text: With development of land transportation in the 20th century, waterborne transportation in Lake Biwa was disused except for steamer services to islands on the lake and pleasure boats.

text: With development of land transportation in the 20th century, waterborne transportation in Lake Biwa was disused except for steamer services to islands on the lake and pleasure boats.

method: ICT-DRMMTKS

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Lake Biwa

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with toxins

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answer_match: lowercase, stopped, stemmed, removed trailing period, fuzz > 0.8 / true-false special handling

orig_prompt_class: QuestionPromptWithChoices

prompt_style: context: question:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Lake Biwa

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 20th century,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne transportation

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: development of land transportation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne transportation in Lake Biwa was disused

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: waterborne transportation in Lake Biwa

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: waterborne transportation in Lake Biwa

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: steamer services to islands on the lake and pleasure boats.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: steamer services to islands on the lake and pleasure boats.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: steamer services to islands on the lake and pleasure boats.

answer_match: lowercase, stemmed, fuzz > 0.8

text: Pakistan faces a major scarcity when it comes to water resources, especially finding clean water supplies. There is only one major river, the Indus River that supplies water through out the agricultural plains in Punjab and in Sindh, while the rest of the country has very little access to other fresh water supplies. The scarcity of water not only threatens Pakistan’s economy but also poses a serious threat to the lives of millions of Pakistanis. The issue of water pollution further worsens this problem for Pakistan. The sources for water pollution include, the over use of chemical fertilizers, the dumping of industrial wastes into lakes and rivers, untreated sewage being dumped into the ocean and contaminated pipelines being used to transport water. The contamination of fresh drinking water makes it harder for people to find clean water supplies and increases the prevalence of waterborne diseases. Consequently, most of the reported health problems in Pakistan are either a direct or indirect result of polluted water. According to a report, 45% of infant deaths are due to diarrhea and 60% to overall water borne diseases.

text: Pakistan faces a major scarcity when it comes to water resources, especially finding clean water supplies. There is only one major river, the

entity_name: Indus River

text: Indus River

text: that supplies water through out the agricultural plains in

entity_name: Punjab (region)

text: Punjab

text: and in

entity_name: Sindh

text: Sindh

text: , while the rest of the country has very little access to other fresh water supplies. The scarcity of water not only threatens Pakistan’s economy but also poses a serious threat to the lives of millions of Pakistanis. The issue of water pollution further worsens this problem for Pakistan. The sources for water pollution include, the over use of chemical fertilizers, the dumping of industrial wastes into lakes and rivers, untreated sewage being dumped into the ocean and contaminated pipelines being used to transport water. The contamination of fresh drinking water makes it harder for people to find clean water supplies and increases the prevalence of

entity_name: Waterborne diseases

text: waterborne diseases

text: . Consequently, most of the reported health problems in Pakistan are either a direct or indirect result of polluted water. According to a report, 45% of infant deaths are due to diarrhea and 60% to overall water borne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 60

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Indus River

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 45%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 60%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The contamination of fresh drinking water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The contamination of fresh drinking water

text: 2.1.2 Health and well-beingThe sanitation/safety facilities for the construction workers are provided as per National Building Code 2005. These include provision of clean and hygienic accommodation, toilet facilities, purified drinking water, general store, a subsidised canteen, medical facilities, day care centre and onsite safety equipment, and so on. Significant measures have been taken to reduce air pollution during construction, such as – site roads are regularly sprayed with water; wheels of all vehicles are washed, and so on.

text: 2.1.2 Health and well-beingThe sanitation/safety facilities for the construction workers are provided as per National Building Code 2005. These include provision of clean and hygienic accommodation, toilet facilities, purified drinking water, general store, a subsidised canteen, medical facilities, day care centre and onsite safety equipment, and so on. Significant measures have been taken to reduce air pollution during construction, such as – site roads are regularly sprayed with water; wheels of all vehicles are washed, and so on.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hygienic accommodation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: National Building Code 2005.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: purified drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: hygienic accommodation, toilet facilities, purified drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hygienic

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: purified drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: National Building Code 2005.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: purified drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: purified drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: purified drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: purified drinking water,

text: She is also an author and activist who has taken on the issue of the lack of potable drinking water in her West African homeland.  Therein she runs the Georgie Badiel Foundation which is dedicated to raising funds to support the cause. Now together with the children's book author,Peter H. Reynolds and Susan Verde, she has co-created the book The Water Princess, a picture book which tells the story of her West African nation's desperate need for aquifers through her life as a young girl who dreams of bringing clean water to her people.  The book was published by Penguin Random House in  2016. Her foundation partners with Ryan's Well Foundation to provide safe drinking water to communities in Africa.

text: She is also an author and activist who has taken on the issue of the lack of

entity_name: Drinking water

text: potable

text: drinking water in her West African homeland.  Therein she runs the

text: Georgie Badiel Foundation

text: which is dedicated to raising funds to support the cause. Now together with the children's book author,

entity_name: Peter H. Reynolds

text: Peter H. Reynolds

text: and Susan Verde, she has co-created the book The Water Princess, a picture book which tells the story of her West African nation's desperate need for aquifers through her life as a young girl who dreams of bringing clean water to her people.  The book was published by

entity_name: Penguin Random House

text: Penguin Random House

text: in  2016. Her foundation partners with

entity_name: Ryan Hreljac

entity_section: Ryan's Well Foundation

text: Ryan's Well Foundation

text: to provide safe drinking water to communities in Africa.

method: Bert-DRMMTKS

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of potable drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: lack of potable drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: potable drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: lack of potable drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of potable drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: lack of potable drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: author,Peter H. Reynolds

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lack of potable drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Georgie Badiel

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Georgie Badiel Foundation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Georgie Badiel

text: Boiling water reactor safety systems are nuclear safety systems constructed within boiling water reactors in order to prevent or mitigate environmental and health hazards in the event of accident or natural disaster.

text: Boiling water reactor safety systems are

entity_name: Nuclear reactor safety system

text: nuclear safety systems

text: constructed within

entity_name: Boiling water reactor

text: boiling water reactors

text: in order to prevent or mitigate environmental and health hazards in the event of accident or natural disaster.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Boiling water reactor safety systems

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Boiling water reactor safety systems

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: health hazards

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: accident or natural disaster.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Boiling water reactor safety systems

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Boiling water reactor safety systems

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Boiling water reactor safety systems

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Boiling water reactor safety systems

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Boiling water reactor safety systems

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Boiling water reactor safety systems

text: Rain began to fall on lap 21. Eddie Irvine pulled into pits just as the rain started, but Ferrari was not ready for him and his pit stop took 43 seconds after his mechanics initially put slick tires on his car. Giancarlo Fisichella spun. A scramble into the pits ensued, but the leaders were all able to hold their positions. Jean Alesi spun out of third place on lap 25 in Chateaux d'Eau, then the safety car was deployed due to the amount of water on the track. The amount of water on the track was so great that three drivers - Jacques Villeneuve, Alexander Wurz, and Alex Zanardi spun while following the safety car. Damon Hill retired with electrical failure while behind the safety car. The safety car came in at the end of lap 35. The restart went cleanly, with no place changes amongst the front-runners.

text: Rain began to fall on lap 21. Eddie Irvine pulled into pits just as the rain started, but Ferrari was not ready for him and his pit stop took 43 seconds after his mechanics initially put slick tires on his car. Giancarlo Fisichella spun. A scramble into the pits ensued, but the leaders were all able to hold their positions. Jean Alesi spun out of third place on lap 25 in Chateaux d'Eau, then the safety car was deployed due to the amount of water on the track. The amount of water on the track was so great that three drivers -

entity_name: Jacques Villeneuve

text: Jacques Villeneuve

entity_name: Alexander Wurz

text: Alexander Wurz

text: , and

entity_name: Alex Zanardi

text: Alex Zanardi

text: spun while following the safety car. Damon Hill retired with electrical failure while behind the safety car. The safety car came in at the end of lap 35. The restart went cleanly, with no place changes amongst the front-runners.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Chateaux d'Eau

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Chateaux d'Eau,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 21.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Rain began to fall on lap 21.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Rain began to fall on lap 21.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 25 in Chateaux d'Eau,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Damon Hill retired with electrical failure

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 25 in Chateaux d'Eau,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: the safety car was deployed due to the amount of water on the track.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Rain began to fall on lap 21.

text: Water is the underlying tenuous balance of safe water supply, but controllable factors such as the management and distribution of the water supply itself contribute to further scarcity.

text: Water is the underlying tenuous balance of safe water supply, but controllable factors such as the management and distribution of the water supply itself contribute to further scarcity.

method: dangnt-nlp

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: management and distribution of the water supply itself contribute to further scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: controllable factors

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: controllable factors

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water is the underlying tenuous balance of safe water supply,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: controllable factors

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: controllable factors

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water is the underlying tenuous balance of safe water supply,

text: A flow of water in the river is quite an event for the people of Alice Springs, who flock to the causeways and the Telegraph Station to play in the fleeting waters. Although the riverbed is wide and of gentle gradient through the town the opaque waters combined with trees, waterborne and man-made hazards make playing in the flowing river dangerous.

text: A flow of water in the river is quite an event for the people of Alice Springs, who flock to the causeways and the Telegraph Station to play in the fleeting waters. Although the riverbed is wide and of gentle gradient through the town the opaque waters combined with trees, waterborne and man-made hazards make playing in the flowing river dangerous.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: man-made hazards

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: A flow of water in the river

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water in the river is quite an event for the people of Alice Springs,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: man-made

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: man-made hazards

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: trees, waterborne and man-made hazards

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Alice Springs,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: man-made hazards

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: trees, waterborne and man-made hazards

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: man-made hazards

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: waterborne and man-made hazards make playing in the flowing river dangerous.

text: When infected with these waterborne diseases, those living in African communities suffering from water scarcity cannot contribute to the community's productivity and development because of a simple lack of strength. Additionally, individual, community, and governmental economic resources are sapped by the cost of medicine to treat waterborne diseases, which takes away from resources that might have potentially been allocated in support of food supply or school fees. Also, in term of governmental funding, the Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) estimates that in Sub-Saharan Africa, treatment of diarrhea due to water contamination consumes 12% of the country's health budget. With better water conditions, the burden on healthcare would be less substantial, while a healthier workforce  would stimulate economic growth and help alleviate the prevalence of poverty.

text: When infected with these waterborne diseases, those living in African communities suffering from water scarcity cannot contribute to the community's productivity and development because of a simple lack of strength. Additionally, individual, community, and governmental economic resources are sapped by the cost of medicine to treat waterborne diseases, which takes away from resources that might have potentially been allocated in support of food supply or school fees. Also, in term of governmental funding, the

entity_name: Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council

text: Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council

text: (WSSCC) estimates that in

entity_name: Sub-Saharan Africa

text: Sub-Saharan Africa

text: , treatment of diarrhea due to

entity_name: Water pollution

text: water contamination

text: consumes 12% of the country's health budget. With better water conditions, the burden on healthcare would be less substantial, while a healthier workforce  would stimulate economic growth and help alleviate the prevalence of poverty.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Sub-Saharan Africa,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of strength.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: With better water conditions,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: cost of medicine to treat waterborne diseases,

text: - Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

entity_name: Keelung

text: Keelung City

text: Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are able to multiply quickly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: - Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: - Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: - Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: - Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: - Keelung

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: - Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: - Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: - Keelung City Water Safety Lifesaving Association

text: With increasing human population, pollution has become a great concern. Pollution from human activities is a problem that does not have to be inevitable. With a comprehensive pollution prevention program, most pollution can be reduced, reused, or prevented. The US Environmental Protection Agency works to introduce pollution prevention programs to reduce and manage waste. Reducing and managing pollution may decrease the number of deaths and illnesses from pollution-related diseases.

text: With increasing human population, pollution has become a great concern. Pollution from human activities is a problem that does not have to be inevitable. With a comprehensive pollution prevention program, most pollution can be reduced, reused, or prevented. The US

entity_name: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: works to introduce pollution prevention programs to reduce and manage waste. Reducing and managing pollution may decrease the number of deaths and illnesses from

text: pollution-related diseases

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: most

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution-related diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: increasing human population,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pollution-related diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: pollution-related diseases.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pollution-related diseases.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: pollution-related diseases.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: pollution-related diseases.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: pollution

text: In 1997, the Council joined with the National Water Safety Congress (NWSC) to create one, annual event called the International Boating and Water Safety Summit (IBWSS). The IBWSS is the premier event for training, awareness, meeting and networking for anyone involved in boating and water safety.

text: In 1997, the Council joined with the National Water Safety Congress (NWSC) to create one, annual event called the International Boating and Water Safety Summit (IBWSS). The IBWSS is the premier event for training, awareness, meeting and networking for anyone involved in boating and water safety.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: International Boating and Water Safety Summit

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: National Water Safety Congress

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water safety.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: training, awareness, meeting and networking

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: International Boating and Water Safety Summit

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: National Water Safety Congress

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: National Water Safety Congress

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: International Boating and Water Safety Summit

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: International Boating and Water Safety Summit

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: International Boating and Water Safety Summit

text: There were local residents' protests against water and air pollution. The Park's industrial wastewater treatment plant began to operate in 1986 and effectively treats wastewater for maximum safety while Taiwan's National Environmental Protection Department monitors the air quality in the Park and surrounding areas to maintain clean air quality.

text: There were local residents' protests against water and air pollution. The Park's industrial wastewater treatment plant began to operate in 1986 and effectively treats wastewater for maximum safety while

entity_name: Taiwan

text: Taiwan

text: 's National Environmental Protection Department monitors the air quality in the Park and surrounding areas to maintain clean air quality.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water and air pollution.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Taiwan's

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water and air pollution.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water and air pollution.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water and air pollution.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Taiwan's

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: wastewater

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Taiwan's National Environmental Protection Department

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Park's industrial wastewater treatment plant

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Taiwan's

text: It is also used as a medium for water resistance in electrical cable-jointing, roofing membranes (since it does not pollute the run-off rainwater, which is of vital importance for rainwater harvesting), geomembranes, rubber mechanical goods, plastic impact modification, thermoplastic, vulcanizates, and many other applications. Colored EPDM granules are mixed with polyurethane binders and troweled or sprayed onto concrete, asphalt, screenings, interlocking brick, wood, etc. to create a non-slip, soft, porous safety surface for wet-deck areas such as pool decks and as safety surfacing under playground play equipment (designed to help lessen fall injury).

text: It is also used as a medium for water resistance in electrical cable-jointing,

entity_name: Roof

text: roof

text: ing membranes (since it does not pollute the run-off rainwater, which is of vital importance for

entity_name: Rainwater harvesting

text: rainwater harvesting

entity_name: Geomembrane

text: geomembrane

text: s, rubber mechanical goods, plastic impact modification,

entity_name: Thermoplastic

text: thermoplastic

entity_name: Vulcanization

text: vulcanizates

text: , and many other applications. Colored EPDM granules are mixed with polyurethane binders and troweled or sprayed onto concrete, asphalt, screenings, interlocking brick, wood, etc. to create a non-slip, soft, porous safety surface for wet-deck areas such as pool decks and as safety surfacing under playground play equipment (designed to help lessen fall injury).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: rainwater harvesting),

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: EPDM

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollute the run-off rainwater,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polyurethane binders

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: EPDM

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: EPDM

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: rainwater,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: EPDM

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: rainwater harvesting),

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Colored EPDM

text: The invasion of Russia clearly and dramatically demonstrates the importance of logistics in military planning, especially when the land will not provide for the number of troops deployed in an area of operations far exceeding the experience of the invading army. Napoleon and the Grande Armée had developed a proclivity for living off the land that had served it well in the densely populated and agriculturally rich central Europe with its dense network of roads. Rapid forced marches had dazed and confused old order Austrian and Prussian armies and much had been made of the use of foraging. In Russia many of the Grande Armée's methods of operation worked against it and they were additionally seriously handicapped by the lack of winter horse shoes which made it impossible for the horses to obtain traction on snow and ice.Forced marches often made troops do without supplies as the supply wagons struggled to keep up. Lack of food and water in thinly populated, much less agriculturally dense regions led to the death of troops and their mounts by exposing them to waterborne diseases from drinking from mud puddles and eating rotten food and forage. The front of the army received whatever could be provided while the formations behind starved.

text: The invasion of Russia clearly and dramatically demonstrates the importance of

entity_name: Logistics

text: logistics

text: in military planning, especially when the land will not provide for the number of troops deployed in an area of operations far exceeding the experience of the invading army. Napoleon and the Grande Armée had developed a proclivity for living off the land that had served it well in the densely populated and agriculturally rich central Europe with its dense network of roads. Rapid forced marches had dazed and confused old order Austrian and Prussian armies and much had been made of the use of foraging. In Russia many of the Grande Armée's methods of operation worked against it and they were additionally seriously handicapped by the lack of winter horse shoes which made it impossible for the horses to obtain traction on snow and ice.Forced marches often made troops do without supplies as the supply wagons struggled to keep up. Lack of food and water in thinly populated, much less agriculturally dense regions led to the death of troops and their mounts by exposing them to waterborne diseases from drinking from mud puddles and eating rotten food and forage. The front of the army received whatever could be provided while the formations behind starved.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of food and water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: mud puddles

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: mud puddles

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: mud puddles and eating rotten food and forage.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: mud puddles

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: drinking from mud puddles

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: mud puddles

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Lack of food and water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: mud puddles

text: The Food Safety Initiative  is an interagency initiative begun under the Clinton administration in 1997 to coordinate the activities of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety and Inspection Service to reduce the annual incidence of foodborne illness.

text: The Food Safety Initiative  is an interagency initiative begun under the

entity_name: Presidency of Bill Clinton

text: Clinton administration

text: in 1997 to coordinate the activities of the

entity_name: Food and Drug Administration

text: Food and Drug Administration

text: (FDA), the

entity_name: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

text: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

text: (CDC),

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA), and the

entity_name: United States Department of Agriculture

text: Department of Agriculture

text: (USDA)

entity_name: Food Safety and Inspection Service

text: Food Safety and Inspection Service

text: to reduce the annual incidence of

entity_name: Foodborne illness

text: foodborne illness

method: UNH-ecn

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: foodborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: foodborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: CDC

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Food Safety Initiative

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Food and Drug Administration

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: foodborne illness.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: foodborne illness.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: foodborne illness.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: (EPA),

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: foodborne illness.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: foodborne illness.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: foodborne illness.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Food Safety Initiative

text: The degree of pathogen removal strongly varies with soil type, aquifer type, distance and other environmental factors. For this reason, it is difficult to estimate the safe distance between a pit and a water source – a problem that also applies to septic tanks. Detailed guidelines have been developed to estimate safe distances to protect groundwater sources from pollution from on-site sanitation. However, these are mostly ignored by those building pit latrines. In addition to that, household plots are of a limited size and therefore pit latrines are often built much closer to groundwater wells than what can be regarded as safe This results in groundwater pollution and household members falling sick when using this groundwater as a source of drinking water.

text: The degree of pathogen removal strongly varies with soil type, aquifer type, distance and other environmental factors. For this reason, it is difficult to estimate the safe distance between a pit and a water source – a problem that also applies to

entity_name: Septic tank

text: septic tank

text: s. Detailed guidelines have been developed to estimate safe distances to protect

entity_name: Groundwater

text: groundwater

text: sources from pollution from on-site

text: sanitation

text: . However, these are mostly ignored by those building pit latrines. In addition to that, household plots are of a limited size and therefore pit latrines are often built much closer to groundwater wells than what can be regarded as safe This results in

text: groundwater pollution

text: and household members falling sick when using this groundwater as a source of drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: groundwater pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: groundwater pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: groundwater pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: septic tanks.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution from on-site sanitation.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: household plots are of a limited size

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pit latrines are often built much closer to groundwater wells

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: aquifer type, distance and other environmental factors.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: household members falling sick

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: groundwater as a source of drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: difficult to estimate the safe distance between a pit and a water source

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The degree of pathogen removal

text: According to Nick Mason, and confirmed by Waters, it is a love song directed towards Waters' new wife at the time, Carolyne. She was really the only one of Waters' friends he had ever met who could hold her own in an argument with Waters; according to Mason you had to be very good with semantics to win an argument against Waters. Waters wrote the song because that's all he had been looking for all along: someone who could stand up to him, an equal. The former piece of the song conveys a theme of despondency and isolation imposed upon the individual resulting from the societal pressures which work to separate the masses, a theme developed in the proceeding track, "Dogs". Waters conveys a hopeful theme in the latter portion of the song, illustrating the strength and emotional safety as a result of unity among individuals, a safety Waters felt quickly upon meeting Carolyne.

text: According to Nick Mason, and confirmed by Waters, it is a love song directed towards Waters' new wife at the time, Carolyne. She was really the only one of Waters' friends he had ever met who could hold her own in an argument with Waters; according to Mason you had to be very good with semantics to win an argument against Waters. Waters wrote the song because that's all he had been looking for all along: someone who could stand up to him, an equal. The former piece of the song conveys a theme of despondency and isolation imposed upon the individual resulting from the societal pressures which work to separate the masses, a theme developed in the proceeding track, "Dogs". Waters conveys a hopeful theme in the latter portion of the song, illustrating the strength and emotional safety as a result of unity among individuals, a safety Waters felt quickly upon meeting Carolyne.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: societal pressures

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Dogs

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: According to Nick Mason, and confirmed by Waters,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Nick Mason,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: societal pressures

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: societal pressures

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "Dogs".

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Nick Mason, and confirmed by Waters,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: "Dogs".

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: "Dogs".

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: societal pressures

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: societal pressures

text: Taken up special project under MPLADS in Prakasam & Guntur Districts for construction of 350 community halls cum libraries, establishing 250 safe drinking water units & 2 Girls Hostels with the assistance under CSR..

text: Taken up special project under MPLADS in Prakasam & Guntur Districts for construction of 350 community halls cum libraries, establishing 250 safe drinking water units & 2 Girls Hostels with the assistance under CSR..

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are able to multiply quickly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 3000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Prakasam

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 250

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 250 safe drinking water units

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 250

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Girls Hostels

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: CSR..

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 250 safe drinking water units

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 250 safe drinking water units

text: The disease is endemic in North America and parts of Europe and Asia. The most common mode of transmission is via arthropod vectors. Ticks involved include Amblyomma, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, and Ixodes. Rodents, rabbits, and hares often serve as reservoir hosts, but waterborne infection accounts for 5 to 10% of all tularemia in the US. Tularemia can also be transmitted by biting flies, particularly the deer fly Chrysops discalis. Individual flies can remain infective for 14 days and ticks for over two years. Tularemia may also be spread by direct contact with contaminated animals or material, by ingestion of poorly cooked flesh of infected animals or contaminated water, or by inhalation.

text: The disease is

text: endemic

text: in North America and parts of Europe and Asia. The most common mode of transmission is via

text: arthropod

text: vector

text: s. Ticks involved include

text: Amblyomma

text: Dermacentor

text: Haemaphysalis

text: , and

text: Ixodes

text: Rodent

text: s, rabbits, and hares often serve as

text: reservoir hosts

text: , but waterborne infection accounts for 5 to 10% of all tularemia in the US. Tularemia can also be transmitted by biting flies, particularly the deer fly Chrysops discalis. Individual flies can remain infective for 14 days and ticks for over two years. Tularemia may also be spread by direct contact with contaminated animals or material, by ingestion of poorly cooked flesh of infected animals or contaminated water, or by inhalation.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: ticks

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated animals or material

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Tularemia

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Asia. The most common mode of transmission is via arthropod vectors.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: North America

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: arthropod vectors.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: inhalation.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 10%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tularemia

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: ingestion of poorly cooked flesh of infected animals or contaminated water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: arthropod vectors.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 5 to 10% of all tularemia in the US.

text: Water Safety Skills

text: Water Safety Skills

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: if left unchecked, they can mutate into a pathogen.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: What can you do to protect yourself from waterborne diseases?

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: How do you know if you have dracunculiasis?

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: What is the solution to stopping the spread of waterborne diseases?

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: How do people in developed nations feel about waterborne diseases?

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water Safety Skills

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water Safety Skills

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water Safety Skills

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water Safety Skills

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water Safety Skills

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Water Safety Skills

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water Safety Skills

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water Safety Skills

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water Safety Skills

text: The common roach mostly feeds in the deeper parts of water bodies, but can be found in any water body deeper than  and wider than , and adapts to local circumstances, although in the summer, it can be caught using surface floats and bread. It tolerates organic pollution and is one of the last species to disappear in polluted waters, but is also often the most numerous cyprinid in nutrient-poor waters. It also tolerates brackish water. The lethal temperature is around 31°C (88°F).

text: The common roach mostly feeds in the deeper parts of water bodies, but can be found in any water body deeper than  and wider than , and adapts to local circumstances, although in the summer, it can be caught using surface floats and bread. It tolerates organic pollution and is one of the last species to disappear in polluted waters, but is also often the most numerous cyprinid in nutrient-poor waters. It also tolerates brackish water. The lethal temperature is around 31°C (88°F).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: roaches are omnivorous

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: common roach

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The common roach

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 31°C

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: organic pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: The lethal temperature

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The common roach

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: The common roach

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The common roach

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The common roach

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The common roach

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The common roach

text: Historically as well as today, in regions without access to safe drinking water, the boiling of water to make tea has been effective in reducing waterborne diseases by destroying pathogenic microorganisms. Recently, concerns have been raised about the traditional method of over-boiling tea to produce a decoction, which may increase the amount of pesticides and other harmful contaminants released and consumed.

text: Historically as well as today, in regions without access to safe

text: drinking water

text: , the boiling of water to make tea has been effective in reducing

text: waterborne diseases

text: by destroying

text: pathogenic

text: microorganisms

text: . Recently, concerns have been raised about the traditional method of over-boiling tea to produce a

text: decoction

text: , which may increase the amount of pesticides and other harmful contaminants released and consumed.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microscopic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pathogenic microorganisms

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Historically as well as today, in regions without access to safe drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: regions without access to safe drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microorganisms.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: destroying pathogenic microorganisms.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases by destroying pathogenic microorganisms.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: regions without access to safe drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pathogenic microorganisms.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: boiling of water to make tea has been effective in reducing waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: destroying pathogenic microorganisms.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Historically as well as today, in regions without access to safe drinking water,

text: To maintain public water quality at a level that is safe for human and animal health and for the growth of plants, pollution materials subject to management are designated under the Act on Water Quality and Ecosystem Conservation. Currently, 40 kinds of organic materials, including copper, lead, nickel, and cyanogens, are designated as water pollutants. To manage water quality safety, heavy metals and phenols are designated as specific water pollution material.

text: To maintain public water quality at a level that is safe for human and animal health and for the growth of plants, pollution materials subject to management are designated under the Act on Water Quality and Ecosystem Conservation. Currently, 40 kinds of organic materials, including copper, lead, nickel, and cyanogens, are designated as water pollutants. To manage water quality safety, heavy metals and phenols are designated as specific water pollution material.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: human and animal

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: humans are exposed to them

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Act on Water Quality and Ecosystem Conservation.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: public water quality

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water quality

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Act on Water Quality and Ecosystem Conservation.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 40

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cyanogens,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Act on Water Quality and Ecosystem Conservation.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Act on Water Quality and Ecosystem Conservation.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe for human and animal health

text: According to a 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) report, 1.1 billion people lack access to an improved drinking water supply, 88% of the 4 billion annual cases of diarrheal disease are attributed to unsafe water and inadequate sanitation and hygiene, while 1.8 million people die from diarrheal diseases each year. The WHO estimates that 94% of these diarrheal cases are preventable through modifications to the environment, including access to safe water. Simple techniques for treating water at home, such as chlorination, filters, and solar disinfection, and storing it in safe containers could save a huge number of lives each year. Reducing deaths from waterborne diseases is a major public health goal in developing countries.

text: According to a 2007

text: World Health Organization

text: (WHO) report, 1.1

text: billion

text: people lack access to an improved drinking water supply, 88% of the 4 billion annual cases of

text: diarrheal disease

text: are attributed to unsafe water and inadequate

text: sanitation

text: and hygiene, while 1.8 million people die from diarrheal diseases each year. The WHO estimates that 94% of these diarrheal cases are preventable through modifications to the environment, including access to safe water. Simple techniques for treating water at home, such as chlorination, filters, and solar disinfection, and storing it in safe containers could save a huge number of lives each year. Reducing deaths from

text: waterborne diseases

text: is a major

text: public health

text: goal in developing countries.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1.1 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrheal disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 1.1 billion people lack access to an improved drinking water supply,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1.1 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: inadequate sanitation and hygiene,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 1.8 million people die from diarrheal diseases each year.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.8 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrheal disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1.1 billion people lack access to an improved drinking water supply,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: modifications to the environment, including access to safe water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: developing countries.

text: Its main goal is to protect public health and safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability. The CDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease control and prevention. It especially focuses its attention on infectious disease, food borne pathogens, environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion, injury prevention and educational activities designed to improve the health of United States citizens. In addition, the CDC researches and provides information on non-infectious diseases such as obesity and diabetes and is a founding member of the International Association of National Public Health Institutes.

text: Its main goal is to protect

text: public health

text: and safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability. The CDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease control and prevention. It especially focuses its attention on

text: infectious disease

text: food borne pathogens

text: environmental health

text: occupational safety and health

text: health promotion

text: injury prevention

text: and educational activities designed to improve the health of

text: United States citizens

text: . In addition, the CDC researches and provides information on

text: non-infectious diseases

text: such as

text: obesity

text: and

text: diabetes

text: and is a founding member of the

entity_name: International Association of National Public Health Institutes

text: International Association of National Public Health Institutes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: food borne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: food borne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: food borne pathogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: CDC

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: International Association of National Public Health Institutes.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: food borne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: food borne pathogens,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: food borne pathogens,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: infectious disease,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: food borne pathogens,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: food borne pathogens,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: CDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease control and prevention.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: CDC

text: A water safety plan is a plan to ensure the safety of drinking water through the use of a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach that encompasses all steps in water supply from catchment to consumer.

text: A water safety plan is a plan to ensure the safety of

text: drinking water

text: through the use of a comprehensive

text: risk assessment

text: and

text: risk management

text: approach that encompasses all steps in

text: water supply

text: from

text: catchment

text: to consumer.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: A water safety plan

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: risk

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: A water safety plan is a plan to ensure the safety of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: A water safety plan

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water safety plan is a plan to ensure the safety of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: A water safety plan

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: A water safety plan

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water safety plan

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: A water safety plan

text: Rebels kidnapped 21 Filipino UNDOF peacekeepers on the disputed Golan Heights between Syria and Israel. On a video uploaded to YouTube, a group that identified itself as "The Martyrs of Yarmouk" claimed responsibility and said the peacekeepers would be held until Syrian government forces withdrew from the area around Al Jamlah. However, the leader of the political opposition later said that the peacekeepers of their own safety. He said the UN convoy was at risk in the area, which is under Syrian government bombardment, and that the peacekeepers would be released to the Red Cross. Video footage showed the peacekeepers, one of whom said, "We are here safe in this place. We are here because while we are passing through position (unintelligible) to Jamlah, there were bombing and artillery fires. This is why we stopped and, civilian people tell us, for our safety, and distributed us in different places to keep us safe. And they give us good accommodation and give us food to eat and water to drink."

text: Rebels

text: kidnapped

text: 21 Filipino

entity_name: United Nations Disengagement Observer Force

text: UNDOF

text: peacekeepers on the disputed

text: Golan Heights

text: between Syria and Israel. On a video uploaded to YouTube, a group that identified itself as "The Martyrs of Yarmouk" claimed responsibility and said the peacekeepers would be held until Syrian government forces withdrew from the area around Al Jamlah. However, the leader of the political opposition later said that the peacekeepers of their own safety. He said the UN convoy was at risk in the area, which is under Syrian government bombardment, and that the peacekeepers would be released to the Red Cross. Video footage showed the peacekeepers, one of whom said, "We are here safe in this place. We are here because while we are passing through position (unintelligible) to Jamlah, there were bombing and artillery fires. This is why we stopped and, civilian people tell us, for our safety, and distributed us in different places to keep us safe. And they give us good accommodation and give us food to eat and water to drink."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: unintelligible

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person eats it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (unintelligible)

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: (unintelligible)

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Syrian government bombardment,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water to drink."

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water to drink."

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water to drink."

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: "The Martyrs of Yarmouk"

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water to drink."

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water to drink."

text: A current water safety report<http://www.sullivanil.us/Files/Water_2012_CCR.PDF> provides information about the safety of municipal water.

text: A current water safety report<http://www.sullivanil.us/Files/Water_2012_CCR.PDF> provides information about the safety of municipal water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: A current water safety report<unk>http://www.sullivanil.us/Files/Water_2012_CCR.PDF>

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: municipal water.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safety of municipal water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: municipal water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water safety report

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: http://www.sullivanil.us/Files/Water_2012_CCR.PDF> provides information about the safety of municipal water.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: A current water safety report

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: A current water safety report

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: A current water safety report

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: municipal water.

text: Traffic safety and automobile safety are a major component of injury prevention because it is the leading cause of death for children and young adults into their mid 30s.  Injury prevention efforts began in the early 1960s when activist Ralph Nader, exposed the automobiles as being more dangerous than necessary with his book Unsafe at Any Speed.  This led to engineering changes in the way cars are designed to allow for more crush space between the vehicle and the occupant.  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also contributes much to automobile safety.  The CDC Injury Prevention Champion, David Sleet, illustrated the importance of lowering the legal blood alcohol content limit to 0.08 percent for drivers; requiring disposable lighters to be child resistant; and using evidence to demonstrate the dangers of airbags to young children riding in the front seat of vehicles.

text: Traffic safety

text: and

text: automobile safety

text: are a major component of injury prevention because it is the leading cause of death for

text: children

text: and young adults into their mid 30s.  Injury prevention efforts began in the early 1960s when activist

text: Ralph Nader

text: , exposed the automobiles as being more dangerous than necessary with his book Unsafe at Any Speed.  This led to engineering changes in the way cars are designed to allow for more crush space between the vehicle and the occupant.  The

text: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

text: (CDC) also contributes much to automobile safety.  The CDC Injury Prevention Champion,

text: David Sleet

text: , illustrated the importance of lowering the legal blood alcohol content limit to 0.08 percent for drivers; requiring disposable lighters to be child resistant; and using evidence to demonstrate the dangers of airbags to young children riding in the front seat of vehicles.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person ingests it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lighters to be child resistant

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Which of the following is NOT true?

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Traffic safety and automobile safety

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0.08 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: injury prevention

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: airbags

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Traffic safety and automobile safety

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: children and young adults into their mid 30s.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lighters

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: leading cause of death for children and young adults into their mid 30s.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: lowering the legal blood alcohol content limit to 0.08 percent

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Traffic safety and automobile safety

text: Symptoms of economic water scarcity include a lack of infrastructure, with people often having to fetch water from rivers or lakes for domestic and agricultural uses (irrigation). Although much emphasis is put on improving water sources for drinking and domestic purposes, evidence suggests that much more water is used for other uses such as bathing, laundry, livestock and cleaning than for drinking and cooking alone. This observation suggests that putting too much emphasis on drinking water needs addresses an insignificant part of the problem of water resources and therefore limits the range of solutions available.

text: Symptoms of economic

text: water scarcity

text: include a lack of infrastructure, with people often having to fetch water from rivers or lakes for domestic and

text: agricultural

text: uses (

text: irrigation

text: ). Although much emphasis is put on improving water sources for

text: drinking

text: and domestic purposes, evidence suggests that much more water is used for other uses such as

text: bathing

text: laundry

text: , livestock and

text: cleaning

text: than for drinking and cooking alone. This observation suggests that putting too much emphasis on drinking water needs addresses an insignificant part of the problem of water resources and therefore limits the range of solutions available.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: insignificant part

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is used for other uses

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: insignificant

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Symptoms of economic water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: putting too much emphasis on drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bathing,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water sources for drinking and domestic purposes,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: limits the range of solutions available.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Symptoms of economic water scarcity

text: Today, Its main goal is to protect public health and safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability. The Agency (FMBA) focuses national attention on developing and applying disease control and prevention. It especially focuses its attention on infectious disease, food borne pathogens, environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion, injury prevention and educational activities designed to improve the health of Russian citizens. In addition, the FMBA researches and provides information on non-infectious diseases. The Agency is also responsible for the Russian blood bank.

text: Today, Its main goal is to protect

text: public health

text: and safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability. The Agency (FMBA) focuses national attention on developing and applying disease control and prevention. It especially focuses its attention on

text: infectious disease

text: food borne pathogens

text: environmental health

text: occupational safety and health

text: health promotion

text: injury prevention

text: and educational activities designed to improve the health of

text: Russian citizens

text: . In addition, the FMBA researches and provides information on

text: non-infectious diseases

text: . The Agency is also responsible for the Russian

text: blood bank

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: food borne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: food borne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: food borne pathogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: food borne pathogens

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Russian blood bank.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: infectious disease, food borne pathogens,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: food borne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: food borne pathogens,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: food borne pathogens,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: infectious disease,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: food borne pathogens, environmental health,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: food borne pathogens,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: infectious disease, food borne pathogens,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Russian citizens.

text: In 1913, British engineers, to meet the scarcity of irrigation and drinking water, built a dam on this namallake and  irrigated lands up to Mianwali city. But with the passage of time and construction of Thal Canal and installation of tube wells, its utility of water squeezed up to some limit.

text: In 1913, British engineers, to meet the scarcity of

text: irrigation

text: and drinking water, built a dam on this namallake and  irrigated lands up to

text: Mianwali city

text: . But with the passage of time and construction of

text: Thal Canal

text: and installation of

text: tube well

text: s, its utility of water squeezed up to some limit.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than 10%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: namallake

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: tube wells,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: scarcity of irrigation and drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: drinking water, built a dam on this namallake

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: In 1913,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: construction of Thal Canal and installation of tube wells,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: its utility of water squeezed up to some limit.

text: Inland water traffic amounts to only 0.17% of total inland traffic in India. The act address the extension of inland water limits, facilitating safety of vessels by dividing the inland water area into three zones based on maximum significant wave height criteria, employment of manpower from Army, Navy and Coast Guard in this sector, controlling pollution and regulating the insurance regime on par with motor vehicles.

text: Inland water traffic amounts to only 0.17% of total inland traffic in India. The act address the extension of inland water limits, facilitating safety of vessels by dividing the inland water area into three zones based on maximum significant wave height criteria, employment of manpower from

text: Army

text: Navy

text: and

text: Coast Guard

text: in this sector, controlling

text: pollution

text: and regulating the insurance regime on par with motor vehicles.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Inland water traffic amounts to only 0.17%

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0.17%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Inland water traffic amounts to only 0.17%

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0.17%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 0.17% of total inland traffic in India.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: employment of manpower from Army, Navy and Coast Guard

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Inland water traffic amounts to only 0.17%

text: The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs () was a Norwegian ministry responsible for fisheries industry, aquaculture industry, seafood safety, fish health and welfare, harbours, water transport infrastructure and emergency preparedness for pollution incidents.

text: The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs () was a

text: Norwegian

text: ministry

text: responsible for

text: fisheries

text: industry,

text: aquaculture

text: industry,

text: seafood

text: safety,

text: fish

text: health and welfare,

text: harbour

text: s,

text: water transport

text: infrastructure and emergency preparedness for

text: pollution

text: incidents.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with viruses

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: salmonella

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution incidents.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution incidents.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pollution incidents.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Royal Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs

text: The main challenges for water management in Beijing are water scarcity and groundwater mining, as well as pollution of surface and ground water. Floods are also a serious problem: Heavy floods struck Beijing in summer 2010 and 2011, overstretching the stormwater drainage system. Drinking water quality is apparently a problem as well, although the Beijing Water Bureau maintains that the water is safe to drink.

text: The main challenges for water management in Beijing are water scarcity and groundwater mining, as well as pollution of surface and ground water. Floods are also a serious problem: Heavy floods struck Beijing in summer 2010 and 2011, overstretching the stormwater drainage system. Drinking water quality is apparently a problem as well, although the Beijing Water Bureau maintains that the water is safe to drink.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is unsafe

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The main challenges for water management in Beijing are water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution of surface and ground water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution of surface and ground water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: the Beijing Water Bureau maintains that the water is safe to drink.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Floods

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: the Beijing Water Bureau maintains that the water is safe to drink.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water scarcity and groundwater mining,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: the Beijing Water Bureau maintains that the water is safe to drink.

text: Therefore, the result of water quality monitoring in 30 rivers in Indonesia indicates that most of river water quality do not meet water criteria class 1, i.e. water that can be used for standard water, drinking water, and or other usage that requires the same water quality with such usage, due to pollution by domestic and industrial wastes (drinking water raw based on Government Regulation Number 82, 2001, Water Quality Management and Wastewater Controlling).

text: Therefore, the result of water quality monitoring in 30 rivers in Indonesia indicates that most of river water quality do not meet water criteria class 1, i.e. water that can be used for standard water, drinking water, and or other usage that requires the same water quality with such usage, due to pollution by domestic and industrial wastes (drinking water raw based on Government Regulation Number 82, 2001, Water Quality Management and Wastewater Controlling).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water quality is poor

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 30 rivers

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: domestic and industrial wastes

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution by domestic and industrial wastes

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pollution by domestic and industrial wastes

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Indonesia indicates that most of river water quality do not meet water criteria class 1,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: domestic and industrial wastes

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: pollution by domestic and industrial wastes

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: most of river water quality do not meet water criteria class 1,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: most of river water quality do not meet water criteria class 1,

text: Agriculture is the largest consumer of water in Egypt using about 85% of available water.Drainage water from the agricultural fields contains pollutants such as pesticide residues, toxic organic and inorganic pollutants, salts and treated and untreated domestic wastewater.  In the East - Delta drains - Faraskour, Serw and Hadous, samples of the water contained high levels of hookworms and other intestinal helminth eggs.In villages where the only available water is from irrigation canals, women use the water for domestic purposes and also dump the used water back into the drainages.In some areas, low water levels do not reach the waterways, so farmers build illegal waterwheels to get the water up the canals to irrigate their land.  Lack of drainage canals and the enforcement by officials to address these problems contribute to pollution of land and water. Villagers drinking polluted water have been affected with kidney and liver diseases.Animal manure, dredged sediments from drains and sludge for fertilizer are leached and the contaminants are a major source of pollution.  Agricultural drainage water reuse is used by farmers legally and illegally.  Improper irrigation and lack of education on effective irrigation methods and crop production contributes to crop failure and polluting of canals.  In areas where there is no formal operational structure for pumping water of individual diesel pumps, the tail-end users usually are not getting enough water to maintain crops.

text: Agriculture

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 5%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: inorganic pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated wastewater

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: hookworms

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: polluted water have been affected with kidney and liver diseases.Animal

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 85%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: hookworms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated domestic wastewater.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: kidney and liver diseases.Animal

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: kidney and liver

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: kidney and liver

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: hookworms

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: polluted water have been affected with kidney and liver diseases.Animal

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: polluted water have been affected with kidney and liver diseases.Animal

text: Among the main issues facing water users and the water industry in the U.S. in 2009 are water scarcity and adaptation to climate change; concerns about combined sewer overflows and drinking water quality; as well as concerns about a gap between investment needs and actual investments. Other issues are concerns about a swiftly retiring workforce, the affordability of water bills for the poor during a recession, and water fluoridation, which is opposed by some mainly on ethical and safety grounds.

text: Among the main issues facing water users and the water industry in the U.S. in 2009 are water scarcity and adaptation to climate change; concerns about combined sewer overflows and drinking water quality; as well as concerns about a gap between investment needs and actual investments. Other issues are concerns about a swiftly retiring workforce, the affordability of water bills for the poor during a recession, and water fluoridation, which is opposed by some mainly on ethical and safety grounds.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water fluoridation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fluoridation

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water scarcity and adaptation to climate change;

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: climate change;

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water fluoridation,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: U.S.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: combined sewer overflows

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: fluoridation,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water fluoridation,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water fluoridation,

text: Phosphates enter the water ways through both non-point sources and point sources. Non-point source (NPS) pollution refers to water pollution from diffuse sources. Nonpoint source pollution can be contrasted with point source pollution, where discharges occur to a body of water at a single location. The non-point sources of phosphates include: natural decomposition of rocks and minerals, storm water runoff, agricultural runoff, erosion and sedimentation, atmospheric deposition, and direct input by animals/wildlife; whereas: point sources may include: waste water treatment plants and permitted industrial discharges. In general, the non-point source pollution typically is significantly higher than the point sources of pollution. Therefore, the key to sound management is to limit the input from both point and non-point sources of phosphate. High concentration of phosphate in water bodies is an indication of pollution and largely responsible for eutrophication.

text: Phosphates enter the water ways through both non-point sources and point sources. Non-point source (NPS) pollution refers to water pollution from diffuse sources. Nonpoint source pollution can be contrasted with point source pollution, where discharges occur to a body of water at a single location. The non-point sources of phosphates include: natural decomposition of rocks and minerals, storm water runoff, agricultural runoff, erosion and sedimentation, atmospheric deposition, and direct input by animals/wildlife; whereas: point sources may include: waste water treatment plants and permitted industrial discharges. In general, the non-point source pollution typically is significantly higher than the point sources of pollution. Therefore, the key to sound management is to limit the input from both point and non-point sources of phosphate. High concentration of phosphate in water bodies is an indication of pollution and largely responsible for

text: eutrophication

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: non-point sources

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: point sources of pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: eutrophication

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Phosphates

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: waste water treatment plants

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: animals/wildlife;

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: High concentration of phosphate

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: eutrophication.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Phosphates

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: eutrophication.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Phosphates

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: limit the input from both point and non-point sources of phosphate.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: waste water treatment plants

text: To avoid the inconveniences of organic solvents (safety and availability), some brands of fluid are water-based. However, those have the disadvantages of a longer drying time, and incompatibility with some inks (which will soak through them).

text: To avoid the inconveniences of organic solvents (safety and availability), some brands of fluid are water-based. However, those have the disadvantages of a longer drying time, and incompatibility with some inks (which will soak through them).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diphtheria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: To avoid the inconveniences of organic solvents

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: availability),

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: organic solvents

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: organic solvents

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water-based.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: (safety and availability), some brands of fluid are water-based.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: inks (which will soak through them).

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water-based.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water-based.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water-based.

text: Gas lighting was one of the most debated technology of the first industrial revolution. In Paris, in particular, as soon as 1823 a public controversy forced the government to devise safety norms (Fressoz, 2007). The residues produced from distilled coal were either disposed into rivers or stocked in basins which polluted (and still pollute) the soil.

text: Gas lighting was one of the most debated technology of the first industrial revolution. In Paris, in particular, as soon as 1823 a public controversy forced the government to devise safety norms (Fressoz, 2007). The residues produced from distilled coal were either disposed into rivers or stocked in basins which polluted (and still pollute) the soil.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: iii.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: rivers

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Gas lighting was one of the most debated technology of the first industrial revolution.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluted (and still pollute) the soil.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: public controversy

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Gas lighting was one of the most debated technology of the first industrial revolution.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: rivers

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The residues produced from distilled coal

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: (Fressoz, 2007).

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: rivers or stocked in basins

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safety norms

text: Sonoda became internationally known for drinking a glass of water, collected from puddles under the reactor buildings at the radioactively polluted Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, during a press conference to prove the safety of the installed decontamination procedures.

text: Sonoda became internationally known for drinking a glass of water, collected from puddles under the reactor buildings at the radioactively polluted

text: Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

text: , during a

text: press conference

text: to prove the safety of the installed decontamination procedures.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: radioactive radiation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Sonoda

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: radioactively polluted

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: radioactively

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: radioactively polluted

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: decontamination procedures.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: decontamination procedures.

text: Despite its growing importance, the issue of water quality has long been nearly absent from water coverage assessments, since few countries could afford regular water quality surveillance. Instead, it is assumed that certain types of water sources categorized as ‘improved’ are likely to deliver drinking water of adequate quality for basic health needs. This assumption appears over-optimistic, and improved technologies are shown not to be providing in all circumstances safe water. Similarly, health-related gains in water interventions are also dependent on service reliability; and it has been seen for example that annual health benefits attributed to the consumption of safe water are almost entirely lost if raw water is consumed over the course of few days. This draws attention to the issue of reliability and seasonality of drinking water sources.

text: Despite its growing importance, the issue of water quality has long been nearly absent from water coverage assessments, since few countries could afford regular water quality surveillance. Instead, it is assumed that certain types of water sources categorized as ‘improved’ are likely to deliver drinking water of adequate quality for basic health needs. This assumption appears over-optimistic, and improved technologies are shown not to be providing in all circumstances safe water. Similarly, health-related gains in water interventions are also dependent on service reliability; and it has been seen for example that annual health benefits attributed to the consumption of safe water are almost entirely lost if raw water is consumed over the course of few days. This draws attention to the issue of reliability and seasonality of drinking water sources.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: raw water is consumed over the course of few days

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Despite its growing importance,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: few countries

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: health needs.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: raw water is consumed over the course of few days.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: few countries could afford regular water quality surveillance.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ‘improved’ are likely to deliver drinking water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: raw water is consumed over the course of few days.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: ‘improved’ are likely to deliver drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: few countries could afford regular water quality surveillance.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: improved technologies are shown not to be providing in all circumstances safe water.

text: InStove has also created a solution to lack of safe drinking water. The water pasteurizer system heats water to 71 °C to eliminate 99.99% of pathogens to ensure safe drinking water. The pasteurizer is powered by the 100 Liter Stove, and can pasteurize 800 liters of water an hour using about 5 grams of wood per liter. The unit was tested in Ndola, Zambia in October 2013. InStoves are available for commercial purchase as well as humanitarian aid usage.

text: InStove has also created a solution to lack of safe drinking water. The water pasteurizer system heats water to 71 °C to eliminate 99.99% of pathogens to ensure safe drinking water. The pasteurizer is powered by the 100 Liter Stove, and can pasteurize 800 liters of water an hour using about 5 grams of wood per liter. The unit was tested in Ndola, Zambia in October 2013. InStoves are available for commercial purchase as well as humanitarian aid usage.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99.99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Zambia

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pathogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Ndola, Zambia in October 2013.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99.99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: lack of safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 99.99%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pathogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 99.99% of pathogens to ensure safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: commercial purchase as well as humanitarian aid usage.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 99.99% of pathogens to ensure safe drinking water.

text: The Yongding Reservoir is heavily polluted by industrial wastewater, despite efforts at reducing the pollution load undertaken since the 1980s. However, these efforts were dwarfed by new industrial plants, by lax enforcement and by the construction of dams further upstream so that less water was available for dilution. During the 1980s, the Guanting Reservoir was heavily polluted by the development of hotels without wastewater treatment on the shores of the reservoir, by aquaculture in the reservoir, as well as by iron ore mining in its basin. All these activities were shut down in the 1990s and 2000s to protect water quality in the reservoir. There have been substantial efforts to improve the water quality in the reservoir prior to the 2008 Olympics. There is little information on groundwater pollution, but some drinking water wells had to be shut down for "safety reasons".

text: The Yongding Reservoir is heavily polluted by industrial wastewater, despite efforts at reducing the pollution load undertaken since the 1980s. However, these efforts were dwarfed by new industrial plants, by lax enforcement and by the construction of dams further upstream so that less water was available for dilution. During the 1980s, the Guanting Reservoir was heavily polluted by the development of hotels without wastewater treatment on the shores of the reservoir, by aquaculture in the reservoir, as well as by iron ore mining in its basin. All these activities were shut down in the 1990s and 2000s to protect water quality in the reservoir. There have been substantial efforts to improve the water quality in the reservoir prior to the

text: 2008 Olympics

text: . There is little information on groundwater pollution, but some drinking water wells had to be shut down for "safety reasons".

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: industrial wastewater is polluted

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswered

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Yongding Reservoir

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2008 Olympics. There is little information on groundwater

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: industrial wastewater,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lax enforcement

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "safety reasons".

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Yongding Reservoir is heavily polluted by industrial wastewater,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: hotels without wastewater treatment on the shores of the reservoir, by aquaculture

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Yongding Reservoir is heavily polluted by industrial wastewater,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: new industrial plants, by lax enforcement and by the construction of dams

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: "safety reasons".

text: Regulations were made through the acquisition of water permits, given to persons not limited to government-owned and controlled corporations, for water appropriation and usage. Specifications were included on the maximum amount of water diverted or withdrawn, the maximum rate of diversion or withdrawal and the times during the year when water may be diverted or withdrawn. Instances may also arise where water permits are revoked on cases of non-use, violation of the conditions imposed by the Council, unauthorized sale of water, pollution and public acts detrimental to public health and safety.

text: Regulations were made through the acquisition of water permits, given to persons not limited to government-owned and controlled corporations, for water appropriation and usage. Specifications were included on the maximum amount of water diverted or withdrawn, the maximum rate of diversion or withdrawal and the times during the year when water may be diverted or withdrawn. Instances may also arise where water permits are revoked on cases of non-use, violation of the conditions imposed by the Council, unauthorized sale of water, pollution and public acts detrimental to public health and safety.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: non-use

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: public acts detrimental to public health

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Regulations were made through the acquisition of water permits,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: government-owned and controlled corporations,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: public health

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: public acts detrimental to public health and safety.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water permits,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water permits,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water permits, given to persons not limited to government-owned and controlled corporations,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: public acts detrimental to public health and safety.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Regulations were made through the acquisition of water permits,

text: The course is divided into four blocks of instruction: (1) Diving Theory, (2) Infiltration/Exfiltration Methods, (3) Open Circuit Diving Operations, and (4) Closed Circuit Diving Operations. The primary focus of AFCDC is to develop Pararescuemen/Combat Rescue Officers and Combat Controller/Special Tactics Officers into competent, capable and safe combat divers/swimmers. The course provides commanders with divers/swimmers capable of undertaking personnel recovery and special operations waterborne missions. AFCDC provides diver training through classroom instruction, extensive physical training, surface and sub-surface water confidence pool exercises, pool familiarization dives, day/night tactical open water surface/sub-surface infiltration swims, open/closed circuit diving procedures and underwater search and recovery procedures. The session culminates with a waterborne field training exercise.

text: The course is divided into four blocks of instruction: (1) Diving Theory, (2) Infiltration/Exfiltration Methods, (3)

text: Open Circuit

text: Diving Operations, and (4)

text: Closed Circuit

text: Diving Operations. The primary focus of AFCDC is to develop Pararescuemen/Combat Rescue Officers and Combat Controller/Special Tactics Officers into competent, capable and safe combat divers/swimmers. The course provides commanders with divers/swimmers capable of undertaking personnel recovery and special operations waterborne missions. AFCDC provides diver training through classroom instruction, extensive physical training, surface and sub-surface water confidence pool exercises, pool familiarization dives, day/night tactical open water surface/sub-surface infiltration swims, open/closed circuit diving procedures and underwater search and recovery procedures. The session culminates with a waterborne

text: field training exercise

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a pathogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Diving Theory, (2) Infiltration/Exfiltration Methods,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (4) Closed Circuit Diving Operations.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Infiltration/Exfiltration

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: day/night tactical open water surface/sub-surface infiltration swims,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Open Circuit Diving Operations, and (4) Closed Circuit Diving Operations.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: (4) Closed Circuit Diving Operations.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Infiltration/Exfiltration Methods,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Open Circuit Diving Operations, and (4) Closed Circuit Diving Operations.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: waterborne field training exercise.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: competent, capable and safe combat divers/swimmers.

text: The Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE) is a database system managed and used by the United States Coast Guard (USCG). The MISLE is used to store data on marine accidental and deliberate pollution and other shipping and port accidents in US territorial waters. It accounts for vessels and other facilities, like port terminals and shipyards. The system has now been operational for a few years. It was introduced in December 2001 to replace the previous Marine Safety Information System (MSIS).

text: The Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE) is a

text: database

text: system managed and used by the

text: United States Coast Guard

text: (USCG). The MISLE is used to store data on marine accidental and deliberate pollution and other shipping and port accidents in US

text: territorial waters

text: . It accounts for vessels and other facilities, like port terminals and shipyards. The system has now been operational for a few years. It was introduced in December 2001 to replace the previous

text: Marine Safety Information System

text: (MSIS).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person eats it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE)

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States Coast Guard

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: deliberate pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: marine accidental and deliberate pollution and other shipping and port accidents in US territorial waters.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: marine accidental and deliberate pollution and other shipping and port accidents in US territorial waters.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE)

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: marine accidental and deliberate pollution and other shipping and port accidents in US territorial waters.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement

text: Common waterborne diseases in Vietnam are cholera, typhoid fever, dysentery, bacterial diarrhea, and hepatitis A. In the case of Cholera, even though the number of death caused by cholera hasn’t been more than 2 since 1996, the number of reported cases of Cholera is still significantly high. Caused by drinking water contaminated by bacterium, the number of reported Cholera is well above 500, reaching 1900 in 2007, and 600 in 2010. The fatality rate of Cholera has been close to 0% since 1999. In 2009, the number of diarrhea diseases reported was 296000 in total. According to WHO, the number of water, sanitation, and hygiene attributable death in 2004 in Viet Nam was 5938. A surprising fact was that out of 5938 deaths, 4905 were children under 5 years which means that the children were the main victims of the water, sanitation and hygiene problem.

text: Common waterborne diseases in Vietnam are

text: cholera

text: typhoid fever

text: dysentery

text: bacterial diarrhea

text: , and

text: hepatitis A

text: . In the case of Cholera, even though the number of death caused by cholera hasn’t been more than 2 since 1996, the number of reported cases of Cholera is still significantly high. Caused by drinking water contaminated by bacterium, the number of reported Cholera is well above 500, reaching 1900 in 2007, and 600 in 2010. The fatality rate of Cholera has been close to 0% since 1999. In 2009, the number of diarrhea diseases reported was 296000 in total. According to WHO, the number of water, sanitation, and hygiene attributable death in 2004 in Viet Nam was 5938. A surprising fact was that out of 5938 deaths, 4905 were children under 5 years which means that the children were the main victims of the water, sanitation and hygiene problem.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacterium

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 296000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 5938.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacterium,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water contaminated by bacterium,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 4905

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 296000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: drinking water contaminated by bacterium,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 5938.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water contaminated by bacterium,

text: Water pollution is a major environmental issue in India. The largest source of water pollution in India is untreatedsewage. Other sources of pollution include agricultural runoff and unregulated small scale industry. Most rivers, lakes and surface water in India are polluted.

text: Water pollution

text: is a major environmental issue in India. The largest source of water pollution in India is untreated

text: sewage

text: . Other sources of pollution include

text: agricultural runoff

text: and unregulated small scale industry. Most rivers, lakes and surface water in India are polluted.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Most rivers, lakes and surface water in India are polluted.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water pollution is a major environmental issue in India.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreatedsewage.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: untreatedsewage.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: India.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: agricultural runoff

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: untreatedsewage.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: untreatedsewage.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water pollution is a major environmental issue in India.

text: On January 12, 2016, Dan Kildee, Democrat of Flint, said of Snyder, "It's beyond my comprehension that he continues to treat this as a public relations problem rather than as a public health emergency. Meanwhile, kids in Flint are still being exposed to high levels of lead in the water." Kildee called upon Snyder to request federal assistance, which Snyder subsequently did. Kildee, along with fellow Michigan Representative Fred Upton, also sponsored H.R. 4470, the Safe Drinking Water Act Improved Compliance Awareness Act, which will ensure that the public promptly learns of excessive lead levels in their drinking water by setting forth how and when states, EPA, and public utilities communicate their findings. It has passed the House but has yet to be passed by the Senate.

text: On January 12, 2016,

text: Dan Kildee

text: , Democrat of Flint, said of Snyder, "It's beyond my comprehension that he continues to treat this as a public relations problem rather than as a public health emergency. Meanwhile, kids in Flint are still being exposed to high levels of lead in the water." Kildee called upon Snyder to request federal assistance, which Snyder subsequently did. Kildee, along with fellow Michigan Representative

text: Fred Upton

text: , also sponsored H.R. 4470, the Safe Drinking Water Act Improved Compliance Awareness Act, which will ensure that the public promptly learns of excessive lead levels in their drinking water by setting forth how and when states, EPA, and public utilities communicate their findings. It has passed the House but has yet to be passed by the Senate.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure to high levels of lead

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: kids in Flint are still being exposed to high levels of lead

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: public health emergency.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: excessive lead levels in their drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: public relations problem rather than as a public health emergency.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: public health emergency.

text: A first flush is the initial runoff of a rainstorm. During this phase, polluted water entering storm drains in areas with high proportions of impervious surfaces is typically more concentrated compared to the remainder of the storm. Consequently, these high concentrations of urban runoff result in high levels of pollutants discharged from storm sewers to surface waters.

text: A

text: first flush

text: is the initial runoff of a rainstorm. During this phase, polluted water entering storm drains in areas with high proportions of impervious surfaces is typically more

text: concentrated

text: compared to the remainder of the storm. Consequently, these high concentrations of

text: urban runoff

text: result in high levels of pollutants discharged from storm sewers to

text: surface water

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluted water entering storm drains

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: A first flush is the initial runoff of a rainstorm.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: urban runoff

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: more concentrated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: A first flush is the initial runoff of a rainstorm.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: A first flush is the initial runoff of a rainstorm.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: A first flush is the initial runoff of a rainstorm.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: A first flush is the initial runoff of a rainstorm.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: high levels of pollutants discharged from storm sewers to surface waters.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: A first flush is the initial runoff of a rainstorm.

text: An important turning point in managing drinking water pollution in the United States occurred after passage of the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974, which required the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to conduct a study of the issue. The NAS found that there really was not a lot of information available on drinking water quality. Perhaps the most important part of the study, according to senior EPA officials responsible for implementing the 1974 law, was that it described some methodologies for doing risk assessments for chemicals that were suspected carcinogens.

text: An important turning point in managing drinking water pollution in the United States occurred after passage of the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974, which required the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to conduct a study of the issue. The NAS found that there really was not a lot of information available on drinking water quality. Perhaps the most important part of the study, according to senior EPA officials responsible for implementing the 1974 law, was that it described some methodologies for doing risk assessments for chemicals that were suspected carcinogens.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: carcinogenic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: carcinogens

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: carcinogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: An important turning point in managing drinking water pollution in the United States

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: drinking water pollution in the United States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: carcinogens.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: not a lot of information available on drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: carcinogens.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: there really was not a lot of information available on drinking water quality.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: An important turning point in managing drinking water pollution in the United States

text: In 1993, the Howard Avenue Water Purification Plant became the source of the Milwaukee Cryptosporidium outbreak, the largest documented waterborne disease outbreak in United States history.

text: In 1993, the Howard Avenue Water Purification Plant became the source of the

entity_name: 1993 Milwaukee Cryptosporidiosis outbreak

text: Milwaukee Cryptosporidium outbreak

text: , the largest documented waterborne disease outbreak in United States history.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Cryptosporidium

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Milwaukee Cryptosporidium

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water Purification Plant

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Milwaukee Cryptosporidium

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Milwaukee Cryptosporidium

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Milwaukee Cryptosporidium

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Cryptosporidium

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: largest documented waterborne disease outbreak in United States history.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Milwaukee Cryptosporidium

text: The vision of Water For People is a world where all people have access to safe drinking water and sanitation, a world where no one suffers or dies from a water- or sanitation-related disease. Around the world, 884 million people do not have access to safe drinking water and 2.6 billion are without adequate sanitation facilities. Every day, nearly 6,000 people die from water-related illnesses, and the vast majority are children.  Other failures include broken pumps and filled latrines.

text: The vision of Water For People is a world where all people have access to safe drinking water and sanitation, a world where no one suffers or dies from a water- or sanitation-related disease. Around the world, 884 million people do not have access to safe drinking water and 2.6 billion are without adequate sanitation facilities. Every day, nearly 6,000 people die from water-related illnesses, and the vast majority are children.  Other failures include broken pumps and filled latrines.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2.6 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: people do not have access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 6,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water-related illnesses

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 884 million people do not have access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2.6 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water- or sanitation-related disease.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: 2.6 billion are without adequate sanitation facilities.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Every day, nearly 6,000 people die from water-related illnesses,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 6,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: broken pumps and filled latrines.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 884 million people do not have access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 2.6 billion are without adequate sanitation facilities.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 6,000 people die from water-related illnesses,

text: Water crisis in Iran refers to the problems which due to the water scarcity occur in Iran. Water scarcity can be a result of two mechanisms: physical (absolute) water scarcity and economic water scarcity, where physical water scarcity is a result of inadequate natural water resources to supply a region's demand, and economic water scarcity is a result of poor management of the sufficient available water resources. Iran is encountered to both problems.

text: Water crisis in Iran refers to the problems which due to the

text: water scarcity

text: occur in

text: Iran

text: . Water scarcity can be a result of two mechanisms:

text: physical (absolute) water scarcity

text: and

text: economic water scarcity

text: , where physical water scarcity is a result of inadequate natural water resources to supply a region's demand, and economic water scarcity is a result of poor management of the sufficient available water resources. Iran is encountered to both problems.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water crisis in Iran

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (absolute)

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: physical (absolute) water scarcity and economic water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: poor management of the sufficient available water resources.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water crisis in Iran

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Iran

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: physical (absolute) water scarcity and economic water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water crisis in Iran

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water scarcity

text: For waterborne disease reduction to last, water treatment programs that research and development groups start in developing countries must be sustainable by the citizens of those countries. This can ensure the efficiency of such programs after the departure of the research team, as monitoring is difficult because of the remoteness of many locations.

text: For waterborne disease reduction to last, water treatment programs that research and development groups start in

text: developing countries

text: must be sustainable by the citizens of those countries. This can ensure the efficiency of such programs after the departure of the research team, as monitoring is difficult because of the remoteness of many locations.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than 10%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: For waterborne disease reduction

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developing countries

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: monitoring is difficult because of the remoteness of many locations.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: developing countries

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water treatment programs that research and development groups start in developing countries

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water treatment programs

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water treatment programs

text: Calculating the TMDL for any given body of water involves the combination of factors that contribute to the problem of nutrient concentrated runoff.  Bodies of water are tested for contaminants based on their intended use.  Each body of water is tested similarly but designated with a different TMDL. Drinking water reservoirs are designated differently from areas for public swimming and water bodies intended for fishing are designated differently from water located in wildlife conservation areas.  The size of the water body also is taken into consideration when TMDL calculating is undertaken.  The larger the body of water, the greater the amounts of contaminants can be present and still maintain a Margin of Safety.  The Margin of Safety (MOS) is numeric estimate included in the TMDL calculation, sometimes 10% of the TMDL, intended to allow a safety buffer between the calculated TMDL and the actual load that will allow the water body to meet it's beneficial use (since the natural world is complex and several variables may alter future conditions).  TMDL is the end product of all point and non-point source pollutants of a single contaminant.  Pollutants that originate from a point source are given allowable levels of contaminants to be discharged; this is the Waste Load Allocation (WLA).  Nonpoint source pollutants are also calculated into the TMDL equation with Load Allocation (LA).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: nutrient concentrated runoff

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: nutrient concentrated runoff.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: swimming

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminant.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: nutrient concentrated runoff.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Drinking water reservoirs are designated differently from areas for public swimming

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: nutrient concentrated runoff.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: nutrient concentrated runoff.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: swimming

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: nutrient concentrated runoff.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Bodies of water are tested for contaminants based on their intended use.

text: Historically, water sources in Bangladesh came from surface water contaminated with bacteria. As a result of drinking infected water, infants and children suffered from acute gastrointestinal disease, causing significant burden of mortality. During the 1970s, UNICEF worked with the Department of Public Health Engineering to install tube-wells, which drew water from underground aquifers, to provide a presumably safe source of water for the nation. The wells consist of tubes 5 cm in diameter that were inserted less than 200 m into the ground, and capped with an iron or steel hand pump. At that time, standard water testing procedures did not include arsenic testing. This lack of precaution led to one of the largest mass poisoning of a population twenty years later because the ground water used for drinking is naturally contaminated with arsenic. Because arsenic has no taste, no smell, and no color, its long term health risks can be harder for the inhabitants to grasp compared to the immediate threats caused by diarrhoea. Nonetheless, intervention measures such as awareness programs and painting tube-wells red if the water is above the government limit of 50 ppb arsenic (green otherwise) have seen success. As of 2010, 80% of Bangladeshis recognize arsenic as a problem. Available options for providing safe drinking water include deep wells, traditional dug wells, treatment of surface water, and rainwater harvesting. Between 2000 and 2009, more than 160,000 safe water devices have been installed in arsenic-affected regions of Bangladesh.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: diarrhoe

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: acute gastrointestinal disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: one of the largest mass poisoning

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: diarrhoea.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: acute gastrointestinal disease,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: infants and children suffered from acute gastrointestinal disease,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: acute gastrointestinal disease,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: arsenic.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: tube-wells,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: arsenic testing.

text: According to the International Maritime Organisation oil spills can have serious effects on marine life. The OILPOL Convention recognized that most oil pollution resulted from routine shipboard operations such as the cleaning of cargo tanks.  In the 1950s, the normal practice was simply to wash the tanks out with water and then pump the resulting mixture of oil and water into the sea. OILPOL 54   prohibited the dumping of oily wastes within a certain distance from land and in 'special areas' where the danger to the environment was especially acute. In 1962 the limits were extended by means of an amendment adopted at a conference organized by IMO. Meanwhile, IMO in 1965 set up a Subcommittee on Oil Pollution, under the auspices of its Maritime Safety committee, to address oil pollution issues.

text: According to the International Maritime Organisation oil spills can have serious effects on marine life. The OILPOL Convention recognized that most oil pollution resulted from routine shipboard operations such as the cleaning of cargo tanks.  In the 1950s, the normal practice was simply to wash the tanks out with water and then pump the resulting mixture of oil and water into the sea. OILPOL 54   prohibited the dumping of oily wastes within a certain distance from land and in 'special areas' where the danger to the environment was especially acute. In 1962 the limits were extended by means of an amendment adopted at a conference organized by IMO. Meanwhile, IMO in 1965 set up a Subcommittee on Oil Pollution, under the auspices of its Maritime Safety committee, to address oil pollution issues.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oil spills

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: oil spills can have serious effects on marine life.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: International Maritime Organisation

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: marine life.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oil spills

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: International Maritime Organisation

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: International Maritime Organisation

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: oil spills can have serious effects on marine life.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: International Maritime Organisation

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: oil spills can have serious effects on marine life.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: oil spills can have serious effects on marine life.

text: The route of transmission is important to epidemiologists because patterns of contact vary between different populations and different groups of populations depending on socio-economic, cultural and other features. For example, low personal and food hygiene due to the lack of a clean water supply may result in increased transmission of diseases by the fecal-oral route, such as cholera. Differences in incidence of such diseases between different groups can also throw light on the routes of transmission of the disease. For example, if it is noted that polio is more common in cities in underdeveloped countries, without a clean water supply, than in cities with a good plumbing system, we might advance the theory that polio is spread by the fecal-oral route. It can be minimised to a certain extent if we all consider being sure of what we do.

text: The route of transmission is important to

text: epidemiologists

text: because patterns of contact vary between different populations and different groups of populations depending on socio-economic, cultural and other features. For example, low personal and food hygiene due to the lack of a clean water supply may result in increased transmission of diseases by the fecal-oral route, such as

text: cholera

text: . Differences in incidence of such diseases between different groups can also throw light on the routes of transmission of the disease. For example, if it is noted that

text: polio

text: is more common in cities in underdeveloped countries, without a clean water supply, than in cities with a good plumbing system, we might advance the theory that polio is spread by the fecal-oral route. It can be minimised to a certain extent if we all consider being sure of what we do.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: underdeveloped countries

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: low personal and food hygiene

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: cholera.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: underdeveloped

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: transmission

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: low personal and food hygiene due to the lack of a clean water supply

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: cholera.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: cholera.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: fecal-oral route,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: if we all consider being sure of what we do.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: low personal and food hygiene due to the lack of a clean water supply

text: Drinking water & beverage facilities: Multi Oxidant is a proven disinfectant for improving the quality and safety of drinking water with significant economic savings. For providing clean, safe drinking water ranges from rural communities to large cities. Also providing clean, safe water at food and beverage facilities.  It's Ideally suited for carbonated soft drinks bottling, Brewing, Dairy Farms and Dairy and Food Processing applications.

text: Drinking water & beverage facilities: Multi Oxidant is a proven disinfectant for improving the quality and safety of drinking water with significant economic savings. For providing clean, safe drinking water ranges from rural communities to large cities. Also providing clean, safe water at food and beverage facilities.  It's Ideally suited for carbonated

text: soft drinks

text: bottling,

text: Brewing

text: Dairy

text: Farms and Dairy and

text: Food Processing

text: applications.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Multi Oxidant

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: rural communities to large cities.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disinfectant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: disinfectant

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Multi Oxidant

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Multi Oxidant

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Multi Oxidant

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Multi Oxidant

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Multi Oxidant

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: clean, safe drinking water ranges from rural communities to large cities.

text: In December 2011, federal environment officials scientifically linked underground water pollution with hydraulic fracturing for the first time in central Wyoming. The EPA officials commented that the water supply contained at least 10 compounds known to be used in frack fluids. The findings in the report contradicted conventional arguments by the drilling industry on the safety of the fracturing process, such as the hydrologic pressure that naturally forces fluids downwards instead of upwards. The EPA also commented that the pollution from 33 abandoned oil and gas waste pits are responsible for some degree of minor groundwater pollution in the vicinity.

text: In December 2011, federal environment officials scientifically linked underground water pollution with hydraulic fracturing for the first time in central Wyoming. The EPA officials commented that the water supply contained at least 10 compounds known to be used in frack fluids. The findings in the report contradicted conventional arguments by the drilling industry on the safety of the fracturing process, such as the hydrologic pressure that naturally forces fluids downwards instead of upwards. The EPA also commented that the pollution from 33 abandoned oil and gas waste pits are responsible for some degree of minor groundwater pollution in the vicinity.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In December 2011,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2011,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: underground water pollution with hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: federal environment officials scientifically linked underground water pollution with hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 10

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 10 compounds known to be used in frack fluids.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: federal environment officials scientifically linked underground water pollution with hydraulic fracturing

text: Companies like OMS and Zeagle, through the special requirements of public safety diving, have developed products specific for the task such as the OMS chemically resistant BCs, for diving in polluted water or HAZMAT conditions and Zeagle’s SAR and 911 variation of their Ranger model BCD that have features like harness for helicopter lifts and swift-water work.

text: Companies like OMS and Zeagle, through the special requirements of public safety diving, have developed products specific for the task such as the OMS chemically resistant BCs, for diving in polluted water or

text: HAZMAT

text: conditions and Zeagle’s SAR and 911 variation of their Ranger model BCD that have features like harness for helicopter lifts and swift-water work.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: diving in polluted water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Companies like OMS and Zeagle,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: chemically resistant BCs, for diving in polluted

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: OMS chemically resistant BCs,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: OMS chemically resistant BCs, for diving in polluted water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: polluted water or HAZMAT conditions

text: On Jul 31, 2003, ten workers in the factory died due to a blast which occurred when leaking water accidentally got mixed with hot molten steel. This raised a question mark on the safety measures employed in the plant. It is also alleged that despite employing pollution treatment plants, the effluents discharged from the company is polluting the Bhadra river.

text: On Jul 31, 2003, ten workers in the factory died due to a blast which occurred when leaking water accidentally got mixed with hot molten steel. This raised a question mark on the safety measures employed in the plant. It is also alleged that despite employing pollution treatment plants, the effluents discharged from the company is polluting the

text: Bhadra river

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hot molten steel

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Bhadra river

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Bhadra river.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2003,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluting the Bhadra river.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hot molten steel.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: leaking water accidentally got mixed with hot molten steel.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Bhadra river.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Bhadra river.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: leaking water accidentally got mixed with hot molten steel.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: pollution treatment plants,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: leaking water accidentally got mixed with hot molten steel.

text: In one outbreak at an international scout jamboree in the Netherlands, each person with gastroenteritis infected an average of 14 people before increased hygiene measures were put in place. Even after these new measures were enacted, an ill person still infected an average of 2.1 other people. A US CDC study of 11 outbreaks in New York State lists the suspected mode of transmission as person-to-person in seven outbreaks, foodborne in two, waterborne in one, and one unknown. The source of waterborne outbreaks may include water from municipal supplies, wells, recreational lakes, swimming pools and ice machines.

text: In one outbreak at an international scout jamboree in the Netherlands, each person with gastroenteritis infected an average of 14 people before increased hygiene measures were put in place. Even after these new measures were enacted, an ill person still infected an average of 2.1 other people. A US

text: CDC

text: study of 11 outbreaks in New York State lists the suspected

text: mode of transmission

text: as person-to-person in seven outbreaks, foodborne in two, waterborne in one, and one unknown. The source of waterborne outbreaks may include water from municipal supplies, wells, recreational lakes, swimming pools and ice machines.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: foodborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: person-to-person

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.1

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: gastroenteritis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In one outbreak at an international scout jamboree

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2.1

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: foodborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: person-to-person

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: municipal supplies, wells, recreational lakes, swimming pools and ice machines.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.1

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: swimming pools and ice machines.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: foodborne in two, waterborne

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: increased hygiene measures

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: municipal supplies, wells, recreational lakes, swimming pools and ice machines.

text: In order for an army to be in good fighting condition, it must maintain the health of its soldiers.  One way of doing this is knowing the proper location to set up camp.  Military camps were not to be set up in any sort of marshy region.  Marsh lands tend to have standing water, which can draw in mosquitos.  Mosquitos in turn can carry deadly disease, such as malaria.  As the camp and troops were needed to be moved, the troops would be wearing heavy soled shoes in order to prevent wear on soldiers’ feet.  Waterborne illness has also remained an issue throughout the centuries.  When soldiers would look for water they would be searching for some sort of natural spring, or other form of flowing water.  When water sources were found, any type of rotting wood, or plant material, would be removed before the water was used for drinking.  If these features could not be removed, then water would be drawn from a different part of the source.  By doing this the soldiers were more likely to be drinking from a safe source of water.  Thus, water borne bacteria had a less chance of making soldiers ill.  One process used to check for dirty water, was to moisten a fine white linen cloth with the water and leave it out to dry.  If the cloth had any type of stain, it would be considered to be diseased.  If the cloth was clean, the water was healthy and drinkable.  Fresh water also assists with sewage disposal, as well as wound care.  Thus, a source of fresh water was a preemptive measure taken to defeat disease and keep men healthy once they were wounded.

text: In order for an army to be in good fighting condition, it must maintain the health of its soldiers.  One way of doing this is knowing the proper location to set up

text: camp

text: .  Military camps were not to be set up in any sort of

text: marsh

text: y region.

text: Marsh

text: lands tend to have standing water, which can draw in

text: mosquito

text: s.  Mosquitos in turn can carry deadly disease, such as

text: malaria

text: .  As the camp and troops were needed to be moved, the troops would be wearing heavy soled shoes in order to prevent wear on soldiers’ feet.  Waterborne illness has also remained an issue throughout the centuries.  When soldiers would look for water they would be searching for some sort of natural spring, or other form of flowing water.  When water sources were found, any type of rotting wood, or plant material, would be removed before the water was used for drinking.  If these features could not be removed, then water would be drawn from a different part of the source.  By doing this the soldiers were more likely to be drinking from a safe source of water.  Thus,

text: water borne bacteria

text: had a less chance of making soldiers ill.  One process used to check for dirty water, was to moisten a fine white linen cloth with the water and leave it out to dry.  If the cloth had any type of stain, it would be considered to be diseased.  If the cloth was clean, the water was healthy and drinkable.  Fresh water also assists with

text: sewage

text: disposal, as well as wound care.  Thus, a source of fresh water was a preemptive measure taken to defeat disease and keep men healthy once they were wounded.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: mosquitos can carry deadly disease

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: malaria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: spring, or other form of flowing water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: natural spring,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: deadly disease,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: mosquitos.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Waterborne illness

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: malaria.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: malaria.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: rotting wood, or plant material,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: rotting wood, or plant material,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water borne bacteria

text: Belingogo is best known to many other people as educational zone due to the increasing number of high educationalists in the community. They are proud to have owned to themselves graduates from most of the top tertiary institutions in Ghana who also occupy meaningful jobs and positions in Ghana and Africa at large. If it were left unto every constituency and their respective communities to manage his own affairs, Belingogo would have had nothing to worry about since they have all the necessary human sector needed for any development. They have professional managers who have all the required skills in managing any available human resource, always ready to exercise self supervision, self monitoring and evaluations, self-discipline, honesty, dedication and hard work. They got also, reliable accountants who are well equip with banking skills with four to five years working experience who also apply to its fullest, modern system of banking securities as well as safety from internet fraudsters. Engineering is not left out in Belingogo as it is the backbone for the development of any nation, there are engineers in the community who underwent several years of intensive studies in the engineering field who apply safety techniques in their work, are able to apply what they have learned in their daily activities. For the seek of safety and reliability in electrical wiring, people travel all the way from Garu and many other places to fetch electricians from Belingogo to do their wiring for them simply because of the exceptional experience those electrical engineers in the community got. Overwhelming messages of recommendations always become a companion in the lives of the Agricultural engineers in terms of ranking. In fact,as the whole world solely depends on Agriculture for its food stuff, some of the youth were advised to study much into agriculture to boots food productivity to help reduce poverty and hunger and they paid heed to exactly that. The people in this community scarcely ran into a lost during any farming season because of the reports and advice on climate changes, weather forecast and rainfall pattern that they receives from their own produced agricultural engineers. Belingogo has a meaningful record to write home about when to talk of health sector workers. There are public Nurses in the community who give assistance to all and sundry by teaching them how to prevent some silent killer diseases like cholera, malaria, yellow fever and many more. They teaches how to keep the environment clean and free from disease causing organisms like housefly and mosquitoes. The mentally challenged are not left behind as they have psychiatric nurses who are specialized in that field to take care of them without any calamities. In the recent calls of the youth in the community on the District assembly to provide extra sources of water, as well as the government's fulfillment on his earlier promise and commitment to providing good drinking water for all, two additional boreholes were provided to the people in the community in June, 2013 and January 2016 respectively. This move for development has in diverse ways helped improve the health of the people as well as the reduction of long hours that women, boys and girls used to spend on long queues at the expense of doing other assignments just to wait for their turn to access drinking water.

text: Belingogo is best known to many other people as educational zone due to the increasing number of high educationalists in the community. They are proud to have owned to themselves graduates from most of the top tertiary institutions in

text: Ghana

text: who also occupy meaningful jobs and positions in

text: Ghana

text: and

text: Africa

text: at large. If it were left unto every constituency and their respective communities to manage his own affairs, Belingogo would have had nothing to worry about since they have all the necessary human sector needed for any development. They have professional

text: managers

text: who have all the required skills in managing any available human resource, always ready to exercise self supervision, self monitoring and evaluations, self-discipline, honesty, dedication and hard work. They got also, reliable

text: accountants

text: who are well equip with banking skills with four to five years working experience who also apply to its fullest, modern system of banking securities as well as safety from internet fraudsters.

text: Engineering

text: is not left out in Belingogo as it is the backbone for the development of any nation, there are engineers in the community who underwent several years of intensive studies in the engineering field who apply safety techniques in their work, are able to apply what they have learned in their daily activities. For the seek of safety and reliability in electrical wiring, people travel all the way from Garu and many other places to fetch electricians from Belingogo to do their wiring for them simply because of the exceptional experience those

text: electrical engineers

text: in the community got. Overwhelming messages of recommendations always become a companion in the lives of the

text: Agricultural engineers

text: in terms of ranking. In fact,as the whole world solely depends on Agriculture for its food stuff, some of the youth were advised to study much into

text: agriculture

text: to boots food productivity to help reduce poverty and hunger and they paid heed to exactly that. The people in this community scarcely ran into a lost during any farming season because of the reports and advice on climate changes, weather forecast and rainfall pattern that they receives from their own produced agricultural engineers. Belingogo has a meaningful record to write home about when to talk of

text: health sector

text: workers. There are public

text: Nurses

text: in the community who give assistance to all and sundry by teaching them how to prevent some silent killer diseases like cholera, malaria, yellow fever and many more. They teaches how to keep the environment clean and free from disease causing organisms like housefly and mosquitoes. The mentally challenged are not left behind as they have

text: psychiatric nurses

text: who are specialized in that field to take care of them without any calamities. In the recent calls of the youth in the community on the District assembly to provide extra sources of water, as well as the government's fulfillment on his earlier promise and commitment to providing good drinking water for all, two additional boreholes were provided to the people in the community in June, 2013 and January 2016 respectively. This move for development has in diverse ways helped improve the health of the people as well as the reduction of long hours that women, boys and girls used to spend on long queues at the expense of doing other assignments just to wait for their turn to access drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: silent killer diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a silent killer

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Why do people travel all the way from Garu and many other places to fetch electricians from Belingogo?

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Belingogo has a meaningful record to write home about when to talk of health sector workers

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Belingogo

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Agriculture

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: silent killer diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: silent killer diseases

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: cholera, malaria,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: cholera,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: cholera, malaria

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: cholera,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: cholera,

text: To maintain high quality of food and comply with health, safety and environmental regulatory standards it is best to rely on food contaminant testing through an independent third party such as laboratories, certification companies or similar. For manufacturers the testing for food contaminants can minimize the risk of noncompliance in relation to raw ingredients, semi-manufactured foods and final products. Also, food contaminant testing assures consumers safety and quality of purchased food products and can prevent foodborne diseases, and chemical, microbiological, or physical food hazards.

text: To maintain high quality of food and comply with health, safety and environmental regulatory standards it is best to rely on food contaminant testing through an independent third party such as laboratories, certification companies or similar. For manufacturers the testing for food contaminants can minimize the risk of noncompliance in relation to raw ingredients, semi-manufactured foods and final products. Also, food contaminant testing assures consumers

text: safety

text: and quality of purchased food products and can prevent

text: foodborne diseases

text: , and chemical, microbiological, or physical food hazards.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbiological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: foodborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: To maintain high quality of food

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: food and comply with health, safety and environmental regulatory standards

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: foodborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: foodborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: foodborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: foodborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: foodborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: foodborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: foodborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: food contaminant testing

text: States have primary responsibility for implementing NPS water pollution regulations. Both the CZMA and the CWA direct the states to draft and implement NPS plans, and the federal government plays a limited role. As noted in the previous section on federal regulations, the CWA and CZMA provide financing for states to implement NPS programs, and those NPS programs have taken a variety of forms.  The majority of state plans rely on education and technical assistance, including the development of best management practices, to reduce NPS water pollution. Local governments also have an important role to play in NPS regulation. Local municipality, water conservation districts and other entities with land management responsibility provide planning, zoning, and technical and informational assistance to control NPS pollution. While the approaches states and local governments have taken to regulating NPS water pollution are perhaps too numerous to count, a survey of a few state approaches can provide insight on common NPS implementation plans.

text: States have primary responsibility for implementing NPS water pollution regulations. Both the CZMA and the CWA direct the states to draft and implement NPS plans, and the federal government plays a limited role. As noted in the previous section on federal regulations, the CWA and CZMA provide financing for states to implement NPS programs, and those NPS programs have taken a variety of forms.  The majority of state plans rely on education and technical assistance, including the development of best management practices, to reduce NPS water pollution. Local governments also have an important role to play in NPS regulation. Local municipality, water conservation districts and other entities with land management responsibility provide planning, zoning, and technical and informational assistance to control NPS pollution. While the approaches states and local governments have taken to regulating NPS water pollution are perhaps too numerous to count, a survey of a few state approaches can provide insight on common NPS implementation plans.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: States

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: CZMA

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NPS water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: CZMA

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: best management practices,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: States have primary responsibility for implementing NPS water pollution regulations.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: education and technical assistance,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: States

text: Safe water one of the eight Millennium Development Goals: Target 7.C; "Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation",focused on increasing access to an ‘improved water source’ and to ‘improved sanitation’. Yet even having access to an ‘improved water source’ does not guarantee the water's quality, as it could lack proper treatment, become contaminated during transport or even home storage. A study found that estimates of safe water, if accounting for water quality, could be dramatically reduce the proportion of a population with access to safe water, especially if the water sources were poorly maintained.

text: Safe water one of the eight

text: Millennium Development Goals

entity_section: Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability

text: Target 7.C

text: ; "Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation",focused on increasing access to an ‘

text: improved water source

text: ’ and to ‘

text: improved sanitation

text: ’. Yet even having access to an ‘improved water source’ does not guarantee the water's quality, as it could lack proper treatment, become contaminated during transport or even home storage. A study found that estimates of safe water, if accounting for water quality, could be dramatically reduce the proportion of a population with access to safe water, especially if the water sources were poorly maintained.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it could lack proper treatment

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminated

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated during transport or even home storage.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated during transport or even home storage.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminated during transport or even home storage.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated during transport or even home storage.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: ‘improved water source’ does not guarantee the water's quality,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: it could lack proper treatment, become contaminated during transport or even home storage.

text: Thailand's Pollution Control Department reports divide the country into five main geographical regions: north, northeast, central, south, and east. Thailand has a total of 25 river basins in the country and Thailand's annual rainfall is around 1,700 mm. Despite the annual southwest monsoon, Thailand is subject to drought, particularly the northeastern region. As of 2002, Thailand had less water available per person than any other country in Asia, and nearly one-third of its water was "unsuitable for human consumption." Non-potable water was a result of increasing untreated domestic sewage, industrial waste water, and solid hazardous wastes. This is a critical environmental problem for Thailand. Like air pollution, water pollution is most serious in the populous central region, with high levels of industrial and domestic waste water.

text: Thailand's Pollution Control Department reports divide the country into five main geographical

text: regions

text: north

text: northeast

text: central

text: south

text: , and

text: east

text: . Thailand has a total of 25 river basins in the country and Thailand's annual rainfall is around 1,700 mm. Despite the annual southwest

text: monsoon

text: Thailand

text: is subject to drought, particularly the northeastern region. As of 2002, Thailand had less water available per person than any other country in Asia, and nearly one-third of its water was "unsuitable for human consumption." Non-potable water was a result of increasing untreated domestic sewage, industrial waste water, and solid hazardous wastes. This is a critical environmental problem for Thailand. Like air pollution, water pollution is most serious in the populous central region, with high levels of industrial and domestic waste water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one-third

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated domestic sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: untreated domestic sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Thailand had less water available per person than any other country in Asia,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one-third

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sewage,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated domestic sewage,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: untreated domestic sewage,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: one-third

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: untreated domestic sewage,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: nearly one-third of its water was "unsuitable for human consumption."

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: untreated domestic sewage,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: nearly one-third of its water was "unsuitable for human consumption."

text: Water safety plans are considered by the WHO as the most effective means of maintaining a safe supply of drinking water to the public. Their use should ensure that water is safe for all forms of human consumption and that it meets regulatory water standards relating to human health. ("Consumption" includes not only drinking per se, but also other forms of ordinary contact, such as bathing, dishwashing, and inhaling aerosolised water droplets.) Comprehensive risk assessment and risk management form the backbone of these plans, which aim to steer management of drinking water-related health risks away from end-of-pipe monitoring and response.

text: Water safety plans are considered by the WHO as the most effective means of maintaining a safe supply of

text: drinking water

text: to the public. Their use should ensure that water is safe for all forms of human consumption and that it meets regulatory water standards relating to human health. ("Consumption" includes not only drinking per se, but also other forms of ordinary contact, such as bathing, dishwashing, and inhaling aerosolised water droplets.) Comprehensive

text: risk assessment

text: and

text: risk management

text: form the backbone of these plans, which aim to steer management of drinking water-related health risks away from end-of-pipe monitoring and response.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is unsafe

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water safety plans

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: WHO as the most effective means of maintaining a safe supply of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: human health.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: inhaling aerosolised water droplets.)

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water safety plans

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: WHO as the most effective means of maintaining a safe supply of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: inhaling aerosolised water droplets.)

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water safety plans

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water safety plans

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water safety plans

text: Ecologically, the construction of the dam most greatly affected the environment of the region in three ways. Firstly, it altered aquatic habitats via the elevation of the water level and the flooding of previously dry areas, which produced chemical changes in the water, including a drop in water oxygen levels. Besides, the alteration of the streams of water affected the dynamics of the floating vegetation that in the system Iberá is the habitat of many endemic species. The more calm water behind the dam has also allowed the spread of waterborne diseases and disease vectors, such as schistosomiasis, dengue fever and malaria.

text: Ecologically, the construction of the dam most greatly affected the environment of the region in three ways. Firstly, it altered aquatic habitats via the elevation of the water level and the flooding of previously dry areas, which produced chemical changes in the water, including a drop in water oxygen levels. Besides, the alteration of the streams of water affected the dynamics of the floating vegetation that in the system Iberá is the habitat of many endemic species. The more calm water behind the dam has also allowed the spread of waterborne diseases and disease vectors, such as

text: schistosomiasis

text: dengue fever

text: and

text: malaria

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: vectors

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dengue fever

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Iberá

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease vectors,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: schistosomiasis, dengue fever and malaria.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: schistosomiasis, dengue fever and malaria.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: schistosomiasis, dengue fever and malaria.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: schistosomiasis, dengue fever and malaria.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: dam has also allowed the spread of waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: waterborne diseases

text: Within the current regulatory framework, Pollution Prevention and Control (PPC) is a regime for controlling pollution from certain industrial activities. The regime introduces the concept of Best Available Techniques ("BAT") to environmental regulations. Operators must use the BAT to control pollution from their industrial activities to prevent, and where that is not practicable, to reduce to acceptable levels, pollution to air, land and water from industrial activities. The Best Available Techniques also aim to balance the cost to the operator against benefits to the environment.The system of Pollution Prevention and Control is replacing that of Integrated Pollution Control (IPC) (which was established by the Environmental Protection Act 1990) and is taking effect between 2000 and 2007. The Pollution Prevention and Control regime implements the European Directive (EC/96/61) on integrated pollution prevention and control.

text: Within the current regulatory framework, Pollution Prevention and Control (PPC) is a regime for controlling pollution from certain industrial activities. The regime introduces the concept of

text: Best Available Techniques

text: ("BAT") to environmental regulations. Operators must use the BAT to control pollution from their industrial activities to prevent, and where that is not practicable, to reduce to acceptable levels, pollution to air, land and water from industrial activities. The Best Available Techniques also aim to balance the cost to the operator against benefits to the environment.The system of Pollution Prevention and Control is replacing that of Integrated Pollution Control (IPC) (which was established by the Environmental Protection Act 1990) and is taking effect between 2000 and 2007. The Pollution Prevention and Control regime implements the European Directive (EC/96/61) on integrated pollution prevention and control.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution from certain industrial activities

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2000 and 2007.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2007.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Best Available Techniques

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Pollution Prevention and Control

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2007.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: industrial activities.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Integrated Pollution Control

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: pollution to air, land and water from industrial activities.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Pollution Prevention and Control

text: In 2011 the organization announced that they would set up safe drinking water plants for the poor people who don't have easy access to safe drinking water. Earlier they had set up NTR Sujala Pathakam project that aimed at providing safe drinking water to 50,000 people.

text: In 2011 the organization announced that they would set up safe drinking water plants for the poor people who don't have easy access to safe drinking water. Earlier they had set up NTR Sujala Pathakam project that aimed at providing safe drinking water to 50,000 people.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 5%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: people don't have access to safe water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 50,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Sujala Pathakam

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 50,000

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: easy access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 50,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: poor people who don't have easy access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: safe drinking water plants

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: poor people who don't have easy access to safe drinking water.

text: Water scarcity is the lack of sufficient available water resources to meet water needs within a region. It affects every continent and around 2.8 billion people around the world at least one month out of every year. More than 1.2 billion people lack access to clean drinking water.

text: Water scarcity is the lack of sufficient available water resources to meet

text: water needs

text: within a region. It affects every continent and around 2.8 billion people around the world at least one month out of every year. More than 1.2 billion people lack access to clean drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1.2

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.2 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1.2 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: More than 1.2 billion people lack access to clean drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: More than 1.2 billion people lack access to clean drinking water.

text: During 2015 and 2016, massive city improvements have taken place as part of a province-wide initiative called 双创 ("double create"). It is described by government sources as a campaign to create a cleaner city and create a more civilized city. It is focused on traffic and commerce, but has also improved the overall appearance of the city, tackling air pollution from industry emissions, aiming to ensure the safety of drinking water sources, improving public security in such places as hospitals, schools, malls, and visitor attractions. Details of these improvements include:

text: During 2015 and 2016, massive city improvements have taken place as part of a province-wide initiative called 双创 ("double create"). It is described by government sources as a campaign to create a cleaner city and create a more civilized city. It is focused on traffic and commerce, but has also improved the overall appearance of the city, tackling air pollution from industry emissions, aiming to ensure the safety of drinking water sources, improving public security in such places as hospitals, schools, malls, and visitor attractions. Details of these improvements include:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a pathogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2016,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: air pollution from industry emissions,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: industry emissions,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: safety of drinking water sources,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: aiming to ensure the safety of drinking water sources,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: aiming to ensure the safety of drinking water sources,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: aiming to ensure the safety of drinking water sources,

text: Regulatory regimes may also use definitions to reflect policy decisions, excluding certain classes of materials from the definition of water pollution that would otherwise be considered to constitute water pollution. For example, the U.S. Clean Water Act definition quoted above later excludes sewage discharged from vessels (further information at Regulation of ship pollution in the United States) - meaning that a common and important class of water pollution is, by definition, not considered a pollutant for purposes of the United States' primary water quality law.

text: Regulatory regimes may also use definitions to reflect policy decisions, excluding certain classes of materials from the definition of water pollution that would otherwise be considered to constitute water pollution. For example, the U.S. Clean Water Act definition quoted above later excludes sewage discharged from vessels (further information at

entity_name: Regulation of ship pollution in the United States

text: Regulation of ship pollution in the United States

text: ) - meaning that a common and important class of

text: water pollution

text: is, by definition, not considered a pollutant for purposes of the United States' primary water quality law.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage discharged from vessels

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Regulatory regimes

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: U.S. Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Regulatory regimes may also use definitions to reflect policy decisions,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Regulatory regimes

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: U.S. Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Regulatory regimes

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Regulatory regimes

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Regulatory regimes

text: There is increasing concern over the health effects of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) released into the natural environment. One potential indirect exposure route is through the consumption of contaminated drinking waters. In order to address these concerns, the U.K. Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI) has published a "Review of the risks posed to drinking water by man-made nanoparticles" (DWI 70/2/246). The study, which was funded by the Department for Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), was undertaken by the Food and Environment Research Agency (Fera) in collaboration with a multi-disciplinary team of experts including scientists from the Institute of Occupational Medicine/SAFENANO. The study explored the potential for ENPs to contaminate drinking water supplies and to establish the significance of the drinking water exposure route compared to other routes of exposure.

text: There is increasing concern over the health effects of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) released into the natural environment. One potential indirect exposure route is through the consumption of contaminated drinking waters. In order to address these concerns, the U.K.

text: Drinking Water Inspectorate

text: (DWI) has published a "Review of the risks posed to drinking water by man-made nanoparticles" (DWI 70/2/246). The study, which was funded by the Department for Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), was undertaken by the Food and Environment Research Agency (Fera) in collaboration with a multi-disciplinary team of experts including scientists from the

text: Institute of Occupational Medicine

text: /SAFENANO. The study explored the potential for ENPs to contaminate drinking water supplies and to establish the significance of the drinking water exposure route compared to other routes of exposure.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: man-made

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: There is increasing concern over the health effects of engineered nanoparticles

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: U.K. Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: indirect exposure route is through the consumption of contaminated drinking waters.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated drinking waters.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated drinking waters.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: contaminated drinking waters.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminated drinking waters.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated drinking waters.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: contaminated drinking waters.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: contaminated drinking waters.

text: The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, or Clean Water Act (CWA), is the principal U.S. law concerned with limiting polluting activity in the nation’s streams, lakes, estuaries, and coastal waters. The act’s primary mechanism for controlling pollutant discharges is the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program, authorized in Section 402. In accordance with the NPDES program, pollutant discharges from point sources — a term that includes vessels — are prohibited unless a permit has been obtained. While sewage is defined as a pollutant under the act, sewage from vessels is exempt from this statutory definition and is therefore exempt from the requirement to obtain an NPDES permit. Further, EPA regulations implementing the NPDES permit program provide that “discharges incidental to the normal operation of vessels” are excluded from regulation and thus from permit requirements. However, a 2006 federal court ruling could result in changes to these regulations that would remove the current permitting exemption (see discussion of "Ballast water").

text: The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, or

text: Clean Water Act

text: (CWA), is the principal U.S. law concerned with limiting polluting activity in the nation’s

text: stream

text: s,

text: lake

text: s,

text: estuaries

text: , and

text: coastal waters

text: . The act’s primary mechanism for controlling pollutant discharges is the

entity_section: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

text: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

text: (NPDES) program, authorized in Section 402. In accordance with the NPDES program, pollutant discharges from

text: point sources

text: — a term that includes vessels — are prohibited unless a permit has been obtained. While

text: sewage

text: is defined as a pollutant under the act, sewage from vessels is exempt from this statutory definition and is therefore exempt from the requirement to obtain an NPDES permit. Further, EPA regulations implementing the NPDES permit program provide that “discharges incidental to the normal operation of vessels” are excluded from regulation and thus from permit requirements. However, a 2006 federal court ruling could result in changes to these regulations that would remove the current permitting exemption (see discussion of "

text: Ballast water

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sewage from vessels

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Federal Water Pollution Control Act,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Clean Water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sewage is defined as a pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, or Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Federal Water Pollution Control Act,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Federal Water Pollution Control Act,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Federal Water Pollution Control Act,

text: Especially in respect of drinking water production, deep-water aeration allows a significant reduction of production costs and facilitates further technical treatment of the hypolimnic water. Since water for drinking water production is drawn from below the thermocline in most reservoirs, an improved hypolimnic water quality has direct influence on the production of drinking water. With regard to the applicable limiting values of drinking water regulations, the following effects can be achieved via deep-water aeration:

text: Especially in respect of drinking water production, deep-water aeration allows a significant reduction of production costs and facilitates further technical treatment of the hypolimnic water. Since water for drinking water production is drawn from below the thermocline in most reservoirs, an improved hypolimnic water quality has direct influence on the production of drinking water. With regard to the applicable limiting values of drinking water regulations, the following effects can be achieved via deep-water aeration:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: aeration

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Especially in respect of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: treatment of the hypolimnic water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: deep-water aeration

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: deep-water aeration

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Especially in respect of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Especially in respect of drinking water production, deep-water aeration

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: deep-water aeration

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: deep-water aeration

text: Maritime Safety Queensland (MSQ) is a Queensland government agency of the Department of Transport and Main Roads. The agency is responsible for the safety of all water vessels in Queensland waterways. It deals with marine pollution and provides pilotage for Queensland ports. The agency also maintains boating infrastructure including harbours and channels.

text: Maritime Safety Queensland (MSQ) is a

text: Queensland government

text: agency of the

text: Department of Transport and Main Roads

text: . The agency is responsible for the safety of all water vessels in

text: Queensland

text: waterways. It deals with marine pollution and provides

text: pilotage

text: for Queensland

text: port

text: s. The agency also maintains boating infrastructure including

text: harbours

text: and

text: channel

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Queensland

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Maritime Safety Queensland

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Maritime Safety Queensland

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: marine pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: marine pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Maritime Safety Queensland

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Queensland

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: marine pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Maritime Safety Queensland

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Maritime Safety Queensland

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Maritime Safety Queensland

text: The water footprint of an individual, community or business is defined as the total volume of freshwater used to produce the goods and services consumed by the individual or community or produced by the business. Water use is measured in water volume consumed (evaporated) and/or polluted per unit of time. A water footprint can be calculated for any well-defined group of consumers (e.g., an individual, family, village, city, province, state or nation) or producers (e.g., a public organization, private enterprise or economic sector). The water footprint is a geographically explicit indicator, not only showing volumes of water use and pollution, but also the locations.

text: The water footprint of an individual, community or business is defined as the total volume of freshwater used to produce the goods and services consumed by the individual or community or produced by the business. Water use is measured in water volume consumed (evaporated) and/or polluted per unit of time. A water footprint can be calculated for any well-defined group of consumers (e.g., an individual, family, village, city, province, state or nation) or producers (e.g., a public organization, private enterprise or economic sector). The water footprint is a geographically explicit indicator, not only showing volumes of water use and pollution, but also the locations.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: city

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The water footprint

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: nation)

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: total volume of freshwater

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: time.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The water footprint

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: city, province, state or nation)

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: individual, community or business is defined as the total volume of freshwater

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The water footprint

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The water footprint

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The water footprint

text: The Pannagam thodu is almost free from water pollution. There are a few issues affecting the water pollution mainly by disposal of urban and domestic waste into the streams.

text: The Pannagam thodu is almost free from

text: water pollution

text: . There are a few issues affecting the water pollution mainly by disposal of urban and domestic waste into the streams.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: urban and domestic waste enters the streams

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Pannagam thodu

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: urban

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: urban and domestic waste

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: disposal of urban and domestic waste

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: disposal of urban and domestic waste into the streams.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: urban

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: urban and domestic waste

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: disposal of urban and domestic waste into the streams.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: disposal of urban and domestic waste into the streams.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Pannagam thodu is almost free from water pollution.

text: As of 2006, waterborne diseases are estimated to cause 1.8 million deaths each year while about 1.1 billion people lack proper drinking water.

text: As of 2006, waterborne diseases are estimated to cause 1.8 million deaths each year while about 1.1 billion people lack proper drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1.2

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.8 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 1.1 billion people lack proper drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1.1 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 1.1 billion people lack proper drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.8 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 1.8 million deaths

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1.1 billion people lack proper drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 1.1 billion people lack proper drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 1.1 billion people lack proper drinking water.

text: In the United States, Water Quality Standards are defined by state agencies for various water bodies, guided by the desired uses for the water body (e.g., fish habitat, drinking water supply, recreational use). The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires each governing jurisdiction (states, territories, and covered tribal entities) to submit a set of biennial reports on the quality of water in their area. These reports are known as the 303(d) and 305(b) reports, named for their respective CWA provisions, and are submitted to, and approved by, EPA. These reports are completed by the governing jurisdiction, typically a state environmental agency. EPA recommends that each state submit a single "Integrated Report" comprising its list of impaired waters and the status of all water bodies in the state. The National Water Quality Inventory Report to Congress is a general report on water quality, providing overall information about the number of miles of streams and rivers and their aggregate condition. The CWA requires states to adopt standards for each of the possible designated uses that they assign to their waters. Should evidence suggest or document that a stream, river or lake has failed to meet the water quality criteria for one or more of its designated uses, it is placed on a list of impaired waters. Once a state has placed a water body on this list, it must develop a management plan establishing Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for the pollutant(s) impairing the use of the water. These TMDLs establish the reductions needed to fully support the designated uses.

text: In the United States,

text: Water Quality Standards

text: are defined by state agencies for various water bodies, guided by the desired uses for the water body (e.g., fish habitat, drinking water supply, recreational use). The

text: Clean Water Act

text: (CWA) requires each governing jurisdiction (states, territories, and covered tribal entities) to submit a set of biennial reports on the quality of water in their area. These reports are known as the 303(d) and 305(b) reports, named for their respective CWA provisions, and are submitted to, and approved by, EPA. These reports are completed by the governing jurisdiction, typically a

text: state environmental agency

text: . EPA recommends that each state submit a single "Integrated Report" comprising its list of impaired waters and the status of all water bodies in the state. The National Water Quality Inventory Report to Congress is a general report on water quality, providing overall information about the number of miles of streams and rivers and their aggregate condition. The CWA requires states to adopt standards for each of the possible designated uses that they assign to their waters. Should evidence suggest or document that a stream, river or lake has failed to meet the water quality criteria for one or more of its designated uses, it is placed on a list of impaired waters. Once a state has placed a water body on this list, it must develop a management plan establishing

text: Total Maximum Daily Load

text: s (TMDLs) for the pollutant(s) impairing the use of the water. These TMDLs establish the reductions needed to fully support the designated uses.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water supply

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant(s)

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Total Maximum Daily Loads

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: United States,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fish

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: In the United States,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Total Maximum Daily Loads

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: In the United States,

text: In 2001, more than half the water samples taken from 53 DC-area homes under the procedures required by the EPA's Lead and Copper Rule showed levels of lead exceeding the national standard of 15 parts per billion (ppb).  Lead disrupts the physical and mental development of fetuses, babies, and young children, and can cause kidney problems and high blood pressure in adults. The rule does not assume that there is a "safe" level of exposure, but notes that 15 ppb is an "action level" where utilities must take action. The rule was created in 1991, after research showed that drinking water could account for one-fifth of all lead intake. Lead is not normally present in drinking water; it is released from the inside surface of lead service lines (pipes that run from the main to the house), joints connected with lead-based solder, and lead fixtures inside the house. Based on these findings, WASA was required to notify the public and implement plans to replace lead service lines in key areas of the municipal water system.

text: In 2001, more than half the water samples taken from 53 DC-area homes under the procedures required by the EPA's

text: Lead and Copper Rule

text: showed levels of lead exceeding the national standard of 15 parts per billion (ppb).  Lead disrupts the physical and mental development of fetuses, babies, and young children, and can cause kidney problems and high blood pressure in adults. The rule does not assume that there is a "safe" level of exposure, but notes that 15 ppb is an "action level" where utilities must take action. The rule was created in 1991, after research showed that drinking water could account for one-fifth of all lead intake. Lead is not normally present in drinking water; it is released from the inside surface of lead service lines (pipes that run from the main to the house), joints connected with lead-based solder, and lead fixtures inside the house. Based on these findings, WASA was required to notify the public and implement plans to replace lead service lines in key areas of the municipal water system.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lead is not normally present

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: kidney problems

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In 2001,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Lead disrupts the physical and mental development

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Lead

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: kidney problems

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: replace lead service lines in key areas of the municipal water system.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Lead is not normally present in drinking water;

text: GlobalMedic had its first four-man team airborne to the Philippines a day after the disaster, soon establishing a headquarters and three teams based in key areas of the disaster zone, operating out of Iloilo, Cebu, and the worst hit location, Tacloban. Within 10 days over 20 rescuers and disaster responders were providing medical assistance and, of equal importance, safe drinking water using a Rainfresh AquaResponse10 water purification system and over 10 separate Trekker purification units. A larger Nomad water unit was also shipped to Tacloban, capable of purifying 100 liters of water per minute. Over 1.4 million water purification tablets were also shipped to the region as well from the organization's Toronto headquarters. Using connections established on five previous humanitarian relief missions in the Philippines, GlobalMedic had its water purification equipment flown to Tacloban and Ormoc on a private C-130 Hercules a day after their arrival.

text: GlobalMedic had its first four-man team airborne to the Philippines a day after the disaster, soon establishing a headquarters and three teams based in key areas of the disaster zone, operating out of

text: Iloilo

text: Cebu

text: , and the worst hit location,

text: Tacloban

text: . Within 10 days over 20 rescuers and disaster responders were providing medical assistance and, of equal importance,

text: safe drinking water

text: using a Rainfresh AquaResponse10 water purification system and over 10 separate Trekker purification units. A larger Nomad water unit was also shipped to Tacloban, capable of purifying 100 liters of water per minute. Over 1.4 million

text: water purification tablets

text: were also shipped to the region as well from the organization's

text: Toronto

text: headquarters. Using connections established on five previous humanitarian relief missions in the Philippines, GlobalMedic had its water purification equipment flown to Tacloban and

text: Ormoc

text: on a private

text: C-130 Hercules

text: a day after their arrival.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 4,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.4 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Rainfresh AquaResponse10 water purification system

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe drinking water

text: In emergency situations when conventional treatment systems have been compromised, waterborne pathogens may be killed or inactivated by boiling but this requires abundant sources of fuel, and can be very onerous on consumers, especially where it is difficult to store boiled water in sterile conditions. Other techniques, such as filtration, chemical disinfection, and exposure to ultraviolet radiation (including solar UV) have been demonstrated in an array of randomized control trials to significantly reduce levels of water-borne disease among users in low-income countries, but these suffer from the same problems as boiling methods.

text: In emergency situations when conventional treatment systems have been compromised, waterborne pathogens may be killed or inactivated by

text: boiling

text: but this requires abundant sources of fuel, and can be very onerous on consumers, especially where it is difficult to store boiled water in sterile conditions. Other techniques, such as filtration, chemical disinfection, and exposure to ultraviolet radiation (including solar UV) have been demonstrated in an array of randomized control trials to significantly reduce levels of water-borne disease among users in low-income countries, but these suffer from the same problems as boiling methods.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne pathogens

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In emergency situations

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: low-income countries,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: conventional treatment systems have been compromised,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne pathogens may be killed or inactivated by boiling

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: low-income countries,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: boiling methods.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne pathogens may be killed or inactivated by boiling

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: these suffer from the same problems as boiling methods.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: boiling

text: A century ago, Sam Chuk was a renowned centre for waterborne trade and commerce, when rivers and canals were Siam’s main mode of transport. But today, times have changed, and the old town’s way of living has changed accordingly. The negative impact on its survival was heightened when roads were cut through the old community, reducing the need for and importance of water transport, and cutting off easy access to places that had once been central.

text: A century ago, Sam Chuk was a renowned centre for waterborne trade and commerce, when rivers and canals were Siam’s main mode of transport. But today, times have changed, and the old town’s way of living has changed accordingly. The negative impact on its survival was heightened when roads were cut through the old community, reducing the need for and importance of water transport, and cutting off easy access to places that had once been central.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: rivers and canals were Siam’s main mode of transport

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Sam Chuk

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: rivers and canals

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: rivers and canals

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: roads were cut through the old community,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: rivers and canals

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: rivers and canals were Siam’s

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: rivers and canals

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: roads were cut through the old community,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: roads were cut through the old community,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: rivers and canals

text: Allen's western journey officially began May 11, 1852 at Council Bluffs, Iowa (a.k.a. Kanesville). He experienced a typical Oregon Trail crossing until reaching the Snake River Valley in Idaho. Limping along on a badly sprained ankle, Allen concluded that he could walk no further. He decided to turn his wagon bed into a boat and float down the Snake River, soon learning why so few emigrants chose this method of travel. After days of running rapids and portaging around waterfalls Allen and his waterborne companions arrived at Fort Boise, knowing they were lucky to be alive. Here everyone agreed to give up water travel.

text: Allen's western journey officially began May 11, 1852 at Council Bluffs, Iowa (a.k.a. Kanesville). He experienced a typical Oregon Trail crossing until reaching the Snake River Valley in Idaho. Limping along on a badly sprained ankle, Allen concluded that he could walk no further. He decided to turn his wagon bed into a boat and float down the Snake River, soon learning why so few emigrants chose this method of travel. After days of running rapids and portaging around waterfalls Allen and his waterborne companions arrived at

text: Fort Boise

text: , knowing they were lucky to be alive. Here everyone agreed to give up water travel.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: running rapids

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sprained ankle

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Snake River,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Allen's western journey officially began May 11, 1852

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: alive.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: rapids

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: float down the Snake River,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Snake River,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sprained ankle,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: float down the Snake River,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: everyone agreed to give up water travel.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: so few emigrants chose this method of travel.

text: The concept of local waterborn public transport is known as water taxi in English-speaking countries, vaporetto in Venice, water/river tramway in former Soviet Union and Poland (although sightseeing boats can be called water tramways too). Local waterborne public transport is similar to ferry.

text: The concept of local waterborn public transport is known as

text: water taxi

text: in English-speaking countries,

text: vaporetto

text: in Venice, water/river tramway in

text: former Soviet Union

text: and Poland (although sightseeing boats can be called water tramways too). Local waterborne public transport is similar to ferry.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water taxi in English-speaking countries,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: local waterborn public transport is known as water taxi in English-speaking countries,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborn public transport is known as water taxi in English-speaking countries,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborn public transport

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water taxi

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water taxi in English-speaking countries,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water taxi

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water taxi in English-speaking countries,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water taxi in English-speaking countries,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water taxi in English-speaking countries,

text: The definition of NPS water pollution is open to interpretation. However, federal regulation under the CWA provides a specific legal definition for the term. A "nonpoint source" is defined as any source of water pollution that is not a "point source" as defined in section 502(14) of the Clean Water Act.  That definition states: "The term 'point source' means any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance, including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or other floating craft, from which pollutants are or may be discharged. This term does not include agricultural storm water discharges and return flows from irrigated agriculture."

text: The definition of NPS water pollution is open to interpretation. However, federal regulation under the CWA provides a specific legal definition for the term. A "nonpoint source" is defined as any source of water pollution that is not a "point source" as defined in section 502(14) of the Clean Water Act.  That definition states: "The term 'point source' means any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance, including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or other floating craft, from which pollutants are or may be discharged. This term does not include agricultural storm water discharges and return flows from irrigated agriculture."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: nonpoint source

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: nonpoint source

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 502(14) of the Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: "nonpoint source"

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: "nonpoint source"

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollutants are or may be discharged.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "nonpoint source"

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 502(14)

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: animal feeding operation,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: "nonpoint source"

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 502(14) of the Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: "point source"

text: Operated by the Coast Guard, the National Response Center (NRC) is the sole U.S. Government point of contact for reporting all oil, chemical, radiological, biological, and etiological spills into the environment anywhere in the United States and its territories. In addition to gathering and distributing spill/incident information for Federal On Scene Coordinators and serving as the communications and operations center for the National Response Team, the NRC maintains agreements with a variety of federal entities to make additional notifications regarding incidents meeting established trigger criteria. The NRC also takes Maritime Suspicious Activity and Security Breach Reports. Details on the NRC organization and specific responsibilities can be found in the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan. The Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE) database system is managed and used by the Coast Guard for tracking pollution and safety incidents in the nation's ports.

text: Operated by the Coast Guard, the National Response Center (NRC) is the sole

text: U.S. Government

text: point of contact for reporting all

text: oil

text: chemical

text: radiological

text: biological

text: , and

text: etiological

text: spills

text: into the environment anywhere in the United States and its territories. In addition to gathering and distributing spill/incident information for

text: Federal On Scene Coordinator

text: s and serving as the communications and operations center for the National Response Team, the NRC maintains agreements with a variety of federal entities to make additional notifications regarding incidents meeting established trigger criteria. The NRC also takes Maritime Suspicious Activity and Security Breach Reports. Details on the NRC organization and specific responsibilities can be found in the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan.

text: The Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE)

text: database system is managed and used by the Coast Guard for tracking pollution and safety incidents in the nation's ports.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: spills into the environment

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1,500

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: etiological

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Operated by the Coast Guard, the National Response Center

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Coast Guard, the National Response Center

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: spills

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: oil, chemical, radiological, biological,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: biological,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: National Response Center

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: oil,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: oil,

text: Again computer models are needed to address the complexity of such an extended linear discharge into a dynamic medium such as flowing water.  The resulting surface runoff water carrying pollutants may be considered a line source discharging into a river or stream.  The chemical composition of this surface runoff may be characterized by a surface runoff model such as the USGS runoff precipitation algorithm, while the instream transport may be analyzed by a dynamic river pollutant model such as DSSAM.

text: Again computer models are needed to address the complexity of such an extended linear discharge into a dynamic medium such as flowing water.  The resulting surface runoff water carrying pollutants may be considered a line source discharging into a river or stream.  The chemical composition of this surface runoff may be characterized by a surface runoff model such as the USGS runoff precipitation algorithm, while the instream transport may be analyzed by a dynamic river pollutant model such as

text: DSSAM

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are in a dynamic medium

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: river or stream.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: flowing water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: computer models are needed to address the complexity of such an extended linear discharge

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: flowing water.

text: Each of the evil rings have malevolent faces on them, in contrast to the more element-themed Planeteer rings. Captain Pollution is weakened when he is in contact with pure elements such as clean water or sunlight, while he gains power from contact with pollutants, being able to absorb pollutant and emit radioactive rays (and is later shown to gain power without limit when in contact with pollutants after his resurrection). When he is summoned he says "By your polluting powers combined, I am Captain Pollution! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha!", and when he disappears, he declares "The polluting power is yours!"

text: Each of the evil rings have malevolent faces on them, in contrast to the more element-themed Planeteer rings. Captain Pollution is weakened when he is in contact with pure elements such as clean water or sunlight, while he gains power from contact with pollutants, being able to absorb pollutant and emit radioactive rays (and is later shown to gain power without limit when in contact with pollutants after his resurrection). When he is summoned he says "By your polluting powers combined, I am Captain Pollution! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha!", and when he disappears, he declares "The polluting power is yours!"

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: in contact with pollutants

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: clean water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollutants, being able to absorb pollutant

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Captain Pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Captain Pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Captain Pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Captain Pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: clean water

text: Siltation is not an issue.  However, toxic contaminants are regularly monitored including mercury, zinc, copper and DDT   to ensure that the standards prescribed under food safety standards, or tolerance limits for the safe use of water, are fully maintained. There is very limited pollution from sewage, municipal wastes and industrial uses, as adequate standards for sewage treatment and sanitary facilities are maintained.

text: Siltation is not an issue.  However, toxic contaminants are regularly monitored including

text: mercury

text: zinc

text: copper

text: and

text: DDT

text: to ensure that the standards prescribed under food safety standards, or tolerance limits for the safe use of water, are fully maintained. There is very limited pollution from

text: sewage

text: , municipal wastes and industrial uses, as adequate standards for

text: sewage treatment

text: and sanitary facilities are maintained.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: (4).

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sewage treatment is inadequate

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Siltation is not an issue.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: mercury, zinc, copper and DDT

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: toxic contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: tolerance limits

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: toxic contaminants are regularly monitored including mercury, zinc, copper and DDT

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: mercury, zinc, copper and DDT

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: sewage,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: There is very limited pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: toxic contaminants are regularly monitored including mercury, zinc, copper and DDT

text: Complete information about drinking water safety, and the reliability and sustainability of drinking water and sanitation facilities is not available globally, and so these dimensions are not included in the current indicator definitions. Systematically testing the microbial and chemical quality of water at the national level in all countries is prohibitively expensive and logistically complicated. However, the JMP is working to include these challenging dimensions to the extent possible in future indicators. Between 2002 and 2008, the Rapid Assessment of Drinking-Water Quality (RADWQ) project was designed and the quality of drinking-water from improved sources was evaluated in a number of pilot countries. In 2011 the JMP focused its thematic report on equity, safety and sustainability. In 2012 the JMP has been supporting the piloting of water quality testing alongside household surveys.

text: Complete information about drinking water safety, and the reliability and sustainability of drinking water and sanitation facilities is not available globally, and so these dimensions are not included in the current indicator definitions. Systematically testing the microbial and chemical quality of water at the national level in all countries is prohibitively expensive and logistically complicated. However, the JMP is working to include these challenging dimensions to the extent possible in future indicators. Between 2002 and 2008, the Rapid Assessment of Drinking-Water Quality (RADWQ) project was designed and the quality of drinking-water from improved sources was evaluated in a number of pilot countries. In 2011 the JMP focused its thematic report on equity, safety and sustainability. In 2012 the JMP has been supporting the piloting of water quality testing alongside household surveys.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking-water from improved sources

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Complete information about drinking water safety, and the reliability and sustainability of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: equity,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: reliability and sustainability of drinking water and sanitation facilities is not available globally,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Complete information about drinking water safety, and the reliability and sustainability of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2008,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Complete information about drinking water safety, and the reliability and sustainability of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Systematically testing the microbial and chemical quality of water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Complete information about drinking water safety, and the reliability and sustainability of drinking water

text: Pollution costs can be macro and micro. The macro, environmental pollution of extraction industries building materials rely on such as mining, petroleum, and logging produce environmental damage at their source and in transportation of the raw materials, manufacturing, transportation of the products, retailing, and installation. An example of the micro aspect of pollution is the off-gassing of the building materials in the building or indoor air pollution. Red List building materials are materials found to be harmful. Also the carbon footprint, the total set of greenhouse gas emissions produced in the life of the material. A life-cycle analysis also includes the reuse, recycling, or disposal of construction waste. Two concepts in building which account for the ecological economics of building materials are green building and sustainable development.

text: Pollution costs can be macro and micro. The macro, environmental pollution of extraction industries building materials rely on such as mining, petroleum, and logging produce environmental damage at their source and in transportation of the raw materials, manufacturing, transportation of the products, retailing, and installation. An example of the micro aspect of pollution is the off-gassing of the building materials in the building or

text: indoor air pollution

text: Red List building materials

text: are materials found to be harmful. Also the

text: carbon footprint

text: , the total set of greenhouse gas emissions produced in the life of the material. A

text: life-cycle analysis

text: also includes the

text: reuse

text: , recycling, or disposal of

text: construction waste

text: . Two concepts in building which account for the

text: ecological economics

text: of building materials are

text: green building

text: and

text: sustainable development

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Pollution costs

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: macro and micro.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Pollution costs

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: off-gassing

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: green building and sustainable development.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: petroleum, and logging

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Red List

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: green building and sustainable development.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: green building and sustainable development.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: green building and sustainable development.

text: A drinking fountain, also called a water fountain or bubbler, is a fountain designed to provide drinking water. It consists of a basin with either continuously running water or a tap. The drinker bends down to the stream of water and swallows water directly from the stream. Modern indoor drinking fountains may incorporate filters to remove impurities from the water and chillers to lower its temperature. Drinking fountains are usually found in public places, like schools, rest areas, libraries, and grocery stores. Many jurisdictions require drinking fountains to be wheelchair accessible (by sticking out horizontally from the wall), and to include an additional unit of a lower height for children and short adults. The design that this replaced often had one spout atop a refrigeration unit.

text: A drinking fountain, also called a water fountain or bubbler, is a

text: fountain

text: designed to provide

text: drinking water

text: . It consists of a basin with either continuously running water or a

text: tap

text: . The

text: drinker

text: bends down to the stream of water and swallows water directly from the stream. Modern indoor drinking fountains may incorporate

text: filter

text: s to remove impurities from the water and chillers to lower its temperature. Drinking fountains are usually found in public places, like schools, rest areas, libraries, and grocery stores. Many jurisdictions require drinking fountains to be wheelchair accessible (by sticking out horizontally from the wall), and to include an additional unit of a lower height for children and short adults. The design that this replaced often had one spout atop a refrigeration unit.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: impurities

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: impurities in the water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: A drinking fountain,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: drinking fountain,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: impurities

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: impurities

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: drinking fountain,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: impurities

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: A drinking fountain,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: drinking fountain,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: filters to remove impurities from the water

text: The Cook-Rees Memorial Fund For Water Search and Safety, a registered charity, is dedicated to the promotion of water safety, and the funding of water rescue teams, research, and education. It also helps to fund water rescue team training for quicker response time, and for safety and efficiency.

text: The Cook-Rees Memorial Fund For Water Search and Safety, a registered charity, is dedicated to the promotion of water safety, and the funding of water rescue teams, research, and education. It also helps to fund water rescue team training for quicker response time, and for safety and efficiency.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Cook-Rees Memorial Fund For Water Search and Safety,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water safety,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: research, and education.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: quicker response time,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Cook-Rees Memorial Fund For Water Search and Safety,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Cook-Rees Memorial Fund For Water Search and Safety,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The Cook-Rees Memorial Fund For Water Search and Safety,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Cook-Rees Memorial Fund For Water Search and Safety,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water rescue teams,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Cook-Rees Memorial Fund For Water Search and Safety,

text: Although it was becoming evident that water could no longer be considered an infinite resource, as had been the case in the 1950s when there were fewer people on the planet, no one knew just how scarce the resource was. This prompted IWMI to try to find out. Its research culminated in publication of Water for food, Water for life: A comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture. A map within the report showed that a third of the world’s population already suffered from ‘water scarcity’. The report defined physical water scarcity, as being where there are insufficient water resources to meet the demands of the population, and economic water scarcity as where water requirements are not satisfied because of a lack of investment in water or human capacity.

text: Although it was becoming evident that water could no longer be considered an infinite resource, as had been the case in the 1950s when there were fewer people on the planet, no one knew just how scarce the resource was. This prompted IWMI to try to find out. Its research culminated in publication of Water for food, Water for life: A comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture. A map within the report showed that a third of the world’s population already suffered from ‘water scarcity’. The report defined

text: physical water scarcity

text: , as being where there are insufficient water resources to meet the demands of the population, and

text: economic water scarcity

text: as where water requirements are not satisfied because of a lack of investment in water or human capacity.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: a third

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: ‘water scarcity’.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: third

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: insufficient water resources to meet the demands of the population,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: ‘water scarcity’.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: a third

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: ‘water scarcity’. The report defined physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water could no longer be considered an infinite resource,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: economic water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: a third of the world’s population already suffered from ‘water scarcity’.

text: The legal framework referred to as the "Clean Water Act" (CWA) has its statutory basis in the Water Pollution Control Act of 1948, which was the first federal regulation designed to address water pollution.  The Clean Water Act has been amended many times, but the CWA amendments of 1972 provide the core statutory basis for the regulation of point source water pollution and created the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System permit program. The CWA amendments of 1972 were also the first instance where Congress acknowledged the problem of NPS water pollution through the passage of section 208 of the CWA. Congress passed additional amendments to the CWA in 1987 that address NPS water pollution. This section will chronologically address the parts of the CWA that regulate NPS water pollution.

text: The legal framework referred to as the "

text: Clean Water Act

text: " (CWA) has its

text: statutory

text: basis in the Water Pollution Control Act of 1948, which was the first federal regulation designed to address water pollution.  The Clean Water Act has been amended many times, but the CWA amendments of 1972 provide the core statutory basis for the regulation of point source water pollution and created the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System permit program. The CWA amendments of 1972 were also the first instance where Congress acknowledged the problem of NPS water pollution through the passage of section 208 of the CWA. Congress passed additional amendments to the CWA in 1987 that address NPS water pollution. This section will chronologically address the parts of the CWA that regulate NPS water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: context: dracunculiasis spreads when people drink adult guinea worms

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: context: The legal framework referred to as the "Clean Water Act" (CWA)

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: "Clean Water Act"

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: "Clean Water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "Clean Water Act"

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: National Pollution Discharge Elimination System

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: "Clean Water Act"

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: "Clean Water Act"

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: "Clean Water Act"

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: "Clean Water Act"

text: The Najafgarh drain or Najafgarh nallah (nallah in Hindi means drain) is just another name for the River Sahibi which continues its flow through Delhi where it is channelled due to control floods, it is a tributary to River Yamuna in which it outfalls here. Within Delhi it is erroneously called "Najafgarh drain" or "Najafgarh nallah"', it gets this name from the once famous and huge Najafgarh lake near the town of Najafgarh in southwest Delhi and within urbanised Delhi it is the Indian capital's most polluted water body due to direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. A January 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board clubs this drain with 13 other highly polluted wetlands under category "D" for assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats.

text: The Najafgarh drain or Najafgarh nallah (nallah in

text: Hindi

text: means drain) is just another name for the

text: River Sahibi

text: which continues its flow through

text: Delhi

text: where it is channelled due to control floods, it is a

text: tributary

text: to River Yamuna in which it outfalls here. Within Delhi it is erroneously called "Najafgarh drain" or "Najafgarh nallah"', it gets this name from the once famous and huge

text: Najafgarh lake

text: near the town of

text: Najafgarh

text: in southwest Delhi and within urbanised Delhi it is the Indian capital's most polluted water body due to direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. A January 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board clubs this drain with 13 other highly polluted wetlands under category "D" for assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: River Sahibi

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: "D"

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: "D"

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Najafgarh drain

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Najafgarh drain

text: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory- Palestinian Environmental NGOs Network- Paper shredder- Paper towel- Paperless office- Parametrization (climate)- Paraquat- Partial Test Ban Treaty- Partial zero-emissions vehicle- Particle radiation- Particulate- Passenger pigeon- Passive solar- Peak grain- Peak water- Pebble bed reactor- Percy Schmeiser- Periodicals- Permaculture- Permanent crop- Permeable paving- Persistent Organic Pollutant- Persistent organic pollutants- Pest (animal)- Pest control- Pesticide- Pesticide misuse- Pesticide poisoning- Pesticide side effects- Pesticide toxicity to bees- Pesticides- Phagy- Phytotreatment- Pigovian tax- Pioneer plant- Pioneer species- Planetary boundary layer- Planetary ecosynthesis- Planetary engineering- Planetary protection- Planned obsolescence- Plastic- Plastic bullet- Plastic goods- Plastic mulch- Plastic recycling- Plastic shopping bag- Plastic wrap- Poaching- Point of no return- Political ecology- Pollinator decline- Pollutant- Polluter Pays- Polluter pays principle- Pollution- Polychlorinated biphenyl- Polyculture- Polymer chemistry- Polymer clay- Polymer degradation- Polymer solar cells- Polystyrene- Polyvinyl chloride- POP Air Pollution Protocol- Population- Population control- Population decline- Population density- Population growth- Population growth rate- Population process- Population size- Population statistics- Population transfer- Population viability analysis- Post-industrial economy- Post-industrial society- Power station- Precautionary principle- Preservationist- Property and Environment Research Center- Protected area- Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty- Pulpwood- Quality of life

text: Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory

text: Palestinian Environmental NGOs Network

text: Paper shredder

text: Paper towel

text: Paperless office

text: Parametrization (climate)

text: Paraquat

text: Partial Test Ban Treaty

text: Partial zero-emissions vehicle

text: Particle radiation

text: Particulate

text: Passenger pigeon

text: Passive solar

text: Peak grain

text: Peak water

text: Pebble bed reactor

text: Percy Schmeiser

text: Periodicals

text: Permaculture

text: Permanent crop

text: Permeable paving

text: Persistent Organic Pollutant

text: Persistent organic pollutants

text: Pest (animal)

text: Pest control

text: Pesticide

text: Pesticide misuse

text: Pesticide poisoning

text: Pesticide side effects

text: Pesticide toxicity to bees

text: Pesticides

text: Phagy

text: Phytotreatment

text: Pigovian tax

text: Pioneer plant

text: Pioneer species

text: Planetary boundary layer

text: Planetary ecosynthesis

text: Planetary engineering

text: Planetary protection

text: Planned obsolescence

text: Plastic

text: Plastic bullet

text: Plastic goods

text: Plastic mulch

text: Plastic recycling

text: Plastic shopping bag

text: Plastic wrap

text: Poaching

text: Point of no return

text: Political ecology

text: Pollinator decline

text: Pollutant

text: Polluter Pays

text: Polluter pays principle

text: Pollution

text: Polychlorinated biphenyl

text: Polyculture

text: Polymer chemistry

text: Polymer clay

text: Polymer degradation

text: Polymer solar cells

text: Polystyrene

text: Polyvinyl chloride

text: POP Air Pollution Protocol

text: Population

text: Population control

text: Population decline

text: Population density

text: Population growth

text: Population growth rate

text: Population process

text: Population size

text: Population statistics

text: Population transfer

text: Population viability analysis

text: Post-industrial economy

text: Post-industrial society

text: Power station

text: Precautionary principle

text: Preservationist

entity_name: Property and Environment Research Center

text: Property and Environment Research Center

text: Protected area

entity_name: Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty

text: Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty

text: Pulpwood

text: Quality of life

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: River Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Partial

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Pest (animal)

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pesticides

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Paraquat

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Particulate

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Paraquat

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Permaculture

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Population-

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Peak water-

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Pollutant-

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Precautionary principle-

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Population-

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Polychlorinated biphenyl-

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Polychlorinated biphenyl-

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Population-

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Population-

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Population-

text: In countries such as Burma, Kenya, and Haiti less than half of the population has access to safe drinking water due to natural factors, poor management, and political factors.  An example of a political factor that contributes to a lack of access to water is the Sudanese government forcing 80,000 squatters to relocate to a camp that only has one well. The UN has described these conditions as a virtual "death sentence". Another political obstacle that contributes to a lack of access to safe drinking water is that the Israeli government does not connect many communities in Israel to water networks and as a result, these communities face poor health conditions. Poor government management of water resources contributes to lack of access to clean water. For example, the Libyan government used valuable water resources to build a "$25 billion artificial river" when the majority of Libyans do not have access water or sewer systems.

text: In countries such as Burma, Kenya, and Haiti less than half of the population has access to safe drinking water due to natural factors, poor management, and political factors.  An example of a political factor that contributes to a lack of access to water is the Sudanese government forcing 80,000 squatters to relocate to a camp that only has one well. The UN has described these conditions as a virtual "death sentence". Another political obstacle that contributes to a lack of access to safe drinking water is that the Israeli government does not connect many communities in Israel to water networks and as a result, these communities face poor health conditions. Poor government management of water resources contributes to lack of access to clean water. For example, the Libyan government used valuable water resources to build a "$25 billion artificial river" when the majority of Libyans do not have access water or sewer systems.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of access to water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 20,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: less than half of the population has access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: poor management, and political factors.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: less than half of the population has access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Israeli government does not connect many communities in Israel

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Haiti less than half of the population has access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: "$25 billion artificial river"

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: less than half of the population has access to safe drinking water

text: Safety considerations for home remedy drain cleaners include the requirement to handle ingredients (for example, boiling water) with the appropriate care.

text: Safety considerations for home remedy drain cleaners include the requirement to handle ingredients (for example, boiling water) with the appropriate care.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: boiling water can kill them

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Safety considerations for home remedy drain cleaners

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: boiling water)

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Safety considerations for home remedy drain cleaners include the requirement to handle ingredients

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: boiling water) with the appropriate care.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Safety considerations for home remedy drain cleaners

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: boiling water)

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: boiling water)

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Safety considerations for home remedy drain cleaners

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Safety considerations for home remedy drain cleaners

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Safety considerations for home remedy drain cleaners

text: In 2001, Norell et al. reported a specimen of Gallimimus (IGM 100/1133), a skull with soft tissue preservation. This specimen, as well as another new fossil skull of Ornithomimus, had a keratinous beak with vertical grooves projecting from the bony upper mandible. These structures are reminiscent of the lamellae seen in ducks, in which they function to strain small edible items like plants, forams, mollusks, and ostracods from the water. The authors further noted that ornithomimids were abundant in mesic environments, and rarer in more arid environments, suggesting that they may have depended on waterborne sources of food, possibly filter feeding. They noted that primitive ornithomimids had well-developed teeth, while derived forms were edentulous and probably could not feed on large animals.

text: In 2001, Norell et al. reported a specimen of Gallimimus (IGM 100/1133), a skull with soft tissue preservation. This specimen, as well as another new fossil skull of Ornithomimus, had a keratinous beak with vertical grooves projecting from the bony upper mandible. These structures are reminiscent of the lamellae seen in ducks, in which they function to strain small edible items like plants, forams, mollusks, and ostracods from the water. The authors further noted that ornithomimids were abundant in mesic environments, and rarer in more arid environments, suggesting that they may have depended on waterborne sources of food, possibly filter feeding. They noted that primitive ornithomimids had well-developed teeth, while derived forms were edentulous and probably could not feed on large animals.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are able to multiply quickly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Gallimimus

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2001,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne sources of food,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne sources of food,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne sources of food,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: mollusks, and ostracods

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: filter feeding.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Gallimimus

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: waterborne sources of food,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water.

text: "For Crestwood residents, it's important for them to understand that, while we believe what the village did was incredibly wrong, that the water during that time period was safe to drink," said Illinois EPA Director Doug Scott.

text: "For Crestwood residents, it's important for them to understand that, while we believe what the village did was incredibly wrong, that the water during that time period was safe to drink," said Illinois EPA Director Doug Scott.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: safe to drink,"

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: safe to drink,"

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe to drink,"

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: incredibly wrong,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: safe to drink,"

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Illinois

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Crestwood

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: safe to drink,"

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: safe to drink,"

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe to drink,"

text: In contrast, some people think that if one drinks from water in which baobab seeds have soaked, you will be safe from crocodile attacks.

text: In contrast, some people think that if one drinks from water in which baobab seeds have soaked, you will be safe from crocodile attacks.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: crocodile attacks.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: crocodile attacks.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: crocodile attacks.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: crocodile attacks.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: crocodile attacks.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: crocodile

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: crocodile attacks.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: crocodile

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: baobab seeds have soaked,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: baobab seeds have soaked,

text: The Lakes Water Bird was built for 1911 E.W. Wakefield, of the Lakes Flying School, Windermere by A.V. Roe, who would build aircraft to the designs of individual customers. It was built as a landplane with the intention of converting it to a seaplane once testing was complete. Wakefield had been interested in waterborne aircraft since 1909 and had performed experiments with different float designs towed at speed across Lake Windermere. Unsticking problems persisted until he visited Henri Fabre in France and got useful advice on float design. The 12 ft (3.66 m) long float for the Water Bird followed Glen Curtiss' float and was built by boat builders Borwick of Bowness-on-Windermere using mahogany reinforced with metal strips and canvas.

text: The Lakes Water Bird was built for 1911 E.W. Wakefield, of the Lakes Flying School,

text: Windermere

text: by A.V. Roe, who would build aircraft to the designs of individual customers. It was built as a landplane with the intention of converting it to a seaplane once testing was complete. Wakefield had been interested in waterborne aircraft since 1909 and had performed experiments with different float designs towed at speed across Lake Windermere. Unsticking problems persisted until he visited

text: Henri Fabre

text: in France and got useful advice on float design. The 12 ft (3.66 m) long float for the Water Bird followed Glen Curtiss' float and was built by boat builders Borwick of

text: Bowness-on-Windermere

text: using mahogany reinforced with metal strips and canvas.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Lakes Water Bird

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: The Lakes Water Bird

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: mahogany

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: speed

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Lakes Water Bird

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: (3.66 m) long float for the Water Bird

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Unsticking

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Lakes Water Bird

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: float designs towed at speed across Lake Windermere.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Lakes Water Bird

text: Open Water Wisdom is a community water activity safety program that was spearheaded by The Royal Life Saving Society of Canada and The Canadian Red Cross. It is dedicated to bringing awareness to recreational water safety issues nationally and in hundreds of remote communities across Canada.

text: Open Water Wisdom is a community water activity safety program that was spearheaded by The

text: Royal Life Saving Society of Canada

text: and The

text: Canadian Red Cross

text: . It is dedicated to bringing awareness to recreational water safety issues nationally and in hundreds of remote communities across Canada.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are able to multiply quickly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Open Water Wisdom

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Canada and The Canadian Red Cross.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: The Canadian Red Cross.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: recreational water safety issues nationally and in hundreds of remote communities

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Canadian Red Cross.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: The Canadian Red Cross.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The Canadian Red Cross.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Canadian Red Cross.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Open Water Wisdom

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Canada and The Canadian Red Cross.

text: The quality of drinking water is ensured through a framework of water safety plans that ensures the safe disposal of human waste so that drinking water supplies are not contaminated. Improving the water supply, sanitation, hygiene and management of our water resources could prevent ten percent of total global disease.

text: The quality of drinking water is ensured through a framework of water safety plans that ensures the safe disposal of human waste so that drinking water supplies are not contaminated. Improving the water supply, sanitation, hygiene and management of our water resources could prevent ten percent of total global disease.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: ten percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: human waste is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The quality of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: ten percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: ten percent of total global disease.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten percent

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: human waste

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: ten percent of total global disease.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Improving the water supply, sanitation, hygiene and management of our water resources

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: drinking water supplies are not contaminated.

text: New York City is supplied with drinking water by the protected Catskill Mountains watershed. As a result of the watershed's integrity and undisturbed natural water filtration system, New York is one of only four major cities in the United States the majority of whose drinking water is pure enough not to require purification by water treatment plants. The Croton Watershed north of the city is undergoing construction of a US$3.2 billion water purification plant to augment New York City's water supply by an estimated 290 million gallons daily, representing a greater than 20% addition to the city's current availability of water. Manhattan, surrounded by two brackish rivers, had a limited supply of fresh water. To satisfy its growing population, the City of New York acquired land in adjacent Westchester County and constructed the old Croton Aqueduct system there, which went into service in 1842 and was superseded by the new Croton Aqueduct, which opened in 1890. This, however, was interrupted in 2008 for the ongoing construction of a US$3.2 billion water purification plant that can supply an estimated 290 million gallons daily when completed, representing an almost 20% addition to the city's availability of water, with this addition going to Manhattan and the Bronx. Water comes to Manhattan through New York City Water Tunnel No. 1, Tunnel No. 2, and Tunnel No. 3, completed in 1917, 1936, and (Manhattan's supply) 2013, respectively.

text: New York City is supplied with drinking water by the protected

text: Catskill Mountains

text: watershed

text: . As a result of the watershed's integrity and undisturbed

text: natural water filtration system

text: , New York is one of only four major cities in the United States the majority of whose drinking water is pure enough not to require purification by

text: water treatment

text: plants. The

text: Croton Watershed

text: north of the city is undergoing construction of a US$3.2 billion water purification plant to augment New York City's water supply by an estimated 290 million gallons daily, representing a greater than 20% addition to the city's current availability of water. Manhattan, surrounded by two

text: brackish

text: rivers, had a limited supply of

text: fresh water

text: . To satisfy its growing population, the City of New York acquired land in adjacent

text: Westchester County

text: and constructed the old

text: Croton Aqueduct

text: system there, which went into service in 1842 and was superseded by the

text: new Croton Aqueduct

text: , which opened in 1890. This, however, was interrupted in 2008 for the ongoing construction of a US$3.2 billion water purification plant that can supply an estimated 290 million gallons daily when completed, representing an almost 20% addition to the city's availability of water, with this addition going to Manhattan and the Bronx. Water comes to Manhattan through

text: New York City Water Tunnel No. 1

text: Tunnel No. 2

text: , and

text: Tunnel No. 3

text: , completed in 1917, 1936, and (Manhattan's supply) 2013, respectively.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is untreated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 290

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Catskill Mountains watershed.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: four major cities in the United States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: population,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: New York is one of only four major cities in the United States

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 290 million gallons

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Catskill Mountains

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: New York City is supplied with drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: US$3.2 billion water purification plant

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: New York is one of only four major cities in the United States

text: The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CCDC; ) is an agency of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China based in Beijing, China. It works to protect public health and safety by providing information to enhance health decisions, and it promotes health through partnerships with provincial health departments and other organizations. The CCDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease prevention and control (especially infectious diseases), environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion, prevention and education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the People's Republic of China.

text: The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CCDC; ) is an agency of the

entity_name: Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China

text: Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China

text: based in

text: Beijing

text: China

text: . It works to protect

text: public health

text: and

text: safety

text: by providing information to enhance health decisions, and it promotes health through partnerships with provincial health departments and other organizations. The CCDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease prevention and control (especially

text: infectious disease

text: s),

text: environmental health

text: occupational safety and health

text: health promotion

text: prevention

text: and

text: education

text: activities designed to improve the

text: health

text: of the people of the

text: People's Republic of China

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: infectious diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: infectious diseases

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: This is incorrect

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: People's Republic of China

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: infectious diseases),

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: infectious diseases),

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: infectious diseases),

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: infectious diseases),

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: environmental health,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: disease prevention and control (especially infectious diseases),

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: China

text: Some efforts at increasing the availability of safe drinking water have been disastrous. When the 1980s were declared the "International Decade of Water" by the United Nations, the assumption was made that groundwater is inherently safer than water from rivers, ponds, and canals. While instances of cholera, typhoid and diarrhea were reduced, other problems emerged due to polluted groundwater.

text: Some efforts at increasing the availability of safe drinking water have been disastrous. When the 1980s were declared the "International Decade of Water" by the

text: United Nations

text: , the assumption was made that groundwater is inherently safer than water from rivers, ponds, and canals. While instances of cholera, typhoid and diarrhea were reduced, other problems emerged due to

text: polluted groundwater

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluted groundwater

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: polluted groundwater.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: groundwater

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: cholera, typhoid and diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluted groundwater.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: cholera, typhoid and diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: cholera,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera, typhoid

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: polluted groundwater.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: disastrous.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: groundwater

text: Health effects (or health impacts) are changes in health resulting from exposure to a source. Health effects are an important consideration in many areas, such as hygiene, pollution studies, occupational safety and health, nutrition and health sciences in general.  Some of the major environmental sources of health effects are air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination, noise pollution and over-illumination.

text: Health effects (or health impacts) are changes in

text: health

text: resulting from exposure to a source. Health effects are an important consideration in many areas, such as

text: hygiene

text: pollution

text: studies,

text: occupational safety and health

text: nutrition

text: and

text: health sciences

text: in general.  Some of the major environmental sources of health effects are

text: air pollution

text: water pollution

text: soil contamination

text: noise pollution

text: and

text: over-illumination

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: a source

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: health effects

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Health effects

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: exposure to a source.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Health effects

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: air pollution, water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Some of the major environmental sources of health effects are air pollution, water pollution,

text: About 860 communities in the US have combined sewer systems, serving about 40 million people. CSO discharges during heavy storms can cause serious water pollution problems in these communities. Pollutants from CSO discharges can include bacteria and other pathogens, toxic chemicals, and debris. These pollutants have also been linked with antimicrobial resistance, posing serious public health concerns.  The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a policy in 1994 requiring municipalities to make improvements to reduce or eliminate CSO-related pollution problems. It is managed by the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program. The policy defined water quality parameters for the safety of an ecosystem; it allowed for action that are site specific to control CSOs in most practical way for community; it made sure the CSO control is not beyond a community’s budget; and allowed water quality parameters to be flexible, based upon the site specific conditions. The CSO Control Policy required all states to have ″nine minimum controls″ in place by January 1, 1997, to decrease the effects of sewage overflow by making small improvements in existing processes. In 2000 Congress amended the Clean Water Act to require the municipalities to comply with the EPA policy.

text: About 860 communities in the US have combined sewer systems, serving about 40 million people. CSO discharges during heavy storms can cause serious water pollution problems in these communities. Pollutants from CSO discharges can include

text: bacteria

text: and other

text: pathogen

text: s,

text: toxic

text: chemicals, and debris. These pollutants have also been linked with

text: antimicrobial resistance

text: , posing serious public health concerns.  The

text: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) issued a policy in 1994 requiring municipalities to make improvements to reduce or eliminate CSO-related pollution problems. It is managed by the

text: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)

text: permit program. The policy defined water quality parameters for the safety of an ecosystem; it allowed for action that are site specific to control CSOs in most practical way for community; it made sure the CSO control is not beyond a community’s budget; and allowed water quality parameters to be flexible, based upon the site specific conditions. The CSO Control Policy required all states to have ″nine minimum controls″ in place by January 1, 1997, to decrease the effects of sewage overflow by making small improvements in existing processes. In 2000

text: Congress

text: amended the

text: Clean Water Act

text: to require the municipalities to comply with the EPA policy.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: heavy storms

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pathogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Why do people in developed nations think about waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 860 communities in the US have combined sewer systems,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 40

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: heavy storms

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: bacteria and other pathogens,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 40 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: CSO discharges during heavy storms

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: budget;

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: US have combined sewer systems,

text: The LifeStraw water filters are designed by the Swiss-based Vestergaard Frandsen. While originally developed for people living in developing nations and for distribution in humanitarian crisis, the LifeStraw has gained popularity as a consumer product. The LifeStraw is now used as a tool for survivalists and packed in emergency preparedness kits in addition to being used to help combat clean water scarcity worldwide. LifeStraw personal filters can provide clean water for up to a year, and the LifeStraw Family filters a maximum of 18,000 litres of water, providing safe drinking water for a family of five for up to three years.

text: The LifeStraw

text: water filter

text: s are designed by the

text: Swiss

text: -based

text: Vestergaard Frandsen

text: . While originally developed for people living in

text: developing nation

text: s and for distribution in

text: humanitarian crisis

text: , the LifeStraw has gained popularity as a consumer product. The LifeStraw is now used as a tool for survivalists and packed in emergency preparedness kits in addition to being used to help combat clean water scarcity worldwide. LifeStraw personal filters can provide clean water for up to a year, and the LifeStraw Family filters a maximum of 18,000 litres of water, providing safe

text: drinking water

text: for a family of five for up to three years.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: clean water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developing nations

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: clean water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: clean water scarcity worldwide.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: five

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The LifeStraw

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The LifeStraw

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: clean water scarcity worldwide.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: developing nations

text: The storm water component contributes pollutants to CSO; but a major faction of pollution is the first foul flush of accumulated biofilm and sanitary solids scoured from the dry weather wetted perimeter of combined sewers during peak flow turbulence. Each storm is different in the quantity and type of pollutants it contributes. For example, storms that occur in late summer, when it has not rained for a while, have the most pollutants. Pollutants like oil, grease, fecal coliform from pet and wildlife waste, and pesticides get flushed into the sewer system. In cold weather areas, pollutants from cars, people and animals also accumulate on hard surfaces and grass during the winter and then are flushed into the sewer systems during heavy spring rains.

text: The storm water component contributes pollutants to CSO; but a major faction of pollution is the

text: first foul flush

text: of accumulated

text: biofilm

text: and sanitary solids scoured from the dry weather

text: wetted perimeter

text: of combined sewers during peak flow

text: turbulence

text: . Each storm is different in the quantity and type of pollutants it contributes. For example, storms that occur in late summer, when it has not rained for a while, have the most pollutants. Pollutants like oil, grease,

text: fecal coliform

text: from pet and wildlife waste, and

text: pesticide

text: s get flushed into the sewer system. In cold weather areas, pollutants from cars, people and animals also accumulate on hard surfaces and grass during the winter and then are flushed into the sewer systems during heavy spring rains.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: coliform

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: fecal coliform from pet and wildlife waste

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The storm water component contributes pollutants to CSO;

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: The storm water component contributes pollutants to CSO;

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: peak flow turbulence.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The storm water component contributes pollutants to CSO;

text: The term "waterborne disease" is reserved largely for infections that predominantly are transmitted through contact with or consumption of infected water. Trivially, many infections may be transmitted by microbes or parasites that accidentally, possibly as a result of exceptional circumstances, have entered the water, but the fact that there might be an occasional freak infection need not mean that it is useful to categorise the resulting disease as "waterborne". Nor is it common practice to refer to diseases such as malaria as "waterborne" just because mosquitoes have aquatic phases in their life cycles, or because treating the water they inhabit happens to be an effective strategy in control of the mosquitoes that are the vectors.

text: The term "waterborne disease" is reserved largely for infections that predominantly are transmitted through contact with or consumption of infected water. Trivially, many infections may be transmitted by microbes or parasites that accidentally, possibly as a result of exceptional circumstances, have entered the water, but the fact that there might be an occasional freak infection need not mean that it is useful to categorise the resulting disease as "waterborne". Nor is it common practice to refer to diseases such as

text: malaria

text: as "waterborne" just because

text: mosquito

text: es have aquatic phases in their life cycles, or because treating the water they inhabit happens to be an effective strategy in control of the mosquitoes that are the

text: vector

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: infected water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: malaria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The term "waterborne disease"

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: "waterborne disease"

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: accidentally, possibly as a result of exceptional circumstances, have entered the water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "waterborne disease"

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: malaria

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: malaria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: "waterborne disease"

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: treating the water they inhabit happens to be an effective strategy

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: infected water.

text: Some of the smaller tributaries are even more polluted than the large rivers.  In a 2005 study, a Carnegie Mellon University project tested water quality and found that only 32 percent of Allegheny County's streams meet Pennsylvania's safety standard for fecal coliform bacteria.  Crooked Run in North Versailles, for example, contained 2,000 times the standard.  The study was the first large scale measurement of water quality in area tributaries in years.  The state's Department of Environmental Protection no longer takes measurements like these because, spokesperson Betsy Mallison says, "we already know there's sewage there, and we're dealing with it."

text: Some of the smaller tributaries are even more polluted than the large rivers.  In a 2005 study, a Carnegie Mellon University project tested water quality and found that only 32 percent of Allegheny County's streams meet Pennsylvania's safety standard for

text: fecal coliform

text: bacteria.  Crooked Run in North Versailles, for example, contained 2,000 times the standard.  The study was the first large scale measurement of water quality in area tributaries in years.  The state's

entity_name: Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

text: Department of Environmental Protection

text: no longer takes measurements like these because, spokesperson Betsy Mallison says, "we already know there's sewage there, and we're dealing with it."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: rivers.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 32

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: fecal coliform bacteria.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: fecal coliform bacteria.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fecal coliform

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: fecal coliform bacteria.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: sewage there, and we're dealing with it."

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: fecal coliform bacteria.

text: About 80% of the urban population in Ghana have access to safe drinking water. However, disparities exist between urban and rural safe drinking water access. According to the Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey of 2011, urban dwellers are more likely to have access to safe drinking water than the rural dwellers at 91% and 69%, respectively. Consequently, dependency on unsafe water sources is higher in rural areas. The turbidites of most local surface waters in rural areas are greater than 200 NTUs (nephelometric turbidity units) and contain high microbial and fecal contamination, putting children and the rest of the population at high risk for water-related diseases. Compared to the rest of the country, the three northern regions of Ghana are particularly deprived of clean drinking water, with one in ten children dying before their fifth birthday due to some water-related illnesses. In the main Northern Region of Ghana alone, 32% of the 2.5 million residents lack access to improved water sources and must often resort to contaminated drinking-water. Regarding sanitation, only 14% of the total population of Ghana are using an improved sanitation facility as of 2010.

text: About 80% of the urban population in Ghana have access to safe drinking water. However, disparities exist between urban and rural safe drinking water access. According to the Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey of 2011, urban dwellers are more likely to have access to safe drinking water than the rural dwellers at 91% and 69%, respectively. Consequently, dependency on unsafe water sources is higher in rural areas. The turbidites of most local surface waters in rural areas are greater than 200 NTUs (

text: nephelometric turbidity units

text: ) and contain high microbial and fecal contamination, putting children and the rest of the population at high risk for water-related diseases. Compared to the rest of the country, the three northern regions of Ghana are particularly deprived of clean drinking water, with one in ten children dying before their fifth birthday due to some water-related illnesses. In the main Northern Region of Ghana alone, 32% of the 2.5 million residents lack access to improved water sources and must often resort to contaminated drinking-water. Regarding sanitation, only 14% of the total population of Ghana are using an improved sanitation facility as of 2010.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 69%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: fecal contamination

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fecal contamination

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 80% of the urban population in Ghana have access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: turbidites

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water-related illnesses.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: one in ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: one in ten children dying before their fifth birthday

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: About 80% of the urban population in Ghana have access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: turbidites

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 80% of the urban population in Ghana have access to safe drinking water.

text: Per 33 CFR 1.01-30, Captains of the Port and their representatives enforce within their respective areas port safety and security and marine environmental protection regulations, including, without limitation, regulations for the protection and security of vessels, harbors, and waterfront facilities; anchorages; security zones; safety zones; regulated navigation areas; deepwater ports; water pollution; and ports and waterways safety.

text: Per 33 CFR 1.01-30, Captains of the Port and their representatives enforce within their respective areas port safety and security and marine environmental protection regulations, including, without limitation, regulations for the protection and security of vessels, harbors, and waterfront facilities; anchorages; security zones; safety zones; regulated navigation areas; deepwater ports; water pollution; and ports and waterways safety.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 33 CFR 1.01-30,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: deepwater ports;

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water pollution;

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution;

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution;

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.01-30,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water pollution;

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 33 CFR 1.01-30,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 33 CFR 1.01-30,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 33 CFR 1.01-30,

text: This lagoon is polluted by the inflow of industrial effluent into it. Collins Tay and Charles Biney have suggested that the pH value of the lagoon is 8.0-9.0(pH units). The Conductivity position of the lagoon shows the waters are saline (>5000μScm -1)The waters which flow into it are the Mamahuma and Gbagbla Ankonu feeder streams which are also polluted. High biological oxygen demands concentrations range from (11-58mgL-1).

text: This lagoon is polluted by the inflow of industrial effluent into it. Collins Tay and Charles Biney have suggested that the pH value of the lagoon is 8.0-9.0(pH units). The Conductivity position of the lagoon shows the waters are saline (>5000μScm -1)The waters which flow into it are the Mamahuma and Gbagbla Ankonu feeder streams which are also polluted. High biological oxygen demands concentrations range from (11-58mgL-1).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: industrial effluent enters the lagoon

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Mamahuma and Gbagbla Ankonu

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (11-58mgL-1).

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: inflow of industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: (11-58mgL-1).

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: (11-58mgL-1).

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: (11-58mgL-1).

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: (11-58mgL-1).

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: (11-58mgL-1).

text: Early plans were made before the establishment of the state of Israel but detailed planning started only after nascent Israel's formation in 1948. The construction of the project, originally known as the Jordan Valley Unified Water Plan, started in 1953, during the planning phase, long before the detailed final plan was completed in 1956. The project was designed by Tahal and constructed by Mekorot.  It was started during the tenure of Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion, but was completed in June 1964 under Prime Minister Levi Eshkol, at a cost of about 420 million Israeli lira (at 1964 values). The National Water Carrier was inaugurated in 1964, with 80% of its water being allocated to agriculture and 20% for drinking water. As time passed however, increasing amounts were consumed as drinking water, and by the early 1990s, the National Carrier was supplying half of the drinking water in Israel. It was forecast that by the year 2010 80% of the National Carrier will be directed more at providing drinking water. The reasons for the increased demand for drinking water was twofold. Firstly, Israel saw rapid population growth, primarily in the center of the country which increased demands for water. Furthermore, as the standard of living in the country rose, there was increased domestic water use. As a result of the 1994 Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace, among other items, Israel agreed to transfer 50 million cubic metres of water annually to Jordan.

text: Early plans were made before the establishment of the state of Israel but detailed planning started only after nascent Israel's formation in 1948. The construction of the project, originally known as the

text: Jordan Valley Unified Water Plan

text: , started in 1953, during the planning phase, long before the detailed final plan was completed in 1956. The project was designed by Tahal and constructed by

text: Mekorot

text: .  It was started during the tenure of Prime Minister

text: David Ben-Gurion

text: , but was completed in June 1964 under Prime Minister

text: Levi Eshkol

text: , at a cost of about 420 million Israeli lira (at 1964 values). The National Water Carrier was inaugurated in 1964, with 80% of its water being allocated to agriculture and 20% for drinking water. As time passed however, increasing amounts were consumed as drinking water, and by the early 1990s, the National Carrier was supplying half of the drinking water in Israel. It was forecast that by the year 2010 80% of the National Carrier will be directed more at providing drinking water. The reasons for the increased demand for drinking water was twofold. Firstly, Israel saw rapid population growth, primarily in the center of the country which increased demands for water. Furthermore, as the standard of living in the country rose, there was increased domestic water use. As a result of the 1994

text: Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace

text: , among other items, Israel agreed to transfer 50 million cubic metres of water annually to Jordan.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Jordan Valley Unified Water Plan,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 20%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: population growth,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: rapid population growth,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: increasing amounts were consumed as drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 420

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1948.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The National Water Carrier

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Israel

text: The World Health Organization Department of Food Safety and Zoonoses (FOS) provides scientific advice for organizations and the public on issues concerning the safety of food. Its mission is to lower the burden of foodborne disease, thereby strengthening the health security and sustainable development of Member States. Foodborne and waterborne diarrhoeal diseases kill an estimated 2.2 million people annually, most of whom are children. WHO works closely with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to address food safety issues along the entire food production chain—from production to consumption—using new methods of risk analysis. These methods provide efficient, science-based tools to improve food safety, thereby benefiting both public health and economic development.

text: The

text: World Health Organization

text: Department of Food Safety and Zoonoses (FOS) provides scientific advice for organizations and the public on issues concerning the safety of food. Its mission is to lower the burden of foodborne disease, thereby strengthening the health security and sustainable development of Member States. Foodborne and waterborne diarrhoeal diseases kill an estimated 2.2 million people annually, most of whom are children. WHO works closely with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to address food safety issues along the entire food production chain—from production to consumption—using new methods of risk analysis. These methods provide efficient, science-based tools to improve food safety, thereby benefiting both public health and economic development.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Zoonoses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: foodborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.2

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhoeal

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2.2

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2.2

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Zoonoses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: production to consumption—using

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Foodborne and waterborne diarrhoeal diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.2 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhoeal

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Foodborne and waterborne diarrhoeal diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Foodborne and waterborne diarrhoeal diseases

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: waterborne diarrhoeal diseases

text: The department offers undergraduate course with an intake of 60 students, diploma  with an intake of 60 students and a Postgraduate ( M.Tech ) course in Waste Water Management, Health and  Safety Engineering with an intake of 24 students.

text: The department offers undergraduate course with an intake of 60 students, diploma  with an intake of 60 students and a Postgraduate ( M.Tech ) course in Waste Water Management, Health and  Safety Engineering with an intake of 24 students.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Waste Water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 24

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Health and Safety Engineering

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Waste Water Management, Health and Safety Engineering

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 24

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 60

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Waste Water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 24

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 24

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 24

text: Nonpoint source (NPS) water pollution regulations are environmental regulations that restrict or limit water pollution from diffuse or nonpoint effluent sources such as polluted runoff from agricultural areas in a river catchments or wind-borne debris blowing out to sea. In the United States, governments have taken a number of legal and regulatory approaches to controlling NPS effluent. Nonpoint water pollution sources include, for example, leakage from underground storage tanks, storm water runoff, atmospheric deposition of contaminants, and golf course, agricultural, and forestry runoff. Nonpoint sources are the most significant single source of water pollution in the United States, accounting for almost half of all water pollution, and agricultural runoff is the single largest source of nonpoint source water pollution.  This water pollution has a number of detrimental effects on human health and the environment. Unlike point source pollution, nonpoint source pollution arises from numerous and diverse sources, making identification, monitoring, and regulation more complex.

text: Nonpoint source (NPS) water pollution regulations are environmental regulations that restrict or limit

text: water pollution

text: from diffuse or nonpoint

text: effluent

text: sources such as polluted

text: runoff

text: from agricultural areas in a river catchments or wind-borne debris blowing out to sea. In the United States, governments have taken a number of legal and regulatory approaches to controlling NPS effluent.

text: Nonpoint water pollution

text: sources include, for example, leakage from underground storage tanks, storm water runoff, atmospheric deposition of contaminants, and golf course, agricultural, and forestry runoff. Nonpoint sources are the most significant single source of

text: water pollution in the United States

text: , accounting for almost half of all water pollution, and agricultural runoff is the single largest source of nonpoint source water pollution.  This water pollution has a number of detrimental effects on human health and the environment. Unlike

text: point source

text: pollution, nonpoint source pollution arises from numerous and diverse sources, making identification, monitoring, and regulation more complex.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Nonpoint source (NPS)

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminants,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: numerous and diverse sources,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Nonpoint source

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: storm water runoff, atmospheric deposition of contaminants,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Nonpoint source (NPS)

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: point source pollution,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Nonpoint source

text: In August 2014 the city of Toledo, Ohio advised its 500,000 residents to not drink tap water as the high toxin level from an algal bloom in western Lake Erie had affected their water treatment plant's ability to treat the water to a safe level. The emergency required using bottled water for all normal uses except showering, which seriously affected public services and commercial businesses. The bloom returned in 2015 and was forecast again for the summer of 2016.

text: In August 2014 the city of

text: Toledo, Ohio

text: advised its 500,000 residents to not drink tap water as the high toxin level from an algal bloom in western

text: Lake Erie

text: had affected their water treatment plant's ability to treat the water to a safe level. The emergency required using bottled water for all normal uses except showering, which seriously affected public services and commercial businesses. The bloom returned in 2015 and was forecast again for the summer of 2016.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: algal

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: algal bloom in western Lake Erie

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: an algal bloom

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Lake Erie

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 500,000 residents to not drink tap water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: toxin

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: algal bloom

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: bottled water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 500,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: algal bloom

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: tap water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: bottled water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: bottled water

text: Many of the chemical substances are toxic. Pathogens can produce waterborne diseases in either human or animal hosts. Alteration of water's physical chemistry includes acidity (change in pH), electrical conductivity, temperature, and eutrophication. Eutrophication is an increase in the concentration of chemical nutrients in an ecosystem to an extent that increases in the primary productivity of the ecosystem. Depending on the degree of eutrophication, subsequent negative environmental effects such as anoxia (oxygen depletion) and severe reductions in water quality may occur, affecting fish and other animal populations.

text: Many of the chemical substances are

text: toxic

text: . Pathogens can produce

text: waterborne diseases

text: in either human or animal hosts. Alteration of water's physical chemistry includes acidity (change in

text: pH

text: electrical conductivity

text: , temperature, and

text: eutrophication

text: . Eutrophication is an increase in the concentration of chemical nutrients in an ecosystem to an extent that increases in the

text: primary productivity

text: of the ecosystem. Depending on the degree of eutrophication, subsequent negative environmental effects such as

text: anoxia

text: (oxygen depletion) and severe reductions in water quality may occur, affecting fish and other animal populations.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: toxic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: eutrophication

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pathogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: pathogens

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: eutrophication.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: produce waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: eutrophication.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Pathogens can produce waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: human

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Pathogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Pathogens can produce waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: eutrophication.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Pathogens can produce waterborne diseases in either human or animal hosts.

text: Pollution, trawling, and human development are major human disasters that affect coastal regions.  There are two main categories related to pollution, point source pollution, and nonpoint source pollution.  Point source pollution is when there is an exact location such as a pipeline or a body of water that leads into the rivers and oceans.  Known dumping into the ocean is also another point source of pollution.  Nonpoint source pollution would pertain more to fertilizer runoff, and industrial waste.  Examples of pollution that affect the coastal regions are but are not limited to; fertilizer runoff, oil spills, and dumping of hazardous materials into the oceans.  More human acts that hurt the coastline are as follows; waste discharge, fishing, dredging, mining, and drilling.  Oil spills are one of the most hazardous dangers towards coastal communities.  They are hard to contain, difficult to clean up, and devastate everything.  The fish, animals such as birds, the water, and especially the coastline near the spill.  The most recent oil spill that had everybody concerned with oil spill was the BP oil spill.

text: Pollution, trawling, and human development are major human disasters that affect coastal regions.  There are two main categories related to pollution,

text: point source pollution

text: , and

text: nonpoint source pollution

text: .  Point source pollution is when there is an exact location such as a pipeline or a body of water that leads into the rivers and oceans.  Known dumping into the ocean is also another point source of pollution.  Nonpoint source pollution would pertain more to fertilizer runoff, and industrial waste.  Examples of pollution that affect the coastal regions are but are not limited to; fertilizer runoff, oil spills, and dumping of hazardous materials into the oceans.  More human acts that hurt the coastline are as follows; waste discharge, fishing, dredging, mining, and drilling.  Oil spills are one of the most hazardous dangers towards coastal communities.  They are hard to contain, difficult to clean up, and devastate everything.  The fish, animals such as birds, the water, and especially the coastline near the spill.  The most recent oil spill that had everybody concerned with oil spill was the

text: BP oil spill

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oil spills

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Pollution,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: nonpoint source pollution.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: major human disasters that affect coastal regions.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Oil spills

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Oil spills

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: BP

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fertilizer runoff,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: oil spills,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Oil spills

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Oil spills

text: Although South Africa has one of the best, cleanest water out of all the countries in Southern Africa, many don’t have access to basic sanitations. A majority of Southern Africa’s accessible water is unclean, making the water vulnerable for water transmitted diseases to exist. Water-borne diseases such as Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E increase, while some of the water become so unclean that diseases such as: Typhoid fever, Leptospirosis, Schistosomiasis, and Bilharzia are transmitted through water contact.

text: Although South Africa has one of the best, cleanest water out of all the countries in Southern Africa, many don’t have access to basic sanitations. A majority of Southern Africa’s accessible water is unclean, making the water vulnerable for water transmitted diseases to exist. Water-borne diseases such as

text: Hepatitis A

text: and

text: Hepatitis E

text: increase, while some of the water become so unclean that diseases such as:

text: Typhoid fever

text: Leptospirosis

text: Schistosomiasis

text: , and

text: Bilharzia

text: are transmitted through water contact.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: unclean water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Hepatitis A

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: South Africa

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: South Africa

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water transmitted diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water contact.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water transmitted diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Schistosomiasis,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: many don’t have access to basic sanitations.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: cleanest water out of all the countries in Southern Africa,

text: The Department of Parks and Land Use (PLU), oversees six divisions that design and maintain county parks. The division also works with state and federal agencies. The planning division administers permits for construction and landscaping activities. The land conservation division works to educate on and regulate soil and water issues. Most programs look to control water runoff and soil erosion. The recycling and solid waste division oversees recycling and disposal programs. It also performs educational outreach on topics such as composting and waste reduction. The official mascot of the recycling division is Recycle Raccoon. The environmental health division oversees animal welfare issues, food safety, and air, water and sewage, and safety issues (such as radon testing, well testing, and septic system monitoring). The land information systems division coordinates databases of information relating to land use and development.

text: The Department of Parks and Land Use (PLU), oversees six divisions that design and maintain county parks. The division also works with state and federal agencies. The planning division administers permits for construction and landscaping activities. The land conservation division works to educate on and regulate soil and water issues. Most programs look to control water runoff and soil erosion. The recycling and solid waste division oversees recycling and disposal programs. It also performs educational outreach on topics such as composting and waste reduction. The official mascot of the recycling division is Recycle Raccoon. The environmental health division oversees animal welfare issues, food safety, and air, water and sewage, and safety issues (such as radon testing, well testing, and septic system monitoring). The land information systems division coordinates databases of information relating to land use and development.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: radon testing

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: radon

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Department of Parks and Land Use

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: radon testing, well testing, and septic system

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: animal welfare issues, food safety,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: radon testing, well testing, and septic system

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: radon testing,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: sewage,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: radon

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Department of Parks and Land Use

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Most programs look to control water runoff and soil erosion.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: radon testing, well testing, and septic system monitoring).

text: New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) are pollution control standards issued by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).  The term is used in the Clean Air Act Extension of 1970 (CAA) to refer to air pollution emission standards, and in the Clean Water Act (CWA) referring to standards for water pollution discharges of industrial wastewater to surface waters.

text: New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) are pollution control

text: standards

text: issued by the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA).  The term is used in the

text: Clean Air Act Extension of 1970

text: (CAA) to refer to

text: air pollution

text: emission standards, and in the

text: Clean Water Act

text: (CWA) referring to standards for

text: water pollution

text: discharges of

text: industrial wastewater

text: to

text: surface water

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: industrial wastewater to surface waters

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: industrial wastewater

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: New Source Performance Standards

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Clean Air Act Extension of 1970

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: industrial wastewater to surface waters.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: industrial wastewater to surface waters.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: New Source Performance Standards

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: industrial wastewater

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: New Source Performance Standards

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: New Source Performance Standards

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: New Source Performance Standards

text: There is some fishery, mainly Baltic herring, for domestic needs. A persistent problem has been pollution, because the sea is enclosed by a large drainage basin and is poorly connected to fresher waters from the Atlantic. Mercury and PCB levels have been relatively high, although the Finnish Food Safety Authority considers the herring edible. Although the levels exceed the limits, the fatty acids have health benefits that offset this risk.

text: There is some fishery, mainly

text: Baltic herring

text: , for domestic needs. A persistent problem has been pollution, because the sea is enclosed by a large drainage basin and is poorly connected to fresher waters from the Atlantic. Mercury and PCB levels have been relatively high, although the Finnish Food Safety Authority considers the herring edible. Although the levels exceed the limits, the fatty acids have health benefits that offset this risk.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: PCBs

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: fatty acids have health benefits

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: PCB

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Baltic herring,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Baltic herring,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Mercury and PCB

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: poorly connected to fresher waters

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Mercury and PCB

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Mercury and PCB

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Mercury and PCB

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Baltic herring,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: pollution, because the sea is enclosed by a large drainage basin

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Baltic herring, for domestic needs. A persistent problem has been pollution,

text: Most anarchists see class society as being the root cause of pollution. They argue that a small class of owners or controllers have the wealth to avoid the worst repercussions of pollution while a very much larger class of workers without such wealth have no say in the running of the workplace. Thus under capitalism and other class societies those who control workplaces are also those with the least interest in minimising pollution - indeed as most anti-pollution measures add to costs that class will have an interest in minimising such measures. Under capitalism pollution is often a product of externalising costs - that is a transfer of a pollutant from the property of the owner to a public river transfers the cost from the capitalist to society at large. The anarchist communist solution is to ensure that all those working and living within the ecosystem of a plant have control over all its outputs, including pollutants.

text: Most

text: anarchist

text: s see

text: class society

text: as being the root cause of pollution. They argue that a small

text: class

text: of owners or controllers have the wealth to avoid the worst repercussions of pollution while a very much larger class of workers without such wealth have no say in the running of the

text: workplace

text: . Thus under capitalism and other class societies those who control workplaces are also those with the least interest in minimising pollution - indeed as most anti-pollution measures add to costs that class will have an interest in minimising such measures. Under capitalism pollution is often a product of externalising costs - that is a transfer of a pollutant from the property of the owner to a public river transfers the cost from the capitalist to

text: society

text: at large. The anarchist communist solution is to ensure that all those working and living within the

text: ecosystem

text: of a plant have control over all its outputs, including pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: class society

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: river

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: public river

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: class society

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: river

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: river

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Most anarchists

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: anti-pollution measures

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Most anarchists see class society as being the root cause of pollution.

text: Acid mine drainage results when surface and ground water combine with sulfuric rock from the mines, causing a sulfuric acid. The sulfuric acid causes leaching of iron, manganese, lead, copper, zinc and cadmium from the rock it interacts with. Acid mine drainage is caused by both abandoned mines and mines in current excavation. Acid mine drainage (AMD) is responsible for surface water pollution in the mid-Atlantic region, as well. In 2012, a report published by the Colorado Division of Reclamation Mining and Safety (DRMS) described the abandoned mine land (AML) areas with greatest need for remediation. Most of these sites no longer have an entity accountable for the costs associated with remediation.

text: Acid mine drainage

text: results when surface and

text: ground water

text: combine with sulfuric rock from the mines, causing a

text: sulfuric acid

text: . The sulfuric acid causes leaching of iron,

text: manganese

text: lead

text: copper

text: zinc

text: and

text: cadmium

text: from the rock it interacts with. Acid mine drainage is caused by both abandoned mines and mines in current excavation. Acid mine drainage (AMD) is responsible for surface water pollution in the mid-Atlantic region, as well. In 2012, a report published by the

text: Colorado Division of Reclamation Mining and Safety

text: (DRMS) described the abandoned mine land (AML) areas with greatest need for remediation. Most of these sites no longer have an entity accountable for the costs associated with remediation.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: acid mine drainage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Acid mine drainage

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: ground water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Acid mine drainage

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Acid mine drainage results when surface and ground water combine with sulfuric rock

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Acid mine drainage

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: lead, copper, zinc and cadmium

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Acid mine drainage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Acid mine drainage

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: remediation.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Acid mine drainage

text: Protests against Arctic drilling began in Seattle in 2015 in response to the news that the Port of Seattle authority made an agreement with Royal Dutch Shell to berth offshore drillships and semi-submersibles at the Port's Terminal 5 (T5) during the off-season of oil exploration in Alaskan waters of the Arctic. Hundreds of protesters took to Elliott Bay in kayaks, rafts, and other small boats, both as a demonstration and to interrupt docking of Shell's Polar Pioneer semi-submersible drilling vessel at Terminal 5. The waterborne demonstrators were dubbed kayaktivists by social and news media.

text: Protests against Arctic drilling began in

text: Seattle

text: in 2015 in response to the news that the

text: Port of Seattle

text: authority

text: made an agreement with

text: Royal Dutch Shell

text: to berth

text: offshore

text: drillship

text: s and

text: semi-submersible

text: s at the Port's Terminal 5 (T5) during the off-season of

text: oil exploration

text: in

text: Alaska

text: n waters of the

text: Arctic

text: . Hundreds of protesters took to

text: Elliott Bay

text: in

text: kayak

text: s, rafts, and other small boats, both as a demonstration and to interrupt docking of Shell's Polar Pioneer semi-submersible drilling vessel at Terminal 5. The waterborne demonstrators were dubbed

text: kayaktivists

text: by

text: social

text: and

text: news media

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oil exploration in Alaskan waters

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Hundreds of protesters took to Elliott Bay

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: dubbed kayaktivists

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: kayaktivists

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: off-season

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: kayaktivists

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: kayaks,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: kayaktivists

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: kayaktivists

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: kayaktivists

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: kayaktivists

text: Also, pursuant to its authority granted to it by the Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, NIOSH may "develop recommendations for mine health standards for the Mine Safety and Health Administration", "administer a medical surveillance program for miners, including chest X‑rays to detect pneumoconiosis (black lung disease) in coal miners", "conduct on-site investigations in mines similar to those authorized for general industry under the Occupational Safety and Health Act; and "test and certify personal protective equipment and hazard-measurement instruments".

text: Also, pursuant to its authority granted to it by the

entity_name: Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977

text: Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977

text: , NIOSH may "develop recommendations for mine health standards for the

text: Mine Safety and Health Administration

text: ", "administer a medical surveillance program for miners, including chest X‑rays to detect

text: pneumoconiosis

text: black lung

text: disease) in coal miners", "conduct on-site investigations in mines similar to those authorized for general industry under the

entity_name: Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States)

text: Occupational Safety and Health Act

text: ; and "test and certify

text: personal protective equipment

text: and hazard-measurement instruments".

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: hazard

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with viruses

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: black lung disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: hazard-measurement instruments".

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hazard-measurement instruments".

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: pneumoconiosis

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pneumoconiosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: pneumoconiosis

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977,

text: A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) is a regulatory term in the U.S. Clean Water Act, describing a value of the maximum amount of a pollutant that a body of water can receive while still meeting water quality standards. Alternatively, TMDL is an allocation of that water pollutant deemed acceptable to the subject receiving waters.TMDLs have been used extensively by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state environmental agencies in implementing the Clean Water Act by establishing maximum pollution limits for industrial wastewater dischargers.  EPA published regulations in 1992 establishing TMDL procedures. Application of TMDL has broadened significantly in the last decade to include many watershed-scale efforts.  This process incorporates both point source and nonpoint source pollutants within a watershed.

text: A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) is a regulatory term in the U.S.

text: Clean Water Act

text: , describing a value of the maximum amount of a

text: pollutant

text: that a

text: body of water

text: can receive while still meeting

text: water quality standards

text: . Alternatively, TMDL is an allocation of that

text: water pollutant

text: deemed acceptable to the subject

text: receiving water

text: s.TMDLs have been used extensively by the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) and state environmental agencies in implementing the Clean Water Act by establishing maximum pollution limits for

text: industrial wastewater

text: dischargers.  EPA published regulations in 1992 establishing TMDL procedures. Application of TMDL has broadened significantly in the last decade to include many watershed-scale efforts.  This process incorporates both

text: point source

text: and

text: nonpoint source

text: pollutants within a

text: watershed

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: nonpoint source pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: industrial wastewater dischargers

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: A Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: point source and nonpoint source pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: A Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: watershed-scale efforts.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

text: The slick itself reached Harbin before dawn on November 24. On that day, the nitrobenzene level at Harbin was recorded at 16.87 times above the national safety level, while the benzene level was increasing, but had not yet exceeded national safety level. The nitrobenzene level doubled on November 25 (0.5805 mg/L), 33.15 times the national safety level, and began to decrease. The benzene level stayed under national safety level. At the same time, the tail of the slick left Zhaoyuan, Daqing, Heilongjiang. Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council visited Harbin on November 26 to inspect the current situation, including the status of water pollution and water supply.

text: The slick itself reached Harbin before dawn on November 24. On that day, the nitrobenzene level at Harbin was recorded at 16.87 times above the national safety level, while the benzene level was increasing, but had not yet exceeded national safety level. The nitrobenzene level doubled on November 25 (0.5805 mg/L), 33.15 times the national safety level, and began to decrease. The benzene level stayed under national safety level. At the same time, the tail of the slick left

text: Zhaoyuan

text: Daqing

text: Heilongjiang

text: Premier

text: Wen Jiabao

text: of the

entity_name: State Council of the People's Republic of China

text: State Council

text: visited Harbin on November 26 to inspect the current situation, including the status of water pollution and water supply.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: nitrobenzene

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The slick itself reached Harbin before dawn on November 24.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 16.87 times above the national safety level,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: nitrobenzene

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 16.87 times above the national safety level,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: nitrobenzene

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 16.87 times above the national safety level,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 16.87 times above the national safety level,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 16.87 times above the national safety level,

text: The Maritime and Coastguard Agency was formed in 1998 to look after safety in British waters. It coordinates the search rescue services and determines safety standards. It incorporated the Coastguard Agency, that had been formed from Her Majesty's Coastguard, and the Marine Safety Agency.

text: The

text: Maritime and Coastguard Agency

text: was formed in 1998 to look after safety in British waters. It coordinates the search rescue services and determines safety standards. It incorporated the Coastguard Agency, that had been formed from

text: Her Majesty's Coastguard

text: , and the Marine Safety Agency.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with toxins

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: British

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Maritime and Coastguard Agency

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Maritime and Coastguard Agency

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safety in British waters.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waters.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Maritime and Coastguard Agency

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: British

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: waters.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Maritime and Coastguard Agency

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Maritime and Coastguard Agency

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: British waters.

text: The major environmental issues in Argentina are pollution and the loss of agricultural lands. The soil is threatened by erosion, salinization, and deforestation. Air pollution is also a problem due to chemical agents from industrial sources. The water supply is threatened by uncontrolled dumping of pesticides, hydrocarbons, and heavy metals. Argentina has a renewable water supply of 276 cubic km. In 2002, some 97% of all city dwellers and over 70% of rural dwellers had access to improved water sources. In 2000, about 12.7% of the land area contained forest and woodland.

text: The major environmental issues in Argentina are

text: pollution

text: and the loss of agricultural lands. The soil is threatened by

text: erosion

text: salinization

text: , and

text: deforestation

text: Air pollution

text: is also a problem due to chemical agents from industrial sources. The water supply is threatened by uncontrolled dumping of

text: pesticide

text: s,

text: hydrocarbon

text: s, and

text: heavy metal

text: s. Argentina has a renewable water supply of 276 cubic km. In 2002, some 97% of all city dwellers and over 70% of rural dwellers had access to improved water sources. In 2000, about 12.7% of the land area contained forest and woodland.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: chemical agents

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: dumping of pesticides

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The major environmental issues in Argentina are pollution and the loss of agricultural lands.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 97%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: chemical agents from industrial sources.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: uncontrolled dumping of pesticides,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pesticides, hydrocarbons, and heavy metals.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 276 cubic km.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pesticides,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 97% of all city dwellers and over 70% of rural dwellers

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The water supply is threatened by uncontrolled dumping of pesticides,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The water supply is threatened by uncontrolled dumping of pesticides,

text: According to the Palestinian Environmental NGOs Network, "The public health and safety and environmental hazards stemming from the damage caused to infrastructure as a result of this military operation include water shortages, contaminated remaining drinking water, uncontrolled discharge and untreated sewage flowing in the streets resulting in groundwater pollution, pollution of agricultural land which Gazans will now be unable to cultivate to harvest crops, negatively impacting their earning."

text: According to the

text: Palestinian Environmental NGOs Network

text: , "The public health and safety and environmental hazards stemming from the damage caused to infrastructure as a result of this military operation include

text: water shortages

text: , contaminated remaining

text: drinking water

text: , uncontrolled discharge and

text: untreated sewage

text: flowing in the streets resulting in

text: groundwater pollution

text: , pollution of agricultural land which Gazans will now be unable to cultivate to harvest crops, negatively impacting their earning."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Gazans

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminated remaining drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water shortages, contaminated remaining drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Palestinian Environmental NGOs Network,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminated remaining drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated remaining drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Palestinian Environmental NGOs Network,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminated remaining drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated remaining drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: contaminated remaining drinking water, uncontrolled discharge and untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: contaminated remaining drinking water,

text: The Iago sparrow is gregarious while foraging and breeding. Outside of the breeding season, Iago sparrows are always in flocks, which may be of considerable size. It flocks with other birds, even warblers such as the blackcap and the Cape Verde warbler. The Iago sparrow is not very shy toward humans, allowing them to approach, even while it is at its nest. Birds on the isolated and uninhabited island of Raso will even perch on human visitors with little fear. Because of the scarcity of water to drink in its habitat, it has a strong attraction to sources of water, and large flocks may congregate when humans provide water it can drink. It often is seen dust bathing in small groups, a behavior necessary to keep clean with a paucity of water.

text: The Iago sparrow is gregarious while foraging and breeding. Outside of the breeding season, Iago sparrows are always in flocks, which may be of considerable size. It flocks with other birds, even warblers such as the

text: blackcap

text: and the

text: Cape Verde warbler

text: . The Iago sparrow is not very shy toward humans, allowing them to approach, even while it is at its nest. Birds on the isolated and uninhabited island of Raso will even perch on human visitors with little fear. Because of the scarcity of water to drink in its habitat, it has a strong attraction to sources of water, and large flocks may congregate when humans provide water it can drink. It often is seen

text: dust bathing

text: in small groups, a behavior necessary to keep clean with a paucity of water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: humans provide water to drink

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dust bathing

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Raso

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: scarcity

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: humans,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: paucity of water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: dust bathing in small groups,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dust bathing

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: large flocks may congregate when humans provide water it can drink.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: large flocks may congregate when humans provide water it can drink.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: scarcity of water to drink in its habitat,

text: The environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing affects land use and water consumption, methane emissions, air emissions, water contamination, noise pollution, and health. Water and air pollution are the biggest risks to human health from hydraulic fracturing. Research is underway to determine if human health has been affected, and rigorous adherence to regulation and safety procedures is required to avoid harm. Noise from hydraulic fracturing and associated transport can also affect residents and local wildlife.

text: The environmental impact of

text: hydraulic fracturing

text: affects land use and water consumption, methane emissions, air emissions, water contamination, noise pollution, and health. Water and air pollution are the biggest risks to human health from hydraulic fracturing. Research is underway to determine if human health has been affected, and rigorous adherence to regulation and safety procedures is required to avoid harm. Noise from hydraulic fracturing and associated transport can also affect residents and local wildlife.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water consumption, methane emissions,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water and air pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water contamination,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Water and air pollution

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water contamination, noise pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: rigorous adherence to regulation and safety procedures is required to avoid harm.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water and air pollution are the biggest risks to human health

text: The Najafgarh drain or Najafgarh nallah (nallah in Hindi means drain)  is just another name for the River Sahibi which continues its flow through Delhi where it is channelized due to flood control purposes, it is a tributary to River Yamuna in which it outfalls here. Within Delhi it is erroneously called "Najafgarh drain" or "Najafgarh nallah"', it gets this name from the once famous and huge Najafgarh Jheel (lake) near the town of Najafgarh in southwest Delhi and within urbanized Delhi it is the Indian Capital’s most polluted water body due to direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. A January 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board clubs this drain with 13 other highly polluted wetlands under category ‘‘D ’’ for assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats.

text: The Najafgarh drain or Najafgarh nallah (nallah in

text: Hindi

text: means drain)  is just another name for the

text: River Sahibi

text: which continues its flow through

text: Delhi

text: where it is channelized due to flood control purposes, it is a

text: tributary

text: to River Yamuna in which it outfalls here. Within Delhi it is erroneously called "Najafgarh drain" or "Najafgarh nallah"', it gets this name from the once famous and huge Najafgarh Jheel (lake) near the town of

text: Najafgarh

text: in southwest Delhi and within urbanized Delhi it is the Indian Capital’s most polluted water body due to direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. A January 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board clubs this drain with 13 other highly polluted wetlands under category ‘‘D ’’ for assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: River Sahibi

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Najafgarh drain

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Najafgarh drain

text: The AWSC is committed to improving Water Safety in Australia as demonstrated through the production and implementation of two National Water Safety Plans. These plans have generated bipartisan support for Water Safety in Australia and have seen the improvement of Water Safety throughout the country. The AWSC member bodies continue to demonstrate their commitment to Water Safety by directing resources of their respective organisations towards the development and implementation of the Australian Water Safety Strategy.

text: The AWSC is committed to improving Water Safety in Australia as demonstrated through the production and implementation of two National Water Safety Plans. These plans have generated bipartisan support for Water Safety in Australia and have seen the improvement of Water Safety throughout the country. The AWSC member bodies continue to demonstrate their commitment to Water Safety by directing resources of their respective organisations towards the development and implementation of the Australian Water Safety Strategy.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Australia

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The AWSC

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water Safety in Australia

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water Safety

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: bipartisan support

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: National Water Safety Plans.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Australia

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: National Water Safety Plans.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: National Water Safety Plans.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: National Water Safety Plans.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Australia as demonstrated through the production and implementation of two National Water Safety Plans.

text: This natural resource is becoming scarcer in certain places, and its availability is a major social and economic concern. Currently, about a billion people around the world routinely drink unhealthy water. Most countries accepted the goal of halving by 2015 the number of people worldwide who do not have access to safe water and sanitation during the 2003 G8 Evian summit. Even if this difficult goal is met, it will still leave more than an estimated half a billion people without access to safe drinking water and over a billion without access to adequate sanitation. Poor water quality and bad sanitation are deadly; some five million deaths a year are caused by polluted drinking water. The World Health Organization estimates that safe water could prevent 1.4 million child deaths from diarrhea each year.

text: This natural resource is becoming scarcer in certain places, and its availability is a major social and economic concern. Currently, about a billion people around the world routinely drink unhealthy water. Most countries accepted the goal of halving by 2015 the number of people worldwide who do not have access to safe water and

text: sanitation

text: during the

text: 2003 G8 Evian summit

text: . Even if this difficult goal is met, it will still leave more than an estimated half a billion people without access to safe drinking water and over a billion without access to adequate sanitation. Poor

text: water quality

text: and bad sanitation are deadly; some five million deaths a year are caused by polluted drinking water. The

text: World Health Organization

text: estimates that

text: safe water

text: could prevent 1.4 million child deaths from

text: diarrhea

text: each year.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: bad sanitation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: five million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: half a billion people without access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: halving

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: deadly;

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Poor water quality and bad sanitation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: polluted drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: five million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: about a billion people around the world routinely drink unhealthy water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Poor water quality and bad sanitation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Poor water quality and bad sanitation

text: Section 85 of the WRA is concerned with the offence of polluting controlled water. The purpose of the section is to impose criminal liability on those who pollute natural water resources. The main offence states that it is an offence to cause or knowingly permit poisonous, noxious, or polluting matter or any solid waste to enter any controlled waters. Further offences, for example, a breach of conditions in a discharge consent, are also introduced by s.85.

text: Section 85 of the WRA is concerned with the offence of polluting controlled water. The purpose of the section is to impose criminal liability on those who pollute natural water resources. The main offence states that it is an offence to cause or knowingly permit poisonous, noxious, or polluting matter or any solid waste to enter any controlled waters. Further offences, for example, a breach of conditions in a discharge consent, are also introduced by s.85.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: poisonous

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluting controlled water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: noxious

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Section 85

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: poisonous,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: enter any controlled waters.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Section 85

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 85

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: poisonous,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Section 85

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Section 85

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Section 85

text: Water scarcity has been grappling the people of Singngat since time immemorial. People have to undergo tremendous hardships in fetching water to as far away a tiny stream at over one to two kilometers, everyday, which sometimes is just barely a trickle from a small rivulet. To address the issue of perennial scarcity of drinking water, certain initiatives had been undertaken in the past. These are as follows:

text: Water scarcity has been grappling the people of Singngat since time immemorial. People have to undergo tremendous hardships in fetching water to as far away a tiny stream at over one to two kilometers, everyday, which sometimes is just barely a trickle from a small rivulet. To address the issue of perennial scarcity of drinking water, certain initiatives had been undertaken in the past. These are as follows:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Singngat

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: scarcity of drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water scarcity has been grappling the people of Singngat

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: scarcity of drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: certain initiatives

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: one to two kilometers,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water scarcity has been grappling the people of Singngat

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water scarcity has been grappling the people of Singngat

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: certain initiatives had been undertaken in the past.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: certain initiatives

text: According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, an average of 350,000 tons of waterborne commerce moves through Fort Pierce Harbor annually.  Major commodities which are dependent on the port include citrus exports, cement and aragonite imports.  The last navigation improvements at Fort Pierce were authorized by the U.S. Congress in the Water Resources Development Act of 1988 dated November 17, 1988 and construction was completed in August 1996. The existing entrance channel is 400 feet wide and 30 feet deep, the interior channel is 250 feet wide and 28 feet deep, the existing turning basin is 1,100 feet square and 28 feet deep, and the north access channel is located immediately north of the main turning basin is 1,250 feet long, 250 feet wide and 28 feet deep.

text: According to the

text: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

text: , an average of 350,000 tons of waterborne commerce moves through

text: Fort Pierce Harbor

text: annually.  Major commodities which are dependent on the port include

text: citrus

text: exports,

text: cement

text: and

text: aragonite

text: imports.  The last navigation improvements at

text: Fort Pierce

text: were authorized by the

text: U.S. Congress

text: in the

text: Water Resources Development Act of 1988

text: dated November 17, 1988 and construction was completed in August 1996. The existing entrance channel is 400 feet wide and 30 feet deep, the interior channel is 250 feet wide and 28 feet deep, the existing turning basin is 1,100 feet square and 28 feet deep, and the north access channel is located immediately north of the main turning basin is 1,250 feet long, 250 feet wide and 28 feet deep.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water Resources Development Act of 1988

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne commerce

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne commerce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water Resources Development Act of 1988

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 350,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: citrus exports,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water Resources Development Act of 1988

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water Resources Development Act of 1988

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water Resources Development Act of 1988

text: The UN World Water Development Report (WWDR, 2003) from the World Water Assessment Program indicates that, in the next 20 years, the quantity of water available to everyone is predicted to decrease by 30%. 40% of the world's inhabitants currently have insufficient fresh water for minimal hygiene. More than 2.2 million people died in 2000 from waterborne diseases (related to the consumption of contaminated water) or drought. In 2004, the UK charity WaterAid reported that a child dies every 15 seconds from easily preventable water-related diseases; often this means lack of sewage disposal; see toilet.

text: The

text: UN World Water Development Report

text: (WWDR, 2003) from the

text: World Water Assessment Program

text: indicates that, in the next 20 years, the quantity of water available to everyone is predicted to decrease by 30%. 40% of the world's inhabitants currently have insufficient fresh water for minimal

text: hygiene

text: . More than 2.2 million people died in 2000 from

text: waterborne diseases

text: (related to the consumption of contaminated water) or

text: drought

text: . In 2004, the UK charity

text: WaterAid

text: reported that a child dies every 15 seconds from easily preventable water-related diseases; often this means lack of

text: sewage

text: disposal; see

text: toilet

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: consumption of contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.2

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: the consumption of contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The UN World Water Development Report

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 40%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of sewage disposal;

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: a child dies every 15 seconds from easily preventable water-related diseases;

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: a child dies every 15 seconds

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: consumption of contaminated water)

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated water)

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: a child dies every 15 seconds from easily preventable water-related diseases;

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: More than 2.2 million people died in 2000 from waterborne diseases

text: The most reliable way to kill microbial pathogenic agents is to heat water to a rolling boil. Other techniques, such as varying forms of filtration, chemical disinfection, and exposure to ultraviolet radiation (including solar UV) have been demonstrated in an array of randomized control trials to significantly reduce levels of waterborne disease among users in low-income countries.

text: The most reliable way to kill microbial pathogenic agents is to heat water to a rolling boil. Other techniques, such as varying forms of filtration, chemical disinfection, and exposure to ultraviolet radiation (including solar UV) have been demonstrated in an array of randomized control trials to significantly reduce levels of waterborne disease among users in low-income countries.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: microbial pathogenic agents

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: randomized control trials to significantly reduce levels of waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: low-income countries.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: low-income countries.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: low-income countries.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: heat water to a rolling boil.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: low-income countries.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: low-income countries.

text: According to a report published in October 2011 by the French Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, between 21 March and mid-July around 2.7 × 10 Bq of caesium-137 (about 8.4 kg) entered the ocean, about 82 percent having flowed into the sea before 8 April. This emission of radioactivity into the sea represents the most important individual emission of artificial radioactivity into the sea ever observed. However, the Fukushima coast has some of the world's strongest currents and these transported the contaminated waters far into the Pacific Ocean, thus causing great dispersion of the radioactive elements. The results of measurements of both the seawater and the coastal sediments led to the supposition that the consequences of the accident, in terms of radioactivity, would be minor for marine life as of autumn 2011 (weak concentration of radioactivity in the water and limited accumulation in sediments). On the other hand, significant pollution of sea water along the coast near the nuclear plant might persist, because of the continuing arrival of radioactive material transported towards the sea by surface water running over contaminated soil. Further, some coastal areas might have less-favorable dilution or sedimentation characteristics than those observed so far. Finally, the possible presence of other persistent radioactive substances, such as strontium-90 or plutonium, has not been sufficiently studied. Recent measurements show persistent contamination of some marine species (mostly fish) caught along the coast of Fukushima district. Organisms that filter water and fish at the top of the food chain are, over time, the most sensitive to caesium pollution. It is thus justified to maintain surveillance of marine life that is fished in the coastal waters off Fukushima. Despite caesium isotopic concentration in the waters off of Japan being 10 to 1000 times above concentration prior to the accident, radiation risks are below what is generally considered harmful to marine animals and human consumers.

text: According to a report published in October 2011 by the

entity_name: Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire

text: French Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: marine species

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated soil

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: caesium

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: surface water running over contaminated soil.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 82 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Organisms that filter water and fish at the top of the food chain

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: over time, the most sensitive to caesium pollution.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated soil.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: contaminated soil.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: running over contaminated soil.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated soil.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: surface water running over contaminated soil.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: radiation risks are below what is generally considered harmful to marine animals and human consumers.

text: The communities that support walking buses may see reduced congestion around school grounds. The walking bus is a non-polluting and sustainable transport alternative to cars and buses. In regards to the safety of the walking bus; the section about Safe Routes to School below goes into more detail about improvements being made to increase the safety for commuting pedestrians.

text: The communities that support walking buses may see reduced congestion around school grounds. The walking bus is a non-polluting and sustainable transport alternative to cars and buses. In regards to the safety of the walking bus; the section about Safe Routes to School below goes into more detail about improvements being made to increase the safety for commuting pedestrians.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluting

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person ingests it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The communities that support walking buses may see reduced congestion around school grounds.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: a non-polluting

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: non-polluting

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: non-polluting

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The walking bus is a non-polluting

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: non-polluting

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: non-polluting

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The communities that support walking buses may see reduced congestion around school grounds.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The walking bus is a non-polluting

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The walking bus

text: Water scarcity is both a natural and human-made phenomenon. It is thus essential to break it down into two general types: Economic scarcity and physical scarcity. Economic scarcity refers to the fact that finding a reliable source of safe water is time consuming and expensive. Alternatively, physical scarcity is when there simply is not enough water within a given region.

text: Water scarcity is both a natural and human-made phenomenon. It is thus essential to break it down into two general types: Economic scarcity and physical scarcity. Economic scarcity refers to the fact that finding a reliable source of safe water is time consuming and expensive. Alternatively, physical scarcity is when there simply is not enough water within a given region.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: economic scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: economic scarcity

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: non-existent

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: economic scarcity

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: physical scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: human-made phenomenon.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: there simply is not enough water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Economic scarcity and physical scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Economic scarcity and physical scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Economic scarcity

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Economic scarcity and physical scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Economic scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Economic scarcity and physical scarcity.

text: The Early Warning System was created in order to integrate real time water quality monitoring with the use of river gauges and water quality sensors that analyze and provide data to craft models that can project the downstream spread and estimated arrival of pollution caused by spills, accidents, and floods. This system assists experts in planning responses to pollution and sends notifications via telephone and email to alert safety officials when these spills have occurred. The warning system was created as a part of the Source Water Protection program. It runs from the Delaware Water Gap to Wilmington, Delaware, and sounds alarms when events such as spills or flooding occur.

text: The Early Warning System was created in order to integrate real time

text: water quality

text: monitoring with the use of

text: river gauge

text: s and water quality sensors that analyze and provide data to craft models that can project the downstream spread and estimated arrival of pollution caused by spills, accidents, and

text: floods

text: . This system assists experts in planning responses to pollution and sends notifications via telephone and email to alert safety officials when these spills have occurred. The warning system was created as a part of the Source Water Protection program. It runs from the Delaware Water Gap to Wilmington, Delaware, and sounds alarms when events such as spills or flooding occur.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: spills occur

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Early Warning System

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Delaware Water Gap to Wilmington, Delaware,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution caused by spills, accidents, and floods.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: spills, accidents, and floods.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Early Warning System

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Delaware Water Gap to Wilmington, Delaware,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: spills, accidents, and floods.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Early Warning System

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: spills, accidents, and floods.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Early Warning System

text: Water quality has improved and, partially in recognition of this improvement, the Cuyahoga was designated one of 14 American Heritage Rivers in 1998. Despite these efforts, pollution continues to exist in the Cuyahoga River due to other sources of pollution, including urban runoff, nonpoint source problems, combined sewer overflows, and stagnation due to water impounded by dams. For this reason, the Environmental Protection Agency classified portions of the Cuyahoga River watershed as one of 43 Great Lakes Areas of Concern. The most polluted portions of the river now generally meet established aquatic life water quality standards except near dam impoundments. The reasons for not meeting standards near the dam pools are habitat and fish passage issues rather than water quality. River reaches that were once devoid of fish now support 44 species. The most recent survey in 2008 revealed the two most common species in the river were hogsuckers and spotfin shiners, both moderately sensitive to water quality. Habitat issues within the  navigation channel still preclude a robust fishery in that reach. Recreation water quality standards (using bacteria as indicators) are generally met during dry weather conditions, but are often exceeded during significant rains due to nonpoint sources and combined sewer overflows.

text: Water quality

text: has improved and, partially in recognition of this improvement, the Cuyahoga was designated one of 14

text: American Heritage River

text: s in 1998. Despite these efforts, pollution continues to exist in the Cuyahoga River due to other sources of pollution, including

text: urban runoff

text: nonpoint source

text: problems,

text: combined sewer overflow

text: s, and

text: stagnation

text: due to water impounded by dams. For this reason, the Environmental Protection Agency classified portions of the Cuyahoga River

text: watershed

text: as one of 43

text: Great Lakes Areas of Concern

text: . The most polluted portions of the river now generally meet established

text: aquatic life

text: water quality standards except near dam impoundments. The reasons for not meeting standards near the dam pools are habitat and fish passage issues rather than water quality. River reaches that were once devoid of fish now support 44 species. The most recent survey in 2008 revealed the two most common species in the river were

text: hogsucker

text: s and

text: spotfin shiners

text: , both moderately sensitive to water quality. Habitat issues within the  navigation

text: channel

text: still preclude a robust fishery in that reach. Recreation water quality standards (using bacteria as indicators) are generally met during dry weather conditions, but are often exceeded during significant rains due to nonpoint sources and combined sewer overflows.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: significant rains

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: the Cuyahoga was designated one of 14 American Heritage Rivers

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water quality has improved

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: significant rains

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: urban runoff,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: urban runoff,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: urban runoff,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: pollution continues to exist in the Cuyahoga River

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water quality has improved

text: TRA is now the major surface transport conference in Europe and supported by the European Commission, the European Technology Platforms for Road, Rail and Water (ERTRAC, ERRAC and Waterborne respectively) and the Conference of European Directors of Roads (CEDR). TRA takes place every two years.

text: TRA is now the major surface transport conference in Europe and supported by the European Commission, the

entity_name: Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development

text: European Technology Platform

text: s for Road, Rail and Water (ERTRAC, ERRAC and Waterborne respectively) and the Conference of European Directors of Roads (CEDR). TRA takes place every two years.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: TRA is now the major surface transport conference in Europe

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: TRA is now the major surface transport conference in Europe

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: TRA is now the major surface transport conference in Europe

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: TRA is now the major surface transport conference in Europe

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: TRA is now the major surface transport conference in Europe

text: Approximately 400 First Nation communities in Canada have had, and continue to have serious problems with the quality of their drinking water. The residents of Neskantaga First Nation in Ontario have been forced to boil their water for the past 20 years to make it safe. The newly elected Prime Minister Justin Trudeau promised to solve the drinking water problem within five years, by investing $1.8 billion dollars.

text: Approximately 400 First Nation communities in Canada have had, and continue to have serious problems with the quality of their drinking water. The residents of Neskantaga First Nation in Ontario have been forced to boil their water for the past 20 years to make it safe. The newly elected Prime Minister

text: Justin Trudeau

text: promised to solve the drinking water problem within five years, by investing $1.8 billion dollars.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: iv.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Approximately 400 First Nation communities in Canada

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Approximately 400

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: quality of their drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: serious problems with the quality of their drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 400

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: boil their water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: problems with the quality of their drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: investing $1.8 billion dollars.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Approximately 400 First Nation communities in Canada

text: Agriculture is the largest user of the world's freshwater resources, consuming 70 percent. As the world population rises it consumes more food (currently exceeding 6%, it is expected to reach 9% by 2050), the industries and urban developments expand, and the emerging biofuel crops trade also demands a share of freshwater resources, water scarcity is becoming an important issue. An assessment of water resource management in agriculture was conducted in 2007 by the International Water Management Institute in Sri Lanka to see if the world had sufficient water to provide food for its growing population or not . It assessed the current availability of water for agriculture on a global scale and mapped out locations suffering from water scarcity. It found that a fifth of the world's people, more than 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity, where there is not enough water to meet all their demands. A further 1.6 billion people live in areas experiencing economic water scarcity, where the lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity make it impossible for authorities to satisfy the demand for water.

text: Agriculture

text: is the largest user of the world's freshwater resources, consuming 70 percent. As the

text: world population

text: rises it consumes more food (currently exceeding 6%, it is expected to reach 9% by 2050), the industries and

text: urban development

text: s expand, and the emerging

text: biofuel

text: crops trade also demands a share of freshwater resources,

text: water scarcity

text: is becoming an important issue. An assessment of water resource management in agriculture was conducted in 2007 by the

entity_name: International Water Management Institute

text: International Water Management Institute

text: in

text: Sri Lanka

text: to see if the world had sufficient water to provide food for its growing population or not . It assessed the current availability of water for agriculture on a global scale and mapped out locations suffering from water scarcity. It found that a fifth of the world's people, more than 1.2 billion, live in areas of

text: physical water scarcity

text: , where there is not enough water to meet all their demands. A further 1.6 billion people live in areas experiencing

text: economic water scarcity

text: , where the lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity make it impossible for authorities to satisfy the demand for water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: a fifth

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.2 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: fifth

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Agriculture is the largest user of the world's freshwater resources,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.2 billion,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 9% by 2050),

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: the lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 9% by 2050),

text: Bottled water is bought for many different reasons including taste, convenience, poor tap water quality and safety concerns, health concerns and as a substitute for sugary drinks. The environmental impact, container safety, water origin, emergency supplies and role of the bottled water industry continue to be areas of concern for many people.

text: Bottled water is bought for many different reasons including taste,

text: convenience

text: , poor

text: tap water

text: quality

text: and safety concerns, health concerns and as a substitute for sugary drinks. The environmental impact, container safety, water origin, emergency supplies and role of the bottled water industry continue to be areas of concern for many people.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: poor tap water quality and safety concerns

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Bottled water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: tap water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: health

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: poor tap water quality

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: health concerns

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: poor tap water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Bottled water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Bottled water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Bottled water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Bottled water

text: The grey water footprint is the volume of polluted water that associates with the production of all goods and services for the individual or community. The latter can be estimated as the volume of water that is required to dilute pollutants to such an extent that the quality of the water remains at or above agreed water quality standards. It is calculated as:

text: The grey water footprint is the volume of

text: polluted water

text: that associates with the production of all goods and services for the individual or community. The latter can be estimated as the volume of water that is required to dilute pollutants to such an extent that the quality of the water remains at or above agreed water quality standards. It is calculated as:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The grey water footprint

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: above agreed water quality standards.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: dilute pollutants

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The grey water footprint

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: The grey water footprint is the volume of polluted water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The grey water footprint is the volume of polluted water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The grey water footprint

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: volume of water that is required to dilute pollutants

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The grey water footprint

text: The majority of waterborne illnesses are enteric diseases (i.e. intestinal diseases) transmitted through the fecal-oral route. In the transmission pathways of disease through water contamination, human feces from public defecation end up in water sewages and non-recycling latrines, which is then collected in the local surface waters by rainfall and ingested by local inhabitants through direct exposure, absorption and ingestion. Surface waters are the main drinking-water source for the communities of Northern Region, Ghana.

text: The majority of waterborne illnesses are enteric diseases (i.e. intestinal diseases) transmitted through the

text: fecal-oral route

text: . In the transmission pathways of disease through water contamination, human feces from public defecation end up in water sewages and non-recycling latrines, which is then collected in the local surface waters by rainfall and ingested by local inhabitants through direct exposure, absorption and ingestion. Surface waters are the main drinking-water source for the communities of Northern Region, Ghana.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: enteric diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: ingested

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: enteric diseases

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Ghana.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Ghana.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne illnesses are enteric diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: ingested by local inhabitants through direct exposure, absorption and ingestion.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The majority of waterborne illnesses are enteric diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: enteric diseases

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: enteric diseases

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: ingested by local inhabitants through direct exposure, absorption and ingestion.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water sewages and non-recycling latrines,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: surface waters

text: In the first half of the 20th century water supply and sanitation were a local government responsibility with regulation at the state level; the federal government played almost no role in the sector at that time. This changed with the enactment of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948, which provided for comprehensive planning, technical services, research, and financial assistance by the federal government to state and local governments for sanitary infrastructure. The Act was amended in 1965, establishing a uniform set of water quality standards and creating a Federal Water Pollution Control Administration authorized to set standards where states failed to do so. Comprehensive federal regulations for water supply and sanitation were introduced in the 1970s, in reaction to an increase in environmental concerns. In 1970 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created. In 1972, the Clean Water Act was passed, requiring industrial plants to proactively improve their waste procedures in order to limit the effect of contaminants on freshwater sources. In 1974, the Safe Drinking Water Act was adopted for the regulation of public water systems. This law specified a number of contaminants that must be closely monitored and reported to residents should they exceed the maximum contaminant levels allowed. From then on, drinking water systems were closely monitored by federal, state, and municipal governments for safety and compliance with existing regulations. The Clean Water Act set the unprecedented goal of eliminating all water pollution by 1985 and authorized massive expenditures of $24.6 billion in research and construction grants. The funds initially provided an incentive to build centralized wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure instead of decentralized systems. However, the 1977 amendments to the Clean Water Act required communities to consider alternatives to the conventional centralized sewer systems, and financial assistance was made available. In the mid-1990s decentralized systems served approximately 25 percent of the U.S. population, and approximately 37 percent of new housing developments.

text: In the first half of the 20th century water supply and sanitation were a local government responsibility with regulation at the state level; the federal government played almost no role in the sector at that time. This changed with the enactment of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948, which provided for comprehensive planning, technical services, research, and financial assistance by the federal government to state and local governments for sanitary infrastructure. The Act was amended in 1965, establishing a uniform set of water quality standards and creating a Federal Water Pollution Control Administration authorized to set standards where states failed to do so. Comprehensive federal regulations for water supply and sanitation were introduced in the 1970s, in reaction to an increase in environmental concerns. In 1970 the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) was created. In 1972, the

text: Clean Water Act

text: was passed, requiring industrial plants to proactively improve their waste procedures in order to limit the effect of contaminants on freshwater sources. In 1974, the

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

text: was adopted for the regulation of public water systems. This law specified a number of contaminants that must be closely monitored and reported to residents should they exceed the

text: maximum contaminant level

text: s allowed. From then on, drinking water systems were closely monitored by federal, state, and municipal governments for safety and compliance with existing regulations. The Clean Water Act set the unprecedented goal of eliminating all water pollution by 1985 and authorized massive expenditures of $24.6 billion in research and construction grants. The funds initially provided an incentive to build centralized wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure instead of decentralized systems. However, the 1977 amendments to the Clean Water Act required communities to consider alternatives to the conventional centralized sewer systems, and financial assistance was made available. In the mid-1990s decentralized systems served approximately 25 percent of the U.S. population, and approximately 37 percent of new housing developments.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 85 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminants on freshwater sources

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: they exceed the maximum contaminant levels allowed.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 25 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminants on freshwater sources.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: drinking water systems were closely monitored by federal, state, and municipal governments

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 25

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminants on freshwater sources.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: drinking water systems

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: centralized wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure instead of decentralized systems.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: drinking water systems were closely monitored by federal, state, and municipal governments

text: The most immediately apparent impact of water scarcity in Africa is on the continent's health. With a complete lack of water, humans can only live up to 3 to 5 days on average. This often forces those living in water deprived regions to turn to unsafe water resources, which, according to the World Health Organization, contributes to the spread of waterborne diseases including typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery and diarrhea, and to the spread of diseases such as malaria whose vectors rely on such water resources, and can lead to diseases such as trachoma, plague, and typhus. Additionally, water scarcity causes many people to store water within the household, which increases the risk of household water contamination and incidents of malaria and dengue fever spread by mosquitos. These waterborne diseases are not usually found in developed countries because of sophisticated water treatment systems that filter and chlorinate water, but for those living with less developed or non-existent water infrastructure, natural, untreated water sources often contain tiny disease-carrying worms and bacteria. Although many of these waterborne sicknesses are treatable and preventable, they are nonetheless one of the leading causes of disease and death in the world. Globally, 2.2 million people die each year from diarrhea-related disease, and at any given time fifty percent of all hospital beds in the world are occupied by patients suffering from water-related diseases. Infants and children are especially susceptible to these diseases because of their young immune systems, which lends to elevated infant mortality rates in many regions of Africa. Water scarcity has a big impact on hygiene.

text: The most immediately apparent impact of water scarcity in Africa is on the continent's health. With a complete lack of water, humans can only live up to 3 to 5 days on average. This often forces those living in water deprived regions to turn to unsafe water resources, which, according to the

text: World Health Organization

text: , contributes to the spread of

text: waterborne diseases

text: including

text: typhoid fever

text: cholera

text: dysentery

text: and

text: diarrhea

text: , and to the spread of diseases such as

text: malaria

text: whose

text: vectors

text: rely on such water resources, and can lead to diseases such as

text: trachoma

text: , plague, and

text: typhus

text: . Additionally, water scarcity causes many people to store water within the household, which increases the risk of household water contamination and incidents of malaria and dengue fever spread by mosquitos. These waterborne diseases are not usually found in developed countries because of sophisticated

text: water treatment

text: systems that filter and chlorinate water, but for those living with less developed or non-existent water infrastructure, natural, untreated water sources often contain tiny disease-carrying worms and bacteria. Although many of these waterborne sicknesses are treatable and preventable, they are nonetheless one of the leading causes of disease and death in the world. Globally, 2.2 million people die each year from diarrhea-related disease, and at any given time fifty percent of all hospital beds in the world are occupied by patients suffering from water-related diseases. Infants and children are especially susceptible to these diseases because of their young immune systems, which lends to elevated

text: infant mortality

text: rates in many regions of Africa. Water scarcity has a big impact on hygiene.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: vectors

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2.2

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developed countries

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease-carrying worms and bacteria.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: natural, untreated water sources

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: elevated infant mortality rates

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: typhoid fever,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: untreated water sources often contain tiny disease-carrying worms

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: unsafe water resources,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: sophisticated water treatment systems that filter and chlorinate water,

text: The direct approach measures the exposures to pollutants by monitoring the pollutant concentrations reaching the respondents.  The pollutant concentrations are directly monitored on or within the person through point of contact, biological monitoring, or biomarkers.  The point of contact approach indicates the total concentration reaching the host, while biological monitoring and the use of biomarkers infer the dosage of the pollutant through the determination of the body burden.  The respondents often record their daily activities and locations during the measurement of the pollutants to identify the potential sources, microenvironments, or human activities contributing the pollutant exposure.  An advantage of the direct approach is that the exposures through multiple media (air, soil, water, food, etc.) are accounted for through one study technique.  The disadvantages include the invasive nature of the data collection and associated costs.

text: The direct approach measures the exposures to pollutants by monitoring the pollutant concentrations reaching the respondents.  The pollutant concentrations are directly monitored on or within the person through point of contact, biological monitoring, or

text: biomarker

text: s.  The point of contact approach indicates the total concentration reaching the host, while biological monitoring and the use of biomarkers infer the dosage of the pollutant through the determination of the body burden.  The respondents often record their daily activities and locations during the measurement of the pollutants to identify the potential sources, microenvironments, or human activities contributing the pollutant exposure.  An advantage of the direct approach is that the exposures through multiple media (air, soil, water, food, etc.) are accounted for through one study technique.  The disadvantages include the invasive nature of the data collection and associated costs.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: humans are exposed to them

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: direct approach

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The direct approach

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: direct approach

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: host,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: human activities

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: An advantage of the direct approach

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: direct approach

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: food,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The direct approach

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: invasive nature of the data collection and associated costs.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The disadvantages include the invasive nature of the data collection and associated costs.

text: Water quality usually does not meet the standards set by the national government, especially in urban areas.  As a result, waterborne diseases remain to be a severe public health concern in the country. About 4,200 people die each year due to contaminated drinking water.

text: Water quality usually does not meet the standards set by the national government, especially in urban areas.  As a result,

text: waterborne diseases

text: remain to be a severe public health concern in the country. About 4,200 people die each year due to contaminated drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 4,200 people die each year due to contaminated drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: urban areas.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water quality

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: About 4,200 people die each year due to contaminated drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 4,200

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: About 4,200 people die each year due to contaminated drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water quality usually does not meet the standards set by the national government,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water quality usually does not meet the standards set by the national government,

text: Waterborne diseases can have a significant impact on the economy, locally as well as internationally. People who are infected by a waterborne disease are usually confronted with related costs and not seldom with a huge financial burden. This is especially the case in less developed countries. The financial losses are mostly caused by e.g. costs for medical treatment and medication, costs for transport, special food, and by the loss of manpower. Many families must even sell their land to pay for treatment in a proper hospital. On average, a family spends about 10% of the monthly households income per person infected.

text: Waterborne diseases can have a significant impact on the economy, locally as well as internationally. People who are infected by a waterborne disease are usually confronted with related costs and not seldom with a huge financial burden. This is especially the case in less developed countries. The financial losses are mostly caused by e.g. costs for medical treatment and medication, costs for transport, special food, and by the loss of manpower. Many families must even sell their land to pay for treatment in a proper hospital. On average, a family spends about 10% of the monthly households income per person infected.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than 10%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: costs for medical treatment and medication

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less developed countries.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne disease are usually confronted with related costs

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 10%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: special food,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: less developed countries.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: less developed countries.

text: The essential service water system (ESWS) circulates the water that cools the plant’s heat exchangers and other components before dissipating the heat into the environment. Because this includes cooling the systems that remove decay heat from both the primary system and the spent fuel rod cooling ponds, the ESWS is a safety-critical system. Since the water is frequently drawn from an adjacent river, the sea, or other large body of water, the system can be fouled by seaweed, marine organisms, oil pollution, ice and debris. In locations without a large body of water in which to dissipate the heat, water is recirculated via a cooling tower.

text: The essential service water system (ESWS) circulates the water that cools the plant’s heat exchangers and other components before dissipating the heat into the environment. Because this includes cooling the systems that remove

text: decay heat

text: from both the primary system and the spent

text: fuel rod

text: cooling ponds, the ESWS is a safety-critical system. Since the water is frequently drawn from an adjacent river, the sea, or other large body of water, the system can be fouled by seaweed, marine organisms, oil pollution, ice and debris. In locations without a large body of water in which to dissipate the heat, water is recirculated via a

text: cooling tower

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: marine organisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is drawn from an adjacent river

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: ice and debris

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: river,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: essential service water system

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: marine organisms,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: ice and debris.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: seaweed, marine organisms, oil pollution, ice and debris.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: river,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: oil pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The essential service water system

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: seaweed, marine organisms,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The essential service water system

text: s. Water falling to the east of the divide flows to the east towards Lake Michigan and water falling to the west of the divide flows west towards the Mississippi River, eventually flowing into the Gulf of Mexico.  Although 62 percent of the area's population lives on the eastern side of the divide, due to the projected growth west of the divide, water shortages west of the divide have become a growing concern due to radium contamination in the area's aquifers.  To overcome the water shortage problems posed by the subcontinental divide, New Berlin has reached an agreement with the City of Milwaukee to expand their water purchases and receive safe drinking water from Lake Michigan, on the provision as agreed upon by the Great Lakes Compact, that the  treated water be returned to the Great Lakes Basin.

text: s. Water falling to the east of the divide flows to the east towards

text: Lake Michigan

text: and water falling to the west of the divide flows west towards the

text: Mississippi River

text: , eventually flowing into the

text: Gulf of Mexico

text: .  Although 62 percent of the area's population lives on the eastern side of the divide, due to the projected growth west of the divide, water shortages west of the divide have become a growing concern due to

text: radium

text: contamination in the area's

text: aquifers

text: .  To overcome the water shortage problems posed by the subcontinental divide,

text: New Berlin

text: has reached an agreement with the City of

text: Milwaukee

text: to expand their water purchases and receive safe drinking water from

text: Lake Michigan

text: , on the provision as agreed upon by the

text: Great Lakes Compact

text: , that the  treated water be returned to the

text: Great Lakes Basin

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 96

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: radium contamination

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: radium contamination

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Mississippi River,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 62 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: radium

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: radium contamination in the area's aquifers.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: radium contamination

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 62 percent

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: radium

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water falling to the east of the divide flows to the east towards Lake Michigan

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: expand their water purchases and receive safe drinking water from Lake Michigan,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water falling to the east of the divide flows to the east towards Lake Michigan

text: Characteristics of major existing interbasin transfers and other large-scale water transfers to alleviate water scarcity

text: Characteristics of major existing interbasin transfers and other large-scale water transfers to alleviate water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: large-scale water transfers to alleviate water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: interbasin transfers

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: interbasin transfers

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: large-scale water transfers to alleviate water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: large-scale water transfers to alleviate water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: interbasin transfers

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: interbasin transfers

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Characteristics of major existing interbasin transfers

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: large-scale water transfers to alleviate water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: large-scale water transfers to alleviate water scarcity

text: C. parvum is considered to be the most important waterborne pathogen in developed countries. The protozoa also caused the largest waterborne-disease outbreak ever documented in the United States, making 403,000 people ill in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1993.<ref>"Surveillance for Waterborne-Disease Outbreaks -- United States, 1993-1994" CDC. 1996.

text: C. parvum is considered to be the most important waterborne pathogen in developed countries. The protozoa also caused the largest waterborne-disease outbreak ever documented in the United States, making 403,000 people ill in

text: Milwaukee

text: , Wisconsin, in 1993.<ref>"Surveillance for Waterborne-Disease Outbreaks -- United States, 1993-1994" CDC. 1996.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: protozoa

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: C. parvum

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: C. parvum

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developed countries.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: C. parvum

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 403,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: C. parvum

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: C. parvum

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 403,000 people ill in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1993.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: developed countries.

text: The current top three uses of fresh water account for 95% of its consumption; approximately 85% is used for irrigation of farmland, golf courses, and parks, 6% is used for domestic purposes such as indoor bathing uses and outdoor garden and lawn use, and 4% is used for industrial purposes such as processing, washing, and cooling in manufacturing centers.  It is estimated that one in three people over the entire globe are already facing water shortages, almost one-fifth of the world's population live in areas of physical water scarcity, and almost one quarter of the world's population live in a developing country that lacks the necessary infrastructure to use water from available rivers and aquifers.  Water scarcity is an increasing problem due to many foreseen issues in the future, including population growth, increased urbanization, higher standards of living, and climate change.

text: The current top three uses of fresh water account for 95% of its consumption; approximately 85% is used for

text: irrigation

text: of farmland, golf courses, and parks, 6% is used for domestic purposes such as indoor bathing uses and outdoor garden and lawn use, and 4% is used for industrial purposes such as processing, washing, and cooling in manufacturing centers.  It is estimated that one in three people over the entire globe are already facing water shortages, almost one-fifth of the world's population live in areas of

text: physical water scarcity

text: , and almost one quarter of the world's population live in a

text: developing country

text: that lacks the necessary infrastructure to use water from available rivers and aquifers.  Water scarcity is an increasing problem due to many foreseen issues in the future, including population growth, increased urbanization, higher standards of living, and climate change.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 6%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: one in three people over the entire globe are already facing water shortages,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 6%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: The current top three uses of fresh water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: one in three people over the entire globe are already facing water shortages,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: one in three

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: one in three people over the entire globe are already facing water shortages,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: one in three people over the entire globe are already facing water shortages,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: one in three people over the entire globe are already facing water shortages,

text: Water is the chief constituent in all drinks, and the primary ingredient in most. Water is purified prior to drinking. Methods for purification include filtration and the addition of chemicals, such as chlorination. The importance of purified water is highlighted by the World Health Organisation, who point out 94% of deaths from diarrhea - the third biggest cause of infectious death worldwide at 1.8 million annually - could be prevented by improving the quality of the victim's environment, particularly safe water.

text: Water is the chief constituent in all drinks, and the primary ingredient in most. Water is purified prior to

text: drinking

text: . Methods for purification include

text: filtration

text: and the addition of chemicals, such as

text: chlorination

text: . The importance of purified water is highlighted by the

text: World Health Organisation

text: , who point out 94% of deaths from

text: diarrhea

text: - the third biggest cause of infectious death worldwide at 1.8 million annually - could be prevented by improving the quality of the victim's environment, particularly safe water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.5 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 94%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: infectious death

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.8 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: improving the quality of the victim's environment, particularly safe water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water is purified prior to drinking.

text: The UN World Water Development Report (WWDR, 2003) from the World Water Assessment Program indicates that, in the next 20 years, the quantity of water available to everyone is predicted to decrease by 30 percent. 40 percent of the world's inhabitants currently have insufficient fresh water for minimal hygiene. More than 2.2 million people died in 2000 from waterborne diseases (related to the consumption of contaminated water) or drought. In 2004, the UK charity WaterAid reported that a child dies every 15 seconds from easily preventable water-related diseases.

text: The

text: UN World Water Development Report

text: (WWDR, 2003) from the World Water Assessment Program indicates that, in the next 20 years, the quantity of water available to everyone is predicted to decrease by 30 percent. 40 percent of the world's inhabitants currently have insufficient fresh water for minimal

text: hygiene

text: . More than 2.2 million people died in 2000 from

text: waterborne diseases

text: (related to the consumption of contaminated water) or

text: drought

text: . In 2004, the UK charity

text: WaterAid

text: reported that a child dies every 15 seconds from easily preventable water-related diseases.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 60 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: consumption of contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The UN World Water Development Report

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 40 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: consumption of contaminated water)

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: a child dies every 15 seconds from easily preventable water-related diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: a child dies every 15 seconds

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: consumption of contaminated water)

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 2.2 million people died in 2000 from waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: easily preventable water-related diseases.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 2.2 million people died in 2000 from waterborne diseases

text: Oxy-combustion of coal: Pure oxygen rather than air is used for combustion, eliminating the large amount of nitrogen in the flue-gas stream. After particulate matter is removed, flue gas consists only of water vapor and CO, plus smaller amounts of other pollutants. After compression of the flue gas to remove water vapor and additional removal of air pollutants, a nearly pure CO stream suitable for storage is produced.

text: Oxy-combustion of coal: Pure oxygen rather than air is used for combustion, eliminating the large amount of nitrogen in the flue-gas stream. After particulate matter is removed, flue gas consists only of water vapor and CO, plus smaller amounts of other pollutants. After compression of the flue gas to remove water vapor and additional removal of air pollutants, a nearly pure CO stream suitable for storage is produced.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Oxy-combustion of coal:

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: nitrogen

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: nitrogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Oxy-combustion of coal:

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: nitrogen

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water vapor

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Oxy-combustion of coal:

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Oxy-combustion of coal:

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Oxy-combustion of coal:

text: In response, a "wash down" system, which floods the flight deck with foam or water, was incorporated into all carriers, with the first being installed aboard  during her 1968-69 refit. Many other fire safety improvements also stemmed from this incident.

text: In response, a "wash down" system, which floods the flight deck with foam or water, was incorporated into all carriers, with the first being installed aboard  during her 1968-69 refit. Many other fire safety improvements also stemmed from this incident.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In response, a "wash down" system,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1968-69

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: fire

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: floods the flight deck with foam or water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: a "wash down" system,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1968-69

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: "wash down" system, which floods the flight deck

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: a "wash down" system,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: a "wash down" system,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: a "wash down" system,

text: In addition to safety risks, many jobs also present risks of disease, illness and other long-term health problems. Among the most common occupational diseases are various forms of pneumoconiosis, including silicosis and coal worker's pneumoconiosis (black lung disease). Asthma is another respiratory illness that many workers are vulnerable to. Workers may also be vulnerable to skin diseases, including eczema, dermatitis, urticaria, sunburn, and skin cancer. Other occupational diseases of concern include carpal tunnel syndrome and lead poisoning.

text: In addition to

text: safety

text: risks, many jobs also present risks of disease, illness and other long-term health problems. Among the most common

text: occupational diseases

text: are various forms of

text: pneumoconiosis

text: , including

text: silicosis

text: and

text: coal worker's pneumoconiosis (black lung disease)

text: Asthma

text: is another

text: respiratory illness

text: that many workers are vulnerable to. Workers may also be vulnerable to skin diseases, including

text: eczema

text: dermatitis

text: urticaria

text: sunburn

text: , and

text: skin cancer

text: . Other occupational diseases of concern include

text: carpal tunnel syndrome

text: and

text: lead poisoning

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lead poisoning

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead poisoning

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In addition to safety risks,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Among the most common occupational diseases

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease, illness and other long-term health problems.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: disease, illness and other long-term health problems.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: lead poisoning.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: lead poisoning.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: silicosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: coal worker's pneumoconiosis

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: coal worker's pneumoconiosis

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: coal worker's pneumoconiosis

text: The Institute is the apex body for water sports in India and the nodal agency for training, consultancy, development, regulation, framing safety norms, bench-marking and promotion of water sports. The spectrum of activities ranges from advising state government agencies and corporate/ private entrepreneurs on safety norms, preparation of feasibility studies, organising water sports awareness and water safety campaigns, inspection and certification of water sports centres to training on water sports disciplines. A training program namely "Sea Rescue Squad" has been introduced recently. It is also actively engaged in competence building of defence agencies especially in the domain of aqua-based adventures.

text: The Institute is the apex body for water sports in India and the nodal agency for training, consultancy, development, regulation, framing safety norms, bench-marking and promotion of water sports. The spectrum of activities ranges from advising state government agencies and corporate/ private entrepreneurs on safety norms, preparation of feasibility studies, organising water sports awareness and water safety campaigns, inspection and certification of water sports centres to training on water sports disciplines. A training program namely "Sea Rescue Squad" has been introduced recently. It is also actively engaged in competence building of defence agencies especially in the domain of aqua-based adventures.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: "Sea Rescue Squad"

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water sports in India

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: "Sea Rescue Squad"

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "Sea Rescue Squad"

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: "Sea Rescue Squad"

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: "Sea Rescue Squad"

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water safety campaigns,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Institute is the apex body for water sports in India

text: As of 2006, waterborne diseases are estimated to have caused 1.8 million deaths each year. These deaths are attributable to inadequate public sanitation systems and in these cases, proper sewerage (or other options such as small-scale wastewater treatment) that must be installed.

text: As of 2006,

text: waterborne diseases

text: are estimated to have caused 1.8 million deaths each year. These deaths are attributable to inadequate public

text: sanitation

text: systems and in these cases, proper

text: sewerage

text: (or other options such as

text: small-scale wastewater treatment

text: ) that must be installed.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 1.8 million deaths

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: As of 2006,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2006,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: inadequate public sanitation systems

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 1.8 million deaths each year.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.8 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 1.8 million deaths

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1.8 million deaths each year.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: proper sewerage

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 1.8 million deaths each year.

text: "All tap water in Beijing meets quality standards" in 2012, according to Cheng Jing, head of the Beijing Water Bureau. Beijing drinking water quality standards "are based on the current standards set by the World Health Organization, the European Union, the US and Japan," according to Zhang Lan, a researcher at the Institute of Environmental Health and Related Product Safety under the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Standards introduced in Beijing in 2006 cover 106 parameters, instead of only 35 previously, including pesticides, heavy metals and organic compounds. Beijing was the first city in China to meet these new standards which became mandatory nationwide in 2012, according to Yu Yaping, official with the water authority.

text: "All tap water in Beijing meets quality standards" in 2012, according to Cheng Jing, head of the Beijing Water Bureau. Beijing drinking water quality standards "are based on the current standards set by the

entity_section: World Health Organisation .28WHO.29 guidelines

text: World Health Organization

text: , the European Union, the US and Japan," according to Zhang Lan, a researcher at the Institute of Environmental Health and Related Product Safety under the

entity_name: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

text: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

text: . Standards introduced in Beijing in 2006 cover 106 parameters, instead of only 35 previously, including pesticides, heavy metals and

text: organic compound

text: s. Beijing was the first city in China to meet these new standards which became mandatory nationwide in 2012, according to Yu Yaping, official with the water authority.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pesticides

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: heavy metals are present

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: "All tap water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: World Health Organization,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pesticides, heavy metals and organic compounds.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pesticides, heavy metals and organic compounds.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pesticides, heavy metals and organic compounds.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: World Health Organization,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pesticides,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 35 previously, including pesticides, heavy metals and organic compounds.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: World Health Organization, the European Union, the US and Japan,"

text: Successful agriculture is dependent upon farmers having sufficient access to water. However, water scarcity is already a critical constraint to farming in many parts of the world. With regards to agriculture, the World Bank targets food production and water management as an increasingly global issue that is fostering a growing debate. Physical water scarcity is where there is not enough water to meet all demands, including that needed for ecosystems to function effectively. Arid regions frequently suffer from physical water scarcity. It also occurs where water seems abundant but where resources are over-committed. This can happen where there is overdevelopment of hydraulic infrastructure, usually for irrigation. Symptoms of physical water scarcity include environmental degradation and declining groundwater. Economic scarcity, meanwhile, is caused by a lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity to satisfy the demand for water. Symptoms of economic water scarcity include a lack of infrastructure, with people often having to fetch water from rivers for domestic and agricultural uses. Some 2.8 billion people currently live in water-scarce areas.

text: Successful agriculture is dependent upon farmers having sufficient access to water. However, water scarcity is already a critical constraint to farming in many parts of the world. With regards to agriculture, the World Bank targets food production and water management as an increasingly global issue that is fostering a growing debate.

text: Physical water scarcity

text: is where there is not enough water to meet all demands, including that needed for ecosystems to function effectively. Arid regions frequently suffer from physical water scarcity. It also occurs where water seems abundant but where resources are over-committed. This can happen where there is overdevelopment of hydraulic infrastructure, usually for irrigation. Symptoms of physical water scarcity include environmental degradation and declining

text: groundwater

text: . Economic scarcity, meanwhile, is caused by a lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity to satisfy the demand for water. Symptoms of

text: economic water scarcity

text: include a lack of infrastructure, with people often having to fetch water from rivers for domestic and agricultural uses. Some 2.8 billion people currently live in water-scarce areas.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 3.2

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: overdevelopment of hydraulic infrastructure

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2.8 billion people currently live in water-scarce areas.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: overdevelopment of hydraulic infrastructure,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: declining groundwater.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Successful agriculture is dependent upon farmers having sufficient access to water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Physical water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Physical water scarcity

text: Plants like Utricularia, Chara, Wolffia grow in polluted waters. Bacteria like E. coli also indicate water pollution. Presence of diatoms in water indicates pollution by sewage.

text: Plants like Utricularia, Chara, Wolffia grow in polluted waters. Bacteria like E. coli also indicate water pollution. Presence of diatoms in water indicates pollution by sewage.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is polluted

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: E. coli

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: sewage.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Utricularia, Chara, Wolffia

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Bacteria

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: E. coli

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: E. coli

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: sewage.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Bacteria

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Bacteria

text: Water quality laws must identify the substances and energies which qualify as "water pollution" for purposes of further control. From a regulatory perspective, this requires defining the class(es) of materials that qualify as pollutants, and the activities that transform a material into a pollutant.

text: Water quality laws must identify the substances and energies which qualify as "

text: water pollution

text: " for purposes of further control. From a regulatory perspective, this requires defining the class(es) of materials that qualify as pollutants, and the activities that transform a material into a pollutant.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water quality laws must identify the substances and energies

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water quality laws

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutants,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: the activities that transform a material into a pollutant.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "water pollution"

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Water quality laws must identify the substances and energies

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: "water pollution"

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water quality laws must identify the substances and energies

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: control.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water quality laws

text: Temperature and availability of moisture are key factors in determining the rate of disease development. Warm temperatures, 25-30 °C, promote rapid disease development., and can result in acute symptoms. Symptoms are also reported to appear at temperatures as low as 18 °C, but disease development is slowed; below that temperature, infections do not develop. Excessive water also promotes disease development by providing a more optimal environment for the pathogen, and has been shown to be a key factor in augmenting disease outbreak in fields with sprinkler irrigation

text: Temperature and availability of moisture are key factors in determining the rate of disease development. Warm temperatures, 25-30 °C, promote rapid disease development., and can result in acute symptoms. Symptoms are also reported to appear at temperatures as low as 18 °C, but disease development is slowed; below that temperature, infections do not develop. Excessive water also promotes disease development by providing a more optimal environment for the pathogen, and has been shown to be a key factor in augmenting disease outbreak in fields with sprinkler irrigation

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pathogens

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: warm temperatures

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: chickenpox

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: warm temperatures

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 25-30 °C,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Warm temperatures,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Excessive water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 25-30 °C,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sprinkler irrigation

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Excessive water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: sprinkler irrigation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Excessive water

text: Water supply in Sierra Leone is characterised by limited access to safe drinking water. Despite efforts by the government and numerous non-governmental organisations, access has not much improved since the end of the Sierra Leone Civil War in 2002, stagnating at about 50% and even declining in rural areas. It is hoped that a new dam in Orugu, for which China committed financing in 2009, will alleviate water scarcity.

text: Water supply in Sierra Leone is characterised by limited access to safe drinking water. Despite efforts by the government and numerous non-governmental organisations, access has not much improved since the end of the

text: Sierra Leone Civil War

text: in 2002, stagnating at about 50% and even declining in rural areas. It is hoped that a new dam in Orugu, for which China committed financing in 2009, will alleviate water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: about 50%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Orugu,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 50%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: limited access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: limited access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 50%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Sierra Leone Civil War

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: limited access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: a new dam

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: limited access to safe drinking water.

text: Cruise ships carrying several thousand passengers and crew have been compared to “floating cities,” and the volume of wastes that they produce is comparably large, consisting of sewage; wastewater from sinks, showers, and galleys (graywater); hazardous wastes; solid waste; oily bilge water; ballast water; and air pollution. The waste streams generated by cruise ships are governed by a number of international protocols (especially MARPOL) and U.S. domestic laws (including the Clean Water Act and the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships), regulations, and standards, but there is no single law or rule. Some cruise ship waste streams appear to be well regulated, such as solid wastes (garbage and plastics) and bilge water. But there is overlap of some areas, and there are gaps in others. Some, such as graywater and ballast water, are not regulated (except in the Great Lakes), and concern is increasing about the impacts of these discharges on public health and the environment. In other areas, regulations apply, but critics argue that they are not stringent enough to address the problem — for example, with respect to standards for sewage discharges. Environmental advocates have raised concerns about the adequacy of existing laws for managing these wastes, and they contend that enforcement is weak.

text: Cruise ship

text: s carrying several thousand passengers and crew have been compared to “floating cities,” and the volume of wastes that they produce is comparably large, consisting of sewage;

text: wastewater

text: from

text: sink

text: s,

text: shower

text: s, and

text: galley

text: s (

text: graywater

text: hazardous waste

text: s; solid waste; oily

text: bilge water

text: ballast water

text: ; and

text: air pollution

text: . The

text: waste stream

text: s generated by cruise ships are governed by a number of international protocols (especially

text: MARPOL

text: ) and U.S. domestic laws (including the

text: Clean Water Act

text: and the

text: Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships

text: ), regulations, and standards, but there is no single law or rule. Some cruise ship waste streams appear to be well regulated, such as solid wastes (garbage and plastics) and bilge water. But there is overlap of some areas, and there are gaps in others. Some, such as graywater and ballast water, are not regulated (except in the

text: Great Lakes

text: ), and concern is increasing about the impacts of these discharges on public health and the environment. In other areas, regulations apply, but critics argue that they are not stringent enough to address the problem — for example, with respect to standards for sewage discharges. Environmental advocates have raised concerns about the adequacy of existing laws for managing these wastes, and they contend that enforcement is weak.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: wastes are not regulated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Cruise ships

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sewage;

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sewage;

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: sewage;

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: thousand

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage;

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Cruise ships

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: there is no single law or rule.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: “floating cities,”

text: CDC has published WBDOSS surveillance summaries on an annual or biennial basis since 1971.  Summary statistics and descriptions of waterborne disease outbreaks were published in CDC reports until 1984 and have been published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) since 1985. Public health researchers and policy makers use the data to understand and reduce waterborne disease and outbreaks. WBDOSS data are available to support EPA efforts to improve drinking water quality and to provide direction for CDC’s recreational water activities, such as the Healthy Swimming program.

text: CDC has published WBDOSS surveillance summaries on an annual or biennial basis since 1971.  Summary statistics and descriptions of waterborne disease outbreaks were published in CDC reports until 1984 and have been published in the

text: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)

text: since 1985. Public health researchers and policy makers use the data to understand and reduce waterborne disease and outbreaks. WBDOSS data are available to support EPA efforts to improve drinking water quality and to provide direction for CDC’s recreational water activities, such as the Healthy Swimming program.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne disease and outbreaks

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: CDC has published WBDOSS surveillance summaries

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: biennial

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne disease outbreaks

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Morbidity and Mortality

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Morbidity and Mortality

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: reduce waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 1971.

text: Since not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources, it is common for one person's light "pollution" to be light that is desirable for another. One example of this is found in advertising, when an advertiser wishes for particular lights to be bright and visible, even though others find them annoying. Other types of light pollution are more certain. For instance, light that accidentally crosses a property boundary and annoys a neighbor is generally wasted and pollutive light.

text: Since not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources, it is common for one person's light "pollution" to be light that is desirable for another. One example of this is found in advertising, when an advertiser wishes for particular lights to be bright and visible, even though others find them annoying. Other types of light pollution are more certain. For instance, light that accidentally crosses a property boundary and annoys a neighbor is generally wasted and pollutive light.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: light pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Since not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: everyone

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: advertising,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: advertising,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: advertising,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources,

text: Greywater use for irrigation appears to be a safe practice. A 2015 epidemiological study found no additional burden of disease among graywater users irrigating arid regions. The safety of reuse of greywater as potable water has also been studied. A few organic micropollutants including benzene were found in greywater in significant concentrations but most pollutants were in very low concentrations.

text: Greywater use for irrigation appears to be a safe practice. A 2015 epidemiological study found no additional burden of disease among graywater users irrigating arid regions. The safety of reuse of greywater as potable water has also been studied. A few organic micropollutants including benzene were found in greywater in significant concentrations but most pollutants were in very low concentrations.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microorganisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: benzene is in the water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Greywater

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Greywater

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: benzene were found in greywater in significant concentrations

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: most pollutants were in very low concentrations.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Greywater use for irrigation appears to be a safe practice.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Greywater use for irrigation appears to be a safe practice.

text: Upon his swearing-in on December 4, 2006, Assembly Speaker Fabian Núñez immediately named Huffman the Chairman of the Committee on Environmental Safety and Toxic Materials. In August 2008, the new Assembly Speaker Karen Bass named Huffman to Chair the Water, Parks & Wildlife Committee.

text: Upon his swearing-in on December 4, 2006, Assembly Speaker

text: Fabian Núñez

text: immediately named Huffman the Chairman of the Committee on Environmental Safety and Toxic Materials. In August 2008, the new Assembly Speaker

text: Karen Bass

text: named Huffman to Chair the Water, Parks & Wildlife Committee.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Toxic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: toxic bacteria can quickly become dangerous because

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Toxic materials

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Upon his swearing-in on December 4, 2006,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 4,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Toxic Materials.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Toxic Materials.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Toxic Materials.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Water, Parks & Wildlife

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Toxic Materials.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Toxic Materials.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Committee on Environmental Safety and Toxic Materials.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Committee on Environmental Safety and Toxic Materials.

text: The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) is the principal federal law in the United States intended to ensure safe drinking water for the public. Pursuant to the act, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is required to set standards for drinking water quality and oversee all states, localities, and water suppliers who implement these standards.

text: The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) is the principal

text: federal law

text: in the

text: United States

text: intended to ensure safe

text: drinking water

text: for the public. Pursuant to the act, the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) is required to set standards for drinking

text: water quality

text: and oversee all

text: states

text: , localities, and water suppliers who implement these standards.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act

text: Environment - current issues:soil erosion; air pollution caused by industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution, especially in coastal areas

text: Environment - current issues:

text: soil erosion

text: air pollution

text: caused by industrial and vehicle emissions;

text: water pollution

text: , especially in coastal areas

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is polluted

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water pollution, especially in coastal areas

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: coastal areas

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: industrial and vehicle emissions;

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: coastal areas

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water pollution, especially in coastal areas

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water pollution, especially in coastal areas

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water pollution, especially in coastal areas

text: In his ninth standard, The Indian Express published his article on the scarcity of drinking water in his hometown, Mercara. By the time Gautham completed his post-graduate studies, numerous articles of his were published in newspapers. Among those articles, one particularly notable one was on the elusive forest brigand Veerappan. Over the years, he has written several hundred articles on varied subjects.

text: In his ninth standard, The Indian Express published his article on the scarcity of drinking water in his hometown, Mercara. By the time Gautham completed his post-graduate studies, numerous articles of his were published in newspapers. Among those articles, one particularly notable one was on the elusive forest brigand

text: Veerappan

text: . Over the years, he has written several hundred articles on varied subjects.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Veerappan.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: scarcity of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: scarcity of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: scarcity of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: scarcity of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Indian Express published his article on the scarcity of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: scarcity of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Indian Express published his article on the scarcity of drinking water

text: Access to safe drinking water is indicated by safe water sources. These improved drinking water sources include household connection, public standpipe, borehole condition, protected dug well, protected spring, and rain water collection. Sources that do not encourage improved drinking water to the same extent as previously mentioned include: unprotected wells, unprotected springs, rivers or ponds, vender-provided water, bottled water (consequential of limitations in quantity, not quality of water), and tanker truck water. Access to sanitary water comes hand in hand with access to improved sanitation facilities for excreta, such as connection to public sewer, connection to septic system, or a pit latrine with a slab or water seal.

text: Access to safe drinking water is indicated by safe water sources. These improved drinking water sources include household connection, public

text: standpipe

text: borehole

text: condition, protected dug well, protected spring, and rain water collection. Sources that do not encourage improved drinking water to the same extent as previously mentioned include: unprotected wells, unprotected springs, rivers or ponds, vender-provided water, bottled water (consequential of limitations in quantity, not quality of water), and tanker truck water. Access to sanitary water comes hand in hand with access to

text: improved sanitation

text: facilities for excreta, such as connection to public sewer, connection to septic system, or a

text: pit latrine

text: with a slab or water seal.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: excreta

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: unprotected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unprotected wells

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: public standpipe,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: excreta,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: limitations in quantity, not quality of water),

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unprotected wells,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: unprotected wells, unprotected springs,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bottled water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unprotected wells, unprotected springs,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: improved sanitation facilities for excreta,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Access to safe drinking water is indicated by safe water sources.

text: Household water treatment and safe storage ensure drinking water is safe for consumption. Drinking water quality remains a significant problem, not only in developing countries but also in developed countries; even in the European region it is estimated that 120 million people do not have access to safe drinking water. Point-of-use water quality interventions can reduce diarrheal disease in communities where water quality is poor, or in emergency situations where there is a breakdown in water supply.Since water can become contaminated during storage at home (e.g. by contact with contaminated hands or using dirty storage vessels), safe storage of water in the home is also important.

text: Household water treatment and safe storage ensure drinking water is safe for consumption.

text: Drinking water quality

text: remains a significant problem, not only in developing countries but also in developed countries; even in the European region it is estimated that 120 million people do not have access to

text: safe drinking water

text: . Point-of-use water quality interventions can reduce diarrheal disease in communities where water quality is poor, or in emergency situations where there is a breakdown in water supply.Since water can become contaminated during storage at home (e.g. by contact with contaminated hands or using dirty storage vessels),

text: safe storage of water

text: in the home is also important.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contact with contaminated hands

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 120 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrheal disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 120 million people do not have access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 120 million people do not have access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminated hands

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contact with contaminated hands or using dirty storage vessels),

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Drinking water quality remains a significant problem,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: diarrheal

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrheal disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Point-of-use water quality interventions can reduce diarrheal disease

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Point-of-use water quality interventions

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Drinking water quality remains a significant problem,

text: The main traditional sources of water in many parts of rural Ghana are small ponds and unprotected wells, both of which are really easily polluted, causing diseases to the people who drink it (Oxfam). More than 50% of the rural population in Ghana also rely on unsafe water resources from vendors (Ghana Clean Water Project). This brings many diseases that really affect the population. The water that the people have has lots of parasites and high microbial content, it can also contain some dangerous minerals. Many people, mostly children, suffer from many diseases caused by this water, and some of them may even be deadly. Not only  does this water affect people’s health, it also affects education. For example, in some places in Ghana, children, mostly girls, are denied their right to go to school because their schools don’t have private sanitation facilities. Instead, they are expected to spend the whole day fetching water. This affects their education and makes it harder for the coutry to develop faster. If the people had more clean water resources and sanitation the girls wouln't be denied their right to go to school, therefore, they would have an education and would increase the number of educated people in Ghana. All things considered, the water issues that Ghana is dealing with doesn't only affect the population with disease, but it also affects with the education. This does not happen too often, but it happens in some parts of Ghana, usually rural areas.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: the water is polluted

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: deadly

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Which of the following is not true?

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 50%

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 50%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: parasites and high microbial content,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: easily polluted,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: some of them may even be deadly.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 50%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: deadly.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: small ponds and unprotected wells,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: clean water resources

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: parasites and high microbial content,

text: The original headquarters were at Sixth Avenue and William Penn Way in downtown. In 1918 it moved into the Pittsburgh City-County Building, 1925 to Water Street, 1960s Grant Street Public Safety Building, Western Avenue Northside.

text: The original headquarters were at Sixth Avenue and William Penn Way in downtown. In 1918 it moved into the

text: Pittsburgh City-County Building

text: , 1925 to Water Street, 1960s Grant Street Public Safety Building, Western Avenue Northside.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a pathogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1,500

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Sixth Avenue and William Penn Way

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Sixth Avenue and William Penn Way

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Pittsburgh City-County

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Pittsburgh City-County Building,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Pittsburgh City-County Building,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Pittsburgh City-County Building, 1925 to Water Street,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Pittsburgh City-County Building, 1925 to Water Street,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Pittsburgh City-County Building,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Pittsburgh City-County Building,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Pittsburgh City-County Building,

text: It has several schemes that provide drinking water to the remote parts of India, mostly those facing water scarcity. Places that face severe water shortage are supplied water through the tankers at subsidized rates or for free. Free food distribution is also conducted in hospitals for ailing poor patients. It distributes warm clothing and sweaters for the under-privileged children to cope with the chilling winters.Under the aegis of Seva Bharathi a water conservation forum Jala Bharathi has been started. Jala Bharathi organises seminar and training programs on water conservation and rain water harvesting.

text: It has several schemes that provide drinking water to the remote parts of India, mostly those facing water scarcity. Places that face severe water shortage are supplied water through the tankers at subsidized rates or for free. Free food distribution is also conducted in hospitals for ailing poor patients. It distributes warm clothing and sweaters for the under-privileged children to cope with the chilling winters.Under the aegis of Seva Bharathi a water conservation forum Jala Bharathi has been started. Jala Bharathi organises seminar and training programs on water conservation and rain water harvesting.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a patient is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Seva Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: drinking water to the remote parts of India, mostly those facing water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: patients.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: warm clothing and sweaters

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: India,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Free food

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: It has several schemes that provide drinking water to the remote parts of India,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water conservation forum Jala Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It has several schemes that provide drinking water to the remote parts of India,

text: The two ships have been said to offer "... clubby scale, [and a] sense of privacy and exclusivity ...", but with lodgings not as luxurious as those of Seabourn or Silversea vessels.  Each is equipped with a watersports marina that can be lowered for activities such as swimming, snorkelling, kayaking, windsurfing, and waterskiing.  Both ships are stocked with complimentary equipment for waterborne activities, including wave runners, glass-bottom kayaks, Laser sailboats, a banana boat, water skis, snorkeling gear and standup paddleboards. Also available are mountain bikes for use ashore.

text: The two ships have been said to offer "... clubby scale, [and a] sense of privacy and exclusivity ...", but with lodgings not as luxurious as those of

text: Seabourn

text: or

text: Silversea

text: vessels.  Each is equipped with a

text: watersports

text: marina that can be lowered for activities such as

text: swimming

text: snorkelling

text: kayaking

text: windsurfing

text: , and

text: waterskiing

text: .  Both ships are stocked with complimentary equipment for waterborne activities, including wave runners, glass-bottom kayaks, Laser sailboats, a banana boat, water skis, snorkeling gear and standup paddleboards. Also available are mountain bikes for use ashore.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: waterskiing

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The two ships

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: swimming, snorkelling,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: watersports

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: wave runners, glass-bottom kayaks,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterskiing.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Laser sailboats,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: a banana boat,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterskiing.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: watersports marina

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Both ships are stocked with complimentary equipment for waterborne activities,

text: The high incidence of malnutrition within indigenous populations is a direct result of poor water sanitation and limited access to clean water. According to the MOH, about 98% of the water sources in Guatemala are contaminated. Disease and malnutrition are highly correlated with one another; both are causes and consequences of each other.  In order to improve the health system and reduce the prevalence of malnutrition, easy availability of safe drinking water, together with disease treatment and prevention, are critical for the survival of Guatemalan children. Improvement must be implemented at the community level, by renovating infrastructures in order to provide piped water and sanitary operations for the residents.

text: The high incidence of malnutrition within indigenous populations is a direct result of poor water sanitation and limited access to clean water. According to the MOH, about 98% of the water sources in Guatemala are contaminated. Disease and malnutrition are highly correlated with one another; both are causes and consequences of each other.  In order to improve the health system and reduce the prevalence of malnutrition, easy availability of safe drinking water, together with disease treatment and prevention, are critical for the survival of Guatemalan children. Improvement must be implemented at the community level, by renovating infrastructures in order to provide piped water and sanitary operations for the residents.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 98% of the water sources in Guatemala are contaminated.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 98%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: causes and consequences of each other.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: limited access to clean water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 98%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 98% of the water sources in Guatemala are contaminated.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: renovating infrastructures

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 98% of the water sources in Guatemala are contaminated.

text: As the number of Refugees of the Syrian Civil War in Lebanon rises, Lebanon continues to face more major challenges to its food and water security. The refugee situation is placing tremendous pressure on the country's resources. There are serious changes in Lebanon's water availability and agricultural production as a result of climate change and population growth, making it more difficult to fulfill the needs of refugees. More than 40% of farmers in Kfardebian and 81% in the Beqa'a region have reported water shortages being exacerbated by the region's close proximity to Syria and the influx of refugees. Water scarcity affects the quantity and quality of water available to the villages, food security, and land availability for living and for cultivating. The influx of Syrian refugees is not something the Lebanese government could have reasonably prepared for as it happened so rapidly, but international aid has proven to also be inadequate for the scale of the crisis, especially in the Beqa'a and Northern Lebanon region, which borders closely with Syria. Arrivals of refugees to Lebanon grew at an unprecedented pace in 2013 and 2014, with an average of 47,000 refugees being registered by UNHCR per month. Close to 30 percent of the refugee population are left without access to safe drinking water because of the increased water scarcity in the region. One issue with providing adequate care for the refugees is that both Syria and Lebanon have deeply divided populations, meaning that their current priorities are not climate change or population growth as much as they are regime stability and national security. Because of this priority focus away from refugees, Lebanon needs major international assistance to meet immediate humanitarian needs, as well as to strengthen water infrastructure and irrigation throughout the country. By the beginning of 2015, there were an estimated 1.3 million Syrian refugees living in Lebanon, and it is expected that this number will rise to approximately 1.8 million by December 2015. "As their displacement extends and their savings deplete, refugees' socio-economic vulnerability increases." Syrian refugees who were born in Lebanon are at an increased risk, as 72 percent of them do not possess official birth certificates. The majority of refugees have settled in the Beqa'a region. Because of the influx, not only has Lebanon suffered on a basis of resources and environmental stress, but Lebanon has also suffered economically through a loss of trade, tourism and investment. According to a World Bank Assessment in October 2013, the economic impact of the Syrian crisis was estimated to cost Lebanon USD 7.5 billion, and the country's GDP has plunged from 10 percent before the crisis to 2 percent currently. Public services and infrastructure as well are under severe strain as a result of the refugee influx. A vulnerability assessment conducted by the UN and partner agencies has shown that upward of 70 percent of refugees cannot meet their minimum daily food requirements. 72 percent of all refugees have been receiving monthly food assistance from WFP (World Food Programme). However, in 2015, WFP lost funding and had to reduce the value of food vouchers by 40 percent. There is a serious strain on resources in Lebanon being exacerbated by an influx of refugees in the country, and Lebanon needs more international aid in order to sustain the population in the long-term.

text: As the number of

text: Refugees of the Syrian Civil War

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 70 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: refugees' socio-economic vulnerability increases

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: How many refugees were registered by UNHCR per month?

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 40

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2014,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 30 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: 47,000 refugees being registered by UNHCR per month.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: increased water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: refugees' socio-economic vulnerability increases."

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 40%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 30 percent of the refugee population are left without access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 47,000 refugees being registered by UNHCR per month.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: international aid

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: increased water scarcity

text: A water supply line from barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

text: A water supply line from barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: it is unlikely

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: A water supply line from barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: A water supply line from barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: A water supply line from barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: A water supply line from barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: A water supply line from barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: A water supply line from barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: A water supply line from barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: A water supply line from barrage area supplies safe drinking water.

text: The precipitation pattern in India varies dramatically across distance and over calendar months. Much of the precipitation in India, about 85%, is received during summer months through monsoons in the Himalayan catchments of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna basin. The north eastern region of the country receives heavy precipitation, in comparison with the north western, western and southern parts. The uncertainty in onset of annual monsoon, sometimes marked by prolonged dry spells and fluctuations in seasonal and annual rainfall is a serious problem for the country. Large area of the country is not put to use for agriculture due to local water scarcity or poor water quality. The nation sees cycles of drought years and flood years, with large parts of west and south experiencing more deficits and large variations, resulting in immense hardship particularly the poorest farmers and rural populations. Dependence on erratic rains and lack of irrigation water supply regionally leads to crop failures and farmer suicides. Despite abundant rains during July–September, some regions in other seasons see shortages of drinking water. Some years, the problem temporarily becomes too much rainfall, and weeks of havoc from floods.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: too much rainfall

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lack of irrigation water supply

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 85%,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: The precipitation pattern in India varies dramatically across distance and over calendar months.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: too much rainfall, and weeks of havoc from floods.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: shortages of drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: farmer suicides.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The precipitation pattern in India varies dramatically across distance and over calendar months.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: local water scarcity or poor water quality.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: poor water quality.

text: Human health is most directly affected when polluted water is ingested into the body.  Nonpoint source pollution can often have toxic contaminants and chemicals present in the water.  Additionally, there can be both bacteria and viruses (aka pathogens) found in the water.

text: Human health is most directly affected when polluted water is ingested into the body.  Nonpoint source pollution can often have

text: toxic

text: contaminants and chemicals present in the water.  Additionally, there can be both bacteria and viruses (aka pathogens) found in the water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria and viruses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: ingested into the body

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Human health is most directly affected when polluted water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria and viruses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluted water is ingested into the body.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: polluted water is ingested into the body.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: bacteria and viruses

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: viruses

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: polluted water is ingested into the body.

text: In England and Wales the economic regulator of water companies is the Water Services Regulation Authority (Ofwat). The Environment Agency is responsible for environmental regulation, and the Drinking Water Inspectorate for regulating drinking water quality. The economic water industry regulator in Scotland is the Water Industry Commission for Scotland and the environmental regulator is the Scottish Environment Protection Agency.  Drinking water standards and wastewater discharge standards in the UK, as in other countries of the European Union, are determined by the EU (see Water supply and sanitation in the European Union).

text: In England and Wales the economic regulator of water companies is the

text: Water Services Regulation Authority

text: (Ofwat). The

text: Environment Agency

text: is responsible for environmental regulation, and the

text: Drinking Water Inspectorate

text: for regulating drinking water quality. The economic water industry regulator in

text: Scotland

text: is the Water Industry Commission for Scotland and the environmental regulator is the

text: Scottish Environment Protection Agency

text: .  Drinking water standards and wastewater discharge standards in the UK, as in other countries of the

text: European Union

text: , are determined by the EU (see

entity_name: Water supply and sanitation in the European Union

text: Water supply and sanitation in the European Union

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water quality

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In England and Wales

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: England and Wales

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: the Drinking Water Inspectorate for regulating drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: the Drinking Water Inspectorate for regulating drinking water quality.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: England and Wales

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: the Drinking Water Inspectorate for regulating drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: EU

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Drinking water standards and wastewater discharge standards in the UK,

text: In 2012, The Lifesaving Society joined forces with The Canadian Red Cross and the Public Health Agency of Canada to launch the Open Water Wisdom initiative, which is  a community water activity safety program dedicated to bringing awareness to recreational water safety issues nationally and in hundreds of remote communities across Canada.

text: In 2012, The Lifesaving Society joined forces with The

text: Canadian Red Cross

text: and the

text: Public Health Agency of Canada

text: to launch the

text: Open Water Wisdom

text: initiative, which is  a community water activity safety program dedicated to bringing awareness to recreational water safety issues nationally and in hundreds of remote communities across Canada.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Open Water Wisdom

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Canadian Red Cross

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Health

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: awareness to recreational water safety issues nationally and in hundreds of remote communities

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Open Water Wisdom

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: The Canadian Red Cross

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Public Health Agency of Canada

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Open Water Wisdom

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Open Water Wisdom

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Open Water Wisdom

text: Water pollution is the contamination of natural water bodies by chemical, physical, radioactive or pathogenic microbial substances. Point sources of water pollution are described by the CWA as "any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance from which pollutants are or may be discharged." These include pipes or man-made ditches from stationary locations such as sewage treatment plants, factories, industrial wastewater treatment facilities, septic systems, ships, and other sources that are clearly discharging pollutants into water sources.

text: Water pollution

text: is the contamination of natural water bodies by chemical, physical, radioactive or pathogenic microbial substances. Point sources of water pollution are described by the CWA as "any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance from which pollutants are or may be discharged." These include pipes or man-made ditches from stationary locations such as

text: sewage treatment

text: plants, factories,

text: industrial wastewater treatment

text: facilities,

text: septic systems

text: ships

text: , and other sources that are clearly discharging pollutants into water sources.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pathogenic

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pathogenic

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: sewage treatment plants,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial substances.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: pathogenic microbial substances.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pathogenic microbial substances.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: sewage treatment plants,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water pollution

text: As waterborne trade decreased, land transport of explosives was coupled to technological progress in the explosive usage. From early 1978 ammonium nitrate came into fashion as an ingredient of explosives mixtures that could be prepared on-site. This resulted in further safety refinements, and diffusion of responsibility for explosive storage. This eliminated much of the previously needed inspection, sampling and storage.

text: As waterborne trade decreased, land transport of explosives was coupled to technological progress in the explosive usage. From early 1978

text: ammonium nitrate

text: came into fashion as an ingredient of explosives mixtures that could be prepared on-site. This resulted in further safety refinements, and diffusion of responsibility for explosive storage. This eliminated much of the previously needed inspection, sampling and storage.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: As waterborne trade

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1978

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne trade decreased, land transport of explosives

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: technological progress in the explosive usage.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne trade decreased,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ammonium nitrate

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: waterborne trade

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: As waterborne trade decreased, land transport of explosives

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: As waterborne trade decreased, land transport of explosives

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: land transport of explosives was coupled to technological progress in the explosive usage.

text: Antibiotics should be used to treat infected fish. Control of the disease is achieved by vaccination. There are three vaccine types and they should all be administered by water bath. Chemotherapy has also been used in the past in order to avoid disease. Management factors such as reducing stress and stocking density can help prevent disease along with maintaining suitable sanitation of water. Other stress factors include drastic changes in temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen levels in the water. In order to manage properly for edwardsiellosis water must be checked constantly in order to keep fish stocks completely free of pathogens.

text: Antibiotics

text: should be used to treat infected fish. Control of the disease is achieved by

text: vaccination

text: . There are three vaccine types and they should all be administered by water bath. Chemotherapy has also been used in the past in order to avoid disease. Management factors such as reducing stress and stocking density can help prevent disease along with maintaining suitable sanitation of water. Other stress factors include drastic changes in temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen levels in the water. In order to manage properly for edwardsiellosis water must be checked constantly in order to keep fish stocks completely free of pathogens.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drastic changes in temperature

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: salmonellosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: edwardsiellosis

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: three vaccine types

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: fish.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drastic changes in temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen levels in the water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: maintaining suitable sanitation of water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: three vaccine types

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: edwardsiellosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: edwardsiellosis

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: vaccination.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: sanitation of water.

text: According to the WHO, "The most effective means of consistently ensuring the safety of a drinking-water supply is through the use of a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach that encompasses all steps in water supply from catchment to consumer. In these Guidelines, such approaches are called water safety plans (WSPs)". A WSP is a plan that will ensure the safety and acceptability of a drinking-water supply. The Water Safety Plan Manual, published in 2009 by the WHO and the International Water Association, offers guidance to water utilities (or similar entities) as they develop WSPs. This manual provides information to help water utilities to: assess their water system, develop monitoring systems and procedures, manage and community their plan, carry out periodic review of the WSP, and to review the WSP following an incident. The WSP manual also includes three case studies drawn from WSP initiatives in three countries/regions.

text: According to the WHO, "The most effective means of consistently ensuring the safety of a drinking-water supply is through the use of a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach that encompasses all steps in water supply from catchment to consumer. In these Guidelines, such approaches are called water safety plans (WSPs)". A WSP is a plan that will ensure the safety and acceptability of a drinking-water supply. The Water Safety Plan Manual, published in 2009 by the WHO and the

text: International Water Association

text: , offers guidance to water utilities (or similar entities) as they develop WSPs. This manual provides information to help water utilities to: assess their water system, develop monitoring systems and procedures, manage and community their plan, carry out periodic review of the WSP, and to review the WSP following an incident. The WSP manual also includes three case studies drawn from WSP initiatives in three countries/regions.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking-water supply

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: WHO,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: WHO,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: risk

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: incident.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water safety plans

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: International Water Association,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: consumer.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: drinking-water supply

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water safety plans

text: Yet other important classes of water-borne diseases are caused by metazoan parasites. Typical examples include certain Nematoda, that is to say "roundworms". As an example of water-borne Nematode infections, one important waterborne nematodal disease is Dracunculiasis. It is acquired by swallowing water in which certain copepoda occur that act as vectors for the Nematoda. Anyone swallowing a copepod that happens to be infected with Nematode larvae in the genus Dracunculus, becomes liable to infection. The larvae cause guinea worm disease.

text: Yet other important classes of water-borne diseases are caused by

text: metazoa

text: n parasites. Typical examples include certain

text: Nematoda

text: , that is to say "roundworms". As an example of water-borne Nematode infections, one important waterborne nematodal disease is

text: Dracunculiasis

text: . It is acquired by swallowing water in which certain

text: copepod

text: a occur that act as vectors for the Nematoda. Anyone swallowing a copepod that happens to be infected with Nematode

text: larva

text: e in the

text: genus

text: Dracunculus

text: , becomes liable to infection. The larvae cause

text: guinea worm disease

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: metazoan

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: certain Nematoda

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water-borne diseases are caused by metazoan parasites.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water-borne diseases are caused by metazoan parasites.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: metazoan parasites.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water-borne diseases are caused by metazoan parasites.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water-borne diseases are caused by metazoan parasites.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: metazoan parasites.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Dracunculiasis.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Nematode larvae

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: metazoan parasites.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water-borne diseases are caused by metazoan parasites.

text: Water pollution is another type of widespread contaminant which has ethical implications in mitigating the source and balancing conflicting priorities. The two types of water contaminants are anthropogenic compounds (generally referred to as pollutants, such as disinfection products, metals, municipal and agricultural waste, and petroleum and coal hydrocarbons) and natural contaminants (such as microorganisms or chemicals like arsenic and nitrogen, which are naturally present in the soil). the common misconception is that chemicals leaking into the soil will be diluted over time and rendered harmless. This theory does not take into account Persistent Organic Pollutants, which do not break down easily, and sometimes break down into more harmful constituents. Most industrialized nations have legislation in place to protect the public from impure drinking water. The Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974 established maximum levels of pollutants in public drinking water, however its power to regulate private sources of bottled water or wells is severely limited. An additional issue regarding water pollution is the relative scarcity of clean fresh water on the earth, an issue which acutely presents itself in areas prone to drought. Agriculture uses a great deal of water, so much so that shortages in drought-prone areas can significantly affect crop yield. The main ethical issues with water pollution is whether growth should be restricted in order to preserve public health. An additional issue is the regulation of private corporations, whose activities may put populations of citizens at risk for groundwater contamination.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: natural contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Persistent Organic Pollutants

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: disinfection products

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: industrialized nations

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: natural contaminants (such as microorganisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: do not break down easily,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: impure drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Persistent Organic Pollutants,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: arsenic and nitrogen,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: impure drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: growth should be restricted in order to preserve public health.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: legislation in place to protect the public from impure drinking water.

text: According to documents by the Hawaii Department of Health dozens of leaks from Red Hill's 20 underground fuel storage tanks have occurred since the 1940s and have contaminated groundwater directly beneath the tanks with hydrocarbon levels as high as 25 times what the state considers safe. However, according to EPA, the drinking water is safe for human consumption for both Board of Water Supply customers and military communities. The water for Board of Water Supply customers and military communities is being tested every three months to assure the water is safe. Contamination related to the Facility has never been detected in the Honolulu Board of Water Supply drinking water sources.

text: According to documents by the

text: Hawaii Department of Health

text: dozens of leaks from Red Hill's 20 underground fuel storage tanks have occurred since the 1940s and have contaminated groundwater directly beneath the tanks with

text: hydrocarbon

text: levels as high as 25 times what the state considers safe. However, according to EPA, the drinking water is safe for human consumption for both Board of Water Supply customers and military communities. The water for Board of Water Supply customers and military communities is being tested every three months to assure the water is safe. Contamination related to the Facility has never been detected in the Honolulu Board of Water Supply drinking water sources.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: leaks from underground fuel tanks

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: dozens of leaks from Red Hill's 20 underground fuel storage tanks

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: the drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: human consumption

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: leaks

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated groundwater

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 20

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: hydrocarbon levels

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: the drinking water is safe for human consumption

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: dozens of leaks from Red Hill's 20 underground fuel storage tanks

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: EPA, the drinking water is safe for human consumption

text: Dangerous or polluting goods on board a ship must be declared by the shipper to the master or operator of the vessel, who must then in turn provide the information to the authorities. The master of a ship is required to immediately report any incident or accident affecting the safety of the ship or other shipping, any sightings of polluting materials or drifting containers, and any situation liable to lead to pollution of EU waters or shores.

text: Dangerous or polluting goods on board a ship must be declared by the shipper to the master or operator of the vessel, who must then in turn provide the information to the authorities. The master of a ship is required to immediately report any incident or accident affecting the safety of the ship or other shipping, any sightings of polluting materials or drifting containers, and any situation liable to lead to pollution of EU waters or shores.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluting materials

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a ship is carrying them

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Dangerous or polluting goods

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: EU

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluting

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drifting containers,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Dangerous or polluting goods

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: EU

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: EU waters

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Dangerous or polluting goods

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: pollution of EU waters or shores.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: EU waters or shores.

text: Given the high water scarcity in Jordan, the average per capita use is lower than in most other countries. Water production before network losses is about 120 liters per person and day while actual consumption is close to 80 liters per capita and day. A survey of water consumption habits by households in Eastern Amman and in 14 villages in the Northern Governorates showed that total consumption per capita lies between 60 and 80 liters per day. About 20-30% of this water is obtained from sources other than the public piped system, including from bottled water, water bought from tankers, rainwater harvesting and springs. In rural areas, 28% of households surveyed harvested rainwater and stored it in cisterns for drinking, since they considered it to be of better quality than piped water. In Eastern Amman, 12% of households bought water in large bottles and 30% bought water from private tankers. Most households have roof storage tanks with a volume of 1–2 m. According to the 2009 Population and Family Health Survey, 31% of households use bottled water, 7% use rainwater, 2% tanker water and 60% tap water as their primary source of drinking water. According to the same survey, 22% of households filter tap water and the majority does not apply any type of treatment. A 2007–08 survey by the German-Jordanian water programme in the middle governorates Zarqa, Balqa and Madaba showed that 79% of households use tap water as their main source of drinking water and that 37% of households treat water before drinking it. Treated water bought in 5-gallon canisters and private water vendors that supply water in trucks are the main source of drinking water for 15% of households.

text: Given the high water scarcity in Jordan, the average per capita use is lower than in most other countries. Water production before network losses is about 120 liters per person and day while actual consumption is close to 80 liters per capita and day. A survey of water consumption habits by households in Eastern Amman and in 14 villages in the Northern Governorates showed that total consumption per capita lies between 60 and 80 liters per day. About 20-30% of this water is obtained from sources other than the public piped system, including from bottled water, water bought from tankers,

text: rainwater harvesting

text: and springs. In rural areas, 28% of households surveyed harvested rainwater and stored it in cisterns for drinking, since they considered it to be of better quality than piped water. In Eastern Amman, 12% of households bought water in large bottles and 30% bought water from private tankers. Most households have roof storage tanks with a volume of 1–2 m. According to the 2009 Population and Family Health Survey, 31% of households use bottled water, 7% use rainwater, 2% tanker water and 60% tap water as their primary source of drinking water. According to the same survey, 22% of households filter tap water and the majority does not apply any type of treatment. A 2007–08 survey by the German-Jordanian water programme in the middle governorates Zarqa, Balqa and Madaba showed that 79% of households use tap water as their main source of drinking water and that 37% of households treat water before drinking it. Treated water bought in 5-gallon canisters and private water vendors that supply water in trucks are the main source of drinking water for 15% of households.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2% tanker water and 60% tap water as their primary source of drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 7%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: 22% of households filter tap water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 7% use rainwater, 2% tanker water and 60% tap water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 22% of households filter tap water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 7% use rainwater, 2% tanker water and 60% tap water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 60% tap water as their primary source of drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 60% tap water as their primary source of drinking water.

text: According to a statistical experiment conducted by International Finance Corporation and IMRB International on WaterHealth India, observed consumers of the company were nine times less likely to contract waterborne diseases than their non-consumer counterparts in rural, Indian villages. Consequently, observed consumers, on average, saved 32% more money per annum than non-consumers of similar economic background.

text: According to a statistical experiment conducted by

text: International Finance Corporation

text: and

text: IMRB International

text: on WaterHealth India, observed consumers of the company were nine times less likely to contract waterborne diseases than their non-consumer counterparts in rural, Indian villages. Consequently, observed consumers, on average, saved 32% more money per annum than non-consumers of similar economic background.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: WaterHealth India,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: WaterHealth India,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Indian

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: non-consumer counterparts in rural, Indian villages.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: nine times less likely to contract waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: nine times less likely to contract waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: consumers of the company were nine times less likely to contract waterborne diseases

text: The quality of drinking water is vital for human health. Peak water constraints result in people not having access to safe water for basic personal hygiene. "Infectious waterborne disease

text: The quality of drinking water is vital for human health. Peak water constraints result in people not having access to safe water for basic personal hygiene. "Infectious

text: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: people do not have access to safe water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: dracunculiasis

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The quality of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Peak water constraints

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Peak water constraints

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "Infectious waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Peak water constraints

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: "Infectious

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: "Infectious waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Peak water constraints result in people not having access to safe water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: "Infectious waterborne disease

text: Man-made pollution, natural contamination, and water scarcity all affect the provision of drinking water. For more details see: Water resources of China.

text: Man-made pollution, natural contamination, and water scarcity all affect the provision of drinking water. For more details see:

text: Water resources of China

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: man-made pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Man-made pollution, natural contamination, and water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Man-made pollution, natural contamination,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Man-made pollution, natural contamination, and water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Man-made pollution, natural contamination, and water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: natural contamination,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Man-made pollution, natural contamination, and water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Man-made pollution, natural contamination, and water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Man-made pollution, natural contamination, and water scarcity

text: However, the sector still faces major challenges. The quality of the services is poor, as evidenced by intermittent water supply in urban areas and limited wastewater treatment. Poor drinking water quality and sanitation lead to major outbreaks of waterborne diseases. major outbreaks of waterborne diseases swept the cities of Faisalabad, Karachi, Lahore and Peshawar in 2006. Estimates indicate that each year, more than three million Pakistanis become infected with waterborne diseases.In addition, many service providers do not even cover the costs of and maintenance due to low tariffs and poor efficiency. Consequently, the service providers strongly depend on government subsidies and external funding.A National Sanitation Policy and a National Drinking Water Policy have been approved in 2006 and 2009 respectively with the objective to improve water and sanitation coverage and quality. However, the level of annual investment (US$4/capita) still remains much below what would be necessary to achieve a significant increase in access and service quality.

text: However, the sector still faces major challenges. The quality of the services is poor, as evidenced by intermittent water supply in urban areas and limited

text: wastewater treatment

text: . Poor drinking water quality and sanitation lead to major outbreaks of

text: waterborne diseases

text: . major outbreaks of waterborne diseases swept the cities of

text: Faisalabad

text: Karachi

text: Lahore

text: and

text: Peshawar

text: in 2006. Estimates indicate that each year, more than three million Pakistanis become infected with waterborne diseases.In addition, many service providers do not even cover the costs of and maintenance due to low tariffs and poor efficiency. Consequently, the service providers strongly depend on government subsidies and external funding.A National Sanitation Policy and a National Drinking Water Policy have been approved in 2006 and 2009 respectively with the objective to improve water and sanitation coverage and quality. However, the level of annual investment (US$4/capita) still remains much below what would be necessary to achieve a significant increase in access and service quality.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 5%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: three million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: major outbreaks of waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: three million Pakistanis become infected with waterborne diseases.In

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (US$4/capita)

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Poor drinking water quality and sanitation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Poor drinking water quality and sanitation lead to major outbreaks of waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: three million Pakistanis

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Faisalabad,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Poor drinking water quality and sanitation lead to major outbreaks of waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: the level of annual investment (US$4/capita)

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Poor drinking water quality and sanitation lead to major outbreaks of waterborne diseases.

text: The qualitative and quantitative aspects of drinking water requirements of domesticated animals are studied and described within the context of animal husbandry. However, relatively few studies have been focused on the drinking behavior of wild animals. A recent study has shown that feral pigeons do not discriminate drinking water according to its content of metabolic wastes, such as uric acid or urea (mimicking faeces-pollution by birds or urine-pollution by mammals respectively).

text: The qualitative and quantitative aspects of drinking water requirements of

text: domesticated animals

text: are studied and described within the context of

text: animal husbandry

text: . However, relatively few studies have been focused on the drinking behavior of wild animals. A recent study has shown that

text: feral pigeon

text: s do not discriminate drinking water according to its content of metabolic wastes, such as

text: uric acid

text: or

text: urea

text: (mimicking faeces-pollution by birds or urine-pollution by mammals respectively).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: feces-pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: uric acid or urea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The qualitative and quantitative aspects of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: quantitative aspects of drinking water requirements of domesticated animals

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: animal husbandry.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: faeces-pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: feral pigeons do not discriminate drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: uric acid

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: uric acid

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: feral pigeons do not discriminate drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: animal husbandry.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: domesticated animals are studied and described within the context of animal husbandry.

text: Many low-income families avoid drinking tap water because they fear it may cause sickness. Bottled, filtered, and tap water are all for the most part safe in the United States. The Environmental Protection Agency regulations for tap water are "actually stricter than the Food and Drug Administration regulations for bottled water." A study of drinking water in Cincinnati, Ohio, discovered that bacterial counts in bottled water were often higher than those in tap water and fluoride concentration was inconsistent.

text: Many low-income families avoid drinking tap water because they fear it may cause sickness. Bottled, filtered, and tap water are all for the most part safe in the United States. The Environmental Protection Agency regulations for tap water are "actually stricter than the Food and Drug Administration regulations for bottled water." A study of drinking water in Cincinnati, Ohio, discovered that bacterial counts in bottled water were often higher than those in tap water and fluoride concentration was inconsistent.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: low-income families avoid drinking tap water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fluoride

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Many low-income families avoid drinking tap water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacterial

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: tap water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Many low-income families avoid drinking tap water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: bacterial

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bacterial

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: tap water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: bacterial counts in bottled water were often higher than those in tap water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: United States.

text: An assessment of water management in agriculture was conducted in 2007 by the International Water Management Institute in Sri Lanka to see if the world had sufficient water to provide food for its growing population. It assessed the current availability of water for agriculture on a global scale and mapped out locations suffering from water scarcity. It found that a fifth of the world's people, more than 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity, where there is not enough water to meet all demands. A further 1.6 billion people live in areas experiencing economic water scarcity, where the lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity make it impossible for authorities to satisfy the demand for water. The report found that it would be possible to produce the food required in future, but that continuation of today's food production and environmental trends would lead to crises in many parts of the world. To avoid a global water crisis, farmers will have to strive to increase productivity to meet growing demands for food, while industry and cities find ways to use water more efficiently.

text: An assessment of water management in agriculture was conducted in 2007 by the

text: International Water Management Institute

text: in

text: Sri Lanka

text: to see if the world had sufficient water to provide food for its growing population. It assessed the current availability of water for agriculture on a global scale and mapped out locations suffering from water scarcity. It found that a fifth of the world's people, more than 1.2 billion, live in areas of

text: physical water scarcity

text: , where there is not enough water to meet all demands. A further 1.6 billion people live in areas experiencing

text: economic water scarcity

text: , where the lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity make it impossible for authorities to satisfy the demand for water. The report found that it would be possible to produce the food required in future, but that continuation of today's food production and environmental trends would lead to crises in many parts of the world. To avoid a global water crisis, farmers will have to strive to increase productivity to meet growing demands for food, while industry and cities find ways to use water more efficiently.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one fifth

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.2 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: fifth

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: the lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.2 billion,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: industry and cities find ways to use water more efficiently.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

text: "A safe water supply is absolutely critical to the health and safety of the people of Illinois," added Madigan. "The bill passed by the General Assembly strengthens the law and will help to keep our drinking water safe."

text: "A safe water supply is absolutely critical to the health and safety of the people of Illinois," added Madigan. "The bill passed by the General Assembly strengthens the law and will help to keep our drinking water safe."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: critical to the health and safety of the people of Illinois,"

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: health and safety

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "A safe water supply

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Illinois,"

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Illinois," added Madigan.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: safe."

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Illinois,"

text: Per capita daily caloric intake in 1988 was 2,046, about average for sub-Saharan Africa but only a little better than 90 percent of daily requirements. Children were most often the victims of malnutrition. Their generally poor diets were deficient in protein in part because local custom discouraged the feeding of fish to children. The scarcity of safe drinking water—available to about one in three Comorans—made intestinal parasites a problem and compounded malnutrition, with children again being the main victims.

text: Per capita daily

text: caloric intake

text: in 1988 was 2,046, about average for sub-Saharan Africa but only a little better than 90 percent of daily requirements. Children were most often the victims of

text: malnutrition

text: . Their generally poor diets were deficient in

text: protein

text: in part because local custom discouraged the feeding of

text: fish

text: to children. The scarcity of

text: safe drinking water

text: —available to about one in three Comorans—made intestinal parasites a problem and compounded malnutrition, with children again being the main victims.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one in three

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: parasites

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: one in three

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: intestinal parasites

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The scarcity of safe drinking water—available

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one in three

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: intestinal parasites

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: scarcity of safe drinking water—available

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: intestinal parasites

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: one in three

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: intestinal parasites

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: intestinal parasites

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The scarcity of safe drinking water—available

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The scarcity of safe drinking water—available

text: Given the distance to the nearest source of drinking water, the location of Las Haldas would seem to have been undesirable as a location for a settlement. Some anthropologists have argued that water wells must have existed near Las Haldas.  The Pozorski's, a husband and wife team, argued to the contrary. Many early fishing settlements, they said, were located distant from sources of water because fish and shellfish resources are more abundant away from the fresh water near the mouths of coastal rivers. They also argued that the requirements for drinking water would be small given the mild temperatures and the water content of seafood and that much cooking could have been done with sea water. It was feasible, they claimed, for the inhabitants of Las Haldas to have hauled drinking water from the Casma Valley.

text: Given the distance to the nearest source of drinking water, the location of Las Haldas would seem to have been undesirable as a location for a settlement. Some anthropologists have argued that water wells must have existed near Las Haldas.  The Pozorski's, a husband and wife team, argued to the contrary. Many early fishing settlements, they said, were located distant from sources of water because fish and shellfish resources are more abundant away from the fresh water near the mouths of coastal rivers. They also argued that the requirements for drinking water would be small given the mild temperatures and the water content of seafood and that much cooking could have been done with sea water. It was feasible, they claimed, for the inhabitants of Las Haldas to have hauled drinking water from the Casma Valley.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person eats it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Las Haldas

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: abundant away from the fresh water near the mouths of coastal rivers.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: distance to the nearest source of drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: distance to the nearest source of drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: rivers.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Pozorski's,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Pozorski's,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: distance to the nearest source of drinking water,

text: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): "Waterborne diseases are caused by pathogenic microbes that can be directly spread through contaminated water. Most waterborne diseases cause diarrheal illness [Note: not all diseases listed below cause diarrhea]. Eighty-eight percent of diarrhea cases worldwide are linked to unsafe water, inadequate sanitation or insufficient hygiene. These cases result in 1.5 million deaths each year, mostly in young children. The usual cause of death is dehydration. Most cases of diarrheal illness and death occur in developing countries because of unsafe water, poor sanitation, and insufficient hygiene. Other waterborne diseases do not cause diarrhea; instead these diseases can cause malnutrition, skin infections, and organ damage.

text: According to the

text: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

text: (CDC): "

text: Waterborne diseases

text: are caused by pathogenic microbes that can be directly spread through contaminated water. Most waterborne diseases cause diarrheal illness [Note: not all diseases listed below cause diarrhea]. Eighty-eight percent of diarrhea cases worldwide are linked to unsafe water, inadequate sanitation or insufficient hygiene. These cases result in 1.5 million deaths each year, mostly in young children. The usual cause of death is dehydration. Most cases of diarrheal illness and death occur in developing countries because of unsafe water, poor sanitation, and insufficient hygiene. Other waterborne diseases do not cause diarrhea; instead these diseases can cause malnutrition, skin infections, and organ damage.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.5 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 1.5 million deaths each year,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developing countries

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 1.5 million deaths each year,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.5 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrheal illness

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: unsafe water, inadequate sanitation or insufficient hygiene.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: developing countries

text: According to the Second UN World Water Development Report, if present levels of consumption continue, two-thirds of the global population will live in areas of water stress by 2025. Increasing human demand for water coupled with the effects of climate change mean that the future of our water supply is not secure. As of now, 2.6 billion people do not have safe drinking water. Added to this, are the changes in climate, population growth and lifestyles. The changes in human lifestyle and activities require more water per capita. This tightens the competition for water amongst agricultural, industrial, and human consumption.

text: According to the Second

text: UN World Water Development Report

text: , if present levels of consumption continue, two-thirds of the global population will live in areas of water stress by 2025. Increasing human demand for water coupled with the effects of climate change mean that the future of our water supply is not secure. As of now, 2.6 billion people do not have safe drinking water. Added to this, are the changes in climate, population growth and lifestyles. The changes in human lifestyle and activities require more water per capita. This tightens the competition for water amongst agricultural, industrial, and human consumption.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one-third

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: competition for water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.6 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2.6 billion people do not have safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2.6 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: human consumption.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Increasing human demand for water coupled with the effects of climate change

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 2.6 billion people do not have safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.6 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 2.6 billion people do not have safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 2.6 billion people do not have safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 2.6 billion people do not have safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 2.6 billion people do not have safe drinking water.

text: Cooling tower water treatment: Mixed Oxidant delivers smarter cooling tower water treatment solutions to improve cooling tower efficiency and safety, all at a lower cost than conventional biocide treatment methods For legionella prevention, biofilm removal, and inactivation of other performance-inhibiting waterborne organisms.

text: Cooling tower

text: water treatment: Mixed Oxidant delivers smarter cooling tower water treatment solutions to improve cooling tower efficiency and safety, all at a lower cost than conventional

text: biocide

text: treatment methods For legionella prevention, biofilm removal, and inactivation of other performance-inhibiting waterborne organisms.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: biofilm is formed

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: legionella

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Mixed Oxidant

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Mixed Oxidant

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: biofilm

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: conventional biocide treatment methods

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: legionella

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: legionella

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: performance-inhibiting waterborne organisms.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: conventional biocide treatment methods

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: conventional biocide treatment methods

text: The deployment of its medical volunteers and its field hospitals and clinics are capable of treating hundreds of patients per day, The organization additionally identified that it can make an even greater post-disaster impact by preventing waterborne diseases from causing secondary disasters such as typhoid and dysentery epidemics. Such epidemics can occur after earthquakes that damage municipal or regional water treatment facilities and even, counter-intuitively, following severe hurricanes, typhoons or monsoons that flood large land areas with turbid, contaminated water.  The organization and its volunteers work to help prevent secondary epidemics by having its WPUs both distribute decontamination tablets and by setting up portable water purification equipment which can render even completely contaminated water sources safe for humans. This is achieved by various methods, including filtration media, flocculation, chemical disinfection and the application of ultraviolet light (UV light), which breaks down the genetic code of almost all microorganisms.

text: The deployment of its

text: medical volunteers

text: and its field hospitals and clinics are capable of treating hundreds of patients per day, The organization additionally identified that it can make an even greater post-disaster impact by preventing

text: waterborne diseases

text: from causing secondary disasters such as

text: typhoid

text: and

text: dysentery

text: epidemic

text: s. Such epidemics can occur after earthquakes that damage municipal or regional

text: water treatment facilities

text: and even, counter-intuitively, following severe hurricanes, typhoons or

text: monsoon

text: s that

text: flood

text: large land areas with

text: turbid

text: contaminated water

text: .  The organization and its volunteers work to help prevent secondary epidemics by having its WPUs both distribute decontamination tablets and by setting up

text: portable water purification equipment

text: which can render even completely contaminated water sources safe for humans. This is achieved by various methods, including

text: filtration media

text: flocculation

text: chemical disinfection

text: and the application of

text: ultraviolet light

text: (UV light), which breaks down the

text: genetic code

text: of almost all

text: microorganism

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dysentery

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: monsoons

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water treatment facilities

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microorganisms.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: turbid, contaminated water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: typhoid and dysentery epidemics.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: typhoid and dysentery

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: typhoid

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: typhoid and dysentery

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: counter-intuitively,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water treatment facilities

text: Water pollution poses a significant health risk, especially in heavily industrialized, heavily populated areas like China. In response to a worsening situation in which entire cities lacked safe drinking water, China passed a revised Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law. The possibility of polluted water making it way across international boundaries, as well as unrecognized water pollution within a poorer country brings up questions of human rights, allowing for international input on water pollution. There is no single framework for dealing with pollution disputes local to a nation.

text: Water pollution

text: poses a significant health risk, especially in heavily industrialized, heavily populated areas like China. In response to a worsening situation in which entire cities lacked safe drinking water, China passed a revised Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law. The possibility of polluted water making it way across international boundaries, as well as unrecognized water pollution within a poorer country brings up questions of human rights, allowing for international input on water pollution. There is no single framework for dealing with pollution disputes local to a nation.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than 1

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: health risk,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water pollution poses a significant health risk,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: There is no single framework for dealing with pollution disputes local to a nation.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water pollution poses a significant health risk,

text: Pollutants from fireworks raise concerns because of potential health risks associated with hazardous by-products. For most people the effects of exposure to low levels of toxins from many sources over long periods are unknown. For persons with asthma or multiple chemical sensitivity the smoke from fireworks may aggravate existing health problems. Environmental pollution is also a concern because heavy metals and other chemicals from fireworks may contaminate water supplies and because fireworks combustion gases might contribute to such things as acid rain which can cause vegetation and even property damage. However, gunpowder smoke and the solid residues are basic, and as such the net effect of fireworks on acid rain is debatable. The carbon used in fireworks is produced from wood and does not lead to more carbon dioxide in the air. What is not disputed is that most consumer fireworks leave behind a considerable amount of solid debris, including both readily biodegradable components as well as nondegradable plastic items. Concerns over pollution, consumer safety, and debris have restricted the sale and use of consumer fireworks in many countries. Professional displays, on the other hand, remain popular around the world.

text: Pollutants from fireworks raise concerns because of potential health risks associated with hazardous by-products. For most people the effects of exposure to low levels of toxins from many sources over long periods are unknown. For persons with

text: asthma

text: or multiple chemical sensitivity the smoke from fireworks may aggravate existing health problems. Environmental pollution is also a concern because heavy metals and other chemicals from fireworks may contaminate water supplies and because fireworks combustion gases might contribute to such things as acid rain which can cause vegetation and even property damage. However, gunpowder smoke and the solid residues are basic, and as such the net effect of fireworks on acid rain is debatable. The carbon used in fireworks is produced from wood and does not lead to more carbon dioxide in the air. What is not disputed is that most consumer fireworks leave behind a considerable amount of solid debris, including both readily biodegradable components as well as nondegradable plastic items. Concerns over pollution, consumer safety, and debris have restricted the sale and use of consumer fireworks in many countries. Professional displays, on the other hand, remain popular around the world.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: toxins

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure to low levels

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: fireworks raise concerns because of potential health risks associated with hazardous by-products.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: most

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: toxins

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure to low levels of toxins from many sources over long periods

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: heavy metals and other chemicals from fireworks may contaminate water supplies

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: heavy metals and other chemicals from fireworks may contaminate water supplies

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: acid rain

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: fireworks raise concerns because of potential health risks associated with hazardous by-products.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: heavy metals and other chemicals from fireworks may contaminate water supplies

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: heavy metals and other chemicals from fireworks may contaminate water supplies

text: Microorganisms causing diseases that characteristically are waterborne prominently include protozoa and bacteria, many of which are intestinal parasites, or invade the tissues or circulatory system through walls of the digestive tract. Various other waterborne diseases are caused by viruses. (In spite of philosophical difficulties associated with defining viruses as "organisms", it is practical and convenient to regard them as microorganisms in this connection.)

text: Microorganism

text: s causing diseases that characteristically are waterborne prominently include

text: protozoa

text: and

text: bacteria

text: , many of which are

text: intestinal parasites

text: , or invade the tissues or circulatory system through walls of the digestive tract. Various other waterborne diseases are caused by

text: virus

text: es. (In spite of philosophical difficulties associated with defining viruses as "

text: organism

text: s", it is practical and convenient to regard them as microorganisms in this connection.)

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microorganisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: viruses

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Microorganisms

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Microorganisms

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Microorganisms causing diseases that characteristically are waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: invade the tissues or circulatory system through walls of the digestive tract.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Microorganisms causing diseases that characteristically are waterborne

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: protozoa and bacteria,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: protozoa and bacteria,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Microorganisms causing diseases that characteristically are waterborne

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: protozoa and bacteria,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Microorganisms causing diseases that characteristically are waterborne

text: In the United States unhealthy levels of pollution are measured by the Environmental Protection Agency and independent researchers or agencies, like the American Lung Association.  Federal limits and pollution standards are set by the Clean Air Act.

text: In the United States unhealthy levels of pollution are measured by the Environmental Protection Agency and independent researchers or agencies, like the American Lung Association.  Federal limits and pollution standards are set by the Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: iv.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In the United States unhealthy levels of pollution are measured by the Environmental Protection Agency

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: American Lung Association.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: In the United States

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: In the United States unhealthy levels of pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: In the United States

text: Swimming pool sanitation is the process of ensuring healthy conditions in swimming pools, hot tubs, plunge pools, and similar recreational water venues. Proper sanitation is needed to maintain the visual clarity of water and to prevent the transmission of infectious waterborne diseases.

text: Swimming pool sanitation is the process of ensuring healthy conditions in

text: swimming pool

text: s,

text: hot tub

text: s,

text: plunge pool

text: s, and similar recreational water venues. Proper sanitation is needed to maintain the visual clarity of water and to prevent the transmission of infectious

text: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is not cleaned properly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Swimming pool sanitation

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: swimming pools, hot tubs, plunge pools,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: infectious waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: transmission of infectious waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: infectious waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: hot tubs, plunge pools,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: hot tubs, plunge pools,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: infectious waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Proper sanitation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Proper sanitation

text: The feeding habits of ornithomimids have been controversial. In 2001 Norell et al. reported a specimen of Gallimimus (IGM 100/1133) and one of Ornithomimus (RTMP 95.110.1). These two fossil skulls had soft tissue preservation, and both had keratinous beaks with vertical grooves extending ventrally from the bony upper mandible. These structures are reminiscent of the lamellae seen in ducks, in which they function to strain small edible items like plants, forams, mollusks, and ostracods from the water. The authors further noted that ornithomimids were abundant in mesic environments, and rarer in more arid environments, suggesting that they may have depended on waterborne sources of food, possibly filter feeding. They noted that primitive ornithomimids had well developed teeth, while derived forms were edentulous and probably could not feed on large animals.

text: The feeding habits of ornithomimids have been controversial. In 2001 Norell et al. reported a specimen of Gallimimus (IGM 100/1133) and one of Ornithomimus (RTMP 95.110.1). These two fossil skulls had soft tissue preservation, and both had keratinous beaks with vertical grooves extending ventrally from the bony upper mandible. These structures are reminiscent of the lamellae seen in ducks, in which they function to strain small edible items like plants, forams, mollusks, and ostracods from the water. The authors further noted that ornithomimids were abundant in

text: mesic

text: environments, and rarer in more arid environments, suggesting that they may have depended on waterborne sources of food, possibly filter feeding. They noted that primitive ornithomimids had well developed teeth, while derived forms were edentulous and probably could not feed on large animals.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: mollusks

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The feeding habits of ornithomimids

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: mesic environments, and rarer in more arid environments,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne sources of food,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne sources of food,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne sources of food,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: edentulous

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: filter feeding.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The feeding habits of ornithomimids

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: waterborne sources of food,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: waterborne sources of food, possibly filter feeding.

text: Drinking water prior to each meal may help in appetite suppression. A promising approach to reducing appetite which does not involve taking any drugs, and is very safe, is to drink circa 4-5 dl of water 30 minutes before a meal. Though this had been a folk remedy for overeating for many years, and is recommended by some dietitians and stipulated in some scientific studies, it was only recently that the approach was subjected to a scientific randomised controlled trial to see how much effect it had:

text: Drinking water prior to each meal may help in appetite suppression. A promising approach to reducing

text: appetite

text: which does not involve taking any

text: drugs

text: , and is very safe, is to drink circa 4-5 dl of water 30 minutes before a meal. Though this had been a

text: folk remedy

text: for

text: overeating

text: for many years, and is recommended by some

text: dietitian

text: s and stipulated in some scientific studies, it was only recently that the approach was subjected to a scientific

text: randomised controlled trial

text: to see how much effect it had:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 4,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drugs,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 4-5 dl

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 4-5 dl of water 30 minutes before a meal.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Drinking water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Drinking water

text: That same year, the administration exempts hydraulic fracturing from the Safe Drinking Water Act, citing another EPA study.

text: That same year, the administration exempts

text: hydraulic fracturing

text: from the

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

text: , citing another EPA study.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: That same year, the administration exempts hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hydraulic fracturing from the Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: EPA study.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act,

text: The sluggish waters are host to a large population of mosquitoes and parasites that cause waterborne diseases.

text: The sluggish waters are host to a large population of

text: mosquito

text: es and

text: parasite

text: s that cause

text: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: parasites

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sluggish water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The sluggish waters

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: sluggish waters

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sluggish waters

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: mosquitoes and parasites that cause waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: mosquitoes

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: mosquitoes

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: mosquitoes and parasites that cause waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: sluggish waters

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: sluggish waters

text: In 2007, the death of three children in or near Orange County, due to a rare, deadly infection, primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), prompted a public-health investigation in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control. PAM is a water-borne infection caused by an amoebic organism, Naegleria fowleri, that enters the brain through the nose, usually resulting in death. PAM is associated with swimming and water sports in fresh water bodies and inadequately chlorinated swimming pools. An increase of Naegleria fowleri may be seen with global climate change, given that PAM is more likely in warm water.Orange County, Fla. has had 16 cases of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), in 47 years, of 32 PAM cases recorded in thestate of Florida. As of 1990, about 200 cases of PAM had been reported worldwide; as of 2007, 132 cases had been reported in the U.S. PAM occurs throughout the world, including colder climates, such as the UK and Belgium. In 2007, PAM cases were also reported in Texas and Arizona. Water-borne diseases investigated by the Orange County Health Department, the Florida Department of Health and the CDC have also included Giardia, Cyclosporiasis and Cryptosporidiosis. Techniques for identifying Cyclosporiasis were first developed in central Florida. The Florida Department of Health in Orange County, the Florida Department of Health and the CDC advise swimmers and water sports enthusiasts to wear nose plugs when the ambient temperatures exceed 80 degrees, when choosing to participate in fresh water activities. However these have not been shown to prevent the disease. Avoiding fresh water during the hot season appears to be the safest practice. Naegleria fowlerii infection of young teenagers is best described as one of a number of very rare, "orphan diseases".

text: In 2007, the death of three children in or near Orange County, due to a rare, deadly infection,

text: primary amoebic meningoencephalitis

text: (PAM), prompted a public-health investigation in conjunction with the

text: Centers for Disease Control

text: . PAM is a water-borne infection caused by an amoebic organism,

text: Naegleria fowleri

text: , that enters the brain through the nose, usually resulting in death. PAM is associated with swimming and water sports in fresh water bodies and inadequately chlorinated swimming pools. An increase of Naegleria fowleri may be seen with

text: global climate change

text: , given that PAM is more likely in warm water.Orange County, Fla. has had 16 cases of

text: primary amoebic meningoencephalitis

text: (PAM), in 47 years, of 32 PAM cases recorded in the

text: state of Florida

text: . As of 1990, about 200 cases of PAM had been reported worldwide; as of 2007, 132 cases had been reported in the U.S. PAM occurs throughout the world, including colder climates, such as the UK and

text: Belgium

text: . In 2007, PAM cases were also reported in Texas and Arizona. Water-borne diseases investigated by the Orange County Health Department, the Florida Department of Health and the CDC have also included

text: Giardia

text: Cyclosporiasis

text: and

text: Cryptosporidiosis

text: . Techniques for identifying Cyclosporiasis were first developed in central Florida. The Florida Department of Health in Orange County, the Florida Department of Health and the CDC advise swimmers and water sports enthusiasts to wear nose plugs when the ambient temperatures exceed 80 degrees, when choosing to participate in fresh water activities. However these have not been shown to prevent the disease. Avoiding fresh water during the hot season appears to be the safest practice. Naegleria fowlerii infection of young teenagers is best described as one of a number of very rare, "

text: orphan disease

text: s".

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: amoebic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it enters the brain

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Giardia

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: PAM cases were also reported in Texas and Arizona.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: chlorinated swimming pools.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: amoebic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: global climate change, given that PAM is more likely in warm water.Orange

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: PAM

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 200

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Giardia,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: PAM cases were also reported in Texas and Arizona. Water-borne diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: inadequately chlorinated swimming pools.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: PAM

text: Under the 1970 Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act, the Canadian government established a document to prevent pollution of Canadian Arctic waters. However, in recent years Arctic waters have become increasingly polluted. It was recently found that due to pollution some waters have levels of lead that are higher than the Canadian guidelines.

text: Under the 1970

text: Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act

text: , the Canadian government established a document to prevent pollution of Canadian Arctic waters. However, in recent years Arctic waters have become increasingly polluted. It was recently found that due to pollution some waters have levels of lead that are higher than the Canadian guidelines.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1970 Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Arctic waters have become increasingly polluted.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Arctic waters have become increasingly polluted.

text: Irish Water Safety (IWS) is a registered charity that promotes water safety in Ireland. Its programmes were formerly part of the Irish Red Cross Society. Its headquarters are in  Galway City.

text: Irish Water Safety (IWS) is a registered charity that promotes

text: water safety

text: in

text: Ireland

text: . Its programmes were formerly part of the

text: Irish Red Cross Society

text: . Its headquarters are in

text: Galway City

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Irish Water Safety

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Ireland.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Irish Red Cross Society.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water safety

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Irish Water Safety

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Ireland.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Irish Red Cross Society.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Irish Red Cross Society.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Irish Red Cross Society.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Ireland.

text: On January 13, 2016, Snyder said that 87 cases of Legionnaires' disease, a waterborne disease, were reported in Genesee County from June 2014 – November 2015, resulting in 10 deaths. Although the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) said that there is no evidence of a clear link between the spike in cases and the water system change, Edwards stated the contaminated Flint water could be linked to the spike, telling reporters:

text: On January 13, 2016, Snyder said that 87 cases of

text: Legionnaires' disease

text: , a

text: waterborne disease

text: , were reported in Genesee County from June 2014 – November 2015, resulting in 10 deaths. Although the

entity_name: Michigan Department of Health and Human Services

text: Michigan Department of Health and Human Services

text: (MDHHS) said that there is no evidence of a clear link between the spike in cases and the water system change, Edwards stated the contaminated Flint water could be linked to the spike, telling reporters:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Legionnaires' disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: contaminated Flint water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2016,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Edwards stated the contaminated Flint water could be linked to the spike,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 10

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Legionnaires' disease,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated Flint water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Edwards

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Edwards stated the contaminated Flint water could be linked to the spike,

text: In 2013 the investment council supervised by the Governor of Kaluga Oblast passed a resolution on the creation of an Ecotechnopark. The park will be designed with the use of the best technologies, ensuring its sanitary and environmental safety.  Priorities include protection of surface and subterranean waters from contamination, storage and recycling of industrial and household waste, radiation security, and reduction of air pollution.

text: In 2013 the investment council supervised by the Governor of Kaluga Oblast passed a resolution on the creation of an Ecotechnopark. The park will be designed with the use of the best technologies, ensuring its sanitary and environmental safety.  Priorities include protection of surface and subterranean waters from contamination, storage and recycling of industrial and household waste, radiation security, and reduction of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contamination

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contamination

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Kaluga Oblast

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: surface and subterranean waters

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contamination,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: radiation security, and reduction of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contamination,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Kaluga Oblast

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contamination, storage and recycling of industrial and household waste,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Ecotechnopark.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: protection of surface and subterranean waters from contamination,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: sanitary and environmental safety.

text: The environmental impacts of tapping the Marcellus Shale are hotly debated. The effects of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing on the surface water, groundwater, the chemicals used in fracturing, the disposal of toxic fracturing fluid, air pollution, drilling safety, spills, forest fragmentation, encroachment on residential communities, road use, and land reclamation are all contentious issues.

text: The environmental impacts of tapping the Marcellus Shale are hotly debated. The effects of

text: horizontal drilling

text: and hydraulic fracturing on the surface water,

text: groundwater

text: , the chemicals used in fracturing, the disposal of toxic fracturing fluid,

text: air pollution

text: , drilling safety, spills, forest fragmentation, encroachment on residential communities, road use, and

text: land reclamation

text: are all contentious issues.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: fracturing fluid

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: spills

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Marcellus Shale

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: surface water, groundwater,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: hotly debated.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: the disposal of toxic fracturing fluid,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The environmental impacts of tapping the Marcellus Shale

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: groundwater,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: spills,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The environmental impacts of tapping the Marcellus Shale

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: encroachment on residential communities, road use, and land reclamation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The effects of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing

text: Eccleston identifies and describes five of the most critical environmental policy issues facing humanity: water scarcity, food scarcity, climate change, the peak oil, and the population paradox.

text: Eccleston identifies and describes five of the most critical environmental policy issues facing humanity: water scarcity, food scarcity, climate change, the peak oil, and the population paradox.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: population is too small

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: humanity:

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: climate change,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Eccleston

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water scarcity,

text: The water industry is administered in whole by the Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority (PRASA), another government-owned corporation and government monopoly which owns and manages all the water supply network in Puerto Rico. All potable water comes either from raw water (primarily rainwater, lakes, and rivers) or sewage treatment subject to regulations by the Department of Natural and Environmental Resources of Puerto Rico (DRNA), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board (JCA in Spanish), and the Safe Drinking Water Act. The water bottling industry is diverse with several plants on the island.

text: The

text: water industry

text: is administered in whole by the

entity_name: Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority

text: Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority

text: (PRASA), another government-owned corporation and government monopoly which owns and manages all the

text: water supply network

text: in Puerto Rico. All potable water comes either from

text: raw water

text: (primarily

text: rainwater

text: lakes

text: , and

text: rivers

text: ) or

text: sewage treatment

text: subject to regulations by the

entity_name: Department of Natural and Environmental Resources (Puerto Rico)

text: Department of Natural and Environmental Resources of Puerto Rico

text: (DRNA), the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA), the

text: Puerto Rico Environmental Quality Board

text: (JCA in Spanish), and the

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

text: . The

text: water bottling

text: industry is diverse with several plants on the island.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: raw water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Puerto Rico

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: All potable water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Puerto Rico.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sewage treatment

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Puerto Rico

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Puerto Rico.

text: As an example, the United States employs water quality standards as part of its regulation of surface water quality under the Clean Water Act. The Clean Water Act Water Quality Standards (WQS) Program begins with U.S. states designating intended uses (e.g., recreation, drinking water, natural habitat) for surface water, after which they develop science-based water quality criteria - including numeric pollutant concentration limits, narrative goals (e.g., free from algae blooms), and narrative biological criteria (i.e., the aquatic life that should be able to live in the waterbody). If the water body fails the existing WQS criteria, the state must develop a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for pollutants of concern. Human activity impacting water quality will then be controlled via other regulatory means in order to achieve the TMDL targets.

text: As an example, the United States employs water quality standards as part of its regulation of surface water quality under the

text: Clean Water Act

text: . The

text: Clean Water Act Water Quality Standards (WQS) Program

text: begins with U.S. states designating intended uses (e.g., recreation, drinking water, natural habitat) for surface water, after which they develop science-based water quality criteria - including numeric pollutant concentration limits, narrative goals (e.g., free from algae blooms), and narrative biological criteria (i.e., the aquatic life that should be able to live in the waterbody). If the water body fails the existing WQS criteria, the state must develop a

text: Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL)

text: for pollutants of concern. Human activity impacting water quality will then be controlled via other regulatory means in order to achieve the TMDL targets.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: aquatic life

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: human activity impacting water quality

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Human activity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: algae blooms),

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Human activity impacting water quality will then be controlled via other regulatory means

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: the United States

text: The government of Saudi Arabia's strategic plan involves using a newly constructed dam to supply water to population centers rather than to irrigate farms. The Ministry of Agriculture and Water was concerned about the Bisha area's dependence on groundwater and initially decided to construct a dam in the Bisha Valley (King Fahad Dam) to support agricultural activities in the region. However, due to the scarcity of clean drinking water, the dam output has been redirected for drinking purposes, resulting in a sharp decline of agricultural output.

text: The government of Saudi Arabia's strategic plan involves using a newly constructed dam to supply water to population centers rather than to irrigate farms. The Ministry of Agriculture and Water was concerned about the Bisha area's dependence on groundwater and initially decided to construct a dam in the Bisha Valley (

text: King Fahad Dam

text: ) to support agricultural activities in the region. However, due to the scarcity of clean drinking water, the dam output has been redirected for drinking purposes, resulting in a sharp decline of agricultural output.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person eats it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: scarcity of clean drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: clean drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: clean drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: scarcity of clean drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: scarcity of clean drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: scarcity of clean drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: scarcity of clean drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: a newly constructed dam to supply water to population centers

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: scarcity of clean drinking water,

text: In Ireland, the statutory body established to promote water safety is "Irish Water Safety" who train and award lifeguards with the National Pool Lifeguard Award, the National Beach Lifeguard Award and the Inland Open Water Lifeguard Award.

text: In

text: Ireland

text: , the statutory body established to promote water safety is "

text: Irish Water Safety

text: " who train and award lifeguards with the National Pool Lifeguard Award, the National Beach Lifeguard Award and the Inland Open Water Lifeguard Award.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are unable to survive in water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Ireland,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Ireland,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water safety

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water safety

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water safety

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Ireland,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: National Pool Lifeguard Award,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: "Irish Water Safety"

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: "Irish Water Safety"

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Ireland,

text: Alcohol: Raksi is a clear liquid, similar to tequila in alcohol content. It is usually brewed "in house", resulting in a variation in its taste and strength. This is by far the least expensive drink in the country. It is often served on special occasions in small, unbaked clay cups that hold less than a shot. It works great as a mixer in juice or soda. Note that it may appear on menus as "Nepali wine".Jaand (Nepali) or chyaang (Tibetan) is a cloudy, moderately alcoholic drink sometimes called Nepali beer". While weaker than raksi, it will still have quite an effect. This is often offered to guests in Nepali homes, and is diluted with water. For your safety, be sure to ask your guests if the water has been sanitized before drinking this beverage.

text: Alcohol: Raksi is a clear liquid, similar to tequila in alcohol content. It is usually brewed "in house", resulting in a variation in its taste and strength. This is by far the least expensive drink in the country. It is often served on special occasions in small, unbaked clay cups that hold less than a shot. It works great as a mixer in juice or soda. Note that it may appear on menus as "Nepali wine".Jaand (Nepali) or chyaang (Tibetan) is a cloudy, moderately alcoholic drink sometimes called Nepali beer". While weaker than raksi, it will still have quite an effect. This is often offered to guests in Nepali homes, and is diluted with water. For your safety, be sure to ask your guests if the water has been sanitized before drinking this beverage.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is not disinfected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: chyaang

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Alcohol: Raksi

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: sanitized

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sanitized

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sanitized

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: sanitized

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Raksi

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sanitized

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Nepali beer".

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: sanitized

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: sanitized

text: Cabotage laws apply to merchant ships in most countries that have a coastline so as to protect the domestic shipping industry from foreign competition, preserve domestically owned shipping infrastructure for national security purposes, and ensure safety in congested territorial waters.

text: Cabotage laws apply to merchant ships in most countries that have a coastline so as to protect the domestic shipping industry from foreign competition, preserve domestically owned shipping infrastructure for national security purposes, and ensure safety in congested territorial waters.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with toxins

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Cabotage laws apply to merchant ships

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: countries

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: foreign competition,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: foreign competition,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Cabotage laws apply to merchant ships

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: countries that have a coastline

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Cabotage laws apply to merchant ships

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Cabotage laws apply to merchant ships

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Cabotage laws apply to merchant ships

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Cabotage laws apply to merchant ships

text: Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater). This form of environmental degradation occurs when pollutants are  directly or indirectly discharged  into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.

text: Water pollution is the contamination of

text: water

text: bodies (e.g.

text: lake

text: s,

text: river

text: s,

text: ocean

text: s,

text: aquifer

text: s and

text: groundwater

text: ). This form of

text: environmental degradation

text: occurs when

text: pollutant

text: s are  directly or indirectly discharged  into water bodies without adequate

text: treatment

text: to remove harmful compounds.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: harmful compounds

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: oceans

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater).

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: harmful compounds.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: oceans,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water pollution

text: The bacterium is found naturally in fresh water. It can contaminate hot water tanks, hot tubs, and cooling towers of large air conditioners. It is usually spread by breathing in mist that contains the bacteria. It can also occur when contaminated water is aspirated. It typically does not spread directly between people and most people who are exposed do not become infected. Risk factors for infection include older age, history of smoking, chronic lung disease, and poor immune function. It is recommended that those with severe pneumonia and those with pneumonia and a recent travel history be tested for the disease. Diagnosis is by a urinary antigen test and sputum culture.

text: The bacterium is found naturally in

text: fresh water

text: . It can contaminate hot water tanks, hot tubs, and

text: cooling towers

text: of large

text: air conditioner

text: s. It is usually spread by breathing in mist that contains the bacteria. It can also occur when contaminated water is

text: aspirated

text: . It typically does not spread directly between people and most people who are exposed do not become infected. Risk factors for infection include older age, history of smoking,

text: chronic lung disease

text: , and

text: poor immune function

text: . It is recommended that those with severe pneumonia and those with pneumonia and a recent travel history be tested for the disease. Diagnosis is by a urinary

text: antigen test

text: and

text: sputum culture

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water is aspirated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pneumonia

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The bacterium is found naturally in fresh water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: fresh water.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacterium is found naturally in fresh water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: breathing in mist that contains the bacteria.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The bacterium is found naturally in fresh water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: fresh water.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: hot tubs, and cooling towers of large air conditioners.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: breathing in mist

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: breathing in mist

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: most people who are exposed do not become infected.

text: Pollution degrades the value of what Georgists consider to be commons. Because pollution is a negative contribution, a taking from the commons or a cost imposed on others, its value is economic rent, even when the polluter is not receiving an explicit income. Therefore, to the extent that society determines pollution to be harmful, most Georgists propose to limit pollution with taxation or quotas that capture the resulting rents for public use, restoration, or a citizen's dividend.

text: Pollution degrades the value of what Georgists consider to be

text: commons

text: . Because pollution is a negative contribution, a taking from the commons or a cost imposed on others, its value is

text: economic rent

text: , even when the polluter is not receiving an explicit income. Therefore, to the extent that society determines pollution to be harmful, most Georgists propose to limit pollution with taxation or quotas that capture the resulting rents for public use, restoration, or a citizen's dividend.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluters

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: taxation or quotas

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Pollution

text: The diffusion of infectious disease tends to occur in a ‘wave’ fashion, spreading from a central source.  Pyle mentions barriers that pose a resistance towards a wave of diffusion, which include but are not limited to:  physiographic features (i.e. mountains, water bodies), political boundaries, linguistic barriers, and with diseases, a barrier could be differing control programs.  The diffusion of disease can be identified as a normal distribution over time and translated into an S-shaped curve to show the phases of disease diffusion.  The phases are: Infusion (25th percentile), Inflection (50th percentile), Saturation (75th percentile), and Waning to the upper limits.

text: The diffusion of

text: infectious disease

text: tends to occur in a ‘wave’ fashion, spreading from a central source.  Pyle mentions barriers that pose a resistance towards a wave of diffusion, which include but are not limited to:  physiographic features (i.e. mountains, water bodies), political boundaries,

text: linguistic barriers

text: , and with diseases, a barrier could be differing control programs.  The diffusion of disease can be identified as a

text: normal distribution

text: over time and translated into an S-shaped curve to show the phases of disease diffusion.  The phases are: Infusion (25th percentile), Inflection (50th percentile), Saturation (75th percentile), and Waning to the upper limits.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: infectious

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: spreading from a central source

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water bodies

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Infusion

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The diffusion of infectious disease

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (25th

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: central source.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: spreading from a central source.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The diffusion of infectious disease

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: infectious disease

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: mountains, water bodies),

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: spreading from a central source.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: differing control programs.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: differing control programs.

text: Effluent Guidelines (also referred to as Effluent Limitation Guidelines (ELGs)) are U.S. national standards for wastewater discharges to surface waters and publicly owned treatment works (POTW) (also called municipal sewage treatment plants). The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issues Effluent Guideline regulations for categories of industrial sources of water pollution under Title III of the Clean Water Act (CWA). The standards are technology-based, i.e. they are based on the performance of treatment and control technologies(e.g., Best Available Technology). Effluent Guidelines are not based on risk or impacts of pollutants upon receiving waters.

text: Effluent Guidelines (also referred to as Effluent Limitation Guidelines (ELGs)) are U.S. national standards for wastewater discharges to surface waters and

text: publicly owned treatment works

text: (POTW) (also called municipal

text: sewage treatment

text: plants). The

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) issues Effluent Guideline regulations for categories of industrial sources of

text: water pollution

text: under Title III of the

text: Clean Water Act

text: (CWA). The standards are technology-based, i.e. they are based on the performance of treatment and control technologies(e.g.,

text: Best Available Technology

text: ). Effluent Guidelines are not based on risk or impacts of pollutants upon receiving waters.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: wastewater discharges to surface waters

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Effluent Guidelines

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Effluent Guidelines

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water pollution under Title III of the Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: technology-based,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: treatment and control technologies(e.g.,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Effluent Guidelines

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: U.S. national standards for wastewater discharges to surface waters

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Effluent Guidelines

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Effluent Guidelines

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: publicly owned treatment works

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Effluent Guidelines

text: The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention publishes a list of the leading causes of waterborne outbreaks in public water systems.

text: The US

text: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

text: publishes a list of the leading causes of waterborne outbreaks in public water systems.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: public water systems.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne outbreaks

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne outbreaks in public water systems.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: US

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: outbreaks

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne outbreaks in public water systems.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: leading causes of waterborne outbreaks in public water systems.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: leading causes of waterborne outbreaks in public water systems.

text: India experiences an average precipitation of  per year, or about  of rains annually. Some 80 percent of its area experiences rains of  or more a year. However, this rain is not uniform in time or geography. Most of the rains occur during its monsoon seasons (June to September), with the northeast and north receiving far more rains than India's west and south. Other than rains, the melting of snow year round over the Himalayas feeds the northern rivers to varying degrees. The southern rivers, however experience more flow variability over the year. For the Himalayan basin, this leads to flooding in some months and water scarcity in others. Despite extensive river system, safe clean drinking water as well as irrigation water supplies for sustainable agriculture are in shortage across India, in part because it has, as yet, harnessed a small fraction of its available and recoverable surface water resource. India harnessed  (20 percent) of its water resources in 2010, part of which came from unsustainable use of groundwater. Of the water it withdrew from its rivers and groundwater wells, India dedicated about  to irrigation,  to municipal and drinking water applications and  to industry.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: about

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: about

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Himalayan basin,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (20 percent)

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: India experiences an average precipitation

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: safe clean drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: safe clean drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: India experiences an average precipitation of per year,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: safe clean drinking water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe clean drinking water

text: The Fernald Feed Materials Production Center was built in Crosby Township, Ohio in 1951, and decommissioned in 1989. Fernald processed uranium trioxide and uranium tetrafluoride, among other radioactive materials, to produce the uranium fuel cores for nuclear weapons. It was shrouded in suspicion with many manager changes and the people of the town ill-informed of the purpose of the plant. The Fernald Feed Materials Production Center also conducted an evaluation of how much material was contaminated by Radium. Using 138 pieces of the CR-39 film assays, they were able to determine that people working in the area where K-65 silos ( Underground chamber used to store missiles) had lower levels of exposure of materials contaminated by Radon than the Q-11 silos between the period of 1952-1988 Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology.Throughout 1951-1995 the plant had numerous scandals including faking numbers for contamination and disregarding evidence of ground water pollution. Among the citizens affected by the pollution was Mrs. Lisa Crawford who took action. Crawford and other residents filed a lawsuit in 1985 and became president of the organization FRESH (Fernald Residents for Environmental Safety and Health). A lawsuit was then filed once again against Fernald by former employees several years later in 1990. After several years of being heavily advised not to blow the whistle, the workers earned themselves a $15 million settlement and lifelong medical monitoring. In 1992, FERMCO was hired to construct a cleanup plan for the plant and in 1996, around accusations of wasteful spending, the cleanup of ground water and soil was completed.

text: The Fernald Feed Materials Production Center was built in Crosby Township, Ohio in 1951, and decommissioned in 1989. Fernald processed

text: uranium trioxide

text: and

text: uranium tetrafluoride

text: , among other radioactive materials, to produce the

text: uranium fuel cores

text: for nuclear weapons. It was shrouded in suspicion with many manager changes and the people of the town ill-informed of the purpose of the plant. The Fernald Feed Materials Production Center also conducted an evaluation of how much material was contaminated by Radium. Using 138 pieces of the CR-39 film assays, they were able to determine that people working in the area where K-65 silos ( Underground chamber used to store missiles) had lower levels of exposure of materials contaminated by Radon than the Q-11 silos between the period of 1952-1988

entity_name: Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology

text: Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology

text: Throughout

text: 1951-1995 the plant had numerous scandals including faking numbers for contamination and disregarding evidence of ground water pollution. Among the citizens affected by the pollution was Mrs. Lisa Crawford who took action. Crawford and other residents filed a lawsuit in 1985 and became president of the organization FRESH (Fernald Residents for Environmental Safety and Health). A lawsuit was then filed once again against Fernald by former employees several years later in 1990. After several years of being heavily advised not to blow the whistle, the workers earned themselves a $15 million settlement and lifelong medical monitoring. In 1992, FERMCO was hired to construct a cleanup plan for the plant and in 1996, around accusations of wasteful spending, the cleanup of ground water and soil was completed.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: people are exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Radon

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It was shrouded in suspicion with many manager changes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: FERMCO

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: FERMCO

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Health).

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure of materials contaminated by Radon

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: ground water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: FERMCO

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Radon

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: faking numbers for contamination and disregarding evidence of ground water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: the cleanup of ground water and soil was completed.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: ground water pollution.

text: After the EPA had introduced watershed-based NPDES permitting in 2007, interest in nutrient removal and achieving regional TMDLs led to the development of nutrient trading schemes. Nutrient trading is a type of water quality trading, a market-based policy instrument used to improve or maintain water quality. Water quality trading arose around 2005 and is based on the fact that different pollution sources in a watershed can face very different costs to control the same pollutant. Water quality trading involves the voluntary exchange of pollution reduction credits from sources with low costs of pollution control to those with high costs of pollution control, and the same principles apply to nutrient water quality trading. The underlying principle is “polluter pays”, usually linked with a regulatory driver for participating is the trading program.

text: After the EPA had introduced watershed-based

text: NPDES

text: permitting in 2007, interest in nutrient removal and achieving regional TMDLs led to the development of nutrient trading schemes. Nutrient trading is a type of

entity_name: United States regulation of point source water pollution

text: water quality trading

text: , a

entity_name: Market-based environmental policy instruments

text: market-based policy instrument

text: used to improve or maintain water quality. Water quality trading arose around 2005 and is based on the fact that different pollution sources in a watershed can face very different costs to control the same pollutant. Water quality trading involves the voluntary exchange of pollution reduction credits from sources with low costs of pollution control to those with high costs of pollution control, and the same principles apply to nutrient water quality trading. The underlying principle is “polluter pays”, usually linked with a regulatory driver for participating is the trading program.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: nutrient removal

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2007,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: regional TMDLs

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: different costs to control the same pollutant.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: nutrient removal

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: nutrient removal and achieving regional TMDLs

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: nutrient removal

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: nutrient trading schemes. Nutrient trading

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: nutrient trading schemes.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: nutrient trading schemes.

text: When AMSA, now NACWA, members learned that President Nixon was planning to veto the bill, the Association sent him a telegram urging him to sign it.  Although the President did veto the bill, Congress overrode the veto and the Clean Water Act was enacted.  The legislation created programs to help municipalities clean up local waters. Shortly after passage, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created. From that point on, EPA and NACWA worked together to clean up water pollution in the Nation’s cities. By that time, NACWA "had become an organization consulted by members of the federal government concerned with water pollution".

text: When AMSA, now NACWA, members learned that President Nixon was planning to veto the bill, the Association sent him a telegram urging him to sign it.  Although the President did veto the bill, Congress overrode the veto and the Clean Water Act was enacted.  The legislation created programs to help municipalities clean up local waters. Shortly after passage, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created. From that point on, EPA and NACWA worked together to clean up water pollution in the Nation’s cities. By that time, NACWA "had become an organization consulted by members of the federal government concerned with water pollution".

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is polluted

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Congress overrode the veto and the Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: the Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water pollution".

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Congress overrode the veto and the Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: clean up local waters.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Clean Water Act

text: Public health departments investigate waterborne disease outbreaks in states, territories, and Freely Associated States and are essential contributors to the WBDOSS. The primary reporting tool for WBDOSS prior to 2009 was the CDC 52.12 waterborne disease outbreak reporting form. Beginning in 2009, this form was replaced by the electronic National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS). Secondary data sources include case reports of water-associated cases of PAM caused by Naegleria fowleri infections, case reports for chemical/toxin poisoning and wound infections (reported sporadically), data about recreational water-associated Vibrio  cases from the Cholera and Other Vibrio Surveillance System, and case reports for pool chemical-related health events not associated with recreational water (reported sporadically.

text: Public health departments investigate waterborne disease outbreaks in states, territories, and Freely Associated States and are essential contributors to the WBDOSS. The primary reporting tool for WBDOSS prior to 2009 was the CDC 52.12 waterborne disease outbreak reporting form. Beginning in 2009, this form was replaced by the electronic

text: National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS)

text: . Secondary data sources include case reports of water-associated cases of PAM caused by

text: Naegleria fowleri

text: infections, case reports for chemical/toxin poisoning and wound infections (reported sporadically), data about recreational water-associated

text: Vibrio

text: cases from the Cholera and Other Vibrio Surveillance System, and case reports for pool chemical-related health events not associated with recreational water (reported sporadically.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne disease outbreaks

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Naegleria fowleri

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: States

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Freely Associated States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: chemical/toxin poisoning

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Freely Associated States

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: PAM caused by Naegleria fowleri infections,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Naegleria fowleri

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Freely Associated States

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Freely Associated States

text: Following the media reports, the Justice Department and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) launched an intensive investigation into McWane’s safety and environmental practices. Federal regulators brought formal charges against McWane facilities and managers, resulting in $25 million in fines and prison sentences of up to 70 months for four McWane plant managers. Regulators also charged McWane with more than 400 air and water quality violations. The company resolved the bulk of the environmental violations in 2010, when it agreed to pay $4 million in civil penalties and spend another $9.1 million on environmental projects in communities near its plants. This agreement covered 28 of the company's manufacturing facilities in 14 states, and resolves violations including the Clean Air Act. the Clean Water Act, the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, Toxic Substances Control Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, and three other federal acts. McWane President Ruffner Page Jr. said the agreement was "the beginning of the final chapter" in McWane's effort to be in full compliance.

text: Following the media reports, the

text: Justice Department

text: and the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) launched an intensive investigation into McWane’s safety and environmental practices. Federal regulators brought formal charges against McWane facilities and managers, resulting in $25 million in fines and prison sentences of up to 70 months for four McWane plant managers. Regulators also charged McWane with more than 400 air and water quality violations. The company resolved the bulk of the environmental violations in 2010, when it agreed to pay $4 million in civil penalties and spend another $9.1 million on environmental projects in communities near its plants. This agreement covered 28 of the company's manufacturing facilities in 14 states, and resolves violations including the

text: Clean Air Act

text: . the

text: Clean Water Act

text: , the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act,

text: Toxic Substances Control Act

text: , the

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

text: , and three other federal acts. McWane President Ruffner Page Jr. said the agreement was "the beginning of the final chapter" in McWane's effort to be in full compliance.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: toxic substances

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Toxic Substances Control

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 400 air and water quality violations.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Toxic Substances

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Toxic Substances Control Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 400

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Toxic Substances

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: $9.1 million on environmental projects

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act,

text: Most water pollutants are eventually carried by rivers into the oceans. In some areas of the world the influence can be traced one hundred miles from the mouth by studies using hydrology transport models. Advanced computer models such as SWMM or the DSSAM Model have been used in many locations worldwide to examine the fate of pollutants in aquatic systems. Indicator filter-feeding species such as copepods have also been used to study pollutant fates in the New York Bight, for example. The highest toxin loads are not directly at the mouth of the Hudson River, but  south, since several days are required for incorporation into planktonic tissue. The Hudson discharge flows south along the coast due to the coriolis force. Further south are areas of oxygen depletion caused by chemicals using up oxygen and by algae blooms, caused by excess nutrients from algal cell death and decomposition. Fish and shellfish kills have been reported, because toxins climb the food chain after small fish consume copepods, then large fish eat smaller fish, etc. Each successive step up the food chain causes a cumulative concentration of pollutants such as heavy metals (e.g. mercury) and persistent organic pollutants such as DDT. This is known as bio-magnification, which is occasionally used interchangeably with bio-accumulation.

text: Most water pollutants are eventually carried by rivers into the oceans. In some areas of the world the influence can be traced one hundred miles from the mouth by studies using

text: hydrology transport model

text: s. Advanced

text: computer model

text: s such as

text: SWMM

text: or the

text: DSSAM Model

text: have been used in many locations worldwide to examine the fate of pollutants in aquatic systems. Indicator

text: filter-feeding

text: species such as

text: copepods

text: have also been used to study pollutant fates in the

text: New York Bight

text: , for example. The highest

text: toxin

text: loads are not directly at the mouth of the

text: Hudson River

text: , but  south, since several days are required for incorporation into

text: plankton

text: ic tissue. The Hudson discharge flows south along the coast due to the

text: coriolis force

text: . Further south are areas of

text: oxygen depletion

text: caused by chemicals using up oxygen and by

text: algae bloom

text: s, caused by excess

text: nutrient

text: s from algal cell death and decomposition. Fish and

text: shellfish

text: kills have been reported, because toxins climb the food chain after small fish consume

text: copepods

text: , then large fish eat smaller fish, etc. Each successive step up the food chain causes a cumulative concentration of pollutants such as

text: heavy metals

text: (e.g.

text: mercury

text: ) and

text: persistent organic pollutants

text: such as

text: DDT

text: . This is known as bio-magnification, which is occasionally used interchangeably with bio-accumulation.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: toxins

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: toxins climb the food chain

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Hudson River,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: In some areas

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: toxins climb the food chain

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: toxins climb the food chain

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Most water pollutants are eventually carried by rivers into the oceans.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Fish and shellfish

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Fish and shellfish kills

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: toxins climb the food chain

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: hydrology transport models.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Most water pollutants are eventually carried by rivers into the oceans.

text: The assessment confirmed that agriculture consumes more water resources than any other sector. A key finding was that a third of the world's population live in water-scarce areas. More than 1.2 billion live in areas of physical water scarcity, lacking water resources. Parts of Australia and the United States suffer in this way. A further 1.6 billion people live in areas of economic water scarcity, where there is insufficient human capacity or financial resources for people to effectively make use of water that is available. Here, sub-Saharan Africa is a good example; there is water in the rivers but no dams or pumps to enable people to use it.

text: The assessment confirmed that agriculture consumes more water resources than any other sector. A key finding was that a third of the world's population live in water-scarce areas. More than 1.2 billion live in areas of

text: physical water scarcity

text: , lacking water resources. Parts of Australia and the United States suffer in this way. A further 1.6 billion people live in areas of

text: economic water scarcity

text: , where there is insufficient human capacity or financial resources for people to effectively make use of water that is available. Here, sub-Saharan Africa is a good example; there is water in the rivers but no dams or pumps to enable people to use it.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: a third

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.2 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 1.2 billion live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: a third

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: agriculture consumes more water resources than any other sector.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: insufficient human capacity or financial resources

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water-scarce areas.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.2 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 1.2 billion live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water-scarce areas.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no dams or pumps

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: third of the world's population live in water-scarce areas.

text: NORS replaced the electronic Foodborne Outbreak Reporting System (eFORS) - the primary tool for reporting foodborne disease outbreaks to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) since 2001. NORS also replaced the paper-based reporting system used during 1971-2008 to report waterborne disease outbreaks to the Waterborne Disease and Outbreak Reporting System (WBDOSS). The transition to electronic waterborne disease outbreak reporting is in large part a response to the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) position statement titled “Improving Detection, Investigation, and Reporting of Waterborne Disease Outbreaks.”

text: NORS replaced the electronic Foodborne Outbreak Reporting System (eFORS) - the primary tool for reporting foodborne disease outbreaks to the U.S.

text: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

text: since 2001. NORS also replaced the paper-based reporting system used during 1971-2008 to report waterborne disease outbreaks to the

entity_name: Waterborne Disease and Outbreak Reporting System

text: Waterborne Disease and Outbreak Reporting System (WBDOSS)

text: . The transition to electronic waterborne disease outbreak reporting is in large part a response to the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) position statement titled “Improving Detection, Investigation, and Reporting of Waterborne Disease Outbreaks.”

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: foodborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: foodborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NORS

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1971-2008

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: foodborne disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Detection,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne disease outbreaks

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: foodborne

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: NORS replaced the electronic Foodborne Outbreak Reporting System

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Waterborne Disease and Outbreak Reporting System (WBDOSS).

text: The Water and Sanitation Extension Program (WASEP) is an initiative by the Aga Khan Planning and Building Service, Pakistan to provide clean drinking water and hygienic sanitation facilities to prevent the high incidence of waterborne diseases in disadvantaged communities of Pakistan.

text: The Water and Sanitation Extension Program (WASEP) is an initiative by the

text: Aga Khan Planning and Building Service, Pakistan

text: to provide clean drinking water and hygienic sanitation facilities to prevent the high incidence of

text: waterborne diseases

text: in disadvantaged communities of

text: Pakistan

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Pakistan to provide clean drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Pakistan

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Pakistan

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: disadvantaged communities of Pakistan.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: disadvantaged communities of Pakistan.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Pakistan to provide clean drinking water

text: In the area of environmental protection and public health, a Public Health Service 1969 community water survey that looked at more than a thousand drinking water systems across the United States drew two important conclusions that supported a growing demand for stronger protections that were adopted in the 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act. The survey concluded, first, that the state supervision programs were very uneven and often lax, and, second, that the bacteriological quality of the water, particularly among small systems, was of concern.

text: In the area of environmental protection and public health, a Public Health Service 1969 community water survey that looked at more than a thousand drinking water systems across the United States drew two important conclusions that supported a growing demand for stronger protections that were adopted in the 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act. The survey concluded, first, that the state supervision programs were very uneven and often lax, and, second, that the bacteriological quality of the water, particularly among small systems, was of concern.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteriological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: small systems are not properly monitored

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: coliform bacteria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In the area of environmental protection and public health,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: a thousand drinking water systems across the United States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteriological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: bacteriological quality of the water, particularly among small systems,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: a thousand

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bacteriological quality

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: state supervision programs were very uneven and often lax,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: drinking water systems across the United States

text: Bioconcentration is the accumulation of a chemical in or on an organism when the source of chemical is solely water. Bioconcentration is a term that was created for use in the field of aquatic toxicology. Bioconcentration can also be defined as the process by which a chemical concentration in an aquatic organism exceeds that in water as a result of exposure to a waterborne chemical.

text: Bioconcentration is the accumulation of a chemical in or on an organism when the source of chemical is solely water. Bioconcentration is a term that was created for use in the field of

text: aquatic toxicology

text: . Bioconcentration can also be defined as the process by which a chemical concentration in an aquatic organism exceeds that in water as a result of exposure to a waterborne chemical.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure to a waterborne chemical

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: bioconcentration

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Bioconcentration

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Bioconcentration

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Bioconcentration

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure to a waterborne chemical.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Bioconcentration

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Bioconcentration

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Bioconcentration

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Bioconcentration

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Bioconcentration

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Bioconcentration

text: According to figures released by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) Sonae Indústria's UK plant located at Knowsley, Merseyside, was the subject of 22 reports of major accidents between 2000 and 2010. Between 2003 and 2006 it was successfully prosecuted by the HSE on four occasions and fined a total of £132,000. On 1 June 2002 an explosion occurred at the plant and 20,000 liters of pollutant escaped into local waterways. The government's Environment Agency said: "On 3 June an Agency officer visited the site and saw that the outfall from Sonae's premises was gushing a milky white liquid. Kirkby Brook was discolored white for about two kilometers downstream, and still affected for at least a further two kilometers. Samples taken by the Agency revealed that the water in the brook was polluted to almost three times the strength of raw sewage. An ecology survey taken two days later showed that for at least 200 meters downstream, all life in the brook had been completely wiped out, and even as far as two and a half kilometers away the brook was classified as 'grossly polluted.'" In 2003 the Environment Agency prosecuted the firm over five pollution incidents affecting local waterways resulting in fines totaling £37,500. The HSE closed the plant on eight occasions between 2001 and 2003. Residents living near the plant have "repeatedly called for its closure following a series of chemical leaks and fires." Between 2000 and 2007 Knowsley Council served "many statutory notices on Sonae, including two prohibition notices, 10 enforcement notices, five variation notices and one notice requiring information, with which Sonae did not comply."

text: According to figures released by the

text: Health and Safety Executive

text: (HSE) Sonae Indústria's UK plant located at Knowsley, Merseyside, was the subject of 22 reports of major accidents between 2000 and 2010. Between 2003 and 2006 it was successfully prosecuted by the HSE on four occasions and fined a total of

text: 132,000. On 1 June 2002 an explosion occurred at the plant and 20,000 liters of pollutant escaped into local waterways. The government's

text: Environment Agency

text: said: "On 3 June an Agency officer visited the site and saw that the outfall from Sonae's premises was gushing a milky white liquid. Kirkby Brook was discolored white for about two kilometers downstream, and still affected for at least a further two kilometers. Samples taken by the Agency revealed that the water in the brook was polluted to almost three times the strength of raw

text: sewage

text: . An ecology survey taken two days later showed that for at least 200 meters downstream, all life in the brook had been completely wiped out, and even as far as two and a half kilometers away the brook was classified as 'grossly polluted.'" In 2003 the

text: Environment Agency

text: prosecuted the firm over five pollution incidents affecting local waterways resulting in fines totaling

text: 37,500. The HSE closed the plant on eight occasions between 2001 and 2003. Residents living near the plant have "repeatedly called for its closure following a series of chemical leaks and fires." Between 2000 and 2007

text: Knowsley Council

text: served "many statutory notices on Sonae, including two prohibition notices, 10 enforcement notices, five variation notices and one notice requiring information, with which Sonae did not comply."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: chemical leaks and fires

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Kirkby Brook

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (HSE) Sonae Ind<unk>stria's

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: life

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: explosion

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: brook was classified as 'grossly polluted.'"

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: two

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: raw sewage.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: brook was classified as 'grossly polluted.'"

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The HSE closed the plant on eight occasions between 2001 and 2003.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: brook was classified as 'grossly polluted.'"

text: As a drinking water source, Lake Whatcom’s quality is in compliance for all tested chemicals, bacteria and turbidity. Bellingham is a participant in the Partnership for Safe Water and the City’s drinking water also meets the higher standards set by this group. For the past 10 years the City of Bellingham Public Works has received the Partnership for Safe Water’s Director Award for commitment to providing safe drinking water.

text: As a drinking water source, Lake Whatcom’s quality is in compliance for all tested chemicals, bacteria and turbidity. Bellingham is a participant in the Partnership for Safe Water and the City’s drinking water also meets the higher standards set by this group. For the past 10 years the City of Bellingham Public Works has received the Partnership for Safe Water’s Director Award for commitment to providing safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: turbidity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: salmonella

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Lake Whatcom’s

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Partnership for Safe Water’s Director Award for commitment to providing safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: chemicals,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Partnership for Safe Water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Partnership for Safe Water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Partnership for Safe Water’s Director Award for commitment to providing safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Partnership for Safe Water

text: Thermal energy is economical in areas of high industrial density, as the high demand cannot be met by renewable sources. The effect of localized pollution is also minimized as industries are usually located away from residential areas. These plants can also withstand variation in load and consumption by adding more units or temporarily decreasing the production of some units.Nuclear power plants can produce a huge amount of power from a single unit. However, recent disasters in Japan have raised concerns over the safety of nuclear power, and the capital cost of nuclear plants is very high.Hydroelectric power plants are located in areas where the potential energy from falling water can be harnessed for moving turbines and the generation of power. It is not an economically viable source of production where the load varies too much during the annual production cycle and the ability to store the flow of water is limited.

text: Thermal energy

text: is economical in areas of high industrial density, as the high demand cannot be met by renewable sources. The effect of localized pollution is also minimized as industries are usually located away from residential areas. These plants can also withstand variation in load and consumption by adding more units or temporarily decreasing the production of some units.Nuclear power plants can produce a huge amount of power from a single unit. However, recent disasters in Japan have raised concerns over the safety of nuclear power, and the capital cost of nuclear plants is very high.Hydroelectric power plants are located in areas where the potential energy from falling water can be harnessed for moving turbines and the generation of power. It is not an economically viable source of production where the load varies too much during the annual production cycle and the ability to store the flow of water is limited.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person ingests it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: high.Hydroelectric power plants

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: high.Hydroelectric power plants

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: renewable sources.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: localized pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: high.Hydroelectric power plants

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: high.Hydroelectric power plants

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: falling water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: high.Hydroelectric power plants

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: high.Hydroelectric power plants

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: industries are usually located away from residential areas.

text: Within the government the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) has the responsibility for policy in the water and sanitation sector. The economic regulator of water companies in England and Wales is the Water Services Regulation Authority, OFWAT. The Environment Agency is responsible for environmental regulation, and the Drinking Water Inspectorate for regulating drinking water quality. Drinking water standards and wastewater discharge standards in the U.K., as in other countries of the European Union, are determined by the EU (see EU water policy).

text: Within the government the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) has the responsibility for policy in the water and sanitation sector. The economic regulator of water companies in England and Wales is the Water Services Regulation Authority,

text: OFWAT

text: . The

text: Environment Agency

text: is responsible for environmental regulation, and the

text: Drinking Water Inspectorate

text: for regulating drinking water quality. Drinking water standards and wastewater discharge standards in the U.K., as in other countries of the

text: European Union

text: , are determined by the EU (see

text: EU water policy

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: wastewater discharge standards

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Within the government the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: European Union,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Food and Rural Affairs

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water and sanitation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: the Drinking Water Inspectorate for regulating drinking water quality.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: England and Wales

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Food and Rural Affairs

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: the Drinking Water Inspectorate for regulating drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Within the government the Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Drinking water standards and wastewater discharge standards in the U.K.,

text: This is true in the United States. The United States Congress has enacted federal statutes intended to address pollution control and remediation, including for example the Clean Air Act (air pollution), the Clean Water Act (water pollution), and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA, or Superfund) (contaminated site cleanup). There are also federal laws governing natural resources use and biodiversity which are strongly influenced by environmental principles, including the Endangered Species Act, National Forest Management Act, and Coastal Zone Management Act. The National Environmental Policy Act, governing environmental impact review in actions undertaken or approved by the U.S. federal government, may implicate all of these areas.

text: This is true in the United States. The

text: United States Congress

text: has enacted federal statutes intended to address pollution control and remediation, including for example the

text: Clean Air Act

text: air pollution

text: ), the

text: Clean Water Act

text: water pollution

text: ), and the

text: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

text: (CERCLA, or Superfund) (contaminated site cleanup). There are also federal laws governing natural resources use and biodiversity which are strongly influenced by environmental principles, including the

text: Endangered Species Act

text: National Forest Management Act

text: , and

text: Coastal Zone Management Act

text: . The

text: National Environmental Policy Act

text: , governing

text: environmental impact review

text: in actions undertaken or approved by the U.S. federal government, may implicate all of these areas.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated site cleanup

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Clean Air Act (air pollution), the Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution control and remediation,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: (contaminated site cleanup).

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Clean Air Act (air pollution), the Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: pollution control and remediation,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: United States.

text: Hydraulic fracturing was exempted from underground injection controls of the Safe Drinking Water Act.

text: Hydraulic fracturing was exempted from underground injection controls of the

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: fracturing is not regulated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Hydraulic fracturing

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

text: Waterborne diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms that most commonly are transmitted in contaminated fresh water. Infection commonly results during bathing, washing, drinking, in the preparation of food, or the consumption of food that is infected. Various forms of waterborne diarrheal disease probably are the most prominent examples, and affect mainly children in developing countries; according to the World Health Organization, such diseases account for an estimated 3.6% of the total DALY global burden of disease, and cause about 1.5 million human deaths annually. The World Health Organization estimates that 58% of that burden, or 842,000 deaths per year, is attributable to unsafe water supply, sanitation and hygiene.

text: Waterborne diseases are caused by

text: pathogenic

text: microorganisms

text: that most commonly are transmitted in contaminated fresh water. Infection commonly results during bathing, washing, drinking, in the preparation of food, or the consumption of food that is infected. Various forms of waterborne diarrheal disease probably are the most prominent examples, and affect mainly children in developing countries; according to the

text: World Health Organization

text: , such diseases account for an estimated 3.6% of the total

text: DALY

text: global burden of disease

text: , and cause about 1.5 million human deaths annually. The World Health Organization estimates that 58% of that burden, or 842,000 deaths per year, is attributable to unsafe water supply, sanitation and hygiene.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microorganisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated fresh water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.5 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrheal disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: infected

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 1.5

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 58%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microorganisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated fresh water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diarrheal disease

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.5 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrheal disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated fresh water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: unsafe water supply, sanitation and hygiene.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: contaminated fresh water.

text: On 7 February 1967, the destroyer departed Mayport on her way to her first and only deployment to the Vietnam war zone. Steaming via the Panama Canal and Hawaii, she arrived in Yokosuka, Japan, on 14 March. Four days later, she got underway for the coast of Vietnam. On her first tour in the Gulf of Tonkin, Allen M. Sumner served as "shotgun" (screening ship) for  while the nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser served on positive identification radar advisory zone duty in the gulf. She was relieved of that assignment on 5 April to participate in Operation Seadragon, the interdiction of communist waterborne logistics operations. That assignment lasted until 11 April, when she joined the screen of the aircraft carrier  for a voyage to Sasebo, Japan. She remained at Sasebo from 15 to 22 April before heading back to the Gulf of Tonkin again in company with Hancock. Upon her return to Vietnamese waters, Allen M. Sumner moved inshore with the Australian cruiser  to resume "Sea-dragon" duty and, later, to provide shore bombardment support for marines engaged in Operation Beau Charger, a combined waterborne and airborne amphibious assault conducted near the demilitarized zone late in May.

text: On 7 February 1967, the destroyer departed Mayport on her way to her first and only deployment to the

text: Vietnam

text: war zone. Steaming via the Panama Canal and Hawaii, she arrived in Yokosuka, Japan, on 14 March. Four days later, she got underway for the coast of Vietnam. On her first tour in the Gulf of Tonkin, Allen M. Sumner served as "shotgun" (screening ship) for  while the nuclear-powered

text: guided missile cruiser

text: served on positive identification radar advisory zone duty in the gulf. She was relieved of that assignment on 5 April to participate in

text: Operation Seadragon

text: , the interdiction of communist waterborne logistics operations. That assignment lasted until 11 April, when she joined the screen of the aircraft carrier  for a voyage to Sasebo, Japan. She remained at Sasebo from 15 to 22 April before heading back to the

text: Gulf of Tonkin

text: again in company with Hancock. Upon her return to Vietnamese waters, Allen M. Sumner moved inshore with the Australian cruiser  to resume "Sea-dragon" duty and, later, to provide shore bombardment support for marines engaged in

text: Operation Beau Charger

text: , a combined waterborne and airborne amphibious assault conducted near the demilitarized zone late in May.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: communist

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Operation Beau Charger

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: On 7 February 1967,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Australian

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: (screening

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Vietnam war zone.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Vietnam war zone.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Gulf of Tonkin,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Vietnam war zone.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Vietnam war zone.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Operation Seadragon,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Vietnam war zone.

text: Successful agriculture is dependent upon farmers having sufficient access to water. However, water scarcity is already a critical constraint to farming in many parts of the world. Physical water scarcity is where there is not enough water to meet all demands, including that needed for ecosystems to function effectively. Arid regions frequently suffer from physical water scarcity. It also occurs where water seems abundant but where resources are over-committed. This can happen where there is over development of hydraulic infrastructure, usually for irrigation. Symptoms of physical water scarcity include environmental degradation and declining groundwater. Economic scarcity, meanwhile, is caused by a lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity to satisfy the demand for water. Symptoms of economic water scarcity include a lack of infrastructure, with people often having to fetch water from rivers for domestic and agricultural uses. Some 2.8 billion people currently live in water-scarce areas.

text: Successful agriculture is dependent upon farmers having sufficient access to water. However, water scarcity is already a critical constraint to farming in many parts of the world.

text: Physical water scarcity

text: is where there is not enough water to meet all demands, including that needed for ecosystems to function effectively. Arid regions frequently suffer from physical water scarcity. It also occurs where water seems abundant but where resources are over-committed. This can happen where there is over development of hydraulic infrastructure, usually for irrigation. Symptoms of physical water scarcity include environmental degradation and declining

text: groundwater

text: . Economic scarcity, meanwhile, is caused by a lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity to satisfy the demand for water. Symptoms of

text: economic water scarcity

text: include a lack of infrastructure, with people often having to fetch water from rivers for domestic and agricultural uses. Some 2.8 billion people currently live in water-scarce areas.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2.8 billion people currently live in water-scarce areas.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: over development of hydraulic infrastructure,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: environmental degradation and declining groundwater.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Successful agriculture is dependent upon farmers having sufficient access to water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water scarcity

text: Water rockets employ considerable amounts of energy and can be dangerous if handled improperly or in cases of faulty construction or material failure. Certain safety procedures are observed by experienced water rocket enthusiasts:

text: Water rockets employ considerable amounts of energy and can be dangerous if handled improperly or in cases of faulty construction or material failure. Certain safety procedures are observed by experienced water rocket enthusiasts:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water rockets employ considerable amounts of energy

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water rockets

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water rockets

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: dangerous

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: if handled improperly or in cases of faulty construction or material failure.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water rockets

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Water rockets employ considerable amounts of energy

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water rockets

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water rockets

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water rockets

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water rockets

text: The biggest obstacle to the widespread adoption of WQT markets is lack of supply and demand. In fact, studies of current water quality trading programs indicate that the typical problems associated with inhibition of water quality trading, such as high transaction costs, poor institutional infrastructure, and uncertain criteria, are being overcome. The main problem is that, under existing regulatory conditions, there are simply not enough willing buyers and sellers. Currently, most nonpoint sources of water pollution are unregulated or, assuming detection occurs, have relatively small consequences for violations. Consequently, nonpoint sources do not have incentive to participate in WQT. For WQT markets to be successful, greater demand is needed for pollution credits. For this to happen, water quality standards need to be clear and enforceable.

text: The biggest obstacle to the widespread adoption of WQT markets is lack of

text: supply and demand

text: . In fact, studies of current water quality trading programs indicate that the typical problems associated with inhibition of water quality trading, such as high

text: transaction costs

text: , poor institutional infrastructure, and uncertain criteria, are being overcome. The main problem is that, under existing regulatory conditions, there are simply not enough willing buyers and sellers. Currently, most nonpoint sources of water pollution are unregulated or, assuming detection occurs, have relatively small consequences for violations. Consequently, nonpoint sources do not have incentive to participate in WQT. For WQT markets to be successful, greater demand is needed for pollution credits. For this to happen, water quality standards need to be clear and enforceable.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: nonpoint sources

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution is unregulated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: most nonpoint sources

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: nonpoint sources

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: detection

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water quality standards need to be clear and enforceable.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: nonpoint sources of water pollution

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: nonpoint sources

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: most nonpoint sources of water pollution are unregulated

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: high transaction costs,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: most nonpoint sources of water pollution are unregulated

text: Air pollution (sulfur dioxide particulates) from reliance on coal is a major issue, along with water pollution from untreated wastes and use of debated standards of pollutant concentration rather than Total Maximum Daily Load. There are water shortages, particularly in the north. The eastern part of China often experiences smoke and dense fog in the atmosphere as a result of industrial pollution. Heavy deforestation with an estimated loss of one-fifth of agricultural land since 1949 to soil erosion and economic development is occurring with resulting desertification. China is a party to the Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, the Antarctic Treaty, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Climate Change treaty, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, the Endangered Species treaty, the Hazardous Wastes treaty, the Law of the Sea, the International Tropical Timber Agreements of 1983 and 1994, the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling, and agreements on Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, and Wetlands protection. China has signed, but not ratified the Kyoto Protocol (but is not yet required to reduce its carbon emission under the agreement, as is India), and the Nuclear Test Ban treaty.

text: Air pollution

text: sulfur dioxide

text: particulates) from reliance on

text: coal

text: is a major issue, along with

text: water pollution

text: from untreated wastes and use of debated standards of pollutant concentration rather than

text: Total Maximum Daily Load

text: . There are water shortages, particularly in the north. The eastern part of China often experiences smoke and dense fog in the atmosphere as a result of industrial pollution. Heavy

text: deforestation

text: with an estimated loss of one-fifth of agricultural land since 1949 to

text: soil erosion

text: and economic development is occurring with resulting

text: desertification

text: . China is a party to the

text: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol

text: , the

text: Antarctic Treaty

text: , the

text: Convention on Biological Diversity

text: , the

text: Climate Change

text: treaty, the

entity_name: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification

text: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification

text: , the

text: Endangered Species

text: treaty, the Hazardous Wastes treaty, the

text: Law of the Sea

text: , the International Tropical Timber Agreements of

entity_name: International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983

text: and

entity_name: International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994

text: , the

entity_name: International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling

text: International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling

text: , and agreements on Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection,

text: Ship Pollution

text: , and Wetlands protection. China has signed, but not ratified the

text: Kyoto Protocol

text: (but is not yet required to reduce its carbon emission under the agreement, as is India), and the

text: Nuclear Test Ban

text: treaty.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: ten percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated wastes

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: untreated wastes

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water shortages,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water shortages,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Biological Diversity,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated wastes

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: untreated wastes

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Whaling,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: untreated wastes

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water pollution from untreated wastes

text: The Waterborne Disease and Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS) is a national surveillance system maintained by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The WBDOSS receives data about waterborne disease outbreaks and single cases of waterborne diseases of public health importance (for example, Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)) in the United States and then disseminates information about these diseases, outbreaks, and their causes. WBDOSS was initiated in 1971 by CDC, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE), and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Data are reported by public health departments in individual states, territories, and the Freely Associated States (composed of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of Palau; formerly parts of the U.S.-administered Trust Territories of the Pacific Islands).  Although initially designed to collect data about drinking water outbreaks in the United States, WBDOSS now includes outbreaks associated with recreational water,  as well as outbreaks associated with water that is not intended for drinking (non-recreational) and water for which the intended use is unknown.

text: The Waterborne Disease and Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS) is a national surveillance system maintained by the U.S.

text: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

text: . The WBDOSS receives data about

entity_section: Definition of a Waterborne Disease Outbreak

text: waterborne disease outbreaks

text: and single cases of waterborne diseases of public health importance (for example,

text: Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)

text: ) in the United States and then disseminates information about these diseases, outbreaks, and their causes. WBDOSS was initiated in 1971 by CDC, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE), and the

text: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

text: . Data are reported by public health departments in individual states, territories, and the Freely Associated States (composed of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of Palau; formerly parts of the U.S.-administered Trust Territories of the Pacific Islands).  Although initially designed to collect data about drinking water outbreaks in the United States, WBDOSS now includes outbreaks associated with recreational water,  as well as outbreaks associated with water that is not intended for drinking (non-recreational) and water for which the intended use is unknown.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Amebic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Amebic Meningoencephalitis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: states, territories, and the Freely Associated States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: intended use is unknown.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: waterborne disease outbreaks and single cases of waterborne diseases

text: A 14 August 2013 Bangkok Post article said that "mercury levels found in sea water off Ao Phrao beach on Koh Samet were 29 times higher than safety standards allow, according to the Pollution Control Department. Furthermore "Niphon Phungsuwan, a marine expert from the Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, said more than 70% of coral at Ao Phrao had been bleached."

text: A 14 August 2013 Bangkok Post article said that "

text: mercury

text: levels found in sea water off Ao Phrao beach on Koh Samet were 29 times higher than safety standards allow, according to the Pollution Control Department. Furthermore "Niphon Phungsuwan, a marine expert from the Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, said more than 70% of coral at Ao Phrao had been bleached."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: "mercury

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 70%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: "mercury levels found in sea water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: bleached."

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "mercury

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 70%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: "mercury

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 29 times higher than safety standards allow, according to the Pollution Control Department.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 29 times higher than safety standards allow, according to the Pollution Control Department.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 29 times higher than safety standards

text: In West Bengal, India, water is mostly supplied from rivers. Groundwater comes from deep tubewells, which are few in number. Because of the low quantity of deep tubewells, the risk of arsenic poisoning in West Bengal is comparatively less. According to the World Health Organisation, "In Bangladesh, West Bengal (India), and some other areas most drinking-water used to be collected from open dug wells and ponds with little or no arsenic, but with contaminated water transmitting diseases such as diarrhoea, dysentery, typhoid, cholera, and hepatitis. Programmes to provide 'safe' drinking-water over the past 30 years have helped to control these diseases, but in some areas they have had the unexpected side-effect of exposing the population to another health problem—arsenic."The acceptable level as defined by WHO for maximum concentrations of arsenic in safe drinking water is 0.01 mg/L. The Bangladesh government's standard is a fivefold greater rate, with 0.05 mg/L being considered safe. WHO has defined the areas under threat: Seven of the nineteen districts of West Bengal have been reported to have ground water arsenic concentrations above 0.05 mg/L. The total population in these seven districts is over 34 million while the number using arsenic-rich water is more than 1 million (above 0.05 mg/L). That number increases to 1.3 million when the concentration is above 0.01 mg/L. According to a British Geological Survey study in 1998 on shallow tube-wells in 61 of the 64 districts in Bangladesh, 46 percent of the samples were above 0.01 mg/L and 27 percent were above 0.050 mg/L. When combined with the estimated 1999 population, it was estimated that the number of people exposed to arsenic concentrations above 0.05 mg/L is 28-35 million and the number of those exposed to more than 0.01 mg/L is 46-57 million (BGS, 2000).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than one

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 57

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: typhoid

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: West Bengal

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 28-35 million

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: transmitting diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: arsenic

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0.01 mg/L is 46-57 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: typhoid, cholera,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1.3 million when the concentration is above 0.01 mg/L.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Programmes to provide'safe' drinking-water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: arsenic concentrations above 0.05 mg/L.

text: Water supply and wastewater collection in Salé was  irregular, with poorer and illegal housing units suffering the highest costs and most acute scarcities. Much of the city used to rely upon communal standpipes, which were often shut down, depriving some neighbourhoods of safe drinking water for indefinite periods of time. Nevertheless, Salé fared better than inland Moroccan locations, where water scarcity was even more acute. Improvements from the government, local businesses and the water distribution companies of Regie de distribution d'Eau & d'Electricite de Rabat-Salé (REDAL)  have meant that this situation has improved drastically.

text: Water supply

text: and

text: wastewater

text: collection in Salé was  irregular, with poorer and illegal housing units suffering the highest costs and most acute scarcities. Much of the city used to rely upon communal

text: standpipes

text: , which were often shut down, depriving some neighbourhoods of safe

text: drinking water

text: for indefinite periods of time. Nevertheless, Salé fared better than inland Moroccan locations, where water scarcity was even more acute. Improvements from the government, local businesses and the water distribution companies of Regie de distribution d'Eau & d'Electricite de Rabat-Salé (REDAL)  have meant that this situation has improved drastically.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is not safe

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: standpipes

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water supply and wastewater collection in Salé

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water supply and wastewater collection in Salé

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: wastewater

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: depriving some neighbourhoods of safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Much of the city used to rely upon communal standpipes,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: inland Moroccan

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: standpipes,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water supply and wastewater collection in Salé

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Improvements

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe drinking water

text: Clean and safe drinking water is what we commonly think of to solve a community’s disease problem. In reality, if we were able to provide clean and safe drinking water to every person on earth, the global water-borne disease burden would only be reduced by 21%. The same decrease would happen if every person on earth had access to a basic toilet facility. The power of clean and safe water is truly unleashed when it is combined with adequate sanitation and hygiene practices.

text: Clean and safe drinking water is what we commonly think of to solve a community’s disease problem. In reality, if we were able to provide clean and safe drinking water to every person on earth, the global water-borne disease burden would only be reduced by 21%. The same decrease would happen if every person on earth had access to a basic toilet facility. The power of clean and safe water is truly unleashed when it is combined with adequate sanitation and hygiene practices.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 21%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water-borne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water-borne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Clean and safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 21%.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water-borne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: adequate sanitation and hygiene practices.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: the global water-borne disease burden would only be reduced by 21%.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 21%.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: toilet facility.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Clean and safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 21%.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Clean and safe drinking water

text: Water scarcity can result from two mechanisms:

text: Water scarcity can result from two mechanisms:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: dehydration

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: irradiation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: two mechanisms:

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: two mechanisms:

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: two mechanisms:

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: two mechanisms:

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: two mechanisms:

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: two mechanisms:

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water scarcity

text: The state argued that the ordinance was strictly one out of concern for safety, as laundries of the day often needed very hot stoves to boil water for laundry, and indeed laundry fires were not unknown and often resulted in the destruction of adjoining buildings as well.

text: The state argued that the ordinance was strictly one out of concern for safety, as laundries of the day often needed very hot stoves to boil water for laundry, and indeed laundry fires were not unknown and often resulted in the destruction of adjoining buildings as well.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: fires are a common occurrence

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The state argued that the ordinance was strictly one out of concern for safety,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: laundries of the day often needed very hot stoves

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safety, as laundries of the day often needed very hot stoves

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: hot stoves

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: laundry fires

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: laundries of the day often needed very hot stoves

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: laundry fires

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: laundry fires

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: laundries of the day often needed very hot stoves

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: laundries of the day often needed very hot stoves

text: The Australian Water Safety Council acts as a consultative forum comprising the major water safety and related government agencies and focuses on the presentation of key water safety issues to governments, industry and the community.

text: The Australian Water Safety Council acts as a consultative forum comprising the major water safety and related government agencies and focuses on the presentation of key water safety issues to governments, industry and the community.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Australian Water Safety Council

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Australian Water Safety Council

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water safety and related government agencies

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water safety and related government agencies

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Australian Water Safety Council

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Australian Water Safety Council

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The Australian Water Safety Council

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Australian Water Safety Council

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Australian Water Safety Council

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Australian Water Safety Council

text: In 2006 during the major flood in Mumbai, Poisar river had flooded, and water had overflown the banks into a building compound, contaminating a Water Tank. Those living in the surroundings had undergone great distress following an outbreak of various waterborne diseases.

text: In 2006 during the major flood in

text: Mumbai

text: , Poisar river had flooded, and water had overflown the banks into a building compound, contaminating a Water Tank. Those living in the surroundings had undergone great distress following an outbreak of various waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Poisar river

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2006

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Mumbai,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminating a Water Tank.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: waterborne diseases.

text: Polyisobutylene can be reacted with maleic anhydride to make polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride (PIBSA), which can then be converted into polyisobutenylsuccinimides (PIBSI's)by reacting it with various amines. These derivatives have interesting properties when used as an additive in lubricating oils and motor fuels. Polyisobutylene added in small amounts to the lubricating oils used in machining results in a significant reduction in the generation of oil mist and thus reduces the operator's inhalation of oil mist. It is also used to clean up waterborne oil spills as part of the commercial product Elastol. When added to crude oil it increases the oil's viscoelasticity when pulled, causing the oil to resist breakup when it is vacuumed from the surface of the water.

text: Polyisobutylene can be reacted with

text: maleic anhydride

text: to make

text: polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride

text: (PIBSA), which can then be converted into

text: polyisobutenylsuccinimides

text: (PIBSI's)by reacting it with various

text: amines

text: . These derivatives have interesting properties when used as an additive in

text: lubricating oil

text: s and motor fuels. Polyisobutylene added in small amounts to the lubricating oils used in

text: machining

text: results in a significant reduction in the generation of oil mist and thus reduces the operator's inhalation of

text: oil mist

text: . It is also used to clean up waterborne

text: oil spill

text: s as part of the commercial product

text: Elastol

text: . When added to

text: crude oil

text: it increases the oil's

text: viscoelasticity

text: when pulled, causing the oil to resist breakup when it is vacuumed from the surface of the water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: maleic anhydride

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: maleic anhydride

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: maleic anhydride

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oil mist.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Elastol.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: maleic anhydride

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: oil spills

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: oil spills

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride

text: However, the sector still faces major challenges. The quality of the services is poor, as evidenced by intermittent water supply in urban areas and limited wastewater treatment. Poor drinking water quality and sanitation lead to major outbreaks of waterborne diseases. major outbreaks of waterborne diseases swept the cities of Faisalabad, Karachi, Lahore and Peshawar in 2006. Estimates indicate that each year, more than three million Pakistanis become infected with waterborne diseases. In addition, many service providers do not even cover the costs of operation and maintenance due to low tariffs and poor efficiency. Consequently, the service providers strongly depend on government subsidies and external funding. A National Sanitation Policy and a National Drinking Water Policy have been approved in 2006 and 2009 respectively with the objective to improve water and sanitation coverage and quality. However, the level of annual investment (US$4/capita) still remains much below what would be necessary to achieve a significant increase in access and service quality.

text: However, the sector still faces major challenges. The quality of the services is poor, as evidenced by intermittent water supply in urban areas and limited

text: wastewater treatment

text: . Poor drinking water quality and sanitation lead to major outbreaks of

text: waterborne diseases

text: . major outbreaks of waterborne diseases swept the cities of

text: Faisalabad

text: Karachi

text: Lahore

text: and

text: Peshawar

text: in 2006. Estimates indicate that each year, more than three million Pakistanis become infected with waterborne diseases. In addition, many service providers do not even cover the costs of operation and maintenance due to low tariffs and poor efficiency. Consequently, the service providers strongly depend on government subsidies and external funding. A National Sanitation Policy and a National Drinking Water Policy have been approved in 2006 and 2009 respectively with the objective to improve water and sanitation coverage and quality. However, the level of annual investment (US$4/capita) still remains much below what would be necessary to achieve a significant increase in access and service quality.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 4%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: three million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: major outbreaks of waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: three million Pakistanis become infected with waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (US$4/capita)

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Poor drinking water quality and sanitation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Poor drinking water quality and sanitation lead to major outbreaks of waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: three million Pakistanis

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Faisalabad,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Poor drinking water quality and sanitation lead to major outbreaks of waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: the level of annual investment (US$4/capita)

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Poor drinking water quality and sanitation lead to major outbreaks of waterborne diseases.

text: The drilling and production of oil and gas can pose a safety risk and a hazard to the environment from the ignition of the entrained gas causing dangerous fires and also from the risk of oil leakage polluting water, land and groundwater. For these reasons, redundant safety systems and highly trained personnel are required by law in all countries with significant production.

text: The drilling and production of oil and gas can pose a

text: safety

text: risk and a hazard to the

text: environment

text: from the ignition of the entrained gas causing dangerous fires and also from the risk of oil leakage polluting water, land and groundwater. For these reasons, redundant safety systems and highly trained personnel are required by law in all countries with significant production.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oil leakage polluting

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: oil leakage polluting water, land and groundwater.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: all countries

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: hazard to the environment

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: ignition of the entrained gas

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: oil leakage polluting water, land and groundwater.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water, land and groundwater.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: oil leakage polluting water,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: ignition of the entrained gas causing dangerous fires

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: oil leakage polluting water, land and groundwater.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: redundant safety systems and highly trained personnel

text: The process of the EDCs entering the water source all begins with a source. Whether it comes from an industrial plant, pharmaceutical, or human source, it eventually finds its way to a larger water source, usually in the form of a waste product. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has documented the amount of pharmaceuticals released into the environment from manufacturing plants, however, this documentation is not as prevalent on a household level. There are some on-going efforts to attempt to minimize this pollution. For example, 80 percent of pharmacies in Clark County, Washington have contributed to efforts emphasizing the safe disposal of noncontrolled drugs. Attempts to control water pollution are gaining support as pollution gradually becomes more visible. However, these efforts are still in the process of being implemented on a large scale. The polluted water is then sent to a number of places.

text: The process of the EDCs entering the water source all begins with a source. Whether it comes from an

text: industrial plant

text: , pharmaceutical, or human source, it eventually finds its way to a larger water source, usually in the form of a waste product. The

text: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

text: has documented the amount of pharmaceuticals released into the environment from manufacturing plants, however, this documentation is not as prevalent on a household level. There are some on-going efforts to attempt to minimize this pollution. For example, 80 percent of

text: pharmacies

text: in

text: Clark County, Washington

text: have contributed to efforts emphasizing the safe disposal of noncontrolled drugs. Attempts to control water pollution are gaining support as pollution gradually becomes more visible. However, these efforts are still in the process of being implemented on a large scale. The polluted water is then sent to a number of places.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than one

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: human

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: human source

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: EDCs

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The polluted water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: EDCs

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: in the form of a waste product.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: industrial plant, pharmaceutical, or human source,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 80 percent

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pharmaceutical, or human source,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Whether it comes from an industrial plant, pharmaceutical, or human source,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: these efforts are still in the process of being implemented on a large scale.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: it eventually finds its way to a larger water source,

text: The challenge of defining an acceptable level of perchlorate in drinking water sets two opposing groups with significantly different views against each other. In a draft risk assessment made in 2002 EPA suggested that levels higher than 1 part per billion (ppb) pose a health risk. In contrast, the Defense Department contended that perchlorate at 200 ppb has no lasting effect on humans. Perchlorate is one of only four (4) of the seventy (70) chemicals for which EPA has set public health goals that have a safety factor of 10, rather than the usual safety factors of 100 or 1000. In October 2008 EPA refused to set a drinking water safety standard for perchlorate, saying that "in more than 99 percent of public drinking water systems, perchlorate was not at levels of public health concern" using a benchmark of 15 ppb. EPA encouraged states to set their own standards in accordance to local conditions. In 2004 eight states had non-binding advisories for perchlorate in drinking water, ranging from 1 to 18 ppb. Only two states—Massachusetts and California—set legally binding maximum contaminant levels on the allowable amount of perchlorate in drinking water, at 2 ppb and 6 ppb respectively.

text: The challenge of defining an acceptable level of perchlorate in drinking water sets two opposing groups with significantly different views against each other. In a draft risk assessment made in 2002 EPA suggested that levels higher than 1 part per billion (ppb) pose a health risk. In contrast, the

text: Defense Department

text: contended that perchlorate at 200 ppb has no lasting effect on humans. Perchlorate is one of only four (4) of the seventy (70) chemicals for which EPA has set public health goals that have a safety factor of 10, rather than the usual safety factors of 100 or 1000. In October 2008 EPA refused to set a drinking water safety standard for perchlorate, saying that "in more than 99 percent of public drinking water systems, perchlorate was not at levels of public health concern" using a benchmark of 15 ppb. EPA encouraged states to set their own standards in accordance to local conditions. In 2004 eight states had non-binding advisories for perchlorate in drinking water, ranging from 1 to 18 ppb. Only two states—Massachusetts and California—set legally binding maximum contaminant levels on the allowable amount of perchlorate in drinking water, at 2 ppb and 6 ppb respectively.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: perchlorate in drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: perchlorate

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The challenge of defining an acceptable level of perchlorate

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: perchlorate in drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: perchlorate

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1 part per billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: perchlorate

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: perchlorate in drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 10,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: perchlorate at 200 ppb has no lasting effect on humans.

text: The issue of safe drinking water is one that affects 355,000 Solomon Islanders, although fresh water is available year round in some places, the islands often suffer from severe water shortage. Water-borne disease and lack of proper sanitation is a major risk and concerned locals have commented that sickness caused from unsafe drinking water was preventing children from attending school. Around half of primary schools have access to safe drinking water. Article 15 ICESCR sets out the criteria for the full enjoyment of the right to water including availability, quality and accessibility.

text: The issue of safe drinking water is one that affects 355,000 Solomon Islanders, although fresh water is available year round in some places, the islands often suffer from severe water shortage. Water-borne disease and lack of proper sanitation is a major risk and concerned locals have commented that sickness caused from unsafe drinking water was preventing children from attending school. Around half of primary schools have access to safe drinking water. Article 15

entity_name: International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

text: ICESCR

text: sets out the criteria for the full enjoyment of the right to water including availability, quality and accessibility.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: around half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water-borne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of proper sanitation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 355,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: preventing children from attending school

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The issue of safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water-borne disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of proper sanitation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water-borne disease

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 355,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sickness caused from unsafe drinking water was preventing children from attending school.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water-borne disease

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water-borne disease and lack of proper sanitation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Around half of primary schools have access to safe drinking water.

text: Distribution of relief supplies began on July 7. Isolated communities across Saint Andrew, Saint Thomas, and Portland Parishes received airlifted aid the following day. Residents in Cascade required evacuation by airlift and Mill Bank was declared a disaster area. A previously defunct railway bridge—the  St. Margaret's Bay bridge—in Portland Parish, not in use since the 1980s, was repaired at a cost of J$26 million (US$421,000) and re-opened on July 30 to enable travel after the Rio Grande bridge was damaged. Residents in the parish were also advised to temporarily boil or bleach water to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases due to contaminated supplies. The Salvation Army assisted with relief efforts. Efforts to repair and restore damaged roadways reached J$405 million (US$6.56 million). The Leader of the Opposition party requested the Jamaican government release J$500 million (US$8.1 million) for immediate relief; however, Prime Minister P. J. Patterson rejected the proposal. Joseph Hibbert further criticized the government for inadequately maintaining roads, citing a lack of maintenance contracts which is how such work is carried out in the nation. Although the Government of Jamaica indicated it would not request international assistance, the Government of Cuba provided 11 tons of supplies and Venezuela offered support.

text: Distribution of relief supplies began on July 7. Isolated communities across Saint Andrew, Saint Thomas, and Portland Parishes received airlifted aid the following day. Residents in

text: Cascade

text: required evacuation by airlift and Mill Bank was declared a

text: disaster area

text: . A previously defunct railway bridge—the  St. Margaret's Bay bridge—in Portland Parish, not in use since the 1980s, was repaired at a cost of J$26 million (US$421,000) and re-opened on July 30 to enable travel after the Rio Grande bridge was damaged. Residents in the parish were also advised to temporarily boil or bleach water to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases due to contaminated supplies. The

text: Salvation Army

text: assisted with relief efforts. Efforts to repair and restore damaged roadways reached J$405 million (US$6.56 million). The

text: Leader of the Opposition

text: party requested the Jamaican government release J$500 million (US$8.1 million) for immediate relief; however, Prime Minister

text: P. J. Patterson

text: rejected the proposal.

text: Joseph Hibbert

text: further criticized the government for inadequately maintaining roads, citing a lack of maintenance contracts which is how such work is carried out in the nation. Although the Government of Jamaica indicated it would not request international assistance, the

text: Government of Cuba

text: provided 11 tons of supplies and Venezuela offered support.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Jamaican

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminated supplies

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Rio Grande

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 7.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated supplies.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated supplies.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 7.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminated supplies.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: boil or bleach water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: boil or bleach water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: boil or bleach water

text: During the Society of Environmental Journalists' 2008 annual meeting, the group was given a tour of Edwards's lab.  He told them that the number one cause of waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States is pathogens growing in home water heaters. Energy-conscious households may set their water heater's thermostat to , but that temperature encourages the growth of microbes such as mycobacteria. A setting of  would kill such organisms.  Edwards says that infections from inhaling steam from contaminated water in the shower, or contact with contaminated water in a hot tub, kill an estimated 3,000 to 12,000 Americans each year.

text: During the

text: Society of Environmental Journalists

text: ' 2008 annual meeting, the group was given a tour of Edwards's lab.  He told them that the number one cause of waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States is pathogens growing in home water heaters. Energy-conscious households may set their water heater's thermostat to , but that temperature encourages the growth of microbes such as

text: mycobacteria

text: . A setting of  would kill such organisms.  Edwards says that infections from inhaling steam from contaminated water in the shower, or contact with contaminated water in a hot tub, kill an estimated 3,000 to 12,000 Americans each year.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water heaters are too hot

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 3,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: inhaling steam from contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: During the Society of Environmental Journalists'

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 3,000

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: temperature encourages the growth

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: the number one cause of waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 3,000 to 12,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: inhaling steam from contaminated water in the shower,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: inhaling steam from contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: A setting of would kill such organisms.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: the number one cause of waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States

text: As of 2003 the Office of Boating Safety and the Navigable Waters Protection Program were transferred back to Transport Canada. As was certain regulatory aspects of Emergency Response (Oil pollution)

text: As of 2003 the

text: Office of Boating Safety

text: and the Navigable Waters Protection Program were transferred back to Transport Canada. As was certain regulatory aspects of Emergency Response (Oil pollution)

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oil pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Navigable Waters

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2003

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Navigable Waters

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Emergency Response

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Navigable Waters Protection Program were transferred back to Transport Canada.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Navigable Waters Protection Program were transferred back to Transport Canada.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: (Oil pollution)

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Navigable Waters Protection Program were transferred back to Transport Canada.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Navigable Waters Protection Program were transferred back to Transport Canada.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Navigable Waters Protection Program were transferred back to Transport Canada.

text: There have been no major outbreaks of illness or serious safety concerns associated with bottled water in the past decade, an FDA official stated in testimony before a July 9, 2009 Congressional hearing. Conversely, as noted in the Drinking Water Research Foundation's (DWRF) 2013 report, "Microbial Health Risks of Regulated Drinking Waters in the United States," EPA researchers reported an estimated 16.4 million cases of acute gastrointestinal illness per year are caused by tap water. Subsequent research has estimated that number of illnesses to be closer to 19.5 million cases per year. In addition, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that waterborne diseases, such as Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis, cost the U.S. healthcare system as much as $539 million a year in hospital expenses.

text: There have been no major outbreaks of illness or serious safety concerns associated with bottled water in the past decade, an FDA official stated in testimony before a July 9, 2009 Congressional hearing. Conversely, as noted in the Drinking Water Research Foundation's (DWRF) 2013 report, "Microbial Health Risks of Regulated Drinking Waters in the United States," EPA researchers reported an estimated 16.4 million cases of acute gastrointestinal illness per year are caused by tap water. Subsequent research has estimated that number of illnesses to be closer to 19.5 million cases per year. In addition, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that waterborne diseases, such as Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis, cost the U.S. healthcare system as much as $539 million a year in hospital expenses.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 539

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Cryptosporidiosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: bottled water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: bottled water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: $539 million a year in hospital expenses.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: bottled water

text: Earlier in the Middle East, the Caliph Abu Bakr in the 630s commanded his army to "Bring no harm to the trees, nor burn them with fire," and "Slay not any of the enemy's flock, save for your food." Arabic medical treatises during the 9th to 13th centuries dealing with environmentalism and environmental science, including pollution, were written by Al-Kindi, Qusta ibn Luqa, Al-Razi, Ibn Al-Jazzar, al-Tamimi, al-Masihi, Avicenna, Ali ibn Ridwan, Ibn Jumay, Isaac Israeli ben Solomon, Abd-el-latif, Ibn al-Quff, and Ibn al-Nafis. Their works covered a number of subjects related to pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination, municipal solid waste mishandling, and environmental impact assessments of certain localities.

text: Earlier in the

text: Middle East

text: , the

text: Caliph

text: Abu Bakr

text: in the 630s commanded his army to "Bring no harm to the trees, nor burn them with fire," and "Slay not any of the enemy's flock, save for your food."

text: Arabic medical

text: treatises during the 9th to 13th centuries dealing with environmentalism and

text: environmental science

text: , including pollution, were written by

text: Al-Kindi

text: Qusta ibn Luqa

text: Al-Razi

text: Ibn Al-Jazzar

text: al-Tamimi

text: al-Masihi

text: Avicenna

text: Ali ibn Ridwan

text: Ibn Jumay

text: Isaac Israeli ben Solomon

entity_name: Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi (medieval writer)

text: Abd-el-latif

text: , Ibn al-Quff, and

text: Ibn al-Nafis

text: . Their works covered a number of subjects related to pollution, such as air pollution,

text: water pollution

text: soil contamination

text: municipal solid waste

text: mishandling, and

text: environmental impact assessment

text: s of certain localities.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Earlier in the Middle East, the Caliph Abu Bakr

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: soil contamination,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: air pollution, water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Ali ibn Ridwan,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Al-Kindi, Qusta ibn Luqa,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination, municipal solid waste mishandling,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Arabic medical treatises

text: A clean water supply - in particular water that is not polluted with fecal matter from lack of sanitation - is the single most important determinant of public health. Destruction of water supply and/or sanitation infrastructure after major catastrophes (earthquakes, floods, war, etc.) poses the immediate threat of severe epidemics of waterborne diseases, several of which can be life-threatening.

text: A clean water supply - in particular water that is not polluted with

text: fecal

text: matter from lack of

text: sanitation

text: - is the single most important determinant of

text: public health

text: . Destruction of water supply and/or sanitation infrastructure after major catastrophes (earthquakes, floods, war, etc.) poses the immediate threat of severe epidemics of

text: waterborne diseases

text: , several of which can be life-threatening.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: destruction of water supply

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fecal matter

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: A clean water supply

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: A clean water supply

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Destruction of water supply and/or sanitation infrastructure after major catastrophes

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: life-threatening.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: life-threatening.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: A clean water supply

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Destruction of water supply and/or sanitation infrastructure

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Destruction of water supply and/or sanitation infrastructure after major catastrophes

text: The pollution often comes from non point sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.

text: The pollution often comes from

text: non point source

text: s such as agricultural

text: runoff

text: , wind-blown debris and dust.

text: Nutrient pollution

text: , a form of

text: water pollution

text: , refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of

text: eutrophication

text: of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually

text: nitrogen

text: or

text: phosphorus

text: , stimulate algae growth.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: non point sources

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: nutrient pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The pollution often comes from non point sources such as agricultural runoff,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: nutrients.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Nutrient pollution,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Nutrient pollution,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Nutrient pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Nutrient pollution,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Nutrient pollution,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Nutrient pollution,

text: Air pollutant concentrations, as measured or as calculated by air pollution dispersion modeling, must often be converted or  corrected to be expressed as required by the regulations issued by various governmental agencies. Regulations that define and limit the concentration of pollutants in the ambient air or in gaseous emissions to the ambient air are issued by various national and state (or provincial) environmental protection and occupational health and safety agencies.

text: Air pollutant concentrations, as measured or as calculated by

text: air pollution dispersion modeling

text: , must often be converted or  corrected to be expressed as required by the regulations issued by various governmental agencies. Regulations that define and limit the

text: concentration

text: of

text: pollutant

text: s in the ambient air or in gaseous

text: emission

text: s to the ambient air are issued by various national and state (or provincial)

text: environmental protection

text: and

entity_name: Occupational Safety and Health Administration

text: occupational health and safety

text: agencies.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Air pollutant concentrations,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: national

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Air pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: concentration of pollutants

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Air pollutant concentrations,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Air pollutant

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Air pollutant

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Air pollutant concentrations,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Air pollutant concentrations,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Air pollutant concentrations,

text: Between 2011 and 2016, World Vision Canada provided over 5.5 million people with safe drinking water.

text: Between 2011 and 2016, World Vision Canada provided over 5.5 million people with safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 5%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 5,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: World Vision Canada provided over 5.5 million people with safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 5.5 million

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: World Vision Canada provided over 5.5 million people with safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 5.5 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Between 2011 and 2016, World Vision Canada

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: World Vision Canada provided over 5.5 million people with safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: World Vision Canada provided over 5.5 million people with safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: World Vision Canada provided over 5.5 million people with safe drinking water.

text: The input of pollutants into a water body may impact the water's ability to deliver ecological, recreational, educational, and economic services. While the impacts of water pollution vary considerably based on a variety of site-specific factors, they may be either direct or indirect. Pollutants that are directly toxic pose a threat to organisms that may come into contact with contaminated water. These include persistent organic pollutants used as pesticides and toxic byproducts of industrial activity (such as cyanide). Other pollutants may indirectly impact ecosystem services by causing a change in water conditions that allows for a harmful activity to take place. This includes sediment (loose soil) inputs that decrease the amount of light that can penetrate through the water, reducing plant growth and diminishing oxygen availability for other aquatic organisms.

text: The input of pollutants into a water body may impact the water's ability to deliver ecological, recreational, educational, and economic services. While the impacts of water pollution vary considerably based on a variety of site-specific factors, they may be either direct or indirect. Pollutants that are directly

text: toxic

text: pose a threat to organisms that may come into contact with contaminated water. These include persistent organic pollutants used as

text: pesticide

text: s and toxic byproducts of industrial activity (such as

text: cyanide

text: ). Other pollutants may indirectly impact ecosystem services by causing a change in water conditions that allows for a harmful activity to take place. This includes sediment (loose

text: soil

text: ) inputs that decrease the amount of light that can penetrate through the water, reducing plant growth and diminishing oxygen availability for other aquatic organisms.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: organic pollutants used as pesticides

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contact with contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cyanide

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The input of pollutants into a water body

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: economic services.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: directly toxic pose a threat to organisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: come into contact with contaminated water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: cyanide).

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cyanide).

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Pollutants that are directly toxic pose a threat to organisms

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: contaminated water.

text: Johnson is an Associate Member and past Charge Leader on NASBLA’s Marketing and Outreach Subcommittee. She is the Chairperson for the Life Jacket Wear Rate Tiger Team and sits on the U.S. Coast Guard’s National Outreach Work Group. Rachel is a committee member on National Boating Safety Advisory Council’s (NBSAC) Objective 4. Life Jacket Wear charge and newly appointed NOAA regional Marine Users Committee member. During her time with the National Safe Boating Council, Rachel was a “camper” in “Cold Water Boot Camp” USA and also participated in a boating under the influence DVD in Canada. These experiences have helped Johnson understand firsthand the effects of cold water immersion, hypothermia, and drinking and boating.

text: Johnson is an Associate Member and past Charge Leader on NASBLA’s Marketing and Outreach Subcommittee. She is the Chairperson for the Life Jacket Wear Rate Tiger Team and sits on the U.S. Coast Guard’s National Outreach Work Group. Rachel is a committee member on National Boating Safety Advisory Council’s (NBSAC) Objective 4. Life Jacket Wear charge and newly appointed NOAA regional Marine Users Committee member. During her time with the National Safe Boating Council, Rachel was a “camper” in “Cold Water Boot Camp” USA and also participated in a boating under the influence DVD in Canada. These experiences have helped Johnson understand firsthand the effects of cold water immersion, hypothermia, and drinking and boating.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person ingests it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: hypothermia

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NASBLA’s Marketing and Outreach Subcommittee.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 4.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Marketing and Outreach Subcommittee.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: cold water immersion, hypothermia, and drinking and boating.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: cold water immersion, hypothermia,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: cold water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: hypothermia,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: cold water immersion, hypothermia, and drinking and boating.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: “Cold Water Boot Camp”

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: “Cold Water Boot Camp”

text: By the early 1900s, water treatment experimentation had turned from the prevention of waterborne diseases to the creation of softer, less-mineralized water. Water softeners, which use sodium ions to replace water-hardening minerals in water, were first introduced into the water treatment market in 1903.

text: By the early 1900s, water treatment experimentation had turned from the prevention of waterborne diseases to the creation of softer, less-mineralized water. Water softeners, which use sodium ions to replace water-hardening minerals in water, were first introduced into the water treatment market in 1903.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: By the early 1900s,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: softer, less-mineralized water.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1903.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: softer, less-mineralized water.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water softeners,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: softer, less-mineralized water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: softer, less-mineralized water.

text: Kawangware has a scarcity of safe drinking water. Water supplied by the city authority is not available every day or is otherwise expensive. There are waterborne diseases, respiratory pneumonia, malaria as well as an increase in cases of airborne diseases due to the poor sewerage system in Kawangware. Many people in Kawangware are HIV-positive.

text: Kawangware has a scarcity of safe

text: drinking water

text: . Water supplied by the city authority is not available every day or is otherwise expensive. There are

text: waterborne diseases

text: , respiratory pneumonia,

text: malaria

text: as well as an increase in cases of

text: airborne disease

text: s due to the poor

text: sewerage

text: system in Kawangware. Many people in Kawangware are

text: HIV

text: -positive.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: respiratory pneumonia

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Kawangware has a scarcity of safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: HIV-positive.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: poor sewerage system

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: HIV-positive.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: respiratory pneumonia,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Kawangware has a scarcity of safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: poor sewerage system

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Kawangware has a scarcity of safe drinking water.

text: Contact with polluted water and flood soaked item can cause rashes, and if it comes in contact with a skin cut, a variety of infections. Public officials warned of a potential increase in waterborne diseases such as dysentery as well as an increased population of mosquitoes, which can carry West Nile virus.

text: Contact with polluted water and flood soaked item can cause rashes, and if it comes in contact with a skin cut, a variety of infections. Public officials warned of a potential increase in waterborne diseases such as

text: dysentery

text: as well as an increased population of

text: mosquitoes

text: , which can carry

text: West Nile virus

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: viruses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contact with polluted water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dysentery

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: West Nile virus.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: if it comes in contact with a skin cut,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: dysentery

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: dysentery

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dysentery

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: dysentery

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: dysentery

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Contact with polluted water

text: After World War II, the use of flying boats rapidly declined for several reasons. The ability to land on water became less of an advantage owing to the considerable increase in the number and length of land-based runways during World War II. Further, as the speed and range of land-based aircraft increased, the commercial competitiveness of flying boats diminished; their design compromised aerodynamic efficiency and speed to accomplish the feat of waterborne takeoff and landing. Competing with new civilian jet aircraft like the de Havilland Comet and Boeing 707 proved impossible.

text: After World War II, the use of flying boats rapidly declined for several reasons. The ability to land on water became less of an advantage owing to the considerable increase in the number and length of land-based runways during World War II. Further, as the speed and range of land-based aircraft increased, the commercial competitiveness of flying boats diminished; their design compromised aerodynamic efficiency and speed to accomplish the feat of waterborne takeoff and landing. Competing with new civilian jet aircraft like the

text: de Havilland Comet

text: and

text: Boeing 707

text: proved impossible.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: After World War II,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: World War II,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: After World War II,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: increase in the number and length of land-based runways

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: After World War II,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: de Havilland Comet and Boeing 707

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: After World War II,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: After World War II,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: increase in the number and length of land-based runways

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: increase in the number and length of land-based runways

text: The immense growth of the People's Republic of China since the 1980s has resulted in increased soil pollution. The State Environmental Protection Administration believes it to be a threat to the environment, food safety and sustainable agriculture. 38,610 square miles (100,000 km) of China’s cultivated land have been polluted, with contaminated water being used to irrigate a further 31.5 million miles (21,670 km.) and another 2 million miles (1,300 km) have been covered or destroyed by solid waste. In total, the area accounts for one-tenth of China’s cultivatable land, and is not known as the first time mostly in economically developed areas. An estimated 6 million tonnes of grain are contaminated by heavy metals every year, causing direct losses of 29 billion yuan (US$2.57 billion).

text: The immense growth of the People's Republic of China since the 1980s has resulted in increased soil pollution. The State Environmental Protection Administration believes it to be a threat to the environment, food safety and sustainable agriculture. 38,610 square miles (100,000 km) of China’s cultivated land have been polluted, with contaminated water being used to irrigate a further 31.5 million miles (21,670 km.) and another 2 million miles (1,300 km) have been covered or destroyed by solid waste. In total, the area accounts for one-tenth of China’s cultivatable land, and is not known as the first time mostly in economically developed areas. An estimated 6 million tonnes of grain are contaminated by heavy metals every year, causing direct losses of 29 billion yuan (US$2.57 billion).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one-tenth

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: soil is polluted

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The immense growth of the People's Republic of China

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one-tenth

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: food safety and sustainable agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: soil pollution.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: contaminated water

text: Its use presents a conflict between the common good and individual rights. It is controversial, and opposition to it has been based on ethical, legal, safety, and efficacy grounds. Health and dental organizations worldwide have endorsed its safety and effectiveness. Its use began in 1945, following studies of children in a region where higher levels of fluoride occur naturally in the water. Further research showed that moderate fluoridation prevents tooth decay.

text: Its use presents a conflict between the

text: common good

text: and

text: individual rights

text: . It is controversial, and

text: opposition to it

text: has been based on ethical, legal, safety, and efficacy grounds. Health and dental organizations worldwide have endorsed its safety and effectiveness. Its use began in 1945, following studies of children in a region where higher levels of fluoride occur naturally in the water. Further research showed that moderate fluoridation prevents tooth decay.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: tooth decay

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fluoride

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Its use presents a conflict between the common good and individual rights.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: worldwide have endorsed its safety and effectiveness. Its use began in 1945,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: conflict between the common good and individual rights.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: higher levels of fluoride

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: fluoridation prevents tooth decay.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: worldwide

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tooth decay.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: fluoridation

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: fluoridation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: fluoridation prevents tooth decay.

text: According to this indicator on improved water sources, the MDG was met in 2010, five years ahead of schedule. Over 2 billion more people used improved drinking water sources in 2010 than did in 1990. However, the job is far from finished. 780 million people are still without improved sources of drinking water, and many more still lack safe drinking water: complete information about drinking water safety is not yet available for global monitoring of safe drinking water. Estimates suggest that at least 25% of improved sources contain fecal contamination and an estimated 1.8 billion people globally use a source of drinking water which suffers from fecal contamination. The quality of these sources vary over time and are typically of worse quality in the wet season. Continued efforts  are needed to reduce urban-rural disparities and inequities associated with poverty; to dramatically increase coverage in countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania; to promote global monitoring of drinking water quality; and to look beyond the MDG target towards universal coverage.

text: According to this indicator on

text: improved water source

text: s, the MDG was met in 2010, five years ahead of schedule. Over 2 billion more people used improved drinking water sources in 2010 than did in 1990. However, the job is far from finished. 780 million people are still without improved sources of drinking water, and many more still lack safe drinking water: complete information about drinking water safety is not yet available for global monitoring of safe drinking water. Estimates suggest that at least 25% of improved sources contain fecal contamination and an estimated 1.8 billion people globally use a source of drinking water which suffers from fecal contamination. The quality of these sources vary over time and are typically of worse quality in the wet season. Continued efforts  are needed to reduce urban-rural disparities and inequities associated with poverty; to dramatically increase coverage in countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania; to promote global monitoring of drinking water quality; and to look beyond the MDG target towards universal coverage.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: universal coverage

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: fecal contamination

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fecal contamination

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 780 million people are still without improved sources of drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: universal coverage.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: fecal

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: wet season.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: fecal contamination

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fecal

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: fecal contamination

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: universal coverage.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Over 2 billion more people used improved drinking water sources

text: Tap water is often culturally assumed to be drinking water, especially in developed countries. Usually it is potable, although water quality problems are not rare. Household water purification methods such as water filters, boiling, or distillation can be used when tap water's potability is doubted. The application of technologies (such as water treatment plants) involved in providing clean water to homes, businesses, and public buildings is a major subfield of sanitary engineering. Calling a water supply "tap water" distinguishes it from the other main types of fresh water which may be available; these include water from rainwater-collecting cisterns, water from village pumps or town pumps, or water carried from streams, rivers, or lakes (whose potability may vary).

text: Tap water is often culturally assumed to be

text: drinking water

text: , especially in developed countries. Usually it is potable, although

text: water quality

text: problems are not rare. Household

text: water purification

text: methods such as

text: water filter

text: s,

text: boiling

text: , or

text: distillation

text: can be used when tap water's potability is doubted. The application of technologies (such as

text: water treatment

text: plants) involved in providing clean water to homes, businesses, and public buildings is a major subfield of

text: sanitary engineering

text: . Calling a water supply "tap water" distinguishes it from the other main types of fresh water which may be available; these include water from rainwater-collecting

text: cistern

text: s, water from

text: village pump

text: s or town pumps, or water carried from streams, rivers, or lakes (whose potability may vary).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is not potable

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Tap water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developed countries.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Tap water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Tap water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Tap water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: developed countries.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Tap water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Tap water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water treatment plants)

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Usually it is potable, although water quality problems are not rare.

text: The immense and sustained growth of the People's Republic of China since the 1970s has exacted a price from the land in increased soil pollution.  The State Environmental Protection Administration believes it to be a threat to the environment, to food safety and to sustainable agriculture. According to a scientific sampling, 150 million mi (100,000 square kilometers) of China’s cultivated land have been polluted, with contaminated water being used to irrigate a further 31.5 million mi (21,670 km.) and another 2 million mi (1,300 square kilometers) covered or destroyed by solid waste. In total, the area accounts for one-tenth of China’s cultivatable land, and is mostly in economically developed areas. An estimated 12 million tonnes of grain are contaminated by heavy metals every year, causing direct losses of 20 billion yuan (US$2.57 billion).

text: The immense and sustained growth of the

text: People's Republic of China

text: since the 1970s has exacted a price from the land in increased soil pollution.  The

entity_name: Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China

text: State Environmental Protection Administration

text: believes it to be a threat to the environment, to food safety and to sustainable agriculture. According to a scientific sampling, 150 million mi (100,000 square kilometers) of China’s cultivated land have been polluted, with

text: contaminated water

text: being used to irrigate a further 31.5 million mi (21,670 km.) and another 2 million mi (1,300 square kilometers) covered or destroyed by solid waste. In total, the area accounts for one-tenth of China’s cultivatable land, and is mostly in economically developed areas. An estimated 12 million tonnes of grain are contaminated by heavy metals every year, causing direct losses of 20 billion yuan (US$2.57 billion).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one-tenth

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: soil is polluted

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The immense and sustained growth of the People's Republic of China

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one-tenth

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: soil pollution.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: contaminated water

text: Waterborne disease outbreaks may be associated with recreational water, water intended for drinking, water not intended for drinking (non-recreational water, for example, from cooling towers or ornamental fountains) and water of unknown intent. In order for a waterborne disease outbreak to be included in WBDOSS there must be an epidemiologic link between two or more persons that includes a location of water exposure, a clearly defined time period for the water exposure, and one or more waterborne illnesses caused by pathogens such as bacteria, parasites and viruses, or by chemicals/toxins. Common routes of exposure to waterborne pathogens include swallowing contaminated water, inhaling water droplets or airborne chemicals from the water, and direct physical contact with contaminated water. Epidemiologic evidence must implicate water or volatile compounds from the water that have entered the air as the probable source of the illness. WBDOSS outbreaks are further evaluated and classified based on the strength of evidence in the outbreak report that implicates water as the source of the outbreak. Waterborne disease outbreaks that have both strong epidemiologic data and comprehensive water-quality testing data are assigned a higher class than outbreaks with weak epidemiologic data and little or no water-quality testing data.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria, parasites and viruses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne pathogens

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pathogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: common routes of exposure to waterborne pathogens include swallowing contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Waterborne disease outbreaks may be associated with recreational water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: recreational water,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria, parasites and viruses,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: swallowing contaminated water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Waterborne disease outbreaks may be associated with recreational water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: bacteria, parasites and viruses,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cooling towers or ornamental fountains)

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: swallowing contaminated water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Waterborne disease outbreaks

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Waterborne disease outbreaks may be associated with recreational water,

text: In 2009, a court victory for Friends of the Everglades was overturned by an appeals court, where the federal appellate court based its opinion on the  "unitary waters" theory, which is an interpretation of the Clean Water Act which treats all bodies of water in the United States as a single body. The implication of this was that transferring polluted water from one body of water to another, even if polluted water was being transferred to pristine water, is considered to be legal. The focus of the ongoing legal debate has been on the definition of the word "addition" in the Clean Water Act. The Clean Water Act mandates that the addition of pollutants to clean water requires a federal permit. If polluted water is being transferred one body of water to another, some courts have interpreted this as meaning no permit is needed, whereas other courts have maintained that the wording of the Clean Water Act was not intended to allow transference of polluted water from, for example, a polluted stream to a pristine lake.

text: In 2009, a court victory for Friends of the Everglades was overturned by an appeals court, where the

text: federal appellate court

text: based its opinion on the  "unitary waters" theory, which is an interpretation of the

text: Clean Water Act

text: which treats all bodies of water in the United States as a single body. The implication of this was that transferring polluted water from one body of water to another, even if polluted water was being transferred to pristine water, is considered to be legal. The focus of the ongoing legal debate has been on the definition of the word "addition" in the Clean Water Act. The Clean Water Act mandates that the addition of pollutants to clean water requires a federal permit. If polluted water is being transferred one body of water to another, some courts have interpreted this as meaning no permit is needed, whereas other courts have maintained that the wording of the Clean Water Act was not intended to allow transference of polluted water from, for example, a polluted stream to a pristine lake.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Everglades

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Clean Water Act which treats all bodies of water in the United States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: transferring polluted water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: transferring polluted water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: polluted stream

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: transferring polluted water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: transferring polluted water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: transferring polluted water

text: Drinking water supply poses a major problem in the state. Because of high altitude terrain and undulating topography drinking water is mainly obtained from streams. The pollution, lack of sanitation and open air defecation, leads to contamination of surface water.Water pollutants create a wide variety of problems by entering into the food chain. Over-exploitation of natural resources and dumping of hazardous wastes further aggravates the problem. Being unhygienic, it results to pollution and can spread diseases like hill dysentery. Since villages are sparsely populated and distantly located, the arrangement of drinking water leds to the problem of high costs. In 1948, except 4 towns, no other habitation in the state had piped water supply. By 1989, drinking water through pipes was made available in about 15,000 villages covering about 75% of the state population. Now alternate sources -underground water has been tapped through handpumps.Under ARWSP, the following norms are being adopted for providing drinking water to rural population in the habitations : 40 litres per capita per day (lpcd) of safe drinking water for human beings. 30 lpcd additional for cattle in the Desert Development Programme Areas. One hand pump or stand post for every 250 persons. The water source should exist within 1.6 km in the plains and within 100 metres elevation in the hilly areas. [Water is defined as safe if it is free from biological contamination (cholera, typhoid, etc.) and chemical contamination (excess arsenic, fluoride, salinity, iron, nitrates, etc.)] Habitations which have a safe drinking water source point (either private or public) within 1.6 km in plains and 100 metre in hill areas but the capacity of the system ranges between 10 lpcd to 40 lpcd, are categorized as Partially Covered (PC) and those having less than 10 lpcd are categorized as Not Covered (NC).

text: Drinking water

text: supply poses a major problem in the state. Because of high altitude terrain and undulating topography drinking water is mainly obtained from

text: stream

text: s. The pollution, lack of sanitation and open air defecation, leads to contamination of surface water.Water pollutants create a wide variety of problems by entering into the food chain.

text: Over-exploitation

text: of natural resources and dumping of hazardous wastes further aggravates the problem. Being unhygienic, it results to pollution and can spread diseases like hill dysentery. Since villages are sparsely populated and distantly located, the arrangement of

text: drinking water

text: leds to the problem of high costs. In 1948, except 4 towns, no other habitation in the state had piped

text: water supply

text: . By 1989,

text: drinking water

text: through pipes was made available in about 15,000

text: village

text: s covering about 75% of the state population. Now alternate sources -underground water has been tapped through handpumps.Under ARWSP, the following norms are being adopted for providing drinking water to rural population in the habitations : 40 litres per capita per day (lpcd) of safe drinking water for human beings. 30 lpcd additional for cattle in the Desert Development Programme Areas. One hand pump or stand post for every 250 persons. The water source should exist within 1.6 km in the plains and within 100 metres elevation in the hilly areas. [Water is defined as safe if it is free from biological contamination (cholera, typhoid, etc.) and chemical contamination (excess arsenic, fluoride, salinity, iron, nitrates, etc.)] Habitations which have a safe drinking water source point (either private or public) within 1.6 km in plains and 100 metre in hill areas but the capacity of the system ranges between 10 lpcd to 40 lpcd, are categorized as Partially Covered (PC) and those having less than 10 lpcd are categorized as Not Covered (NC).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological contamination

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: unhygienic

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: hill dysentery

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: not enough information

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: s per capita per day (lpcd) of safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 40 litres per capita per day

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological contamination

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: biological contamination

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: hill dysentery.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: hill dysentery.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: hill dysentery.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Not Covered (NC).

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Not Covered (NC).

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Not Covered (NC).

text: Issues that affect drinking water supply and sanitation in the United States include water scarcity, pollution, a backlog of investment, concerns about the affordability of water for the poorest, and a rapidly retiring workforce. Increased variability and intensity of rainfall as a result of climate change is expected to produce both more severe droughts and flooding, with potentially serious consequences for water supply and for pollution from combined sewer overflows. Droughts are likely to particularly affect the 66 percent of Americans whose communities depend on surface water. As for drinking water quality, there are concerns about disinfection by-products, lead, perchlorates and pharmaceutical substances, but generally drinking water quality in the U.S. is good.

text: Issues that affect

text: drinking water

text: supply and sanitation in the United States include

text: water scarcity

text: pollution

text: , a backlog of investment, concerns about the affordability of water for the poorest, and a rapidly retiring workforce. Increased variability and intensity of rainfall as a result of

text: climate change

text: is expected to produce both more severe droughts and flooding, with potentially serious consequences for water supply and for pollution from

text: combined sewer overflow

text: s. Droughts are likely to particularly affect the 66 percent of Americans whose communities depend on surface water. As for drinking water quality, there are concerns about disinfection by-products,

text: lead

text: perchlorates

text: and pharmaceutical substances, but generally drinking water quality in the U.S. is good.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 66 percent of Americans whose communities depend on surface water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 66

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: lead, perchlorates and pharmaceutical substances,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: lead, perchlorates and pharmaceutical substances,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: lead, perchlorates

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: generally drinking water quality in the U.S. is good.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: a backlog of investment,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: generally drinking water quality in the U.S. is good.

text: In addition to drinking water, VOCs are regulated in pollutant discharges to surface waters (both directly and via sewage treatment plants), as hazardous waste, but not in non-industrial indoor air. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulates VOC exposure in the workplace. Volatile organic compounds that are classifed as hazardous materials are regulated by the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration while being transported.

text: In addition to drinking water, VOCs are regulated in pollutant discharges to surface waters (both directly and via sewage treatment plants), as hazardous waste, but not in non-industrial indoor air. The

text: Occupational Safety and Health Administration

text: (OSHA) regulates VOC exposure in the workplace. Volatile organic compounds that are classifed as

text: hazardous material

text: s are regulated by the

entity_name: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration

text: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration

text: while being transported.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: VOCs are regulated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In addition to drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: VOCs are regulated in pollutant discharges to surface waters

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: VOCs are regulated in pollutant discharges to surface waters

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: VOCs are regulated in pollutant discharges to surface waters

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: VOCs are regulated in pollutant discharges to surface waters

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: VOCs are regulated in pollutant discharges to surface waters

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: drinking water,

text: In the United States, public drinking water is governed by the laws and regulations enacted by the federal and state governments.  Certain ordinances may also be created at a more local level.  The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) is the principal federal law.  The SDWA authorizes the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to create and enforce regulations to achieve the SDWA goals.

text: In the United States, public

text: drinking water

text: is governed by the

text: law

text: s and

text: regulation

text: s enacted by the federal and state governments.  Certain ordinances may also be created at a more local level.  The

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

text: (SDWA) is the principal federal law.  The SDWA authorizes the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) to create and enforce regulations to achieve the SDWA goals.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In the United States, public drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: public drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: United States,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: In the United States,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: In the United States, public drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: In the United States,

text: To filter the water, one puts contaminated water in the back of the bottle, then screws the lid on. The lid has a built in pump which is operated manually with a hand; the pumping action forces the contaminated water through the nano-filter and safe drinking water collects in another chamber in the bottle. The drinker then opens the top of the bottle from which safe drinking water comes out.

text: To filter the water, one puts contaminated water in the back of the bottle, then screws the lid on. The lid has a built in pump which is operated manually with a hand; the pumping action forces the contaminated water through the nano-filter and safe drinking water collects in another chamber in the bottle. The drinker then opens the top of the bottle from which safe drinking water comes out.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water enters the body

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: To filter the water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: the pumping action forces the contaminated water through the nano-filter

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: contaminated water through the nano-filter

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated water through the nano-filter

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: the pumping action forces the contaminated water through the nano-filter

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe drinking water

text: Shawn Alladio and K38 Water Safety received the 2005 National Water Safety Congress and National Safe Boating Council Nation Awards for reducing/preventing drowning's across the United States.

text: Shawn Alladio and K38 Water Safety received the 2005 National Water Safety Congress and

text: National Safe Boating Council

text: Nation Awards for reducing/preventing drowning's across the United States.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person ingests it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Shawn Alladio

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: reducing/preventing drowning's

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drowning's

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: drowning's across the United States.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: drowning's across the United States.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: drowning's

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: reducing/preventing drowning's across the United States.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: reducing/preventing drowning's across the United States.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: reducing/preventing drowning's across the United States.

text: Positive externalities of transport networks may include the ability to provide emergency services, increases in land value, and agglomeration benefits. Negative externalities are wide-ranging and may include local air pollution, noise pollution, light pollution, safety hazards, community severance and congestion. The contribution of transport systems to potentially hazardous climate change is a significant negative externality which is difficult to evaluate quantitatively, making it difficult (but not impossible) to include in transport economics-based research and analysis.

text: Positive externalities of transport networks may include the ability to provide

text: emergency services

text: , increases in

text: land

text: value, and

text: agglomeration benefits

text: . Negative externalities are wide-ranging and may include local

text: air pollution

text: noise pollution

text: light pollution

text: safety hazards

text: community severance

text: and

text: congestion

text: . The contribution of transport systems to potentially hazardous

text: climate change

text: is a significant negative externality which is difficult to evaluate quantitatively, making it difficult (but not impossible) to include in transport economics-based research and analysis.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: local air pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: negative externalities

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: negative externalities

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Negative externalities are wide-ranging and may include local air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Negative externalities

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: local air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Negative externalities are wide-ranging and may include local air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: noise pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Negative externalities

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Negative externalities are wide-ranging and may include local air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safety hazards,

text: In addition to providing benefits to their users, transport networks impose both positive and negative externalities on non-users. The consideration of these externalities—particularly the negative ones—is a part of transport economics. Positive externalities of transport networks may include the ability to provide emergency services, increases in land value and agglomeration benefits. Negative externalities are wide-ranging and may include local air pollution, noise pollution, light pollution, safety hazards, community severance and congestion. The contribution of transport systems to potentially hazardous climate change is a significant negative externality which is difficult to evaluate quantitatively, making it difficult (but not impossible) to include in transport economics-based research and analysis. Congestion is considered a negative externality by economists.

text: In addition to providing benefits to their users, transport networks impose both

text: positive

text: and

text: negative externalities

text: on non-users. The consideration of these externalities—particularly the negative ones—is a part of transport economics. Positive externalities of transport networks may include the ability to provide

text: emergency services

text: , increases in

text: land

text: value and

text: agglomeration benefits

text: . Negative externalities are wide-ranging and may include local

text: air pollution

text: noise pollution

text: light pollution

text: safety hazards

text: community severance

text: and

text: congestion

text: . The contribution of transport systems to potentially hazardous

text: climate change

text: is a significant negative externality which is difficult to evaluate quantitatively, making it difficult (but not impossible) to include in transport economics-based research and analysis. Congestion is considered a negative

text: externality

text: by economists.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: non-users

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: local air pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: local air pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: negative externalities

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: transport networks impose both positive and negative externalities on non-users.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: negative externalities on non-users.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: safety hazards, community severance

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: noise pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: congestion.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Negative externalities are wide-ranging and may include local air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: congestion.

text: For example, the manufacturing cost of a car (i.e., the costs of buying inputs, land tax rates for the car plant, overhead costs of running the plant and labor costs) reflects the private cost for the manufacturer (in some ways, normal profit can also be seen as a cost of production; see, e.g., Ison and Wall, 2007, p. 181). The polluted waters or polluted air also created as part of the process of producing the car is an external cost borne by those who are affected by the pollution or who value unpolluted air or water. Because the manufacturer does not pay for this external cost (the cost of emitting undesirable waste into the commons), and does not include this cost in the price of the car (a Kaldor-Hicks compensation), they are said to be external to the market pricing mechanism. The air pollution from driving the car is also an externality produced by the car user in the process of using his good. The driver does not compensate for the environmental damage caused by using the car.

text: For example, the manufacturing cost of a car (i.e., the costs of buying inputs, land tax rates for the car plant, overhead costs of running the plant and labor costs) reflects the private cost for the manufacturer (in some ways, normal profit can also be seen as a cost of production; see, e.g., Ison and Wall, 2007, p. 181). The polluted waters or polluted air also created as part of the process of producing the car is an external cost borne by those who are affected by the pollution or who value unpolluted air or water. Because the manufacturer does not pay for this external cost (the cost of emitting undesirable waste into the commons), and does not include this cost in the price of the car (a Kaldor-Hicks compensation), they are said to be external to the market pricing mechanism. The air pollution from driving the car is also an externality produced by the car user in the process of using his good. The driver does not compensate for the environmental damage caused by using the car.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The polluted waters

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: unpolluted

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: external to the market pricing mechanism.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: (the cost of emitting undesirable waste into the commons),

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: polluted waters

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: polluted waters

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: polluted waters

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Ison and Wall, 2007, p. 181).

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The polluted waters

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The polluted waters

text: Around 1866 an obelisk monument with two marble plaques was built at the site of St Chad's Well near the boundary of the grounds, close to Midsomer Norton town centre, by the mother of Major Frederick Stukeley Savage to her son who had been injured in the Crimean War.  The decision to place the monument near the spring, which had long been used by the people of the town, resulted from her son's letters home from the war. He highlighted the problems the soldiers had gaining access to clean water, causing them many deaths from waterborne diseases.  Although the Major did return from the war, he was an invalid and died ten years later. The writer Evelyn Waugh whose grandfather Alexander Waugh was the doctor in the town tells how the distraught Mrs Savage visited the memorial daily. "Here, in the evenings, the pathetic, wizened Mrs Savage was conducted in her wheel chair, attended by her faithful henchman, Jonah Shearn. The path to the well was set with shrubs, and if any weed had grown between their stems, the wheel chair was stopped before the offending vegetable, and Jonah, trowel in hand, dug it up and cast it in the stream that babbled by. Then she paused and read the inscription with a far-away look in her eyes. It was her tribute to an only child".  The monument survives to this day, next to the Somer Valley FM radio station in the grounds of Somervale School. Also surviving are elaborate enclosure railings and gate, but an original grotto archway of Chilcompton rough stone has disappeared.

text: Around 1866 an

text: obelisk

text: monument with two marble plaques was built at the site of St Chad's Well near the boundary of the grounds, close to

text: Midsomer Norton

text: town centre, by the mother of Major Frederick Stukeley Savage to her son who had been injured in the

text: Crimean War

text: .  The decision to place the monument near the spring, which had long been used by the people of the town, resulted from her son's letters home from the war. He highlighted the problems the soldiers had gaining access to clean water, causing them many deaths from waterborne diseases.  Although the Major did return from the war, he was an invalid and died ten years later. The writer

text: Evelyn Waugh

text: whose grandfather Alexander Waugh was the doctor in the town tells how the distraught Mrs Savage visited the memorial daily. "Here, in the evenings, the pathetic, wizened Mrs Savage was conducted in her wheel chair, attended by her faithful henchman, Jonah Shearn. The path to the well was set with shrubs, and if any weed had grown between their stems, the wheel chair was stopped before the offending vegetable, and Jonah, trowel in hand, dug it up and cast it in the stream that babbled by. Then she paused and read the inscription with a far-away look in her eyes. It was her tribute to an only child".  The monument survives to this day, next to the

text: Somer Valley FM

text: radio station in the grounds of

text: Somervale School

text: . Also surviving are elaborate enclosure railings and gate, but an original

text: grotto

text: archway of

text: Chilcompton

text: rough stone has disappeared.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: stream

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: well

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: stream

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: deaths

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: elaborate enclosure railings and gate,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: if any weed had grown between their stems,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: if any weed had grown between their stems,

text: The disease is spread by contact with fresh water contaminated with the parasites. These parasites are released from infected freshwater snails. The disease is especially common among children in developing countries as they are more likely to play in contaminated water. Other high risk groups include farmers, fishermen, and people using unclean water during daily living. It belongs to the group of helminth infections. Diagnosis is by finding eggs of the parasite in a person's urine or stool. It can also be confirmed by finding antibodies against the disease in the blood.

text: The disease is spread by contact with

text: fresh water

text: contaminated with the parasites. These parasites are released from infected

text: freshwater snail

text: s. The disease is especially common among children in developing countries as they are more likely to play in contaminated water. Other high risk groups include farmers, fishermen, and people using unclean water during daily living. It belongs to the group of

text: helminth infections

text: . Diagnosis is by finding eggs of the parasite in a person's urine or stool. It can also be confirmed by finding

text: antibodies

text: against the disease in the blood.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: parasites

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: parasites are released

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: parasites

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: disease is spread by contact with fresh water contaminated with the parasites.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developing countries

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: released from infected freshwater snails.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contact with fresh water contaminated with the parasites.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The disease is especially common among children in developing countries

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: developing countries

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: helminth infections.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contact with fresh water contaminated with the parasites.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: fresh water contaminated with the parasites.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The disease is especially common among children in developing countries

text: The Najafgarh Drain or Najafgarh Nallah (nallah in Hindi means drain) is another name for the Sahibi River, which continues its flow through Delhi where it is channelised for flood control purposes. It is a tributary to the Yamuna River, into which it flows. The Najafgarh Drain gets its name from the once famous and huge Najafgarh Lake near the town of Najafgarh in southwest Delhi. The Najafgarh Drain is the capital’s most polluted body of water due to the direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. Assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats, a January 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board rated the Najafgarh Drain under category D, along with 13 other highly polluted wetlands.

text: The Najafgarh Drain or Najafgarh Nallah (nallah in

text: Hindi

text: means drain) is another name for the Sahibi River, which continues its flow through Delhi where it is channelised for flood control purposes. It is a tributary to the Yamuna River, into which it flows. The Najafgarh Drain gets its name from the once famous and huge

text: Najafgarh Lake

text: near the town of

text: Najafgarh

text: in southwest Delhi. The Najafgarh Drain is the capital’s most polluted body of water due to the direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. Assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats, a January 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board rated the Najafgarh Drain under category D, along with 13 other highly polluted wetlands.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Sahibi River,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: D,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: D,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Najafgarh Drain or Najafgarh Nallah

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: untreated sewage

text: In April 2011, CoverGirl supported the Procter & Gamble Children's Safe Drinking Water campaign. CoverGirl donated all its proceeds from the sale of the special powders, which got launched for the 50th anniversary of the company, to the campaign.

text: In April 2011, CoverGirl supported the

text: Procter & Gamble

text: Children's Safe Drinking Water campaign. CoverGirl donated all its proceeds from the sale of the special powders, which got launched for the 50th anniversary of the company, to the campaign.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Procter & Gamble Children's Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Children's Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Procter & Gamble Children's Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Procter & Gamble Children's Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Children's Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Procter & Gamble Children's Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Procter & Gamble Children's Safe Drinking Water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Procter & Gamble Children's Safe Drinking Water

text: Swimming and water safety

text: Swimming and water safety

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 95%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to them

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: What is the best way to stay safe while swimming?

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: What should you do if you get dracunculiasis?

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Why do people in developed nations not think much about waterborne diseases?

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Swimming and water safety

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Swimming

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Swimming and water safety

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Swimming and water safety

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Swimming and water safety

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Swimming

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Swimming

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Swimming and water safety

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Swimming and water safety

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Swimming and water safety

text: Lower down three dams intercept the greatest part of water, creating businesses which pollute it. The first dam is where woodworking enterprise pollute the water. The second dam is cleaner, but on its banks there are various industrial buildings. Behind the second dam Sviyaga becomes a small streamlet and then in Kuzovatovo becomes a small river proceeding for some kilometers on wide floodplains. Here the upper part of Sviyaga is deeper because of an abundance of springs from underground aquifers.

text: Lower down three dams intercept the greatest part of water, creating businesses which pollute it. The first dam is where woodworking enterprise pollute the water. The second dam is cleaner, but on its banks there are various industrial buildings. Behind the second dam Sviyaga becomes a small streamlet and then in Kuzovatovo becomes a small river proceeding for some kilometers on wide floodplains. Here the upper part of Sviyaga is deeper because of an abundance of springs from underground aquifers.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: industrial buildings pollute the water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Sviyaga

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: greatest part

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollute

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Lower down three dams intercept the greatest part of water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pollute it.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Behind the second dam Sviyaga

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: woodworking enterprise

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Lower down three dams

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Lower down three dams

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Lower down three dams

text: The most common diseases in the 1980s were gastrointestinal infections caused by waterborne parasites, mostly attributable to the lack of clean drinking water. The most frequently treated diseases were respiratory tract infections, diarrhea and dysentery, worms, skin infections, malaria, nutritional deficiencies, and conjunctivitis. In 1977 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Bhutan a smallpox-free zone. In 1979 a nationwide immunization program was established. In 1987, with WHO support, the government envisioned plans to immunize all children against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, and measles by 1990. The government's major medical objective by 2000 was to eliminate waterborne parasites, diarrhea and dysentery, malaria, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and goiter. Progress in leprosy eradication was made in the 1970s and 1980s, during which time the number of patients had decreased by more than half, and by 1988 the government was optimistic that the disease could be eliminated by 2000.

text: The most common diseases in the 1980s were gastrointestinal infections caused by waterborne parasites, mostly attributable to the lack of

text: clean drinking water

text: . The most frequently treated diseases were respiratory tract infections,

text: diarrhea

text: and

text: dysentery

text: worm

text: s,

text: skin infection

text: s,

text: malaria

text: nutritional deficiencies

text: , and

text: conjunctivitis

text: . In 1977 the

text: World Health Organization

text: (WHO) declared Bhutan a

text: smallpox

text: -free zone. In 1979 a nationwide

text: immunization

text: program was established. In 1987, with WHO support, the government envisioned plans to immunize all children against

text: diphtheria

text: pertussis

text: tetanus

text: polio

text: tuberculosis

text: , and

text: measles

text: by 1990. The government's major medical objective by 2000 was to eliminate waterborne parasites, diarrhea and dysentery, malaria, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and goiter. Progress in

text: leprosy

text: eradication was made in the 1970s and 1980s, during which time the number of patients had decreased by more than half, and by 1988 the government was optimistic that the disease could be eliminated by 2000.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of clean drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: worms

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Bhutan

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Bhutan

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of clean drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: gastrointestinal infections caused by waterborne parasites,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: half,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea and dysentery,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne parasites,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: eliminate waterborne parasites,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: clean drinking water.

text: EPA ensures safe drinking water for the public, by setting standards for more than 160,000 public water systems nationwide. EPA oversees states, local governments and water suppliers to enforce the standards under the Safe Drinking Water Act. The program includes regulation of injection wells in order to protect underground sources of drinking water. Select readings of amounts of certain contaminants in drinking water, precipitation, and surface water, in addition to milk and air, are reported on EPA's Rad Net web site in a section entitled Envirofacts. In certain cases, readings exceeding EPA MCL levels are deleted or not included despite mandatory reporting regulations. A draft of revised EPA regulations relaxes the regulations for radiation exposure through drinking water, stating that current standards are impractical to enforce. The EPA is recommending that intervention is not necessary until drinking water is contaminated with radioactive iodine 131 at a concentration of 81,000 picocuries per liter (the limit for short term exposure set by the International Atomic Energy Agency), which is 27,000 times the current EPA limit of 3 picocuries per liter for long term exposure.

text: EPA ensures safe

text: drinking water

text: for the public, by setting standards for more than 160,000

text: public water system

text: s nationwide. EPA oversees states, local governments and water suppliers to enforce the standards under the

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

text: . The program includes regulation of

text: injection well

text: s in order to protect underground sources of drinking water. Select readings of amounts of certain contaminants in drinking water, precipitation, and surface water, in addition to milk and air, are reported on EPA's Rad Net web site in a section entitled Envirofacts. In certain cases, readings exceeding EPA MCL levels are deleted or not included despite mandatory reporting regulations. A draft of revised EPA regulations relaxes the regulations for radiation exposure through drinking water, stating that current standards are impractical to enforce. The EPA is recommending that intervention is not necessary until drinking water is contaminated with radioactive iodine 131 at a concentration of 81,000 picocuries per liter (the limit for short term exposure set by the International Atomic Energy Agency), which is 27,000 times the current EPA limit of 3 picocuries per liter for long term exposure.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: short term exposure

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 20,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: radon

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: EPA ensures safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 160,000 public water systems

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: short term exposure

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 160,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: milk

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: EPA ensures safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: current standards are impractical to enforce.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: EPA ensures safe drinking water

text: Zhao Lianhai was a worker who defended the victims of the 2008 Chinese milk scandal.  On December 29, 2010 Wang Guangya said that because of the One country, two systems Hong Kong should not interfere with the issue.  He then made the controversial statement, "well water (HK) should not pollute the river water (China)" (). Pro-Beijing member Ip Kwok-him then tried to defend the director by saying that HK citizens were only concerned about mainland affairs, and that they do care about One country two systems as well as the mainland justice system. Chief Secretary for Administration Henry Tang was asked to interpret what the water-river statement meant. He only smiled and did not answer.  The phrase was first used by former CPC General Secretary Jiang Zemin in December 1989 when he met the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.  He previously said "Well water should not pollute river water, river water should not pollute well water."

text: Zhao Lianhai

text: was a worker who defended the victims of the

text: 2008 Chinese milk scandal

text: .  On December 29, 2010 Wang Guangya said that because of the

text: One country, two systems

text: Hong Kong should not interfere with the issue.  He then made the controversial statement, "well water (HK) should not pollute the river water (China)" (). Pro-Beijing member

text: Ip Kwok-him

text: then tried to defend the director by saying that HK citizens were only concerned about mainland affairs, and that they do care about One country two systems as well as the mainland justice system.

text: Chief Secretary for Administration

text: Henry Tang

text: was asked to interpret what the water-river statement meant. He only smiled and did not answer.  The phrase was first used by former

entity_name: General Secretary of the Communist Party of China

text: CPC General Secretary

text: Jiang Zemin

text: in December 1989 when he met the

text: Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

text: .  He previously said "Well water should not pollute river water, river water should not pollute well water."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: milk is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: milk scandal

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: "Well water should not pollute river water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United Kingdom.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: victims

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: "well water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Jiang Zemin

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Chinese milk scandal. On December 29, 2010

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: milk scandal.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: "Well water should not pollute river water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Jiang Zemin

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: United Kingdom.

text: Since the Convention contains laws that are enforceable by the government, the United States would be held accountable for the all of the laws contained within it. However, the United States already enforces many laws relevant to the Convention. The Department of Labor has a division applicable to miners. This division, The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), is an agency that since 1977 has a mission to promote a safe and healthy workplace for miners by preventing injury and disease. The main method of doing this is by enforcing the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, known as the Mine Act. The Mine Act sets various standards intended to reduce fatal accidents and to minimize health hazards in an already dangerous occupation. Having the MSHA inspect every American mine accomplishes a part of the Mine Act. In addition, the MSHA handles all accident reporting and safety issues from miners. The disease black lung, which largely affects miners, is being worked on by the MSHA to have it diminished in the United States. Similarly, the laws outlined in the Convention are aimed at lowering the amount of individuals with disease obtained from the mining workplace.

text: Since the Convention contains laws that are enforceable by the government, the United States would be held accountable for the all of the laws contained within it. However, the United States already enforces many laws relevant to the Convention. The

text: Department of Labor

text: has a division applicable to miners. This division, The

text: Mine Safety and Health Administration

text: (MSHA), is an agency that since 1977 has a mission to promote a safe and healthy workplace for miners by preventing injury and disease. The main method of doing this is by enforcing the Federal

text: Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977

text: , known as the Mine Act. The Mine Act sets various standards intended to reduce fatal accidents and to minimize health hazards in an already dangerous occupation. Having the MSHA inspect every American mine accomplishes a part of the Mine Act. In addition, the MSHA handles all accident reporting and safety issues from miners. The disease black lung, which largely affects miners, is being worked on by the MSHA to have it diminished in the United States. Similarly, the laws outlined in the Convention are aimed at lowering the amount of individuals with disease obtained from the mining workplace.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: mining workplace

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: black lung

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: black lung,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease obtained from the mining workplace.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: mining workplace.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: black lung,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: black lung,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: black lung,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Mine Safety and Health Administration

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: enforcing the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: the United States

text: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution.

text: Pollution is the introduction of

text: contaminant

text: s into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of

text: chemical substance

text: s or

text: energy

text: , such as noise, heat or light.

text: Pollutant

text: s, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as

text: point source

text: or

text: nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: nonpoint source

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: nonpoint source

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: point source or nonpoint source pollution.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: noise,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Pollution

text: The City has a Shoreland Ordinance, which is typical of communities in Minnesota with lakes.  The text of the Ordinance states that uncontrolled use of shorelands of the City affects the public health, safety and general welfare by contributing to pollution of public waters. The purpose of the ordinance is to protect the public's health, safety, and welfare, and to provide for the wise development of shorelands of public waters. The Minnesota Legislature has delegated responsibility to the municipalities of the State to regulate the subdivision, use, and development of the shorelands of public waters, and thus preserve and enhance the quality of surface waters, preserve the economic and natural environmental values of shorelands, and provide for the wise utilization of waters and related land resources.  The State has not, however, required that the delegated responsibility be exercised with respect to enforcement of the corresponding laws, ordinances, and regulations, nor does the State require that the municipality have an established administrative sanction (fine) process at its disposal for the punishment of violators.

text: The City has a Shoreland Ordinance, which is typical of communities in Minnesota with lakes.  The text of the Ordinance states that uncontrolled use of shorelands of the City affects the public health, safety and general welfare by contributing to pollution of public waters. The purpose of the ordinance is to protect the public's health, safety, and welfare, and to provide for the wise development of shorelands of public waters. The Minnesota Legislature has delegated responsibility to the municipalities of the State to regulate the subdivision, use, and development of the shorelands of public waters, and thus preserve and enhance the quality of surface waters, preserve the economic and natural environmental values of shorelands, and provide for the wise utilization of waters and related land resources.  The State has not, however, required that the delegated responsibility be exercised with respect to enforcement of the corresponding laws, ordinances, and regulations, nor does the State require that the municipality have an established administrative sanction (fine) process at its disposal for the punishment of violators.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: uncontrolled use

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: pollution of public waters.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: public waters.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution of public waters.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: uncontrolled use of shorelands

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pollution of public waters.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Minnesota

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pollution of public waters.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: pollution of public waters.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: pollution of public waters.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: pollution of public waters.

text: C. Waterborne

text: C. Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is a source of contamination

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: What kind of diseases are carried in drinking water?

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: swine flu

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The answer: C.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Diseases that can be transmitted through drinking water

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: C. Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: C. Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: C.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: C. Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: C. Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: C. Waterborne

text: One of the key imperatives is Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) and the operators of a depot must ensure that products are safely stored and handled. There must be no leakages (etc.) which could damage the soil or the water table.

text: One of the key imperatives is

text: Health, Safety and Environment

text: (HSE) and the operators of a depot must ensure that products are safely stored and handled. There must be no leakages (etc.) which could damage the soil or the water table.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: leakages can damage the soil

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: One of the key imperatives is Health, Safety and Environment

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Health, Safety and Environment

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Health, Safety and Environment

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: leakages (etc.) which could damage the soil or the water table.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Health, Safety and Environment (HSE)

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Health, Safety and Environment

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water table.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Health, Safety and Environment

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: leakages (etc.) which could damage the soil or the water table.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Health, Safety and Environment (HSE)

text: The major water challenges in the MRSP are pollution of drinking water reservoirs that are surrounded by built-up areas including slums, water scarcity and conflicts, inefficient water use, and flooding.

text: The major water challenges in the MRSP are pollution of drinking water reservoirs that are surrounded by built-up areas including slums, water scarcity and conflicts, inefficient water use, and flooding.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 5%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: insufficient water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: MRSP

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution of drinking water reservoirs

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: flooding.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pollution of drinking water reservoirs

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: slums,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: flooding.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: pollution of drinking water reservoirs

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water scarcity and conflicts,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: pollution of drinking water reservoirs

text: In 1962 Stoddart moved to a small community, Groton in Massachusetts from Nevada with their three children.  Her home in Groton was only three quarters of a mile from the Nashua River, which by then was already known to be highly polluted, and even dangerous. Organizing the Nashua River Clean Up committee she enlisted the help of thousands of ordinary citizens. She met with Massachusetts Governor John Volpe, Fitchburg Mayor William Flynn, plus executives of the paper mills which were polluting the river. Through her tireless efforts Stoddart was able to get the first anti-water pollution bill enacted by any state in the US: the 1965 Massachusetts Clean Water Act.

text: In 1962 Stoddart moved to a small community,

text: Groton

text: in Massachusetts from Nevada with their three children.  Her home in Groton was only three quarters of a mile from the Nashua River, which by then was already known to be highly polluted, and even dangerous. Organizing the Nashua River Clean Up committee she enlisted the help of thousands of ordinary citizens. She met with Massachusetts Governor John Volpe, Fitchburg Mayor William Flynn, plus executives of the paper mills which were polluting the river. Through her tireless efforts Stoddart was able to get the first anti-water pollution bill enacted by any state in the US: the 1965 Massachusetts Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is polluted

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Nashua River,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: US:

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluted,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: highly polluted,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: polluted,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Massachusetts Governor John Volpe, Fitchburg Mayor William Flynn,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Nashua River,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1965 Massachusetts Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 1965 Massachusetts Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: US:

text: Another class of waterborne metazoan pathogens are certain members of the Schistosomatidae, a family of blood flukes. They usually infect victims that make skin contact with the water. Blood flukes are pathogens that cause Schistosomiasis of various forms, more or less seriously affecting hundreds of millions of people world-wide.

text: Another class of waterborne

text: metazoa

text: n pathogens are certain members of the

text: Schistosomatidae

text: , a family of blood

text: flukes

text: . They usually infect victims that make skin contact with the water. Blood flukes are pathogens that cause

text: Schistosomiasis

text: of various forms, more or less seriously affecting hundreds of millions of people world-wide.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: metazoan

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contact with water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: hundreds of millions

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Schistosomiasis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Blood flukes

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: hundreds of millions

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: metazoan

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: victims that make skin contact with the water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Schistosomatidae,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: hundreds of millions

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Schistosomatidae,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Schistosomatidae,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Schistosomatidae,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Schistosomatidae,

text: Moving beyond sanitary waste disposal and pumps, clean water technology can now be found in the form of drinking straw filtration. Used as solution by Water Is Life, the straw is small, portable, and costs USD$10 per unit. The filtration device is designed to eliminate waterborne diseases, and as a result provide safe drinking water for one person for one year.

text: Moving beyond sanitary waste disposal and pumps, clean water technology can now be found in the form of drinking straw filtration. Used as solution by Water Is Life, the straw is small, portable, and costs USD$10 per unit. The filtration device is designed to eliminate waterborne diseases, and as a result provide safe drinking water for one person for one year.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water Is Life,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one person for one year.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: USD$10

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: waste disposal

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: diseases,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: drinking straw filtration.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: clean water technology can now be found in the form of drinking straw filtration.

text: On the pirate's boat, she shows the pirates her Golden Dragon Tattoo. They laugh at this, and ignore the mark of safety form the most dreaded pirate Cheng Shih. Jacky jumps into the water and swims away, preferring to swim and take chances, than to be mistreated by pirates.

text: On the pirate's boat, she shows the pirates her Golden Dragon Tattoo. They laugh at this, and ignore the mark of safety form the most dreaded pirate Cheng Shih. Jacky jumps into the water and swims away, preferring to swim and take chances, than to be mistreated by pirates.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Golden Dragon Tattoo.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: most dreaded pirate Cheng Shih.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pirates.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: mistreated by pirates.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Golden Dragon Tattoo.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Golden Dragon Tattoo.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Jacky jumps into the water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Cheng Shih.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Golden Dragon Tattoo.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Golden Dragon Tattoo. They laugh at this, and ignore the mark of safety

text: On entering the European Parliament, he was appointed to the European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety, responsible for a wide range of policy areas including air and water pollution, waste management, and climate change.

text: On entering the European Parliament, he was appointed to the

entity_name: European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety

text: European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety

text: , responsible for a wide range of policy areas including air and water pollution, waste management, and climate change.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: air and water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Public Health

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: waste management,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: European Parliament Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety,

text: Plasma donors undergo a screening process to ensure both the donor's safety and the safety of the collected product.  Factors monitored include blood pressure, pulse, temperature, total protein, protein electrophoresis, health history screening similar to that for whole blood, as well as an annual physical exam with a licensed physician or an approved physician substitute under the supervision of the physician. Donors are screened at each donation for viral diseases that can be transmitted by blood, sometimes by multiple methods.  For example, donations are tested for HIV by ELISA, which shows if they have been exposed to the disease, as well as by nucleic acid methods (PCR or similar) to rule out recent infections that the ELISA test might miss and are also screened for hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Industry standards require at least two sets of negative test results before the collected plasma is used for injectable products.  The plasma is also treated in processing multiple times to inactivate any virus that was undetected during the screening process.

text: Plasma donors undergo a screening process to ensure both the donor's safety and the safety of the collected product.  Factors monitored include

text: blood pressure

text: pulse

text: , temperature, total protein,

text: protein electrophoresis

text: , health history screening similar to that for

text: whole blood

text: , as well as an annual physical exam with a licensed physician or an approved physician substitute under the supervision of the physician. Donors are screened at each donation for viral diseases that can be transmitted by blood, sometimes by multiple methods.  For example, donations are tested for

text: HIV

text: by

text: ELISA

text: , which shows if they have been exposed to the disease, as well as by nucleic acid methods (

text: PCR

text: or similar) to rule out recent infections that the ELISA test might miss and are also screened for

text: hepatitis B

text: and

text: hepatitis C

text: . Industry standards require at least two sets of negative test results before the collected plasma is used for injectable products.  The plasma is also treated in processing multiple times to inactivate any virus that was undetected during the screening process.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: viruses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: viruses can be transmitted by blood

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Plasma

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: hepatitis B and hepatitis C.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: viral diseases that can be transmitted by blood,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: transmitted by blood,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: viral diseases that can be transmitted by blood,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: hepatitis B

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: HIV

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: screened at each donation for viral diseases that can be transmitted by blood,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: blood,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: viral diseases that can be transmitted by blood,

text: Certain diseases are grouped together under the name of waterborne diseases, which are diseases transmitted via fecal pathogens in water. Open defecation can lead to water pollution when rain flushes feces that are dispersed in the environment into surface water or unprotected wells.

text: Certain diseases are grouped together under the name of

text: waterborne diseases

text: , which are diseases transmitted via fecal pathogens in water. Open defecation can lead to

text: water pollution

text: when rain flushes feces that are dispersed in the environment into

text: surface water

text: or unprotected

text: wells

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: fecal

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: fecal pathogens in water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fecal pathogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: wells.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: fecal

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Open defecation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: fecal pathogens in water. Open defecation

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Open defecation

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Open defecation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: fecal pathogens in water.

text: On-the-water boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club to ensure that members are comfortable and safe.

text: On-the-water boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club to ensure that members are comfortable and safe.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is in contact with it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: On-the-water boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: On-the-water boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: On-the-water boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: On-the-water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: On-the-water boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: On-the-water boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: On-the-water boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: On-the-water boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: On-the-water boat safety classes are offered by Freedom Boat Club

text: The bay holds a small indigenous fishing population known as the Kolis. A large infrastructural project, the Bandra-Worli Sea Link, now links the two ends of the bay by a flyover bridge which reduced the commuting time between the suburbs and the city. During the monsoon season the sea waves hit against the walls and sometimes also enters the small byelanes. The bay is highly polluted due to the drainage of the polluted Mithi river into it. Mahim bay shifts according to the tide; during high tide, water rushes to the Bandra side and during low tide, the Worli side has much water. Recently tar deposits have been found in the bay. The bay is highly unsafe for swimming or Ganpathi immersion. The flooding situation is growing worse. Approximately the sea floods the area once a week. It reaches up to the walls of Bombay Scottish School. The school authorities are advised to shut their sea facing gates to ensure safety of the children.The most frightening situation occurred after the start of the Bandra-Worli Sea Link project. the waves entered the small byelanes with great velocity . The Cafe Coffee Day and the Barista outlets were nearly touched by the rising waves.The citizens living on the sea facing side of the Veer Savarkar Marg have been warned repeatedly of building checkwalls to prevent loss of lives and destruction of any movable or immovable property. The students of Bombay Scottish School are also repeatedly told not to go on the beach for safety reasons. The environmentalists in that area have said that the bay has come ahead nearly by 100 metres . This bay is a cause of concern for the local bodies. It is predicted that the waves will nearly submerge Shivaji Park if their arrival to the shore is so fast. The land at the bay has sunk by 5 mm due to the rampant erosion due to the ferocious sea.

text: The bay holds a small indigenous fishing population known as the

text: Kolis

text: . A large infrastructural project, the

text: Bandra-Worli Sea Link

text: , now links the two ends of the bay by a flyover bridge which reduced the commuting time between the suburbs and the city. During the monsoon season the sea waves hit against the walls and sometimes also enters the small byelanes. The bay is highly polluted due to the drainage of the polluted Mithi river into it. Mahim bay shifts according to the tide; during high tide, water rushes to the Bandra side and during low tide, the Worli side has much water. Recently tar deposits have been found in the bay. The bay is highly unsafe for swimming or Ganpathi immersion. The flooding situation is growing worse. Approximately the sea floods the area once a week. It reaches up to the walls of

text: Bombay Scottish School

text: . The school authorities are advised to shut their sea facing gates to ensure safety of the children.The most frightening situation occurred after the start of the

text: Bandra-Worli Sea Link

text: project. the waves entered the small byelanes with great velocity . The

text: Cafe Coffee Day

text: and the

text: Barista

text: outlets were nearly touched by the rising waves.The citizens living on the sea facing side of the Veer Savarkar Marg have been warned repeatedly of building checkwalls to prevent loss of lives and destruction of any movable or immovable property. The students of

text: Bombay Scottish School

text: are also repeatedly told not to go on the beach for safety reasons. The environmentalists in that area have said that the bay has come ahead nearly by 100 metres . This bay is a cause of concern for the local bodies. It is predicted that the waves will nearly submerge

text: Shivaji Park

text: if their arrival to the shore is so fast. The land at the bay has sunk by 5 mm due to the rampant erosion due to the ferocious sea.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluted

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: the bay is highly polluted

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Ganpathi immersion

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Which of the following is not true?

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Mithi river

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: checkwalls

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluted Mithi river

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drainage of the polluted Mithi river

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The bay is highly polluted

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Mithi river

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Ganpathi

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Veer Savarkar Marg have been warned repeatedly of building checkwalls

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: building checkwalls

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: told not to go on the beach for safety reasons.

text: Even in most seemingly pristine areas water needs treatment before consumption to protect against waterborne diseases carried by bacteria and protozoa. The chief treatment methods include:

text: Even in most seemingly pristine areas water needs treatment before consumption to protect against

text: waterborne diseases

text: carried by

text: bacteria

text: and

text: protozoa

text: . The chief treatment methods include:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: protozoa

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water treatment

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Even in most seemingly pristine areas water needs treatment before consumption

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: treatment before consumption to protect against waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water needs treatment before consumption

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water needs treatment before consumption

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: bacteria and protozoa.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bacteria and protozoa.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water needs treatment before consumption

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: treatment before consumption

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Even in most seemingly pristine areas water needs treatment before consumption

text: Some ultralight hikers reduce the weight of water purifying devices, carried to prevent waterborne diseases such as Giardiasis, Cryptosporidiosis and dysentery, by carrying lighter disinfectants as opposed to filters or Ultra Violet (UV) treatment devices. Some hikers carry no filtration device at all.

text: Some ultralight hikers reduce the weight of

text: water purifying

text: devices, carried to prevent

text: waterborne diseases

text: such as

text: Giardiasis

text: Cryptosporidiosis

text: and

text: dysentery

text: , by carrying lighter

text: disinfectants

text: as opposed to

text: filters

text: or Ultra Violet (UV) treatment devices. Some hikers carry no filtration device at all.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Cryptosporidiosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Some ultralight hikers reduce the weight of water purifying devices,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water purifying devices,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: dysentery,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Giardiasis, Cryptosporidiosis

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Giardiasis,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Giardiasis,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Some hikers carry no filtration device at all.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Some hikers carry no filtration device at all.

text: In the developing world, for decades, universal access to water and sanitation has been seen as the essential step in reducing the preventable ID burden, but it is now clear that this is best achieved by programs that integrate hygiene promotion with improvements in water quality and availability, and sanitation. About 2 million people die every year due to diarrheal diseases, most of them are children less than 5 years of age. The most affected are the populations in developing countries, living in extreme conditions of poverty, normally peri-urban dwellers or rural inhabitants. Providing access to sufficient quantities of safe water, the provision of facilities for a sanitary disposal of excreta, and introducing sound hygiene behaviors are of capital importance to reduce the burden of disease caused by these risk factors.

text: In the developing world, for decades, universal access to water and

text: sanitation

text: has been seen as the essential step in reducing the preventable ID burden, but it is now clear that this is best achieved by programs that integrate hygiene promotion with improvements in water quality and availability, and

text: sanitation

text: . About 2 million people die every year due to diarrheal diseases, most of them are children less than 5 years of age. The most affected are the populations in developing countries, living in extreme conditions of poverty, normally peri-urban dwellers or rural inhabitants. Providing access to sufficient quantities of safe water, the provision of facilities for a sanitary disposal of excreta, and introducing sound hygiene behaviors are of capital importance to reduce the burden of disease caused by these risk factors.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: universal access

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: risk factors

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrheal diseases

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 2 million people die every year due to diarrheal diseases,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: universal

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: risk factors.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: poverty,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: About 2 million people die every year due to diarrheal diseases,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrheal

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 2 million people die every year due to diarrheal diseases,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: programs that integrate hygiene promotion with improvements in water quality and availability, and sanitation.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The most affected are the populations in developing countries,

text: Despite having frogmen and an array of waterborne characters and vehicles, the Action Force universe still included some cross-over with the SAS Force also including frogmen two water-based characters Stakeout (an SBS-style commando) and Beaver (a kayak pilot) although these characters were used for inland waterways whilst Q Force dealt with marine-based scenarios.

text: Despite having frogmen and an array of waterborne characters and vehicles, the Action Force universe still included some cross-over with the

text: SAS Force

text: also including frogmen two water-based characters Stakeout (an

text: SBS

text: -style commando) and Beaver (a kayak pilot) although these characters were used for inland

text: waterway

text: s whilst Q Force dealt with marine-based scenarios.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a pathogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: inland waterways

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: inland waterways

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Despite having frogmen

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: SAS Force

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: frogmen

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Despite having frogmen

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Despite having frogmen

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: inland waterways

text: The report concludes that the high amounts of lead in the drinking water may have led to a slight rise of the blood levels; however, it claimed that "no children were identified with BLLs >10µg/dL, even in homes with the highest water lead levels". It notes that 10 µg/dL was "CDC's BLL of concern for children" since 1991. The report also claimed that the average levels were sinking with time. On the other hand, the report found some cases of children with BLLs > 5 µg/dL; and also stated that actually "no safe BLL has been identified". Therefore, the report recommends that efforts should be made to eliminate lead in children's blood entirely, and in particular, that the authorities should take measures to ensure that the amount of lead in drinking water always should be less than 15 PPM.

text: The report concludes that the high amounts of lead in the drinking water may have led to a slight rise of the blood levels; however, it claimed that "no children were identified with

text: BLL

text: s >10µg/dL, even in homes with the highest water lead levels". It notes that 10 µg/dL was "CDC's BLL of concern for children" since 1991. The report also claimed that the average levels were sinking with time. On the other hand, the report found some cases of children with BLLs > 5 µg/dL; and also stated that actually "no safe BLL has been identified". Therefore, the report recommends that efforts should be made to eliminate lead in children's blood entirely, and in particular, that the authorities should take measures to ensure that the amount of lead in drinking water always should be less than 15 PPM.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with toxins

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: lead in the drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 15 PPM.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: high amounts of lead in the drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 15 PPM.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: lead in the drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 15 PPM.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: >10<unk>g/dL,

text: The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 was introduced in the wake of the Exxon Valdez oil spill of 1989.  Under this legislation every ship entering United States waters has to prove evidence of its ability to pay for the consequences of oil pollution.

text: The

text: Oil Pollution Act of 1990

text: was introduced in the wake of the

text: Exxon Valdez oil spill

text: of 1989.  Under this legislation every ship entering United States waters has to prove evidence of its ability to pay for the consequences of

text: oil pollution

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oil is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Oil Pollution Act of 1990

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: The Oil Pollution Act of 1990

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: oil pollution.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oil spill

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Oil Pollution Act of 1990

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: States

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Exxon Valdez oil spill of 1989.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Oil Pollution Act of 1990

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Oil Pollution Act of 1990

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Oil Pollution Act of 1990

text: Founders of microscopy, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke, used the newly invented microscope to observe for the first time small material particles that were suspended in the water, laying the groundwork for the future understanding of waterborne pathogens and waterborne diseases.

text: Founders of

text: microscopy

text: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

text: and

text: Robert Hooke

text: , used the newly invented

text: microscope

text: to observe for the first time small material particles that were suspended in the water, laying the groundwork for the future understanding of waterborne pathogens and

text: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: small material particles

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Founders of microscopy,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Founders of microscopy,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne pathogens and waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: waterborne pathogens

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: waterborne pathogens

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne pathogens and waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: waterborne pathogens

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: waterborne pathogens and waterborne diseases.

text: Access to improved water supply and sanitation in the UK is universal. It isestimated that 96.7% of households are connected to the sewer network. According to the Environment Agency, total water abstraction for public water supply in the UK was 16,406 megalitres per day in 2007. In England and Wales the economic regulator of water companies is the Water Services Regulation Authority (Ofwat). The Environment Agency is responsible for environmental regulation, and the Drinking Water Inspectorate for regulating drinking water quality. The economic water industry regulator in Scotland is the Water Industry Commission for Scotland and the environmental regulator is the Scottish Environment Protection Agency. Drinking water standards and wastewater discharge standards in the UK, as in other countries of the European Union, are determined by the EU (see Water supply and sanitation in the European Union).

text: Access to improved water supply and sanitation in the UK is universal. It isestimated that 96.7% of households are connected to the sewer network. According to the Environment Agency, total water abstraction for public water supply in the UK was 16,406

text: megalitre

text: s per day in 2007. In England and Wales the economic regulator of water companies is the

text: Water Services Regulation Authority

text: (Ofwat). The

text: Environment Agency

text: is responsible for environmental regulation, and the

text: Drinking Water Inspectorate

text: for regulating drinking water quality. The economic water industry regulator in

text: Scotland

text: is the Water Industry Commission for Scotland and the environmental regulator is the

text: Scottish Environment Protection Agency

text: . Drinking water standards and wastewater discharge standards in the UK, as in other countries of the

text: European Union

text: , are determined by the EU (see

text: Water supply and sanitation in the European Union

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: universal

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 96.7% of households are connected to the sewer network.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: universal.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: universal.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sanitation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: the Drinking Water Inspectorate for regulating drinking water quality.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 16,406 megalitres per day in 2007. In England and Wales

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 96.7% of households are connected to the sewer network.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 96.7% of households are connected to the sewer network.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 96.7% of households are connected to the sewer network.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Access to improved water supply and sanitation in the UK

text: The medieval Persian doctor Avicenna records the presence of several parasites in animals and in his patients including Guinea worm, threadworms, tapeworms, and the Ascaris worm. This followed a tradition of Arab medical writings spanning over 1000 years in the area near the Red Sea. However, the Arabs never made the connection between parasites and the diseases they caused.As with Greek and Roman texts, the Guinea worm is very well documented in Middle Eastern medical texts. Several Assyrian documents in the library of King Ashurbanipal refer to an affliction which has been interpreted as Guinea worm disease. In Egypt, the Ebers Papyrus contains one of the few references to hookworm disease in ancient texts. This disease does not have very specific symptoms and was vaguely mentioned. However vague the reference, it is one of the few that connect the disease to the hookworm parasite. Another documented disease is elephantiasis. Symptoms of this disease are highly visible, since it causes extreme swelling in the limbs, breasts, and genitals. A number of surviving statues indicate that Pharaoh Mentuhotep II is likely to have suffered from elephantiasis. This disease was well known to Arab physicians and Avicenna, who noted specific differences between elephantiasis and leprosy.That the disease schistosomiasis was extremely common in Ancient Egyptis suggested by mummified evidence, but it is not specifically documented in surviving texts. Other names for this disease include bilharzia, Katayama disease, Red Water fever, snail fever, and big belly. The only really defining symptom is bloody urine, but this can easily be overlooked as several other diseases exhibit the same symptom. However, the main reason it was not documented is probably because it was simply so common. In the same way, the Greeks and Romans did not acknowledge the existence of colds and coughs because of how common they were.

text: The medieval Persian doctor

text: Avicenna

text: records the presence of several

text: parasites

text: in

text: animal

text: s and in his

text: patient

text: s including

text: Guinea worm

text: , threadworms,

text: tapeworms

text: , and the

text: Ascaris worm

text: . This followed a tradition of

text: Arab

text: medical writings spanning over 1000 years in the area near the

text: Red Sea

text: . However, the

text: Arabs

text: never made the connection between

text: parasites

text: and the

text: disease

text: s they caused.As with

text: Greek

text: and

text: Roman

text: texts, the

text: Guinea worm

text: is very well documented in

text: Middle East

text: ern medical texts. Several

text: Assyria

text: n

text: document

text: s in the

text: library

text: of King

text: Ashurbanipal

text: refer to an affliction which has been interpreted as

text: Guinea worm disease

text: . In

text: Egypt

text: , the

text: Ebers Papyrus

text: contains one of the few references to

text: hookworm

text: disease

text: in ancient texts. This disease does not have very specific

text: symptom

text: s and was vaguely mentioned. However vague the reference, it is one of the few that connect the disease to the hookworm

text: parasite

text: . Another documented disease is elephantiasis. Symptoms of this disease are highly visible, since it causes extreme swelling in the limbs, breasts, and

text: genitals

text: . A number of surviving

text: statue

text: s indicate that

text: Pharaoh

text: Mentuhotep II

text: is likely to have suffered from elephantiasis. This disease was well known to

text: Arab

text: physician

text: s and

text: Avicenna

text: , who noted specific differences between elephantiasis and

text: leprosy

text: .That the disease

text: schistosomiasis

text: was extremely common in

text: Ancient Egypt

text: is suggested by mummified evidence, but it is not specifically documented in surviving texts. Other names for this disease include

text: bilharzia

text: Katayama disease

text: Red Water fever

text: snail fever

text: , and

text: big belly

text: . The only really defining symptom is bloody

text: urine

text: , but this can easily be overlooked as several other diseases exhibit the same symptom. However, the main reason it was not documented is probably because it was simply so common. In the same way, the

text: Greeks

text: and

text: Romans

text: did not acknowledge the existence of colds and coughs because of how common they were.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: parasites

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a parasite

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Red Water fever

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Why do people in developed nations think much about waterborne diseases?

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Red Water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: elephantiasis.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: parasites

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: common.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: bloody urine,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: schistosomiasis

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Red Water fever,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: bloody urine,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: bloody urine,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: elephantiasis.

text: Changa Manga Forest can now very safely be termed as Back to Track. Water scarcity was the first reason of plant disease and failure. The present forest administration negotiated with the irrigation department and took full sanctioned discharge of 113 cusecs for the forest for all seasons. This step alone has brought very positive results and forest is Green again.

text: Changa Manga Forest can now very safely be termed as Back to Track. Water scarcity was the first reason of plant disease and failure. The present forest administration negotiated with the irrigation department and took full sanctioned discharge of 113 cusecs for the forest for all seasons. This step alone has brought very positive results and forest is Green again.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: plant diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: plant disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: plant disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 113

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: plant disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water scarcity

text: Environment - current issues:air pollution, especially in urban areas, from vehicle emissions, refinery operations, and industrial effluents; deforestation; desertification; oil pollution in the Persian Gulf; wetland losses from drought; soil degradation (salination); inadequate supplies of potable water in some areas; water pollution from raw sewage and industrial waste; urbanization.

text: Environment - current issues:

text: air pollution

text: , especially in urban areas, from vehicle emissions, refinery operations, and industrial effluents;

text: deforestation

text: desertification

text: oil pollution

text: in the

text: Persian Gulf

text: ; wetland losses from drought;

text: soil degradation

text: salination

text: ); inadequate supplies of

text: potable water

text: in some areas;

text: water pollution

text: from raw

text: sewage

text: and industrial waste;

text: urbanization

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with viruses

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: inadequate supplies of potable water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: inadequate supplies of potable water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: industrial effluents;

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: raw sewage and industrial waste;

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution from raw sewage and industrial waste;

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: raw sewage

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: raw sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: raw sewage and industrial waste;

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water pollution from raw sewage and industrial waste;

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water pollution from raw sewage and industrial waste;

text: Point source water pollution comes from discrete conveyances and alters the chemical, biological, and physical characteristics of water. In the United States, it is largely regulated by the Clean Water Act (CWA). Among other things, the Act requires dischargers to obtain a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit to legally discharge pollutants into a water body. However, point source pollution remains an issue in some water bodies, due to some limitations of the Act. Consequently, other regulatory approaches have emerged, such as water quality trading and voluntary community-level efforts.

text: Point source

text: water pollution comes from discrete conveyances and alters the chemical, biological, and physical characteristics of water. In the United States, it is largely regulated by the

text: Clean Water Act

text: (CWA). Among other things, the Act requires dischargers to obtain a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit to legally discharge pollutants into a water body. However, point source pollution remains an issue in some water bodies, due to some limitations of the Act. Consequently, other regulatory approaches have emerged, such as water quality trading and voluntary community-level efforts.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: point source water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Point source water pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Point source water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Point source water pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: United States,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Point source water pollution comes from discrete conveyances

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Point source water pollution comes from discrete conveyances

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: voluntary community-level efforts.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: In the United States,

text: The Mini was modified during its production to improve its safety. In 1974 a prototype Mini experimental safety vehicle was built, the Mini Clubman SRV4. It featured a longer crumple zone, a "pedestrian friendly" front-end, run-flat tyres, strengthened door sills, extra internal padding and recessed door handles, the latter having been used earlier on Australian-built Minis owing to local laws. Jack Daniels, one of the original Issigonis team, is stated to have been working on further safety improvements for the Mini when he retired in 1977.  Several times it was thought that safety regulations would stop Mini production  Safety improved in 1996, with the introduction of airbags and side-impact bars.  The Mini, challenged by increasingly demanding European safety and pollution standards, was planned by British Aerospace to be taken out of production in 1996, but BMW chose to invest to keep the Mini legal until the launch of a new model.

text: The Mini was modified during its production to improve its safety. In 1974 a prototype Mini experimental safety vehicle was built, the Mini Clubman SRV4. It featured a longer

text: crumple zone

text: , a "pedestrian friendly" front-end, run-flat tyres, strengthened door sills, extra internal padding and recessed door handles, the latter having been used earlier on Australian-built Minis owing to local laws.

text: Jack Daniels

text: , one of the original Issigonis team, is stated to have been working on further safety improvements for the Mini when he retired in 1977.  Several times it was thought that safety regulations would stop Mini production  Safety improved in 1996, with the introduction of

text: airbag

text: s and side-impact bars.  The Mini, challenged by increasingly demanding European safety and pollution standards, was planned by

text: British Aerospace

text: to be taken out of production in 1996, but BMW chose to invest to keep the Mini legal until the launch of a

text: new model

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person ingests it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Issigonis

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1996, with the introduction of airbags and side-impact bars.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution standards,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: increasingly demanding European safety and pollution standards,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Mini Clubman SRV4.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Mini Clubman SRV4.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Issigonis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Mini Clubman SRV4.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: airbags and side-impact bars.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Mini was modified during its production to improve its safety.

text: Generally speaking the more developed countries of North America, Europe and Russia will not see a serious threat to water supply by the year 2025, not only because of their relative wealth, but more importantly their populations will be better aligned with available water resources.  North Africa, the Middle East, South Africa and northern China will face very severe water shortages due to physical scarcity and a condition of overpopulation relative to their carrying capacity with respect to water supply.  Most of South America, Sub-Saharan Africa, Southern China and India will face water supply shortages by 2025; for these latter regions the causes of scarcity will be economic constraints to developing safe drinking water, as well as excessive population growth.

text: Generally speaking the more developed countries of

text: North America

text: Europe

text: and Russia will not see a serious threat to water supply by the year 2025, not only because of their relative wealth, but more importantly their populations will be better aligned with available water resources.  North Africa, the Middle East,

text: South Africa

text: and northern China will face very severe water shortages due to physical scarcity and a condition of overpopulation relative to their

text: carrying capacity

text: with respect to water supply.  Most of

text: South America

text: Sub-Saharan

text: Africa, Southern China and India will face water supply shortages by 2025; for these latter regions the causes of scarcity will be economic constraints to developing safe drinking water, as well as excessive

text: population growth

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: India will face water supply shortages by 2025;

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: North America,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: threat to water supply by the year 2025,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: excessive population growth.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: North Africa,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: North Africa,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: North Africa,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: North Africa, the Middle East, South Africa and northern China

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: economic constraints to developing safe drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: North America, Europe and Russia

text: Air pollution comes from both natural and human-made (anthropogenic) sources. However, globally human-made pollutants from combustion, construction, mining, agriculture and warfare are increasingly significant in the air pollution equation.

text: Air pollution comes from both natural and human-made (anthropogenic) sources. However, globally human-made pollutants from combustion, construction, mining, agriculture and warfare are increasingly significant in the air pollution equation.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: anthropogenic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: human-made pollutants

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: globally

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: (anthropogenic) sources.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: human-made

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: globally

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: warfare

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Air pollution comes from both natural and human-made (anthropogenic) sources.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Air pollution

text: K38 and Shawn Alladio were awarded the 1998 National Water Safety Congress Regional Award from the WSC. and the National Safe Boating Council.

text: K38 and Shawn Alladio were awarded the 1998 National Water Safety Congress Regional Award from the WSC. and the National Safe Boating Council.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is in contact with it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: K38

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: K38

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water Safety

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water Safety Congress Regional Award from the WSC.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 1998 National Water Safety Congress Regional Award

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Water Safety Congress

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water Safety

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: K38

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 1998 National Water Safety Congress Regional Award

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 1998 National Water Safety Congress Regional Award

text: Out of 17 municipalities, 14 have Level III water supply systems serving 18,590 households or about 32.57 percent of the total provincial households. Level III has a reservoir with house-to-house connections. 5,252 households were serviced by Level II water systems and 24,700 households by Level I water system. Level I category is a common facility where the community members get their water supply from deep wells and shallow wells, while Level II has a reservoir with communal faucet. Based on the report from the Provincial Health Office in 2007, a total of 48,542 households out of the 57,079 or 85.04 percent have access to safe drinking water.

text: Out of 17 municipalities, 14 have Level III

text: water supply

text: systems serving 18,590 households or about 32.57 percent of the total provincial households. Level III has a

text: reservoir

text: with house-to-house connections. 5,252 households were serviced by Level II water systems and 24,700 households by Level I water system. Level I category is a common facility where the community members get their water supply from

text: deep wells

text: and

text: shallow wells

text: , while Level II has a reservoir with communal faucet. Based on the report from the Provincial Health Office in 2007, a total of 48,542 households out of the 57,079 or 85.04 percent have access to safe

text: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 85.04 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: level III water supply systems

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 32.57 percent of the total provincial households.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 85.04

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: deep wells and shallow wells,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 85.04 percent have access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 57,079

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Provincial Health Office in 2007,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 85.04 percent have access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 85.04 percent have access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 85.04 percent have access to safe drinking water.

text: Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia is characterized by challenges and achievements. One of the main challenges is water scarcity. In order to overcome water scarcity, substantial investments have been undertaken in seawater desalination, water distribution, sewerage and wastewater treatment. Today about 50% of drinking water comes from desalination, 40% from the mining of non-renewable groundwater and only 10% from surface water in the mountainous South-West of the country. The capital Riyadh, located in the heart of the country, is supplied with desalinated water pumped from the Persian Gulf over a distance of 467 km. Water is provided almost for free to residential users. Despite improvements service quality remains poor, for example in terms of continuity of supply. Another challenge is weak institutional capacity and governance, reflecting general characteristics of the public sector in Saudi Arabia. Among the achievements is a significant increase in desalination and in access to water, the expansion of wastewater treatment, as well as the use of treated effluent for the irrigation of urban green spaces and for agriculture.

text: Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia is characterized by challenges and achievements. One of the main challenges is water scarcity. In order to overcome water scarcity, substantial investments have been undertaken in

text: seawater desalination

text: , water distribution, sewerage and wastewater treatment. Today about 50% of drinking water comes from desalination, 40% from the mining of non-renewable groundwater and only 10% from surface water in the mountainous South-West of the country. The capital

text: Riyadh

text: , located in the heart of the country, is supplied with desalinated water pumped from the

text: Persian Gulf

text: over a distance of 467 km. Water is provided almost for free to residential users. Despite improvements service quality remains poor, for example in terms of continuity of supply. Another challenge is weak institutional capacity and

text: governance

text: , reflecting general characteristics of the public sector in Saudi Arabia. Among the achievements is a significant increase in desalination and in access to water, the expansion of wastewater treatment, as well as the use of treated effluent for the irrigation of urban green spaces and for agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Persian Gulf

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 50%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 50% of drinking water comes from desalination,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 50%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: continuity of supply.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 50% of drinking water comes from desalination,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: substantial investments have been undertaken in seawater desalination,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 50% of drinking water comes from desalination,

text: Environmental Assessment has little to do with the subject of hazardous substance liability, but rather is a study preliminary to an Environmental Impact Statement, which identifies environmental impacts of a land development action and analyzes a broad set of parameters including biodiversity, environmental noise, water pollution, air pollution, traffic, geotechnical risks, visual impacts, public safety issues and also hazardous substance issues.

text: Environmental Assessment has little to do with the subject of hazardous substance liability, but rather is a study preliminary to an

text: Environmental Impact Statement

text: , which identifies environmental impacts of a land development action and analyzes a broad set of parameters including

text: biodiversity

text: environmental noise

text: water pollution

text: air pollution

text: traffic

text: geotechnical

text: risks, visual impacts, public safety issues and also hazardous substance issues.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: hazardous substance

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Environmental Assessment

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Environmental Impact Statement,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: hazardous substance

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Environmental Assessment

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Environmental Assessment

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Environmental Assessment

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Environmental Assessment

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Environmental Assessment

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Environmental Assessment

text: The pathogen is the Ichabob virus, a waterborne disease that infects people because the water company switched to ultraviolet germicidal irradiation instead of water chlorination to save money.

text: The pathogen is the Ichabob virus, a

text: waterborne disease

text: that infects people because the water company switched to

text: ultraviolet germicidal irradiation

text: instead of

text: water chlorination

text: to save money.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: viruses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: irradiation is not effective

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Ichabob virus

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Ichabob virus,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: chlorination

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: ultraviolet germicidal irradiation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Ichabob virus,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Ichabob virus,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Ichabob virus,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Ichabob virus,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: ultraviolet germicidal irradiation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: ultraviolet germicidal irradiation

text: Light pollution is a growing problem in reaction to excess light being given off by numerous signs, houses, and buildings. Polluting light is often wasted light involving unnecessary energy costs and carbon dioxide emissions. Light pollution is described as artificial light that is excessive or intrudes where it is not wanted. Well-designed lighting sends light only where it is needed without scattering it elsewhere. Poorly designed lighting can also compromise safety. For example, glare creates safety issues around buildings by causing very sharp shadows, temporarily blinding passersby making them vulnerable to would-be assailants. The ecologic effects of artificial light have been documented. The World Health Organization in 2007  issued a report that noted the effects of bright light on flora and fauna, sea turtle hatchlings, frogs during mating season and the migratory patterns of birds. The American Medical Association in 2012 issued a warning that extended exposure to light at night increases the risk of some cancers. Two studies in Israel from 2008 have yielded some additional findings about a possible correlation between artificial light at night and certain cancers.

text: Light pollution

text: is a growing problem in reaction to excess light being given off by numerous signs, houses, and buildings. Polluting light is often wasted light involving unnecessary energy costs and carbon dioxide emissions. Light pollution is described as artificial light that is excessive or intrudes where it is not wanted. Well-designed lighting sends light only where it is needed without scattering it elsewhere. Poorly designed lighting can also compromise safety. For example, glare creates safety issues around buildings by causing very sharp shadows, temporarily blinding passersby making them vulnerable to would-be assailants. The ecologic effects of artificial light have been documented. The World Health Organization in 2007  issued a report that noted the effects of bright light on flora and fauna, sea turtle hatchlings, frogs during mating season and the migratory patterns of birds. The American Medical Association in 2012 issued a warning that extended exposure to light at night increases the risk of some cancers. Two studies in Israel from 2008 have yielded some additional findings about a possible correlation between artificial light at night and certain cancers.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: cancers

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure to light

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: frogs

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Light pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: World Health Organization

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Light pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Light pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Light pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: frogs

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: frogs

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Light pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Light pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Light pollution

text: The College faculty runs interdisciplinary research programs on brain disease and repair, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Stroke; aging studies; Cardiovascular disease; children's health; Patient safety; Cell therapy; and Infectious disease & Biodefense.

text: The College faculty runs interdisciplinary research programs on brain disease and repair, such as

text: Alzheimer's disease

text: Parkinson's disease

text: , and

text: Stroke

text: ; aging studies;

text: Cardiovascular disease

text: ; children's health;

text: Patient safety

text: Cell therapy

text: ; and

text: Infectious disease

text: Biodefense

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Infectious

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with viruses

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Stroke

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Infectious disease

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Stroke;

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Stroke; aging studies; Cardiovascular disease;

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Infectious disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Cell therapy; and Infectious disease & Biodefense.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Infectious disease & Biodefense.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Infectious disease & Biodefense.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Stroke;

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Infectious disease & Biodefense.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Infectious disease & Biodefense.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Infectious disease & Biodefense.

text: Welsch made it clear that his ruling only applies "to the work trainers do during shows and not at other times, such as during medical procedures or 'relationship-building' sessions... As a custodian SeaWorld has an ethical duty to provide for the whales' needs... husbandry activities require a certain amount of contact between the trainers and whales... unlike performances, which can successfully continue without the trainers in the water." OSHA did state that it would accept other means of protection as long as it provided equal or greater safety as the physical barriers. SeaWorld looked at rising pool floors and "spare air" systems in an attempt to get their staff back in the water during shows. Given the court rulings, even after 2010, although water work during shows stopped, SeaWorld trainers still entered the water with orcas during "safety desensitization training" and for other care.

text: Welsch made it clear that his ruling only applies "to the work trainers do during shows and not at other times, such as during medical procedures or 'relationship-building' sessions... As a custodian SeaWorld has an ethical duty to provide for the whales' needs... husbandry activities require a certain amount of contact between the trainers and whales... unlike performances, which can successfully continue without the trainers in the water." OSHA did state that it would accept other means of protection as long as it provided equal or greater safety as the physical barriers. SeaWorld looked at rising pool floors and "spare air" systems in an attempt to get their staff back in the water during shows. Given the court rulings, even after 2010, although water work during shows stopped, SeaWorld trainers still entered the water with orcas during "safety desensitization training" and for other care.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contact between the trainers and whales

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: medical procedures or'relationship-building' sessions...

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2010,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: medical procedures

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contact between the trainers and whales...

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: medical procedures or'relationship-building' sessions...

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2010,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: medical procedures

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: medical procedures or'relationship-building' sessions...

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: rising pool floors and "spare air" systems

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: medical procedures or'relationship-building' sessions...

text: The field emerged as a separate environmental discipline during the middle third of the 20th century in response to widespread public concern about water and pollution and increasingly extensive environmental quality degradation. However, its roots extend back to early efforts in public health engineering. Modern environmental engineering began in London in the mid-19th century when Joseph Bazalgette designed the first major sewerage system that reduced the incidence of waterborne diseases such as cholera. The introduction of drinking water treatment and sewage treatment in industrialized countries reduced waterborne diseases from leading causes of death to rarities.

text: The field emerged as a separate environmental discipline during the middle third of the 20th century in response to widespread public concern about water and pollution and increasingly extensive environmental quality degradation. However, its roots extend back to early efforts in public health engineering. Modern environmental engineering began in

text: London

text: in the mid-19th century when

text: Joseph Bazalgette

text: designed the first major

text: sewerage

text: system that reduced the incidence of waterborne diseases such as

text: cholera

text: . The introduction of drinking water treatment and sewage treatment in industrialized countries reduced waterborne diseases from leading causes of death to rarities.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: industrialized

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Joseph Bazalgette

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: industrialized countries

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: widespread public concern about water and pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: cholera.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: cholera.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: drinking water treatment and sewage treatment

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: major sewerage system

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: industrialized countries reduced waterborne diseases from leading causes of death to rarities.

text: 1. Drinking water: Water scarcity that grappled the people of Singngat since time immemorial is expected to be a thing of the past. Areas around Singngat township including the villages of Sumchinvum, Haiyang, Lhaiyang, Muallum, Tangpizawl, Muvanlai, Khomunnuom, Sialnah, Lancha, Teikot, Likhai, Munpi, Simbuk etc. will be supplied with pure drinking water with the installation of a major water supply project by pumping water from Tuitha or Tuivai rivers that will be stored in reservoirs at different locations.

text: 1. Drinking water: Water scarcity that grappled the people of Singngat since time immemorial is expected to be a thing of the past. Areas around Singngat township including the villages of Sumchinvum, Haiyang, Lhaiyang, Muallum, Tangpizawl, Muvanlai, Khomunnuom, Sialnah, Lancha, Teikot, Likhai, Munpi, Simbuk etc. will be supplied with pure drinking water with the installation of a major water supply project by pumping water from Tuitha or Tuivai rivers that will be stored in reservoirs at different locations.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Tuitha

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: a thing of the past.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Muvanlai, Khomunnuom,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Drinking water:

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: pure drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Muvanlai, Khomunnuom,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Muvanlai, Khomunnuom,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: major water supply project

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: pure drinking water

text: Despite being one of the melting pot of southern Indian Coastal ecological site, this lake is hardly explored by nature lovers and environmental enthusiasts.  90% of the shores of this lake are not accessible through roads, which is also the main reason for its abundance of flora and fauna. One must take care of dangerous sinking peats and bogs while wading through these swamps. Also, these swamps are infested with mites and bugs that are carriers of most feared filariasis, malaria and other waterborne diseases. Hence the trekkers are advised to carry bugs repellant creams and thick boots. As this lake is always isolated and noticing another human is almost impossible in its 20 km vicinity, explorers are advised to carry sufficient food, water and other essential items.

text: Despite being one of the melting pot of southern Indian Coastal ecological site, this lake is hardly explored by nature lovers and environmental enthusiasts.  90% of the shores of this lake are not accessible through roads, which is also the main reason for its abundance of flora and fauna. One must take care of dangerous sinking peats and bogs while wading through these swamps. Also, these swamps are infested with mites and bugs that are carriers of most feared filariasis, malaria and other waterborne diseases. Hence the trekkers are advised to carry bugs repellant creams and thick boots. As this lake is always isolated and noticing another human is almost impossible in its 20 km vicinity, explorers are advised to carry sufficient food, water and other essential items.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: mites and bugs

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: malaria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Indian Coastal ecological site,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 90% of the shores of this lake are not accessible through roads,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: filariasis, malaria

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: malaria

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: malaria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: mites and bugs

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: bugs repellant creams and thick boots.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: filariasis, malaria

text: The Safe Drinking Water Act sets primary and secondary standards for drinking water. Each Philadelphian uses an average of 80 to 100 gallons of water per day; the city's three modern water treatment plants have a combined, design-rated capacity to treat 540 million gallons of water per day. While there is some variation among the plants, the drinking water treatment process occurs through a number of steps.

text: The

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

text: sets primary and secondary standards for

text: drinking water

text: . Each Philadelphian uses an average of 80 to 100 gallons of water per day; the city's three modern water treatment plants have a combined, design-rated capacity to treat 540 million gallons of water per day. While there is some variation among the plants, the drinking water treatment process occurs through a number of steps.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: toxic bacteria can quickly become dangerous because

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 540 million gallons of water per day.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act sets primary and secondary standards for drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 540 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act sets primary and secondary standards for drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act sets primary and secondary standards for drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 540 million gallons of water per day.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act sets primary and secondary standards for drinking water.

text: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment. Wild fisheries flourish in oceans, lakes, and rivers, and the introduction of contaminants is an issue of concern, especially as regards plastics, pesticides, heavy metals, and other industrial and agricultural pollutants which do not disintegrate rapidly in the environment. Land run-off and industrial, agricultural, and domestic waste enter rivers and are discharged into the sea. Pollution from ships is also a problem.

text: Pollution

text: is the introduction of contaminants into an environment. Wild fisheries flourish in oceans, lakes, and rivers, and the introduction of contaminants is an issue of concern, especially as regards plastics, pesticides, heavy metals, and other industrial and agricultural pollutants which do not disintegrate rapidly in the environment. Land run-off and industrial, agricultural, and domestic waste enter rivers and are discharged into the sea.

text: Pollution from ships

text: is also a problem.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluted water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment. Wild fisheries

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: oceans,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: do not disintegrate rapidly in the environment.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: plastics, pesticides,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: oceans,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pesticides,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Pollution from ships is also a problem.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Pollution

text: Polluting water may be the biggest single misuse of water; to the extent that a pollutant limits other uses of the water, it becomes a waste of the resource, regardless of benefits to the polluter. Like other types of pollution, this does not enter standard accounting of market costs, being conceived as externalities for which the market cannot account. Thus other people pay the price of water pollution, while the private firms' profits are not redistributed to the local population, victims of this pollution. Pharmaceuticals consumed by humans often end up in the waterways and can have detrimental effects on aquatic life if they bioaccumulate and if they are not biodegradable.

text: Polluting water

text: may be the biggest single misuse of water; to the extent that a pollutant limits other uses of the water, it becomes a waste of the resource, regardless of benefits to the polluter. Like other types of pollution, this does not enter standard accounting of market costs, being conceived as

text: externalities

text: for which the market cannot account. Thus other people pay the price of water pollution, while the private firms' profits are not redistributed to the local population, victims of this pollution.

text: Pharmaceuticals

text: consumed by humans often end up in the waterways and can have detrimental effects on

text: aquatic

text: life if they

text: bioaccumulate

text: and if they are not

text: biodegradable

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they bioaccumulate

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Pharmaceuticals

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Polluting water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: local population,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: humans

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: bioaccumulate and if they are not biodegradable.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Polluting water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Polluting water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Pharmaceuticals

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Polluting water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: the private firms' profits are not redistributed to the local population,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Polluting water

text: In the industrial revolution many rivers in industrial areas became too polluted by effluents to be usable for water supply. The Dee however remained clean with relatively few polluting effluents in the Dee catchment upstream of Chester. Consequently, the City of Chester has been able to directly abstract Dee water since the first Chester Waterworks Company was formed in 1826.

text: In the industrial revolution many rivers in industrial areas became too polluted by effluents to be usable for water supply. The Dee however remained clean with relatively few polluting effluents in the Dee catchment upstream of Chester. Consequently, the City of

text: Chester

text: has been able to directly abstract Dee water since the first Chester Waterworks Company was formed in 1826.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Effluents

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluting effluents

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Dee

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: industrial revolution

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: effluents

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: effluents

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: effluents

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1826.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: effluents

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: effluents

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 1826.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: relatively few polluting effluents

text: Modern hand-operated community pumps are considered the most sustainable low-cost option for safe water supply in resource-poor settings, often in rural areas in developing countries. A hand pump opens access to deeper groundwater that is often not polluted and also improves the safety of a well by protecting the water source from contaminated buckets. Pumps such as the Afridev pump are designed to be cheap to build and install, and easy to maintain with simple parts. However, scarcity of spare parts for these type of pumps in some regions of Africa has diminished their utility for these areas.

text: Modern hand-operated community pumps are considered the most sustainable low-cost option for safe water supply in resource-poor settings, often in rural areas in developing countries. A hand pump opens access to deeper groundwater that is often not polluted and also improves the safety of a well by protecting the water source from contaminated buckets. Pumps such as the Afridev pump are designed to be cheap to build and install, and easy to maintain with simple parts. However, scarcity of spare parts for these type of pumps in some regions of Africa has diminished their utility for these areas.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated buckets

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminated buckets

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Modern hand-operated community pumps

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developing countries.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminated

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated buckets.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated buckets.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: developing countries.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminated buckets.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: contaminated buckets.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Modern hand-operated community pumps

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Modern hand-operated community pumps

text: Water bodies that do not meet applicable water quality standards with technology-based controls alone are placed on the section 303(d) list of water bodies not meeting standards. Water bodies on the 303(d) list require development of a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL). A TMDL is a calculation of the maximum amount of a pollutant that a water body can receive and still meet WQS.  The TMDL is determined after study of the specific properties of the water body and the pollutant sources that contribute to the non-compliant status. Generally, the TMDL determines load based on a Waste Load Allocation (WLA), Load Allocation (LA), and Margin of Safety (MOS)  Once the TMDL assessment is completed and the maximum pollutant loading capacity defined, an implementation plan is developed that outlines the measures needed to reduce pollutant loading to the non-compliant water body, and bring it into compliance.  Over 60,000 TMDLs are proposed or in development for U.S. waters in the next decade and a half.

text: Water bodies that do not meet applicable water quality standards with technology-based controls alone are placed on the section 303(d) list of water bodies not meeting standards. Water bodies on the 303(d) list require development of a

text: Total Maximum Daily Load

text: (TMDL). A TMDL is a calculation of the maximum amount of a pollutant that a water body can receive and still meet WQS.  The TMDL is determined after study of the specific properties of the water body and the pollutant sources that contribute to the non-compliant status. Generally, the TMDL determines load based on a Waste Load Allocation (WLA), Load Allocation (LA), and Margin of Safety (MOS)  Once the TMDL assessment is completed and the maximum pollutant loading capacity defined, an implementation plan is developed that outlines the measures needed to reduce pollutant loading to the non-compliant water body, and bring it into compliance.  Over 60,000 TMDLs are proposed or in development for U.S. waters in the next decade and a half.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: toxic bacteria can quickly become dangerous because

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 60,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water bodies

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 60,000

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: technology-based controls

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water bodies that do not meet applicable water quality standards

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 60,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water bodies that do not meet applicable water quality standards with technology-based controls

text: Air, water, and solid waste pollution are environmental health issues which can adversely affect people, plants, and animals. From an ethical standpoint many things about pollutants can be studied, like questions of disposal, storage, recycling, and responsibility. A few examples of air pollutants include particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, chlorofluorocarbons, and heavy metals (e.g. mercury). Perhaps the largest ethical debate concerning air pollution is how to balance economic development against the interests of the public health, safety, and cleanliness. With both sides offering benefits and drawbacks it can be difficult to establish an acceptable compromise. Legislation enacted to prevent widespread use of chlorofluorocarbons, which cause significant environmental damage, can be seen as one instance of economic development taking a lower priority to public health.

text: Air, water, and solid waste pollution are environmental health issues which can adversely affect people, plants, and animals. From an ethical standpoint many things about pollutants can be studied, like questions of disposal, storage, recycling, and responsibility. A few examples of air pollutants include particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, chlorofluorocarbons, and heavy metals (e.g. mercury). Perhaps the largest ethical debate concerning air pollution is how to balance economic development against the interests of the public health, safety, and cleanliness. With both sides offering benefits and drawbacks it can be difficult to establish an acceptable compromise. Legislation enacted to prevent widespread use of chlorofluorocarbons, which cause significant environmental damage, can be seen as one instance of economic development taking a lower priority to public health.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microorganisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: people are exposed to them

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Air, water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Air, water,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: environmental health issues which can adversely affect people, plants, and animals.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Air, water, and solid waste pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Air, water, and solid waste pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: nitrogen oxides,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: mercury).

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Air, water, and solid waste pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: economic development taking a lower priority to public health.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Air, water, and solid waste pollution

text: Orot Rabin has been accused of polluting the nearby Hadera Stream.  Greenpeace claims that the station pollutes the sea water when coal is unloaded from ships and the sea water used for cooling the plant ends up in the Hadera River which harms wildlife.

text: Orot Rabin has been accused of polluting the nearby

text: Hadera Stream

text: Greenpeace

text: claims that the station pollutes the sea water when coal is unloaded from ships and the sea water used for cooling the plant ends up in the Hadera River which harms wildlife.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluting the water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Hadera River

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Greenpeace claims that the station pollutes the sea water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: harms wildlife.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sea water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Hadera Stream.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Hadera Stream.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: wildlife.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Hadera Stream.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Greenpeace

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Greenpeace

text: Phytoremediation was used at Greenwich Peninsula Ecology Park to extract and degrade pollutants. Many willows (genus Salix) of various species and life stages are grown in the park. These deciduous plants are tolerant of toxins and pollutants and are hyperaccumulators, making them well-suited to phytoremediation. Willows can phytoremediate silver, chromium, mercury, lead, selenium, zinc and several other heavy metals and organic contaminants. Toxins and pollutants which exist in high concentrations in the soil pose a threat of leaking into water sources and causing health problems if not remedied. Willows were planted in Greenwich Peninsula Ecology Park with the goal of having their roots reach the water table to bioaccumulate (via osmosis) these hydrocarbons and other contaminants. Small contaminant molecules such as 1,4-dioxane are evaporated to the atmosphere where ultraviolet light breaks down the compound into harmless chemical. With good management, phytoremediation is an economical, effective and environmental friendly way to quickly remove contaminants in soil and water.

text: Phytoremediation

text: was used at Greenwich Peninsula Ecology Park to extract and degrade pollutants. Many willows (

text: genus

text: Salix) of various

text: species

text: and

text: life stages

text: are grown in the park. These

text: deciduous

text: plants are tolerant of

text: toxin

text: s and pollutants and are

text: hyperaccumulators

text: , making them well-suited to phytoremediation. Willows can phytoremediate

text: silver

text: chromium

text: mercury

text: lead

text: selenium

text: zinc

text: and several other

text: heavy metals

text: and

text: organic

text: contaminants. Toxins and pollutants which

text: exist in high concentrations in the soil

text: pose a threat of leaking into water sources and causing health problems if not remedied. Willows were planted in Greenwich Peninsula Ecology Park with the goal of having their

text: root

text: s reach the

text: water table

text: to

text: bioaccumulate

text: (via

text: osmosis

text: ) these

text: hydrocarbon

text: s and other contaminants. Small contaminant

text: molecule

text: s such as

text: are evaporated to the

text: atmosphere

text: where

text: ultraviolet

text: light

text: breaks down the compound into harmless chemical. With good management, phytoremediation is an economical, effective and

text: environmental friendly

text: way to quickly remove contaminants in soil and water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: toxins

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: if not remedied

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water sources and causing health problems if not remedied.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: chromium, mercury, lead, selenium, zinc

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: causing health problems

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: leaking into water sources

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: leaking into water sources and causing health problems if not remedied.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: zinc

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 1,4-dioxane

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Phytoremediation was used at Greenwich Peninsula Ecology Park

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: phytoremediation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: causing health problems

text: Water Safety Instructor certification focuses on preparing candidates to teach the Red Cross Swim programs, it teaches candidates to introduce and develop fitness activities, skills and water safety and swimming skills in several Red Cross programs. The WSI course is recognized by the National Coaching Certification Program (NCCP), Swimming Canada and the Coaching Association of Canada. To become a lifeguard in Canada, some employers require you also hold certification as a Water Safety Instructor.

text: Water Safety Instructor certification focuses on preparing candidates to teach the Red Cross Swim programs, it teaches candidates to introduce and develop fitness activities, skills and water safety and swimming skills in several Red Cross programs. The WSI course is recognized by the National Coaching Certification Program (NCCP), Swimming Canada and the Coaching Association of Canada. To become a

text: lifeguard

text: in Canada, some employers require you also hold certification as a Water Safety Instructor.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is exposed to it

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water Safety Instructor certification

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Red Cross Swim

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: fitness

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water safety and swimming skills

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water safety and swimming skills

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Swimming Canada

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Swim programs,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water Safety Instructor certification

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water Safety Instructor certification

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Canada,

text: The term economic water scarcity was used by the study to define situations where demand for water is not satisfied because of a lack of investment in water or a lack of human capacity.

text: The term

text: economic water scarcity

text: was used by the study to define situations where demand for water is not satisfied because of a lack of investment in water or a lack of human capacity.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The term economic water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: The term economic water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a lack of investment in water or a lack of human capacity.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: economic water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: economic water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: economic water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The term economic water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: economic water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: economic water scarcity

text: Many countries and governments aim to reduce water scarcity. The UN recognizes the importance of reducing the number of people without sustainable access to clean water and sanitation. The Millennium Development Goals within the United Nations Millennium Declaration aimed by 2015 to "halve the proportion of people who are unable to reach or to afford safe drinking water."

text: Many countries and governments aim to reduce water scarcity. The

text: UN

text: recognizes the importance of reducing the number of people without sustainable access to

text: clean water

text: and

text: sanitation

text: . The

text: Millennium Development Goals

text: within the

text: United Nations Millennium Declaration

text: aimed by 2015 to "halve the proportion of people who are unable to reach or to afford safe drinking water."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: halve

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: "halve the proportion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water."

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Many countries and governments aim to reduce water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: people without sustainable access to clean water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Many countries and governments aim to reduce water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Millennium Development Goals

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Many countries and governments aim to reduce water scarcity.

text: The regulatory mechanism in the United States, a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL), prescribes the maximum amount of a pollutant (including nutrients) that a body of water can receive while still meeting U.S. Clean Water Act water quality standards. Specifically, Section 303 of the Clean Water Act requires each state to generate a TMDL report for each body of water impaired by pollutants. TMDL reports identify pollutant levels and strategies to accomplish pollutant reduction goals. EPA has described TMDLs as establishing a pollutant budget then allocating portions of the overall budget to the pollutant's sources. For many coastal water bodies, the main pollutant issue is excess nutrients, also termed nutrient over-enrichment.A TMDL can prescribe the minimum level of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) available in a body of water, which is directly related to nutrient levels. (See Aquatic Hypoxia.) In 2010, 18 percent of TMDLs nationwide were related to nutrient levels  including organic enrichment/oxygen depletion, noxious plants, algal growth, and ammonia. In Long Island Sound the TMDL development process enabled the Connecticut Department of Environmental  Protection (CTDEP) and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) to incorporate a 58.5 percent nitrogen reduction target into a regulatory and legal framework.

text: The regulatory mechanism in the United States, a

text: Total Maximum Daily Load

text: (TMDL), prescribes the maximum amount of a pollutant (including nutrients) that a body of water can receive while still meeting U.S.

text: Clean Water Act

text: water quality standards. Specifically, Section 303 of the Clean Water Act requires each state to generate a TMDL report for each body of water impaired by pollutants. TMDL reports identify pollutant levels and strategies to accomplish pollutant reduction goals. EPA has described TMDLs as establishing a pollutant budget then allocating portions of the overall budget to the pollutant's sources. For many coastal water bodies, the main pollutant issue is excess nutrients, also termed nutrient over-enrichment.A TMDL can prescribe the minimum level of

text: Dissolved Oxygen

text: (DO) available in a body of water, which is directly related to nutrient levels. (See

text: Aquatic Hypoxia

text: .) In 2010, 18 percent of TMDLs nationwide were related to nutrient levels  including organic enrichment/oxygen depletion, noxious plants, algal growth, and ammonia. In

text: Long Island Sound

text: the TMDL development process enabled the Connecticut Department of Environmental  Protection (CTDEP) and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) to incorporate a 58.5 percent nitrogen reduction target into a regulatory and legal framework.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 98

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: nutrient levels are too high

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: nutrient over-enrichment.A

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: excess nutrients,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: noxious plants,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Total Maximum Daily Load

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: pollutant reduction goals.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The regulatory mechanism in the United States,

text: Drinking water quality. Drinking water quality in Ethiopia varies. The most comprehensive picture of drinking water quality are the results of a national statistically representative survey of piped water supply, boreholes, protected dug wells and protected springs carried out by the WHO and UNICEF in 2004-2005. It shows that 72% of samples complied with the values for coliform bacteria in the Ethiopian drinking water standard ES 261:2001 and the WHO guidelines for drinking water. In the case of piped water supply by utilities compliance was highest at 88%. Open wells and unprotected springs were not included in the survey. Besides bacterial contamination, natural contamination with fluoride is an issue in the Rift Valley. The results of the survey confirm the results of routine monitoring undertaken in the laboratories of the Regional Water Bureaus and the Regional Health Bureaus. The latter results are archived at the Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute. Interaction and exchange of information between regional health bureaus and regional water bureaus is poor.

text: Drinking water quality. Drinking water quality in Ethiopia varies. The most comprehensive picture of drinking water quality are the results of a national statistically representative survey of piped water supply, boreholes, protected dug wells and protected springs carried out by the

text: WHO

text: and

text: UNICEF

text: in 2004-2005. It shows that 72% of samples complied with the values for

text: coliform bacteria

text: in the Ethiopian drinking water standard ES 261:2001 and the WHO guidelines for drinking water. In the case of piped water supply by utilities compliance was highest at 88%. Open wells and unprotected springs were not included in the survey. Besides bacterial contamination, natural contamination with fluoride is an issue in the Rift Valley. The results of the survey confirm the results of routine monitoring undertaken in the laboratories of the Regional Water Bureaus and the Regional Health Bureaus. The latter results are archived at the Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute. Interaction and exchange of information between regional health bureaus and regional water bureaus is poor.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: coliform bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: natural contamination

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: coliform bacteria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Drinking water quality. Drinking water quality in Ethiopia

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 72%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: coliform bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: natural contamination with fluoride

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: bacterial contamination, natural contamination with fluoride

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Ethiopia

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: coliform bacteria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: WHO and UNICEF in 2004-2005.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: poor.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: WHO and UNICEF in 2004-2005.

text: Safe household water storage is a critical component of a Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) system being promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO) worldwide in areas that do not have piped drinking water. In these areas it is not uncommon for drinking water to be stored in a pot, jar, crock or other container in the home. Even if this drinking water was of acceptable microbiological quality initially, it can become contaminated from dirty hands and utensils, such as dirty dippers and cups. Drinking water containers with "narrow dispensers are key" to keeping water from being contaminated while being stored in the home.

text: Safe household water storage is a critical component of a Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) system being promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO) worldwide in areas that do not have piped drinking water. In these areas it is not uncommon for drinking water to be stored in a pot, jar, crock or other container in the home. Even if this drinking water was of acceptable microbiological quality initially, it can become contaminated from dirty hands and utensils, such as dirty dippers and cups. Drinking water containers with "narrow dispensers are key" to keeping water from being contaminated while being stored in the home.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbiological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: dirty hands

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dippers and cups

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: (WHO) worldwide in areas that do not have piped drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: piped drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbiological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: dirty hands and utensils,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: dirty hands and utensils,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: World Health Organization

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dirty dippers and cups.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: dirty hands and utensils,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Drinking water containers with "narrow dispensers

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: piped drinking water.

text: Other solutions to clean water scarcity issues have focused on innovative pump systems, including hand-pumps, Water for People's "Play Pumps", and Pump Aid's "Elephant Pumps". All three designs are built to aid communities in drawing clean water from wells. The hand pump is the most basic and simple to repair, with replacement parts easily found. Using a more creative approach, Play Pumps combine child's play with clean water extraction through the use of playground equipment, called a roundabout. The idea behind this is as children play on the roundabout, water will simultaneously be pumped from a reservoir tank to either toilets, hand-washing stations, or for drinking water. Some downsides to the PlayPump, though, are its inability to address situations of physical water scarcity and the danger of exploitation when children's play is equated with pumping water. Alternatively, Elephant Pumps are simple hand water pumps. After a well is prepared, a rope-pump mechanism is installed that is easy to maintain, uses locally sourced parts, and can be up and running in the time span of about a week. The Elephant Pump can provide 250 people with 40 litres of clean water per person per day.

text: Other solutions to clean water scarcity issues have focused on innovative pump systems, including hand-pumps, Water for People's "

text: Play Pumps

text: ", and Pump Aid's "Elephant Pumps". All three designs are built to aid communities in drawing clean water from wells. The hand pump is the most basic and simple to repair, with replacement parts easily found. Using a more creative approach, Play Pumps combine child's play with clean water extraction through the use of playground equipment, called a roundabout. The idea behind this is as children play on the roundabout, water will simultaneously be pumped from a reservoir tank to either toilets, hand-washing stations, or for drinking water. Some downsides to the PlayPump, though, are its inability to address situations of physical water scarcity and the danger of exploitation when children's play is equated with pumping water. Alternatively, Elephant Pumps are simple hand water pumps. After a well is prepared, a rope-pump mechanism is installed that is easy to maintain, uses locally sourced parts, and can be up and running in the time span of about a week. The Elephant Pump can provide 250 people with 40 litres of clean water per person per day.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Other solutions to clean water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 250

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: clean water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: physical water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Play Pumps

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 250

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: hand-washing

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Play Pumps

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: PlayPump,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: "Elephant Pumps".

text: Although most Seoul residents choose to drink bottled mineral water, it has been reported that Oh Se-hoon not only vouches for, but drinks the city tap water. Encouraging Seoul residents to drink tap water and reduce dependence on bottled water, as well as publicizing the cleanliness of Seoul tap-water has been a pet project for Oh. Seoul City has recently put forward new regulations on tap-water and the focus has gone from not just safe water but water that tastes great.

text: Although most Seoul residents choose to drink bottled mineral water, it has been reported that Oh Se-hoon not only vouches for, but drinks the city tap water. Encouraging Seoul residents to drink

text: tap water

text: and reduce dependence on

text: bottled water

text: , as well as publicizing the cleanliness of Seoul tap-water has been a pet project for Oh. Seoul City has recently put forward new regulations on tap-water and the focus has gone from not just safe water but water that tastes great.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking tap water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: bottled mineral water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: bottled mineral water,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bottled mineral water,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: bottled mineral water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: bottled mineral water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Seoul residents choose to drink bottled mineral water,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bottled mineral water,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: bottled mineral water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Seoul City has recently put forward new regulations on tap-water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: bottled mineral water,

text: PUB takes on a holistic responsibility towards safe and efficient water management. PUB, having a successful and professional management system, is keen to share and promotes safe techniques of managing drinking water to other key global players to expand its reach and influence globally. It frequently organises study excursions and seminars to promote its professional water management strategies with world-renowned organisations such as UNESCO, UNEP, UN-HABITAT, Asian Development Bank and World Bank. PUB also offers its Waterhub as the Asia Pacific Regional Knowledge Hub for open-sharing of management strategies and facilities to developing countries.

text: PUB takes on a holistic responsibility towards safe and efficient water management. PUB, having a successful and professional management system, is keen to share and promotes safe techniques of managing drinking water to other key global players to expand its reach and influence globally. It frequently organises study excursions and seminars to promote its professional water management strategies with world-renowned organisations such as

text: UNESCO

text: UNEP

entity_name: United Nations Human Settlements Programme

text: UN-HABITAT

text: Asian Development Bank

text: and

text: World Bank

text: . PUB also offers its

text: Waterhub

text: as the Asia Pacific Regional Knowledge Hub for open-sharing of management strategies and facilities to developing countries.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: PUB takes on a holistic responsibility towards safe and efficient water management.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developing countries.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water management.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: PUB takes on a holistic responsibility towards safe and efficient water management.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: UN-HABITAT,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: UNESCO, UNEP, UN-HABITAT,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: PUB takes on a holistic responsibility towards safe and efficient water management.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: PUB takes on a holistic responsibility towards safe and efficient water management.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: developing countries.

text: The possibility of a low cost river water treatment plant utilizing water from Yamuna-Ichhamati at Gighata has been considered. However, this is not considered feasible because the river is highly polluted, costs would considerably increased because of installation of chemical treatment plant to remove pollutants, and the volume of water in the river in summer season is not sufficient.

text: The possibility of a low cost river water treatment plant utilizing water from Yamuna-Ichhamati at Gighata has been considered. However, this is not considered feasible because the river is highly polluted, costs would considerably increased because of installation of chemical treatment plant to remove pollutants, and the volume of water in the river in summer season is not sufficient.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Yamuna-Ichhamati

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: polluted,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluted,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: highly polluted,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: highly polluted,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Yamuna-Ichhamati

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: polluted,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: this is not considered feasible because the river is highly polluted,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: costs would considerably increased because of installation of chemical treatment plant to remove pollutants,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: highly polluted,

text: In the nuclear power industry, water can also be used as a neutron moderator. In most nuclear reactors, water is both a coolant and a moderator. This provides something of a passive safety measure, as removing the water from the reactor also slows the nuclear reaction down. However other methods are favored for stopping a reaction and it is preferred to keep the nuclear core covered with water so as to ensure adequate cooling.

text: In the

text: nuclear power

text: industry, water can also be used as a

text: neutron moderator

text: . In most

text: nuclear reactor

text: s, water is both a coolant and a moderator. This provides something of a passive safety measure, as removing the water from the reactor also

text: slows the nuclear reaction down

text: . However other methods are favored for stopping a reaction and it is preferred to keep the nuclear core covered with water so as to ensure adequate cooling.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: iii.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In the nuclear power industry,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water can also be used as a neutron moderator.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water can also be used as a neutron moderator.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water can also be used as a neutron moderator.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water can also be used as a neutron moderator.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: other methods are favored for stopping a reaction

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: a passive safety measure,

text: Water scarcity or lack of safe drinking water is one of the world's leading problems affecting more than 1.1 billion people globally, meaning that one in every six people lacks access to safe drinking water. The Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation set up by the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) defines safe drinking water as "water with microbial, chemical and physical characteristics that meets WHO guidelines or national standards on drinking water quality." Hydrologists generally assess water scarcity by looking at a population-to-water equation that treats 1,700 cubic meters per person as the national threshold for meeting water requirements for agricultural and industrial production, energy, and the environment. Availability below the threshold of 1,000 cubic meters represents a state of "water scarcity", while anything below 500 cubic meters represents a state of "absolute scarcity".

text: Water scarcity or

text: lack of safe drinking water

text: is one of the world's leading problems affecting more than 1.1 billion people globally, meaning that one in every six people lacks access to safe

text: drinking water

text: . The

entity_name: Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation

text: Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation

text: set up by the

text: World Health Organization

text: (WHO) and

text: United Nations Children's Fund

text: (UNICEF) defines safe drinking water as "water with microbial, chemical and physical characteristics that meets WHO guidelines or national standards on drinking water quality."

text: Hydrologists

text: generally assess water scarcity by looking at a population-to-water equation that treats 1,700 cubic meters per person as the national threshold for meeting water requirements for agricultural and industrial production, energy, and the environment. Availability below the threshold of 1,000 cubic meters represents a state of "

text: water scarcity

text: ", while anything below 500 cubic meters represents a state of "absolute scarcity".

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one in every six

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: microbial

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water scarcity or lack of safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: six

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microbial,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water scarcity or lack of safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: one in every six people lacks access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.1 billion people globally, meaning that one in every six

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: microbial,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water scarcity or lack of safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: one in every six people lacks access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water scarcity or lack of safe drinking water

text: During high turbidity peaks, pathogens are more commonly found in raw water. This can contribute to the spread of illnesses. When turbidity increases, reported hospital visits for the elderly (65+) with gastrointestinal illnesses also increase. Even places with water filtration systems that meet standards can have an endemic of gastrointestinal illness, or waterborne infectious diseases. Those hospitalized represent a small percentage of total morbidity caused by these illnesses.

text: During high turbidity peaks,

text: pathogen

text: s are more commonly found in raw water. This can contribute to the spread of

text: illness

text: es. When turbidity increases, reported hospital visits for the elderly (65+) with gastrointestinal illnesses also increase. Even places with water filtration systems that meet standards can have an

text: endemic

text: of

text: gastrointestinal illness

text: , or

text: waterborne

text: infectious disease

text: s. Those hospitalized represent a small percentage of total

text: morbidity

text: caused by these illnesses.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: found in raw water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: high turbidity peaks

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: gastrointestinal illness

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: During high turbidity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: a small percentage

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: raw water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: high turbidity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne infectious diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: (65+)

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: gastrointestinal illness,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: During high turbidity

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Even places with water filtration systems

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water filtration systems

text: Water and sanitation issues relate directly to health outcomes due to the susceptibility to disease experienced by populations that lack adequate access. In the 19th and 20th centuries, diseases like cholera were particularly feared due to their devastating effects and due to their proliferation in areas with poor waste management practices. Today diseases such as dengue fever, Hepatitis A, and intestinal parasites, are all examples of water-borne illnesses that affect the urban poor. Diarrheal illnesses are perhaps today the leading type of waterborne disease with cities like Jakarta experiencing disease rates as high as 50 cases per 1000 people. In India, waterborne disease accounts for the loss of roughly 180 million person-workdays annually, the economic equivalent of approximately 12 billion rupees. Thus inadequate access to water and sanitation among the urban poor and socially disadvantaged leads to systematic vulnerability to disease, which has both public health and economic consequences.

text: Water and sanitation issues relate directly to health outcomes due to the susceptibility to disease experienced by populations that lack adequate access. In the 19th and 20th centuries, diseases like

text: cholera

text: were particularly feared due to their devastating effects and due to their proliferation in areas with poor waste management practices. Today diseases such as dengue fever, Hepatitis A, and intestinal parasites, are all examples of water-borne illnesses that affect the urban poor.

text: Diarrheal illnesses

text: are perhaps today the leading type of waterborne disease with cities like Jakarta experiencing disease rates as high as 50 cases per 1000 people. In India, waterborne disease accounts for the loss of roughly 180 million person-workdays annually, the economic equivalent of approximately 12 billion rupees. Thus inadequate access to water and sanitation among the urban poor and socially disadvantaged leads to systematic vulnerability to disease, which has both public health and economic consequences.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: parasites

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: their proliferation in areas with poor waste management practices

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dengue fever

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 12 billion rupees.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 12

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water-borne illnesses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: poor waste management practices.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Diarrheal illnesses

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 50 cases per 1000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dengue fever, Hepatitis A, and intestinal parasites,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: dengue fever, Hepatitis A, and intestinal parasites,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: inadequate access to water and sanitation

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: dengue fever, Hepatitis A, and intestinal parasites,

text: Although access to safe drinking water is significantly lower in rural areas than in urban areas in the DRC, the actual number of people without water access is increasing at a significantly higher rate in urban areas because of faster population growth. The average annual growth rate of the urban population over the time period from 2010 to 2015 was estimated at 4 percent, compared to a population growth rate of 1.9 percent in rural areas. The population living in urban areas is estimated at 42 percent. The rapid population growth in urban areas is associated with the expansion of the urban sprawl and poses major difficulties in establishing adequate water infrastructure. Many peri-urban watersheds are being impacted through uncontrolled expansion for housing construction, agriculture and firewood supply.

text: Although access to safe drinking water is significantly lower in rural areas than in urban areas in the DRC, the actual number of people without water access is increasing at a significantly higher rate in urban areas because of faster population growth. The average annual growth rate of the urban population over the time period from 2010 to 2015 was estimated at 4 percent, compared to a population growth rate of 1.9 percent in rural areas. The population living in urban areas is estimated at 42 percent. The rapid population growth in urban areas is associated with the expansion of the urban sprawl and poses major difficulties in establishing adequate water infrastructure. Many peri-urban watersheds are being impacted through uncontrolled expansion for housing construction, agriculture and firewood supply.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 91

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 42

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: faster population growth.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.9

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: firewood

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1.9 percent in rural areas.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: establishing adequate water infrastructure.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: access to safe drinking water

text: govern the release of pollutants into water resources, including surface water, ground water, and stored drinking water. Some water quality laws, such as drinking water regulations, may be designed solely with reference to human health. Many others, including restrictions on the alteration of the chemical, physical, radiological, and biological characteristics of water resources, may also reflect efforts to protect aquatic ecosystems more broadly. Regulatory efforts may include identifying and categorizing water pollutants, dictating acceptable pollutant concentrations in water resources, and limiting pollutant discharges from effluent sources. Regulatory areas include sewage treatment and disposal, industrial and agricultural waste water management, and control of surface runoff from construction sites and urban environments.

text: govern the

text: release of pollutants into water resources

text: , including

text: surface water

text: ground water

text: , and stored

text: drinking water

text: . Some water quality laws, such as drinking water regulations, may be designed solely with reference to human health. Many others, including restrictions on the alteration of the

text: chemical, physical, radiological, and biological characteristics of water resources

text: , may also reflect efforts to protect

text: aquatic ecosystem

text: s more broadly. Regulatory efforts may include identifying and categorizing water pollutants, dictating acceptable pollutant concentrations in water resources, and limiting pollutant discharges from effluent sources. Regulatory areas include

text: sewage treatment and disposal

text: industrial

text: and

text: agricultural

text: waste water management, and control of

text: surface runoff

text: from construction sites and urban environments.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sewage treatment and disposal

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: surface water, ground water, and stored drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: release of pollutants into water resources,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: surface water, ground water, and stored drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: surface water, ground water, and stored drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: limiting pollutant discharges from effluent sources.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: surface water, ground water, and stored drinking water.

text: The Olympic Games can affect water quality in the surrounding region in several ways, including water runoff and the transfer of polluting substances from the air to water sources through rainfall. Harmful particulates come from both natural substances (such as plant matter crushed by higher volumes of pedestrian and vehicle traffic) and man-made substances (such as exhaust from vehicles or industry). Contaminants from these two categories lead to elevated amounts of toxins in street dust. Street dust then reaches water sources through runoff, facilitating the transfer of toxins to environments and communities that rely on these water sources. For example, one method of measuring the runoff contamination of water sources involves magnetism. Magnetism measurement systems allow specialists to measure the differences in mineral magnetic parameters in samples of water, air, and vegetation. Unlike traditional methods of measuring pollutants, magnetism is relatively inexpensive, and can identify smaller particle sizes.Another method used to assess the amount and effects of water pollutants is to measure the amount of PM2.5 in rainfall. Measuring PM2.5 (the amount of aerodynamic diameter of particle≤2.5 μm in a given amount of air) is a common metric for assessing air quality. Comparing PM2.5 levels between air and rainfall samples allows scientists to determine the amount of air pollution being transferred to water sources. Pollutants in rainfall quickly and directly affect pollution in groundwater sources. In 2013, researchers in Beijing found a significant relationship between the amount of PM2.5 concentrations in the air and in rainfall. Studies showed that rainfall had a significant “washing” effect on PM2.5 in the air, transferring a large portion of these pollutants from the air to water sources. In this way, Beijing’s notorious air pollution has a direct and significant impact on rainfall, and therefore, on water resources throughout the region.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: toxins

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: street dust

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: toxins

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Olympic Games

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: man-made substances

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Pollutants in rainfall

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: street dust.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: air

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: PM2.5

text: Water chlorination is the process of adding chlorine () or hypochlorite to water. This method is used to kill certain bacteria and other microbes in tap water as chlorine is highly toxic. In particular, chlorination is used to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases such as cholera, dysentery, typhoid etc.

text: Water chlorination is the process of adding

text: chlorine

text: () or

text: hypochlorite

text: to

text: water

text: . This method is used to kill certain bacteria and other microbes in

text: tap water

text: as chlorine is highly toxic. In particular, chlorination is used to prevent the spread of

text: waterborne diseases

text: such as

text: cholera

text: dysentery

text: typhoid

text: etc.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: chlorination

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water chlorination

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water chlorination

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: chlorine

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: cholera, dysentery, typhoid

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: cholera, dysentery, typhoid

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: chlorination is used to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: chlorination is used to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water chlorination

text: Due to widespread illegal well drilling, Gaza’s sole aquifer has been over-pumped for years, resulting in the salinization of much of its water.  A 2009 assessment of a sample of 180 Gazan wells demonstrated that over 90 percent of them possessed chloride concentrations that were four times greater than the maximum amount suggested by the WHO. Gaza’s water supply has further been contaminated by waste water containing nitrate and pesticides, owing to a deficiency in Gazan waste water treatment capacity. A UN Environment Programme assessment of a sampling of Gazan wells demonstrated that nitrate levels in the drinking water exceeded the maximum amount suggested by the WHO by sixfold. Gaza’s waste systems are unable to effectively purify sewerage due to a scarcity of fuel and construction materials engendered by the ongoing embargo. Given their limited options, Gazans resort to drinking water deemed hazardous by the WHO for its high concentrations of salt, nitrate and other pesticides. The PNA’s Water Authority approximates that 25% of illnesses in Gaza are either directly or indirectly caused by unclean water. In the West Bank, only 69% of the towns are reached by a water network. Of these, less than half enjoy a constant supply of water without disruption. As in Gaza, waste water is a key pollutant in the West Bank as roughly 90% of Palestinian waste water their goes unprocessed, leaving much of the water supply contaminated. Human rights groups point to an aging water infrastructure and the inequitable division of water resources between Israeli settlers and Palestinians as the principal causes of water problems.On average, each person in Gaza consumes 91 liters of water per day, which is lower than the 100 liter minimum the WHO regards as necessary to meet baseline health needs. Water consumption in the West Bank averages to only about 73 liters per day per capita, lower than in Gaza because illegal drilling is not as prevalent.

text: Due to widespread illegal well drilling, Gaza’s sole

text: aquifer

text: has been over-pumped for years, resulting in the salinization of much of its water.  A 2009 assessment of a sample of 180 Gazan wells demonstrated that over 90 percent of them possessed chloride concentrations that were four times greater than the maximum amount suggested by the WHO. Gaza’s water supply has further been contaminated by waste water containing nitrate and pesticides, owing to a deficiency in Gazan waste water treatment capacity. A

text: UN Environment Programme

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: less than half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pesticides

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: unclean water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 25

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: nitrate

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Why do people in developed nations think much about waterborne diseases because our water is treated and is almost always safe to drink?

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 25% of illnesses in Gaza are either directly or indirectly caused by unclean water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 69%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: illnesses in Gaza are either directly or indirectly caused by unclean water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: unclean water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 25% of illnesses in Gaza are either directly or indirectly caused by unclean water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 25%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: 25% of illnesses in Gaza

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 25% of illnesses in Gaza are either directly or indirectly caused by unclean water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: aging water infrastructure

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 25% of illnesses in Gaza are either directly or indirectly caused by unclean water.

text: Ships are polluting both in the marine environment and in the atmosphere, and although it is difficult to estimate the magnitude of the problem, there is no uncertainty that increased usage of such ships will increase pollution. As the underwater logging industry becomes more popular and profitable, this increased usage will occur. The process of underwater logging itself will also have a negative impact on the environment, as the logs themselves add weight to the ships, forcing said ships to work harder and use more time and energy to transport their cargo. In terms of transportation, cargo ships transport the logs across the water. They use an immense amount of ballast water, which can have negative effects on the environment. When the ships reach the mills they empty the water, “Ballast water discharge typically contains a variety of biological materials, including plants, animals, viruses, and bacteria”. Dumping the ballast can change the aquatic ecosystems and even make the water undrinkable.

text: Ships are polluting both in the marine environment and in the atmosphere, and although it is difficult to estimate the magnitude of the problem, there is no uncertainty that increased usage of such ships will increase pollution. As the underwater logging industry becomes more popular and profitable, this increased usage will occur. The process of underwater logging itself will also have a negative impact on the environment, as the logs themselves add weight to the ships, forcing said ships to work harder and use more time and energy to transport their cargo. In terms of transportation, cargo ships transport the logs across the water. They use an immense amount of ballast water, which can have negative effects on the environment. When the ships reach the mills they empty the water, “Ballast water discharge typically contains a variety of biological materials, including plants, animals, viruses, and bacteria”. Dumping the ballast can change the aquatic ecosystems and even make the water undrinkable.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: ballast water discharge

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: undrinkable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Ships

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Ships are polluting

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria”.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: ballast water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: undrinkable.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: viruses, and bacteria”.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: viruses,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Ships

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Ships

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Ships

text: Efforts made by the United Nations in compliance with the Millennium Development Goals have targeted water scarcity not just for Africa, but globally. The compiled list includes eight international development goals, seven of which are directly impacted by water scarcity. Access to water affects poverty, food scarcity, educational attainment, social and economic capital of women, livelihood security, disease, and human and environmental health. Because addressing the issue of water is so integral to reaching the MDGs, one of the sub-goals includes halving the proportion of the globe's population without sustainable access to safe drinking water by 2015. In March 2012, the UN announced that this goal has been met almost four years in advance, suggesting that global efforts to reduce water scarcity are on a successful trend.

text: Efforts made by the United Nations in compliance with the

text: Millennium Development Goals

text: have targeted water scarcity not just for Africa, but globally. The compiled list includes eight international development goals, seven of which are directly impacted by water scarcity. Access to water affects poverty, food scarcity, educational attainment, social and economic capital of women, livelihood security, disease, and human and environmental health. Because addressing the issue of water is so integral to reaching the MDGs, one of the sub-goals includes halving the proportion of the globe's population without sustainable access to safe drinking water by 2015. In March 2012, the UN announced that this goal has been met almost four years in advance, suggesting that global efforts to reduce water scarcity are on a successful trend.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Access to water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: halving

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: disease,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Africa,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: food scarcity, educational attainment,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Millennium Development Goals

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 2015.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe drinking water

text: India experiences an average precipitation of  per year, or about  of rains annually or about  of fresh water per person every year. Some 80 percent of its area experiences rains of  or more a year. However, this rain is not uniform in time or geography. Most of the rains occur during its monsoon seasons (June to September), with the north east and north receiving far more rains than India's west and south. Other than rains, the melting of snow over the Himalayas after winter season feeds the northern rivers to varying degrees. The southern rivers, however experience more flow variability over the year. For the Himalayan basin, this leads to flooding in some months and water scarcity in others. Despite extensive river system, safe clean drinking water as well as irrigation water supplies for sustainable agriculture are in shortage across India, in part because it has, as yet, harnessed a small fraction of its available and recoverable surface water resource. India harnessed  (20 percent) of its water resources in 2010, part of which came from unsustainable use of groundwater. Of the water it withdrew from its rivers and groundwater wells, India dedicated about  to irrigation,  to municipal and drinking water applications and  to industry.

text: India experiences an average precipitation of  per year, or about  of rains annually or about  of fresh water per person every year. Some 80 percent of its area experiences rains of  or more a year. However, this rain is not uniform in time or geography. Most of the rains occur during its

text: monsoon

text: seasons (June to September), with the north east and north receiving far more rains than India's west and south. Other than rains, the melting of snow over the Himalayas after winter season feeds the northern rivers to varying degrees. The southern rivers, however experience more flow variability over the year. For the Himalayan basin, this leads to flooding in some months and water scarcity in others. Despite extensive river system, safe clean drinking water as well as irrigation water supplies for sustainable agriculture are in shortage across India, in part because it has, as yet, harnessed a small fraction of its available and recoverable surface water resource. India harnessed  (20 percent) of its water resources in 2010, part of which came from unsustainable use of groundwater. Of the water it withdrew from its rivers and groundwater wells, India dedicated about  to irrigation,  to municipal and drinking water applications and  to industry.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: about

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: about

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Himalayan basin,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (20 percent)

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: India experiences an average precipitation of per year,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: safe clean drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: safe clean drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: India experiences an average precipitation of per year,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: safe clean drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: India experiences an average precipitation of per year,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: safe clean drinking water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe clean drinking water

text: - Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

text: - Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are unable to survive in normal conditions

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: - Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: - Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: - Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: - Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: - Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: - Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: - Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: - Kaohsiung Country Water Safety Rescue Association

text: A music video was made for "Missing Link" which featured the official and touring members of the band performing this song in a rainy wasteland. The video was shown in the Beavis and Butt-head episode "Water Safety", where the duo comments that the video was "pretty cool".

text: A music video was made for "Missing Link" which featured the official and touring members of the band performing this song in a rainy wasteland. The video was shown in the

text: Beavis and Butt-head

text: episode "Water Safety", where the duo comments that the video was "pretty cool".

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a pathogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: "Missing Link"

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: "Water Safety",

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: a rainy wasteland.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: rainy wasteland.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "Water Safety",

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: "Water Safety",

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: "Water Safety",

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Beavis and Butt-head episode "Water Safety",

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Beavis and Butt-head

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Beavis and Butt-head episode "Water Safety",

text: Drinking water standards, which are applicable to public water systems, are issued by EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act.

text: Drinking water standards, which are applicable to

text: public water system

text: s, are issued by EPA under the

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: public water systems,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Drinking water standards,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Drinking water standards,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Drinking water standards,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act.

text: Pollution is another crucial influencer on the threatening of animal life, and human life, across the world. Every form of pollution has an effect on wildlife, whether it be through the air, water, or ground. While sometimes the origin and form of pollution is visible and easy to determine, other times it can be a mystery as to what exactly is causing the death of animals. Through constant and consistent observation of habitat analysis, humans can help prevent the loss of animal life by recognizing the early signs of pollution before the problem becomes too large.

text: Pollution

text: is another crucial influencer on the threatening of animal life, and human life, across the world. Every form of pollution has an effect on wildlife, whether it be through the air, water, or ground. While sometimes the origin and form of pollution is visible and easy to determine, other times it can be a mystery as to what exactly is causing the death of animals. Through constant and consistent observation of habitat analysis, humans can help prevent the loss of animal life by recognizing the early signs of pollution before the problem becomes too large.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pathogens

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: human life,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: causing the death of animals.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: human life, across the world.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: recognizing the early signs of pollution before the problem becomes too large.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Pollution

text: At the 2000 Millennium Summit, the United Nations addressed the effects of economic water scarcity by making increased access to safe drinking water an international development goal. During this time, they drafted the Millennium Development Goals and all 189 UN members agreed on eight goals. MDG 7 sets a target for reducing the proportion of the population without sustainable safe drinking water access by half by 2015. This would mean that more than 600 million people would gain access to a safe source of drinking water. In 2016, the  Sustainable Development Goals replace the Millennium Development Goals.

text: At the 2000

text: Millennium Summit

text: , the United Nations addressed the effects of economic water scarcity by making increased access to safe drinking water an international development goal. During this time, they drafted the Millennium Development Goals and all 189 UN members agreed on eight goals. MDG 7 sets a target for reducing the proportion of the population without sustainable safe drinking water access by half by 2015. This would mean that more than 600 million people would gain access to a safe source of drinking water. In 2016, the

text: Sustainable Development Goals

text: replace the Millennium Development Goals.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 600 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: effects of economic water scarcity by making increased access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: economic water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: increased access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 600

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: MDG 7

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: the Sustainable Development Goals replace the Millennium Development Goals.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: increased access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe drinking water

text: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

text: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a large amount of water is present

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: None of the above choices .

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Water Safety Levels at Loughshinny Beach

text: Non-point source (NPS) pollution includes both water and air pollution from diffuse sources. Non-point source water pollution affects a water body from sources such as polluted runoff from agricultural areas draining into a river, or wind-borne debris blowing out to sea. Non-point source air pollution affects air quality from sources such as smokestacks or car tailpipes. Although these pollutants have originated from a point source, the long-range transport ability and multiple sources of the pollutant make it a non-point source of pollution. Non-point source pollution can be contrasted with point source pollution, where discharges occur to a body of water or into the atmosphere at a single location.

text: Non-point source (NPS) pollution includes both

text: water

text: and

text: air pollution

text: from diffuse sources. Non-point source water pollution affects a water body from sources such as polluted

text: runoff

text: from

text: agricultural

text: areas draining into a river, or wind-borne

text: debris

text: blowing out to sea. Non-point source air pollution affects air quality from sources such as

text: smokestack

text: s or car

text: tailpipe

text: s. Although these pollutants have originated from a point source, the long-range transport ability and multiple sources of the pollutant make it a non-point source of pollution. Non-point source pollution can be contrasted with

text: point source pollution

text: , where discharges occur to a body of water or into the atmosphere at a single location.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: non-point source pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: non-point source

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: river,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: point source pollution,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: diffuse sources.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: multiple sources of the pollutant

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Non-point source

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: polluted runoff

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: polluted runoff

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Non-point source

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: polluted runoff

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Non-point source

text: The practicality of building battleships came into question since during World War I, no decisive victory had resulted from a major clash between battleships, in contrast to the Japanese victory of Tsushima more than 17 years before. However, the war experience had clearly shown the problem of ensuring the safety of maritime commercial routes against commerce raiders, for which cruisers appeared better suited than battleships. Thus, by the late 1920s all the countries that had signed the Washington Treaty were building new heavy cruiser classes. For France, the priority was the safety of the waterborne connections between France and her African colonies/protectorates (via the Marseille-Algiers and Bordeaux-Casablanca-Dakar routes).

text: The practicality of building battleships came into question since during World War I, no decisive victory had resulted from a major clash between battleships, in contrast to the Japanese victory of

text: Tsushima

text: more than 17 years before. However, the war experience had clearly shown the problem of ensuring the safety of maritime

text: commercial routes

text: against

text: commerce raider

text: s, for which

text: cruiser

text: s appeared better suited than battleships. Thus, by the late 1920s all the countries that had signed the Washington Treaty were building new

text: heavy cruiser

text: classes. For France, the priority was the safety of the

text: waterborne

text: connections between France and her African

text: colonies

text: protectorates

text: (via the

text: Marseille

text: Algiers

text: and

text: Bordeaux

text: Casablanca

text: Dakar

text: routes).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The practicality of building battleships

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: World War I,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: commerce raiders,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: commerce raiders,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The practicality of building battleships

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: France,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Marseille-Algiers

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The practicality of building battleships

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: building new heavy cruiser classes.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: cruisers appeared better suited than battleships.

text: Hunting licenses have several purposes.  These reasons include: public safety (especially of children, both as hunters and bystanders), regulation and conservation of wild animals, revenue for the sovereign state, and containing the transmission of animal-borne diseases (such as Lyme disease and rabies).  The safety issues are especially highlighted in urban areas and shopping districts.  For example, after in an incident in November 2012 whereby a man allegedly shot at a deer in a Walmart parking lot in Pennsylvania, he was charged with "reckless endangerment, ... hunting without a license, shooting on or across highways and unlawful killing or taking of big game."

text: Hunting licenses have several purposes.  These reasons include:

text: public safety

text: (especially of children, both as hunters and bystanders), regulation and conservation of wild animals, revenue for the sovereign state, and containing the transmission of

text: animal-borne diseases

text: (such as

text: Lyme disease

text: and

text: rabies

text: ).  The safety issues are especially highlighted in urban areas and shopping districts.  For example, after in an incident in November 2012 whereby a man allegedly shot at a deer in a

text: Walmart

text: parking lot in

text: Pennsylvania

text: , he was charged with "reckless endangerment, ... hunting without a license, shooting on or across highways and unlawful killing or taking of big game."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: animal-borne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: animal-borne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Hunting licenses

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Hunting licenses

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: animal-borne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: transmission of animal-borne diseases

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: animal-borne diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Lyme disease

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: rabies).

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: animal-borne diseases

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: animal-borne diseases

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Hunting licenses

text: Exact placement of the construction site in the Delaware Basin changed multiple times due to safety concerns. Brine deposits located below the salt deposits in the Delaware Basin posed a potential safety problem. The brine was first discovered when a 1975 drilling released a pressurized deposit of the liquid from below the repository level. Constructing the plant near one of these deposits could, under specific circumstances, compromise the facility’s safety. The brine could leak into the repository and either dissolve radioactivity or entrain particulate matter with radioactive waste to the surface. The contaminated brine would then need to be cleaned and properly disposed of. There is no drinking water near the site, so possible water pollution is not a concern. After multiple deep drilling, a final site was selected. The site is located approximately 40 km east of Carlsbad.

text: Exact placement of the construction site in the Delaware Basin changed multiple times due to safety concerns.

text: Brine

text: deposits located below the salt deposits in the Delaware Basin posed a potential safety problem. The brine was first discovered when a 1975 drilling released a pressurized deposit of the liquid from below the repository level. Constructing the plant near one of these deposits could, under specific circumstances, compromise the facility’s safety. The brine could leak into the repository and either dissolve radioactivity or entrain particulate matter with

text: radioactive waste

text: to the surface. The contaminated brine would then need to be cleaned and properly disposed of. There is no drinking water near the site, so possible water pollution is not a concern. After multiple deep drilling, a final site was selected. The site is located approximately 40 km east of Carlsbad.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated brine

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Delaware Basin

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: radioactive waste

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: The brine could leak into the repository and either dissolve radioactivity

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: There is no drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no drinking water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: There is no drinking water

text: Meanwhile, other members of the team were awaiting delivery of the Nomad water purification unit. The purchase of this portable water purification system manufactured by Noah Water Systems was made possible through the generous support of our donors, especially the Lotus Light Charity Society from Vancouver, and the "Helping Hands" program run by the York Region District School Board. The unit is capable of producing 25 gallons / 95 litres per minute or 36,000 gallons / 136,800 liters per day and will satisfy the need for large volumes of safe drinking water using any fresh water source: well, lake, river, stream, and pond and even polluted floodwaters.

text: Meanwhile, other members of the team were awaiting delivery of the Nomad water purification unit. The purchase of this portable water purification system manufactured by Noah Water Systems was made possible through the generous support of our donors, especially the Lotus Light Charity Society from Vancouver, and the "Helping Hands" program run by the York Region District School Board. The unit is capable of producing 25 gallons / 95 litres per minute or 36,000 gallons / 136,800 liters per day and will satisfy the need for large volumes of safe drinking water using any fresh water source: well, lake, river, stream, and pond and even polluted floodwaters.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluted

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluted floodwaters

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 136,800

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: river, stream, and pond and even polluted floodwaters.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: well,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluted floodwaters.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluted floodwaters.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: polluted floodwaters.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 136,800 liters

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: polluted floodwaters.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 136,800 liters per day

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 136,800 liters per day

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 136,800 liters per day

text: The spread of disease is favored in cool, wet, and humid conditions in late fall or early spring when conidia are most abundant. Regions with irrigation are particularly vulnerable to disease, for conidia thrive whenever water is available. Studies have shown that there are positive correlations between the number of disease causing agents (conidia), and the number of hours that temperatures are between 10 and 15 degrees Celsius. These data also correlate to the duration of moisture and amount of time humidity conditions are above 90 percent. These conditions are all optimal for disease. Without humidity and wet conditions, disease does not occur.

text: The spread of disease is favored in cool, wet, and humid conditions in late fall or early spring when conidia are most abundant. Regions with irrigation are particularly vulnerable to disease, for conidia thrive whenever water is available. Studies have shown that there are positive correlations between the number of disease causing agents (conidia), and the number of hours that temperatures are between 10 and 15 degrees Celsius. These data also correlate to the duration of moisture and amount of time humidity conditions are above 90 percent. These conditions are all optimal for disease. Without humidity and wet conditions, disease does not occur.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 90 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease causing

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: conidia thrive whenever water is available

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: conidia

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The spread of disease

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 90 percent.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease causing agents

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: cool, wet, and humid conditions

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The spread of disease

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 15 degrees Celsius.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: conidia

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: conidia are most abundant.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Without humidity and wet conditions, disease does not occur.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The spread of disease is favored in cool, wet, and humid

text: No data is available on the average continuity of water supply in Indonesian cities. However, in Jakarta 92% of users received continuous water supply in 2001. Concerning drinking water quality, about 30% of the water distributed by water companies in the country is contaminated with E. coli or fecal coliforms and other pathogens. The results of drinking water quality tests are not made public. Most Indonesians do not dare drink water directly from the tap and boil water or buy bottled water, if they can afford it.

text: No data is available on the average continuity of water supply in Indonesian cities. However, in

text: Jakarta

text: 92% of users received continuous water supply in 2001. Concerning drinking water quality, about 30% of the water distributed by water companies in the country is contaminated with

text: E. coli

text: or

text: fecal coliform

text: s and other

text: pathogen

text: s. The results of drinking water quality tests are not made public. Most Indonesians do not dare drink water directly from the tap and boil water or buy bottled water, if they can afford it.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: E. coli

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: fecal coliforms and other pathogens

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 30

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: E. coli

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: No data is available on the average continuity of water supply in Indonesian cities.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 92%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: E. coli or fecal coliforms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: boil water or buy bottled water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: E. coli or fecal coliforms

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: E. coli

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: E. coli

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: E. coli or fecal coliforms

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: boil water or buy bottled water,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: bottled water,

text: Waterborne has an overall approval rating of 100% on Rotten Tomatoes.

text: Waterborne has an overall approval rating of 100% on

text: Rotten Tomatoes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne is highly acidic

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: swine flu

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Waterborne

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 100%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Waterborne has an overall approval rating of 100%

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: 100% on Rotten Tomatoes.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 100% on Rotten Tomatoes.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Rotten Tomatoes.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 100% on Rotten Tomatoes.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 100% on Rotten Tomatoes.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 100% on Rotten Tomatoes.

text: This collaboration brings together experts from countries around the world to discuss the variety of historical factors that have shaped international policies regarding silicosis, a deadly lung disease affecting workers in a host of industries. In its earlier edition, this book led to the bringing together of over 600 public health, industry and governmental experts from the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the Mining Safety and Health Administration and elsewhere in a National Conference on Silicosis in Washington. This conference led the Secretary of Labor to identify silicosis as a disease that should be eliminated in the coming years and the banning of certain dangerous practices in a variety of industries.

text: This collaboration brings together experts from countries around the world to discuss the variety of historical factors that have shaped international policies regarding silicosis, a deadly lung disease affecting workers in a host of industries. In its earlier edition, this book led to the bringing together of over 600 public health, industry and governmental experts from the

entity_name: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

text: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

text: , the

text: Occupational Safety and Health Administration

text: , the

text: Mining Safety and Health Administration

text: and elsewhere in a National Conference on Silicosis in

text: Washington

text: . This conference led the Secretary of Labor to identify silicosis as a disease that should be eliminated in the coming years and the banning of certain dangerous practices in a variety of industries.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: silicosis is a deadly lung disease

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: silicosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: silicosis,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: over 600

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: silicosis, a deadly lung disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: practices

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: silicosis,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 600

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: silicosis,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: silicosis,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: the banning of certain dangerous practices

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: silicosis,

text: A water fountain or drinking fountain is designed to provide drinking water and has a basin arrangement with either continuously running water or a tap. The drinker bends down to the stream of water and swallows water directly from the stream. Modern indoor drinking fountains may incorporate filters to remove impurities from the water and chillers to reduce its temperature. In some regional dialects, water fountains are called bubblers. Water fountains are usually found in public places, like schools, rest areas, libraries, and grocery stores. Many jurisdictions require water fountains to be wheelchair accessible (by sticking out horizontally from the wall), and to include an additional unit of a lower height for children and short adults. The design that this replaced often had one spout atop a refrigeration unit.

text: A water fountain or drinking fountain is designed to provide drinking water and has a basin arrangement with either continuously running water or a

text: tap

text: . The drinker bends down to the stream of water and swallows water directly from the stream. Modern indoor drinking fountains may incorporate

text: filter

text: s to remove impurities from the water and chillers to reduce its temperature. In some regional dialects, water fountains are called

text: bubbler

text: s. Water fountains are usually found in public places, like schools, rest areas, libraries, and grocery stores. Many jurisdictions require water fountains to be wheelchair accessible (by sticking out horizontally from the wall), and to include an additional unit of a lower height for children and short adults. The design that this replaced often had one spout atop a refrigeration unit.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: impurities

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: impurities in the water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: A water fountain or drinking fountain is designed to provide drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water fountain or drinking fountain is designed to provide drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: impurities

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: temperature.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water fountain or drinking fountain is designed to provide drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water fountain or drinking fountain is designed to provide drinking water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: impurities

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: A water fountain or drinking fountain is designed to provide drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water fountain

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: filters to remove impurities from the water

text: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. According to a study by National Institutes of Health, chromium and lead levels are high in almost all ground water sources, however extremely high concentrations were found in industrial areas. Presence of any one of the heavy metal contamination necessitate the need for the estimation of other heavy metals as significant positive correlation was found between chromium and lead concentration, indicating the possibility of similar contamination sources in Karachi.

text: Pollution is the introduction of

text: contaminant

text: s into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of

text: chemical substance

text: s or

text: energy

text: , such as noise, heat or light.

text: Pollutant

text: s, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as

text: point source

text: or

text: nonpoint source pollution

text: . According to a study by

text: National Institutes of Health

text: chromium

text: and

text: lead

text: levels are high in almost all ground water sources, however extremely high concentrations were found in industrial areas. Presence of any one of the heavy metal contamination necessitate the need for the estimation of other heavy metals as significant positive correlation was found between chromium and lead concentration, indicating the possibility of similar contamination sources in

text: Karachi

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: naturally occurring contaminants

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: chromium and lead levels are high in almost all ground water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: naturally occurring contaminants.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: chromium and lead

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: chromium and lead

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: chromium and lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: chromium and lead levels are high in almost all ground water sources,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Pollution

text: It came to the attention of conservationists that there was a big problem in late 1998 when populations of the Florida applesnail underwent a dramatic decline, then the iconic Limpkin bird followed suit and left by the fall of 1999.  What was once a thriving and diverse ecosystem in North Florida is transitioning into a “biological dessert” says Wakulla Springs conservationist Jim Stevenson The problem is people. Human population increase has rendered grave consequence on our natural surrounding. The Wakulla springs basin stretches about 1,300 miles north of the spring in Florida and even into some of South Georgia. The water pollution from storm water runoff, as well as nitrate rich human water contamination through waste and pollution seeps into the underground aquifer and trickles down and flows out of the Wakulla spring as water at the end of the pipe.

text: It came to the attention of conservationists that there was a big problem in late 1998 when populations of the

text: Florida applesnail

text: underwent a dramatic decline, then the iconic

text: Limpkin

text: bird followed suit and left by the fall of 1999.  What was once a thriving and diverse ecosystem in North Florida is transitioning into a “biological dessert” says Wakulla Springs conservationist Jim Stevenson The problem is people. Human population increase has rendered grave consequence on our natural surrounding. The Wakulla springs basin stretches about 1,300 miles north of the spring in Florida and even into some of South Georgia. The water pollution from storm water runoff, as well as

text: nitrate

text: rich human water contamination through waste and pollution seeps into the underground aquifer and trickles down and flows out of the Wakulla spring as water at the end of the pipe.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: human water contamination

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: nitrate

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Human population increase has rendered grave consequence on our natural surrounding.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Human population

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: people.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Human population increase

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: nitrate

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: storm water runoff, as well as nitrate

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: nitrate

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: people.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: storm water runoff,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Human population increase has rendered grave consequence on our natural surrounding.

text: Green Cross supported the drive for safe-drinking water and sanitation to be recognized as a Human Right in 2010.

text: Green Cross supported the drive for safe-drinking water and sanitation to be recognized as a Human Right in 2010.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 5%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with viruses

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Green Cross supported the drive for safe-drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: safe-drinking water and sanitation to be recognized as a Human Right

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Human Right

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Green Cross supported the drive for safe-drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Green Cross supported the drive for safe-drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Green Cross

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Green Cross supported the drive for safe-drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Green Cross

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Green Cross supported the drive for safe-drinking water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Green Cross supported the drive for safe-drinking water

text: Water supply in Sierra Leone is characterized by limited access to safe drinking water. Despite efforts by the government and numerous non-governmental organizations, access has not much improved since the end of the Sierra Leone Civil War in 2002, stagnating at about 50% and even declining in rural areas. In the capital Freetown, taps often run dry. It is hoped that a new dam in Orugu, for which China committed financing in 2009, will alleviate water scarcity.

text: Water supply in Sierra Leone is characterized by limited access to safe drinking water. Despite efforts by the government and numerous non-governmental organizations, access has not much improved since the end of the

text: Sierra Leone Civil War

text: in 2002, stagnating at about 50% and even declining in rural areas. In the capital

text: Freetown

text: , taps often run dry. It is hoped that a new dam in Orugu, for which China committed financing in 2009, will alleviate water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: about 50%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Orugu,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 50%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: limited access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: limited access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 50%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Sierra Leone Civil War

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: limited access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: a new dam

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: limited access to safe drinking water.

text: Common environmental sources of E. bieneusi include ditch and other surface waters, and several species of microsporidia can be isolated from such sources indicating that the disease may be waterborne.

text: Common environmental sources of E. bieneusi include ditch and other surface waters, and several species of microsporidia can be isolated from such sources indicating that the disease may be waterborne.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microsporidia

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are able to spread quickly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: E. bieneusi

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Common environmental sources of E. bieneusi

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: ditch and other surface waters,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: surface waters,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: microsporidia

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Common environmental sources of E. bieneusi

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: E. bieneusi include ditch and other surface waters,

text: The gradual decrease in Peru's water quality is due to the release of untreated effluents from mining, industries, municipalities and polluted runoff from agriculture. Of the 53 rivers in the coastal aea, 16 are polluted by lead, manganese and iron threatening irrigation and potable water supplies. In particular, the Ministry of Agriculture considers "alarming" the quality of seven rivers: the Mantaro and Tambo rivers in the Central Andes that drain towards the Amazonas; the small Moche River near the northern coastal city Trujillo and the Santa near the northern coastal city Chimbote; the Chillon and Rimac rivers near Lima; and the Chili River near Arequipa which is well known for its rafting. In the Mantaro basin alone 18 mining facilities discharge polluted water into the river.

text: The gradual decrease in Peru's water quality is due to the release of untreated effluents from mining, industries, municipalities and polluted runoff from agriculture. Of the 53 rivers in the coastal aea, 16 are polluted by

text: lead

text: manganese

text: and

text: iron

text: threatening irrigation and potable water supplies. In particular, the Ministry of Agriculture considers "alarming" the quality of seven rivers: the

text: Mantaro

text: and

text: Tambo

text: rivers in the Central Andes that drain towards the Amazonas; the small Moche River near the northern coastal city Trujillo and the

text: Santa

text: near the northern coastal city

text: Chimbote

text: ; the

text: Chillon

text: and

text: Rimac

text: rivers near Lima; and the Chili River near Arequipa which is well known for its rafting. In the Mantaro basin alone 18 mining facilities discharge polluted water into the river.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: untreated effluents

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated effluent

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Chili River

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 53

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated effluents

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: lead, manganese and iron

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 53

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lead,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: untreated effluents

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: untreated effluents

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: untreated effluents

text: The objective is to prevent water pollution by managing and monitoring the quality of discharged water, while inducing each business to make efforts for production process improvement by analyzing and managing water pollution levels. A reasonable and objective effluent charge is determined in order to improve policy credibility by identifying the exact pollution level for each period of time. Technical support and consultation for the establishment of control methods for the pollutants discharged by a business are provided, through the continuous assessment and analysis of the pollution level by the remote control of water quality.

text: The objective is to prevent water pollution by managing and monitoring the quality of discharged water, while inducing each business to make efforts for production process improvement by analyzing and managing water pollution levels. A reasonable and objective effluent charge is determined in order to improve policy credibility by identifying the exact pollution level for each period of time. Technical support and consultation for the establishment of control methods for the pollutants discharged by a business are provided, through the continuous assessment and analysis of the pollution level by the remote control of water quality.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water pollution by managing and monitoring the quality of discharged water,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution by managing and monitoring the quality of discharged water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water pollution by managing and monitoring the quality of discharged water,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: effluent

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: managing and monitoring the quality of discharged water,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water pollution by managing and monitoring the quality of discharged water,

text: - Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

text: - Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: - Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are able to survive in water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Taiwan Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: - Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: - Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: - Taipei Country Water Safety Lifesaving Association

text: In Aztec mythic cosmography, Tlaloc ruled the fourth layer of the upper world, or heavens, which is called Tlalocan ("place of Tlaloc") in several Aztec codices, such as the Vaticanus A and Florentine codices. Described as a place of unending springtime and a paradise of green plants, Tlalocan was the destination in the afterlife for those who died violently from phenomena associated with water, such as by lightning, drowning, and water-borne diseases. These violent deaths also included leprosy, venereal disease, sores, dropsy, scabies, gout, and child sacrifices.

text: In Aztec mythic cosmography, Tlaloc ruled the fourth layer of the upper world, or heavens, which is called Tlalocan ("place of Tlaloc") in several Aztec codices, such as the Vaticanus A and Florentine codices. Described as a place of unending springtime and a paradise of green plants, Tlalocan was the destination in the afterlife for those who died violently from phenomena associated with water, such as by lightning, drowning, and water-borne diseases. These violent deaths also included leprosy, venereal disease, sores, dropsy, scabies, gout, and child sacrifices.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water-borne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water-borne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: leprosy

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Tlalocan

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: lightning, drowning, and water-borne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water-borne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water-borne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water-borne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: dropsy,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dropsy,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: water-borne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: lightning, drowning, and water-borne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water-borne diseases.

text: Reclaimed water is highly engineered for safety and reliability so that the quality of reclaimed water is more predictable than many existing surface and groundwater sources. Reclaimed water is considered safe when appropriately used. Reclaimed water planned for use in recharging aquifers or augmenting surface water receives adequate and reliable treatment before mixing with naturally occurring water and undergoing natural restoration processes. Some of this water eventually becomes part of drinking water supplies.

text: Reclaimed water is highly engineered for safety and reliability so that the quality of reclaimed water is more predictable than many existing surface and groundwater sources. Reclaimed water is considered safe when appropriately used. Reclaimed water planned for use in recharging aquifers or augmenting surface water receives adequate and reliable treatment before mixing with naturally occurring water and undergoing natural restoration processes. Some of this water eventually becomes part of drinking water supplies.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: reclaimed water is not treated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Reclaimed water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: many existing surface and groundwater

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Reclaimed water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Reclaimed water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Some of this water eventually becomes part of drinking water supplies.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Reclaimed water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Reclaimed water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Reclaimed water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Reclaimed water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Reclaimed water

text: Safe drinking water is essential to humans and other lifeforms even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients. Access to safe drinking water has improved over the last decades in almost every part of the world, but approximately one billion people still lack access to safe water and over 2.5 billion lack access to adequate sanitation. There is a clear correlation between access to safe water and gross domestic product per capita. However, some observers have estimated that by 2025 more than half of the world population will be facing water-based vulnerability. A report, issued in November 2009, suggests that by 2030, in some developing regions of the world, water demand will exceed supply by 50%.

text: Safe

text: drinking water

text: is essential to humans and other lifeforms even though it provides no

text: calories

text: or

text: organic

text: nutrient

text: s. Access to safe drinking water has improved over the last decades in almost every part of the world, but approximately one billion people still lack access to safe water and over 2.5 billion lack access to adequate

text: sanitation

text: . There is a clear correlation between access to safe water and

text: gross domestic product per capita

text: . However, some observers have estimated that by 2025 more than half of the

text: world population

text: will be facing water-based vulnerability. A report, issued in November 2009, suggests that by 2030, in some developing regions of the world, water demand will exceed supply by 50%.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: other lifeforms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of access to safe water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: one billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: one billion people still lack access to safe water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: lifeforms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: approximately one billion people still lack access to safe water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: one billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: half of the world population will be facing water-based vulnerability.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 2.5 billion lack access to adequate sanitation.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Access to safe drinking water

text: Triclocarban, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea, is a white powder that is insoluble in water. While triclocarban has two chlorinated phenyl rings, it is structurally similar to carbanilide compounds often found in pesticides (such as diuron) and some drugs. Chlorination of ring structures is often associated with hydrophobicity, persistence in the environment, and bioaccumulation in fatty tissues of living organisms. For this reason, chlorine is also a common component of persistent organic pollutants. Triclocarban is incompatible with strong oxidizing reagents and strong bases, reaction with which could result in safety concerns such as explosion, toxicity, gas, and heat.

text: Triclocarban, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea, is a white powder that is insoluble in water. While triclocarban has two chlorinated phenyl rings, it is structurally similar to carbanilide compounds often found in

text: pesticides

text: (such as

text: diuron

text: ) and some drugs. Chlorination of ring structures is often associated with hydrophobicity, persistence in the environment, and bioaccumulation in fatty tissues of living organisms. For this reason, chlorine is also a common component of

text: persistent organic pollutants

text: . Triclocarban is incompatible with strong oxidizing reagents and strong bases, reaction with which could result in safety concerns such as explosion, toxicity, gas, and heat.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: living organisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: bioaccumulation in fatty tissues

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: triclocarban

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Triclocarban,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: living organisms.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: toxicity, gas, and heat.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Triclocarban,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Triclocarban,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: persistent organic pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Triclocarban,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Triclocarban,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Triclocarban,

text: Although not the only example, no better example can be found than the issue of potable water.  Water has always been an important and life-sustaining drink to humans and is essential to the survival of all known organisms. Over large parts of the world, humans have inadequate access to potable water and use sources contaminated with disease vectors, pathogens or unacceptable levels of toxins or suspended solids. Drinking or using such water in food preparation leads to widespread waterborne diseases, causing acute and chronic illnesses or death and misery in many countries.  While the global water cycle is the subject of advanced scientific study and observation, it is still an incompletely understood process.  If availability of water for human consumption is left solely to market forces, those who are most in need of water for subsistence-level survival are also those least likely to be able to purchase it at a market price. Since the water cycle and the natural flows of fresh water resources do not obey the limits of political boundaries, neither can these water resources be managed solely by local- or national-level public authorities.  Privatization of such resources can be used as a method of avoiding contentious public policy-making processes, but is likely to produce inequities. The history of the development of water supply and sanitation in Ecuador and resulting water conflicts there are an example. Thoughtful design of transnational or international water management authorities over such global common-pool resources will play a large part in possible solutions to peak water problems.

text: Although not the only example, no better example can be found than the issue of

text: potable water

text: .  Water has always been an important and life-sustaining drink to humans and is essential to the survival of all known organisms. Over large parts of the world, humans have inadequate access to potable water and use sources contaminated with

text: disease vector

text: s,

text: pathogen

text: s or unacceptable levels of toxins or suspended solids. Drinking or using such water in food preparation leads to widespread

text: waterborne diseases

text: , causing acute and chronic illnesses or death and misery in many countries.  While the global

text: water cycle

text: is the subject of advanced scientific study and observation, it is still an incompletely understood process.  If availability of water for human consumption is left solely to market forces, those who are most in need of water for subsistence-level survival are also those least likely to be able to purchase it at a market price. Since the water cycle and the natural flows of

text: fresh water resources

text: do not obey the limits of political boundaries, neither can these water resources be managed solely by local- or national-level public authorities.

text: Privatization

text: of such resources can be used as a method of avoiding contentious public policy-making processes, but is likely to produce inequities. The history of the development of

text: water supply and sanitation in Ecuador

text: and resulting water conflicts there are an example. Thoughtful design of transnational or international

text: water management

text: authorities over such global common-pool resources will play a large part in possible solutions to

text: peak water

text: problems.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: acute and chronic illnesses

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no better example can be found than the issue of potable water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: large parts of the world, humans have inadequate access to potable water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminated with disease vectors,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: unacceptable levels of toxins or suspended solids.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Drinking or using such water in food preparation leads to widespread waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: world, humans have inadequate access to potable water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Drinking or using such water in food preparation

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Drinking or using such water in food preparation leads to widespread waterborne diseases,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Thoughtful design of transnational or international water management authorities

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Drinking or using such water in food preparation leads to widespread waterborne diseases,

text: Estimating the number of people with access to safe drinking water in a developing country is a challenging task. Since drinking water quality is typically not tested regularly for a representative sample of households through the entire country, there are no reliable data on the share of drinking water that is safe. National household surveys typically ask questions about the type of water source used. House connections, yard connections, standpipes and handpumps that are located within 1 km are classified as what is called an improved water source. Open wells, unprotected springs, rivers, lakes and ponds are not considered improved water sources.

text: Estimating the number of people with access to safe drinking water in a developing country is a challenging task. Since drinking water quality is typically not tested regularly for a representative sample of households through the entire country, there are no reliable data on the share of drinking water that is safe. National household surveys typically ask questions about the type of water source used. House connections, yard connections, standpipes and handpumps that are located within 1 km are classified as what is called an

text: improved water source

text: . Open wells, unprotected springs, rivers, lakes and ponds are not considered improved water sources.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: no reliable data

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water quality is typically not tested regularly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Estimating the number of people with access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developing country

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water quality is typically not tested regularly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Estimating the number of people with access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Open wells, unprotected springs,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Open wells, unprotected springs,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Open wells, unprotected springs,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Estimating the number of people with access to safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Estimating the number of people with access to safe drinking water

text: Scholz's publications have analyzed government regulatory policies from the federal to the local level involving issues of occupational safety and health, water pollution, and taxation, focusing in particular on enforcement and compliance issues.

text: Scholz's publications have analyzed government regulatory policies from the federal to the local level involving issues of

text: occupational safety

text: and health,

text: water pollution

text: , and

text: taxation

text: , focusing in particular on enforcement and compliance issues.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: health,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: enforcement and compliance issues.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: issues of occupational safety and health, water pollution, and taxation,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Scholz's publications have analyzed government regulatory policies

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Scholz's publications have analyzed government regulatory policies

text: Water is also used in many industrial processes and machines, such as the steam turbine and heat exchanger, in addition to its use as a chemical solvent. Discharge of untreated water from industrial uses is pollution. Pollution includes discharged solutes (chemical pollution) and discharged coolant water (thermal pollution). Industry requires pure water for many applications and utilizes a variety of purification techniques both in water supply and discharge.

text: Water is also used in many industrial processes and machines, such as the

text: steam turbine

text: and

text: heat exchanger

text: , in addition to its use as a chemical

text: solvent

text: . Discharge of untreated water from industrial uses is

text: pollution

text: . Pollution includes discharged solutes (chemical pollution) and discharged coolant water (

text: thermal pollution

text: ). Industry requires pure water for many applications and utilizes a variety of purification techniques both in water supply and discharge.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution. Pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Discharge of untreated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Discharge of untreated water from industrial uses is pollution.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Discharge of untreated water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Discharge of untreated water from industrial uses is pollution.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Discharge of untreated water from industrial uses is pollution.

text: The Dublin Statement on Water and Sustainable Development recognises the increasing scarcity of water as a result of the different conflicting uses and overuses of water.

text: The Dublin Statement on Water and Sustainable Development recognises the increasing

text: scarcity of water

text: as a result of the different conflicting uses and overuses of water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: overuses of water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Dublin Statement on Water and Sustainable Development recognises the increasing scarcity of water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: scarcity of water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: overuses of water.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: different conflicting uses and overuses

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Dublin Statement on Water and Sustainable Development

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Dublin Statement on Water and Sustainable Development recognises the increasing scarcity of water

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: scarcity of water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Dublin Statement on Water and Sustainable Development

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Dublin Statement on Water and Sustainable Development

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Dublin Statement on Water and Sustainable Development

text: Public safety diving is the underwater work conducted by law enforcement, fire rescue, and search & rescue/recovery dive teams. Public safety divers differ from recreational, scientific and commercial divers who can generally plan the date, time, and location of a dive, and dive only if the conditions are conducive to the task. Public safety divers respond to emergencies 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and may be required to dive in the middle of the night, during inclement weather, in zero visibility "black water," or in waters polluted by chemicals and biohazards.

text: Public safety diving is the underwater work conducted by law enforcement, fire rescue, and search & rescue/recovery dive teams. Public safety divers differ from recreational, scientific and commercial divers who can generally plan the date, time, and location of a dive, and dive only if the conditions are conducive to the task. Public safety divers respond to emergencies 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and may be required to dive in the middle of the night, during inclement weather, in zero visibility "black water," or in waters polluted by chemicals and biohazards.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biohazards

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: inclement weather

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: biohazards

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Public safety diving

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: recreational, scientific and commercial divers

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biohazards.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: chemicals

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: chemicals and biohazards.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 7 days a week,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: biohazards.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Public safety diving

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Public safety diving

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Public safety diving

text: An alternative to concentrating on disease occurrence is to monitor exposure. An exposure register records data relevant to occupational health-and-safety outcomes. It is different from a disease register in that it concentrates on workplace exposure, rather than the disorders it causes. The measurement services of the institutions for statutory accident insurance and prevention (BGs) in Germany perform exposure measurements at workplaces. The data are stored in the BG/BIA exposure database.

text: An alternative to concentrating on disease occurrence is to monitor exposure. An exposure register records data relevant to occupational health-and-safety outcomes. It is different from a disease register in that it concentrates on workplace exposure, rather than the disorders it causes. The measurement services of the institutions for statutory accident insurance and prevention (BGs) in Germany perform exposure measurements at workplaces. The data are stored in the BG/BIA exposure database.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: An alternative to concentrating on disease occurrence is to monitor exposure.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: exposure register records data relevant to occupational health-and-safety

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: exposure.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: exposure.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: exposure.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: exposure register

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: accident

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: exposure.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: exposure.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: An alternative to concentrating on disease occurrence is to monitor exposure.

text: An assessment of water management in agriculture sector was conducted in 2007 by the International Water Management Institute in Sri Lanka to see if the world had sufficient water to provide food for its growing population. It assessed the current availability of water for agriculture on a global scale and mapped out locations suffering from water scarcity. It found that a fifth of the world's people, more than 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity, where there is not enough water to meet all demands. One third of the worlds population does not have access to clean drinking water, which is more than 2.3 billion people. A further 1.6 billion people live in areas experiencing economic water scarcity, where the lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity make it impossible for authorities to satisfy the demand for water. The report found that it would be possible to produce the food required in future, but that continuation of today's food production and environmental trends would lead to crises in many parts of the world. To avoid a global water crisis, farmers will have to strive to increase productivity to meet growing demands for food, while industry and cities find ways to use water more efficiently.

text: An assessment of water management in agriculture sector was conducted in 2007 by the

text: International Water Management Institute

text: in

text: Sri Lanka

text: to see if the world had sufficient water to provide food for its growing population. It assessed the current availability of water for agriculture on a global scale and mapped out locations suffering from water scarcity. It found that a fifth of the world's people, more than 1.2 billion, live in areas of

text: physical water scarcity

text: , where there is not enough water to meet all demands. One third of the worlds population does not have access to clean drinking water, which is more than 2.3 billion people. A further 1.6 billion people live in areas experiencing

text: economic water scarcity

text: , where the lack of investment in water or insufficient human capacity make it impossible for authorities to satisfy the demand for water. The report found that it would be possible to produce the food required in future, but that continuation of today's food production and environmental trends would lead to crises in many parts of the world. To avoid a global water crisis, farmers will have to strive to increase productivity to meet growing demands for food, while industry and cities find ways to use water more efficiently.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2.3 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.3 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: third

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: there is not enough water to meet all demands.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: One third of the worlds population does not have access to clean drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2.3 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: One third of the worlds population does not have access to clean drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1.2 billion, live in areas of physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: industry and cities find ways to use water more efficiently.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: clean drinking water,

text: Water pollution is a major global problem which requires ongoing evaluation and revision of water resource policy at all levels (international down to individual aquifers and wells). It has been suggested that water pollution is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases, and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily. An estimated 580 people in India die of water pollution related illness every day. About 90 percent of the water in the cities of China is polluted. As of 2007, half a billion Chinese had no access to safe drinking water. In addition to the acute problems of water pollution in developing countries, developed countries also continue to struggle with pollution problems. For example, in the most recent national report on water quality in the United States, 44 percent of assessed stream miles, 64 percent of assessed lake acres, and 30 percent of assessed bays and estuarine square miles were classified as polluted. The head of China's national development agency said in 2007 that one quarter the length of China's seven main rivers were so poisoned the water harmed the skin.

text: Water pollution is a major global problem which requires ongoing evaluation and revision of

text: water resource policy

text: at all levels (international down to individual aquifers and wells). It has been suggested that water pollution is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases, and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily. An estimated 580 people in India die of water pollution related illness every day. About 90 percent of the

text: water in the cities of China

text: is polluted. As of 2007, half a billion Chinese had no access to safe drinking water. In addition to the acute problems of water pollution in

text: developing countries

text: developed countries

text: also continue to struggle with pollution problems. For example, in the most recent national report on

text: water quality

text: in the United States, 44 percent of assessed stream miles, 64 percent of assessed lake acres, and 30 percent of assessed

text: bays

text: and

text: estuarine

text: square miles were classified as polluted. The head of China's national development agency said in 2007 that one quarter the length of China's seven main rivers were so poisoned the water harmed the skin.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 14,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water harmed the skin

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 580 people in India die of water pollution related illness every day.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: half a billion Chinese had no access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: diseases,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 14,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: An estimated 580 people in India die of water pollution related illness every day.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: half a billion Chinese had no access to safe drinking water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: ongoing evaluation and revision of water resource policy

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: developed countries also continue to struggle with pollution problems.

text: In 2014, the City of Flint began undertaking a water supply switch-over from Lake Huron to the Flint River. After the switch was made, residents immediately complained about the smell, taste, and color of the water, as well as skin problems after bathing. State and city officials reassured the public that Flint's water was safe, with Mayor Walling personally testifying to its safety by drinking the water on local television and tweeting that he and his family drink Flint water every day.

text: In 2014, the City of Flint began undertaking a water supply switch-over from Lake Huron to the Flint River. After the switch was made, residents immediately complained about the smell, taste, and color of the water, as well as skin problems after bathing. State and city officials reassured the public that Flint's water was safe, with Mayor Walling personally testifying to its safety by drinking the water on local television and tweeting that he and his family drink Flint water every day.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: the water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: skin problems

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Flint River.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water supply switch-over from Lake Huron to the Flint River.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: skin problems

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: residents immediately complained about the smell, taste, and color of the water,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: skin problems

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Lake Huron

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: skin problems

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Flint water every day.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water supply switch-over

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Flint's water was safe,

text: The work of Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik focuses on the protection of public interests, in particular in relation to stability, fire protection, health and environmental protection, acoustic and thermal insulation, energy efficiency, sustainability, safety in use as well as water pollution control.

text: The work of Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik focuses on the protection of public interests, in particular in relation to stability, fire protection, health and environmental protection, acoustic and thermal insulation, energy efficiency, sustainability, safety in use as well as water pollution control.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: health and environmental protection

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The work of Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water pollution control.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: health and environmental protection,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: health and environmental protection,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution control.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: health and environmental protection,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: health and environmental protection,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water pollution control.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: health and environmental protection,

text: The Sydney Water Corporation announced the water safe to drink again on 4 August.

text: The

text: Sydney Water Corporation

text: announced the water safe to drink again on 4 August.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Sydney Water Corporation announced the water safe to drink again on 4 August.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Sydney Water Corporation announced the water safe to drink again on 4 August.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: drink

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: The Sydney Water Corporation announced the water safe to drink

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Sydney Water Corporation announced the water safe to drink again

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Sydney Water Corporation

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The Sydney Water Corporation announced the water safe to drink again on 4 August.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Sydney Water Corporation announced the water safe to drink again on 4 August.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Sydney Water Corporation announced the water safe to drink again

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Sydney Water Corporation

text: In the United States, the standard for safety in parks is increasingly measured by whether women feel safe in that particular location. This was originally identified by the urban sociologist William H Whyte in his studies decades ago in New York.  Research reveals that women have a different sense of safety compared to men, whether they are walking in their neighborhood or in a park. Dan Biederman, President of the Bryant Park Corp. stated "Women pick up on visual cues of disorder better than men do.... And if women don't see other women, they tend to leave." Whether or not a woman feels safe can determine how much physical activity she has and if it will reach the recommended level for good health and disease prevention. Park designers and planners can take several steps to increase women's safety from sexual assault or other assault, including providing sufficient lighting, having patrols by police officers or other safety officials, and providing emergency buttons for summoning assistance.

text: In the United States, the standard for safety in parks is increasingly measured by whether women feel safe in that particular location. This was originally identified by the urban sociologist

text: William H Whyte

text: in his studies decades ago in New York.  Research reveals that women have a different sense of safety compared to men, whether they are walking in their neighborhood or in a park.

text: Dan Biederman

text: , President of the Bryant Park Corp. stated "Women pick up on visual cues of disorder better than men do.... And if women don't see other women, they tend to leave." Whether or not a woman feels safe can determine how much physical activity she has and if it will reach the recommended level for good health and disease prevention. Park designers and planners can take several steps to increase women's safety from sexual assault or other assault, including providing sufficient lighting, having patrols by police officers or other safety officials, and providing emergency buttons for summoning assistance.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a woman does not feel safe

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In the United States,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: disease prevention.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: "Women pick up on visual cues of disorder

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: disease prevention.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: States,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sexual assault

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: women have a different sense of safety compared to men,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: prevention.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: In the United States,

text: Poor waste management also disrupts the harmony of health and the lifestyle of Zimbabwe. As mentioned above in water pollution, clean water is difficult to obtain. Hence, those who can afford bottled water are forced to buy them in order to provide themselves with drinking water. However, once they are done with using the bottles, the bottles are often thrown away or burned. The burning of plastic releases toxic and carcinogenic fumes, which if inhaled causes great damage on the body. Some of the chemicals released in this process are benzo(a)pyrene and other polyaromatic hydrocarbons. These fumes pollute the atmosphere, causing a greater long-term damage which will eventually work against the health and lifestyle of Zimbabwe.

text: Poor waste management also disrupts the harmony of health and the lifestyle of Zimbabwe. As mentioned above in water pollution, clean water is difficult to obtain. Hence, those who can afford bottled water are forced to buy them in order to provide themselves with drinking water. However, once they are done with using the bottles, the bottles are often thrown away or burned. The burning of plastic releases toxic and carcinogenic fumes, which if inhaled causes great damage on the body. Some of the chemicals released in this process are benzo(a)pyrene and other polyaromatic hydrocarbons. These fumes pollute the atmosphere, causing a greater long-term damage which will eventually work against the health and lifestyle of Zimbabwe.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: carcinogenic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: if inhaled

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: carcinogenic

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Zimbabwe.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: clean water is difficult to obtain.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: carcinogenic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: The burning of plastic

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Zimbabwe.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: carcinogenic

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Poor waste management

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: burned.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: bottled water

text: In urban and suburban areas, urban runoff from private and civic properties can be guided by grading and bioswales for rainwater harvesting collection and bioretention within the "tree-lawn" - parkway zone in rain gardens. This is done for reducing runoff of rain and domestic water: for their carrying waterborne pollution off-site into storm drains and sewer systems; and for the groundwater recharge of aquifers.

text: In urban and suburban areas,

text: urban runoff

text: from private and civic properties can be guided by

text: grading

text: and

text: bioswale

text: s for

text: rainwater harvesting

text: collection and

text: bioretention

text: within the "tree-lawn" - parkway zone in

text: rain garden

text: s. This is done for reducing runoff of rain and domestic water: for their carrying waterborne pollution off-site into

text: storm drain

text: s and sewer systems; and for the

text: groundwater recharge

text: of

text: aquifer

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In urban and suburban areas,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: urban and suburban areas,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne pollution off-site into storm drains and sewer systems;

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne pollution off-site into storm drains and sewer systems;

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: bioswales

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: bioswales

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: grading and bioswales

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: waterborne pollution off-site into storm drains and sewer systems;

text: "Findings from the "AFN First Nations Regional Longitudinal Health Survey 2002/2003 study (March 2007) are notable: More than 1/5 of adult respondents report that they have no access to garbage collection services; Nine percent of homes do not have either sewage service or a septic tank; and Only 2/3 of respondents considered their water safe to drink: Over 60 percent of respondents obtain their drinking water from bottled water. To cite a 2003 INAC study, 39 percent of water systems exceeded one or more of the risk indicator thresholds occasionally or continuously. Among key informants, there was unanimous consensus that there is a clear infrastructure deficit on reserve and in the different categories, according to the community; investment needed in housing, school, water facilities, and roads were usually mentioned as examples."

text: "Findings from the "AFN First Nations Regional Longitudinal Health Survey 2002/2003 study (March 2007) are notable: More than 1/5 of adult respondents report that they have no access to garbage collection services; Nine percent of homes do not have either sewage service or a septic tank; and Only 2/3 of respondents considered their water safe to drink: Over 60 percent of respondents obtain their drinking water from bottled water. To cite a 2003 INAC study, 39 percent of water systems exceeded one or more of the risk indicator thresholds occasionally or continuously. Among key informants, there was unanimous consensus that there is a clear infrastructure deficit on reserve and in the different categories, according to the community; investment needed in housing, school, water facilities, and roads were usually mentioned as examples."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2/3

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: garbage collection services

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Over 60 percent of respondents obtain their drinking water from bottled water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Over 60 percent of respondents obtain their drinking water from bottled water.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2/3

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: risk indicator

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water systems exceeded one or more of the risk indicator thresholds occasionally or continuously.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Over 60 percent of respondents obtain their drinking water from bottled water.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 2/3

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Over 60 percent of respondents obtain their drinking water from bottled water.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Over 60 percent of respondents obtain their drinking water from bottled water.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: investment needed in housing, school, water facilities, and roads

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Over 60 percent of respondents obtain their drinking water from bottled water.

text: The Coastal Aquifer is the only source of water in the Gaza strip. It runs beneath the coast of Israel, with Gaza downstream at the end of the basin. With the water flows underground mainly east-west, however, Palestinian extractions from the aquifer have no effect on the Israeli side. Israel, on the contrary, has installed a cordon of  numerous deep wells along the Gaza border and in this way extracts much of the groundwater before it can reach Gaza. Israel sells a limited part of the water to the Palestinians in Gaza. While Israel transports water from the north of its territory to the south, the Palestinians are not allowed to move water from the West Bank to Gaza. This is a reason why this aquifer is heavily over-exploited, resulting in seawater intrusion. The aquifer is polluted by salt as well as nitrate from wastewater infiltration and fertilizers. Only 5-10% of the aquifer yields drinking water quality. By 2000, the water from the Coastal Aquifer in the Gaza region was considered no longer drinkable due to high salinity from the sea water intrusion and high nitrate pollution from agricultural activity.

text: The Coastal Aquifer is the only source of water in the Gaza strip. It runs beneath the coast of Israel, with Gaza downstream at the end of the basin. With the water flows underground mainly east-west, however, Palestinian extractions from the aquifer have no effect on the Israeli side. Israel, on the contrary, has installed a cordon of  numerous deep wells along the Gaza border and in this way extracts much of the groundwater before it can reach Gaza. Israel sells a limited part of the water to the Palestinians in Gaza. While Israel transports water from the north of its territory to the south, the Palestinians are not allowed to move water from the West Bank to Gaza. This is a reason why this aquifer is heavily over-exploited, resulting in seawater intrusion. The aquifer is polluted by salt as well as

text: nitrate

text: from wastewater infiltration and fertilizers. Only 5-10% of the aquifer yields drinking water quality. By 2000, the water from the Coastal Aquifer in the Gaza region was considered no longer drinkable due to high salinity from the sea water intrusion and high nitrate pollution from agricultural activity.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: high salinity from the sea water intrusion

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Coastal Aquifer

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 5-10%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: salt as well as nitrate from wastewater infiltration and fertilizers.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: salt as well as nitrate from wastewater infiltration and fertilizers.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: nitrate from wastewater infiltration and fertilizers.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: salt

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: nitrate

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Coastal Aquifer

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: deep wells

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Coastal Aquifer

text: Children with diarrhea who drink mostly water or overly dilute drinks with too little salt may develop hyponatraemia (serum sodium less than 130 mmol/liter). This is especially common in children with shigellosis and in severely malnourished children with edema. ORS is safe and effective for nearly all children with hyponatraemia, an exception being children with edema for whom ORS provides too much sodium.

text: Children with diarrhea who drink mostly water or overly dilute drinks with too little salt may develop hyponatraemia (serum sodium less than 130 mmol/liter). This is especially common in children with shigellosis and in severely malnourished children with edema. ORS is safe and effective for nearly all children with hyponatraemia, an exception being children with edema for whom ORS provides too much sodium.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: nearly all

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: shigellosis

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: shigellosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Children with diarrhea who drink mostly water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: nearly all

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: shigellosis

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: overly dilute drinks with too little salt

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: shigellosis

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 130 mmol/liter).

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: diarrhea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: shigellosis

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: ORS is safe and effective for nearly all children with hyponatraemia,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: ORS

text: The urbanization of the watershed, and associated with it the pollution of urban runoff and stormwater, has degraded the water quality in Ballona Creek and its Estuary. Ballona Creek is listed by the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board impaired for fecal coliform, heavy metals, and pesticides. Dry weather urban runoff and storm water, both conveyed by storm drains, are the primary sources of pollutions in the Creek.

text: The

text: urbanization

text: of the watershed, and associated with it the pollution of

text: urban runoff

text: and

text: stormwater

text: , has degraded the water quality in Ballona Creek and its Estuary. Ballona Creek is listed by the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board impaired for

text: fecal coliform

text: heavy metals

text: , and

text: pesticides

text: . Dry weather urban runoff and storm water, both conveyed by

text: storm drain

text: s, are the primary sources of

text: pollution

text: s in the Creek.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: coliform

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: urbanization

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: coliform

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: coliform

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Ballona Creek

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water quality in Ballona Creek and its Estuary.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: fecal coliform,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: urbanization

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: fecal coliform, heavy metals, and pesticides.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: fecal coliform,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fecal coliform,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: fecal coliform, heavy metals, and pesticides.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The urbanization

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: pollution of urban runoff and stormwater,

text: Ozone is an unstable molecule which readily gives up one atom of oxygen providing a powerful oxidizing agent which is toxic to most waterborne organisms. It is a very strong, broad spectrum disinfectant that is widely used in Europe. It is an effective method to inactivate harmful protozoa that form cysts. It also works well against almost all other pathogens. Ozone is made by passing oxygen through ultraviolet light or a "cold" electrical discharge. To use ozone as a disinfectant, it must be created on-site and added to the water by bubble contact. Some of the advantages of ozone include the production of fewer dangerous by-products and the absence of taste and odour problems (in comparison to chlorination). Another advantage of ozone is that it leaves no residual disinfectant in the water. Ozone has been used in drinking water plants since 1906 where the first industrial ozonation plant was built in Nice, France. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has accepted ozone as being safe; and it is applied as an anti-microbiological agent for the treatment, storage, and processing of foods. However, although fewer by-products are formed by ozonation, it has been discovered that ozone reacts with bromide ions in water to produce concentrations of the suspected carcinogen bromate.  Bromide can be found in fresh water supplies in sufficient concentrations to produce (after ozonation) more than 10 parts per billion (ppb) of bromate — the maximum contaminant level established by the USEPA.

text: Ozone

text: is an unstable molecule which readily gives up one atom of oxygen providing a powerful oxidizing agent which is toxic to most waterborne organisms. It is a very strong, broad spectrum disinfectant that is widely used in Europe. It is an effective method to inactivate harmful protozoa that form cysts. It also works well against almost all other pathogens. Ozone is made by passing oxygen through ultraviolet light or a "cold" electrical discharge. To use ozone as a disinfectant, it must be created on-site and added to the water by bubble contact. Some of the advantages of ozone include the production of fewer dangerous by-products and the absence of taste and odour problems (in comparison to

text: chlorination

text: ). Another advantage of ozone is that it leaves no residual disinfectant in the water. Ozone has been used in drinking water plants since 1906 where the first industrial ozonation plant was built in

text: Nice

text: , France. The

text: U.S. Food and Drug Administration

text: has accepted ozone as being safe; and it is applied as an anti-microbiological agent for the treatment, storage, and processing of foods. However, although fewer by-products are formed by ozonation, it has been discovered that ozone reacts with bromide ions in water to produce concentrations of the suspected carcinogen

text: bromate

text: .  Bromide can be found in fresh water supplies in sufficient concentrations to produce (after ozonation) more than 10 parts per billion (ppb) of bromate — the maximum contaminant level established by the USEPA.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne organisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Ozone is an unstable molecule

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cysts

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Ozone

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: anti-microbiological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oxidizing agent

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Ozone

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 10 parts per billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cysts.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Ozone

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Ozone

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Ozone

text: The Najafgarh drain or Najafgarh nallah (nallah in Hindi means rivulet or storm water drain) is another name for the River Sahibi, which continues its flow through Delhi, where it is channelized, and then flows into the Yamuna. Within Delhi, due to its channelization for flood control purposes, it is now erroneously called "Najafgarh drain" or "Najafgarh nallah." It gets this name from the once famous and huge Najafgarh Jheel (lake) near the town of Najafgarh in southwest Delhi and within urbanized Delhi. It is the Indian capital’s most polluted water body due to direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. A January 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board classifies this drain, with 13 other highly polluted wetlands, under category ‘‘D’’ for assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats.

text: The Najafgarh drain or Najafgarh nallah (nallah in Hindi means rivulet or storm water drain) is another name for the

text: River Sahibi

text: , which continues its flow through

text: Delhi

text: , where it is channelized, and then flows into the

text: Yamuna

text: . Within Delhi, due to its channelization for flood control purposes, it is now erroneously called "Najafgarh drain" or "Najafgarh nallah." It gets this name from the once famous and huge

text: Najafgarh Jheel (lake)

text: near the town of

text: Najafgarh

text: in southwest Delhi and within urbanized Delhi. It is the Indian capital’s most polluted water body due to direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. A January 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board classifies this drain, with 13 other highly polluted wetlands, under category ‘‘D’’ for assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: River Sahibi,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 2005 report by the Central Pollution Control Board

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: untreated sewage

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 13 other highly polluted wetlands, under category ‘‘D’’

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Najafgarh drain

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: untreated sewage

text: For example, the United States Clean Water Act defines "pollution" (i.e., water pollution) very broadly to include any and all "man-made or man-induced alteration of the chemical, physical, biological, and radiological integrity of water." However, the Act defines "pollutants" subject to its control more specifically, as "dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, filter backwash, sewage, garbage, sewage sludge, munitions, chemical wastes, biological materials, radioactive materials [with certain exceptions], heat, wrecked or discarded equipment, rock, sand, cellar dirt and industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste discharged into water. "  This definition begins to define both the classes or types of materials (e.g., solid waste) and energies (e.g., heat) that may constitute water pollution, and indicates the moment at which otherwise useful materials may be transformed into pollution for regulatory purposes: when they are "discharged into water," defined elsewhere as "addition" of the material to regulated waters.

text: For example, the United States

text: Clean Water Act

text: defines "pollution" (i.e., water pollution) very broadly to include any and all "man-made or man-induced alteration of the chemical, physical, biological, and radiological integrity of water." However, the Act defines "pollutants" subject to its control more specifically, as "dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, filter backwash, sewage, garbage, sewage sludge, munitions, chemical wastes, biological materials, radioactive materials [with certain exceptions], heat, wrecked or discarded equipment, rock, sand, cellar dirt and industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste discharged into water. "  This definition begins to define both the classes or types of materials (e.g., solid waste) and energies (e.g., heat) that may constitute water pollution, and indicates the moment at which otherwise useful materials may be transformed into pollution for regulatory purposes: when they are "discharged into water," defined elsewhere as "addition" of the material to regulated waters.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological materials

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: man-made

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: United States Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological materials,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: when they are "discharged into water,"

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: sewage, garbage, sewage sludge,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: sewage,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: sewage, garbage, sewage sludge,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: United States Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: United States Clean Water Act

text: A submersible bridge is a type of movable bridge that lowers the bridge deck below the water level to permit waterborne traffic to use the waterway. This differs from a lift bridge or table bridge, which operate by  raising the roadway. Two submersible bridges exist across the Corinth Canal, one at each end, in Isthmia and Corinth. They lower the centre span to 8 metres below water level when they give way to ships crossing the channel.

text: A submersible bridge is a type of

text: movable bridge

text: that lowers the bridge deck below the water level to permit waterborne traffic to use the waterway. This differs from a

text: lift bridge

text: or

text: table bridge

text: , which operate by  raising the roadway. Two submersible bridges exist across the

text: Corinth Canal

text: , one at each end, in

text: Isthmia

text: and

text: Corinth

text: . They lower the centre span to 8 metres below water level when they give way to ships crossing the channel.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: submersible bridges

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Corinth

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: A submersible bridge

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: A submersible bridge

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: submersible bridge

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: submersible bridge

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: submersible bridge

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: submersible bridge

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: A submersible bridge

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: submersible bridge

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: A submersible bridge

text: In the last century, water use has greatly outpaced the rate of population growth: people are using more water than ever before. By 2025, up to 1.8 billion people could face water scarcity. Water scarcity can take two forms: physical water scarcity, or low quantity of water, and economic water scarcity, or low quality of water.

text: In the last century, water use has greatly outpaced the rate of population growth: people are using more water than ever before. By 2025, up to 1.8 billion people could face

text: water scarcity

text: . Water scarcity can take two forms:

text: physical water scarcity

text: , or low quantity of water, and

text: economic water scarcity

text: , or low quality of water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water is scarce

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 1.8 billion people could face water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: people are using more water than ever before.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: water use has greatly outpaced the rate of population growth:

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water use has greatly outpaced the rate of population growth:

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 1.8 billion

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1.8 billion people could face water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: physical water scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water use has greatly outpaced the rate of population growth:

text: Itai Rusike, Executive Director of the Community Working Group on Health (CWGH), said on June 18, 2007, that the unavailability of drinking water and the contamination of available water had increased the number of citizens at risk for waterborne diseases. Many have already suffered from dysentery. The Public Health Act forbids shutting off water for more than two days. Rusike called on Parirenyatwa to use the Public Health Act to make Munacho Mutezo, the Minister of Water Resources and Infrastructural Development, turn on the tap. "If there is an outbreak of diseases now, it is [Parirenyatwa] who would be blamed."

text: Itai Rusike, Executive Director of the Community Working Group on Health (CWGH), said on June 18, 2007, that the unavailability of drinking water and the contamination of available water had increased the number of citizens at risk for

text: waterborne diseases

text: . Many have already suffered from

text: dysentery

text: . The Public Health Act forbids shutting off water for more than two days. Rusike called on Parirenyatwa to use the Public Health Act to make

text: Munacho Mutezo

text: , the Minister of Water Resources and Infrastructural Development, turn on the tap. "If there is an outbreak of diseases now, it is [Parirenyatwa] who would be blamed."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dysentery

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: the unavailability of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: the unavailability of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: unavailability of drinking water and the contamination of available water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: dysentery.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: two days.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: dysentery.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne diseases.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Parirenyatwa to use the Public Health Act

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: the unavailability of drinking water

text: The Safe Drinking Water Act, implemented in 1974, establishes rules and regulations to ensure safe drinking water for the public.  Standards are established across all states to ensure that all drinking water meets established standards.

text: The Safe Drinking Water Act, implemented in 1974, establishes rules and regulations to ensure safe drinking water for the public.  Standards are established across all states to ensure that all drinking water meets established standards.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: all states

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Standards are established across all states to ensure that all drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: states

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The Safe Drinking Water Act,

text: The 8 hour time weighted average (TWA) is set at 0.5 mg/m by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) as a legal permissible exposure limit (PEL) in the workplace. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 0.5 mg/m as an 8 hour TWA. Antimony compounds are used as catalysts for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) production. Some studies report minor antimony leaching from PET bottles into liquids, but levels are below drinking water guidelines. Antimony concentrations in fruit juice concentrates were somewhat higher (up to 44.7 µg/L of antimony), but juices do not fall under the drinking water regulations. The drinking water guidelines are:

text: The 8 hour time weighted average (TWA) is set at 0.5 mg/m by the

entity_name: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists

text: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists

text: and by the

text: Occupational Safety and Health Administration

text: (OSHA) as a legal

text: permissible exposure limit

text: (PEL) in the workplace. The

text: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

text: (NIOSH) has set a

text: recommended exposure limit

text: (REL) of 0.5 mg/m as an 8 hour TWA. Antimony compounds are used as catalysts for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) production. Some studies report minor antimony leaching from PET bottles into liquids, but levels are below drinking water guidelines. Antimony concentrations in fruit juice concentrates were somewhat higher (up to 44.7 µg/L of antimony), but juices do not fall under the drinking water regulations. The drinking water guidelines are:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with toxins

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: antimony leaching

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: context: The 8 hour time weighted average (TWA) is set at 0.5 mg/m

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: levels are below drinking water guidelines.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0.5 mg/m

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: 0.5 mg/m by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: antimony leaching

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: levels are below drinking water guidelines.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0.5 mg/m

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Antimony

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Antimony

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: levels are below drinking water guidelines.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: levels are below drinking water guidelines.

text: Water quality of the basin is very good.  The upper catchment is heavily timbered (state forests and national parks); there is a small amount of logging in the Yadboro State Forest. There are no polluting industries in its catchment, nor any sewage outflows, and thus the river has a reputation for the cleanest, least polluted waters of any major river in eastern Australia.

text: Water quality of the basin is very good.  The upper catchment is heavily timbered (state forests and national parks); there is a small amount of logging in the Yadboro State Forest. There are no polluting industries in its catchment, nor any sewage outflows, and thus the river has a reputation for the cleanest, least polluted waters of any major river in eastern Australia.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluting

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: polluting industries

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage outflows

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: cleanest, least polluted waters of any major river in eastern Australia.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: a small amount of logging in the Yadboro State Forest.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluting industries

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: cleanest, least polluted waters of any major river in eastern Australia.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Australia.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: cleanest, least polluted waters of any major river in eastern Australia.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: cleanest, least polluted waters of any major river in eastern Australia.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: cleanest, least polluted waters of any major river in eastern Australia.

text: Another innovative approach is the community partnership with SONES, SdE and an international NGO with local roots, Enda Tiers-Monde, to select the location for standpipes, build and to operate them. The program installs metered standposts to serve poor households who previously used polluted well water. The program is demand-responsive rather than relying on supply-side targeting of the poor. Community involvement is strong—they are heavily involved in planning, construction and maintenance, leading to strong ownership and near 100 per cent cost recovery. All standposts are metered—the households pay the standpost operator whilst the operator pays the utility for bulk water. The community itself chooses the operator (or a group of rotating operators) who may work for the community for a salary or occasionally for themselves for a share. There are two types of standpipe schemes—in one SONES fully finances the cost of the infrastructure, in the other ENDA finances the infrastructure. This latter scheme, known as the ‘Eau Populaire’ program, began in 1995. The SONES scheme has installed roughly 250 standposts, the ENDA scheme roughly 130. In 2001, an estimated 200,000 people had received access to potable water thanks to the ‘Eau Populaire’ project. The project has led to a significant drop in waterborne illnesses in children. It has also led to the creation of several hundred jobs (standpost operators who receive between 30,000 and 80,000 CFA per month), as well as funding other local projects via standpost receipts.

text: Another innovative approach is the community partnership with SONES, SdE and an international NGO with local roots,

text: Enda Tiers-Monde

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: children

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 200,000 people had received access to potable water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 200,000

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne illnesses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne illnesses

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne illnesses

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: children.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: children.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne illnesses in children.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: standpipes,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: The project has led to a significant drop in waterborne illnesses in children.

text: A system will also require an approved steam safety valve and water level control as well as valves for water into the boiler and steam to the engine.  If the system is intended to run without supervision, then sensors and automatic safety shutdown systems are needed.

text: A system will also require an approved steam

text: safety valve

text: and water level control as well as valves for water into the boiler and steam to the engine.  If the system is intended to run without supervision, then sensors and automatic safety shutdown systems are needed.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected with toxins

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: A system will also require an approved steam safety valve and water level control

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: sensors and automatic safety shutdown systems

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: supervision,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: sensors and automatic safety shutdown systems

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: steam safety valve

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: steam safety valve

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: sensors and automatic safety shutdown systems

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: sensors and automatic safety shutdown systems

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: sensors and automatic safety shutdown systems are needed.

text: Many small communities obtain their drinking water from diverse sources (lakes, streams, springs and groundwater wells). Levels of treatment vary widely, from rudimentary systems with coarse screening or settling followed by disinfection (usually chlorination), to more sophisticated systems using a filtration step. It should be noted that unless a high quality source is used, such as secure groundwater, disinfection alone is unlikely to guarantee that drinking water is safe from protozoa such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium, which are relatively resistant to standard disinfectants and which require additional removal steps such as filtration.

text: Many small communities obtain their drinking water from diverse sources (lakes, streams, springs and groundwater wells). Levels of treatment vary widely, from rudimentary systems with coarse screening or settling followed by disinfection (usually chlorination), to more sophisticated systems using a filtration step. It should be noted that unless a high quality source is used, such as secure groundwater, disinfection alone is unlikely to guarantee that drinking water is safe from protozoa such as

text: Giardia

text: and

text: Cryptosporidium

text: , which are relatively resistant to standard disinfectants and which require additional removal steps such as filtration.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: protozoa

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: protozoa

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Giardia

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Many small communities obtain their drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (lakes, streams, springs and groundwater wells).

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: protozoa

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: relatively resistant to standard disinfectants

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Giardia and Cryptosporidium,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Giardia and Cryptosporidium,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Giardia and Cryptosporidium,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Giardia and Cryptosporidium,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: disinfection

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: disinfection

text: Viruses are a major cause of human waterborne and water-related diseases. Waterborne diseases are caused by water that is contaminated by human and animal urine and feces that contain pathogenic microorganisms. A subject can get infected through contact with or consumption of the contaminated water. Viruses affect all living organisms from single cellular plants, bacteria and animal to the highest forms of plants and animals including human beings. Viruses can interact with their host through several methods and mechanisms; some viruses can be host specific (HIV) and some can be less host specific (influenza) viruses.  Different viruses can have different routes of transmission; for example, HIV is directly transferred by contaminated body fluids from an infected host into the tissue or bloodstream of a new host while influenza is airborne and transmitted through inhalation of contaminated air containing viral particles by a new host. Enteric viruses primarily infect the intestinal tract through ingestion of food and water contaminated with viruses of fecal origin. Some viruses can be transmitted through all three routes of transmission.

text: Viruses are a major cause of human waterborne and water-related diseases. Waterborne diseases are caused by water that is contaminated by human and animal urine and feces that contain

text: pathogenic

text: microorganism

text: s. A subject can get infected through contact with or consumption of the contaminated water.

text: Virus

text: es affect all living organisms from single cellular plants, bacteria and animal to the highest forms of plants and animals including human beings. Viruses can interact with their host through several methods and mechanisms; some viruses can be host specific (

text: HIV

text: ) and some can be less host specific (

text: influenza

text: ) viruses.  Different viruses can have different routes of transmission; for example, HIV is directly transferred by contaminated body fluids from an infected host into the tissue or bloodstream of a new host while influenza is airborne and transmitted through inhalation of contaminated air containing viral particles by a new host. Enteric viruses primarily infect the intestinal tract through ingestion of food and water contaminated with viruses of fecal origin. Some viruses can be transmitted through all three routes of transmission.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microorganism

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: HIV

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Viruses

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Viruses

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: microorganisms.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Viruses

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Viruses

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: urine and feces that contain pathogenic microorganisms.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Viruses

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Viruses

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: contaminated by human and animal urine and feces

text: Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. Point source pollution occurs when there is a single, identifiable, and localized source of the pollution. An example is directly discharging sewage and industrial waste into the ocean.  Pollution such as this occurs particularly in developing nations. Nonpoint source pollution occurs when the pollution comes from ill-defined and diffuse sources. These can be difficult to regulate. Agricultural runoff and wind blown debris are prime examples.

text: Pollution is often classed as

text: point source

text: or

text: nonpoint source pollution

text: . Point source pollution occurs when there is a single, identifiable, and localized source of the pollution. An example is directly discharging sewage and industrial waste into the ocean.  Pollution such as this occurs particularly in developing nations. Nonpoint source pollution occurs when the pollution comes from ill-defined and diffuse sources. These can be difficult to regulate. Agricultural

text: runoff

text: and wind blown

text: debris

text: are prime examples.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developing nations.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: ill-defined and diffuse sources.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Point source pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: developing nations.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Agricultural runoff

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Point source pollution

text: Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand or CBOD is a method defined test measured by the depletion of dissolved oxygen by biological organisms in a body of water in which the contribution from nitrogenous bacteria has been suppressed. CBOD is a method defined parameter is widely used as an indication of the pollutant removal from wastewater. It is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S. Clean Water Act.

text: Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand or CBOD is a method defined test measured by the depletion of dissolved oxygen by biological organisms in a body of water in which the contribution from nitrogenous bacteria has been suppressed. CBOD is a method defined parameter is widely used as an indication of the pollutant removal from

text: wastewater

text: . It is listed as a conventional pollutant in the U.S.

text: Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological organisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: depletion of dissolved oxygen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand or CBOD

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: U.S. Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological organisms

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: depletion of dissolved oxygen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand or CBOD

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: nitrogenous bacteria

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand or CBOD

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand or CBOD

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand or CBOD

text: Meanwhile, Porter's Mississippi Squadron had ascended the Red River to support a Union Army thrust toward Texas. However, the forces had met reverses and were retiring. This left the Union gunboats without land support and in danger of being caught upstream by the falling water level in the river. Now Porter needed help, and Tallahatchie ascended the Mississippi and entered the Red River which she patrolled from Fort De Russy to the mouth of the Black River to protect the Mississippi Squadron's waterborne communications.

text: Meanwhile, Porter's

text: Mississippi Squadron

text: had ascended the

text: Red River

text: to support a

text: Union Army

text: thrust toward

text: Texas

text: . However, the forces had met reverses and were retiring. This left the Union gunboats without land support and in danger of being caught upstream by the falling water level in the river. Now Porter needed help, and Tallahatchie ascended the Mississippi and entered the Red River which she patrolled from

text: Fort De Russy

text: to the mouth of the Black River to protect the Mississippi Squadron's waterborne communications.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a pathogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Red River

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Mississippi Squadron had ascended the Red River

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne communications.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: falling water level

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Tallahatchie

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Mississippi Squadron had ascended the Red River

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Black River

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Mississippi Squadron had ascended the Red River

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Union gunboats without land support

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: waterborne communications.

text: The town management society of Dourkhan is working on development and infrastructure improvement with the support of AKDN and other international NGOs. Recently a sewage-system project was completed, and a safe-drinking-water project is near its completion.

text: The town management society of Dourkhan is working on development and infrastructure improvement with the support of

text: AKDN

text: and other international

text: NGO

text: s. Recently a sewage-system project was completed, and a safe-drinking-water project is near its completion.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sewage-system project was completed

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Dourkhan

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: AKDN

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: safe-drinking-water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: safe-drinking-water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: safe-drinking-water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: AKDN

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: safe-drinking-water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: safe-drinking-water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: safe-drinking-water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe-drinking-water

text: Environmental Pollution is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the biological, health, and ecological effects of environmental pollution. It was established in 1980 as two parts: Environmental Pollution Series A: Ecological and Biological and Environmental Pollution Series B: Chemical and Physical. These parts were merged together in 1987 to form the journal under its current title. It is published by Elsevier and the editors-in-chief are David O. Carpenter (University at Albany, SUNY) and Eddy Y. Zeng (Jinan University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 4.143.

text: Environmental Pollution is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the biological, health, and ecological effects of

text: environmental pollution

text: . It was established in 1980 as two parts: Environmental Pollution Series A: Ecological and Biological and Environmental Pollution Series B: Chemical and Physical. These parts were merged together in 1987 to form the journal under its current title. It is published by

text: Elsevier

text: and the

text: editors-in-chief

text: are

text: David O. Carpenter

text: University at Albany, SUNY

text: ) and

text: Eddy Y. Zeng

text: Jinan University

text: ). According to the

text: Journal Citation Reports

text: , the journal has a 2014

text: impact factor

text: of 4.143.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: E. coli

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Environmental Pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 4.143.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: biological,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: biological, health, and ecological effects of environmental pollution.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Environmental Pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 4.143.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Environmental Pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Environmental Pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Environmental Pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Environmental Pollution

text: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (or CDC) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services based in the Metro Atlanta area, adjacent to the campus of Emory University and northeast of downtown Atlanta. It works to protect public health and safety by providing information to enhance health decisions, and it promotes health through partnerships with state health departments and other organizations. The CDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease prevention and control (especially infectious diseases), environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion, prevention and education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the United States.

text: The

text: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

text: (or CDC) is an agency of the

text: United States

entity_name: United States Department of Health and Human Services

text: Department of Health and Human Services

text: based in the Metro Atlanta area, adjacent to the campus of

text: Emory University

text: and northeast of

text: downtown Atlanta

text: . It works to protect

text: public health

text: and

text: safety

text: by providing information to enhance health decisions, and it promotes health through partnerships with state health departments and other organizations. The CDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease prevention and control (especially

text: infectious disease

text: s),

text: environmental health

text: occupational safety and health

text: health promotion

text: prevention

text: and

text: education

text: activities designed to improve the health of the people of the United States.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: infectious diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: infectious diseases

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: CDC

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: swine flu

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: infectious diseases),

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: infectious diseases),

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: infectious diseases),

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: infectious diseases),

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: environmental health,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: CDC) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: disease prevention and control

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: United States.

text: Drug pollution or pharmaceutical pollution is pollution of the environment with pharmaceutical drugs and their metabolites, which reach the marine environment (groundwater, rivers, lakes, and oceans) through wastewater. Drug pollution is therefore mainly a form of water pollution.

text: Drug pollution or pharmaceutical pollution is

text: pollution

text: of the

text: environment

text: with

text: pharmaceutical drug

text: s and their

text: metabolite

text: s, which reach the marine environment (

text: groundwater

text: river

text: s,

text: lake

text: s, and

text: ocean

text: s) through

text: wastewater

text: . Drug pollution is therefore mainly a form of

text: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drug pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: drug pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Drug pollution

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: (groundwater,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Drug pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: wastewater.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Drug pollution

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: (groundwater, rivers, lakes, and oceans)

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Drug pollution

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Drug pollution

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Drug pollution

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Drug pollution

text: Households on Funafuti and Nukulaelae were rationed to two buckets of fresh-water a day (40 litres). A resident of Funafuti (in a household of 5 people) is quoted as saying that it is "hard, very hard" for her household to get by on the ration of two buckets of water a day. Meanwhile, other Tuvaluans were being forced to pay for imported foods as the consequence of failing crops as the result of the drought. Princess Margaret Hospital limited admissions to try and cope with the water rationing, with a fear that there may be a rise in waterborne diseases due to a lack of public bathing.

text: Households on

text: Funafuti

text: and

text: Nukulaelae

text: were rationed to two buckets of fresh-water a day (40 litres). A resident of Funafuti (in a household of 5 people) is quoted as saying that it is "hard, very hard" for her household to get by on the ration of two buckets of water a day. Meanwhile, other Tuvaluans were being forced to pay for imported foods as the consequence of failing crops as the result of the drought.

text: Princess Margaret Hospital

text: limited admissions to try and cope with the water rationing, with a fear that there may be a rise in waterborne diseases due to a lack of public bathing.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: waterborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: lack of public bathing

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Funafuti

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: fresh-water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of public bathing.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases due to a lack of public bathing.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Funafuti

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: a lack of public bathing.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: waterborne diseases due to a lack of public bathing.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: lack of public bathing.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: lack of public bathing.

text: Most pontoon bridges are temporary, used in wartime and civil emergencies. Permanent floating bridges are useful for sheltered water-crossings where it is not considered economically feasible to suspend a bridge from anchored piers. Such bridges can require a section that is elevated, or can be raised or removed, to allow waterborne traffic to pass.

text: Most pontoon bridges are temporary, used in wartime and civil emergencies. Permanent floating bridges are useful for sheltered water-crossings where it is not considered economically feasible to suspend a bridge from anchored

text: pier

text: s. Such bridges can require a section that is elevated, or can be raised or removed, to allow waterborne traffic to pass.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Most pontoon bridges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Permanent floating bridges

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: anchored piers.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: anchored piers.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Permanent floating bridges

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Permanent floating bridges

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: traffic

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Permanent floating bridges

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Permanent floating bridges

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Permanent floating bridges

text: In 1974, the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was passed to protect the quality of U.S. public drinking water and aims to protect above and below ground water sources that are or could potentially be used for human consumption. Section C of the SDWA requires the EPA to establish minimum regulations for state Underground Injection Control Programs. Under part C, Section 1421 of the SDWA, underground injection is "the subsurface emplacement of fluids by well injection." The oil and gas industry makes extensive use of Class II injection wells, which are regulated under the SDWA. There are currently about 144,000 such wells with permits issued to SDWA standards. Most Class II injector wells are for enhanced oil recovery, such as waterfloods. About 20 percent of Class II wells are used in waste disposal, to dispose of produced water, usually brine, into deep formations below the base of fresh water.

text: In 1974, the

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

text: (SDWA) was passed to protect the quality of U.S.

text: public drinking water

text: and aims to protect above and below ground water sources that are or could potentially be used for human consumption. Section C of the SDWA requires the EPA to establish minimum regulations for state

entity_section: Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program

text: Underground Injection Control Programs

text: . Under part C, Section 1421 of the SDWA, underground injection is "the subsurface emplacement of fluids by well injection." The oil and gas industry makes extensive use of Class II injection wells, which are regulated under the SDWA. There are currently about 144,000 such wells with permits issued to SDWA standards. Most Class II injector wells are for enhanced oil recovery, such as waterfloods. About 20 percent of Class II wells are used in waste disposal, to dispose of produced water, usually brine, into deep formations below the base of fresh water.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is contaminated

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: In 1974, the Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: U.S. public drinking water

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: human consumption.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: human consumption.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 144,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: waterfloods.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Underground Injection Control Programs.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Safe Drinking Water Act

text: Waterborne diseases caused by lack of sanitation and hygiene are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. For children under age five, waterborne diseases are a leading cause of death. According to the World Bank, 88 percent of all waterborne diseases are caused by unsafe drinking water, inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene.

text: Waterborne diseases

text: caused by lack of

text: sanitation

text: and

text: hygiene

text: are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. For children under age five, waterborne diseases are a leading cause of death. According to the

text: World Bank

text: , 88 percent of all waterborne diseases are caused by unsafe drinking water, inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of sanitation

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unsafe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 88 percent

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Waterborne diseases

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: lack of sanitation and hygiene

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: waterborne diseases are a leading cause of death.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 88 percent

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unsafe drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 88 percent of all waterborne diseases are caused by unsafe drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 88 percent of all waterborne diseases are caused by unsafe drinking water,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 88 percent of all waterborne diseases are caused by unsafe drinking water,

text: Taubaté has been ranked by the UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) the 21st out of 645 cities in the State in terms of quality of life (safety, schooling, medical and dental care, transportation facilities, low pollution levels, piped sewage and piped water reaching all houses, etc.).

text: Taubaté has been ranked by the UNDP (

text: United Nations Development Programme

text: ) the 21st out of 645 cities in the State in terms of quality of life (

text: safety

text: schooling

text: medical

text: and dental care,

text: transportation facilities

text: , low

text: pollution levels

text: piped sewage

text: and

text: piped water

text: reaching all houses, etc.).

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 645

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Taubaté

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 21st

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution levels,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: low pollution levels,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: piped sewage and piped water reaching all houses,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 645

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Taubaté

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: piped sewage and piped water reaching all houses,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: piped sewage and piped water reaching all houses,

text: A hot stain is a region of the world where safe drinking water has been depleted.  The term may have been coined by Goldman Environmental Prize winning hydrologist Michal Kravcik. Hot stains can be found on every continent, except for Antarctica.  The biggest reason for a hot stain to develop is population pressure. As the population grows, water demand increases. Although the earth is covered in 97% water, only 1% of that water is available for human consumption. Hot stains can cause great harm to a regions agricultural ability and can lead to food scarcity, famine, and even the abandonment of the region.

text: A hot stain is a region of the world where safe

text: drinking water

text: has been depleted.  The term may have been coined by

text: Goldman Environmental Prize

text: winning hydrologist

text: Michal Kravcik

text: . Hot stains can be found on every continent, except for

text: Antarctica

text: .  The biggest reason for a hot stain to develop is population pressure. As the population grows, water demand increases. Although the earth is covered in 97% water, only 1% of that water is available for human consumption. Hot stains can cause great harm to a regions agricultural ability and can lead to food scarcity, famine, and even the abandonment of the region.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: population pressure

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Hot stains

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: population pressure.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: population pressure.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Hot stains can be found on every continent, except for Antarctica.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 97% water, only 1%

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: famine,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Hot stains can be found on every continent, except for Antarctica.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: population pressure.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: population pressure.

text: Being a village of extremely hard working farmers, the village does not face any scarcity of food. It is famous for sugarcane and vegetables. The variety of vegetables grown by these farmers and consumed fresh contributes to the better health of the villagers in comparison to the villages around the area. But the main problem here is the scarcity of water in the summer. Jhajia is located on a tabletop hill, and hence during the summer when the water table recedes the villagers have a hard time finding drinking water. Gada chua, which is perhaps the best drinking water source in the area, dries out quickly and is often not sufficient to fulfill the cooking and drinking needs of the whole village.

text: Being a village of extremely hard working farmers, the village does not face any scarcity of food. It is famous for sugarcane and vegetables. The variety of vegetables grown by these farmers and consumed fresh contributes to the better health of the villagers in comparison to the villages around the area. But the main problem here is the scarcity of water in the summer. Jhajia is located on a tabletop hill, and hence during the summer when the water table recedes the villagers have a hard time finding drinking water. Gada chua, which is perhaps the best drinking water source in the area, dries out quickly and is often not sufficient to fulfill the cooking and drinking needs of the whole village.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: dries out quickly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Jhajia

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: extremely hard working farmers, the village does not face any scarcity of food.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: food.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: dries out quickly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: scarcity of water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Gada chua,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Gada chua,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Gada chua,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: scarcity of water

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: scarcity of water

text: As part of its educational activities, the Food Safety Information Council has carried out consumer research into food safety knowledge.  It also publicizes the results of food-related research. For example, a study by the Australian National University, published in November 2014, found in 2010 that there were an estimated 4.1 million cases of foodborne disease  acquired in Australia on average each year, along with 5,140 cases of non-gastrointestinal illness. The main causes were Norovirus, pathogenic Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp. and non-typhoidal Salmonella spp., although the causes of approximately 80% of illnesses were unknown. A question and answer fact sheet published by the Australian Department of Health together with this study references the Food Safety Information Council's consumer advice as a means of reducing food borne diseaseMost foodborne disease outbreaks in Australia have been linked to raw or minimally cooked eggs or poultry. The Food Safety Information Council estimates that one third of cases of food poisoning  occur in the home

text: As part of its educational activities, the Food Safety Information Council has carried out consumer research into food safety knowledge.  It also publicizes the results of food-related research. For example, a study by the Australian National University, published in November 2014, found in 2010 that there were an estimated 4.1 million cases of

text: foodborne disease

text: acquired in Australia on average each year, along with 5,140 cases of non-gastrointestinal illness. The main causes were Norovirus, pathogenic Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp. and non-typhoidal Salmonella spp., although the causes of approximately 80% of illnesses were unknown. A question and answer fact sheet published by the Australian Department of Health together with this study references the Food Safety Information Council's consumer advice as a means of reducing food borne diseaseMost foodborne disease outbreaks in Australia have been linked to raw or minimally cooked eggs or poultry. The Food Safety Information Council estimates that one third of cases of food poisoning  occur in the home

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pathogenic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: foodborne

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: context: Most foodborne disease outbreaks in Australia have been linked to raw or minimally cooked eggs or poultry

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 4.1 million cases of foodborne disease

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: one third

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Escherichia coli,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: raw or minimally cooked eggs or poultry.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: foodborne disease

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 4.1 million

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Campylobacter spp.

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: raw or minimally cooked eggs or poultry.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: food borne diseaseMost

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: 4.1 million cases of foodborne disease

text: There are many environmental issues in India. Air pollution, water pollution, garbage, and pollution of the natural environment are all challenges for India. The situation was worse between 1947 through 1995. According to data collection and environment assessment studies of World Bank experts, between 1995 through 2010, India has made one of the fastest progress in the world, in addressing its environmental issues and improving its environmental quality. Still, India has a long way to go to reach environmental quality similar to those enjoyed in developed economies. Pollution remains a major challenge and opportunity for India.

text: There are many environmental issues in India.

text: Air pollution

text: water pollution

text: , garbage, and pollution of the natural environment are all challenges for India. The situation was worse between 1947 through 1995. According to data collection and environment assessment studies of

text: World Bank

text: experts, between 1995 through 2010, India has made one of the fastest progress in the world, in addressing its environmental issues and improving its environmental quality. Still, India has a long way to go to reach environmental quality similar to those enjoyed in developed economies. Pollution remains a major challenge and opportunity for India.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 1%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution of the natural environment

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: developed economies.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Air pollution, water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: India.

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1995.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: developed economies.

text: A portage railway is a short and possibly isolated section of railway used to bypass a section of unnavigable river or between two water bodies which are not directly connected.Cargo from waterborne vessels is unloaded, loaded onto conventional railroad rolling stock, carried to the other end of the railway, where it is unloaded and loaded onto a second waterborne vessel.A portage railway is the opposite of a train ferry.

text: A

text: portage

text: railway is a short and possibly isolated section of

text: railway

text: used to bypass a section of

text: unnavigable

text: river or between two water bodies which are not directly connected.Cargo from waterborne vessels is unloaded, loaded onto conventional

text: railroad

text: rolling stock

text: , carried to the other end of the railway, where it is unloaded and loaded onto a second waterborne vessel.A portage railway is the opposite of a

text: train ferry

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a pathogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: river

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: unnavigable river

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: water bodies which are not directly connected.Cargo

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: between two water bodies which are not directly connected.Cargo

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: A portage railway

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: waterborne vessels

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: waterborne vessels

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: A portage railway

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: A portage railway

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: A portage railway

text: Quest Water Solutions’ AQUAtap Drinking Water Station is a simple system that uses solar power to purify contaminated groundwater, brackish water, or sea water into safe drinking water. The systems are powered by photovoltaic panels. Each Drinking Water Station is fully autonomous and can purify water at a rate of up to 20,000 litres per day without any existing infrastructure. They are also modular, so can be scaled for increased water purification. In addition, the system includes a distribution system.

text: Quest Water Solutions’ AQUAtap Drinking Water Station is a simple system that uses

text: solar power

text: to purify contaminated groundwater, brackish water, or sea water into safe drinking water. The systems are powered by

text: photovoltaic panels

text: . Each Drinking Water Station is fully autonomous and can purify water at a rate of up to 20,000 litres per day without any existing infrastructure. They are also modular, so can be scaled for increased water purification. In addition, the system includes a distribution system.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminated

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated groundwater

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 20,000 litres per day

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 20,000 litres

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: contaminated

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: contaminated groundwater,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: contaminated groundwater, brackish water, or sea water

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 20,000 litres

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: contaminated groundwater,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 20,000 litres per day

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: infrastructure.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: safe drinking water.

text: The rural component aimed to provide at least 500,000 new users in rural areas with access to "safe drinking water facilities" and "440,000 new users with access to improved latrines". The urban component was supposed to "develop the capacity of local stakeholders for adequate planning and implementation of decentralised WASH interventions", as well as "stimulation of demand for improved WASH services" and hygiene promotion, providing "at least 100,000 new users in poor urban and peri-urban with access to safe drinking water facilities in six targeted municipalities" and "100,000 new users with access to improved latrines".

text: The rural component aimed to provide at least 500,000 new users in rural areas with access to "safe drinking water facilities" and "440,000 new users with access to improved latrines". The urban component was supposed to "develop the capacity of local stakeholders for adequate planning and implementation of decentralised WASH interventions", as well as "stimulation of demand for improved WASH services" and hygiene promotion, providing "at least 100,000 new users in poor urban and peri-urban with access to safe drinking water facilities in six targeted municipalities" and "100,000 new users with access to improved latrines".

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: drinking water is unsafe

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 500,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 500,000 new users in rural areas with access to "safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 500,000

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: "safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: "safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: "safe drinking water facilities"

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 500,000

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: "safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: "safe drinking water

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: decentralised WASH interventions",

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: "safe drinking water facilities"

text: There are three main groups of Rhizaria:

text: There are three main groups of Rhizaria:

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: eukaryotic

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are able to reproduce quickly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Rhizaria:

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: three main groups of Rhizaria:

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Rhizaria:

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: context: There are three main groups of Rhizaria:

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: three main groups of Rhizaria:

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: three main groups of Rhizaria:

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Rhizaria:

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: three main groups of Rhizaria:

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: three main groups of Rhizaria:

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: three main groups of Rhizaria:

text: Modern rinks have a specific procedure for preparing the surface. With the pipes cold, a thin layer of water is sprayed on the sand or concrete to seal and level it (or in the case of concrete, to keep it from being marked). This thin layer is painted white or pale blue for better contrast; markings necessary for hockey or curling are also placed, along with logos or other decorations. Another thin layer of water is sprayed on top of this. The ice is built up to a thickness of 3/4ths an inch to 1 1/2 inches. The industry standard in the NHL is around 1 1/2".

text: Modern rinks have a specific procedure for preparing the surface. With the pipes cold, a thin layer of water is sprayed on the sand or concrete to seal and level it (or in the case of concrete, to keep it from being marked). This thin layer is painted white or pale blue for better contrast; markings necessary for hockey or curling are also placed, along with logos or other decorations. Another thin layer of water is sprayed on top of this. The ice is built up to a thickness of 3/4ths an inch to 1 1/2 inches. The industry standard in the NHL is around 1 1/2".

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: sand or concrete is cold

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Modern rinks have a specific procedure for preparing the surface.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 3/4ths

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: marked).

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: marked).

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: 3/4ths an inch to 1 1/2 inches.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 3/4ths

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: marked).

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 3/4ths an inch to 1 1/2 inches.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Modern rinks have a specific procedure for preparing the surface.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Modern rinks have a specific procedure for preparing the surface.

text: Most of the flow of the river is diverted through the Detroit Edison plant and then discharged into Plum Creek. Previously it was discharged into the river but is now diverted to limit additional pollution of the river mouth area. The power plant's peak use of  of water exceeds the river's average flow of , so water is drawn upstream from Lake Erie into the plant on some occasions. The high level of industrial water use is thought to kill large numbers of fish in the intake screens and to make fish migration from the river into the Great Lakes almost impossible.

text: Most of the flow of the river is diverted through the Detroit Edison plant and then discharged into Plum Creek. Previously it was discharged into the river but is now diverted to limit additional pollution of the river mouth area. The power plant's peak use of  of water exceeds the river's average flow of , so water is drawn upstream from Lake Erie into the plant on some occasions. The high level of industrial water use is thought to kill large numbers of fish in the intake screens and to make fish migration from the river into the Great Lakes almost impossible.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: industrial water use

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: high level of industrial water use

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Most of the flow of the river is diverted through the Detroit Edison plant

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: of, so water is drawn upstream from Lake Erie

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Most of the flow of the river is diverted through the Detroit Edison plant

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: of, so water is drawn upstream from Lake Erie

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: fish

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Most of the flow of the river is diverted through the Detroit Edison plant

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: The high level of industrial water use

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Most of the flow of the river is diverted through the Detroit Edison plant

text: Sally Chepyego Kaptich (; born 3 October 1985) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who competes mainly in track and road running events.

text: Sally Chepyego Kaptich (; born 3 October 1985) is a

text: Kenya

text: n

text: long-distance runner

text: who competes mainly in

text: track

text: and

text: road running

text: events.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a pathogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Sally Chepyego Kaptich

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Kenyan

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: long-distance runner

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: track and road running

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Sally Chepyego Kaptich

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Kenyan

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Sally Chepyego Kaptich

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Sally Chepyego Kaptich

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Sally Chepyego Kaptich

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Kenyan long-distance runner

text: Cutler Cleveland holds a B.S. in Ecology and Systematics from Cornell University, a M.S. in Marine Science from Louisiana State University, and a Ph.D. in Geography from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1988.

text: Cutler Cleveland holds a B.S. in

text: Ecology

text: and

text: Systematics

text: from

text: Cornell University

text: , a M.S. in

text: Marine Science

text: from

text: Louisiana State University

text: , and a Ph.D. in

text: Geography

text: from the

entity_name: University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign

text: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

text: in 1988.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: cholera

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: 1988.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Ecology and Systematics

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: 1988.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Louisiana State University,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Marine Science

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: 1988.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: 1988.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

text: The album debuted on Billboard's Top 200 and #1 on the New Age chart.  The Spanish version, Yanni Voces, debuted at #2 on Billboard's New Age chart, #5 on the Latin Pop chart, and #13 on the Latin overall chart.

text: The album debuted on

text: Billboard's

text: Top 200 and #1 on the

text: New Age

text: chart.  The

text: Spanish

text: version, Yanni Voces, debuted at #2 on Billboard's New Age chart, #5 on the Latin Pop chart, and #13 on the Latin overall chart.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a pathogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Yanni Voces

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The album debuted on Billboard's Top 200

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: #2

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: 200

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Billboard's Top 200

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Yanni Voces,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 200

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: The album debuted on Billboard's Top 200

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Yanni Voces,

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Yanni Voces,

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Yanni Voces,

text: There are three key components to any Water Safety Plan (WSP):

text: There are three key components to any Water Safety Plan (WSP):

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: The Ganges

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 75%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are able to reproduce quickly

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Adult guinea worms

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: water safety plan

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Water Safety Plan

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: three key components to any Water Safety Plan

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Water Safety Plan

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: Water Safety Plan

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: three key components to any Water Safety Plan

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: three key components to any Water Safety Plan

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water Safety Plan

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: three key components to any Water Safety Plan

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: three key components to any Water Safety Plan

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: three key components to any Water Safety Plan

text: White band disease prevalence in the Caribbean varies seasonally.   It is more active in summer and less prominent in winter, suggesting that warmer water temperatures contribute to the waterborne spread of the disease to affected corals.   The impact of climate change and increasing carbon emissions only serve to heat the waters surrounding the coral reef ecosystems, which allows for the spread of diseases such as white band disease and others.   The severity of marine diseases such as white band disease increase for several reasons.  Elevated water temperature causes corals physiological stress.   This undermines their immune system and makes them more susceptible to infection from white band disease or other coral diseases.   Furthermore, elevated temperatures make bacterial and fungal pathogens much more virulent.  However, the disease is not limited to elevated water temperatures as white band disease can still be prevalent even when water temperatures are cool.

text: White band disease prevalence in the Caribbean varies seasonally.   It is more active in summer and less prominent in winter, suggesting that warmer water temperatures contribute to the waterborne spread of the disease to affected corals.   The impact of climate change and increasing carbon emissions only serve to heat the waters surrounding the coral reef ecosystems, which allows for the spread of diseases such as white band disease and others.   The severity of marine diseases such as white band disease increase for several reasons.  Elevated water temperature causes corals physiological stress.   This undermines their immune system and makes them more susceptible to infection from white band disease or other coral diseases.   Furthermore, elevated temperatures make bacterial and fungal pathogens much more virulent.  However, the disease is not limited to elevated water temperatures as white band disease can still be prevalent even when water temperatures are cool.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria and fungal

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: elevated water temperature causes corals physiological stress

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: White band disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: White band disease

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: cool.

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: virulent.

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: elevated temperatures

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Elevated water temperature causes corals physiological stress.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Caribbean

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: White band disease

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: warmer water temperatures

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: warmer water temperatures

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Elevated water temperature causes corals physiological stress.

text: Among other stories, legends, and historical narratives, the Wielkopolska Chronicle contains the first recorded version of the legend of Lech, Čech, and Rus, as well as a Polish version of the story of Waldere and Hildegyth (also Waltharius), a popular tale of medieval Europe, transplanted onto Polish soil.

text: Among other stories, legends, and historical narratives, the Wielkopolska Chronicle contains the first recorded version of the legend of

text: Lech, Čech, and Rus

text: , as well as a Polish version of the story of

text: Waldere and Hildegyth

text: (also

text: Waltharius

text: ), a popular tale of medieval Europe, transplanted onto Polish soil.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: they are infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Lech

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Lech, <unk>ech, and Rus,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Europe,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: Among other stories, legends, and historical narratives,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: transplanted onto Polish soil.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Wielkopolska Chronicle

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Lech, <unk>ech, and Rus,

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Lech,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Wielkopolska Chronicle

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Wielkopolska Chronicle

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Wielkopolska Chronicle

text: Reasonably effective ways to reduce the transmission of influenza include good personal health and hygiene habits such as: not touching your eyes, nose or mouth; frequent hand washing (with soap and water, or with alcohol-based hand rubs); covering coughs and sneezes; avoiding close contact with sick people; and staying home yourself if you are sick. Avoiding spitting is also recommended. Although face masks might help prevent transmission when caring for the sick, there is mixed evidence on beneficial effects in the community. Smoking raises the risk of contracting influenza, as well as producing more severe disease symptoms.

text: Reasonably effective ways to reduce the transmission of influenza include good personal health and hygiene habits such as: not touching your eyes, nose or mouth; frequent

text: hand washing

text: (with soap and water, or with alcohol-based hand rubs); covering coughs and sneezes; avoiding close contact with sick people; and staying home yourself if you are sick. Avoiding spitting is also recommended. Although

text: face masks

text: might help prevent transmission when caring for the sick, there is mixed evidence on beneficial effects in the community. Smoking raises the risk of contracting influenza, as well as producing more severe disease symptoms.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: viruses

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: a person is infected

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: influenza

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Reasonably effective ways to reduce the transmission of influenza

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Smoking

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: transmission of influenza

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: avoiding close contact with sick people;

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Smoking

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: hand washing

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: soap

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Smoking

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Smoking

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Smoking

text: Because of issues concerning global climate change, the Antarctic Peninsula and adjacent parts of the Weddell Sea and its Pacific continental shelf has been the subject of intensive geologic, paleontologic, and paleoclimatic research by interdisciplinary and multinational groups over the last several decades. The combined study of the glaciology of its ice sheet and the paleontology, sedimentology, stratigraphy, structural geology, and volcanology of glacial and nonglacial deposits of the Antarctic Peninsula has allowed the reconstruction of the paleoclimatology and prehistoric ice sheet fluctuation of it for over the last 100 million years. This research shows the dramatic changes in climate, which have occurred within this region after it reached its approximate position within the Antarctic Circle during the Cretaceous Period.

text: Because of issues concerning global climate change, the Antarctic Peninsula and adjacent parts of the Weddell Sea and its Pacific continental shelf has been the subject of intensive geologic, paleontologic, and paleoclimatic research by interdisciplinary and multinational groups over the last several decades. The combined study of the

text: glaciology

text: of its

text: ice sheet

text: and the

text: paleontology

text: sedimentology

text: stratigraphy

text: structural geology

text: , and

text: volcanology

text: of

text: glacial

text: and nonglacial deposits of the Antarctic Peninsula has allowed the reconstruction of the

text: paleoclimatology

text: and prehistoric ice sheet fluctuation of it for over the last 100 million years. This research shows the dramatic changes in climate, which have occurred within this region after it reached its approximate position within the Antarctic Circle during the

text: Cretaceous

text: Period.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: global climate change

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Weddell Sea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Because of issues concerning global climate change,

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: global climate change,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: global climate change,

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: global climate change,

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: global climate change,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: global climate change, the Antarctic Peninsula

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Weddell Sea

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Because of issues concerning global climate change, the Antarctic Peninsula

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: intensive geologic, paleontologic, and paleoclimatic research

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Because of issues concerning global climate change,

text: A chance meeting between Richard Curtis and comedian Ben Elton led to the decision to collaborate on a new series of Blackadder. Recognising the main faults of the first series, Curtis and Elton agreed that Blackadder II would be a studio-only production (along with the inclusion of a live audience during recording, instead of showing the episodes to one after taping). Besides adding a greater comedy focus, Elton suggested a major change in character emphasis: Baldrick would become the stupid sidekick, while Edmund Blackadder evolved into a cunning sycophant. This led to the familiar set-up that was maintained in the following series.

text: A chance meeting between Richard Curtis and comedian

text: Ben Elton

text: led to the decision to collaborate on a new series of Blackadder. Recognising the main faults of the first series, Curtis and Elton agreed that Blackadder II would be a studio-only production (along with the inclusion of a live audience during recording, instead of showing the episodes to one after taping). Besides adding a greater comedy focus, Elton suggested a major change in character emphasis: Baldrick would become the stupid

text: sidekick

text: , while Edmund Blackadder evolved into a cunning

text: sycophant

text: . This led to the familiar set-up that was maintained in the following series.

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: bacteria

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: it is a pathogen

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Blackadder.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: Ben Elton

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: studio-only production

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: live audience during recording, instead of showing the episodes to one after taping).

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Blackadder.

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Ben Elton

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Baldrick

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Blackadder.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: Blackadder.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: Blackadder.

text: The oil spill is in part connected to the oil operations at Map Ta Phut. Anthony Zola, an American environmental consultant is reported to have said "In rural areas, there is almost no enforcement at all. Water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution—you can make all the complaints you want, and no one pays any attention to you." Map Ta Phut was closed down in 2009 by the previous Prime Minister, Abhisit Vejjaijiva due to safety concerns. The New York Times reported "Even among critics of the court decisions, there is widespread agreement that Map Ta Phut is heavily polluted and unhealthy for those who live nearby. But environmental experts remain skeptical that the court decisions will fix the problem."

text: The oil spill is in part connected to the oil operations at Map Ta Phut. Anthony Zola, an American environmental consultant is reported to have said "In rural areas, there is almost no enforcement at all. Water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution—you can make all the complaints you want, and no one pays any attention to you." Map Ta Phut was closed down in 2009 by the previous Prime Minister, Abhisit Vejjaijiva due to safety concerns. The New York Times reported "Even among critics of the court decisions, there is widespread agreement that Map Ta Phut is heavily polluted and unhealthy for those who live nearby. But environmental experts remain skeptical that the court decisions will fix the problem."

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: 99%

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluting

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: oil is spilled

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005791

answers: Map Ta Phut.

answers: NDQ_005792

answers: rural areas,

answers: NDQ_005793

answers: polluted

answers: NDQ_005794

answers: "In rural areas, there is almost no enforcement at all.

answers: NDQ_005795

answers: Water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005796

answers: Water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution—you

answers: NDQ_005797

answers: Water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005798

answers: Map Ta Phut.

answers: NDQ_005799

answers: "In rural areas, there is almost no enforcement at all.

answers: NDQ_005800

answers: American