text: Burgess' first television appearances were on the Australian Dancing with the Stars and So You Think You Can Dance in Belgium and the Netherlands. She joined the cast of season 13 of Dancing with the Stars as a troupe member. While on the troupe, she also assisted So You Think You Can Dance choreographer Jason Gilkison on both the Australian and American versions of the show.  She remained on the troupe until the end of season 15. For season 16, Burgess was bumped to regular pro and was partnered with Andy Dick. She returned as a professional for season 17, this time partnered with retired NFL star Keyshawn Johnson. They were the first couple eliminated. For season 18, she was paired with Olympic ice dancer Charlie White. They were eliminated during week 9 (the semi-finals) and ended in 5th place despite raves from the judges and high scores throughout the season. Sharna was then confirmed for season 19 on August 27. For season 19, she paired with talk-show host Tavis Smiley. They were eliminated on week 2, finishing in 12th place. For season 20, Burgess was paired with combat veteran and motivational speaker, Noah Galloway. The pair made it to the finals and finished in third place. For season 21, she was paired with Backstreet Boys singer Nick Carter. The couple made it to the finals and ended in second place behind winners Bindi Irwin, and her partner Derek Hough. For season 22, she was paired with NFL player Antonio Brown. The couple made it to the semi-finals but were eliminated and finished in 4th place. For season 23 Burgess was partnered with race car driver James Hinchcliffe. Due to a knee injury from the previous week's dress rehearsal, Burgess had to sit out during week 8-9. Jenna Johnson substituted for her as Hinchcliffe's partner. The couple made it to the finals, but finished in 2nd place behind winners Laurie Hernandez, and her partner Valentin Chmerkovskiy, and this season was named the tightest competition ever on this show by Judge Carrie Ann Inaba.

text: Burgess' first television appearances were on the Australian

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (Australian TV series)

text: Dancing with the Stars

text: and

entity_name: So You Think You Can Dance (Belgian and Dutch TV series)

text: So You Think You Can Dance

text: in Belgium and the Netherlands. She joined the cast of

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 13)

text: season 13

text: of

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)

text: Dancing with the Stars

text: as a troupe member. While on the troupe, she also assisted

entity_name: So You Think You Can Dance

text: So You Think You Can Dance

text: choreographer Jason Gilkison on both the Australian and American versions of the show.  She remained on the troupe until the end of season 15. For

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 16)

text: season 16

text: , Burgess was bumped to regular pro and was partnered with

entity_name: Andy Dick

text: Andy Dick

text: . She returned as a professional for

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 17)

text: season 17

text: , this time partnered with retired

entity_name: National Football League

text: NFL

text: star

entity_name: Keyshawn Johnson

text: Keyshawn Johnson

text: . They were the first couple eliminated. For

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 18)

text: season 18

text: , she was paired with Olympic ice dancer

entity_name: Charlie White (figure skater)

text: Charlie White

text: . They were eliminated during week 9 (the semi-finals) and ended in 5th place despite raves from the judges and high scores throughout the season. Sharna was then confirmed for

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 19)

text: season 19

text: on August 27. For season 19, she paired with talk-show host

entity_name: Tavis Smiley

text: Tavis Smiley

text: . They were eliminated on week 2, finishing in 12th place. For

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 20)

text: season 20

text: , Burgess was paired with combat veteran and motivational speaker,

entity_name: Noah Galloway

text: Noah Galloway

text: . The pair made it to the finals and finished in third place. For

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 21)

text: season 21

text: , she was paired with

entity_name: Backstreet Boys

text: Backstreet Boys

text: singer

entity_name: Nick Carter (musician)

text: Nick Carter

text: . The couple made it to the finals and ended in second place behind winners

entity_name: Bindi Irwin

text: Bindi Irwin

text: , and her partner

entity_name: Derek Hough

text: Derek Hough

text: . For

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 22)

text: season 22

text: , she was paired with

text: NFL

text: player

entity_name: Antonio Brown

text: Antonio Brown

text: . The couple made it to the semi-finals but were eliminated and finished in 4th place. For

entity_name: Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 23)

text: season 23

text: Burgess was partnered with race car driver

entity_name: James Hinchcliffe

text: James Hinchcliffe

text: . Due to a knee injury from the previous week's dress rehearsal, Burgess had to sit out during week 8-9.

entity_name: Jenna Johnson (dancer)

text: Jenna Johnson

text: substituted for her as Hinchcliffe's partner. The couple made it to the finals, but finished in 2nd place behind winners

entity_name: Laurie Hernandez

text: Laurie Hernandez

text: , and her partner

entity_name: Valentin Chmerkovskiy

text: Valentin Chmerkovskiy

text: , and this season was named the tightest competition ever on this show by Judge

entity_name: Carrie Ann Inaba

text: Carrie Ann Inaba

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: season 16 Burgess was bumped to regular pro

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: due to a knee injury

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: due to a knee injury

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Due to a knee injury from the previous week's dress rehearsal,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 12th place. For season 20,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 20,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Belgium and the Netherlands.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: race

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Noah Galloway.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Noah Galloway.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 20,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: James Hinchcliffe.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: race

text: On Rotten Tomatoes, the third season received an overall rating of 100%. Maureen Ryan of Variety wrote in an early review of the third season: "When looking at the epic feel and varied array of stories on display in season three, which overtly and covertly recalls "The Lord of the Rings" saga in a number of ways, it's almost hard to recall how limited the scope and the ambitions of "The 100" were two years ago, when a rag-tag band of survivors first crash-landed on Earth. In season three (which the cast and showrunner previewed here), the show is more politically complicated than ever, and the world-building that accompanies the depiction of various factions, alliances and conflicts is generally admirable." In a review of the season 3 finale "Perverse Instantiation: Part Two", Mariya Karimjee of Vulture.com wrote: "Every moment of this finale is pitch-perfect: the choreography of the fight scenes, the plotting and pacing, and the stunning way in which the episode finally reaches it apex. "Perverse Instantiation: Part Two" elevates the season's themes and pulls together its disparate story lines, setting us up nicely for season four." In another review of the season 3 finale and the season overall, Kyle Fowle of A.V. Club wrote: "Before we even get to tonight's action-packed finale of The 100, it needs to be said that this has been a rocky season. The first half of it was defined by shoddy character motivations and oversized villains. The second half of this season has done some work to bring the show back from the brink, focusing on the City Of Light and issues of freewill and difficult moral choices, bringing some much needed depth to the third season. That work pays off with "Perverse Instantiation: Part Two," a thrilling, forward-thinking finale that provides some necessary closure to this season." He gave the finale itself an "A-" rating.

text: On

entity_name: Rotten Tomatoes

text: Rotten Tomatoes

text: , the third season received an overall rating of 100%. Maureen Ryan of

entity_name: Variety (magazine)

text: Variety

text: wrote in an early review of the third season: "When looking at the epic feel and varied array of stories on display in season three, which overtly and covertly recalls "The Lord of the Rings" saga in a number of ways, it's almost hard to recall how limited the scope and the ambitions of "The 100" were two years ago, when a rag-tag band of survivors first crash-landed on Earth. In season three (which the cast and showrunner previewed here), the show is more politically complicated than ever, and the world-building that accompanies the depiction of various factions, alliances and conflicts is generally admirable." In a review of the season 3 finale "Perverse Instantiation: Part Two", Mariya Karimjee of

entity_name: New York (magazine)

entity_section: Digital expansion and blogs

text: Vulture.com

text: wrote: "Every moment of this finale is pitch-perfect: the choreography of the fight scenes, the plotting and pacing, and the stunning way in which the episode finally reaches it apex. "Perverse Instantiation: Part Two" elevates the season's themes and pulls together its disparate story lines, setting us up nicely for season four." In another review of the season 3 finale and the season overall, Kyle Fowle of

entity_name: The A.V. Club

text: A.V. Club

text: wrote: "Before we even get to tonight's action-packed finale of The 100, it needs to be said that this has been a rocky season. The first half of it was defined by shoddy character motivations and oversized villains. The second half of this season has done some work to bring the show back from the brink, focusing on the City Of Light and issues of freewill and difficult moral choices, bringing some much needed depth to the third season. That work pays off with "Perverse Instantiation: Part Two," a thrilling, forward-thinking finale that provides some necessary closure to this season." He gave the finale itself an "A-" rating.

method: UNH-qee

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The first half of it was defined by shoddy character motivations and oversized villains

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: City Of Light

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: two years ago

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: He gave the finale itself an "A-" rating.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: What is the time when daylight and nighttime hours are exactly equal.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: what is the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: issues of freewill and difficult moral choices,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: City Of Light

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "Perverse Instantiation: Part Two"

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: City Of Light

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: City Of Light

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: shoddy character motivations and oversized villains.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: shoddy character motivations and oversized villains.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Light

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "Perverse Instantiation: Part Two,"

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: shoddy character motivations

text: The role of Athena was originally intended to be central to the series, but Maren Jensen was not an experienced actress, and despite considerable improvement over time, her screen time was gradually reduced. First, the role of Cassiopeia began to expand to fill the role Athena had been designed to play, and then the character of Lieutenant Sheba was introduced midway through the season. Athena was the only major recurring character not to appear for the entire run of the show, as Maren Jensen left the series after "Greetings From Earth." However, she was still credited in the season's remaining episodes.

text: The role of Athena was originally intended to be central to the series, but Maren Jensen was not an experienced actress, and despite considerable improvement over time, her screen time was gradually reduced. First, the role of Cassiopeia began to expand to fill the role Athena had been designed to play, and then the character of

entity_name: Lieutenant Sheba

text: Lieutenant Sheba

text: was introduced midway through the season. Athena was the only major recurring character not to appear for the entire run of the show, as Maren Jensen left the series after "Greetings From Earth." However, she was still credited in the season's remaining episodes.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Maren Jensen was not an experienced actress

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Athena

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Greetings From Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Maren Jensen left the series after "Greetings From Earth."

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Maren Jensen was not an experienced actress,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth."

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The role of Athena

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth."

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Cassiopeia

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Cassiopeia

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: she was still credited in the season's remaining episodes.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth."

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Cassiopeia

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Cassiopeia

text: Mosaic art also flourished in Christian Petra where three Byzantine churches were discovered. The most important one was uncovered in 1990. It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual. The mosaic of the seasons in the southern aisle is from this first building period from the middle of the 5th century. In the first half of the 6th century the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed. They depict native as well as exotic or mythological animals, and personifications of the Seasons, Ocean, Earth and Wisdom.

text: Mosaic art also flourished in Christian

entity_name: Petra

text: Petra

text: where three Byzantine churches were discovered. The most important one was uncovered in 1990. It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual. The mosaic of the seasons in the southern aisle is from this first building period from the middle of the 5th century. In the first half of the 6th century the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed. They depict native as well as exotic or mythological animals, and personifications of the Seasons, Ocean, Earth and Wisdom.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: native as well as exotic

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Seasons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: personifications of the Seasons,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Petra

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Ocean, Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: personifications of the Seasons,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: middle of the 5th century.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Mosaic art also flourished in Christian Petra

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: middle of the 5th century.

text: The ring-tailed lemur is an opportunistic omnivore primarily eating fruits and leaves, particularly those of the tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica), known natively as kily. When available, tamarind makes up as much as 50% of the diet, especially during the dry, winter season. The ring-tailed lemur eats from as many as three dozen different plant species, and its diet includes flowers, herbs, bark and sap. It has been observed eating decayed wood, earth, spider webs, insect cocoons, arthropods (spiders, caterpillars, cicadas and grasshoppers) and small vertebrates (birds and chameleons). During the dry season it becomes increasingly opportunistic.

text: The ring-tailed lemur is an opportunistic

entity_name: Omnivore

text: omnivore

text: primarily eating fruits and leaves, particularly those of the

entity_name: Tamarind

text: tamarind tree

text: (Tamarindus indica), known natively as kily. When available, tamarind makes up as much as 50% of the diet, especially during the dry, winter season. The ring-tailed lemur eats from as many as three dozen different plant species, and its diet includes flowers, herbs, bark and sap. It has been observed eating decayed wood,

entity_name: Geophagia

text: earth

text: , spider webs, insect cocoons,

entity_name: Arthropod

text: arthropod

text: s (spiders, caterpillars, cicadas and grasshoppers) and small

entity_name: Vertebrate

text: vertebrate

text: s (birds and chameleons). During the dry season it becomes increasingly opportunistic.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: dry season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: tamarind makes up as much as 50%

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: dry, winter season.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: kily.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: earth,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: During the dry season it becomes increasingly opportunistic.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: During the dry season it becomes increasingly opportunistic.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter season.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica),

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter season.

text: Like the Summer Triangle, the Northern Cross is a prominent indicator of the seasons. Near midnight, the Cross  lies virtually overhead at mid-northern latitudes during the summer months, it can also be seen during spring in the early morning to the East. In the autumn the cross is visible in the evening to the West until November.  It never dips below the horizon at or above 45° north latitude, just grazing the northern horizon at its lowest point at such locations as Minneapolis, Montréal and Turin.  From the southern hemisphere it appears upside down and low in the sky during the winter months .

text: Like the Summer Triangle, the Northern Cross is a prominent indicator of the seasons. Near midnight, the Cross  lies virtually overhead at mid-northern

entity_name: Latitude

text: latitude

text: s during the summer months, it can also be seen during

entity_name: Spring (season)

text: spring

text: in the early morning to the East. In the

entity_name: Autumn

text: autumn

text: the cross is visible in the evening to the West until November.  It never dips below the horizon at or above 45° north latitude, just grazing the northern horizon at its lowest point at such locations as

entity_name: Minneapolis

text: Minneapolis

entity_name: Montreal

text: Montréal

text: and

entity_name: Turin

text: Turin

text: .  From the

entity_name: Southern Hemisphere

text: southern hemisphere

text: it appears upside down and low in the sky during the

entity_name: Winter

text: winter

text: months .

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Northern Cross

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: It never dips below the horizon at or above 45° north latitude

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Northern Cross is a prominent indicator of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Northern Cross

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer Triangle,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Near midnight,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It never dips below the horizon

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: it appears upside down and low in the sky

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: It never dips below the horizon

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: midnight,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the Northern Cross

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November.

text: The shadow always falls on the "winter hemisphere", except when it crosses the equator during the vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox. Thus transits of Deimos happen during Martian autumn and winter in the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere, roughly symmetrically around the winter solstice. Close to the equator they happen around the autumnal equinox and the vernal equinox; farther from the equator they happen closer to the winter solstice.

text: The shadow always falls on the "winter hemisphere", except when it crosses the equator during the

entity_name: March equinox

text: vernal equinox

text: and the

entity_name: Equinox

text: autumnal equinox

text: . Thus transits of Deimos happen during Martian autumn and winter in the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere, roughly symmetrically around the

entity_name: Solstice

text: winter solstice

text: . Close to the equator they happen around the autumnal equinox and the vernal equinox; farther from the equator they happen closer to the winter solstice.

method: UNH-tfidf-stem

method: UNH-tfidf-ptsim

method: UNH-tfidf-lem

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the shadow always falls on the winter hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: roughly symmetrically

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: closer to the equator they happen closer to the winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: it crosses the equator

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Close to the equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: roughly symmetrically

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The shadow always falls on the "winter hemisphere",

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox

text: All three species are migratory, moving seasonally to feed or give birth. The warm equatorial waters form a barrier that isolates the northern and southern species from one another although at least the southern species have been known to cross the equator. In the Northern Hemisphere, right whales tend to avoid open waters and stay close to peninsulas and bays and on continental shelves, as these areas offer greater shelter and an abundance of their preferred foods. In the Southern Hemisphere, right whales feed far offshore in summer, but a large portion of the population occur in near shore waters in winter. Right whales feed mainly on copepods but also consume krill and pteropods. They may forage the surface, underwater or even on the ocean bottom. During courtship, males gather into large groups to compete for a single female, suggesting that sperm competition appears to be an important factor in mating behavior. Although the blue whale is the largest animal on the planet, the testes of the right whale are actually ten times larger than those of the blue whale – with each weighing up to , they are by far the largest of any animal on Earth. Gestation tends to last a year, and calves are born at  in weight and  in length. Weaning occurs after eight months.

text: All three species are migratory, moving seasonally to feed or give birth. The warm equatorial waters form a barrier that isolates the northern and southern species from one another although at least the southern species have been known to cross the equator. In the Northern Hemisphere, right whales tend to avoid open waters and stay close to

entity_name: Peninsula

text: peninsula

text: s and bays and on

entity_name: Continental shelf

text: continental shelves

text: , as these areas offer greater shelter and an abundance of their preferred foods. In the Southern Hemisphere, right whales feed far offshore in summer, but a large portion of the population occur in near shore waters in winter. Right whales feed mainly on

entity_name: Copepod

text: copepods

text: but also consume

entity_name: Krill

text: krill

text: and

entity_name: Pteropoda

text: pteropod

text: s. They may forage the surface, underwater or even on the ocean bottom. During courtship, males gather into large groups to compete for a single female, suggesting that

entity_name: Sperm competition

text: sperm competition

text: appears to be an important factor in mating behavior. Although the blue whale is the largest animal on the planet, the

entity_name: Testicle

text: testes

text: of the right whale are actually ten times larger than those of the blue whale – with each weighing up to , they are by far the largest of any animal on Earth. Gestation tends to last a year, and calves are born at  in weight and  in length. Weaning occurs after eight months.

method: ICT-DRMMTKS

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to feed or give birth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: at least the southern species have been known to cross the equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to feed or give birth.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: In the Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: In the Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: a large portion of the population occur in near shore waters

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: at least the southern species have been known to cross the equator.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: right whales

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: right whales feed far offshore in summer,

text: In general, ultraviolet detectors use either a solid-state device, such as one based on silicon carbide or aluminium nitride, or a gas-filled tube as the sensing element. UV detectors that are sensitive to UV in any part of the spectrum respond to irradiation by sunlight and artificial light. A burning hydrogen flame, for instance, radiates strongly in the 185- to 260-nanometer range and only very weakly in the IR region, whereas a coal fire emits very weakly in the UV band yet very strongly at IR wavelengths; thus, a fire detector that operates using both UV and IR detectors is more reliable than one with a UV detector alone. Virtually all fires emit some radiation in the UVC band, whereas the Sun's radiation at this band is absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere. The result is that the UV detector is "solar blind", meaning it will not cause an alarm in response to radiation from the Sun, so it can easily be used both indoors and outdoors.

text: In general, ultraviolet detectors use either a solid-state device, such as one based on

entity_name: Silicon carbide

text: silicon carbide

text: or

entity_name: Aluminium nitride

text: aluminium nitride

text: , or a gas-filled tube as the sensing element. UV detectors that are sensitive to UV in any part of the spectrum respond to irradiation by

entity_name: Sunlight

text: sunlight

text: and

entity_name: Lighting

text: artificial light

text: . A burning hydrogen flame, for instance, radiates strongly in the 185- to 260-nanometer range and only very weakly in the

entity_name: Infrared

text: IR

text: region, whereas a coal fire emits very weakly in the UV band yet very strongly at IR wavelengths; thus, a fire detector that operates using both UV and IR detectors is more reliable than one with a UV detector alone. Virtually all fires emit some

entity_name: Thermal radiation

text: radiation

text: in the UVC band, whereas the

entity_name: Sun

text: Sun

text: 's radiation at this band is absorbed by the

entity_name: Atmosphere of Earth

text: Earth's atmosphere

text: . The result is that the UV detector is "solar blind", meaning it will not cause an alarm in response to radiation from the Sun, so it can easily be used both indoors and outdoors.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun's radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: irradiation by sunlight and artificial light.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "solar blind",

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: In general, ultraviolet detectors

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 185- to 260-nanometer range

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sunlight

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 185- to 260-nanometer range

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunlight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: UV detectors

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 185- to 260-nanometer range

text: Once the season proper starts (usually from early November in the northern hemisphere, or May in the southern hemisphere), the idea is to drive the fox from the covert and pursue the scent that it leaves for long distances over open countryside. The northern hemisphere season continues through to March or April.

text: Once the season proper starts (usually from early November in the northern hemisphere, or May in the southern hemisphere), the idea is to drive the fox from the covert and pursue the scent that it leaves for long distances over open countryside. The northern hemisphere season continues through to March or April.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: natural causes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: usually from early November in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: drive the fox from the covert and pursue the scent that it leaves

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: November

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: November

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere),

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: May in the southern hemisphere),

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: May

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: November in the northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November

text: In the Southern Hemisphere, August is the seasonal equivalent of February in the Northern Hemisphere. In many European countries, August is the holiday month for most workers.

text: In the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , August is the seasonal equivalent of

text: February

text: in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: . In many European countries, August is the

text: holiday

text: month for most workers.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: August is the seasonal equivalent of February

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: August is the seasonal equivalent of February in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: August is the seasonal equivalent of February

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: August is the seasonal equivalent of February

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: August is the seasonal equivalent of February

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: August is the seasonal equivalent of February in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: February

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: August is the seasonal equivalent of February in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: August

text: 2000 CFL season | 2001 CFL season | 2002 CFL season | 2003 CFL season | 2004 CFL season | 2005 CFL season | 2006 CFL season | 2007 CFL season | 2008 CFL season | 2009 CFL season

text: 2000 CFL season

text: 2001 CFL season

text: 2002 CFL season

text: 2003 CFL season

text: 2004 CFL season

text: 2005 CFL season

text: 2006 CFL season

text: 2007 CFL season

text: 2008 CFL season

text: 2009 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cfl is a football league

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: During the 2009 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It has the same amount of daylight

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2009

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2010 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 2000 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2003 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2000 CFL season | 2001 CFL season | 2002 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 2003 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 2003 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2000 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2003 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2003 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2000 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2000 CFL season

text: Na Faoiltich is also used to mean the equinoxes according to Dwelly, presumably the vernal equinox.

text: Na Faoiltich is also used to mean the

text: equinox

text: es according to

text: Dwelly

text: , presumably the

text: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: does the sun rise and set

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Na Faoiltich

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: presumably the vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Na Faoiltich

text: According to Allen Greenfield, Carol Smith discovered the ALW Cipher, which she later called "English Qaballa", in 1974. This is a popular error which Smith attempted to persuade Greenfield to correct, but to no avail. James Lees discovered the Key on November 26 1976 and he named the new order & value of the English Alphabet "English Qaballa". He chose that spelling deliberately because it was not in popular use at the time.  The cipher and the reasoning behind it, and other details of the system were published in five issues of The New Equinox / British Journal of Magick in a number of essays written by Lees and edited by Smith and given different bylines, which led to the aforementioned inaccuracy . Some of this original material was later summarized by Jake Stratton-Kent in The Equinox: British Journal of Thelema. Since then other self-published authors have discussed the system, referring to it as New Aeon English Qabala.

text: According to

text: Allen Greenfield

text: , Carol Smith discovered the ALW Cipher, which she later called "English Qaballa", in 1974. This is a popular error which Smith attempted to persuade Greenfield to correct, but to no avail. James Lees discovered the Key on November 26 1976 and he named the new order & value of the English Alphabet "English Qaballa". He chose that spelling deliberately because it was not in popular use at the time.  The cipher and the reasoning behind it, and other details of the system were published in five issues of The New Equinox / British Journal of Magick in a number of essays written by Lees and edited by Smith and given different bylines, which led to the aforementioned inaccuracy . Some of this original material was later summarized by Jake Stratton-Kent in The Equinox: British Journal of Thelema. Since then other self-published authors have discussed the system, referring to it as New Aeon English Qabala.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He chose that spelling deliberately because it was not in popular use at the time

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 26

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: British Journal of Thelema

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He chose that spelling deliberately because it was not in popular use

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "English Qaballa",

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 26 1976

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Equinox: British Journal of Thelema.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "English Qaballa", in 1974.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November 26 1976

text: May is a month of spring in the Northern Hemisphere and autumn in the Southern Hemisphere. Therefore, May in the Southern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of November in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa. Late May typically marks the  of the summer vacation season in the United States and Canada and ends on Labor Day, first Monday of September.

text: May is a month of

text: spring

text: in the Northern Hemisphere and

text: autumn

text: in the Southern Hemisphere. Therefore, May in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: is the seasonal equivalent of

text: November

text: in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa. Late May typically marks the  of the summer vacation season in the United States and Canada and ends on

text: Labor Day

text: , first Monday of September.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: May is a month of spring in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: is the seasonal equivalent of November in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: May is a month of spring in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere and autumn in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: May is a month of spring

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: autumn in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Labor Day,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: May is a month of spring in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Labor Day, first Monday of September.

text: Because of the Earth's axial tilt, no matter what the location of the viewer, there are only two days each year when the sun rises precisely due east. These days are the equinoxes. On all other days, depending on the time of year, the sun rises either north or south of true east (and sets north or south of true west). For all locations the sun is seen to rise north of east (and set north of west) from the Northward equinox to the Southward equinox, and rise south of east (and set south of west) from the Southward equinox to the Northward equinox.

text: Because of the Earth's

text: axial tilt

text: , no matter what the location of the viewer, there are only two days each year when the sun rises precisely due east. These days are the

text: equinox

text: es. On all other days, depending on the time of year, the sun rises either north or south of true east (and sets north or south of true west). For all locations the sun is seen to rise north of east (and set north of west) from the

text: Northward equinox

text: to the

text: Southward equinox

text: , and rise south of east (and set south of west) from the Southward equinox to the Northward equinox.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: true west

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the sun rises precisely due east

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the sun rises precisely due east

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the sun rises either north or south of true east

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: there are only two days each year when the sun rises precisely due east.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the sun rises precisely due east.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: there are only two days each year when the sun rises precisely due east.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: two days each year when the sun rises precisely due east.

text: The 2013 CFL season was the 60th season of modern Canadian professional football. Officially, it was the 56th season of the league.

text: The 2013

entity_name: List of Canadian Football League seasons

text: CFL season

text: was the 60th season of modern Canadian professional football. Officially, it was the 56th season of the league.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: modern Canadian professional football

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: modern Canadian professional football.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 60th

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The 2013 CFL season was the 60th season of modern Canadian professional football.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Canadian professional football.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The 2013 CFL season was the 60th season of modern Canadian professional football.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 60th season of modern Canadian professional football.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 60th

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 56th season of the league.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2013

text: "There are alternatives to its [the climate-change crusade's] insistence that the only appropriate policy response is steep and immediate emissions reductions.... a greenhouse-gas-emissions cap ultimately would constrain energy production. A sensible climate policy would emphasize building resilience into our capacity to adapt to climate changes.... we should consider strategies of adaptation to a changing climate. A rise in the sea level need not be the end of the world, as the Dutch have taught us." says Steven F. Hayward of American Enterprise Institute, a conservative think-tank. Hayward also advocates the use of "orbiting mirrors to rebalance the amounts of solar radiation different parts of the earth receive"—the space sunshade example of so-called geoengineering for solar radiation management.

text: "There are alternatives to its [the climate-change crusade's] insistence that the only appropriate policy response is steep and immediate emissions reductions.... a greenhouse-gas-emissions cap ultimately would constrain energy production. A sensible climate policy would emphasize building resilience into our capacity to adapt to climate changes.... we should consider strategies of adaptation to a changing climate. A rise in the sea level need not be the end of the world, as the Dutch have taught us." says Steven F. Hayward of

text: American Enterprise Institute

text: , a conservative think-tank. Hayward also advocates the use of "orbiting mirrors to rebalance the amounts of solar radiation different parts of the earth receive"—the

text: space sunshade

text: example of so-called

text: geoengineering

text: for

text: solar radiation management

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate changes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the space sunshade

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: different parts of the earth receive

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "orbiting mirrors to rebalance the amounts of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: steep and immediate emissions reductions....

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: "orbiting mirrors to rebalance the amounts of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: space sunshade

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: steep and immediate emissions reductions....

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunshade

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "orbiting mirrors to rebalance the amounts of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: "orbiting mirrors

text: MDRS crews traditionally consist of six people, who volunteer for one of the two week shifts or crew rotations available during the northern hemisphere's winter months. The field season ends in the northern spring since the summer heat of the desert is not conducive to a pleasant simulation. Crews pay all of their own transportation expenses to get to and from the designated assembly place from where they are transported to and from MDRS.  As Volunteers, the Crews are not paid for their participation in a crew rotation at the station, but do get valuable experience. The crews usually consist of a mix of astronomers, physicists, biologists, geologists, engineers and the occasional journalist. Each crew member is usually assigned a role: Commander, Executive Officer (ExO), Health and Safety Officer (HSO), Crew Biologist, Crew Geologist or Chief Engineer.

text: MDRS crews traditionally consist of six people, who volunteer for one of the two week shifts or crew rotations available during the northern hemisphere's winter months. The field season ends in the northern spring since the summer heat of the desert is not conducive to a pleasant simulation. Crews pay all of their own transportation expenses to get to and from the designated assembly place from where they are transported to and from MDRS.  As Volunteers, the Crews are not paid for their participation in a crew rotation at the station, but do get valuable experience. The crews usually consist of a mix of

text: astronomers

text: physicists

text: biologists

text: geologist

text: s,

text: engineers

text: and the occasional

text: journalist

text: . Each crew member is usually assigned a role: Commander, Executive Officer (ExO), Health and Safety Officer (HSO), Crew Biologist, Crew Geologist or Chief Engineer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the summer heat of the desert is not conducive to a pleasant simulation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter months

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the summer heat of the desert is not conducive to a pleasant simulation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the summer heat of the desert is not conducive to a pleasant simulation.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: desert

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere's

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: northern hemisphere's winter months.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The field season ends in the northern spring

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter months.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: northern hemisphere's winter months.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring

text: At an obliquity of zero, the two axes point in the same direction; i.e., the rotational axis is perpendicular to the orbital plane. Over the course of an orbit, the obliquity usually does not change considerably, and the orientation of the axis remains the same relative to the background stars. This causes one pole to be directed more toward the Sun on one side of the orbit, and the other pole on the other side — the cause of the seasons on the Earth. Earth's obliquity oscillates between 22.1 and 24.5 degrees on a 41,000-year cycle. It is currently  and decreasing.

text: At an obliquity of zero, the two axes point in the same direction; i.e., the rotational axis is perpendicular to the orbital plane. Over the course of an orbit, the obliquity usually does not change considerably, and the orientation of the axis remains the same relative to the background

text: stars

text: . This causes one pole to be directed more toward the

text: Sun

text: on one side of the

text: orbit

text: , and the other pole on the other side — the cause of the

text: season

text: s on the

text: Earth

text: . Earth's obliquity oscillates between 22.1 and 24.5 degrees on a 41,000-year cycle. It is currently  and decreasing.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: one pole to be directed more toward the Sun on one side of the orbit, and the other pole on the other side

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: one pole

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth's obliquity oscillates between 22.1 and 24.5 degrees

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the two axes point in the same direction

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: obliquity of zero

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: one pole to be directed more toward the Sun on one side of the orbit,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: pole

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: one pole to be directed more toward the Sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the two axes point in the same direction;

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: obliquity of zero,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: one pole to be directed more toward the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: At an obliquity of zero,

text: Georgescu further points out that regardless of the efficiency of any particular kind of solar collector, the major drawback of solar power per se when compared to terrestrial fossil fuels and uranium (plus thorium) is the diffuse, low-intensity property of solar radiation. Hence, a lot of material equipment is needed as inputs at the surface of the Earth to collect, concentrate and (when convenient) store or transform the radiation before it can be put to use on a larger industrial scale. This necessary material equipment adds to the 'parasitical' operation of solar power, Georgescu maintains.

text: Georgescu further points out that regardless of the efficiency of any particular kind of solar collector, the major drawback of solar power per se when compared to terrestrial

text: fossil fuel

text: s and

text: uranium

text: (plus

text: thorium

text: ) is the

text: diffuse, low-intensity property of solar radiation

text: . Hence, a lot of material equipment is needed as inputs at the surface of the Earth to collect, concentrate and (when convenient)

text: store or transform the radiation

text: before it can be put to use on a larger industrial scale. This necessary material equipment adds to the 'parasitical' operation of solar power, Georgescu maintains.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: (when convenient)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the major drawback of solar power per se

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: diffuse, low-intensity property of solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: diffuse, low-intensity

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: diffuse, low-intensity property of solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: low-intensity

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar collector,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: diffuse, low-intensity property of solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar collector,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the major drawback of solar power

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: diffuse, low-intensity property of solar radiation.

text: The ginkgo is a living fossil, with fossils recognisably related to modern ginkgo from the Permian, dating back 270 million years. The most plausible ancestral group for the order Ginkgoales is the Pteridospermatophyta, also known as the "seed ferns", specifically the order Peltaspermales. The closest living relatives of the clade are the cycads, which share with the extant G. biloba the characteristic of motile sperm. Fossils attributable to the genus Ginkgo first appeared in the Early Jurassic, and the genus diversified and spread throughout Laurasia during the middle Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. It declined in diversity as the Cretaceous progressed, and by the Paleocene, Ginkgo adiantoides was the only Ginkgo species left in the Northern Hemisphere, while a markedly different (and poorly documented) form persisted in the Southern Hemisphere. At the end of the Pliocene, Ginkgo fossils disappeared from the fossil record everywhere except in a small area of central China, where the modern species survived. It is doubtful whether the Northern Hemisphere fossil species of Ginkgo can be reliably distinguished. Given the slow pace of evolution and morphological similarity between members of the genus, there may have been only one or two species existing in the Northern Hemisphere through the entirety of the Cenozoic: present-day G. biloba (including G. adiantoides) and G. gardneri from the Paleocene of Scotland.

text: The ginkgo is a

text: living fossil

text: , with fossils recognisably related to modern ginkgo from the

text: Permian

text: , dating back 270 million years. The most plausible ancestral group for the order Ginkgoales is the

text: Pteridospermatophyta

text: , also known as the "seed ferns", specifically the order

text: Peltaspermales

text: . The closest living relatives of the

text: clade

text: are the

text: cycads

text: , which share with the extant G. biloba the characteristic of

text: motile

text: sperm. Fossils attributable to the genus Ginkgo first appeared in the

text: Early Jurassic

text: , and the genus diversified and spread throughout

text: Laurasia

text: during the middle

text: Jurassic

text: and

text: Early Cretaceous

text: . It declined in diversity as the Cretaceous progressed, and by the

text: Paleocene

text: Ginkgo adiantoides

text: was the only Ginkgo species left in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , while a markedly different (and poorly documented) form persisted in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: . At the end of the

text: Pliocene

text: , Ginkgo fossils disappeared from the fossil record everywhere except in a small area of

text: central China

text: , where the modern species survived. It is doubtful whether the Northern Hemisphere fossil species of Ginkgo can be reliably distinguished. Given the slow pace of evolution and morphological similarity between members of the genus, there may have been only one or two species existing in the Northern Hemisphere through the entirety of the

text: Cenozoic

text: : present-day G. biloba (including G. adiantoides) and

text: G. gardneri

text: from the

text: Paleocene

text: of

text: Scotland

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a markedly different (and poorly documented) form persisted in the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: It declined in diversity as the Cretaceous progressed

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: slow pace of evolution and morphological similarity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: form persisted in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Ginkgo adiantoides

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: central China,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: At the end of the Pliocene,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Ginkgo

text: FK Mogren became first team who won the second champion trophy in CFL. Team from Budva won the title on season 2010-11. FK Budućnost won the second trophy on season 2011-12, with few records as a highest number of points in CFL by single season (80) and highest number of scored goals by season (83).

text: FK Mogren became first team who won the second champion trophy in CFL. Team from

text: Budva

text: won the title on season

text: . FK Budućnost won the second trophy on season

text: , with few records as a highest number of points in CFL by single season (80) and highest number of scored goals by season (83).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: team from Budva won the title

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earths axis of rotation is pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from Polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a highest number of points in CFL by single season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: second champion trophy in CFL.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2010-11.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Budva

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Budva

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2010-11.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (80) and highest number of scored goals by season (83).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2010-11.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2010-11.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: FK Mogren

text: The World Cup is usually held in the northern hemisphere summer. During this season in Qatar, the temperature can get to . Qatar says that this will not be a problem for it hosting the World Cup. A section from Qatar 2022 Bid official site explains:

text: The World Cup is usually held in the northern hemisphere summer. During this season in Qatar, the temperature can get to . Qatar says that this will not be a problem for it hosting the World Cup. A section from Qatar 2022 Bid official site explains:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Qatar has a tropical climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: northern hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The World Cup is usually held in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Qatar,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Qatar,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northern hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer.

text: There are more wine regions with continental climates in the northern hemisphere than there are in the southern hemisphere. This is due, in part, to small land mass size of southern hemisphere continents relative to the large oceans nearby. This difference means that the oceans exert a more direct influence on the climate of the southern hemisphere wine regions (making them maritime or possibly Mediterranean) than they would on the larger northern hemisphere continents. There are also several wine regions (such as Spain) that have areas that exhibit a continental Mediterranean climate due to their altitude or distance from the sea. These regions will have more distinct seasonal change than Mediterranean climates, but still retain some characteristics like a long growing season that is very dry during the summer.

text: There are more wine regions with continental climates in the northern hemisphere than there are in the southern hemisphere. This is due, in part, to small land mass size of southern hemisphere continents relative to the large oceans nearby. This difference means that the oceans exert a more direct influence on the climate of the southern hemisphere wine regions (making them maritime or possibly Mediterranean) than they would on the larger northern hemisphere continents. There are also several wine regions (such as

text: Spain

text: ) that have areas that exhibit a

text: continental Mediterranean climate

text: due to their altitude or distance from the sea. These regions will have more distinct seasonal change than Mediterranean climates, but still retain some characteristics like a long growing season that is very dry during the summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: altitude or distance from the sea

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasonal change

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal change

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: large oceans nearby.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: continental Mediterranean climate

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: a long growing season that is very dry

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mediterranean climates,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: dry during the summer.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northern hemisphere than there are in the southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: northern hemisphere than there are in the southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: southern hemisphere.

text: In Seasons of the Soul she viewed the maturation of spiritual life as an ongoing process through the various seasons until the soul has fulfilled its purpose on earth. It discusses how the Holy Spirit is at work gradually transforming the soul through its seasons in the image and likeness of Jesus.

text: In Seasons of the Soul she viewed the maturation of spiritual life as an ongoing process through the various seasons until the soul has fulfilled its purpose on earth. It discusses how the Holy Spirit is at work gradually transforming the soul through its seasons in the image and likeness of Jesus.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: until the soul has fulfilled its purpose on earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the soul has fulfilled its purpose on earth.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Seasons of the Soul

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: earth.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: ongoing process through the various seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Seasons of the Soul

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Seasons of the Soul

text: Climate engineering consists of carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Since the amount of carbon dioxide determines the radiative balance of Earth atmosphere, carbon dioxide removal techniques can be applied to reduce the radiative forcing. Solar radiation management is the attempt to absorb less solar radiation to offset the effects of greenhouse gases.

text: Climate engineering

text: consists of

text: carbon dioxide removal

text: and

text: solar radiation management

text: . Since the amount of

text: carbon dioxide

text: determines the

text: radiative balance

text: of Earth atmosphere, carbon dioxide removal techniques can be applied to reduce the

text: radiative forcing

text: . Solar radiation management is the attempt to absorb less solar radiation to offset the effects of

text: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: The radiative balance

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the amount of carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation management.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Climate engineering consists of carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: less solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: atmosphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: carbon dioxide removal techniques can be applied to reduce the radiative forcing.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: radiative balance

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Climate engineering consists of carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Climate engineering consists of carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management.

text: In the Japanese calendar, seasons traditionally followed the lunisolar calendar with the solstices and equinoxes at the middle of a season. The traditional Japanese seasons are:

text: In the

text: Japanese calendar

text: , seasons traditionally followed the

text: lunisolar calendar

text: with the

text: solstice

text: s and

text: equinox

text: es at the middle of a season. The traditional Japanese seasons are:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: at the middle of a season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: followed the lunisolar calendar

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: at the middle of a season.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: solstices and equinoxes

text: The Earth has an albedo of 0.3, meaning that 30% of the solar radiation that hits the planet gets scattered back into space without absorption.  The effect of albedo on temperature can be approximated by assuming that the energy absorbed is multiplied by 0.7, but that the planet still radiates as a black body (the latter by definition of effective temperature, which is what we are calculating).  This approximation reduces the temperature by a factor of 0.7, giving 255 K (−18 °C).

text: The Earth has an

text: albedo

text: of 0.3, meaning that 30% of the solar radiation that hits the planet gets scattered back into space without absorption.  The effect of albedo on temperature can be approximated by assuming that the energy absorbed is multiplied by 0.7, but that the planet still radiates as a black body (the latter by definition of

text: effective temperature

text: , which is what we are calculating).  This approximation reduces the temperature by a factor of 0.7, giving 255 K (−18 °C).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: albedo

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: albedo of 0.3

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 255 K ( 18 °C)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth has an albedo of 0.3

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: nighttime

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: albedo

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: albedo

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Earth has an albedo of 0.3,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The Earth has an albedo

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Earth has an albedo of 0.3,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 18 °C).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Earth has an albedo of 0.3,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 0.7,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earth has an albedo of 0.3,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Earth has an albedo of 0.3,

text: Trigon appears in the Teen Titans animated series voiced by Keith Szarabajka (in the first season) and by Kevin Michael Richardson (in the fourth season). He serves as the main antagonist of the fourth season. More or less the same as his comic counterpart, he is evil incarnate and probably the most terrible threat the Teen Titans face. He possesses vast reality manipulation powers, enabling him to reshape the surface of the Earth on a whim, revive the dead (either as superpowered undead servants or flesh and blood), and rip the fabric of space to transport his army across vast distances. He can bring a person's inner darkness to life, creating an exact replica of that person, down to their powers and memories. He also possesses more generic superhuman abilities such as firing energy blasts, creating forcefields, and pyrokinesis (control of fire) [the latter of which he can impart to his servants]. In the season one episode "Nevermore", he first appears unnamed and as a manifestation of anger within Raven's mind. As the main antagonist in the fourth season, Trigon reappears with a different appearance. Trigon resurrects Slade Wilson to force Raven into releasing him upon the Earth. In the three-part finale "The End", Trigon finally emerges and destroys the Earth; the Teen Titans are spared by a fraction of Raven's power before releasing Trigon. The Titans and Slade launch an all-out assault on Trigon, but are ultimately too weak to defeat him. In the end, it is Raven (in her White form) that defeats Trigon using her own strengthened mystical abilities of pure light to obliterate Trigon, undoing the destruction he had caused in the process. It has been mentioned by the show's writers that Trigon was a nightmare of a villain to them due to his near-omnipotent powers, meaning that realistically the Teen Titans would stand no chance against the villain if he attacked them. The original 'Terror of Trigon' story contained a solution due to the writers also being faced with the same problem and the show adapted it from the comics.

text: Trigon appears in the

text: Teen Titans

text: animated series voiced by

text: Keith Szarabajka

text: (in the first season) and by

text: Kevin Michael Richardson

text: (in the fourth season). He serves as the main antagonist of the fourth season. More or less the same as his comic counterpart, he is evil incarnate and probably the most terrible threat the Teen Titans face. He possesses vast reality manipulation powers, enabling him to reshape the surface of the Earth on a whim, revive the dead (either as superpowered undead servants or flesh and blood), and rip the fabric of space to transport his army across vast distances. He can bring a person's inner darkness to life, creating an exact replica of that person, down to their powers and memories. He also possesses more generic superhuman abilities such as firing energy blasts, creating forcefields, and pyrokinesis (control of fire) [the latter of which he can impart to his servants]. In the season one episode "Nevermore", he first appears unnamed and as a manifestation of anger within

text: Raven

text: 's mind. As the main antagonist in the fourth season, Trigon reappears with a different appearance. Trigon resurrects

text: Slade Wilson

text: to force Raven into releasing him upon the Earth. In the three-part finale "The End", Trigon finally emerges and destroys the Earth; the

text: Teen Titans

text: are spared by a fraction of Raven's power before releasing Trigon. The Titans and Slade launch an all-out assault on Trigon, but are ultimately too weak to defeat him. In the end, it is Raven (in her White form) that defeats Trigon using her own strengthened mystical abilities of pure light to obliterate Trigon, undoing the destruction he had caused in the process. It has been mentioned by the show's writers that Trigon was a nightmare of a villain to them due to his near-omnipotent powers, meaning that realistically the Teen Titans would stand no chance against the villain if he attacked them. The original 'Terror of Trigon' story contained a solution due to the writers also being faced with the same problem and the show adapted it from the comics.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Trigon was a nightmare of a villain to them due to his near-omnipotent powers

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: nevermore

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Trigon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Trigon reappears with a different appearance

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is Raven (in her White form) that defeats Trigon

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: reality manipulation

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Raven (in her White form) that defeats Trigon using her own strengthened mystical abilities of pure light to obliterate Trigon, undoing the destruction he had caused in the process.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the writers also being faced with the same problem

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: pyrokinesis

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Trigon

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Trigon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Trigon

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The original 'Terror of Trigon'

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: anger within Raven's mind.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Trigon

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The original 'Terror of Trigon'

text: Note that all the times are given in UTC (roughly speaking, the time at Greenwich, ignoring British Summer Time). People living farther to the east (Asia and Australia), whose local times are in advance, will see the astronomical seasons apparently start later; for example, in Tonga (UTC+13), an equinox occurred on September 24, 1999, a date which will not crop up again until 2103. On the other hand, people living far to the west (America) whose clocks run behind UTC may experience an equinox as early as March 19.

text: Note that all the times are given in

text: UTC

text: (roughly speaking, the time at

text: Greenwich

text: , ignoring British Summer Time). People living farther to the east (Asia and Australia), whose local times are in advance, will see the astronomical seasons apparently start later; for example, in

text: Tonga

text: (UTC+13), an equinox occurred on September 24, 1999, a date which will not crop up again until 2103. On the other hand, people living far to the west (America) whose clocks run behind UTC may experience an equinox as early as March 19.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: an equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March 19

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the date which will not crop up again until 2103

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: whose local times are in advance,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: British Summer Time).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Tonga

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (America)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: People living farther to the east

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: British Summer Time).

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March 19.

text: Solar flares strongly influence the local space weather in the vicinity of the Earth. They can produce streams of highly energetic particles in the solar wind, known as a solar proton event. These particles can impact the Earth's magnetosphere (see main article at geomagnetic storm), and present radiation hazards to spacecraft and astronauts. Additionally, massive solar flares are sometimes accompanied by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) which can trigger geomagnetic storms that have been known to disable satellites and knock out terrestrial electric power grids for extended periods of time.

text: Solar flares strongly influence the local

text: space weather

text: in the vicinity of the Earth. They can produce streams of highly energetic particles in the

text: solar wind

text: , known as a solar proton event. These particles can impact the Earth's

text: magnetosphere

text: (see main article at

text: geomagnetic storm

text: ), and present

text: radiation

text: hazards to spacecraft and astronauts. Additionally, massive solar flares are sometimes accompanied by

text: coronal mass ejections

text: (CMEs) which can trigger

text: geomagnetic storms

text: that

text: have been known

text: to disable satellites and knock out terrestrial electric power grids for extended periods of time.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: magnetosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar proton event

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar proton event

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar proton event.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: magnetosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Solar flares strongly influence the local space weather in the vicinity of the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: a solar proton event.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Solar flares

text: The June solstice, also known as the northern solstice, is the solstice on the Earth that occurs each June falling on the 20th–22nd according to the Gregorian calendar. In the Northern Hemisphere, the June solstice is the summer solstice, whilst in the Southern Hemisphere it is the winter solstice.

text: The June solstice, also known as the northern solstice, is the

text: solstice

text: on the Earth that occurs each June falling on the 20th–22nd according to the

text: Gregorian calendar

text: . In the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , the June solstice is the

text: summer solstice

text: , whilst in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: it is the

text: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Gregorian calendar

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the June solstice is the summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Gregorian calendar.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the June solstice is the summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 20th–22nd

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: June solstice,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: In the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 20th–22nd according to the Gregorian calendar.

text: The summer solstice occurs during, or at the start of the hemisphere's summer.  This is the northern solstice in the northern hemisphere and the southern solstice in the southern hemisphere. Depending on the shift of the calendar, the summer solstice occurs some time between June 20 and June 22 in the northern hemisphere and between December 20 and December 23 each year in the southern hemisphere. The same dates in the opposite hemisphere are referred to as the winter solstice.

text: The summer solstice occurs during, or at the start of the hemisphere's

text: summer

text: .  This is the

text: northern solstice

text: in the

text: northern hemisphere

text: and the

text: southern solstice

text: in the

text: southern hemisphere

text: . Depending on the shift of the calendar, the summer solstice occurs some time between June 20 and June 22 in the northern hemisphere and between December 20 and December 23 each year in the southern hemisphere. The same dates in the opposite hemisphere are referred to as the

text: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation on its axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 20 and December 23

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: between December 20 and December 23 each year in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: shift of the calendar,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: winter solstice.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The same dates

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter solstice.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December 20 and December 23

text: Equinox Publishing Ltd is an independent academic publisher founded in 2003 by Janet Joyce and based in Sheffield. It publishes textbooks, anthologies, monographs, and reference books in the areas of archaeology, linguistics, cultural history, religious studies, theology, biblical studies, cookery, and popular music. In 2009, Equinox had a list of over 200 published titles and planned to publish another 40 new books. The list of academic journals has grown to over 40 titles in 2015.

text: Equinox Publishing Ltd is an independent

text: academic publisher

text: founded in 2003 by Janet Joyce and based in

text: Sheffield

text: . It publishes

text: textbook

text: s,

text: anthologies

text: monograph

text: s, and

text: reference book

text: s in the areas of

text: archaeology

text: linguistics

text: cultural history

text: religious studies

text: theology

text: biblical studies

text: , cookery, and popular music. In 2009, Equinox had a list of over 200 published titles and planned to publish another 40 new books. The list of

text: academic journals

text: has grown to over 40 titles in 2015.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox Publishing Ltd was founded in 2003

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: It publishes textbooks, anthologies, monographs, and reference books

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: archaeology,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Sheffield.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Sheffield.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sheffield.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox Publishing Ltd is an independent academic publisher founded in 2003

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: In 2009, Equinox had a list of over 200 published titles

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2003

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox Publishing Ltd is an independent academic publisher founded in 2003

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox Publishing Ltd is an independent academic publisher founded in 2003

text: Made on a budget of a mere $6,500 in 1967, Equinox initially gained a reputation as a midnight movie during its theatrical run,  but has in later years been noted for its economical yet sophisticated use of stop-motion special effects and cel animation, which were provided by Dave Allen  and Jim Danforth; the latter later worked on Flesh Gordon, in which he animated a giant monster similar to the ones in Equinox. The film has been influential to the horror and sci-fi monster genres, receiving praise from filmmaker George Lucas and effects artist Ray Harryhausen; it was also noted as a main inspiration for Sam Raimi's The Evil Dead (1983). It was released on DVD by The Criterion Collection in 2006.

text: Made on a budget of a mere $6,500 in 1967, Equinox initially gained a reputation as a

text: midnight movie

text: during its theatrical run,  but has in later years been noted for its economical yet sophisticated use of

text: stop-motion

text: special effect

text: s and

text: cel animation

text: , which were provided by

text: Dave Allen

text: and

text: Jim Danforth

text: ; the latter later worked on

text: Flesh Gordon

text: , in which he animated a giant monster similar to the ones in Equinox. The film has been influential to the horror and sci-fi monster genres, receiving praise from filmmaker

text: George Lucas

text: and effects artist

text: Ray Harryhausen

text: ; it was also noted as a main inspiration for

text: Sam Raimi

text: 's

text: The Evil Dead

text: (1983). It was released on DVD by

text: The Criterion Collection

text: in 2006.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the film has been influential to the horror and sci-fi monster genres

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: made on a budget of a mere $6,500 in 1967

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: midnight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: economical yet sophisticated use of stop-motion special effects and cel animation,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: midnight

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: economical yet sophisticated use of stop-motion special effects and cel animation,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: midnight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: $6,500

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox

text: At the end of season 2014-15, second title in the club's history won FK Rudar, and next season, at the 10th edition of CFL, the trophy surprisingly won Mladost from Podgorica.

text: At the end of season

text: , second title in the club's history won FK Rudar, and

text: next season

text: , at the 10th edition of CFL, the trophy surprisingly won

text: Mladost

text: from

text: Podgorica

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: season 2014-15

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2014-15

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: second title in the club's history

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2014-15,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2014-15,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Podgorica.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Podgorica.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2014-15,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: At the end of season 2014-15,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 10th edition of CFL,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2014-15,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2014-15,

text: A season is a division of the year marked by changes in weather, ecology and hours of daylight. Seasons result from the yearly orbit of the Earth around the Sun and the tilt of the Earth's rotational axis relative to the plane of the orbit. In temperate and polar regions, the seasons are marked by changes in the intensity of sunlight that reaches the Earth's surface, variations of which may cause animals to go into hibernation or to migrate, and plants to be dormant.

text: A season is a division of the year marked by changes in weather,

text: ecology

text: and hours of daylight. Seasons result from the yearly orbit of the

text: Earth

text: around the

text: Sun

text: and the

text: tilt of the Earth's rotational axis

text: relative to the plane of the orbit. In temperate and polar regions, the seasons are marked by changes in the intensity of sunlight that reaches the Earth's surface, variations of which may cause animals to go into

text: hibernation

text: or to migrate, and plants to be dormant.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: yearly orbit of the Earth around the Sun and the tilt of the Earth's rotational axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: hours of daylight

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: changes in the intensity of sunlight

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the yearly orbit of the Earth around the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: temperate

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: hours of daylight.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: temperate and polar regions,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: animals to go into hibernation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: tilt of the Earth's rotational axis

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: tilt of the Earth's rotational axis

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: hours of daylight.

text: Earth's seasonal lag is largely caused by the presence of large amounts of water, which has a high latent heat of freezing and of condensation. The length of seasonal lag varies between different climates, with extremes ranging from as little as 15–20 days (for polar regions in summer and continental interiors) to as much as 2½ months (for low-latitude oceanic areas). In many locations, it is not "seasonally symmetric"; that is, the period between the winter solstice and thermal midwinter (coldest time) is not the same as between the summer solstice and thermal midsummer (hottest time). In low and mid latitudes, the summer lag is longer, while in polar areas the winter lag is longer (coreless winter in interior Antarctica and Greenland). In mid-latitude continental climates, it is approximately 20–25 days in winter and 25–35 days in summer.

text: Earth's seasonal lag is largely caused by the presence of large amounts of water, which has a high

text: latent heat

text: of freezing and of condensation. The length of seasonal lag varies between different

text: climates

text: , with extremes ranging from as little as 15–20 days (for polar regions in summer and continental interiors) to as much as 2½ months (for low-latitude oceanic areas). In many locations, it is not "seasonally symmetric"; that is, the period between the winter solstice and thermal midwinter (coldest time) is not the same as between the summer solstice and thermal midsummer (hottest time). In low and mid latitudes, the summer lag is longer, while in polar areas the winter lag is longer (coreless winter in interior Antarctica and Greenland). In mid-latitude continental climates, it is approximately 20–25 days in winter and 25–35 days in summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the presence of large amounts of water

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: thermal midsummer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is not "seasonally symmetric"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the presence of large amounts of water,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 15–20 days

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (coreless winter in interior Antarctica and Greenland).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: low-latitude oceanic areas).

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: (coldest time)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer solstice and thermal midsummer (hottest time).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "seasonally symmetric";

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter solstice

text: Abdussamatov presented papers at the fourth and ninth International Conference on Climate Change, events sponsored by the Heartland Institute and, according to the organiser, bringing together "think tank cosponsors and [...] scientists who dispute the claim that the science is settled". Abdussamatov claims that "global warming results not from the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, but from an unusually high level of solar radiation and a lengthy—almost throughout the last century—growth in its intensity." This view contradicts the mainstream scientific opinion on climate change. He has asserted that "parallel global warmings—observed simultaneously on Mars and on Earth—can only be a straightline consequence of the effect of the one same factor: a long-time change in solar irradiance."This claim has not been accepted by the broader scientific community. Some of Abdussamatov's opponents have stated that "the idea just isn't supported by the theory or by the observations" and that it "doesn't make physical sense."

text: Abdussamatov presented papers at the fourth and ninth

entity_name: International Conference on Climate Change

text: International Conference on Climate Change

text: , events sponsored by the

text: Heartland Institute

text: and, according to the organiser, bringing together "think tank cosponsors and [...] scientists who dispute the claim that the science is settled". Abdussamatov claims that "global warming results not from the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, but from an unusually high level of solar radiation and a lengthy—almost throughout the last century—

text: growth in its intensity

text: ." This view contradicts the

text: mainstream scientific opinion on climate change

text: . He has asserted that "parallel global warmings—observed simultaneously on Mars and on Earth—can only be a straightline consequence of the effect of the one same factor: a long-time

text: change in solar irradiance

text: ."This claim has not been accepted by the broader scientific community. Some of Abdussamatov's opponents have stated that "the idea just isn't supported by the theory or by the observations" and that it "doesn't make physical sense."

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: parallel global warmings

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: long-time change in solar irradiance."This

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "global warming

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: fourth and ninth International Conference on Climate Change,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: simultaneously on Mars and on Earth—can

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "parallel global warmings—observed simultaneously on Mars

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "global warming results not from the emission of greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: fourth and ninth International Conference on Climate Change,

text: The first half of 2007 was fairly uneventful for Equinox until he scored an upset over the much larger Brodie Lee in Lee's Chikara debut, although Lee returned a couple of months later and easily defeated Equinox in a rematch. Equinox rebounded and scored another major upset, this time by pinning Chris Hero in a tag team match during Invaders weekend. Hero then began feuding with Equinox, which culminated in a hair vs. mask match that Hero won. After the match, Hero exposed Equinox as a Wrestle Factory drop-out who donned a mask and conned Skayde to get ahead in the wrestling business. After his unmasking, Equinox began using his real name (Vin Gerard) and became a villain while also adopting both a new wrestling style and an entirely new attire consisting of black tights with slight variations of the fire and ice symbols from his Equinox attire and a bandanna. Gerard later elaborated on his situation with Skayde, noting that he had threatened to report Skayde to the border patrol if he did not pretend Gerard was his student. Soon after his unmasking, Gerard was banished from the locker room, robbing him of any entrance music and forcing him to enter the arena though the back door of every venue Chikara ran in.

text: The first half of 2007 was fairly uneventful for Equinox until he scored an upset over the much larger

text: Brodie Lee

text: in Lee's Chikara debut, although Lee returned a couple of months later and

text: easily defeated

text: Equinox in a rematch. Equinox rebounded and scored another major upset, this time by pinning

text: Chris Hero

text: in a tag team match during Invaders weekend. Hero then began

text: feuding

text: with Equinox, which culminated in a

text: hair vs. mask match

text: that Hero won. After the match, Hero exposed Equinox as a Wrestle Factory drop-out who donned a mask and conned Skayde to get ahead in the wrestling business. After his unmasking, Equinox began using his real name (Vin Gerard) and became a

text: villain

text: while also adopting both a new wrestling style and an entirely new attire consisting of black tights with slight variations of the fire and ice symbols from his Equinox attire and a

text: bandanna

text: . Gerard later elaborated on his situation with Skayde, noting that he had threatened to report Skayde to the

text: border patrol

text: if he did not pretend Gerard was his student. Soon after his unmasking, Gerard was banished from the locker room, robbing him of any

text: entrance music

text: and forcing him to enter the arena though the back door of every venue Chikara ran in.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Hero then began feuding with Equinox, which culminated in a hair vs. mask match

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Invaders weekend

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Invaders weekend

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: he scored an upset over the much larger Brodie Lee

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Equinox rebounded and scored another major upset,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Invaders weekend.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The first half of 2007

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The first half of 2007 was fairly uneventful for Equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: fire and ice symbols

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Invaders weekend.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Equinox rebounded and scored another major upset,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Invaders weekend.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Chris Hero

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2007 was fairly uneventful for Equinox

text: Research and practical experience with the degradation of roofing membranes over a number of years have shown that heat from the sun is one of the most potent factors that affects durability. High temperatures and large variations, seasonally or daily, at the roofing level are detrimental to the longevity of roof membranes. Reducing the extremes of temperature change will reduce the incidence of damage to membrane systems. Covering membranes with materials that reflect ultraviolet and infrared radiation will reduce damage caused by u/v and heat degradation. White surfaces reflect more than half of the radiation that reaches them, while black surfaces absorb almost all. White or white coated roofing membranes, or white gravel cover would appear to be the best approach to control these problems where membranes must be left exposed to solar radiation.

text: Research and practical experience with the degradation of roofing membranes over a number of years have shown that heat from the sun is one of the most potent factors that affects durability. High temperatures and large variations, seasonally or daily, at the roofing level are detrimental to the longevity of roof membranes. Reducing the extremes of temperature change will reduce the incidence of damage to membrane systems. Covering membranes with materials that reflect ultraviolet and infrared radiation will reduce damage caused by u/v and heat degradation. White surfaces reflect more than half of the radiation that reaches them, while black surfaces absorb almost all. White or white coated roofing membranes, or white gravel cover would appear to be the best approach to control these problems where membranes must be left exposed to solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: heat from the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: black surfaces

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonally

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasonally

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: High temperatures

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: ultraviolet and infrared radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: High temperatures and large variations, seasonally

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: seasonally or daily,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: black

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: High temperatures

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonally or daily,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daily,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: heat from the sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Covering membranes with materials that reflect ultraviolet and infrared radiation

text: Equinox is an Amiga demo group with an active period between the years 1987-1996.

text: Equinox is an

text: Amiga

text: demo group

text: with an active period between the years 1987-1996.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Equinox is an Amiga demo group

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the tropics

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox was active

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was active from 1987 to 1996

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 1987-1996.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1987-1996.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1987-1996.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1987-1996.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 1987-1996.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1987-1996.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: active period between the years 1987-1996.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1987-1996.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1987-1996.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1987-1996.

text: A year is the orbital period of the Earth moving in its orbit around the Sun. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by changes in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the globe,  four seasons are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn and winter. In tropical and subtropical regions  several geographical sectors  do not present defined seasons;  but in the seasonal tropics, the annual wet and dry seasons are recognized and tracked.

text: A year is the

text: orbital period

text: of the

text: Earth

text: moving in

text: its orbit

text: around the

text: Sun

text: . Due to the Earth's

text: axial tilt

text: , the course of a year sees the passing of the

text: season

text: s, marked by changes in

text: weather

text: , the hours of

text: daylight

text: , and, consequently,

text: vegetation

text: and

text: soil fertility

text: . In

text: temperate

text: and

text: subpolar

text: regions around the globe,  four seasons are generally recognized:

text: spring

text: summer

text: autumn

text: and

text: winter

text: . In

text: tropical

text: and

text: subtropical

text: regions  several geographical sectors  do not present defined seasons;  but in the

text: seasonal tropics

text: , the annual

text: wet

text: and

text: dry seasons

text: are recognized and tracked.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Due to the Earth's axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: due to the Earth's axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Due to the Earth's axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: four seasons are generally recognized: spring,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical and subtropical regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical and subtropical regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: four seasons are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn and winter.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Due to the Earth's axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring, summer, autumn and winter.

text: The Equinox and related Pontiac Torrent are mid-size crossovers that were introduced in 2004 for the 2005 model year (Equinox) and 2005 for the 2006 model year (Torrent), respectively. The Equinox is the first crossover SUV from Chevrolet. The Torrent was introduced at the 2005 Los Angeles Auto Show and went on sale in late summer 2005. The Torrent was the successor to the discontinued Pontiac Aztek.

text: The Equinox and related Pontiac Torrent are

text: mid-size crossover

text: s that were introduced in 2004 for the 2005 model year (Equinox) and 2005 for the 2006 model year (Torrent), respectively. The Equinox is the first crossover SUV from Chevrolet. The Torrent was introduced at the 2005

text: Los Angeles Auto Show

text: and went on sale in late summer 2005. The Torrent was the successor to the discontinued

text: Pontiac Aztek

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Torrent was introduced at the 2005 Los Angeles Auto Show and went on sale in late summer 2005

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2005

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: introduced in 2004 for the 2005 model year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Torrent was the successor to the discontinued Pontiac Aztek.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: late summer 2005.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer 2005.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Los Angeles Auto Show

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2005.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: mid-size crossovers that were introduced in 2004 for the 2005 model year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: late summer 2005.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Pontiac Torrent

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2004

text: On April 19, 2016, the band announced that they had been working on a collaborative EP with Northlane entitled "Equinox". It was recorded in Sydney with producer Will Putney. The EP features three songs: "Refuge", "Equinox" and "Hologram" and was released on April 20, through UNFD. The band have stated that they will be playing all songs live on the Equinox tour, co-headlined by Northlane and supported by Hands Like Houses.

text: On April 19, 2016, the band announced that they had been working on a collaborative EP with

text: Northlane

text: entitled "Equinox". It was recorded in Sydney with producer Will Putney. The EP features three songs: "Refuge", "Equinox" and "Hologram" and was released on April 20, through UNFD. The band have stated that they will be playing all songs live on the Equinox tour, co-headlined by Northlane and supported by

text: Hands Like Houses

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a collaborative EP with Northlane entitled "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sydney

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: April 20

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: was recorded in Sydney with producer Will Putney

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: "Equinox".

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Equinox".

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "Equinox".

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Sydney

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sydney

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: April 20,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The band have stated that they will be playing all songs live

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "Equinox".

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "Equinox".

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: "Equinox".

text: During May, June, and July, the northern hemisphere is exposed to more direct sunlight because the hemisphere faces the sun. The same is true of the southern hemisphere in November, December, and January. It is the tilt of the Earth that causes the Sun to be higher in the sky during the summer months which increases the solar flux. However, due to seasonal lag, June, July, and August are the hottest months in the northern hemisphere and December, January, and February are the hottest months in the southern hemisphere.

text: During May, June, and July, the

text: northern hemisphere

text: is exposed to more direct sunlight because the hemisphere faces the sun. The same is true of the

text: southern hemisphere

text: in November, December, and January. It is the tilt of the Earth that causes the Sun to be higher in the sky during the summer

text: month

text: s which increases the

text: solar flux

text: . However, due to

text: seasonal lag

text: , June, July, and August are the hottest months in the northern hemisphere and December, January, and February are the hottest months in the southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: tilt of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December, January, and February are the hottest months in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: May, June, and July, the northern hemisphere is exposed to more direct sunlight

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasonal lag

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the tilt of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: more direct sunlight

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: During May, June, and July,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November, December, and January.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: November, December, and January.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: November, December, and January.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: tilt of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November, December, and January.

text: The second season draws to a close with the defeat of the Neosapiens and the liberation of Earth, but it ends with a cliffhanger suggesting that a third season would describe a war against a new alien race, and that the Terrans and the Neosapiens would be forced to ally with each other. However, the series was cancelled soon after the end of the second season so a third season was never made.

text: The second season draws to a close with the defeat of the Neosapiens and the liberation of Earth, but it ends with a

text: cliffhanger

text: suggesting that a third season would describe a war against a new

text: alien race

text: , and that the Terrans and the Neosapiens would be forced to ally with each other. However, the series was cancelled soon after the end of the second season so a third season was never made.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the series was cancelled soon after the end of the second season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: a third season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the series was cancelled soon after the end of the second season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: defeat of the Neosapiens and the liberation of Earth,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Neosapiens

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a third season was never made.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: defeat of the Neosapiens

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Earth,

text: The dynamic theory explains the monsoon on the basis of the annual shifts in the position of global belts of pressure and winds. According to this theory, the monsoon is a result of the shift of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) under the influence of the vertical sun. Though the mean position of the ITCZ is taken as the equator, it shifts north and south with the migration of the vertical sun toward the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn during the summer of the respective hemispheres (Northern and Southern Hemisphere). As such, during the northern summer (May and June), the ITCZ moves north, along with the vertical sun, toward the Tropic of Cancer. The ITCZ, as the zone of lowest pressure in the tropical region, is the target destination for the trade winds of both hemispheres. Consequently, with the ITCZ at the Tropic of Cancer, the southeast trade winds of the Southern Hemisphere have to cross the equator to reach it. However, because of the Coriolis effect (which causes winds in the Northern Hemisphere to turn right, whereas winds in the Southern Hemisphere turn left), these southeast trade winds are deflected east in the Northern Hemisphere, transforming into southwest trades. These pick up moisture while traveling from sea to land and cause orographic rain once they hit the highlands of the Indian Peninsula. This results in the southwest monsoon.

text: The dynamic theory explains the monsoon on the basis of the annual shifts in the position of global belts of pressure and winds. According to this theory, the monsoon is a result of the shift of the

text: Inter Tropical Convergence Zone

text: (ITCZ) under the influence of the

text: vertical sun

text: . Though the mean position of the ITCZ is taken as the equator, it shifts north and south with the migration of the vertical sun toward the Tropics of

text: Cancer

text: and

text: Capricorn

text: during the

text: summer

text: of the respective hemispheres (

text: Northern

text: and

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: ). As such, during the northern summer (May and June), the ITCZ moves north, along with the vertical sun, toward the Tropic of Cancer. The ITCZ, as the zone of lowest pressure in the tropical region, is the target destination for the

text: trade wind

text: s of both hemispheres. Consequently, with the ITCZ at the Tropic of Cancer, the southeast trade winds of the Southern Hemisphere have to cross the equator to reach it. However, because of the

text: Coriolis effect

text: (which causes winds in the Northern Hemisphere to turn right, whereas winds in the Southern Hemisphere turn left), these southeast trade winds are deflected east in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , transforming into southwest trades. These pick up moisture while traveling from sea to land and cause orographic rain once they hit the highlands of the Indian Peninsula. This results in the southwest monsoon.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: shifts in the position of global belts of pressure and winds

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the mean position of the ITCZ is taken as the equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: annual shifts in the position of global belts of pressure and winds.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: northern summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equator,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: northern summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it shifts north and south

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equator,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: vertical sun toward the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: (May and June),

text: An environmental holocaust, which happened because the sun created an onslaught of solar flares made up of red-hot, radiation ridden plasma that nearly destroyed Earth. This left the atmosphere ridden with solar radiation and increased the global temperature greatly. Because of this catastrophe, it leaves almost every human on earth dead, devastates the environment, and collapses all of society and the global economy. Crime rates have drastically increased, and the few human beings left have decided to fend for themselves, therefore, much of the world, including America, have become totalitarian governments. The people in control are gangs of rampaging marauders. In post-apocalyptic America, the once sovereign society has become a corrupt, crime ridden totalitarian wasteland. The few remaining citizens are either hiding in devastated urban areas or are in control of by a series of gangs that now rule the cities with an iron fist. A former cop, John Travis, is a martial arts expert and spends his days undercover, walking across the barren urban landscape. Travis is doing his best to maintain some kind of order, despite the fact that the gangs slowly weed each other out by fighting in large arenas to create the most powerful gang that would control the government.

text: An environmental holocaust, which happened because the

text: sun

text: created an onslaught of solar flares made up of red-hot, radiation ridden plasma that nearly destroyed Earth. This left the atmosphere ridden with solar radiation and increased the global temperature greatly. Because of this catastrophe, it leaves almost every human on earth dead, devastates the environment, and collapses all of society and the global economy. Crime rates have drastically increased, and the few human beings left have decided to fend for themselves, therefore, much of the world, including America, have become

text: totalitarian governments

text: . The people in control are gangs of rampaging marauders. In post-apocalyptic America, the once sovereign society has become a corrupt, crime ridden totalitarian wasteland. The few remaining citizens are either hiding in devastated urban areas or are in control of by a series of gangs that now rule the cities with an iron fist. A former cop, John Travis, is a martial arts expert and spends his days undercover, walking across the barren urban landscape. Travis is doing his best to maintain some kind of order, despite the fact that the gangs slowly weed each other out by fighting in large arenas to create the most powerful gang that would control the government.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: what time of year does the story take place

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: global temperature greatly

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: An environmental holocaust,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: environmental holocaust,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: An environmental holocaust,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: barren urban landscape.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: An environmental holocaust,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: environmental holocaust,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: An environmental holocaust,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: An environmental holocaust,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: An environmental holocaust,

text: 1960 CFL season | 1961 CFL season | 1962 CFL season | 1963 CFL season | 1964 CFL season | 1965 CFL season | 1966 CFL season | 1967 CFL season | 1968 CFL season | 1969 CFL season

text: 1960 CFL season

text: 1961 CFL season

text: 1962 CFL season

text: 1963 CFL season

text: 1964 CFL season

text: 1965 CFL season

text: 1966 CFL season

text: 1967 CFL season

text: 1968 CFL season

text: 1969 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cfl is a football league

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: the winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: During the winter, we experience shorter days and longer nights

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It does not.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1969

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polaris

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 1960 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1969 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1960 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1960 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 1960 CFL season | 1961 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1960 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 1960

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1968

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1960 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1965 CFL season | 1966

text: The Multiverse concept is explored during the second season of The Flash, which is pivotal to the conflicts between Barry Allen (Grant Gustin) and rogue speedster Hunter Zolomon (Teddy Sears; voiced by Tony Todd). The access points to the Multiverse are portals that were created as a result of an exploding singularity over Central City during the season 2 premiere "The Man Who Saved Central City". In the episode "Enter Zoom", it is revealed that Earth-2's version of Green Arrow is Robert Queen (Jamey Sheridan) instead of his son Oliver (Stephen Amell), who presumably died on the boat accident. In the season 2 finale "The Race of His Life", Zoom reveals that the universe in which that of Arrow, The Flash and Legends of Tomorrow sets is positioned in the Multiverse's center. After Jay Garrick is rescued from Zoom, he reveals that he is from yet another Earth, designated Earth-3. In the Season 3 episode "The New Rogues", the Flash team explore the multiverse in search of a Harrison Wells doppelganger to replace the Earth-2 version. They encounter four others from various Earths, two of which are named Earth-17 and Earth-19, from which their new recruit, Harrison "H.R." Wells, originates.

text: The Multiverse concept is explored during the second season of The Flash, which is pivotal to the conflicts between Barry Allen (

text: Grant Gustin

text: ) and rogue speedster

text: Hunter Zolomon

text: Teddy Sears

text: ; voiced by

text: Tony Todd

text: ). The access points to the Multiverse are portals that were created as a result of an exploding singularity over Central City during the season 2 premiere "The Man Who Saved Central City". In the episode "Enter Zoom", it is revealed that Earth-2's version of

text: Green Arrow

text: is Robert Queen (

text: Jamey Sheridan

text: ) instead of his son Oliver (

text: Stephen Amell

text: ), who presumably died on the boat accident. In the season 2 finale "The Race of His Life", Zoom reveals that the universe in which that of Arrow, The Flash and

text: Legends of Tomorrow

text: sets is positioned in the Multiverse's center. After

text: Jay Garrick

text: is rescued from Zoom, he reveals that he is from yet another Earth, designated Earth-3. In the Season 3 episode "The New Rogues", the Flash team explore the multiverse in search of a Harrison Wells doppelganger to replace the Earth-2 version. They encounter four others from various Earths, two of which are named Earth-17 and Earth-19, from which their new recruit, Harrison "H.R." Wells, originates.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Multiverse concept is explored during the second season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-19

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the season 2 finale

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-17

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-17

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: an exploding singularity over Central City

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: exploding singularity

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Multiverse concept is explored during the second season of The Flash,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Central City

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-17 and Earth-19,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: season 2 premiere "The Man Who Saved Central City".

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-17 and Earth-19,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-3.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth-17 and Earth-19,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Multiverse concept is explored during the second season of The Flash,

text: Both the magnitude of wind mixing and the availability of light at the ocean's surface are affected across a range of space- and time-scales.  The most characteristic of these is the seasonal cycle (caused by the consequences of the Earth's axial tilt), although wind magnitudes additionally have strong spatial components.  Consequently, primary production in temperate regions such as the North Atlantic is highly seasonal, varying with both incident light at the water's surface (reduced in winter) and the degree of mixing (increased in winter).  In tropical regions, such as the gyres in the middle of the major basins, light may only vary slightly across the year, and  mixing may only occur episodically, such as during large storms or hurricanes.

text: Both the magnitude of wind mixing and the availability of light at the ocean's surface are affected across a range of space- and time-scales.  The most characteristic of these is the

text: seasonal cycle

text: (caused by the

text: consequences

text: of the Earth's

text: axial tilt

text: ), although wind magnitudes additionally have strong

text: spatial components

text: .  Consequently, primary production in

text: temperate

text: regions such as the

text: North Atlantic

text: is highly seasonal, varying with both incident light at the water's surface (reduced in winter) and the degree of mixing (increased in winter).  In

text: tropical

text: regions, such as the

text: gyre

text: s in the middle of the major

text: basins

text: , light may only vary slightly across the year, and  mixing may only occur episodically, such as during large

text: storm

text: s or

text: hurricane

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: in winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: increased in winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: light may only vary slightly

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the consequences of the Earth's axial tilt),

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasonal cycle

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (reduced in winter)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical regions,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical regions,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: (increased

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: affected across a range of space- and time-scales.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasonal cycle

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt),

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: affected across a range of space- and time-scales.

text: Equinox is the second album by Sérgio Mendes and Brasil '66, with vocalists Lani Hall and Janis Hansen.

text: Equinox is the second

text: album

text: by

text: Sérgio Mendes

text: and

text: Brasil '66

text: , with vocalists

text: Lani Hall

text: and

text: Janis Hansen

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox was released

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was released in 2006

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Brasil '66,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Brasil '66,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Brasil '66,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: vocalists Lani Hall and Janis Hansen.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Brasil '66,

text: October signed with the Montreal Alouettes in 1999. He was used mainly as a kick returner, also seeing time at defensive back. He returned two punts for touchdowns and a missed field 111 yards for a touchdown during the 2000 CFL season. He became a free agent after the 2000 season.

text: October signed with the Montreal Alouettes in 1999. He was used mainly as a kick returner, also seeing time at defensive back. He returned two punts for touchdowns and a missed field 111 yards for a touchdown during the

text: 2000 CFL season

text: . He became a free agent after the 2000 season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He became a free agent after the 2000 season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He became a free agent

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1999.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: October signed with the Montreal Alouettes in 1999.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Montreal

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Montreal Alouettes in 1999.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October signed with the Montreal Alouettes in 1999.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 1999.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1999.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: October signed with the Montreal Alouettes in 1999.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: October signed with the Montreal Alouettes in 1999.

text: Other large solar flares also occurred on April 2, 2001 (X20), October 28, 2003 (X17.2 and 10), September 7, 2005 (X17), February 17, 2011 (X2), August 9, 2011 (X6.9), March 7, 2012 (X5.4), July 6, 2012 (X1.1). On July 6, 2012, a solar storm hit just after midnight UK time, when an X1.1 solar flare fired out of the AR1515 sunspot. Another X1.4 solar flare from AR 1520 region of the Sun, second in the week, reached the Earth on July 15, 2012 with a geomagnetic storm of G1–G2 level. A X1.8-class flare was recorded on October 24, 2012. There has been major solar flare activity in early 2013, notably within a 48-hour period starting on May 12, 2013, a total of four X-class solar flares were emitted ranging from an X1.2 and upwards of an X3.2, the latter of which was one of the largest year 2013 flares. Departing sunspot complex AR2035-AR2046 erupted on April 25, 2014 at 0032 UT, producing a strong X1.3-class solar flare and an HF communications blackout on the dayside of Earth. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded a flash of extreme ultraviolet radiation from the explosion.

text: Other large solar flares also occurred on April 2, 2001 (X20), October 28, 2003 (X17.2 and 10), September 7, 2005 (X17), February 17, 2011 (X2), August 9, 2011 (X6.9), March 7, 2012 (X5.4), July 6, 2012 (X1.1). On July 6, 2012, a solar storm hit just after midnight UK time, when an X1.1 solar flare fired out of the AR1515 sunspot. Another X1.4 solar flare from AR 1520 region of the Sun, second in the week, reached the Earth on July 15, 2012 with a

text: geomagnetic storm

text: of G1–G2 level. A X1.8-class flare was recorded on October 24, 2012. There has been major solar flare activity in early 2013, notably within a 48-hour period starting on May 12, 2013, a total of four X-class solar flares were emitted ranging from an X1.2 and upwards of an X3.2, the latter of which was one of the largest year 2013 flares. Departing sunspot complex AR2035-AR2046 erupted on April 25, 2014 at 0032 UT, producing a strong X1.3-class solar flare and an HF communications blackout on the dayside of Earth. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded a flash of extreme ultraviolet radiation from the explosion.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: dayside

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: UT

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: UT

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sunspot.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: July 6, 2012

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: AR1515

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: dayside

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: April 2, 2001

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: April 2, 2001

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: midnight UK time,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Other large solar flares

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September 7, 2005

text: In the northern hemisphere tropical regions of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, surface winds blow predominantly from the northeast year round, with westward-flowing ocean currents underneath. The Indian Ocean differs from the Atlantic and Pacific in that a continental landmass forms a complete northern boundary at relatively low latitudes. Monsoonal circulations are driven by the differences in temperature between land masses and adjacent oceans. Because water has a larger thermal capacity than air, land surfaces will heat more rapidly during the summer season.  The Indian monsoon consists of two phases.  During the northern hemisphere winter, the cool Asian landmass contains a broad area of high pressure, whereas lower pressures prevail over the warmer Indian ocean and hot Australian continent.  This pressure pattern helps to reinforce the northeasterly trade winds.  During the northern hemisphere summer, the Asian landmass (especially the Indian subcontinent) heats considerably, generating an area of low pressure to the north.  Circulation about this low generates strong winds from the southwest over the Arabian Sea and along the Somali coast.  These winds are enhanced by the formation of an atmospheric western boundary current created by the high terrain over eastern Africa.

text: In the northern hemisphere tropical regions of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, surface winds blow predominantly from the northeast year round, with westward-flowing ocean currents underneath. The Indian Ocean differs from the Atlantic and Pacific in that a continental landmass forms a complete northern boundary at relatively low latitudes. Monsoonal circulations are driven by the differences in temperature between land masses and adjacent oceans. Because water has a larger thermal capacity than air, land surfaces will heat more rapidly during the summer season.  The Indian monsoon consists of two phases.  During the northern hemisphere winter, the cool Asian landmass contains a broad area of high pressure, whereas lower pressures prevail over the warmer Indian ocean and hot Australian continent.  This pressure pattern helps to reinforce the northeasterly trade winds.  During the northern hemisphere summer, the Asian landmass (especially the Indian subcontinent) heats considerably, generating an area of low pressure to the north.  Circulation about this low generates strong winds from the southwest over the Arabian Sea and along the Somali coast.  These winds are enhanced by the formation of an atmospheric western boundary current created by the high terrain over eastern Africa.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: differences in temperature between land masses and adjacent oceans

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: lower pressures prevail over the warmer Indian ocean

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: differences in temperature between land masses and adjacent oceans.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Monsoonal

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: land surfaces will heat more rapidly during the summer season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The Indian Ocean

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the cool Asian landmass contains a broad area of high pressure,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: surface winds blow predominantly from the northeast year round,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: surface winds blow predominantly from the northeast

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: In the northern hemisphere

text: In Rivendell, the loa began on the spring equinox and was divided into six "months" or seasons, as follows.

text: In

text: Rivendell

text: , the loa began on the

text: spring equinox

text: and was divided into six "months" or seasons, as follows.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the loa began on the spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the oceans

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is divided into six seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: the spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the loa began on the spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Rivendell,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring equinox

text: (Note. The term aseasonal refers to the lack in the tropical zone of large differences in daylight hours and mean monthly (or daily) temperature throughout the year. Annual cyclic changes occur in the tropics, but not as predictably as those in the temperate zone, albeit unrelated to temperature, but to water availability whether as rain, mist, soil, or ground water. Plant response (e. g., phenology), animal (feeding, migration, reproduction, etc.), and human activities (plant sowing, harvesting, hunting, fishing, etc.) are tuned to this 'seasonality'. Indeed, in tropical South America and Central America, the 'rainy season' (and the 'high water season') is called invierno or inverno, though it could occur in the Northern Hemisphere summer; likewise, the 'dry season' (and 'low water season') is called verano or verão, and can occur in the Northern Hemisphere winter).

text: (Note. The term

text: aseasonal

text: refers to the lack in the tropical zone of large differences in daylight hours and mean monthly (or daily) temperature throughout the year. Annual cyclic changes occur in the tropics, but not as predictably as those in the temperate zone, albeit unrelated to temperature, but to water availability whether as rain, mist, soil, or ground water. Plant response (e. g.,

text: phenology

text: ), animal (feeding, migration, reproduction, etc.), and human activities (plant sowing, harvesting, hunting, fishing, etc.) are tuned to this 'seasonality'. Indeed, in tropical South America and Central America, the 'rainy season' (and the 'high water season') is called

text: invierno

text: or inverno, though it could occur in the Northern Hemisphere summer; likewise, the 'dry season' (and 'low water season') is called

text: verano

text: or verão, and can occur in the Northern Hemisphere winter).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: water availability

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: verano or ver o

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: large differences in daylight hours and mean monthly (or daily) temperature

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: verano

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: water availability

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: verano

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: invierno

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: aseasonal

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the 'dry season'

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: large differences in daylight hours

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: aseasonal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: invierno or inverno,

text: The show's seasons had very different tones. While the original TV movies and the second season were mostly science fiction drama with plenty of dark comedy, the "Fire and Water" season took a more serious tone, while the show's final season — set on Earth in the year 2000 — took many turns into pure farce and introduced magic (as in the episode A Midsummer's Nightmare) and other new elements.

text: The show's seasons had very different tones. While the original TV movies and the second season were mostly science fiction drama with plenty of dark comedy, the "Fire and Water" season took a more serious tone, while the show's final season — set on Earth in the year 2000 — took many turns into pure farce and introduced magic (as in the episode A Midsummer's Nightmare) and other new elements.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: science fiction drama with plenty of dark comedy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth in the year 2000

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth in the year 2000

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Midsummer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: science fiction drama with plenty of dark comedy,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Midsummer's Nightmare)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: science fiction drama with plenty of dark comedy,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Water"

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2000

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: set on Earth in the year 2000

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2000

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2000

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: science fiction drama with plenty of dark comedy,

text: Neglecting atmospheric refraction and the Sun's non-zero size, whenever and wherever sunset occurs, it is always in the northwest quadrant from the March equinox to the September equinox, and in the southwest quadrant from the September equinox to the March equinox. Sunsets occur almost exactly due west on the equinoxes for all viewers on Earth. Exact calculations of the azimuths of sunset on other dates are complex, but they can be estimated with reasonable accuracy by using the analemma.

text: Neglecting atmospheric refraction and the Sun's non-zero size, whenever and wherever sunset occurs, it is always in the northwest quadrant from the

text: March equinox

text: to the

text: September equinox

text: , and in the southwest quadrant from the September equinox to the March equinox. Sunsets occur almost exactly due west on the equinoxes for all viewers on Earth. Exact calculations of the

text: azimuth

text: s of sunset on other dates are complex, but they can be estimated with reasonable accuracy by using the

text: analemma

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Neglecting atmospheric refraction

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northwest quadrant

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sunsets occur almost exactly due west

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: sunsets occur almost exactly due west

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: atmospheric refraction and the Sun's non-zero size,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: azimuths

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: March equinox to the September equinox,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Sunsets occur almost exactly due west on the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northwest quadrant

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Sunsets occur almost exactly due west on the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Sunsets occur almost exactly due west

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the Sun's non-zero size,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September equinox,

text: The equinoctial Earth Day is celebrated on the March equinox (around March 20) to mark the precise moment of astronomical spring in the Northern Hemisphere, and of astronomical autumn in the Southern Hemisphere. An equinox in astronomy is that point in time (not a whole day) when the Sun is directly above the Earth's equator, occurring around March 20 and September 23 each year. In most cultures, the equinoxes and solstices are considered to start or separate the seasons.

text: The equinoctial Earth Day is celebrated on the

text: March equinox

text: (around March 20) to mark the precise moment of astronomical

text: spring

text: in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , and of astronomical

text: autumn

text: in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: . An

text: equinox

text: in astronomy is that point in time (not a whole day) when the Sun is directly above the Earth's equator, occurring around March 20 and September 23 each year. In most cultures, the

text: equinox

text: es and

text: solstice

text: s are considered to start or separate the

text: season

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun is directly above the Earth's equator

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March 20

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Sun is directly above the Earth's equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: An equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the equinoxes and solstices

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: An equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Sun is directly above the Earth's equator,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: when the Sun is directly above the Earth's equator,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: An equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: An equinox in astronomy

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September 23 each year.

text: Because of Earth's axial tilt (often known as the obliquity of the ecliptic), the inclination of the Sun's trajectory in the sky (as seen by an observer on Earth's surface) varies over the course of the year. For an observer at a northern latitude, when the north pole is tilted toward the Sun the day lasts longer and the Sun appears higher in the sky. This results in warmer average temperatures, as additional solar radiation reaches the surface. When the north pole is tilted away from the Sun, the reverse is true and the weather is generally cooler. Above the Arctic Circle and below the Antarctic Circle, an extreme case is reached in which there is no daylight at all for part of the year. This is called a polar night. This variation in the weather (because of the direction of the Earth's axial tilt) results in the seasons.

text: Because of Earth's

text: axial tilt

text: (often known as the obliquity of the

text: ecliptic

text: ), the inclination of the Sun's trajectory in the sky (as seen by an observer on Earth's surface) varies over the course of the year. For an observer at a northern latitude, when the north pole is tilted toward the Sun the day lasts longer and the Sun appears higher in the sky. This results in warmer average temperatures, as additional solar radiation reaches the surface. When the north pole is tilted away from the Sun, the reverse is true and the weather is generally cooler. Above the

text: Arctic Circle

text: and below the

text: Antarctic Circle

text: , an extreme case is reached in which there is no daylight at all for part of the year. This is called a

text: polar night

text: . This variation in the weather (because of the direction of the Earth's axial tilt) results in the

text: season

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the north pole

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no daylight at all for part of the year

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the day lasts longer and the Sun appears higher in the sky

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: polar night

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: variation in the weather

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: day lasts longer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: cooler.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Above the Arctic Circle and below the Antarctic Circle,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: polar night.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: day lasts longer and the Sun appears higher in the sky.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: polar night.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: when the north pole is tilted toward the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: polar night.

text: On shorter timescales (thousands of years) the shifts in the dates of equinox and perihelion will be more important. The former is caused by precession, and shifts the equinox backwards compared to the stars. But it can be ignored in the current discussion as our Gregorian calendar is constructed in such a way as to keep the vernal equinox date at 21 March (at least at sufficient accuracy for our aim here). The shift of the perihelion is forwards, about 1.7 days every century. In 1246 the perihelion occurred on 22 December, the day of the solstice, so the two contributing waves had common zero points and the equation of time curve was symmetrical: in Astronomical Algorithms Meeus gives February and November extrema of 15 m 39 s and May and July ones of 4 m 58 s. Before then the February minimum was larger than the November maximum, and the May maximum larger than the July minimum. In fact, in years before −1900 (1901 BCE) the May maximum was larger than the November maximum. In the year −2000 (2001 BCE) the May maximum was +12 minutes and a couple seconds while the November maximum was just less than 10 minutes.  The secular change is evident when one compares a current graph of the equation of time (see below) with one from 2000 years ago, e.g., one constructed from the data of Ptolemy.

text: On shorter timescales (thousands of years) the shifts in the dates of equinox and perihelion will be more important. The former is caused by

text: precession

text: , and shifts the equinox backwards compared to the stars. But it can be ignored in the current discussion as our

text: Gregorian calendar

text: is constructed in such a way as to keep the vernal equinox date at 21 March (at least at sufficient accuracy for our aim here). The shift of the perihelion is forwards, about 1.7 days every century. In 1246 the perihelion occurred on 22 December, the day of the solstice, so the two contributing waves had common zero points and the equation of time curve was symmetrical: in Astronomical Algorithms Meeus gives February and November extrema of 15 m 39 s and May and July ones of 4 m 58 s. Before then the February minimum was larger than the November maximum, and the May maximum larger than the July minimum. In fact, in years before −1900 (1901 BCE) the May maximum was larger than the November maximum. In the year −2000 (2001 BCE) the May maximum was +12 minutes and a couple seconds while the November maximum was just less than 10 minutes.  The secular change is evident when one compares a current graph of the equation of time (see below) with one from 2000 years ago, e.g., one constructed from the data of Ptolemy.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession, and shifts the equinox backwards compared to the stars

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: May and July ones

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 22 December, the day of the solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the vernal equinox date at 21 March

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: May and July

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: May and July

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 22 December,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: shifts the equinox backwards compared to the stars.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: precession,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 21 March

text: The axial tilt of Neptune is 28.32°, which is similar to the tilts of Earth (23°) and Mars (25°). As a result, this planet experiences similar seasonal changes. The long orbital period of Neptune means that the seasons last for forty Earth years. Its sidereal rotation period (day) is roughly 16.11 hours. Because its axial tilt is comparable to Earth's, the variation in the length of its day over the course of its long year is not any more extreme.

text: The axial tilt of Neptune is 28.32°, which is similar to the tilts of Earth (23°) and Mars (25°). As a result, this planet experiences similar seasonal changes. The long orbital period of Neptune means that the seasons last for forty Earth years. Its sidereal rotation period (day) is roughly 16.11 hours. Because its axial tilt is comparable to Earth's, the variation in the length of its day over the course of its long year is not any more extreme.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: axial tilt of Neptune is 28.32°

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sidereal rotation period

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Neptune experiences similar seasonal changes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: is not any more extreme

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sidereal rotation period

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sidereal

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasonal changes.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: the variation in the length of its day

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: day

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 16.11 hours.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: not any more extreme.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sidereal rotation period

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: (23°)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The axial tilt of Neptune

text: The Nebari are featured in the episodes "Durka Returns" (Season 1), "A Clockwork Nebari"  (Season 2), and "Fractures" (Season 3).  Most of the information about Nebari homeworld culture is conveyed in "A Clockwork Nebari."  The most commonly seen Nebari on the show is regular Chiana. Nebari are humanoid in form, with grey skin and black hair (in males) or white hair (in females). Their skin is also immune to solar radiation. Nebari blood is blackish-blue in colour.

text: The Nebari are featured in the episodes "

text: Durka Returns

text: " (Season 1), "

text: A Clockwork Nebari

text: "  (Season 2), and "

text: Fractures

text: " (Season 3).  Most of the information about Nebari homeworld culture is conveyed in "A Clockwork Nebari."  The most commonly seen Nebari on the show is regular

text: Chiana

text: . Nebari are humanoid in form, with grey skin and black hair (in males) or white hair (in females). Their skin is also immune to solar radiation. Nebari blood is blackish-blue in colour.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Nebari are featured in the episodes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: their skin is also immune to solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: immune to solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Clockwork

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Most of the information about Nebari homeworld culture

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: immune to solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Nebari are featured in the episodes "Durka Returns"

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: immune to solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: immune to solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Their skin is also immune to solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "Durka Returns"

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Nebari blood is blackish-blue in colour.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Nebari are featured in the episodes "Durka Returns"

text: The television series premiered on February 10, 2009. Each 45-minute episode focuses on different geologic features and processes of the Earth. The first season, spanning 13 episodes, concluded on May 5, 2009. The second season premiered on November 24, 2009. The first season of the television series was released as a four-volume Region 1 DVD box set on August 25, 2009. The second season was scheduled to be released on June 29, 2010. The Region 4, four-volume DVD set of season one was released by ABC DVD on August 1, 2010 and season two was released on November 1, 2010.

text: The television series premiered on February 10, 2009. Each 45-minute episode focuses on different

text: geologic

text: features and processes of the Earth. The first season, spanning 13 episodes, concluded on May 5, 2009. The second season premiered on November 24, 2009. The first season of the television series was released as a four-volume Region 1 DVD box set on August 25, 2009. The second season was scheduled to be released on June 29, 2010. The Region 4, four-volume DVD set of season one was released by ABC DVD on August 1, 2010 and season two was released on November 1, 2010.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Each 45-minute episode focuses on different geologic features and processes of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 24, 2009

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: May 5, 2009

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: different geologic features and processes of the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: May 5,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: May 5, 2009.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: May 5, 2009.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: geologic features and processes of the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February 10, 2009.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: May 5, 2009.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: May 5,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The first season, spanning 13 episodes, concluded on May 5, 2009.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November 24, 2009.

text: An oversimplified definition of the tropical year would be the time required for the Sun, beginning at a chosen ecliptic longitude, to make one complete cycle of the seasons and return to the same ecliptic longitude. Before considering an example, the equinox must be examined. There are two important planes in solar system calculations, the plane of the ecliptic (the Earth's orbit around the Sun), and the plane of the celestial equator (the Earth's equator projected into space). These two planes intersect in a line. This direction is given the symbol ♈ (the symbol looks like the horns of a ram because it used to be toward the constellation Aries). The opposite direction is given the symbol ♎ (because it used to be toward Libra). Because of precession and nutation these directions change, compared to the direction of distant stars and galaxies, whose directions have no measurable motion due to their great distance (see International Celestial Reference Frame).

text: An oversimplified definition of the tropical year would be the time required for the Sun, beginning at a chosen ecliptic longitude, to make one complete cycle of the seasons and return to the same ecliptic longitude. Before considering an example, the equinox must be examined. There are two important planes in solar system calculations, the plane of the ecliptic (the Earth's orbit around the Sun), and the plane of the

text: celestial equator

text: (the Earth's equator projected into space). These two planes intersect in a line. This direction is given the symbol ♈ (the symbol looks like the horns of a

text: ram

text: because it used to be toward the constellation

text: Aries

text: ). The opposite direction is given the symbol ♎ (because it used to be toward

text: Libra

text: ). Because of precession and nutation these directions change, compared to the direction of distant stars and galaxies, whose directions have no measurable motion due to their great distance (see

text: International Celestial Reference Frame

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession and nutation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical year

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Earth's equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Because of precession and nutation these directions change

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: the equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earth's axis of rotation is pointed toward polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession and nutation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical year

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: These two planes intersect in a line.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the constellation Aries).

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: An oversimplified definition of the tropical year

text: Many members of the IOC were sceptical about Melbourne as an appropriate site. Its location in the Southern Hemisphere was a major concern, since the reversal of seasons would mean the Games were held during the northern winter. This was thought likely to inconvenience athletes from the Northern Hemisphere, who were accustomed to resting during their winter.

text: Many members of the

text: IOC

text: were sceptical about Melbourne as an appropriate site. Its location in the Southern Hemisphere was a major concern, since the reversal of seasons would mean the Games were held during the northern winter. This was thought likely to inconvenience athletes from the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , who were accustomed to resting during their winter.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: reversal of seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the northern winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: reversal of seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: accustomed to resting during their winter.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: northern winter.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: reversal of seasons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Melbourne

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: northern winter.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: reversal of seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Its location in the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: reversal of seasons would mean the Games were held during the northern winter.

text: The French meteorologist Léon Teisserenc de Bort was the first in 1881 to apply this term to maxima and minima of pressure on daily charts. The main centers of action in the Northern Hemisphere are the Icelandic Low, the Aleutian Low, the Azores/Bermudea High, the Pacific High, the Siberian High (in winter), and the Asiatic Low (in summer). Sir Gilbert Walker used the same term to relate meteorological elements in a region to weather in the following season in other regions for the Southern Oscillation.

text: The French meteorologist

text: Léon Teisserenc de Bort

text: was the first in 1881 to apply this term to maxima and minima of pressure on daily charts. The main centers of action in the Northern Hemisphere are the

text: Icelandic Low

text: , the

text: Aleutian Low

text: , the

text: Azores/Bermudea High

text: , the

text: Pacific High

text: , the

text: Siberian High

text: (in winter), and the Asiatic Low (in summer). Sir

text: Gilbert Walker

text: used the same term to relate meteorological elements in a region to weather in the following season in other regions for the

text: Southern Oscillation

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Icelandic Low, the Aleutian Low, the Azores/Bermudea High, the Pacific High, the Siberian High (in winter), and the Asiatic Low (in summer)

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Siberian High

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: minima

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: meteorological elements

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Icelandic Low,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Asiatic Low

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Asiatic Low

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Siberian High

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The main centers of action in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: maxima and minima

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Asiatic Low

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The French meteorologist

text: In the Northern Hemisphere cold it is in the north - the Arctic, and the heat in the South the equator. Unlike the Southern Hemisphere where the heat is in the north, the cold is in sul_ Antarctica. The seasons also are reversed. When it is summer in the southern hemisphere, it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere. When it is autumn in the Southern Hemisphere, it is spring in the northern hemisphere, and vice versa. The I Ching mentions that we must turn to the light side, to meditate, i.e. sul in the Northern Hemisphere; which corresponds to turn north in the southern hemisphere. This is based on the position of the sun, which in the southern hemisphere rises in the east, it goes to the north and sets in the west. In the translation of the I Ching for the Portuguese it is also emphasized that one should observe the season referred to in the text and not the month in question, since the work was written in China, which fully meets in the northern hemisphere, and the months corresponding to the seasons are always different in the two hemispheres of the Earth. For example, the sign that represents the height of summer is the horse. Corresponds to heat, fire element, December, toward magnetic north, in the southern hemisphere; while the horse in the northern hemisphere corresponds to the month of June and the south.

text: In the Northern Hemisphere cold it is in the north - the Arctic, and the heat in the South the equator. Unlike the Southern Hemisphere where the heat is in the north, the cold is in sul_ Antarctica. The seasons also are reversed. When it is summer in the southern hemisphere, it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere. When it is autumn in the Southern Hemisphere, it is spring in the northern hemisphere, and vice versa. The I Ching mentions that we must turn to the light side, to meditate, i.e. sul in the Northern Hemisphere; which corresponds to turn north in the southern hemisphere. This is based on the position of the sun, which in the southern hemisphere rises in the east, it goes to the north and sets in the west. In the translation of the I Ching for the Portuguese it is also emphasized that one should observe the season referred to in the text and not the month in question, since the work was written in China, which fully meets in the northern hemisphere, and the months corresponding to the seasons are always different in the two hemispheres of the Earth. For example, the sign that represents the height of summer is the horse. Corresponds to heat, fire element, December, toward magnetic north, in the southern hemisphere; while the horse in the northern hemisphere corresponds to the month of June and the south.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The I Ching mentions that we must turn to the light side, to meditate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasons are always different in the two hemispheres of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sul

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: based on the position of the sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: we must turn to the light side,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equator.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the heat in the South the equator.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The seasons also are reversed.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn

text: During the Northern Hemisphere winter when the earth’s tilt was directed away from the sun, this circulation reversed as the area of maximum solar insolation shifted toward the Southern Hemisphere. Air then traveled from Laurasia (region of high pressure), across the Tethys Ocean to Gondwana (region of low pressure). Moisture advection toward the Southern Hemisphere would have fueled heavy precipitation along the Gondwana coasts, while Laurasia remained very dry.

text: During the Northern Hemisphere

text: winter

text: when the earth’s tilt was directed away from the sun, this circulation reversed as the area of maximum solar insolation shifted toward the Southern Hemisphere. Air then traveled from Laurasia (region of high pressure), across the Tethys Ocean to Gondwana (region of low pressure). Moisture

text: advection

text: toward the Southern Hemisphere would have fueled heavy precipitation along the Gondwana coasts, while Laurasia remained very dry.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth’s tilt was directed away from the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: when the earth’s tilt was directed away from the sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the earth’s tilt was directed away from the sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the earth’s tilt was directed away from the sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Laurasia

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the earth’s tilt was directed away from the sun,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the earth’s tilt was directed away from the sun,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: away from the sun,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: During the Northern Hemisphere

text: Most populations of the common tern are strongly migratory, wintering south of their temperate and subarctic Northern Hemisphere breeding ranges. First summer birds usually remain in their wintering quarters, although a few return to breeding colonies some time after the arrival of the adults. In North America, the common tern breeds along the Atlantic coast from Labrador to North Carolina, and inland throughout much of Canada east of the Rocky Mountains. In the United States, some breeding populations can also be found in the states bordering the Great Lakes, and locally on the Gulf coast. There are small, only partially migratory, colonies in the Caribbean; these are in The Bahamas and Cuba, and off Venezuela in the Los Roques and Las Aves archipelagos.

text: Most populations of the common tern are strongly migratory, wintering south of their temperate and subarctic Northern Hemisphere breeding ranges. First summer birds usually remain in their wintering quarters, although a few return to breeding colonies some time after the arrival of the adults. In North America, the common tern breeds along the Atlantic coast from

text: Labrador

text: to

text: North Carolina

text: , and inland throughout much of Canada east of the

text: Rocky Mountains

text: . In the United States, some breeding populations can also be found in the states bordering the

text: Great Lakes

text: , and locally on the

text: Gulf

text: coast. There are small, only partially migratory, colonies in the

text: Caribbean

text: ; these are in The Bahamas and Cuba, and off Venezuela in the

text: Los Roques

text: and

text: Las Aves archipelago

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: common tern are strongly migratory

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: wintering

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Rocky Mountains

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: first summer birds usually remain in their wintering quarters

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: temperate and subarctic Northern Hemisphere breeding ranges.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer birds usually remain in their wintering quarters,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: temperate

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer birds usually remain in their wintering quarters,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: First summer birds usually remain in their wintering quarters,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Most populations of the common tern are strongly migratory,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer birds usually remain in their wintering quarters,

text: An eclipse involving the Sun, Earth, and Moon can occur only when they are nearly in a straight line, allowing one to be hidden behind another, viewed from the third. Because the orbital plane of the Moon is tilted with respect to the orbital plane of the Earth (the ecliptic), eclipses can occur only when the Moon is close to the intersection of these two planes (the nodes). The Sun, Earth and nodes are aligned twice a year (during an eclipse season), and eclipses can occur during a period of about two months around these times. There can be from four to seven eclipses in a calendar year, which repeat according to various eclipse cycles, such as a saros.

text: An eclipse involving the Sun, Earth, and Moon can occur only when they are nearly in a straight line, allowing one to be hidden behind another, viewed from the third. Because the

text: orbital plane of the Moon

text: is tilted with respect to the orbital plane of the Earth (the

text: ecliptic

text: ), eclipses can occur only when the Moon is close to the intersection of these two planes (the

text: node

text: s). The Sun, Earth and nodes are aligned twice a year (during an

text: eclipse season

text: ), and eclipses can occur during a period of about two months around these times. There can be from four to seven eclipses in a calendar year, which repeat according to various

text: eclipse cycle

text: s, such as a

text: saros

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Because the orbital plane of the Moon is tilted with respect to the orbital plane of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: nodes

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: nodes are aligned twice a year

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Sun, Earth and nodes are aligned twice a year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: during an eclipse season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Sun, Earth and nodes are aligned twice a year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: eclipse season),

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: twice a year

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: nodes

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Sun, Earth and nodes are aligned twice a year

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Sun, Earth and nodes are aligned twice a year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: (during an eclipse season),

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Sun, Earth and nodes are aligned twice a year

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: twice a year

text: Gamble spent the 2002 off-season with the Calgary Stampeders of the CFL and was released by the team on June 15, 2002. He played for the Peoria Pirates of the af2 in 2002. He played in eight games for the Ottawa Renegades of the CFL during the 2002 season. Gamble was signed by the Sioux City Bandits of the National Indoor Football League on March 22, 2004 and played for the team during the 2004 season. He has also played in the LCFL. He was the sixth cut on Michael Irvin's reality show 4th and Long.

text: Gamble spent the 2002 off-season with the

text: Calgary Stampeders

text: of the CFL and was released by the team on June 15, 2002. He played for the

text: Peoria Pirates

text: of the

text: in 2002. He played in eight games for the

text: Ottawa Renegades

text: of the CFL during the

text: 2002 season

text: . Gamble was signed by the

text: Sioux City Bandits

text: of the

text: National Indoor Football League

text: on March 22, 2004 and played for the team during the 2004 season. He has also played in the LCFL. He was the sixth cut on

text: Michael Irvin

text: 's reality show

text: 4th and Long

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: played for the team during the 2004 season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: off-season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: af2

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Gamble spent the 2002 off-season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Peoria Pirates of the af2

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Calgary

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: June 15, 2002.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: June 15, 2002.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 4th and Long.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Gamble spent the 2002 off-season with the Calgary Stampeders

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: June 15, 2002.

text: Across the sea lies Filene, the Island of Children. The people of Simlane send their finest champions there every one hundredth equinox. The children of those who succeed in conquering it return on vessels borne by the last wave of the equinox. At the base of the island lies a harbour with a lighthouse – it is from there that the children of each new generation set sail. At the top of a mighty mountain lies the Dome of Imaginary Revelations, where each champion must undergo a spiritual test, and the Palace of the Supreme Mother of Filene. Inside the palace are apartments for the prospective champions and rooms for the successful ones to live out the rest of their lives there following the production of the children.

text: Across the sea lies Filene, the Island of Children. The people of Simlane send their finest champions there every one hundredth equinox. The children of those who succeed in conquering it return on vessels borne by the last wave of the equinox. At the base of the island lies a harbour with a lighthouse – it is from there that the children of each new generation set sail. At the top of a mighty mountain lies the Dome of Imaginary Revelations, where each champion must undergo a spiritual test, and the Palace of the Supreme Mother of Filene. Inside the palace are apartments for the prospective champions and rooms for the successful ones to live out the rest of their lives there following the production of the children.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: every one hundredth equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: a mighty mountain

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: one hundredth equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is from there that the children of each new generation set sail

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinox.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: one hundredth equinox.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: mountain

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: every one hundredth equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: last wave of the equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Dome of Imaginary Revelations,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: one hundredth equinox.

text: Eclipse seasons are the only times during a year eclipses can occur, due to the inclination of the Moon's orbit. Each season lasts for approximately 34 days and repeats just short of six months, thus there are always two full eclipse seasons each year. Two to three eclipses always occur each eclipse season. During the season the inclination of the Moon is low, hence the Sun, Moon and Earth become close enough in alignment (syzygy) for an eclipse to occur.

text: Eclipse seasons are the only times during a year

text: eclipse

text: s can occur, due to the

text: inclination

text: of the Moon's orbit. Each season lasts for approximately 34 days and repeats just short of six months, thus there are always two full eclipse seasons each year. Two to three eclipses always occur each eclipse season. During the season the inclination of the Moon is low, hence the Sun, Moon and Earth become close enough in alignment (

text: syzygy

text: ) for an eclipse to occur.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the inclination of the Moon's orbit

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: eclipses can occur

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: there are always two full eclipse seasons each year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Syzygy

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: due to the inclination of the Moon's orbit.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (syzygy)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Eclipse seasons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: two full eclipse seasons each year.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Eclipse seasons

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Eclipse seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: two full eclipse seasons each year.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: (syzygy)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Eclipse seasons

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Eclipse seasons

text: Lloyd signed with the Edmonton Eskimos on February 16, 2009. After two seasons with the Eskimos, Lloyd was released on March 14, 2011. He was not picked up by a CFL team during the 2011 season.

text: Lloyd signed with the

text: Edmonton Eskimos

text: on February 16, 2009. After two seasons with the Eskimos, Lloyd was released on March 14, 2011. He was not picked up by a CFL team during the 2011 season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Lloyd signed with the Edmonton Eskimos

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: two seasons with the Eskimos, Lloyd was released on March 14, 2011.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: February 16, 2009.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2009.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Edmonton

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Edmonton Eskimos on February 16, 2009.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February 16, 2009.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: February 16, 2009.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: February 16, 2009.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2011.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March 14, 2011.

text: The series is produced by 8-Bit and directed by Yusuke Yamamoto with character designs by Yuusuke Matsuo. The twelve episode first season consists of 5-minute-long episodes and aired between January 3 and March 21, 2013 on Tokyo MX and later by SUN-TV, AT-X and KBS along with online streaming by Niconico. The second season consists of 15-minute-long episodes and aired on Tokyo MX between July 9, 2014 and December 24, 2014 followed by later airings on KBS, SDT, BS11 and AT-X along with online streaming on Niconico. The series was also obtained by Crunchyroll which streamed both seasons as a simulcast with English subtitles. Earth Star Entertainment released the complete season in Japan on a single Blu-ray and DVD volume on May 14, 2013. The set also included an unaired 13th OVA episode. Bonus episodes were included with the 2nd and 7th Blu-ray and DVD volumes of the second season, released on October 24, 2014 and March 27, 2015 respectively.

text: The series is produced by

text: and directed by Yusuke Yamamoto with character designs by Yuusuke Matsuo. The twelve episode first season consists of 5-minute-long episodes and aired between January 3 and March 21, 2013 on

text: Tokyo MX

text: and later by

text: SUN-TV

text: AT-X

text: and

text: KBS

text: along with online streaming by

text: Niconico

text: . The second season consists of 15-minute-long episodes and aired on Tokyo MX between July 9, 2014 and December 24, 2014 followed by later airings on KBS,

text: SDT

text: and AT-X along with online streaming on Niconico. The series was also obtained by

text: Crunchyroll

text: which streamed both seasons as a simulcast with English subtitles. Earth Star Entertainment released the complete season in Japan on a single

text: Blu-ray

text: and

text: DVD

text: volume on May 14, 2013. The set also included an unaired 13th

text: OVA

text: episode. Bonus episodes were included with the 2nd and 7th Blu-ray and DVD volumes of the second season, released on October 24, 2014 and March 27, 2015 respectively.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The series was also obtained by Crunchyroll

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Tokyo

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 24, 2014

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: January 3 and March 21, 2013

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a simulcast with English subtitles.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: July 9, 2014 and December 24, 2014

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Tokyo

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Tokyo MX

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 3 and March 21, 2013

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: October 24, 2014 and March 27, 2015

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March 21, 2013

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Yusuke Yamamoto

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: October 24, 2014 and March 27, 2015

text: Secondly, the position of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun at the solstices, equinoxes, or other time defined relative to the seasons, slowly changes. For example, suppose that the Earth's orbital position is marked at the summer solstice, when the Earth's axial tilt is pointing directly toward the Sun. One full orbit later, when the Sun has returned to the same apparent position relative to the background stars, the Earth's axial tilt is not now directly toward the Sun: because of the effects of precession, it is a little way "beyond" this. In other words, the solstice occurred a little earlier in the orbit. Thus, the tropical year, measuring the cycle of seasons (for example, the time from solstice to solstice, or equinox to equinox), is about 20 minutes shorter than the sidereal year, which is measured by the Sun's apparent position relative to the stars. After about 26 000 years the difference amounts to a full year, so the positions of the seasons relative to the orbit are "back where they started". (Other effects also slowly change the shape and orientation of the Earth's orbit, and these, in combination with precession, create various cycles of differing periods; see also Milankovitch cycles. The magnitude of the Earth's tilt, as opposed to merely its orientation, also changes slowly over time, but this effect is not attributed directly to precession.)

text: Secondly, the position of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun at the

text: solstice

text: s,

text: equinox

text: es, or other time defined relative to the seasons, slowly changes. For example, suppose that the Earth's orbital position is marked at the summer solstice, when the Earth's

text: axial tilt

text: is pointing directly toward the Sun. One full orbit later, when the Sun has returned to the same apparent position relative to the background stars, the Earth's axial tilt is not now directly toward the Sun: because of the effects of precession, it is a little way "beyond" this. In other words, the solstice occurred a little earlier in the orbit. Thus, the

text: tropical year

text: , measuring the cycle of seasons (for example, the time from solstice to solstice, or equinox to equinox), is about 20 minutes shorter than the

text: sidereal year

text: , which is measured by the Sun's apparent position relative to the stars. After about 26 000 years the difference amounts to a full year, so the positions of the seasons relative to the orbit are "back where they started". (Other effects also slowly change the shape and orientation of the Earth's orbit, and these, in combination with precession, create various cycles of differing periods; see also

text: Milankovitch cycles

text: . The magnitude of the Earth's tilt, as opposed to merely its orientation, also changes slowly over time, but this effect is not attributed directly to precession.)

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's axial tilt is not now directly toward the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical year

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: one full orbit later, when the Sun has returned to the same apparent position relative to the background stars, the Earth's axial tilt is not now directly toward the Sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: position of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the position of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical year,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sidereal year,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Earth's axial tilt is pointing directly toward the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: slowly changes.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the Earth's axial tilt is pointing directly toward the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer solstice,

text: Theologian Stanley E. Porter has pointed out that Massey's analogies include a number of errors. For example, Massey stated that 25 December as the date of birth of Jesus was selected based on the birth of Horus, but the New Testament does not include any reference to the date or season of the birth of Jesus. The earliest known source recognizing 25 December as the date of birth of Jesus is by Hippolytus of Rome, written around the beginning of the 3rd century, based on the assumption that the conception of Jesus took place at the Spring equinox. Hippolytus placed the equinox on 25 March and then added 9 months to get 25 December, thus establishing the date for festivals. The Roman Chronography of 354 then included an early reference to the celebration of a Nativity feast in December, as of the fourth century. Porter states that Massey's serious historical errors often render his works nonsensical. For example, Massey states that the biblical references to Herod the Great were based on the myth of "Herrut" the evil hydra serpent, while the existence of Herod the Great can be well established without reliance on Christian sources.

text: Theologian

text: Stanley E. Porter

text: has pointed out that Massey's analogies include a number of errors. For example, Massey stated that 25 December as the date of birth of Jesus was selected based on the birth of Horus, but the New Testament does not include any reference to the date or season of the birth of Jesus. The earliest known source recognizing 25 December as the date of birth of Jesus is by

text: Hippolytus of Rome

text: , written around the beginning of the 3rd century, based on the assumption that the

text: conception of Jesus

text: took place at the

text: Spring equinox

text: . Hippolytus placed the equinox on 25 March and then added 9 months to get 25 December, thus establishing the date for festivals. The Roman

text: Chronography of 354

text: then included an early reference to the celebration of a Nativity feast in December, as of the fourth century. Porter states that Massey's serious historical errors often render his works nonsensical. For example, Massey states that the biblical references to

text: Herod the Great

text: were based on the myth of "Herrut" the evil

text: hydra

text: serpent

text: , while the existence of Herod the Great can be well established without reliance on Christian sources.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: based on the assumption that the conception of Jesus took place at the Spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 25 March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 25 March

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: assumption that the conception of Jesus took place at the Spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 25 March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 25 March

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 25 March

text: Celestial coordinate systems most commonly used in astronomy are equatorial coordinates and ecliptic coordinates.  These are defined relative to the (moving) vernal equinox position, which itself is determined by the orientations of the Earth's rotation axis and orbit around the Sun. Their orientations vary (though slowly, e.g. due to precession), and there is an infinity of such coordinate systems possible.  Thus the coordinate systems most used in astronomy need their own date-reference because the coordinate systems of that type are themselves in motion, e.g. by the precession of the equinoxes, nowadays often resolved into precessional components, separate precessions of the equator and of the ecliptic.

text: Celestial coordinate system

text: s most commonly used in astronomy are

text: equatorial coordinates

text: and

text: ecliptic coordinates

text: .  These are defined relative to the (moving)

text: vernal equinox

text: position, which itself is determined by the orientations of the

text: Earth

text: 's rotation axis and orbit around the

text: Sun

text: . Their orientations vary (though slowly, e.g. due to

text: precession

text: ), and there is an

text: infinity

text: of such coordinate systems possible.  Thus the coordinate systems most used in astronomy need their own date-reference because the coordinate systems of that type are themselves in motion, e.g. by the

text: precession of the equinoxes

text: , nowadays often resolved into precessional components, separate precessions of the equator and of the ecliptic.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Earth's rotation axis and orbit around the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation axis and orbit around the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (moving)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: equatorial coordinates and ecliptic coordinates.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox

text: Dorado would return to the ring in January, teaming with Claudio Castagnoli and Ophidian to defeat Mike Quackenbush, Tim Donst and Amasis in a Trios Increibles match. During the match, Dorado utilized a more grounded style of wrestling instead of his usual high flying style. Dorado then entered the King of Trios tournament, where he rejoined El Pantera and aligned with luchador Incognito to form Los Luchadores de Mexico. The team would go on to win the tournament, lastly defeating The BLKOUT (Eddie Kingston, Ruckus and Joker) after Dorado made Kingston submit with the Chikara Special. Following the tournament, Kingston was not seen for a couple of months afterwards. When Kingston returned, he immediately targeted Dorado and defeated him several times but was repeatedly unsuccessful in keeping him down, driving Kingston into to the point of total insanity. Aside from his feud with Kingston, Dorado joined former enemy Jimmy Olsen (who, at the time, began competing as both himself and as the second Equinox) and Helios to form The Future is Now in order to feud with The UnStable (Vin Gerard (the first Equinox), STIGMA and Colin Delaney). In late 2008, Olsen (as Equinox) and Dorado won the first-ever La Lotería Letal and were thus granted the three points required to compete for the Campeonatos de Parejas. Olsen (as Equinox) and Dorado, challenged the champions The Osirian Portal at Chikara's "Armdrags to Riches" event on November 16, 2008 in a two out of three falls match. Although Dorado gained the first pinfall, the Portal ultimately retained the title after pinning Dorado and then Equinox. On November 22, 2009, at the season eight finale Three-Fisted Tales Dorado challenged Player Dos for the Young Lions Cup, but was defeated after Dos German suplexed him on the ring steps. After the match Dorado was carried backstage by Equinox and Helios in a scene reminiscent of the events of two years prior.

text: Dorado would return to the ring in January, teaming with

text: Claudio Castagnoli

text: and

text: Ophidian

text: to defeat Mike Quackenbush, Tim Donst and

text: Amasis

text: in a Trios Increibles match. During the match, Dorado utilized a more grounded style of wrestling instead of his usual high flying style. Dorado then entered the King of Trios tournament, where he rejoined El Pantera and aligned with luchador Incognito to form Los Luchadores de Mexico. The team would go on to win the tournament, lastly defeating

text: The BLKOUT

text: Eddie Kingston

text: Ruckus

text: and

text: Joker

text: ) after Dorado made Kingston submit with the Chikara Special. Following the tournament, Kingston was not seen for a couple of months afterwards. When Kingston returned, he immediately targeted Dorado and defeated him several times but was repeatedly unsuccessful in keeping him down, driving Kingston into to the point of total insanity. Aside from his feud with Kingston, Dorado joined former enemy

text: Jimmy Olsen

text: (who, at the time, began competing as both himself and as the second Equinox) and

text: Helios

text: to form The Future is Now in order to feud with The UnStable (

text: Vin Gerard

text: (the first Equinox), STIGMA and

text: Colin Delaney

text: ). In late 2008, Olsen (as Equinox) and Dorado won the first-ever

text: La Lotería Letal

text: and were thus granted the three points required to compete for the

text: Campeonatos de Parejas

text: . Olsen (as Equinox) and Dorado, challenged the champions

text: The Osirian Portal

text: at Chikara's "Armdrags to Riches" event on November 16, 2008 in a

text: two out of three falls match

text: . Although Dorado gained the first

text: pinfall

text: , the Portal ultimately retained the title after pinning Dorado and then Equinox. On November 22, 2009, at the season eight finale Three-Fisted Tales Dorado challenged

text: Player Dos

text: for the

text: Young Lions Cup

text: , but was defeated after Dos

text: German suplexed

text: him on the ring steps. After the match Dorado was carried backstage by Equinox and Helios in a scene reminiscent of the events of two years prior.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: season eight finale Three-Fisted Tales

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Olsen (as Equinox) and Dorado,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Yves Dorado

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Yes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: When is the vernal equinox?

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to feud with The UnStable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: La Loter<unk>a Letal

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Olsen (as Equinox) and Dorado

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Campeonatos de Parejas.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The UnStable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Olsen

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: began competing as both himself and as the second Equinox)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Dorado won the first-ever La Loter<unk>a Letal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The UnStable

text: The Summer Triangle is an astronomical asterism involving an imaginary triangle drawn on the northern hemisphere's celestial sphere, with its defining vertices at Altair, Deneb, and Vega, the brightest stars in the three constellations of Aquila, Cygnus, and Lyra, respectively.

text: The Summer Triangle is an astronomical

text: asterism

text: involving an imaginary triangle drawn on the northern hemisphere's

text: celestial sphere

text: , with its defining vertices at

text: Altair

text: Deneb

text: , and

text: Vega

text: , the brightest stars in the three constellations of

text: Aquila

text: Cygnus

text: , and

text: Lyra

text: , respectively.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Summer Triangle is visible

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical asterism

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere's

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: defining vertices

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Summer Triangle

text: The Trax is positioned below the mid-size Chevrolet Equinox and Chevrolet Captiva (depending on country) in the current Chevrolet line-up. In Europe, some dealers started branding it as a "compact SUV". However, in Canada, where the Chevrolet Orlando is positioned as "mid-size CUV" and the Equinox is the "compact CUV", the Trax is branded as "mini SUV/CUV" instead.

text: The Trax is positioned below the

text: mid-size

text: Chevrolet Equinox

text: and

text: Chevrolet Captiva

text: (depending on country) in the current Chevrolet line-up. In Europe, some dealers started branding it as a "compact SUV". However, in Canada, where the

text: Chevrolet Orlando

text: is positioned as "mid-size CUV" and the Equinox is the "compact CUV", the Trax is branded as "mini SUV/CUV" instead.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: In Europe, some dealers started branding it as a "compact SUV"

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: mid-size

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: (depending on country)

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "mini SUV/CUV"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: mid-size Chevrolet Equinox and Chevrolet Captiva

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Canada,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Trax

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: mid-size Chevrolet Equinox and Chevrolet Captiva

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: "compact CUV",

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: mid-size Chevrolet Equinox and Chevrolet Captiva

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: mid-size Chevrolet Equinox and Chevrolet Captiva

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: mid-size Chevrolet Equinox and Chevrolet Captiva

text: November is the eleventh and penultimate month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars and the fourth and last month to have the length of 30 days.  November was the ninth month of the ancient Roman calendar. November retained its name (from the Latin novem meaning "nine") when January and February were added to the Roman calendar.November is a month of late-spring in the Southern Hemisphere and late-autumn in the Northern Hemisphere. Therefore, November in the Southern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of May in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa. In Ancient Rome, Ludi Plebeii was held from November 4–17, Epulum Jovis was held on November 13, and Brumalia celebrations began on November 24. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar.

text: November is the eleventh and penultimate

text: month

text: of the

text: year

text: in the

text: Julian

text: and

text: Gregorian Calendar

text: s and the fourth and last month to have the length of 30

text: day

text: s.  November was the ninth month of the ancient Roman calendar. November retained its name (from the Latin novem meaning "

text: nine

text: ") when

text: January

text: and

text: February

text: were added to the

text: Roman calendar

text: .November is a month of late-

text: spring

text: in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: and late-

text: autumn

text: in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: . Therefore, November in the Southern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of

text: May

text: in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa. In

text: Ancient Rome

text: Ludi Plebeii

text: was held from November 4–17,

text: Epulum Jovis

text: was held on November 13, and

text: Brumalia

text: celebrations began on November 24. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: November in the Southern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of May in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: late-autumn

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: is the seasonal equivalent of May in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: calendar.November is a month of late-spring

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: late-autumn

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: late-spring

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: late-autumn

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: late-autumn in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: late-spring

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: November

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November

text: In addition to seasonal cycles in solar radiation (more in summer, less in winter), major factors affecting temperatures in Oregon include the moderating influence of the Pacific Ocean combined with variations in surface elevation, especially the Cascade Range. In general, temperatures on Earth drop by about 4 °F (2 °C) per each  increase in elevation. Throughout the year, high elevations across the state tend to be cooler than low elevations. In addition, the Cascades, running north–south from border to border, generally retain relatively warm Pacific air masses on the western side of the state and relatively cool continental air masses on the eastern side. This prevailing pattern breaks down occasionally when dense cold air flows down the Columbia Gorge into the Willamette Valley and lowers temperatures more than usual from Portland to Eugene.

text: In addition to seasonal cycles in solar radiation (more in summer, less in winter), major factors affecting temperatures in Oregon include the moderating influence of the Pacific Ocean combined with variations in surface elevation, especially the Cascade Range. In general, temperatures on Earth drop by about 4 °F (2 °C) per each  increase in elevation. Throughout the year, high elevations across the state tend to be cooler than low elevations. In addition, the Cascades, running north–south from border to border, generally retain relatively warm Pacific air masses on the western side of the state and relatively cool continental air masses on the eastern side. This prevailing pattern breaks down occasionally when dense cold air flows down the

text: Columbia Gorge

text: into the Willamette Valley and lowers temperatures more than usual from Portland to Eugene.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal cycles in solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: less in winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: more in summer, less in winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal cycles in solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasonal cycles in solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: high elevations across the state tend to be cooler than low elevations.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: (more in summer, less

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (more in summer, less in winter),

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: seasonal cycles in solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 4 °F

text: Tropical rainforests are located around and near the equator, therefore having what is called an equatorial climate characterized by three major climatic parameters: temperature, rainfall, and dry season intensity. Other parameters that affect tropical rainforests are carbon dioxide concentrations, solar radiation, and nitrogen availability. In general, climatic patterns consist of warm temperatures and high annual rainfall. However, the abundance of rainfall changes throughout the year creating distinct moist and dry seasons. Tropical forests are  classified by the amount of rainfall received each year, which has allowed ecologists to define differences in these forests that look so similar in structure.  According to Holdridge’s classification of tropical ecosystems, true tropical rainforests have an annual rainfall greater than 800 cm and annual temperature greater than 24 degrees Celsius.  However, most lowland tropical forests can be classified as tropical moist or wet forests, which differ in regards to rainfall. Tropical forest ecology- dynamics, composition, and function- are sensitive to changes in climate especially changes in rainfall. The climate of these forests is controlled by a band of clouds called the Intertropical Convergence Zone located near the equator and created by the convergence of the trade winds from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The position of the band varies seasonally, moving north in the northern summer and south in the northern winter, and ultimately controlling the wet and dry seasons in the tropics.These regions have experienced strong warming at a mean rate of 0.26 degrees Celsius per decade which coincides with a global rise in temperature resulting from the anthropocentric inputs of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Studies have also found that precipitation has declined and tropical Asia has experienced an increase in dry season intensity whereas Amazonian has no significant pattern change in precipitation or dry season. Additionally, El Niño-Southern Oscillation events drive the inter-annual climatic variability in temperature and precipitation and result in drought and increased intensity of the dry season. As anthropogenic warming increases the intensity and frequency of ENSO will increase, rendering tropical rainforest regions susceptible to stress and increased mortality of trees and plants .

text: Tropical rainforests are located around and near the equator, therefore having what is called an equatorial climate characterized by three major climatic parameters: temperature, rainfall, and dry season intensity. Other parameters that affect tropical rainforests are carbon dioxide concentrations, solar radiation, and nitrogen availability. In general, climatic patterns consist of warm temperatures and high annual rainfall. However, the abundance of rainfall changes throughout the year creating distinct moist and dry seasons. Tropical forests are

text: classified

text: by the amount of rainfall received each year, which has allowed ecologists to define differences in these forests that look so similar in structure.  According to Holdridge’s classification of tropical ecosystems, true tropical rainforests have an annual rainfall greater than 800 cm and annual temperature greater than 24 degrees Celsius.  However, most lowland tropical forests can be classified as tropical moist or wet forests, which differ in regards to rainfall. Tropical forest ecology- dynamics, composition, and function- are sensitive to changes in climate especially changes in rainfall. The climate of these forests is controlled by a band of clouds called the

text: Intertropical Convergence Zone

text: located near the equator and created by the convergence of the trade winds from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The position of the band varies seasonally, moving north in the northern summer and south in the northern winter, and ultimately controlling the wet and dry seasons in the tropics.These regions have experienced strong warming at a mean rate of 0.26 degrees Celsius per decade which coincides with a global rise in temperature resulting from the anthropocentric inputs of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Studies have also found that precipitation has declined and tropical Asia has experienced an increase in dry season intensity whereas Amazonian has no significant pattern change in precipitation or dry season. Additionally,

text: El Niño-Southern Oscillation

text: events drive the inter-annual climatic variability in temperature and precipitation and result in drought and increased intensity of the dry season. As anthropogenic warming increases the intensity and frequency of ENSO will increase, rendering tropical rainforest regions susceptible to stress and increased mortality of trees and plants .

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the abundance of rainfall changes throughout the year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: north in the northern winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: equatorial climate

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the abundance of rainfall changes throughout the year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Convergence Zone

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The position of the band

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Amazonian

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ence Zone

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: south

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Intertropical Convergence Zone

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: ence Zone

text: Knowlton was traded on April 29, 2008 from BC Lions to the Hamilton Tiger-Cats along with kicker Ara Tchobanian in exchange for the 9th overall selection in the 2008 CFL Draft. In both the 2008 and 2009 CFL seasons Knowlton amassed more than 90 tackles. For the 2010 CFL season, he was award the CFL's Most Outstanding Defensive Player Award after recording 71 tackles, three sacks, three interceptions, and six fumble recoveries. His 2011 CFL season was not as productive statistically as his previous 3 seasons, totaling only 64 tackles. Injury slowed his production in the 2012 CFL season, only playing in 7 of the 18 regular season games. Following a Week 4 blowout in the 2013 CFL season Knowlton was released by the Tiger-Cats.

text: Knowlton was traded on April 29, 2008 from

text: BC Lions

text: to the

text: Hamilton Tiger-Cats

text: along with kicker Ara Tchobanian in exchange for the 9th overall selection in the

text: 2008 CFL Draft

text: . In both the

text: and

text: 2009 CFL season

text: s Knowlton amassed more than 90 tackles. For the

text: 2010 CFL season

text: , he was award the

entity_name: CFL's Most Outstanding Defensive Player Award

text: CFL's Most Outstanding Defensive Player Award

text: after recording 71 tackles, three sacks, three interceptions, and six fumble recoveries. His 2011 CFL season was not as productive statistically as his previous 3 seasons, totaling only 64 tackles. Injury slowed his production in the

text: 2012 CFL season

text: , only playing in 7 of the 18 regular season games. Following a Week 4 blowout in the

text: 2013 CFL season

text: Knowlton was released by the Tiger-Cats.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Knowlton amassed more than 90 tackles

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Injury

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 9th overall selection in the 2008 CFL Draft.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2008

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Hamilton Tiger-Cats

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 71 tackles, three sacks, three interceptions,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: April 29, 2008

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: April 29, 2008

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2008

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 9th overall selection in the 2008 CFL Draft.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: April 29, 2008

text: New Windsor has a Dfa Köppen climate classification (Humid Continental: Hot Summer subtype).  It is situated in the temperate region of the northern hemisphere and has four distinct seasons.

text: New Windsor has a

text: Dfa

text: Köppen climate classification

text: (Humid Continental: Hot Summer subtype).  It is situated in the temperate region of the northern hemisphere and has four distinct

text: seasons

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate classification

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: New Windsor has four distinct seasons.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: has four distinct seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: temperate region of the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Hot Summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: four distinct seasons.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: four distinct seasons.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: four distinct seasons.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: four distinct seasons.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: four distinct seasons.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: four distinct seasons.

text: The early stories present Valérian as a typical square-jawed hero figure, who is strong and dependable (although an early running joke was that despite being a time-traveller he is always running late, especially when summoned by his boss). However, as the series progresses, he is increasingly portrayed as somewhat knuckle-headed. In World Without Stars (Le Pays sans étoile), he gets recklessly drunk on the colonists' home-made booze, in On the False Earths (Sur les terres truquées), the historian, Jadna, views him as useful only as cannon fodder and nothing else while in Heroes of the Equinox (Les Héros de l'Equinoxe), he comes across as woefully inadequate compared with the champions he is competing against. Although devoted to Laureline, he has been led astray by other women, such as in Heroes of the Equinox and Brooklyn Station, Terminus Cosmos.

text: The early stories present Valérian as a typical square-jawed

text: hero

text: figure, who is strong and dependable (although an early running joke was that despite being a time-traveller he is always running late, especially when summoned by his boss). However, as the series progresses, he is increasingly portrayed as somewhat knuckle-headed. In

text: World Without Stars

text: (Le Pays sans étoile), he gets recklessly drunk on the colonists' home-made booze, in

text: On the False Earths

text: (Sur les terres truquées), the historian, Jadna, views him as useful only as cannon fodder and nothing else while in

text: Heroes of the Equinox

text: (Les Héros de l'Equinoxe), he comes across as woefully inadequate compared with the champions he is competing against. Although devoted to Laureline, he has been led astray by other women, such as in Heroes of the Equinox and

text: Brooklyn Station, Terminus Cosmos

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: an early running joke was that despite being a time-traveller

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Heroes of the Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: he comes across as woefully inadequate

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: he is increasingly portrayed as somewhat knuckle-headed.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Heroes of the Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Brooklyn Station,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Brooklyn Station,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Heroes of the Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: he comes across as woefully inadequate

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Heroes of the Equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Heroes of the Equinox

text: The A.V. Club's Noel Murray graded the episode with an A-, explaining that though he did not want to give a full review until the season finale aired, he was "enjoying how Fringe third season is wrapping up", such as "the cross-cutting between Earth-1 and Earth-2, and the sense of imminent doom." Murray continued that he "especially liked... that in the midst of all this end-times rush, it pauses periodically to check in with the various characters in short one-on-one scenes, strengthening our sense of what these relationships mean. (It's something that Fringe has gotten good at in the past year-and-a-half, and something I wouldn't have predicted for the show back in season one.)" Writing for the Los Angeles Times, critic Andrew Hanson noted Fringe is preparing for the finale, calling "6:02 AM EST" a "movement episode [that] give[s] an opportunity to get everyone into place for the big climax" in a vein similar to the television series Lost. Hanson enjoyed the two "sleights of hand", explaining he was surprised by Fauxlivia's universe-crossing device failing and what happened to Peter after touching the machine.

text: The A.V. Club

text: 's Noel Murray graded the episode with an A-, explaining that though he did not want to give a full review until the

text: season finale aired

text: , he was "enjoying how Fringe third season is wrapping up", such as "the cross-cutting between Earth-1 and Earth-2, and the sense of imminent doom." Murray continued that he "especially liked... that in the midst of all this end-times rush, it pauses periodically to check in with the various characters in short one-on-one scenes, strengthening our sense of what these relationships mean. (It's something that Fringe has gotten good at in the past year-and-a-half, and something I wouldn't have predicted for the show back in

text: season one

text: .)" Writing for the

text: Los Angeles Times

text: , critic Andrew Hanson noted Fringe is preparing for the finale, calling "6:02 AM EST" a "movement episode [that] give[s] an opportunity to get everyone into place for the big climax" in a vein similar to the television series

text: Lost

text: . Hanson enjoyed the two "sleights of hand", explaining he was surprised by Fauxlivia's universe-crossing device failing and what happened to Peter after touching the machine.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: he did not want to give a full review until the season finale aired

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-1

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth-1

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: "6:02 AM EST" a "movement episode

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 6:02 AM

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: an opportunity to get everyone into place for the big climax"

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "6:02 AM EST"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A-,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-2,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: "6:02 AM EST"

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: "the cross-cutting between Earth-1 and Earth-2,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "6:02 AM EST"

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth-1 and Earth-2,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: A-,

text: Holiday IllumiNations played during the holiday season instead of the regular show. Starting in 2004, the "Let There Be Peace on Earth" segment of Holiday IllumiNations is played after IllumiNations: Reflections of Earth during the holiday season.

text: Holiday IllumiNations played during the holiday season instead of the regular show. Starting in 2004, the "Let There Be Peace on Earth" segment of Holiday IllumiNations is played after IllumiNations: Reflections of Earth during the holiday season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: instead of the regular show

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: holiday season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Reflections of Earth

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Holiday IllumiNations played during the holiday season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth"

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Holiday IllumiNations played during the holiday season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Holiday IllumiNations played during the holiday season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: holiday season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Holiday IllumiNations

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Holiday IllumiNations

text: As already mentioned, there is some choice in the length of the tropical year depending on the point of reference that one selects. But during the period when return of the Sun to a chosen longitude was the method in use by astronomers, one of the equinoxes was usually chosen because it was easier to detect when it occurred. When tropical year measurements from several successive years are compared, variations are found which are due to nutation, and to the planetary perturbations acting on the Sun. Meeus and Savoie (1992, p. 41) provided the following examples of intervals between northward equinoxes:

text: As already mentioned, there is some choice in the length of the tropical year depending on the point of reference that one selects. But during the period when return of the Sun to a chosen longitude was the method in use by astronomers, one of the equinoxes was usually chosen because it was easier to detect when it occurred. When tropical year measurements from several successive years are compared, variations are found which are due to

text: nutation

text: , and to the planetary

text: perturbations

text: acting on the Sun. Meeus and Savoie (1992, p. 41) provided the following examples of intervals between northward equinoxes:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: planetary perturbations acting on the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: easier to detect when it occurred

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: nutation, and to the planetary perturbations acting on the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: northward equinoxes:

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: northward equinoxes:

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was easier to detect when it occurred.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: one of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: one of the equinoxes

text: If a planet is radically tilted,  seasons will be extreme and make it more difficult for a biosphere to achieve homeostasis. The axial tilt of the Earth is higher now (in the Quaternary) than it has been in the past, coinciding with reduced polar ice, warmer temperatures and less seasonal variation.  Scientists do not know whether this trend will continue indefinitely with further increases in axial tilt (see Snowball Earth).

text: If a planet is radically tilted,  seasons will be extreme and make it more difficult for a

text: biosphere

text: to achieve

text: homeostasis

text: . The axial tilt of the Earth is higher now (in the

text: Quaternary

text: ) than it has been in the past, coinciding with reduced polar

text: ice

text: , warmer temperatures and less seasonal variation.  Scientists do not know whether this trend will continue indefinitely with further increases in axial tilt (see

text: Snowball Earth

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: If a planet is radically tilted

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar ice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: polar ice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: less seasonal variation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: axis

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: If a planet is radically tilted,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Snowball Earth).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: If a planet is radically tilted,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Snowball Earth).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar ice,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: warmer temperatures

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: less seasonal variation.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: If a planet is radically tilted,

text: Ultimately, the Renegades never returned. They would not be replaced until the formation of the Ottawa Redblacks, who began play for the 2014 CFL season.

text: Ultimately, the Renegades never returned. They would not be replaced until the formation of the

text: Ottawa Redblacks

text: , who began play for the

text: 2014 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: formation of the Ottawa Redblacks

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Ultimately, the Renegades never returned.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2014 CFL season.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2014 CFL season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Ottawa

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Ottawa Redblacks,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2014 CFL season.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Ultimately, the Renegades never returned.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2014 CFL season.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Ottawa Redblacks,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2014

text: Almost all of the energy available to the Earth's surface and atmosphere comes from the sun in the form of solar radiation (light from the sun, including invisible ultraviolet and infrared light).  Variations in the amount of solar radiation reaching different parts of the Earth are a principal driver of global and regional climate.  Averaged over a year, latitude is the most important factor determining the amount of solar radiation reaching the top of the atmosphere; the incident solar radiation decreases smoothly from the Equator to the poles.  This variation leads to the most obvious observation of regional climate: temperature tends to decrease with increasing latitude.

text: Almost all of the energy available to the Earth's surface and atmosphere comes from the sun in the form of

text: solar radiation

text: (light from the sun, including invisible ultraviolet and infrared light).  Variations in the amount of solar radiation reaching different parts of the Earth are a principal driver of global and regional climate.  Averaged over a year,

text: latitude

text: is the most important factor determining the amount of solar radiation reaching the top of the atmosphere; the incident solar radiation decreases smoothly from the Equator to the poles.  This variation leads to the most obvious observation of regional climate: temperature tends to decrease with increasing latitude.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Variations in the amount of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: temperature tends to decrease with increasing latitude

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: temperature tends to decrease with increasing latitude

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equator

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Variations in the amount of solar radiation reaching different parts of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: the incident solar radiation decreases smoothly from the Equator to the poles.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: temperature tends to decrease with increasing latitude.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equator to the poles.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: latitude

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: temperature

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the incident solar radiation decreases smoothly from the Equator to the poles.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equator

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the incident solar radiation decreases smoothly from the Equator to the poles.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Almost all of the energy available to the Earth's

text: Northern hemisphere farmers who keep cows in barns almost all the year usually manage their herds to give continuous production of milk so that they get paid all year round. In the southern hemisphere the cooperative dairying systems allow for two months on no productivity because their systems are designed to take advantage of maximum grass and milk production in the spring and because the milk processing plants pay bonuses in the dry (winter) season to carry the farmers through the mid-winter break from milking. It also means that cows have a rest from milk production when they are most heavily pregnant. Some year-round milk farms are penalised financially for over-production at any time in the year by being unable to sell their overproduction at current prices.

text: Northern hemisphere farmers who keep cows in barns almost all the year usually manage their herds to give continuous production of milk so that they get paid all year round. In the southern hemisphere the

text: cooperative

text: dairying systems allow for two months on no productivity because their systems are designed to take advantage of maximum grass and milk production in the spring and because the milk processing plants pay bonuses in the dry (winter) season to carry the farmers through the mid-winter break from milking. It also means that cows have a rest from milk production when they are most heavily pregnant. Some year-round milk farms are penalised financially for over-production at any time in the year by being unable to sell their overproduction at current prices.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a rest from milk production when they are most heavily pregnant

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the southern hemisphere the cooperative dairying systems allow for two months on no productivity

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: take advantage of maximum grass and milk production in the spring

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (winter) season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: mid-winter break from milking.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: maximum grass and milk production in the spring

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: all year round.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: all year round.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring

text: There are 25 different Montenegrin clubs which played in Second League of SFR Yugoslavia, FR Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro, in the period from 1947 to 2006. In the second tier of national football championship played FK Sutjeska (30 seasons), FK Lovćen (27 seasons), FK Mladost (24 seasons), FK Budućnost (21 seasons), FK Jedinstvo Bijelo Polje (18 seasons), FK Bokelj (15 seasons), FK Mogren (12 seasons), FK Berane (10 seasons), FK Čelik (9 seasons), FK Rudar (9 seasons), FK Iskra (8 seasons), FK Mornar (6 seasons), OFK Petrovac (6 seasons), OFK Grbalj (4 seasons), FK Ibar (4 seasons), FK Zabjelo (4 seasons), FK Arsenal (3 seasons), FK Jedinstvo Herceg Novi (3 seasons), FK Kom (3 seasons), FK Dečić (2 seasons) and FK Zeta (2 seasons). One season in Second League played OFK Igalo, FK Jezero, FK Radnički Nikšić and FK Zora.

text: There are 25 different Montenegrin clubs which played in Second League of SFR Yugoslavia, FR Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro, in the period from 1947 to 2006. In the second tier of national football championship played

text: FK Sutjeska

text: (30 seasons),

text: FK Lovćen

text: (27 seasons),

text: FK Mladost

text: (24 seasons),

text: FK Budućnost

text: (21 seasons),

text: FK Jedinstvo Bijelo Polje

text: (18 seasons),

text: FK Bokelj

text: (15 seasons),

text: FK Mogren

text: (12 seasons),

text: FK Berane

text: (10 seasons),

text: FK Čelik

text: (9 seasons),

text: FK Rudar

text: (9 seasons),

text: FK Iskra

text: (8 seasons),

text: FK Mornar

text: (6 seasons),

text: OFK Petrovac

text: (6 seasons),

text: OFK Grbalj

text: (4 seasons),

text: FK Ibar

text: (4 seasons),

text: FK Zabjelo

text: (4 seasons),

text: FK Arsenal

text: (3 seasons),

text: FK Jedinstvo Herceg Novi

text: (3 seasons),

text: FK Kom

text: (3 seasons),

text: FK Dečić

text: (2 seasons) and

text: FK Zeta

text: (2 seasons). One season in Second League played

text: OFK Igalo

text: FK Jezero

text: FK Radnički Nikšić

text: and

text: FK Zora

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the second tier

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: elik

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: In the second tier of national football championship

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Bijelo Polje

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Jedinstvo Bijelo Polje

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: <unk>elik

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Bijelo Polje

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: FK Jedinstvo Bijelo Polje

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 25

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2006.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Jedinstvo Bijelo Polje

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2006.

text: Several solutions have been proposed to explain the calm weather on Uranus. One proposed explanation for this dearth of cloud features is that Uranus's internal heat appears markedly lower than that of the other giant planets; in astronomical terms, it has a low internal thermal flux. Why Uranus's heat flux is so low is still not understood. Neptune, which is Uranus's near twin in size and composition, radiates 2.61 times as much energy into space as it receives from the Sun. Uranus, by contrast, radiates hardly any excess heat at all. The total power radiated by Uranus in the far infrared (i.e. heat) part of the spectrum is  times the solar energy absorbed in its atmosphere. In fact, Uranus's heat flux is only  W/m², which is lower than the internal heat flux of Earth of about 0.075 W/m². The lowest temperature recorded in Uranus's tropopause is 49 K (−224 °C), making Uranus the coldest planet in the Solar System, colder than Neptune.

text: Several solutions have been proposed to explain the calm weather on Uranus. One proposed explanation for this dearth of cloud features is that Uranus's

text: internal heat

text: appears markedly lower than that of the other giant planets; in astronomical terms, it has a low internal

text: thermal flux

text: . Why Uranus's heat flux is so low is still not understood.

text: Neptune

text: , which is Uranus's near twin in size and composition, radiates 2.61 times as much energy into space as it receives from the Sun. Uranus, by contrast, radiates hardly any excess heat at all. The total power radiated by Uranus in the

text: far infrared

text: (i.e.

text: heat

text: ) part of the spectrum is  times the solar energy absorbed in its

text: atmosphere

text: . In fact, Uranus's heat flux is only  W/m², which is lower than the internal heat flux of Earth of about 0.075 W/m². The lowest temperature recorded in Uranus's tropopause is 49 K (−224 °C), making Uranus the coldest planet in the Solar System, colder than

text: Neptune

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 0.075 W/m2

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Uranus's low internal thermal flux

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the lowest temperature recorded in Uranus's tropopause is 49 K

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: tropopause

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Why Uranus's heat flux is so low is still not understood.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: tropopause

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Several solutions have been proposed to explain the calm weather on Uranus.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Neptune,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 0.075 W/m2.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 49 K (<unk>224 °C),

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Several solutions have been proposed to explain the calm weather on Uranus.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: tropopause

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 0.075 W/m2.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Several solutions have been proposed to explain the calm weather on Uranus.

text: In "The Fate of Equinox!", it is revealed that the Lords of Chaos and Order gave him the magics of both light and dark when he was a baby and taught him, in order to allow balance, so that neither side could become more powerful. However, the pressure was too great and he snapped, going insane and believing he could do a better job without following his masters and followed a sense of balance that made sense only to his fractured psyche. When he failed to stop the Earth from rotating in order to make one half of the world bright and hot and the other half of the world dark and cold as his eternal example of perfect balance, he was killed but this merely released his spirit, allowing him to absorb the power of his old masters, making him all powerful. He tries to destroy and remake the universe in his own image using this great power. Batman, with the combined powers of Doctor Fate, Aquaman, Black Canary, Black Lightning, Blue Beetle, Fire, Flash I, Green Arrow, Green Lantern, Plastic Man, and Red Tornado bonded with him (causing Plastic Man to dub him Bat Monolith), fought Equinox. At one point it seemed the Bat Monolith had the upper hand putting Equinox on the defensive, but Equinox appeared to regain the upper hand. Bat Monolith found a way to defeat him when he made Equinox realize he was not in perfect balance because he hated his old masters, the magic of Chaos and Order inside him caused Equinox to begin to crack. Bat Monolith took the opportunity and punched Equinox into the energy he was preparing to destroy the universe with, destroying Equinox forever, or so it seemed.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Lords of Chaos and Order gave him the magics

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: bright and hot

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: dark and cold

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox was killed

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: he snapped, going insane

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: in order to allow balance, so that neither side could become more powerful.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: bright and hot and the other half of the world dark and cold

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: destroying Equinox forever,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox.

text: Winter is the coldest season of the year in polar and temperate climates, between autumn and spring. Winter is caused by the axis of the Earth in that hemisphere being oriented away from the Sun. Different cultures define different dates as the start of winter, and some use a definition based on weather.  When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere, and vice versa. In many regions, winter is associated with snow and freezing temperatures. The moment of winter solstice is when the sun's elevation with respect to the North or South Pole is at its most negative value (that is, the sun is at its farthest below the horizon as measured from the pole), meaning this day will have the shortest day and the longest night. The earliest sunset and latest sunrise dates outside the polar regions differ from the date of the winter solstice, however, and these depend on latitude, due to the variation in the solar day throughout the year caused by the Earth's elliptical orbit (see earliest and latest sunrise and sunset).

text: Winter is the coldest

text: season

text: of the year in

text: polar

text: and

text: temperate climate

text: s, between

text: autumn

text: and

text: spring

text: . Winter is caused by the axis of the Earth in that hemisphere being oriented away from the

text: Sun

text: . Different cultures define different dates as the start of winter, and some use a definition based on weather.  When it is winter in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , it is

text: summer

text: in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , and vice versa. In many regions, winter is associated with

text: snow

text: and

text: freezing

text: temperatures. The moment of

text: winter solstice

text: is when the sun's elevation with respect to the North or South Pole is at its most negative value (that is, the sun is at its farthest below the horizon as measured from the pole), meaning this day will have the shortest day and the longest night. The earliest sunset and latest sunrise dates outside the polar regions differ from the date of the winter solstice, however, and these depend on latitude, due to the variation in the solar day throughout the year caused by the Earth's elliptical orbit (see

text: earliest and latest sunrise and sunset

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: axis of the Earth in that hemisphere being oriented away from the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: this day will have the shortest day and the longest night

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this day will have the shortest day and the longest night

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: oriented away from the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: shortest day and the longest night.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: these depend on latitude,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: away from the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter solstice

text: Because of its relative proximity, some—in particular, Edward Sion, astronomer & astrophysicist at Villanova University, and his team therefrom—contend that a type 1a supernova could have a significant impact on Earth. The received gamma radiation would equal the total (all spectra) radiation of approximately 1,000 solar flares, but the type Ia supernova would have to be closer than  to cause significant damage to the ozone layer, and perhaps closer than 500 parsecs. The X-radiation that reaches Earth in such an event, however, would be less than the X-radiation of a single average solar flare.

text: Because of its relative proximity, some—in particular, Edward Sion, astronomer & astrophysicist at

text: Villanova University

text: , and his team therefrom—contend that a type 1a supernova could have a significant impact on Earth. The received

text: gamma radiation

text: would equal the total (all spectra) radiation of approximately 1,000 solar flares, but the type Ia supernova would have to be closer than  to cause significant damage to the

text: ozone layer

text: , and perhaps closer than 500 parsecs. The

text: X-radiation

text: that reaches Earth in such an event, however, would be less than the X-radiation of a single average solar flare.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ozone layer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: proximity,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: type 1a supernova

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Because of its relative proximity,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1,000 solar flares,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ozone layer,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1,000 solar flares,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: relative proximity,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1,000 solar flares,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: type 1a supernova could have a significant impact on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Because of its relative proximity,

text: Ultraviolet radiation from the Sun breaks water molecules apart, reducing the amount of water available to form noctilucent clouds. The radiation is known to vary cyclically with the solar cycle and satellites have been tracking the decrease in brightness of the clouds with the increase of ultraviolet radiation for the last two solar cycles. It has been found that changes in the clouds follow changes in the intensity of ultraviolet rays by about a year, but the reason for this long lag is not yet known.

text: Ultraviolet radiation

text: from the Sun breaks water molecules apart, reducing the amount of water available to form noctilucent clouds. The radiation is known to vary cyclically with the

text: solar cycle

text: and satellites have been tracking the decrease in brightness of the clouds with the increase of ultraviolet radiation for the last two solar cycles. It has been found that changes in the clouds follow changes in the intensity of ultraviolet rays by about a year, but the reason for this long lag is not yet known.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: not yet known

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: noctilucent clouds

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: long lag

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: not yet known.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: noctilucent

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: noctilucent clouds.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: about a year,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: clouds follow changes in the intensity of ultraviolet rays

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: noctilucent clouds.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The radiation is known to vary cyclically with the solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: noctilucent clouds.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Ultraviolet radiation from the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: a year, but the reason for this long lag is not yet known.

text: Atlantis is cut off from Earth for most of the first season, and must face an impending Wraith attack alone. In the season 1 finale , Earth reestablishes contact with Atlantis using a ZPM recovered from Egypt (detailed in the SG-1 episode ), and sends supplies and reinforcements. The Earth ship Daedalus subsequently brings the ZPM to Atlantis in , but Atlantis only survives the Wraith attack by pretending to destroy the city while instead rendering it invisible. Keeping the continued existence of Atlantis secret from the Wraith thus becomes a top priority in the following seasons. The Daedalus, newly fitted with an intergalactic hyperdrive, then provides a regular link between Atlantis and Earth.

text: Atlantis is cut off from Earth for most of the first season, and must face an impending Wraith attack alone. In the season 1 finale , Earth reestablishes contact with Atlantis using a ZPM recovered from Egypt (detailed in the SG-1 episode ), and sends supplies and reinforcements. The Earth ship Daedalus subsequently brings the ZPM to Atlantis in , but Atlantis only survives the Wraith attack by pretending to destroy the city while instead rendering it invisible. Keeping the continued existence of Atlantis secret from the Wraith thus becomes a top priority in the following seasons. The Daedalus, newly fitted with an intergalactic hyperdrive, then provides a regular link between Atlantis and Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Keeping the continued existence of Atlantis secret from the Wraith thus becomes a top priority

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Atlantis

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Atlantis is cut off from Earth for most of the first season, and must face an impending Wraith attack alone

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Keeping the continued existence of Atlantis secret from the Wraith

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: invisible.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Atlantis

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Atlantis

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Atlantis

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Atlantis is cut off from Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Atlantis is cut off from Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: ZPM

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth reestablishes contact with Atlantis

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Atlantis

text: Deutsch takes examples from Greek mythology. He describes how very specific, and even somewhat falsifiable theories were provided to explain how the gods' sadness caused the seasons. Alternatively, Deutsch points out, one could have just as easily explained the seasons as resulting from the gods' happiness - making it a bad explanation, because it is so easy to arbitrarily change details. Without Deutsch's criterion, the 'Greek gods explanation' could have just kept adding justifications. This same criterion, of being "hard to vary", may be what makes the modern explanation for the seasons a good one: none of the details - about the earth rotating around the sun at a certain angle in a certain orbit - can be easily modified without changing the theory's coherence.

text: Deutsch takes examples from

text: Greek mythology

text: . He describes how very specific, and even somewhat falsifiable theories were provided to explain how

text: the gods'

text: sadness caused the seasons. Alternatively, Deutsch points out, one could have just as easily explained the seasons as resulting from the gods' happiness - making it a bad explanation, because it is so easy to arbitrarily change details. Without Deutsch's criterion, the 'Greek gods explanation' could have just kept adding justifications. This same criterion, of being "hard to vary", may be what makes the modern explanation for the

text: seasons

text: a good one: none of the details - about the earth rotating around the sun at a certain angle in a certain orbit - can be easily modified without changing the theory's coherence.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the gods' sadness

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: can be easily modified without changing the theory's coherence

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the gods' sadness

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasons.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: happiness

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: seasons.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seasons.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: earth rotating around the sun at a certain angle in a certain orbit

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Deutsch takes examples from Greek mythology.

text: In the Northern hemisphere, summer smog builds up mainly between April and October. It causes reduced visibility in cities and a visible layer, similar to fog. It also causes a health hazard to people and pollutes the troposphere's air.

text: In the Northern hemisphere, summer smog builds up mainly between April and October. It causes reduced visibility in cities and a visible layer, similar to

text: fog

text: . It also causes a

text: health

text: hazard to people and pollutes the

text: troposphere

text: 's air.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is between April and October

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: summer smog builds up mainly between April and October.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer smog

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer smog builds up mainly between April and October.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer smog builds up mainly between April and October.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer smog builds up mainly between April and October.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer smog builds up mainly between April and October.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: summer smog builds up mainly between April and October.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer smog builds up mainly between April and October.

text: The ʻAuʻau Channel is one of the most protected areas of ocean in the Hawaiian Islands, lying between Lānaʻi and Maui. The channel is also protected by Molokaʻi to the north, and Kahoʻolawe to the south. The depth of the channel reaches 108 feet (33 m), and its width is 8.8 miles (14.2 km). ʻAuʻau channel is a whale-watching center in the Hawaiian Islands. Humpback whales migrate approximately 3,500 miles (5600 km) from Alaskan waters each autumn and spend the northern hemisphere winter months in the protected waters of the channel.

text: The ʻAuʻau Channel is one of the most protected areas of ocean in the Hawaiian Islands, lying between

text: Lānaʻi

text: and Maui. The channel is also protected by

text: Molokaʻi

text: to the north, and Kahoʻolawe to the south. The depth of the channel reaches 108 feet (33 m), and its width is 8.8 miles (14.2 km). ʻAuʻau channel is a whale-watching center in the Hawaiian Islands.

text: Humpback whale

text: s migrate approximately 3,500 miles (5600 km) from

text: Alaskan waters

text: each autumn and spend the northern hemisphere winter months in the protected waters of the channel.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Humpback whales migrate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the northern hemisphere winter months

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: night

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Humpback whales migrate approximately 3,500 miles (5600 km)

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Au<unk>au Channel

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Humpback whales

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Humpback whales

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter months

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Humpback whales

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Humpback whales

text: The first season is mostly set in Republic City, the capital of the United Republic of Nations, a multicultural state that emerged from the Fire Nation colonies in the Earth Kingdom after the end of The Last Airbender. The residents of the metropolis, described as "if Manhattan had happened in Asia" by the series' creators, are united by their passion for "pro-bending", a spectator sport in which two teams composed of an earthbender, waterbender, and firebender throw each other out of a ring using bending techniques. The second season is mostly set in the southern polar region, while the third and fourth seasons take place mostly in the Earth Kingdom and, to a lesser degree, in Republic City.

text: The first season is mostly set in Republic City, the capital of the United Republic of Nations, a multicultural state that emerged from the Fire Nation colonies in the Earth Kingdom after the end of The Last Airbender. The residents of the metropolis, described as "if

text: Manhattan

text: had happened in Asia" by the series' creators, are united by their passion for "pro-bending", a spectator sport in which two teams composed of an earthbender, waterbender, and firebender throw each other out of a ring using bending techniques. The second season is mostly set in the southern polar region, while the third and fourth seasons take place mostly in the Earth Kingdom and, to a lesser degree, in Republic City.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the series' creators, are united by their passion for "pro-bending"

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern polar region

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The southern polar region

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth Kingdom

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth Kingdom

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: their passion for "pro-bending",

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: southern polar region,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: southern polar region,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern polar region,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern polar region,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: southern polar region,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: southern polar region,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "pro-bending",

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar region,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The first season is mostly set in Republic City,

text: The leading theme of this book sounds even more prophetic: i.e. using solar radiations to push a spaceship into the void. The feasibility of this intuition would be explored by scientists only in the 90's, half a century later. He called his project right after his name "Gussalli System 1946". The spacecraft looked very much like an airplane fuselage, with a large disc attached to the forward end with vents which could be opened and closed to modulate thrust. As an alternative, Gussalli proposed a large metallic sail, corresponding to the modern concept of a solar sail. But actually in Gussalli's spacecraft, the thrust was not supplied by direct solar pressure 'blowing' the spaceship through space, as is envisaged in contemporary studies on a 'solar sail'. In Gussalli idea, thrust was to be obtained by means of microscopic particles (he called them 'nebular strings') shot into space by another rocket; those particles, boosted by the sun's radiations, would create a 'solar wind' strong enough to propel the spacecraft by striking its sail. The project was rejected as unfeasible by the British Interplanetary Society due to the impossibility of providing the required thrust, as well as by the USA NACA, that pointed out the difficulty of calculating (a) the right size of an efficient sail, (b) the exact amount of the 'dust' to be shot into space, and (c) the dispersion ratio of the particles.In the same work, Gussalli suggested another innovative method to slow down spaceships on their way back to Earth: the aero-braking, widely used later on in aeronautics and astronautics, well after his time. Such ideas, even allowing for inevitable mistakes and imprecision in a still computer-less age, show beyond any doubt that he had a 360 degree vision of the matter, anticipating in many ways future discoveries and applications.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiations

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: What is the difference between summer and winter?

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the 90's

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar wind'

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: a'solar wind'

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: a'solar wind' strong enough to propel the spacecraft

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: solar radiations to push a spaceship into the void.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: a large metallic sail,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 'solar wind'

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: create a'solar wind'

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: a'solar wind'

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 'dust'

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: large metallic sail,

text: Flu vaccinations have been used to diminish the effects of the flu season; pneumonia vaccinations additionally diminishes the effects and complications of flu season. Since the Northern and Southern Hemisphere have winter at different times of the year, there are actually two flu seasons each year. Therefore, the World Health Organization (assisted by the National Influenza Centers) makes two vaccine formulations every year; one for the Northern, and one for the Southern Hemisphere.

text: Flu vaccinations have been used to diminish the effects of the flu season;

text: pneumonia vaccinations

text: additionally diminishes the effects and complications of flu season. Since the

text: Northern

text: and

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: have winter at different times of the year, there are actually two flu seasons each year. Therefore, the

text: World Health Organization

text: (assisted by the

text: National Influenza Centers

text: ) makes two

text: vaccine

text: formulations every year; one for the Northern, and one for the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Northern and Southern Hemisphere have winter at different times of the year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Northern, and one for the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: different times of the year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Northern and Southern Hemisphere have winter at different times of the year,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern and Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: different times of the year,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: two flu seasons each year.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter

text: Relatively small changes in the orientation of the Earth's axis or length of the seasons can be a major influence on the Earth's climate. An example are the ice ages of the past 2.6 million years (the Quaternary period), which are assumed to have been caused by astronomic cycles. Climate change can influence the global sea level (and thus the amount of accommodation space in sedimentary basins) and sediment supply from a certain region. Eventually, small changes in astronomic parameters can cause large changes in sedimentary environment and sedimentation.

text: Relatively small changes in the orientation of the Earth's axis or length of the seasons can be a major influence on the Earth's climate. An example are the

text: ice ages of the past 2.6 million years

text: (the

text: Quaternary

text: period

text: ), which are assumed to have been caused by astronomic cycles. Climate change can influence the global sea level (and thus the amount of accommodation space in sedimentary basins) and sediment supply from a certain region. Eventually, small changes in astronomic parameters can cause large changes in sedimentary environment and sedimentation.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomic cycles

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: long nights

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: global sea level

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: long of the seasons can be a major influence on the Earth's climate

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: can be a major influence on the Earth's climate

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomic cycles.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: ice ages

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: length of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: ice ages of the past 2.6 million years

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: global sea level

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: length of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: small changes in the orientation of the Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Earth's axis

text: America One held CFL broadcast rights in the United States from 2001 to 2009 and aired a majority of the league's games. Until the 2007 season, America One syndicated CFL games to regional sports networks like Altitude, NESN, and MASN; these were discontinued in 2008, mainly because America One and the CFL were able to reach a deal only days before the season began, not allowing the network time to establish agreements with individual RSNs. The Grey Cup aired on Versus on November 22, 2008, with a replay the next day on America One. From 2006 through the 2008 season, Friday Night Football was carried exclusively on World Sport HD in the United States; however, due to the January 2009 shutdown of that channel's parent company, Voom HD Networks, America One reclaimed those rights.

text: America One

text: held CFL broadcast rights in the United States from 2001 to 2009 and aired a majority of the league's games. Until the

text: 2007 season

text: , America One syndicated CFL games to

text: regional sports network

text: s like

text: Altitude

text: NESN

text: , and

text: MASN

text: ; these were discontinued in

text: , mainly because America One and the CFL were able to reach a deal only days before the season began, not allowing the network time to establish agreements with individual RSNs. The Grey Cup aired on

text: Versus

text: on November 22, 2008, with a replay the next day on America One. From 2006 through the 2008 season, Friday Night Football was carried exclusively on

text: World Sport HD

text: in the United States; however, due to the January 2009 shutdown of that channel's parent company,

text: Voom HD Networks

text: , America One reclaimed those rights.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: America One held CFL broadcast rights in the United States from 2001 to 2009

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 22, 2008

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Friday

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: not allowing the network time to establish agreements with individual RSNs.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Friday Night Football was carried exclusively on World Sport HD

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: America One held CFL broadcast rights in the United States

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: America One held CFL broadcast rights in the United States

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 22, 2008,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: November 22, 2008, with a replay the next day on America One.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Friday Night Football was carried exclusively on World Sport HD

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: America One held CFL broadcast rights in the United States

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2009

text: Cashmere is collected during the spring moulting season when the goats naturally shed their winter coat. In the Northern Hemisphere, the goats moult as early as March and as late as May.

text: Cashmere is collected during the spring

text: moulting

text: season when the goats naturally shed their winter coat. In the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , the goats moult as early as March and as late as May.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: natural

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the goats naturally shed their winter coat.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring moulting season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Cashmere is collected during the spring moulting season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: spring moulting season when the goats naturally shed their winter coat.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: March and as late as May.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring moulting season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Cashmere is collected during the spring moulting season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March and as late as May.

text: Humid continental climates tend to be found between latitudes 37° N and 60° N, within the central and northeastern portions of North America, Europe, and Asia. They are much less commonly found in the Southern Hemisphere due to the larger ocean area at that latitude and the consequent greater maritime moderation. In the Northern Hemisphere some of the humid continental climates, typically in Scandinavia, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland are heavily maritime-influenced, with relatively cool summers and winters being just below the freezing mark. More extreme humid continental climates found in southern Siberia and the American Midwest combine hotter summer maxima and colder winters than the marine-based variety. In some areas there are both strong subtropical and subarctic air mass influences depending on season, like the humid and hot summers and the frigid winters of Milwaukee, Wisconsin in the Upper Midwest of the United States.

text: Humid continental climates tend to be found between latitudes 37° N and 60° N, within the central and northeastern portions of

text: North America

text: Europe

text: , and

text: Asia

text: . They are much less commonly found in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: due to the larger ocean area at that latitude and the consequent greater maritime moderation. In the Northern Hemisphere some of the humid continental climates, typically in

text: Scandinavia

text: Nova Scotia

text: , and

text: Newfoundland

text: are heavily maritime-influenced, with relatively cool summers and winters being just below the freezing mark. More extreme humid continental climates found in southern

text: Siberia

text: and the

text: American Midwest

text: combine hotter summer maxima and colder winters than the marine-based variety. In some areas there are both strong subtropical and subarctic air mass influences depending on season, like the humid and hot summers and the frigid winters of

text: Milwaukee

text: Wisconsin

text: in the Upper Midwest of the United States.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: strong subtropical and subarctic air mass influences

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer maxima

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: below the freezing mark

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: strong subtropical and subarctic air mass influences

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: subarctic

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: cool summers

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: cool summers and winters being just below the freezing mark.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: just below the freezing mark.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: relatively cool summers and winters being just below the freezing mark.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summers and winters being just below the freezing mark.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Humid continental climates

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 37° N and 60° N,

text: If Mars had an Earth-like orbit, its seasons would be similar to Earth's because its axial tilt is similar to Earth's. The comparatively large eccentricity of the Martian orbit has a significant effect. Mars is near perihelion when it is summer in the southern hemisphere and winter in the north, and near aphelion when it is winter in the southern hemisphere and summer in the north. As a result, the seasons in the southern hemisphere are more extreme and the seasons in the northern are milder than would otherwise be the case. The summer temperatures in the south can be up to  warmer than the equivalent summer temperatures in the north.

text: If Mars had an Earth-like orbit, its seasons would be similar to Earth's because its

text: axial tilt

text: is similar to Earth's. The comparatively large

text: eccentricity

text: of the Martian orbit has a significant effect. Mars is near

text: perihelion

text: when it is summer in the southern hemisphere and winter in the north, and near

text: aphelion

text: when it is winter in the southern hemisphere and summer in the north. As a result, the seasons in the southern hemisphere are more extreme and the seasons in the northern are milder than would otherwise be the case. The summer temperatures in the south can be up to  warmer than the equivalent summer temperatures in the north.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: its axial tilt is similar to Earth's

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter in the northern are milder than would otherwise be the case

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: milder than would otherwise be the case

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: what is the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: its axial tilt is similar to Earth's.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the seasons in the southern hemisphere are more extreme

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: north.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter in the north,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: milder

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt is similar to Earth's.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Earth-like orbit, its seasons would be similar to Earth's

text: In the Northern Hemisphere summer, when the earth’s axial tilt was directed toward the sun, Laurasia would have received the most direct solar insolation. This would have yielded a broad area of warm, rising air and low surface pressure over the continent. Models have suggested that this seasonal low was positioned at 35° latitude, relatively near the Tethys Ocean. In Gondwana, high pressure would have dominated, as the land would have been receiving less solar radiation, and therefore experiencing cooler temperatures.

text: In the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: summer

text: , when the earth’s

text: axial tilt

text: was directed toward the sun,

text: Laurasia

text: would have received the most direct solar

text: insolation

text: . This would have yielded a broad area of warm, rising air and

text: low surface pressure

text: over the continent. Models have suggested that this seasonal low was positioned at 35° latitude, relatively near the Tethys Ocean. In

text: Gondwana

text: high pressure

text: would have dominated, as the land would have been receiving less solar radiation, and therefore experiencing cooler temperatures.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth’s axial tilt was directed toward the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Laurasia

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: low surface pressure over the continent

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the earth’s axial tilt was directed toward the sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar insolation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Laurasia would have received the most direct solar insolation.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: In the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Laurasia

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Laurasia

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cooler temperatures.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 35° latitude,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the earth’s axial tilt was directed toward the sun,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: In the Northern Hemisphere summer,

text: Today the mean tropical year is defined as the period of time for the mean ecliptic longitude of the Sun to increase by 360 degrees. Since the Sun's ecliptic longitude is measured with respect to the equinox, the tropical year comprises a complete cycle of the seasons; because of the biological and socio-economic importance of the seasons, the tropical year is the basis of most calendars. The modern definition of mean tropical year differs from the actual time between passages of, e.g., the northward equinox for several reasons explained below. Because of the Earth's axial precession, this year is about 20 minutes shorter than the sidereal year.  The mean tropical year is approximately 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 45 seconds, using the modern definition. (=  days of 86400 SI seconds)

text: Today the mean tropical year is defined as the period of time for the mean

text: ecliptic longitude

text: of the Sun to increase by 360 degrees. Since the Sun's ecliptic longitude is measured with respect to the equinox, the tropical year comprises a complete cycle of the seasons; because of the biological and socio-economic importance of the seasons, the tropical year is the basis of most calendars. The modern definition of mean tropical year differs from the actual time between passages of, e.g., the northward equinox for several reasons explained below. Because of the Earth's

text: axial precession

text: , this year is about 20 minutes shorter than the sidereal year.  The mean tropical year is approximately 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 45 seconds, using the modern definition. (=  days of 86400 SI seconds)

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: biological and socio-economic importance

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: northward equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the tropical year comprises a complete cycle of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: biological and socio-economic importance

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: northward equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasons;

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 20 minutes shorter than the sidereal year.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ecliptic longitude of the Sun to increase by 360 degrees.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: northward equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Since the Sun's ecliptic longitude is measured

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial precession,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: northward equinox

text: The solar magnetic field structures the corona, giving it its characteristic shape visible at times of solar eclipses. Complex coronal magnetic field structures evolve in response to fluid motions at the solar surface, and emergence of magnetic flux produced by dynamo action in the solar interior. For reasons not yet understood in detail, sometimes these structures lose stability, leading to coronal mass ejections into interplanetary space, or flares, caused by sudden localized release of magnetic energy driving emission of ultraviolet and X-ray radiation as well as energetic particles. These eruptive phenomena can have a significant impact on Earth's upper atmosphere and space environment, and are the primary drivers of what is now called space weather.

text: The solar magnetic field structures the corona, giving it its characteristic shape visible at times of solar eclipses. Complex coronal magnetic field structures evolve in response to fluid motions at the solar surface, and emergence of

text: magnetic flux

text: produced by

text: dynamo

text: action in the solar interior. For reasons not yet understood in detail, sometimes these structures lose stability, leading to

text: coronal mass ejections

text: into interplanetary space, or

text: flares

text: , caused by sudden localized release of magnetic energy driving emission of ultraviolet and X-ray radiation as well as energetic particles. These eruptive phenomena can have a significant impact on Earth's upper atmosphere and space environment, and are the primary drivers of what is now called

text: space weather

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: not yet understood in detail

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: not yet understood in detail,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar eclipses.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The solar magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: corona,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar eclipses.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The solar magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: times of solar eclipses.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The solar magnetic field structures the corona,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The solar magnetic field

text: One proposed volcanic winter happened c. 70,000 years ago following the supereruption of Lake Toba on Sumatra island in Indonesia. According to the Toba catastrophe theory to which some anthropologists and archeologists subscribe, it had global consequences, killing most humans then alive and creating a population bottleneck that affected the genetic inheritance of all humans today. The 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora created global climate anomalies that became known as the "Year Without a Summer" because of the effect on North American and European weather. Agricultural crops failed and livestock died in much of the Northern Hemisphere, resulting in one of the worst famines of the 19th century. The freezing winter of 1740–41, which led to widespread famine in northern Europe, may also owe its origins to a volcanic eruption.

text: One proposed

text: volcanic winter

text: happened c. 70,000 years ago following the

text: supereruption

text: of

text: Lake Toba

text: on Sumatra island in Indonesia. According to the

text: Toba catastrophe theory

text: to which some anthropologists and archeologists subscribe, it had global consequences, killing most humans then alive and creating a

text: population bottleneck

text: that affected the genetic inheritance of all humans today. The 1815 eruption of

text: Mount Tambora

text: created global climate anomalies that became known as the "

text: Year Without a Summer

text: " because of the effect on North American and European weather. Agricultural crops failed and livestock died in much of the Northern Hemisphere, resulting in one of the worst famines of the 19th century. The freezing winter of 1740–41, which led to widespread

text: famine

text: in northern Europe, may also owe its origins to a volcanic eruption.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: volcanic eruption

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1740–41

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: volcanic eruption.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Year Without a Summer"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "Year Without a Summer"

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: "Year Without a Summer"

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Summer"

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: "Year Without a Summer"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer"

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: One proposed volcanic winter

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: "Year Without a Summer"

text: Born in Chicago, Curulewski joined Dennis DeYoung, the Panozzo brothers, and James Young to form TW4 in 1968, which was renamed Styx in 1970. He played acoustic and electric guitar on the band's first five studio albums: Styx, Styx II, The Serpent Is Rising, Man of Miracles, and Equinox. He left just before the Equinox promotional tour and was replaced by Tommy Shaw. Curulewski left Styx because he wanted to spend more time with his family and have more creative control in his work.

text: Born in

text: Chicago

text: , Curulewski joined

text: Dennis DeYoung

text: , the Panozzo brothers, and

text: James Young

text: to form TW4 in 1968, which was renamed Styx in 1970. He played acoustic and electric guitar on the band's first five studio albums:

text: Styx

text: Styx II

text: The Serpent Is Rising

text: Man of Miracles

text: , and

text: Equinox

text: . He left just before the Equinox promotional tour and was replaced by

text: Tommy Shaw

text: . Curulewski left Styx because he wanted to spend more time with his family and have more creative control in his work.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: he wanted to spend more time with his family and have more creative control

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox promotional tour

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: He left just before the Equinox promotional tour

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: spend more time with his family and have more creative control in his work.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Chicago,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Chicago,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: He left just before the Equinox promotional tour and was replaced by Tommy Shaw.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: TW4

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox.

text: Of all the planets in the Solar System, the seasons of Mars are the most Earth-like, due to the similar tilts of the two planets' rotational axes. The lengths of the Martian seasons are about twice those of Earth's because Mars's greater distance from the Sun leads to the Martian year being about two Earth years long. Martian surface temperatures vary from lows of about  at the winter polar caps to highs of up to  in equatorial summer. The wide range in temperatures is due to the thin atmosphere which cannot store much solar heat, the low atmospheric pressure, and the low thermal inertia of Martian soil. The planet is 1.52 times as far from the Sun as Earth, resulting in just 43% of the amount of sunlight.

text: Of all the planets in the Solar System, the seasons of Mars are the most Earth-like, due to the similar tilts of the two planets' rotational axes. The lengths of the Martian seasons are about twice those of Earth's because Mars's greater distance from the Sun leads to the Martian year being about two Earth years long. Martian surface temperatures vary from lows of about  at the winter polar caps to highs of up to  in equatorial summer. The wide range in temperatures is due to the thin atmosphere which cannot store much solar heat, the low atmospheric pressure, and the low

text: thermal inertia

text: of Martian soil. The planet is 1.52 times as far from the Sun as Earth, resulting in just 43% of the amount of sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: similar tilts of the two planets' rotational axes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 43%

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: about at the winter polar caps

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: equatorial summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: similar tilts of the two planets' rotational axes.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter polar caps

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter polar caps

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 43%

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 43%

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: lows of about at the winter polar caps

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: equatorial summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equatorial summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 43% of the amount of sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: twice those of Earth's

text: Neglecting the effects of refraction and the Sun's non-zero size, whenever and wherever sunrise occurs, it is always in the northeast quadrant from the March equinox to the September equinox and in the southeast quadrant from the September equinox to the March equinox. Sunrises occur due east on the March and September equinoxes for all viewers on Earth. Exact calculations of the azimuths of sunrise on other dates are complex, but they can be estimated with reasonable accuracy by using the analemma.

text: Neglecting the effects of refraction and the Sun's non-zero size, whenever and wherever sunrise occurs, it is always in the northeast quadrant from the March equinox to the September equinox and in the southeast quadrant from the September equinox to the March equinox. Sunrises occur due east on the March and September equinoxes for all viewers on Earth. Exact calculations of the

text: azimuth

text: s of sunrise on other dates are complex, but they can be estimated with reasonable accuracy by using the

text: analemma

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun's non-zero size

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northeast quadrant

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: September equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Sunrises occur due east on the March and September equinoxes for all viewers on Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: refraction and the Sun's non-zero size,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: azimuths

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: March equinox to the September equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northeast quadrant

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northeast quadrant

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Sunrises occur due east

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Sunrises occur due east

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March and September equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Sunrises occur due east

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September equinox

text: Insolation is a measure of solar radiation energy received on a given surface area in a given time. It is commonly expressed as average irradiance in watts per square meter (W/m2). Direct insolation is the solar irradiance measured at a given location on Earth with a surface element perpendicular to the Sun's rays, excluding diffuse insolation (the solar radiation that is scattered or reflected by atmospheric components in the sky). Direct insolation is equal to the solar constant minus the atmospheric losses due to absorption and scattering. While the solar constant varies with the Earth-Sun distance and solar cycles, the losses depend on the time of day (length of light's path through the atmosphere depending on the Solar elevation angle), cloud cover, moisture content, and other impurities.

text: Insolation

text: is a measure of

text: solar radiation

text: energy received on a given surface area in a given time. It is commonly expressed as average

text: irradiance

text: in watts per square meter (W/m2).

text: Direct insolation

text: is the solar irradiance measured at a given location on Earth with a surface element perpendicular to the Sun's rays, excluding diffuse insolation (the solar radiation that is scattered or reflected by atmospheric components in the sky). Direct insolation is equal to the

text: solar constant

text: minus the atmospheric losses due to

text: absorption

text: and

text: scattering

text: . While the solar constant varies with the

text: Earth-Sun distance

text: and

text: solar cycle

text: s, the losses depend on the time of day (length of light's path through the atmosphere depending on the

text: Solar elevation angle

text: cloud cover

text: moisture

text: content, and other

text: impurities

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar cycles

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Direct insolation

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: insolation is equal to the solar constant

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the losses depend on the time of day

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: nighttime

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cloud cover, moisture content, and other impurities.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: diffuse insolation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Insolation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: varies with the Earth-Sun distance and solar cycles,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Direct insolation

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Insolation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (length of light's path through the atmosphere depending on the Solar elevation angle),

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Solar elevation angle),

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Insolation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Insolation

text: The energy generation forecasting problem is closely linked to the problem of weather variables forecasting. Indeed, this problem is usually split into two parts, on one hand focusing on the forecasting of solar PV or any other meteorological variable and on the other hand estimating the amount of energy that a concrete power plant will produce with the estimated meteorological resource.In general, the way to deal with this difficult problem is usually related to the spatial and temporal scales we are interested in, which yields to different approaches that can be found in the literature. In this sense, it is useful to classify these techniques depending on the forecasting horizon, so it is possible to distinguish between now-casting (forecasting 3–4 hours ahead), short-term forecasting (up to 7 days ahead) and long-term forecasting (months, years…)Solar radiation is a most important power follower of the physical and biological development in our earth. Its spatial and sequential heterogeneity powerfully influence the forceful of the environmental and hydrological organism by manipulate air temperature, soil moisture and vapor transpiration, snow cover up and lots of photochemical procedure. Therefore, solar radiation drives place efficiency and plant life allotment, organism a key feature in undeveloped and forestry sciences that be obliged to be known precisely. The quantity of solar radiation obtainable at the earth’ surface is at the outset controlled at worldwide balance, organism above all precious by the Sun Earth geometry and the atmosphere. On the other hand, a complete explanation of its freedom time unpredictability require deliberation of limited procedure which frequently turn out to be also applicable, as is the casing in mountainous region. Predominantly, limited territory adjust the inward bound solar radiation by shadow casts, slope of elevation, surface gradient and compass reading, as a result, precise spatial model of inward bound solar radiation be supposed to regard as the pressure of the terrain surface. In the final time, more than a few events to consist of the confined terrain special effects in the solar radiation countryside have been projected, such as the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS), artificial intelligence or post dispensation of satellite stand technique. Solar radiation can be also evaluate using numerical weather forecast (NWP) models. Nevertheless, the space and time balance determined with them and the incomplete computational ability frequently avoid the deliberation of terrain connected property.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth geometry and the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar radiation drives place efficiency and plant life allotment

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The energy generation forecasting problem is closely linked to the problem of weather variables forecasting

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth’ surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: long-term forecasting

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: long-term forecasting

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: The energy generation forecasting problem is closely linked to the problem of weather variables forecasting

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Why is the Earth's axis of rotation pointed toward Polaris?

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation drives place efficiency and plant life allotment,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: mountainous region.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: mountainous region.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: snow cover up

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: lots of photochemical procedure.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: now-casting (forecasting 3–4 hours

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: solar radiation drives place efficiency and plant life allotment,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: solar radiation drives place efficiency and plant life allotment,

text: Equinox is often confused with epoch with the difference between the two being that the equinox addresses changes in the coordinate system, while the epoch addresses changes in the position of the celestial body itself. The currently used standard equinox (and epoch) is J2000.0, which is January 1, 2000 at 12:00 TT. The prefix "J" indicates that it is a Julian epoch.  The previous standard equinox (and epoch) was B1950.0, with the prefix "B" indicating it was a Besselian epoch. Before 1984 Besselian equinoxes and epochs were used. Since that time Julian equinoxes and epochs have been used.

text: Equinox is often confused with

text: epoch

text: with the difference between the two being that the equinox addresses changes in the coordinate system, while the epoch addresses changes in the position of the celestial body itself. The currently used standard equinox (and epoch) is

text: , which is January 1, 2000 at 12:00

text: TT

text: . The prefix "J" indicates that it is a

text: Julian epoch

text: .  The previous standard equinox (and epoch) was B1950.0, with the prefix "B" indicating it was a Besselian epoch. Before 1984 Besselian equinoxes and epochs were used. Since that time Julian equinoxes and epochs have been used.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes in the position of the celestial body itself

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 1, 2000

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the equinox addresses changes in the coordinate system

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes in the position of the celestial body itself.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox is often confused with epoch

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 12:00 TT.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 12:00 TT.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 1, 2000 at 12:00 TT.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the equinox addresses changes in the coordinate system,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: January 1, 2000 at 12:00 TT.

text: On February 29, 2008, Helios teamed with Incoherence (Hallowicked and Delirious) and the three became "The Golden Trio" in order to participate in the 2008 King of Trios tournament. After receiving a bye in the first round, The Golden Trio defeated Team IPW:UK (Martin Stone, Terry Frazier and Sha Samuels) and The Fabulous Three (Larry Sweeney, Mitch Ryder and Shayne Hawke) in the second and quarterfinal rounds, respectively, before losing to The BLKOUT in the semi-finals. On April 19 at Deuces Wild, Helios successfully retained the Young Lions Cup against Lince Dorado. At Grit And Glory on May 15, Helios advanced to the finals of the Rey de Voladores tournament but ultimately lost to Incognito. On June 15, Helios lost his Young Lions Cup after Fire Ant defeated Vin Gerard in the finals of the sixth Young Lions Cup tournament. On September 6, Helios teamed up with Tim Donst to take part in the first-ever La Lotería Letal tournament, where they lost to Icarus and Ultimo Breakfast in the first round. On November 11 at Cibernetico Begins, Helios was a part of Team Equinox (Equinox, Fire Ant, Soldier Ant, Worker Ant, Hydra, Tim Donst and Mike Quackenbush) as they defeated Team Vin Gerard (Gerard, STIGMA, Lince Dorado, UltraMantis Black, Crossbones, Amasis, Ophidian and Eddie Kingston) in a 16-man elimination tag team match. At Face With A View on December 12, Helios formed The Future is Now with Equinox and Lince Dorado and they defeated The UnStable (Vin Gerard, Colin Delaney and STIGMA).

text: On February 29, 2008, Helios teamed with Incoherence (

text: Hallowicked

text: and

text: Delirious

text: ) and the three became "The Golden Trio" in order to participate in the

text: 2008 King of Trios tournament

text: . After receiving a bye in the first round, The Golden Trio defeated Team

entity_name: International Pro Wrestling: United Kingdom

text: IPW:UK

text: Martin Stone

text: Terry Frazier

text: and

text: Sha Samuels

text: ) and The Fabulous Three (

text: Larry Sweeney

text: , Mitch Ryder and

text: Shayne Hawke

text: ) in the second and quarterfinal rounds, respectively, before losing to

text: The BLKOUT

text: in the semi-finals. On April 19 at Deuces Wild, Helios successfully retained the Young Lions Cup against

text: Lince Dorado

text: . At Grit And Glory on May 15, Helios advanced to the finals of the

text: Rey de Voladores tournament

text: but ultimately lost to Incognito. On June 15, Helios lost his Young Lions Cup after

text: Fire Ant

text: defeated

text: Vin Gerard

text: in the finals of the sixth Young Lions Cup tournament. On September 6, Helios teamed up with

text: Tim Donst

text: to take part in the first-ever

text: La Lotería Letal

text: tournament, where they lost to

text: Icarus

text: and

text: Ultimo Breakfast

text: in the first round. On November 11 at Cibernetico Begins, Helios was a part of Team

text: Equinox

text: (Equinox,

text: Fire Ant, Soldier Ant, Worker Ant

text: , Hydra, Tim Donst and

text: Mike Quackenbush

text: ) as they defeated Team

text: Vin Gerard

text: (Gerard, STIGMA,

text: Lince Dorado

text: , UltraMantis Black, Crossbones,

text: Amasis

text: Ophidian

text: and

text: Eddie Kingston

text: ) in a

entity_name: Professional wrestling tag team match types

text: 16-man elimination tag team match

text: . At Face With A View on December 12, Helios formed The Future is Now with Equinox and Lince Dorado and they defeated The UnStable (Vin Gerard,

text: Colin Delaney

text: and STIGMA).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to participate in the 2008 King of Trios tournament

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 12

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: they defeated Team Vin Gerard

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: in order to participate in the 2008 King of Trios tournament.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: La Loter<unk>a Letal

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: finals of the sixth Young Lions Cup tournament.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Cibernetico

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Helios was a part of Team Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 11

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Helios was a part of Team Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Cibernetico Begins,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: La Loter<unk>a Letal

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Helios was a part of Team Equinox

text: Newman played his college football at University of Missouri. In his first CFL season, with the Toronto Argonauts, he caught 50 passes for 823 yards and 10 touchdowns, winning him the Frank M. Gibson Trophy as top rookie in the CFL East and an All-Star selection. He later played with the Ottawa Rough Riders. After 6 seasons he retired having caught 196 passes for 3145 yards and 35 touchdowns (one on a punt return).

text: Newman played his college football at

text: University of Missouri

text: . In his first CFL season, with the

text: Toronto Argonauts

text: , he caught 50 passes for 823 yards and 10 touchdowns, winning him the

text: Frank M. Gibson Trophy

text: as top rookie in the CFL East and an All-Star selection. He later played with the

text: Ottawa Rough Riders

text: . After 6 seasons he retired having caught 196 passes for 3145 yards and 35 touchdowns (one on a punt return).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: he retired having caught 196 passes for 3145 yards and 35 touchdowns

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It does not say

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the oceans

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Newman was born on what day?

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: (one on a punt return).

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: punt return).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Toronto Argonauts,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Toronto Argonauts,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: CFL East

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 10 touchdowns,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 10 touchdowns,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: CFL East

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Toronto Argonauts,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Newman played his college football at University of Missouri.

text: Bal Gangadhar Tilak proposes an alternative, early vedic definition of Uttarayana as starting from Vernal Equinox and ending with Autumnal Equinox. This definition interprets the term "Uttara Ayana" as "northern movement" instead of "northward movement", i.e. as the movement of the Earth in the region North of the Equator. In support of this proposal, he points to another tradition that the Uttarayana is considered the daytime of the Gods residing at the North Pole which tradition makes sense only if we define Uttarayana as the period between the Vernal and Autumnal equinoxes (when there is Midnight Sun at the North Pole). Conversely, Dakshinaya is defined as the period between the Autumnal and Vernal Equinoxes, when there is midnight sun at the South Pole. This period is also referred to as Pitrayana (with the Pitrus (i.e. ancestors) being placed at the South Pole).

text: Bal Gangadhar Tilak proposes an alternative, early vedic definition of Uttarayana as starting from Vernal Equinox and ending with Autumnal Equinox. This definition interprets the term "Uttara Ayana" as "northern movement" instead of "northward movement", i.e. as the movement of the Earth in the region North of the Equator. In support of this proposal, he points to another tradition that the Uttarayana is considered the daytime of the Gods residing at the North Pole which tradition makes sense only if we define Uttarayana as the period between the Vernal and Autumnal equinoxes (when there is

text: Midnight Sun

text: at the North Pole). Conversely, Dakshinaya is defined as the period between the Autumnal and Vernal Equinoxes, when there is midnight sun at the South Pole. This period is also referred to as Pitrayana (with the Pitrus (i.e. ancestors) being placed at the South Pole).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Midnight Sun at the North Pole

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Midnight Sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: midnight sun at the South Pole

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Midnight Sun at the North Pole

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Midnight Sun

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: movement of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Dakshinaya

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Autumnal Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Midnight Sun at the North Pole).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: North Pole).

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Midnight Sun at the North Pole).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (when there is Midnight Sun at the North Pole).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Autumnal equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Vernal Equinox and ending with Autumnal Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Vernal Equinox

text: Received radiation is unevenly distributed over the planet, because the Sun heats equatorial regions more than polar regions. Energy is absorbed by the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere, and, in a process informally described as Earth's heat engine, the solar heating is redistributed through evaporation of surface water, convection, rainfall, winds, and ocean circulation. When the incoming solar energy is balanced by an equal flow of heat to space, the Earth is said to be in radiative equilibrium and under that condition, global temperatures will be stable.

text: Received radiation is unevenly distributed over the planet, because the Sun heats equatorial regions more than polar regions. Energy is absorbed by the

text: atmosphere

text: hydrosphere

text: , and

text: lithosphere

text: , and, in a process informally described as Earth's heat engine, the solar heating is redistributed through evaporation of surface water, convection, rainfall, winds, and

text: ocean circulation

text: . When the incoming solar energy is balanced by an equal flow of heat to space, the Earth is said to be in

text: radiative equilibrium

text: and under that condition, global temperatures will be stable.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: received radiation is unevenly distributed over the planet

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: global temperatures will be stable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: global temperatures will be stable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: in radiative equilibrium

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun heats equatorial regions more than polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equatorial regions more than polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Sun heats equatorial regions more than polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: radiative equilibrium

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: polar regions.

text: The seasons result from the Earth's axis of rotation being tilted with respect to its orbital plane by an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees. (This tilt is also known as "obliquity of the ecliptic".)

text: The seasons result from the Earth's

text: axis of rotation

text: being

text: tilted

text: with respect to its

text: orbital plane

text: by an angle of approximately 23.5

text: degree

text: s. (This tilt is also known as "obliquity of the

text: ecliptic

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Earth's axis of rotation being tilted

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: obliquity

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the ecliptic

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Earth's orbital plane is tilted

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: tilt is also known as "obliquity of the ecliptic"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Earth's axis of rotation being tilted

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 23.5 degrees.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The seasons

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The seasons

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 23.5 degrees.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 23.5 degrees.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: The seasons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 23.5 degrees.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 23.5 degrees.

text: Another method is to use the International Date Line as the easternmost–westernmost extreme.  On the equinox, the easternmost place would be where the day first begins, and the westernmost is where the day last ends.

text: Another method is to use the

text: International Date Line

text: as the easternmost–westernmost extreme.  On the equinox, the easternmost place would be where the day first begins, and the westernmost is where the day last ends.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: westernmost

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: easternmost place would be where the day first begins

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the easternmost place would be where the day first begins

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: International Date Line

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: International Date Line

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: easternmost–westernmost

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the easternmost place would be where the day first begins,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the easternmost place would be where the day first begins,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: International Date Line

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: International Date Line

text: Originally, like other South American football leagues, the league was contested according to the calendar year, from austral summer to summer in the Southern Hemisphere. In 2005, the league started to play the "European season", from boreal summer to summer in Northern Hemisphere starting in August, with the aim of preventing clubs from losing many players in the middle of the season. In the first semester of 2005, a special tournament was held to decide the qualification to international competition.

text: Originally, like other South American football leagues, the league was contested according to the

text: calendar year

text: , from austral summer to summer in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: . In 2005, the league started to play the "European season", from boreal summer to summer in

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: starting in August, with the aim of preventing clubs from losing many players in the middle of the season. In the first semester of 2005, a special tournament was held to decide the qualification to international competition.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: preventing clubs from losing many players in the middle of the season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: boreal summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: boreal summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: boreal summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: preventing clubs from losing many players in the middle of the season.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: boreal

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: boreal

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: austral summer to summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: boreal summer to summer in Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: austral summer to summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: boreal summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: austral summer to summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer to summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

text: In the northern hemisphere, summer occurs at the same time as aphelion. Despite this, there are larger land masses in the northern hemisphere, which are easier to heat than the seas. Consequently, summers are  warmer in the northern hemisphere than in the southern hemisphere under similar conditions.

text: In the northern hemisphere, summer occurs at the same time as aphelion. Despite this, there are larger land masses in the northern hemisphere, which are easier to heat than the seas. Consequently, summers are  warmer in the northern hemisphere than in the southern hemisphere under similar conditions.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: larger land masses in the northern hemisphere, which are easier to heat than the seas

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: aphelion

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summers are warmer in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Aphelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: there are larger land masses in the northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: aphelion.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: In the northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: aphelion.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer occurs at the same time as aphelion.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer occurs at the same time as aphelion.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: aphelion.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: aphelion.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer occurs at the same time as aphelion.

text: Following delivery to Kloster/Royal Viking the Royal Viking Sky was used for luxury cruises around the world. In 1982 she was lengthened from  to  at the A.G. Weser shipyard in Bremerhaven, West Germany. In 1984 Kloster Cruise acquired the entirety of Royal Viking Line. Subsequently in 1991 Royal Viking Sky was transferred to the fleet of Norwegian Cruise Line (also owned by Kloster) under the name Sunward. Already in 1992 the Sunward was sold to Birka Cruise, who renamed the ship Birka Queen for Baltic Sea cruising. Her career with Birka only lasted for the 1992 northern hemisphere summer season, and in late 1992 was chartered back to NCL, reverting to the name Sunward. In 1993 the ship was chartered to Princess Cruises, becoming their Golden Princess. Following delivery of newer tonnage to Princess Cruises, the company terminated the charter of the Golden Princess. Subsequently Birka Cruises sold the ship to Star Cruises, who renamed her SuperStar Capricorn.

text: Following delivery to Kloster/Royal Viking the Royal Viking Sky was used for luxury cruises around the world. In 1982 she was lengthened from  to  at the

text: A.G. Weser

text: shipyard in

text: Bremerhaven

text: West Germany

text: . In 1984 Kloster Cruise acquired the entirety of Royal Viking Line. Subsequently in 1991 Royal Viking Sky was transferred to the fleet of

text: Norwegian Cruise Line

text: (also owned by Kloster) under the name Sunward. Already in 1992 the Sunward was sold to

text: Birka Cruise

text: , who renamed the ship Birka Queen for

text: Baltic Sea

text: cruising. Her career with Birka only lasted for the 1992

text: northern hemisphere

text: summer season, and in late 1992 was chartered back to NCL, reverting to the name Sunward. In 1993 the ship was chartered to

text: Princess Cruises

text: , becoming their Golden Princess. Following delivery of newer tonnage to Princess Cruises, the company terminated the charter of the Golden Princess. Subsequently Birka Cruises sold the ship to

text: Star Cruises

text: , who renamed her SuperStar Capricorn.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: In 1984 Kloster Cruise acquired the entirety of Royal Viking Line

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1992 northern hemisphere summer season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: is a leap year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: delivery of newer tonnage

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1992 northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Baltic Sea

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1992

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northern hemisphere summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: SuperStar Capricorn.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer

text: Spells could be cast during the equinoxes which could have significant effects on the campaign season. The spells available between the spring and autumn equinoxes differ.

text: Spells could be cast during the equinoxes which could have significant effects on the campaign season. The spells available between the spring and autumn equinoxes differ.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: spells could be cast

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spells could be cast

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Spells could be cast during the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Spells

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Spells could be cast during the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn equinoxes

text: His professional career involved several short stints that included most of a season on the taxi squad for the 2002 49ers of the NFL and a few years with the BC Lions of the CFL. In his most productive professional season, he led the CFL in return yards for the 2005 CFL season

text: His professional career involved several short stints that included most of a season on the

text: taxi squad

text: for the

text: 2002 49ers

text: of the NFL and a few years with the BC Lions of the CFL. In his most productive professional season, he led the CFL in

text: return yards

text: for the

text: 2005 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a few years with the BC Lions of the CFL

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: taxi squad

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: taxi squad

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: BC Lions of the CFL.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: BC

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: BC Lions of the CFL.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2002 49ers

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: taxi squad

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2002

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: BC Lions of the CFL.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: BC Lions of the CFL.

text: Guardians of Middle-earth is a multiplayer online battle arena video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment. The setting of the game is Middle-earth, derived from The Lord of the Rings series, with various tie-ins to the film series of the same name. Guardians of Middle-earth was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles on December 4, 2012, via the PlayStation Network and Xbox Live Arcade respectively. A retail package is also released, which includes a download voucher for the game as well as a "Season Pass" for future downloadable content. It is no longer available on the PlayStation Network and the servers are down as well.

text: Guardians of Middle-earth is a

text: multiplayer online battle arena

text: video game

text: developed by

text: Monolith Productions

text: and published by

text: Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment

text: . The setting of the game is

text: Middle-earth

text: , derived from

text: The Lord of the Rings

text: series, with various tie-ins to the

text: film series

text: of the same name. Guardians of Middle-earth was released for the

text: PlayStation 3

text: and

text: Xbox 360

text: consoles on December 4, 2012, via the

text: PlayStation Network

text: and

text: Xbox Live Arcade

text: respectively. A retail package is also released, which includes a download voucher for the game as well as a "Season Pass" for future downloadable content. It is no longer available on the PlayStation Network and the servers are down as well.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: future downloadable content

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Polaris

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Middle-earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 4

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is no longer available on the PlayStation Network

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: future downloadable content.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no longer available on the PlayStation Network

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "Season Pass"

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Middle-earth,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Middle-earth,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 4, 2012,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: It is no longer available on the PlayStation Network

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December 4,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Guardians of Middle-earth

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December 4,

text: The total column amount of ozone generally increases as we move from the tropics to higher latitudes in both hemispheres. However, the overall column amounts are greater in the northern hemisphere high latitudes than in the southern hemisphere high latitudes. In addition, while the highest amounts of column ozone over the Arctic occur in the northern spring (March–April), the opposite is true over the Antarctic, where the lowest amounts of column ozone occur in the southern spring (September–October).

text: The total column amount of ozone generally increases as we move from the tropics to higher latitudes in both hemispheres. However, the overall column amounts are greater in the northern hemisphere high latitudes than in the southern hemisphere high latitudes. In addition, while the highest amounts of column ozone over the Arctic occur in the northern spring (March–April), the opposite is true over the Antarctic, where the lowest amounts of column ozone occur in the southern spring (September–October).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Arctic

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: highest amounts of column ozone

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: highest amounts of column ozone

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: increases as we move from the tropics to higher latitudes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Arctic occur in the northern spring

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (March–April),

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Antarctic,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Arctic

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: (September–October).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (March–April),

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: (March–April),

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: southern hemisphere high latitudes.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: (September–October).

text: Guadalupe Plaza is  east of Downtown Houston. As of 2008 the park was a haven for drunk and homeless individuals. A man named George Helber frequently filed complaints to ask the city of Houston to improve the park. In 2009 the president of the Second Ward Super Neighborhood, Jessica Hulsey, complained about the park's condition. During that year, Isa Dadoush, a general services manager of the City of Houston announced that there were plans for a $171,000 upgrade of the park to be completed in the northern hemisphere summer of that year, and that the city is advertising for a construction contractor to do the job. Reconstruction of the park began in 2014, with completion targeted for summer 2015.

text: Guadalupe Plaza is  east of

text: Downtown Houston

text: . As of 2008 the park was a haven for drunk and homeless individuals. A man named George Helber frequently filed complaints to ask the city of Houston to improve the park. In 2009 the president of the Second Ward Super Neighborhood, Jessica Hulsey, complained about the park's condition. During that year, Isa Dadoush, a general services manager of the City of Houston announced that there were plans for a $171,000 upgrade of the park to be completed in the northern hemisphere summer of that year, and that the city is advertising for a construction contractor to do the job. Reconstruction of the park began in 2014, with completion targeted for summer 2015.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: hemisphere summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Reconstruction of the park began in 2014, with completion targeted for summer 2015.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Guadalupe Plaza is east of Downtown Houston.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: northern hemisphere summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Reconstruction of the park began in 2014, with completion targeted for summer 2015.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2015.

text: It is easy to see that the shadow always falls on the "winter hemisphere", except when it crosses the equator during the vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox. Thus transits of Phobos and Deimos happen during Martian autumn and winter in the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere. Close to the equator they tend to happen around the autumnal equinox and the vernal equinox; farther from the equator they tend to happen closer to the winter solstice. In either case, the two intervals when transits can take place occur more or less symmetrically before and after the winter solstice (however, the large eccentricity of Mars's orbit prevents true symmetry).

text: It is easy to see that the shadow always falls on the "winter hemisphere", except when it crosses the equator during the

text: vernal equinox

text: and the

text: autumnal equinox

text: . Thus transits of Phobos and Deimos happen during Martian autumn and winter in the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere. Close to the equator they tend to happen around the autumnal equinox and the vernal equinox; farther from the equator they tend to happen closer to the

text: winter solstice

text: . In either case, the two intervals when transits can take place occur more or less symmetrically before and after the winter solstice (however, the large eccentricity of Mars's orbit prevents true symmetry).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the large eccentricity of Mars's orbit prevents true symmetry

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: closer to the winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the shadow always falls on the "winter hemisphere"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: large eccentricity of Mars's orbit prevents true symmetry).

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: "winter hemisphere",

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: farther from the equator they tend to happen closer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "winter hemisphere",

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox

text: The climbing season coincides with the summer in the northern hemisphere, as the dry season spans from roughly May to September. Multiple climbing routes have been opened and detailed on most of the peaks of the Cordillera Blanca, ranging in difficulty from E to ES, and the Huaraz Guide Association guides climbers of all levels to virtually any peak in the region.

text: The climbing season coincides with the summer in the northern hemisphere, as the dry season spans from roughly May to September. Multiple climbing routes have been opened and detailed on most of the peaks of the

text: Cordillera Blanca

text: , ranging in difficulty from

text: E to ES

text: , and the Huaraz Guide Association guides climbers of all levels to virtually any peak in the region.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: dry season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The climbing season coincides with the summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: coincides with the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The climbing season coincides with the summer in the northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: dry season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: May to September.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: the dry season spans from roughly May to September.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The climbing season coincides with the summer in the northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The climbing season coincides with the summer in the northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The climbing season coincides with the summer in the northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September.

text: Referencing the inherent qualities of a system in place of a reference state environment is the most direct way that ecologists determine the exergy of a natural resource. Specifically, it is easiest to examine the thermodynamic properties of a system, and the reference substances that are acceptable within the reference environment. This determination allows for the assumption of qualities in a natural state: deviation from these levels may indicate a change in the environment caused by outside sources. There are three kinds of reference substances that are acceptable, due to their proliferation on the planet: gases within the atmosphere, solids within the Earth’s crust, and molecules or ions in seawater. By understanding these basic models, it’s possible to determine the exergy of multiple earth systems interacting, like the effects of solar radiation on plant life. These basic categories are utilized as the main components of a reference environment when examining how exergy can be defined through natural resources.

text: Referencing the inherent qualities of a system in place of a reference state environment is the most direct way that ecologists determine the exergy of a natural resource. Specifically, it is easiest to examine the

text: thermodynamic

text: properties of a system, and the reference substances that are acceptable within the reference environment. This determination allows for the assumption of qualities in a natural state: deviation from these levels may indicate a change in the environment caused by outside sources. There are three kinds of reference substances that are acceptable, due to their proliferation on the planet: gases within the

text: atmosphere

text: , solids within the Earth’s crust, and

text: molecules

text: or

text: ions

text: in seawater. By understanding these basic models, it’s possible to determine the exergy of multiple earth systems interacting, like the effects of

text: solar radiation

text: on plant life. These basic categories are utilized as the main components of a reference environment when examining how exergy can be defined through natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: outside sources

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: a reference environment

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth’s crust

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation on plant life

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: deviation from these levels may indicate a change in the environment caused by outside sources

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: reference state

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: outside sources.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Referencing the inherent qualities

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: solar radiation on plant life.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: plant life.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation on plant life.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: This determination allows for the assumption of qualities in a natural state:

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Referencing the inherent qualities of a system

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: molecules or ions in seawater.

text: Climate engineering is a technogaian method that uses two categories of technologies- carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses a cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.

text: Climate engineering is a technogaian method that uses two categories of technologies-

text: carbon dioxide removal

text: and

text: solar radiation management

text: . Carbon dioxide removal addresses a cause of climate change by removing one of the

text: greenhouse gases

text: from the

text: atmosphere

text: . Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the

text: Earth

text: to absorb less

text: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate engineering

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth absorbs less solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth absorbs less solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: less solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth to absorb less solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Climate engineering

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Climate engineering

text: Callum Blue portrays Zod in season nine. Zod is first mentioned in season five's "Arrival", when two of his disciples arrive on Earth attempting to turn the planet into Kryptonian utopia. In the episode "Solitude", Brainiac attempts to release him from his Phantom Zone prison, where it is revealed that Clark's biological father Jor-El placed Zod's spirit after destroying his physical form. In the season five finale, Zod is successfully transferred into Lex Luthor's body, after Clark unknowingly releases him from the Phantom Zone. Clark eventually pulls Zod's spirit out of Lex's body using a Kryptonian crystal of his father's in the season six premiere. In the season eight finale, the Kryptonian purple orb, which was used in the season seven finale to destroy the Fortress of Solitude and remove Clark's powers, appears at the Luthor Mansion and releases Zod in physical form. In the season nine premiere, it is revealed that when Zod was released from the orb, he was also accompanied by hundreds of other Kryptonians, many of which were scattered across the globe. In addition, none of them were given the powers that typically accompany Kryptonians under the yellow Sun. Season nine episode "Kandor" reveals that the Kandorians are in fact clones created by Jor-El—at the orders of the Kryptonian Council—who also corrupted their DNA to prevent them from having powers and subsequently enslaving Earth. Eventually, Zod acquires his abilities when Clark saves Zod's life by healing a gunshot wound with his own blood in the episode "Conspiracy". Zod subsequently gives the rest of the Kandorians powers, using his blood to renew their lifeforce, and then wages a war on Earth in the season nine finale. Reluctant at first, Clark uses the Book of Rao to send all Kryptonians on Earth to another plane of existence where they can live in peace.

text: Callum Blue

text: portrays

text: Zod

text: in season nine. Zod is first mentioned in season five's "Arrival", when two of his disciples arrive on Earth attempting to turn the planet into Kryptonian

text: utopia

text: . In the episode "Solitude",

text: Brainiac

text: attempts to release him from his Phantom Zone prison, where it is revealed that Clark's biological father Jor-El placed Zod's spirit after destroying his physical form. In the season five finale, Zod is successfully transferred into Lex Luthor's body, after Clark unknowingly releases him from the Phantom Zone. Clark eventually pulls Zod's spirit out of Lex's body using a Kryptonian crystal of his father's in the season six premiere. In the season eight finale, the Kryptonian purple orb, which was used in the season seven finale to destroy the Fortress of Solitude and remove Clark's powers, appears at the Luthor Mansion and releases Zod in physical form. In the season nine premiere, it is revealed that when Zod was released from the orb, he was also accompanied by hundreds of other Kryptonians, many of which were scattered across the globe. In addition, none of them were given the powers that typically accompany Kryptonians under the yellow Sun. Season nine episode "Kandor" reveals that the Kandorians are in fact clones created by

text: Jor-El

text: —at the orders of the Kryptonian Council—who also corrupted their DNA to prevent them from having powers and subsequently enslaving Earth. Eventually, Zod acquires his abilities when Clark saves Zod's life by healing a gunshot wound with his own blood in the episode "Conspiracy". Zod subsequently gives the rest of the Kandorians powers, using his blood to renew their lifeforce, and then wages a war on Earth in the season nine finale. Reluctant at first, Clark uses the

text: Book of Rao

text: to send all Kryptonians on Earth to another plane of existence where they can live in peace.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to prevent them from having powers and subsequently enslaving Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Yellow Sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the season nine finale

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the yellow Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Solitude

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: When is the vernal equinox?

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: corrupted their DNA to prevent them from having powers

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: yellow Sun.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Zod

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: yellow Sun.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: yellow Sun.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: hundreds of other Kryptonians,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: none of them were given the powers

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: yellow Sun.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Kryptonians under the yellow Sun.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Zod

text: Their song "Ends of the Earth" is the track of end credits of Season 3 Episode 12 of the Showtime television series Shameless and of Season 2 Episode 6 of the FXX television series Man Seeking Woman. "Ends of the Earth" also appears in the films Endless Love and Walking With Dinosaurs, as well as at the season 6 finale of the TV show "Community (TV series)".

text: Their song "Ends of the Earth" is the track of end credits of Season 3 Episode 12 of the

text: Showtime

text: television series

text: Shameless

text: and of Season 2 Episode 6 of the

text: FXX

text: television series Man Seeking Woman. "Ends of the Earth" also appears in the films

text: Endless Love

text: and

text: Walking With Dinosaurs

text: , as well as at the season 6 finale of the TV show "

text: Community (TV series)

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Season 3 Episode 12

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Season 2 Episode 6 of the FXX television series Man Seeking Woman.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Ends of the Earth"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 6

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Walking With Dinosaurs,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: "Ends of the Earth"

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 12 of the Showtime television series Shameless

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 12

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 6

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Man Seeking Woman.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 12

text: Solar radiation (or sunlight) is the energy Earth receives from the Sun. Earth also emits radiation back into space, but at longer wavelengths that we cannot see. Part of the incoming and emitted radiation is absorbed or reflected by the atmosphere.

text: Solar

text: radiation

text: (or sunlight) is the energy Earth receives from the

text: Sun

text: . Earth also emits radiation back into space, but at longer wavelengths that we cannot see. Part of the incoming and emitted radiation is absorbed or reflected by the atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth receives less energy from the sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth receives solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar radiation (or sunlight) is the energy Earth receives from the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: absorbed or reflected by the atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth also emits radiation back into space, but at longer wavelengths

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: longer wavelengths

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Solar radiation

text: Editor of the Equinox Magical Journal, Debbie serves on the Board of Directors of the Atlanta Georgia chapter of the International Brotherhood of Magicians, and on the National Council of the Society of American Magicians.

text: Editor of the Equinox Magical Journal, Debbie serves on the Board of Directors of the Atlanta Georgia chapter of the International Brotherhood of Magicians, and on the National Council of the Society of American Magicians.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 21st

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Equinox Magical Journal

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: International Brotherhood of Magicians,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: International Brotherhood of Magicians,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Atlanta Georgia

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Atlanta Georgia

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Editor of the Equinox Magical Journal,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: International Brotherhood of Magicians,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: International Brotherhood of Magicians,

text: Note: The holidays do not fall on the actual day the season changes. The 19th of Ches is the Spring Equinox, the 20th of Kythorn is the Summer Solstice, the 21st of Elient is the Autumn Equinox and the 20th of Nightal is the Winter Solstice.

text: Note: The holidays do not fall on the actual day the season changes. The 19th of Ches is the Spring Equinox, the 20th of Kythorn is the Summer Solstice, the 21st of Elient is the Autumn Equinox and the 20th of Nightal is the Winter Solstice.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter Solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 20th of Nightal

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the holidays do not fall on the actual day the season changes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter Solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Spring Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Spring Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the 20th of Kythorn is the Summer Solstice,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The holidays do not fall on the actual day the season changes.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Summer Solstice,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 20th of Nightal

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The holidays do not fall on the actual day the season changes.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Spring Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the 20th of Nightal is the Winter Solstice.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: the 21st of Elient is the Autumn Equinox

text: During the Northern Hemisphere summer season the MJO-related effects on the Indian and West African summer monsoon are well documented. MJO-related effects on the North American summer monsoon also occur, though they are relatively weaker.  MJO-related impacts on the North American summer precipitation patterns are strongly linked to meridional (i.e. north–south) adjustments of the precipitation pattern in the eastern tropical Pacific. A strong relationship between the leading mode of intraseasonal variability of the North American Monsoon System, the MJO and the points of origin of tropical cyclones is also present.

text: During the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: summer season the MJO-related effects on the Indian and West African summer

text: monsoon

text: are well documented. MJO-related effects on the North American summer monsoon also occur, though they are relatively weaker.  MJO-related impacts on the North American summer precipitation patterns are strongly linked to meridional (i.e. north–south) adjustments of the precipitation pattern in the eastern tropical Pacific. A strong relationship between the leading

text: mode of intraseasonal variability

text: of the North American Monsoon System, the MJO and the points of origin of tropical cyclones is also present.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: north–south adjustments of the precipitation pattern in the eastern tropical Pacific

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: MJO-related effects on the North American summer monsoon also occur

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: north–south

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: points of origin of tropical cyclones

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: meridional

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: During the Northern Hemisphere summer season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere summer season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: relatively weaker.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: During the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: During the Northern Hemisphere summer season

text: The first CLOUD experiments showed that sulphuric acid (derived from sulphur dioxide, for which fossil fuels are the predominant source) as such has a much smaller effect than had been assumed. In 2014, CLOUD researchers presented newer experimental results showing an interaction between oxidised biogenic vapours (e.g., alpha-pinene emitted by trees) and sulphuric acid. Ions produced in the atmosphere by galactic cosmic rays enhance the formation rate of these particles significantly, provided the concentrations of sulphuric acid and oxidised organic vapours are quite low. This new process may account for seasonal variations in atmospheric aerosol particles, which are being related to higher global tree emissions in the northern hemisphere summer.

text: The first CLOUD experiments showed that sulphuric acid (derived from sulphur dioxide, for which fossil fuels are the predominant source) as such has a much smaller effect than had been assumed. In 2014, CLOUD researchers presented newer experimental results showing an interaction between oxidised biogenic vapours (e.g., alpha-pinene emitted by trees) and sulphuric acid. Ions produced in the atmosphere by galactic cosmic rays enhance the formation rate of these particles significantly, provided the concentrations of sulphuric acid and oxidised organic vapours are quite low. This new process may account for seasonal variations in atmospheric aerosol particles, which are being related to higher global tree emissions in the northern hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: higher global tree emissions in the northern hemisphere summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seasonal variations in atmospheric aerosol particles

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal variations in atmospheric aerosol particles

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: higher global tree emissions in the northern hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: higher global tree emissions in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: higher global tree emissions in the northern hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: higher global tree emissions in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer.

text: The storm petrel nests in crevices and burrows, sometimes shared with other seabirds or rabbits, and lays a single white egg, usually on bare soil. The adults share the lengthy incubation and both feed the chick, which is not normally brooded after the first week. This bird is strongly migratory, spending the northern hemisphere winter mainly off the coasts of South Africa and Namibia, with some birds stopping in the seas adjoining West Africa, and a few remaining near their Mediterranean breeding islands. This petrel is strictly oceanic outside the breeding season. It feeds on small fish, squid and zooplankton while pattering on the sea's surface, and can find oily edible items by smell. The food is converted in the bird's stomach to an oily orange liquid which is regurgitated when the chick is fed. Although usually silent at sea, the storm petrel has a chattering call given by both members of a pair in their courtship flight, and the male has a purring song given from the breeding chamber.

text: The storm petrel nests in crevices and burrows, sometimes shared with other seabirds or rabbits, and lays a single white egg, usually on bare soil. The adults share the lengthy

text: incubation

text: and both feed the chick, which is not normally brooded after the first week. This bird is strongly

text: migratory

text: , spending the

text: northern hemisphere

text: winter mainly off the coasts of South Africa and Namibia, with some birds stopping in the seas adjoining West Africa, and a few remaining near their Mediterranean breeding islands. This petrel is strictly oceanic outside the breeding season. It feeds on small fish, squid and

text: zooplankton

text: while pattering on the sea's surface, and can find oily edible items by smell. The food is converted in the bird's stomach to an oily orange liquid which is regurgitated when the chick is fed. Although usually silent at sea, the storm petrel has a chattering call given by both members of a pair in their courtship flight, and the male has a purring song given from the breeding chamber.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: migratory

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: spending the northern hemisphere winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: breeding season.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: South Africa and Namibia,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: mainly off the coasts of South Africa and Namibia,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: mainly off the coasts of South Africa and Namibia,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter

text: The oceans cover almost two-third of the surface of the earth and capture a majority of the solar energy that reaches the earth. Especially in tropical regions, solar energy is absorbed by the ocean and stored as heat. The balance between the incoming solar radiation and the heat loss due to evaporation and convection accounts for a constant temperature of the oceanic surface water. 				As depth increases, the ocean water becomes colder, due to the accumulation of ice-cold water that has melted from the polar regions. Because of its higher density, this cold water flows along the bottom of the ocean from the poles towards the equator, displacing the lower-density water above. These two phenomena provide for a layered oceanic structure in deep, tropical oceans with a reservoir of warm water at the surface and a reservoir of cold water deeper in the ocean. The temperature difference between these layers varies between 22 °C and 25 °C. Until today this vast sustainable energy reservoir remains largely unused.

text: The oceans cover almost two-third of the surface of the earth and capture a majority of the solar energy that reaches the earth. Especially in tropical regions, solar energy is absorbed by the ocean and stored as heat. The balance between the incoming solar radiation and the heat loss due to evaporation and convection accounts for a constant temperature of the oceanic surface water. 				As depth increases, the ocean water becomes colder, due to the accumulation of ice-cold water that has melted from the polar regions. Because of its higher density, this cold water flows along the bottom of the ocean from the poles towards the equator, displacing the lower-density water above. These two phenomena provide for a layered oceanic structure in deep, tropical oceans with a reservoir of warm water at the surface and a reservoir of cold water deeper in the ocean. The temperature difference between these layers varies between 22 °C and 25 °C. Until today this vast sustainable energy reservoir remains largely unused.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the accumulation of ice-cold water that has melted from the polar regions

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: as depth increases, the ocean water becomes colder

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: temperature difference between these layers varies between 22 °C and 25 °C

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: ice-cold water that has melted from the polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: tropical regions, solar energy is absorbed by the ocean and stored as heat.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: As depth increases, the ocean water becomes colder,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical regions,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The oceans

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: ice-cold water that has melted from the polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Because of its higher density,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equator,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The oceans cover almost two-third of the surface of the earth

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 22 °C and 25 °C.

text: The relative increase in solar irradiation at closest approach to the Sun (perihelion) compared to the irradiation at the furthest distance (aphelion) is slightly larger than four times the eccentricity. For Earth's current orbital eccentricity, incoming solar radiation varies by about 6.8%, while the distance from the Sun currently varies by only 3.4% (5.1 million km). Perihelion presently occurs around January 3, while aphelion is around July 4. When the orbit is at its most eccentric, the amount of solar radiation at perihelion will be about 23% more than at aphelion. However, the Earth's eccentricity is always so small that the variation in solar irradiation is a minor factor in seasonal climate variation, compared to axial tilt and even compared to the relative ease of heating the larger land masses of the northern hemisphere.

text: The relative increase in solar irradiation at closest approach to the Sun (

text: perihelion

text: ) compared to the irradiation at the furthest distance (

text: aphelion

text: ) is slightly larger than four times the eccentricity. For Earth's current orbital eccentricity, incoming solar radiation varies by about 6.8%, while the distance from the Sun currently varies by only 3.4% (5.1 million

text: km

text: ). Perihelion presently occurs around January 3, while aphelion is around July 4. When the orbit is at its most eccentric, the amount of solar radiation at perihelion will be about 23% more than at aphelion. However, the Earth's eccentricity is always so small that the variation in solar irradiation is a minor factor in

text: season

text: al climate variation, compared to axial tilt and even compared to the relative ease of heating the larger land masses of the northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the variation in solar irradiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Perihelion presently occurs around January 3,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: perigelion presently occurs around January 3

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Aphelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (perihelion)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: July 4.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (aphelion)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (perihelion)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Perihelion presently occurs around January 3,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: January 3, while aphelion is around July 4.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: July 4.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: January 3, while aphelion is around July 4.

text: The short summer series (five weekends in five weeks, all in January and February) during the Southern Hemisphere summer has made the series attractive to drivers from the Northern Hemisphere, as the series takes place during the off-season.  The 2015 season had a driver from Canada win the championship, and drivers from both Europe and the Americas actively participate in the series, as it allows them to develop their skills during the off-season.

text: The short summer series (five weekends in five weeks, all in January and February) during the Southern Hemisphere summer has made the series attractive to drivers from the Northern Hemisphere, as the series takes place during the off-season.  The 2015 season had a driver from Canada win the championship, and drivers from both Europe and the Americas actively participate in the series, as it allows them to develop their skills during the off-season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the series takes place during the off-season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January and February

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: it allows them to develop their skills during the off-season.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: off-season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January and February)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: January and February)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: January and February) during the Southern Hemisphere summer

text: "A Letter to Her Husband, Absent Upon Public Employment" is another one of Anne Bradstreet's poems written with several poetic devices, one being her use of metaphors. In this poem she addresses her husband by an arrangement of metaphors, and the main one being the sun. She states "I, like the earth this season, mourn in black." She likens herself to the earth in winter, as she expresses a death "in black" the receding light and feeling "chilled" without him to warm her when she states "My chilled limbs now numbed lie forlorn." She goes on to talk about her children as reminders and she quotes "those fruits which through thy heat I bore." With her husband "southward gone" she discovers the short winter days to be long and tedious. Bradstreet continues to express her sun metaphor into the future as to when he returns, the season will be summer as she quotes "I wish my Sun may never set, but burn/ Within the Cancer of my glowing breast."

text: "A Letter to Her Husband, Absent Upon Public Employment" is another one of Anne Bradstreet's poems written with several poetic devices, one being her use of metaphors. In this poem she addresses her husband by an arrangement of metaphors, and the main one being the sun. She states "I, like the earth this season, mourn in black." She likens herself to the earth in winter, as she expresses a death "in black" the receding light and feeling "chilled" without him to warm her when she states "My chilled limbs now numbed lie forlorn." She goes on to talk about her children as reminders and she quotes "those fruits which through thy heat I bore." With her husband "southward gone" she discovers the short winter days to be long and tedious. Bradstreet continues to express her sun metaphor into the future as to when he returns, the season will be summer as she quotes "I wish my Sun may never set, but burn/ Within the Cancer of my glowing breast."

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter days to be long and tedious

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southward

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the season will be summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Cancer of my glowing breast."

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: short winter days to be long and tedious.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the season will be summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: sun.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer

text: As well as deflecting the solar wind, the Earth's magnetic field deflects cosmic rays, high-energy charged particles that are mostly from outside the Solar system. (Many cosmic rays are kept out of the Solar system by the Sun's magnetosphere, or heliosphere.) By contrast, astronauts on the Moon risk exposure to radiation. Anyone who had been on the Moon's surface during a particularly violent solar eruption in 2005 would have received a lethal dose.

text: As well as deflecting the solar wind, the Earth's magnetic field deflects

text: cosmic ray

text: s, high-energy charged particles that are mostly from outside the

text: Solar system

text: . (Many cosmic rays are kept out of the Solar system by the Sun's magnetosphere, or

text: heliosphere

text: .) By contrast, astronauts on the Moon risk exposure to radiation. Anyone who had been on the Moon's surface during a particularly violent solar eruption in 2005 would have received a lethal dose.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cosmic rays

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cosmic rays

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Earth's magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar wind,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar wind,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: As well as deflecting the solar wind,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Moon

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth's magnetic field deflects cosmic rays,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: As well as deflecting the solar wind,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's magnetic field deflects cosmic rays,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the Earth's magnetic field deflects cosmic rays,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: As well as deflecting the solar wind,

text: Napoleon's mother's name was Letizia. The mother of Apollo was named Leto. Moreover, the name Letizia comes from the Latin word for joy, "and does not the dawn's light spread joy in nature when it opens the portals of the East to the sun?" (Sonnenfeld p 33). The three sisters of Napoleon could be seen as corresponding to the Three Graces of the court of Apollo. Napoleon's four brothers could be understood as the four seasons. Just as three of the seasons are kings (spring rules the flowers, summer the harvest, and autumn the fruit) dependent on the power of the sun, three of Napoleon's brothers reigned only thanks to his power. After the end of Napoleon's reign, the fourth brother is said to have received a principality near Canino, the name of which is derived from cani, "denoting the white hair of old age" (Sonnenfeld p 34). Napoleon's two wives are the barren moon (Joséphine) and the fertile earth (Marie Louise). His son was born on March 20, at the time of the vernal equinox.

text: Napoleon's mother's name was Letizia. The mother of Apollo was named

text: Leto

text: . Moreover, the name Letizia comes from the Latin word for joy, "and does not the dawn's light spread joy in nature when it opens the portals of the East to the sun?" (Sonnenfeld p 33). The three sisters of Napoleon could be seen as corresponding to the

text: Three Graces

text: of the court of Apollo. Napoleon's four brothers could be understood as the four seasons. Just as three of the seasons are kings (spring rules the flowers, summer the harvest, and autumn the fruit) dependent on the power of the sun, three of Napoleon's brothers reigned only thanks to his power. After the end of Napoleon's reign, the fourth brother is said to have received a principality near

text: Canino

text: , the name of which is derived from cani, "denoting the white hair of old age" (Sonnenfeld p 34). Napoleon's two wives are the barren moon (

text: Joséphine

text: ) and the fertile earth (

text: Marie Louise

text: ). His son was born on March 20, at the time of the

text: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: dependent on the power of the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: fertile earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: vernal

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: dependent on the power of the sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: harvest,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Canino,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: autumn the fruit)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March 20,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March 20,

text: In Scandinavia, winter in one tradition begins on 14 October and ends on the last day of February. In Russia, currently calendar winter starts on 1 December and lasts through to the end of February, though traditionally it was reckoned from the Christmas (25 December in Julian calendar, or 7 January in Gregorian) until the Annunciation (25 March in Julian). In many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, including Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, winter begins on 1 June and ends on 31 August. In Celtic nations such as Ireland (using the Irish calendar) and in Scandinavia, the winter solstice is traditionally considered as midwinter, with the winter season beginning 1 November, on All Hallows, or Samhain. Winter ends and spring begins on Imbolc, or Candlemas, which is 1 or 2 February. This system of seasons is based on the length of days exclusively. (The three-month period of the shortest days and weakest solar radiation occurs during November, December and January in the Northern Hemisphere and May, June and July in the Southern Hemisphere.)

text: In Scandinavia, winter in one tradition begins on 14 October and ends on the last day of February. In Russia, currently calendar winter starts on 1 December and lasts through to the end of February, though traditionally it was reckoned from the

text: Christmas

text: (25 December in

text: Julian calendar

text: , or 7 January in Gregorian) until the

text: Annunciation

text: (25 March in Julian). In many countries in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , including Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, winter begins on 1 June and ends on 31 August. In

text: Celtic nations

text: such as Ireland (using the

text: Irish calendar

text: ) and in Scandinavia, the winter solstice is traditionally considered as midwinter, with the winter season beginning 1 November, on

text: All Hallows

text: , or

text: Samhain

text: . Winter ends and spring begins on

text: Imbolc

text: , or

text: Candlemas

text: , which is 1 or 2 February. This system of seasons is based on the length of days exclusively. (The three-month period of the shortest days and weakest solar radiation occurs during November, December and January in the Northern Hemisphere and May, June and July in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the length of days exclusively

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the winter solstice is traditionally considered as midwinter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this system of seasons is based on the length of days exclusively

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: length of days

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: May, June and July in the Southern Hemisphere.)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: May, June and July in the Southern Hemisphere.)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: midwinter,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (The three-month period of the shortest days and weakest solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 14 October and ends on the last day of February.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Imbolc, or Candlemas,

text: Lyra (; Latin for lyre, from Greek λύρα) is a small constellation. It is one of 48 listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy, and is one of the 88 constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union. Lyra was often represented on star maps as a vulture or an eagle carrying a lyre, and hence sometimes referred to as Aquila Cadens or Vultur Cadens. Beginning at the north, Lyra is bordered by Draco, Hercules, Vulpecula, and Cygnus. Lyra is visible from the northern hemisphere from spring through autumn, and nearly overhead, in temperate latitudes, during the summer months. From the southern hemisphere, it is visible low in the northern sky during the winter months.

text: Lyra (;

text: Latin

text: for

text: lyre

text: , from

text: Greek

text: λύρα) is a small

text: constellation

text: . It is one of 48 listed by the 2nd century astronomer

text: Ptolemy

text: , and is one of the 88 constellations recognized by the

text: International Astronomical Union

text: . Lyra was often represented on star maps as a

text: vulture

text: or an

text: eagle

text: carrying a lyre, and hence sometimes referred to as Aquila Cadens or Vultur Cadens. Beginning at the north, Lyra is bordered by

text: Draco

text: Hercules

text: Vulpecula

text: , and

text: Cygnus

text: . Lyra is visible from the northern hemisphere from spring through autumn, and nearly overhead, in temperate latitudes, during the summer months. From the southern hemisphere, it is visible low in the northern sky during the winter months.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: it is visible low in the northern sky during the winter months

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is visible low in the northern sky during the winter months

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: temperate latitudes,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: nearly overhead, in temperate latitudes,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: nearly overhead, in temperate latitudes,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: temperate latitudes,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: it is visible low in the northern sky

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: nearly overhead, in temperate latitudes,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer months.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Lyra

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn,

text: The energy from the incoming electromagnetic radiation is basically converted into heat. Thus it is the most important base for the thermal budget. Relevant for the TCS is the direct solar radiation, the reflected solar radiation from the earth/moon and the infrared radiation of the earth/moon. Therefore it is very important to know the chronological sequence and the orbital parameters because these parameters will all be considered and processed in our thermal analysis.All influences have to be combined with the temperature range of the electrical parts in the spacecraft. Precisely because we are using commercial off-the-shelf-products, it is indispensable to hold the satellite in an "earth like" environment. Therefore we are using some several insulation techniques like foils, coatings and so on to get the satellite in this marginal temperature range as well as to guarantee a good environment for micro controllers, sensors and the payload.

text: The energy from the incoming electromagnetic radiation is basically converted into heat. Thus it is the most important base for the thermal budget. Relevant for the TCS is the direct solar radiation, the reflected solar radiation from the earth/moon and the infrared radiation of the earth/moon. Therefore it is very important to know the chronological sequence and the orbital parameters because these parameters will all be considered and processed in our thermal analysis.All influences have to be combined with the temperature range of the electrical parts in the spacecraft. Precisely because we are using commercial off-the-shelf-products, it is indispensable to hold the satellite in an "earth like" environment. Therefore we are using some several insulation techniques like foils, coatings and so on to get the satellite in this marginal temperature range as well as to guarantee a good environment for micro controllers, sensors and the payload.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the direct solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth/moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: infrared radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is very important to know the chronological sequence

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: direct solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: reflected solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The energy from the incoming electromagnetic radiation is basically converted into heat.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: "earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: earth/moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The energy from the incoming electromagnetic radiation is basically converted into heat.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar radiation, the reflected solar radiation from the earth/moon

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The energy from the incoming electromagnetic radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: chronological sequence and the orbital parameters

text: From an astronomical view, the equinoxes and solstices would be the middle of the respective seasons, but sometimes astronomical summer is defined as starting at the solstice, the time of maximal insolation, or on the traditional date of June 21. A variable seasonal lag means that the meteorological center of the season, which is based on average temperature patterns, occurs several weeks after the time of maximal insolation. According to meteorologists, summer extends for the whole months of June, July, and August in the northern hemisphere and the whole months of December, January, and February in the southern hemisphere. Under meteorological definitions, all seasons are arbitrarily set to start at the beginning of a calendar month and end at the end of a month. This meteorological definition of summer also aligns with the commonly viewed notion of summer as the season with the longest (and warmest) days of the year, in which daylight predominates. The meteorological reckoning of seasons is used in Australia, Austria, Denmark, the former Soviet Union and Japan. It is also used by many in the United Kingdom. In Ireland, the summer months according to the national meteorological service, Met Éireann, are June, July and August. However, according to the Irish Calendar, summer begins on 1 May and ends on 1 August. School textbooks in Ireland follow the cultural norm of summer commencing on 1 May rather than the meteorological definition of 1 June.

text: From an astronomical view, the

text: equinox

text: es and solstices would be the middle of the respective seasons, but sometimes astronomical summer is defined as starting at the solstice, the time of maximal

text: insolation

text: , or on the traditional date of June 21. A variable

text: seasonal lag

text: means that the

text: meteorological

text: center of the season, which is based on average temperature patterns, occurs several weeks after the time of maximal insolation. According to meteorologists, summer extends for the whole months of June, July, and August in the northern hemisphere and the whole months of December, January, and February in the southern hemisphere. Under meteorological definitions, all seasons are arbitrarily set to start at the beginning of a calendar month and end at the end of a month. This meteorological definition of summer also aligns with the commonly viewed notion of summer as the season with the longest (and warmest) days of the year, in which daylight predominates. The meteorological reckoning of seasons is used in

text: Australia

text: Austria

text: Denmark

text: , the former

text: Soviet Union

text: and

text: Japan

text: . It is also used by many in the

text: United Kingdom

text: . In

text: Ireland

text: , the summer months according to the national meteorological service,

text: Met Éireann

text: , are June, July and August. However, according to the

text: Irish Calendar

text: , summer begins on 1 May and ends on 1 August. School textbooks in Ireland follow the cultural norm of summer commencing on 1 May rather than the meteorological definition of 1 June.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the equinoxes and solstices

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December, January, and February

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the middle of the respective seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: average temperature patterns,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: daylight predominates.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: daylight predominates.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December, January, and February

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the middle of the respective seasons,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: December, January, and February in the southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: June 21.

text: Scientific ephemerides for sky observers mostly contain the positions of celestial bodies in right ascension and declination, because these coordinates are the most frequently used on star maps and telescopes. The equinox of the coordinate system must be given. It is, in nearly all cases, either the actual equinox (the equinox valid for that moment, often referred to as "of date" or "current"), or that of one of the "standard" equinoxes, typically J2000.0, B1950.0, or J1900. Star maps almost always use one of the standard equinoxes.

text: Scientific ephemerides for sky observers mostly contain the positions of celestial bodies in

text: right ascension

text: and

text: declination

text: , because these coordinates are the most frequently used on star maps and telescopes. The

text: equinox

text: of the coordinate system must be given. It is, in nearly all cases, either the actual equinox (the equinox valid for that moment, often referred to as "of date" or "current"), or that of one of the "standard" equinoxes, typically

text: , or J1900. Star maps almost always use one of the standard equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: declination

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: declination

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: declination

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is, in nearly all cases, either the actual equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: declination

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: positions of celestial bodies in right ascension

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: declination,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: declination,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: either the actual equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: The equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: J2000.0, B1950.0, or J1900.

text: The climate of Swaziland varies from tropical to near temperate.The seasons are the reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere with December being mid-summer and June mid-winter. Generally speaking, rain falls mostly during the summer months, often in the form of thunderstorms. Winter is the dry season. Annual rainfall is highest on the Highveld in the West, between  depending on the year. The further East, the less rain, with the Lowveld recording  per annum. Variations in temperature are also related to the altitude of the different regions. The Highveld temperature is temperate and, seldom, uncomfortably hot while the Lowveld may record temperatures around  in summer.

text: The climate of Swaziland varies from

text: tropical

text: to near

text: temperate

text: .The seasons are the reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere with December being mid-summer and June mid-winter. Generally speaking, rain falls mostly during the summer months, often in the form of thunderstorms. Winter is the dry season. Annual rainfall is highest on the Highveld in the West, between  depending on the year. The further East, the less rain, with the Lowveld recording  per annum. Variations in temperature are also related to the altitude of the different regions. The Highveld temperature is temperate and, seldom, uncomfortably hot while the Lowveld may record temperatures around  in summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Generally speaking, rain falls mostly during the summer months, often in the form of thunderstorms

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Highveld

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: June

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: December being mid-summer and June mid-winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: rain falls mostly during the summer months, often in the form of thunderstorms.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter is the dry season.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Generally speaking, rain falls mostly during the summer months,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Lowveld

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Highveld in the West,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Winter is the dry season.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: December

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December being mid-summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: temperate.The seasons are the reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December being mid-summer

text: February is the third month of meteorological winter in the Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, February is the last month of summer (the seasonal equivalent of August in the Northern Hemisphere, in meteorological reckoning).

text: February is the third month of

text: meteorological winter

text: in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: . In the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , February is the last month of summer (the seasonal equivalent of

text: August

text: in the Northern Hemisphere, in meteorological reckoning).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: meteorological reckoning).

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: February is the last month of summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: August

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: February is the third month of meteorological winter

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: February

text: Seasonal change is driven by Saturn's year: it takes Saturn about 29.5 Earth years to orbit the sun, exposing different amounts of sunlight to Titan's northern and southern hemispheres during different parts of the Saturnian year.  Seasonal weather changes include larger hydrocarbon lakes in the northern hemisphere during the winter, decreased haze around the equinoxes due to changing atmospheric circulation, and associated ice clouds in the South Polar regions.  The last equinox occurred on August 11, 2009; this was the spring equinox for the northern hemisphere, meaning the southern hemisphere is getting less sunlight and moving into winter.

text: Seasonal change is driven by Saturn's year: it takes Saturn about 29.5 Earth years to orbit the sun, exposing different amounts of sunlight to Titan's northern and southern hemispheres during different parts of the Saturnian year.  Seasonal weather changes include larger hydrocarbon lakes in the northern hemisphere during the winter, decreased haze around the equinoxes due to changing atmospheric circulation, and associated ice clouds in the South Polar regions.  The last equinox occurred on August 11, 2009; this was the spring equinox for the northern hemisphere, meaning the southern hemisphere is getting less sunlight and moving into winter.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Saturn's year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: larger hydrocarbon lakes in the northern hemisphere during the winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the southern hemisphere is getting less sunlight and moving into winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Saturn's year:

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the southern hemisphere is getting less sunlight and moving into winter.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Titan's northern and southern hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern and southern hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: larger hydrocarbon lakes in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the southern hemisphere is getting less sunlight and moving into winter.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Seasonal change is driven by Saturn's year:

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring equinox for the northern hemisphere,

text: where β is the solar altitude angle, which is basically the angle the sun appears to be above the horizon from wherever the solar irradiation is to be calculated, and C is a dimensionless ratio equal to anywhere between 0.103 and 0.138 depending on what day of the year it is where the irradiation is to be calculated. The specific day helps determine for the equation where along Earth’s orbit the location being measured is. With this calculation, it is easier to realize just how much the sun’s solar radiation contributes to Earth’s climate as a whole.

text: where β is the solar altitude angle, which is basically the angle the sun appears to be above the horizon from wherever the solar irradiation is to be calculated, and C is a dimensionless ratio equal to anywhere between 0.103 and 0.138 depending on what day of the year it is where the irradiation is to be calculated. The specific day helps determine for the equation where along Earth’s orbit the location being measured is. With this calculation, it is easier to realize just how much the sun’s solar radiation contributes to Earth’s climate as a whole.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth’s orbit

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth’s orbit

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the sun appears to be above the horizon

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth’s orbit the location being measured is

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: sun’s solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar altitude angle,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 0.103 and 0.138

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 0.103 and 0.138

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solar altitude angle,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 0.103 and 0.138

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The specific day

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: C is a dimensionless ratio

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: <unk> is the solar altitude angle,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 0.103 and 0.138

text: 1958 CFL season | 1959 CFL season

text: 1958 CFL season

text: 1959 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: they were in the same year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1959 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The same amount of sunlight

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the southernmost part

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1959

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it does not change

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earths axis of rotation is pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from Polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 1958

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1958

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1958 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1958

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 1958

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1958 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 1958

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1958

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1958 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1958

text: On September 19, 2010, at Through Savage Progress Cuts the Jungle Line Equinox, Helios and Jigsaw faced the UnStable in a six-man tag team match. During the match Colin Delaney turned on Vin Gerard and STIGMA, after which Gerard got his team disqualified by low blowing the former Olsen Twins. After the match Olsen and Delaney re–formed their tag team, with Olsen dropping the Equinox gimmick during a post–match hug with Delaney. On October 24, in the first match between the Olsen Twins and the UnStable, Vin Gerard picked up the victory for his team by forcing Delaney Olsen to submit. The two teams had a rematch on November 21, this time with the Olsen Twins coming out victorious.

text: On September 19, 2010, at Through Savage Progress Cuts the Jungle Line Equinox, Helios and Jigsaw faced the UnStable in a six-man tag team match. During the match Colin Delaney turned on Vin Gerard and STIGMA, after which Gerard got his team disqualified by low blowing the former Olsen Twins. After the match Olsen and Delaney re–formed their tag team, with Olsen dropping the Equinox gimmick during a post–match hug with Delaney. On October 24, in the first match between the Olsen Twins and the UnStable, Vin Gerard picked up the victory for his team by forcing Delaney Olsen to submit. The two teams had a rematch on November 21, this time with the Olsen Twins coming out victorious.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Olsen and Delaney re–formed their tag team

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 21

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Olsen and Delaney re–formed their tag team

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earths axis of rotation is pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from Polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Vin Gerard picked up the victory for his team

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: September 19, 2010,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Through Savage Progress Cuts the Jungle Line Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 21,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: six-man tag team match.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Through Savage Progress Cuts the Jungle Line Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September 19, 2010,

text: 1970 CFL season | 1971 CFL season | 1972 CFL season | 1973 CFL season | 1974 CFL season | 1975 CFL season | 1976 CFL season | 1977 CFL season | 1978 CFL season | 1979 CFL season

text: 1970 CFL season

text: 1971 CFL season

text: 1972 CFL season

text: 1973 CFL season

text: 1974 CFL season

text: 1975 CFL season

text: 1976 CFL season

text: 1977 CFL season

text: 1978 CFL season

text: 1979 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cfl is a football league

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: the winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: During the winter, we experience longer days.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It does not.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1975

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polaris

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 1970 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1975 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1970 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1970 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 1970

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1970 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 1973

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1975

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1970 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1970

text: It is not known how long the Nisan 14 practice continued. But both those who followed the Nisan 14 custom, and those who set Easter to the following Sunday had in common the custom of consulting their Jewish neighbors to learn when the month of Nisan would fall, and setting their festival accordingly. By the later 3rd century, however, some Christians began to express dissatisfaction with the custom of relying on the Jewish community to determine the date of Easter. The chief complaint was that the Jewish communities sometimes erred in setting Passover to fall before the Northern Hemisphere spring equinox. The Sardica paschal table confirms these complaints, for it indicates that the Jews of some eastern Mediterranean city (possibly Antioch) fixed Nisan 14 on dates well before the spring equinox on multiple occasions.

text: It is not known how long the Nisan 14 practice continued. But both those who followed the Nisan 14 custom, and those who set Easter to the following Sunday had in common the custom of consulting their Jewish neighbors to learn when the month of Nisan would fall, and setting their festival accordingly. By the later 3rd century, however, some Christians began to express dissatisfaction with the custom of relying on the Jewish community to determine the date of Easter. The chief complaint was that the Jewish communities sometimes erred in setting Passover to fall before the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: spring equinox. The

text: Sardica paschal table

text: confirms these complaints, for it indicates that the Jews of some eastern Mediterranean city (possibly

text: Antioch

text: ) fixed Nisan 14 on dates well before the spring equinox on multiple occasions.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Hemisphere spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: spring equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring equinox.

text: The company formed after a merger between Equinox and Equinox Resources in January, 2004, and was incorporated the same month as a Canadian company.  It began operations in Zambia in 1996.Prior to being acquired by Equinox in 1999 at least 10 different companies failed in their attempts to develop the Lumwana project, which covers 2 major copper mines and 1355 km squared in area.In 2010 Equinox was involved in a couple major transactions; first it acquired the Jabal Sayid copper-gold-silver project 350 km from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, capable of producing 2.6 million tons of ore per year starting in 2012.  In February it launched a $4.8 billion hostile takeover bid for copper producer Lundin Mining, at the same time Lundin was attempting its own takeover ($9 billion Inmet Mining merger which would result in the creation of Symterra Corp). (As of April 2011 none of those deals have been finalized, combination with Lundin Mining would raise Equinox production growth rate 23%).  In April 2011, Equinox rejected a takeover offer by China Minmetals, but later accepted a bid by Barrick Gold.On April 25, 2011, Barrick Gold Corporation announced the acquisition of Equinox for $7.69 billion.

text: The company formed after a merger between Equinox and Equinox Resources in January, 2004, and was incorporated the same month as a Canadian company.  It began operations in Zambia in 1996.Prior to being acquired by Equinox in 1999 at least 10 different companies failed in their attempts to develop the Lumwana project, which covers 2 major copper mines and 1355 km squared in area.In 2010 Equinox was involved in a couple major transactions; first it acquired the Jabal Sayid copper-gold-silver project 350 km from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, capable of producing 2.6 million tons of ore per year starting in 2012.  In February it launched a $4.8 billion hostile takeover bid for copper producer Lundin Mining, at the same time Lundin was attempting its own takeover ($9 billion Inmet Mining merger which would result in the creation of Symterra Corp). (As of April 2011 none of those deals have been finalized, combination with Lundin Mining would raise Equinox production growth rate 23%).  In April 2011, Equinox rejected a takeover offer by

text: China Minmetals

text: , but later accepted a bid by

text: Barrick Gold

text: .On April 25, 2011, Barrick Gold Corporation announced the acquisition of Equinox for $7.69 billion.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The company formed after a merger between Equinox and Equinox Resources

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: It began operations in Zambia in 1996

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 2.6 million tons of ore per year starting in 2012.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2004,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2004,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Lumwana project,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2004,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: It began operations in Zambia in 1996.Prior

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2004,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2004,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2004,

text: September in the Northern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of March in the Southern Hemisphere.In the Northern hemisphere, the beginning of the meteorological autumn is on 1 September. In the Southern hemisphere, the beginning of the meteorological spring is on 1 September.

text: September in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: is the seasonal equivalent of

text: March

text: in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: .In the Northern hemisphere, the beginning of the meteorological

text: autumn

text: is on 1 September. In the Southern hemisphere, the beginning of the meteorological

text: spring

text: is on 1 September.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: meteorological

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the Southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the Southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: meteorological autumn

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere.In

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: In the Southern hemisphere, the beginning of the meteorological spring

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: March in the Southern Hemisphere.In

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September in the Northern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of March

text: In season three (2000–01), after being detained "Up There" for a month, Piper and Leo are told by The Elders to end their relationship or Leo will no longer be the sisters' whitelighter. Leo subsequently proposes marriage to Piper claiming that once married The Elders will not have the power to break them apart. Leo and Piper attempt to wed in secret during a solar eclipse, a phenomenon which prevents those "Up There" from looking down on Earth, but are caught in the act when The Elders are informed of the wedding by The Triad (who have replaced The Council), who in turn learned of the wedding through their demonic spy Cole Turner (Julian McMahon). Leo is taken into captivity by The Elders as punishment for breaking their rules and Piper is left heartbroken. After Piper makes the choice to continue to protect innocents despite losing Leo, The Elders return Leo to Earth. The Elders allow the couple to prove that their relationship will not interfere with their greater calling. Leo and Piper are finally allowed to wed in mid-season three. Piper and her sisters eventually learn that The Triad work for an even greater evil, The Source of All Evil who is the leader of the demonic realm known as The Underworld. Before the season's end, Piper acquires her second magical ability, the power to cause explosions. During the season three finale, Prue and Piper unwittingly expose themselves as witches to the world after being caught on camera by a local news crew fighting with The Source's personal assassin Shax. In the aftermath of the exposure, Piper is shot by a crazed Wiccan fanatic who wanted to join the sisters' coven and dies in the arms of Prue. In order to save her sister's life, Prue orders Leo to find Phoebe and pass on a deal to The Source to turn back time. This would reset the exposure of magic and save Piper's life. The Source agrees, knowing that he plans to double cross her in the end as Phoebe will be immune to the time reset while in The Underworld. In the end Phoebe will not be able to warn her sisters' of the assassin attack and he will kill her himself. Time is reversed to the sisters' first encounter with Shax, however Phoebe no longer answers when Prue calls for help, as she was never sent back. The season ends on a cliffhanger with Piper and Prue left for dead after losing in the fight against Shax. Meanwhile, Phoebe remains trapped in The Underworld.

text: In season three (2000–01), after being detained "

text: Up There

text: " for a month, Piper and Leo are told by The Elders to end their relationship or Leo will no longer be the sisters' whitelighter. Leo subsequently proposes marriage to Piper claiming that once married The Elders will not have the power to break them apart. Leo and Piper attempt to wed in secret during a solar eclipse, a phenomenon which prevents those "Up There" from looking down on Earth, but are caught in the act when The Elders are informed of the wedding by The Triad (who have replaced The Council), who in turn learned of the wedding through their demonic spy

text: Cole Turner

text: Julian McMahon

text: ). Leo is taken into captivity by The Elders as punishment for breaking their rules and Piper is left heartbroken. After Piper makes the choice to continue to protect innocents despite losing Leo, The Elders return Leo to Earth. The Elders allow the couple to prove that their relationship will not interfere with their greater calling. Leo and Piper are finally allowed to wed in mid-season three. Piper and her sisters eventually learn that The Triad work for an even greater evil,

text: The Source of All Evil

text: who is the leader of the demonic realm known as

text: The Underworld

text: . Before the season's end, Piper acquires her second magical ability, the power to cause explosions. During the

text: season three finale

text: , Prue and Piper unwittingly expose themselves as witches to the world after being caught on camera by a local news crew fighting with The Source's personal assassin

text: Shax

text: . In the aftermath of the exposure, Piper is shot by a crazed Wiccan fanatic who wanted to join the sisters' coven and dies in the arms of Prue. In order to save her sister's life, Prue orders Leo to find Phoebe and pass on a deal to The Source to turn back time. This would reset the exposure of magic and save Piper's life. The Source agrees, knowing that he plans to double cross her in the end as Phoebe will be immune to the time reset while in The Underworld. In the end Phoebe will not be able to warn her sisters' of the assassin attack and he will kill her himself. Time is reversed to the sisters' first encounter with Shax, however Phoebe no longer answers when Prue calls for help, as she was never sent back. The season ends on a cliffhanger with Piper and Prue left for dead after losing in the fight against Shax. Meanwhile, Phoebe remains trapped in The Underworld.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Triad work for an even greater evil, The Source of All Evil

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Leo and Piper attempt to wed in secret during a solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Underworld

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Leo and Piper attempt to wed in secret

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Leo will no longer be the sisters' whitelighter.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar eclipse,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: mid-season three.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: "Up There"

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar eclipse,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: prevents those "Up There" from looking down on Earth,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar eclipse,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Cole Turner

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: mid-season three.

text: It bears many similarities to "Moonlight Mile" from their 1971 album Sticky Fingers. Credited to singer Mick Jagger and guitarist Keith Richards, "Winter" is likely the work of Jagger and the Stones' lead guitarist at the time, Mick Taylor. It was the first song recorded for the album and does not feature Richards at all. On the song, Bill Janovitz says in his review, "Here they were in sunny Jamaica, and the Stones were writing and recording an entirely convincing and evocative picture of a Northern Hemisphere winter. Perhaps they were so happy to be escaping the season they felt that starting the sessions with "Winter" could transition them out of the old and into the new climate. Though it bemoans many of the negatives of the season [in the] lyrics... "Winter" seems to simultaneously celebrate the season as something inherently beautiful, with other evocations of holiday scenes and wanting to wrap a coat and keep a lover warm."

text: It bears many similarities to "

text: Moonlight Mile

text: " from their 1971 album

text: Sticky Fingers

text: . Credited to singer

text: Mick Jagger

text: and guitarist

text: Keith Richards

text: , "Winter" is likely the work of Jagger and the Stones' lead guitarist at the time,

text: Mick Taylor

text: . It was the first song recorded for the album and does not feature Richards at all. On the song,

text: Bill Janovitz

text: says in his review, "Here they were in sunny

text: Jamaica

text: , and the Stones were writing and recording an entirely convincing and evocative picture of a Northern Hemisphere winter. Perhaps they were so happy to be escaping the season they felt that starting the sessions with "Winter" could transition them out of the old and into the new climate. Though it bemoans many of the negatives of the season [in the] lyrics... "Winter" seems to simultaneously celebrate the season as something inherently beautiful, with other evocations of holiday scenes and wanting to wrap a coat and keep a lover warm."

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: they were so happy to be escaping the season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: celebrate the season as something inherently beautiful

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: they were so happy to be escaping the season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Jamaica,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Jamaica,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "Moonlight Mile"

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter.

text: Hipparchus is generally recognized as discoverer of the precession of the equinoxes in 127 .  His two books on precession, On the Displacement of the Solsticial and Equinoctial Points and On the Length of the Year, are both mentioned in the Almagest of Claudius Ptolemy. According to Ptolemy, Hipparchus measured the longitude of Spica and Regulus and other bright stars. Comparing his measurements with data from his predecessors, Timocharis and Aristillus, he concluded that Spica had moved 2° relative to the autumnal equinox. He also compared the lengths of the tropical year (the time it takes the Sun to return to an equinox) and the sidereal year (the time it takes the Sun to return to a fixed star), and found a slight discrepancy. Hipparchus concluded that the equinoxes were moving ("precessing") through the zodiac, and that the rate of precession was not less than 1° in a century.

text: Hipparchus is generally recognized as discoverer of the

text: precession

text: of the

text: equinox

text: es in 127 .  His two books on precession, On the Displacement of the Solsticial and Equinoctial Points and On the Length of the Year, are both mentioned in the

text: Almagest

text: of Claudius

text: Ptolemy

text: . According to Ptolemy, Hipparchus measured the longitude of

text: Spica

text: and

text: Regulus

text: and other bright stars. Comparing his measurements with data from his predecessors,

text: Timocharis

text: and

text: Aristillus

text: , he concluded that Spica had moved 2° relative to the

text: autumnal equinox

text: . He also compared the lengths of the

text: tropical year

text: (the time it takes the Sun to return to an equinox) and the

text: sidereal year

text: (the time it takes the Sun to return to a fixed star), and found a slight discrepancy. Hipparchus concluded that the equinoxes were moving ("precessing") through the zodiac, and that the rate of precession was not less than 1° in a century.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the rate of precession was not less than 1° in a century

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical year

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Sun returns to a fixed star

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the rate of precession was not less than 1° in a century

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: moving ("precessing") through the zodiac,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumnal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumnal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical year

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2°

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the equinoxes were moving ("precessing")

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: autumnal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2° relative to the autumnal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumnal equinox.

text: A graduate of University of Ottawa, Murphy was a member of the famed 1975 Vanier Cup champion Ottawa Gee-Gees team. The Ottawa Rough Riders claimed him as a territorial exemption in the 1977 CFL Draft. In his first CFL season he rushed for 871 yards and caught 48 passes for another 483 yards, winning him the Frank M. Gibson Trophy as top rookie in the CFL East. He was also an All-Star in 1978. During 4 seasons he rushed for 1983 yards and caught 163 passes for 1634 yards, scoring 10 touchdowns. His 2 two point converts in a game against Edmonton on August 26, 1980 is still a CFL record.

text: A graduate of

text: University of Ottawa

text: , Murphy was a member of the famed 1975

text: Vanier Cup

text: champion

text: Ottawa Gee-Gees

text: team. The

text: Ottawa Rough Riders

text: claimed him as a territorial exemption in the

text: 1977 CFL Draft

text: . In his first CFL season he rushed for 871 yards and caught 48 passes for another 483 yards, winning him the

text: Frank M. Gibson Trophy

text: as top rookie in the CFL East. He was also an All-Star in 1978. During 4 seasons he rushed for 1983 yards and caught 163 passes for 1634 yards, scoring 10 touchdowns. His 2 two point converts in a game against Edmonton on August 26, 1980 is still a CFL record.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He was also an All-Star in 1978

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: scoring 10 touchdowns.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Vanier Cup

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: August 26, 1980

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Ottawa,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: CFL East.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: August 26, 1980

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2 two point converts in a game against Edmonton on August 26, 1980

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: August 26, 1980

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1975 Vanier Cup champion Ottawa Gee-Gees

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: August 26, 1980

text: March is the third month of the year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. It is the second month to have a length of 31 days. In the Northern Hemisphere, the meteorological beginning of spring occurs on the first day of March. The March equinox on the 20th or 21st marks the astronomical beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere and the beginning of autumn in the Southern Hemisphere, where September is the seasonal equivalent of the Northern Hemisphere's March.

text: March is the third

text: month

text: of the

text: year

text: in both the

text: Julian

text: and

text: Gregorian calendar

text: s. It is the second month to have a length of 31 days. In the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , the

text: meteorological

text: beginning of

text: spring

text: occurs on the first day of March. The

text: March equinox

text: on the 20th or 21st marks the

text: astronomical beginning of spring

text: in the Northern Hemisphere and the beginning of

text: autumn

text: in the Southern Hemisphere, where

text: September

text: is the seasonal equivalent of the Northern Hemisphere's March.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The March equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The March equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the meteorological beginning of spring occurs on the first day of March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: marks the astronomical beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The March equinox on the 20th or 21st

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: marks the astronomical beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The March equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September is the seasonal equivalent of the Northern Hemisphere's March.

text: The Avatar-cycle follows the cycles of the seasonal order of Earth's climate, as each element represents a season: Spring (Earth); Summer (Fire); Autumn (Air); Winter (Water). In Aang's case, he was an Air Nomad, thus Korra (his immediate reincarnation) was born as a Water-bender.

text: The Avatar-cycle follows the cycles of the seasonal order of Earth's climate, as each element represents a season: Spring (Earth); Summer (Fire); Autumn (Air); Winter (Water). In Aang's case, he was an Air Nomad, thus Korra (his immediate reincarnation) was born as a Water-bender.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's climate

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's climate,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (Fire);

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Air Nomad,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Spring (Earth);

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: (Water).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Spring

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Spring

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: (Fire);

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Autumn

text: Seasons one and two cover North America. In its third season, Sunrise Earth goes international, to Asia, Europe, Central and South America. The fourth season, airing on HD Theater in January, 2008, consists of locations chosen by the viewers themselves.

text: Seasons one and two cover

text: North America

text: . In its third season,

text: Sunrise Earth

text: goes international, to Asia, Europe, Central and South America. The fourth season, airing on

text: HD Theater

text: in January, 2008, consists of locations chosen by the viewers themselves.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasons one and two cover North America

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: North America

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January, 2008

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: January, 2008

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Sunrise Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: locations chosen by the viewers themselves.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Sunrise Earth

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Seasons one and two cover North America.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: North America.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: North America.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January, 2008,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: North America.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: HD Theater in January,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: North America.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: North America.

text: Shredder, Krang, Bebop & Rocksteady (two street thugs who were mutated into a humanoid warthog and rhinoceros respectively, after being exposed to Shredder's mutagen and the aforementioned animals, which were stolen from the zoo), Baxter Stockman (an inventor who is briefly employed by Shredder until he is sent into Dimension X, where he is accidentally transformed into a mutant fly by Krang, who had intended to execute him; ever since then, he has sought revenge against both the Turtles and Shredder/Krang for his transformation and for attempting to kill him), and their legions of Foot soldiers repeatedly try to destroy the Turtles and take over the world. Much of their quest for world domination hinges on repowering the Technodrome (Krang's mobile fortress, and their base of operations) and bringing it to the Earth's surface, as it was either buried deep under New York City (season 1), stuck in Dimension X (seasons 2 and 4), embedded in the Earth's core (season 3), stranded in the Arctic (season 5), or at the bottom of the Arctic Ocean (seasons 6 and 7). However, their plans always fail, often landing the villains in humorous predicaments. Some episodes feature other, usually minor villains as antagonists, such as the Rat King (a homeless man living in the sewers who has control over rats and believes that he is one himself; he considers all other species inferior and aspires to establish a rat-controlled government above ground), Leatherhead (a mutated Florida crocodile who speaks with a Cajun accent), Slash (a savage, humanoid mutant turtle with brute strength and low intelligence; he was Bebop's pet turtle before he was exposed to mutagen), General Traag and Granitor (two high ranking Rock Warriors who are loyal to Krang and command a vast army in Dimension X, which Krang often tries to bring to the Earth in order to conquer it), and many others. Some episodes also involve the TMNT getting themselves and the city out of a mess that one of the Turtles (usually Michelangelo or Donatello) inadvertently cause.

text: Shredder, Krang, Bebop & Rocksteady (two street thugs who were mutated into a humanoid

text: warthog

text: and

text: rhinoceros

text: respectively, after being exposed to Shredder's mutagen and the aforementioned animals, which were stolen from the zoo),

text: Baxter Stockman

text: (an inventor who is briefly employed by Shredder until he is sent into Dimension X, where he is accidentally transformed into a mutant fly by Krang, who had intended to execute him; ever since then, he has sought revenge against both the Turtles and Shredder/Krang for his transformation and for attempting to kill him), and their legions of

text: Foot soldiers

text: repeatedly try to destroy the Turtles and take over the world. Much of their quest for world domination hinges on repowering the

text: Technodrome

text: (Krang's mobile fortress, and their base of operations) and bringing it to the Earth's surface, as it was either buried deep under New York City (season 1), stuck in Dimension X (seasons 2 and 4), embedded in the

text: Earth's core

text: (season 3), stranded in the

text: Arctic

text: (season 5), or at the bottom of the

text: Arctic Ocean

text: (seasons 6 and 7). However, their plans always fail, often landing the villains in humorous predicaments. Some episodes feature other, usually minor villains as antagonists, such as the

text: Rat King

text: (a homeless man living in the sewers who has control over rats and believes that he is one himself; he considers all other species inferior and aspires to establish a rat-controlled government above ground),

text: Leatherhead

text: (a mutated

text: Florida

text: crocodile

text: who speaks with a

text: Cajun

text: accent),

text: Slash

text: (a savage, humanoid mutant turtle with brute strength and low intelligence; he was Bebop's pet turtle before he was exposed to mutagen), General Traag and Granitor (two high ranking Rock Warriors who are loyal to Krang and command a vast army in Dimension X, which Krang often tries to bring to the Earth in order to conquer it), and many others. Some episodes also involve the TMNT getting themselves and the city out of a mess that one of the Turtles (usually Michelangelo or Donatello) inadvertently cause.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: buried deep under New York City

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Arctic

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Turtles

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's core

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: season 5

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: it was either buried deep under New York City

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Arctic

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: embedded in the Earth's core (season 3),

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Arctic (season 5), or at the bottom of the Arctic Ocean

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's core

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: embedded in the Earth's core (season 3),

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: their plans always fail, often landing the villains in humorous predicaments.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 4),

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: buried deep under New York City (season 1), stuck in Dimension X

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Rat King

text: Terrestrial radiation is emitted at much longer wavelengths than solar radiation. This is because Earth is much colder than the sun.   Radiation is emitted by Earth across a range of wavelengths, as formalized in Planck's law. The wavelength of maximum energy is around 10 micrometers.

text: Terrestrial radiation is emitted at much longer wavelengths than solar radiation. This is because Earth is much colder than the sun.   Radiation is emitted by Earth across a range of wavelengths, as formalized in

text: Planck's law

text: . The wavelength of maximum energy is around 10 micrometers.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth is much colder than the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Terrestrial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth is much colder than the sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: much colder than the sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth is much colder than the sun.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Terrestrial radiation is emitted at much longer wavelengths

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Terrestrial

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Terrestrial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth is much colder than the sun.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth is much colder than the sun.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Planck's law.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth is much colder than the sun.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Terrestrial

text: Accumulations of snow and ice are commonly associated with winter in the Northern Hemisphere, due to the large land masses there. In the Southern Hemisphere, the more maritime climate and the relative lack of land south of 40°S makes the winters milder; thus, snow and ice are less common in inhabited regions of the Southern Hemisphere. In this region, snow occurs every year in elevated regions such as the Andes, the Great Dividing Range in Australia, and the mountains of New Zealand, and also occurs in the southerly Patagonia region of South America. Snow occurs year-round in Antarctica.

text: Accumulations of snow and ice are commonly associated with winter in the Northern Hemisphere, due to the large land masses there. In the Southern Hemisphere, the more maritime climate and the relative lack of land south of 40°S makes the winters milder; thus, snow and ice are less common in inhabited regions of the Southern Hemisphere. In this region, snow occurs every year in elevated regions such as the Andes, the Great Dividing Range in Australia, and the mountains of New Zealand, and also occurs in the southerly

text: Patagonia

text: region of South America. Snow occurs year-round in

text: Antarctica

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the large land masses

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Antarctica

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: night

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: large land masses

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Antarctica.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Antarctica.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Accumulations of snow and ice are commonly associated with winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter in the Northern Hemisphere,

text: This suggestion is surprising because the seasons have been thought to be governed by the tilt of the Earth's axis (see Effect of sun angle on climate).  The two types of years differ by a mere 4 days over 300 years, so Thompson's result may not be significant.  However, the result is not unreasonable.  The seasons can be considered to be an oscillating system driven by two inputs with slightly different frequencies: the total input of energy from the sun varies with the anomalistic year, while the distribution of this energy between the hemispheres varies with the tropical year.  In other physical situations, oscillating systems driven by two similar frequencies can latch onto either one. One point that must be considered is that the oscillation arising from the tilt of the axis is much greater than that arising from the distance of the sun.

text: This suggestion is surprising because the

text: season

text: s have been thought to be governed by the

text: tilt of the Earth's axis

text: (see

text: Effect of sun angle on climate

text: ).  The two types of years differ by a mere 4 days over 300 years, so Thompson's result may not be significant.  However, the result is not unreasonable.  The seasons can be considered to be an

text: oscillating system

text: driven by two inputs with slightly different frequencies: the total input of energy from the sun varies with the anomalistic year, while the distribution of this energy between the hemispheres varies with the tropical year.  In other physical situations, oscillating systems driven by two similar frequencies can latch onto either one. One point that must be considered is that the oscillation arising from the tilt of the axis is much greater than that arising from the distance of the sun.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the tilt of the Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: tropical year

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The two types of years differ by a mere 4 days over 300 years

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the seasons can be considered to be an oscillating system driven by two inputs with slightly different frequencies

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: two inputs with slightly different frequencies:

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: anomalistic year,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: tilt of the Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical year.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 4 days

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The two types of years differ by a mere 4 days

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: tropical year.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: tilt of the Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 4 days

text: Homicide featured a number of recurring characters, who starred alongside the ensemble. Wendy Hughes (Carol Blythe), Ami Brabson (Mary Pembleton) and Željko Ivanek (Ed Danvers) are the most notable, with the first appearing in Season 1, and the other two appearing in Seasons 1–6 and Seasons 1–7 respectively. Clayton LeBouef played Colonel George Barnfather throughout the run. Ralph Tabakin played Dr. Scheiner in all seven seasons. The recurring cast also included: Gerald F. Gough as Col. Burt Granger (seasons 1–3); Lee Tergesen as Officer Chris Thormann (seasons 1, 3 and 5); Sean Whitesell as Dr. Eli Devilbiss (seasons 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7); Michael Willis as Darin Russom (seasons 1–7); Sharon Ziman as Naomi (seasons 1–7); Judy Thornton as Judy (seasons 2–7); Herb Levinson as Dr. Lausanne (seasons 2–7); Gary D'Addario as Lt. Jasper (seasons 3–7); Walt MacPherson as Capt. Roger Gaffney (seasons 3–7); Harlee McBride as Alyssa Dyer (seasons 3–7); Rhonda Overby as Reporter Dawn Daniels (seasons 3–7); Kristin Rohde as Officer Sally Rogers (seasons 3–7); Mary B. Ward as Beth Felton (season 3); Christopher Meloni as bounty hunter Dennis Knoll (season 7); Erik Dellums as Luther Mahoney (seasons 4 and 5); Mekhi Phifer as Junior Bunk (seasons 5 and 6); Hazelle Goodman as Georgia Rae Mahoney (season 6); Ellen McElduff as Billie Lou Hatfield (seasons 5–7); Austin Pendleton as Dr. George Griscom (season 7), and Jason Stanford as Joe Ryblack (seasons 6 and 7).

text: Homicide featured a number of recurring characters, who starred alongside the ensemble.

text: Wendy Hughes

text: (Carol Blythe), Ami Brabson (Mary Pembleton) and

text: Željko Ivanek

text: Ed Danvers

text: ) are the most notable, with the first appearing in Season 1, and the other two appearing in Seasons 1–6 and Seasons 1–7 respectively.

text: Clayton LeBouef

text: played Colonel

text: George Barnfather

text: throughout the run.

text: Ralph Tabakin

text: played Dr. Scheiner in all seven seasons. The recurring cast also included: Gerald F. Gough as Col. Burt Granger (seasons 1–3);

text: Lee Tergesen

text: as Officer Chris Thormann (seasons 1, 3 and 5);

text: Sean Whitesell

text: as Dr. Eli Devilbiss (seasons 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7);

text: Michael Willis

text: as Darin Russom (seasons 1–7); Sharon Ziman as Naomi (seasons 1–7); Judy Thornton as Judy (seasons 2–7);

text: Herb Levinson

text: as Dr. Lausanne (seasons 2–7);

text: Gary D'Addario

text: as Lt. Jasper (seasons 3–7);

text: Walt MacPherson

text: as Capt.

text: Roger Gaffney

text: (seasons 3–7);

text: Harlee McBride

text: as Alyssa Dyer (seasons 3–7); Rhonda Overby as Reporter Dawn Daniels (seasons 3–7);

text: Kristin Rohde

text: as Officer Sally Rogers (seasons 3–7); Mary B. Ward as Beth Felton (season 3);

text: Christopher Meloni

text: as bounty hunter Dennis Knoll (season 7);

text: Erik Dellums

text: as Luther Mahoney (seasons 4 and 5);

text: Mekhi Phifer

text: as Junior Bunk (seasons 5 and 6);

text: Hazelle Goodman

text: as Georgia Rae Mahoney (season 6); Ellen McElduff as Billie Lou Hatfield (seasons 5–7);

text: Austin Pendleton

text: as Dr. George Griscom (season 7), and

text: Jason Stanford

text: as Joe Ryblack (seasons 6 and 7).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Seasons 1–6

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in all seven seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasons 1–7

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: recurring characters,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2–7);

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (seasons 3–7);

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 2–7);

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sanne (seasons 2–7);

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 3–7);

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 3–7);

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2–7);

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Herb Levinson as Dr. Lausanne

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Gary D'Addario as Lt. Jasper

text: The episode ends with a scene setting up the crossover event "Invasion!" that begins on The Flash season 3 episode 8, continues on Arrow season 5 episode 8 and concludes on Legends of Tomorrow season 2 episode 7. This scene is later repeated in the Flash episode of the crossover. Kara/Supergirl appears in all three episodes as a visitor to their universe due to Supergirl being set in a different Earth, referred to as Earth-38 in the Arrowverse multiverse, and has been informally referred to as "Earth-CBS" by Arrow showrunner Marc Guggenheim, named for the network where Supergirl first aired.

text: The episode ends with a scene setting up the crossover event "

text: Invasion!

text: " that begins on

text: The Flash season 3 episode 8

text: , continues on

text: Arrow season 5 episode 8

text: and concludes on

text: Legends of Tomorrow season 2 episode 7

text: . This scene is later repeated in the Flash episode of the crossover. Kara/Supergirl appears in all three episodes as a visitor to their universe due to Supergirl being set in a different Earth, referred to as Earth-38 in the Arrowverse multiverse, and has been informally referred to as "Earth-CBS" by Arrow showrunner Marc Guggenheim, named for the network where Supergirl first aired.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Supergirl being set in a different Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Supergirl being set in a different Earth,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Invasion!"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Flash season 3 episode 8,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 8,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 8,

text: The dry and cloudless climate together with the low latitude and high altitude gives the region some of the highest insolations on Earth; at Sairecabur it amounts to 98% of the solar constant. The coincidence between the southern hemisphere summer solstice on 21 December and the perihelion, the point of lowest Earth-Sun distance, on 3 January contribute to the high insolation. Ultraviolet radiation is also high in the area, with values  reported for ultraviolet radiation B and ultraviolet radiation A respectively.

text: The dry and cloudless climate together with the low latitude and high altitude gives the region some of the highest

text: insolation

text: s on Earth; at Sairecabur it amounts to 98% of the

text: solar constant

text: . The coincidence between the southern hemisphere

text: summer solstice

text: on 21 December and the

text: perihelion

text: , the point of lowest Earth-Sun distance, on 3 January contribute to the high insolation.

text: Ultraviolet radiation

text: is also high in the area, with values  reported for

text: ultraviolet radiation B and ultraviolet radiation A

text: respectively.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the southern hemisphere summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 21 December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the point of lowest Earth-Sun distance

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: dry and cloudless climate together with the low latitude and high altitude

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice on 21 December

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: summer solstice on 21 December

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sairecabur

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 21 December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 3 January

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth-Sun distance,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 21 December

text: Pre-Crisis, yellow stars were said to emit "ultra solar rays" which enabled Kryptonians' superpowers; penetrating the Earth itself, said rays also enabled Kryptonians to stay super-powered at night. Post-Crisis, it is the overall high intensity of yellow solar radiation, versus the far weaker red solar radiation of Krypton's sun, that is shown as causing Kryptonians' superpowers. The more yellow sun rays Superman absorbs the stronger he gets; in some instances he has been shown to enter the sun in order to increase his powers to their highest potentials, as seen in 1998's DC One Million storyline. Superman can also absorb solar energies of other class stars such as white stars and also when he absorbed the solar energies of a blue star that increased his abilities to a higher degree and gave him additional abilities. The light of dwarf stars, pulsars, and quasars also grants Superman different abilities. However, he cannot gain enhanced abilities from the energy of red stars; various reasons have been given for this. When Superman visited Olympus, where he and Apollo got into a fight, Apollo struck Superman with a sun beam, making Superman stronger and feeling like he "drank a bucket of adrenaline."

text: Pre-Crisis, yellow stars were said to emit "ultra solar rays" which enabled Kryptonians' superpowers; penetrating the Earth itself, said rays also enabled Kryptonians to stay super-powered at night. Post-Crisis, it is the overall high intensity of yellow solar radiation, versus the far weaker red solar radiation of Krypton's sun, that is shown as causing Kryptonians' superpowers. The more yellow sun rays Superman absorbs the stronger he gets; in some instances he has been shown to enter the sun in order to increase his powers to their highest potentials, as seen in 1998's

text: DC One Million

text: storyline. Superman can also absorb solar energies of other class stars such as white stars and also when he absorbed the solar energies of a blue star that increased his abilities to a higher degree and gave him additional abilities. The light of

text: dwarf star

text: s,

text: pulsar

text: s, and

text: quasar

text: s also grants Superman different abilities. However, he cannot gain enhanced abilities from the energy of red stars; various reasons have been given for this. When Superman visited Olympus, where he and Apollo got into a fight, Apollo struck Superman with a sun beam, making Superman stronger and feeling like he "drank a bucket of adrenaline."

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: yellow stars were said to emit "ultra solar rays" which enabled Kryptonians' superpowers

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Krypton

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Kryptonians to stay super-powered at night

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is the overall high intensity of yellow solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: night

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: he cannot gain enhanced abilities from the energy of red stars;

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "ultra solar rays"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Pre-Crisis,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Olympus,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: yellow solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: super-powered at night.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: super-powered at night.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Pre-Crisis,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: yellow stars

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Pre-Crisis,

text: The Office aired a short first season in 2005 that consisted of six episodes. This was followed by a full-length second season in 2005–06 that consisted of 22 episodes, and a third season in 2006–07, with 25 episodes. Due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike, the fourth season that aired in 2007–08 consisted of 19 episodes.  The fifth season aired during 2008–09 and consisted of 28 episodes. The sixth season aired during 2009–10 and consisted of 26 episodes. The seventh season aired during 2010–11 and consisted of 26 episodes. The eighth season aired during 2011–12 and consisted of 24 episodes. The ninth season aired during 2012–13 and consisted of 25 episodes. A total of 201 episodes of The Office aired over nine seasons.

text: The Office aired a short

text: first season

text: in 2005 that consisted of six episodes. This was followed by a full-length

text: second season

text: in 2005–06 that consisted of 22 episodes, and a

text: third season

text: in 2006–07, with 25 episodes. Due to the

text: 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike

text: , the

text: fourth season

text: that aired in 2007–08 consisted of 19 episodes.  The

text: fifth season

text: aired during 2008–09 and consisted of 28 episodes. The

text: sixth season

text: aired during 2009–10 and consisted of 26 episodes. The

text: seventh season

text: aired during 2010–11 and consisted of 26 episodes. The

text: eighth season

text: aired during 2011–12 and consisted of 24 episodes. The

text: ninth season

text: aired during 2012–13 and consisted of 25 episodes. A total of 201 episodes of The Office aired over nine seasons.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Writers Guild of America strike

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The ninth season aired during 2012–13

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Writers Guild of America strike,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2012–13

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Office aired a short first season in 2005

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 22 episodes, and a third season in 2006–07,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 201

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2008–09

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 201 episodes of The Office aired over nine seasons.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2012–13

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 201

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2012–13

text: By astronomical convention, the four seasons can be determined by the solstices—the points in the orbit of maximum axial tilt toward or away from the Sun—and the equinoxes, when the direction of the tilt and the direction to the Sun are perpendicular. In the Northern Hemisphere, winter solstice currently occurs around 21 December; summer solstice is near 21 June, spring equinox is around 20 March and autumnal equinox is about 22 or 23 September. In the Southern Hemisphere, the situation is reversed, with the summer and winter solstices exchanged and the spring and autumnal equinox dates swapped.

text: By astronomical convention, the four seasons can be determined by the

text: solstice

text: s—the points in the orbit of maximum axial tilt toward or away from the Sun—and the

text: equinox

text: es, when the direction of the tilt and the direction to the Sun are perpendicular. In the Northern Hemisphere,

text: winter solstice

text: currently occurs around 21 December;

text: summer solstice

text: is near 21 June,

text: spring equinox

text: is around 20 March and

text: autumnal equinox

text: is about 22 or 23 September. In the Southern Hemisphere, the situation is reversed, with the summer and winter solstices exchanged and the spring and autumnal equinox dates swapped.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solstices—the points in the orbit of maximum axial tilt toward or away from the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 21 December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: direction of the tilt and the direction to the Sun are perpendicular

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the solstices—the

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice is near 21 June,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 21 December;

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: direction of the tilt and the direction to the Sun are perpendicular.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt toward or away from the Sun—and

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumnal equinox

text: A tropical year (also known as a solar year), for general purposes, is the time that the Sun takes to return to the same position in the cycle of seasons, as seen from Earth; for example, the time from vernal equinox to vernal equinox, or from summer solstice to summer solstice. Because of the precession of the equinoxes, the seasonal cycle does not remain exactly synchronized with the position of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun. As a consequence, the tropical year is about 20 minutes shorter than the time it takes Earth to complete one full orbit around the Sun as measured with respect to the fixed stars (the sidereal year).

text: A tropical year (also known as a solar year), for general purposes, is the

text: time

text: that the

text: Sun

text: takes to return to the same position in the cycle of

text: season

text: s, as seen from

text: Earth

text: ; for example, the time from

text: vernal equinox

text: to vernal equinox, or from

text: summer solstice

text: to summer solstice. Because of the

text: precession of the equinoxes

text: , the

text: season

text: al cycle does not remain exactly synchronized with the position of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun. As a consequence, the tropical year is about 20 minutes shorter than the time it takes Earth to complete one full orbit around the Sun as measured with respect to the fixed stars (the

text: sidereal year

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Because of the precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical year

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the seasonal cycle does not remain exactly synchronized with the position of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession of the equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice to summer solstice.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical year

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer solstice to summer solstice.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Because of the precession

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: precession of the equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox to vernal equinox,

text: The team returned in 2011 as the No. 19, and Mike Bliss signed on to drive the car for the 2011 season. Crew Chief Dave Fuge remained with the team but was replaced early in the season by Wes Ward. Fuge now is part owner of Derrike Cope's CFK Motorsports. Ward also left the team early on and was replaced by TRG interim crew chief Paul Clapprood. The team scored 19 top-20 finishes with a best finish of 11th at Lucas Oil Raceway. With limited sponsorship Bliss and the No. 19 team finished the season 12th in points. For 2012, Bliss was replaced by Tayler Malsam as he brought sponsorship from Green Earth Technologies as well as the team's manufacturer change to Toyota Camry. Venezuelan Alex Popow drove the car at Watkins Glen. Malsam was 13th in points when he and TriStar parted ways after Kentucky, leaving Bliss to return to the No. 19. Also, Hal Martin competed in three races in 2012.

text: The team returned in 2011 as the No. 19, and

text: Mike Bliss

text: signed on to drive the car for the 2011 season. Crew Chief Dave Fuge remained with the team but was replaced early in the season by Wes Ward. Fuge now is part owner of

text: Derrike Cope

text: 's

text: CFK Motorsports

text: . Ward also left the team early on and was replaced by TRG interim crew chief Paul Clapprood. The team scored 19 top-20 finishes with a best finish of 11th at Lucas Oil Raceway. With limited sponsorship Bliss and the No. 19 team finished the season 12th in points. For 2012, Bliss was replaced by

text: Tayler Malsam

text: as he brought sponsorship from Green Earth Technologies as well as the team's manufacturer change to

text: Toyota Camry

text: . Venezuelan

text: Alex Popow

text: drove the car at Watkins Glen. Malsam was 13th in points when he and TriStar parted ways after Kentucky, leaving Bliss to return to the No. 19. Also,

text: Hal Martin

text: competed in three races in 2012.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The team scored 19 top-20 finishes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: limited sponsorship

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: top-20

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2012,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Lucas Oil Raceway.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Lucas Oil Raceway.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Hal Martin competed in three races in 2012.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Hal Martin competed in three races in 2012.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2011

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Hal Martin competed in three races in 2012.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2012,

text: By astronomical convention, the four seasons are determined by the solstices the two points in the Earth's orbit of the maximum tilt of the Earth's axis, towards the Sun or away from the Sun and the equinoxes the two points in the Earth's orbit where the Earth's tilted axis and an imaginary line drawn from the Earth to the Sun are exactly perpendicular to one another. The solstices and equinoxes divide the year up into four approximately equal parts. In the northern hemisphere winter solstice occurs on or about December 21; summer solstice is near June 21; spring equinox is around March 20; and autumnal equinox is about September 23. The effect of the Earth's axial tilt in the southern hemisphere is the opposite of that in the northern hemisphere, thus the seasons of the solstices and equinoxes in the southern hemisphere are the reverse of those in the northern hemisphere (e.g. the northern summer solstice is at the same time as the southern winter solstice).

text: By astronomical convention, the four seasons are determined by the

text: solstice

text: s the two points in the Earth's orbit of the maximum tilt of the Earth's axis, towards the Sun or away from the Sun and the

text: equinox

text: es the two points in the Earth's orbit where the Earth's tilted axis and an imaginary line drawn from the Earth to the Sun are exactly perpendicular to one another. The solstices and equinoxes divide the year up into four approximately equal parts. In the northern hemisphere

text: winter solstice

text: occurs on or about December 21; summer solstice is near June 21; spring equinox is around March 20; and autumnal equinox is about September 23. The effect of the Earth's axial tilt in the southern hemisphere is the opposite of that in the northern hemisphere, thus the seasons of the solstices and equinoxes in the southern hemisphere are the reverse of those in the northern hemisphere (e.g. the northern summer solstice is at the same time as the southern winter solstice).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the solstices the two points in the Earth's orbit of the maximum tilt of the Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: In the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 21

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: perpendicular to one another

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the solstices

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice is near June 21;

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 21;

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: exactly perpendicular to one another.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: towards the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumnal equinox

text: Solar heating systems are a well known second-generation technology and generally consist of solar thermal collectors, a fluid system to move the heat from the collector to its point of usage, and a reservoir or tank for heat storage and subsequent use. The systems may be used to heat domestic hot water, swimming pool water, or for space heating. The heat can also be used for industrial applications or as an energy input for other uses such as cooling equipment. In many climates, a solar heating system can provide a very high percentage (50 to 75%) of domestic hot water energy.Energy received from the sun by the earth is that of electromagnetic radiation. Light ranges of visible, infrared, ultraviolet, x-rays, and radio waves received by the earth through solar energy. The highest power of radiation comes from visible light. Solar power is complicated due to changes in seasons and from day to night. Cloud cover can also add to complications of solar energy, and not all radiation from the sun reaches earth because it is absorbed and dispersed due to clouds and gases within the earth's atmospheres.

text: Solar heating

text: systems are a well known second-generation technology and generally consist of solar thermal collectors, a fluid system to move the heat from the collector to its point of usage, and a reservoir or tank for heat storage and subsequent use. The systems may be used to heat domestic hot water, swimming pool water, or for space heating. The heat can also be used for industrial applications or as an energy input for other uses such as cooling equipment. In many climates, a solar heating system can provide a very high percentage (50 to 75%) of domestic hot water energy.Energy received from the sun by the earth is that of electromagnetic radiation. Light ranges of visible, infrared, ultraviolet, x-rays, and radio waves received by the earth through solar energy. The highest power of radiation comes from visible light. Solar power is complicated due to changes in seasons and from day to night. Cloud cover can also add to complications of solar energy, and not all radiation from the sun reaches earth because it is absorbed and dispersed due to clouds and gases within the earth's atmospheres.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes in seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: visible light

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar power is complicated due to changes in seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: changes in seasons and from day to night

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: night

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar power is complicated due to changes in seasons and from day to night.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: electromagnetic radiation.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar power is complicated due to changes in seasons and from day to night.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: changes in seasons and from day to night.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: visible light.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: day to night.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: day to night.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: day to night.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: energy.Energy received from the sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: day to night.

text: Heat is energy in transit that flows due to temperature difference. Unlike heat transmitted by thermal conduction or thermal convection, thermal radiation can propagate through a vacuum. Thermal radiation is characterized by a particular spectrum of many wavelengths that is associated with emission from an object, due to the vibration of its molecules at a given temperature. Thermal radiation can be emitted from objects at any wavelength, and at very high temperatures such radiations are associated with spectra far above the infrared, extending into visible, ultraviolet, and even X-ray regions (e.g. the solar corona). Thus, the popular association of infrared radiation with thermal radiation is only a coincidence based on typical (comparatively low) temperatures often found near the surface of planet Earth.

text: Heat

text: is energy in transit that flows due to temperature difference. Unlike heat transmitted by

text: thermal conduction

text: or

text: thermal convection

text: , thermal radiation can propagate through a

text: vacuum

text: . Thermal radiation is characterized by a particular spectrum of many wavelengths that is associated with emission from an object, due to the vibration of its molecules at a given temperature. Thermal radiation can be emitted from objects at any wavelength, and at very high temperatures such radiations are associated with spectra far above the infrared, extending into visible, ultraviolet, and even X-ray regions (e.g. the

text: solar corona

text: ). Thus, the popular association of infrared radiation with thermal radiation is only a coincidence based on typical (comparatively low) temperatures often found near the surface of planet Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solar corona

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: thermal radiation can propagate through a vacuum

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: thermal radiation can propagate through a vacuum

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: temperature difference

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: temperature difference.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: thermal convection,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Heat is energy in transit that flows due to temperature difference.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (comparatively low) temperatures often found near the surface of planet Earth.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solar corona).

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: heat

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Heat is energy in transit that flows due to temperature difference.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: temperature difference.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Heat is energy in transit that flows due to temperature difference.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Heat is energy in transit that flows due to temperature difference.

text: Equinox (Terrance Sorenson) is a fictional character, a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

text: Equinox (Terrance Sorenson) is a

text: fictional character

text: , a

text: supervillain

text: appearing in

text: American comic book

text: s published by

text: Marvel Comics

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Equinox is a fictional character

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a fictional character

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a supervillain

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox

text: The temperatures are similar between the Arctic and Antarctic. The temperatures in the Arctic are different depending on the location. Temperatures in the Arctic have a higher range than in the Antarctic. Temperatures can range as much as . Along the coast in the Arctic temperatures average  in December, January and February. The ice melts along the coast during the summer months which are around June, July and August and the temperature may rise a few degrees above freezing causing there to be some vegetation. During these same months in the northern regions there will be 24 hours of daylight. Arctic regions also receive a lot of snowfall. The Arctic Basin has snow 320 days out of the year while the Arctic Seas have snow cover 260 days a year. The thickness of the snow averages . In Greenland, temperatures have an average temperature of  in the winter and in the summer the temperatures reach . Iceland on the other hand is in a subarctic region meaning it is near the temperate zone. Because of this the temperatures are above the freezing point throughout much of the year. In Russia temperatures are extremely cold. In Verkhoyansk, Siberia it has reached the coldest temp of  in the Northern Hemisphere. The temperatures in the summer in Siberia can get to .

text: The temperatures are similar between the Arctic and Antarctic. The temperatures in the Arctic are different depending on the location. Temperatures in the Arctic have a higher range than in the Antarctic. Temperatures can range as much as . Along the coast in the Arctic temperatures average  in December, January and February. The ice melts along the coast during the summer months which are around June, July and August and the temperature may rise a few degrees above freezing causing there to be some vegetation. During these same months in the northern regions there will be 24 hours of daylight. Arctic regions also receive a lot of snowfall. The

text: Arctic Basin

text: has snow 320 days out of the year while the Arctic Seas have snow cover 260 days a year. The thickness of the snow averages . In

text: Greenland

text: , temperatures have an average temperature of  in the winter and in the summer the temperatures reach . Iceland on the other hand is in a subarctic region meaning it is near the temperate zone. Because of this the temperatures are above the freezing point throughout much of the year. In Russia temperatures are extremely cold. In

text: Verkhoyansk

text: , Siberia it has reached the coldest temp of  in the Northern Hemisphere. The temperatures in the summer in Siberia can get to .

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Arctic regions also receive a lot of snowfall

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Polar vortex

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Arctic Basin

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 24 hours of daylight

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 24 hours of daylight

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 24 hours

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The ice melts

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: subarctic

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 24 hours of daylight.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 24 hours of daylight.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December, January and February.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 24 hours of daylight.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 24 hours

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: June, July and August

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: June, July and August

text: The Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (MLT) region of the atmosphere to be studied by TIMED is located between 60–180 km above the Earth's surface where energy from solar radiation is first deposited into the atmosphere. This can have profound effects on Earth's upper atmospheric regions, particularly during the peak of the Sun's 11-year solar cycle when the greatest amounts of its energy are being released. Understanding these interactions is also important for our understanding of various subjects in geophysics, meteorology, and atmospheric science, as solar radiation is one of the primary driving forces behind atmospheric tides. Changes in the MLT can also affect modern satellite and radio telecommunications.

text: The

text: Mesosphere

text: and Lower

text: Thermosphere

text: (MLT) region of the atmosphere to be studied by TIMED is located between 60–180 km above the Earth's surface where energy from solar radiation is first deposited into the atmosphere. This can have profound effects on Earth's upper atmospheric regions, particularly during the peak of the Sun's 11-year solar cycle when the greatest amounts of its energy are being released. Understanding these interactions is also important for our understanding of various subjects in

text: geophysics

text: meteorology

text: , and

text: atmospheric science

text: , as solar radiation is one of the primary driving forces behind

text: atmospheric tides

text: . Changes in the MLT can also affect modern

text: satellite

text: and

text: radio

text: telecommunications

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Sun's 11-year solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: peak of the Sun's 11-year solar cycle when the greatest amounts of its energy are being released

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: can have profound effects on Earth's upper atmospheric regions

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: TIMED

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation is one of the primary driving forces behind atmospheric tides.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: peak of the Sun's 11-year solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: peak of the Sun's 11-year solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 11-year solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper atmospheric regions,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: peak of the Sun's 11-year solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: peak of the Sun's 11-year solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: TIMED

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere

text: The global average concentration of  in Earth's atmosphere is currently about 0.04%, or 400 parts per million by volume (ppm). There is an annual fluctuation of about 3–9 ppm which is negatively correlated with the Northern Hemisphere's growing season. The Northern Hemisphere dominates the annual cycle of  concentration because it has much greater land area and plant biomass than the Southern Hemisphere. Concentrations reach a peak in May as the Northern Hemisphere spring greenup begins, and decline to a minimum in October, near the end of the growing season.

text: The global average concentration of  in

text: Earth's atmosphere

text: is currently about 0.04%, or 400 parts per million by volume (ppm). There is an annual fluctuation of about 3–9 ppm which is negatively correlated with the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: 's growing season. The Northern Hemisphere dominates the annual cycle of  concentration because it has much greater land area and plant biomass than the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: . Concentrations reach a peak in May as the Northern Hemisphere spring greenup begins, and decline to a minimum in October, near the end of the growing season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: because it has much greater land area and plant biomass than the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: it has much greater land area and plant biomass

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring greenup

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: growing season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Concentrations reach a peak in May

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: October,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: October,

text: The Solar System's location in the Milky Way is a factor in the evolutionary history of life on Earth. Its orbit is close to circular, and orbits near the Sun are at roughly the same speed as that of the spiral arms. Therefore, the Sun passes through arms only rarely. Because spiral arms are home to a far larger concentration of supernovae, gravitational instabilities, and radiation that could disrupt the Solar System, this has given Earth long periods of stability for life to evolve. The Solar System also lies well outside the star-crowded environs of the galactic centre. Near the centre, gravitational tugs from nearby stars could perturb bodies in the Oort cloud and send many comets into the inner Solar System, producing collisions with potentially catastrophic implications for life on Earth. The intense radiation of the galactic centre could also interfere with the development of complex life. Even at the Solar System's current location, some scientists have speculated that recent supernovae may have adversely affected life in the last 35,000 years, by flinging pieces of expelled stellar core towards the Sun, as radioactive dust grains and larger, comet-like bodies.

text: The Solar System's location in the Milky Way is a factor in the

text: evolutionary history of life

text: on Earth. Its orbit is close to circular, and orbits near the Sun are at roughly the same speed as that of the spiral arms. Therefore, the Sun passes through arms only rarely. Because spiral arms are home to a far larger concentration of

text: supernova

text: e, gravitational instabilities, and radiation that could disrupt the Solar System, this has given Earth long periods of stability for life to evolve. The Solar System also lies well outside the star-crowded environs of the galactic centre. Near the centre, gravitational tugs from nearby stars could perturb bodies in the

text: Oort cloud

text: and send many comets into the inner Solar System, producing collisions with potentially catastrophic implications for life on Earth. The intense radiation of the galactic centre could also interfere with the development of complex life. Even at the Solar System's current location, some scientists have speculated that recent supernovae may have adversely affected life in the last 35,000 years, by flinging pieces of expelled stellar core towards the Sun, as radioactive dust grains and larger, comet-like bodies.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Solar System's location in the Milky Way

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: galactic centre

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth passes through arms only rarely

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Sun passes through arms only rarely

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: long periods of stability for life to evolve.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spiral arms.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: spiral arms.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: spiral arms

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Sun passes through arms only rarely.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Solar System's location in the Milky Way

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Solar System's location in the Milky Way

text: The device was designed to observe solar radiation reflected by Earth's atmosphere, including studies of tropospheric aerosols, sea surface reflectance, bidirectional reflectance distribution function of land surfaces, and the Earth Radiation Budget.

text: The device was designed to observe

text: solar radiation

text: reflected by

text: Earth

text: 's

text: atmosphere

text: , including studies of

text: tropospheric aerosol

text: s,

text: sea surface reflectance

entity_name: Bidirectional reflectance distribution function

text: bidirectional reflectance distribution function

text: of land surfaces, and the

text: Earth Radiation Budget

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: troposphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth Radiation Budget

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth Radiation Budget

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth Radiation Budget

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation reflected by Earth's atmosphere,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth Radiation Budget.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth Radiation Budget.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: land surfaces,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sea surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: bidirectional reflectance distribution function of land surfaces,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth Radiation Budget.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth Radiation Budget.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: tropospheric aerosols, sea surface reflectance,

text: For seasons one, two and three, filming locations included the Galt district of Cambridge, Ontario. Sidewalks and driveways were covered in earth and in season one the Dobbie Mansion was used for about a week of indoor filming. Parts of the opening episode of Season three were filmed in Bristol in England.

text: For seasons one, two and three, filming locations included the Galt district of

text: Cambridge, Ontario

text: . Sidewalks and driveways were covered in earth and in season one the Dobbie Mansion was used for about a week of indoor filming. Parts of the opening episode of Season three were filmed in Bristol in England.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: filming locations

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: during the winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth is round

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: filming locations included the Galt district of Cambridge, Ontario.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Ontario.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Sidewalks and driveways were covered in earth and in season one

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Galt district of Cambridge, Ontario.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Galt district of Cambridge, Ontario.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Sidewalks and driveways were covered in earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Sidewalks and driveways were covered in earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: a week

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Sidewalks and driveways were covered in earth

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: three, filming locations included the Galt district of Cambridge, Ontario.

text: The radiation environment of deep space is different from that on the Earth's surface or in low Earth orbit, due to the much larger flux of high-energy galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), along with radiation from solar proton events (SPEs) and the radiation belts.

text: The radiation environment of deep space is different from that on the Earth's surface or in

text: low Earth orbit

text: , due to the much larger flux of high-energy galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), along with radiation from

text: solar proton event

text: s (SPEs) and the

text: radiation belt

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: radiation from solar proton events

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: deep space

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: different from that on the Earth's surface or in low Earth orbit

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: is not known

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: much larger flux of high-energy galactic cosmic rays

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar proton events

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The radiation environment of deep space

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: low Earth orbit,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: deep space is different from that on the Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth's surface or in low Earth orbit,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The radiation environment of deep space

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: low Earth orbit,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The radiation environment of deep space

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The radiation environment of deep space

text: Skepticism about the Equinox's EPA fuel economy ratings has been raised after a number of road tests at the model's launch achieved 20 to 30% lower fuel economy than the official EPA ratings. After achieving  in a road test, Edmunds InsideLine stated, "...our testing didn't come close to achieving [the EPA's numbers], even though we're usually within 1 mpg of the EPA combined number. " Car and Driver recorded another  figure and noted its "...fuel economy that won’t live up to the / EPA ratings in real-world use...". Green Car Reports recorded as much as  on a road trip, driving almost exclusively highway miles in "Eco" mode; this is about 20% below the published highway EPA rating. AutoWeek only averaged . The Truth About Cars published an editorial suggesting that GM "inflated" the Equinox's fuel economy ratings for public relations purposes and that the trip computer inaccurately reports fuel economy reported to the driver.

text: Skepticism about the Equinox's EPA fuel economy ratings has been raised after a number of road tests at the model's launch achieved 20 to 30% lower fuel economy than the official EPA ratings. After achieving  in a road test,

text: Edmunds InsideLine

text: stated, "...our testing didn't come close to achieving [the EPA's numbers], even though we're usually within 1 mpg of the EPA combined number. "

text: Car and Driver

text: recorded another  figure and noted its "...fuel economy that won’t live up to the / EPA ratings in real-world use...". Green Car Reports recorded as much as  on a road trip, driving almost exclusively highway miles in "Eco" mode; this is about 20% below the published highway EPA rating.

text: AutoWeek

text: only averaged .

text: The Truth About Cars

text: published an editorial suggesting that GM "inflated" the Equinox's fuel economy ratings for

text: public relations

text: purposes and that the trip computer inaccurately reports fuel economy reported to the driver.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: public relations purposes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 20 to 30% lower fuel economy than the official EPA ratings

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: public relations purposes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Eco" mode;

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 20 to 30% lower fuel economy than the official EPA ratings.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1 mpg of the EPA combined number.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 20 to 30% lower fuel economy than the official EPA ratings.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 20 to 30% lower fuel economy than the official EPA ratings.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 20 to 30% lower fuel economy than the official EPA ratings.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: EPA combined number.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 20 to 30% lower fuel economy than the official EPA ratings.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 20 to 30% lower fuel economy than the official EPA ratings.

text: Direct and diffuse components of solar radiation are calculated separately (see Earth's radiation balance).  Direct radiation is calculated as the sum of all direct (solar beam) radiation originating from visible (non-obscured) sky directions along the path of the sun.  Similarly, diffuse solar radiation is calculated as the sum of all diffuse radiation (scattered from the atmosphere) originating from any visible (non-obscured) sky directions (see diffuse sky radiation).  The sum of direct and diffuse components gives global radiation.

text: Direct and diffuse components of solar radiation are calculated separately (see

text: Earth's radiation balance

text: ).  Direct radiation is calculated as the sum of all direct (solar beam) radiation originating from visible (non-obscured) sky directions along the path of the sun.  Similarly, diffuse solar radiation is calculated as the sum of all diffuse radiation (scattered from the atmosphere) originating from any visible (non-obscured) sky directions (see

text: diffuse sky radiation

text: ).  The sum of direct and diffuse components gives global radiation.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's radiation balance

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: global

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: global radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's radiation balance

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Direct and diffuse components of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Direct radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Direct and diffuse components of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth's radiation balance).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: global radiation.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sun.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Direct and diffuse components of solar radiation are calculated separately

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's radiation balance).

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Direct and diffuse components of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Direct and diffuse components of solar radiation

text: Saturn's rings block the view of the northern hemisphere from Earth during the winter solstice, so historical data on the GWS is unavailable during this season, but the Cassini space probe has been able to observe the whole planet since it arrived shortly after the winter solstice in 2004.

text: Saturn's rings block the view of the northern hemisphere from Earth during the winter solstice, so historical data on the GWS is unavailable during this season, but the

text: Cassini space probe

text: has been able to observe the whole planet since it arrived shortly after the winter solstice in 2004.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Saturn's rings

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the northern hemisphere from Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's rotation on its axis

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Saturn's rings block the view of the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter solstice,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Saturn's rings block the view of the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter solstice,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter solstice,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter solstice,

text: Both the fast and slow solar wind can be interrupted by large, fast-moving bursts of plasma called interplanetary coronal mass ejections, or ICMEs. ICMEs are the interplanetary manifestation of solar coronal mass ejections, which are caused by release of magnetic energy at the Sun. CMEs are often called "solar storms" or "space storms" in the popular media. They are sometimes, but not always, associated with solar flares, which are another manifestation of magnetic energy release at the Sun. ICMEs cause shock waves in the thin plasma of the heliosphere, launching electromagnetic waves and accelerating particles (mostly protons and electrons) to form showers of ionizing radiation that precede the CME.

text: Both the fast and slow solar wind can be interrupted by large, fast-moving bursts of plasma called

text: interplanetary coronal mass ejection

text: s, or ICMEs. ICMEs are the interplanetary manifestation of solar

text: coronal mass ejections

text: , which are caused by release of magnetic energy at the Sun. CMEs are often called "solar storms" or "space storms" in the popular media. They are sometimes, but not always, associated with

text: solar flare

text: s, which are another manifestation of magnetic energy release at the Sun. ICMEs cause shock waves in the thin plasma of the heliosphere, launching electromagnetic

text: wave

text: s and accelerating particles (mostly

text: proton

text: s and

text: electrons

text: ) to form showers of

text: ionizing radiation

text: that precede the CME.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: release of magnetic energy at the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: heliosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: ICMEs cause shock waves in the thin plasma of the heliosphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: release of magnetic energy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar flares,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Both the fast and slow solar wind

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: slow solar wind

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: heliosphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Both the fast and slow solar wind

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Both the fast and slow solar wind

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: slow solar wind

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Both the fast and slow solar wind

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: interplanetary coronal mass ejections,

text: Martha Kent, Clark's adopted mother, is portrayed by Annette O'Toole. Martha, along with her husband Jonathan, gives Clark sage advice about how to cope with his growing abilities. In season two, Martha becomes pregnant with her first child—in the season two episode "Fever", Clark's spaceship heals her body and allows her to have children, something she physically could not do when she adopted Clark—but in season two's finale she suffers a miscarriage after an automobile accident. In order to help the family financially, Martha takes a job as Lionel Luthor's assistant in season two, but quits her job the same season in the episode "Suspect" for undisclosed reasons. She eventually takes over management duties at the local coffee shop, the Talon, in season four. She continues to manage the Talon into season five until Jonathan dies from a heart attack, which ultimately leads to her taking his state senate seat at the request of the Kansas Governor in season five's "Tomb". This eventually paves the way to a job in Washington, D.C. in season six's "Prototype", and the character's exit from the show. Martha would return in the season nine episode "Hostage", where it is revealed that she has been going under the code name "Red Queen" while she attempts to keep Clark off of the government agency Checkmate's radar. She ultimately leaves Clark with a means to send the season's threat, cloned Kryptonians, to another plane of existence. In the season nine finale, it is revealed that before Martha traveled back to Washington, D.C. that she left Clark a new costume to wear while he defends Earth.

text: Martha Kent

text: , Clark's adopted mother, is portrayed by

text: Annette O'Toole

text: . Martha, along with her husband Jonathan, gives Clark sage advice about how to cope with his growing abilities. In season two, Martha becomes pregnant with her first child—in the season two episode "Fever", Clark's spaceship heals her body and allows her to have children, something she physically could not do when she adopted Clark—but in season two's finale she suffers a miscarriage after an automobile accident. In order to help the family financially, Martha takes a job as Lionel Luthor's assistant in season two, but quits her job the same season in the episode "Suspect" for undisclosed reasons. She eventually takes over management duties at the local coffee shop, the Talon, in season four. She continues to manage the Talon into season five until Jonathan dies from a heart attack, which ultimately leads to her taking his

text: state senate

text: seat at the request of the Kansas Governor in season five's "Tomb". This eventually paves the way to a job in

text: Washington, D.C.

text: in

text: season six's

text: "Prototype", and the character's exit from the show. Martha would return in the season nine episode "Hostage", where it is revealed that she has been going under the code name "Red Queen" while she attempts to keep Clark off of the government agency Checkmate's radar. She ultimately leaves Clark with a means to send the season's threat, cloned Kryptonians, to another plane of existence. In the season nine finale, it is revealed that before Martha traveled back to Washington, D.C. that she left Clark a new costume to wear while he defends Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: In order to help the family financially

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Kansas

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in season two's finale she suffers a miscarriage

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: What is the time when daylight and nighttime hours are exactly equal?

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: undisclosed reasons.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Red Queen"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Martha

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Kansas

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Washington, D.C.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Martha

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Martha

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Martha

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Martha

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: "Red Queen"

text: Normally, as Earth gets colder due to natural climatic fluctuations and changes in incoming solar radiation, the cooling slows these weathering reactions. As a result, less carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere and Earth warms as this greenhouse gas accumulates — this 'negative feedback' process limits the magnitude of cooling. During the Cryogenian period, however, Earth's continents were all at tropical latitudes, which made this moderating process less effective, as high weathering rates continued on land even as Earth cooled. This let ice advance beyond the polar regions. Once ice advanced to within 30° of the equator, a positive feedback could ensue such that the increased reflectiveness (albedo) of the ice led to further cooling and the formation of more ice, until the whole Earth is ice-covered.

text: Normally, as Earth gets colder due to natural climatic fluctuations and changes in incoming solar radiation, the cooling slows these weathering reactions. As a result, less carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere and Earth warms as this greenhouse gas accumulates — this '

text: negative feedback

text: ' process limits the magnitude of cooling. During the

text: Cryogenian

text: period, however, Earth's continents were all at

text: tropical

text: latitudes, which made this moderating process less effective, as high weathering rates continued on land even as Earth cooled. This let ice advance beyond the polar regions. Once ice advanced to within 30° of the equator, a positive feedback could ensue such that the increased reflectiveness (

text: albedo

text: ) of the ice led to further cooling and the formation of more ice, until the whole Earth is ice-covered.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climatic fluctuations

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth gets colder

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 30° of the equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: natural climatic fluctuations and changes in incoming solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: incoming solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Normally, as Earth gets colder

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical latitudes,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: ice advance beyond the polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Once ice advanced to within 30°

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equator,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Normally, as Earth gets colder due to natural climatic fluctuations

text: An equivalent, more descriptive, definition is "The natural basis for computing passing tropical years is the mean longitude of the Sun reckoned from the precessionally moving equinox (the dynamical equinox or equinox of date).   Whenever the longitude reaches a multiple of 360 degrees the mean Sun crosses the vernal equinox and a new tropical year begins".   (Borkowski 1991, p. 122)

text: An equivalent, more descriptive, definition is "The natural basis for computing passing tropical years is the mean longitude of the Sun reckoned from the precessionally moving equinox (the dynamical equinox or equinox of date).   Whenever the longitude reaches a multiple of 360 degrees the mean Sun crosses the vernal equinox and a new tropical year begins".   (Borkowski 1991, p. 122)

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precessionally moving

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: precessionally moving

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precessionally moving equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: precessionally moving equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical years is the mean longitude of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: precessionally moving

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: precessionally moving equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox

text: The Earth receives 174,000 terawatts (TW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere. Approximately 30% is reflected back to space while the rest is absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses. The spectrum of solar light at the Earth's surface is mostly spread across the visible and near-infrared ranges with a small part in the near-ultraviolet. Most of the world's population live in areas with insolation levels of 150-300 watts/m², or 3.5-7.0 kWh/m² per day.

text: The Earth receives 174,000

text: terawatt

text: s (TW) of incoming solar radiation (

text: insolation

text: ) at the upper

text: atmosphere

text: . Approximately 30% is reflected back to space while the rest is absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses. The

text: spectrum

text: of solar light at the Earth's surface is mostly spread across the

text: visible

text: and

text: near-infrared

text: ranges with a small part in the

text: near-ultraviolet

text: . Most of the world's population live in areas with insolation levels of 150-300 watts/m², or 3.5-7.0

text: kWh

text: /m² per day.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: incoming solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 3.5-7.0 kWh/m2 per day

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a small part in the near-ultraviolet

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: clouds, oceans and land masses.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (insolation)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 3.5-7.0 kWh/m2 per day.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 3.5-7.0 kWh/m2 per day.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 3.5-7.0 kWh/m2 per day.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Approximately 30% is reflected back to space

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 3.5-7.0 kWh/m2 per day.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earth receives 174,000 terawatts

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 3.5-7.0 kWh/m2 per day.

text: Strictly speaking, at the equinox the Sun's ecliptic longitude is zero. Its latitude will not be exactly zero since the Earth is not exactly in the plane of the ecliptic. Its declination will not be exactly zero either. (The ecliptic is defined by the center of mass of the Earth and Moon combined.) The modern definition of equinox is the instants when the Sun's apparent geocentric longitude is 0° (northward equinox) or 180° (southward equinox). See the adjacent diagram.

text: Strictly speaking, at the equinox the Sun's ecliptic longitude is zero. Its latitude will not be exactly zero since the Earth is not exactly in the plane of the ecliptic. Its declination will not be exactly zero either. (The ecliptic is defined by the center of mass of the Earth and Moon combined.) The modern definition of equinox is the instants when the Sun's apparent geocentric longitude is 0° (northward equinox) or 180° (southward equinox). See the adjacent diagram.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The ecliptic is defined by the center of mass of the Earth and Moon combined

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: ecliptic longitude is zero

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: declination

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Sun's ecliptic longitude is zero

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Its latitude will not be exactly zero since the Earth is not exactly in the plane of the ecliptic

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Earth is not exactly in the plane of the ecliptic.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 180° (southward equinox).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Strictly speaking, at the equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 180°

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Sun's ecliptic longitude is zero.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the Earth is not exactly in the plane of the ecliptic.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: zero.

text: Sunlight is part of thermal radiation generated by the hot plasma of the Sun. The Earth also emits thermal radiation, but at a much lower intensity and different spectral distribution (infrared rather than visible) because it is cooler. The Earth's absorption of solar radiation, followed by its outgoing thermal radiation are the two most important processes that determine the temperature and climate of the Earth.

text: Sunlight

text: is part of thermal radiation generated by the hot

text: plasma

text: of the

text: Sun

text: . The

text: Earth

text: also emits thermal radiation, but at a much lower

text: intensity

text: and different

text: spectral distribution

text: (infrared rather than

text: visible

text: ) because it is cooler. The Earth's absorption of solar radiation, followed by its outgoing thermal radiation are the two most important processes that determine the temperature and climate of the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's absorption of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: infrared

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: infrared rather than visible

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's absorption of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Earth's absorption of solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Sunlight

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Sunlight is part of thermal radiation generated by the hot plasma of the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Sunlight

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Earth's absorption of solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cooler.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Earth also emits thermal radiation,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Sunlight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earth also emits thermal radiation,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Sunlight is part of thermal radiation generated by the hot plasma of the Sun.

text: Within the solar system, space weather is influenced by the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) carried by the solar wind plasma. A variety of physical phenomena are associated with space weather, including geomagnetic storms and substorms, energization of the Van Allen radiation belts, ionospheric disturbances and scintillation of satellite-to-ground radio signals and long-range radar signals, aurora and geomagnetically induced currents at Earth's surface. Coronal mass ejections and their associated shock waves are also important drivers of space weather as they can compress the magnetosphere and trigger geomagnetic storms. Solar energetic particles (SEP), accelerated by coronal mass ejections or solar flares, are also an important driver of space weather as they can damage electronics onboard spacecraft (e.g. Galaxy 15 failure), and threaten the lives of astronauts.

text: Within the

text: solar system

text: , space weather is influenced by the

text: solar wind

text: and the

text: interplanetary magnetic field

text: (IMF) carried by the solar wind

text: plasma

text: . A variety of physical phenomena are associated with space weather, including

text: geomagnetic storm

text: s and substorms, energization of the

text: Van Allen radiation belt

text: s, ionospheric disturbances and

text: scintillation

text: of satellite-to-ground radio signals and long-range radar signals,

text: aurora

text: and

text: geomagnetically induced current

text: s at Earth's surface.

text: Coronal mass ejection

text: s and their associated

text: shock wave

text: s are also important drivers of space weather as they can compress the

text: magnetosphere

text: and trigger

text: geomagnetic storm

text: s.

text: Solar energetic particles

text: (SEP), accelerated by coronal mass ejections or

text: solar flare

text: s, are also an important driver of space weather as they can damage electronics onboard spacecraft (e.g.

text: Galaxy 15

text: failure), and threaten the lives of

text: astronaut

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar energetic particles (SEP)

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Van Allen radiation belts

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: aurora

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: space weather is influenced by the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: aurora

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: space weather is influenced by the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Van Allen radiation belts,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: aurora

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Within the solar system, space weather is influenced by the solar wind

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Within the solar system,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: space weather is influenced by the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Within the solar system,

text: In the first season, the eponymous Galaxy Boy Troop, headed by a boy named Rob, travels across the galaxy to find a material that can restart Earth's dying Sun. In the second season, the Troop fights off an alien invasion of Earth. Along the way, they meet and interact with the elegant Amia people of Venus, and the oafish Poipoi people of Mars.

text: In the first season, the eponymous Galaxy Boy Troop, headed by a boy named Rob, travels across the galaxy to find a material that can restart Earth's dying Sun. In the second season, the Troop fights off an alien invasion of Earth. Along the way, they meet and interact with the elegant Amia people of Venus, and the oafish Poipoi people of Mars.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to find a material that can restart Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Venus

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the second season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's dying Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to find a material that can restart Earth's dying Sun.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: dying Sun.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth's dying Sun.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Venus,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sun.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth's dying Sun.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's dying Sun.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's dying Sun.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth's dying Sun.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Earth's dying Sun.

text: Equinox, in a sense, returned in "Time Out For Vengeance". It was revealed that when Bat Monolith destroyed Equinox, he shattered Equinox body and mind into twelve fragments across time and space. The part of Equinox that represented his hate and thirst for vengeance found its way into a supercomputer. There, he commissioned squadrons of robots infused with his essence, and sent them across time to eliminate the Batmen of different time periods. Almost immediately, Batman dissolved into thin air, and Rex Hunter arrived at the Justice League station to tell them the bad news. He, Martian Manhunter, and the rest of the Justice League International set out to save the Batmen of the past; Guy Gardner and Ice rescue a caveman Batman, Booster Gold and Blue Beetle rescue the Batman of pirate ages, and Fire and Aquaman go to the Roman Empire to save the Batman there. However, past and present in this universe occur at the same time, and events of the future can also affect the present. When the robot Batman of Equinox's time is captured and tortured, the Justice League returns to find their Batman has not returned, and only Rex and Manhunter can remember anything about him. The entire team, Rex excluded, go to rescue the robot Batman, but the remainder of Equinox's revenge squad is more than a match for them. Robot Batman summons up his will to break free, and an angered Equinox combines his minions into one massive robot, which his mind jumps into. Robot Batman uses his Batarang to overload Equinox's time portal generator, summoning the past Batmen who band together and battle Equinox. Equinox is obliterated, and in his wake his robots vanish and Batman returns to existence. However, the Justice League remembers that Equinox splintered into twelve fragments, and so there is every possibility that he can return.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: past and present in this universe occur at the same time

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Martian

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: when does the Justice League International set out to save the Batmen of the past

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: there is every possibility that he can return

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: present

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: events of the future can also affect the present.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Time Out For Vengeance".

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: past and present in this universe occur at the same time,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Batman

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Equinox splintered into twelve fragments,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: past and present

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: will

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox

text: The four main villains of the fourth season, who were responsible for the disappearance of fairies from Earth and imprisoning all of the Earth fairies. At some point, they had developed a way to resist fairy magic, which allowed them to capture the fairies of Earth, and steal all the magic from the planet. Throughout the first half of the season, they battle the Winx and almost every time the fairies barely make it out alive. However, as time went on the Winx earned Believix and became more accustomed to fighting them, and eventually were able to give them a real fight. They are defeated in the middle of the season by Bloom, with help from Roxy, who used her Believix powers to convince all of the humans in the area to believe that magic and fairies do indeed exist. This rendered all of the Wizards' powers useless, and made them vulnerable to Bloom's attack. In the beginning of the second half of the season, it is revealed that they are still alive, but their powers are weaker than before and they must hide in the sewers. Later on in the season, the Fairy Hunters claim to be good when Duman falls ill. Duman is taken care of by Sibylla, the Fairy of Justice afterwards, though his power goes out of control and he has to be killed. In the season finale, Ogron, Anagan, and Gantlos are frozen forever in the Omega Dimension. While all four Hunters seem to share certain powers, like opening a Dark Gate to capture fairies and cast dark enchantments, they also have individual powers.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the disappearance of fairies from Earth and imprisoning all of the Earth fairies

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Omega Dimension

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Ogron, Anagan, and Gantlos

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Winx earned Believix

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Omega Dimension

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: imprisoning all of the Earth fairies.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Omega Dimension.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Winx earned Believix

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: sewers.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sewers.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Throughout the first half of the season, they battle the Winx

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: they also have individual powers.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Omega Dimension.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Fairy Hunters

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Bloom,

text: Solar activity has a cycle of approximately 11 years. During this period, sunspot activity rises to a peak and gradually falls again to a low level. When sunspot activity increases, the reflecting capabilities of the F1 layer surrounding earth enable high frequency short-wave communications. The highest-reflecting layer, the F2 layer, which is approximately 200 miles (320 km) above earth, receives ultraviolet radiation from the sun, causing ionisation of the gases within this layer. During the daytime when sunspot activity is at a maximum, the F2 layer can become intensely ionized due to radiation from the sun. When solar activity is sufficiently high, the MUF (Maximum Usable Frequency) rises, hence the ionisation density is sufficient to reflect signals well into the 30 – 50 MHz VHF spectrum. Since the MUF progressively increases, F2 reception on lower frequencies can indicate potential low band 45-55 MHz VHF TV as well as VHF amateur radio paths. A rising MUF will initially affect the 27 MHz CB band, and the amateur 28 MHz 10 meters band before reaching 45-55 MHz TV and the 6 Meter amateur band. The F2 MUF generally increases at a slower rate compared to the Es MUF.

text: Solar activity has a

text: cycle

text: of approximately 11 years. During this period, sunspot activity rises to a peak and gradually falls again to a low level. When

text: sunspot

text: activity increases, the reflecting capabilities of the F1 layer surrounding earth enable high frequency short-wave communications. The highest-reflecting layer, the F2 layer, which is approximately 200 miles (320 km) above earth, receives

text: ultraviolet

text: radiation from the

text: sun

text: , causing

text: ionisation

text: of the gases within this layer. During the daytime when sunspot activity is at a maximum, the F2 layer can become intensely ionized due to radiation from the

text: sun

text: . When solar activity is sufficiently high, the MUF (Maximum Usable Frequency) rises, hence the ionisation density is sufficient to reflect signals well into the 30 – 50 MHz VHF spectrum. Since the MUF progressively increases, F2 reception on lower frequencies can indicate potential low band 45-55 MHz VHF TV as well as VHF amateur radio paths. A rising MUF will initially affect the 27 MHz

text: CB

text: band, and the amateur 28 MHz

text: 10 meters

text: band before reaching 45-55 MHz TV and the

text: 6 Meter

text: amateur band. The F2 MUF generally increases at a slower rate compared to the Es MUF.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar activity has a cycle

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: F2 layer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sunspot activity rises to a peak

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar activity has a cycle of approximately 11 years

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: nighttime

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar activity has a cycle of approximately 11 years.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sunspot

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 11 years.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 11 years.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: F2 layer,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: falls again to a low level.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 11 years.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 11 years.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 11 years.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 11 years.

text: Slight variations in Earth's orbit lead to changes in the seasonal distribution of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface and how it is distributed across the globe. There is very little change to the area-averaged annually averaged sunshine; but there can be strong changes in the geographical and seasonal distribution. The three types of orbital variations are variations in Earth's eccentricity, changes in the tilt angle of Earth's axis of rotation, and precession of Earth's axis. Combined together, these produce Milankovitch cycles which have a large impact on climate and are notable for their correlation to glacial and interglacial periods, their correlation with the advance and retreat of the Sahara, and for their appearance in the stratigraphic record.

text: Slight variations in Earth's orbit lead to changes in the seasonal distribution of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface and how it is distributed across the globe. There is very little change to the area-averaged annually averaged sunshine; but there can be strong changes in the geographical and seasonal distribution. The three types of orbital variations are variations in Earth's

text: eccentricity

text: , changes in

text: the tilt angle of Earth's axis of rotation

text: , and

text: precession

text: of Earth's axis. Combined together, these produce

text: Milankovitch cycles

text: which have a large impact on climate and are notable for their correlation to

text: glacial

text: and

text: interglacial period

text: s, their correlation with the advance and retreat of the

text: Sahara

text: , and for their

text: appearance

text: in the

text: stratigraphic record

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: variations in Earth's orbit

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sunlight reaching the Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: changes in the geographical and seasonal distribution

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasonal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Slight variations in Earth's orbit

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: precession

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasonal distribution of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: There is very little change to the area-averaged annually averaged sunshine;

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sunlight

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: There is very little change to the area-averaged annually averaged sunshine;

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: annually

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: changes in the tilt angle

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Slight variations in Earth's orbit

text: Tamil Nadu has rain during the monsoon season due to the south west trade winds which blow towards the northern hemisphere. Tamil Nadu receives rainfall in the winter season due to north-west trade winds.

text: Tamil Nadu has rain during the monsoon season due to the south west trade winds which blow towards the northern hemisphere. Tamil Nadu receives rainfall in the winter season due to north-west trade winds.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: south west trade winds

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: south west trade winds which blow towards the northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: monsoon season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Tamil Nadu has rain during the monsoon season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Tamil Nadu

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Tamil Nadu receives rainfall

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: south west trade winds which blow towards the northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: monsoon season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: north-west trade winds.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Tamil Nadu

text: The hemisphere of the Earth experiencing daytime at any given instant changes continuously as the planet rotates on its own axis. The axis of the Earth's rotation is not perpendicular to the plane of its orbit around the Sun (which is parallel with the direction of sunlight), and so the length of the daytime period varies from one point on the planet to another. Additionally, since the axis of rotation is relatively fixed in comparison to the stars, it moves with respect to the Sun as the planet orbits the star. This creates seasonal variations in the length of the daytime period at most points on the planet's surface.

text: The

text: hemisphere

text: of the Earth experiencing daytime at any given instant changes continuously as the planet rotates on its own axis. The axis of the Earth's rotation is not perpendicular to the plane of its

text: orbit

text: around the

text: Sun

text: (which is parallel with the direction of sunlight), and so the length of the daytime period varies from one point on the planet to another. Additionally, since the axis of rotation is relatively fixed in comparison to the stars, it moves with respect to the Sun as the planet orbits the star. This creates seasonal variations in the length of the daytime period at most points on the planet's surface.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the planet rotates on its own axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: this creates seasonal variations

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the length of the daytime period varies from one point on the planet to another

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: nighttime

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: it moves with respect to the Sun as the planet orbits the star.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasonal

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasonal variations in the length of the daytime period

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: seasonal variations

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seasonal variations in the length of the daytime period

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: changes continuously as the planet rotates on its own axis.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daytime

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: not perpendicular to the plane of its orbit around the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The hemisphere of the Earth experiencing daytime

text: These festivals correspond to the cycles of Nature (animal mating, seasons, planting and harvest) and the cycles of the Sun (Solstices and Equinoxes) . These are:

text: These festivals correspond to the cycles of Nature (animal mating, seasons, planting and harvest) and the cycles of the Sun (Solstices and Equinoxes) . These are:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: animal mating

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solstices

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Solstices

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cycles of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Solstices

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cycles of Nature

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinoxes).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (Solstices and Equinoxes).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: cycles of the Sun (Solstices and Equinoxes).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (Solstices and Equinoxes).

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cycles of the Sun (Solstices and Equinoxes).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the cycles of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinoxes).

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the cycles of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: (Solstices and Equinoxes).

text: The figure on the left is an example of an analemma as seen from the Earth's northern hemisphere. It is a plot of the position of the Sun at 12:00 noon at Royal Observatory, Greenwich, England (latitude 51.48°N, longitude 0.0015°W) during the year 2006. The horizontal axis is the azimuth angle in degrees (180° is facing south). The vertical axis is the altitude in degrees above the horizon. The first day of each month is shown in black, and the solstices and equinoxes are shown in green. It can be seen that the equinoxes occur at altitude , and the solstices occur at altitudes  where ε is the axial tilt of the earth, 23.439°. The analemma is plotted with its width highly exaggerated, revealing a slight asymmetry (due to the two-week misalignment between the apsides of the Earth's orbit and its solstices).

text: The figure on the left is an example of an analemma as seen from the Earth's

text: northern hemisphere

text: . It is a plot of the position of the Sun at 12:00 noon at

text: Royal Observatory, Greenwich

text: , England (

text: latitude

text: longitude

text: 0.0015°W) during the year 2006. The horizontal axis is the

text: azimuth

text: angle in degrees (180° is facing south). The vertical axis is the

text: altitude

text: in degrees above the horizon. The first day of each month is shown in black, and the

text: solstice

text: s and

text: equinox

text: es are shown in green. It can be seen that the equinoxes occur at altitude , and the solstices occur at altitudes  where ε is the

text: axial tilt

text: of the earth, 23.439°. The analemma is plotted with its width highly exaggerated, revealing a slight asymmetry (due to the two-week misalignment between the

text: apsides

text: of the Earth's orbit and its

text: solstice

text: s).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's orbit and its solstices

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: altitudes where  is the axial tilt of the earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the equinoxes occur at altitude

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: axial tilt of the earth,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Royal Observatory, Greenwich, England

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 23.439°.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the equinoxes occur at altitude,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 23.439°.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2006.

text: The first Aeon of Isis was maternal, where the female aspect of the Godhead was revered due to a mostly matriarchal society and the idea that "Mother Earth" nourished, clothed and housed man closed in the womb of Matrix. It was characterized by pagan worship of the Mother and Nature. In his Equinox of the Gods Crowley describes this period as "simple, quiet, easy, and pleasant; the material ignores the spiritual" (Equinox of the Gods).

text: The first Aeon of Isis was maternal, where the female aspect of the Godhead was revered due to a mostly

text: matriarchal society

text: and the idea that "

text: Mother Earth

text: " nourished, clothed and housed man closed in the womb of Matrix. It was characterized by

text: pagan worship

text: of the Mother and Nature. In his Equinox of the Gods Crowley describes this period as "simple, quiet, easy, and pleasant; the material ignores the spiritual" (Equinox of the Gods).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: pagan worship of the Mother and Nature

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox of the Gods

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the material ignores the spiritual

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a mostly matriarchal society

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox of the Gods

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Matrix.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: "Mother Earth"

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox of the Gods

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the material ignores the spiritual"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "Mother Earth"

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox of the Gods

text: The spring equinox Earth Day is celebrated around the world in many cities with ringing of peace bells. Earth Day has been celebrated annually on the spring equinox for 43 years at the United Nations with ringing of the UN Peace Bell. The practice began in 1971 when UN Secretary General U Thant rang the UN Peace Bell and issued a proclamation declaring Earth Day on the equinox. Ringing a Peace Bell has occurred in Vienna, Berlin, and elsewhere. A memorable event took place at the UN in Geneva in 2011, celebrating a Minute for Peace ringing the Japanese Shinagawa Peace Bell with the help of the Geneva Friendship Association and the Global Youth Foundation. directly after deep mourning about the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant catastrophe 10 days before.

text: The spring equinox Earth Day is celebrated around the world in many cities with ringing of peace bells. Earth Day has been celebrated annually on the spring equinox for 43 years at the United Nations with ringing of the

text: UN Peace Bell

text: . The practice began in 1971 when UN Secretary General U Thant rang the UN Peace Bell and issued a proclamation declaring Earth Day on the

text: equinox

text: . Ringing a Peace Bell has occurred in Vienna, Berlin, and elsewhere. A memorable event took place at the UN in Geneva in 2011, celebrating a Minute for Peace ringing the Japanese Shinagawa Peace Bell with the help of the Geneva Friendship Association and the Global Youth Foundation. directly after deep mourning about the

text: Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

text: catastrophe 10 days before.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth Day

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth Day is celebrated around the world

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth Day has been celebrated annually on the spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth Day is celebrated around the world in many cities

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring equinox

text: At most about 75% of the solar energy actually reaches the earth's surface, as even with a cloudless sky it is partially reflected and absorbed by the atmosphere. Even light cirrus clouds reduce this to 50%, stronger cirrus clouds to 40%. Thus the solar energy arriving at the surface can vary from 550 W/m² with cirrus clouds to 1025 W/m² with a clear sky.

text: At most about 75% of the solar energy actually reaches the earth's surface, as even with a cloudless sky it is partially reflected and absorbed by the atmosphere. Even light cirrus clouds reduce this to 50%, stronger cirrus clouds to 40%. Thus the solar energy arriving at the surface can vary from 550 W/m² with cirrus clouds to 1025 W/m² with a clear sky.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar energy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1025 W/m2 with a clear sky

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar energy arriving at the surface can vary

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar energy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1025 W/m2 with a clear sky.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 75% of the solar energy actually reaches the earth's surface,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 550 W/m2

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 75% of the solar energy

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 75% of the solar energy actually reaches the earth's surface,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 75% of the solar energy

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 75% of the solar energy actually reaches the earth's surface,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 75% of the solar energy actually reaches the earth's surface,

text: The word "cardinal" originates from the Latin word for "hinge," since they each mark the turning point of a temperate season. They were called moveable by traditional astrologers because, as Bonatti says, the "air" changes when the Sun enters each of these signs, bringing a change of season. Sometimes the word cardinal is confused with the word angular.  Angular signs are those signs which are located on the astrological angles of any given natal chart. Angular houses may be cardinal, fixed or mutable, depending on the birth time of the chart, but only Aries, Cancer, Libra, and Capricorn are cardinal signs. Their starts are related to equinoxes and solstices.

text: The word "cardinal" originates from the

text: Latin

text: word for "hinge," since they each mark the turning point of a temperate season. They were called moveable by traditional astrologers because, as

text: Bonatti

text: says, the "air" changes when the

text: Sun

text: enters each of these signs, bringing a change of season. Sometimes the word cardinal is confused with the word

text: angular

text: .  Angular signs are those signs which are located on the

text: astrological angle

text: s of any given

text: natal chart

text: . Angular houses may be cardinal,

text: fixed

text: or

text: mutable

text: , depending on the birth time of the chart, but only Aries, Cancer, Libra, and Capricorn are cardinal signs. Their starts are related to

text: equinox

text: es and

text: solstice

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the "air" changes when the Sun enters each of these signs

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: related to equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the "air" changes when the Sun enters each of these signs,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Angular signs

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: temperate season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: temperate season.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equinoxes and solstices.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: starts are related to equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "cardinal" originates from the Latin word for "hinge,"

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: equinoxes and solstices.

text: Surface oceanic currents are sometimes wind driven and develop their typical clockwise spirals in the northern hemisphere and counter-clockwise rotation in the southern hemisphere due to imposed wind stresses. In these wind driven currents, the Ekman spiral effect results in the currents flowing at an angle to the driving winds. In addition, the areas of surface ocean currents move somewhat with the seasons; this is most notable in equatorial currents.

text: Surface oceanic currents are sometimes wind driven and develop their typical clockwise spirals in the

text: northern hemisphere

text: and counter-clockwise rotation in the

text: southern hemisphere

text: due to imposed wind stresses. In these wind driven currents, the

text: Ekman spiral

text: effect results in the currents flowing at an angle to the driving winds. In addition, the areas of surface ocean currents move somewhat with the

text: season

text: s; this is most notable in equatorial currents.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: imposed wind stresses

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: surface oceanic currents move somewhat with the seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Clockwise

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: imposed wind stresses.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasons;

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: clockwise spirals in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the areas of surface ocean currents move somewhat with the seasons;

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: clockwise

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: clockwise spirals in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: clockwise spirals in the northern hemisphere

text: Influenza reaches peak prevalence in winter, and because the Northern and Southern Hemispheres have winter at different times of the year, there are actually two different flu seasons each year. This is why the World Health Organization (assisted by the National Influenza Centers) makes recommendations for two different vaccine formulations every year; one for the Northern, and one for the Southern Hemisphere.

text: Influenza reaches peak prevalence in winter, and because the

text: Northern

text: and

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: s have winter at different times of the year, there are actually two different flu seasons each year. This is why the World Health Organization (assisted by the

text: National Influenza Centers

text: ) makes recommendations for two different vaccine formulations every year; one for the Northern, and one for the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter at different times of the year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: influenza reaches peak prevalence

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter at different times of the year,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Influenza reaches peak prevalence in winter,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern and Southern Hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Influenza reaches peak prevalence

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: different times of the year,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Influenza reaches peak prevalence in winter,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Influenza reaches peak prevalence in winter,

text: On July 1, 2012, Walter made his regular season CFL Debut with the Calgary Stampeders. In his first three seasons in the CFL Walter saw his rushing carries increase from 27, to 49 to 79 in 2014. His rushing yards also increased each season, starting at 191 in his rookie season, climbing to  243 in 2013 and then 453 yards in the 2014 season. Following the 2014 CFL season Walter re-signed with Calgary Stampeders.

text: On July 1, 2012, Walter made his regular season CFL Debut with the Calgary Stampeders. In his first three seasons in the CFL Walter saw his rushing carries increase from 27, to 49 to 79 in 2014. His rushing yards also increased each season, starting at 191 in his rookie season, climbing to  243 in 2013 and then 453 yards in the 2014 season. Following the

text: 2014 CFL season

text: Walter re-signed with Calgary Stampeders.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Walter saw his rushing carries increase from 27, to 49 to 79 in 2014

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: His rushing yards also increased each season,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 79 in 2014.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: July 1, 2012,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Calgary Stampeders.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Calgary Stampeders.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: July 1, 2012,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: July 1, 2012,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: July 1,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 79 in 2014.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: July 1,

text: This day marks the approximate midpoint of autumn in the Northern Hemisphere and of spring in the Southern Hemisphere (starting the season at the September equinox).

text: This day marks the approximate midpoint of autumn in the Northern Hemisphere and of spring in the Southern Hemisphere (starting the season at the September equinox).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: September equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: will the sun be out

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: autumn in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: the September equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: September equinox).

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: September equinox).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: September equinox).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: September equinox).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: spring in the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (starting the season at the September equinox).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: September equinox).

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: September equinox).

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring in the Southern Hemisphere

text: The trough is usually aligned on a north-south axis, and rotated to track the sun as it moves across the sky each day. Alternatively, the trough can be aligned on an east-west axis; this reduces the overall efficiency of the collector due to cosine loss but only requires the trough to be aligned with the change in seasons, avoiding the need for tracking motors.  This tracking method approaches theoretical efficiencies at the spring and fall equinoxes with less accurate focusing of the light at other times during the year.  The daily motion of the sun across the sky also introduces errors, greatest at the sunrise and sunset and smallest at solar noon.  Due to these sources of error, seasonally adjusted parabolic troughs are generally designed with a lower concentration acceptance product.

text: The trough is usually aligned on a north-south axis, and rotated to track the sun as it moves across the sky each day. Alternatively, the trough can be aligned on an east-west axis; this reduces the overall efficiency of the collector due to cosine loss but only requires the trough to be aligned with the change in

text: season

text: s, avoiding the need for tracking motors.  This tracking method approaches theoretical efficiencies at the spring and fall

text: equinox

text: es with less accurate focusing of the light at other times during the year.  The daily motion of the sun across the sky also introduces errors, greatest at the sunrise and sunset and smallest at solar noon.  Due to these sources of error, seasonally adjusted parabolic troughs are generally designed with a lower

entity_section: Concentration acceptance product .28CAP.29

text: concentration acceptance product

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The daily motion of the sun across the sky also introduces errors

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar noon

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solar noon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: less accurate focusing of the light at other times during the year

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring and fall equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar noon

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The daily motion of the sun across the sky also introduces errors,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar noon.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring and fall equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: spring and fall equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sunrise and sunset

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: fall equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring and fall equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar noon.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: north-south axis,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: fall equinoxes

text: Among the most obvious patterns that the size distribution time series shows is that in the planet’s most southerly latitudes, nearly all the aerosols are large, but in the high northern latitudes, smaller aerosols are very abundant. Most of the Southern Hemisphere is covered by ocean, where the largest source of aerosols is natural sea salt from dried sea spray. Because land is concentrated in the Northern Hemisphere, the amount of small aerosols from fires and human activities is greater there than in the Southern Hemisphere. Over land, patches of large-radius aerosols appear over deserts and arid regions, most prominently, the Sahara Desert in north Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, where dust storms are common. Places where human-triggered or natural fire activity is common (land-clearing fires in the Amazon from August–October, for example, or lightning-triggered fires in the forests of northern Canada in Northern Hemisphere summer) are dominated by smaller aerosols. Human-produced (fossil fuel) pollution is largely responsible for the areas of small aerosols over developed areas such as the eastern United States and Europe, especially in their summer.

text: Among the most obvious patterns that the size distribution time series shows is that in the planet’s most southerly latitudes, nearly all the aerosols are large, but in the high northern latitudes, smaller aerosols are very abundant. Most of the Southern Hemisphere is covered by ocean, where the largest source of aerosols is natural sea salt from dried sea spray. Because land is concentrated in the Northern Hemisphere, the amount of small aerosols from fires and human activities is greater there than in the Southern Hemisphere. Over land, patches of large-radius aerosols appear over deserts and arid regions, most prominently, the

text: Sahara Desert

text: in north Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, where dust storms are common. Places where human-triggered or natural fire activity is common (land-clearing fires in the Amazon from August–October, for example, or lightning-triggered fires in the forests of northern Canada in Northern Hemisphere summer) are dominated by smaller aerosols. Human-produced (fossil fuel) pollution is largely responsible for the areas of small aerosols over developed areas such as the eastern United States and Europe, especially in their summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Most of the Southern Hemisphere is covered by ocean

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: high northern latitudes, smaller aerosols are very abundant

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Human-produced (fossil fuel) pollution

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Northern Hemisphere summer)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: eastern United States and Europe,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: eastern United States and Europe, especially in their summer.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: smaller aerosols

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: smaller aerosols are very abundant.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: in the high northern latitudes,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: August–October,

text: Fuller had an occultist side that oddly mixed with his military side.  He was an early disciple of English poet and magician Aleister Crowley, and was very familiar with his and other forms of magick and mysticism.  While serving in the First Oxfordshire Light Infantry he had entered and won a contest to write the best review of Crowley's poetic works, after which it turned out that he was the only entrant.  This essay was later published in book form in 1907 as The Star in the West.  After this he became an enthusiastic supporter of Crowley, joining his magical order, the A∴A∴., within which he became a leading member, editing order documents and its journal, The Equinox. During this period he wrote The Treasure House of Images, edited early sections of Crowley's magical autobiography The Temple of Solomon the King and produced highly regarded paintings dealing with A∴A∴ teachings: these paintings have been used in recent years as the covers of the journal's revival, The Equinox, Volume IV.

text: Fuller had an

text: occultist

text: side that oddly mixed with his military side.  He was an early disciple of English poet and magician

text: Aleister Crowley

text: , and was very familiar with his and other forms of

text: magick

text: and

text: mysticism

text: .  While serving in the

text: First Oxfordshire Light Infantry

text: he had entered and won a contest to write the best review of Crowley's poetic works, after which it turned out that he was the only entrant.  This essay was later published in book form in 1907 as The Star in the West.  After this he became an enthusiastic supporter of Crowley, joining his magical order, the

text: A∴A∴

text: ., within which he became a leading member, editing order documents and its journal,

text: The Equinox

text: . During this period he wrote The Treasure House of Images, edited early sections of Crowley's magical autobiography The Temple of Solomon the King and produced highly regarded paintings dealing with A∴A∴ teachings: these paintings have been used in recent years as the covers of the journal's revival, The Equinox, Volume IV.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Equinox, Volume IV.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: journal's revival

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: A<unk>A<unk> teachings:

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The Star in the West.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A<unk>A<unk>

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: First Oxfordshire

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: West.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: he became a leading member, editing order documents and its journal,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: The Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Aleister Crowley,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Equinox.

text: The Winter Olympics has been hosted on three continents by eleven different countries. The Games have been held in the United States four times (1932, 1960, 1980, 2002); in France three times (1924, 1968, 1992); and in Austria (1964, 1976), Canada (1988, 2010), Japan (1972, 1998), Italy (1956, 2006), Norway (1952, 1994), and Switzerland (1928, 1948) twice. Also, the Games have been held in Germany (1936), Yugoslavia (1984), and Russia (2014) once. The IOC has selected Pyeongchang, South Korea, to host the 2018 Winter Olympics and Beijing, China, to host the 2022 Winter Olympics. No city in the southern hemisphere has hosted or even been an applicant to host the Winter Olympics; the major challenge preventing one hosting the games is the dependence on winter weather, and the traditional February timing of the games falls in the middle of the southern hemisphere summer.

text: The Winter Olympics has been hosted on three continents by eleven different countries. The Games have been held in the

text: United States

text: four times (1932, 1960, 1980, 2002); in

text: France

text: three times (1924, 1968, 1992); and in

text: Austria

text: (1964, 1976),

text: Canada

text: (1988, 2010),

text: Japan

text: (1972, 1998),

text: Italy

text: (1956, 2006),

text: Norway

text: (1952, 1994), and

text: Switzerland

text: (1928, 1948) twice. Also, the Games have been held in

text: Germany

text: Yugoslavia

text: (1984), and

text: Russia

text: (2014) once. The IOC has selected

text: Pyeongchang

text: South Korea

text: , to host the

text: 2018 Winter Olympics

text: and

text: Beijing

text: China

text: , to host the

text: 2022 Winter Olympics

text: . No city in the

text: southern hemisphere

text: has hosted or even been an applicant to host the Winter Olympics; the major challenge preventing one hosting the games is the dependence on winter weather, and the traditional February timing of the games falls in the middle of the southern hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Winter Olympics has been hosted on three continents by eleven different countries

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter weather,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: middle of the southern hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: No city in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: middle of the southern hemisphere summer.

text: Mace's CFL rights were traded by the Toronto Argonauts on August 22, 2010 in exchange for non-import linebacker Tristan Black. After the Argonauts traded Mace's rights to the Stampeders he signed a contract on Aug 29, 2010 to join the Stampeders for the remainder of the 2010 CFL season. Despite being drafted by the Blue Bombers as well as being a member of both the Tiger-Cats and Argonauts Mace did not receive any CFL playing time until the 2010 CFL season. Mace appreared in 8 games for the Stamps during the 2010 season. He recovered a fumble and returned it 60 yards to the endzone, his only professional touchdown to date. In Week 1 of the 2011 CFL season Mace suffered a ruptured Achilles tendon which caused him to miss the remainder of the season. Mace played a more significant role in the 2012 CFL season recording 25 tackles and 1 sack. Mace suffered a torn shoulder labrum in Week 1 of the 2013 CFL season which caused him to  undergo season-ending surgery. Mace only played in 8 of the 18 regular season game during the 2014 CFL season. He played in both of the Stamps playoff games, and won the 102nd Grey Cup. Following the 2014 season Mace and the Stampeders agreed to terms of a new contract, preventing him from becoming a free-agent.

text: Mace's CFL rights were traded by the

text: Toronto Argonauts

text: on August 22, 2010 in exchange for non-import linebacker

text: Tristan Black

text: . After the Argonauts traded Mace's rights to the Stampeders he signed a contract on Aug 29, 2010 to join the Stampeders for the remainder of the 2010 CFL season. Despite being drafted by the Blue Bombers as well as being a member of both the Tiger-Cats and Argonauts Mace did not receive any CFL playing time until the

text: 2010 CFL season

text: . Mace appreared in 8 games for the Stamps during the 2010 season. He recovered a fumble and returned it 60 yards to the endzone, his only professional touchdown to date. In Week 1 of the

text: 2011 CFL season

text: Mace suffered a ruptured Achilles tendon which caused him to miss the remainder of the season. Mace played a more significant role in the

text: 2012 CFL season

text: recording 25 tackles and 1 sack. Mace suffered a torn shoulder labrum in Week 1 of the

text: 2013 CFL season

text: which caused him to  undergo season-ending surgery. Mace only played in 8 of the 18 regular season game during the

text: 2014 CFL season

text: . He played in both of the Stamps playoff games, and won the

text: 102nd Grey Cup

text: . Following the 2014 season Mace and the Stampeders agreed to terms of a new contract, preventing him from becoming a

text: free-agent

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mace did not receive any CFL playing time until the 2010 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mace suffered a ruptured Achilles tendon

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: August 22, 2010

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Toronto Argonauts

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2011 CFL season Mace suffered a ruptured Achilles tendon

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: August 22, 2010

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: August 22, 2010

text: Jesse Quick appears in season 2 of the TV series The Flash, portrayed by Violett Beane. A native of Earth 2, Jesse Chambers Wells (nicknamed "Jesse Quick") is the daughter of Earth-2 Harrison Wells (Tom Cavanagh), and is held hostage by Zoom early in the season, forcing her father to travel to Earth-1 to team up with the Flash (Grant Gustin) and his friends. Later in the season, they successfully rescue Jesse from Zoom, and during an attempt at recreating the Flash's original accident to restore his powers, she is bathed in dark matter energy. Barry is able to use the Speed Force to bring Jesse out of her coma, and she does not appear to manifest any special abilities. After Zoom is defeated in the season 2 finale, Jesse returns to Earth-2 alongside her father. She returned in season 3 as her superhero name Jesse Quick. Her super speed awakened due to the delayed effects of the dark matter, and her father was hesitant about her desire to become a superhero. Eventually, he's convinced after Jesse aids Flash in defeating Magenta, gives Jesse a new costume, and decides that the two should stay in Earth-1 for a bit for Barry to teach Jesse more about her powers. Eventually she goes back to her world with her father to help protect it. Photos taken from the set confirm she will return during the back half of season 3

text: Jesse Quick appears in season 2 of the TV series

text: The Flash

text: , portrayed by

text: Violett Beane

text: . A native of Earth 2, Jesse Chambers Wells (nicknamed "Jesse Quick") is the daughter of Earth-2 Harrison Wells (

text: Tom Cavanagh

text: ), and is held hostage by

text: Zoom

text: early in the season, forcing her father to travel to Earth-1 to team up with

text: the Flash

text: Grant Gustin

text: ) and his friends. Later in the season, they successfully rescue Jesse from Zoom, and during an attempt at recreating the Flash's original accident to restore his powers, she is bathed in dark matter energy. Barry is able to use the

text: Speed Force

text: to bring Jesse out of her coma, and she does not appear to manifest any special abilities. After Zoom is defeated in the season 2 finale, Jesse returns to Earth-2 alongside her father. She returned in season 3 as her superhero name Jesse Quick. Her super speed awakened due to the delayed effects of the dark matter, and her father was hesitant about her desire to become a superhero. Eventually, he's convinced after Jesse aids Flash in defeating Magenta, gives Jesse a new costume, and decides that the two should stay in Earth-1 for a bit for Barry to teach Jesse more about her powers. Eventually she goes back to her world with her father to help protect it. Photos taken from the set confirm she will return during the back half of season 3

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: She returned in season 3 as her superhero name Jesse Quick

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth-1

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the back half of season 3

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-1

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Barry to teach Jesse more about her powers.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: super speed

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth 2,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth 2,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 3

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth 2,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth 2,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth 2,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2,

text: The core of the Equinox Summit: Energy 2030 consisted of three days of working sessions where, under the mentorship of a team of seasoned advisors, a quorum of scientific experts in collaboration with a forum of next-generation leaders will discuss the recommendations and implementation strategies.

text: The core of the Equinox Summit: Energy 2030 consisted of three days of working sessions where, under the mentorship of a team of seasoned advisors, a quorum of scientific experts in collaboration with a forum of next-generation leaders will discuss the recommendations and implementation strategies.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: three days of working sessions

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasoned advisors,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The core of the Equinox Summit:

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: seasoned advisors,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: under the mentorship of a team of seasoned advisors,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The core of the Equinox Summit: Energy 2030

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox Summit: Energy 2030

text: Equinox to equinox in line with the sun's seasonal influence, the Antarctic ice pack fluctuates from an average minimum of  in March to about  in September, more than a sevenfold increase in area.

text: Equinox

text: to equinox in line with the sun's seasonal influence, the Antarctic ice pack fluctuates from an average minimum of  in March to about  in September, more than a sevenfold increase in area.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Antarctic

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it fluctuates

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: sun's seasonal influence,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox to equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox to equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: the Antarctic ice pack

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Antarctic ice pack

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Antarctic ice pack fluctuates from an average minimum of in March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in line with the sun's seasonal influence,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox to equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox to equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September,

text: The two dominant vegetation types of this mountain region, forests and meadows, have very distinct differences in their microclimates.  The amount of solar radiation and UV exposure can vary substantially in our northern latitude largely based on the time of day, slope, season, cloud cover and vegetation. Temperatures adjust accordingly to this solar radiation and exposure.  The parklands of this montane region have a much larger range of temperatures as compared to the hemlock forests. The range can be as much as 50 °F (25 °C) while the range in the forests rarely exceeds 20 °F (10 °C). This is due to the canopy of the trees, creating a much more protected environment as compared to the open meadows.  In addition soil temperatures directly impact biological activity affecting soil organisms and root systems. Daily and season temperature changes greatly affect the soils' heat loss and gain. However, the snowpack acts as an insulating buffer against temperature change in soils. The mountain hemlock forests are the wettest and coldest of the Cascade forest zones.

text: The two dominant vegetation types of this mountain region, forests and meadows, have very distinct differences in their

text: microclimate

text: s.  The amount of solar radiation and UV exposure can vary substantially in our northern latitude largely based on the time of day, slope, season, cloud cover and vegetation. Temperatures adjust accordingly to this solar radiation and exposure.  The parklands of this montane region have a much larger range of temperatures as compared to the hemlock forests. The range can be as much as 50 °F (25 °C) while the range in the forests rarely exceeds 20 °F (10 °C). This is due to the canopy of the trees, creating a much more protected environment as compared to the open meadows.  In addition soil temperatures directly impact biological activity affecting soil organisms and root systems. Daily and season temperature changes greatly affect the soils' heat loss and gain. However, the snowpack acts as an insulating buffer against temperature change in soils. The mountain hemlock forests are the wettest and coldest of the Cascade forest zones.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: daily and season temperature changes greatly affect the soils' heat loss and gain

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern latitude

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: temperature changes greatly affect the soils' heat loss and gain

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: daily and season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: time of day, slope, season, cloud cover and vegetation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Temperatures

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The parklands

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern latitude

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Daily and season temperature changes greatly affect the soils' heat loss and gain.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: UV exposure can vary substantially in our northern latitude

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: solar radiation and UV exposure can vary substantially in our northern latitude

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 50 °F

text: The second season features Empress Janelor and her generals Dungele and Warchimedes. The way the second season is structured is quite similar to that of the first, but involves more serious plot points such as the taking of hostages and plots to kill the team. Eventually, the entire base of the Campbellian empress is deployed, and only through the help of the airborne Nanbara Connection Base is Combattler V able to destroy it. However, Janelor manages to deploy an "Earth Bomb" which is supposed to destroy the Earth. Notably, the team is not dispirited, but are quite calm and instead happy for having the chance to fight to protect Earth. Just as it looks as though Earth will be destroyed, the "true" leader of the Campbellians, Deus, riding in a golden wagon, informs the team of the coup d'etat at Campbell, and stops the bomb seconds before it reaches the Earth.

text: The second season features Empress Janelor and her generals Dungele and Warchimedes. The way the second season is structured is quite similar to that of the first, but involves more serious plot points such as the taking of hostages and plots to kill the team. Eventually, the entire base of the Campbellian empress is deployed, and only through the help of the airborne Nanbara Connection Base is Combattler V able to destroy it. However, Janelor manages to deploy an "Earth Bomb" which is supposed to destroy the Earth. Notably, the team is not dispirited, but are quite calm and instead happy for having the chance to fight to protect Earth. Just as it looks as though Earth will be destroyed, the "true" leader of the Campbellians, Deus, riding in a golden wagon, informs the team of the

text: coup d'etat

text: at Campbell, and stops the bomb seconds before it reaches the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the second season is structured is quite similar to that of the first

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth Bomb

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Nanbara

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The second season is structured

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: not dispirited, but are quite calm

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth Bomb

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: taking of hostages and plots to kill the team.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Earth Bomb"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The second season features Empress Janelor

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Nanbara

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Campbell,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: "Earth Bomb" which is supposed to destroy the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the team is not dispirited, but are quite calm

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "Earth Bomb" which is supposed to destroy the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "Earth Bomb" which is supposed to destroy the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The second season features Empress Janelor

text: There is also a slightly greater seasonal difference in the incidence of solar radiation people receive in Rio de Janeiro (or about anywhere else in the Southern Hemisphere) in comparison to places in the Northern Hemisphere with similar climate and the same exact latitude as the Earth most closely approaches Sol (the local Sun) only 12 days after the Southern Hemisphere's summer solstice. See illustration at the article on the Earth's seasons.

text: There is also a slightly greater seasonal difference in the incidence of solar radiation people receive in Rio de Janeiro (or about anywhere else in the Southern Hemisphere) in comparison to places in the Northern Hemisphere with similar climate and the same exact latitude as the Earth most closely approaches Sol (the local Sun) only 12 days after the Southern Hemisphere's summer solstice. See illustration at the article on

text: the Earth's seasons

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth most closely approaches Sol

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 12 days after the Southern Hemisphere's summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 12 days after the Southern Hemisphere's summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Earth most closely approaches Sol (the local Sun)

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasonal difference in the incidence of solar radiation people receive in Rio de Janeiro

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 12 days

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: only 12 days

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Sol

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 12 days

text: The amount of solar radiation (insolation) in the Northern Hemisphere at 65° N seems to be related to occurrence of an ice age. Astronomical calculations show that 65° N summer insolation should increase gradually over the next 25,000 years. A regime of eccentricity lower than the current value will last for about the next 100,000 years. Changes in northern hemisphere summer insolation will be dominated by changes in obliquity ε. No declines in 65° N summer insolation, sufficient to cause a glacial period, are expected in the next 50,000 years.

text: The amount of solar radiation (

text: insolation

text: ) in the Northern Hemisphere at 65° N seems to be related to occurrence of an ice age. Astronomical calculations show that 65° N summer insolation should increase gradually over the next 25,000 years. A regime of eccentricity lower than the current value will last for about the next 100,000 years. Changes in northern hemisphere summer insolation will be dominated by changes in obliquity ε. No declines in 65° N summer insolation, sufficient to cause a glacial period, are expected in the next 50,000 years.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes in obliquity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 65° N

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 65° N summer insolation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer insolation

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: occurrence of an ice age.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: obliquity

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer insolation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 65° N summer

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The amount of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer insolation should increase gradually over the next 25,000 years.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: obliquity

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 65° N seems to be related to occurrence of an ice age.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 65° N seems to be related to occurrence of an ice age.

text: New Zealand has competed at most Winter Olympics since 1952, when Sir Roy McKenzie led a team. In 1992 Annelise Coberger became the first person from the Southern Hemisphere to win a medal at the Winter Olympics when she won silver in the slalom at Albertville in France.

text: New Zealand has competed at most

text: Winter Olympics

text: since

text: , when Sir

text: Roy McKenzie

text: led a team. In

text: Annelise Coberger

text: became the first person from the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: to win a medal at the

text: Winter Olympics

text: when she won silver in the slalom at

text: Albertville

text: in

text: France

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter and summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Winter Olympics since 1952,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter Olympics

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: New Zealand

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: New Zealand

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Winter Olympics

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter Olympics since 1952,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Winter Olympics since 1952,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: New Zealand has competed at most Winter Olympics since 1952,

text: South America is a continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest.

text: South America

text: is a

text: continent

text: of the

text: Americas

text: , situated entirely in the

text: Western Hemisphere

text: and mostly in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , with a relatively small portion in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: . It is bordered on the west by the

text: Pacific Ocean

text: and on the north and east by the

text: Atlantic Ocean

text: North America

text: and the

text: Caribbean Sea

text: lie to the northwest.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: South America is bordered on the west

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: South America is a continent of the Americas

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Pacific Ocean

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: South America

text: The cast of the first five seasons consisted of Richard Dean Anderson starring as Col. Jack O'Neill, Michael Shanks as Dr. Daniel Jackson, Amanda Tapping as Cpt./Maj. Samantha Carter (who would be promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel in Season 8 and to Colonel in the films), Christopher Judge as the Jaffa alien Teal'c, and Don S. Davis as Maj. Gen. George Hammond. Michael Shanks left the series after Season 5, and his function was assumed by Corin Nemec as the non-earth human Jonas Quinn in Season 6. Shanks continued to have a recurring role in season 6, rejoined the cast in Season 7, and stayed part of the main cast until the series' end. After Don S. Davis' departure from Stargate SG-1 after Season 7, Richard Dean Anderson's character was promoted to Brigadier General in Season 8; Anderson left the series' main cast after that season, but continued to appear periodically. Ben Browder and Beau Bridges replaced them as Lt. Col. Cameron Mitchell and Maj. Gen. Hank Landry in Season 9, respectively. The last actor to join the main cast was Claudia Black, who resumed her previously recurring role as Vala Mal Doran in Season 9.

text: The cast of the first five seasons consisted of

text: Richard Dean Anderson

text: starring as Col. Jack O'Neill,

text: Michael Shanks

text: as Dr. Daniel Jackson,

text: Amanda Tapping

text: as Cpt./Maj.

text: Samantha Carter

text: (who would be promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel in Season 8 and to Colonel in the films),

text: Christopher Judge

text: as the

text: Jaffa

text: alien

text: Teal'c

text: , and

text: Don S. Davis

text: as Maj. Gen.

text: George Hammond

text: . Michael Shanks left the series after Season 5, and his function was assumed by

text: Corin Nemec

text: as the non-earth human

text: Jonas Quinn

text: in Season 6. Shanks continued to have a recurring role in season 6, rejoined the cast in Season 7, and stayed part of the main cast until the series' end. After Don S. Davis' departure from Stargate SG-1 after Season 7, Richard Dean Anderson's character was promoted to Brigadier General in Season 8; Anderson left the series' main cast after that season, but continued to appear periodically.

text: Ben Browder

text: and

text: Beau Bridges

text: replaced them as Lt. Col.

text: Cameron Mitchell

text: and Maj. Gen.

text: Hank Landry

text: in Season 9, respectively. The last actor to join the main cast was

text: Claudia Black

text: , who resumed her previously recurring role as

text: Vala Mal Doran

text: in Season 9.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Michael Shanks left the series after Season 5, and his function was assumed by Corin Nemec as the non-earth human Jonas Quinn

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Season 8

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: season 6

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Don S. Davis' departure from Stargate SG-1

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 9.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 8

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Jaffa

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 9.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 9.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 9.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 8

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 9.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 9.

text: Voyager of the Seas alternates between Australia and New Zealand itineraries out of Sydney in Southern Hemisphere summer and Asia itineraries out of Singapore and Hong Kong in the Northern Hemisphere summer.

text: Voyager of the Seas alternates between

text: Australia

text: and

text: New Zealand

text: itineraries out of

text: Sydney

text: in

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: summer and

text: Asia

text: itineraries out of

text: Singapore

text: and

text: Hong Kong

text: in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: itineraries out of Singapore and Hong Kong

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Singapore and Hong Kong

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Southern Hemisphere summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Southern Hemisphere summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Asia itineraries out of Singapore and Hong Kong

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer

text: Arriving at the very end of the final episode of season 2, Volm are a race which claim to have been at war with the Espheni for longer than most Volm have been alive.  The Espheni took their planet long ago.  In Season 3, the Volm set up a base by Charleston, South Carolina, and are building a weapon to take down the Espheni defense grid for reinforcements to fight the Espheni. They succeed in taking down the defense grid by destroying the mothership in Boston and Volm reinforcements arrive led by the father of Cochise, the humans' main Volm ally. The Volm force the Espheni into retreating to the northern areas of the planet and plan to force the humans into safety in camps in Brazil, but Tom Mason is able to convince the Volm leader to let them stay and fight which the Volm never allow on planets they help. In Season 4 the greater Volm forces leave Earth to engage the Espheni who in the meantime attacked their young and brood mates. Its later revealed that the Volm gave up on Earth after the attack on their young and the devastating counterattack on humanity, but Cochise, the Volm leader who had aided the humans since the end of season 2, refuses to give up and remains behind on Earth with a small group of soldiers to continue the fight. During the attack on the Espheni power core at the end of season 4, the Volm mothership returns in time to aid in the destruction of the power core by destroying an attacking Beamer squadron. However, the Volm are not able to find Tom Mason's Beamer after it is blown into deep space. Tom is eventually rescued by the Dornia and continues working with Cochise and his men to fight the now-weakened Espheni. While Cochise nearly dies due to a failing organ, his father saves him with an organ transplant at the cost of his own life as he believes that Cochise's survival is more important to the Volm battle plan than his own. Cochise aids the human resistance in their war with the Espheni and takes part in the assault on Washington, D.C.. The Espheni are destroyed by Tom Mason in the series finalie Reborn with a Dornia bioweapon and the Volm war with them ends. A Volm delegation, including Cochise attends a united humanity's gathering to choose a new leader months after the invasion ends.

text: Arriving at the very end of the final episode of season 2, Volm are a race which claim to have been at war with the Espheni for longer than most Volm have been alive.  The Espheni took their planet long ago.  In Season 3, the Volm set up a base by Charleston, South Carolina, and are building a weapon to take down the Espheni defense grid for reinforcements to fight the Espheni. They succeed in taking down the defense grid by destroying the mothership in Boston and Volm reinforcements arrive led by the father of Cochise, the humans' main Volm ally. The Volm force the Espheni into retreating to the northern areas of the planet and plan to force the humans into safety in camps in

text: Brazil

text: , but Tom Mason is able to convince the Volm leader to let them stay and fight which the Volm never allow on planets they help. In Season 4 the greater Volm forces leave Earth to engage the Espheni who in the meantime attacked their young and brood mates. Its later revealed that the Volm gave up on Earth after the attack on their young and the devastating counterattack on humanity, but Cochise, the Volm leader who had aided the humans since the end of season 2, refuses to give up and remains behind on Earth with a small group of soldiers to continue the fight. During the attack on the Espheni power core at the end of season 4, the Volm mothership returns in time to aid in the destruction of the power core by destroying an attacking Beamer squadron. However, the Volm are not able to find Tom Mason's Beamer after it is blown into deep space. Tom is eventually rescued by the Dornia and continues working with Cochise and his men to fight the now-weakened Espheni. While Cochise nearly dies due to a failing organ, his father saves him with an organ transplant at the cost of his own life as he believes that Cochise's survival is more important to the Volm battle plan than his own. Cochise aids the human resistance in their war with the Espheni and takes part in the assault on

text: Washington, D.C.

text: . The Espheni are destroyed by Tom Mason in the series finalie Reborn with a Dornia

text: bioweapon

text: and the Volm war with them ends. A Volm delegation, including Cochise attends a united humanity's gathering to choose a new leader months after the invasion ends.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Espheni took their planet long ago.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern areas

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Espheni are destroyed by Tom Mason in the series

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the greater Volm forces leave Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: the Daylight Time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the devastating counterattack on humanity,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Washington,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Espheni

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Washington, D.C..

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Washington, D.C

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Dornia

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: attack on their young and the devastating counterattack on humanity,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Espheni

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Espheni

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Cochise, the Volm

text: The solar intensity in low-earth orbit is about 1368 W/m². With the sun simulator, the effects from the high solar radiation flux onto the spacecraft are tested. The sun-simulator is using a xenon lamp to simulate the solar radiation. The spectrum of this lamp is - except of a spectral peak, caused by the properties of xenon - very similar to the natural sunlight.

text: The solar intensity in low-earth orbit is about 1368 W/m². With the sun simulator, the effects from the high solar radiation flux onto the spacecraft are tested. The sun-simulator is using a xenon lamp to simulate the solar radiation. The spectrum of this lamp is - except of a spectral peak, caused by the properties of xenon - very similar to the natural sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: natural sunlight

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: low-earth orbit

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: natural sunlight

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: high solar radiation flux

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The solar intensity in low-earth orbit

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1368 W/m2.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: very similar to the natural sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: low-earth orbit is about 1368 W/m2.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1368 W/m2.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: very similar to the natural sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1368 W/m2.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1368 W/m2.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1368 W/m2.

text: Equinox began as a project to replace the original Eclipse plug-in runtime in version 3.0 of Eclipse (c. 2004). The open source project was seeded with code donated by . It was further developed to meet the needs of the Eclipse community. The adaptations were made into the OSGi specification process, with many being incorporated in the R4 release of the OSGi framework specification. Since then, Equinox has been the reference implementation for the OSGi framework specification.

text: Equinox began as a project to replace the original Eclipse plug-in runtime in version 3.0 of Eclipse (c. 2004). The open source project was seeded with code donated by . It was further developed to meet the needs of the Eclipse community. The adaptations were made into the OSGi specification process, with many being incorporated in the R4 release of the OSGi framework specification. Since then, Equinox has been the

text: reference implementation

text: for the OSGi framework specification.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Equinox has been the reference implementation for the OSGi framework specification

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The adaptations were made into the OSGi specification process

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: needs of the Eclipse community.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 3.0 of Eclipse (c. 2004).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2004).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Equinox has been the reference implementation for the OSGi framework specification.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2004).

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2004).

text: The Justice League made its first official team appearance in the season six episode "Justice". Here, Clark discovers that Oliver has also met Bart, Arthur, and Victor, and that he has organized them into a team of superheroes focused on stopping those who believe that they are above the law. Oliver reveals that Lex has been conducting experiments on people who developed special abilities thanks to exposure to kryptonite. Clark and Chloe Sullivan (Allison Mack) work alongside the team to dismantle Lex's local experimental facility, known as Level 33.1, and after destroying the building, Oliver and his team leave Smallville to seek out Lex's other facilities around the world. Oliver asks Clark to become a full fledged member of the team, but Clark turns Oliver down explaining that he is not ready to do that. In the season seven episode "Siren", Lex puts a bounty on Oliver and his team, convincing the vigilante Dinah Lance (Alaina Huffman), who goes by the name "Black Canary" and has the ability to emit an ultrasonic sound wave with a single scream, that these individuals are terrorists. In the end, Clark proves to Dinah that Lex lied to her, so she decides to join Oliver's team. In the season eight premiere, the Justice League set out to find Clark, who has disappeared following the destruction of his Fortress of Solitude in the previous season's finale. Clark is eventually found, but the true identities of the League's members are compromised, so the team decides to disband until it is safe again for them to work together. In the season eight episode "Hex", Oliver reforms his team and gives Chloe the role of "Watchtower". In that season's finale, it is revealed that the League has been tracking the genetically engineered Kryptonian known as Doomsday. Oliver tries to convince Clark to kill the creature, but Clark refuses and instead informs Dinah and Bart that Oliver murdered Lex, while simultaneously kicking Oliver off of the team. Using subterfuge, Dinah and Bart betray Clark, revealing that they were in agreement with Oliver's plan all along, and capture Doomsday to force Clark into a fight. Their plan backfires, and Doomsday injures all of them during his escape. In the end, Clark defeats the creature by burying him a mile underground, and Oliver and his team apologize for not following Clark's plan from the start. The League leaves Metropolis afterward, feeling responsible for the death of Jimmy Olsen (Aaron Ashmore), who was killed after Doomsday escaped. In response, Chloe turns a Metropolis clock tower, which is also the tallest building in the city, into the Watchtower base with the hope that the team will one day return home. The team eventually reforms off screen, and assists Clark in hunting down other Kryptonians who are attempting to take over the Earth. Starting with the ninth episode of the final season, "Patriot", the Justice League are alerted to the arrival of Darkseid, and for the rest of the season they attempt to stop him before he destroys Earth. Subsequent episodes "Dominion" and "Prophecy" also imply that Michael Carter (Booster Gold) and Kara have joined the team.

text: The Justice League made its first official team appearance in the

text: season six

text: episode "Justice". Here, Clark discovers that Oliver has also met Bart, Arthur, and Victor, and that he has organized them into a team of superheroes focused on stopping those who believe that they are above the law. Oliver reveals that Lex has been conducting experiments on people who developed special abilities thanks to exposure to kryptonite. Clark and

text: Chloe Sullivan

text: Allison Mack

text: ) work alongside the team to dismantle Lex's local experimental facility, known as Level 33.1, and after destroying the building, Oliver and his team leave Smallville to seek out Lex's other facilities around the world. Oliver asks Clark to become a full fledged member of the team, but Clark turns Oliver down explaining that he is not ready to do that. In the

text: season seven

text: episode "Siren", Lex puts a bounty on Oliver and his team, convincing the vigilante Dinah Lance (

text: Alaina Huffman

text: ), who goes by the name "

text: Black Canary

text: " and has the ability to emit an ultrasonic sound wave with a single scream, that these individuals are terrorists. In the end, Clark proves to Dinah that Lex lied to her, so she decides to join Oliver's team. In the season eight premiere, the Justice League set out to find Clark, who has disappeared following the destruction of his

text: Fortress of Solitude

text: in the previous season's finale. Clark is eventually found, but the true identities of the League's members are compromised, so the team decides to disband until it is safe again for them to work together. In the season eight episode "Hex", Oliver reforms his team and gives Chloe the role of

text: "Watchtower"

text: . In that season's finale, it is revealed that the League has been tracking the

text: genetically engineered

text: Kryptonian

text: known as

text: Doomsday

text: . Oliver tries to convince Clark to kill the creature, but Clark refuses and instead informs Dinah and Bart that Oliver murdered Lex, while simultaneously kicking Oliver off of the team. Using subterfuge, Dinah and Bart betray Clark, revealing that they were in agreement with Oliver's plan all along, and capture Doomsday to force Clark into a fight. Their plan backfires, and Doomsday injures all of them during his escape. In the end, Clark defeats the creature by burying him a mile underground, and Oliver and his team apologize for not following Clark's plan from the start. The League leaves Metropolis afterward, feeling responsible for the death of

text: Jimmy Olsen

text: Aaron Ashmore

text: ), who was killed after Doomsday escaped. In response, Chloe turns a Metropolis

text: clock tower

text: , which is also the tallest building in the city, into the Watchtower base with the hope that the team will one day return home. The team eventually reforms off screen, and assists Clark in hunting down other Kryptonians who are attempting to take over the Earth. Starting with the ninth episode of the final season, "Patriot", the Justice League are alerted to the arrival of

text: Darkseid

text: , and for the rest of the season they attempt to stop him before he destroys Earth. Subsequent episodes "Dominion" and "Prophecy" also imply that Michael Carter (

text: Booster Gold

text: ) and

text: Kara

text: have joined the team.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Justice League made its first official team appearance in the season six episode

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Doomsday

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Doomsday

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Justice League made its first official team appearance in the season six episode "Justice"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Level 33.1

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earths axis of rotation is pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from Polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: When is the vernal equinox?

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: stopping those who believe that they are above the law.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Doomsday.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the Justice League set out to find Clark,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Smallville

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Level 33.1,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Lex

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: sonic sound wave with a single scream,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Doomsday.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Clark proves to Dinah that Lex

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: season eight

text: Equinox is a 12 bar minor blues with a fourteen bar introduction. The head is played twice before and after the solos.

text: Equinox is a 12 bar minor blues with a fourteen bar introduction. The head is played twice before and after the solos.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinox is a minor blues

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox is played

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is a minor blues

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Equinox is a 12 bar minor blues

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The head

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The head is played twice before and after the solos.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 12 bar minor blues

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox is a 12 bar minor blues

text: The ninth season of American Idol premiered on January 12, 2010 and concluded on May 26, 2010 on Fox. Simon Cowell, Randy Jackson and Kara DioGuardi returned to the judging panel. Ellen DeGeneres joined the panel as a replacement for Paula Abdul after guest judges filled in during the auditions. Idol Gives Back also returned for the season and was held on April 21, 2010, during the top seven results show. The top 24 semi-finals format used in the fourth through seventh seasons also returned this season. Cowell, DioGuardi and DeGeneres all left the show after this season ended, although only Cowell's departure was announced in advance. This was the second season where neither of the final 2 contestants had been in the bottom 2 or 3 prior to the finale, with the first being the seventh season. This was also the third consecutive season a male contestant had won, the longest streak for either gender. It was the first season since sixth season where a female made it to the finale and was also the first time since seventh season seven that both the finalists released a different song as a debut single.

text: The ninth season of

text: American Idol

text: premiered on January 12, 2010 and concluded on May 26, 2010 on

text: Fox

text: Simon Cowell

text: Randy Jackson

text: and

text: Kara DioGuardi

text: returned to the judging panel.

text: Ellen DeGeneres

text: joined the panel as a replacement for

text: Paula Abdul

text: after guest judges filled in during the auditions.

text: Idol Gives Back

text: also returned for the season and was held on April 21, 2010, during the top seven results show. The top 24 semi-finals format used in the

text: fourth

text: through

text: seventh

text: seasons also returned this season. Cowell, DioGuardi and DeGeneres all left the show after this season ended, although only Cowell's departure was announced in advance. This was the second season where neither of the final 2 contestants had been in the bottom 2 or 3 prior to the finale, with the first being the

text: seventh season

text: . This was also the third consecutive season a male contestant had won, the longest streak for either gender. It was the first season since

text: sixth season

text: where a female made it to the finale and was also the first time since seventh season seven that both the finalists released a different song as a debut single.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: This was also the third consecutive season a male contestant had won, the longest streak for either gender

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: It was the first season since sixth season where a female made it to the finale

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: neither of the final 2 contestants had been in the bottom 2 or 3

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Idol Gives Back

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: May 26, 2010

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: neither of the final 2 contestants had been in the bottom 2 or 3

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: neither of the final 2 contestants had been in the bottom 2

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: April 21, 2010,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: neither of the final 2 contestants had been in the bottom 2 or 3

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: May 26, 2010

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: neither of the final 2 contestants had been in the bottom 2 or 3

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: January 12, 2010

text: The 2006 mid-year rugby union tests (also known as the Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere) refers to the Rugby union Test matches played during between May and June in 2006. It saw several tests between the touring Northern Hemisphere sides and the home Southern Hemisphere sides, including a test series between Australia and England, Argentina and Wales, New Zealand and Ireland and South Africa and Scotland. France played Romania and the Springboks, while Italy played Fiji and Japan. In addition to this, the Barbarains ended their season with victories over England and Georgia and a defeat to Scotland.

text: The 2006 mid-year rugby union tests (also known as the Summer Internationals in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: ) refers to the

text: Rugby union

text: Test matches

text: played during between May and June in 2006. It saw several tests between the touring Northern Hemisphere sides and the home Southern Hemisphere sides, including a test series between

text: Australia

text: and

text: England

text: Argentina

text: and

text: Wales

text: New Zealand

text: and

text: Ireland

text: and

text: South Africa

text: and

text: Scotland

text: France

text: played

text: Romania

text: and the Springboks, while

text: Italy

text: played

text: Fiji

text: and

text: Japan

text: . In addition to this, the

text: Barbarains

text: ended their season with victories over England and

text: Georgia

text: and a defeat to

text: Scotland

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: victories over England and Georgia

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: victories over England and Georgia and a defeat to Scotland.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: May and June

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere sides and the home Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: May and June

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

text: Cattleya schroederae is a species of orchid. C. schroederae is named after Baroness Schroeder, wife of  Sir John Schroder, see :de:John Henry Schröder. It is a Colombian unifoliate Cattleya species. Flowers are to 9" (22.5 cm) across, strongly fragrant. C. shroederae blooms in spring from a sheath that has formed before the winter dormancy. As it blooms around Easter in Northern hemisphere, it is often referred to as "easter orchid", a name it shares with Cattleya mossiae.

text: Cattleya schroederae is a species of

text: orchid

text: . C. schroederae is named after Baroness Schroeder, wife of

text: Sir John Schroder

text: , see

text: :de:John Henry Schröder

text: . It is a Colombian unifoliate Cattleya species. Flowers are to 9" (22.5 cm) across, strongly fragrant. C. shroederae blooms in spring from a sheath that has formed before the winter dormancy. As it blooms around

text: Easter

text: in Northern hemisphere, it is often referred to as "

text: easter orchid

text: ", a name it shares with

text: Cattleya mossiae

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter dormancy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: dormancy

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is often referred to as "easter orchid"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter dormancy

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a sheath that has formed before the winter dormancy.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Easter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter dormancy.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: winter dormancy.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter dormancy.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter dormancy.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter dormancy.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Cattleya schroederae

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Easter in Northern hemisphere,

text: The seasons occur because the Earth's axis of rotation is not perpendicular to its orbital plane (the “plane of the ecliptic”) but currently makes an angle of about 23.44° (called the "obliquity of the ecliptic"), and because the axis keeps its orientation with respect to an inertial frame of reference. As a consequence, for half the year the Northern Hemisphere is inclined toward the Sun while for the other half year the Southern Hemisphere has this distinction. The two moments when the inclination of Earth's rotational axis has maximum effect are the solstices.

text: The seasons occur because the Earth's axis of rotation is not perpendicular to its orbital plane (the “

text: plane of the ecliptic

text: ”) but currently makes an angle of about 23.44° (called the "

text: obliquity of the ecliptic

text: "), and because the axis keeps its orientation with respect to an

text: inertial frame of reference

text: . As a consequence, for half the year the Northern Hemisphere is inclined toward the Sun while for the other half year the Southern Hemisphere has this distinction. The two moments when the inclination of Earth's rotational axis has maximum effect are the solstices.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: because the Earth's axis of rotation is not perpendicular

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The two moments when the inclination of Earth's rotational axis has maximum effect are the solstices

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: for half the year the Northern Hemisphere is inclined toward the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: axis of rotation is not perpendicular to its orbital plane

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: solstices.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: inclination of Earth's rotational axis has maximum effect

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: inclination of Earth's rotational axis has maximum effect

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstices.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: for half the year the Northern Hemisphere is inclined toward the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: solstices.

text: While the Nisan-years begin the year from the Spring season, around the Vernal Equinox/Spring Equinox (Gregorian March 20/21), the Tishri-years begin the years from the Autumn season, around the Autumn Equinox (Gregorian September 22/23). The New Years Day of the Tishri-years is called Rosh Hashanah ("Head of the Year"); it begins the Fall Feasts of Israel.

text: While the

text: Nisan-years

text: begin the year from the Spring season, around the

text: Vernal Equinox

text: Spring Equinox

text: (Gregorian March 20/21), the Tishri-years begin the years from the Autumn season, around the

text: Autumn Equinox

text: (Gregorian September 22/23). The

text: New Years Day

text: of the Tishri-years is called

text: Rosh Hashanah

text: ("Head of the Year"); it begins the

text: Fall Feasts

text: of Israel.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Gregorian September 22/23

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Vernal Equinox/Spring Equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Vernal Equinox/Spring

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Autumn

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Nisan-years begin the year from the Spring season,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Autumn season, around the Autumn Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: September 22/23).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Vernal Equinox/Spring Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Vernal Equinox/Spring

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Autumn season, around the Autumn Equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Autumn Equinox

text: By far the most commonly occurring climate in Siberia is continental subarctic (Koppen Dfc or Dwc), with the annual average temperature about  and an average for January of  and an average for July of , although this varies considerably, with a July average about 10 °C in the taiga–tundra ecotone. The Business oriented website and blog Business Insider lists Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon, Republic of Sakha, both of which towns are in Russian Siberia, as being in competition for the title of being the Northern Hemisphere's Pole of Cold. Oymyakon is a village with a population of 500 which recorded a temperature of  on 6 February 1933. Verkhoyansk is a relatively nearby neighboring town of just over 1,000 people that recorded a temperature of  for 3 consecutive nights, 5, 6 and 7 February. Each town is alternately considered the Northern Hemisphere's Pole of Cold, meaning the coldest inhabited point in the Northern hemisphere. Each town also frequently reaches  in the summer, giving them, and the majority of the rest of Russian Siberia, the world's greatest temperature variation, between summer's highs and winter's lows, often being well over 170-180+ degrees (°F) between the seasons.

text: By far the most commonly occurring climate in Siberia is continental

text: subarctic

text: (Koppen Dfc or Dwc), with the annual average temperature about  and an average for January of  and an average for July of , although this varies considerably, with a July average about 10 °C in the taiga–tundra

text: ecotone

text: . The Business oriented website and blog Business Insider lists

text: Verkhoyansk

text: and

text: Oymyakon

text: , Republic of Sakha, both of which towns are in Russian Siberia, as being in competition for the title of being the Northern Hemisphere's

text: Pole of Cold

text: Oymyakon

text: is a village with a population of 500 which recorded a temperature of  on 6 February 1933.

text: Verkhoyansk

text: is a relatively nearby neighboring town of just over 1,000 people that recorded a temperature of  for 3 consecutive nights, 5, 6 and 7 February. Each town is alternately considered the Northern Hemisphere's

text: Pole of Cold

text: , meaning the coldest inhabited point in the Northern hemisphere. Each town also frequently reaches  in the summer, giving them, and the majority of the rest of Russian Siberia, the world's greatest temperature variation, between summer's highs and winter's lows, often being well over 170-180+ degrees (°F) between the seasons.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the world's greatest temperature variation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January of

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: an average for January of

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the world's greatest temperature variation,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: the coldest inhabited point in the Northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer's highs and winter's lows,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: taiga–tundra ecotone.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter's lows,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: January

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: January

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 170-180+ degrees (°F)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 6 February 1933.

text: Since the tropics represent 36 percent of the earth's surface and 20 percent of its land surface, the potential of tropical horticulture is huge. In contrast to temperate regions, environmental conditions in the tropics are defined less by seasonal temperature fluctuations and more by seasonality of precipitation. Thus the climate in the greater part of the tropics is characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons, although such variation is reduced in locations closer to the equator (±5° latitude). Temperature conditions in the tropics are affected by elevation, in which contrasting warmer and colder climate areas in the tropics can be differentiated, and highland areas in the tropics can consequently be more favourable for production of temperate plant species than are lowland areas.

text: Since the tropics represent 36 percent of the earth's surface and 20 percent of its land surface, the potential of tropical horticulture is huge. In contrast to

text: temperate

text: regions,

text: environmental

text: conditions in the tropics are defined less by seasonal temperature fluctuations and more by seasonality of precipitation. Thus the

text: climate

text: in the greater part of the tropics is characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons, although such variation is reduced in locations closer to the equator (±5° latitude). Temperature conditions in the tropics are affected by elevation, in which contrasting warmer and colder climate areas in the tropics can be differentiated, and highland areas in the tropics can consequently be more favourable for production of temperate plant species than are lowland areas.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonality of precipitation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: contrasting warmer and colder climate areas

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 5° latitude

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonality of precipitation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: wet and dry seasons,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: wet and dry seasons,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: <unk>5° latitude).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: tropics

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: seasonal temperature fluctuations and more by seasonality of precipitation.

text: Space physics is the study of plasmas as they occur naturally in the Earth's upper atmosphere. As such, it encompasses a far-ranging number of topics, such as heliophysics which includes the solar physics of the sun: the solar wind, planetary magnetospheres and ionospheres, auroras, cosmic rays, and synchrotron radiation. Space physics is a fundamental part of the study of space weather and has important implications not only to understanding the universe, but also to practical everyday life, including the operation of communications and weather satellites. Space physics is distinct from other fields of astrophysics which study similar phenomena, in that space physics utilizes in situ measurements from high altitude rockets and spacecraft.

text: Space physics is the study of

text: plasmas

text: as they occur naturally in the Earth's

text: upper atmosphere

text: . As such, it encompasses a far-ranging number of topics, such as

text: heliophysics

text: which includes the

text: solar physics

text: of the

text: sun

text: : the

text: solar wind

text: , planetary

text: magnetosphere

text: s and

text: ionosphere

text: s,

text: auroras

text: cosmic rays

text: , and

text: synchrotron radiation

text: . Space physics is a fundamental part of the study of

text: space weather

text: and has important implications not only to understanding the universe, but also to practical everyday life, including the operation of

text: communications

text: and

text: weather satellite

text: s. Space physics is distinct from other fields of

text: astrophysics

text: which study similar phenomena, in that space physics utilizes

text: in situ

text: measurements from high altitude rockets and spacecraft.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Space physics

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's upper atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: auroras

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's upper atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: naturally

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: auroras,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Space physics

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: sun: the solar wind, planetary magnetospheres

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: auroras, cosmic rays, and synchrotron radiation.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: planetary magnetospheres and ionospheres,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's upper atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Space physics

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Space physics

text: McGrath was drafted second overall in the 2003 CFL Draft by the Calgary Stampeders but was signed by the Edmonton Eskimos as a free agent on July 7, 2004. He appeared in 15 games at left tackle in the 2004 CFL season, all 18 regular season games plus the playoffs and the victory in the 93rd Grey Cup in 2005 CFL season, and started all 18 regular season games in the 2006 CFL season. He was nominated by the Eskimos for the CFL's Most Outstanding Offensive Lineman Award in 2006.

text: McGrath was drafted second overall in the

text: 2003 CFL Draft

text: by the

text: Calgary Stampeders

text: but was signed by the Edmonton Eskimos as a free agent on July 7, 2004. He appeared in 15 games at left tackle in the

text: 2004 CFL season

text: , all 18 regular season games plus the playoffs and the victory in the

text: 93rd Grey Cup

text: in

text: 2005 CFL season

text: , and started all 18 regular season games in the

text: 2006 CFL season

text: . He was nominated by the Eskimos for the

entity_name: CFL's Most Outstanding Offensive Lineman Award

text: CFL's Most Outstanding Offensive Lineman Award

text: in 2006.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He appeared in 15 games at left tackle in the 2004 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: playoffs and the victory in the 93rd Grey Cup

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 93rd Grey Cup

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: July 7, 2004.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Edmonton

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Edmonton Eskimos as a free agent on July 7, 2004.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: July 7, 2004.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: July 7, 2004.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: July 7, 2004.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: July 7, 2004.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: July 7, 2004.

text: Equinox is the twenty-third studio album by Omar Rodríguez-López as a solo artist. Although Rodriguez-Lopez Productions intended to release the album on December 28, 2012 (which is the date listed on the Bandcamp page), it was only made available on January 1, 2013. Equinox is the first Mars Volta-related release since 2009's Xenophanes to feature band's ex-drummer Thomas Pridgen.  The instrumental tracks to the songs "Oír Hasta Júpiter" and "Mermaid Grapefruit" were first heard on the soundtrack to the 2007 film El Búfalo de la Noche for which Omar wrote the score in 2005-2006.

text: Equinox is the twenty-third studio album by

text: Omar Rodríguez-López

text: as a solo artist. Although Rodriguez-Lopez Productions intended to release the album on December 28, 2012 (which is the date listed on the Bandcamp page), it was only made available on January 1, 2013. Equinox is the first

text: Mars Volta

text: -related release since 2009's

text: Xenophanes

text: to feature band's ex-drummer

text: Thomas Pridgen

text: .  The instrumental tracks to the songs "Oír Hasta Júpiter" and "Mermaid Grapefruit" were first heard on the soundtrack to the 2007 film

text: El Búfalo de la Noche

text: for which Omar wrote the score in 2005-2006.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Omar Rodr guez-López as a solo artist

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 28

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was only made available on January 1, 2013

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Omar wrote the score in 2005-2006.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Mars Volta-related

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: December 28, 2012

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mars Volta-related

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 28, 2012

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was only made available on January 1, 2013.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: December 28, 2012

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December 28, 2012

text: Unlike almost all other (northern hemisphere) rugby countries, the Ontario rugby season runs from May until November. The sub-zero temperatures during the winter make playing and training outdoors impossible. The Nomads run an indoor touch session on Saturdays throughout the winter months. Their junior training programs also run throughout the winter.

text: Unlike almost all other (

text: northern hemisphere

text: ) rugby countries, the Ontario rugby season runs from May until November. The sub-zero temperatures during the winter make playing and training outdoors impossible. The Nomads run an indoor touch session on Saturdays throughout the winter months. Their junior training programs also run throughout the winter.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: sub-zero temperatures during the winter make playing and training outdoors impossible

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Nomads

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The sub-zero temperatures during the winter make playing and training outdoors impossible.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: November.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: May until November.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Ontario rugby season runs from May until November.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (northern hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The sub-zero temperatures during the winter make playing and training outdoors impossible.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: May until November.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: November.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: May until November.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November.

text: Compared to ionizing radiation exposures on Earth, astronauts are exposed to potentially higher levels of radiation (mainly protons, HZE particles and neutrons) from galactic cosmic sources, periodic solar flares and trapped radiation belts surrounding our planet.  NASA is concerned about the acute and long-term health effects of such exposures to crews during long-term manned space flight. Because of the unique nature of space radiation, it is relatively difficult to reduce exposure by shielding and impossible to eliminate entirely.  Efforts to assess radiation risks in space have been further complicated by considerable unknowns regarding the combined biological effects of these radiations and the difficulty in reproducing them in a controlled environment on Earth.

text: Compared to ionizing radiation exposures on Earth, astronauts are exposed to potentially higher levels of radiation (mainly protons, HZE particles and neutrons) from galactic cosmic sources, periodic

text: solar flares

text: and trapped

text: radiation belts

text: surrounding our planet.

text: NASA

text: is concerned about the acute and long-term health effects of such exposures to crews during long-term

text: manned space flight

text: . Because of the unique nature of

text: space radiation

text: , it is relatively difficult to reduce exposure by shielding and impossible to eliminate entirely.  Efforts to assess radiation risks in space have been further complicated by considerable unknowns regarding the combined biological effects of these radiations and the difficulty in reproducing them in a controlled environment on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: trapped radiation belts

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: HZE

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: periodic solar flares

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Compared to ionizing radiation exposures on Earth,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: trapped radiation belts

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Compared to ionizing radiation exposures on Earth,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: ionizing radiation exposures on Earth,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Compared to ionizing radiation exposures on Earth,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Compared to ionizing radiation exposures on Earth,

text: Very rarely, they may form in summer, though it would have to be an abnormally cold summer, such as the summer of 1816 in the Northeast United States of America. In many locations in the Northern Hemisphere, the most powerful winter storms usually occur in March and, in regions where temperatures are cold enough, April.

text: Very rarely, they may form in summer, though it would have to be an abnormally cold summer, such as the summer of

text: in the Northeast United States of America. In many locations in the Northern Hemisphere, the most powerful winter storms usually occur in March and, in regions where temperatures are cold enough, April.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: most powerful winter storms usually occur in March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: very rarely

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: abnormally cold summer,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter storms

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Very rarely, they may form in summer,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northeast United States of America.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the most powerful winter storms usually occur in March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Very rarely, they may form in summer,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the most powerful winter storms

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March

text: Sun–Earth  is a good spot for space-based observatories. Because an object around  will maintain the same relative position with respect to the Sun and Earth, shielding and calibration are much simpler. It is, however, slightly beyond the reach of Earth's umbra, so solar radiation is not completely blocked. From this point, the Sun, Earth and Moon are relatively closely positioned together in the sky, and hence leave a large field of view without interference – this is especially helpful for infrared astronomy.

text: Sun–Earth  is a good spot for space-based observatories. Because an object around  will maintain the same relative position with respect to the Sun and Earth, shielding and calibration are much simpler. It is, however, slightly beyond the reach of Earth's

text: umbra

text: , so solar radiation is not completely blocked. From this point, the Sun, Earth and Moon are relatively closely positioned together in the sky, and hence leave a large field of view without interference – this is especially helpful for

text: infrared astronomy

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: umbra

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth's umbra

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's umbra

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: umbra

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation is not completely blocked.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: umbra,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Sun–Earth

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Sun–Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: umbra,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth's umbra,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: slightly beyond the reach of Earth's umbra,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's umbra,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: slightly beyond the reach of Earth's umbra,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Sun–Earth

text: This time, not all universes were revealed right away, only a couple were revealed in the first two years of The New 52. In addition, in a similar fashion as the Elseworlds logo would appear in comics that did not occur in the "real" continuity, the logo THE NEW 52! would only appear in publications with stories occurring in the new continuity, while those taking place outside of this new continuity (such as Smallville: Season 11 or Batman Beyond Universe) would not bear this distinction. At first it seemed that there was not going to be a naming convention for the Earths as it happened with the 52. The mainstream continuity was known as Prime Earth, although it was not a similar world to the real world as Earth-Prime was. J. Michael Straczynski's re-envisioning of classic Batman and Superman stories was released as part of a series called Earth One. In Grant Morrison's The Multiversity (2014–2015), the Earths are named in the same format as in the former 52 Multiverse (Earth-6, Earth-7, Earth-8 etc.) Morrison intended for The Multiversity to reveal remaining universes of The New 52 multiverse, and the underlying structure for the multiverse was revealed in a detailed map in the back of several comic books, for which an interactive online version is being maintained and updated on the DC Comics website. In addition, the sixth issue of The Multiversity constituted a 'guidebook' to the worlds of the current DC multiverse and was published in January 2015

text: This time, not all universes were revealed right away, only a couple were revealed in the first two years of The New 52. In addition, in a similar fashion as the Elseworlds logo would appear in comics that did not occur in the "real" continuity, the logo THE NEW 52! would only appear in publications with stories occurring in the new continuity, while those taking place outside of this new continuity (such as Smallville: Season 11 or Batman Beyond Universe) would not bear this distinction. At first it seemed that there was not going to be a naming convention for the Earths as it happened with the 52. The mainstream continuity was known as Prime Earth, although it was not a similar world to the real world as Earth-Prime was.

text: J. Michael Straczynski

text: 's re-envisioning of classic Batman and Superman stories was released as part of a series called Earth One. In Grant Morrison's

text: The Multiversity

text: (2014–2015), the Earths are named in the same format as in the former 52 Multiverse (Earth-6, Earth-7, Earth-8 etc.) Morrison intended for

text: The Multiversity

text: to reveal remaining universes of The New 52 multiverse, and the underlying structure for the multiverse was revealed in a detailed map in the back of several comic books, for which an interactive online version is being maintained and updated on the DC Comics website. In addition, the sixth issue of The Multiversity constituted a 'guidebook' to the worlds of the current DC multiverse and was published in January 2015

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Morrison intended for The Multiversity to reveal remaining universes of The New 52 multiverse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth One

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-6

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 2015

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earths are named in the same format as in the former 52 Multiverse

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth One

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: taking place outside of this new continuity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth-Prime

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: only a couple were revealed in the first two years of The New 52.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Prime Earth,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-Prime

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 2015

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: not all universes were revealed right away,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-Prime

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Prime Earth,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: only a couple were revealed in the first two years of The New 52.

text: The term Great Year has a variety of related meanings. It is defined by NASA as "The period of one complete cycle of the equinoxes around the ecliptic, about 25,800 years […] also known as [a] Platonic Year."  One complete cycle of the equinoxes here means one complete cycle of axial precession. Although Plato uses the term "perfect year" to describe the return of the celestial bodies (planets) and the diurnal rotation of the fixed stars (circle of the Same) to their original positions, there is no evidence he had any knowledge of axial precession. The cycle which Plato describes is one of planetary and astral conjunction, which can be postulated without any awareness of axial precession. In fact, Hipparchus is the first Greek credited with discovering axial precession roughly two hundred years after Plato's death (see below). Cicero followed Plato in defining the Great Year as a combination of solar, lunar and planetary cycles  (61 XX)  Nicholas Campion writes of  "periods of History, analogous to the solar year, known as 'Great Years' "

text: The term Great Year has a variety of related meanings. It is defined by

text: NASA

text: as "The period of one complete cycle of the

text: equinoxes

text: around the

text: ecliptic

text: , about 25,800 years […] also known as [a] Platonic Year."  One complete cycle of the equinoxes here means one complete cycle of

text: axial precession

text: . Although

text: Plato

text: uses the term "perfect year" to describe the return of the celestial bodies (

text: planet

text: s) and the

text: diurnal

text: rotation of the fixed

text: star

text: s (circle of the Same) to their original positions, there is no evidence he had any knowledge of axial precession. The cycle which Plato describes is one of planetary and astral conjunction, which can be postulated without any awareness of axial precession. In fact,

text: Hipparchus

text: is the first Greek credited with discovering axial precession roughly two hundred years after Plato's death (see below).

text: Cicero

text: followed Plato in defining the Great Year as a combination of solar, lunar and planetary cycles  (61 XX)

text: Nicholas Campion

text: writes of  "periods of History, analogous to the solar year, known as 'Great Years' "

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar, lunar and planetary cycles

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: axial precession

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ecliptic

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: one complete cycle of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: one complete cycle of axial precession

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: planetary and astral conjunction,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: axial precession.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes around the ecliptic,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ecliptic,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: diurnal rotation of the fixed stars

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: one complete cycle of axial precession.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial precession.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: equinoxes around the ecliptic,

text: For the purpose of celestial mapping, the sky is considered by astronomers as the inside of a sphere divided in two halves by the celestial equator. The Northern Sky or Northern Hemisphere is therefore that half of the celestial sphere that is north of the celestial equator. Even if this one is the ideal projection of the terrestrial equatorial onto the imaginary celestial sphere, the Northern and Southern celestial hemispheres must not be confused with descriptions of the terrestrial hemispheres of the Earth itself.

text: For the purpose of celestial mapping, the sky is considered by astronomers as the inside of a

text: sphere

text: divided in two halves by the

text: celestial equator

text: . The Northern Sky or Northern Hemisphere is therefore that half of the

text: celestial sphere

text: that is north of the celestial equator. Even if this one is the ideal

text: projection

text: of the terrestrial equatorial onto the imaginary celestial sphere, the Northern and Southern celestial hemispheres must not be confused with descriptions of the

text: terrestrial

text: hemispheres

text: of the

text: Earth

text: itself.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Northern Sky or Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Northern Sky or Northern Hemisphere is therefore that half of the celestial sphere that is north of the celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: terrestrial equatorial

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The Northern Sky or Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: ideal projection of the terrestrial equatorial

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: celestial equator.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Northern Sky or Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: celestial equator.

text: For man-made spacecraft orbiting the Earth at comparatively low altitudes the deviations from a Kepler orbit are much larger than for the Moon. The approximation of the gravitational force of the Earth to be that of a homogeneous sphere gets worse the closer one gets to the Earth surface and the majority of the artificial Earth satellites are in orbits that are only a few hundred kilometers over the Earth surface.  Furthermore they are (as opposed to the Moon) significantly affected by the solar radiation pressure because of their large cross-section to mass ratio; this applies in particular to 3-axis stabilized spacecraft with large solar arrays. In addition they are significantly affected by rarefied air below 800–1000 km. The air drag at high altitudes is also dependent on solar activity.

text: For man-made spacecraft orbiting the Earth at comparatively low altitudes the deviations from a Kepler orbit are much larger than for the Moon. The approximation of the gravitational force of the Earth to be that of a homogeneous sphere gets worse the closer one gets to the Earth surface and the majority of the artificial Earth satellites are in orbits that are only a few hundred kilometers over the Earth surface.  Furthermore they are (as opposed to the Moon) significantly affected by the solar radiation pressure because of their large cross-section to mass ratio; this applies in particular to

text: 3-axis stabilized spacecraft

text: with large

text: solar arrays

text: . In addition they are significantly affected by rarefied air below 800–1000 km. The air drag at high altitudes is also dependent on

text: solar activity

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation pressure

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the air drag at high altitudes is also dependent on solar activity

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Kepler orbit

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar activity.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar activity.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Moon.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Moon.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Moon)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation pressure

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: gets worse the closer one gets to the Earth surface

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Kepler

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Moon.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Moon.

text: In the Northern Hemisphere summer, the "Bermuda High" over the subtropical Atlantic Ocean typically sends warm, humid air over the eastern, southern and central United States - resulting in southerly airflow, warm to hot temperatures, high humidity and occasional thunderstorm activity. In summer, high pressure over the north-central Pacific typically results in northwesterly airflow, stable conditions and cool to mild conditions along most of the immediate Pacific coast, from Washington state to San Diego, CA. In the Northern Hemisphere winter, the subtropical highs retreat southward. The polar jet stream (and associated conflict zone between cold, dry air masses from Canada and warm, moist air masses from the Gulf of Mexico) drops further southward into the United States - bringing major rain, ice and snow events, and much more variable, and sometimes dramatically colder, temperatures. Areas in the extreme southern US (Florida, the Gulf Coast, the Desert Southwest, and southern California) however, often have more stable weather, as the polar jet stream's impact does not usually reach that far south.

text: In the Northern Hemisphere summer, the "

text: Bermuda High

text: " over the subtropical Atlantic Ocean typically sends warm, humid air over the eastern, southern and central United States - resulting in southerly airflow, warm to hot temperatures, high humidity and occasional thunderstorm activity. In summer, high pressure over the north-central Pacific typically results in northwesterly airflow, stable conditions and cool to mild conditions along most of the immediate Pacific coast, from Washington state to San Diego, CA. In the Northern Hemisphere winter, the subtropical highs retreat southward. The polar jet stream (and associated conflict zone between cold, dry air masses from Canada and warm, moist air masses from the Gulf of Mexico) drops further southward into the United States - bringing major rain, ice and snow events, and much more variable, and sometimes dramatically colder, temperatures. Areas in the extreme southern US (Florida, the Gulf Coast, the Desert Southwest, and southern California) however, often have more stable weather, as the polar jet stream's impact does not usually reach that far south.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: subtropical highs retreat southward

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cool to mild conditions

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the subtropical highs retreat southward.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: polar jet stream

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Washington state to San Diego, CA.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the subtropical highs retreat southward.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cool to mild

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The polar jet stream

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer,

text: Along with equinoxes, solstices () mark the middle of East Asian calendar seasons. Thus, in "冬至", the Chinese character "至" means "extreme" and the term for the winter solstice directly signifies the summit of winter, as "midwinter" is used in English.

text: Along with

text: equinox

text: es,

text: solstice

text: s () mark the middle of East Asian calendar seasons. Thus, in "冬至", the Chinese character "

text: 至

text: " means "extreme" and the term for the winter solstice directly signifies the summit of winter, as "midwinter" is used in English.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the summit of winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: mark the middle of East Asian calendar seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: directly signifies the summit of winter,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: winter solstice directly signifies the summit of winter,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the summit of winter,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: mark the middle of East Asian calendar seasons.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter solstice

text: Snow cover has the second-largest areal extent of any component of the cryosphere, with a mean maximum areal extent of approximately 47 million km. Most of the Earth’s snow-covered area (SCA) is located in the Northern Hemisphere, and temporal variability is dominated by the seasonal cycle; Northern Hemisphere snow-cover extent ranges from 46.5 million km in January to 3.8 million km in August. North American winter SCA has exhibited an increasing trend over much of this century (Brown and Goodison 1996; Hughes et al. 1996) largely in response to an increase in precipitation. However, the available satellite data show that the hemispheric winter snow cover has exhibited little interannual variability over the 1972-1996 period, with a coefficient of variation (COV=s.d./mean) for January Northern Hemisphere snow cover of < 0.04. According to Groisman et al. (1994a) Northern Hemisphere spring snow cover should exhibit a decreasing trend to explain an observed increase in Northern Hemisphere spring air temperatures this century. Preliminary estimates of SCA from historical and reconstructed in situ snow-cover data suggest this is the case for Eurasia, but not for North America, where spring snow cover has remained close to current levels over most of this century. Because of the close relationship observed between hemispheric air temperature and snow-cover extent over the period of satellite data (IPCC 1996), there is considerable interest in monitoring Northern Hemisphere snow-cover extent for detecting and monitoring climate change.

text: Snow

text: cover has the second-largest areal extent of any component of the cryosphere, with a mean maximum areal extent of approximately 47 million km. Most of the Earth’s snow-covered area (SCA) is located in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , and

text: temporal

text: variability is dominated by the seasonal cycle;

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: snow-cover extent ranges from 46.5 million km in January to 3.8 million km in August.

text: North America

text: n winter SCA has exhibited an increasing trend over much of this century (Brown and Goodison 1996; Hughes et al. 1996) largely in response to an increase in precipitation. However, the available

text: satellite

text: data show that the hemispheric winter snow cover has exhibited little interannual variability over the 1972-1996 period, with a coefficient of variation (COV=s.d./mean) for January

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: snow

text: cover of < 0.04. According to Groisman et al. (1994a)

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: spring snow cover should exhibit a decreasing trend to explain an observed increase in

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: spring

text: air temperature

text: s this century. Preliminary estimates of SCA from historical and reconstructed

text: in situ

text: snow-cover data suggest this is the case for

text: Eurasia

text: , but not for

text: North America

text: , where spring snow cover has remained close to current levels over most of this century. Because of the close relationship observed between hemispheric air temperature and snow-cover extent over the period of

text: satellite

text: data (IPCC 1996), there is considerable interest in monitoring

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: snow-cover extent for detecting and monitoring

text: climate change

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: increase in precipitation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: What is the opposite of winter?

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere snow-cover extent

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Hemisphere spring snow cover should exhibit a decreasing trend

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: January

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Why is the Earth's axis of rotation pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: increase in precipitation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: August.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 3.8 million km in August.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: little interannual variability

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 46.5 million km in January

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Hemisphere spring snow cover should exhibit a decreasing trend

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: August.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: January

text: Diffuse sky radiation is solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface after having been scattered from the direct solar beam by molecules or suspensoids in the atmosphere. It is also called skylight, diffuse skylight, or sky radiation and is the reason for changes in the color of the sky. Of the total light removed from the direct solar beam by scattering in the atmosphere (approximately 25% of the incident radiation when the sun is high in the sky, depending on the amount of dust and haze in the atmosphere), about two-thirds ultimately reaches the earth as diffuse sky radiation. When the sun is at the zenith in a cloudless sky, with 1367 W/m above the atmosphere, direct sunlight is about 1050 W/m, and total insolation about 1120 W/m. This implies that under these conditions the diffuse radiation is only about 70 W/m out of the original 1367 W/m.

text: Diffuse sky radiation is

text: solar radiation

text: reaching the

text: Earth

text: 's surface after having been

text: scattered

text: from the direct solar beam by

text: molecule

text: s or

text: suspensoid

text: s in the

text: atmosphere

text: . It is also called skylight, diffuse skylight, or sky radiation and is the reason for changes in the color of the sky. Of the total

text: light

text: removed from the direct solar beam by scattering in the atmosphere (approximately 25% of the incident radiation when the sun is high in the sky, depending on the amount of dust and haze in the atmosphere), about two-thirds ultimately reaches the earth as diffuse

text: sky

text: radiation. When the sun is at the

text: zenith

text: in a cloudless sky, with 1367 W/m above the atmosphere, direct sunlight is about 1050 W/m, and total insolation about 1120 W/m. This implies that under these conditions the diffuse radiation is only about 70 W/m out of the original 1367 W/m.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Diffuse sky

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: when the sun is at the zenith

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: when the sun is at the zenith in a cloudless sky

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: When the sun is at the zenith

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes in the color of the sky.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: zenith

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Diffuse sky radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1120 W/m.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: two-thirds ultimately reaches the earth as diffuse sky radiation.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: When the sun is at the zenith

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: When the sun is at the zenith

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: When the sun is at the zenith

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Diffuse sky radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Diffuse sky radiation

text: The name Equinox refers to the time when day and night are of equal lengths, a phenomenon which occurs on two days in a year. The theme at the Equinox Complex is to attain perfection and harmony throughout the year.

text: The name

text: Equinox

text: refers to the time when day and night are of equal lengths, a phenomenon which occurs on two days in a year. The theme at the Equinox Complex is to attain

text: perfection

text: and

text: harmony

text: throughout the year.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: night are of equal lengths

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: day and night are of equal lengths

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: day and night are of equal lengths,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: day and night are of equal lengths,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox Complex

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox Complex

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: day and night are of equal lengths,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: day and night are of equal lengths,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: day and night are of equal lengths,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: two days in a year.

text: The equinoxes, along with solstices, are directly related to the seasons of the year. In the northern hemisphere, the vernal equinox (March) conventionally marks the beginning of spring in most cultures and is considered the New Year in the Persian calendar or Iranian calendars as Nouroz (means new day), while the autumnal equinox (September) marks the beginning of autumn. In the southern hemisphere, the vernal equinox occurs in September and the autumnal equinox in March.

text: The equinoxes, along with

text: solstices

text: , are directly related to the

text: seasons of the year

text: . In the northern hemisphere, the vernal equinox (March) conventionally marks the beginning of

text: spring

text: in most cultures and is considered the New Year in the Persian calendar or

text: Iranian calendars

text: as

text: Nouroz

text: (means new day), while the autumnal equinox (September) marks the beginning of autumn. In the southern hemisphere, the vernal equinox occurs in September and the autumnal equinox in March.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: directly related to the seasons of the year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: directly related to the seasons of the year.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumnal equinox (September) marks the beginning of autumn.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: (September) marks the beginning of autumn.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: are directly related to the seasons of the year.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September

text: Atmospheric physicists typically divide radiation into solar radiation (emitted by the sun) and terrestrial radiation (emitted by Earth's surface and atmosphere).

text: Atmospheric physicists typically divide radiation into solar radiation (emitted by the sun) and terrestrial radiation (emitted by Earth's surface and atmosphere).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: terrestrial radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: terrestrial radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: terrestrial radiation

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: terrestrial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: terrestrial radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: terrestrial radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's surface and atmosphere).

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: terrestrial radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: terrestrial radiation

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: terrestrial radiation (emitted by Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: terrestrial radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: terrestrial radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Atmospheric physicists

text: In 1991, Ferrell played supporting roles in the films Boyz n the Hood and Jungle Fever. In the same year, she was listed as one of twelve "Promising New Actors of 1991" in John A. Willis' Screen World. The following year, she starred alongside Wesley Snipes in the comedy film White Men Can't Jump, and later had supporting roles in Equinox, Poetic Justice and The Perfect Score. Ferrell also played the leading role alongside Mare Winningham in the 1993 Lifetime Television movie Better Off Dead. In 1994, she had the recurring role as Dr. Sarah Langworthy during the first season of the NBC medical drama ER, and from 1996 to 1997 she co-starred alongside Corbin Bernsen on the syndicated science fiction series The Cape.

text: In 1991, Ferrell played supporting roles in the films

text: Boyz n the Hood

text: and

text: Jungle Fever

text: . In the same year, she was listed as one of twelve "Promising New Actors of 1991" in

text: John A. Willis

text: ' Screen World. The following year, she starred alongside

text: Wesley Snipes

text: in the comedy film

text: White Men Can't Jump

text: , and later had supporting roles in

text: Equinox

text: Poetic Justice

text: and

text: The Perfect Score

text: . Ferrell also played the leading role alongside

text: Mare Winningham

text: in the 1993

text: Lifetime Television

text: movie Better Off Dead. In 1994, she had the recurring role as Dr. Sarah Langworthy during the first season of the NBC medical drama

text: ER

text: , and from 1996 to 1997 she co-starred alongside

text: Corbin Bernsen

text: on the syndicated science fiction series

text: The Cape

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: recurring role as Dr. Sarah Langworthy during the first season of the NBC medical drama ER

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Ferrell played supporting roles in the films Boyz n the Hood and Jungle Fever

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: later had supporting roles in Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: NBC medical drama ER,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Boyz n the Hood and Jungle Fever.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Ferrell

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Cape.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: supporting roles

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Boyz n the Hood and Jungle Fever.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1991, Ferrell

text: "Zero Hour" was the culmination of a season-long storyline first introduced by the events of "The Expanse", wherein an alien race called the Xindi attacks Earth and kills seven million people. During the course of the third season, the Enterprise went into the previously unexplored Delphic Expanse to search for the Xindi and to prevent a further attack which will destroy Earth. Executive producer and writer Brannon Braga felt that the end of the season in a three-part arc composed of "The Council", "Countdown" and "Zero Hour", which he compared to three acts of the same story. The episode was written by Braga alongside Rick Berman. The duo were the co-creators of Star Trek: Enterprise.

text: "Zero Hour" was the culmination of a season-long storyline first introduced by the events of "

entity_name: The Expanse (Star Trek: Enterprise episode)

text: The Expanse

text: ", wherein an alien race called the Xindi attacks Earth and kills seven million people. During the course of the

text: third season

text: , the Enterprise went into the previously unexplored Delphic Expanse to search for the Xindi and to prevent a further attack which will destroy Earth. Executive producer and writer

text: Brannon Braga

text: felt that the end of the season in a three-part arc composed of "

text: The Council

text: Countdown

text: " and "Zero Hour", which he compared to three acts of the same story. The episode was written by Braga alongside Rick Berman. The duo were the co-creators of Star Trek: Enterprise.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Executive producer and writer Brannon Braga felt that the end of the season in a three-part arc

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Zero Hour

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: during the course of the third season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: zero hour

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Zero Hour

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to prevent a further attack which will destroy Earth.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Zero Hour"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "The Expanse",

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Delphic Expanse

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: seven million people.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: "Zero Hour"

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: three acts of the same story.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "Zero Hour"

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "The Expanse",

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: "The Expanse",

text: Including the two-part pilot episode, the first season comprised 24 episodes, with four of the stories being two-parters. The tone of the series was lighter than the pilot movie, and showed a more positive picture of future Earth. The Inner City was now known as New Chicago, and it was established that human civilization had spread once again across the planet, and also to the stars. After the movie pilot, no reference to barren radioactive wastelands was made, and in several episodes, the world outside is shown as lush and green. The mutants seen in the pilot film were no longer seen, and Buck sometimes ventured outside New Chicago with no hazards encountered. As opposed to the isolationist planet seen in the film, Earth no longer has an invisible defense shield surrounding it and is shown to be the center of an interstellar human-dominated government, sometimes called "the Federation" of "the Alliance", with its capital at New Chicago. During the first season, references were also made to other "new" Earth cities such as New Detroit, New Manhattan, New Phoenix, New Tulsa, Boston Complex, and New London. A "City-on-the-Sea" was also seen, mentioned as being the former New Orleans.

text: Including the two-part pilot episode, the first season comprised 24 episodes, with four of the stories being two-parters. The tone of the series was lighter than the pilot movie, and showed a more positive picture of future Earth. The Inner City was now known as New Chicago, and it was established that human civilization had spread once again across the planet, and also to the stars. After the movie pilot, no reference to barren radioactive wastelands was made, and in several episodes, the world outside is shown as lush and green. The mutants seen in the pilot film were no longer seen, and Buck sometimes ventured outside New Chicago with no hazards encountered. As opposed to the isolationist planet seen in the film, Earth no longer has an invisible defense shield surrounding it and is shown to be the center of an interstellar human-dominated government, sometimes called "the Federation" of "the Alliance", with its capital at New Chicago. During the first season, references were also made to other "new" Earth cities such as New Detroit, New Manhattan, New Phoenix, New Tulsa, Boston Complex, and New London. A "City-on-the-Sea" was also seen, mentioned as being the former New Orleans.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The tone of the series was lighter than the pilot movie

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: New York

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: New Chicago was now known as New Chicago

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the world outside is shown as lush and green

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: showed a more positive picture of future Earth.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "City-on-the-Sea"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 24 episodes, with four of the stories being two-parters.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: New Chicago,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Inner City

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Buck sometimes ventured outside New Chicago

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth no longer has an invisible defense shield

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: two-part pilot episode,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 24 episodes, with four of the stories being two-parters.

text: As was their traditional practice, the Pawnee had captured an enemy girl to sacrifice her as part of the spring equinox Morning Star ceremony. They would care well for her before the sacrifice in the weeks or months beforehand.

text: As was their traditional practice, the Pawnee had captured an enemy girl to sacrifice her as part of the spring

text: equinox

text: Morning Star ceremony

text: . They would care well for her before the sacrifice in the weeks or months beforehand.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: None of the above choices .

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the spring

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: traditional practice,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: spring equinox Morning Star

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring equinox

text: Earth's axis remains tilted in the same direction with reference to the background stars throughout a year (regardless of where it is in its orbit). This means that one pole (and the associated hemisphere of Earth) will be directed away from the Sun at one side of the orbit, and half an orbit later (half a year later) this pole will be directed towards the Sun. This is the cause of Earth's seasons. Summer occurs in the Northern hemisphere when the north pole is directed toward the Sun. Variations in Earth's axial tilt can influence the seasons and is likely a factor in long-term climate change (also see Milankovitch cycles).

text: Earth

text: 's axis remains tilted in the same direction with reference to the background stars throughout a year (regardless of where it is in its

text: orbit

text: ). This means that one pole (and the associated

text: hemisphere of Earth

text: ) will be directed away from the Sun at one side of the orbit, and half an orbit later (half a year later) this pole will be directed towards the Sun. This is the cause of Earth's

text: season

text: s.

text: Summer

text: occurs in the

text: Northern hemisphere

text: when the north pole is directed toward the Sun. Variations in Earth's axial tilt can influence the seasons and is likely a factor in long-term

text: climate change

text: (also see

text: Milankovitch cycles

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's axis remains tilted in the same direction with reference to the background stars

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: this pole will be directed towards the Sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this pole will be directed towards the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: this pole will be directed towards the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer occurs in the Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this pole will be directed towards the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the north pole is directed toward the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Summer

text: Equinox is the Annual National Level Business and Cultural Fest of IIM Raipur. The inaugural edition of Equinox was held on 12 March 2011. The 3rd Edition of EQUINOX was held from 17 - 19 February 2013.

text: Equinox is the Annual National Level Business and Cultural Fest of IIM Raipur. The inaugural edition of Equinox was held on 12 March 2011. The 3rd Edition of EQUINOX was held from 17 - 19 February 2013.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 13 February 2013

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: held from 17 - 19 February 2013

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Annual National Level Business and Cultural Fest

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 12 March 2011.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: IIM Raipur.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Raipur.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 12 March 2011.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The inaugural edition of Equinox was held on 12 March 2011.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 12 March 2011.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 12 March 2011.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 12 March 2011.

text: A radiation belt is a zone of energetic charged particles, most of which originate from the solar wind that is captured by and held around a planet by that planet's magnetic field. The Earth has two such belts and sometimes others may be temporarily created. The discovery of the belts is credited to James Van Allen, and as a result the Earth's belts are known as the Van Allen belts. Earth's two main belts extend from an altitude of about 1,000 to 60,000 kilometers above the surface in which region radiation levels vary. Most of the particles that form the belts are thought to come from solar wind and other particles by cosmic rays. By trapping the solar wind, the magnetic field deflects those energetic particles and protects the Earth's atmosphere from destruction.

text: A radiation belt is a zone of

text: energetic

text: charged particle

text: s, most of which originate from the solar wind that is captured by and held around a planet by that planet's

text: magnetic field

text: . The Earth has two such belts and sometimes others may be temporarily created. The discovery of the belts is credited to

text: James Van Allen

text: , and as a result the Earth's belts are known as the Van Allen belts. Earth's two main belts extend from an altitude of about 1,000 to 60,000 kilometers above the surface in which region

text: radiation

text: levels vary. Most of the particles that form the belts are thought to come from

text: solar wind

text: and other particles by

text: cosmic ray

text: s. By trapping the solar wind, the magnetic field deflects those energetic particles and protects the Earth's atmosphere from destruction.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: by trapping the solar wind

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 60,000 kilometers above the surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Earth has two such belts and sometimes others may be temporarily created

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: most of the particles that form the belts are thought to come from solar wind

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: protects the Earth's atmosphere from destruction.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: radiation belt

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Van Allen belts.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: radiation levels vary.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 60,000 kilometers

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: radiation belt

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: radiation levels vary.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Van Allen belts.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Van Allen belts.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Van Allen belts.

text: South America  is a continent located in the western hemisphere, mostly in the southern hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the northern hemisphere. It is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas, which is the model used in nations that speak Romance languages. The reference to South America instead of other regions (like Latin America or the Southern Cone) has increased in the last decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics (in particular, the rise of Brazil).

text: South America  is a

text: continent

text: located in the

text: western hemisphere

text: , mostly in the

text: southern hemisphere

text: , with a relatively small portion in the

text: northern hemisphere

text: . It is also considered a

text: subcontinent

text: of the

text: Americas

text: , which is the model used in nations that speak

text: Romance languages

text: . The reference to South America instead of other regions (like Latin America or the Southern Cone) has increased in the last decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics (in particular, the rise of Brazil).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: is a continent located in the western hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changing geopolitical dynamics

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: western hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: southern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: South America is a continent located in the western hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: western hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: South America is a continent located in the western hemisphere,

text: One rather complex task that falls to STScI is scheduling observations for the telescope. Hubble is in a low-Earth orbit to enable servicing missions, but this means that most astronomical targets are occulted by the Earth for slightly less than half of each orbit. Observations cannot take place when the telescope passes through the South Atlantic Anomaly due to elevated radiation levels, and there are also sizable exclusion zones around the Sun (precluding observations of Mercury), Moon and Earth. The solar avoidance angle is about 50°, to keep sunlight from illuminating any part of the OTA. Earth and Moon avoidance keeps bright light out of the FGSs, and keeps scattered light from entering the instruments. If the FGSs are turned off, however, the Moon and Earth can be observed. Earth observations were used very early in the program to generate flat-fields for the WFPC1 instrument. There is a so-called continuous viewing zone (CVZ), at roughly 90° to the plane of Hubble's orbit, in which targets are not occulted for long periods. Due to the precession of the orbit, the location of the CVZ moves slowly over a period of eight weeks. Because the limb of the Earth is always within about 30° of regions within the CVZ, the brightness of scattered earthshine may be elevated for long periods during CVZ observations.

text: One rather complex task that falls to STScI is scheduling observations for the telescope. Hubble is in a low-Earth orbit to enable servicing missions, but this means that most astronomical targets are

text: occulted

text: by the Earth for slightly less than half of each orbit. Observations cannot take place when the telescope passes through the

text: South Atlantic Anomaly

text: due to elevated

text: radiation

text: levels, and there are also sizable exclusion zones around the Sun (precluding observations of

text: Mercury

text: ), Moon and Earth. The solar avoidance angle is about 50°, to keep sunlight from illuminating any part of the OTA. Earth and Moon avoidance keeps bright light out of the FGSs, and keeps scattered light from entering the instruments. If the FGSs are turned off, however, the Moon and Earth can be observed. Earth observations were used very early in the program to generate flat-fields for the WFPC1 instrument. There is a so-called continuous viewing zone (CVZ), at roughly 90° to the plane of Hubble's orbit, in which targets are not

text: occulted

text: for long periods. Due to the

text: precession

text: of the orbit, the location of the CVZ moves slowly over a period of eight weeks. Because the

text: limb

text: of the Earth is always within about 30° of regions within the CVZ, the brightness of scattered

text: earthshine

text: may be elevated for long periods during CVZ observations.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the location of the CVZ moves slowly over a period of eight weeks

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the South Atlantic Anomaly

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Observations cannot take place when the telescope passes through the South Atlantic Anomaly due to elevated radiation levels

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Observations cannot take place when the telescope passes through the South Atlantic Anomaly

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession of the orbit,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: continuous viewing zone

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: South Atlantic Anomaly

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: continuous viewing zone (CVZ),

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: South Atlantic Anomaly

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: South Atlantic Anomaly

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The solar avoidance angle is about 50°,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: continuous viewing zone

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The solar avoidance angle is about 50°,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: South Atlantic Anomaly

text: New growth in trees occurs in a layer of cells near the bark. A tree's growth rate changes in a predictable pattern throughout the year in response to seasonal climate changes, resulting in visible growth rings. Each ring marks a complete cycle of seasons, or one year, in the tree's life. , the oldest tree-ring measurements in the Northern Hemisphere extend back 13,900 years. Dendrochronology derives from  (dendron), meaning "tree limb", χρόνος (khronos), meaning "time", and -λογία (-logia), "the study of".

text: New growth in trees occurs in a layer of cells near the bark. A tree's growth rate changes in a predictable pattern throughout the year in response to seasonal climate changes, resulting in visible growth rings. Each ring marks a complete cycle of seasons, or one year, in the tree's life. , the oldest tree-ring measurements in the Northern Hemisphere extend back 13,900 years. Dendrochronology derives from  (dendron), meaning "tree limb",

text: χρόνος

text: (khronos), meaning "time", and

text: -λογία

text: -logia

text: ), "the study of".

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal climate changes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal climate changes,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasonal climate changes,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: seasonal climate changes,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: A tree's growth rate changes in a predictable pattern throughout the year

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal climate changes,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: seasonal climate changes,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: seasonal climate changes,

text: The surface reflectance of incoming solar radiation is important for the surface energy balance (SEB). It is the ratio of reflected to incident solar radiation, commonly referred to as albedo. Climatologists are primarily interested in albedo integrated over the shortwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (~300 to 3500 nm), which coincides with the main solar energy input. Typically, albedo values for non-melting snow-covered surfaces are high (~80-90%) except in the case of forests. The higher albedos for snow and ice cause rapid shifts in surface reflectivity in autumn and spring in high latitudes, but the overall climatic significance of this increase is spatially and temporally modulated by cloud cover. (Planetary albedo is determined principally by cloud cover, and by the small amount of total solar radiation received in high latitudes during winter months.) Summer and autumn are times of high-average cloudiness over the Arctic Ocean so the albedo feedback associated with the large seasonal changes in sea-ice extent is greatly reduced. Groisman et al. (1994a) observed that snow cover exhibited the greatest influence on the Earth radiative balance in the spring (April to May) period when incoming solar radiation was greatest over snow-covered areas.

text: The surface reflectance of incoming

text: solar radiation

text: is important for the surface energy balance (SEB). It is the ratio of reflected to incident solar radiation, commonly referred to as

text: albedo

text: Climatologists

text: are primarily interested in

text: albedo

text: integrated over the

text: shortwave

text: portion of the

text: electromagnetic spectrum

text: (~300 to 3500 nm), which coincides with the main solar energy input. Typically,

text: albedo

text: values for non-melting snow-covered surfaces are high (~80-90%) except in the case of forests. The higher

text: albedo

text: s for snow and ice cause rapid shifts in surface

text: reflectivity

text: in autumn and spring in high latitudes, but the overall climatic significance of this increase is spatially and temporally modulated by

text: cloud cover

text: . (Planetary

text: albedo

text: is determined principally by

text: cloud cover

text: , and by the small amount of total

text: solar radiation

text: received in high

text: latitudes

text: during winter months.) Summer and autumn are times of high-average cloudiness over the

text: Arctic Ocean

text: so the

text: albedo

text: feedback

text: associated with the large seasonal changes in

text: sea-ice

text: extent is greatly reduced. Groisman et al. (1994a) observed that snow cover exhibited the greatest influence on the

text: Earth

text: radiative balance

text: in the spring (April to May) period when incoming

text: solar radiation

text: was greatest over snow-covered areas.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth radiative balance

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: high latitudes

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter months

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cloud cover.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn and spring in high latitudes,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer and autumn are times of high-average cloudiness over the Arctic Ocean

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: forests.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: snow-covered areas.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: small amount of total solar radiation received in high latitudes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (April to May)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: (April to May)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The surface reflectance of incoming solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn

text: Autumn, also known as fall in North American English, is one of the four temperate seasons. Autumn marks the transition from summer to winter, in September (Northern Hemisphere) or March (Southern Hemisphere), when the arrival of night becomes noticeably earlier while the arrival of day becomes noticeably later, and the temperature cools down considerably. One of its main features is the shedding of leaves from deciduous trees.

text: Autumn, also known as fall in North American English, is one of the four

text: temperate

text: season

text: s. Autumn marks the transition from

text: summer

text: to

text: winter

text: , in September (

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: ) or March (

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: ), when the arrival of

text: night

text: becomes noticeably earlier while the arrival of

text: day

text: becomes noticeably later, and the temperature cools down considerably. One of its main features is the

text: shedding of leaves

text: from

text: deciduous trees

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Autumn marks the transition from summer to winter

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March (Southern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: arrival of night becomes noticeably earlier while the arrival of day becomes noticeably later

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: shedding of leaves from deciduous trees.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: night becomes noticeably earlier while the arrival of day becomes noticeably later,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: temperate seasons.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the arrival of night becomes noticeably earlier

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: day becomes noticeably later,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Autumn marks the transition from summer to winter,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Autumn marks the transition from summer to winter,

text: Average annual solar radiation arriving at the top of the Earth's atmosphere is roughly 1366 W/m. The radiation is distributed across the electromagnetic spectrum. About half is infrared light. The Sun's rays are attenuated as they pass through the atmosphere, leaving maximum normal surface irradiance at approximately 1000 W /m at sea level on a clear day. When 1367 W/m is arriving above the atmosphere (as when the earth is one astronomical unit from the sun), direct sun is about 1050 W/m, and global radiation on a horizontal surface at ground level is about 1120 W/m.The latter figure includes radiation scattered or reemitted by atmosphere and surroundings. The actual figure varies with the Sun's angle and atmospheric circumstances. Ignoring clouds, the daily average insolation for the Earth is approximately 6 kWh/m = 21.6 MJ/m.

text: Average annual solar radiation arriving at the top of the Earth's atmosphere is roughly 1366 W/m. The radiation is distributed across the

text: electromagnetic spectrum

text: . About half is

text: infrared light

text: . The Sun's rays are

text: attenuated

text: as they pass through the

text: atmosphere

text: , leaving maximum normal surface irradiance at approximately 1000 W /m at

text: sea level

text: on a clear day. When 1367 W/m is arriving above the atmosphere (as when the earth is one

text: astronomical unit

text: from the sun), direct sun is about 1050 W/m, and global radiation on a horizontal surface at ground level is about 1120 W/m.The latter figure includes radiation scattered or reemitted by atmosphere and surroundings. The actual figure varies with the Sun's angle and atmospheric circumstances. Ignoring clouds, the daily average insolation for the Earth is approximately 6 kWh/m = 21.6 MJ/m.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Sun's rays are attenuated as they pass through the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: top of Earth's atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1367 W/m

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's rays are attenuated as they pass through the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Sun's angle and atmospheric circumstances.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1367 W/m

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Average annual solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: sea level

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: top of the Earth's atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1367 W/m is arriving above the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the earth is one astronomical unit from the sun),

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: a clear day.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1366 W/m.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1366 W/m.

text: Wyant would later have a career in the NFL as he was drafted in the third round (36th overall pick) of the 1956 NFL Draft by the Washington Redskins.  He played one season for the Redskins, becoming a member of the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL) the following year where he played one season.

text: Wyant would later have a career in the NFL as he was

text: drafted

text: in the third round (36th overall pick) of the

text: 1956 NFL Draft

text: by the

text: Washington Redskins

text: .  He played one season for the Redskins, becoming a member of the

text: Toronto Argonauts

text: of the

text: Canadian Football League

text: (CFL) the following year where he played one season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: being a member of the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Canadian Football League

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Canadian Football League

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1956 NFL Draft by the Washington Redskins.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Toronto Argonauts

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Toronto Argonauts

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1956

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Wyant would later have a career in the NFL

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1956

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1956 NFL Draft by the Washington Redskins.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1956 NFL Draft by the Washington Redskins.

text: The Moon's orbit around the Earth is elliptical, which causes the Moon to be closer to the Earth and farther away at different times.  The Moon and the Sun are aligned every two weeks, which results in spring tides – tides that are 20% higher than normal.  During the period of the new moon, the Moon and Sun are on the same side of the Earth, so the high tides or bulges produced independently by each reinforce each other (and has nothing to do with the season called spring).  Tides of maximum height and depression produced during this period are known as spring tide.  Even higher than a normal spring tide are the perigean tides. Perigean spring tides can produce unusually intense flooding along the coastal regions. Low amplitude tides are known as neap tides.

text: The Moon's orbit around the Earth is elliptical, which causes the Moon to be closer to the Earth and farther away at different times.  The Moon and the Sun are aligned every two weeks, which results in spring tides – tides that are 20% higher than normal.  During the period of the

text: new moon

text: , the Moon and Sun are on the same side of the Earth, so the high tides or bulges produced independently by each reinforce each other (and has nothing to do with the season called spring).  Tides of maximum height and depression produced during this period are known as spring tide.  Even higher than a normal spring tide are the perigean tides. Perigean spring tides can produce unusually intense flooding along the coastal regions. Low amplitude tides are known as

text: neap tide

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Moon's orbit around the Earth is elliptical

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: perigean

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: has nothing to do with the season called spring

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Moon and the Sun are aligned every two weeks

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: period of the new moon

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Moon's orbit around the Earth is elliptical,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perigean tides.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The Moon's orbit around the Earth is elliptical,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: perigean tides.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: neap tides.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Moon and the Sun are aligned every two weeks,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: new moon,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Moon's orbit around the Earth is elliptical,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring).

text: For various reasons, the sources do not always agree. The Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment/Total Irradiance Measurement (SORCE/TIM) TSI values are lower than prior measurements by the Earth Radiometer Budget Experiment (ERBE) on the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS), VIRGO on the Solar Heliospheric Observatory (SoHO)  and the ACRIM instruments on the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM), Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) and ACRIMSat. Pre-launch ground calibrations relied on component rather than system level measurements, since irradiance standards lacked absolute accuracies.

text: For various reasons, the sources do not always agree. The Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment/Total Irradiance Measurement (

text: SORCE

text: /TIM) TSI values are lower than prior measurements by the Earth Radiometer Budget Experiment (ERBE) on the

text: Earth Radiation Budget Satellite

text: (ERBS), VIRGO on the

text: Solar Heliospheric Observatory

text: (SoHO)  and the ACRIM instruments on the

text: Solar Maximum Mission

text: (SMM),

text: Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite

text: (UARS) and

text: ACRIMSat

text: . Pre-launch ground calibrations relied on component rather than system level measurements, since irradiance standards lacked absolute accuracies.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: various reasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Solar Maximum

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Upper Atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: erbe

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the sources do not always agree

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: tim

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the sources do not always agree.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Solar Maximum Mission

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: For various reasons, the sources do not always agree.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: irradiance standards lacked absolute accuracies.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Upper Atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Solar Heliospheric Observatory

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: For various reasons, the sources do not always agree.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: absolute accuracies.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: For various reasons, the sources do not always agree.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: For various reasons, the sources do not always agree.

text: Summer schedule (northern hemisphere; austral winter)<br> Winter schedule (northern hemisphere; austral summer)

text: Summer schedule (northern hemisphere; austral winter)<br> Winter schedule (northern hemisphere; austral summer)

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer, we experience shorter days and longer nights

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: br>

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polaris, the north star

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: the vernal equinox happens around september 22 or 23

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Summer schedule (northern hemisphere;

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: austral winter)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: austral winter)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: austral winter)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (northern hemisphere;

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: austral summer)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: austral winter)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: austral winter)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: (northern hemisphere; austral winter)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: austral winter)

text: On the season having a big crossover in early 2017 like previous seasons, Bell said that any crossover will not be as large scale as the first season crossover with Captain America: The Winter Soldier, which changed the premise of the series, and noted that the MCU film being released at that time is Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, which would be difficult to tie-in with as it is not set on Earth, and takes place earlier in the MCU continuity than the season is set.

text: On the season having a big crossover in early 2017 like previous seasons, Bell said that any crossover will not be as large scale as the first season crossover with

text: Captain America: The Winter Soldier

text: , which changed the premise of the series, and noted that the MCU film being released at that time is

text: Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2

text: , which would be difficult to tie-in with as it is not set on Earth, and takes place earlier in the MCU continuity than the season is set.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a big crossover in early 2017 like previous seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the oceans

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is not set on Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changed the premise of the series,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The Winter Soldier,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2017

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 2017

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2017

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: takes place earlier in the MCU continuity than the season is set.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2017

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Captain America: The Winter Soldier,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2017

text: Over the year, 45 cyclones on average in the Northern Hemisphere and 26 in the Southern Hemisphere develop explosively, mostly in the respective hemisphere's winter time. Less seasonality has been noticed in bomb cyclogenesis occurrences in the Southern Hemisphere.

text: Over the year, 45 cyclones on average in the Northern Hemisphere and 26 in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: develop explosively, mostly in the respective

text: hemisphere

text: 's winter time. Less seasonality has been noticed in bomb cyclogenesis occurrences in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonality

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the respective hemisphere's winter time

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: less seasonality

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasonality

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 45 cyclones

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: bomb cyclogenesis

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter time.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: mostly in the respective hemisphere's winter time.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Less seasonality

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter time.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 26 in the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 26 in the Southern Hemisphere

text: Galactic cosmic rays create a continuous radiation dose throughout the Solar System that increases during solar minimum and decreases during solar maximum (solar activity).  The inner and outer radiation belts are two regions of trapped particles from the solar wind that are later accelerated by dynamic interaction with the Earth's magnetic field.  While always high, the radiation dose in these belts can increase dramatically during geomagnetic storms and substorms.  Solar proton events are bursts of energetic protons accelerated by the Sun. They occur relatively rarely and can produce extremely high radiation levels. Without thick shielding, SPEs are sufficiently strong to cause acute radiation poisoning and death.

text: Galactic cosmic rays create a continuous radiation dose throughout the

text: Solar System

text: that increases during solar minimum and decreases during solar maximum (

text: solar activity

text: ).  The inner and outer radiation belts are two regions of trapped particles from the solar wind that are later accelerated by dynamic interaction with the Earth's magnetic field.  While always high, the radiation dose in these belts can increase dramatically during

text: geomagnetic storms

text: and

text: substorm

text: s.  Solar proton events are bursts of energetic protons accelerated by the Sun. They occur relatively rarely and can produce extremely high radiation levels. Without thick shielding, SPEs are sufficiently strong to cause acute

text: radiation poisoning

text: and death.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cosmic rays

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solar maximum

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Galactic cosmic rays

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The inner and outer radiation belts

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The inner and outer radiation belts

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: increases during solar minimum and decreases during solar maximum

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Galactic cosmic rays

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Galactic cosmic rays

text: During the last few thousand years, this phenomenon contributed to a slow cooling trend at high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during summer, a trend that was reversed by greenhouse-gas-induced warming during the 20th century.

text: During the last few thousand years, this phenomenon contributed to a slow cooling trend at high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere during summer, a trend that was reversed by greenhouse-gas-induced warming during the 20th century.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: greenhouse-gas-induced warming

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: slow cooling

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: slow cooling trend at high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: high latitudes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cooling trend at high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: slow cooling trend at high latitudes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: cooling trend at high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer,

text: It requires a large source of energy at a certain altitude to maintain a significant hydrodynamic escape.  Solar radiation is seldom enough for known present day atmospheres in the Solar System. It is speculated that early atmospheres of Earth, Venus and Mars have experienced periods of hydrodynamic escape due to the heat input from planetary accretion processes.

text: It requires a large source of energy at a certain altitude to maintain a significant hydrodynamic escape.  Solar radiation is seldom enough for known present day atmospheres in the Solar System. It is speculated that early atmospheres of Earth, Venus and Mars have experienced periods of hydrodynamic escape due to the heat input from planetary

text: accretion processes

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: heat input from planetary accretion processes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Venus

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar radiation is seldom enough for known present day atmospheres in the Solar System

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: heat input from planetary accretion processes.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: hydrodynamic escape.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar radiation is seldom enough for known present day atmospheres in the Solar System.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Solar radiation is seldom enough for known present day atmospheres in the Solar System.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: a certain altitude

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Solar radiation is seldom enough for known present day atmospheres in the Solar System.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: a certain altitude to maintain a significant hydrodynamic escape.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar radiation is seldom enough for known present day atmospheres in the Solar System.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Solar radiation is seldom enough for known present day atmospheres in the Solar System.

text: More recently, it has been proposed the in situ production of oxygen, hydrogen and CO  from the  martian hematite deposits via a two-step thermochemical CO/HO splitting process,and specifically in the magnetite/wustite redox cycle.  Although thermolysis is the most direct, one-step process for splitting molecules, it is neither practical nor efficient in the case of either HO or CO. This is because the process requires a very high temperature (> 2500 C) to achieve a meaningful dissociation fraction. This poses problems in finding suitable reactor materials, losses due to vigorous product recombination, and excessive aperture radiation losses when concentrated solar heat is used. The magnetite/wustite redox cycle was first proposed for solar application on earth by Nakamura, and was one of the first used for solar-driven two-step water splitting. In this cycle, water reacts with wustite (FeO) to form magnetite (FeO) and hydrogen. The summarized reactions in this two-step splitting process are as follows:

text: More recently, it has been proposed the in situ production of oxygen, hydrogen and CO  from the  martian hematite deposits via a two-step thermochemical CO/HO splitting process,and specifically in the magnetite/wustite redox cycle.  Although thermolysis is the most direct, one-step process for splitting molecules, it is neither practical nor efficient in the case of either HO or CO. This is because the process requires a very high temperature (> 2500 C) to achieve a meaningful dissociation fraction. This poses problems in finding suitable reactor materials, losses due to vigorous product recombination, and excessive aperture radiation losses when concentrated solar heat is used. The magnetite/wustite redox cycle was first proposed for solar application on earth by Nakamura, and was one of the first used for solar-driven two-step water splitting. In this cycle, water reacts with wustite (FeO) to form magnetite (FeO) and hydrogen. The summarized reactions in this two-step splitting process are as follows:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar-driven two-step water splitting

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earths axis of rotation is pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from Polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: losses due to vigorous product recombination,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar heat

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: magnetite/wustite redox cycle.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: martian

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solar heat

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar heat

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: thermolysis is the most direct, one-step process for splitting molecules,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: CO/HO

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: hydrogen.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: magnetite/wustite redox cycle.

text: In the 2nd century BC, Hipparchus, aware of the extraordinary accuracy with which Babylonian astronomers could predict the planets' motions, insisted that Greek astronomers achieve similar levels of accuracy. Somehow he had access to Babylonian observations or predictions, and used them to create better geometrical models. For the Sun, he used a simple eccentric model, based on observations of the equinoxes, which explained both changes in the speed of the Sun and differences in the lengths of the seasons. For the Moon, he used a deferent and epicycle model. He could not create accurate models for the remaining planets, and criticized other Greek astronomers for creating inaccurate models.

text: In the 2nd century BC,

text: Hipparchus

text: , aware of the extraordinary accuracy with which

text: Babylonian astronomers

text: could predict the planets' motions, insisted that Greek astronomers achieve similar levels of accuracy. Somehow he had access to Babylonian observations or predictions, and used them to create better geometrical models. For the Sun, he used a simple eccentric model, based on observations of the

text: equinoxes

text: , which explained both changes in the speed of the Sun and differences in the lengths of the

text: seasons

text: . For the Moon, he used a

text: deferent and epicycle

text: model. He could not create accurate models for the remaining planets, and criticized other Greek astronomers for creating inaccurate models.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes in the speed of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: differences in the lengths of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: differences in the lengths of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: differences in the lengths of the seasons.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: differences in the lengths of the seasons.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Moon,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: changes in the speed of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Sun, he used a simple eccentric model,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: equinoxes,

text: Although it is considered easy to keep echidnas healthy in captivity, breeding is difficult, partly due to the relatively infrequent cycle. In 2009, Perth Zoo managed to breed some captive short-beaked echidnas. Until 2006, only five zoos have managed to breed short-beaked echidnas, but no captive-bred young have survived to maturity. Of these five institutions, only one in Australia—Sydney's Taronga Zoo—managed to breed echidnas, in 1977. The other four cases occurred in the Northern Hemisphere, two in the United States and the others in western Europe. In these cases, breeding occurred six months out of phase compared to Australia, after the animals had adapted to Northern Hemisphere seasons. The failure of captive breeding programs has conservation implications for the endangered species of echidna from the genus Zaglossus, and to a lesser extent for the short-beaked echidna.

text: Although it is considered easy to keep echidnas healthy in captivity, breeding is difficult, partly due to the relatively infrequent cycle. In 2009,

text: Perth Zoo

text: managed to breed some captive short-beaked echidnas. Until 2006, only five zoos have managed to breed short-beaked echidnas, but no captive-bred young have survived to maturity. Of these five institutions, only one in Australia—Sydney's

text: Taronga Zoo

text: —managed to breed echidnas, in 1977. The other four cases occurred in the Northern Hemisphere, two in the United States and the others in western Europe. In these cases, breeding occurred six months out of phase compared to Australia, after the animals had adapted to Northern Hemisphere seasons. The failure of captive breeding programs has conservation implications for the endangered species of echidna from the genus Zaglossus, and to a lesser extent for the short-beaked echidna.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Northern Hemisphere seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: six months out of phase

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: six months out of phase

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: phase

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: adapted to Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Northern Hemisphere seasons.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Northern Hemisphere seasons.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere seasons.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: six months

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: six months out of phase

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: six months out of phase

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: six months out of phase compared to Australia,

text: Of the major groups of teleosts, the Elopomorpha, Clupeomorpha and Percomorpha (perches, tunas and many others) all have a worldwide distribution and are mainly marine; the Ostariophysi and Osteoglossomorpha are worldwide but mainly freshwater, the latter mainly in the tropics; the Atherinomorpha (guppies, etc.) have a worldwide distribution, both fresh and salt, but are surface-dwellers. In contrast, the Esociformes (pikes) are limited to freshwater in the Northern Hemisphere, while the Salmoniformes (salmon, trout) are found in both Northern and Southern temperate zones in freshwater, some species migrating to and from the sea. The Paracanthopterygii (cods, etc.) are Northern hemisphere fish, with both salt and freshwater species.

text: Of the major groups of teleosts, the Elopomorpha, Clupeomorpha and Percomorpha (perches, tunas and many others) all have a worldwide distribution and are mainly marine; the Ostariophysi and Osteoglossomorpha are worldwide but mainly freshwater, the latter mainly in the tropics; the Atherinomorpha (guppies, etc.) have a worldwide distribution, both fresh and salt, but are surface-dwellers. In contrast, the Esociformes (pikes) are limited to freshwater in the Northern Hemisphere, while the Salmoniformes (salmon, trout) are found in both Northern and Southern temperate zones in freshwater, some species migrating to and from the sea. The Paracanthopterygii (cods, etc.) are Northern hemisphere fish, with both salt and freshwater species.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: freshwater

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: worldwide distribution and are mainly marine

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: some species migrating to and from the sea.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: tropics;

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Of the major groups of teleosts,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern and Southern temperate zones

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: worldwide distribution and are mainly marine;

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: tropics;

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Of the major groups of teleosts,

text: There are also forces external to Earth itself that affect Earth’s climate. Two examples of these external forces are meteors/asteroids becoming meteorites and striking the surface of the earth, and geomagnetic storms from the sun affecting the earth. Asteroids only about two kilometers in diameter, according to Young’s paper referencing original author Michael Paine, can cause craters in Earth’s surface about 40 kilometers in diameter. Such an impact could throw enormous quantities of dust into the sky, blocking out the sun and causing significant climate changes, somewhat similar in effect to a gigantic volcanic eruption. Among other things, meteorites striking Earth also “affect sea level, rainfall, temperature, ocean currents, and atmospheric circulation”. Asteroids and meteors are not, however, the only external forces to affect Earth climate change. Variations in solar output can also bring about climate change on the Earth. More specifically, varying amounts of sun activity, including sunspots, solar flares, solar wind, and massive solar radiation, can all be grouped together as geomagnetic storms, which together, act to affect Earth’s climate. Our sun has a solar activity cycle of about 11 years. During which time, the sun gets sunspots, shoots off solar flares, and blasts earth with solar wind and geomagnetic activity. Despite the appearance that these events seem random, they do overall follow a fairly steady cycle of approximately 11 years. The difference in average solar irradiation received by the earth due to these ‘random’ events, though, is only about 0.1 percent. Overall, the total irradiation generated by the sun, and received by the earth is a major factor affecting Earth climate. The total solar irradiation received by Earth’s surface can be calculated mathematically. This can be done through the following equation:

text: There are also forces external to Earth itself that affect Earth’s climate. Two examples of these external forces are meteors/asteroids becoming

text: meteorites

text: and striking the surface of the earth, and geomagnetic storms from the sun affecting the earth. Asteroids only about two kilometers in diameter, according to Young’s paper referencing original author Michael Paine, can cause craters in Earth’s surface about 40 kilometers in diameter. Such an impact could throw enormous quantities of dust into the sky, blocking out the sun and causing significant climate changes, somewhat similar in effect to a gigantic volcanic eruption. Among other things, meteorites striking Earth also “affect sea level, rainfall, temperature, ocean currents, and atmospheric circulation”. Asteroids and meteors are not, however, the only external forces to affect Earth climate change. Variations in solar output can also bring about climate change on the Earth. More specifically, varying amounts of

text: sun activity

text: , including

text: sunspots

text: solar flares

text: solar wind

text: , and massive

text: solar radiation

text: , can all be grouped together as geomagnetic storms, which together, act to affect Earth’s climate. Our sun has a solar activity cycle of about 11 years. During which time, the sun gets sunspots, shoots off solar flares, and blasts earth with solar wind and

text: geomagnetic activity

text: . Despite the appearance that these events seem random, they do overall follow a fairly steady cycle of approximately 11 years. The difference in average solar irradiation received by the earth due to these ‘random’ events, though, is only about 0.1 percent. Overall, the total irradiation generated by the sun, and received by the earth is a major factor affecting Earth climate. The total solar irradiation received by Earth’s surface can be calculated mathematically. This can be done through the following equation:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: external forces

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: during the winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth’s surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth’s surface can be calculated mathematically

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: When is the vernal equinox?

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Our sun has a solar activity cycle of about 11 years.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sunspots,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: total irradiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 0.1 percent.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth’s surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 0.1 percent.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 0.1 percent.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 11 years.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 11 years.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 0.1 percent.

text: Located in the tropics at high altitude, Sodo possesses a well-moderated Subtropical highland climate (Koppen Cwb), with a pronounced pattern of wet summers and dry winters. Despite being located in the Northern Hemisphere, Sodo is actually cooler in the "summer" than the "winter" due to much higher rainfall in the high-sun season, a phenomenon common to Sodo's region.

text: Located in the tropics at high altitude, Sodo possesses a well-moderated

text: Subtropical highland climate

text: Koppen

text: Cwb), with a pronounced pattern of wet summers and dry winters. Despite being located in the Northern Hemisphere, Sodo is actually cooler in the "summer" than the "winter" due to much higher rainfall in the high-sun season, a phenomenon common to Sodo's region.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: much higher rainfall in the high-sun season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Sodo is actually cooler in the "summer" than the "winter"

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cooler in the "summer" than the "winter"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: much higher rainfall in the high-sun season,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: high-sun season,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Sodo is actually cooler

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: cooler in the "summer" than the "winter"

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cooler

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cooler in the "summer" than the "winter"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "summer"

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Sodo is actually cooler in the "summer"

text: Grass carp have been introduced to many countries around the world. In the Northern Hemisphere, countries and territories of introduction include Taiwan, Israel, Japan, the Philippines, the United States, Mexico, India, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Denmark, Sweden, Romania,  Poland, Italy, West Germany, France, and the United Kingdom. In the Southern Hemisphere, they have been introduced to Argentina, Venezuela, Fiji, New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa. Grass carp are known to have spawned and established self-reproducing populations in only six of the many larger Northern Hemisphere rivers into which they have been stocked. Their failure to establish populations in other rivers suggests they have quite specific reproductive requirements.

text: Grass carp have been

text: introduced

text: to many countries around the world. In the Northern Hemisphere, countries and territories of introduction include Taiwan, Israel, Japan, the Philippines, the United States, Mexico, India, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Switzerland,

text: Czechoslovakia

text: Yugoslavia

text: , Denmark, Sweden, Romania,  Poland, Italy,

text: West Germany

text: , France, and the United Kingdom. In the Southern Hemisphere, they have been introduced to Argentina, Venezuela, Fiji, New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa. Grass carp are known to have spawned and established self-reproducing populations in only six of the many larger Northern Hemisphere rivers into which they have been stocked. Their failure to establish populations in other rivers suggests they have quite specific reproductive requirements.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Grass carp

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: nighttime

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: reproductive requirements.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Romania, Poland,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Taiwan,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Czechoslovakia,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Their failure to establish populations in other rivers suggests they have quite specific reproductive requirements.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Czechoslovakia,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia,

text: Equinox is a French demogroup with an active period between the years 1988-2007.

text: Equinox is a

text: French

text: demogroup

text: with an active period between the years 1988-2007.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox was active

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was active from 1988 to 2007

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: French demogroup with an active period between the years 1988-2007.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: French demogroup with an active period between the years 1988-2007.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: French demogroup with an active period between the years 1988-2007.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox is a French

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: French demogroup with an active period between the years 1988-2007.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1988-2007.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a French demogroup with an active period between the years 1988-2007.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1988-2007.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox is a French

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: French demogroup with an active period between the years 1988-2007.

text: Barry Letts took over as producer from Derrick Sherwin after Spearhead from Space. From this season onwards the programme was produced in colour. To accommodate the new production methods the number of episodes in a season was cut: season 6 has 44 episodes; season 7 has 25 episodes. The seasons would continue to have between 20 and 26 episodes until season 22. Following the opening four parter, the remaining episodes were divided into three serials each of seven episodes. This, along with setting the entire season exclusively on Earth, had been the choice of Peter Bryant and Derrick Sherwin, which Letts and script editor Terrance Dicks were unhappy with.

text: Barry Letts

text: took over as producer from Derrick Sherwin after

text: Spearhead from Space

text: . From this season onwards the programme was produced in colour. To accommodate the new production methods the number of episodes in a season was cut: season 6 has 44 episodes; season 7 has 25 episodes. The seasons would continue to have between 20 and 26 episodes until season 22. Following the opening four parter, the remaining episodes were divided into three serials each of seven episodes. This, along with setting the entire season exclusively on Earth, had been the choice of Peter Bryant and Derrick Sherwin, which Letts and script editor Terrance Dicks were unhappy with.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: To accommodate the new production methods

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: set the entire season exclusively on Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: To accommodate the new production methods

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: season 6

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 22.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: setting the entire season exclusively on Earth,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 22.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 22.

text: Here , is the Greenwich mean sidereal time (the angle between the mean vernal equinox and the mean Sun in the plane of the equator). Therefore, GMST is an approximation to GAST (and  is an approximation to EOT); eqeq is called the equation of the equinoxes and is due to the wobbling, or nutation of the Earth's axis of rotation about its precessional motion. Since the amplitude of the nutational motion is only about 1.2 s (18″ of longitude) the difference between EOT and  can be ignored unless one is interested in subsecond accuracy.

text: Here , is the Greenwich mean sidereal time (the angle between the mean vernal equinox and the mean Sun in the plane of the equator). Therefore, GMST is an approximation to GAST (and  is an approximation to EOT); eqeq is called the equation of the equinoxes and is due to the wobbling, or

text: nutation

text: of the Earth's axis of rotation about its precessional motion. Since the amplitude of the nutational motion is only about 1.2 s (18″ of longitude) the difference between EOT and  can be ignored unless one is interested in subsecond accuracy.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the wobbling, or nutation of the Earth's axis of rotation about its precessional motion

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Greenwich mean sidereal time

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: nutation of the Earth's axis of rotation about its precessional motion

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precessional motion.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: mean vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: mean vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equator).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator).

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: mean vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: due to the wobbling,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: mean vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: precessional motion.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Greenwich mean sidereal time

text: The model will find the values of T and T that will allow the outgoing radiative power, escaping the top of the atmosphere, to be equal to the absorbed radiative power of sunlight. When applied to a planet like Earth, the outgoing radiation will be longwave and the sunlight will be shortwave. These two streams of radiation will have distinct emission and absorption characteristics.  In the idealized model, we assume the atmosphere is completely transparent to sunlight.  The planetary albedo α is the fraction of the incoming solar flux that is reflected back to space (since the atmosphere is assumed totally transparent to solar radiation, it does not matter whether this albedo is imagined to be caused by reflection at the surface of the planet or at the top of the atmosphere or a mixture).  The flux density of the incoming solar radiation is specified by the solar constant S. For application to planet Earth, appropriate values are S=1366 W m and α=0.30. Accounting for the fact that the surface area of a sphere is 4 times the area of its intercept (its shadow), the average incoming radiation is S/4.

text: The model will find the values of T and T that will allow the outgoing radiative power, escaping the top of the atmosphere, to be equal to the absorbed radiative power of

text: sunlight

text: . When applied to a planet like Earth, the outgoing radiation will be longwave and the sunlight will be shortwave. These two streams of radiation will have distinct emission and absorption characteristics.  In the idealized model, we assume the atmosphere is completely transparent to sunlight.  The planetary

text: albedo

text: α is the fraction of the incoming solar flux that is reflected back to space (since the atmosphere is assumed totally transparent to solar radiation, it does not matter whether this albedo is imagined to be caused by reflection at the surface of the planet or at the top of the atmosphere or a mixture).  The flux density of the incoming solar radiation is specified by the

text: solar constant

text: S. For application to planet Earth, appropriate values are S=1366 W m and α=0.30. Accounting for the fact that the surface area of a sphere is 4 times the area of its intercept (its shadow), the average incoming radiation is S/4.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's surface is 4 times the area of its intercept

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the top of the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the average incoming radiation is S/4.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the average incoming radiation is S/4.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: T

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: planetary albedo

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: shadow), the average incoming radiation is S/4.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: top of the atmosphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: equal to the absorbed radiative power of sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: sunlight.

text: The climate of Uranus is heavily influenced by both its lack of internal heat, which limits atmospheric activity, and by its extreme axial tilt, which induces intense seasonal variation. Uranus's atmosphere is remarkably bland in comparison to the other gas giants which it otherwise closely resembles. When Voyager 2 flew by Uranus in 1986, it observed a total of ten cloud features across the entire planet. Later observations from the ground or by the Hubble Space Telescope made in the 1990s and the 2000s revealed bright clouds in the northern (winter) hemisphere. In 2006 a dark spot similar to the Great Dark Spot on Neptune was detected.

text: The climate of

text: Uranus

text: is heavily influenced by both its lack of internal heat, which limits atmospheric activity, and by its extreme axial tilt, which induces intense seasonal variation. Uranus's atmosphere is remarkably bland in comparison to the other gas giants which it otherwise closely resembles. When

text: Voyager 2

text: flew by Uranus in 1986, it observed a total of ten cloud features across the entire planet. Later observations from the ground or by the

text: Hubble Space Telescope

text: made in the 1990s and the 2000s revealed bright clouds in the northern (winter) hemisphere. In 2006 a dark spot similar to the

text: Great Dark Spot

text: on

text: Neptune

text: was detected.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: extreme axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern (winter)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: bright clouds

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: its extreme axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (winter) hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern (winter) hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern (winter) hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: bright clouds

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: bright clouds in the northern (winter) hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasonal variation.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The climate of Uranus

text: In practical terms, this means that summers and winters have different lengths and intensities in the northern and southern hemispheres. Winters in the north are warm and short (because Mars is moving fast near its perihelion), while winters in the south are long and cold (Mars is moving slowly near aphelion). Similarly, summers in the north are long and cool, while summers in the south are short and hot. Therefore, extremes of temperature are considerably wider in the southern hemisphere than in the north.

text: In practical terms, this means that summers and winters have different lengths and intensities in the northern and southern hemispheres. Winters in the north are warm and short (because Mars is moving fast near its

text: perihelion

text: ), while winters in the south are long and cold (Mars is moving slowly near

text: aphelion

text: ). Similarly, summers in the north are long and cool, while summers in the south are short and hot. Therefore, extremes of temperature are considerably wider in the southern hemisphere than in the north.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mars is moving fast near its perihelion

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winters in the south are long and cold

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: different lengths and intensities in the northern and southern hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: (because Mars is moving fast near its perihelion),

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion),

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summers in the south are short and hot.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern and southern hemispheres.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Winters in the north are warm and short

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summers and winters have different lengths and intensities

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion),

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: northern and southern hemispheres.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: In practical terms,

text: According to Ruddiman, beginning about 900,000 years ago the earth has begun to go through regular glacial cycles in which glaciers or ice have covered approximately one quarter of the earth’s total surface.  These conditions typically last for about 100,000 years and are followed by brief interglacial periods of more temperate weather.  Ruddiman cites various researchers in geology and astronomy who pioneered the understanding of earth’s climate as a function of its orbit.  The various cycles of earth’s climate seem to be explained by the eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession of the Earth's orbit as well as cycles in the amount of solar radiation.  Ruddiman primarily relies on the groundwork by Milutin Milankovitch to explain the effects of solar radiation and earth’s orbit on the climate.  By examining ice cores from around the world scientists have been able to link levels of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane to the various cycles of earth’s climate history.  The discovery of carbon dating aided a great deal in developing this understanding.  Upon investigating the levels of carbon dioxide and methane in the earth’s atmosphere in the most recent interglacial period-10,000 years ago- Ruddiman noticed that levels of carbon dioxide and methane were steadily rising despite the fact that the earth’s natural cycles determined that they should have been decreasing.  It was this discovery that lead to Ruddiman’s search for an explanation and ultimately the creation of this book.

text: According to Ruddiman, beginning about 900,000 years ago the earth has begun to go through regular glacial cycles in which

text: glaciers

text: or ice have covered approximately one quarter of the earth’s total surface.  These conditions typically last for about 100,000 years and are followed by brief

text: interglacial

text: periods of more temperate weather.  Ruddiman cites various researchers in

text: geology

text: and

text: astronomy

text: who pioneered the understanding of earth’s climate as a function of its orbit.  The various cycles of earth’s climate seem to be explained by the

text: eccentricity

text: axial tilt

text: , and precession of the Earth's orbit as well as cycles in the amount of

text: solar radiation

text: .  Ruddiman primarily relies on the groundwork by

text: Milutin Milankovitch

text: to explain the effects of solar radiation and earth’s orbit on the climate.  By examining

text: ice cores

text: from around the world scientists have been able to link levels of

text: greenhouse gases

text: such as carbon dioxide and

text: methane

text: to the various cycles of earth’s climate history.  The discovery of

text: carbon dating

text: aided a great deal in developing this understanding.  Upon investigating the levels of carbon dioxide and methane in the earth’s atmosphere in the most recent interglacial period-10,000 years ago- Ruddiman noticed that levels of carbon dioxide and methane were steadily rising despite the fact that the earth’s natural cycles determined that they should have been decreasing.  It was this discovery that lead to Ruddiman’s search for an explanation and ultimately the creation of this book.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: precession

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's orbit

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: about 900,000 years ago

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's orbit

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: interglacial period

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cycles in the amount of solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: precession

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: glacial cycles

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: cycles in the amount of solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: temperate weather.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: one quarter of the earth’s total surface.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: interglacial periods

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: According to Ruddiman,

text: The fifth season takes place in 2036, 24 years after the conclusion of the fourth season; in 2012, with the information about Olivia's pregnancy. Numerous Observers from the 27th century, having made the Earth uninhabitable in their own time, traveled through time to take over the Earth from humanity, instituting a Purge to kill off a large fraction.

text: The fifth season takes place in 2036, 24 years after the conclusion of the fourth season; in 2012, with the information about Olivia's pregnancy. Numerous Observers from the 27th century, having made the Earth uninhabitable in their own time, traveled through time to take over the Earth from humanity, instituting a Purge to kill off a large fraction.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to kill off a large fraction

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: a large fraction

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2036

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2036

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2036

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Olivia's pregnancy.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Purge

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2036,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 2036,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: humanity,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2036,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: made the Earth uninhabitable in their own time,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2036,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The fifth season takes place in 2036,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The fifth season takes place in 2036,

text: In 1973, Hanseatic was again sold as a replacement for a ship lost in a fire, this time for Home Lines' . Home Lines and German Atlantic Line were both led by Vernicos Eugenides, which made the transfer of Hanseatic to the former's fleet a straightforward affair. After being sold to Home Lines on 25 September 1973, Hanseatic was renamed Doric and subsequently rebuilt with a larger after superstructure. Home Lines used her for cruising from Port Everglades to the West Indies during the northern hemisphere winter season, and New York to Bermuda during the summer season.

text: In 1973, Hanseatic was again sold as a replacement for a ship lost in a fire, this time for

text: Home Lines

text: ' . Home Lines and German Atlantic Line were both led by

text: Vernicos Eugenides

text: , which made the transfer of Hanseatic to the former's fleet a straightforward affair. After being sold to Home Lines on 25 September 1973, Hanseatic was renamed Doric and subsequently rebuilt with a larger after superstructure. Home Lines used her for cruising from

text: Port Everglades

text: to the

text: West Indies

text: during the

text: northern hemisphere

text: winter season, and New York to

text: Bermuda

text: during the summer season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter season, and summer season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cruising

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: New York to Bermuda

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Port Everglades to the West Indies

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: northern hemisphere winter season,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter season,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 25 September 1973,

text: Regions with extreme daily and seasonal temperatures emphasize the value of earth as a thermal mass. In this way, earth sheltering is most effective in regions with high cooling and heating needs, and high temperature differentials. In regions such as the south eastern United States, earth sheltering may need additional care in maintenance and construction due to condensation problems in regard to the high humidity. The ground temperature of the region may be too high to permit earth cooling if temperatures fluctuate only slightly from day to night. Preferably, there should be adequate winter solar radiation, and sufficient means for natural ventilation. Wind is a critical aspect to evaluate during site planning, for reasons regarding wind chill and heat loss, as well as ventilation of the shelter. In the Northern Hemisphere, south facing slopes tend to avoid cold winter winds typically blown in from the north. Fully recessed shelters also offer adequate protection against these harsh winds. However, atria within the structure have the ability to cause minor turbulence depending on the size. In the summer, it is helpful to take advantage of the prevailing winds. Because of the limited window arrangement in most earth shelters, and the resistance to air infiltration, the air within a structure can become stagnant if proper ventilation is not provided. By making use of the wind, natural ventilation can occur without the use of fans or other active systems.  Knowing the direction, and intensity, of seasonal winds is vital in promoting cross ventilation. Vents are commonly placed in the roof of bermed or fully recessed shelters to achieve this effect.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: high temperature differentials

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is helpful to take advantage of the prevailing winds

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: temperature differentials

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: high temperature differentials.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: prevailing winds.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: south eastern United States,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: winter solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: south facing slopes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: temperatures fluctuate only slightly from day to night.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: prevailing winds.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer, it is helpful to take advantage of the prevailing winds.

text: This is a list of Canadian Football League (CFL) seasons, including seasons in Canadian football prior to the CFL's founding in 1958.

text: This is a list of

text: Canadian Football League

text: (CFL)

text: seasons

text: , including seasons in Canadian football prior to the CFL's founding in

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the CFL's founding in 1958

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1958

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: prior to the CFL's founding in 1958.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1958.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1958.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1958.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 1958.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1958.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 1958.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1958.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1958.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1958.

text: This day marks the approximate midpoint of spring in the Northern Hemisphere and of autumn in the Southern Hemisphere (starting the season at the March equinox).

text: This day marks the approximate midpoint of spring in the Northern Hemisphere and of autumn in the Southern Hemisphere (starting the season at the March equinox).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it starts at the March equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: the March equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: March equinox).

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: March equinox).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: March equinox).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: March equinox).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (starting the season at the March equinox).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March equinox).

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: March equinox).

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn in the Southern Hemisphere

text: In a usual northern-hemisphere winter, several minor warming events occur, with a major event occurring roughly every two years.  One reason for major stratospheric warmings to occur in the Northern hemisphere is because orography and land-sea temperature contrasts are responsible for the generation of long (wavenumber 1 or 2) Rossby waves in the troposphere. These waves travel upward to the stratosphere and are dissipated there, decelerating the winds and warming the Arctic. This is the reason that major warmings are only observed in the northern-hemisphere, with one exception. In 2002 a southern-hemisphere major warming was observed. This event to date is not fully understood.

text: In a usual northern-hemisphere winter, several minor warming events occur, with a major event occurring roughly every two years.  One reason for major stratospheric warmings to occur in the Northern hemisphere is because

text: orography

text: and land-sea temperature contrasts are responsible for the generation of long (

text: wavenumber

text: 1 or 2)

text: Rossby waves

text: in the

text: troposphere

text: . These waves travel upward to the

text: stratosphere

text: and are dissipated there, decelerating the winds and warming the Arctic. This is the reason that major warmings are only observed in the northern-hemisphere, with one exception. In 2002 a southern-hemisphere major warming was observed. This event to date is not fully understood.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: several minor warming events occur

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this event to date is not fully understood

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: orography and land-sea temperature contrasts

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (wavenumber 1 or 2) Rossby waves

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: northern-hemisphere winter,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern-hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern-hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: several minor warming events

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: roughly every two years.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: In a usual northern-hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: northern-hemisphere winter,

text: Orbital mechanics require that the duration of the seasons be proportional to the area of the Earth's orbit swept between the solstices and equinoxes, so when the orbital eccentricity is extreme, the seasons that occur on the far side of the orbit (aphelion) can be substantially longer in duration.  Today, northern hemisphere fall and winter occur at closest approach (perihelion), when the earth is moving at its maximum velocity—while the opposite occurs in the southern hemisphere.  As a result, in the northern hemisphere, fall and winter are slightly shorter than spring and summer—but in global terms this is balanced with them being longer below the equator.  In 2006, the northern hemisphere summer was 4.66 days longer than winter, and spring was 2.9 days longer than fall due to the Milankovitch cycles.

text: Orbital mechanics require that the duration of the seasons be proportional to the area of the Earth's orbit swept between the

text: solstices

text: and

text: equinoxes

text: , so when the orbital eccentricity is extreme, the seasons that occur on the far side of the orbit (

text: aphelion

text: ) can be substantially longer in duration.  Today, northern hemisphere fall and winter occur at closest approach (

text: perihelion

text: ), when the earth is moving at its maximum velocity—while the opposite occurs in the southern hemisphere.  As a result, in the northern hemisphere, fall and winter are slightly shorter than spring and summer—but in global terms this is balanced with them being longer below the equator.  In 2006, the northern hemisphere summer was 4.66 days longer than winter, and spring was 2.9 days longer than fall due to the

text: Milankovitch cycles

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Orbital mechanics

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: aphelion

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the northern hemisphere summer was 4.66 days longer than winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this is balanced with them being longer below the equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Orbital mechanics

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (perihelion),

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 4.66 days longer than winter,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: below the equator.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: below the equator.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: fall and winter occur at closest approach (perihelion),

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: proportional to the area of the Earth's orbit

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: fall and winter occur at closest approach (perihelion),

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: fall and winter

text: Many people believe that spacecraft using solar sails are pushed by the Solar winds just as sailboats and sailing ships are pushed by the winds across the waters on Earth. But Solar radiation exerts a pressure on the sail due to reflection and a small fraction that is absorbed.

text: Many people believe that spacecraft using solar sails are pushed by the Solar winds just as

text: sailboat

text: s and

text: sailing ship

text: s are pushed by the winds across the waters on

text: Earth

text: . But Solar radiation exerts a

text: pressure

text: on the sail due to reflection and a small fraction that is absorbed.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the oceans

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no such event occurs

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar radiation exerts a pressure

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar noon

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar winds

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Solar winds

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar winds

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Solar winds

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Solar winds

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Solar winds

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Solar winds

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Solar winds

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar winds

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Solar winds

text: Because Mars takes longer than the Earth to orbit the Sun, there is a seasonal variation that reduces sunlight during Winter.  This occurs roughly once every 2 Earth years. By 2016, MER-B had endured seven Martian winters, during which times power levels drop which can mean the rover avoids doing activities that use a lot of power. During its first winter power levels dropped to under 300 watt-hours per day for two months, but some later winters were not as bad.

text: Because Mars takes longer than the Earth to orbit the Sun, there is a seasonal variation that reduces sunlight during Winter.  This occurs roughly once every 2 Earth years. By 2016, MER-B had endured seven Martian winters, during which times power levels drop which can mean the rover avoids doing activities that use a lot of power. During its first winter power levels dropped to under 300 watt-hours per day for two months, but some later winters were not as bad.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Because Mars takes longer than the Earth to orbit the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: reduces sunlight during Winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Because Mars takes longer than the Earth to orbit the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Winter.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Winter.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sunlight

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal variation that reduces sunlight

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter. This occurs roughly once every 2 Earth years.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: once every 2 Earth years.

text: The short-tailed shearwater or slender-billed shearwater (Ardenna tenuirostris; formerly Puffinus tenuirostris), also called yolla or moonbird, and commonly known as the muttonbird in Australia, is the most abundant seabird species in Australian waters, and is one of the few Australian native birds in which the chicks are commercially harvested. It is a migratory species that breeds mainly on small islands in Bass Strait and Tasmania and migrates to the Northern Hemisphere for the boreal summer.

text: The short-tailed shearwater or slender-billed shearwater (Ardenna tenuirostris; formerly Puffinus tenuirostris), also called yolla or moonbird, and commonly known as the muttonbird in

text: Australia

text: , is the most abundant

text: seabird

text: species in Australian waters, and is one of the few Australian native birds in which the chicks are

text: commercially harvested

text: . It is a migratory species that breeds mainly on small islands in

text: Bass Strait

text: and

text: Tasmania

text: and migrates to the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: for the boreal summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: boreal summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the boreal summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: migrates to the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: boreal summer.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: boreal

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: boreal summer.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: boreal summer.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: boreal summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: boreal summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: boreal summer.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: boreal summer.

text: In season three's "Birthday", Cordelia learns from the demon Skip (David Denman) that her visions are slowly killing her because human beings are not strong enough to control them. To save her life, Cordelia accepts Skip's offer to alter history so that she never met Angel in L.A., instead landing her big break as an actress. However, even in this alternate timeline, Cordelia feels compelled to help others and eventually crosses paths with Angel again, who received the visions in her place and is now insane. Unable to let her friend suffer, Cordelia has Skip return the timeline to normal, and agrees to become half-demon, with new powers, in order to harbor the visions safely. This season also sees Angel become a father, with Cordelia stepping in to mother the infant Connor until he is kidnapped into a hell dimension in the episode "Sleep Tight", only to emerge as a disturbed teenager (Vincent Kartheiser) in "The Price". In the episode "Waiting in the Wings", Angel realizes he has romantic feelings for Cordelia, but is prevented from voicing them by the return of Groosalugg. Cordelia dates Groosalugg for the remainder of the season, but Groo notices she loves Angel instead and decides to leave. In the season finale, Cordelia arranges to meet Angel to confess her feelings, but is prevented from doing so by Skip, who informs her that she has become a higher being. Cordelia accepts her duty, and leaves Earth for another dimension. In season four, Cordelia feels trapped in her position as a higher being, and so in the episode "The House Always Wins" she returns to Earth in an amnesiac state. In "Spin the Bottle", her memories are returned via a spell, along with a vision of a mysterious Beast (Vladimir Kulich). Afterward, she admits to Angel the feelings she once had for him. As L.A. succumbs to the apocalypse in season four's "Apocalypse, Nowish", Cordelia begins to behave out-of-character; she seduces Connor, murders Lilah (Stephanie Romanov) in the episode "Calvary", commands the Beast in "Salvage", and magically battles former friend Willow to keep Angel from his soul in the episode "Orpheus". In season four's "Players", the team realize that the now pregnant Cordelia is possessed, so Cordelia takes the unstable Connor on the run with her so they may give birth to their supernatural offspring, Jasmine (Gina Torres). In "Inside Out", Skip explains that Jasmine is his master, and a higher being who possessed Cordelia before her returning to Earth, manipulating events to be born in a new body of her own.

text: In season three's "

text: Birthday

text: ", Cordelia learns from the demon

text: Skip

text: David Denman

text: ) that her visions are slowly killing her because human beings are not strong enough to control them. To save her life, Cordelia accepts Skip's offer to alter history so that she never met Angel in L.A., instead landing her big break as an actress. However, even in this alternate timeline, Cordelia feels compelled to help others and eventually crosses paths with Angel again, who received the visions in her place and is now insane. Unable to let her friend suffer, Cordelia has Skip return the timeline to normal, and agrees to become half-demon, with new powers, in order to harbor the visions safely. This season also sees Angel become a father, with Cordelia stepping in to mother the infant

text: Connor

text: until he is kidnapped into a hell dimension in the episode "

text: Sleep Tight

text: ", only to emerge as a disturbed teenager (

text: Vincent Kartheiser

text: ) in "

text: The Price

text: ". In the episode "

text: Waiting in the Wings

text: ", Angel realizes he has romantic feelings for Cordelia, but is prevented from voicing them by the return of Groosalugg. Cordelia dates Groosalugg for the remainder of the season, but Groo notices she loves Angel instead and decides to leave. In the season finale, Cordelia arranges to meet Angel to confess her feelings, but is prevented from doing so by Skip, who informs her that she has become a higher being. Cordelia accepts her duty, and leaves Earth for another dimension. In season four, Cordelia feels trapped in her position as a higher being, and so in the episode "

text: The House Always Wins

text: " she returns to Earth in an amnesiac state. In "

text: Spin the Bottle

text: ", her memories are returned via a spell, along with a vision of a mysterious

text: Beast

text: Vladimir Kulich

text: ). Afterward, she admits to Angel the feelings she once had for him. As L.A. succumbs to the apocalypse in season four's "

text: Apocalypse, Nowish

text: ", Cordelia begins to behave out-of-character; she seduces Connor, murders

text: Lilah

text: Stephanie Romanov

text: ) in the episode "

text: Calvary

text: ", commands the Beast in "

text: Salvage

text: ", and magically battles former friend Willow to keep Angel from his soul in the episode "

text: Orpheus

text: ". In season four's "

text: Players

text: ", the team realize that the now pregnant Cordelia is possessed, so Cordelia takes the unstable Connor on the run with her so they may give birth to their supernatural offspring,

text: Jasmine

text: Gina Torres

text: ). In "

text: Inside Out

text: ", Skip explains that Jasmine is his master, and a higher being who possessed Cordelia before her returning to Earth, manipulating events to be born in a new body of her own.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to harbor the visions safely

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The House Always Wins

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Cordelia learns from the demon Skip

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The House Always Wins

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: L.A.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: during the winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Cordelia accepts her duty, and leaves Earth for another dimension

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Cordelia learns from the demon Skip (David Denman)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: How is the Earth's axis of rotation?

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Cordelia feels compelled to help others

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Price".

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: compelled to help others

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: L.A.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: L.A.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: "The House Always Wins" she returns to Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth for another dimension.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: four,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Angel realizes he has romantic feelings for Cordelia,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: season three's

text: When waves of red solar radiation from a long-exploded star reached Earth, the android Amazo reactivated and escaped his captivity on the satellite headquarters of the Justice League of America, seeking out his creator, Professor Ivo in the hopes of being returned to his deactivated state.  With the rest of the Justice League imprisoned in another dimension by Amazo, though he makes sure they are able to watch him which they do, only Superman stands ready to defend Ivo, though he is left powerless by the red solar radiation, as he derives his power from Earth's yellow sun.

text: When waves of red solar radiation from a long-exploded star reached

text: Earth

text: , the

text: android

text: Amazo

text: reactivated and escaped his captivity on the

text: satellite

text: headquarters of the

text: Justice League of America

text: , seeking out his creator,

text: Professor Ivo

text: in the hopes of being returned to his deactivated state.  With the rest of the Justice League imprisoned in another dimension by Amazo, though he makes sure they are able to watch him which they do, only Superman stands ready to defend Ivo, though he is left powerless by the red solar radiation, as he derives his power from Earth's yellow

text: sun

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's yellow sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: yellow sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's yellow sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: waves of red solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: yellow

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: When waves of red solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: yellow sun.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: yellow sun.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Superman

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: yellow sun.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar radiation from a long-exploded star reached Earth,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: yellow sun.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Superman

text: The September equinox takes place in this month, and certain observances are organized around it. It is the Autumn equinox in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Vernal Equinox in the Southern Hemisphere. The dates can vary from 21 September to 24 September (in UTC).

text: The

text: September equinox

text: takes place in this month, and certain observances are organized around it. It is the

text: Autumn

text: equinox in the Northern Hemisphere, and the

text: Vernal Equinox

text: in the Southern Hemisphere. The dates can vary from 21 September to 24 September (in

text: UTC

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The dates can vary from 21 September to 24 September (in UTC)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The September equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: September equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The September equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Autumn equinox in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The dates can vary from 21 September to 24 September (in UTC).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: September equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The September equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The dates can vary from 21 September to 24 September (in UTC).

text: When designating cricket seasons, the convention is to use a single year for a northern hemisphere summer season, and a dashed pair of years to indicate a southern hemisphere summer. Hence, 1948 for the English summer season and 1948–49 for the Australian summer that followed some months later. In the tropics, cricket can be played all year round.In the United Kingdom, the cricket season starts mid-April and ends in September, whereas in Australia, the cricket season begins in October and ends in February or March.

text: When designating cricket seasons, the convention is to use a single year for a

text: northern hemisphere

text: summer season, and a dashed pair of years to indicate a

text: southern hemisphere

text: summer. Hence, 1948 for the English summer season and 1948–49 for the Australian summer that followed some months later. In the tropics, cricket can be played all year round.In the

text: United Kingdom

text: , the cricket season starts mid-April and ends in September, whereas in

text: Australia

text: , the cricket season begins in October and ends in February or March.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cricket can be played all year round

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the cricket season starts mid-April and ends in September

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: use a single year for a northern hemisphere summer season,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Australia, the cricket season begins in October and ends in February or March.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropics,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Australia, the cricket season begins in October and ends in February or March.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cricket can be played all year round.In

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Australia, the cricket season begins in October and ends in February or March.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September,

text: The axial tilt of Mars is 25.19 degrees relative to its orbital plane, which is similar to the axial tilt of Earth. As a result, Mars has seasons like Earth, though on Mars, they are nearly twice as long because its orbital period is that much longer. In the present day epoch, the orientation of the north pole of Mars is close to the star Deneb. Mars passed an aphelion in March 2010 and its perihelion in March 2011. The next aphelion came in February 2012 and the next perihelion came in January 2013.

text: The axial tilt of Mars is 25.19 degrees relative to its

text: orbital plane

text: , which is similar to the axial tilt of Earth. As a result, Mars has seasons like Earth, though on Mars, they are nearly twice as long because its orbital period is that much longer. In the present day epoch, the orientation of the

text: north pole

text: of Mars is close to the star

text: Deneb

text: . Mars passed an

text: aphelion

text: in March 2010 and its

text: perihelion

text: in March 2011. The next aphelion came in February 2012 and the next perihelion came in January 2013.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the orbital period is that much longer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Mars passes an aphelion

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Mars passed an aphelion in March 2010

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: its orbital period is that much longer.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mars has seasons like Earth,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: axial tilt of Mars is 25.19 degrees relative to its orbital plane,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February 2012 and the next perihelion came in January 2013.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: orientation of the north pole of Mars is close to the star Deneb.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: epoch,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The axial tilt of Mars is 25.19 degrees

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: February 2012 and the next perihelion came in January 2013.

text: Sagan and his colleagues expected that a "self-lofting" of the sooty smoke would occur when it absorbed the sun's heat radiation, with little to no scavenging occurring, whereby the black particles of soot would be heated by the sun and lifted/lofted higher and higher into the air, thereby injecting the soot into the stratosphere, a position where they argued it would take years for the sun blocking effect of this aerosol of soot to fall out of the air, and with that, catastrophic ground level cooling and agricultural effects in Asia and possibly the Northern Hemisphere as a whole. In a 1992 follow-up, Peter Hobbs and others had observed no appreciable evidence for the nuclear winter team's predicted massive "self-lofting" effect and the oil-fire smoke clouds contained less soot than the nuclear winter modelling team had assumed.

text: Sagan and his colleagues expected that a "self-lofting" of the sooty smoke would occur when it absorbed the sun's heat radiation, with little to no scavenging occurring, whereby the black particles of soot would be heated by the sun and lifted/lofted higher and higher into the air, thereby injecting the soot into the stratosphere, a position where they argued it would take years for the sun blocking effect of this aerosol of soot to fall out of the air, and with that, catastrophic ground level cooling and agricultural effects in Asia and possibly the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: as a whole. In a 1992 follow-up,

text: Peter Hobbs

text: and others had observed no appreciable evidence for the nuclear winter team's predicted massive "self-lofting" effect and the oil-fire smoke clouds contained less soot than the nuclear winter modelling team had assumed.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: nuclear winter

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: nuclear winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: sun's heat radiation,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: nuclear winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: nuclear winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Asia

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sun's heat radiation,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: little to no scavenging occurring,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: sun's heat radiation, with little to no scavenging

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Sagan and his colleagues expected that a "self-lofting"

text: The Bastille Day Flare or Bastille Day Event was a powerful solar flare on July 14, 2000, the national day of France, occurring near the peak of the solar maximum in solar cycle 23.  The X5.7-class flare originated from a sunspot known as Active region 9077, which subsequently caused an S3 radiation storm on Earth fifteen minutes later as energetic protons bombarded the ionosphere.  It was the biggest solar radiation event since 1989.  The proton event was four times more intense than any previously recorded since the launches of SOHO in 1995 and ACE in 1997.  The flare was also followed by a full-halo coronal mass ejection and a geomagnetic super storm on July 15–16. The geomagnetic storm peaked at the extreme level, G5, in the late hours of July 15.

text: The Bastille Day Flare or Bastille Day Event was a powerful

text: solar flare

text: on July 14, 2000, the

text: national day

text: of

text: France

text: , occurring near the peak of the

text: solar maximum

text: in

text: solar cycle 23

text: .  The X5.7-class flare originated from a sunspot known as Active region 9077, which subsequently caused an S3

text: radiation storm

text: on Earth fifteen minutes later as energetic

text: proton

text: s bombarded the

text: ionosphere

text: .  It was the biggest solar radiation event since 1989.  The proton event was four times more intense than any previously recorded since the launches of SOHO in 1995 and ACE in 1997.  The flare was also followed by a full-halo

text: coronal mass ejection

text: and a

text: geomagnetic super storm

text: on July 15–16. The geomagnetic storm peaked at the extreme level, G5, in the late hours of July 15.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ionosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar cycle 23.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar maximum

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 23.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Active region 9077,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ionosphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 23.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 23.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 23.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 23.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 23.

text: Bleksley was born in the Eastern Cape and attended the Outeniqua High School in George. After matriculation he studied at Stellenbosch University and graduated cum laude in 1927 and went on to obtain his M.Sc. in 1929, winning the Van der Horst Prize. In 1930 he joined the Solar Research Station run by the National Geographic Society and the Smithsonian Institution at Brukkaros, the caldera of an extinct volcano in South West Africa. American researcher William H. Hoover and his colleague Frederick Atwood Greeley, ran an observatory on the mountain from 1926 to December 1931, collecting solar radiation data so as to find a correlation with the earth’s weather. To this end detailed observations were made of the Solar Constant. High-altitude observatories were set up at various locations - Mount Montezuma in Chile, initially at Mount Harqua Hala in Arizona (later moved to Table Mountain in California) and lastly Mount Brukkaros, a site selected by Charles Greeley Abbot, and later moved to Mount St. Katherine on the Sinai peninsula. The Brukkaros observatory consisted of a 10m deep tunnel in the flank of the mountain. A solar telescope or coelostat at the mouth of the tunnel passed sunlight to a spectrograph, an Ångström compensation pyrheliometer and a bolometer further in.

text: Bleksley was born in the Eastern Cape and attended the Outeniqua High School in

text: George

text: . After matriculation he studied at

text: Stellenbosch University

text: and graduated

text: cum laude

text: in 1927 and went on to obtain his M.Sc. in 1929, winning the Van der Horst Prize. In 1930 he joined the Solar Research Station run by the

text: National Geographic Society

text: and the

text: Smithsonian Institution

text: at

text: Brukkaros

text: , the caldera of an extinct volcano in

text: South West Africa

text: . American researcher

text: William H. Hoover

text: and his colleague

text: Frederick Atwood Greeley

text: , ran an observatory on the mountain from 1926 to December 1931, collecting solar radiation data so as to find a correlation with the earth’s weather. To this end detailed observations were made of the

text: Solar Constant

text: . High-altitude observatories were set up at various locations -

text: Mount Montezuma

text: in

text: Chile

text: , initially at

text: Mount Harqua Hala

text: in

text: Arizona

text: (later moved to

text: Table Mountain

text: in

text: California

text: ) and lastly Mount Brukkaros, a site selected by

text: Charles Greeley Abbot

text: , and later moved to Mount St. Katherine on the

text: Sinai peninsula

text: . The Brukkaros observatory consisted of a 10m deep tunnel in the flank of the mountain. A solar telescope or

text: coelostat

text: at the mouth of the tunnel passed sunlight to a

text: spectrograph

text: , an

text: Ångström

text: compensation

text: pyrheliometer

text: and a

text: bolometer

text: further in.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Solar Constant

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: California

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 1931

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Solar Constant

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Solar Constant

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: weather.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Solar Constant.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: December 1931,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Brukkaros,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mount Montezuma in Chile,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 1931,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Solar Constant.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Solar Constant.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar Constant.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December 1931,

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on August 30, 1924. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on August 30, 1924. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on August 30, 1924.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: August 30, 1924.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: August 30, 1924.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on August 30, 1924.

text: Climate engineering, commonly referred to as geoengineering, also known as climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.

text: Climate engineering, commonly referred to as geoengineering, also known as climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s

text: climatic system

text: with the aim of limiting adverse

text: climate change

text: . Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures:

text: carbon dioxide removal

text: and

text: solar radiation management

text: . Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of

text: climate change

text: by removing one of the

text: greenhouse gases

text: carbon dioxide

text: ) from the

text: atmosphere

text: . Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the

text: Earth

text: to absorb less

text: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate engineering

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth absorbs less solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth’s climatic system

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar radiation management

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation management.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Climate engineering,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: less solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth to absorb less solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Climate engineering,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Climate engineering,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Climate engineering,

text: On 1 April 2006, during the penultimate round of the 2005-06 A1 Grand Prix season in Shanghai, a fake timetable of the 2006-2007 season was published. This schedule included a night time race in Lapland, an A1GP USA race in Baghdad, a race in Middle-earth at 'The Ring', a Venice Street Race as well as a Tibetan hill climb. In addition, it outlined special regulations, such as requiring only the Cornettos be catered for the Venice race, that "cars will arrive flatpacked for the Ikea Cup race in Narnia, so extra time will be required for their assembly", and that for the hill climb, half the cars will start from the top, and half will start from the bottom. A race in South Los Angeles was to have drive-by penalties.

text: On 1 April 2006, during the penultimate round of the

text: 2005-06 A1 Grand Prix season

text: in

text: Shanghai

text: , a fake timetable of the 2006-2007 season was published. This schedule included a night time race in

text: Lapland

text: , an A1GP USA race in

text: Baghdad

text: , a race in

text: Middle-earth

text: at 'The Ring', a

text: Venice

text: Street Race as well as a

text: Tibet

text: an

text: hill climb

text: . In addition, it outlined special regulations, such as requiring only the

text: Cornetto

text: s be catered for the Venice race, that "cars will arrive flatpacked for the

text: Ikea

text: Cup race in

text: Narnia

text: , so extra time will be required for their assembly", and that for the hill climb, half the cars will start from the top, and half will start from the bottom. A race in

text: South Los Angeles

text: was to have drive-by penalties.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: special regulations

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: night time

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Tibetan hill climb

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: night time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: requiring only the Cornettos be catered for the Venice race,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: night time

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: night time race in Lapland,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Lapland,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: South Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: night time race in Lapland,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: night time race in Lapland,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1 April 2006,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: On 1 April 2006,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1 April 2006,

text: Scientifically, currently in the Northern Hemisphere, winter solstice occurs between 21 and 22 December. Day light will begin to increase on 22 December and on this day, the Sun will begin its northward journey which marks Uttarayaan. The date of winter solstice changes gradually due to the Axial precession of the Earth, coming earlier by approximately 1 day in every 70 years. Hence, if the Maghe Sankranti at some point of time did mark the day after the actual date of winter solstice, a date in mid-January would correspond to around 300CE, the heyday of English mathematics and astronomy.

text: Scientifically, currently in the Northern Hemisphere,

text: winter solstice

text: occurs between 21 and 22 December. Day light will begin to increase on 22 December and on this day, the Sun will begin its northward journey which marks Uttarayaan. The date of winter solstice changes gradually due to the

text: Axial precession of the Earth

text: , coming earlier by approximately 1 day in every 70 years. Hence, if the Maghe Sankranti at some point of time did mark the day after the actual date of winter solstice, a date in mid-January would correspond to around 300CE, the heyday of English mathematics and astronomy.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Axial precession of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: between 21 and 22 December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: date in mid-January would correspond to around 300CE

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Axial precession of the Earth,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: between 21 and 22 December.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter solstice occurs between 21 and 22 December.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter solstice occurs between 21 and 22 December.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter solstice occurs between 21 and 22 December.

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on May 9, 1967. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on May 9, 1967. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on May 9, 1967.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: May 9, 1967.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: May 9, 1967.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: May 9, 1967.

text: As a result of their warming effects when relatively thin, cirrus clouds have been implicated as a potential partial cause of global warming. Scientists have speculated that global warming could cause high thin cloud cover to increase, thereby increasing temperatures and humidity. This, in turn, would increase the cirrus cloud cover, effectively creating a positive feedback circuit. A prediction of this hypothesis is that the cirrus would move higher as the temperatures rose, increasing the volume of air underneath the clouds and the amount of infrared radiation reflected back down to earth. In addition, the hypothesis suggests that the increase in temperature would tend to increase the size of the ice crystals in the cirrus cloud, possibly causing the reflection of solar radiation and the reflection of the Earth's infrared radiation to balance out.

text: As a result of their warming effects when relatively thin, cirrus clouds have been implicated as a potential partial cause of

text: global warming

text: . Scientists have speculated that global warming could cause high thin cloud cover to increase, thereby increasing temperatures and humidity. This, in turn, would increase the cirrus cloud cover, effectively creating a

text: positive feedback

text: circuit. A prediction of this hypothesis is that the cirrus would move higher as the temperatures rose, increasing the volume of air underneath the clouds and the amount of infrared radiation reflected back down to earth. In addition, the hypothesis suggests that the increase in temperature would tend to increase the size of the ice crystals in the cirrus cloud, possibly causing the reflection of solar radiation and the reflection of the Earth's infrared radiation to balance out.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: infrared

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: night

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: warming effects when relatively thin, cirrus clouds

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: As a result of their warming effects

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth's infrared radiation to balance out.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's infrared radiation

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: infrared radiation reflected back down to earth.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cirrus would move higher

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: out.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: global warming.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: global warming.

text: Mars has an axial tilt of 25.19°, quite close to the value of 23.44° for Earth, and thus Mars has seasons of spring, summer, autumn, winter as Earth does. As on Earth, the southern and northern hemispheres have summer and winter at opposing times.

text: Mars has an

text: axial tilt

text: of 25.19°, quite close to the value of 23.44° for

text: Earth

text: , and thus Mars has seasons of spring, summer, autumn, winter as Earth does. As on Earth, the southern and northern hemispheres have summer and winter at opposing times.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mars has an axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Mars has seasons of spring, summer, autumn, winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasons of spring, summer, autumn, winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mars has an axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer and winter at opposing times.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mars has seasons of spring, summer, autumn, winter as Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern and northern hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: opposing times.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer and winter at opposing times.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 23.44°

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer and winter at opposing times.

text: Approximately 10-15 times per decade, the Sun emits particles of sufficient energy and intensity to raise radiation levels on Earth's surface. The largest of these events, termed a "ground level enhancement" (GLE) was observed on February 23, 1956. The most recent GLE occurred on May 17, 2016 as a result of a M-class flare on active solar region 11476.

text: Approximately 10-15 times per decade, the Sun emits particles of sufficient energy and intensity to raise radiation levels on Earth's surface. The largest of these events, termed a "ground level enhancement" (GLE) was observed on February 23, 1956. The most recent GLE occurred on May 17, 2016 as a result of a M-class flare on active solar region 11476.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun emits particles of sufficient energy and intensity to raise radiation levels

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February 23, 1956

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun emits particles of sufficient energy and intensity to raise radiation levels

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "ground level enhancement"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Approximately 10-15 times per decade,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 11476.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: "ground level

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February 23, 1956.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Approximately 10-15 times per decade,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 10-15 times per decade,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Approximately 10-15 times per decade,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: February 23, 1956.

text: Agriculturally based people historically divide the year into four seasons. These included the two solstices and the two equinoxes, which could be thought of as the four "directional pillars" that support the year. These four times of the year were, and still are, important as they indicate seasonal changes that directly impact the lives of Mesoamerican agriculturalists.

text: Agriculturally based people historically divide the year into four seasons. These included the two

text: solstices

text: and the two

text: equinoxes

text: , which could be thought of as the four "directional pillars" that support the year. These four times of the year were, and still are, important as they indicate seasonal changes that directly impact the lives of Mesoamerican agriculturalists.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: agriculturalists

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: four "directional pillars" that support the year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal changes that directly impact the lives of Mesoamerican agriculturalists.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: solstices and the two equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: two solstices and the two equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: "directional pillars" that support the year.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: two solstices and the two equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: two equinoxes,

text: The following 1957 football season saw James win his second Most Outstanding Canadian award on November 29, play in the CFL's 1957 Grey Cup Championship the afternoon of November 30 in Toronto, and that same night play his first game of the 1957–58 NHL season with the Maple Leafs.

text: The following

text: 1957 football season

text: saw James win his second

text: Most Outstanding Canadian

text: award on November 29, play in the CFL's

text: 1957 Grey Cup Championship

text: the afternoon of November 30 in Toronto, and that same night play his first game of the

text: 1957–58 NHL season

text: with the Maple Leafs.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: win his second Most Outstanding Canadian award

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: James win his second Most Outstanding Canadian award

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Grey Cup Championship

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: November 29,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Toronto,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Toronto,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 29,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: November 30

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: afternoon of November 30

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1957–58 NHL season with the Maple Leafs.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November 29,

text: The surface of the upper receiver measures the direct solar radiation plus the diffuse one and the radiation at longer wavelengths emitted from the sky (clouds), while the lower receiving area measures the solar radiation reflected from the ground (albedo) and the radiation length wavelengths emitted from the earth. The instrument is designed and constructed to be used outdoors in any weatherconditions. Besides its use in meteorology to measure energy balance, it can be used indoors for the measurement of radiant temperature (ISO 7726).

text: The surface of the upper receiver measures the direct solar radiation plus the diffuse one and the radiation at longer wavelengths emitted from the sky (clouds), while the lower receiving area measures the solar radiation reflected from the ground (albedo) and the radiation length wavelengths emitted from the earth. The instrument is designed and constructed to be used outdoors in any weatherconditions. Besides its use in meteorology to measure energy balance, it can be used indoors for the measurement of radiant temperature (ISO 7726).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: albedo

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it can be used indoors for the measurement of radiant temperature

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: energy balance

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (albedo)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The surface of the upper receiver measures the direct solar radiation plus the diffuse one

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (albedo)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (albedo)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation plus the diffuse one and the radiation at longer wavelengths

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: outdoors in any weatherconditions.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: energy balance,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The surface of the upper receiver measures the direct solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: temperature

text: In the Northern Hemisphere, the Summer solstice sometimes occurs on this date, while the Winter solstice occurs in the Southern Hemisphere.

text: In the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , the

text: Summer solstice

text: sometimes occurs on this date, while the

text: Winter solstice

text: occurs in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: the summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 21st

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Summer solstice sometimes occurs on this date

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Winter solstice occurs in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: the Summer solstice

text: Each season, or book, of Avatar: The Last Airbender is named after one of the classical elements: water, earth, and fire respectively. The first season of the Legend of Korra corresponds to the final element, air.

text: Each season, or book, of Avatar: The Last Airbender is named after one of the classical elements: water, earth, and fire respectively. The first season of the Legend of Korra corresponds to the final element, air.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: named after one of the classical elements

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: named after one of the classical elements:

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: fire

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: water, earth, and fire

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: fire

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: air.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: air.

text: These "astronomical" seasons are not of equal length, because of the elliptical nature of the orbit of the Earth, as discovered by Johannes Kepler.  From the March equinox it currently takes 92.75 days until the June solstice, then 93.65 days until the September equinox, 89.85 days until the December solstice and finally 88.99 days until the March equinox.

text: These "astronomical" seasons are not of equal length, because of the

text: elliptical nature

text: of the orbit of the Earth, as discovered by

text: Johannes Kepler

text: .  From the March equinox it currently takes 92.75 days until the June solstice, then 93.65 days until the September equinox, 89.85 days until the December solstice and finally 88.99 days until the March equinox.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: because of the elliptical nature

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: June solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 89.85 days

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: elliptical nature of the orbit of the Earth,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: June solstice,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: These "astronomical" seasons are not of equal length,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 93.65 days until the September equinox,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 89.85

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 92.75 days until the June solstice,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: These "astronomical" seasons are not of equal length,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September equinox,

text: Solar energy systems convert solar radiation incident on the earth into thermal, electrical or chemical energy. In order to better transmit, reflect, absorb, filter, redirect or concentrate the incoming radiation, Fraunhofer ISE develops optical components and systems. This business area serves as an interdisciplinary field and serves many areas of solar technology: windows and facades, solar thermal collectors, concentrator systems for photovoltaics and solar power plants as well as photovoltaic module technology.

text: Solar energy systems convert solar radiation incident on the earth into thermal, electrical or chemical energy. In order to better transmit, reflect, absorb, filter, redirect or concentrate the incoming radiation, Fraunhofer ISE develops optical components and systems. This business area serves as an interdisciplinary field and serves many areas of solar technology: windows and facades, solar thermal collectors, concentrator systems for photovoltaics and solar power plants as well as photovoltaic module technology.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar energy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solar thermal

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar thermal collectors

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth rotates on its axis

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar energy systems convert solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: concentrate the incoming radiation,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar energy systems

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: windows and facades,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation incident on the earth into thermal, electrical or chemical energy.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Solar energy systems convert solar radiation incident on the earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar radiation incident on the earth into thermal, electrical or chemical energy.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar energy systems

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Solar energy systems

text: Life in National Division Two lasted only two seasons. The 2003–04 season saw the Nuns lose five of their first eight league games. However, they suffered only three more reversals in their remaining matches and ultimately finished third, narrowly missing out on promotion. Nuns then came back down to earth when they were relegated back into National Division Three North at the end of the 2004–05 season. Early season form was very much to blame picking up only one win and a draw from 13 fixtures, leaving them firmly rooted at the bottom of the league at the turn of the year. Things did start going Nuns way in the second half of the season finishing third bottom, but still one point from safety. The Club retained many of its players for the 2005–06 season and recruited well, which was reflected in the season’s results, when the team remained unbeaten in the league until mid February. Four losses in the remaining part of the season, two to the eventual league winners Bradford & Bingley, saw the Nuns finish as runners up. Promotion back to National Division Two was achieved following a 15–6 play off victory over North Walsham in mid May. However The Nuns only lasted two seasons in National Two again. The 2006–07 season saw the Nuns appoint Paul Westgate as Director of Rugby and they managed to stay in the league after finishing in 11th place. At the end of the season Paul Westgate resigned and was replaced by former Samoa international and Rotherham coach Mike Umaga, Umaga struggled to keep a side he had inherited up and Nuneaton were relegated to National Three North.

text: Mike Umaga

text: , Umaga struggled to keep a side he had inherited up and Nuneaton were relegated to National Three North.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Early season form was very much to blame

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in mid May

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: when is the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Early season form

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: May.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: February.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: National Division Three North

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: National Division Three North

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Life in National Division Two lasted only two seasons.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: February.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Umaga struggled to keep a side he had inherited up

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: February.

text: Astronomical timing as the basis for designating the temperate seasons dates back at least to the Julian calendar used by the ancient Romans.  It continues to be used on many modern Gregorian calendars world-wide, although some countries like Australia, New Zealand, and Russia prefer to use meteorological reckoning. The precise timing of the seasons is determined by the exact times of transit of the sun over the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn for the solstices and the times of the sun's transit over the equator for the equinoxes, or a traditional date close to these times.

text: Astronomical timing as the basis for designating the temperate seasons dates back at least to the Julian calendar used by the ancient Romans.  It continues to be used on many modern Gregorian calendars world-wide, although some countries like Australia, New Zealand, and Russia prefer to use meteorological reckoning. The precise timing of the seasons is determined by the exact times of transit of the sun over the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn for the solstices and the times of the sun's transit over the equator for the

text: equinox

text: es, or a traditional date close to these times.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Astronomical timing as the basis for designating the temperate seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the sun's transit over the equator

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: times of the sun's transit over the equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the exact times of transit of the sun over the tropics

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: transit of the sun over the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the times of the sun's transit over the equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Astronomical timing

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: equinoxes,

text: The climate of a region depends on a number of factors, especially latitude. A latitudinal band of the surface with similar climatic attributes forms a climate region. There are a number of such regions, ranging from the tropical climate at the equator to the polar climate in the northern and southern extremes. Weather is also influenced by the seasons, which result from the Earth's axis being tilted relative to its orbital plane. Thus, at any given time during the summer or winter, one part of the Earth is more directly exposed to the rays of the sun. This exposure alternates as the Earth revolves in its orbit. At any given time, regardless of season, the northern and southern hemispheres experience opposite seasons.

text: The climate of a region depends on a number of factors, especially

text: latitude

text: . A latitudinal band of the surface with similar climatic attributes forms a climate region. There are a number of such regions, ranging from the

text: tropical climate

text: at the equator to the

text: polar climate

text: in the northern and southern extremes. Weather is also influenced by the seasons, which result from the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: axis

text: being

text: tilted

text: relative to its

text: orbital plane

text: . Thus, at any given time during the summer or winter, one part of the Earth is more directly exposed to the rays of the

text: sun

text: . This exposure alternates as the Earth revolves in its orbit. At any given time, regardless of season, the

text: northern

text: and

text: southern

text: hemispheres experience opposite seasons.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's axis being tilted relative to its orbital plane

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar climate

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the northern and southern hemispheres experience opposite seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the northern and southern hemispheres experience opposite seasons.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: axis being tilted relative to its orbital plane.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: polar climate

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: opposite seasons.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical climate at the equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar climate in the northern and southern extremes.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: one part of the Earth is more directly exposed to the rays

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: tropical climate

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer or winter,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: tilted relative to its orbital plane.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: opposite seasons.

text: While some of the energetic beta particles followed the Earth's magnetic field and illuminated the sky, other high-energy electrons became trapped and formed radiation belts around the earth. There was much uncertainty and debate about the composition, magnitude and potential adverse effects from this trapped radiation after the detonation. The weaponeers became quite worried when three satellites in low Earth orbit were disabled, although Brown et al. seem to be skeptical that electrons caused the damage. The half-life of the energetic electrons was only a few days. At the time it was not known that solar and cosmic particle fluxes varied by a factor 10, and energies could exceed 1 MeV. These man-made radiation belts eventually crippled one-third of all satellites in low Earth orbit. Seven satellites failed over the months following the test, as radiation damaged their solar arrays or electronics, including the first commercial relay communication satellite, Telstar, as well as the United Kingdom's first satellite, Ariel 1. Detectors on Telstar, TRAAC, Injun, and Ariel 1 were used to measure distribution of the radiation produced by the tests.

text: While some of the energetic

text: beta particle

text: s followed the Earth's magnetic field and illuminated the sky, other high-energy electrons became trapped and formed

text: radiation belt

text: s around the earth. There was much uncertainty and debate about the composition, magnitude and potential adverse effects from this trapped radiation after the detonation. The weaponeers became quite worried when three satellites in

text: low Earth orbit

text: were disabled, although Brown et al. seem to be skeptical that electrons caused the damage. The half-life of the energetic electrons was only a few days. At the time it was not known that solar and cosmic particle fluxes varied by a factor 10, and energies could exceed 1 MeV. These man-made radiation belts eventually crippled one-third of all satellites in low Earth orbit. Seven satellites failed over the months following the test, as radiation

text: damaged

text: their

text: solar array

text: s or electronics, including the first commercial relay

text: communication satellite

text: Telstar

text: , as well as the United Kingdom's first satellite,

text: Ariel 1

text: . Detectors on Telstar,

text: TRAAC

text: Injun

text: , and

text: Ariel 1

text: were used to measure distribution of the radiation produced by the tests.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: low Earth orbit

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: half-life

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: radiation damaged their solar arrays or electronics,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: beta

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: While some of the energetic beta particles followed the Earth's magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: solar and cosmic particle fluxes varied by a factor 10,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: low Earth orbit.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: beta particles followed the Earth's magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: some of the energetic beta particles followed the Earth's magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 10,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth's magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: While some of the energetic beta particles followed the Earth's magnetic field

text: Smirnoff appeared on the thirteenth season of Dancing with the Stars, where she was partnered with All My Children actor J. R. Martinez. Smirnoff and Martinez ended up winning the competition against Rob Kardashian and his partner Cheryl Burke & Ricki Lake and her partner Derek Hough. This was the first time Smirnoff had advanced to the finals since her inaugural season in season 3 with Mario López. For the fourteenth season of Dancing With The Stars, Karina was partnered with singer Gavin DeGraw. They were eliminated in week 5. For the fifteenth season, she was partnered with season four winner, Apolo Anton Ohno and ended up placing 5th. For the sixteenth season, she is partnered with NFL star Jacoby Jones. Smirnoff became injured when she was performing a flip with partner Jones during rehearsals for their week 9 Lindy hop. The couple was able to reach finals but came in third place losing to Zendaya and Kellie Pickler who took second and first place respectively. For season 17 she was partnered with former High School Musical actor Corbin Bleu and landed in second place behind Amber Riley and Derek Hough. For season 18, she was partnered with former NHL player Sean Avery. They were the second couple eliminated in a double elimination on Week 2. This marked Smirnoff's earliest exit of the competition. For season 19 she was paired with UFC fighter and actor Randy Couture. They were eliminated in week 3, finishing in 11th place. After taking a one season break, Smirnoff returned for season 21 and was paired with professional jockey, Victor Espinoza. The couple was eliminated on Week 2 and finished in 12th place. For season 22, she was partnered with former NFL quarterback Doug Flutie. They were eliminated on week 6 of competition and finished in 9th place.

text: Smirnoff appeared on the

text: thirteenth season

text: of Dancing with the Stars, where she was partnered with

text: All My Children

text: actor

text: J. R. Martinez

text: . Smirnoff and Martinez ended up winning the competition against

text: Rob Kardashian

text: and his partner

text: Cheryl Burke

text: Ricki Lake

text: and her partner

text: Derek Hough

text: . This was the first time Smirnoff had advanced to the finals since her inaugural season in

text: season 3

text: with Mario López. For the

text: fourteenth season

text: of Dancing With The Stars, Karina was partnered with singer

text: Gavin DeGraw

text: . They were eliminated in week 5. For the

text: fifteenth season

text: , she was partnered with season four winner,

text: Apolo Anton Ohno

text: and ended up placing 5th. For the

text: sixteenth season

text: , she is partnered with

text: NFL

text: star

text: Jacoby Jones

text: . Smirnoff became injured when she was performing a flip with partner Jones during rehearsals for their week 9 Lindy hop. The couple was able to reach finals but came in third place losing to

text: Zendaya

text: and

text: Kellie Pickler

text: who took second and first place respectively. For

text: season 17

text: she was partnered with former

text: High School Musical

text: actor

text: Corbin Bleu

text: and landed in second place behind

text: Amber Riley

text: and

text: Derek Hough

text: . For

text: season 18

text: , she was partnered with former

text: NHL

text: player

text: Sean Avery

text: . They were the second couple eliminated in a double elimination on Week 2. This marked Smirnoff's earliest exit of the competition. For

text: season 19

text: she was paired with

text: UFC

text: fighter and actor

text: Randy Couture

text: . They were eliminated in week 3, finishing in 11th place. After taking a one season break, Smirnoff returned for

text: season 21

text: and was paired with professional jockey,

text: Victor Espinoza

text: . The couple was eliminated on Week 2 and finished in 12th place. For

text: season 22

text: , she was partnered with former

text: NFL

text: quarterback

text: Doug Flutie

text: . They were eliminated on week 6 of competition and finished in 9th place.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Smirnoff had advanced to the finals since her inaugural season in season 3 with Mario López

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: taking a one season break,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: second place

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 18,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 18,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 12th place. For season 22,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Victor Espinoza.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: second place behind Amber Riley and Derek Hough.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 18,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Smirnoff

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: professional jockey

text: Contrails, by affecting the Earth's radiation balance, act as a radiative forcing. Studies have found that contrails trap outgoing longwave radiation emitted by the Earth and atmosphere (positive radiative forcing) at a greater rate than they reflect incoming solar radiation (negative radiative forcing). NASA conducted a great deal of detailed research on atmospheric and climatological effects of contrails, including effects on ozone, ice crystal formation, and particle composition, during the Atmospheric Effects of Aviation Project (AEAP).  Global radiative forcing has been calculated from the reanalysis data, climatological models and radiative transfer codes. It is estimated to amount to 0.012 W/m (watts per square meter) for 2005, with an uncertainty range of 0.005 to 0.026 W/m, and with a low level of scientific understanding. Therefore, the overall net effect of contrails is positive, i.e. a warming effect. However, the effect varies daily and annually, and overall the magnitude of the forcing is not well known: globally (for 1992 air traffic conditions), values range from 3.5 mW/m to 17 mW/m. Other studies have determined that night flights are mostly responsible for the warming effect: while accounting for only 25% of daily air traffic, they contribute 60 to 80% of contrail radiative forcing. Similarly, winter flights account for only 22% of annual air traffic, but contribute half of the annual mean radiative forcing.

text: Contrails, by affecting the

text: Earth's radiation balance

text: , act as a

text: radiative forcing

text: . Studies have found that contrails trap

text: outgoing longwave radiation

text: emitted by the Earth and atmosphere (positive radiative forcing) at a greater rate than they reflect incoming

text: solar radiation

text: (negative radiative forcing).

text: NASA

text: conducted a great deal of detailed research on atmospheric and climatological effects of contrails, including effects on ozone, ice crystal formation, and particle composition, during the Atmospheric Effects of Aviation Project (AEAP).  Global radiative forcing has been calculated from the reanalysis data, climatological models and radiative transfer codes. It is estimated to amount to 0.012 W/m (watts per square meter) for 2005, with an uncertainty range of 0.005 to 0.026 W/m, and with a low level of scientific understanding. Therefore, the overall net effect of contrails is positive, i.e. a warming effect. However, the effect varies daily and annually, and overall the magnitude of the forcing is not well known: globally (for 1992 air traffic conditions), values range from 3.5 mW/m to 17 mW/m. Other studies have determined that night flights are mostly responsible for the warming effect: while accounting for only 25% of daily air traffic, they contribute 60 to 80% of contrail radiative forcing. Similarly, winter flights account for only 22% of annual air traffic, but contribute half of the annual mean radiative forcing.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: night flights are mostly responsible

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 22% of annual air traffic

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the effect varies daily and annually

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter flights

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (negative radiative forcing).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: winter flights

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: winter flights

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter flights account for only 22% of annual air traffic,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter flights account for only 22% of annual air traffic,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter flights account for only 22% of annual air traffic,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter

text: In producing the third season, particularly following the second episode "Firewall", Kindler made Will instrumental to the discovery of Hollow Earth following his brief death in the season premiere. In the same season, the producers decided to include a new love interest for Will that would not be killed off. A Will centric-episode in the second half of the season, "Metamorphosis", was largely filmed from Will's point of view. To complete this effect, Dunne wore a helmet camera. In the season's finale, Will fights with the abnormal Thelo (played by former WWE wrestler Edge). Dunne recalled spending a day filming the fight scene; "I had an entire day of just having the crap beaten out of me by him. And after every take, and you've got this big imposing guy on camera ... he's like throwing me around and punching me and clotheslining me and all kinds of stuff. And then [creator] Damien [Kindler], who was directing that episode, would call 'Cut!,' and then he'd come over and be like, 'Oh, man. I'm sorry.'"

text: In producing the third season, particularly following the second episode "

text: Firewall

text: ", Kindler made Will instrumental to the discovery of Hollow Earth following his brief death in the season premiere. In the same season, the producers decided to include a new love interest for Will that would not be killed off. A Will centric-episode in the second half of the season, "Metamorphosis", was largely filmed from Will's point of view. To complete this effect, Dunne wore a

text: helmet camera

text: . In the season's finale, Will fights with the abnormal Thelo (played by former WWE wrestler

text: Edge

text: ). Dunne recalled spending a day filming the fight scene; "I had an entire day of just having the crap beaten out of me by him. And after every take, and you've got this big imposing guy on camera ... he's like throwing me around and punching me and clotheslining me and all kinds of stuff. And then [creator] Damien [Kindler], who was directing that episode, would call 'Cut!,' and then he'd come over and be like, 'Oh, man. I'm sorry.'"

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: producers decided to include a new love interest for Will that would not be killed off

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Hollow Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Will fights with the abnormal Thelo

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Kindler made Will instrumental to the discovery of Hollow Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Hollow Earth

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: In producing the third season,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Hollow Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Hollow Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Hollow Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Will that would not be killed off.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Hollow Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Hollow Earth

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: third season,

text: After having acted in the 1958 television series Ivanhoe and the 1960 series Maigret, Martin was asked to join the production team working on yet to be released series Doctor Who by caretaker producer Rex Tucker.  He worked on Doctor Who during its first two seasons, from 1963 to 1965.  Martin directed part of the second story of the inaugural season of Doctor Who, The Daleks, in which the titular villains were first introduced.  During the making of The Daleks Martin pushed producer Verity Lambert to approach the story in a less conservative manner.  Martin also directed two additional stories featuring the Daleks for the second season of Doctor Who, The Dalek Invasion of Earth and The Chase.

text: After having acted in the 1958 television series Ivanhoe and the 1960 series

text: Maigret

text: , Martin was asked to join the production team working on yet to be released series Doctor Who by caretaker producer

text: Rex Tucker

text: .  He worked on Doctor Who during its first two seasons, from 1963 to 1965.  Martin directed part of the second story of the inaugural season of Doctor Who,

text: The Daleks

text: , in which the

text: titular villains

text: were first introduced.  During the making of The Daleks Martin pushed producer

text: Verity Lambert

text: to approach the story in a less conservative manner.  Martin also directed two additional stories featuring the Daleks for the second season of Doctor Who,

text: The Dalek Invasion of Earth

text: and

text: The Chase

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the titular villains were first introduced

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the titular villains were first introduced.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1965.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1963 to 1965.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1958 television series Ivanhoe

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 1963 to 1965.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1963 to 1965.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 1958 television series Ivanhoe

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1965.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Doctor Who during its first two seasons, from 1963 to 1965.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1963 to 1965.

text: Low-pressure systems, also known as cyclones, are located in minima in the pressure field.  Rotation is inward and counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere as opposed to inward and clockwise in the southern hemisphere due to the Coriolis force. Weather is normally unsettled in the vicinity of a cyclone, with increased cloudiness, increased winds, increased temperatures, and upward motion in the atmosphere, which leads to an increased chance of precipitation. Polar lows can form over relatively mild ocean waters when cold air sweeps in from the ice cap, leading to upward motion and convection, usually in the form of snow. Tropical cyclones and winter storms are intense varieties of low pressure. Over land, thermal lows are indicative of hot weather during the summer.

text: Low-pressure systems, also known as

text: cyclone

text: s, are located in minima in the pressure field.  Rotation is inward and counterclockwise in the

text: northern hemisphere

text: as opposed to inward and clockwise in the

text: southern hemisphere

text: due to the

text: Coriolis force

text: . Weather is normally unsettled in the vicinity of a cyclone, with increased cloudiness, increased winds, increased temperatures, and upward motion in the atmosphere, which leads to an increased chance of precipitation.

text: Polar low

text: s can form over relatively mild ocean waters when cold air sweeps in from the ice cap, leading to upward motion and convection, usually in the form of snow. Tropical cyclones and winter storms are intense varieties of low pressure. Over land,

text: thermal low

text: s are indicative of hot weather during the summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Coriolis force

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Polar lows can form over relatively mild ocean waters

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: rotation is inward and counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere as opposed to inward and clockwise in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: clockwise

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Coriolis force.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Polar lows

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: thermal lows

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Polar lows can form over relatively mild ocean waters

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: thermal lows are indicative of hot weather during the summer.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Rotation is inward and counterclockwise

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: inward and counterclockwise

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer.

text: The amount of heat energy received at any location on the globe is a direct effect of Sun angle on climate, as the angle at which sunlight strikes the Earth varies by location, time of day, and season due to the Earth's orbit around the Sun and the Earth's rotation around its tilted axis. Seasonal change in the angle of sunlight, caused by the tilt of the Earth's axis, is the basic mechanism that results in warmer weather in summer than in winter. Change in day length is another factor. (See also season.)

text: The amount of

text: heat energy

text: received at any location on the globe is a direct effect of Sun angle on climate, as the

text: angle

text: at which

text: sunlight

text: strikes the

text: Earth

text: varies by location, time of day, and

text: season

text: due to the

text: Earth's orbit

text: around the

text: Sun

text: and the

text: Earth's rotation

text: around its tilted axis. Seasonal change in the angle of sunlight, caused by the tilt of the Earth's

text: axis

text: , is the basic mechanism that results in warmer weather in summer than in winter. Change in

text: day length

text: is another factor. (See also

text: season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's orbit around the Sun and the Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: colder

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: change in day length is another factor

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: day length

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the tilt of the Earth's axis,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: warmer weather in summer than in winter.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: warmer weather in summer than in winter. Change in day length

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: warmer weather

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Change in day length

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: day length

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: tilted axis.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer than in winter.

text: An extension of the "passive solar" approach to seasonal solar capture and storage of heat and cooling. These designs attempt to capture warm-season solar heat, and convey it to a seasonal thermal store for use months later during the cold season ("annualised passive solar.")  Increased storage is achieved by employing large amounts of thermal mass or earth coupling. Anecdotal reports suggest they can be effective but no formal study has been conducted to demonstrate their superiority. The approach also can move cooling into the warm season. Examples:

text: An extension of the "passive solar" approach to seasonal solar capture and storage of heat and cooling. These designs attempt to capture warm-season solar heat, and convey it to a

text: seasonal thermal store

text: for use months later during the cold season ("annualised passive solar.")  Increased storage is achieved by employing large amounts of thermal mass or

text: earth coupling

text: . Anecdotal reports suggest they can be effective but no formal study has been conducted to demonstrate their superiority. The approach also can move cooling into the warm season. Examples:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: during the cold season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: warm-season

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the cold season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: no formal study has been conducted to demonstrate their superiority.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: ("annualised passive solar.")

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: warm-season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: warm-season

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: thermal mass

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: months later during the cold season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: warm-season solar heat,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: cold season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: earth coupling.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: cold season

text: A partial solar eclipse will occur on July 12, 2094. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: will occur on July 12, 2094. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse will occur on July 12, 2094.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: July 12, 2094.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: July 12, 2094.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: A partial solar eclipse will occur on July 12, 2094.

text: An alternate interpretation advanced by David Ulansey is that Cautes represents the spring equinox and Cautopates the autumn equinox. Thus, represented on the left and right of the Tauroctony, they become a realistic cadre of the celestial equator and the constellations included between the two equinoxes during the Age of Taurus.

text: An alternate interpretation advanced by David Ulansey is that Cautes represents the spring

text: equinox

text: and Cautopates the autumn

text: equinox

text: . Thus, represented on the left and right of the Tauroctony, they become a realistic cadre of the celestial equator and the constellations included between the two

text: equinoxes

text: during the

text: Age of Taurus

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Cautopates

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Cautopates the autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Cautopates the autumn equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox and Cautopates the autumn equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: spring equinox and Cautopates the autumn equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn equinox.

text: On December 9, 1969, Etcheverry was hired to coach the Alouettes. In his first season, he led the Als to victory in the 58th Grey Cup championship game. He resigned at the end of the 1972 CFL season. His overall record is 14–24–1.

text: On December 9, 1969, Etcheverry was hired to coach the Alouettes. In his first season, he led the Als to victory in the

text: 58th Grey Cup championship game

text: . He resigned at the end of the

text: 1972 CFL season

text: . His overall record is 14–24–1.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: victory in the 58th Grey Cup championship game

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 9

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: he led the Als to victory in the 58th Grey Cup championship game.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 14–24–1.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 14–24–1.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 14–24–1.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 14–24–1.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 9, 1969,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: December 9, 1969,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December 9, 1969,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 14–24–1.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December 9,

text: The seriousness of the spring equinox drift is widely discounted on the grounds that Passover will remain in the spring season for many millennia, and the text of the Torah is generally not interpreted as having specified tight calendrical limits. Of course, the Hebrew calendar also drifts with respect to the autumn equinox, and at least part of the harvest festival of Sukkot is already more than a month after the equinox in years 1, 9, and 12 of each 19-year cycle; beginning in AM 5818 (2057 CE), this will also be the case in year 4. (These are the same year numbers as were mentioned for the spring season in the previous paragraph, except that they get incremented at Rosh Hashanah.) This progressively increases the probability that Sukkot will be cold and wet, making it uncomfortable or impractical to dwell in the traditional succah during Sukkot. The first winter seasonal prayer for rain is not recited until Shemini Atzeret, after the end of Sukkot, yet it is becoming increasingly likely that the rainy season in Israel will start before the end of Sukkot.

text: The seriousness of the spring equinox drift is widely discounted on the grounds that Passover will remain in the spring season for many millennia, and the text of the Torah is generally not interpreted as having specified tight calendrical limits. Of course, the Hebrew calendar also drifts with respect to the autumn equinox, and at least part of the harvest festival of Sukkot is already more than a month after the equinox in years 1, 9, and 12 of each 19-year cycle; beginning in AM 5818 (2057 CE), this will also be the case in year 4. (These are the same year numbers as were mentioned for the spring season in the previous paragraph, except that they get incremented at Rosh Hashanah.) This progressively increases the probability that Sukkot will be cold and wet, making it uncomfortable or impractical to dwell in the traditional succah during Sukkot. The first winter seasonal prayer for rain is not recited until Shemini Atzeret, after the end of Sukkot, yet it is becoming increasingly likely that the rainy season in Israel will start before the end of Sukkot.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the text of the Torah is generally not interpreted as having specified tight calendrical limits

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The first winter seasonal prayer for rain is not recited until Shemini Atzeret

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Hebrew calendar also drifts with respect to the autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: tight calendrical limits.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn equinox,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Israel

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 19-year cycle;

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Shemini Atzeret,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Hebrew calendar also drifts with respect to the autumn equinox,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: autumn equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Shemini Atzeret,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn equinox,

text: It is frequently the day of the autumnal equinox in the Northern Hemisphere and the day of the vernal equinox in the Southern Hemisphere.

text: It is frequently the day of the

text: autumn

text: al

text: equinox

text: in the Northern Hemisphere and the day of the

text: vernal

text: equinox in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: day of the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the day of the autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: autumnal equinox in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: vernal equinox in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: vernal equinox in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox in the Southern Hemisphere.

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on July 19, 1917. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on July 19, 1917. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on July 19, 1917.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: July 19, 1917.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: July 19, 1917.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: July 19, 1917.

text: The March equinox or Northward equinox is the equinox on the Earth when the Sun appears to leave the southern hemisphere and cross the celestial equator, heading northward as seen from earth. In the Northern Hemisphere the March equinox is known as the vernal equinox, and in the Southern Hemisphere as the autumnal equinox.

text: The March equinox or Northward equinox is the

text: equinox

text: on the Earth when the Sun appears to leave the southern hemisphere and cross the

text: celestial equator

text: , heading northward as seen from earth. In the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: the March equinox is known as the vernal equinox, and in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: as the

text: autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun appears to leave the southern hemisphere and cross the celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the Southern Hemisphere as the autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun appears to leave the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: March equinox or Northward equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumnal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: autumnal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: heading northward as seen from earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The March equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March equinox

text: During the ninth season of the show, Clark learned how to use the arctic version of super-breath. During the tenth and final season, Clark also demonstrated microvision when he used it to see faded ink from a club stamp, and it is on this very season that he gradually starts to learn his power of flight; he progresses from stopping the Daily Planet globe's fall in the season's premiere- momentarily halting in mid-air when he jumps to catch the globe before returning the globe to its original place-, to psychologically inducing himself to defy gravity for a brief instant in the third episode and hovering (albeit without realizing it) while dancing with Lois Lane in "Homecoming", to actually flying within the boundaries of a cybernetic world in "Collateral". In the second half of the series finale "Finale part 2" in which Clark becomes Superman, he finally reconciles his Kryptonian heritage with his Terran upbringing and sheds the psychological baggage which had prevented him from achieving flight. His physical strength was also greatly increased to the level that he could move the planet Apokolips, Darkseid's homeworld, from the collision course with Earth Darkseid sent it on with his bare hands (Although he may have been aided in this feat by various factors such as Darkseid's recent defeat and the moral upheaval involved as he inspired humanity to hope again, considering that Apokolips was drawn to Earth by Darkseid's corruption of humanity). This version seems to follow at least the post Byrne Modern era Superman, while at least some of his Silver and Bronze Age god like strength is restored. Whether he is more powerful than that to the point of Silver Age levels possibly will never be known since the series has ended and Smallville was about Clark's journey to becoming Superman and not Superman himself. However, in the season 10 episode "Homecoming", Superman was depicted in the year 2017 containing the explosion of a nuclear reactor by flying at super-speed around the shockwave and suppressing it.

text: During the ninth season of the show, Clark learned how to use the arctic version of super-breath. During the tenth and final season, Clark also demonstrated microvision when he used it to see faded ink from a club stamp, and it is on this very season that he gradually starts to learn his power of flight; he progresses from stopping the Daily Planet globe's fall in the season's premiere- momentarily halting in mid-air when he jumps to catch the globe before returning the globe to its original place-, to psychologically inducing himself to defy gravity for a brief instant in the third episode and hovering (albeit without realizing it) while dancing with Lois Lane in "Homecoming", to actually flying within the boundaries of a cybernetic world in "Collateral". In the second half of the series finale "Finale part 2" in which Clark becomes Superman, he finally reconciles his Kryptonian heritage with his Terran upbringing and sheds the psychological baggage which had prevented him from achieving flight. His physical strength was also greatly increased to the level that he could move the planet

text: Apokolips

text: Darkseid

text: 's homeworld, from the collision course with Earth Darkseid sent it on with his bare hands (Although he may have been aided in this feat by various factors such as Darkseid's recent defeat and the moral upheaval involved as he inspired humanity to hope again, considering that Apokolips was drawn to Earth by Darkseid's corruption of humanity). This version seems to follow at least the post Byrne Modern era Superman, while at least some of his Silver and Bronze Age god like strength is restored. Whether he is more powerful than that to the point of Silver Age levels possibly will never be known since the series has ended and Smallville was about Clark's journey to becoming Superman and not Superman himself. However, in the season 10 episode "Homecoming", Superman was depicted in the year 2017 containing the explosion of a nuclear reactor by flying at super-speed around the shockwave and suppressing it.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Smallville was about Clark's journey to becoming Superman and not Superman himself

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Apokolips

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Clark learned how to use the arctic version of super-breath

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Smallville was about Clark's journey to becoming Superman

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: arctic

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: post Byrne Modern

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Smallville

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: nuclear reactor

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: arctic version of super-breath.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: achieving flight.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: post Byrne Modern

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: shockwave

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Superman,

text: Earth's efforts to construct starships of its own using reverse-engineered alien technology begin in the season 4 episode , with the less-than-successful X-301. In season 6, the X-302 (later F-302), the first spaceworthy Earth fighter, is introduced, along with Earth's first space battlecruiser, the Prometheus. Squadrons of F-302s are eventually stationed on Earth, Atlantis, the SGC's alternative sites, and its battlecruisers. In season 2 of Stargate Atlantis, the Daedalus-class battlecruiser is introduced, incorporating advancements that were tested on the Prometheus. Thus far, six Daedalus-class battlecruisers have appeared in the series: the Daedalus, the Odyssey, the Korolev (destroyed in season 9), the Apollo, the Sun Tzu, and the George Hammond (named the Phoenix in an alternate timeline). Except for the Korolev and the Sun Tzu, which are operated by the Russians and Chinese respectively, all Earth combat spacecraft are operated by the United States Air Force. The United States Senate Appropriations Committee considers the construction of Daedalus-class ships to be its top priority in terms of planetary defense.

text: Earth's efforts to construct starships of its own using reverse-engineered alien technology begin in the season 4 episode , with the less-than-successful X-301. In season 6, the X-302 (later F-302), the first spaceworthy Earth fighter, is introduced, along with Earth's first space battlecruiser, the Prometheus. Squadrons of F-302s are eventually stationed on Earth,

text: Atlantis

text: , the SGC's alternative sites, and its battlecruisers. In season 2 of Stargate Atlantis, the Daedalus-class battlecruiser is introduced, incorporating advancements that were tested on the Prometheus. Thus far, six Daedalus-class battlecruisers have appeared in the series: the Daedalus, the Odyssey, the Korolev (destroyed in season 9), the Apollo, the Sun Tzu, and the George Hammond (named the Phoenix in an alternate timeline). Except for the Korolev and the Sun Tzu, which are operated by the Russians and Chinese respectively, all Earth combat spacecraft are operated by the

text: United States Air Force

text: . The United States

entity_name: United States Senate Committee on Appropriations

text: Senate Appropriations Committee

text: considers the construction of Daedalus-class ships to be its top priority in terms of planetary defense.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's efforts to construct starships of its own

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Atlantis

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: In season 6 the X-302

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's efforts to construct starships of its own using reverse-engineered alien technology

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: alternate timeline

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: planetary defense.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 4

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth's

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Atlantis,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Atlantis,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 6,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: all Earth combat spacecraft are operated by the United States Air Force.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 4

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth's

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 6,

text: Uranus's internal heat appears markedly lower than that of the other giant planets; in astronomical terms, it has a low thermal flux. Why Uranus's internal temperature is so low is still not understood. Neptune, which is Uranus's near twin in size and composition, radiates 2.61 times as much energy into space as it receives from the Sun, but Uranus radiates hardly any excess heat at all. The total power radiated by Uranus in the far infrared (i.e. heat) part of the spectrum is  times the solar energy absorbed in its atmosphere. Uranus's heat flux is only , which is lower than the internal heat flux of Earth of about 0.075 W/m. The lowest temperature recorded in Uranus's tropopause is 49 K (−224 °C), making Uranus the coldest planet in the Solar System.

text: Uranus's

text: internal heat

text: appears markedly lower than that of the other giant planets; in astronomical terms, it has a low

text: thermal flux

text: . Why Uranus's internal temperature is so low is still not understood. Neptune, which is Uranus's near twin in size and composition, radiates 2.61 times as much energy into space as it receives from the Sun, but Uranus radiates hardly any excess heat at all. The total power radiated by Uranus in the

text: far infrared

text: (i.e. heat) part of the spectrum is  times the solar energy absorbed in its

text: atmosphere

text: . Uranus's heat flux is only , which is lower than the internal heat flux of Earth of about 0.075

text: W/m

text: . The lowest temperature recorded in Uranus's

text: tropopause

text: is 49 K (−224 °C), making Uranus the coldest planet in the Solar System.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Uranus's internal temperature is so low is still not understood

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 0.075 W/m

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Uranus's internal heat appears markedly lower than that of the other giant planets

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Uranus's heat flux is only

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: tropopause

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: not understood.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: tropopause

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Uranus's

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 0.075 W/m.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 224 °C),

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Uranus's

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: tropopause

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 0.075 W/m.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Uranus's

text: Winter solstice (or hibernal solstice) is an astronomical phenomenon marking the shortest day and the longest night of the year.In the Northern Hemisphere this is the December solstice and in the Southern Hemisphere this is the June solstice.

text: Winter solstice (or hibernal solstice) is an

text: astronomical

text: phenomenon marking the shortest day and the longest night of the year.In the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: this is the

text: December solstice

text: and in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: this is the

text: June solstice

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the longest night of the year

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical phenomenon

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: June solstice.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: shortest day and the longest night of the year.In

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: shortest day and the longest night

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Winter solstice

text: The solar eclipse of October 25, 2022, is a partial solar eclipse that will be visible from Europe, the Middle East, and Western Asia. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: The solar eclipse of October 25, 2022, is a partial

text: solar eclipse

text: that will be visible from Europe, the Middle East, and Western Asia. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The solar eclipse of October 25, 2022,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October 25, 2022,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: October 25, 2022,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The solar eclipse of October 25, 2022,

text: Meteorological Reckoning is the method of measuring the winter season used by meteorologists based on "sensible weather patterns" for record keeping purposes, so the start of meteorological winter varies with latitude. Winter is often defined by meteorologists to be the three calendar months with the lowest average temperatures. This corresponds to the months of December, January and February in the Northern Hemisphere, and June, July and August in the Southern Hemisphere. The coldest average temperatures of the season are typically experienced in January or February in the Northern Hemisphere and in June, July or August in the Southern Hemisphere. Nighttime predominates in the winter season, and in some regions winter has the highest rate of precipitation as well as prolonged dampness because of permanent snow cover or high precipitation rates coupled with low temperatures, precluding evaporation. Blizzards often develop and cause many transportation delays. Diamond dust, also known as ice needles or ice crystals, forms at temperatures approaching  due to air with slightly higher moisture from aloft mixing with colder, surface based air.  They are made of simple ice crystals that are hexagonal in shape. The Swedish meteorological institute (SMHI) define winter as when the daily mean temperatures go below  for five consecutive days. According to the SMHI, winter in Scandinavia is more pronounced when Atlantic low–pressure systems take more southerly and northerly routes, leaving the path open for high–pressure systems to come in and cold temperatures to occur. As a result, the coldest January on record in 1987 was also the sunniest in Stockholm.

text: Meteorological Reckoning is the method of measuring the winter season used by

text: meteorologists

text: based on "sensible weather patterns" for record keeping purposes, so the start of meteorological winter varies with latitude. Winter is often defined by meteorologists to be the three calendar months with the lowest average temperatures. This corresponds to the months of December, January and February in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , and June, July and August in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: . The coldest average temperatures of the season are typically experienced in January or February in the Northern Hemisphere and in June, July or August in the Southern Hemisphere. Nighttime predominates in the winter season, and in some regions winter has the highest rate of

text: precipitation

text: as well as prolonged dampness because of permanent snow cover or high precipitation rates coupled with low temperatures, precluding evaporation.

text: Blizzard

text: s often develop and cause many transportation delays.

text: Diamond dust

text: , also known as ice needles or ice crystals, forms at temperatures approaching  due to air with slightly higher moisture from aloft mixing with colder, surface based air.  They are made of simple ice crystals that are hexagonal in shape. The

entity_name: Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute

text: Swedish meteorological institute

text: (SMHI) define winter as when the daily mean temperatures go below  for five consecutive days. According to the SMHI, winter in Scandinavia is more pronounced when Atlantic low–pressure systems take more southerly and northerly routes, leaving the path open for high–pressure systems to come in and cold temperatures to occur. As a result, the coldest January on record in 1987 was also the sunniest in

text: Stockholm

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: based on "sensible weather patterns

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Stockholm

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: varies with latitude

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: night

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: "sensible weather patterns"

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sunniest

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: June, July and August in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Stockholm.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Stockholm.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sunniest in Stockholm.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: sunniest

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunniest

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Scandinavia

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: June, July and August in the Southern Hemisphere.

text: The tilt of the Earth's axis relative to its orbital plane plays a big role in the weather. The Earth is tilted at an angle of 23.44° to the plane of its orbit, and this causes different latitudes on the Earth to directly face the Sun as the Earth moves through its orbit. It is this variation that primarily brings about the seasons. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, the Southern Hemisphere faces the Sun more directly and thus experiences warmer temperatures than the Northern Hemisphere. Conversely, winter in the Southern Hemisphere occurs when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted more toward the Sun. From the perspective of an observer on the Earth, the winter Sun has a lower maximum altitude in the sky than the summer Sun.

text: The tilt of the Earth's axis relative to its orbital plane plays a big role in the weather. The Earth is tilted at an angle of 23.44° to the plane of its orbit, and this causes different latitudes on the Earth to directly face the Sun as the Earth moves through its orbit. It is this variation that primarily brings about the seasons. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, the Southern Hemisphere faces the Sun more directly and thus experiences warmer temperatures than the Northern Hemisphere. Conversely, winter in the Southern Hemisphere occurs when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted more toward the Sun. From the perspective of an observer on the Earth, the winter Sun has a lower maximum altitude in the sky than the summer Sun.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: different latitudes on the Earth to directly face the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Southern Hemisphere faces the Sun more directly and thus experiences warmer temperatures

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: different latitudes on the Earth to directly face the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: warmer temperatures than the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: warmer temperatures than the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer Sun.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earth is tilted at an angle of 23.44°

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter

text: The Solar Hijri calendar year begins at the start of spring in the Northern Hemisphere: on the midnight between the two consecutive solar noons, which include the instant of the March equinox, when the sun enters the Northern Hemisphere. Hence, the first noon is on the last day of one calendar year and the second noon is on the first day (Nowruz) of the next year.

text: The Solar Hijri calendar year begins at the start of spring in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: : on the midnight between the two consecutive

text: solar noons

text: , which include the instant of the

text: March equinox

text: , when the sun enters the Northern Hemisphere. Hence, the first noon is on the last day of one calendar year and the second noon is on the first day (

text: Nowruz

text: ) of the next year.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the sun enters the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: when the sun enters the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: when the sun enters the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: when the sun enters the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: March equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring in the Northern Hemisphere:

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere:

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere:

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: midnight between the two consecutive solar noons,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: when the sun enters the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: March equinox,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March equinox,

text: Georgescu points out that Earth is a closed system in the thermodynamic sense of the term: Earth exchanges energy, but not matter (practically) with the rest of the universe. Hence, mainly two sources of 'low entropy' are available to man, namely the stock of mineral resources in the crust of the Earth; and the flow of radiation, received from the Sun. Since the Sun will continue to shine for billions of years to come, the Earth's mineral stock is the scarcer one of these two main sources of low entropy. Whereas the stock of minerals may be extracted from the crust of the Earth at a rate of our own choosing (practically), the flow of solar radiation arrives at the surface of the Earth at a constant and fixed rate, beyond human control. This natural 'asymmetry' between man's access to the stock of minerals and the flow of solar energy accounts for the historical contrast between urban and rural life: The busy urban life, on the one hand, is associated with industry and the impatient extraction of minerals; the tranquil rural life, on the other hand, is associated with agriculture and the patient reception of the fixed flow of solar energy. Georgescu points out that this 'asymmetry' helps explaining the historical subjection of the countryside by the town since the dawn of civilisation, and he criticises Karl Marx for not taking this subjection properly into account in his theory of historical materialism.

text: Georgescu points out that Earth is a

text: closed system

text: in the thermodynamic sense of the term: Earth exchanges energy, but not matter (practically) with the rest of the universe. Hence, mainly two sources of 'low entropy' are available to man, namely the stock of mineral resources in the crust of the Earth; and the flow of radiation, received from the

text: Sun

text: . Since the Sun will continue to shine for billions of years to come, the Earth's mineral stock is the scarcer one of these two main sources of low entropy. Whereas the stock of minerals may be extracted from the

text: crust of the Earth

text: at a rate of our own choosing (practically), the flow of solar radiation arrives at the surface of the Earth at a constant and fixed rate, beyond human control. This natural 'asymmetry' between man's access to the stock of minerals and the flow of solar energy accounts for the historical contrast between urban and rural life: The busy urban life, on the one hand, is associated with industry and the impatient extraction of minerals; the tranquil rural life, on the other hand, is associated with agriculture and the patient reception of the fixed flow of solar energy. Georgescu points out that this 'asymmetry' helps explaining the historical subjection of the countryside by the town since the dawn of civilisation, and he criticises

text: Karl Marx

text: for not taking this subjection properly into account in his theory of

text: historical materialism

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: natural 'asymmetry'

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Earth's mineral stock is the scarcer one

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth exchanges energy, but not matter (practically) with the rest of the universe

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: asymmetry

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: agriculture and the patient reception of the fixed flow of solar energy.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 'low entropy'

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: historical contrast between urban and rural life:

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: rural

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Sun will continue to shine for billions of years to come,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Since the Sun will continue to shine for billions of years to come,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 'asymmetry'

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth is a closed system

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: flow of solar radiation

text: Honda first raced in Formula One from 1964 to 1968. The cars were entered in an all-white livery with a red circle, duplicating the Japanese flag. The company won several races but left F1 at the end of the 1968 season, before returning as an engine supplier in the 1980s. Honda in the 1990s never raced, but created prototypes like the RC 100 and the RA099 tested at Suzuka Circuit.After a decade away from the sport, Honda returned again as an engine supplier in 2001, before buying the British American Racing team and entering F1 as a constructor in 2006.For the 2006 season, Honda continued with the BAT sponsorship with the Lucky Strike logo, but BAT pulled out for 2007. From 2007, the only logos on the car are the Honda badge, the Bridgestone logo, and the logo of Honda's environmental awareness program, Earth Dreams. For 2007, the livery itself was a picture of the Earth on a black background. For 2008, however, there are only pieces of the image of Earth on a mainly white background, as opposed to the whole of the Earth being on Honda's car.

text: Honda

text: first raced in Formula One from

text: to

text: . The cars were entered in an all-white livery with a red circle, duplicating the

text: Japanese flag

text: . The company won several races but left F1 at the end of the 1968 season, before returning as an engine supplier in the 1980s. Honda in the 1990s never raced, but created prototypes like the RC 100 and the RA099 tested at Suzuka Circuit.After a decade away from the sport, Honda returned again as an engine supplier in

text: , before buying the

text: British American Racing

text: team and entering F1 as a constructor in

text: .For the 2006 season, Honda continued with the

text: BAT

text: sponsorship with the Lucky Strike logo, but BAT pulled out for 2007. From 2007, the only logos on the car are the

text: Honda

text: badge, the

text: Bridgestone

text: logo, and the logo of Honda's environmental awareness program, Earth Dreams. For 2007, the livery itself was a picture of the Earth on a black background. For 2008, however, there are only pieces of the image of Earth on a mainly white background, as opposed to the whole of the Earth being on Honda's car.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the cars were entered in an all-white livery with a red circle, duplicating the Japanese flag

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: environmental awareness

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2008,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Honda first raced in Formula One

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Suzuka Circuit.After

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth Dreams.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2008,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2008,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2008,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2008,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2008,

text: For the 2003 northern hemisphere summer season, Regal Princess was repositioned for cruises on the Mediterranean Sea and Baltic Sea. While on a repositioning cruise from Copenhagen to New York in August 2003, a number of passengers and crew on board Regal Princess were infected by the Norwalk virus. The number of infected people on board eventually rose to 217, and the decision was made for the ship to drop planned calls in Greenland and Newfoundland in favour of sailing directly to New York. By the time the ship arrived in New York on 2 September 2003, one day ahead of schedule, only four people on board were still suffering from the virus. The ship was again disinfected and was able to depart on her next scheduled cruise without problems.

text: For the 2003 northern hemisphere summer season, Regal Princess was repositioned for cruises on the

text: Mediterranean Sea

text: and

text: Baltic Sea

text: . While on a

text: repositioning cruise

text: from Copenhagen to New York in August 2003, a number of passengers and crew on board Regal Princess were infected by the

text: Norwalk virus

text: . The number of infected people on board eventually rose to 217, and the decision was made for the ship to drop planned calls in Greenland and Newfoundland in favour of sailing directly to New York. By the time the ship arrived in New York on 2 September 2003, one day ahead of schedule, only four people on board were still suffering from the virus. The ship was again disinfected and was able to depart on her next scheduled cruise without problems.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: while on a repositioning cruise

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: repositioned for cruises on the Mediterranean Sea and Baltic Sea.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2003 northern hemisphere summer season,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mediterranean Sea and Baltic Sea.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2003,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2003 northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2 September 2003,

text: It is on average the warmest month in most of the Northern hemisphere (where it is the second month of summer) and the coldest month in much of the Southern hemisphere (where it is the second month of winter). The second half of the year commences in July. In the Southern hemisphere, July is the seasonal equivalent of January in the Northern hemisphere.

text: It is on average the warmest month in most of the

text: Northern hemisphere

text: (where it is the second month of summer) and the coldest month in much of the

text: Southern hemisphere

text: (where it is the second month of winter). The second half of the year commences in July. In the Southern hemisphere, July is the seasonal equivalent of January in the Northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is the second month of summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the warmest month in most of the Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: July.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: coldest month in much of the Southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: warmest month in most of the Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: January

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: July.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: July.

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on August 9, 1953. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on August 9, 1953. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on August 9, 1953.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: August 9, 1953.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: August 9, 1953.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: August 9, 1953.

text: When the Earth is at its furthest point from the sun (aphelion) in summer then variation in temperature between winter and summer are less extreme. When the earth is closest to the sun (perihelion) about 5,750 years later, then the variations are at their most extreme. At present the Earth is at its furthest during the northern hemisphere summer, so the northern hemisphere summers and winters are less extreme and the southern hemisphere climate is more extreme.

text: When the Earth is at its furthest point from the sun (

text: aphelion

text: ) in summer then variation in temperature between winter and summer are less extreme. When the earth is closest to the sun (

text: perihelion

text: ) about 5,750 years later, then the variations are at their most extreme. At present the Earth is at its furthest during the northern hemisphere summer, so the northern hemisphere summers and winters are less extreme and the southern hemisphere climate is more extreme.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth is at its furthest point from the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: temperature between winter and summer are less extreme

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the earth is at its furthest point from the sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: When the Earth is at its furthest point from the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (perihelion)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: variation in temperature between winter and summer are less extreme.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (aphelion)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: variation in temperature between winter and summer are less extreme.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: variation in temperature between winter and summer are less extreme.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: (aphelion)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: (aphelion)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 5,750 years later,

text: Astronomically, the winter solstice, being the day of the year which has fewest hours of daylight, ought to be the middle of the season, but seasonal lag means that the coldest period normally follows the solstice by a few weeks. In some cultures, the season is regarded as beginning at the solstice and ending on the following equinox – in the Northern Hemisphere, depending on the year, this corresponds to the period between 21 or 22 December and  19, 20 or 21 March.In the UK, meteorologists consider winter to be the three coldest months of December, January and February.

text: Astronomically, the winter solstice, being the day of the year which has fewest hours of daylight, ought to be the middle of the season, but

text: seasonal lag

text: means that the coldest period normally follows the solstice by a few weeks. In some cultures, the season is regarded as beginning at the solstice and ending on the following

text: equinox

text: – in the Northern Hemisphere, depending on the year, this corresponds to the period between 21 or 22 December and  19, 20 or 21 March.In the UK, meteorologists consider winter to be the three coldest months of December, January and February.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal lag means that the coldest period normally follows the solstice by a few weeks

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the coldest period normally follows the solstice by a few weeks

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this corresponds to the period between 21 or 22 December and 19, 20 or 21 March

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Astronomically,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter solstice,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: fewest hours of daylight,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 21 or 22 December and 19, 20 or 21 March.In

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the winter solstice,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 21 or 22 December and 19, 20 or 21 March.In

text: One square metre of the Earth receives about 1.4 kilojoules of solar radiation every second in full daylight.

text: One square metre of the

text: Earth

text: receives about 1.4 kilojoules of

text: solar radiation

text: every second in full daylight.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: full daylight

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: how many kilojoules of solar radiation does one square metre of the earth receive

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the sun rises at noon

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: full daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: full daylight.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1.4 kilojoules of solar radiation every second in full daylight.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1.4 kilojoules of solar radiation every second in full daylight.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: One square metre

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1.4 kilojoules of solar radiation every second in full daylight.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: full daylight.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: full daylight.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1.4 kilojoules of solar radiation every second in full daylight.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1.4 kilojoules of solar radiation every second in full daylight.

text: The major atmospheric gases (oxygen and nitrogen) are transparent to incoming sunlight but are also transparent to outgoing thermal (infrared) radiation. However, water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane and other trace gases are opaque to many wavelengths of thermal radiation. The Earth's surface radiates the net equivalent of 17 percent of the incoming solar energy in the form of thermal infrared. However, the amount that directly escapes to space is only about 12 percent of incoming solar energy. The remaining fraction, 5 to 6 percent, is absorbed by the atmosphere by greenhouse gas molecules.

text: The major

text: atmospheric

text: gases (

text: oxygen

text: and

text: nitrogen

text: ) are transparent to incoming sunlight but are also transparent to outgoing thermal (

text: infrared

text: ) radiation. However,

text: water vapor

text: carbon dioxide

text: methane

text: and other trace gases are opaque to many

text: wavelength

text: s of thermal radiation. The Earth's surface radiates the net equivalent of 17 percent of the incoming

text: solar energy

text: in the form of thermal infrared. However, the amount that directly escapes to space is only about 12 percent of incoming solar energy. The remaining fraction, 5 to 6 percent, is absorbed by the atmosphere by

text: greenhouse gas

text: molecule

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: greenhouse gas molecules

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: infrared

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Earth's surface radiates the net equivalent

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: greenhouse gas molecules.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: incoming sunlight

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The major atmospheric gases

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 17 percent of the incoming solar energy

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 17 percent of the incoming solar energy

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: transparent to incoming sunlight

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunlight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The major atmospheric gases

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The major atmospheric gases

text: On the winter solstice of December 21, the shortest day of the year in the northern hemisphere, the shadow of one of the blocks disappears when the sun is directly above it. The rock seems to be placed at angle so that the shadow is possibly small throughout the day. It is this block's alignment with the December solstice that leads archaeologists to believe the site was once a type of astronomical observatory. They believe the site was made by a sophisticated indigenous culture. One of the stones has a circular hole carved into it. During the winter solstice, the sun shines directly though this hole onto another rock for an extended amount of time, supporting the idea that Amazon Stonehenge was used as an astronomical site.

text: On the

text: winter solstice

text: of December 21, the

text: shortest day

text: of the year in the northern hemisphere, the shadow of one of the blocks disappears when the sun is directly above it. The rock seems to be placed at angle so that the shadow is possibly small throughout the day. It is this block's alignment with the December

text: solstice

text: that leads archaeologists to believe the site was once a type of astronomical observatory. They believe the site was made by a sophisticated indigenous culture. One of the stones has a circular hole carved into it. During the winter solstice, the sun shines directly though this hole onto another rock for an extended amount of time, supporting the idea that Amazon Stonehenge was used as an astronomical site.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 21

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: shortest day of the year in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a sophisticated indigenous culture.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the sun shines directly though this hole onto another rock

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: shortest day of the year in the northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter solstice of December 21,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter solstice of December 21,

text: All the solar planets more distant from the Sun than Earth are similar to Earth in that, since they experience many rotations per revolution around the Sun, there is only a small difference between the length of the sidereal day and that of the solar day—the ratio of the former to the latter never being less than Earth's ratio of 0.997. But the situation is quite different for Mercury and Venus. Mercury's sidereal day is about two-thirds of its orbital period, so by the prograde formula its solar day lasts for two revolutions around the Sun— three times as long as its sidereal day. Venus rotates retrograde with a sidereal day lasting about 243.0 Earth days, or about 1.08 times its orbital period of 224.7 Earth days; hence by the retrograde formula its solar day is about 116.8 Earth days, and it has about 1.9 solar days per orbital period.

text: All the solar planets more distant from the Sun than Earth are similar to Earth in that, since they experience many rotations per revolution around the Sun, there is only a small difference between the length of the sidereal day and that of the solar day—the ratio of the former to the latter never being less than Earth's ratio of 0.997. But the situation is quite different for

text: Mercury

text: and Venus. Mercury's sidereal day is about two-thirds of its orbital period, so by the prograde formula its solar day lasts for two revolutions around the Sun— three times as long as its sidereal day. Venus rotates retrograde with a sidereal day lasting about 243.0 Earth days, or about 1.08 times its orbital period of 224.7 Earth days; hence by the retrograde formula its solar day is about 116.8 Earth days, and it has about 1.9 solar days per orbital period.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's ratio of 0.997

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sidereal day

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sidereal day

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's ratio of 0.997

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sidereal day

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: many rotations per revolution around the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: retrograde

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 0.997.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 0.997.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mercury

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 0.997.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 0.997.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 0.997.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 0.997.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 0.997.

text: Following up his career season with another solid season in the 2012 CFL season. He amassed 44 successful field goals in 52 attempts (84.6%). The 2012 season was McCallum's 20th year in the CFL and 7th year with the BC Lions. He is one of only 5 players to have played 20 or more years in the CFL. During the 2013 CFL season McCallum saw a reduced number of field goal attempts, only 33, of which he converted on 28.

text: Following up his career season with another solid season in the

text: 2012 CFL season

text: . He amassed 44 successful field goals in 52 attempts (84.6%). The 2012 season was McCallum's 20th year in the CFL and 7th year with the BC Lions. He is one of only 5 players to have played 20 or more years in the CFL. During the

text: 2013 CFL season

text: McCallum saw a reduced number of field goal attempts, only 33, of which he converted on 28.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The 2012 season was McCallum's 20th year in the CFL

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Following up his career

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: BC Lions.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (84.6%).

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 20 or more years in the CFL.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 33,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2013

text: The modern Sabbats that many Wiccans and Neo-Pagans now follow are: Imbolc (February 2), Ostara (Spring Equinox), Beltane (May 1), Litha (Summer Solstice), Lammas (August 1), Mabon (Autumn Equinox), Samhain (October 31) and Yule (Winter Solstice). (See also Wheel of the Year)

text: The modern Sabbats that many Wiccans and Neo-Pagans now follow are:

text: Imbolc

text: (February 2),

text: Ostara

text: (Spring Equinox),

text: Beltane

text: (May 1),

text: Litha

text: (Summer Solstice),

text: Lammas

text: (August 1),

text: Mabon

text: (Autumn Equinox),

text: Samhain

text: (October 31) and

text: Yule

text: (Winter Solstice). (See also

text: Wheel of the Year

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter Solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Summer Solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Yule

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Spring Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer Solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: (Spring Equinox),

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (Spring Equinox),

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Litha (Summer Solstice),

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (Spring Equinox),

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (Summer Solstice),

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Yule

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (Spring Equinox),

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: (Spring Equinox),

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Yule (Winter Solstice).

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: (Spring Equinox),

text: In August 2007, Bourke signed with Montreal. He missed the final game of the 2007 regular season and the playoffs due to a knee injury but signed a contract extension on January 7, 2008. His performance in the 2008 CFL season earned him a spot on the East Division All-Star team. Josh Bourke was recognized as a CFL Eastern All-Star every season from 2008 through the 2014 CFL season. Bourke won the Grey Cup with the Alouettes in both the 2009 CFL season and the 2010 CFL season.

text: In August 2007, Bourke signed with Montreal. He missed the final game of the

text: 2007 regular season

text: and the playoffs due to a knee injury but signed a contract extension on January 7, 2008. His performance in the

text: 2008 CFL season

text: earned him a spot on the

text: East Division

text: All-Star team. Josh Bourke was recognized as a CFL Eastern All-Star every season from 2008 through the

text: 2014 CFL season

text: . Bourke won the

text: Grey Cup

text: with the Alouettes in both the

text: 2009 CFL season

text: and the

text: 2010 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Bourke was recognized as a CFL Eastern All-Star every season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 7, 2008

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a knee injury

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: East

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2007 regular season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Montreal.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: East Division

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 7, 2008.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: January 7, 2008.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: January 7, 2008.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: January 7, 2008.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: January 7, 2008.

text: June is the sixth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and the second month to have the length of 30 days. June contains the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, the day with the most daylight hours, and the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere, the day with the fewest daylight hours (excluding polar regions in both cases). June in the Northern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent to December in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa. In the Northern hemisphere, the beginning of the traditional astronomical summer is 21 June (meteorological summer begins on 1 June). In the Southern hemisphere, meteorological winter begins on 1 June.

text: June is the sixth

text: month

text: of the

text: year

text: in the

text: Julian

text: and

text: Gregorian calendar

text: s and the second month to have the length of 30

text: day

text: s. June contains the

text: summer solstice

text: in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , the day with the most daylight hours, and the

text: winter solstice

text: in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , the day with the fewest daylight hours (excluding polar regions in both cases). June in the Northern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent to

text: December

text: in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa. In the Northern hemisphere, the beginning of the traditional astronomical

text: summer

text: is 21 June (meteorological summer begins on 1 June). In the Southern hemisphere, meteorological winter begins on 1 June.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: June contains the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the day with the fewest daylight hours

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the day with the most daylight hours

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the day with the most daylight hours,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the day with the fewest daylight hours

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the day with the most daylight hours,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: June contains the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: June

text: A partial solar eclipse will occur on July 22, 2047. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: will occur on July 22, 2047. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse will occur on July 22, 2047.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: July 22, 2047.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: July 22, 2047.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: July 22, 2047.

text: The show's staff and writers occasionally make jokes about Daniel's frequent "deaths" on the show. In the season 7 episode "Heroes", one of the SG teams examine some ancient ruins and a scientist says "Dr. Jackson is gonna die when he sees this!" to which another member (Col. David Dixon, played by Adam Baldwin) responds "What?! Again?". Comparisons have also been made between Daniel and Kenny from the cartoon series South Park. Daniel's first death is by staff blast while he defends O'Neil; he is resurrected by Ra with a sarcophagus in the film. Daniel flat lines in Season 4's "The Light". He dies of radiation poisoning in season 5's "Meridian" and Ascends to a higher plane until he reappears in Season 7's "Fallen (part 1)". He is killed by RepliCarter at the very end of "Reckoning" and is seen at a midway point between Ascension and mortality before finally retaking human form in "Threads". Daniel is presumed dead after SG-1 is brainwashed to believe this in Season 1's "Fire and Water". Daniel also is killed by Teal'c several times in a virtual reality system in Season 8's "Avatar". Other deaths generally involve Daniel's teammates: they die together in "The Nox" (where they get resurrected by the Nox) and in the alternate future of "2010"; their robot versions are killed in "Double Jeopardy", Daniel being the first to die; and a Goa'uld-possessed alternate timeline version of Daniel is shot by Teal'c in "Moebius", while in another timeline in the same episode, all of SG-1 are killed except Daniel. In the series first instance of an alternate timeline, the Daniel from that timeline is also presumed dead as his last known location is Egypt which is shown to have been attacked by the Goa'uld. In Stargate: Continuum Daniel is feared dead when he asks Carter and Mitchell to leave him behind while they search for help in the Arctic, only to be rescued by Col. O'Neill. Jackson is again killed by a Jaffa staff weapon near the end before Mitchell uses Ba'al's time-travel device to prevent Ba'al invading and conquering Earth.

text: The show's staff and writers occasionally make jokes about Daniel's frequent "deaths" on the show. In the season 7 episode "

text: Heroes

text: ", one of the SG teams examine some ancient ruins and a scientist says "Dr. Jackson is gonna die when he sees this!" to which another member (Col. David Dixon, played by

text: Adam Baldwin

text: ) responds "What?! Again?". Comparisons have also been made between Daniel and

text: Kenny

text: from the cartoon series

text: South Park

text: . Daniel's first death is by staff blast while he defends O'Neil; he is resurrected by Ra with a

text: sarcophagus

text: in the film. Daniel flat lines in Season 4's "

text: The Light

text: ". He dies of radiation poisoning in season 5's "

text: Meridian

text: " and Ascends to a higher plane until he reappears in Season 7's "

text: Fallen (part 1)

text: ". He is killed by

text: RepliCarter

text: at the very end of "

text: Reckoning

text: " and is seen at a midway point between Ascension and mortality before finally retaking human form in "

text: Threads

text: ". Daniel is presumed dead after SG-1 is brainwashed to believe this in Season 1's "

text: Fire and Water

text: ". Daniel also is killed by

text: Teal'c

text: several times in a

text: virtual reality

text: system in Season 8's "

text: Avatar

text: ". Other deaths generally involve Daniel's teammates: they die together in "

text: The Nox

text: " (where they get resurrected by the Nox) and in the alternate future of "

text: "; their robot versions are killed in "

text: Double Jeopardy

text: ", Daniel being the first to die; and a

text: Goa'uld

text: -possessed alternate timeline version of Daniel is shot by

text: Teal'c

text: in "

text: Moebius

text: ", while in another timeline in the same episode, all of SG-1 are killed except Daniel. In the series first instance of an alternate timeline, the Daniel from that timeline is also presumed dead as his last known location is Egypt which is shown to have been attacked by the

text: Goa'uld

text: . In

text: Stargate: Continuum

text: Daniel is feared dead when he asks

text: Carter

text: and

text: Mitchell

text: to leave him behind while they search for help in the Arctic, only to be rescued by

text: Col. O'Neill

text: . Jackson is again killed by a Jaffa staff weapon near the end before

text: Mitchell

text: uses Ba'al's time-travel device to prevent Ba'al invading and conquering Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: comparisons have also been made between Daniel and Kenny from the cartoon series South Park

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Daniel flat lines in Season 4's "The Light"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Daniel is presumed dead after SG-1 is brainwashed to believe this

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Nox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the alternate future of "2010"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daniel flat lines in Season 4's "The Light"

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Daniel flat lines in Season 4's "The Light"

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: sion and mortality

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "The Nox"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Ascension

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Egypt

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Egypt

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: mortality

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: they die together

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "2010";

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Daniel

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Daniel is presumed dead after SG-1 is brainwashed

text: The Top 24 semifinalists will be split into two groups of twelve. Pre-taped performances of the first group will air on February 10 and the second group on February 17. On the following day each week, pre-taped performances of each contestant performing a duet with a past Idol contender will air, as will the judges selection of seven contestants from each group to advance to the Top 14. The past contestants for group one were season 2 winner Ruben Studdard, season 3 winner Fantasia Barrino, season 10 winner Scotty McCreery, season 10 runner-up Lauren Alaina, season 13 winner Caleb Johnson, and last season's winner Nick Fradiani. The past contestants for group two were season 4  finalist Constantine Maroulis, season 5 finalists Chris Daughtry and Kellie Pickler, season 6 winner Jordin Sparks, season 7 winner David Cook, and season 10 finalist Haley Reinhart.

text: The Top 24 semifinalists will be split into two groups of twelve. Pre-taped performances of the first group will air on February 10 and the second group on February 17. On the following day each week, pre-taped performances of each contestant performing a duet with a past Idol contender will air, as will the judges selection of seven contestants from each group to advance to the Top 14. The past contestants for group one were

text: season 2

text: winner

text: Ruben Studdard

text: season 3

text: winner

text: Fantasia Barrino

text: season 10

text: winner

text: Scotty McCreery

text: , season 10 runner-up

text: Lauren Alaina

text: season 13

text: winner

text: Caleb Johnson

text: , and

text: last season's

text: winner

text: Nick Fradiani

text: . The past contestants for group two were

text: season 4

text: finalist

text: Constantine Maroulis

text: season 5

text: finalists

text: Chris Daughtry

text: and

text: Kellie Pickler

text: season 6

text: winner

text: Jordin Sparks

text: season 7

text: winner

text: David Cook

text: , and season 10 finalist

text: Haley Reinhart

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Top 24 semifinalists will be split into two groups of twelve

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February 10

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: February 10

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a duet with a past Idol contender

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 14.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: February 10 and the second group on February 17.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 14.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 14.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February 10

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: February 10 and the second group on February 17.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: February 17.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: seven contestants from each group to advance to the Top 14.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: February 10

text: As explained in the Talmud, there is a tradition that the Sun was created in its vernal equinox position at the beginning of the springtime Jewish lunar month of Nissan. The sages of the Talmud settled disputes over the halachic definition of the vernal equinox by establishing it on March 25 of the Julian calendar. Because both the Julian calendar and Jewish tradition define a solar year as exactly 365.25 days, the halachic vernal equinox historically fell out on March 25 every year. This halachic equinox now falls about 17 days after the true equinox, with the error increasing by about 3/4 of a day per century.

text: As explained in the

text: Talmud

text: , there is a tradition that the Sun was created in its

text: vernal equinox

text: position at the beginning of the springtime Jewish

text: lunar month

text: of Nissan.

text: The sages of the Talmud

text: settled disputes over the

text: halachic

text: definition of the vernal equinox by establishing it on March 25 of the

text: Julian calendar

text: . Because both the Julian calendar and Jewish tradition define a solar year as exactly 365.25 days, the halachic vernal equinox historically fell out on March 25 every year. This halachic equinox now falls about 17 days after the true equinox, with the error increasing by about 3/4 of a day per century.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun was created in its vernal equinox position

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 365.25 days

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this halachic equinox now falls about 17 days after the true equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun was created in its vernal equinox position

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: springtime

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 17 days

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 365.25 days,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Nissan.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: now falls about 17 days after the true equinox,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March 25

text: The Earth is constantly immersed in the solar wind, a rarefied flow of hot plasma (a gas of free electrons and positive ions) emitted by the Sun in all directions, a result of the two-million-degree temperature of the Sun's outermost layer, the corona. The solar wind reaches Earth with a velocity typically around 400 km/s, a density of around 5 ions/cm and a magnetic field intensity of around 2–5 nT (for comparison, Earth's surface field is typically 30,000–50,000 nT). During magnetic storms, in particular, flows can be several times faster; the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) may also be much stronger. Joan Feynman deduced in the 1970s that the long-term averages of solar wind speed correlated with geomagnetic activity.  Her work resulted from data collected by the Explorer 33 spacecraft.The solar wind and magnetosphere consist of plasma (ionized gas), which conducts electricity. It is well known (since Michael Faraday's work around 1830) that when an electrical conductor is placed within a magnetic field while relative motion occurs in a direction that the conductor cuts across (or is cut by), rather than along, the lines of the magnetic field, an electric current is induced within the conductor. The strength of the current depends on a) the rate of relative motion, b) the strength of the magnetic field, c) the number of conductors ganged together and d) the distance between the conductor and the magnetic field, while the direction of flow is dependent upon the direction of relative motion. Dynamos make use of this basic process ("the dynamo effect"), any and all conductors, solid or otherwise are so affected, including plasmas and other fluids.The IMF originates on the Sun, linked to the sunspots, and its field lines (lines of force) are dragged out by the solar wind. That alone would tend to line them up in the Sun-Earth direction, but the rotation of the Sun angles them at Earth by about 45 degrees forming a spiral in the ecliptic plane), known as the Parker spiral. The field lines passing Earth are therefore usually linked to those near the western edge ("limb") of the visible Sun at any time.The solar wind and the magnetosphere, being two electrically conducting fluids in relative motion, should be able in principle to generate electric currents by dynamo action and impart energy from the flow of the solar wind. However, this process is hampered by the fact that plasmas conduct readily along magnetic field lines, but less readily perpendicular to them. Energy is more effectively transferred by temporary magnetic connection between the field lines of the solar wind and those of the magnetosphere. Unsurprisingly this process is known as magnetic reconnection. As already mentioned, it happens most readily when the interplanetary field is directed southward, in a similar direction to the geomagnetic field in the inner regions of both the north magnetic pole and south magnetic pole.

text: The Earth is constantly immersed in the

text: solar wind

text: , a rarefied flow of hot plasma (a gas of free electrons and positive ions) emitted by the Sun in all directions, a result of the two-million-degree temperature of the Sun's outermost layer, the

text: corona

text: . The solar wind reaches Earth with a velocity typically around 400 km/s, a density of around 5 ions/cm and a magnetic field intensity of around 2–5 nT (for comparison, Earth's surface field is typically 30,000–50,000 nT). During

text: magnetic storms

text: , in particular, flows can be several times faster; the

text: interplanetary magnetic field

text: (IMF) may also be much stronger. Joan Feynman deduced in the 1970s that the long-term averages of solar wind speed correlated with geomagnetic activity.  Her work resulted from data collected by the

text: Explorer 33

text: spacecraft.The solar wind and magnetosphere consist of

text: plasma

text: (ionized gas), which conducts electricity. It is well known (since

text: Michael Faraday

text: 's work around 1830) that when an electrical conductor is placed within a magnetic field while relative motion occurs in a direction that the conductor cuts across (or is cut by), rather than along, the lines of the magnetic field, an electric current is induced within the conductor. The strength of the current depends on a) the rate of relative motion, b) the strength of the magnetic field, c) the number of conductors ganged together and d) the distance between the conductor and the magnetic field, while the direction of flow is dependent upon the direction of relative motion.

text: Dynamo

text: s make use of this basic process ("the

text: dynamo effect

text: "), any and all conductors, solid or otherwise are so affected, including plasmas and other fluids.The IMF originates on the Sun, linked to the

text: sunspot

text: s, and its

text: field lines (lines of force)

text: are dragged out by the solar wind. That alone would tend to line them up in the Sun-Earth direction, but the rotation of the Sun angles them at Earth by about 45 degrees forming a spiral in the ecliptic plane), known as the

text: Parker spiral

text: . The field lines passing Earth are therefore usually linked to those near the western edge ("limb") of the visible Sun at any time.The solar wind and the magnetosphere, being two electrically conducting fluids in relative motion, should be able in principle to generate electric currents by dynamo action and impart energy from the flow of the solar wind. However, this process is hampered by the fact that plasmas conduct readily along magnetic field lines, but less readily perpendicular to them. Energy is more effectively transferred by temporary magnetic connection between the field lines of the solar wind and those of the magnetosphere. Unsurprisingly this process is known as

text: magnetic reconnection

text: . As already mentioned, it happens most readily when the interplanetary field is directed southward, in a similar direction to the geomagnetic field in the inner regions of both the

text: north magnetic pole

text: and

text: south magnetic pole

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the rotation of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: magnetic storms

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The Parker spiral

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: that alone would tend to line them up in the Sun-Earth direction

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: ecliptic

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Sun-Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: magnetic storms,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1830)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: sunspots,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar wind.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the rotation of the Sun angles them at Earth by about 45 degrees

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1830)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: a) the rate of relative motion,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Michael Faraday's work around 1830)

text: 2010 CFL season | 2011 CFL season | 2012 CFL season | 2013 CFL season | 2014 CFL season | 2015 CFL season | 2016 CFL season

text: 2010 CFL season

text: 2011 CFL season

text: 2012 CFL season

text: 2013 CFL season

text: 2014 CFL season

text: 2015 CFL season

text: 2016 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cfl is a football league

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2015 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2015 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It has the same amount of daylight

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2015 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth rotates on its axis

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2015 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2015 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 2010 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2015 CFL season | 2016 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2015 CFL season | 2016 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 2010 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 2010 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2010 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2016

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2010 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2015 CFL season | 2016 CFL season

text: Uranus, tipped on its side, is postulated to have seasonal effects far stronger than on Earth. Similarly, Mars is postulated to have varied its axial tilt over eons, and to a far greater extent than on Earth. This is hypothesized to have dramatically altered not only seasons but climates on Mars, for which some evidence has been observed. Venus has negligible tilt, eliminating seasons, and a slow, retrograde rotation, causing different diurnal effects than on Earth and Mars.

text: Uranus,

text: tipped

text: on its side, is postulated to have

text: seasonal effects

text: far stronger than on Earth. Similarly, Mars is postulated to have varied its

text: axial tilt

text: over eons, and to a far greater extent than on Earth. This is hypothesized to have dramatically altered not only seasons but climates on Mars, for which some evidence has been observed. Venus has negligible tilt, eliminating seasons, and a slow, retrograde rotation, causing different diurnal effects than on Earth and Mars.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: tipped on its side

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Venus

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Mars has negligible tilt, eliminating seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: diurnal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: varied its axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Venus

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Venus

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal effects far stronger than on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: diurnal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Venus

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Earth.

text: Significantly, it also carried Verner Suomi's flat-plate radiometer, improved with the help of Robert Parent, that took the first Earth radiation budget measurements from space and initiated the era of satellite studies of the climate. Using both satellite observations of the Earth's heat balance and atmospheric cooling rates measured by net flux radiosondes, Suomi established the important role played by clouds in absorbing radiated solar energy.  These observations established that Earth’s energy budget varies markedly due to the effect of clouds, the surface albedo, and other absorbing constituents.  Using these instruments, Suomi and his team discovered that the Earth absorbed more of the Sun's energy than originally thought and demonstrated that it was possible to measure and quantify seasonal changes in the global heat budget.

text: Significantly, it also carried

text: Verner Suomi

text: 's flat-plate

text: radiometer

text: , improved with the help of

text: Robert Parent

text: , that took the first

text: Earth radiation budget

text: measurements from

text: space

text: and initiated the era of

text: satellite

text: studies of the

text: climate

text: . Using both satellite observations of the Earth's heat balance and

text: atmospheric

text: cooling rates measured by net flux radiosondes, Suomi established the important role played by clouds in absorbing radiated solar energy.  These observations established that Earth’s energy budget varies markedly due to the effect of clouds, the surface albedo, and other absorbing constituents.  Using these instruments, Suomi and his team discovered that the Earth absorbed more of the Sun's energy than originally thought and demonstrated that it was possible to measure and quantify seasonal changes in the global heat budget.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Earth absorbed more of the Sun's energy than originally thought

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: global heat budget

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seasonal changes in the global heat budget

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal changes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasonal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: clouds in absorbing radiated solar energy.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasonal

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasonal changes in the global heat budget.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: clouds, the surface albedo,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: clouds

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seasonal changes in the global heat budget.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal changes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasonal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Verner Suomi's flat-plate radiometer,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Verner Suomi's flat-plate radiometer,

text: The distribution of solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere is determined by Earth's sphericity and orbital parameters. This applies to any unidirectional beam incident to a rotating sphere. Insolation is essential for numerical weather prediction and understanding seasons and climate change. Application to ice ages is known as Milankovitch cycles.

text: The distribution of solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere is determined by Earth's sphericity and orbital parameters. This applies to any unidirectional beam incident to a rotating sphere. Insolation is essential for

text: numerical weather prediction

text: and understanding

text: seasons

text: and

text: climate change

text: . Application to

text: ice ages

text: is known as

text: Milankovitch cycles

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Insolation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: top of the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasons and climate change

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Milankovitch cycle

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Insolation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: ice ages is known as Milankovitch cycles.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Insolation is essential for numerical weather prediction and understanding seasons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: ice ages is known as Milankovitch cycles.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: top of the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The distribution of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Milankovitch cycles.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth's sphericity and orbital parameters.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Milankovitch cycles.

text: "Equinox" is a two-part episode of the science fiction television series Star Trek: Voyager, the cliffhanger between the fifth and sixth seasons.

text: "Equinox" is a two-part episode of the

text: science fiction

text: television series

text: Star Trek: Voyager

text: , the

text: cliffhanger

text: between the

text: fifth

text: and

text: sixth seasons

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cliffhanger

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is a two-part episode

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cliffhanger

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the cliffhanger between the fifth and sixth seasons.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Star Trek: Voyager,

text: The seasons were not viewed by Greeks as dividing the year into four even blocks but rather spring and autumn were shorter tail sections of the overarching seasons, summer and winter. The divisions could be formalised by using star risings or settings in relation to the equinoxes: for instance, winter is defined in one medical text as the period between the setting of the Pleiades and the spring.

text: The

text: season

text: s were not viewed by Greeks as dividing the year into four even blocks but rather spring and autumn were shorter tail sections of the overarching seasons, summer and winter. The divisions could be formalised by using star risings or settings in relation to the

text: equinox

text: es: for instance, winter is defined in one medical text as the period between the setting of the

text: Pleiades

text: and the spring.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: spring and autumn were shorter tail sections of the overarching seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the setting of the Pleiades

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The divisions could be formalised by using star risings

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: star risings or settings in relation to the equinoxes:

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes:

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring and autumn

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes:

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the period between the setting of the Pleiades and the spring.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The divisions could be formalised by using star risings or settings

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes:

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: star risings or settings in relation to the equinoxes:

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn

text: Although the solar corona is a source of extreme ultraviolet and X-ray radiation, these rays make up only a very small amount of the power output of the Sun (see spectrum at right). The spectrum of nearly all solar electromagnetic radiation striking the Earth's atmosphere spans a range of 100 nm to about 1 mm (1,000,000 nm). This band of significant radiation power can be divided into five regions in increasing order of wavelengths:

text: Although the solar

text: corona

text: is a source of

text: extreme ultraviolet

text: and X-ray radiation, these rays make up only a very small amount of the power output of the Sun (see spectrum at right). The spectrum of nearly all solar

text: electromagnetic radiation

text: striking the

text: Earth's atmosphere

text: spans a range of 100

text: nm

text: to about 1

text: mm

text: (1,000,000 nm). This band of significant radiation power can be divided into five regions in increasing order of

text: wavelength

text: s:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solar corona

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth's atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this band of significant radiation power can be divided into five regions

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a source of extreme ultraviolet and X-ray radiation,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: extreme ultraviolet

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: ultraviolet and X-ray radiation,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: solar corona

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: ultraviolet and X-ray radiation,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a very small amount of the power output of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1 mm

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: ultraviolet and X-ray radiation,

text: Compared to axial tilt, other factors contribute little to seasonal temperature changes. The seasons are not the result of the variation in Earth's distance to the sun because of its elliptical orbit. In fact, Earth reaches perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the Sun) in January, and it reaches aphelion (farthest point from the Sun) in July, so the slight contribution of orbital eccentricity opposes the temperature trends of the seasons in the northern hemisphere. In general, the effect of orbital eccentricity on Earth's seasons is a 7% variation in sunlight received.

text: Compared to axial tilt, other factors contribute little to seasonal temperature changes. The seasons are not the result of the variation in Earth's distance to the sun because of its elliptical orbit. In fact, Earth reaches

text: perihelion

text: (the point in its orbit closest to the Sun) in January, and it reaches

text: aphelion

text: (farthest point from the Sun) in July, so the slight contribution of orbital eccentricity opposes the temperature trends of the seasons in the northern hemisphere. In general, the effect of orbital eccentricity on Earth's seasons is a 7% variation in sunlight received.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the result of the variation in Earth's distance to the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: perihelion (the point in its orbit closest to the Sun) in January

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: not the result of the variation in Earth's distance to the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: aphelion (farthest point from the Sun) in July,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: January,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: January,

text: According to Bridges, recent research from industrialized countries (including Finland, Sweden, Australia, New Zealand, England, and Wales) has provided enough information to show a decrease in seasonal effects on suicide rates over the past few decades.  In the case of Greece, seasonal variations in mortality from suicide are “more frequent during the spring and summer months…but [have] no regular annual rhythm”. The Greek researchers proposed that "the seasonal variation of suicide follows more closely to the seasonal variation of sunshine, rather than the corresponding variation of temperature".  Few scientific assessments have focused on seasonal suicide Epidemiology of suicide variations in the southern hemisphere. Studies in Brazil have shown that "the peak number of suicides occurred in spring (November) in men and women of Rio Grande do Sul state and in men of Paraná and Santa Catarina states, and in early summer (January) for women of Paraná state." One international study on seasonal effects on suicide rates involving 20 countries showed an early summer peak in suicides. She concluded that “seasonal variation in suicide incidence could be explained by the increase in sunshine in summer months because of a relationship between sunshine, high temperatures, and suicide rate”.  Australian researchers found a “spring peak in the number of suicides committed in Brisbane, Australia, but the results were not statistically significant…and that Dublin reported the incidence of suicide varied according to seasons in the northern hemisphere”.

text: According to Bridges, recent research from industrialized countries (including

text: Finland

text: Sweden

text: Australia

text: New Zealand

text: England

text: , and

text: Wales

text: ) has provided enough information to show a decrease in seasonal effects on suicide rates over the past few decades.  In the case of

text: Greece

text: , seasonal variations in mortality from suicide are “more frequent during the spring and summer months…but [have] no regular annual rhythm”. The Greek researchers proposed that "the seasonal variation of suicide follows more closely to the seasonal variation of

text: sunshine

text: , rather than the corresponding variation of temperature".  Few scientific assessments have focused on seasonal suicide

text: Epidemiology of suicide

text: variations in the southern hemisphere. Studies in

text: Brazil

text: have shown that "the peak number of suicides occurred in spring (November) in men and women of

text: Rio Grande do Sul

text: state and in men of

text: Paraná

text: and

text: Santa Catarina

text: states, and in early summer (January) for women of Paraná state." One international study on seasonal effects on suicide rates involving 20 countries showed an early summer peak in suicides. She concluded that “seasonal variation in suicide incidence could be explained by the increase in sunshine in summer months because of a relationship between sunshine, high temperatures, and suicide rate”.  Australian researchers found a “spring peak in the number of suicides committed in

text: Brisbane

text: , Australia, but the results were not statistically significant…and that

text: Dublin

text: reported the incidence of suicide varied according to seasons in the northern hemisphere”.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal variation of sunshine, rather than the corresponding variation of temperature

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no regular annual rhythm

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no regular annual rhythm

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: sunshine, high temperatures, and suicide rate”.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sunshine,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "the seasonal variation of suicide follows more closely to the seasonal variation of sunshine,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Greece,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: (November)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no regular annual rhythm”.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: annual rhythm”.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the incidence of suicide varied according to seasons in the northern hemisphere”.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: (November)

text: The contemporary Wheel of the Year is somewhat of a modern innovation. Many historical pagan traditions celebrated various equinoxes, solstices, and the days approximately midway between them (termed cross-quarter days) for their seasonal and agricultural significances. But none were known to have held all eight above all other annual, sacred times. The modern understanding of the Wheel is a result of the cross-cultural awareness that began developing by the time of Modern Europe.

text: The contemporary Wheel of the Year is somewhat of a modern innovation. Many historical pagan traditions celebrated various

text: equinox

text: es,

text: solstice

text: s, and the days approximately midway between them (termed cross-quarter days) for their seasonal and agricultural significances. But none were known to have held all eight above all other annual, sacred times. The modern understanding of the Wheel is a result of the cross-cultural awareness that began developing by the time of

text: Modern

text: Europe.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: agricultural significances

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the days approximately midway between them

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal and agricultural significances

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: agricultural significances.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Modern Europe.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Many historical pagan traditions celebrated various equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Many historical pagan traditions celebrated various equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: equinoxes,

text: Currently, perihelion occurs during the southern hemisphere's summer. This means that solar radiation due to (1) axial tilt aiming the southern hemisphere toward the Sun and (2) the Earth's proximity to the sun, both reach maximum during the summer and both reach minimum during the winter. Their effects on heating are additive, which means that the southern hemisphere's seasons are relatively more extreme. In the northern hemisphere, these two factors reach maximum at opposite times of the year: The north is tilted toward the Sun when the Earth is furthest from the Sun. The two forces work in opposite directions, resulting in less extreme seasons.

text: Currently, perihelion occurs during the southern hemisphere's summer. This means that solar radiation due to (1) axial tilt aiming the southern hemisphere toward the Sun and (2) the Earth's proximity to the sun, both reach maximum during the summer and both reach minimum during the winter. Their effects on heating are additive, which means that the southern hemisphere's seasons are relatively more extreme. In the northern hemisphere, these two factors reach maximum at opposite times of the year: The north is tilted toward the Sun when the Earth is furthest from the Sun. The two forces work in opposite directions, resulting in less extreme seasons.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the southern hemisphere's seasons are relatively more extreme

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: both reach minimum

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: less extreme seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the southern hemisphere's seasons are relatively more extreme.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere's

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: both reach minimum

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: perihelion occurs during the southern hemisphere's summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt aiming the southern hemisphere toward the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: perihelion occurs during the southern hemisphere's summer.

text: Subtropical cyclones form in a wide band of latitude, mainly south of the 50th parallel in the northern hemisphere.  Due to the increased frequency of cyclones which cut off from the main belt of the westerlies during the summer and fall, subtropical cyclones are significantly more frequent across the North Atlantic than the northwestern Pacific Ocean.  In the eastern half of the north Pacific Ocean and north Indian Ocean, the older subtropical cyclone definition term is still used, which requires a weak circulation forming underneath a mid to upper-tropospheric low which has cut off from the main belt of the westerlies during the cold season (winter).  In the case of the north Indian Ocean, the formation of this type of vortex leads to the onset of monsoon rains during the wet season. In the southern hemisphere, subtropical cyclones are regularly observed across southern portions of the Mozambique Channel.

text: Subtropical cyclones form in a wide band of

text: latitude

text: , mainly south of the 50th parallel in the

text: northern hemisphere

text: .  Due to the increased frequency of cyclones which cut off from the main belt of the westerlies during the summer and fall, subtropical cyclones are significantly more frequent across the North Atlantic than the northwestern Pacific Ocean.  In the eastern half of the north Pacific Ocean and north Indian Ocean, the older subtropical cyclone definition term is still used, which requires a weak circulation forming underneath a

text: mid to upper-tropospheric low

text: which has cut off from the main belt of the westerlies during the cold season (

text: winter

text: ).  In the case of the north Indian Ocean, the formation of this type of vortex leads to the onset of

text: monsoon

text: rains during the

text: wet season

text: . In the

text: southern hemisphere

text: , subtropical cyclones are regularly observed across southern portions of the

text: Mozambique Channel

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cyclones which cut off from the main belt of the westerlies during the summer and fall

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cold season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: parallel

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cold season (winter).

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Subtropical cyclones

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: cyclones which cut off from the main belt of the westerlies

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mozambique Channel.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 50th parallel in the northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cold season (winter).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 50th parallel

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 50th parallel

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 50th parallel in the northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 50th parallel in the northern hemisphere.

text: Sporadic E (Es) propagation can be observed on HF and VHF bands.  It must not be confused with ordinary HF E-layer propagation. Sporadic-E at mid-latitudes occurs mostly during summer season, from May to August in the northern hemisphere and from November to February in the southern hemisphere. There is no single cause for this mysterious propagation mode. The reflection takes place in a thin sheet of ionisation around 90 km height. The ionisation patches drift westwards at speeds of few hundred km per hour. There is a weak periodicity noted during the season and typically Es is observed on 1 to 3 successive days and remains absent for a few days to reoccur again. Es do not occur during small hours; the events usually begin at dawn, and there is a peak in the afternoon and a second peak in the evening. Es propagation is usually gone by local midnight.

text: Sporadic E

text: (Es) propagation can be observed on HF and VHF bands.  It must not be confused with ordinary HF E-layer propagation. Sporadic-E at mid-latitudes occurs mostly during summer season, from May to August in the northern hemisphere and from November to February in the southern hemisphere. There is no single cause for this mysterious propagation mode. The reflection takes place in a thin sheet of ionisation around 90 km height. The ionisation patches drift westwards at speeds of few hundred km per hour. There is a weak periodicity noted during the season and typically Es is observed on 1 to 3 successive days and remains absent for a few days to reoccur again. Es do not occur during small hours; the events usually begin at dawn, and there is a peak in the afternoon and a second peak in the evening. Es propagation is usually gone by local midnight.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: There is no single cause

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: midnight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: There is no single cause

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Sporadic-E at mid-latitudes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Es do not occur during small hours;

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: summer season, from May to August in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November to February

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Es do not occur during small hours; the events usually begin at dawn,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: midnight.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: November to February in the southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November to February

text: The Long-toed Stint breeds in Siberia during the Northern Hemisphere summer. Little is known of its breeding habits but its breeding range includes the Chukchi Peninsula, the Koryak Plateau, the Commander Islands, the Kuril Islands, land bordering the Sea of Okhotsk, north Verkhoyansky District and around the Ob River and the Irtysh River. After the breeding season it migrates southwards passing through China, Indochina, Malaysia and the Philippines and westwards to Burma, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Maldive Islands. It is a visitor to New Guinea and Australia and a vagrant to Sweden, South Africa, Melanesia, Hawaii, the northwestern USA and the vicinity of the Bering Sea. In its over-wintering range it visits a variety of wetland habitats including shallow freshwater or brackish areas, lakes, swamps, floodplains, marshes, lagoons, muddy shores and sewage ponds.

text: The Long-toed Stint breeds in Siberia during the Northern Hemisphere summer. Little is known of its breeding habits but its breeding range includes the

text: Chukchi Peninsula

text: , the

text: Koryak Plateau

text: , the

text: Commander Islands

text: , the

text: Kuril Islands

text: , land bordering the

text: Sea of Okhotsk

text: , north

text: Verkhoyansky District

text: and around the

text: Ob River

text: and the

text: Irtysh River

text: . After the breeding season it migrates southwards passing through China, Indochina, Malaysia and the Philippines and westwards to Burma, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Maldive Islands. It is a visitor to New Guinea and Australia and a

text: vagrant

text: to Sweden, South Africa, Melanesia, Hawaii, the northwestern USA and the vicinity of the Bering Sea. In its over-wintering range it visits a variety of wetland habitats including shallow freshwater or brackish areas, lakes, swamps, floodplains, marshes, lagoons, muddy shores and sewage ponds.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It does not say

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Hawaii

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: wintering

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Little is known of its breeding habits

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Northern Hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Chukchi Peninsula, the Koryak Plateau,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer.

text: Live green plants absorb solar radiation in the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) spectral region, which they use as a source of energy in the process of photosynthesis. Leaf cells have also evolved to re-emit solar radiation in the near-infrared spectral region (which carries approximately half of the total incoming solar energy), because the photon energy at wavelengths longer than about 700 nanometers is not large enough to synthesize organic molecules. A strong absorption at these wavelengths would only result in overheating the plant and possibly damaging the tissues. Hence, live green plants appear relatively dark in the PAR and relatively bright in the near-infrared. By contrast, clouds and snow tend to be rather bright in the red (as well as other visible wavelengths) and quite dark in the near-infrared.The pigment in plant leaves, chlorophyll, strongly absorbs visible light (from 0.4 to 0.7 µm) for use in photosynthesis. The cell structure of the leaves, on the other hand, strongly reflects near-infrared light (from 0.7 to 1.1 µm). The more leaves a plant has, the more these wavelengths of light are affected, respectively.Since early instruments of Earth Observation, such as NASA's ERTS and NOAA's AVHRR, acquired data in visible and near-infrared, it was natural to exploit the strong differences in plant reflectance to determine their spatial distribution in these satellite images.

text: Live green plants absorb solar radiation in the

text: photosynthetically active radiation

text: (PAR) spectral region, which they use as a source of energy in the process of

text: photosynthesis

text: . Leaf cells have also evolved to re-emit solar radiation in the near-infrared spectral region (which carries approximately half of the total incoming solar energy), because the photon energy at wavelengths longer than about 700 nanometers is not large enough to synthesize organic molecules. A strong absorption at these wavelengths would only result in overheating the plant and possibly damaging the tissues. Hence, live green plants appear relatively dark in the PAR and relatively bright in the near-infrared. By contrast, clouds and snow tend to be rather bright in the red (as well as other visible wavelengths) and quite dark in the near-infrared.The pigment in plant leaves, chlorophyll, strongly absorbs visible light (from 0.4 to 0.7 µm) for use in photosynthesis. The cell structure of the leaves, on the other hand, strongly reflects near-infrared light (from 0.7 to 1.1 µm). The more leaves a plant has, the more these wavelengths of light are affected, respectively.Since early instruments of Earth Observation, such as

text: NASA

text: 's ERTS and

entity_name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

text: NOAA

text: 's AVHRR, acquired data in visible and near-infrared, it was natural to exploit the strong differences in plant reflectance to determine their spatial distribution in these satellite images.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: near-infrared

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: bright in the red

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a source of energy in the process of photosynthesis.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: bright in the red

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Live green plants absorb solar radiation in the photosynthetically active radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: clouds and snow

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: near-infrared

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: snow

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: bright in the red

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) spectral region,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Live green plants absorb solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: (PAR) spectral region,

text: On the fifth season of Dancing with the Stars, Ballas was partnered with Cheetah Girls star Sabrina Bryan. On October 30, 2007, the pair was voted off the show. They have been the only couple invited back for an exhibition dance. Ballas's partner for season 6 of Dancing With The Stars was Olympic Gold Medal-winning figure skater Kristi Yamaguchi. They won the series. On August 25, 2008, ABC announced the cast of the seventh season of Dancing with the Stars, with Ballas paired with reality television star Kim Kardashian. They were the third couple eliminated, finishing in eleventh place, on September 30, 2008. For the eighth season of Dancing with the Stars, Ballas was paired with Olympic gold-medal winning gymnast Shawn Johnson, winning that season's competition on May 19, 2009. He was partnered with actress Melissa Joan Hart for the show's ninth season. They were voted off in week six and came in 9th place. For season 10, Ballas was partnered with actress Shannen Doherty. They were the first couple eliminated, on March 30, 2010. Despite that, Shannen & Mark hold a higher average than a few celebrities who lasted longer than they did. For season 11, Ballas was partnered with Bristol Palin, daughter of former Alaska governor and U.S. Vice Presidential candidate Sarah Palin. They made it to the finale and finished in third place. For season 12, Ballas was partnered with Disney Channel star Chelsea Kane. They made it to the finals where they finished in third place. For season 13, Ballas was partnered with reality star Kristin Cavallari where they were the 3rd couple eliminated finishing in 10th place. For season 14, he was partnered with Classical Singer Katherine Jenkins. They made it to the finale where they finished as the runners-up, losing to Donald Driver & Peta Murgatroyd. For season 15, he returned with season 11 partner, Bristol Palin. In week 7, he danced with former partner Shawn Johnson because her partner, Derek Hough suffered a neck injury. He was paired with two-time Olympic champion  Aly Raisman for season 16. Since season 16 had four couples reach the finals for the first time, Aly and Mark were able to become finalists. On May 21, however, they were eliminated at the beginning of the show landing them in fourth place. For season 17, he was paired with singer Christina Milian. They were the 4th couple eliminated despite receiving high scores and good comments from the judges. For season 18, he partnered with Full House actress Candace Cameron Bure. The couple made it to the finals and ended in third place. For season 19, he partnered with Duck Dynasty star Sadie Robertson and finished in 2nd place behind Alfonso Ribeiro. For season 20, he was paired with star of The Hunger Games film series Willow Shields. The couple was shockingly eliminated in week 7, finishing in seventh place despite receiving high scores throughout the season. For season 21, he was partnered with actress Alexa PenaVega. They were eliminated in week 9 (despite being at the top of the leaderboard that week) and finished the competition in 6th place. For season 22, he was paired with UFC mixed martial artist Paige VanZant. Ballas and VanZant made it to the finals of the show and finished in second place.Ballas is not part of the season 23 cast.

text: On the fifth season of

text: Dancing with the Stars

text: , Ballas was partnered with

text: Cheetah Girls

text: star

text: Sabrina Bryan

text: . On October 30, 2007, the pair was voted off the show. They have been the only couple invited back for an exhibition dance. Ballas's partner for

text: season 6 of Dancing With The Stars

text: was Olympic Gold Medal-winning figure skater

text: Kristi Yamaguchi

text: . They won the series. On August 25, 2008, ABC announced the cast of the

text: seventh season of Dancing with the Stars

text: , with Ballas paired with reality television star

text: Kim Kardashian

text: . They were the third couple eliminated, finishing in eleventh place, on September 30, 2008. For the

text: eighth season of Dancing with the Stars

text: , Ballas was paired with Olympic gold-medal winning gymnast

text: Shawn Johnson

text: , winning that season's competition on May 19, 2009. He was partnered with actress

text: Melissa Joan Hart

text: for

text: the show's ninth season

text: . They were voted off in week six and came in 9th place. For

text: season 10

text: , Ballas was partnered with actress

text: Shannen Doherty

text: . They were the first couple eliminated, on March 30, 2010. Despite that, Shannen & Mark hold a higher average than a few celebrities who lasted longer than they did. For

text: season 11

text: , Ballas was partnered with

text: Bristol Palin

text: , daughter of former Alaska governor and U.S. Vice Presidential candidate

text: Sarah Palin

text: . They made it to the finale and finished in third place. For

text: season 12

text: , Ballas was partnered with

text: Disney Channel

text: star

text: Chelsea Kane

text: . They made it to the finals where they finished in third place. For

text: season 13

text: , Ballas was partnered with reality star

text: Kristin Cavallari

text: where they were the 3rd couple eliminated finishing in 10th place. For

text: season 14

text: , he was partnered with Classical Singer

text: Katherine Jenkins

text: . They made it to the finale where they finished as the runners-up, losing to

text: Donald Driver

text: Peta Murgatroyd

text: . For

text: season 15

text: , he returned with season 11 partner,

text: Bristol Palin

text: . In week 7, he danced with former partner

text: Shawn Johnson

text: because her partner, Derek Hough suffered a neck injury. He was paired with two-time Olympic champion

text: Aly Raisman

text: for

text: season 16

text: . Since season 16 had four couples reach the finals for the first time, Aly and Mark were able to become finalists. On May 21, however, they were eliminated at the beginning of the show landing them in fourth place. For

text: season 17

text: , he was paired with singer

text: Christina Milian

text: . They were the 4th couple eliminated despite receiving high scores and good comments from the judges. For

text: season 18

text: , he partnered with

text: Full House

text: actress

text: Candace Cameron Bure

text: . The couple made it to the finals and ended in third place. For

text: season 19

text: , he partnered with

text: Duck Dynasty

text: star

text: Sadie Robertson

text: and finished in 2nd place behind

text: Alfonso Ribeiro

text: . For

text: season 20

text: , he was paired with star of

text: The Hunger Games

text: film series

text: Willow Shields

text: . The couple was shockingly eliminated in week 7, finishing in seventh place despite receiving high scores throughout the season. For

text: season 21

text: , he was partnered with actress

text: Alexa PenaVega

text: . They were eliminated in week 9 (despite being at the top of the leaderboard that week) and finished the competition in 6th place. For

text: season 22

text: , he was paired with

text: UFC

text: mixed martial artist

text: Paige VanZant

text: . Ballas and VanZant made it to the finals of the show and finished in second place.Ballas is not part of the season 23 cast.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Ballas was partnered with Cheetah Girls star Sabrina Bryan

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Polaris

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: longer nights

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Alaska

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: time of day

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earth's axis of rotation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Derek Hough suffered a neck injury.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Chelsea Kane.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Shannen & Mark

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Alaska

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Alaska

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March 30, 2010.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: season 16 had four couples reach the final

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Shannen & Mark

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: two

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Shannen & Mark

text: When these two processes are put together, they cause the solstices and equinoxes to effectively move around the earth’s orbital path to change how much solar irradiation the hemispheres get during any given season. For details and other subtle effects on the motion, see Precession of the equinoxes

text: When these two processes are put together, they cause the solstices and equinoxes to effectively move around the earth’s orbital path to change how much solar irradiation the hemispheres get during any given season. For details and other subtle effects on the motion, see

text: Precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the hemispheres get during any given season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: change how much solar irradiation the hemispheres get during any given season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: when is the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: change how much solar irradiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: how much solar irradiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: to effectively move around the earth’s orbital path

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Precession of the equinoxes

text: The Sumgayit FK 2016-17 season is Sumgayit's sixth Azerbaijan Premier League season, and seventh season in their history. It is their first full season with Samir Abbasov as manager, during which they will participate in the Azerbaijan Cup as well as the League.

text: The

text: Sumgayit FK

text: 2016-17 season is Sumgayit's sixth

text: Azerbaijan Premier League

text: season, and seventh season in their history. It is their first full season with

text: Samir Abbasov

text: as manager, during which they will participate in the

text: Azerbaijan Cup

text: as well as the

text: League

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seventh season in their history

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: It is their first full season with Samir Abbasov as manager,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Azerbaijan Cup

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Azerbaijan Cup as well as the League.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Azerbaijan Cup as well as the League.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Azerbaijan Cup as well as the League.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Azerbaijan Cup as well as the League.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seventh season in their history.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seventh season in their history.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: seventh season in their history.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Sumgayit FK

text: Braga and Berman created the season long Xindi story-arc which began with the second-season finale, "The Expanse" and ran throughout the third season until it was resolved in the episode "Zero Hour". It opened with an attack on Earth by a mysterious space probe which killed seven million people in Florida. As a result, the Enterprise is re-directed to the unexplored Delphic Expanse to find the Xindi and stop a further attack which will destroy Earth. Although certain elements such as the success of the mission against the Xindi were preplanned, others such as the details of the actual enemy race were not. At the time of the initial development, Berman and Braga weren't sure if the storyline would last for a whole season or for just half a season.

text: Braga and Berman created the season long Xindi story-arc which began with the second-season finale, "

text: The Expanse

text: " and ran throughout the third season until it was resolved in the episode "

text: Zero Hour

text: ". It opened with an attack on Earth by a mysterious space probe which killed seven million people in Florida. As a result, the Enterprise is re-directed to the unexplored

text: Delphic Expanse

text: to find the Xindi and stop a further attack which will destroy Earth. Although certain elements such as the success of the mission against the Xindi were preplanned, others such as the details of the actual enemy race were not. At the time of the initial development, Berman and Braga weren't sure if the storyline would last for a whole season or for just half a season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: At the time of the initial development, Berman and Braga weren't sure

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Zero Hour

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Florida

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Zero Hour

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: was resolved in the episode "Zero Hour

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Zero Hour

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: preplanned, others such as the details of the actual enemy race were not.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Zero Hour".

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: third season until it was resolved in the episode "Zero Hour".

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Delphic Expanse

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Florida.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seven million people in Florida.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: preplanned,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "Zero Hour".

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: third season until it was resolved in the episode "Zero Hour".

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Earth

text: Another agent is the buoyant convective upward motion caused by significant daytime solar heating at surface level, or by relatively high absolute humidity.  Incoming short-wave radiation generated by the sun is re-emitted as long-wave radiation when it reaches Earth's surface. This process warms the air closest to ground and increases air mass instability by creating a steeper temperature gradient from warm or hot at surface level to cold aloft.  This causes it to rise and cool until temperature equilibrium is achieved with the surrounding air aloft.  Moderate instability allows for the formation of cumuliform clouds of moderate size that can produce light showers if the airmass is sufficiently moist. Typical convection upcurrents may allow the droplets to grow to a radius of about  before precipitating as showers. The equivalent diameter of these droplets is about .

text: Another agent is the buoyant convective upward motion caused by significant daytime solar heating at surface level, or by relatively high absolute humidity.  Incoming short-wave radiation generated by the sun is re-emitted as long-wave radiation when it reaches Earth's surface. This process warms the air closest to ground and increases air mass instability by creating a steeper temperature

text: gradient

text: from warm or hot at surface level to cold aloft.  This causes it to rise and cool until temperature equilibrium is achieved with the surrounding air aloft.  Moderate instability allows for the formation of cumuliform clouds of moderate size that can produce light showers if the airmass is sufficiently moist. Typical

text: convection

text: upcurrents may allow the droplets to grow to a radius of about  before

text: precipitating

text: as showers. The equivalent diameter of these droplets is about .

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: significant daytime solar heating at surface level, or by relatively high absolute humidity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface level

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: This causes it to rise and cool until temperature equilibrium is achieved

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: temperature equilibrium

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: significant daytime solar heating at surface level,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: buoyant convective upward motion caused by significant daytime solar heating

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: daytime solar heating

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: relatively high absolute humidity.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface level,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cold aloft.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: daytime solar heating

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daytime

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Another agent is the buoyant convective upward motion

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: daytime solar heating at surface level, or by relatively high absolute humidity.

text: The Route of Ages brought a lot of strange spatial and temporal anomalies to the Seefra system in Season 5, like a possible-future version of Dylan Hunt, or vast amounts of solar radiation to reignite the legendary Methus Suns. The Route of Ages appears as a blue outline of a hypercube, spinning, changing, and morphing.

text: The Route of Ages brought a lot of strange spatial and temporal

text: anomalies

text: to the Seefra system in Season 5, like a possible-future version of Dylan Hunt, or vast amounts of solar radiation to reignite the legendary

text: Methus

text: Suns. The Route of Ages appears as a blue outline of a

text: hypercube

text: , spinning, changing, and morphing.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: strange spatial and temporal anomalies to the Seefra system

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Methus Suns

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the Seefra system

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: vast amounts of solar radiation to reignite the legendary Methus Suns.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Methus Suns.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 5,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Seefra

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Methus Suns.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 5,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 5,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 5,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 5,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 5,

text: Kepler's second law says that a body in orbit traces equal areas over time; its orbital velocity increases around perihelion and decreases around aphelion. This means that the lengths of the seasons vary; orbital mechanics states that they are proportional to the areas of the seasonal quadrants. When the Earth's orbit is most eccentric, the Earth's orbital motion and the lengths of the seasons vary the most.

text: Kepler's second law

text: says that a body in orbit traces equal areas over time; its orbital velocity increases around perihelion and decreases around aphelion. This means that the lengths of the seasons vary; orbital mechanics states that they are proportional to the areas of the seasonal quadrants. When the Earth's orbit is most eccentric, the Earth's orbital motion and the lengths of the seasons vary the most.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: orbital velocity increases around perihelion and decreases around aphelion

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: aphelion

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Earth's orbital motion and the lengths of the seasons vary the most

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: when the Earth's orbit is most eccentric

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: proportional to the areas of the seasonal quadrants.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the lengths of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: perihelion and decreases around aphelion.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: perihelion and decreases around aphelion.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: perihelion and decreases around aphelion.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Kepler's second law

text: In a statement in January 2015, Lindblad surprised the industry by announcing that Orion would be based in Europe for the northern summer from 2016, ceasing Southern Hemisphere winter operations.

text: In a statement in January 2015, Lindblad surprised the industry by announcing that Orion would be based in Europe for the northern summer from 2016, ceasing Southern Hemisphere winter operations.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: northern summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: northern summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Southern Hemisphere winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: northern summer from 2016,

text: On this day the Summer solstice may occur in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Winter solstice may occur in the Southern Hemisphere.

text: On this day the

text: Summer solstice

text: may occur in the Northern Hemisphere, and the

text: Winter solstice

text: may occur in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: may occur in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Summer solstice may occur in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Winter solstice may occur in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Summer solstice may occur in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Summer solstice

text: More evident from high latitudes, a hemisphere's winter solstice occurs on the shortest day and longest night of the year, when the sun's daily maximum elevation in the sky is at its lowest. The winter solstice itself lasts only a moment in time, so other terms are used for the day on which it occurs, such as "midwinter", or the "shortest day".  It is often considered the "extreme of winter" (Dongzhi in the Chinese calendar). In meteorology, winter in the Northern Hemisphere spans the entire period of December through February. The seasonal significance of the winter solstice is in the reversal of the gradual lengthening of nights and shortening of days. The earliest sunset and latest sunrise dates differ from winter solstice, however, and these depend on latitude, due to the variation in the solar day throughout the year caused by the Earth's elliptical orbit (see earliest and latest sunrise and sunset).

text: More evident from

text: high latitudes

text: , a hemisphere's winter

text: solstice

text: occurs on the shortest day and longest night of the year, when the sun's daily maximum elevation in the sky is at its lowest. The winter solstice itself lasts only a moment in time, so other terms are used for the day on which it occurs, such as "midwinter", or the "shortest day".  It is often considered the "extreme of winter" (

text: Dongzhi

text: in the Chinese calendar). In

text: meteorology

text: , winter in the Northern Hemisphere spans the entire period of December through February. The seasonal significance of the winter solstice is in the reversal of the gradual lengthening of nights and shortening of days. The earliest sunset and latest sunrise dates differ from winter solstice, however, and these depend on latitude, due to the variation in the solar day throughout the year caused by the Earth's elliptical orbit (see

text: earliest and latest sunrise and sunset

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's elliptical orbit

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the sun's daily maximum elevation in the sky is at its lowest

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the earliest sunset and latest sunrise dates differ from winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: gradual lengthening of nights and shortening of days.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: lengthening of nights and shortening of days.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: high latitudes,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: high latitudes,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: shortest day and longest night of the year,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: these depend on latitude,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter solstice

text: Factors such as hypoxia and infection, or stress and malnutrition in the mother during fetal development, may result in a slight increase in the risk of schizophrenia later in life. People diagnosed with schizophrenia are more likely to have been born in winter or spring (at least in the northern hemisphere), which may be a result of increased rates of viral exposures in utero. The increased risk is about five to eight percent. Other infections during pregnancy or around the time of birth that may increase the risk include Toxoplasma gondi and Chlamydia.

text: Factors such as hypoxia and infection, or stress and malnutrition in the mother during

text: fetal development

text: , may result in a slight increase in the risk of schizophrenia later in life. People diagnosed with schizophrenia are more likely to have been born in winter or spring (at least in the

text: northern hemisphere

text: ), which may be a result of increased rates of viral exposures

text: in utero

text: . The increased risk is about five to eight percent. Other infections during pregnancy or around the time of birth that may increase the risk include

text: Toxoplasma gondi

text: and

text: Chlamydia

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: viral exposures in utero

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter or spring

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: increased rates of viral exposures in utero.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter or spring

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern hemisphere),

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere),

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: People diagnosed with schizophrenia are more likely to have been born in winter or spring

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter or spring

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter or spring

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: People diagnosed with schizophrenia are more likely to have been born in winter

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter or spring

text: On Earth, the variation in the lengths of the tropical years is small, but on Mars it is much larger. The northward equinox year is 668.5907 sols, the northern solstice year is 668.5880 sols, the southward equinox year is 668.5940 sols, and the southern solstice year is 668.5958 sols. Averaging over an entire orbital period gives a tropical year of 668.5921 sols. (Since, like Earth, the northern and southern hemispheres of Mars have opposite seasons, equinoxes and solstices must be labelled by hemisphere to remove ambiguity.)

text: On Earth, the variation in the lengths of the tropical years is small, but on Mars it is much larger. The northward equinox year is 668.5907 sols, the northern solstice year is 668.5880 sols, the southward equinox year is 668.5940 sols, and the southern solstice year is 668.5958 sols. Averaging over an entire orbital period gives a tropical year of 668.5921 sols. (Since, like Earth, the northern and southern hemispheres of Mars have opposite seasons, equinoxes and solstices must be labelled by hemisphere to remove ambiguity.)

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the northern and southern hemispheres of Mars have opposite seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 668.5880 sols

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northward equinox year is 668.5907 sols

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the northern and southern hemispheres of Mars have opposite seasons,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northward equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 668.5880 sols,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northward equinox year is 668.5907 sols,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: On Earth,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Earth,

text: Earth’s eccentricity can also play a large role in Earth climate change. The role is perhaps not as large of an impact as Earth’s Obliquity, but still large nonetheless. Eccentricity is defined as the difference in shape between an ellipse and a perfect circle. It is also known by a simpler definition as simply being a measurement of how elliptical something is. In the case of climate, eccentricity is applied to the shape of Earth’s orbit. In a similar fashion to Earth’s obliquity, the more uniform Earth’s orbit is (more like a perfect circle), the less difference there is in climate change throughout the year. Unlike obliquity, eccentricity affects the entire planet approximately the same, instead of primarily changing polar climate. The base idea with eccentricity is this: “How far away is the earth as a whole from the sun?” If there is no eccentricity to Earth’s orbit, then Earth will remain at the same distance from the sun throughout the year, therefore producing no climate change, seeing as how the Earth’s orbit would be perfectly circular around the sun. On the other hand, if Earth’s orbit has a very high eccentricity, Earth would be very close to the sun (compared to a perfectly circular orbit) during two opposite seasons, and very far away from the sun during the other two opposite seasons. This effect can be seen by analyzing any ellipse, and observing how flat or how skinny the ellipse becomes as its eccentricity increases. Mathematically, the eccentricity of an ellipse is given by the following equation:

text: Earth’s eccentricity can also play a large role in Earth climate change. The role is perhaps not as large of an impact as Earth’s Obliquity, but still large nonetheless. Eccentricity is defined as the difference in shape between an

text: ellipse

text: and a perfect circle. It is also known by a simpler definition as simply being a measurement of how elliptical something is. In the case of climate, eccentricity is applied to the shape of Earth’s orbit. In a similar fashion to Earth’s obliquity, the more uniform Earth’s orbit is (more like a perfect circle), the less difference there is in climate change throughout the year. Unlike obliquity, eccentricity affects the entire planet approximately the same, instead of primarily changing polar climate. The base idea with eccentricity is this: “How far away is the earth as a whole from the sun?” If there is no eccentricity to Earth’s orbit, then Earth will remain at the same distance from the sun throughout the year, therefore producing no climate change, seeing as how the Earth’s orbit would be perfectly circular around the sun. On the other hand, if Earth’s orbit has a very high eccentricity, Earth would be very close to the sun (compared to a perfectly circular orbit) during two opposite seasons, and very far away from the sun during the other two opposite seasons. This effect can be seen by analyzing any ellipse, and observing how flat or how skinny the ellipse becomes as its eccentricity increases. Mathematically, the eccentricity of an ellipse is given by the following equation:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth’s eccentricity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: during the winter, we experience longer days and shorter nights

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth’s obliquity

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth would be very close to the sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth’s eccentricity can also play a large role in Earth climate change

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: obliquity

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: obliquity

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: when is the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: “How far away is the earth as a whole from the sun?”

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: two opposite seasons,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: if Earth’s orbit has a very high eccentricity,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar climate.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar climate.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: very close to the sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth will remain at the same distance from the sun throughout the year,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: two opposite seasons,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: if Earth’s orbit has a very high eccentricity,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: if Earth’s orbit has a very high eccentricity,

text: A team from Miyazaki Prefecture was to join the NBDL for the 2014-15 season to provide an even number of teams in the league, but withdrew in November 2013. TGI D-Rise, the development club of the NBL's Link Tochigi Brex, relocated to Yamagata Prefecture before the start of the season and was renamed as the Passlab Yamagata Wyverns. The Tokyo-based  withdrew to compete in the Kanto corporate league and transferred their NBDL membership to the newly-formed Earth Friends Tokyo Z. The result of the changes was that the second season of the league was again contested by nine teams. The Fighting Eagles again finished the regular season in first place with a 30-2 win-loss record, but fell to the Aisin AW Areions in the semi-final. Second-placed Excellence defeated the Areions in the final to claim their second consecutive championship.

text: A team from

text: Miyazaki Prefecture

text: was to join the NBDL for the 2014-15 season to provide an even number of teams in the league, but withdrew in November 2013.

text: TGI D-Rise

text: , the development club of the NBL's

text: Link Tochigi Brex

text: , relocated to

text: Yamagata Prefecture

text: before the start of the season and was renamed as the

text: Passlab Yamagata Wyverns

text: . The Tokyo-based  withdrew to compete in the Kanto corporate league and transferred their NBDL membership to the newly-formed

text: Earth Friends Tokyo Z

text: . The result of the changes was that the second season of the league was again contested by nine teams. The Fighting Eagles again finished the regular season in first place with a 30-2 win-loss record, but fell to the

text: Aisin AW Areions

text: in the semi-final. Second-placed Excellence defeated the Areions in the final to claim their second consecutive championship.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to provide an even number of teams in the league

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Kanto

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to provide an even number of teams in the league,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Kanto

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2013.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Miyazaki Prefecture

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Kanto

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2013.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: even number of teams in the league,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: even number of teams

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2013.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2013.

text: Due to the precession of the equinoxes (as well as the stars' proper motions), the role of North Star passes from one star to another.

text: Due to the

text: precession of the equinoxes

text: (as well as the stars' proper motions), the role of North Star passes from one star to another.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: North Star

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the North Star passes from one star to another

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it passes from one star to another

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: North Star

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the role of North Star passes from one star to another.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: precession of the equinoxes

text: The Earth and all living things on it are constantly bombarded by radiation from outer space. This radiation primarily consists of positively charged ions from protons to iron and larger nuclei derived sources outside our solar system. This radiation interacts with atoms in the atmosphere to create an air shower of secondary radiation, including X-rays, muons, protons, alpha particles, pions, electrons, and neutrons. The immediate dose from cosmic radiation is largely from muons, neutrons, and electrons, and this dose varies in different parts of the world based largely on the geomagnetic field and altitude. For example, the city of Denver in the United States (at 1650 meters elevation) receives a cosmic ray dose roughly twice that of a location at sea level. This radiation is much more intense in the upper troposphere, around 10 km altitude, and is thus of particular concern for airline crews and frequent passengers, who spend many hours per year in this environment. During their flights airline crews typically get an extra dose on the order of 2.2 mSv (220 mrem) per year.

text: The Earth and all living things on it are constantly bombarded by radiation from outer space. This radiation primarily consists of positively charged ions from

text: proton

text: s to

text: iron

text: and larger

text: nuclei

text: derived sources outside our

text: solar system

text: . This radiation interacts with atoms in the atmosphere to create an

text: air shower

text: of secondary radiation, including

text: X-ray

text: s,

text: muon

text: s,

text: proton

text: s,

text: alpha particle

text: s,

text: pion

text: s,

text: electron

text: s, and

text: neutron

text: s. The immediate dose from cosmic radiation is largely from muons, neutrons, and electrons, and this dose varies in different parts of the world based largely on the

text: geomagnetic field

text: and altitude. For example, the city of

text: Denver

text: in the United States (at 1650 meters elevation) receives a cosmic ray dose roughly twice that of a location at sea level. This radiation is much more intense in the upper

text: troposphere

text: , around 10 km altitude, and is thus of particular concern for

text: airline

text: crews and frequent passengers, who spend many hours per year in this environment. During their flights airline crews typically get an extra dose on the order of 2.2 mSv (220 mrem) per year.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: radiation from outer space

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper troposphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: airline crews typically get an extra dose on the order of 2.2 mSv (220 mrem) per year.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth and all living things on it are constantly bombarded by radiation from outer space

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: constantly bombarded by radiation from outer space.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: upper troposphere,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Earth and all living things on it are constantly bombarded

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Denver

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper troposphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2.2 mSv (220 mrem) per year.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: constantly bombarded by radiation from outer space.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: twice that of a location at sea level.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earth

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Earth and all living things on it are constantly bombarded

text: Sidereal and tropical are astrological terms used to describe two different definitions of a year. They are also used as terms for two systems of ecliptic coordinates used in astrology. Both divide the ecliptic into a number of "signs" named after constellations, but while the sidereal system defines the signs based on the fixed stars, the tropical system defines it based on the position of vernal equinox in the northern hemisphere (i.e., the intersection of the ecliptic with the celestial equator). Because of the precession of the equinoxes, the two systems do not remain fixed relative to each other but drift apart by about 1.4 arc degrees per century. The tropical system was adopted during the Hellenistic period and remains prevalent in Western astrology. A sidereal system is used in Hindu astrology, and in some 20th century systems of Western astrology.

text: Sidereal

text: and

text: tropical

text: are astrological terms used to describe two different definitions of a year. They are also used as terms for two systems of

text: ecliptic coordinates

text: used in

text: astrology

text: . Both divide the

text: ecliptic

text: into a number of "signs" named after

text: constellation

text: s, but while the sidereal system defines the signs based on the

text: fixed star

text: s, the tropical system defines it based on the position of

text: vernal equinox

text: in the northern hemisphere (i.e., the intersection of the ecliptic with the

text: celestial equator

text: ). Because of the

text: precession of the equinoxes

text: , the two systems do not remain fixed relative to each other but drift apart by about 1.4 arc degrees per century. The tropical system was adopted during the Hellenistic period and remains prevalent in

text: Western astrology

text: . A sidereal system is used in

text: Hindu astrology

text: , and in some 20th century systems of

text: Western astrology

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Because of the precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: sidereal

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the two systems do not remain fixed relative to each other but drift apart by about 1.4 arc degrees per century

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: sidereal

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession of the equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Sidereal

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Because of the precession of the equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1.4 arc degrees per century.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox in the northern hemisphere

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on September 10, 1942. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on September 10, 1942. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on September 10, 1942.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: September 10, 1942.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: September 10, 1942.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September 10, 1942.

text: The 2007 mid-year rugby union tests (also known as the Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere) refers to the Rugby union Test matches played during June and May 2007. These are played in the Southern Hemisphere, and include all Tests hosted by Argentina, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa outside of the 2007 Tri-Nations. The Tests are being used by many countries as their last opportunity to prepare for the 2007 Rugby World Cup in France. For Australia, New Zealand and South Africa it is used as preparation for the 2007 Tri-Nations. The only match listed here with a Northern Hemisphere victor was Italy's victory over Uruguay.

text: The 2007 mid-year rugby union tests (also known as the Summer Internationals in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: ) refers to the

text: Rugby union

text: Test match

text: es played during June and May 2007. These are played in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , and include all Tests hosted by

text: Argentina

text: Australia

text: New Zealand

text: and

text: South Africa

text: outside of the

text: 2007 Tri-Nations

text: . The Tests are being used by many countries as their last opportunity to prepare for the

text: 2007 Rugby World Cup

text: in France. For Australia, New Zealand and South Africa it is used as preparation for the 2007 Tri-Nations. The only match listed here with a Northern Hemisphere victor was

text: Italy's

text: victory over

text: Uruguay

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Tests are being used by many countries as their last opportunity to prepare for the 2007 Rugby World Cup

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: their last opportunity to prepare for the 2007 Rugby World Cup in France.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Summer Internationals in the Northern Hemisphere)

text: On Earth, the solar radiation varies with the angle of the sun above the horizon, with longer sunlight duration at high latitudes during summer, varying to no sunlight at all in winter near the pertinent pole. When the direct radiation is not blocked by clouds, it is experienced as sunshine. The warming of the ground (and other objects) depends on the absorption of the electromagnetic radiation in the form of heat.

text: On Earth, the solar radiation varies with the angle of the sun above the

text: horizon

text: , with longer sunlight duration at high latitudes during summer, varying to no sunlight at all in winter near the pertinent pole. When the direct radiation is not blocked by clouds, it is experienced as sunshine. The warming of the ground (and other objects) depends on the

text: absorption of the electromagnetic radiation

text: in the form of

text: heat

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the angle of the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no sunlight

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: high latitudes

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no sunlight at all

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no sunlight at all in winter near the pertinent pole

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the solar radiation varies with the angle of the sun above the horizon,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no sunlight at all in winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: longer sunlight duration at high latitudes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: high latitudes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: high latitudes

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no sunlight at all

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: longer sunlight duration at high latitudes

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the solar radiation varies with the angle of the sun above the horizon,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: On Earth,

text: A solar wind of plasma particles constantly streams outward from the Sun until, at the outermost limit of the Solar System, it reaches the heliopause. As the solar wind passes the Earth, it interacts with the Earth's magnetic field (magnetosphere) and deflects the solar wind, but traps some creating the Van Allen radiation belts that envelop the Earth . The aurora are created when solar wind particles are guided by the magnetic flux lines into the Earth's polar regions where the lines the descend into the atmosphere.

text: A solar wind of plasma particles constantly streams outward from the Sun until, at the outermost limit of the Solar System, it reaches the

text: heliopause

text: . As the solar wind passes the Earth, it interacts with the

text: Earth's magnetic field

text: magnetosphere

text: ) and deflects the solar wind, but traps some creating the

text: Van Allen radiation belt

text: s that envelop the Earth . The

text: aurora

text: are created when solar wind particles are guided by the magnetic flux lines into the Earth's polar regions where the lines the descend into the

text: atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: as the solar wind passes the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: heliopause

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The aurora

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: heliopause.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The aurora

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: A solar wind of plasma particles constantly streams outward from the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: heliopause.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Van Allen radiation belts

text: The Nirayana, or sidereal zodiac, is an imaginary belt of 360 degrees, which, like the Sāyana, or tropical zodiac, is divided into 12 equal parts. Each twelfth part (of 30 degrees) is called a sign or rāśi  (Sanskrit: 'part').  Vedic (Jyotiṣa) and Western zodiacs differ in the method of measurement. While synchronically, the two systems are identical, Jyotiṣa uses primarily the sidereal zodiac (in which stars are considered to be the fixed background against which the motion of the planets is measured), whereas most Western astrology uses the tropical zodiac (the motion of the planets is measured against the position of the Sun on the Spring equinox). This difference becomes noticeable over time. After two millennia, as a result of the precession of the equinoxes, the origin of the ecliptic longitude has shifted by about 22 degrees. As a result, the placement of planets in the Jyotiṣa system is consistent with the actual zodiac, while in western astrology the planets fall into the following sign, as compared to their placement in the sidereal zodiac, about two thirds of the time.

text: The Nirayana, or

text: sidereal zodiac

text: , is an imaginary belt of 360 degrees, which, like the Sāyana, or

text: tropical zodiac

text: , is divided into 12 equal parts. Each twelfth part (of 30 degrees) is called a sign or rāśi  (

text: Sanskrit

text: : 'part').  Vedic (Jyotiṣa) and Western

text: zodiac

text: s differ in the method of measurement. While synchronically, the two systems are identical, Jyotiṣa uses primarily the sidereal zodiac (in which stars are considered to be the fixed background against which the motion of the planets is measured), whereas most

text: Western astrology

text: uses the

text: tropical zodiac

text: (the motion of the planets is measured against the position of the Sun on the

text: Spring equinox

text: ). This difference becomes noticeable over time. After two

text: millennia

text: , as a result of the

text: precession of the equinoxes

text: , the origin of the

text: ecliptic longitude

text: has shifted by about 22 degrees. As a result, the placement of planets in the Jyotiṣa system is consistent with the actual zodiac, while in western astrology the planets fall into the following sign, as compared to their placement in the sidereal zodiac, about two thirds of the time.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the origin of the ecliptic longitude has shifted by about 22 degrees

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the motion of the planets is measured

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the motion of the planets is measured against the position of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession of the equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Spring equinox).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Spring equinox).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: two thirds

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical zodiac

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Spring equinox).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (the motion of the planets is measured against the position of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Spring equinox).

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 22 degrees.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Spring equinox).

text: Solar power is a candidate for power for a Martian colony. Solar insolation (the amount of solar radiation that reaches Mars) is about 42% of that on Earth, since Mars is about 52% farther from the Sun and insolation falls off as the square of distance. But the thin atmosphere would allow almost all of that energy to reach the surface as compared to Earth, where the atmosphere absorbs roughly a quarter of the solar radiation. Sunlight on the surface of Mars would be much like a moderately cloudy day on Earth.

text: Solar power

text: is a candidate for power for a Martian colony.

text: Solar insolation

text: (the amount of solar radiation that reaches Mars) is about 42% of that on Earth, since Mars is about 52% farther from the Sun and insolation

text: falls off as the square of distance

text: . But the thin atmosphere would allow almost all of that energy to reach the surface as compared to Earth, where the atmosphere absorbs roughly a quarter of the solar radiation. Sunlight on the surface of Mars would be much like a moderately cloudy day on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mars is about 52% farther from the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth, where the atmosphere absorbs roughly a quarter of the solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: moderately cloudy day

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: a moderately cloudy day

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the atmosphere absorbs roughly a quarter

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: moderately cloudy day on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: moderately cloudy day on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: moderately cloudy day

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Mars is about 52% farther from the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: moderately cloudy day on Earth.

text: A solar thermal collector collects heat by absorbing sunlight. A collector is a device for capturing solar radiation. Solar radiation is energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation from the infrared (long) to the ultraviolet (short) wavelengths. The quantity of solar energy striking the Earth's surface (solar constant) averages about 1,000 watts per square meter under clear skies, depending upon weather conditions, location and orientation.

text: A solar thermal collector collects

text: heat

text: by

text: absorbing

text: sunlight

text: . A collector is a device for capturing solar radiation. Solar radiation is energy in the form of

text: electromagnetic radiation

text: from the

text: infrared

text: (long) to the

text: ultraviolet

text: (short) wavelengths. The quantity of solar energy striking the Earth's surface (

text: solar constant

text: ) averages about 1,000 watts per square meter under clear skies, depending upon weather conditions, location and orientation.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar energy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar thermal collectors collect heat

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar constant

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar constant

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: weather conditions,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: orientation.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A solar thermal collector

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1,000 watts per square meter

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 1,000 watts per square meter

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: heat

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: A solar thermal collector collects heat by absorbing sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: A solar thermal collector collects heat by absorbing sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1,000 watts per square meter

text: On October 15, 2012 in the United States and Canada, Season 2 began with 4 episodes but ran out of order. This is the first season to begin with a view of the Earth before the Kratt brothers are shown introducing the audience. This season focused on the Western Hemisphere, including the rainforest, coral reef, temperate woodlands, and the Sonoran Desert.

text: On October 15, 2012 in the

text: United States

text: and Canada, Season 2 began with 4 episodes but ran out of order. This is the first season to begin with a view of the Earth before the Kratt brothers are shown introducing the audience. This season focused on the Western Hemisphere, including the

text: rainforest

text: coral reef

text: temperate woodlands

text: , and the

text: Sonoran Desert

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: focused on the Western Hemisphere, including the rainforest, coral reef, temperate woodlands, and the Sonoran Desert

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Western Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October 15, 2012

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: October 15

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Kratt brothers are shown introducing the audience.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Western Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2012

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: temperate woodlands, and the Sonoran Desert.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sonoran Desert.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October 15, 2012

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: October 15, 2012

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: October 15, 2012

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Season 2

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: October 15, 2012

text: A partial solar eclipse will occur on January 6, 2019. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: will occur on January 6, 2019. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 6, 2019

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse will occur on January 6, 2019.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 6, 2019.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: January 6, 2019.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: January 6, 2019.

text: Colonel Robert Makepeace (played by Steve Makaj, seasons 1–3) was a former member of the United States Marine Corps and of Stargate Command (SGC). Originally, Makepeace was the commander of SG-3. His first on-screen appearance is in "The Broca Divide" as ranking officer and team leader of SG-3. He reappears in the two episodes, two-parters in Stargate SG-1 season 2. In the two-parters of season 2, Makepeace leads a rescue mission to save SG-1 (without Teal'c) from the grasp of Hathor in "Into the Fire". In season 3's "Shades of Grey", Makepeace is discovered to be a spy for the rogue N.I.D. group under the command of Colonel Harry Maybourne, who is covertly reverse-engineering stolen alien technologies. Smaller items stolen by the rogue group would be left on a designated world for Makepeace to covertly pick up and pack back to Earth in his gear during routine missions. O'Neill had Makepeace arrested and charged with high treason against the United States and its allies. While it is unknown who immediately replaced Makepeace as the commander of SG-3, eventually this position was assigned to Colonel Reynolds.

text: Colonel

text: Robert Makepeace (played by Steve Makaj, seasons 1–3) was a former member of the

text: United States Marine Corps

text: and of

text: Stargate Command

text: (SGC). Originally, Makepeace was the commander of

text: . His first on-screen appearance is in "

text: The Broca Divide

text: " as ranking officer and team leader of SG-3. He reappears in the two episodes, two-parters in

text: Stargate SG-1

text: season 2

text: . In the two-parters of season 2, Makepeace leads a rescue mission to save SG-1 (without

text: Teal'c

text: ) from the grasp of

text: Hathor

text: in "

text: Into the Fire

text: ". In season 3's "

text: Shades of Grey

text: ", Makepeace is discovered to be a spy for the rogue

text: N.I.D.

text: group under the command of Colonel

entity_name: List of recurring Earth characters in Stargate SG-1

text: Harry Maybourne

text: , who is covertly reverse-engineering stolen alien technologies. Smaller items stolen by the rogue group would be left on a designated world for Makepeace to covertly pick up and pack back to Earth in his gear during routine missions. O'Neill had Makepeace arrested and charged with

text: high treason

text: against the United States and its allies. While it is unknown who immediately replaced Makepeace as the commander of SG-3, eventually this position was assigned to Colonel Reynolds.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: makepeace leads a rescue mission to save SG-1

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Into the Fire

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: covertly reverse-engineering stolen alien technologies.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "The Broca Divide"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1–3)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: "The Broca Divide"

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: high treason against the United States

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Teal'c) from the grasp of Hathor

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1–3)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Colonel Robert Makepeace

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Colonel Robert Makepeace

text: Studies suggest that the paleoenvironment of the Yixian Formation involved seasonal climate fluctuations, and was warm and humid, punctuated by dry seasons, in which the environment became more arid. The average yearly temperature during the time of Beipiaosaurus was 10 degrees celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit), with relatively cold winters for the generally warm Mesozoic era. A study by Wu et al. (2013) concluded that orbital forcing, which is the effect on climate caused by shifts in the tilt of the Earth's axis and by the shape of the Earth's orbit, contributed to the climate fluctuations of this formation.

text: Studies suggest that the

text: paleoenvironment

text: of the Yixian Formation involved seasonal climate fluctuations, and was warm and humid, punctuated by dry seasons, in which the environment became more arid. The average yearly temperature during the time of Beipiaosaurus was 10 degrees

text: celsius

text: (50 degrees

text: Fahrenheit

text: ), with relatively cold winters for the generally warm Mesozoic era. A study by Wu et al. (2013) concluded that

text: orbital forcing

text: , which is the effect on climate caused by shifts in the tilt of the Earth's axis and by the shape of the Earth's orbit, contributed to the climate fluctuations of this formation.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: orbital forcing

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: relatively cold winters

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: orbital forcing,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: dry seasons,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: relatively cold winters

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: relatively cold winters

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (50 degrees Fahrenheit),

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cold winters

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: relatively cold winters

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: yearly

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: orbital forcing,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 10 degrees celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit),

text: A partial solar eclipse will occur on April 21, 2069. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: will occur on April 21, 2069. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse will occur on April 21, 2069.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: April 21, 2069.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: April 21, 2069.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: April 21, 2069.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: April 21, 2069.

text: Seasons result from the yearly revolution of the Earth around the Sun and the tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the plane of revolution. During the year the northern and southern hemispheres are inclined toward or away from the sun according to Earth's position in its orbit. The hemisphere inclined toward the sun receives more sunlight and is in summer, while the other hemisphere receives less sun and is in winter (see solstice).

text: Seasons result from the yearly revolution of the Earth around the Sun and the tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the plane of revolution. During the year the northern and southern hemispheres are inclined toward or away from the sun according to Earth's position in its orbit. The hemisphere inclined toward the sun receives more sunlight and is in summer, while the other hemisphere receives less sun and is in winter (see

text: solstice

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the yearly revolution of the Earth around the Sun and the tilt of the Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the other hemisphere receives less sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the other hemisphere receives less sun and is in winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the yearly revolution of the Earth around the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstice).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The hemisphere inclined toward the sun receives more sunlight

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: other hemisphere receives less sun and is in winter

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the other hemisphere receives less sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: hemisphere inclined toward the sun receives more sunlight and is in summer,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstice).

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The hemisphere inclined toward the sun receives more sunlight

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer,

text: The Earth's orbit is elliptical, with the Sun at one focus; lines drawn through the summer and winter solstice; and the spring and autumn equinox; intersect with the sun at right angles. The Earth is closest to the Sun (perihelion) near the northern hemisphere winter solstice. The earth moves faster through its orbit when closer to the sun. Hence, the period from the northern hemisphere's autumn equinox to winter and spring is shorter by around seven days than the period from spring to summer to autumn; the reverse is true in the southern hemisphere. Hence, northern hemisphere winter is shorter.

text: The

text: Earth's orbit

text: is

text: elliptical

text: , with the Sun at one focus; lines drawn through the summer and winter

text: solstice

text: ; and the

text: spring

text: and

text: autumn equinox

text: ; intersect with the sun at

text: right angle

text: s. The Earth is closest to the Sun (

text: perihelion

text: ) near the

text: northern hemisphere

text: winter solstice

text: . The earth moves faster through its

text: orbit

text: when closer to the sun. Hence, the period from the northern hemisphere's autumn equinox to winter and spring is shorter by around seven days than the period from spring to summer to autumn; the reverse is true in the

text: southern hemisphere

text: . Hence, northern hemisphere winter is shorter.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's orbit is elliptical

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Earth is closest to the Sun (perihelion) near the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the reverse is true in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Earth's orbit is elliptical,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (perihelion)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring to summer to autumn;

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (perihelion)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Earth is closest to the Sun (perihelion)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: intersect with the sun at right angles.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: autumn equinox;

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earth is closest to the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn equinox;

text: A1 Grand Prix (A1GP) was unique in its field in that competitors solely represented their nation as opposed to themselves or a team, the usual format in most formula racing series. As such, it was often promoted as the "World Cup of Motorsport". Also, the series attracted equal numbers of (former or future) Formula One drivers and IndyCar Series drivers. The concept was founded by Sheikh Al Maktoum of Dubai in 2004, but sold to the FIA in 2005. The races were held in the traditional Formula One off-season, the northern hemisphere winter. Between 2005 and 2009 29 countries from five continents participated.

text: A1 Grand Prix (A1GP) was unique in its field in that competitors solely represented their nation as opposed to themselves or a team, the usual format in most formula racing series. As such, it was often promoted as the "World Cup of Motorsport". Also, the series attracted equal numbers of (former or future)

text: Formula One

text: drivers and

text: IndyCar Series

text: drivers. The concept was founded by

text: Sheikh Al Maktoum of Dubai

text: in 2004, but sold to the

entity_name: Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile

text: FIA

text: in 2005. The races were held in the traditional

text: Formula One

text: off-season, the northern hemisphere winter. Between

text: and

text: 29 countries from five continents participated.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the northern hemisphere winter

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The races were held in the traditional Formula One off-season,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the northern hemisphere winter.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the northern hemisphere winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter.

text: Spring Equinox: Moon's Milk or Under an Unquiet Skull is part one of the four part Seasons collective created by Coil. A first edition, released on spring equinox 1998, consisted of a limited 7" of 1000 copies on milky white vinyl and 55 copies on yellow vinyl and a CD-EP, which was deleted on summer solstice, when the second part was released. On the summer solstice of 2001 a second edition of the CD-EP was released, limited to 400 copies.

text: Spring Equinox: Moon's Milk or Under an Unquiet Skull is part one of the four part Seasons collective created by

text: Coil

text: . A first edition, released on spring equinox 1998, consisted of a limited 7" of 1000 copies on milky white vinyl and 55 copies on yellow vinyl and a CD-EP, which was deleted on summer solstice, when the second part was released. On the summer solstice of 2001 a second edition of the CD-EP was released, limited to 400 copies.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: created by Coil

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: limited 7"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Coil.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: A first edition, released on spring equinox 1998,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer solstice,

text: Because of the increased distance at aphelion, only 93.55% of the solar radiation from the Sun falls on a given area of land as does at perihelion. However, this fluctuation does not account for the seasons, as it is summer in the northern hemisphere when it is winter in the southern hemisphere and vice versa. Instead, seasons result from the tilt of Earth's axis, which is 23.4 degrees away from perpendicular to the plane of Earth's orbit around the sun. Winter falls on the hemisphere where sunlight strikes least directly, and summer falls where sunlight strikes most directly, regardless of the Earth's distance from the Sun.

text: Because of the increased distance at aphelion, only 93.55% of the solar radiation from the Sun falls on a given area of land as does at perihelion. However, this fluctuation does not account for the

text: seasons

text: , as it is

text: summer

text: in the northern hemisphere when it is

text: winter

text: in the southern hemisphere and vice versa. Instead, seasons result from the

text: tilt of Earth's axis

text: , which is 23.4 degrees away from perpendicular to the plane of Earth's orbit around the sun. Winter falls on the hemisphere where sunlight strikes least directly, and summer falls where sunlight strikes most directly, regardless of the Earth's distance from the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the tilt of Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: it is summer in the northern hemisphere when it is winter in the southern hemisphere and vice versa

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: because of the increased distance at aphelion

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the tilt of Earth's axis,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Winter falls on the hemisphere where sunlight strikes least directly,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Winter falls on the hemisphere where sunlight strikes least directly,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 23.4 degrees

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer

text: All three green-winged teal subspecies occur in the northern hemisphere during summer and in winter extend to northern South America, central Africa, southern India, Burma, and the Philippines. In North America, ssp. carolinensis occurs across the continent and is joined in the Aleutian Islands by ssp. nimia, which remains there throughout the year. Anas crecca breeds in Iceland, Europe, and Asia. It is also seen occasionally during the winter in North America along the Atlantic Coast.

text: All three green-winged teal subspecies occur in the northern hemisphere during summer and in winter extend to northern South America, central Africa, southern India, Burma, and the Philippines. In North America, ssp. carolinensis occurs across the continent and is joined in the Aleutian Islands by ssp. nimia, which remains there throughout the year. Anas crecca breeds in Iceland, Europe, and Asia. It is also seen occasionally during the winter in North America along the Atlantic Coast.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: natural causes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: breeds

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Aleutian Islands

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer and in winter extend to northern South America,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer and in winter extend to northern South America,

text: Season two began airing in the United States on July 15, 2005, and it picked up where Season 1 ended. The Atlantis expedition successfully avoids being culled by the Wraith by making them believe Atlantis had been destroyed, and they recover semi-regular contact with Earth, thanks to the Daedalus and the new Zero Point Module (ZPM) recovered by SG-1. Sheppard is promoted to Lt. Colonel and former Runner Ronon Dex replaces Lt. Ford, who went missing in action (MIA) at the end of the battle with the Wraith. The central plot of the second season is the development of Dr. Beckett's retrovirus, which can, theoretically, turn a Wraith into a human. While an incomplete version makes a young Wraith girl lose all her humanity and almost turns Sheppard into an Iratus bug, a more developed version is tested on a living Wraith, "Michael", with mixed results. Michael's Wraith faction proposes an alliance with Atlantis, but they betray the team. The season closes again with a cliffhanger—the Wraith are heading for the rich feeding grounds of Earth.

text: Season two began airing in the United States on July 15, 2005, and it picked up where Season 1 ended. The Atlantis expedition successfully avoids being culled by the Wraith by making them believe Atlantis had been destroyed, and they recover semi-regular contact with Earth, thanks to the

text: Daedalus

text: and the new

text: Zero Point Module

text: (ZPM) recovered by SG-1. Sheppard is promoted to Lt. Colonel and former

text: Runner

text: Ronon Dex

text: replaces Lt. Ford, who went

text: missing in action

text: (MIA) at the end of the battle with the Wraith. The central plot of the second season is the development of Dr.

text: Beckett

text: 's retrovirus, which can, theoretically, turn a Wraith into a human. While an incomplete version makes a

text: young Wraith girl

text: lose all her humanity and almost turns Sheppard into an

text: Iratus bug

text: , a more developed version is tested on a living Wraith, "

text: Michael

text: ", with mixed results. Michael's Wraith faction proposes an alliance with Atlantis, but they betray the team. The season closes again with a cliffhanger—the Wraith are heading for the rich feeding grounds of Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the development of Dr. Beckett's retrovirus

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Atlantis

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Wraith are heading for the rich feeding grounds of Earth.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Wraith are heading for the rich feeding grounds of Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Runner

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the development of Dr. Beckett's retrovirus,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Zero Point Module

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: July 15, 2005,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: rich feeding grounds

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: July 15, 2005,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cliffhanger—the Wraith are heading for the rich feeding grounds of Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: July 15, 2005,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Season two began airing in the United States on July 15, 2005,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: July 15, 2005,

text: Before Hipparchus, astronomers knew that the lengths of the seasons are not equal. Hipparchus made observations of equinox and solstice, and according to Ptolemy (Almagest III.4) determined that spring (from spring equinox to summer solstice) lasted 94½ days, and summer (from summer solstice to autumn equinox) 92½ days. This is inconsistent with a premise of the Sun moving around the Earth in a circle at uniform speed. Hipparchus's solution was to place the Earth not at the center of the Sun's motion, but at some distance from the center. This model described the apparent motion of the Sun fairly well. It is known today that the planets, including the Earth, move in approximate ellipses around the Sun, but this was not discovered until Johannes Kepler published his first two laws of planetary motion in 1609. The value for the eccentricity attributed to Hipparchus by Ptolemy is that the offset is 1/24 of the radius of the orbit (which is a little too large), and the direction of the apogee would be at longitude 65.5° from the vernal equinox. Hipparchus may also have used other sets of observations, which would lead to different values. One of his two eclipse trios' solar longitudes are consistent with his having initially adopted inaccurate lengths for spring and summer of 95¾ and 91¼ days. His other triplet of solar positions is consistent with 94¼ and 92½ days, an improvement on the results (94½ and 92½ days) attributed to Hipparchus by Ptolemy, which a few scholars still question the authorship of. Ptolemy made no change three centuries later, and expressed lengths for the autumn and winter seasons which were already implicit (as shown, e.g., by A. Aaboe).

text: Before Hipparchus, astronomers knew that the lengths of the

text: season

text: s are not equal. Hipparchus made observations of equinox and solstice, and according to Ptolemy (Almagest III.4) determined that spring (from spring equinox to summer solstice) lasted 94½ days, and summer (from summer solstice to autumn equinox) 92½ days. This is inconsistent with a premise of the Sun moving around the Earth in a circle at uniform speed. Hipparchus's solution was to place the Earth not at the center of the Sun's motion, but at some distance from the center. This model described the apparent motion of the Sun fairly well. It is known today that the

text: planet

text: s, including the Earth, move in approximate

text: ellipse

text: s around the Sun, but this was not discovered until

text: Johannes Kepler

text: published his first two laws of planetary motion in 1609. The value for the

text: eccentricity

text: attributed to Hipparchus by Ptolemy is that the offset is 1/24 of the radius of the orbit (which is a little too large), and the direction of the

text: apogee

text: would be at longitude 65.5° from the

text: vernal equinox

text: . Hipparchus may also have used other sets of observations, which would lead to different values. One of his two eclipse trios' solar longitudes are consistent with his having initially adopted inaccurate lengths for spring and summer of 95¾ and 91¼ days. His other triplet of solar positions is consistent with 94¼ and 92½ days, an improvement on the results (94½ and 92½ days) attributed to Hipparchus by Ptolemy, which a few scholars still question the authorship of. Ptolemy made no change three centuries later, and expressed lengths for the autumn and winter seasons which were already implicit (as shown, e.g., by A.

text: Aaboe

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: planets, including the Earth, move in approximate ellipses around the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: apogee

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 921 2 days

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Hipparchus may also have used other sets of observations,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: apogee

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 953<unk>4 and 911<unk>4 days.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 65.5° from the vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: apogee

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 65.5°

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 941<unk>2 days,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Hipparchus by Ptolemy,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 65.5° from the vernal equinox.

text: In the mid-1980s, Atsumu Ohmura, a geography researcher at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, found that solar radiation striking the Earth's surface had declined by more than 10% over the three previous decades. His findings appeared to contradict global warming — the global temperature had been generally rising since the 70s. Less light reaching the earth seemed to mean that it should cool. Ohmura published his findings "Secular variation of global radiation in Europe" in 1989.  This was soon followed by others: Viivi Russak in 1990 "Trends of solar radiation, cloudiness and atmospheric transparency during recent decades in Estonia", and Beate Liepert in 1994 "Solar radiation in Germany — Observed trends and an assessment of their causes". Dimming has also been observed in sites all over the former Soviet Union.

text: In the mid-1980s,

text: Atsumu Ohmura

text: , a geography researcher at the

text: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

text: , found that solar radiation striking the Earth's surface had declined by more than 10% over the three previous decades. His findings appeared to contradict

text: global warming

text: — the global temperature had been generally rising since the 70s. Less light reaching the earth seemed to mean that it should cool. Ohmura published his findings "Secular variation of global radiation in Europe" in 1989.  This was soon followed by others: Viivi Russak in 1990 "Trends of solar radiation, cloudiness and atmospheric transparency during recent decades in Estonia", and Beate Liepert in 1994 "Solar radiation in Germany — Observed trends and an assessment of their causes". Dimming has also been observed in sites all over the former Soviet Union.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Europe

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: less light

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: global temperature had been generally rising since the 70s

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Less light reaching the earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Dimming

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Less light reaching the earth seemed to mean that it should cool.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Dimming has also been observed in sites all over the former Soviet Union.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Less light

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Less light reaching the earth seemed to mean that it should cool.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Dimming

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 10% over the three previous decades.

text: Schumann resonance -sector boundary -selective fading -Shadow loss -shortwave relay station -side lobe -Signal-to-Interference Ratio -single event upset (SEU) -Single Vegetative Obstruction Model -SINPO code-skip (radio) -skip zone -sky wave -skywave -Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) -Synchronous Meteorological Satellite (SMS) -Software-defined radio -solar activity -solar constant -solar cycle -solar flare -solar flux -solar flux unit -solar maximum -solar minimum -solar radiation storm level -solar rotation rate -solar transition region -solar wind -solstice -Solar Observing Optical Network (SOON) -South Atlantic anomaly -Southern Hemisphere Auroral Radar Experiment -Space weather -spicule (solar physics) -SPLAT!-Sporadic E propagation -spray (solar physics) -Spread spectrum -stratosphere -substorm -sudden ionospheric disturbance (SID) -sunspot -sunspot cycle -sunspot number -super high frequency (SHF) -supergranulation -Surface wave -Solar X-ray Imager (SXI) -synodic -synoptic chart -

text: Schumann resonance

text: sector boundary

text: selective fading

text: Shadow loss

text: shortwave relay station

text: side lobe

text: Signal-to-Interference Ratio

text: single event upset

text: (SEU) -

text: Single Vegetative Obstruction Model

text: SINPO code

text: skip (radio)

text: skip zone

text: sky wave

text: skywave

text: Solar Maximum Mission

text: (SMM) -

text: Synchronous Meteorological Satellite

text: (SMS) -

text: Software-defined radio

text: solar activity

text: solar constant

text: solar cycle

text: solar flare

text: solar flux

text: solar flux unit

text: solar maximum

text: solar minimum

text: solar radiation storm level

text: solar rotation rate

text: solar transition region

text: solar wind

text: solstice

text: Solar Observing Optical Network

text: (SOON) -

text: South Atlantic anomaly

entity_name: Southern Hemisphere Auroral Radar Experiment

text: Southern Hemisphere Auroral Radar Experiment

text: Space weather

text: spicule (solar physics)

text: SPLAT!

text: Sporadic E propagation

text: spray (solar physics)

text: Spread spectrum

text: stratosphere

text: substorm

text: sudden ionospheric disturbance

text: (SID) -

text: sunspot

text: sunspot cycle

text: sunspot number

text: super high frequency

text: (SHF) -

text: supergranulation

text: Surface wave

text: Solar X-ray Imager

text: (SXI) -

text: synodic

text: synoptic chart

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar rotation rate

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polaris

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: -solar activity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: -sunspot

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: -sunspot

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: -stratosphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: -stratosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: -sunspot

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: -solstice

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: minimum

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: -Space weather

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: -Space weather

text: Otto Nordenskjöld theorized that winter conditions also play a role: His formula is W = 9 − 0.1 C, where W is the average temperature in the warmest month and C the average of the coldest month, both in degrees Celsius (this would mean, for example, that if a particular location had an average temperature of  in its coldest month, the warmest month would need to average  or higher for trees to be able to survive there as 9 - 0.1(-20) = 11). Nordenskiöld's line tends to run to the north of Köppen's near the west coasts of the Northern Hemisphere continents, south of it in the interior sections, and at about the same latitude along the east coasts of both Asia and North America. In the Southern Hemisphere, all of Tierra del Fuego lies outside the polar region in Nordenskiöld's system, but part of the island (including Ushuaia, Argentina) is reckoned as being within the Antarctic under Köppen's.

text: Otto Nordenskjöld

text: theorized that winter conditions also play a role: His formula is W = 9 − 0.1 C, where W is the average temperature in the warmest month and C the average of the coldest month, both in degrees Celsius (this would mean, for example, that if a particular location had an average temperature of  in its coldest month, the warmest month would need to average  or higher for trees to be able to survive there as 9 - 0.1(-20) = 11). Nordenskiöld's line tends to run to the north of Köppen's near the west coasts of the Northern Hemisphere continents, south of it in the interior sections, and at about the same latitude along the east coasts of both Asia and North America. In the Southern Hemisphere, all of

text: Tierra del Fuego

text: lies outside the polar region in Nordenskiöld's system, but part of the island (including

text: Ushuaia, Argentina

text: ) is reckoned as being within the Antarctic under Köppen's.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter conditions also play a role

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: temperature in the warmest month

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: at about the same latitude

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter conditions also play a role:

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Antarctic

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Tierra del Fuego

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar region

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 9 - 0.1(-20) = 11).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: about the same latitude

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: W = 9 <unk> 0.1 C,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Otto Nordenskjöld

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Otto Nordenskjöld

text: Lathyrus japonicus is a perennial plant. The stem grows to  and is limp, has no wings and is often hairless. The leaves are alternate, greyish green and somewhat succulent, almost stalkless with large, wide stipules. The leaf blades are pinnate with three to five pairs of narrow lanceolate leaflets with blunt tips, entire margins and a terminal tendril. The inflorescence has a long stem and five to twelve purple flowers, each  long, turning bluer as they age. These have five sepals and five petals and are irregular with a standard, two wings and a fused keel. There are ten stamens and a single carpel. The fruit is a long brown pod up to  in length. This plant flowers in mid-to-late summer (July and August in the Northern Hemisphere, January and February in the Southern Hemisphere).

text: Lathyrus japonicus is a perennial plant. The stem grows to  and is limp, has no wings and is often hairless. The leaves are alternate, greyish green and somewhat succulent, almost stalkless with large, wide

text: stipule

text: s. The leaf blades are pinnate with three to five pairs of narrow lanceolate leaflets with blunt tips, entire margins and a terminal tendril. The

text: inflorescence

text: has a long stem and five to twelve purple flowers, each  long, turning bluer as they age. These have five sepals and five petals and are irregular with a standard, two wings and a fused keel. There are ten stamens and a single carpel. The fruit is a long brown pod up to  in length. This plant flowers in mid-to-late summer (July and August in the Northern Hemisphere, January and February in the Southern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the plant is perennial

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January and February

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this plant flowers in mid-to-late summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: This plant flowers in mid-to-late summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: mid-to-late summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (July and August in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: January and February in the Southern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January and February

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: January and February in the Southern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: mid-to-late summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: January and February in the Southern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: January and February in the Southern Hemisphere).

text: Internet, though available, is expensive, with caps on data.  Overage use is extremely expensive, and a monopoly exists because personal satellite internet is not available due to the satellite locations.  Solar activity blocks communications during equinox seasons for several days spring and fall.

text: Internet

text: , though available, is expensive, with caps on data.  Overage use is extremely expensive, and a

text: monopoly

text: exists because personal satellite internet is not available due to the satellite locations.  Solar activity blocks communications during

text: equinox

text: seasons for several days spring and fall.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar activity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar activity blocks communications

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar activity blocks communications

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar activity blocks communications during equinox seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinox seasons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinox seasons

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Solar activity blocks communications during equinox seasons

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Solar activity blocks communications during equinox seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Solar activity blocks communications

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar activity blocks communications during equinox seasons

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: fall.

text: Mating takes place during a two- to three-month-long mating season, which occurs from July–August in the Northern Hemisphere and November–January in the Southern Hemisphere. A single egg is fertilized, but implantation is delayed for three to four months to ensure the young will not be born during an unfavorable time. Once the zygote does implant in the uterus, a gestation period of four months occurs, during which the zygote splits into four identical embryos, each of which develops its own placenta, so blood and nutrients are not mixed between them. After birth, the quadruplets remain in the burrow, living off the mother’s milk for about three months. They then begin to forage with the mother, eventually leaving after six months to a year.

text: Mating takes place during a two- to three-month-long mating season, which occurs from July–August in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: and November–January in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: . A single egg is fertilized, but implantation is delayed for three to four months to ensure the young will not be born during an unfavorable time. Once the

text: zygote

text: does implant in the uterus, a gestation period of four months occurs, during which the zygote splits into four identical

text: embryo

text: s, each of which develops its own

text: placenta

text: , so blood and nutrients are not mixed between them. After birth, the

text: quadruplet

text: s remain in the burrow, living off the mother’s milk for about three months. They then begin to forage with the mother, eventually leaving after six months to a year.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to ensure the young will not be born during an unfavorable time

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November–January

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: November–January in the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: ensure the young will not be born during an unfavorable time.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: November–January

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: July–August

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: November–January in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November–January

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: July–August in the Northern Hemisphere and November–January

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: November–January

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: November–January in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November–January

text: Many ancient civilizations observed astronomical bodies, often the Sun and Moon, to determine times, dates, and seasons. Methods of sexagesimal timekeeping, now common in both Western and Eastern societies, originated nearly 4,000 years ago in Mesopotamia and Egypt; a similar system was developed later in Mesoamerica. The first calendars may have been created during the last glacial period, by hunter-gatherers who employed tools such as sticks and bones to track the phases of the moon or the seasons. Stone circles, such as England's Stonehenge, were built in various parts of the world, especially in Prehistoric Europe, and are thought to have been used to time and predict seasonal and annual events such as equinoxes or solstices. As those megalithic civilizations left no recorded history, little is known of their calendars or timekeeping methods.

text: Many ancient civilizations observed

text: astronomical bodies

text: , often the

text: Sun

text: and

text: Moon

text: , to determine times, dates, and seasons. Methods of

text: sexagesimal

text: timekeeping, now common in both

text: Western

text: and

text: Eastern

text: societies, originated nearly 4,000 years ago in

text: Mesopotamia

text: and

text: Egypt

text: ; a similar system was developed later in

text: Mesoamerica

text: . The first

text: calendar

text: s may have been created during the

text: last glacial period

text: , by

text: hunter-gatherer

text: s who employed tools such as sticks and bones to track the

text: phases of the moon

text: or the seasons.

text: Stone circle

text: s, such as England's

text: Stonehenge

text: , were built in various parts of the world, especially in

text: Prehistoric Europe

text: , and are thought to have been used to time and predict seasonal and annual events such as

text: equinox

text: es or

text: solstice

text: s. As those

text: megalith

text: ic civilizations left no

text: recorded history

text: , little is known of their calendars or timekeeping methods.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical bodies

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Stone circles, such as England's Stonehenge, were built

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical bodies,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes or solstices.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Stone circles,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Stone circles,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: astronomical bodies,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: equinoxes

text: In 1850 Ward Manor was built on the now Ward-Equinox Estate on the 200 Acre well known Equinox Mountain. Bought by Rutherford Ward from Poplar Bluff, Missouri he moved here as threats of a Civil War was being whispered through the south and the southern part of the mid-west. It is the only brick structure ever to be built in the town's history. It was abandoned until 1950 when Rutherford's grandson the well known Industrialist Farmer, Dewey H. Ward renovated it and called it home during the summers. When he passed in 2002 it was left to his daughter well known jeweler and founder of Marchesa Jewelry, Louise O'Kief-Trout and his great grandson Nicholas Silvestri.

text: In 1850 Ward Manor was built on the now Ward-Equinox Estate on the 200 Acre well known Equinox Mountain. Bought by Rutherford Ward from Poplar Bluff, Missouri he moved here as threats of a Civil War was being whispered through the south and the southern part of the mid-west. It is the only brick structure ever to be built in the town's history. It was abandoned until 1950 when Rutherford's grandson the well known Industrialist Farmer, Dewey H. Ward renovated it and called it home during the summers. When he passed in 2002 it was left to his daughter well known jeweler and founder of

text: Marchesa

text: Jewelry, Louise O'Kief-Trout and his great grandson Nicholas Silvestri.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: dewey h. ward renovated it

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox Mountain

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is the only brick structure ever to be built in the town's history

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Dewey H. Ward

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Dewey H. Ward

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox Mountain.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox Mountain.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox Mountain.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: only brick structure ever to be built in the town's history.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox Mountain.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox Mountain.

text: Connections between the imperial radiate crown and the cult of Sol are postulated. Augustus was posthumously depicted with radiate crown, as were living emperors from Nero (after AD 65) to Constantine. Some modern scholarship interprets the imperial radiate crown as a divine, solar association rather than an overt symbol of Sol; Bergmann calls it a pseudo-object designed to disguise the divine and solar connotations that would otherwise be politically controversial but there is broad agreement that coin-images showing the imperial radiate crown are stylistically distinct from those of the solar crown of rays; the imperial radiate crown is depicted as a real object rather than as symbolic light. Hijmans argues that the Imperial radiate crown represents the honorary wreath awarded to Augustus, perhaps posthumously, to commemorate his victory at the battle of Actium; he points out that henceforth, living emperors were depicted with radiate crowns, but state divi were not. To Hijmans this implies the radiate crown of living emperors as a link to Augustus. His successors automatically inherited (or sometimes acquired) the same offices and honours due to Octavian as "saviour of the Republic" through his victory at Actium, piously attributed to Apollo-Helios. Wreaths awarded to victors at the Actian Games were radiate.

text: Connections between the imperial

text: radiate crown

text: and the cult of Sol are postulated.

text: Augustus

text: was posthumously depicted with radiate crown, as were living emperors from

text: Nero

text: (after AD 65) to

text: Constantine

text: . Some modern scholarship interprets the imperial radiate crown as a divine, solar association rather than an overt symbol of Sol; Bergmann calls it a pseudo-object designed to disguise the divine and solar connotations that would otherwise be politically controversial but there is broad agreement that coin-images showing the imperial radiate crown are stylistically distinct from those of the solar crown of rays; the imperial radiate crown is depicted as a real object rather than as symbolic light. Hijmans argues that the Imperial radiate crown represents the honorary wreath awarded to

text: Augustus

text: , perhaps posthumously, to commemorate his victory at the

text: battle of Actium

text: ; he points out that henceforth, living emperors were depicted with radiate crowns, but state divi were not. To Hijmans this implies the radiate crown of living emperors as a link to Augustus. His successors automatically inherited (or sometimes acquired) the same offices and honours due to Octavian as "saviour of the Republic" through his victory at Actium, piously attributed to Apollo-Helios. Wreaths awarded to victors at the Actian Games were radiate.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to commemorate his victory at the battle of Actium

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to commemorate his victory at the battle of Actium;

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar crown of rays;

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Sol

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Sol

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solar crown of rays;

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Sol

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar crown of rays;

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Sol

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Sol

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 65)

text: The three-month period associated with the coldest average temperatures typically begins somewhere in late November or early December in the Northern Hemisphere and lasts through late February or early March. This "thermological winter" is earlier than the solstice delimited definition, but later than the daylight (Celtic) definition. Depending on seasonal lag, this period will vary between climatic regions.

text: The three-month period associated with the coldest average temperatures typically begins somewhere in late November or early December in the Northern Hemisphere and lasts through late February or early March. This "thermological winter" is earlier than the solstice delimited definition, but later than the daylight (Celtic) definition. Depending on

text: seasonal lag

text: , this period will vary between climatic regions.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal lag

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: daylight (Celtic) definition

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: daylight (Celtic) definition

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal lag,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter"

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (Celtic)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: earlier than the solstice delimited definition,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: later than the daylight (Celtic) definition.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "thermological winter"

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November or early December in the Northern Hemisphere

text: Semi-desert cacti need careful watering. General advice is hard to give, since the frequency of watering required depends on where the cacti are being grown, the nature of the growing medium, and the original habitat of the cacti. Brown says that more cacti are lost through the "untimely application of water than for any other reason" and that even during the dormant winter season, cacti need some water. Other sources say that water can be withheld during winter (November to March in the Northern Hemisphere). Another issue is the hardness of the water; where it is necessary to use hard water, regular re-potting is recommended to avoid the build up of salts. The general advice given is that during the growing season, cacti should be allowed to dry out between thorough waterings. A water meter can help in determining when the soil is dry.

text: Semi-desert cacti need careful watering. General advice is hard to give, since the frequency of watering required depends on where the cacti are being grown, the nature of the growing medium, and the original habitat of the cacti. Brown says that more cacti are lost through the "untimely application of water than for any other reason" and that even during the dormant winter season, cacti need some water. Other sources say that water can be withheld during winter (November to March in the Northern Hemisphere). Another issue is the hardness of the water; where it is necessary to use hard water, regular re-potting is recommended to avoid the build up of salts. The general advice given is that during the growing season, cacti should be allowed to dry out between thorough waterings. A water meter can help in determining when the soil is dry.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the frequency of watering required depends on where the cacti are being grown

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November to March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the nature of the growing medium,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: dormant winter season,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (November to March in the Northern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (November to March in the Northern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: (November to March in the Northern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (November to March in the Northern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: (November to March in the Northern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: (November to March in the Northern Hemisphere).

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: (November to March in the Northern Hemisphere).

text: As of season 23, 261 celebrities have competed. Seven of those withdrew from the competition: Sara Evans of season three left the show to "give her family full attention" after filing for divorce; Misty May-Treanor of season seven was forced to pull out after an ankle injury; Tom DeLay of season nine reportedly withdrew "due to stress fractures in both of his feet"; Dorothy Hamill of season sixteen withdrew due to a previous injury that was unrelated to the competition; Billy Dee Williams of season eighteen quit due to a back injury; Kim Zolciak-Biermann of season twenty-one was forced to withdraw after suffering a mini-stroke, which prevented her from flying to California; and Tamar Braxton of season twenty-one withdrew due to pulmonary embolisms in her lungs. At age 14, actress Willow Shields of season twenty was the youngest contestant to compete on the show. At age 82, actress Cloris Leachman of season seven was the oldest contestant to compete on the show. At age 51, singer Donny Osmond of season nine was the oldest contestant to win the competition. At age 16 years, Laurie Hernandez of season twenty-three was the youngest contestant to win. The first (and, as of now, only) contestant to pass away after appearing on the show is Florence Henderson of season eleven, who died in November 2016, six years after her participation. Forty-three professional dancers have partnered with the celebrities, and the pro who participated in the most seasons is Tony Dovolani with twenty-one. The twenty-three winners of the show, in chronological order, are Kelly Monaco, Drew Lachey, Emmitt Smith, Apolo Anton Ohno, Hélio Castroneves, Kristi Yamaguchi, Brooke Burke, Shawn Johnson, Donny Osmond, Nicole Scherzinger, Jennifer Grey, Hines Ward, J.R. Martinez, Donald Driver, Melissa Rycroft, Kellie Pickler, Amber Riley, Meryl Davis, Alfonso Ribeiro, Rumer Willis, Bindi Irwin, Nyle DiMarco and Laurie Hernandez. The twelve professional partners who have won are Alec Mazo, Cheryl Burke (twice), Julianne Hough (twice), Mark Ballas (twice), Derek Hough (six times), Kym Johnson (twice), Karina Smirnoff, Peta Murgatroyd (twice), Tony Dovolani, Maksim Chmerkovskiy, Witney Carson, and Valentin Chmerkovskiy (twice).

text: As of

text: season 23

text: , 261 celebrities have competed. Seven of those withdrew from the competition:

text: Sara Evans

text: of

text: season three

text: left the show to "give her family full attention" after filing for divorce;

text: Misty May-Treanor

text: of

text: season seven

text: was forced to pull out after an ankle injury;

text: Tom DeLay

text: of

text: season nine

text: reportedly withdrew "due to stress fractures in both of his feet";

text: Dorothy Hamill

text: of

text: season sixteen

text: withdrew due to a previous injury that was unrelated to the competition;

text: Billy Dee Williams

text: of

text: season eighteen

text: quit due to a back injury;

text: Kim Zolciak-Biermann

text: of

text: season twenty-one

text: was forced to withdraw after suffering a mini-stroke, which prevented her from flying to

text: California

text: ; and

text: Tamar Braxton

text: of season twenty-one withdrew due to

text: pulmonary embolism

text: s in her lungs. At age 14, actress

text: Willow Shields

text: of season twenty was the youngest contestant to compete on the show. At age 82, actress

text: Cloris Leachman

text: of season seven was the oldest contestant to compete on the show. At age 51, singer

text: Donny Osmond

text: of season nine was the oldest contestant to win the competition. At age 16 years,

text: Laurie Hernandez

text: of season twenty-three was the youngest contestant to win. The first (and, as of now, only) contestant to pass away after appearing on the show is

text: Florence Henderson

text: of season eleven, who died in November 2016, six years after her participation. Forty-three professional dancers have partnered with the celebrities, and the pro who participated in the most seasons is

text: Tony Dovolani

text: with twenty-one. The twenty-three winners of the show, in chronological order, are

text: Kelly Monaco

text: Drew Lachey

text: Emmitt Smith

text: Apolo Anton Ohno

text: Hélio Castroneves

text: Kristi Yamaguchi

text: Brooke Burke

text: Shawn Johnson

text: Donny Osmond

text: Nicole Scherzinger

text: Jennifer Grey

text: Hines Ward

text: J.R. Martinez

text: Donald Driver

text: Melissa Rycroft

text: Kellie Pickler

text: Amber Riley

text: Meryl Davis

text: Alfonso Ribeiro

text: Rumer Willis

text: Bindi Irwin

text: Nyle DiMarco

text: and

text: Laurie Hernandez

text: . The twelve professional partners who have won are

text: Alec Mazo

text: Cheryl Burke

text: (twice),

text: Julianne Hough

text: (twice),

text: Mark Ballas

text: (twice),

text: Derek Hough

text: (six times),

text: Kym Johnson

text: (twice),

text: Karina Smirnoff

text: Peta Murgatroyd

text: (twice),

text: Tony Dovolani

text: Maksim Chmerkovskiy

text: Witney Carson

text: , and

text: Valentin Chmerkovskiy

text: (twice).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Seven of those withdrew from the competition:

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: California

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: California

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in November 2016

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The twelve professional partners who have won are

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Pacific Time Zone

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: "give her family full attention"

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Donny Osmond of season nine

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Donny Osmond of season nine

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: twenty-three

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: California;

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Forty-three

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Laurie Hernandez of season twenty-three was the youngest contestant to win.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: nine

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Forty-three

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Donny Osmond

text: Climbing Season refers to northern hemisphere summers and winters.

text: Climbing Season refers to northern hemisphere summers and winters.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: can you climb a mountain

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Climbing Season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Climbing Season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Climbing Season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Climbing Season

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Climbing Season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Climbing Season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Climbing Season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Climbing Season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Climbing Season

text: Many cultures celebrate various combinations of the winter and summer solstices, the equinoxes, and the midpoints between them, leading to various holidays arising around these events. For the southern solstice, Christmas is the most popular holiday to have arisen. In addition, Yalda, Saturnalia, Karachun, Hanukkah, Kwanzaa and Yule (see winter solstice for more) are also celebrated around this time. For the northern solstice, Christian cultures celebrate the feast of St. John from June 23 to 24 (see St. John's Eve, Ivan Kupala Day, Midsummer), while Neopagans observe Midsummer, also known as Litha. For the vernal (spring) equinox, several spring-time festivals are celebrated, such as the Persian Nowruz, the observance in Judaism of Passover and in most Christian churches of Easter. The autumnal equinox has also given rise to various holidays, such as the Jewish holiday of Sukkot. At the midpoints between these four solar events, cross-quarter days are celebrated.

text: Many cultures celebrate various combinations of the winter and summer solstices, the equinoxes, and the midpoints between them, leading to various holidays arising around these events. For the southern solstice, Christmas is the most popular holiday to have arisen. In addition,

text: Yalda

text: Saturnalia

text: Karachun

text: Hanukkah

text: Kwanzaa

text: and

text: Yule

text: (see

text: winter solstice

text: for more) are also celebrated around this time. For the northern solstice, Christian cultures celebrate the feast of

text: St. John

text: from June 23 to 24 (see

text: St. John's Eve

text: Ivan Kupala Day

text: , Midsummer), while

text: Neopagan

text: s observe Midsummer, also known as Litha. For the vernal (spring) equinox, several spring-time festivals are celebrated, such as the

text: Persia

text: n

text: Nowruz

text: , the observance in

text: Judaism

text: of

text: Passover

text: and in most Christian churches of

text: Easter

text: . The autumnal equinox has also given rise to various holidays, such as the Jewish holiday of

text: Sukkot

text: . At the midpoints between these four solar events,

text: cross-quarter day

text: s are celebrated.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: various holidays arising around these events

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstices

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Christmas is the most popular holiday to have arisen

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: several spring-time festivals are celebrated

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Many cultures celebrate various combinations of the winter and summer solstices,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstices,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: winter and summer solstices, the equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern solstice,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Yule

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: several spring-time festivals are celebrated,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter and summer solstices,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: (spring)

text: The difference between reference to an epoch alone, and a reference to a certain equinox with equator or ecliptic, is therefore that the reference to the epoch contributes to specifying the date of the values of astronomical variables themselves; while the reference to an equinox along with equator/ecliptic, of a certain date, addresses the identification of, or changes in, the coordinate system in terms of which those astronomical variables are expressed.  (Sometimes the word 'equinox' may be used alone, e.g. where it is obvious from the context to users of the data in which form the considered astronomical variables are expressed, in equatorial form or ecliptic form.)

text: The difference between reference to an epoch alone, and a reference to a certain

text: equinox

text: with equator or ecliptic, is therefore that the reference to the epoch contributes to specifying the date of the values of astronomical variables themselves; while the reference to an equinox along with equator/ecliptic, of a certain date, addresses the identification of, or changes in, the coordinate system in terms of which those astronomical variables are expressed.  (Sometimes the word 'equinox' may be used alone, e.g. where it is obvious from the context to users of the data in which form the considered astronomical variables are expressed, in equatorial form or ecliptic form.)

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: change in the coordinate system

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the word 'equinox' may be used alone

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes in, the coordinate system

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinox with equator or ecliptic,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: addresses the identification of, or changes in, the coordinate system

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: equinox with equator or ecliptic,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: equinox with equator or ecliptic,

text: Solar flares strongly influence space weather near the Earth. They can produce streams of highly energetic particles in the solar wind, known as a solar proton event. These particles can impact the Earth's magnetosphere in the form of a geomagnetic storm and present radiation hazards to spacecraft and astronauts.

text: Solar flares strongly influence space weather near the Earth. They can produce streams of highly energetic particles in the solar wind, known as a

text: solar proton event

text: . These particles can impact the Earth's magnetosphere in the form of a

text: geomagnetic storm

text: and present

text: radiation

text: hazards to spacecraft and astronauts.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: magnetosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: magnetosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: a solar proton event.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar flares

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Solar flares

text: Captain Janet Fraiser, the resident Chief Medical Officer of the SGC (played by Teryl Rothery, seasons 1–7, 9) – She is responsible for maintaining the health of the SG teams, as well as the SGC's support staff and base personnel. On many occasions, she also cares for the health of alien refugees to Earth, including Goa'uld symbiotes. In her first appearance in "The Broca Divide", Dr. Fraiser holds the rank of Captain, and is promoted to Major in Season 3. In season 1's "Singularity", Fraiser adopts Cassandra, an alien orphan whose people had been exterminated by the Goa'uld System Lord Nirrti. Dr. Fraiser is killed by a staffweapon blast in season 7's "Heroes" during an off-world medical emergency, but she returns in season 9's "Ripple Effect" as a parallel universe version of Dr. Fraiser, in her reality a regular member of SG-1. Before Fraiser returns to her reality, Carter, Jackson and Teal'c are able to give her a final goodbye. Dr. Fraiser is also shown alive in an alternate timeline in the year 2010 in season 4's "2010", but Fraiser and SG-1 alter the timeline to prevent a catastrophe on Earth involving the Aschen race.

text: Captain Janet Fraiser, the resident

text: Chief Medical Officer

text: of the SGC (played by

text: Teryl Rothery

text: , seasons 1–7, 9) – She is responsible for maintaining the health of the SG teams, as well as the SGC's support staff and base personnel. On many occasions, she also cares for the health of alien refugees to Earth, including Goa'uld symbiotes. In her first appearance in "

text: The Broca Divide

text: ", Dr. Fraiser holds the rank of Captain, and is promoted to Major in Season 3. In season 1's "

text: Singularity

text: ", Fraiser adopts

entity_name: List of recurring alien characters in Stargate SG-1

text: Cassandra

text: , an alien orphan whose people had been exterminated by the Goa'uld

text: System Lord

text: Nirrti

text: . Dr. Fraiser is killed by a staffweapon blast in season 7's "

text: Heroes

text: " during an off-world medical emergency, but she returns in season 9's "

text: Ripple Effect

text: " as a

text: parallel universe

text: version of Dr. Fraiser, in her reality a regular member of SG-1. Before Fraiser returns to her reality, Carter, Jackson and Teal'c are able to give her a final goodbye. Dr. Fraiser is also shown alive in an alternate timeline in the year 2010 in season 4's "

text: ", but Fraiser and SG-1 alter the timeline to prevent a catastrophe on Earth involving the

text: Aschen

text: race.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasons 1–7, 9

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Singularity

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Singularity

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Dr. Fraiser is also shown alive in an alternate timeline

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Singularity

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: maintaining the health of the SG teams,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Singularity",

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 9)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: SGC

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Aschen

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Cassandra,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: SG teams,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Captain Janet Fraiser, the resident Chief Medical Officer of the SGC

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2010

text: The second season begins to explore the concept of the multiverse, by introducing Earth-2, which features doppelgängers of the inhabitants in the Arrowverse (or Earth-1), along with Jay Garrick, the Flash of Earth-2, and Zoom. In the episode "Welcome to Earth-2", as Barry, Cisco and Harrison Wells of Earth-2 travel to Earth-2, glimpses of the multiverse are seen, including an image of Supergirl star Melissa Benoist as Supergirl and an image of John Wesley Shipp as the Flash from the 1990 television series, implying the two characters and their respective television series exist on alternate Earths to the Arrowverse; Supergirl exists on Earth-38 in the Arrowverse multiverse. Gustin as Barry appeared on the eighteenth episode of Supergirl, "Worlds Finest", which aired on CBS on March 28, 2016. Intersecting with the events of the eighteenth episode of The Flash, which aired on April 19, 2016, Barry accidentally arrives on Earth-38 and helps Kara battle two of her enemies, Silver Banshee (Italia Ricci) and Livewire (Brit Morgan), before returning home.

text: The second season begins to explore the concept of the multiverse, by introducing Earth-2, which features

text: doppelgänger

text: s of the inhabitants in the Arrowverse (or Earth-1), along with

text: Jay Garrick

text: , the Flash of Earth-2, and

text: Zoom

text: . In the episode "

text: Welcome to Earth-2

text: ", as Barry, Cisco and Harrison Wells of Earth-2 travel to Earth-2, glimpses of the multiverse are seen, including an image of

text: Supergirl

text: star

text: Melissa Benoist

text: as

text: Supergirl

text: and an image of

text: John Wesley Shipp

text: as the Flash from the

text: 1990 television series

text: , implying the two characters and their respective television series exist on alternate Earths to the Arrowverse; Supergirl exists on Earth-38 in the Arrowverse multiverse. Gustin as Barry appeared on the eighteenth episode of Supergirl, "

text: Worlds Finest

text: ", which aired on CBS on March 28, 2016. Intersecting with the events of the eighteenth episode of The Flash, which aired on April 19, 2016, Barry accidentally arrives on Earth-38 and helps Kara battle two of her enemies,

text: Silver Banshee

text: Italia Ricci

text: ) and

text: Livewire

text: Brit Morgan

text: ), before returning home.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: explore the concept of the multiverse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-1

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March 28, 2016

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: explore the concept of the multiverse,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The second season begins to explore the concept of the multiverse,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2016.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Supergirl exists on Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March 28, 2016.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth-2,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2016.

text: Kitsis and Horowitz joined the crew of Lost midway through the first season as a writer and producer team in 2005. They were promoted to supervising producers for the second season in fall 2005. Kitsis, Horowitz and the writing staff won the Writers Guild of America (WGA) Award for Best Dramatic Series at the February 2006 ceremony for their work on the first and second seasons. They were promoted to co-executive producers for the third season in the 2006-2007 television season. They returned as a co-executive producers and writers for the fourth season in 2008. Kitsis and Horowitz were nominated for the WGA Award for Best Dramatic Series at the February 2009 ceremony for their work on the fourth season of Lost. They were promoted to executive producers for the fifth season in 2009. The writing staff was nominated for the WGA award for Best Dramatic Series again at the February 2010 ceremony for their work on the fifth season. Kitsis and Horowitz remained as executive producers and regular writers for the sixth and final season in 2010.

text: Kitsis and Horowitz joined the crew of

text: Lost

text: midway through the

text: first season

text: as a writer and producer team in 2005. They were promoted to supervising producers for the

text: second season

text: in fall 2005. Kitsis, Horowitz and the writing staff won the

text: Writers Guild of America (WGA) Award

text: for Best Dramatic Series at the

text: February 2006 ceremony

text: for their work on the first and second seasons. They were promoted to co-executive producers for the

text: third season

text: in the 2006-2007 television season. They returned as a co-executive producers and writers for the

text: fourth season

text: in 2008. Kitsis and Horowitz were nominated for the WGA Award for Best Dramatic Series at the

text: February 2009 ceremony

text: for their work on the fourth season of Lost. They were promoted to executive producers for the

text: fifth season

text: in 2009. The writing staff was nominated for the WGA award for Best Dramatic Series again at the

text: February 2010

text: ceremony for their work on the fifth season. Kitsis and Horowitz remained as executive producers and regular writers for the

text: sixth and final season

text: in 2010.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Kitsis, Horowitz and the writing staff won the Writers Guild of America

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February 2006

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Kitsis and Horowitz remained as executive producers and regular writers for the sixth and final season in 2010.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: their work on the first and second seasons.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Lost

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: fall 2005.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Lost

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 2010.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2005.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Kitsis and Horowitz joined the crew of Lost

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: fall 2005.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: sixth and final season in 2010.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2005.

text: Benoist appears in season 3 of The Flash, season 5 of Arrow and season 2 of Legends of Tomorrow. When the Arrowverse Earth is attacked by the alien Dominators, Barry Allen travels to Kara's Earth- identified as Earth-38 in the DC CW multiverse- to recruit her assistance in opposing the invasion. After the battle concludes, Kara is given a device by Cisco Ramon that will allow her to travel back and forth to Earth-1, as well as call the other heroes for assistance if required.

text: Benoist appears in season 3 of

text: The Flash

text: , season 5 of

text: Arrow

text: and season 2 of

text: Legends of Tomorrow

text: . When the Arrowverse Earth is attacked by the alien

text: Dominators

text: , Barry Allen travels to Kara's Earth- identified as Earth-38 in the DC CW multiverse- to recruit her assistance in opposing the invasion. After the battle concludes, Kara is given a device by

text: Cisco Ramon

text: that will allow her to travel back and forth to Earth-1, as well as call the other heroes for assistance if required.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to recruit her assistance in opposing the invasion

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the Arrowverse Earth is attacked by the alien Dominators

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to recruit her assistance in opposing the invasion.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth-1,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Benoist appears in season 3

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 3

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-1,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth-38

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 3

text: The interglacials and glacials coincide with cyclic changes in the Earth's orbit. Three orbital variations contribute to interglacials. The first is a change in the Earth's orbit around the sun, or eccentricity. The second is a shift in the tilt of the Earth's axis, the obliquity. The third is precession, or wobbling motion of Earth's axis.Warm summers in the Southern hemisphere occur when that hemisphere is tilted toward the sun and the Earth is nearest the sun in its elliptical orbit. Cool summers occur when the Earth is farthest from the sun during that season.  These effects are more pronounced when the eccentricity of the orbit is large. When the obliquity is large, seasonal changes are more extreme.

text: The interglacials and glacials coincide with cyclic changes in the

text: Earth's orbit

text: . Three orbital variations contribute to interglacials. The first is a change in the Earth's orbit around the sun, or

text: eccentricity

text: . The second is a shift in the tilt of the Earth's axis, the

text: obliquity

text: . The third is

text: precession

text: , or wobbling motion of Earth's axis.Warm

text: summers

text: in the Southern hemisphere occur when that hemisphere is tilted toward the sun and the Earth is nearest the sun in its elliptical orbit. Cool summers occur when the Earth is farthest from the sun during that season.  These effects are more pronounced when the eccentricity of the orbit is large. When the obliquity is large, seasonal changes are more extreme.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cyclic changes in the Earth's orbit

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cool summers occur when the Earth is farthest from the sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: when the Earth is farthest from the sun during that season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summers

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cyclic changes in the Earth's orbit.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: axis.Warm summers

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Cool summers

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Cool summers

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Cool summers occur when the Earth is farthest from the sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summers

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axis.Warm summers in the Southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summers in the Southern hemisphere

text: The fifth and final season of the military science fiction television series Stargate Atlantis commenced airing on the Sci Fi Channel in the United States on July 11, 2008, concluded on the same channel on January 9, 2009, and contained 20 episodes. The show itself is a spin off of its sister show, Stargate SG-1. The season upgrades previous supporting characters cast members such as Richard Woolsey (from Stargate SG-1) and Jennifer Keller. Amanda Tapping's character Samantha Carter was downgraded to recurring character in this season. The fifth and final season is about a military-science expedition team fighting against the Wraith from their base of operation, Atlantis. The Wraith primary goal is to gather a fleet to invade Atlantis and find their new "feeding ground", Earth.

text: The fifth and final season of the

text: military science fiction

text: television series

text: Stargate Atlantis

text: commenced airing on the

text: Sci Fi Channel

text: in the United States on July 11, 2008, concluded on the same channel on January 9, 2009, and contained 20 episodes. The show itself is a

text: spin off

text: of its

text: sister show

text: Stargate SG-1

text: . The season upgrades previous

text: supporting character

text: s cast members such as

text: Richard Woolsey

text: (from Stargate SG-1) and

text: Jennifer Keller

text: Amanda Tapping

text: 's character

text: Samantha Carter

text: was downgraded to recurring character in this season. The fifth and final season is about a military-science expedition team fighting against the

text: Wraith

text: from their base of operation,

text: Atlantis

text: . The

text: Wraith

text: primary goal is to gather a fleet to invade Atlantis and find their new "feeding ground",

text: Earth

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The show itself is a spin off of its sister show, Stargate SG-1

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Atlantis

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 9, 2009

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: January 9

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a military-science expedition team fighting against the Wraith

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "feeding ground", Earth.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: July 11, 2008,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 9, 2009,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: January 9, 2009,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: July 11, 2008, concluded on the same channel on January 9, 2009,

text: Chris Thompson returned to the Eskimos for the 2010 CFL season. He would remain on the team for the next season through the 2013 CFL season. During those 4 seasons Thompson averaged 46.7 tackles per season and totaled 19 interceptions. Following the 2013 CFL season Thompson was released by the Eskimos on March 14, 2014.

text: Chris Thompson returned to the Eskimos for the

text: 2010 CFL season

text: . He would remain on the team for the next season through the

text: 2013 CFL season

text: . During those 4 seasons Thompson averaged 46.7 tackles per season and totaled 19 interceptions. Following the 2013 CFL season Thompson was released by the Eskimos on March 14, 2014.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Thompson averaged 46.7 tackles per season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: averaged 46.7 tackles per season and totaled 19 interceptions.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Chris Thompson returned to the Eskimos

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 2014.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March 14, 2014.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 46.7 tackles per season and totaled 19 interceptions.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2013 CFL season.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March 14, 2014.

text: On August 9 at 0805 UT, sunspot 1263 produced a massive X6.9-class solar flare, the third X-flare of Solar Cycle 24 and the most powerful so far (as of May 2013). There was also a CME associated with this burst. Although the flare was not Earth-directed, radiation created waves of ionization in Earth's upper atmosphere, briefly disrupting communications at some VLF and HF radio frequencies. A R3-level (strong) radio blackout alert was issued. A proton event greater than 10 MeV (=million electron volts) ions and exceeding 10 pfu (=proton flux units) was also reported, so a S1-level solar radiation storm was also issued.

text: On August 9 at 0805 UT, sunspot 1263 produced a massive X6.9-class solar flare, the third X-flare of Solar Cycle 24 and the most powerful so far (as of May 2013). There was also a CME associated with this burst. Although the flare was not Earth-directed, radiation created waves of ionization in Earth's upper atmosphere, briefly disrupting communications at some VLF and HF radio frequencies. A R3-level (strong) radio blackout alert was issued. A proton event greater than 10 MeV (=million electron volts) ions and exceeding 10 pfu (=proton flux units) was also reported, so a S1-level solar radiation storm was also issued.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar flare

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: UT

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: UT

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar Cycle 24

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: X-flare of Solar Cycle 24

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 24

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 2013).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper atmosphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: August 9

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: August 9 at 0805 UT,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 0805 UT,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: third X-flare of Solar Cycle 24

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: August 9

text: In the Northern Hemisphere, some authorities define the period of winter based on astronomical fixed points (i.e. based solely on the position of the Earth in its orbit around the sun), regardless of weather conditions. In one version of this definition, winter begins at the winter solstice and ends at the vernal equinox.These dates are somewhat later than those used to define the beginning and end of the meteorological winter – usually considered to span the entirety of December, January, and February in the Northern Hemisphere and June, July, and August in the Southern.

text: In the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , some authorities define the period of winter based on astronomical fixed points (i.e. based solely on the position of the Earth in its orbit around the sun), regardless of weather conditions. In one version of this definition, winter begins at the

text: winter solstice

text: and ends at the

text: vernal equinox

text: .These dates are somewhat later than those used to define the beginning and end of the meteorological winter – usually considered to span the entirety of December, January, and February in the Northern Hemisphere and June, July, and August in the Southern.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the position of the Earth in its orbit around the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter begins

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: dates are somewhat later than those used to define the beginning and end

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the position of the Earth in its orbit around the sun),

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox.These

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: June, July, and August

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: vernal equinox.These

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter begins

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: vernal equinox.These

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox.These

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter based on astronomical fixed points

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox.These

text: Equinox has been covered by:

text: Equinox has been covered by:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: ice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: sand

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: ice

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: snow

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's shadow

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: ice

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: the sun

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Equinox has been covered

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox

text: In February 2005, Walls signed with the Blue Bombers and ended up having one of the most successful rookie seasons in team history.  He led the team in quarterback sacks with 12, second best that season in the CFL, and was named CFL Rookie of the Year following the 2005 season.  He was recognized as CFL Lineman of the Week four times during the season and was selected as a CFL West Division All-Star and a CFLPA All-Star for the season.  During the season, he scored two touchdowns, unusual for a defensive lineman.

text: In February 2005, Walls signed with the Blue Bombers and ended up having one of the most successful rookie seasons in team history.  He led the team in quarterback sacks with 12, second best that season in the CFL, and was named CFL Rookie of the Year following the 2005 season.  He was recognized as CFL Lineman of the Week four times during the season and was selected as a CFL West Division All-Star and a CFLPA All-Star for the season.  During the season, he scored two touchdowns, unusual for a defensive lineman.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Walls signed with the Blue Bombers

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: West

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth revolves around the sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: one of the most successful rookie seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: CFL West Division All-Star

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 12,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 12,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: West

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 12,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: he scored two touchdowns,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: February 2005,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 12,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2005,

text: Today, northern hemisphere summer is 4.66 days longer than winter and spring is 2.9 days longer than autumn. As axial precession changes the place in the Earth's orbit where the solstices and equinoxes occur, Northern hemisphere winters will get longer and summers will get shorter, eventually creating conditions believed to be favorable for triggering the next glacial period.

text: Today, northern hemisphere summer is 4.66 days longer than winter and spring is 2.9 days longer than autumn. As

text: axial precession

text: changes the place in the Earth's orbit where the

text: solstices

text: and

text: equinoxes

text: occur, Northern hemisphere winters will get longer and summers will get shorter, eventually creating conditions believed to be favorable for triggering the next glacial period.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes the place in the Earth's orbit where the solstices and equinoxes occur

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winters will get longer and summers will get shorter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern hemisphere winters will get longer and summers will get shorter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: axial precession

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: axial precession

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summers will get shorter,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: autumn.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern hemisphere winters will get longer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: axial precession

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial precession

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2.9 days longer than autumn.

text: The Calgary Stampeders chose Comiskey 19th overall in the third round of the 2005 CFL Draft and he played seven games of the 2005 CFL season and all 18 games of the 2006 CFL season for the Stampeders. Comiskey played 13 regular season games of the 2007 CFL season for Calgary and the West Semi-Final game, missing five games due to a shoulder nerve injury.

text: The

text: Calgary Stampeders

text: chose Comiskey 19th overall in the third round of the

text: 2005 CFL Draft

text: and he played seven games of the

text: 2005 CFL season

text: and all 18 games of the

text: 2006 CFL season

text: for the Stampeders. Comiskey played 13 regular season games of the

text: 2007 CFL season

text: for Calgary and the

text: West

text: Semi-Final game, missing five games due to a shoulder nerve injury.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a shoulder nerve injury

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: shoulder nerve injury.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: West Semi-Final

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2005

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: West Semi-Final

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: West Semi-Final

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: he played seven

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: he played seven

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2006

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2005 CFL Draft

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2007

text: The solstices (as well as the equinoxes) mark the middle of the seasons in traditional East Asian calendars. Here, the Chinese character 至 means "extreme", so the term for the summer solstice directly signifies the summit of summer.

text: The solstices (as well as the

text: equinox

text: es) mark the middle of the seasons in traditional East Asian calendars. Here, the Chinese character

text: 至

text: means "extreme", so the term for the summer solstice directly signifies the summit of summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinoxes mark the middle of the seasons in traditional East Asian calendars

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: mark the middle of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Chinese character <unk> means "extreme",

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The solstices

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer solstice directly signifies the summit of summer.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summit of summer.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: mark the middle of the seasons in traditional East Asian calendars.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The solstices

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer solstice

text: This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks that occurred in 2008, primarily (but not entirely) in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally, particularly in parts of neighboring southern Canada during the Northern Hemisphere's summer season. Some tornadoes also take place in Europe, e. g. in the United Kingdom, Poland or in Germany.There were 1,692 tornadoes confirmed in the United States in 2008, with 126 confirmed fatalities. This made 2008 the deadliest year in that country since 1998. Nine other fatalities have been reported elsewhere in the world: three in France, two each in Bangladesh and Poland and one each in Russia and China. With 1,692 confirmed tornadoes, 2008 ranked as the third most active US tornado season on record, only 2011 and 2004 have had more tornadoes confirmed with 1,700 and 1,817, respectively. The US state of Kansas received the most tornadoes in the United States in 2008 with 187.

text: This page documents the

text: tornado

text: es and

text: tornado outbreak

text: s that occurred in 2008, primarily (but not entirely) in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally, particularly in parts of neighboring southern Canada during the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: 's summer season. Some tornadoes also take place in Europe, e. g. in the United Kingdom, Poland or in Germany.There were 1,692 tornadoes confirmed in the United States in 2008, with 126 confirmed fatalities. This made 2008 the deadliest year in that country since 1998. Nine other fatalities have been reported elsewhere in the world: three in France, two each in

text: Bangladesh

text: and

text: Poland

text: and one each in

text: Russia

text: and China. With 1,692 confirmed tornadoes, 2008 ranked as the third most active US tornado season on record, only

text: and

text: have had more tornadoes confirmed with 1,700 and 1,817, respectively. The US state of

text: Kansas

text: received the most tornadoes in the United States in 2008 with 187.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Most tornadoes form in the U.S

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: during the Northern Hemisphere's summer season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth's axis of rotation is pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from Polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Most tornadoes form in the U.S.,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer season.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Northern Hemisphere's summer season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere's summer season.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Kansas

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere's summer season.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Hemisphere's summer season.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer season.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 187.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Northern Hemisphere's summer season.

text: The major controlling factor over a tropical monsoon climate is its relationship to the monsoon circulation. The monsoon is a seasonal change in wind direction. In Asia, during the summer (or high-sun season) there is an onshore flow of air (air moving from ocean towards land). In the “winter” (or low-sun season) an offshore air flow (air moving from land toward water) is prevalent. The change in direction is due to the difference in the way water and land heat. October is the hottest month no matter whether is it in the southern or northern hemisphere. This is because October is the shoulder season of the year as if it is the end of the wet season and no winter winds blowing ( Northeast monsoon).

text: The major controlling factor over a tropical monsoon climate is its relationship to the

text: monsoon

text: circulation. The monsoon is a seasonal change in wind direction. In Asia, during the summer (or high-sun season) there is an onshore flow of air (air moving from ocean towards land). In the “winter” (or low-sun season) an offshore air flow (air moving from land toward water) is prevalent. The change in direction is due to the difference in the way water and land heat. October is the hottest month no matter whether is it in the southern or northern hemisphere. This is because October is the shoulder season of the year as if it is the end of the wet season and no winter winds blowing ( Northeast monsoon).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: difference in the way water and land heat

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: low-sun season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is the end of the wet season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: difference in the way water and land heat.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: high-sun season)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: onshore flow of air

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Asia,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern or northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: an offshore air flow

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: October is the hottest month

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: October

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: October

text: Swaziland is divided into four climatic regions, the Highveld, Middleveld, Lowveld and Lubombo plateau. The seasons are the reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere with December being mid-summer and June mid-winter. Generally speaking, rain falls mostly during the summer months, often in the form of thunderstorms.

text: Swaziland is divided into four climatic regions, the Highveld, Middleveld, Lowveld and Lubombo plateau. The seasons are the reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere with December being mid-summer and June mid-winter. Generally speaking, rain falls mostly during the summer months, often in the form of thunderstorms.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: June

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: December being mid-summer and June mid-winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: mid-summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Generally speaking, rain falls mostly during the summer months,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The seasons are the reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: June

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The seasons are the reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December being mid-summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The seasons are the reverse of those in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: June

text: In about 13,000 years, the north pole will be tilted toward the Sun when the Earth is at perihelion. Axial tilt and orbital eccentricity will both contribute their maximum increase in solar radiation during the northern hemisphere's summer. Seasons will be more extreme in the northern hemisphere and less extreme in the south.

text: In about 13,000 years, the north pole will be tilted toward the Sun when the Earth is at perihelion. Axial tilt and orbital eccentricity will both contribute their maximum increase in solar radiation during the northern hemisphere's summer. Seasons will be more extreme in the northern hemisphere and less extreme in the south.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: less extreme in the south

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: less extreme in the south

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Axial tilt and orbital eccentricity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Seasons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: south.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere's

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the north pole will be tilted toward the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Axial tilt and orbital eccentricity

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: perihelion.

text: His works on astronomical explanations of ice ages, especially his curve of insolation for the past 130,000 years, received support from the climatologist Wladimir Köppen and geophysicist Alfred Wegener. Köppen noted that Milanković's theory is useful for paleoclimatological researchers. Milanković received a letter on 22 September 1922 from Köppen, who asked him to expand his studies from 130,000 years to 600,000 years. They agreed that summer insolation is a crucial factor for climate. After developing the mathematical machinery enabling him to calculate the insolation in any given geographical latitude and for any annual season, Milanković was ready to start the realization of the mathematical description of climate of the Earth in the past. Milanković spent 100 days doing the calculations and prepared a graph of solar radiation changes at geographical latitudes of 55°, 60° and 65° north for the past 650,000 years. Milanković believed that these were the latitudes on Earth most sensitive to the change of thermal balance. From that time there is an anecdote, when Milanković's good friend and professor of geography, Jovan Cvijić, asked him: Why do you calculate temperature conditions at the top of the atmosphere, what is the purpose?!

text: His works on astronomical explanations of ice ages, especially his curve of insolation for the past 130,000 years, received support from the climatologist

text: Wladimir Köppen

text: and geophysicist

text: Alfred Wegener

text: . Köppen noted that Milanković's theory is useful for

text: paleoclimatological

text: researchers. Milanković received a letter on 22 September 1922 from Köppen, who asked him to expand his studies from 130,000 years to 600,000 years. They agreed that summer insolation is a crucial factor for climate. After developing the mathematical machinery enabling him to calculate the insolation in any given geographical latitude and for any annual season, Milanković was ready to start the realization of the mathematical description of climate of the Earth in the past. Milanković spent 100 days doing the calculations and prepared a graph of

text: solar radiation

text: changes at geographical latitudes of 55°, 60° and

text: north for the past 650,000 years. Milanković believed that these were the latitudes on Earth most sensitive to the change of thermal balance. From that time there is an

text: anecdote

text: , when Milanković's good friend and professor of geography,

text: Jovan Cvijić

text: , asked him: Why do you calculate temperature conditions at the top of the atmosphere, what is the purpose?!

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: summer insolation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer insolation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer insolation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 65° north

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 65° north

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: insolation is a crucial factor for climate

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer insolation is a crucial factor

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: summer insolation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer insolation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer insolation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 55°, 60° and 65° north

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 65° north

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer insolation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer insolation is a crucial factor for climate.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: summer insolation is a crucial factor for climate.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer insolation is a crucial factor for climate.

text: The Sun emits energy across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Solar energy strikes the surface of objects. Some of that energy is absorbed and stored as heat (thermal energy). After sunset, this thermal energy remains and is emitted in the form of IR radiation.

text: The Sun emits energy across the entire

text: electromagnetic spectrum

text: . Solar energy strikes the surface of objects. Some of that energy is absorbed and stored as heat (

text: thermal energy

text: ). After sunset, this thermal energy remains and is emitted in the form of IR radiation.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar energy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the southernmost part

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the sun does not produce heat

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar energy is emitted

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunset

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Sun emits energy across the entire electromagnetic spectrum.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sunset,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Sun emits energy across the entire electromagnetic spectrum.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: sunset,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sunset,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: After sunset,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: After sunset,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunset,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Sun emits energy across the entire electromagnetic spectrum.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Sun emits energy across the entire electromagnetic spectrum.

text: Winter begins in the Northern Hemisphere. Zoo animals that cannot survive it, such as elephants, must migrate to southern latitudes or die. Meanwhile, without artificial heating, cockroaches die by the billions. Animals from the forests seek refuge in human homes. During their stay, they cause further damage to the abandoned furniture.

text: Winter begins in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: . Zoo animals that cannot survive it, such as elephants, must migrate to southern latitudes or die. Meanwhile, without artificial heating,

text: cockroach

text: es die by the billions. Animals from the forests seek refuge in human homes. During their stay, they cause further damage to the abandoned

text: furniture

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it starts in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Winter begins in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Winter begins in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Winter begins in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Winter begins in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter begins in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Winter begins in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Winter begins in the Northern Hemisphere.

text: The solar cycle also modulates the flux of short-wavelength solar radiation, from ultraviolet to X-ray and influences the frequency of solar flares, coronal mass ejections and other solar eruptive phenomena.

text: The solar cycle also modulates the flux of short-wavelength solar radiation, from

text: ultraviolet

text: to

text: X-ray

text: and influences the frequency of

text: solar flare

text: s,

text: coronal mass ejection

text: s and other solar eruptive phenomena.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: X-ray

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: influences the frequency of solar flares

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: The solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: coronal mass ejections

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ultraviolet to X-ray

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The solar cycle also modulates the flux of short-wavelength solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The solar cycle also modulates the flux of short-wavelength solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: The solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The solar cycle

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The solar cycle

text: A leap day is observed because a complete revolution around the Sun takes approximately 6 hours longer than 365 days (8,760 hours). A leap day compensates for this lag, realigning the calendar with the Earth's position in the Solar System; otherwise, seasons would occur earlier than intended in the calendar year. Originally, the Julian calendar added a leap day every four years, but this turned out to add too many days, making the equinoxes and solstices shift gradually to earlier dates.  As the shifting became noticeable (by the late 16th century the vernal equinox had drifted to March 11) the Gregorian calendar was introduced both to shift it back by omitting several days, and to reduce the number of leap years via the "century rule" to keep the equinoxes more or less fixed and the date of Easter consistently close to the vernal equinox.

text: A leap day is observed because a complete revolution around the Sun takes approximately 6 hours longer than 365 days (8,760 hours). A leap day compensates for this lag, realigning the calendar with the Earth's position in the

text: Solar System

text: ; otherwise, seasons would occur earlier than intended in the calendar year. Originally, the

text: Julian calendar

text: added a leap day every four years, but this turned out to add too many days, making the equinoxes and solstices shift gradually to earlier dates.  As the shifting became noticeable (by the late 16th century the vernal equinox had drifted to March 11) the Gregorian calendar was introduced both to shift it back by omitting several days, and to reduce the number of leap years via the "century rule" to keep the equinoxes more or less fixed and the date of

text: Easter

text: consistently close to the

text: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: A leap day compensates for this lag

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 8760 hours

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March 11

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Gregorian calendar

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: earlier than intended in the calendar year.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes and solstices

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (8,760 hours).

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March 11)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: shift gradually to earlier dates.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth's position in the Solar System;

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March 11)

text: In this area, Solar radiation is important and must be understood. Solar radiation affects the earths weather and daylight available. This affects not only the earths environment but also the smaller internal environments which we create.

text: In this area, Solar radiation is important and must be understood. Solar radiation affects the earths weather and daylight available. This affects not only the earths environment but also the smaller internal environments which we create.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: ecliptic

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: how does solar radiation affect the earths weather

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: daylight is reduced

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar radiation affects the earths weather and daylight

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: what is the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Solar radiation affects the earths weather

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: daylight available.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Solar radiation affects the earths weather and daylight available.

text: At the moment of the equinox, it is traditional to observe Earth Day by ringing the Japanese Peace Bell, which was donated by Japan to the United Nations. Over the years, celebrations have occurred in various places worldwide at the same time as the UN celebration. On March 20, 2008, in addition to the ceremony at the United Nations, ceremonies were held in New Zealand, and bells were sounded in California, Vienna, Paris, Lithuania, Tokyo, and many other locations. The equinox Earth Day at the UN is organized by the Earth Society Foundation.

text: At the moment of the equinox, it is traditional to observe Earth Day by ringing the

text: Japanese Peace Bell

text: , which was donated by Japan to the United Nations. Over the years, celebrations have occurred in various places worldwide at the same time as the UN celebration. On March 20, 2008, in addition to the ceremony at the United Nations, ceremonies were held in New Zealand, and bells were sounded in California, Vienna, Paris, Lithuania, Tokyo, and many other locations. The equinox Earth Day at the UN is organized by the Earth Society Foundation.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth Day

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: the equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: California

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth Day

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is traditional to observe Earth Day

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: California,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth Day

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is traditional to observe Earth Day by ringing the Japanese Peace Bell,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: At the moment of the equinox,

text: He was traded to the Roughriders in May 1988 for a fourth-round pick in the 1989 CFL Draft and returned as a 1988 CFL season and 1990 CFL season West Division All-Star.

text: He was traded to the Roughriders in May 1988 for a fourth-round pick in the

text: 1989 CFL Draft

text: and returned as a

text: 1988 CFL season

text: and

text: 1990 CFL season

text: West Division

text: All-Star.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: West Division All-Star

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a fourth-round pick in the 1989 CFL Draft

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: West Division All-Star.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1988 CFL season and 1990 CFL season West Division All-Star.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1988 CFL season and 1990 CFL season West Division All-Star.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: West Division

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1988

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: He was traded to the Roughriders in May 1988

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1988

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1988 CFL season and 1990 CFL season West Division All-Star.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1988

text: Before there can be scientific experimentation, organizations must be compliant with good governance, meaning that testing must be moral and practical. Many research organizations such as SPICE (Stratospheric Particle Injection for Climate Engineering) a geoengineering research project that was formed in the U.K. was required to go through stages of evaluation before testing could be conducted if they were to be funded by stakeholders. In 2011 SPICE made plans to experiment with solar radiation. The method for this experiment included injecting stratospheric sulfur aerosols into the Earths atmosphere.

text: Before there can be scientific experimentation, organizations must be compliant with good governance, meaning that testing must be moral and practical. Many research organizations such as

entity_name: Stratospheric Particle Injection for Climate Engineering

text: SPICE

text: (Stratospheric Particle Injection for Climate Engineering) a geoengineering research project that was formed in the U.K. was required to go through stages of evaluation before testing could be conducted if they were to be funded by stakeholders. In 2011 SPICE made plans to experiment with solar radiation. The method for this experiment included injecting

entity_name: Stratospheric sulfate aerosols (geoengineering)

text: stratospheric sulfur aerosols

text: into the Earths atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earths atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: stratospheric

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Before there can be scientific experimentation,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: U.K.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: stratospheric

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: testing must be moral and practical.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: testing must be moral and practical.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Before there can be scientific experimentation,

text: In season seven, Brainiac is revealed to be alive, and is slowly regaining strength by draining people of their natural metal content. Brainiac re-forms into Milton Fine in the season seven episode "Persona", and learns that his creator, Dax-Ur, is on Earth. Brainiac kills Dax-Ur, downloading the Kryptonian's knowledge so that he can completely repair himself. In season seven's "Apocalypse", Brainiac attempts to go back to Krypton just before it is destroyed and kill the infant Kal-El—he ultimately fails. In the season seven finale, Chloe discovers Brainiac has been impersonating Kara since she and Clark returned from Krypton. Brainiac attacks Chloe and puts her in a coma, but Clark destroys Brainiac before he can locate a device hidden on Earth which would allow him to control Clark. In season eight, Chloe is infected by Brainiac, who attempts to use her as a vessel while trying to take over Earth. In "Legion", he is subsequently exorcised from Chloe's body by the Legion of Super-Heroes, and taken back to the 31st Century to be reprogrammed. The reprogrammed Brainiac returns in the season ten episode "Homecoming" to show Clark his past, present, and future and help him find confidence in becoming the hero the world needs.

text: In season seven, Brainiac is revealed to be alive, and is slowly regaining strength by draining people of their natural metal content. Brainiac re-forms into Milton Fine in the season seven episode "Persona", and learns that his creator, Dax-Ur, is on Earth. Brainiac kills Dax-Ur, downloading the Kryptonian's knowledge so that he can completely repair himself. In season seven's "Apocalypse", Brainiac attempts to go back to Krypton just before it is destroyed and kill the infant Kal-El—he ultimately fails. In the season seven finale, Chloe discovers Brainiac has been impersonating Kara since she and Clark returned from Krypton. Brainiac attacks Chloe and puts her in a coma, but Clark destroys Brainiac before he can locate a device hidden on Earth which would allow him to control Clark. In season eight, Chloe is infected by Brainiac, who attempts to use her as a vessel while trying to take over Earth. In "Legion", he is subsequently exorcised from Chloe's body by the

text: Legion of Super-Heroes

text: , and taken back to the 31st Century to be reprogrammed. The

text: reprogrammed Brainiac

text: returns in the season ten episode "Homecoming" to show Clark his past, present, and future and help him find confidence in becoming the hero the world needs.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to show Clark his past, present, and future

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Krypton

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the season seven finale

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth is not a planet

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 31st Century

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: help him find confidence in becoming the hero the world needs.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Apocalypse",

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seven,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Krypton.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seven,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: slowly regaining strength by draining people of their natural metal content.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 31st Century

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Brainiac,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: seven,

text: Radiation in space usually comes from three main sources: (i) the Van Allen radiation belts; (ii) solar proton events and solar energetic particles; and (iii) galactic cosmic rays. For long duration missions, the high doses of radiation can damage electronic components and solar cells. A major concern is also radiation-induced "single-event effects" such as single event upset. Manned missions usually avoid the radiation belts and the international space station is at an altitude well below the most severe regions of the radiation belts. During solar energetic events (solar flares and coronal mass ejections) particles can be accelerated to very high energies and can reach the Earth in times as short as 30 minutes (but usually take some hours). These particles are mainly protons and heavier ions that can cause radiation damage, disruption to logic circuits and even hazards to astronauts. Manned missions to return to the Moon or to travel to Mars will have to deal with the major problems presented by solar particle events to radiation safety, in addition to the important contribution to doses from the low-level background cosmic rays. In near-Earth orbits, the Earth's geomagnetic field screens spacecraft from a large part of these hazards - a process called geomagnetic shielding.Space debris and meteoroids can impact spacecraft at high speeds, causing mechanical or electrical damage.  The average speed of space debris is 10 km/s  while the average speed of meteoroids is much greater.  For example, the meteoroids associated with the Perseid meteor shower travel at an average speed of 58 km/s.  Mechanical damage from debris impacts have been studied through space missions including LDEF, which had over 20,000 documented impacts through its 5.7 year mission.  Electrical anomalies associated with impact events include ESA's Olympus spacecraft, which lost attitude control during the 1993 Perseid meteor shower.  A similar event occurred with the Landsat 5 spacecraft during the 2009 Perseid meteor shower.

text: Radiation in space usually comes from three main sources: (i) the

text: Van Allen radiation belts

text: ; (ii)

text: solar proton event

text: s and

text: solar energetic particle

text: s; and (iii) galactic

text: cosmic rays

text: . For long duration missions, the high doses of radiation can damage electronic components and solar cells. A major concern is also radiation-induced "single-event effects" such as

text: single event upset

text: . Manned missions usually avoid the radiation belts and the

text: international space station

text: is at an altitude well below the most severe regions of the radiation belts. During solar energetic events (

text: solar flares

text: and

text: coronal mass ejections

text: ) particles can be accelerated to very high energies and can reach the Earth in times as short as 30 minutes (but usually take some hours). These particles are mainly protons and heavier ions that can cause radiation damage, disruption to logic circuits and even hazards to astronauts. Manned missions to return to the Moon or to travel to Mars will have to deal with the major problems presented by solar particle events to radiation safety, in addition to the important contribution to doses from the low-level background

text: cosmic rays

text: . In near-Earth orbits, the Earth's

text: geomagnetic field

text: screens spacecraft from a large part of these hazards - a process called

text: geomagnetic shielding

text: .Space debris and meteoroids can impact spacecraft at high speeds, causing mechanical or electrical damage.  The average speed of space debris is 10 km/s  while the average speed of meteoroids is much greater.  For example, the meteoroids associated with the

text: Perseid meteor shower

text: travel at an average speed of 58 km/s.  Mechanical damage from debris impacts have been studied through space missions including

text: LDEF

text: , which had over 20,000 documented impacts through its 5.7 year mission.  Electrical anomalies associated with impact events include

text: ESA

text: 's Olympus spacecraft, which lost attitude control during the 1993 Perseid meteor shower.  A similar event occurred with the

text: Landsat 5

text: spacecraft during the 2009 Perseid meteor shower.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar proton events and solar energetic particles

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar energetic events

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Van Allen radiation belts

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: background cosmic rays.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: coronal mass ejections)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: low-level background cosmic rays.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: low-level background cosmic rays.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Van Allen radiation belts;

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: level background cosmic rays.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: low-level background cosmic rays.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: low-level background cosmic rays.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 10 km/s

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: low-level background cosmic rays.

text: 1990 CFL season | 1991 CFL season | 1992 CFL season | 1993 CFL season | 1994 CFL season | 1995 CFL season | 1996 CFL season | 1997 CFL season | 1998 CFL season | 1999 CFL season

text: 1990 CFL season

text: 1991 CFL season

text: 1992 CFL season

text: 1993 CFL season

text: 1994 CFL season

text: 1995 CFL season

text: 1996 CFL season

text: 1997 CFL season

text: 1998 CFL season

text: 1999 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cfl is a football league

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: the winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1997 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It has the same amount of daylight

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1997

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth rotates on its axis

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1998 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1998 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 1990 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1995 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1990 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1990 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 1990 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1990 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 1994

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1995 CFL season | 1996

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1990 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1996 CFL season | 1997 CFL season | 1998

text: However, the orbit of Mars has significantly greater eccentricity than that of Earth. Therefore, the seasons are of unequal length, much more so than on Earth:

text: However, the orbit of Mars has significantly greater

text: eccentricity

text: than that of Earth. Therefore, the seasons are of unequal length, much more so than on Earth:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mars has significantly greater eccentricity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Mars has significantly greater eccentricity than Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth has an equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the orbit of Mars has significantly greater eccentricity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the seasons are of unequal length, much more so than on Earth:

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth:

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the seasons are of unequal length,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the seasons are of unequal length,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons are of unequal length,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the seasons are of unequal length, much more so than on Earth:

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: the seasons are of unequal length, much more so than on Earth:

text: 7 Seeds takes place an unknown number of years after the collision of a large meteorite with Earth. As a result of the impact, the climate of Japan has greatly changed from what the characters knew from the present day. In the Kansai region there are only two seasons, a dry season and a longer, heavier rainy season. Takahiro of Winter group describes the winters in the northern island of Hokkaidō as being as mild as in Kanagawa Prefecture where he grew up. In addition, sea levels have risen greatly: downtown Yokohama is completely underwater, only the top hand of the statue in Nagasaki Peace Park is above the surface of the ocean. The geography of Japan has changed as well: after an eruption of Mount Aso, Kyūshū has been split into two islands, and the Kansai region is separated from central Honshū by a wide strait. The series depicts a Japan in which, as a result of the new environment and mass extinctions, ecosystems have changed and several new species of animals and plants have evolved.

text: 7 Seeds takes place an unknown number of years after the collision of a large meteorite with Earth. As a result of the impact, the climate of Japan has greatly changed from what the characters knew from the present day. In the

text: Kansai region

text: there are only two seasons, a dry season and a longer, heavier rainy season. Takahiro of Winter group describes the winters in the northern island of

text: Hokkaidō

text: as being as mild as in

text: Kanagawa Prefecture

text: where he grew up. In addition, sea levels have risen greatly: downtown

text: Yokohama

text: is completely underwater, only the top hand of the statue in

text: Nagasaki Peace Park

text: is above the surface of the ocean. The geography of Japan has changed as well: after an eruption of

text: Mount Aso

text: Kyūshū

text: has been split into two islands, and the Kansai region is separated from central

text: Honshū

text: by a wide strait. The series depicts a Japan in which, as a result of the new environment and mass extinctions,

text: ecosystems

text: have changed and several new species of animals and plants have

text: evolved

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the collision of a large meteorite with Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: central Honsh

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: a longer, heavier rainy season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a dry season and a longer, heavier rainy season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: new environment and mass extinctions,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter group

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: a dry season and a longer, heavier rainy season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Hokkaid<unk>

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mount Aso,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: a dry season and a longer, heavier rainy season.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: In the Kansai region there are only two seasons,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter group

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Winter group

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: two seasons,

text: However, the surface layer current running through the strait, the New Guinea Coastal Current, experiences a seasonal reversal. In boreal summer (northern hemisphere summer) characterized by the south-easterly monsoon, the westward current dominates; during boreal winter (northern hemisphere winter) under the influence of the northwesterly monsoonal winds, the eastward flow dominates.

text: However, the surface layer current running through the strait, the New Guinea Coastal Current, experiences a seasonal reversal. In boreal summer (northern hemisphere summer) characterized by the south-easterly monsoon, the westward current dominates; during boreal winter (northern hemisphere winter) under the influence of the northwesterly monsoonal winds, the eastward flow dominates.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: monsoonal winds

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the eastward flow dominates

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: northwesterly monsoonal winds,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: boreal summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: boreal summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: New Guinea Coastal Current, experiences a seasonal reversal.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the eastward flow dominates.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal reversal.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: boreal summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: seasonal reversal.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: boreal summer

text: Data, existing as of 2014, allowed the scientists to build a model of seasonal changes in Pluto's atmosphere. During the previous aphelion (1865) significant quantity of volatile ices was present in both northern and southern hemispheres. Approximately at the same time, the equinox occurred and the southern hemisphere became tilted towards the Sun. Local ices began to migrate to the northern hemisphere, and around 1900 the southern one became largely devoid of them. After the following equinox (1987), the southern hemisphere turned away from the Sun. Nonetheless, its surface was already substantially heated, and its big thermal inertia (provided by non-volatile water ice) greatly slowed down its cooling. That is why gases, which now intensively evaporate from northern hemisphere, cannot quickly condense in the southern, and keep accumulating in the atmosphere, increasing its pressure. Around , the southern hemisphere will cool enough to permit intensive condensation of the gases, and they will migrate there from the northern hemisphere, where is polar day. It will last till equinox near aphelion (about 2113). The northern hemisphere will not lose its volatile ices completely, and their evaporation will supply the atmosphere even at the aphelion. Overall change of atmospheric pressure in this model is about 4 times; the minimum was reached near , and the maximum near 2030. Full temperature range is only several degrees.

text: Data, existing as of 2014, allowed the scientists to build a model of seasonal changes in Pluto's atmosphere. During the previous aphelion (1865) significant quantity of volatile ices was present in both northern and southern hemispheres. Approximately at the same time, the equinox occurred and the southern hemisphere became tilted towards the Sun. Local ices began to migrate to the northern hemisphere, and around 1900 the southern one became largely devoid of them. After the following equinox (1987), the southern hemisphere turned away from the Sun. Nonetheless, its surface was already substantially heated, and its big

text: thermal inertia

text: (provided by non-volatile water ice) greatly slowed down its cooling. That is why gases, which now intensively evaporate from northern hemisphere, cannot quickly condense in the southern, and keep accumulating in the atmosphere, increasing its pressure. Around , the southern hemisphere will cool enough to permit intensive condensation of the gases, and they will migrate there from the northern hemisphere, where is polar day. It will last till equinox near aphelion (about 2113). The northern hemisphere will not lose its volatile ices completely, and their evaporation will supply the atmosphere even at the aphelion. Overall change of atmospheric pressure in this model is about 4 times; the minimum was reached near , and the maximum near 2030. Full temperature range is only several degrees.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the equinox occurred and the southern hemisphere became tilted towards the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: polar day

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: It will last till equinox near aphelion (about 2113

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the southern hemisphere became tilted towards the Sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the southern hemisphere became tilted towards the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: polar day.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar day.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the southern hemisphere became tilted towards the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the southern hemisphere became tilted towards the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the southern hemisphere became tilted towards the Sun.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: polar day.

text: In 1961, she guest-starred in the premiere episode of ABC's Bus Stop drama series with Marilyn Maxwell, a one-season drama set about a bus station/diner in fictitious Sunrise, Colorado. That same year, she appeared in the first season of CBS's Route 66 in the episode "The Clover Throne", and in the syndicated crime drama The Brothers Brannagan in the episode "Equinox". She also played Glamis Barlow, the title character, in the Perry Mason TV episode, "The Case of the Duplicate Daughter."

text: In 1961, she guest-starred in the premiere episode of

text: ABC

text: 's

text: Bus Stop

text: drama series with

text: Marilyn Maxwell

text: , a one-season

text: drama

text: set about a bus station/

text: diner

text: in fictitious Sunrise,

text: Colorado

text: . That same year, she appeared in the first season of CBS's

text: Route 66

text: in the episode "The Clover Throne", and in the

text: syndicated

text: crime drama

text: The Brothers Brannagan

text: in the episode "Equinox". She also played Glamis Barlow, the title character, in the

text: Perry Mason

text: TV episode, "The Case of the Duplicate Daughter."

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: set about a bus station/diner in fictitious Sunrise, Colorado

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Colorado

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the episode "Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: she appeared in the first season of CBS's Route 66

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: one-season drama set about a bus station/diner

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Equinox".

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Marilyn Maxwell,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Sunrise, Colorado.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Colorado.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: "Equinox".

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: syndicated crime drama The Brothers Brannagan

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "Equinox".

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Marilyn Maxwell,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Marilyn Maxwell,

text: Each episode of Batman: The Brave and the Bold features the main character (Batman) teaming up with other characters from the DC Universe to thwart villains or to solve crimes. Most episodes have a cold open with an escapade not related to the remainder of the episode. In the first season, the villain was Equinox, who later returned in "Time Out for Vengeance!"; and in the second season, the villain was the alien Starro. During production, the show's creator said that if a character's cold open appearance was deemed successful, then it may warrant exploring the character further in a future episode's main adventure.

text: Each episode of Batman: The Brave and the Bold features the main character (Batman) teaming up with other characters from the

text: DC Universe

text: to thwart villains or to solve crimes. Most episodes have a

text: cold open

text: with an escapade not related to the remainder of the episode. In the first season, the villain was Equinox, who later returned in "Time Out for Vengeance!"; and in the second season, the villain was the alien

text: Starro

text: . During production, the show's creator said that if a character's cold open appearance was deemed successful, then it may warrant exploring the character further in a future episode's main adventure.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: if a character's cold open appearance was deemed successful, then it may warrant exploring the character further in a future episode's main adventure.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the second season, the villain was the alien Starro

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: later returned in "Time Out for Vengeance!"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: if a character's cold open appearance was deemed successful,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Time Out for Vengeance!";

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Each episode of Batman: The Brave and the Bold

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Each episode of Batman: The Brave and the Bold

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Most episodes have a cold open with an escapade

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: later returned in "Time Out for Vengeance!";

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "Time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Each episode of Batman: The Brave and the Bold

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Each episode of Batman: The Brave and the Bold

text: After all 6 months had been completed, the autumn equinox spells were cast, then the winter season procedure began.

text: After all 6 months had been completed, the autumn equinox spells were cast, then the winter season procedure began.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: will the sun rise and set

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is during the winter season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the autumn equinox spells

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn equinox spells

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the winter season procedure began.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the autumn equinox spells were cast,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter season procedure began.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn equinox

text: In the Season Three finale of the re-imagined series, Kara Thrace returns to Galactica after her apparent death, claiming to have been to Earth and intending to lead the fleet there. The camera then pans out from the fleet to view the Milky Way galaxy, and then zooms back in to show Earth, confirming the existence of the planet. In the Season Four mid-season finale episode "Revelations", the fleet finally reaches Earth, only to discover that it is a lifeless, radioactive wasteland.

text: In the Season Three finale of the re-imagined series,

text: Kara Thrace

text: returns to Galactica after her apparent death, claiming to have been to Earth and intending to lead the fleet there. The camera then pans out from the fleet to view the

text: Milky Way

text: galaxy, and then zooms back in to show Earth, confirming the existence of the planet. In the Season Four mid-season finale episode "Revelations", the fleet finally reaches Earth, only to discover that it is a lifeless, radioactive wasteland.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: re-imagined series

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: wasteland

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: confirming the existence of the planet

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Kara Thrace returns to Galactica after her apparent death,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Season Four

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Season Three

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Galactica

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: radioactive wasteland.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Kara Thrace returns to Galactica

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: confirming the existence of the planet.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Milky Way

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: lifeless, radioactive wasteland.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Earth,

text: Equinox (later renamed to the "Equinox Desktop Environment") is an open-source, X Window System desktop project that started in 2000 by Martin Pekar, with help of others, most notably Mikko Lähteenmäki who wrote the (original) EDELIB, Dejan Lekic, and Szasz Pal. The original EDE GNU Savannah project is still available for visitors who want to look at the early source code. In September 2002 the project moved to SourceForge mainly because SourceForge offered Subversion as VCS and had compile-farms so they could test FLTK on different platforms. Soon after the project was moved to SourceForge, Sanel Zukan joined the project, and few years after, Vedran Ljubović. All former authors except Sanel and Vedran left the team due to the lack of interest. Today, Sanel and Vedran are major driving force of the project.

text: Equinox (later renamed to the "Equinox Desktop Environment") is an open-source, X Window System desktop project that started in 2000 by Martin Pekar, with help of others, most notably Mikko Lähteenmäki who wrote the (original) EDELIB, Dejan Lekic, and Szasz Pal. The original EDE GNU Savannah project is still available for visitors who want to look at the early source code. In September 2002 the project moved to SourceForge mainly because SourceForge offered Subversion as VCS and had compile-farms so they could test FLTK on different platforms. Soon after the project was moved to SourceForge, Sanel Zukan joined the project, and few years after, Vedran Ljubović. All former authors except Sanel and Vedran left the team due to the lack of interest. Today, Sanel and Vedran are major driving force of the project.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: SourceForge offered Subversion as VCS and had compile-farms

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: open-source, X Window System desktop project

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: compile-farms so they could test FLTK on different platforms.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Savannah

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Vedran Ljubovi<unk>

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: few years after, Vedran Ljubovi<unk>

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Vedran Ljubovi<unk>

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2000

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: open-source,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2000

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Vedran Ljubovi<unk>

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2000

text: An equinox occurs when the earth is at a position in its orbit such that a vector from the earth toward the sun points to where the ecliptic intersects the celestial equator. The equinox which occurs near the first day of spring is called the vernal equinox. The vernal equinox can be used as a principal direction for ECI frames.  The Sun lies in the direction of the vernal equinox around 21 March.  The fundamental plane for ECI frames is usually either the equatorial plane or the ecliptic.

text: An

text: equinox

text: occurs when the earth is at a position in its orbit such that a vector from the earth toward the sun points to where the ecliptic intersects the celestial equator. The equinox which occurs near the first day of spring is called the vernal equinox. The

text: vernal equinox

text: can be used as a principal direction for ECI frames.  The Sun lies in the direction of the vernal equinox around 21 March.  The

text: fundamental plane

text: for ECI frames is usually either the equatorial plane or the ecliptic.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth is at a position in its orbit such that a vector from the earth toward the sun points to where the ecliptic intersects the celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: where the ecliptic intersects the celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the earth is at a position in its orbit

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equator.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: celestial equator.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: ecliptic intersects the celestial equator.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: An equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: An equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: first day of spring

text: Equinox is the fifth album by Styx, released in December 1975.

text: Equinox is the fifth

text: album

text: by

text: Styx

text: , released in December 1975.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox was released

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was released in 1975

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: December 1975.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox is the fifth album by Styx, released in December 1975.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: December 1975.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: December 1975.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 1975.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: released in December 1975.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox is the fifth album by Styx, released in December 1975.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1975.

text: The 1959 CFL season was the sixth season in modern Canadian professional football, although officially it was the second season of the Canadian Football League.

text: The 1959 CFL season was the sixth season in modern Canadian professional football, although officially it was the second season of the

text: Canadian Football League

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: modern Canadian professional football

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1959

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: modern Canadian professional football,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: second season of the Canadian Football League.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The 1959 CFL season was the sixth season in modern Canadian professional football,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The 1959 CFL season was the sixth season in modern Canadian professional football,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Canadian Football League.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The 1959

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The 1959 CFL season was the sixth season in modern Canadian professional football,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: second season of the Canadian Football League.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The 1959 CFL season was the sixth season in modern Canadian professional football,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The 1959

text: The First Point of Aries, the location of the vernal equinox, is named for the constellation. This is because the Sun crossed the celestial equator from south to north in Aries more than two millennia ago. Hipparchus defined it in 130 BC. as a point south of Gamma Arietis. Because of the precession of the equinoxes, the First Point of Aries has since moved into Pisces and will move into Aquarius by around 2600 AD. The Sun now appears in Aries from late April through mid May, though the constellation is still associated with the beginning of spring.

text: The

text: First Point of Aries

text: , the location of the

text: vernal equinox

text: , is named for the constellation. This is because the Sun crossed the

text: celestial equator

text: from south to north in Aries more than two millennia ago. Hipparchus defined it in 130 BC. as a point south of

text: Gamma Arietis

text: . Because of the

text: precession of the equinoxes

text: , the First Point of Aries has since moved into

text: Pisces

text: and will move into

text: Aquarius

text: by around 2600 AD. The Sun now appears in Aries from late April through mid May, though the constellation is still associated with the beginning of spring.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Because of the precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Sun now appears in Aries from late April through mid May, though the constellation is still associated with the beginning of spring.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun crossed the celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Sun now appears in Aries

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The Sun now appears in Aries from late April through mid May,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Because of the precession of the equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The First Point of Aries,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The First Point of Aries,

text: Bird migration is primarily, but not entirely, a Northern Hemisphere phenomenon.This is because land birds in high northern latitudes, where food becomes scarce in winter, leave for areas further south (including the Southern Hemisphere) to overwinter, and because the continental landmass is much larger in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, among (pelagic) seabirds, species of the Southern Hemisphere are more likely to migrate. This is because there is a large area of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere, and more islands suitable for seabirds to nest.

text: Bird migration is primarily, but not entirely, a Northern Hemisphere phenomenon.This is because land birds in high northern latitudes, where food becomes scarce in winter, leave for areas further south (including the Southern Hemisphere) to overwinter, and because the continental landmass is much larger in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, among (pelagic) seabirds, species of the Southern Hemisphere are more likely to migrate. This is because there is a large area of ocean in the Southern Hemisphere, and more islands suitable for seabirds to nest.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: land birds in high northern latitudes, where food becomes scarce in winter

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: food becomes scarce

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: is much larger in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: continental landmass is much larger in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Bird migration

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Bird migration

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: food becomes scarce in winter,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Northern Hemisphere

text: Lionel Luthor is a fictional character portrayed by John Glover in the television series Smallville. The character was initially a recurring guest in season one, and became a series regular in season two and continued until being written out of the show in season seven. The character returned to the show in season ten again as a recurring guest role as a parallel universe (Earth-2) version of the character. In Smallville, Lionel Luthor is the father of Lex Luthor (Michael Rosenbaum), and founder and CEO of LuthorCorp. Lex Luthor's father was first introduced in Superman comics by Jerry Siegel in 1961 and has since appeared in other Superman-related media under different names. Smallville is the first appearance in which the character has been an intricate part of a Superman adaptation. Series developers Alfred Gough and Miles Millar created Lionel Luthor for Smallville to provide an antithesis to the parenting style of Jonathan Kent (John Schneider) and Martha Kent (Annette O'Toole).

text: Lionel Luthor is a

text: fictional character

text: portrayed by

text: John Glover

text: in the

text: television series

text: Smallville

text: . The character was initially a recurring guest in

text: season one

text: , and became a series regular in

text: season two

text: and continued until being written out of the show in

text: season seven

text: . The character returned to the show in

text: season ten

text: again as a recurring guest role as a parallel universe (Earth-2) version of the character. In Smallville, Lionel Luthor is the father of

text: Lex Luthor

text: Michael Rosenbaum

text: ), and founder and

text: CEO

text: of

text: LuthorCorp

text: Lex Luthor

text: 's father was first introduced in

text: Superman

text: comics by

text: Jerry Siegel

text: in 1961 and has since appeared in other Superman-related media under different names. Smallville is the first appearance in which the character has been an intricate part of a Superman adaptation. Series developers

text: Alfred Gough

text: and

text: Miles Millar

text: created Lionel Luthor for Smallville to provide an antithesis to the parenting style of

text: Jonathan Kent

text: John Schneider

text: ) and

text: Martha Kent

text: Annette O'Toole

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Series developers Alfred Gough and Miles Millar created Lionel Luthor

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in season seven

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-2)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to provide an antithesis to the parenting style

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (Earth-2)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seven.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (Earth-2)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (Earth-2)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seven.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seven.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: (Earth-2)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: (Earth-2)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: seven.

text: Favaro, the son of former Italy lock Roberto Favaro, began his career playing for the Treviso under-19 team before stepping up to the Super 10 with Rovigo and Overmach Parma. Favaro was an early developer and, at the age of 20, was the youngest player included in Nick Mallett's squad for the 2009 Six Nations Championship. Favaro did not feature in the Championship; he subsequently made his debut against Australia in the 2009 Summer tour of the Southern Hemisphere. In June 2010 he joined Aironi for their first season in the Magners League. On 18 February 2015 it was announced that Favaro would sign for the Scottish side Glasgow Warriors for the 2015–16 season in the summer of 2015. Favaro has signed until May 2017.

text: Favaro, the son of former Italy lock

text: Roberto Favaro

text: , began his career playing for the

text: Treviso

text: under-19 team before stepping up to the

text: Super 10

text: with

text: Rovigo

text: and

text: Overmach Parma

text: . Favaro was an early developer and, at the age of 20, was the youngest player included in

text: Nick Mallett

text: 's

text: squad

text: for the

text: 2009 Six Nations Championship

text: . Favaro did not feature in the Championship; he subsequently made his debut against Australia in the

entity_name: 2009 mid-year rugby union internationals

text: 2009 Summer tour

text: of the Southern Hemisphere. In June 2010 he joined Aironi for their first season in the

text: Magners League

text: . On 18 February 2015 it was announced that Favaro would sign for the Scottish side Glasgow Warriors for the 2015–16 season in the summer of 2015. Favaro has signed until May 2017.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Favaro would sign for the Scottish side Glasgow Warriors

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Favaro was an early developer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer tour of the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer tour of the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2009 Summer tour of the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2009 Summer tour of the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer tour of the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2009 Six Nations Championship.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2009 Summer tour of the Southern Hemisphere.

text: (voiced by Shelby Rabara)Peridot is introduced as a technician dispatched by the Gem Homeworld to check on remaining Gem installations on Earth; her appearance late in the first season becomes an ominous sign that the Crystal Gems are under threat from Homeworld. Stranded on Earth after the events of the first season finale, Peridot becomes a recurring antagonist in the first half of the second season, until she is eventually captured by the Crystal Gems; she then chooses to ally with them to defuse the "Cluster", a Gem entity placed by Homeworld to destroy the Earth. When the Crystal Gems first encounter her she wears technological "limb enhancers", giving her a fearsome and robotic appearance; when she is captured, she loses them and appears child-like without them. She plays a prominent role in the last part of the second season, during which her character arc centers around learning to outgrow the hierarchical, utilitarian mindset of Homeworld and appreciate the value of friendship, individuality, and life on Earth. She is cranky and self-aggrandizing in demeanor, but demonstrates willingness to learn from her mistakes and attempt to treat others with greater respect and kindness. Her gemstone is a triangular peridot embedded in her forehead. She discovers in the third season that she has the ability to telekinetically control metal objects.

text: (voiced by

text: Shelby Rabara

text: )Peridot is introduced as a technician dispatched by the Gem Homeworld to check on remaining Gem installations on Earth; her appearance late in the first season becomes an ominous sign that the Crystal Gems are under threat from Homeworld. Stranded on Earth after the events of

text: the first season finale

text: , Peridot becomes a recurring antagonist in the first half of the second season, until she is eventually captured by the Crystal Gems; she then chooses to ally with them to defuse the "Cluster", a Gem entity placed by Homeworld to destroy the Earth. When the Crystal Gems first encounter her she wears technological "limb enhancers", giving her a fearsome and robotic appearance; when she is captured, she loses them and appears child-like without them. She plays a prominent role in the last part of the second season, during which her character arc centers around learning to outgrow the hierarchical, utilitarian mindset of Homeworld and appreciate the value of friendship, individuality, and life on Earth. She is cranky and self-aggrandizing in demeanor, but demonstrates willingness to learn from her mistakes and attempt to treat others with greater respect and kindness. Her gemstone is a triangular

text: peridot

text: embedded in her forehead. She discovers in the third season that she has the ability to

text: telekinetically

text: control metal objects.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to check on remaining Gem installations on Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Homeworld

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: when does Peridot discover she has the ability to telekinetically control metal objects?

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: her gemstone is a triangular peridot embedded in her forehead

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Crystal Gems are under threat from Homeworld.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: telekinetically control metal objects.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Gem Homeworld

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Gem Homeworld

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Gem Homeworld

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Gem Homeworld

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: triangular peridot embedded in her forehead.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Gem Homeworld

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Gem Homeworld

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Gem Homeworld

text: Rho Cassiopeiae is one of the most luminous yellow stars known.  It is close to the Eddington luminosity limit and normally loses mass at around /yr, hundreds of millions of times the rate of the solar wind.  Much of the time it has a temperature over 7,000K, a radius around , and pulsates irregularly producing small changes in brightness.  Approximately every 50 years it undergoes a larger outburst and blows off a substantial fraction of its atmosphere, causing the temperature to drop around 1,500K and the brightness to drop by up to 1.5 magnitudes.  In 2000–2001 the mass loss rate jumped to /yr, ejecting in total approximately 3% of a solar mass or 10,000 Earth masses.  The luminosity remains roughly constant during the outbursts at , but the radiation output shifts towards the infra red.

text: Rho Cassiopeiae is one of the most luminous yellow stars known.  It is close to the

text: Eddington luminosity

text: limit and normally loses mass at around /yr, hundreds of millions of times the rate of the solar wind.  Much of the time it has a temperature over 7,000K, a radius around , and pulsates irregularly producing small changes in brightness.  Approximately every 50 years it undergoes a larger outburst and blows off a substantial fraction of its atmosphere, causing the temperature to drop around 1,500K and the brightness to drop by up to 1.5 magnitudes.  In 2000–2001 the mass loss rate jumped to /yr, ejecting in total approximately 3% of a

text: solar mass

text: or 10,000

text: Earth mass

text: es.  The luminosity remains roughly constant during the outbursts at , but the radiation output shifts towards the infra red.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a larger outburst

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: infra red

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: temperature to drop around 1,500K

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Approximately every 50 years it undergoes a larger outburst

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: outbursts

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Rho Cassiopeiae

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The luminosity remains roughly constant during the outbursts

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: infra red.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1,500K

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the radiation output shifts towards the infra red.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: /yr,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Rho Cassiopeiae

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Rho Cassiopeiae

text: A later comparison, while admitting "it is the microwave record of air temperatures which is the most representative," attempted to merge the discontinuous spacecraft record. No measurable trend in global average temperature between Viking IRTM and MGS TES was visible. "Viking and MGS air temperatures are essentially indistinguishable for this period, suggesting that the Viking and MGS eras are characterized by essentially the same climatic state." It found "a strong dichotomy" between the northern and southern hemispheres, a "very asymmetric paradigm for the Martian annual cycle: a northern spring and summer which is relatively cool, not very dusty, and relatively rich in water vapor and ice clouds; and a southern summer rather similar to that observed by Viking with warmer air temperatures, less water vapor and water ice, and higher levels of atmospheric dust."

text: A later comparison, while admitting "it is the microwave record of air temperatures which is the most representative," attempted to merge the discontinuous spacecraft record. No measurable trend in global average temperature between Viking IRTM and MGS TES was visible. "Viking and MGS air temperatures are essentially indistinguishable for this period, suggesting that the Viking and MGS eras are characterized by essentially the same climatic state." It found "a

text: strong dichotomy

text: " between the northern and southern hemispheres, a "very asymmetric paradigm for the Martian annual cycle: a northern spring and summer which is relatively cool, not very dusty, and relatively rich in water vapor and ice clouds; and a southern summer rather similar to that observed by Viking with warmer air temperatures, less water vapor and water ice, and higher levels of atmospheric dust."

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: rich in water vapor and ice clouds

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: a southern summer rather similar to that observed by Viking with warmer air temperatures

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a southern summer rather similar to that observed by Viking with warmer air temperatures

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: annual cycle

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: relatively rich in water vapor and ice clouds;

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring and summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: cool,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Martian

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern and southern hemispheres,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cool,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a northern spring and summer which is relatively cool,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring and summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: cool,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer

text: Due to the eccentricity of Saturn's orbit, Titan is about 12% closer to the sun during the southern hemisphere summer, making southern summers shorter but hotter than northern summers.  This asymmetry may contribute to topological differences between the hemispheres - the northern hemisphere has many more hydrocarbon lakes. Titan's lakes are largely placid, with few waves or ripples; however, Cassini has found evidence of increasing turbulence during the northern hemisphere summer, suggesting that surface winds may strengthen during certain times of the Titanian year. Waves and ripples have also been seen by Cassini.

text: Due to the eccentricity of Saturn's orbit, Titan is about 12% closer to the sun during the southern hemisphere summer, making southern summers shorter but hotter than northern summers.  This asymmetry may contribute to topological differences between the hemispheres - the northern hemisphere has many more hydrocarbon lakes. Titan's lakes are largely placid, with few waves or ripples; however, Cassini has found evidence of increasing turbulence during the northern hemisphere summer, suggesting that surface winds may strengthen during certain times of the Titanian year. Waves and ripples have also been seen by Cassini.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: eccentricity of Saturn's orbit

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 12% closer to the sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northern summers shorter but hotter than southern summers

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Due to the eccentricity of Saturn's orbit,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: southern hemisphere summer,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: southern summers shorter but hotter than northern summers.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern summers.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: increasing turbulence

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: southern summers shorter but hotter than northern summers.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: southern hemisphere summer,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Titan is about 12% closer to the sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 12% closer to the sun during the southern hemisphere summer,

text: Emry spent 6 seasons with the Montreal Alouettes of the CFL, spanning from the 2008 CFL season through the 2013 CFL season. His best season with the Als was the 2012 season in which he was named a CFL All-Star after recording a career high 87 tackles. He finished his time with Montreal amassing 261 tackles (average of 43.5 tackles per season), 44 special teams tackles, 13 sacks, 4 interceptions, 1 fumble recovery and 1 defensive touchdown.

text: Emry spent 6 seasons with the Montreal Alouettes of the CFL, spanning from the

text: 2008 CFL season

text: through the

text: 2013 CFL season

text: . His best season with the Als was the 2012 season in which he was named a CFL All-Star after recording a career high 87 tackles. He finished his time with Montreal amassing 261 tackles (average of 43.5 tackles per season), 44 special teams tackles, 13 sacks, 4 interceptions, 1 fumble recovery and 1 defensive touchdown.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 2008 CFL season through the 2013 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: recording a career high 87 tackles.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: CFL All-Star

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2008 CFL season through the 2013 CFL season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 43.5 tackles per season),

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 43.5 tackles per season),

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Emry

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 1 fumble recovery and 1 defensive touchdown.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: (average of 43.5 tackles per season),

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Emry spent 6 seasons with the Montreal Alouettes of the CFL,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Emry spent 6 seasons with the Montreal Alouettes of the CFL,

text: In the continuity of Stargate SG-1, the first Goa'uld faced by Earth is Ra in the Stargate film, although the concept of the Goa'uld had not yet been developed when the movie was released. In the early seasons of the show, SG-1 faces and defeats the powerful Goa'uld Apophis twice, as well as Hathor and Sokar, and gains an alliance with the Tok'ra. The System Lords begin to play a larger role in the show as SG-1's activities draw their attention to Earth, and SG-1 defeats several of their number as well. In season 5, the half-Ascended Goa'uld Anubis becomes the main threat, eventually leading SG-1 on a race to discover Ancient technology capable of defeating him. Anubis is seemingly destroyed at the end of season 7, and Ba'al takes his place as the major villain in season 8. The Goa'uld also establish a foothold on Earth by infiltrating the Trust. Near the end of season 8, SG-1, the Tok'ra, and the Jaffa rebellion finally overthrow the Goa'uld order, and Anubis is defeated once and for all. The Goa'uld have a diminished role in seasons 9 and 10, with Ba'al being the only remaining major Goa'uld character and representing a third major side in the fight between SG-1 and the Ori until he is finally shot and killed by Cameron Mitchell.

text: In the continuity of

text: Stargate SG-1

text: , the first Goa'uld faced by Earth is

text: Ra

text: in the

text: Stargate film

text: , although the concept of the Goa'uld had not yet been developed when the movie was released. In the early seasons of the show,

text: faces and defeats the powerful Goa'uld

text: Apophis

text: twice, as well as

text: Hathor

text: and

text: Sokar

text: , and gains an alliance with the

text: Tok'ra

text: . The

text: System Lords

text: begin to play a larger role in the show as SG-1's activities draw their attention to Earth, and SG-1 defeats several of their number as well. In season 5, the

text: half-Ascended

text: Goa'uld

text: Anubis

text: becomes the main threat, eventually leading SG-1 on a race to discover

text: Ancient

text: technology capable of defeating him. Anubis is seemingly destroyed at the end of season 7, and

text: Ba'al

text: takes his place as the major villain in season 8. The Goa'uld also establish a foothold on Earth by infiltrating the

text: Trust

text: . Near the end of season 8, SG-1, the Tok'ra, and the Jaffa rebellion finally overthrow the Goa'uld order, and Anubis is defeated once and for all. The Goa'uld have a diminished role in seasons 9 and 10, with Ba'al being the only remaining major Goa'uld character and representing a third major side in the fight between SG-1 and the

text: Ori

text: until he is finally shot and killed by Cameron Mitchell.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The System Lords begin to play a larger role in the show as SG-1's activities draw their attention to Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Ba'al takes his place as the major villain in season 8

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The System Lords begin to play a larger role in the show as SG-1's activities draw their attention to Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: SG-1's activities draw their attention to Earth,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: half-Ascended

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: In the continuity of Stargate SG-1,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Jaffa

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 5,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Anubis is seemingly destroyed at the end of season 7,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: In the continuity of Stargate SG-1,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 5,

text: The polar wind or plasma fountain is a permanent outflow of plasma from the polar regions of Earth's magnetosphere, caused by the interaction between the solar wind and the Earth's atmosphere. The solar wind ionizes gas molecules in the upper atmosphere to such high energy that some of them reach escape velocity and pour into space. A considerable percentage of these ions remain bound inside Earth's magnetic field, where they form part of the radiation belts.

text: The polar wind or plasma fountain is a permanent outflow of

text: plasma

text: from the polar regions of Earth's

text: magnetosphere

text: , caused by the interaction between the

text: solar wind

text: and the Earth's atmosphere. The solar wind ionizes gas molecules in the upper atmosphere to such high energy that some of them reach escape velocity and pour into space. A considerable percentage of these ions remain bound inside Earth's magnetic field, where they form part of the

text: radiation belts

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The polar wind or plasma fountain

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: magnetosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: polar wind or plasma fountain

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's magnetosphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: interaction between the solar wind and the Earth's atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: polar wind

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The polar wind

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar wind

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: magnetosphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: polar wind

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The polar wind

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar wind

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The polar wind

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The polar wind

text: Dalton was reportedly acting irrationally and driving erratically before the first shooting, according to a woman who said in a Facebook post that her fiancé had gotten a ride from Dalton late Saturday afternoon. She explained that her fiancé was picked up by an Uber driver named Jason, who sideswiped a car, was running through traffic signals at high speeds, and was weaving through traffic. She also posted an Uber-supplied photo of the man, which matched the police mugshot of Dalton. She also said he was driving a Chevrolet Equinox, which fit with Kalamazoo Gazette photos later showing police searching an Equinox. The woman said in her post that 9-1-1 was called "but surprisingly they didn't seem all that concerned."

text: Dalton was reportedly acting irrationally and driving erratically before the first shooting, according to a woman who said in a

text: Facebook

text: post that her fiancé had gotten a ride from Dalton late Saturday afternoon. She explained that her fiancé was picked up by an Uber driver named Jason, who sideswiped a car, was running through

text: traffic signal

text: s at high speeds, and was weaving through traffic. She also posted an Uber-supplied photo of the man, which matched the police mugshot of Dalton. She also said he was driving a

text: Chevrolet Equinox

text: , which fit with

text: Kalamazoo Gazette

text: photos later showing police searching an Equinox. The woman said in her post that 9-1-1 was called "but surprisingly they didn't seem all that concerned."

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Dalton was reportedly acting irrationally

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: police searching an Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Dalton was reportedly acting irrationally

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: irrationally and driving erratically

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Dalton was reportedly acting irrationally

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Kalamazoo

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Kalamazoo

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Saturday afternoon.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Chevrolet Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: afternoon.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Dalton was reportedly acting irrationally

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Dalton was reportedly acting irrationally

text: During the next four billion years, the luminosity of the Sun will steadily increase, resulting in a rise in the solar radiation reaching the Earth. This will result in a higher rate of weathering of silicate minerals, which will cause a decrease in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In about 600 million years from now, the level of CO will fall below the level needed to sustain C carbon fixation photosynthesis used by trees. Some plants use the C carbon fixation method, allowing them to persist at  concentrations as low as 10 parts per million. However, the long-term trend is for plant life to die off altogether. The extinction of plants will be the demise of almost all animal life, since plants are the base of the food chain on Earth.

text: During the next four billion years, the luminosity of the

text: Sun

text: will steadily increase, resulting in a rise in the

text: solar radiation

text: reaching the Earth. This will result in a higher rate of

text: weathering

text: of

text: silicate mineral

text: s, which will cause a decrease in the level of

text: carbon dioxide

text: in the atmosphere. In about 600 million years from now, the level of CO will fall below the level needed to sustain

text: C carbon fixation photosynthesis

text: used by trees. Some plants use the

text: C carbon fixation

text: method, allowing them to persist at  concentrations as low as 10 parts per million. However, the long-term trend is for plant life to die off altogether. The extinction of plants will be the demise of almost all animal life, since plants are the base of the food chain on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the luminosity of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: a rise in the solar radiation reaching the Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the luminosity of the Sun will steadily increase

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: night

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a rise in the solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: the luminosity

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: a rise in the solar radiation reaching the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: trees.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: trees.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: a rise in the solar radiation reaching the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a rise in the solar radiation reaching the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: four billion years,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: During the next four billion years,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: During the next four billion years,

text: Long-day plants flower when the night length falls below their critical photoperiod. These plants typically flower in the northern hemisphere during late spring or early summer as days are getting longer. In the northern hemisphere, the longest day of the year (summer solstice) is on or about 21 June. After that date, days grow shorter (i.e. nights grow longer) until 21 December (the winter solstice). This situation is reversed in the southern hemisphere (i.e., longest day is 21 December and shortest day is 21 June).

text: Long-day plants flower when the night length falls below their critical photoperiod. These plants typically flower in the

text: northern hemisphere

text: during late spring or early summer as days are getting longer. In the northern hemisphere, the longest day of the year (summer solstice) is on or about 21 June. After that date, days grow shorter (i.e. nights grow longer) until 21 December (the winter solstice). This situation is reversed in the southern hemisphere (i.e., longest day is 21 December and shortest day is 21 June).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the night length falls below their critical photoperiod

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 21 December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this situation is reversed in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the night length falls below their critical photoperiod.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (summer solstice)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: days grow shorter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 21 December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: days grow shorter (i.e. nights grow longer)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: (summer solstice)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: In the northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 21 June.

text: Autumn Equinox: Amethyst Deceivers is part three of the four part Seasons collective created by Coil.

text: Autumn Equinox: Amethyst Deceivers is part three of the four part Seasons collective created by

text: Coil

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Coil is a game designer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is part three

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Autumn Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: created by Coil.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Autumn Equinox:

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Autumn Equinox:

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: four part Seasons collective created by Coil.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Autumn Equinox:

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Autumn Equinox:

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: four part Seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Autumn Equinox:

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Autumn Equinox: Amethyst Deceivers

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Autumn Equinox:

text: The four dominant stars have an apparent magnitude of 1.5 or brighter. The reason why they are called "Royal" is that they appear to stand aside from the other stars in the sky. The four stars, Aldebaran, Regulus, Antares, Fomalhaut, are the brightest stars in their constellations and among the 25 brightest stars in the night sky. The Persians considered these stars to be the four guardians of the heavens. They marked the seasonal changes and marked the equinoxes and solstices. Aldebaran watched the Eastern sky and was the dominant star in the Taurus constellation, Regulus watched the North and was the dominant star in the Leo constellation, Antares watched the West and was the alpha star in Scorpio, and Fomalhaut watched the Southern sky and was the brightest star in Piscis Austrinus (sharing the same longitude with the star Sadalmelik which is the predominant star in Aquarius). Aldebaran marked the vernal equinox and Antares marked the autumnal equinox, while Regulus marked the Summer Solstice and Fomalhaut the Winter Solstice. While watching the sky, the dominant star would appear in its season, each having a time of the year when most noticeable. Regulus was seen as the main star because it was in the constellation of Leo, giving it the power of the lion, signifying the strength of kings with large implications.

text: The four dominant stars have an

text: apparent magnitude

text: of 1.5 or brighter. The reason why they are called "Royal" is that they appear to stand aside from the other stars in the sky. The four stars,

text: Aldebaran

text: Regulus

text: Antares

text: Fomalhaut

text: , are the brightest stars in their constellations and among the 25 brightest stars in the night sky. The Persians considered these stars to be the four guardians of the heavens. They marked the seasonal changes and marked the

text: equinoxes

text: and

text: solstices

text: Aldebaran

text: watched the Eastern sky and was the dominant star in the

text: Taurus constellation

text: Regulus

text: watched the North and was the dominant star in the

text: Leo constellation

text: Antares

text: watched the West and was the alpha star in

text: Scorpio

text: , and

text: Fomalhaut

text: watched the Southern sky and was the brightest star in

text: Piscis Austrinus

text: (sharing the same longitude with the star

text: Sadalmelik

text: which is the predominant star in

text: Aquarius

text: Aldebaran

text: marked the

text: vernal equinox

text: and

text: Antares

text: marked the

text: autumnal equinox

text: , while

text: Regulus

text: marked the

text: Summer Solstice

text: and

text: Fomalhaut

text: the

text: Winter Solstice

text: . While watching the sky, the dominant star would appear in its season, each having a time of the year when most noticeable.

text: Regulus

text: was seen as the main star because it was in the

text: constellation

text: of

text: Leo

text: , giving it the power of the

text: lion

text: , signifying the strength of kings with large implications.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Persians considered these stars to be the four guardians of the heavens

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Southern

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Fomalhaut

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Aldebaran marked the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: each having a time of the year when most noticeable.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Regulus marked the Summer Solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: each having a time of the year

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Piscis Austrinus

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Fomalhaut

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Aldebaran marked the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstices.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Regulus marked the Summer Solstice

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Aldebaran marked the vernal equinox

text: The solar constant, a measure of flux density, is the amount of incoming solar electromagnetic radiation per unit area that would be incident on a plane perpendicular to the rays, at a distance of one astronomical unit (AU) (roughly the mean distance from the Sun to Earth). The "solar constant" includes all types of solar radiation, not just the visible light. Its average value was thought to be approximately 1.366 kW/m², varying slightly with solar activity, but recent recalibrations of the relevant satellite observations indicate a value closer to 1.361 kW/m² is more realistic.

text: The solar constant, a measure of

text: flux density

text: , is the amount of incoming solar

text: electromagnetic radiation

text: per unit area that would be incident on a plane perpendicular to the rays, at a distance of one

text: astronomical unit (AU)

text: (roughly the mean distance from the Sun to Earth). The "solar constant" includes all types of solar radiation, not just the

text: visible light

text: . Its average value was thought to be approximately 1.366 kW/m², varying slightly with

text: solar activity

text: , but recent recalibrations of the relevant satellite observations indicate a value closer to 1.361 kW/m² is more realistic.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar activity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: mean distance from the Sun to Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: roughly the mean distance from the Sun to Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar activity,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The solar constant,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The solar constant,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1.366 kW/m2, varying slightly with solar activity,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 1.366 kW/m2,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1.361 kW/m2

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: one astronomical unit

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1.366 kW/m2,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The solar constant,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1.361 kW/m2

text: The eruptions considered to be large enough to affect the Earth's climate on a scale of more than 1 year are the ones that inject over 100,000 tons of SO into the stratosphere. This is due to the optical properties of SO and sulfate aerosols, which strongly absorb or scatter solar radiation, creating a global layer of sulfuric acid haze. On average, such eruptions occur several times per century, and cause cooling (by partially blocking the transmission of solar radiation to the Earth's surface) for a period of a few years.

text: The

text: eruptions

text: considered to be large enough to affect the Earth's climate on a scale of more than 1 year are the ones that inject over 100,000

text: ton

text: s of

text: SO

text: into the

text: stratosphere

text: . This is due to the optical properties of SO and sulfate aerosols, which strongly absorb or scatter solar radiation, creating a global layer of

text: sulfuric acid

text: haze. On average, such eruptions occur several times per century, and cause cooling (by partially blocking the transmission of solar radiation to the Earth's surface) for a period of a few years.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: on average, such eruptions occur several times per century, and cause cooling

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: On average, such eruptions occur several times per century, and cause cooling

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cooling (by partially blocking the transmission of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: cooling

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: cooling

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth's surface)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cooling

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: On average, such eruptions occur several times per century,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1 year

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1 year

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1 year

text: Currently, autumn and winter in the northern hemisphere occur around perihelion. The Earth is moving at its maximum velocity, and therefore these seasons are slightly shorter than spring and summer. Thus, summer in the northern hemisphere is 4.66 days longer than winter and spring is 2.9 days longer than autumn. When the Earth's orbit becomes more eccentric, it will spend more time near aphelion and less time near perihelion.

text: Currently, autumn and winter in the northern hemisphere occur around perihelion. The Earth is moving at its maximum velocity, and therefore these seasons are slightly shorter than spring and summer. Thus, summer in the northern hemisphere is 4.66 days longer than winter and spring is 2.9 days longer than autumn. When the Earth's orbit becomes more eccentric, it will spend more time near aphelion and less time near perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Earth is moving at its maximum velocity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: aphelion

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring is 2.9 days longer than autumn

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Earth is moving at its maximum velocity,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 4.66 days longer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: spring and summer.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: aphelion

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring and summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: perihelion.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: perihelion.

text: However, as the Miss Earth season came to rise, she was not able to compete for undisclosed reason.she also did not compete at Miss Earth 2016 pageant.

text: However, as the

text: Miss Earth

text: season came to rise, she was not able to compete for undisclosed reason.she also did not compete at

text: Miss Earth 2016

text: pageant.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: undisclosed

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: will the sun be out?

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: undisclosed reason.she

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Miss Earth

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: she was not able to compete for undisclosed reason.she

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Miss Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Miss Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Miss Earth season came to rise, she was not able to compete

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: she was not able to compete for undisclosed reason.she

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Miss Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: undisclosed reason.she

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2016

text: The Shadow War also features prominently in the show, during which an advanced alien species attempts to sow the seeds of conflict in order to promote technological and cultural advancement. The gradual discovery of the scheme and the rebellion against it, serve as the backdrop to the first three seasons, but also as a metaphor for the war within ourselves. The concurrent limiting of civil liberties and Earth's descent into a dictatorship are "shadow wars" of their own. In ending the Shadow War before the conclusion of the series, the show was able to more fully explore its aftermath, and it is this "war at home" which forms the bulk of the remaining two seasons. The struggle for independence between Mars and Earth culminates with a civil war between the human colonies (led by the Babylon 5 station) and the home planet. Choosing Mars as both the spark for the civil war, and the staging ground for its dramatic conclusion, enabled the viewer to understand the conflict more fully than had it involved an anonymous colony orbiting a distant star. The conflict, and the reasons behind it, were informed by Nazism, McCarthyism and the breakup of Yugoslavia, and the unraveling of the former Balkan country also served as partial inspiration for another civil war, which involved the alien Minbari.

text: The

text: Shadow War

text: also features prominently in the show, during which an advanced alien species attempts to sow the seeds of conflict in order to promote technological and cultural advancement. The gradual discovery of the scheme and the rebellion against it, serve as the backdrop to the first three seasons, but also as a metaphor for the war within ourselves. The concurrent limiting of civil liberties and Earth's descent into a dictatorship are "shadow wars" of their own. In ending the Shadow War before the conclusion of the series, the show was able to more fully explore its aftermath, and it is this "war at home" which forms the bulk of the remaining two seasons. The struggle for independence between

text: Mars

text: and Earth culminates with a civil war between the human colonies (led by the Babylon 5 station) and the home planet. Choosing Mars as both the spark for the civil war, and the staging ground for its dramatic conclusion, enabled the viewer to understand the conflict more fully than had it involved an anonymous colony orbiting a distant star. The conflict, and the reasons behind it, were informed by Nazism, McCarthyism and the breakup of

entity_name: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

text: Yugoslavia

text: , and the unraveling of the former

text: Balkan

text: country also served as partial inspiration for another civil war, which involved the alien Minbari.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The gradual discovery of the scheme and the rebellion against it

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth's descent into a dictatorship

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The gradual discovery of the scheme and the rebellion against it,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The Shadow War

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The Shadow War

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Shadow War

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Shadow War

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: The Shadow War

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Shadow War

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The Shadow War

text: Fire (real name: Beatriz da Costa) is a Brazilian superheroine with the ability to shoot mystical green fire, and ally to Batman. Fire helps Batman and Plastic Man when Gentleman Ghost robs a bank in Mexico City during the Day of the Dead celebration. An evil version of her is seen in "Deep Cover for Batman!", fighting a heroic version of the Gentleman Ghost. She is the only character with an evil counterpart not to appear in "Game Over for Owlman!" as one of the heroes. She later appears in the season one finale "The Fate of Equinox!". She makes a cameo in "Sidekicks Assemble!", and then later appeared in "The Siege of Starro!". A revamped Fire appeared in a starring role in "Darkseid Descending!" alongside Ice. Fire's later appearances see her as bubbly and slightly dim.

text: Fire (real name: Beatriz da Costa) is a Brazilian superheroine with the ability to shoot mystical green fire, and ally to Batman. Fire helps Batman and Plastic Man when Gentleman Ghost robs a bank in Mexico City during the

text: Day of the Dead

text: celebration. An evil version of her is seen in "Deep Cover for Batman!", fighting a heroic version of the Gentleman Ghost. She is the only character with an evil counterpart not to appear in "Game Over for Owlman!" as one of the heroes. She later appears in the season one finale "The Fate of Equinox!". She makes a cameo in "Sidekicks Assemble!", and then later appeared in "The Siege of Starro!". A revamped Fire appeared in a starring role in "Darkseid Descending!" alongside Ice. Fire's later appearances see her as bubbly and slightly dim.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: A revamped Fire appeared in a starring role

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Fate of Equinox!

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: appears in the season one finale "The Fate of Equinox!"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Day of the Dead celebration.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox!".

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Fire

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mexico City

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Brazilian

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: "The Fate of Equinox!".

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: She later appears in the season one finale "The Fate of Equinox!".

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox!".

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Fire

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: "The Fate of Equinox!".

text: Vostok is the coldest place on Earth. The average temperature of the cold season (from April to October) is about , while the average temperature of the warm season (from November to March) is about .

text: Vostok is the

text: coldest place on Earth

text: . The average temperature of the cold season (from April to October) is about , while the average temperature of the warm season (from November to March) is about .

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Vostok

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: about

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The average temperature

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: cold season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: November to March)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Vostok

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Vostok

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: April to October)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: November to March)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: November to March)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: November to March) is about.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November to March)

text: The name Equinox was not used from the beginning. In the early days the group were called themselves "The Powerlords", or sometimes "The Powerlords Corporation" (TPL), which consisted of sections in Sweden, Norway and the United Kingdom. At the end of 1990, just after The Powerlords and Aurora's Amiga Halloween Conference, TPL was about to break up. Some members did have some short adventures in other groups at this time. In December 1990 the former organizers of the United Kingdom, Sweden and Norway sections decided to keep the best members and change the group name to Equinox. Some time later, a group from Switzerland that was active for many years as 'Equinoxe', cut off the 'e' and joined Equinox.

text: The name Equinox was not used from the beginning. In the early days the group were called themselves "The Powerlords", or sometimes "The Powerlords Corporation" (TPL), which consisted of sections in

text: Sweden

text: Norway

text: and the

text: United Kingdom

text: . At the end of 1990, just after The Powerlords and Aurora's Amiga Halloween Conference, TPL was about to break up. Some members did have some short adventures in other groups at this time. In December 1990 the former organizers of the United Kingdom, Sweden and Norway sections decided to keep the best members and change the group name to Equinox. Some time later, a group from Switzerland that was active for many years as 'Equinoxe', cut off the 'e' and joined Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Sweden, Norway and the United Kingdom

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: some short adventures in other groups

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cut off the 'e' and joined Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Halloween Conference,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 'Equinoxe',

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Norway and the United Kingdom.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Switzerland

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Switzerland

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Aurora's Amiga Halloween Conference,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cut off the 'e' and joined Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 'Equinoxe',

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The name Equinox was not used from the beginning.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 'Equinoxe',

text: The Equinox Complex is a range of eateries located in the Swissôtel The Stamford, the tallest hotel in Singapore.

text: The Equinox Complex is a range of eateries located in the

text: Swissôtel The Stamford

text: , the tallest

text: hotel

text: in

text: Singapore

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Equinox Complex is located

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is located in a hotel

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: The Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Singapore.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Singapore.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Singapore.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Singapore.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Singapore.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Swissôtel The Stamford, the tallest hotel in Singapore.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the tallest hotel in Singapore.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Singapore.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Swissôtel The Stamford,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Swissôtel The Stamford,

text: The year 1816 is known as the Year Without a Summer (also the Poverty Year, the Summer that Never Was, Year There Was No Summer, and Eighteen Hundred and Froze to Death) because of severe climate abnormalities that caused average global temperatures to decrease by 0.4–0.7 °C (0.7–1.3 °F). This resulted in major food shortages across the Northern Hemisphere.

text: The year

text: is known as the Year Without a Summer (also the Poverty Year, the Summer that Never Was, Year There Was No Summer, and Eighteen Hundred and Froze to Death) because of severe

text: climate abnormalities

text: that caused average global temperatures to decrease by 0.4–0.7 °C (0.7–1.3 °F). This resulted in major food shortages across the

text: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate abnormalities

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1816

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: severe climate abnormalities

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer that Never Was, Year There Was No Summer,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 0.4–0.7 °C

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 0.4–0.7 °C

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 0.4–0.7 °C

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The year 1816 is known as the Year Without a Summer

text: When the United States was a primarily agrarian society, children were needed during the Northern Hemisphere summer months for farm labor.  Summer is still a popular time for family vacations, and most school districts have a 2 or 3 month summer vacation.  K-12 school years typically run from late August or early September until May or June, depending on the length of the year and number of holiday, vacation, and snow days occurring during the year.  The year is divided into two semesters, three trimesters or four quarters, typically with a report card issued to students' parents at the end of each.

text: When the United States was a primarily agrarian society, children were needed during the Northern Hemisphere summer months for farm labor.  Summer is still a popular time for family vacations, and most school districts have a 2 or 3 month summer vacation.  K-12 school years typically run from late August or early September until May or June, depending on the length of the year and number of holiday, vacation, and snow days occurring during the year.  The year is divided into two

text: semester

text: s, three

text: trimesters

text: or four

text: quarter

text: s, typically with a

text: report card

text: issued to students' parents at the end of each.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: children were needed during the Northern Hemisphere summer months for farm labor

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: children were needed during the Northern Hemisphere summer months for farm labor.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer is still a popular time for family vacations,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: snow days

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September until May or June,

text: April is commonly associated with the season of spring in parts of the Northern Hemisphere and autumn in parts of the Southern Hemisphere, where it is the seasonal equivalent to October in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa.

text: April is commonly associated with the season of

text: spring

text: in parts of the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: and

text: autumn

text: in parts of the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , where it is the seasonal equivalent to

text: October

text: in the Northern Hemisphere and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is the seasonal equivalent to October

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: autumn in parts of the Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: April

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: autumn in parts of the Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: October

text: The zodiac is the belt or band of constellations through which the Sun, Moon, and planets move on their journey across the sky. Astrologers noted these constellations and so attached a particular significance to them. Over time they developed the system of twelve signs of the zodiac, based on twelve of the constellations through which the sun passes throughout the year, those constellations that are "Enlightened by the mind". Most western astrologers use the tropical zodiac beginning with the sign of Aries at the Northern hemisphere Vernal Equinox always on or around March 21 of each year.  The Western Zodiac is drawn based on the Earth's relationship to fixed, designated positions in the sky, and the Earth's seasons.  The Sidereal Zodiac is drawn based on the Earth's position in relation to the constellations, and follows their movements in the sky.

text: The zodiac is the belt or band of constellations through which the Sun, Moon, and planets move on their journey across the sky. Astrologers noted these constellations and so attached a particular significance to them. Over time they developed the system of twelve

text: signs

text: of the zodiac, based on twelve of the constellations through which the sun passes throughout the year, those constellations that are "Enlightened by the mind". Most western astrologers use the

text: tropical zodiac

text: beginning with the sign of

text: Aries

text: at the

text: Northern hemisphere

text: Vernal Equinox

text: always on or around March 21 of each year.  The Western Zodiac is drawn based on the Earth's relationship to fixed, designated positions in the sky, and the Earth's seasons.  The Sidereal Zodiac is drawn based on the Earth's position in relation to the constellations, and follows their movements in the sky.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's relationship to fixed, designated positions

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: always on or around March 21 of each year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's relationship to fixed, designated positions in the sky,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Vernal Equinox always on or around March 21 of each year.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: always on or around March 21 of each year.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Western Zodiac

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March 21

text: Solar radiation closely matches a black body radiator at about 5,800 K.As it passes through the atmosphere, sunlight is attenuated by scattering and absorption; the more atmosphere through which it passes, the greater the attenuation.

text: Solar radiation closely matches a

text: black body

text: radiator at about 5,800 K.As it passes through the atmosphere, sunlight is attenuated by

text: scattering

text: and

text: absorption

text: ; the more atmosphere through which it passes, the greater the

text: attenuation

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: sunlight is attenuated

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the oceans

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sunlight is attenuated

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar radiation closely matches a black body radiator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar radiation closely matches a black body radiator at about 5,800 K.As

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 5,800 K.As

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: atmosphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 5,800 K.As

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Solar radiation closely matches a black body radiator at about 5,800 K.As

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 5,800 K.As

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar radiation closely matches a black body radiator at about 5,800 K.As

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 5,800 K.As

text: South African Pagans celebrate the cycles and seasons of Nature throughout the year according to the Wheel of the Year based on Southern Hemisphere seasonal dates where applicable. The major seasonal festivals of the year known as sabbats are the winter solstice (in June), the first spring festival (1 August), the spring equinox (in September), the first summer festival (31 October), the summer solstice (in December), the first harvest festival (1 February), the autumnal equinox (in March) and the final harvest festival (30 April). Seasonal holidays do not coincide with the corresponding Christian holidays which originated in the Northern Hemisphere and absorbed the European pagan holidays based on Northern Hemisphere seasonal dates. The winter solstice is celebrated in June whereas Christmas is celebrated midsummer in December. The spring equinox is celebrated in September whereas Easter is celebrated in March/April. The final harvest festival is celebrated on 30 April whereas Halloween is celebrated on 31 October.

text: South African Pagans celebrate the cycles and seasons of

text: Nature

text: throughout the year according to the

text: Wheel of the Year

text: based on

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: seasonal dates where applicable. The major seasonal festivals of the year known as sabbats are the

text: winter solstice

text: (in June), the

text: first spring festival

text: (1 August), the

text: spring equinox

text: (in September), the

text: first summer festival

text: (31 October), the

text: summer solstice

text: (in December), the

text: first harvest festival

text: (1 February), the

text: autumnal equinox

text: (in March) and the

text: final harvest festival

text: (30 April). Seasonal holidays do not coincide with the corresponding Christian holidays which originated in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: and absorbed the European

text: pagan

text: holidays based on

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: seasonal dates. The winter solstice is celebrated in June whereas Christmas is celebrated midsummer in December. The spring equinox is celebrated in September whereas Easter is celebrated in March/April. The final harvest festival is celebrated on 30 April whereas

text: Halloween

text: is celebrated on 31 October.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 31 October

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: June

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Nature

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (31 October),

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: South African

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: June),

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The spring equinox is celebrated in September

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: summer solstice (in December),

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring equinox (in September),

text: The 1988 season began with the Peter Lawrence-scripted "ThunderCubs," which, though named for its plot about the ThunderCats being transformed into children, was principally about Mumm-Ra reconstructing Thundera in order to retrieve both the weapon that had originally destroyed it (the Sword of Plun-Darr) and the legendary Treasure of Thundera. In the course of the adventure, the treasure—containing the Book of Omens, a tome holding all the secrets of the ThunderCats, and many other mystical items—was scattered across the New Thundera, ushering in a new concept for the series: a season with an actual story arc. Continuity between episodes became tighter as the ThunderCats, Mutants, Lunataks and Mumm-Ra alternated their adventures between Third Earth and New Thundera, searching for the treasure and exploiting its powers. The season also featured the running theme of the Ancient Spirits of Evil having to take a more active hand in pushing Mumm-Ra into action, culminating in another unique feature of the season—an actual finale episode, "The Last Day," in which the Ancient Spirits of Evil give Mumm-Ra one last chance to destroy the ThunderCats by sunset. Besides demonstrating their threat by making Ma-Mutt disappear, the Ancient Spirits of Evil stated that Mumm-Ra's failure will also have the Mutants and the Lunataks removed from Third Earth as well. Ultimately, Mumm-Ra failed and the Ancient Spirits of Evil exiled him to the farthest corner of the Universe.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Treasure of Thundera was scattered across the New Thundera

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sunset

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Third Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Ancient Spirits of Evil give Mumm-Ra one last chance to destroy the ThunderCats by sunset

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Ancient Spirits of Evil give Mumm-Ra one last chance to destroy the ThunderCats by sunset

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunset

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a season with an actual story arc.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sunset.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "The Last Day,"

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: New Thundera,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Third Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sunset.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: sunset.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunset.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the Ancient Spirits of Evil

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: "The Last Day,"

text: Conditions in the Arctic have favored sea ice loss in recent years during the Northern Hemisphere summers. At the end of the 20th century, analyses of increasing Pacific Surface Water temperatures led to the discovery of a connection between these rising temperatures and the onset of severe loss of Arctic sea ice in the Beaufort Sea. A reason for the existence of this link was proposed: “...delayed winter ice formation allows for more efficient coupling between the ocean and wind forcing.” These dynamical mechanisms are observed in the spin-up and circulation of the Beaufort Gyre.

text: Conditions in the Arctic have favored sea ice loss in recent years during the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: summers. At the end of the 20th century, analyses of increasing Pacific Surface Water temperatures led to the discovery of a connection between these rising temperatures and the onset of severe loss of Arctic

text: sea ice

text: in the

text: Beaufort Sea

text: . A reason for the existence of this link was proposed: “...delayed winter ice formation allows for more efficient coupling between the ocean and wind forcing.” These dynamical mechanisms are observed in the spin-up and circulation of the Beaufort Gyre.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: rising temperatures and the onset of severe loss of Arctic sea ice

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summers

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: “...delayed winter ice formation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summers.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Conditions in the Arctic have favored sea ice loss

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Beaufort Gyre.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter ice formation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summers.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summers.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summers.

text: Sheridan was born in Montreal, grew up in Winnipeg, and played CIS football for the Manitoba Bisons. He was drafted in the sixth round of the 2000 CFL Draft by the Blue Bombers and joined the team's practice squad at the start of the 2001 CFL season.

text: Sheridan was born in Montreal, grew up in

text: Winnipeg

text: , and played

text: CIS football

text: for the

text: Manitoba Bisons

text: . He was drafted in the sixth round of the

text: 2000 CFL Draft

text: by the Blue Bombers and joined the team's practice squad at the start of the

text: 2001 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He was drafted

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He was drafted in the sixth round of the 2000 CFL Draft

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2001 CFL season.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2001 CFL season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Montreal,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Montreal,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Montreal,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Sheridan was born in Montreal,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2001 CFL season.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Manitoba Bisons.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2000 CFL Draft by the Blue Bombers

text: Earth receives energy from the Sun in the form of ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared radiation. Of the total amount of solar energy available at the top of the atmosphere, about 26% is reflected to space by the atmosphere and clouds and 19% is absorbed by the atmosphere and clouds. Most of the remaining energy is absorbed at the surface of Earth. Because the Earth's surface is colder than the photosphere of the Sun, it radiates at wavelengths that are much longer than the wavelengths that were absorbed. Most of this thermal radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere, thereby warming it. In addition to the absorption of solar and thermal radiation, the atmosphere further gains heat by sensible and latent heat fluxes from the surface. The atmosphere radiates energy both upwards and downwards; the part radiated downwards is absorbed by the surface of Earth. This leads to a higher equilibrium temperature than if the atmosphere were absent.

text: Earth receives energy from the Sun in the form of

text: ultraviolet

text: visible

text: , and

text: near-infrared

text: radiation. Of the total amount of solar energy available at the top of the atmosphere, about 26% is reflected to space by the atmosphere and clouds and 19% is absorbed by the atmosphere and clouds. Most of the remaining energy is absorbed at the surface of Earth. Because the Earth's surface is colder than the photosphere of the Sun, it radiates at

text: wavelengths that are much longer

text: than the wavelengths that were absorbed. Most of this thermal radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere, thereby warming it. In addition to the absorption of solar and thermal radiation, the atmosphere further gains heat by sensible and latent heat fluxes from the surface. The atmosphere radiates energy both upwards and downwards; the part radiated downwards is absorbed by the surface of Earth. This leads to a higher equilibrium temperature than if the atmosphere were absent.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Earth's surface is colder than the photosphere of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Earth's surface is colder than the photosphere of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: higher equilibrium temperature than if the atmosphere were absent.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equilibrium temperature

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's surface is colder than the photosphere of the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: near-infrared radiation.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared radiation.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: higher equilibrium temperature

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The atmosphere radiates energy both upwards and downwards;

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: a higher equilibrium temperature

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth receives energy from the Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared radiation.

text: Direct Site Factor (DSF) is the proportion of direct solar radiation at a given location relative to that in the open, either integrated over time or resolved according to intervals of time of day and/or season.

text: Direct Site Factor (DSF) is the proportion of direct solar radiation at a given location relative to that in the open, either integrated over time or resolved according to intervals of time of day and/or season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Direct Site Factor

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: DSF

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: direct site factor

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: time of day

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: proportion of direct solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Direct Site Factor

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Direct Site Factor

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: time of day and/or season.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Direct Site Factor

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Direct Site Factor (DSF) is the proportion of direct solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: time of day and/or season.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: season.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Direct Site Factor

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Direct Site Factor

text: Because of the precessional motion of the equinox, the ecliptic coordinates of objects on the celestial sphere are continuously changing. Specifying a position in ecliptic coordinates requires specifying a particular equinox, that is, the equinox of a particular date, known as an epoch; the coordinates are referred to the direction of the equinox at that date. For instance, the Astronomical Almanac lists the heliocentric position of Mars at 0h Terrestrial Time, 4 Jan 2010 as: longitude 118° 09' 15".8, latitude +1° 43' 16".7, true heliocentric distance 1.6302454 AU, mean equinox and ecliptic of date. This specifies the mean equinox of 4 Jan 2010 0h TT as above, without the addition of nutation.

text: Because of the

text: precessional motion of the equinox

text: , the ecliptic coordinates of objects on the celestial sphere are continuously changing. Specifying a position in ecliptic coordinates requires specifying a particular equinox, that is, the equinox of a particular date, known as an

text: epoch

text: ; the coordinates are referred to the direction of the equinox at that date. For instance, the Astronomical Almanac lists the

entity_section: Modern use of geocentric and heliocentric

text: heliocentric

text: position of

text: Mars

text: at 0h

text: Terrestrial Time

text: , 4 Jan 2010 as: longitude 118° 09' 15".8, latitude +1° 43' 16".7, true heliocentric distance 1.6302454 AU, mean equinox and ecliptic of date. This specifies the

text: mean equinox

text: of 4 Jan 2010 0h TT

text: as above

text: , without the addition of nutation.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precessional motion of the equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ecliptic

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 4 Jan 2010

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the ecliptic coordinates of objects on the celestial sphere are continuously changing

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precessional motion of the equinox,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: precessional motion of the equinox,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: precessional motion of the equinox,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Because of the precessional motion

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: precessional motion of the equinox,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: precessional motion of the equinox,

text: The 2008 CFL season was the 55th season of modern Canadian professional football. Officially, it was the 51st season for the league. It was also the first CFL season in which all of the league's regular season and post-season games, including the Grey Cup game, were aired on TSN. This meant the CFL was no longer aired on broadcast television in Canada.  As of 2008, TSN was available in approximately 8.8 million of Canada's 13 million households. Montreal hosted the 96th Grey Cup at Olympic Stadium on November 23, when the championship was won by the Calgary Stampeders.

text: The 2008 CFL season was the 55th season of modern Canadian professional football. Officially, it was the 51st season for the league. It was also the first CFL season in which all of the league's regular season and post-season games, including the

text: Grey Cup

text: game, were aired on

text: TSN

text: . This meant the CFL was no longer aired on broadcast television in Canada.  As of 2008, TSN was available in approximately 8.8 million of Canada's 13 million

text: household

text: s.

text: Montreal

text: hosted the

text: 96th Grey Cup

text: at

text: Olympic Stadium

text: on November 23, when the championship was won by the

text: Calgary Stampeders

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The 2008 CFL season was the 55th season of modern Canadian professional football

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 23

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: CFL was no longer aired on broadcast television in Canada.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 96th Grey Cup at Olympic Stadium on November 23,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The 2008 CFL season was the 55th season of modern Canadian professional football.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Montreal

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Olympic Stadium

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 23,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 96th Grey Cup at Olympic Stadium on November 23,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: November 23,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 96th Grey Cup at Olympic Stadium on November 23,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November 23,

text: Equinox is an action video game developed by Mikro-Gen in 1986 for the ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC and Commodore 64.

text: Equinox is an action video game developed by

text: Mikro-Gen

text: in

text: for the

text: ZX Spectrum

text: Amstrad CPC

text: and

text: Commodore 64

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox was released

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was developed for the zx spectrum

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Equinox is an action video game developed by Mikro-Gen

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC and Commodore 64.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: action video game

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC and Commodore 64.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC and Commodore 64.

text: Season 3 is the first season where both the winner and the runner-up had been in the bottom 2 or 3 prior to the finale, being followed by the eighth and twelfth seasons. It is the first season to have a finale with two female contestants, followed by the twelfth season; while the second, seventh and eighth seasons had a finale with two male contestants.  It is also the first season where a Wild Card contestant, Leah LaBelle, is eliminated in the first episode of the finals.  It is the first season to have a gender imbalance among the finalists, followed by season 8, each having eight finalists of the dominant gender.  Season 3 has eight female finalists, whereas the eighth season had eight male finalists.

text: Season 3 is the first season where both the winner and the runner-up had been in the bottom 2 or 3 prior to the finale, being followed by the

text: eighth

text: and

text: twelfth

text: seasons. It is the first season to have a finale with two female contestants, followed by the

text: twelfth season

text: ; while the

text: second

text: seventh

text: and

text: eighth

text: seasons had a finale with two male contestants.  It is also the first season where a Wild Card contestant, Leah LaBelle, is eliminated in the first episode of the finals.  It is the first season to have a gender imbalance among the finalists, followed by season 8, each having eight finalists of the dominant gender.  Season 3 has eight female finalists, whereas the eighth season had eight male finalists.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Season 3 is the first season where both the winner and the runner-up had been in the bottom 2 or 3 prior to the finale

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is the first season to have a gender imbalance among the finalists

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: It is the first season to have a gender imbalance among the finalists,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Wild Card

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Season 3

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 2 or 3

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Season 3

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Season 3

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Season 3 has eight female finalists,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Season 3

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: gender imbalance among the finalists, followed by season 8,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Season 3

text: The general seasonal characteristics of polar mesospheric clouds are well established from the fiveyears of continuous SME data. Over that period, data for four cloud ‘seasons’ in the north, and five‘seasons’ in the south were recorded. In both hemispheres, the season begins about one monthbefore summer solstice and ends about two months afterwards. Since there are no biases due tosuch factors as changing number of hours of visibility, weather conditions, etc. this is a ‘true’behaviour. It is believed to be a result of the fact that summertime mesopause region becomescoldest during this period causing water-ice to form, in contrast to most other regions of theatmosphere which are warmest in summer. Temperatures at latitudes equatorward of the boundaryof detection never get low enough for water-ice to form.

text: The general seasonal characteristics of polar mesospheric clouds are well established from the fiveyears of continuous SME data. Over that period, data for four cloud ‘seasons’ in the north, and five‘seasons’ in the south were recorded. In both hemispheres, the season begins about one monthbefore summer solstice and ends about two months afterwards. Since there are no biases due tosuch factors as changing number of hours of visibility, weather conditions, etc. this is a ‘true’behaviour. It is believed to be a result of the fact that summertime mesopause region becomescoldest during this period causing water-ice to form, in contrast to most other regions of theatmosphere which are warmest in summer. Temperatures at latitudes equatorward of the boundaryof detection never get low enough for water-ice to form.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: summertime mesopause region becomescoldest during this period causing water-ice to form

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the season begins about one monthbefore summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: one monthbefore summer solstice and ends about two months afterwards

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: summertime mesopause region becomescoldest during this period

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summertime mesopause region becomescoldest during this period

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: summertime mesopause

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorward

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the season begins about one monthbefore summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: one monthbefore summer solstice and ends about two months afterwards.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar mesospheric clouds

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer solstice

text: Geography affects solar energy potential because areas that are closer to the equator have a greater amount of solar radiation. However, the use of photovoltaics that can follow the position of the sun can significantly increase the solar energy potential in areas that are farther from the equator. Time variation effects the potential of solar energy because during the nighttime there is little solar radiation on the surface of the Earth for solar panels to absorb. This limits the amount of energy that solar panels can absorb in one day. Cloud cover can affect the potential of solar panels because clouds block incoming light from the sun and reduce the light available for solar cells.

text: Geography affects solar energy potential because areas that are closer to the

text: equator

text: have a greater amount of solar radiation. However, the use of

text: photovoltaics

text: that can follow the position of the sun can significantly increase the solar energy potential in areas that are farther from the equator. Time variation effects the potential of solar energy because during the nighttime there is little solar radiation on the surface of the Earth for

text: solar panels

text: to absorb. This limits the amount of energy that solar panels can absorb in one day.

text: Cloud cover

text: can affect the potential of solar panels because clouds block incoming light from the sun and reduce the light available for solar cells.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: time variation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: closer to the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: there is little solar radiation on the surface of the Earth for solar panels to absorb

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: farther from the equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: is not mentioned

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Time variation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: greater amount of solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Time variation effects the potential of solar energy

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: areas that are closer to the equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: little solar radiation on the surface of the Earth for solar panels to absorb.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: closer to the equator have a greater amount of solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: one day.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Cloud cover

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: clouds

text: Spring is one of the four conventional temperate seasons, following winter and preceding summer. There are various technical definitions of spring, but local usage of the term varies according to local climate, cultures and customs. When it is spring in the Northern Hemisphere, it will be autumn in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa. At the spring equinox, days are approximately 12 hours long with day length increasing as the season progresses.

text: Spring is one of the four conventional

text: temperate

text: season

text: s, following

text: winter

text: and preceding

text: summer

text: . There are various technical definitions of spring, but local usage of the term varies according to local climate, cultures and customs. When it is spring in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , it will be

text: autumn

text: in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: and vice versa. At the spring

text: equinox

text: days

text: are approximately 12 hours long with day length increasing as the season progresses.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate, cultures and customs

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: At the spring equinox, days are approximately 12 hours long

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: day length increasing as the season progresses

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: local climate, cultures and customs.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 12 hours long with day length increasing as the season progresses.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: spring equinox,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: days are approximately 12 hours long

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: days are approximately 12 hours long

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: autumn in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn

text: This trigger occurs in the spring due to seasonal changes in the critical depth and mixed layer depth. The critical depth deepens in the spring because of the increased amount of solar radiation and the decrease in the  angle it hits the earth. During the winter, strong winds and storms vigorously mix the water, leaving a thick mixed layer to bring up nutrient-rich waters from depth.  As the average winds decrease from the winter storms and the ocean is heated, the vertical water column becomes increasingly stratified and the mixed layer depth decreases.

text: This trigger occurs in the spring due to seasonal changes in the critical depth and mixed layer depth. The critical depth deepens in the spring because of the increased amount of solar radiation and the decrease in the  angle it hits the earth. During the winter, strong winds and storms vigorously mix the water, leaving a thick mixed layer to bring up nutrient-rich waters from depth.  As the average winds decrease from the winter storms and the ocean is heated, the vertical water column becomes increasingly

text: stratified

text: and the mixed layer depth decreases.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal changes in the critical depth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The critical depth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the critical depth deepens

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the critical depth deepens

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: increased amount of solar radiation and the decrease in the angle it hits the earth.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: decrease in the angle it hits the earth.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: During the winter,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: increased amount of solar radiation and the decrease in the angle it hits the earth.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The critical depth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: strong winds and storms vigorously mix the water,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: decrease in the angle it hits the earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: During the winter, strong winds and storms

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring

text: The Northern Hemisphere is warming faster than the Southern Hemisphere. This is the opposite of the expected pattern if the Sun, currently closer to the Earth during austral summer, were the principal climate forcing. In particular, the Southern Hemisphere, with more ocean area and less land area, has a lower albedo ("whiteness") and absorbs more light. The Northern Hemisphere, however, has higher population, industry and emissions.

text: The Northern Hemisphere is warming faster than the Southern Hemisphere. This is the opposite of the expected pattern if the Sun, currently

text: closer

text: to the Earth

text: during austral summer

text: , were the principal climate forcing. In particular, the Southern Hemisphere, with more ocean area and less land area, has a lower

text: albedo ("whiteness")

text: and absorbs more light. The Northern Hemisphere, however, has higher population, industry and emissions.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Sun, currently closer to the Earth during austral summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Northern Hemisphere is warming faster than the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Southern Hemisphere is warming faster than the Northern

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: austral summer,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Northern Hemisphere is warming faster than the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere is warming faster than the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Hemisphere is warming faster than the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: austral summer,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere is warming faster than the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: austral summer,

text: The solstice may have been a special moment of the annual cycle for some cultures even during neolithic times. Astronomical events were often used to guide activities such as the mating of animals, the sowing of crops and the monitoring of winter reserves of food. Many cultural mythologies and traditions are derived from this. This is attested by physical remains in the layouts of late Neolithic and Bronze Age archaeological sites, such as Stonehenge in England and Newgrange in Ireland. The primary axes of both of these monuments seem to have been carefully aligned on a sight-line pointing to the winter solstice sunrise (Newgrange) and the winter solstice sunset (Stonehenge). It is significant that at Stonehenge the Great Trilithon was erected outwards from the middle of the monument, i.e. its smooth flat face was turned towards the midwinter Sun. The winter solstice was immensely important because the people were economically dependent on monitoring the progress of the seasons. Starvation was common during the first months of the winter, January to April (northern hemisphere) or July to October (southern hemisphere), also known as "the famine months". In temperate climates, the midwinter festival was the last feast celebration, before deep winter began. Most cattle were slaughtered so they would not have to be fed during the winter, so it was almost the only time of year when a plentiful supply of fresh meat was available. The majority of wine and beer made during the year was finally fermented and ready for drinking at this time. The concentration of the observances were not always on the day commencing at midnight or at dawn, but at the beginning of the pagan day, which in many cultures fell on the previous eve.Because the event was seen as the reversal of the Sun's ebbing presence in the sky, concepts of the birth or rebirth of sun gods have been common and, in cultures which used cyclic calendars based on the winter solstice, the "year as reborn" was celebrated with reference to life-death-rebirth deities or "new beginnings" such as Hogmanay's redding, a New Year cleaning tradition. Also "reversal" is yet another frequent theme, as in Saturnalia's slave and master reversals.

text: The

text: solstice

text: may have been a special moment of the annual cycle for some cultures even during

text: neolithic

text: times. Astronomical events were often used to guide activities such as the

text: mating of animals

text: , the sowing of crops and the monitoring of winter reserves of food. Many cultural mythologies and traditions are derived from this. This is attested by physical remains in the layouts of late Neolithic and

text: Bronze Age

text: archaeological sites, such as

text: Stonehenge

text: in England and

text: Newgrange

text: in Ireland. The primary

text: axes

text: of both of these monuments seem to have been carefully aligned on a sight-line pointing to the winter solstice sunrise (Newgrange) and the winter solstice sunset (Stonehenge). It is significant that at Stonehenge the Great

text: Trilithon

text: was erected outwards from the middle of the monument, i.e. its smooth flat face was turned towards the midwinter Sun. The winter solstice was immensely important because the people were economically dependent on monitoring the progress of the seasons.

text: Starvation

text: was common during the first months of the winter, January to April (northern hemisphere) or July to October (southern hemisphere), also known as "the

text: famine

text: months". In temperate climates, the midwinter festival was the last feast

text: celebration

text: , before deep winter began. Most cattle were

text: slaughter

text: ed so they would not have to be fed during the winter, so it was almost the only time of year when a plentiful supply of fresh meat was available. The majority of wine and beer made during the year was finally

text: fermented

text: and ready for drinking at this time. The concentration of the observances were not always on the day commencing at midnight or at dawn, but at the beginning of the pagan day, which in many cultures fell on the previous

text: eve

text: .Because the event was seen as the reversal of the Sun's ebbing presence in the sky, concepts of the birth or rebirth of

text: sun god

text: s have been common and, in cultures which used cyclic calendars based on the winter solstice, the "year as reborn" was celebrated with reference to

text: life-death-rebirth deities

text: or "new beginnings" such as

text: Hogmanay

text: 's redding, a

text: New Year

text: cleaning tradition. Also "reversal" is yet another frequent theme, as in

text: Saturnalia

text: 's slave and master reversals.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The winter solstice was immensely important because the people were economically dependent on monitoring the progress of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Starvation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The winter solstice was immensely important because the people were economically dependent on monitoring the progress of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the concentration of the observances were not always on the day commencing at midnight or at dawn

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: reversal of the Sun's ebbing presence in the sky,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "the famine months".

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: temperate climates,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (northern hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: monitoring of winter reserves of food.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: reversal of the Sun's ebbing presence in the sky,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Starvation was common during the first months of the winter,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: July to October

text: The second generation Equinox was announced by GM on December 21, 2008, and debuted at the 2009 North American International Auto Show in Detroit. The 2010 Equinox went on sale in June 2009. It is built on a stiffened version of the same "Theta" platform used in the previous model. The second generation Equinox was built with a pair of upgraded gasoline direct injection engines, with better fuel economy claimed by GM. Earlier 2010 models had the GM badges on the front doors, but were later deleted. Marketing of Chevrolet Equinox resumed in Mexico during late November 2009, for the 2010 model year after a year of absence. Sales of the Chevrolet Equinox to Mexico were stopped after the 2011 model year. However, in October 2015 the Equinox was reintroduced in Mexico to replace the Captiva Sport for the 2016 model year.

text: The second generation Equinox was announced by GM on December 21, 2008, and debuted at the 2009

text: North American International Auto Show

text: in Detroit. The 2010 Equinox went on sale in June 2009. It is built on a stiffened version of the same "Theta" platform used in the previous model. The second generation Equinox was built with a pair of upgraded

text: gasoline direct injection

text: engines, with better fuel economy claimed by GM. Earlier 2010 models had the GM badges on the front doors, but were later deleted. Marketing of Chevrolet Equinox resumed in

text: Mexico

text: during late November 2009, for the 2010 model year after a year of absence. Sales of the Chevrolet Equinox to

text: Mexico

text: were stopped after the 2011 model year. However, in October 2015 the Equinox was reintroduced in Mexico to replace the Captiva Sport for the 2016 model year.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 2010 Equinox went on sale in June 2009

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 21, 2008

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: built with a pair of upgraded gasoline direct injection engines

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: nighttime

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: better fuel economy claimed by GM.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: December 21, 2008,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The 2010 Equinox went on sale in June 2009.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Detroit.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mexico

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: late November 2009,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: better fuel economy claimed by GM.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December 21, 2008,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The second generation Equinox was announced by GM on December 21, 2008,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December 21, 2008,

text: The tourist season is the dry season, during the Northern Hemisphere winter.

text: The tourist season is the

text: dry season

text: , during the Northern Hemisphere winter.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: it is a natural cycle

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The tourist season is the dry season,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: The tourist season is the dry season,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The tourist season is the dry season,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The tourist season is the dry season,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The tourist season is the dry season,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: dry season,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: dry season,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The tourist season is the dry season,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The tourist season is the dry season,

text: Situated in the southern hemisphere, where seasons are reversed from the northern, the heat of early summer in Australia affects the way Christmas is celebrated and how northern hemisphere Christmas traditions are followed.  Australians generally spend Christmas out of doors, going to the beach for the day, or heading to camp grounds for a vacation. International visitors to Sydney at Christmastime often go to Bondi Beach where tens of thousands gather on Christmas Day.

text: Situated in the

text: southern hemisphere

text: , where seasons are reversed from the northern, the heat of early summer in Australia affects the way Christmas is celebrated and how

text: northern hemisphere

text: Christmas traditions

text: are followed.

text: Australians

text: generally spend Christmas out of doors, going to the beach for the day, or heading to camp grounds for a vacation. International visitors to Sydney at

text: Christmastime

text: often go to

text: Bondi Beach

text: where tens of thousands gather on

text: Christmas Day

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: reversed from the northern

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: reversed

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Christmastime

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasons are reversed from the northern,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasons are reversed from the northern, the heat of early summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasons are reversed from the northern,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: seasons are reversed from the northern,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seasons are reversed from the northern, the heat of early summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasons are reversed from the northern,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: seasons are reversed from the northern,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: seasons are reversed from the northern, the heat of early summer

text: The cold opening for the episode deals with Dwight and his fictional Earth Day super hero "Recyclops". During Jim's narrative, he discusses the history of Recyclops, and a montage of Dwight harassing past receptionists was shown. The receptionists that Dwight harasses include: Pam, who is accompanied by Jim, circa 2006; Ryan; Ronni (Dale Raoul), who was introduced during the fifth season episode "Weight Loss"; and Erin. These clips were created to look as if they had been filmed in the past and were only then being used. This was not the only time this technique was used in the series. During the seventh season episode "Threat Level Midnight", there is a short sequence that was shot to look as if it had been filmed during the show's second season, although the scene itself was filmed in 2011. Furthermore, during the season nine episode "Customer Loyalty, the cold opening features a montage of Jim setting up a prank—which involves sending Dwight on a quest for the Holy Grail that heavily suggested that Jim set up the prank sometime during 2006, which would have taken place during the show's second season. Appropriately, the montage was filmed to look as if the documentarians were using archival footage of Jim; his hair matches the style that Jim had during the first few seasons of the show.

text: The cold opening for the episode deals with Dwight and his fictional

text: Earth Day

text: super hero "Recyclops". During Jim's narrative, he discusses the history of Recyclops, and a montage of Dwight harassing past receptionists was shown. The receptionists that Dwight harasses include: Pam, who is accompanied by Jim, circa 2006; Ryan; Ronni (

text: Dale Raoul

text: ), who was introduced during the

text: fifth season

text: episode "

text: Weight Loss

text: "; and Erin. These clips were created to look as if they had been filmed in the past and were only then being used. This was not the only time this technique was used in the series. During the

text: seventh season

text: episode "

text: Threat Level Midnight

text: ", there is a short sequence that was shot to look as if it had been filmed during the show's second season, although the scene itself was filmed in 2011. Furthermore, during the

text: season nine

text: episode "

text: Customer Loyalty

text: , the cold opening features a montage of Jim setting up a prank—which involves sending Dwight on a quest for the

text: Holy Grail

text: that heavily suggested that Jim set up the prank sometime during 2006, which would have taken place during the show's

text: second season

text: . Appropriately, the montage was filmed to look as if the documentarians were using archival footage of Jim; his hair matches the style that Jim had during the first few seasons of the show.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: These clips were created to look as if they had been filmed in the past

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth Day

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: During the seventh season episode

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was filmed in 2011

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth Day

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: filmed in the past and were only then being used.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth Day

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2006;

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 2006;

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth Day super hero "Recyclops".

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2006;

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth Day

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth Day

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2006;

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2006;

text: The times of the equinoxes and solstices are not fixed with respect to the modern Gregorian calendar, but fall about six hours later every year, amounting to one full day in four years. They are reset by the occurrence of a leap year. The Gregorian calendar is designed to keep the March equinox no later than 21 March as accurately as is practical. Also see: Gregorian calendar seasonal error.

text: The times of the equinoxes and solstices are not fixed with respect to the modern Gregorian calendar, but fall about six hours later every year, amounting to one full day in four years. They are reset by the occurrence of a leap year. The Gregorian calendar is designed to keep the March equinox no later than 21 March as accurately as is practical. Also see:

text: Gregorian calendar seasonal error

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: They are reset by the occurrence of a leap year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: about six hours later

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Gregorian calendar is designed to keep the March equinox no later than 21 March

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: How is the Earth's axis of rotation?

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: They are reset by the occurrence of a leap year.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes and solstices

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: fall about six hours later every year,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: six hours later every year, amounting to one full day in four years.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: six hours later every year,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: fall about six hours later every year,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes and solstices

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The times of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: fall about six hours later every year,

text: Lemurs time their mating and birth seasons so that all weaning periods are synchronized to match the time of highest food availability. Weaning occurs either before or shortly after the eruption of the first permanent molars in lemurs. Mouse lemurs are able to fit their entire breeding cycle into the wet season, whereas larger lemurs, such as sifakas, must lactate for two months during the dry season. Infant survival in some species, such as Milne-Edwards' sifaka, has been shown to be directly impacted by both environmental conditions and the rank, age, and health of the mother. The breeding season is also affected by geographical location. For example, mouse lemurs give birth between September and October in their native habitat in the Southern Hemisphere, but from May through June in the captive settings in the Northern Hemisphere.

text: Lemurs time their mating and birth seasons so that all

text: weaning

text: periods are synchronized to match the time of highest food availability. Weaning occurs either before or shortly after the eruption of the first permanent molars in lemurs. Mouse lemurs are able to fit their entire breeding cycle into the wet season, whereas larger lemurs, such as sifakas, must

text: lactate

text: for two months during the dry season. Infant survival in some species, such as Milne-Edwards' sifaka, has been shown to be directly impacted by both environmental conditions and the rank, age, and health of the mother. The breeding season is also affected by geographical location. For example, mouse lemurs give birth between September and October in their native habitat in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , but from May through June in the captive settings in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the time of highest food availability

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: mouse lemurs give birth between September and October

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: synchronized

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: highest food availability.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: May through June in the captive settings in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: wet season,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: September and October

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: synchronized to match the time of highest food availability.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: time of highest food availability.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Lemurs time their mating and birth seasons

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September and October

text: Another facet of Kampala’s weather is that it features two annual wet seasons. There is a long rainy season from August to December and a short rainy season from February to June.  However, the shorter rainy season sees substantially heavier rainfall per month, with April typically seeing the heaviest amount of precipitation at an average of around  of rain. Kampala has been frequently mentioned as one of the most thunderous places on Earth.

text: Another facet of Kampala’s weather is that it features two annual

text: wet season

text: s. There is a long rainy season from August to December and a short rainy season from February to June.  However, the shorter rainy season sees substantially heavier rainfall per month, with April typically seeing the heaviest amount of precipitation at an average of around  of rain. Kampala has been frequently mentioned as one of the most thunderous places on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: rainfall

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Kampala

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: wet

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: long rainy season from August to December

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: long rainy season from August to December

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: two annual wet seasons.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Kampala

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February to June.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: April

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: February to June.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: August to December and a short rainy season from February to June.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: August to December

text: Even though it only accounts for a minuscule fraction of total solar radiation, the impact of solar UV, EUV and X-ray radiation on the Earth's upper atmosphere is profound. Solar UV flux is a major driver of stratospheric chemistry, and increases in ionizing radiation significantly affect ionosphere-influenced temperature and electrical conductivity.

text: Even though it only accounts for a minuscule fraction of total solar radiation, the impact of solar UV, EUV and X-ray radiation on the Earth's upper atmosphere is profound. Solar UV flux is a major driver of

text: stratospheric chemistry

text: , and increases in ionizing radiation significantly affect

text: ionosphere

text: -influenced temperature and

text: electrical conductivity

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar UV flux

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: stratospheric

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: temperature

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: minuscule fraction of total solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: minuscule fraction of total solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: temperature

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: minuscule fraction of total solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: minuscule fraction of total solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: minuscule fraction of total solar radiation,

text: The frequency of fireball sightings increases by about 10-30% during the weeks of vernal equinox. Even meteorite falls are more common during the northern hemisphere's spring season. Although this phenomenon has been known for quite some time, the reason behind the anomaly is not fully understood by scientists. Some researchers attribute this to an intrinsic variation in the meteoroid population along Earth's orbit, with a peak in big fireball-producing debris around spring and early summer. Others have pointed out that during this period the ecliptic is (in the northern hemisphere) high in the sky in the late afternoon and early evening. This means that fireball radiants with an asteroidal source are high in the sky (facilitating relatively high rates) at the moment the meteoroids "catch up" with Earth, coming from behind going in the same direction as Earth. This causes relatively low relative speeds and from this low entry speeds, which facilitates survival of meteorites. It also generates high fireball rates in the early evening, increasing chances of eye witness reports. This explains a part, but perhaps not all of the seasonal variation. Research is in progress for mapping the orbits of the meteors to gain a better understanding of the phenomenon.

text: The frequency of

text: fireball

text: sightings increases by about 10-30% during the weeks of

text: vernal equinox

text: . Even

text: meteorite

text: falls are more common during the northern hemisphere's spring season. Although this phenomenon has been known for quite some time, the reason behind the anomaly is not fully understood by scientists. Some researchers attribute this to an intrinsic variation in the meteoroid population along Earth's orbit, with a peak in big fireball-producing debris around spring and early summer. Others have pointed out that during this period the ecliptic is (in the northern hemisphere) high in the sky in the late afternoon and early evening. This means that fireball radiants with an asteroidal source are high in the sky (facilitating relatively high rates) at the moment the meteoroids "catch up" with Earth, coming from behind going in the same direction as Earth. This causes relatively low relative speeds and from this low entry speeds, which facilitates survival of meteorites. It also generates high fireball rates in the early evening, increasing chances of eye witness reports. This explains a part, but perhaps not all of the seasonal variation. Research is in progress for mapping the orbits of the meteors to gain a better understanding of the phenomenon.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: not fully understood by scientists

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: intrinsic variation in the meteoroid population along Earth's orbit,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: a peak in big fireball-producing debris

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The frequency of fireball sightings increases by about 10-30%

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: vernal equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox.

text: The 2015 season schedule was released on February 13, 2015, with the regular season opening on June 25, 2015 at Percival Molson Memorial Stadium in Montreal, Quebec. It was the first time that Montreal had hosted the season opener since the 2011 CFL season. The major complication this year was the lack of available stadium dates due to the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup and the 2015 Pan Am Games occurring over the entire CFL pre-season and first five weeks of the regular season, affecting five member clubs. The BC Lions, Edmonton Eskimos, and Ottawa Redblacks played pre-season games away from their regular stadiums and in some instances, in different cities. The Hamilton Tiger-Cats did not play a regular season home game until week 6 and the Argonauts did not play in Toronto for a regular season game until week 7.

text: The 2015 season schedule was released on February 13, 2015, with the regular season opening on June 25, 2015 at

text: Percival Molson Memorial Stadium

text: in

text: Montreal

text: Quebec

text: . It was the first time that Montreal had hosted the season opener since the

text: 2011 CFL season

text: . The major complication this year was the lack of available stadium dates due to the

text: 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup

text: and the

text: 2015 Pan Am Games

text: occurring over the entire CFL pre-season and first five weeks of the regular season, affecting five member clubs. The

text: BC Lions

text: Edmonton Eskimos

text: , and

text: Ottawa Redblacks

text: played pre-season games away from their regular stadiums and in some instances, in different cities. The

text: Hamilton Tiger-Cats

text: did not play a regular season home game until week 6 and the

text: Argonauts

text: did not play in Toronto for a regular season game until week 7.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup and the 2015 Pan Am Games

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2015

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2015

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: lack of available stadium dates

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: June 25, 2015

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: June 25, 2015

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Montreal, Quebec.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Montreal, Quebec.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February 13, 2015, with the regular season opening on June 25, 2015

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: February 13, 2015, with the regular season opening on June 25, 2015

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: June 25, 2015

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the regular season opening on June 25, 2015

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: June 25, 2015

text: The show had no proper conclusion with regard to the humans' attempts to return to Earth, and the final episode, "Graveyard of Fools," was a general tale that could have taken place any time in the second season. The penultimate episode, "Wild Journey" (guest starring Bruce Dern), has Steve and Dan using alien technology to travel back in time to Earth just a few hours before their ill-fated flight. In a storyline lifted from the Lost In Space episode "The Time Merchant," they attempt to alter the time line but only succeed in ensuring that the events of the first episode, "The Crash," take place (footage from the pilot, where Spindrift becomes lost, is included in this episode), creating a Twilight Zone-style twist ending, with the impression of a recurring cycle of inevitable events. This episode would have been more effective as the final episode of the season, mirroring Irwin Allen's earlier series The Time Tunnel, in which the events of the final episode return the characters to their starting point in the pilot episode, "Rendezvous with Destiny;" and Land of the Giants makes more sense with "Wild Journey" switched for "Graveyard of Fools" in reruns.

text: The show had no proper conclusion with regard to the humans' attempts to return to Earth, and the final episode, "Graveyard of Fools," was a general tale that could have taken place any time in the second season. The penultimate episode, "Wild Journey" (guest starring

text: Bruce Dern

text: ), has Steve and Dan using alien technology to travel back in time to Earth just a few hours before their ill-fated flight. In a storyline lifted from the

text: Lost In Space

text: episode "The Time Merchant," they attempt to alter the time line but only succeed in ensuring that the events of the first episode, "The Crash," take place (footage from the pilot, where Spindrift becomes lost, is included in this episode), creating a Twilight Zone-style twist ending, with the impression of a recurring cycle of inevitable events. This episode would have been more effective as the final episode of the season, mirroring Irwin Allen's earlier series

text: The Time Tunnel

text: , in which the events of the final episode return the characters to their starting point in the pilot episode, "Rendezvous with Destiny;" and Land of the Giants makes more sense with "Wild Journey" switched for "Graveyard of Fools" in reruns.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Land of the Giants makes more sense with "Wild Journey" switched for "Graveyard of Fools" in reruns.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The show had no proper conclusion with regard to the humans' attempts to return to Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: this episode would have been more effective as the final episode of the season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Twilight Zone

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: mirroring Irwin Allen's earlier series The Time Tunnel,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Land of the Giants

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the final episode, "Graveyard of Fools,"

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Land of the Giants

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Land of the Giants

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: any time in the second season.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The show had no proper conclusion

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Twilight Zone-style

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the final episode, "Graveyard of Fools,"

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: "Graveyard of Fools,"

text: The length of time for Mars to complete one orbit around the Sun is its sidereal year, and is about 686.98 Earth solar days, or 668.5991 sols. Because of the eccentricity of Mars' orbit, the seasons are not of equal length. Assuming that seasons run from equinox to solstice or vice versa, the season L 0 to L 90 (northern-hemisphere spring / southern-hemisphere autumn) is the longest season lasting 194 Martian sols, and L 180 to L 270 (northern hemisphere autumn / southern-hemisphere spring) is the shortest season, lasting only 142 Martian sols.  One commonly used system in the scientific literature denotes year number relative to Mars Year 1 (MY1) beginning with the northern Spring equinox of April 11, 1955.

text: The length of time for Mars to complete one orbit around the Sun is its

text: sidereal year

text: , and is about 686.98 Earth solar days, or 668.5991 sols. Because of the eccentricity of Mars' orbit, the seasons are not of equal length. Assuming that seasons run from equinox to solstice or vice versa, the season L 0 to L 90 (northern-hemisphere spring / southern-hemisphere autumn) is the longest season lasting 194 Martian sols, and L 180 to L 270 (northern hemisphere autumn / southern-hemisphere spring) is the shortest season, lasting only 142 Martian sols.  One commonly used system in the scientific literature denotes year number relative to Mars Year 1 (MY1) beginning with the northern Spring equinox of April 11, 1955.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Because of the eccentricity of Mars' orbit

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Because of the eccentricity of Mars' orbit,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: the seasons are not of equal length.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (northern-hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: L 180 to L 270

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northern Spring

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 686.98 Earth solar days,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: April 11, 1955.

text: The precession of solstices and equinoxes is the third factor that plays a role in Earth climate change that deals directly with the earth itself. The basis of the precession of solstices and equinoxes is that it causes the seasons to occur at different times in Earth’s revolution around the sun throughout a cycle recurring about every 23,000 years.

text: The precession of solstices and equinoxes is the third factor that plays a role in Earth climate change that deals directly with the earth itself. The basis of the precession of solstices and equinoxes is that it causes the seasons to occur at different times in Earth’s revolution around the sun throughout a cycle recurring about every 23,000 years.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: about every 23,000 years

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth’s revolution around the sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession of solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The precession of solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The precession of solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seasons to occur at different times in Earth’s revolution around the sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it causes the seasons to occur at different times

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The precession of solstices and equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The precession of solstices and equinoxes

text: Brent Johnson was drafted by the Lions in the third round, 20th overall of the 2000 CFL Draft.  He started playing for BC in 2001. Johnson led the CFL in sacks with 17 in the 2005 CFL season and 16 in the 2006 CFL season.  He won the CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award and was named a CFL All-Star in both years.  Johnson also won the CFL's Most Outstanding Defensive Player Award in 2006.  He was awarded his third CFL All-Star selection for his performance in the 2008 CFL season. He holds the record for sacks with the BC Lions with 89 over his 11-year career.

text: Brent Johnson was drafted by the Lions in the third round, 20th overall of the

text: 2000 CFL Draft

text: .  He started playing for BC in 2001. Johnson led the CFL in

text: sacks

text: with 17 in the

text: 2005 CFL season

text: and 16 in the

text: 2006 CFL season

text: .  He won the

text: CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award

text: and was named a CFL All-Star in both years.  Johnson also won the

text: CFL's Most Outstanding Defensive Player Award

text: in 2006.  He was awarded his third CFL All-Star selection for his performance in the

text: 2008 CFL season

text: . He holds the record for sacks with the BC Lions with 89 over his 11-year career.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He won the CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He won the CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Canadian

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 89

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 89

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Canadian

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 89

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 89

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2008

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 89

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 89

text: Of the ~340 W/m² of solar radiation received by the Earth, an average of ~77 W/m² is reflected back to space by clouds and the atmosphere and ~23 W/m² is reflected by the surface albedo, leaving ~240 W/m² of solar energy input to the Earth's energy budget. This gives the earth a mean net albedo of 0.29.

text: Of the ~340 W/m² of solar radiation received by the Earth, an average of ~77 W/m² is reflected back to space by clouds and the atmosphere and ~23 W/m² is reflected by the surface

text: albedo

text: , leaving ~240 W/m² of solar energy input to the Earth's energy budget. This gives the earth a mean net albedo of 0.29.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: clouds and the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface albedo

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 340 W/m2

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: an average of  77 W/m2

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 340 W/m2 of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: <unk>340 W/m2 of solar radiation received by the Earth,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 23 W/m2 is reflected by the surface albedo,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 340 W/m2

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: <unk>340 W/m2 of solar radiation received by the Earth,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: <unk>23 W/m2 is reflected by the surface albedo,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: <unk>340 W/m2 of solar radiation received by the Earth,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: <unk>340 W/m2 of solar radiation received by the Earth,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: <unk>340 W/m2

text: On December 16, 2013, Albright was drafted by the Ottawa Redblacks in the second round of the 2013 CFL Expansion Draft. Nonetheless he spent his first season in the CFL with the BC Lions. Following the 2013 season Albright returned to the team that drafted him. Matthew Albright was active for 14 games over the course of the next two seasons, and his contract was extended following the 2015 CFL season.

text: On December 16, 2013, Albright was drafted by the

text: Ottawa Redblacks

text: in the second round of the

text: 2013 CFL Expansion Draft

text: . Nonetheless he spent his first season in the CFL with the BC Lions. Following the 2013 season Albright returned to the team that drafted him. Matthew Albright was active for 14 games over the course of the next two seasons, and his contract was extended following the

text: 2015 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Albright was active for 14 games over the course of the next two seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: his contract was extended following the 2015 CFL season.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2013 CFL Expansion Draft.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2013 CFL Expansion Draft.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Ottawa Redblacks

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Ottawa Redblacks

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 16, 2013,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: December 16, 2013,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December 16,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2013 CFL Expansion Draft.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December 16, 2013,

text: Type I disease occurs in young cattle grazing on pastures for their first time during the period of high pasture contamination. This syndrome usually occurs in the summer and fall months in the Northern hemisphere and during the winter and spring months in the Southern hemisphere. Infective larvae are ingested daily by the young stock on pasture. The pathological and clinical signs are due to the direct development of large numbers of L3 larvae to adult worms over a relatively short period of time (approximately 3 weeks) in young animals with an immune system naïve to Ostertagia infections. The young adult worms then break out of the gastric glands, causing substantial damage to the abomasal wall. Mild cases result in reduced growth or production and severe cases can result in fulminating disease characterized by profuse watery diarrhoea, rapid weight loss, submandibular oedema ("bottle jaw"), anemia and death.

text: Type I disease occurs in young cattle grazing on pastures for their first time during the period of high pasture contamination. This syndrome usually occurs in the summer and fall months in the Northern hemisphere and during the winter and spring months in the Southern hemisphere. Infective larvae are ingested daily by the young stock on pasture. The pathological and clinical signs are due to the direct development of large numbers of L3 larvae to adult worms over a relatively short period of time (approximately 3 weeks) in young animals with an immune system naïve to Ostertagia infections. The young adult worms then break out of the gastric glands, causing substantial damage to the abomasal wall. Mild cases result in reduced growth or production and severe cases can result in fulminating disease characterized by profuse watery diarrhoea, rapid weight loss, submandibular oedema ("bottle jaw"), anemia and death.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: high pasture contamination

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: usually occurs in the summer and fall

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: high pasture contamination.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter and spring months in the Southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter and spring months in the Southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: summer and fall months in the Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter and spring months in the Southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter and spring months in the Southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer and fall months in the Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter and spring months in the Southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: fall months in the Northern hemisphere

text: In Australia, due to the relatively mild winters and hot summers, the amateur road racing season runs from autumn to spring, through the winter months, while criterium races are held in the mornings or late afternoons during the summer. Some professional events, including the Tour Down Under, are held in the southern summer, mainly to avoid clashing with the major northern hemisphere races and allowing top professionals to compete.

text: In Australia, due to the relatively mild winters and hot summers, the amateur road racing season runs from autumn to spring, through the winter months, while

text: criterium

text: races are held in the mornings or late afternoons during the summer. Some professional events, including the

text: Tour Down Under

text: , are held in the southern summer, mainly to avoid clashing with the major northern hemisphere races and allowing top professionals to compete.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: mild winters and hot summers

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: relatively mild winters and hot summers,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: southern summer,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: criterium races are held in the mornings or late afternoons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Australia, due to the relatively mild winters and hot summers,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: autumn to spring,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: autumn to spring,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: mornings or late afternoons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Tour Down Under, are held in the southern summer,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn to spring,

text: As mentioned above, at present, perihelion occurs during the southern hemisphere's summer and aphelion during the southern winter. Thus the southern hemisphere seasons should tend to be somewhat more extreme than the northern hemisphere seasons. The relatively low eccentricity of the present orbit results in a 6.8% difference in the amount of solar radiation during summer in the two hemispheres.

text: As mentioned above, at present, perihelion occurs during the southern hemisphere's summer and aphelion during the southern winter. Thus the southern hemisphere seasons should tend to be somewhat more extreme than the northern hemisphere seasons. The relatively low eccentricity of the present orbit results in a 6.8% difference in the amount of solar radiation during summer in the two hemispheres.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: low eccentricity of the present orbit results in a 6.8% difference in the amount of solar radiation during summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: southern hemisphere seasons should tend to be somewhat more extreme than the northern hemisphere seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The relatively low eccentricity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the southern hemisphere seasons should tend to be somewhat more extreme

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere's

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: aphelion

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: perihelion occurs during the southern hemisphere's summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: perihelion occurs during the southern hemisphere's summer

text: The tilt of the Earth’s axis and the shape of its orbit around the Sun vary slowly over tens of thousands of years and are a natural source of climate change, by changing the seasonal and latitudinal distribution of solar insolation.

text: The tilt of the Earth’s axis and the shape of its orbit around the Sun vary slowly over tens of thousands of years and are a natural source of climate change, by changing the seasonal and latitudinal distribution of solar

text: insolation

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: tilt of the Earth’s axis and the shape of its orbit around the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: latitudinal

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Earth’s axis rotates

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal and latitudinal

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasonal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The tilt of the Earth’s axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: latitudinal

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasonal and latitudinal distribution of solar insolation.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: seasonal and latitudinal

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: latitudinal

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar insolation.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal and latitudinal distribution of solar insolation.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasonal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The tilt of the Earth’s axis

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The tilt of the Earth’s axis

text: January is the first month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and the first month to have the length of 31 days. The first day of the month is known as New Year's Day. It is, on average, the coldest month of the year within most of the Northern Hemisphere (where it is the second month of winter) and the warmest month of the year within most of the Southern Hemisphere (where it is the second month of summer). In the Southern hemisphere, January is the seasonal equivalent of July in the Northern hemisphere and vice versa.

text: January is the first

text: month

text: of the

text: year

text: in the

text: Julian

text: and

text: Gregorian calendar

text: s and the first month to have the length of 31 days. The first day of the month is known as

text: New Year's Day

text: . It is, on average, the coldest month of the year within most of the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: (where it is the second month of

text: winter

text: ) and the warmest month of the year within most of the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: (where it is the second month of

text: summer

text: ). In the Southern hemisphere, January is the seasonal equivalent of July in the Northern hemisphere and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: it is the second month of winter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: January is the seasonal equivalent of July in the Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: first month to have the length of 31 days.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: warmest month of the year within most of the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: coldest month of the year within most of the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: July in the Northern hemisphere and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: July

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: January

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: January

text: Colonel Harry Maybourne, (played by Tom McBeath, seasons 1–6, 8) – A USAF Colonel introduced in season 1's "Enigma" as an NID member with ambiguous morals and loyalties. In season 2's "Bane", Maybourne leads an NID attempt to claim Teal'c for study after alien insect infected Teal'c. After further antagonizing SG-1 through rogue NID operations in "Touchstone" and "Shades of Grey", and helping SG-1 in "Foothold"  Maybourne flees to Russia and aids in establishing the Russian Stargate Program. He is caught in season 4's "Watergate", convicted of treason, and placed on death row. O'Neill contacts Maybourne in "Chain Reaction" to help reinstate General Hammond, who was blackmailed into resigning from his position. Maybourne escapes after the mission's success and covertly helps O'Neill in season 5's "Desperate Measures" and "48 Hours" in the Adrian Conrad case. Maybourne tricks SG-1 into taking him off-world in season 6's "Paradise Lost", and is eventually exiled to a far-off planet. When SG-1 meets him again in season 8's "It's Good To Be King", Maybourne leads a life of leisure as the seemingly clairvoyant ruler of the local peoples, King Arkhan I. Although the people later discover the deception, they welcome him to stay as his technological expertise has improved their standard of life, and SG-1 returns to Earth without him.  He had ascended to power using an Ancient time-travelers log of his journeys into the future of the planet and ended up facing a Goa'uld invasion, but the soldiers were repelled by Jackson and Teal'c with help from one of the villagers, and O'Neill destroyed in the ship in orbit, killing the System Lord behind the attack.  When the team leave, O'Neill and Maybourne part amicably with Maybourne having finally accepted responsibility towards the people he was ruling.  He also reveals that he had more than one wife.

text: Colonel

text: Harry Maybourne, (played by

text: Tom McBeath

text: , seasons 1–6, 8) – A USAF Colonel introduced in season 1's "

text: Enigma

text: " as an NID member with ambiguous morals and loyalties. In season 2's "

text: Bane

text: ", Maybourne leads an NID attempt to claim Teal'c for study after alien insect infected Teal'c. After further antagonizing SG-1 through rogue NID operations in "

text: Touchstone

text: " and "

text: Shades of Grey

text: ", and helping SG-1 in "

text: Foothold

text: "  Maybourne flees to Russia and aids in establishing the Russian Stargate Program. He is caught in season 4's "

text: Watergate

text: ", convicted of treason, and placed on

text: death row

text: . O'Neill contacts Maybourne in "

text: Chain Reaction

text: " to help reinstate General Hammond, who was blackmailed into resigning from his position. Maybourne escapes after the mission's success and covertly helps O'Neill in season 5's "

text: Desperate Measures

text: " and "

text: 48 Hours

text: " in the

text: Adrian Conrad

text: case. Maybourne tricks SG-1 into taking him off-world in season 6's "

text: Paradise Lost

text: ", and is eventually exiled to a far-off planet. When SG-1 meets him again in season 8's "

text: It's Good To Be King

text: ", Maybourne leads a life of leisure as the seemingly clairvoyant ruler of the local peoples, King Arkhan I. Although the people later discover the deception, they welcome him to stay as his technological expertise has improved their standard of life, and SG-1 returns to Earth without him.  He had ascended to power using an Ancient time-travelers log of his journeys into the future of the planet and ended up facing a Goa'uld invasion, but the soldiers were repelled by Jackson and Teal'c with help from one of the villagers, and O'Neill destroyed in the ship in orbit, killing the System Lord behind the attack.  When the team leave, O'Neill and Maybourne part amicably with Maybourne having finally accepted responsibility towards the people he was ruling.  He also reveals that he had more than one wife.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to help reinstate General Hammond

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: What does Maybourne trick SG-1 into taking him off-world?

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Colonel Harry Maybourne

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Conrad

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Teal'c

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: When does Maybourne return to Earth?

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: SG-1 returns to Earth without him

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Colonel Harry Maybourne

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: What is the vernal equinox?

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: alien insect infected Teal'c.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "48 Hours"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: season 6's "Paradise Lost",

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Teal'c

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Teal'c

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Maybourne

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: "48 Hours"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "48 Hours"

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Maybourne

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Maybourne tricks SG-1 into taking him off-world in season 6's

text: The Commissioner of the CFC, Winnipeg's G. Sydney Halter, QC, was reappointed as the first-ever CFL commissioner. The CFL officially opened its operations on Thursday, August 14, as 18,206 spectators watched the Winnipeg Blue Bombers defeat the Edmonton Eskimos 29–21 in pre-season action at Winnipeg. A regular season game was played in the United States, at Philadelphia's Municipal Stadium on September 14 as the Hamilton Tiger-Cats defeated the Ottawa Rough Riders by a score of 24–18.

text: The Commissioner of the CFC, Winnipeg's

text: G. Sydney Halter

text: , QC, was reappointed as the first-ever CFL commissioner. The CFL officially opened its operations on Thursday, August 14, as 18,206 spectators watched the

text: Winnipeg Blue Bombers

text: defeat the

text: Edmonton Eskimos

text: 29–21 in pre-season action at Winnipeg. A regular season game was played in the

text: United States

text: , at

text: Philadelphia

text: 's

text: Municipal Stadium

text: on September 14 as the

text: Hamilton Tiger-Cats

text: defeated the

text: Ottawa Rough Riders

text: by a score of 24–18.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: pre-season action at Winnipeg

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: A regular season game was played in the United States,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 24–18.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: August 14,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Winnipeg.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Winnipeg.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: August 14,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: August 14,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Thursday, August 14,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Winnipeg Blue Bombers defeat the Edmonton Eskimos 29–21

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September 14

text: Equinox (also known as The Equinox... A Journey into the Supernatural, and released on home video as The Beast) is a 1970 American independent horror film directed by Dennis Muren and Jack Woods, and starring Edward Connell, Barbara Hewitt, Frank Bonner and award-winning science fiction/horror writer Fritz Leiber. The plot focuses on four teenagers having a picnic in the canyons of California who stumble upon an ancient book containing secrets of a strange world that exists alongside humans, and consequently unleash a plethora of evil creatures and monsters.

text: Equinox (also known as The Equinox... A Journey into the Supernatural, and released on home video as The Beast) is a 1970

text: American

text: independent

text: horror film

text: directed by

text: Dennis Muren

text: and Jack Woods, and starring Edward Connell, Barbara Hewitt,

text: Frank Bonner

text: and award-winning science fiction/horror writer

text: Fritz Leiber

text: . The plot focuses on four teenagers having a picnic in the canyons of California who stumble upon an ancient book containing secrets of a strange world that exists alongside humans, and consequently unleash a plethora of evil creatures and monsters.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the book containing secrets of a strange world that exists alongside humans

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: California

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the plot focuses on four teenagers having a picnic

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: humans,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: canyons of California

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: canyons of California

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unleash a plethora of evil creatures and monsters.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox

text: The solstices (as well as the equinoxes) mark the middle of the seasons in East Asian calendars. Here, the Chinese character 至 means "extreme", so the terms for the solstices directly signify the summits of summer and winter.

text: The solstices (as well as the

text: equinox

text: es) mark the middle of the seasons in East Asian calendars. Here, the Chinese character

text: 至

text: means "extreme", so the terms for the solstices directly signify the summits of summer and winter.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: mark the middle of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: directly signify the summits of summer and winter.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices (as well as the equinoxes)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The solstices

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer and winter.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the summits

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: mark the middle of the seasons in East Asian calendars.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The solstices

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The solstices

text: OLR is a critical component of the Earth's energy budget, and represents the total radiation going to space emitted by the atmosphere.   Earth's radiation balance is quite closely achieved since the OLR very nearly equals the Shortwave Absorbed Radiation received at high energy from the sun. Thus, the Earth's average temperature is very nearly stable. The OLR is affected by clouds and dust in the atmosphere, which tend to reduce it to below clear sky values.

text: OLR is a critical component of the

text: Earth's energy budget

text: , and represents the total radiation going to space emitted by the atmosphere.   Earth's radiation balance is quite closely achieved since the OLR very nearly equals the Shortwave Absorbed Radiation received at high energy from the sun. Thus, the Earth's average temperature is very nearly stable. The OLR is affected by clouds and dust in the atmosphere, which tend to reduce it to below clear sky values.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's radiation balance is quite closely achieved

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Earth's average temperature

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth's average temperature is very nearly stable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's average temperature is very nearly stable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's average temperature is very nearly stable

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: clouds and dust

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: OLR

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: OLR

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: the Earth's average temperature is very nearly stable.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Shortwave Absorbed Radiation

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Earth's average temperature is very nearly stable.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Earth's average temperature is very nearly stable.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: OLR

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: OLR

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: OLR is a critical component of the Earth's energy budget,

text: Not all regions and sites are suitable for earth-air heat exchangers. Conditions which may hinder or preclude proper implementation include shallow bedrock, high water table, and insufficient space, among others. In some areas, only cooling or heating may be afforded by earth-air heat exchangers. In these areas, provision for thermal recharge of the ground must especially be considered. In dual function systems (both heating and cooling), the warm season provides ground thermal recharge for the cool season and the cool season provides ground thermal recharge for the warm season, though overtaxing the thermal reservoir must be considered even with dual function systems.

text: Not all regions and sites are suitable for earth-air heat exchangers. Conditions which may hinder or preclude proper implementation include shallow bedrock, high water table, and insufficient space, among others. In some areas, only cooling or heating may be afforded by earth-air heat exchangers. In these areas, provision for thermal recharge of the ground must especially be considered. In dual function systems (both heating and cooling), the warm season provides ground thermal recharge for the cool season and the cool season provides ground thermal recharge for the warm season, though overtaxing the thermal reservoir must be considered even with dual function systems.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: ground thermal recharge

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the warm season

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cool season provides ground thermal recharge for the warm season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the warm season provides ground thermal recharge for the cool season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: warm season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the warm season provides ground thermal recharge for the cool season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: warm season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: cool season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: warm season provides ground thermal recharge for the cool season

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ground

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the warm season provides ground thermal recharge for the cool season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the warm season provides ground thermal recharge for the cool season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: warm season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Not all regions and sites are suitable for earth-air heat exchangers.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: warm season provides ground thermal recharge for the cool season

text: 1980 CFL season | 1981 CFL season | 1982 CFL season | 1983 CFL season | 1984 CFL season | 1985 CFL season | 1986 CFL season | 1987 CFL season | 1988 CFL season | 1989 CFL season

text: 1980 CFL season

text: 1981 CFL season

text: 1982 CFL season

text: 1983 CFL season

text: 1984 CFL season

text: 1985 CFL season

text: 1986 CFL season

text: 1987 CFL season

text: 1988 CFL season

text: 1989 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cfl is a football league

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: During the winter, we experience longer days.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It does not.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1988 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1988

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 1980 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 1985

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1980 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1980 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 1980 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1980 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 1983 CFL season | 1984

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1985

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1980 CFL season

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1980 CFL season

text: Rigley was born in Eastwood, Nottinghamshire, the son of John Rigley and his wife Ann. His father was a blacksmith and moved to Somercotes, Derbyshire. Rigley also became a blacksmith. He made his cricketing debut for Derbyshire in the 1873 season against Lancashire when he achieved his best bowling performance of 2 wickets for 10 runs. He played a non-first-class match against Nottinghamshire. In the 1874 season he only played non-first class matches for Derbyshire against Nottinghamshire, Yorkshire and United South of England. He also played for Colts of England against MCC. He began playing regularly for Derbyshire in the 1875 season playing four games in that year and four in the 1876 season when he achieved the top batting average of 22.4. In the 1877 season he played all nine first class matches for the club. In the 1878 season he played all twelve first class matches for the club and one other and made his top score of 69 against Lancashire. Rigley also played two first class matches for Players against the Australians in a promotional tour of England during 1878 and another miscellaneous match against the Australians for Hull He played a lacklustre season in all matches for Derbyshire in the 1879 season but played several other games including two for London Counties and one for United North of England in 1879. In the 1880 season his form recovered and he made 65 against Sussex. He also played in an extra scratch Derbyshire team against the Australians again in 1880 and played for Players of the North in a first class match. He played a full season in the 1881 season and in his final 1882 season played four matches. Rigley was a right-handed batsman who played 108 innings in 58 first-class matches for Derbyshire with a top score of 69 and an average of 12.24. For Derbyshire he took 3 wickets with an average of 10.00 and a best performance of 2–10

text: Rigley was born in

text: Eastwood, Nottinghamshire

text: , the son of John Rigley and his wife Ann. His father was a blacksmith and moved to

text: Somercotes

text: , Derbyshire. Rigley also became a blacksmith. He made his cricketing debut for

text: Derbyshire in the 1873 season

text: against

text: Lancashire

text: when he achieved his best bowling performance of 2 wickets for 10 runs. He played a non-first-class match against Nottinghamshire. In the

text: 1874 season

text: he only played non-first class matches for Derbyshire against Nottinghamshire, Yorkshire and United South of England. He also played for Colts of England against MCC. He began playing regularly for Derbyshire in the

text: 1875 season

text: playing four games in that year and four in the

text: 1876 season

text: when he achieved the top batting average of 22.4. In the

text: 1877 season

text: he played all nine first class matches for the club. In the

text: 1878 season

text: he played all twelve first class matches for the club and one other and made his top score of 69 against Lancashire. Rigley also played two first class matches for Players against the Australians in a promotional tour of England during 1878 and another miscellaneous match against the Australians for Hull He played a lacklustre season in all matches for Derbyshire in the

text: 1879 season

text: but played several other games including two for London Counties and one for United North of England in 1879. In the

text: 1880 season

text: his form recovered and he made 65 against

text: Sussex

text: . He also played in an extra scratch Derbyshire team against the Australians again in 1880 and played for Players of the North in a first class match. He played a full season in the

text: 1881 season

text: and in his final

text: 1882 season

text: played four matches. Rigley was a right-handed batsman who played 108 innings in 58 first-class matches for Derbyshire with a top score of 69 and an average of 12.24. For Derbyshire he took 3 wickets with an average of 10.00 and a best performance of 2–10

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He began playing regularly for Derbyshire in the 1875 season playing four games in that year and four in the 1876 season

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern part

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in 1878

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in 1879

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: he achieved the top batting average of 22.4.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 69

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1879

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Eastwood, Nottinghamshire,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 22.4.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1881

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: He played a full season in the 18

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1879

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 69

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1879

text: In the period May–July (summer in the Northern Hemisphere, winter in the Southern Hemisphere), Orion is in the daytime sky and thus not visible at most latitudes.  However, for much of Antarctica in the Southern Hemisphere's winter months, the Sun is below the horizon even at midday.  Stars (and thus Orion) are then visible at twilight for a few hours around local noon, low in the North.  At the same time of day at the South Pole itself (Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station), Rigel is only 8° above the horizon, and the Belt sweeps just along it.  In the Southern Hemisphere's summer months, when Orion is normally visible in the night sky, the constellation is actually not visible in Antarctica because the sun does not set at that time of year south of the Antarctic Circle.

text: In the period May–July (summer in the Northern Hemisphere, winter in the Southern Hemisphere), Orion is in the daytime sky and thus not visible at most latitudes.  However, for much of

text: Antarctica

text: in the Southern Hemisphere's winter months, the Sun is below the

text: horizon

text: even at midday.  Stars (and thus Orion) are then visible at twilight for a few hours around local noon, low in the North.  At the same time of day at the South Pole itself (

text: Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station

text: ), Rigel is only 8° above the horizon, and the Belt sweeps just along it.  In the Southern Hemisphere's summer months, when Orion is normally visible in the night sky, the constellation is actually not visible in Antarctica because the sun does not set at that time of year south of the Antarctic Circle.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun is below the horizon even at midday

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Sun is below the horizon even at midday

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the sun does not set at that time of year south of the Antarctic Circle.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Rigel

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: At the same time of day at the South Pole

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Sun is below the horizon even at midday.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the sun does not set at that time of year south of the Antarctic Circle.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: at the South Pole

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Orion

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: May–July

text: In the ninth blessing of the weekday Amidah, the words "dew and rain" are inserted during the winter season in the Land of Israel. This season is defined as beginning on the 60th day after the autumnal equinox (usually 4 December) and ending on Passover. In the Land of Israel, however, the season begins on the 7th of Cheshvan. The Sephardi and Yemenite Jewish rituals, as opposed to just adding the words "dew and rain" during the winter, have two distinct versions of the ninth blessing. During the dry season, the blessing has this form:

text: In the ninth blessing of the weekday Amidah, the words "

text: dew

text: and rain" are inserted during the winter season in the Land of Israel. This season is defined as beginning on the 60th day after the autumnal equinox (usually 4 December) and ending on Passover. In the Land of Israel, however, the season begins on the 7th of

text: Cheshvan

text: . The

text: Sephardi

text: and

text: Yemenite Jew

text: ish rituals, as opposed to just adding the words "dew and rain" during the winter, have two distinct versions of the ninth blessing. During the dry season, the blessing has this form:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: beginning on the 60th day after the autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 7th of Cheshvan

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 4 December

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earths axis of rotation is pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from Polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: beginning on the 60th day after the autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter season in the Land of Israel.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Land of Israel.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: winter season in the Land of Israel.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 4 December) and ending on Passover.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 4 December)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: In the ninth blessing of the weekday Amidah,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 4 December) and ending on Passover.

text: Where a seasonal lag of half a season or more is common, reckoning based on astronomical markers is shifted half a season. By this method, in North America, summer is the period from the summer solstice (usually 20 or 21 June in the Northern Hemisphere) to the autumn equinox.

text: Where a

text: seasonal lag

text: of half a season or more is common, reckoning based on astronomical markers is shifted half a season. By this method, in North America, summer is the period from the

text: summer solstice

text: (usually 20 or 21 June in the Northern Hemisphere) to the

text: autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical markers

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 20 or 21 June

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical markers

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: North America,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: autumn equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: autumn equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: autumn equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: astronomical markers is shifted half a season.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn equinox.

text: As solar energy strikes the earth’s surface each morning, a shallow  layer of air directly above the ground is heated by conduction. Heat exchange between this shallow layer of warm air and the cooler air above is very inefficient. On a warm summer’s day, for example, air temperatures may vary by  from just above the ground to waist height. Incoming solar radiation exceeds outgoing heat energy for many hours after noon and equilibrium is usually reached from 3–5 p.m. but this may be affected by a variety of different things such as large bodies of water, soil type and cover, wind, cloud cover/water vapor, and moisture on the ground.

text: As solar energy strikes the earth’s surface each morning, a shallow  layer of air directly above the ground is heated by conduction. Heat exchange between this shallow layer of warm air and the cooler air above is very inefficient. On a warm summer’s day, for example, air temperatures may vary by  from just above the ground to waist height. Incoming solar radiation exceeds outgoing heat energy for many hours after noon and equilibrium is usually reached from 3–5 p.m. but this may be affected by a variety of different things such as large bodies of water, soil type and cover, wind, cloud cover/water vapor, and moisture on the ground.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar energy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth’s surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: air temperatures may vary by from just above the ground to waist

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: equilibrium is usually reached from 3–5

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equilibrium

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar energy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: warm summer’s

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: On a warm summer’s day,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: large bodies of water,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equilibrium is usually reached from 3–5 p.m.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a shallow layer of air directly above the ground is heated by conduction.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 3–5 p.m.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: a shallow layer of air directly above the ground is heated by conduction.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: As solar energy strikes the earth’s surface each morning,

text: This year was known as the 'Year Without a Summer' because of low temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere, the result of the Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in Indonesia in 1815. The sulfur from this eruption reflected the sun's rays and caused severe global cooling, catastrophic in some locations.

text: This year was known as the '

text: Year Without a Summer

text: ' because of low temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere, the result of the

text: Mount Tambora

text: volcanic

text: eruption in Indonesia in

text: . The

text: sulfur

text: from this eruption reflected the sun's rays and caused severe global cooling, catastrophic in some locations.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: low temperatures

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: year without a summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mount Tambora volcanic eruption

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 'Year Without a Summer'

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 'Year Without a Summer'

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in Indonesia

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: low temperatures

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: low temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer'

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in Indonesia in 1815.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Mount Tambora volcanic eruption in Indonesia in 1815.

text: At the Equator, the daytime period is always almost twelve hours in length, no matter what the season. The sun always rises nearly perpendicular to the horizon. From the March Equinox to the September Equinox, it rises a bit north of east, and sets a bit north of west. From the September Equinox to the March Equinox, it rises a bit south of east and sets a bit south of west. The path of the Sun lies entirely in the northern half of the sky for the period from the March Equinox to the September Equinox and is entirely in the southern half of the sky from the September Equinox to the March Equinox, with the Sun passing directly overhead at noon on the equinoxes.

text: At the Equator, the daytime period is always almost twelve hours in length, no matter what the season. The sun always rises nearly perpendicular to the horizon. From the

text: March Equinox

text: to the

text: September Equinox

text: , it rises a bit north of east, and sets a bit north of west. From the September Equinox to the March Equinox, it rises a bit south of east and sets a bit south of west. The path of the Sun lies entirely in the northern half of the sky for the period from the March Equinox to the September Equinox and is entirely in the southern half of the sky from the September Equinox to the March Equinox, with the Sun passing directly overhead at noon on the

text: equinox

text: es.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the sun always rises nearly perpendicular

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the southern half

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the daytime period is always almost twelve hours in length

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the sun always rises nearly perpendicular to the horizon

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The sun always rises nearly perpendicular to the horizon.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: March Equinox to the September Equinox,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the daytime period is always almost twelve hours in length,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: the Equator, the daytime period is always almost twelve hours in length,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equator,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Sun passing directly overhead at noon on the equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Sun passing directly overhead at noon

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The sun always rises nearly perpendicular to the horizon.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September Equinox,

text: Terry MacKinnell has developed an alternative approach to calibrating precession of the equinoxes to determine the Astrological Age. His major point of departure from the traditional modern approach is how he applies the vernal equinox to the zodiacal constellations. Instead of referring to the position of the Sun at the vernal equinox (a 'modern' mathematical technique developed by the Greeks in the late 1st millennium BC), he refers to the heliacal rising constellation on the day of the vernal equinox. This approach is based on the ancient approach to astronomical observations (the same ancient period that also saw the invention of the zodiacal constellations) prior to the development of mathematical astronomy by the ancient Greeks in the 1st millennium BC. All ancient astronomical observations were based on visual techniques. Of all the key techniques used in ancient times, the most common in Babylon (most likely the source of astrology) and most other ancient cultures were based on phenomena that occurred close to the eastern or western horizons. MacKinnell claims that it is incongruent to use a 'modern' mathematical approach to the much older constellations that were first described well before these mathematical approaches were invented.

text: Terry MacKinnell has developed an alternative approach to calibrating precession of the equinoxes to determine the Astrological Age. His major point of departure from the traditional modern approach is how he applies the vernal equinox to the zodiacal constellations. Instead of referring to the position of the Sun at the vernal equinox (a 'modern' mathematical technique developed by the Greeks in the late 1st millennium BC), he refers to the

text: heliacal rising

text: constellation on the day of the vernal equinox. This approach is based on the ancient approach to astronomical observations (the same ancient period that also saw the invention of the zodiacal constellations) prior to the development of mathematical astronomy by the ancient Greeks in the 1st millennium BC. All ancient astronomical observations were based on visual techniques. Of all the key techniques used in ancient times, the most common in Babylon (most likely the source of astrology) and most other ancient cultures were based on phenomena that occurred close to the eastern or western horizons. MacKinnell claims that it is incongruent to use a 'modern' mathematical approach to the much older constellations that were first described well before these mathematical approaches were invented.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: All ancient astronomical observations were based on visual techniques

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: western horizons

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: instead of referring to the position of the Sun at the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: phenomena that occurred close to the eastern or western horizons.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: precession

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: eastern or western horizons.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: eastern or western horizons.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: heliacal rising constellation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: he refers to the heliacal rising constellation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: heliacal rising constellation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: heliacal rising constellation

text: Exchange students are called "outbounds" by their home (sponsor) Rotary club and district, and simultaneously "inbounds" by their host Rotary club and district in the country they spend their year in. Students who have completed their exchanges are called "rebounds" or "Rotex". But the term "Rotex" usually refers to former outbounds who participate in the organization Rotex for helping exchangers.  There is also the rare "yo-yo" - a student who has been on two exchanges. Other slang includes the terms "newbies" and "oldies".  Due to the arrival of many of the southern hemisphere students in January and the northern hemisphere students in August, there is a group of students that are half a year behind or ahead of that current generation.  A student from an older generation is an oldie and students from newer generation are newbies.  This half year delay can be helpful in mentoring the newer students into an exchange student's lifestyle.  Another slang word that is used is "dinosaur", which can refers to one's oldie's oldie. Other terms include "Northie" and "Southie", referring to student from either a northern or southern (respectively) hemisphere country, which affects the time period that an exchanger will spend in their host country. A Southie will usually depart either January or February, staying in their host country until the beginning of the next year, while a Northie usually leaves in August or September and stays until the following June or July. This is usually dependent on the students' home country. A student from the United States will almost always leave in August or September and will stay until June or July. This can result in back-to-back summers, if a student travels to the southern hemisphere.

text: Exchange students are called "outbounds" by their home (sponsor) Rotary club and district, and simultaneously "inbounds" by their host Rotary club and district in the country they spend their year in. Students who have completed their exchanges are called "rebounds" or "

text: Rotex

text: ". But the term "

text: Rotex

text: " usually refers to former outbounds who participate in the organization

text: Rotex

text: for helping exchangers.  There is also the rare "yo-yo" - a student who has been on two exchanges. Other slang includes the terms "newbies" and "oldies".  Due to the arrival of many of the southern hemisphere students in January and the northern hemisphere students in August, there is a group of students that are half a year behind or ahead of that current generation.  A student from an older generation is an oldie and students from newer generation are newbies.  This half year delay can be helpful in mentoring the newer students into an exchange student's lifestyle.  Another slang word that is used is "dinosaur", which can refers to one's oldie's oldie. Other terms include "Northie" and "Southie", referring to student from either a northern or southern (respectively) hemisphere country, which affects the time period that an exchanger will spend in their host country. A Southie will usually depart either January or February, staying in their host country until the beginning of the next year, while a Northie usually leaves in August or September and stays until the following June or July. This is usually dependent on the students' home country. A student from the United States will almost always leave in August or September and will stay until June or July. This can result in back-to-back summers, if a student travels to the southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: due to the arrival of many of the southern hemisphere students in January and the northern hemisphere students in August

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summers

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: A Southie will usually depart either January or February,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summers

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: dependent on the students' home country.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summers,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "Northie" and "Southie",

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Southie will usually depart either January or February,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: back-to-back summers,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summers,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "Northie" and "Southie",

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: August,

text: th Olympiad begins in (Northern-Hemisphere) mid-summer  .

text: th Olympiad begins in (Northern-Hemisphere) mid-summer  .

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: will the olympics begin?

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: mid-summer.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: mid-summer.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: mid-summer.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (Northern-Hemisphere) mid-summer.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: (Northern-Hemisphere)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: mid-summer.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: mid-summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: mid-summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: (Northern-Hemisphere) mid-summer.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: mid-summer.

text: Hoopoes are monogamous, although the pair bond apparently only lasts for a single season, and territorial. The male calls frequently to advertise his ownership of the territory. Chases and fights between rival males (and sometimes females) are common and can be brutal.  Birds will try to stab rivals with their bills, and individuals are occasionally blinded in fights. The nest is in a hole in a tree or wall, and has a narrow entrance. It may be unlined, or various scraps may be collected. The female alone is responsible for incubating the eggs. Clutch size varies with location: Northern Hemisphere birds lay more eggs than those in the Southern Hemisphere, and birds at higher latitudes have larger clutches than those closer to the equator. In central and northern Europe and Asia the clutch size is around 12, whereas it is around four in the tropics and seven in the subtropics. The eggs are round and milky blue when laid, but quickly discolour in the increasingly dirty nest. They weigh 4.5 grams. A replacement clutch is possible.

text: Hoopoes are

text: monogamous

text: , although the pair bond apparently only lasts for a single season, and

text: territorial

text: . The male calls frequently to advertise his ownership of the territory. Chases and fights between rival males (and sometimes females) are common and can be brutal.  Birds will try to stab rivals with their bills, and individuals are occasionally blinded in fights. The nest is in a hole in a tree or wall, and has a narrow entrance. It may be unlined, or various scraps may be collected. The female alone is responsible for

text: incubating

text: the eggs.

text: Clutch size

text: varies with location: Northern Hemisphere birds lay more eggs than those in the Southern Hemisphere, and birds at higher latitudes have larger clutches than those closer to the equator. In central and northern Europe and Asia the clutch size is around 12, whereas it is around four in the tropics and seven in the subtropics. The eggs are round and milky blue when laid, but quickly discolour in the increasingly dirty nest. They weigh 4.5 grams. A replacement clutch is possible.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: birds at higher latitudes have larger clutches than those closer to the equator

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in central and northern Europe and Asia

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: territorial. The male calls frequently to advertise his ownership of the territory.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equator.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Hoopoes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: central and northern Europe and Asia the clutch size is around 12,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Hoopoes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: birds at higher latitudes have larger clutches

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: season,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 12,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Hoopoes

text: Ionization depends primarily on the Sun and its activity. The amount of ionization in the ionosphere varies greatly with the amount of radiation received from the Sun. Thus there is a diurnal (time of day) effect and a seasonal effect. The local winter hemisphere is tipped away from the Sun, thus there is less received solar radiation. The activity of the Sun is associated with the sunspot cycle, with more radiation occurring with more sunspots. Radiation received also varies with geographical location (polar, auroral zones, mid-latitudes, and equatorial regions). There are also mechanisms that disturb the ionosphere and decrease the ionization. There are disturbances such as solar flares and the associated release of charged particles into the solar wind which reaches the Earth and interacts with its geomagnetic field.

text: Ionization depends primarily on the

text: Sun

text: and its

text: activity

text: . The amount of ionization in the ionosphere varies greatly with the amount of radiation received from the Sun. Thus there is a

text: diurnal

text: (time of day) effect and a seasonal effect. The local winter

text: hemisphere

text: is tipped away from the Sun, thus there is less received solar radiation. The activity of the Sun is associated with the

text: sunspot cycle

text: , with more radiation occurring with more sunspots. Radiation received also varies with geographical location (polar,

text: auroral

text: zones,

text: mid-latitudes

text: , and equatorial regions). There are also mechanisms that disturb the ionosphere and decrease the ionization. There are disturbances such as

text: solar flare

text: s and the associated release of charged particles into the

text: solar wind

text: which reaches the Earth and interacts with its

text: geomagnetic

text: field.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The local winter hemisphere is tipped away from the Sun, thus there is less received solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: auroral zones

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: less received solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: time of day effect and a seasonal effect

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: diurnal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The local winter hemisphere is tipped away from the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: auroral zones,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: winter hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equatorial regions).

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The local winter hemisphere is tipped away from the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Radiation received also varies with geographical location

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: diurnal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The local winter hemisphere is tipped away from the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter hemisphere

text: According to general relativity, gravitational radiation is generated in situations where the curvature of spacetime is oscillating, such as is the case with co-orbiting objects. The gravitational radiation emitted by the Solar System is far too small to measure. However, gravitational radiation has been indirectly observed as an energy loss over time in binary pulsar systems such as PSR B1913+16. It is believed that neutron star mergers and black hole formation may create detectable amounts of gravitational radiation. Gravitational radiation observatories such as the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) have been created to study the problem. In February 2016, the Advanced LIGO team announced that they had detected gravitational waves from a black hole collision. On September 14, 2015 LIGO registered gravitational waves for the first time, as a result of the collision of two black holes 1.3 billion light-years from Earth.<ref name='Clark 2016'></ref> This observation confirms the theoretical predictions of Einstein and others that such waves exist. The event confirms that binary black holes exist. It also opens the way for practical observation and understanding of the nature of gravity and events in the Universe including the Big Bang and what happened after it.

text: According to general relativity, gravitational radiation is generated in situations where the curvature of

text: spacetime

text: is oscillating, such as is the case with co-orbiting objects. The gravitational radiation emitted by the

text: Solar System

text: is far too small to measure. However, gravitational radiation has been indirectly observed as an energy loss over time in binary pulsar systems such as

text: PSR B1913+16

text: . It is believed that

text: neutron star

text: mergers and

text: black hole

text: formation may create detectable amounts of gravitational radiation. Gravitational radiation observatories such as the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (

text: LIGO

text: ) have been created to study the problem. In February 2016, the Advanced LIGO team announced that they had detected gravitational waves from a black hole collision. On September 14, 2015 LIGO registered gravitational waves for the first time, as a result of the collision of two black holes 1.3 billion light-years from Earth.<ref name='Clark 2016'></ref> This observation confirms the theoretical predictions of Einstein and others that such waves exist. The event confirms that

text: binary black hole

text: s exist. It also opens the way for practical observation and understanding of the nature of gravity and events in the Universe including the Big Bang and what happened after it.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: gravitational radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: gravitational radiation

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: February 2016

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Big Bang and what happened after it

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: time of day

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: co-orbiting objects.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: gravitational radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: According to general relativity,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: PSR B1913+16.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: co-orbiting objects. The gravitational radiation

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2016,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: According to general relativity,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: relativity,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: According to general relativity,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: According to general relativity,

text: Climate in general is an extremely complex system, dealing with temperature and weather conditions over an extended period of time. There are many things which influence Earth's climate. Among these many things, are various solar effects. Earth’s climate is affected by a number of factors dealing with the Earth as a whole, in relation to its position in the space relative to the sun. These factors include the angle of Earth’s axial tilt (also known as Earth’s obliquity), the eccentricity of Earth’s orbit (how circular/elliptical Earth’s orbit is), and Earth’s position in time in the precession of the solstices and equinoxes (with different Earth-Sun distances during any given season).

text: Climate

text: in general is an extremely complex system, dealing with temperature and weather conditions over an extended period of time. There are many things which influence Earth's climate. Among these many things, are various solar effects. Earth’s climate is affected by a number of factors dealing with the Earth as a whole, in relation to its position in the space relative to the sun. These factors include the angle of Earth’s

text: axial tilt

text: (also known as Earth’s obliquity), the eccentricity of

text: Earth’s orbit

text: (how circular/elliptical Earth’s orbit is), and Earth’s position in time in the precession of the

text: solstice

text: s and

text: equinox

text: es (with different Earth-Sun distances during any given season).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth’s position in time

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth’s axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: different Earth-Sun distances

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-Sun distances during any given season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: different Earth-Sun distances

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: different Earth-Sun distances during any given season).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: different Earth-Sun distances during any given season).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: different Earth-Sun distances

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: different Earth-Sun distances during any given season).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: precession of the solstices and equinoxes

text: By the middle of the third century AD computists of some churches, among which were the Church of Rome and the one of Alexandria, had begun to calculate their own periodic sequences of dates of paschal full moon, to be able to determine their own dates of Easter Sunday.   The motivation for these experiments was a dissatisfaction with the Jewish calendars that Christians had hitherto relied on to fix the date of Easter.  These Jewish calendars, according to their Christian critics, sometimes placed Nisan 14, the paschal full moon and the day of preparation for the Jewish Passover, before the spring equinox (see Easter). The Christians who began the experiments with independent computations held that the paschal full moon should never precede the equinox.

text: By the middle of the third century AD computists of some churches, among which were the

text: Church of Rome

text: and the

text: one of Alexandria

text: , had begun to calculate their own periodic sequences of dates of paschal full moon, to be able to determine their own dates of

text: Easter Sunday

text: .   The motivation for these experiments was a dissatisfaction with the Jewish calendars that Christians had hitherto relied on to fix the date of Easter.  These Jewish calendars, according to their Christian critics, sometimes placed Nisan 14, the paschal full moon and the day of preparation for the Jewish Passover, before the spring equinox (see

text: Easter

text: ). The Christians who began the experiments with independent computations held that the paschal full moon should never precede the equinox.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to be able to determine their own dates

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Nisan 14

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the paschal full moon should never precede the equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: dissatisfaction with the Jewish calendars

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Nisan 14,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the paschal full moon should never precede the equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring equinox

text: This day usually marks the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere, which is the day of the year with the most hours of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere and the fewest hours of daylight in the Southern Hemisphere.

text: This day usually marks the

text: summer solstice

text: in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: and the

text: winter solstice

text: in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , which is the day of the year with the most hours of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere and the fewest hours of daylight in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the day of the year with the most hours of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: most hours of daylight

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the fewest hours of daylight in the Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the day of the year with the most hours of daylight

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer solstice

text: In contrast to Orion, it is in the period November–January (summer in the Southern Hemisphere, winter in the Northern Hemisphere) when Ophiuchus is in the daytime sky and thus not visible at most latitudes. However, for much of the Arctic Circle in the Northern Hemisphere's winter months, the Sun is below the horizon even at midday. Stars (and thus parts of Ophiuchus, especially Rasalhague) are then visible at twilight for a few hours around local noon, low in the South. In the Northern Hemisphere's spring and summer months, when Ophiuchus is normally visible in the night sky, the constellation is actually not visible, at those times and places in the Arctic when midnight sun obscures the stars. In countries close to the equator Ophiuchus appears overhead in June around midnight and in the October evening sky.

text: In contrast to Orion, it is in the period November–January (summer in the Southern Hemisphere, winter in the Northern Hemisphere) when Ophiuchus is in the daytime sky and thus not visible at most latitudes. However, for much of the Arctic Circle in the Northern Hemisphere's winter months, the Sun is below the horizon even at midday. Stars (and thus parts of Ophiuchus, especially Rasalhague) are then visible at twilight for a few hours around local noon, low in the South. In the Northern Hemisphere's spring and summer months, when Ophiuchus is normally visible in the night sky, the constellation is actually not visible, at those times and places in the Arctic when

text: midnight sun

text: obscures the stars. In countries close to the equator Ophiuchus appears overhead in June around midnight and in the October evening sky.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Sun is below the horizon even at midday

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in June around midnight and in the October evening sky.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: midnight sun

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Sun is below the horizon even at midday.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Arctic Circle

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: (summer in the Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Arctic Circle

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Sun is below the horizon even at midday.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: In countries close to the equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: noon,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: November–January

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November–January

text: Vega is one of the most-studied of all stars, and has been called "arguably the next most important star in the sky after the Sun". Vega was the first star other than the Sun to be photographed, as well as the first to have a clear spectrum recorded, showing absorption lines for the first time. The star was the first single main-sequence star other than the Sun to be known to emit X-rays, and is surrounded by a circumstellar debris disk, similar to the Kuiper Belt. Vega forms one corner of the famous Summer Triangle asterism; along with Altair and Deneb, these three stars form a prominent triangle during the northern hemisphere summer.

text: Vega is one of the most-studied of all stars, and has been called "arguably the next most important star in the sky after the

text: Sun

text: ". Vega was the first star other than the Sun to be

text: photographed

text: , as well as the first to have a clear

text: spectrum

text: recorded, showing

text: absorption line

text: s for the first time. The star was the first single main-sequence star other than the Sun to be known to emit

text: X-ray

text: s, and is surrounded by a circumstellar

text: debris disk

text: , similar to the

text: Kuiper Belt

text: . Vega forms one corner of the famous

text: Summer Triangle

text: asterism; along with

text: Altair

text: and

text: Deneb

text: , these three stars form a prominent triangle during the northern hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: surrounded by a circumstellar debris disk

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northern hemisphere summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer Triangle asterism;

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Summer Triangle

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: northern hemisphere summer.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Summer Triangle asterism;

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer.

text: The best time of the year to visit the Arctic region is in and around the summer of the northern hemisphere April - September and the best time to visit the Antarctic region is in the summer of the southern hemisphere October - March.

text: The best time of the year to visit the Arctic region is in and around the summer of the northern hemisphere April - September and the best time to visit the Antarctic region is in the summer of the southern hemisphere October - March.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October - March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is in the summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: summer of the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: April - September

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Arctic

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October - March.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: October - March.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer of the northern hemisphere April - September

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: April - September

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: October - March.

text: Nights are shorter than days on average due to two factors. Firstly, the sun is not a point, but has an apparent size of about 32 arc minutes. Secondly, the atmosphere refracts sunlight so that some of it reaches the ground when the sun is below the horizon by about 34 arc minutes. The combination of these two factors means that light reaches the ground when the center of the sun is below the horizon by about 50 arc minutes. Without these effects, day and night would be the same length at the autumnal (autumn/fall) and vernal (spring) equinoxes, the moments when the sun passes over the equator. In reality, around the equinoxes the day is almost 14 minutes longer than the night at the equator, and even more towards the poles. The summer and winter solstices mark the shortest and the longest night, respectively. The closer a location is to either the North Pole or the South Pole, the larger the range of variation in the night's length. Although equinoxes occur with a day and night close to equal length, before and after an equinox the ratio of night to day changes more rapidly in high latitude locations than in low latitude locations. In the Northern Hemisphere, Denmark has shorter nights in June than India. In the Southern Hemisphere, Antarctica has longer nights in June than Chile. The Northern and Southern Hemispheres of the world experience the same patterns of night length at the same latitudes, but the cycles are 6 months apart so that one hemisphere experiences long nights (winter) while the other is experiencing short nights (summer).

text: Nights are shorter than days on average due to two factors. Firstly, the sun is not a point, but has an apparent size of about 32

text: arc minute

text: s. Secondly, the atmosphere

text: refracts

text: sunlight so that some of it reaches the ground when the sun is below the horizon by about 34 arc minutes. The combination of these two factors means that light reaches the ground when the center of the sun is below the horizon by about 50 arc minutes. Without these effects, day and night would be the same length at the

text: autumnal

text: (autumn/fall) and

text: vernal

text: (spring)

text: equinox

text: es, the moments when the sun passes over the

text: equator

text: . In reality, around the equinoxes the day is almost 14 minutes longer than the night at the equator, and even more towards the

text: pole

text: s. The summer and winter

text: solstice

text: s mark the shortest and the longest night, respectively. The closer a location is to either the

text: North Pole

text: or the

text: South Pole

text: , the larger the range of variation in the night's length. Although equinoxes occur with a day and night close to equal length, before and after an equinox the ratio of night to day changes more rapidly in

text: high latitude

text: locations than in

text: low latitude

text: locations. In the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: Denmark

text: has shorter nights in June than

text: India

text: . In the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: Antarctica

text: has longer nights in June than

text: Chile

text: . The Northern and Southern Hemispheres of the world experience the same patterns of night length at the same latitudes, but the cycles are 6 months apart so that one hemisphere experiences long nights (winter) while the other is experiencing short nights (summer).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the sun is not a point

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstices

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Antarctica

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the shortest night

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the day is almost 14 minutes longer than the night at the equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the cycles are 6 months apart

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: short nights (summer).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: low latitude locations.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: long nights

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the ratio of night to day changes more rapidly in high latitude locations

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: high latitude locations

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: (spring)

text: Planets also have varying degrees of axial tilt; they lie at an angle to the plane of their stars' equators. This causes the amount of light received by each hemisphere to vary over the course of its year; when the northern hemisphere points away from its star, the southern hemisphere points towards it, and vice versa. Each planet therefore has seasons, changes to the climate over the course of its year. The time at which each hemisphere points farthest or nearest from its star is known as its solstice. Each planet has two in the course of its orbit; when one hemisphere has its summer solstice, when its day is longest, the other has its winter solstice, when its day is shortest. The varying amount of light and heat received by each hemisphere creates annual changes in weather patterns for each half of the planet. Jupiter's axial tilt is very small, so its seasonal variation is minimal; Uranus, on the other hand, has an axial tilt so extreme it is virtually on its side, which means that its hemispheres are either perpetually in sunlight or perpetually in darkness around the time of its solstices. Among extrasolar planets, axial tilts are not known for certain, though most hot Jupiters are believed to have negligible to no axial tilt as a result of their proximity to their stars.

text: Planets also have varying degrees of axial tilt; they lie at an angle to the

text: plane

text: of their

text: stars' equators

text: . This causes the amount of light received by each hemisphere to vary over the course of its year; when the northern hemisphere points away from its star, the southern hemisphere points towards it, and vice versa. Each planet therefore has seasons, changes to the climate over the course of its year. The time at which each hemisphere points farthest or nearest from its star is known as its

text: solstice

text: . Each planet has two in the course of its orbit; when one hemisphere has its summer solstice, when its day is longest, the other has its winter solstice, when its day is shortest. The varying amount of light and heat received by each hemisphere creates annual changes in weather patterns for each half of the planet. Jupiter's axial tilt is very small, so its seasonal variation is minimal; Uranus, on the other hand, has an axial tilt so extreme it is virtually on its side, which means that its hemispheres are either perpetually in sunlight or perpetually in darkness around the time of its solstices. Among extrasolar planets, axial tilts are not known for certain, though most hot Jupiters are believed to have negligible to no axial tilt as a result of their proximity to their stars.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: planets also have varying degrees of axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: when its day is shortest

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: time at which each hemisphere points farthest or nearest from its star

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes to the climate over the course of its year.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstice.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter solstice,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Uranus,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: its day is shortest.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: they lie at an angle

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solstice.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: when the northern hemisphere points away from its star,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: solstice.

text: In season 3, Atlantis is briefly reclaimed by a group of surviving Ancients in . The city then falls to the Asurans (better known as the replicators), and is finally retaken by Earth forces. The Atlantis Expedition recovers three ZPMs from the Asurans' occupation, two of which are taken to bolster Earth's other defenses. At the end of season 3, Atlantis comes under attack by an Asuran satellite weapon. McKay and his team figures out a way to activate the city's stardrive and escape, but the city runs low on power well short of its destination. In the second episode of season 4, , the Atlantis team steals a ZPM from the Asuran homeworld to power the rest of their journey, and Atlantis touches down on a new world, M35-117. With Dr. Weir captured by the Asurans, Colonel Samantha Carter is appointed as the new Atlantis commander. At the beginning of season 5, Carter is recalled to Earth and the IOA appoints Richard Woolsey as the new leader of Atlantis. In the Atlantis series finale , Atlantis returns to Earth via a highly dangerous and experimental wormhole drive to defend it against a ZPM-powered Wraith hive ship. The city is thrown into a decaying orbit by weapons fire and lands in the Pacific Ocean near San Francisco. It is not currently known if Atlantis will remain on Earth due to the destruction of Earth's Ancient Control Chair in the Wraith attack, or if will return to the Pegasus galaxy via the Wormhole Drive or the Star Drive.

text: In season 3, Atlantis is briefly reclaimed by a group of surviving Ancients in . The city then falls to the

text: Asurans

text: (better known as the replicators), and is finally retaken by Earth forces. The Atlantis Expedition recovers three ZPMs from the Asurans' occupation, two of which are taken to bolster Earth's other defenses. At the end of season 3, Atlantis comes under attack by an Asuran satellite weapon. McKay and his team figures out a way to activate the city's stardrive and escape, but the city runs low on power well short of its destination. In the second episode of season 4, , the Atlantis team steals a ZPM from the Asuran homeworld to power the rest of their journey, and Atlantis touches down on a new world, M35-117. With Dr. Weir captured by the Asurans, Colonel

text: Samantha Carter

text: is appointed as the new Atlantis commander. At the beginning of season 5, Carter is recalled to Earth and the

text: IOA

text: appoints

text: Richard Woolsey

text: as the new leader of Atlantis. In the Atlantis series finale , Atlantis returns to Earth via a highly dangerous and experimental

text: wormhole

text: drive to defend it against a ZPM-powered Wraith hive ship. The city is thrown into a decaying orbit by weapons fire and lands in the Pacific Ocean near San Francisco. It is not currently known if Atlantis will remain on Earth due to the destruction of Earth's Ancient Control Chair in the Wraith attack, or if will return to the Pegasus galaxy via the Wormhole Drive or the Star Drive.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Carter is recalled to Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: San Francisco

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Atlantis touches down on a new world, M35-117

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Atlantis touches down on a new world, M35-117

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: y as the new leader of Atlantis.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Star Drive.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: wormhole drive

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: San Francisco.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: San Francisco.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: ey

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Richard Woolsey

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: wormhole drive

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Carter is recalled to Earth

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Pe

text: The cycle of seasons in the polar and temperate zones of one hemisphere is opposite to that in the other. When it is summer in the northern hemisphere, it is winter in the southern hemisphere, and vice versa.

text: The cycle of seasons in the polar and temperate zones of one hemisphere is opposite to that in the other. When it is summer in the northern hemisphere, it is winter in the southern hemisphere, and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: it is summer in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is summer in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The cycle of seasons in the polar and temperate zones

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: When it is summer in the northern hemisphere, it is winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: temperate

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter in the southern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: When it is summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer

text: The line demarcating the Eastern and Western Hemispheres is an arbitrary convention, unlike the Equator (an imaginary line encircling the earth, equidistant from its poles) which divides the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The prime meridian at 0° longitude and the antimeridian, at 180° longitude are the conventionally accepted boundaries, since they divide eastern longitudes from western longitudes. This convention was established in 1884 at the International Meridian Conference held in Washington, D.C. where the standard time concepts of Canadian railroad engineer Sir Sandford Fleming were adopted. Using this demarcation puts portions of Western Europe, Africa and eastern Russia in the Western Hemisphere, thereby diluting its usefulness as a geopolitical construct, since all of Eurasia and Africa are typically included in the Eastern Hemisphere. Consequently, the meridians of 20°W and the diametrically opposed 160°E are often used, which includes all of the European and African mainlands, but also includes a small portion of northeast Greenland (typically reckoned as part of North America) and excludes more of eastern Russia and Oceania (e.g., New Zealand). Prior to the global adoption of standard time, numerous prime meridians were decreed by various countries where time was defined by local noon (thereby, local meridian).

text: The line demarcating the Eastern and Western Hemispheres is an arbitrary convention, unlike the

text: Equator

text: (an imaginary line encircling the earth, equidistant from its

text: poles

text: ) which divides the

text: Northern

text: and

text: Southern

text: Hemispheres. The

text: prime meridian

text: at 0°

text: longitude

text: and the

text: antimeridian

text: , at 180° longitude are the conventionally accepted boundaries, since they divide eastern longitudes from western longitudes. This convention was established in 1884 at the

text: International Meridian Conference

text: held in

text: Washington, D.C.

text: where the

text: standard time

text: concepts of Canadian railroad engineer Sir

text: Sandford Fleming

text: were adopted. Using this demarcation puts portions of

text: Western Europe

text: , Africa and eastern

text: Russia

text: in the Western Hemisphere, thereby diluting its usefulness as a geopolitical construct, since all of

text: Eurasia

text: and Africa are typically included in the Eastern Hemisphere. Consequently, the meridians of

text: and the diametrically opposed

text: are often used, which includes all of the European and African mainlands, but also includes a small portion of northeast

text: Greenland

text: (typically reckoned as part of

text: North America

text: ) and excludes more of eastern Russia and

text: Oceania

text: (e.g.,

text: New Zealand

text: ). Prior to the global adoption of standard time, numerous

text: prime meridian

text: s were decreed by various countries where time was defined by local noon (thereby, local meridian).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: line demarcating the Eastern and Western Hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: time was defined by local noon

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: imaginary line encircling the earth, equidistant from its poles

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: antimeridian

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: arbitrary convention,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: antimeridian,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: time was defined by local noon

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: equidistant from its poles)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: noon

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: equidistant from its poles)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The line demarcating the Eastern and Western Hemispheres

text: An aurora is most likely to occur during periods of high solar activity when there is a high probability of a large solar flare. When such an eruption occurs, charged particles from the flare may spiral towards earth arriving about a day later. This may or may not cause an aurora: if the interstellar magnetic field has same polarity, the particles do not get coupled to the geomagnetic field efficiently. Besides sunspot-related active solar surface areas, other solar phenomena that produce particles causing auroras, such as re-occurring coronal holes spraying out intense solar wind. These charged particles are affected and captured by the geomagentic field and the various radiation belts surrounding earth. The aurora-producing relativistic electrons eventually precipitate towards earth's magnetic poles, resulting in an aurora which disrupts short-wave communications (SID) due to ionospheric/magnetic storms in the D, E, and F layers. Various visual effects are also seen in the sky towards the north – aptly called the Northern Lights. The same effect occurs in the Southern Hemisphere, but the visual effects are towards the south. The auroral event starts by onset of geomagnetic storm, followed by number of sub-storms over the next day or so.

text: An

text: aurora

text: is most likely to occur during periods of high solar activity when there is a high probability of a large

text: solar flare

text: . When such an eruption occurs, charged particles from the flare may spiral towards earth arriving about a day later. This may or may not cause an aurora: if the interstellar magnetic field has same polarity, the particles do not get coupled to the

text: geomagnetic field

text: efficiently. Besides sunspot-related active solar surface areas, other solar phenomena that produce particles causing auroras, such as re-occurring coronal holes spraying out intense

text: solar wind

text: . These charged particles are affected and captured by the geomagentic field and the various

text: radiation belts

text: surrounding earth. The aurora-producing relativistic electrons eventually precipitate towards earth's magnetic poles, resulting in an aurora which disrupts short-wave communications (SID) due to ionospheric/magnetic storms in the D, E, and F layers. Various visual effects are also seen in the sky towards the north – aptly called the

text: Northern Lights

text: . The same effect occurs in the Southern Hemisphere, but the visual effects are towards the south. The auroral event starts by onset of geomagnetic storm, followed by number of sub-storms over the next day or so.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Various visual effects are also seen in the sky towards the north

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Various visual effects are also seen in the sky towards the north

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: high solar activity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Northern Lights.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Northern Lights. The same effect occurs in the Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Lights.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Lights.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: day later.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Lights.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Northern Lights.

text: Regardless of the time of year, the northern and southern hemispheres always experience opposite seasons.  This is because during summer or winter, one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the Sun (see Fig. 1) than the other, and this exposure alternates as the Earth revolves in its orbit.  For approximately half of the year (from around March 20 to around September 22), the northern hemisphere tips toward the Sun, with the maximum amount occurring on about June 21. For the other half of the year, the same happens, but in the southern hemisphere instead of the northern, with the maximum around December 21. The two instants when the Sun is directly overhead at the Equator are the equinoxes. Also at that moment, both the North Pole and the South Pole of the Earth are just on the terminator, and hence day and night are equally divided between the northern and southern hemispheres.  Around the March equinox, the northern hemisphere will be experiencing spring as the hours of daylight increase, and the southern hemisphere is experiencing autumn as daylight hours shorten.

text: Regardless of the time of year, the

text: northern

text: and southern hemispheres always experience opposite seasons.  This is because during summer or winter, one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays of the Sun (see Fig. 1) than the other, and this exposure alternates as the Earth revolves in its orbit.  For approximately half of the year (from around March 20 to around September 22), the northern hemisphere tips toward the Sun, with the maximum amount occurring on about June 21. For the other half of the year, the same happens, but in the southern hemisphere instead of the northern, with the maximum around December 21. The two instants when the Sun is directly overhead at the Equator are the equinoxes. Also at that moment, both the

text: North Pole

text: and the

text: South Pole

text: of the Earth are just on the

text: terminator

text: , and hence day and night are equally divided between the northern and southern hemispheres.  Around the March equinox, the northern hemisphere will be experiencing spring as the hours of daylight increase, and the southern hemisphere is experiencing autumn as daylight hours shorten.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Earth revolves in its orbit

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the northern hemisphere tips toward the Sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: day and night are equally divided between the northern and southern hemispheres

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: one part of the planet is more directly exposed to the rays

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: autumn as daylight hours shorten.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: day and night are equally divided

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the northern hemisphere tips toward the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March equinox,

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on December 2, 1956. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on December 2, 1956. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 2, 1956

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on December 2, 1956.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 2, 1956.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December 2, 1956.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December 2, 1956.

text: Once above the atmosphere, radiation due to the Van Allen belts, solar radiation and cosmic radiation issues occur and increase. Further away from the Earth, solar flares can give a fatal radiation dose in minutes, and the health threat from cosmic radiation significantly increases the chances of cancer over a decade exposure or more.

text: Once above the atmosphere, radiation due to the

text: Van Allen belts

text: solar radiation

text: and

text: cosmic radiation

text: issues occur and increase. Further away from the Earth,

text: solar flare

text: s can give a fatal radiation dose in minutes, and the

text: health threat from cosmic radiation

text: significantly increases the chances of cancer over a decade exposure or more.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: above the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: can give a fatal radiation dose

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the sun is closest to the Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: radiation due to the Van Allen belts,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Once above the atmosphere, radiation due to the Van Allen belts,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Van Allen belts,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: above the atmosphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Once above the atmosphere, radiation due to the Van Allen belts,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Once above the atmosphere, radiation due to the Van Allen belts,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: a decade

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Once above the atmosphere, radiation due to the Van Allen belts,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Once above the atmosphere, radiation due to the Van Allen belts,

text: In Smallville, Clark Kent initially believes himself to be the last survivor of Krypton. However, his father Jor-El's memories remains sentient in the mysterious Kawatche Caves and Fortress of Solitude an disembodied AI, and the disembodied spirit of Zod is similarly sentient albeit trapped in the Phantom Zone. In Season Five, Clark discovers that the Disciples of Zod: Nam-Ek & Aethyr and a Kryptonian artificial intelligence: Brain-Interactive-Construct aka Brainiac arrive on Earth, serving Zod's trapped spirit. In Season Six, Clark discovers his father's assistant Raya was spared by being placed in the Phantom Zone, with her body intact. She helped Clark on Earth until her death a short time after her escape from the Phantom Zone. Season Seven introduces Kara Zor-El, having been sent to Earth at the same time of Clark but trapped in suspended animation since then; later, through schemes put into practice before his death, Clark's uncle Zor-El and mother Lara are resurrected with powers intact for a time. Later, it is revealed that another Kryptonian, the scientist Dax-Ur, has been living on Earth for over a hundred years, using Blue Kryptonite to render himself powerless, and has even fathered a son with his human wife. Dax-Ur is killed soon after by Brainiac. In Season 8, it is revealed that Zod's wife Faora, also a disembodied wraith, was sent into the Phantom Zone with her husband, but not before they genetically engineered their son, fusing genetic material taken from the most violent Kryptonian life-forms with their own. The child was attached to Clark's ship in the form of a cocoon; on Earth it assumed a human form and became known as Davis Bloome, but would periodically assume its true form: the monster Doomsday. In the season finale, Zod makes his first full bodied appearance on the series, along with a large number of other Kryptonians who are later revealed to be clones created as part of an old experiment. Initially powerless due to their cells having been treated with blue kryptonite radiation, these clones later gain powers when Clark is forced to provide Zod with a sample of his blood to heal him after he is shot, Zod using this blood to empower his followers. The clones are relocated to a new world that they designate 'New Krypton' at the conclusion of Season Nine, with Clark Kent remaining on Earth and Zod being sent to the Phantom Zone to merge with his original self when the clones learn that Zod killed his lover Faora for objecting to his plans.

text: In

text: Smallville

text: , Clark Kent initially believes himself to be the last survivor of Krypton. However, his father Jor-El's memories remains sentient in the mysterious

text: Kawatche

text: Caves and Fortress of Solitude an disembodied AI, and the disembodied spirit of Zod is similarly sentient albeit trapped in the Phantom Zone. In

text: Season Five

text: , Clark discovers that the Disciples of Zod:

text: Nam-Ek & Aethyr

text: and a Kryptonian artificial intelligence: Brain-Interactive-Construct aka

text: Brainiac

text: arrive on Earth, serving Zod's trapped spirit. In

text: Season Six

text: , Clark discovers his father's assistant Raya was spared by being placed in the Phantom Zone, with her body intact. She helped Clark on Earth until her death a short time after her escape from the Phantom Zone.

text: Season Seven

text: introduces

text: Kara Zor-El

text: , having been sent to Earth at the same time of Clark but trapped in suspended animation since then; later, through schemes put into practice before his death, Clark's uncle

text: Zor-El

text: and mother

text: Lara

text: are resurrected with powers intact for a time. Later, it is revealed that another Kryptonian, the scientist

text: Dax-Ur

text: , has been living on Earth for over a hundred years, using Blue Kryptonite to render himself powerless, and has even fathered a son with his human wife. Dax-Ur is killed soon after by Brainiac. In

text: Season 8

text: , it is revealed that Zod's wife

text: Faora

text: , also a disembodied wraith, was sent into the Phantom Zone with her husband, but not before they genetically engineered their son, fusing genetic material taken from the most violent Kryptonian life-forms with their own. The child was attached to Clark's ship in the form of a cocoon; on Earth it assumed a human form and became known as Davis Bloome, but would periodically assume its true form: the monster

text: Doomsday

text: . In the season finale, Zod makes his first full bodied appearance on the series, along with a large number of other Kryptonians who are later revealed to be clones created as part of an old experiment. Initially powerless due to their cells having been treated with blue kryptonite radiation, these clones later gain powers when Clark is forced to provide Zod with a sample of his blood to heal him after he is shot, Zod using this blood to empower his followers. The clones are relocated to a new world that they designate 'New Krypton' at the conclusion of Season Nine, with Clark Kent remaining on Earth and Zod being sent to the Phantom Zone to merge with his original self when the clones learn that Zod killed his lover Faora for objecting to his plans.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Season Five, Clark discovers that the Disciples of Zod:

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Doomsday

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Season Five

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Kawatche Caves and Fortress of Solitude

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Phantom Zone

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Season Seven introduces Kara Zor-El,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: season finale, Zod makes his first full bodied appearance on the series

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Season 8

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earths axis of rotation is pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from Polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: serving Zod's trapped spirit.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Doomsday.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: mother Lara

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Phantom Zone

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Phantom Zone

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: resurrected

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Lara are resurrected with powers intact for a time.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Phantom Zone

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Faora,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Phantom Zone.

text: Following the completion of her charter to Lord Nelson Seereisen, Mona Lisa was chartered to Peace Boat for the duration of the 2008/2009 northern hemisphere winter season. For the duration of the 2009 northern hemisphere summer season she again returned to the fleet of Lord Nelson Seereisen.

text: Following the completion of her charter to Lord Nelson Seereisen, Mona Lisa was chartered to

text: Peace Boat

text: for the duration of the 2008/2009

text: northern hemisphere

text: winter season. For the duration of the 2009 northern hemisphere summer season she again returned to the fleet of Lord Nelson Seereisen.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winter and summer

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2008/2009

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: charter to Lord Nelson Seereisen,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2008/2009 northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2008/2009

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2009 northern hemisphere summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2008/2009 northern hemisphere winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2008/2009 northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2008/2009

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on May 11, 1975. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on May 11, 1975. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on May 11, 1975.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: May 11, 1975.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: May 11, 1975.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: May 11, 1975.

text: Many astrologers find ages too erratic based on either the vernal point moving through the randomly sized zodiacal constellations or sidereal zodiac and, instead, round all astrological ages to exactly 2000 years each. In this approach the ages are usually neatly aligned so that the Aries age is found from 2000 BC to AD 1, Pisces age AD 1 to AD 2000, the Aquarian Age AD 2000 - AD 4000, and so on. This approach is inconsistent with the precession of the equinoxes. Based on precession of the equinoxes, there is a one degree shift approximately every 72 years, so a 30-degree movement requires 2160 years to complete.

text: Many astrologers find ages too erratic based on either the vernal point moving through the randomly sized zodiacal constellations or sidereal zodiac and, instead, round all astrological ages to exactly 2000 years each. In this approach the ages are usually neatly aligned so that the Aries age is found from 2000 BC to AD 1, Pisces age AD 1 to AD 2000, the Aquarian Age AD 2000 - AD 4000, and so on. This approach is inconsistent with the precession of the equinoxes. Based on precession of the equinoxes, there is a one degree shift approximately every 72 years, so a 30-degree movement requires 2160 years to complete.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sidereal zodiac

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: there is a one degree shift approximately every 72 years

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal point

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: precession of the equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: precession of the equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: precession of the equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 30-degree

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: precession of the equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: there is a one degree shift approximately every 72 years,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: precession of the equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: precession of the equinoxes.

text: As the mesosphere contains very little moisture, approximately one hundred millionth that of air from the Sahara desert, and is extremely thin, the ice crystals can form only at temperatures below about . This means that noctilucent clouds form predominantly during summer when, counterintuitively, the mesosphere is coldest, therefore they can't be observed (even if they are present) inside the Polar circles because the Sun is never low enough under the horizon at this season at these latitudes. Noctilucent clouds form mostly near the polar regions, because the mesosphere is coldest there. Clouds in the southern hemisphere are about  higher than those in the northern hemisphere.

text: As the

text: mesosphere

text: contains very little moisture, approximately one hundred millionth that of air from the

text: Sahara desert

text: , and is extremely thin, the ice crystals can form only at temperatures below about . This means that noctilucent clouds form predominantly during summer when, counterintuitively, the mesosphere is coldest, therefore they can't be observed (even if they are present) inside the

text: Polar circle

text: s because the Sun is never low enough under the horizon at this season at these latitudes. Noctilucent clouds form mostly near the polar regions, because the mesosphere is coldest there. Clouds in the southern hemisphere are about  higher than those in the northern hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: ice crystals can form only at temperatures below about

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the mesosphere is coldest

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: higher than those in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the mesosphere contains very little moisture,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Noctilucent clouds form mostly near the polar regions,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: noctilucent clouds

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Polar circles

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer when, counterintuitively, the mesosphere is coldest,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Sun is never low enough under the horizon

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Noctilucent clouds form mostly near the polar regions,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer

text: The Anton type 213 Geiger-Müller tube performed as expected. The average rate was 0.6 counts per second. Increases in its counting rate were larger and more frequent than for the two larger tubes, since it was more sensitive to particles of lower energy. It detected 7 small solar bursts of radiation during September and October and 2 during November and December. The absence of a detectable magnetosphere was also confirmed by the tube; it detected no radiation belt at Venus similar to that of Earth. The count rate would have increased by 10, but no change was measured.

text: The Anton type 213 Geiger-Müller tube performed as expected. The average rate was 0.6 counts per second. Increases in its counting rate were larger and more frequent than for the two larger tubes, since it was more sensitive to particles of lower energy. It detected 7 small solar bursts of radiation during September and October and 2 during November and December. The absence of a detectable magnetosphere was also confirmed by the tube; it detected no radiation belt at Venus similar to that of Earth. The count rate would have increased by 10, but no change was measured.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: it was more sensitive to particles of lower energy

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: radiation belt at Venus

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November and December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no change was measured

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: it was more sensitive to particles of lower energy.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar bursts of radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: September and October and 2 during November and December.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Venus

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: radiation belt

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2 during November and December.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2 during November and December.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: November and December.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2 during November and December.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September and October

text: The custom could have been a folk embodiment of the confusion created by the collision of two calendar systems. Some ancient traditions marked the change of season at cross-quarter days such as Imbolc when daylight first makes significant progress against the night. Other traditions held that spring did not begin until the length of daylight overtook night at the Vernal Equinox. So an arbiter, the groundhog/hedgehog, was incorporated as a yearly custom to settle the two traditions. Sometimes spring begins at Imbolc, and sometimes winter lasts six more weeks until the equinox.

text: The custom could have been a folk embodiment of the confusion created by the collision of two calendar systems. Some ancient traditions marked the change of season at

text: cross-quarter day

text: s such as

text: Imbolc

text: when daylight first makes significant progress against the night. Other traditions held that spring did not begin until the length of daylight overtook night at the

text: Vernal Equinox

text: . So an arbiter, the groundhog/hedgehog, was incorporated as a yearly custom to settle the two traditions. Sometimes spring begins at

text: Imbolc

text: , and sometimes winter lasts six more weeks until the equinox.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: confusion created by the collision of two calendar systems

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter lasts six more weeks until the equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter lasts six more weeks until the equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: confusion created by the collision of two calendar systems.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Vernal Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: winter lasts six more weeks until the equinox.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: groundhog/hedgehog,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: six more weeks until the equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter lasts six more weeks until the equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Vernal Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Vernal Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Vernal Equinox.

text: Don has written of his struggle with depression since the age of 25and Seasonal Affective Disorder. He describes in his memoir "great spans of muddy time" in which there is nothing but depression. He noted "'Earth heals me better than any medicine". He has had cognitive behavioural therapy and took Prozac before favouring a lightbox, now a recognised aid for Seasonal Affective Disorder sufferers. He had peritonitis in 2007 and a minor stroke in 2008.

text: Don has written of his struggle with depression since the age of 25and

text: Seasonal Affective Disorder

text: . He describes in his memoir "great spans of muddy time" in which there is nothing but depression. He noted "'Earth heals me better than any medicine". He has had

text: cognitive behavioural therapy

text: and took

text: Prozac

text: before favouring a

text: lightbox

text: , now a recognised aid for Seasonal Affective Disorder sufferers. He had

text: peritonitis

text: in 2007 and a minor

text: stroke

text: in 2008.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal affective disorder

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: does Don have depression

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth heals me better than any medicine

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Seasonal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: depression

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Seasonal Affective Disorder.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Seasonal Affective Disorder.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Seasonal Affective Disorder.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: lightbox,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: lightbox,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: "'Earth heals me better than any medicine".

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Seasonal Affective Disorder.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Seasonal Affective Disorder.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Seasonal Affective Disorder.

text: Pit houses made by Hohokam farmers between 100 and 900 AD, in what is now the southwest of the USA, were bermed structures, partially embedded in south-facing slopes. Their successful design was used for hundreds of years.At Matmata, Tunisia, most of the ancient homes were built  below ground level, and surrounded courtyards about  square.The homes were reached through tunnels. Other examples of subterranean, semi-subterranean or cliff-based dwellings in both hot and cold climates are found in Turkey, northern China and the Himalayas, and the southwest USA. A number of Buddhist monasteries built from earth and other materials into cliff sides or caves in Himalayan areas such as Tibet, Bhutan, Nepal and northern India are often perilously placed. Starting in the 1970s, interest in the technique has revived in developed countries. By setting an earth house into the ground, the house will be cooler in the warm season and warmer in the cool season.

text: Pit houses made by

text: Hohokam

text: farmers between 100 and 900 AD, in what is now the southwest of the USA, were bermed structures, partially embedded in south-facing slopes. Their successful design was used for hundreds of years.At

text: Matmata, Tunisia

text: , most of the ancient homes were built  below ground level, and surrounded courtyards about  square.The homes were reached through tunnels. Other examples of subterranean, semi-subterranean or cliff-based dwellings in both hot and cold climates are found in Turkey, northern China and the Himalayas, and the southwest USA. A number of Buddhist monasteries built from earth and other materials into cliff sides or caves in Himalayan areas such as

text: Tibet

text: Bhutan

text: Nepal

text: and northern India are often perilously placed. Starting in the 1970s, interest in the technique has revived in developed countries. By setting an earth house into the ground, the house will be cooler in the warm season and warmer in the cool season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: south

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: will be cooler in the warm season and warmer in the cool season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the house will be cooler in the warm season and warmer in the cool season

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cooler in the warm season and warmer in the cool season.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: warm season and warmer in the cool season.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: cooler in the warm season and warmer in the cool season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: cooler in the warm season and warmer in the cool season.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: south-facing slopes.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: warmer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cooler in the warm season and warmer in the cool season.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: warm season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: cooler in the warm season and warmer in the cool season.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: cooler in the warm season and warmer in the cool season.

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on April 17, 1996. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on April 17, 1996. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on April 17, 1996.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: April 17, 1996.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: April 17, 1996.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: April 17, 1996.

text: After this first attempt, Languet de Gergy resumed the project in 1742, this time with the objective of properly defining the Easter Equinox. The task was given to Pierre-Charles Le Monnier, member of the French Academy of Sciences.

text: After this first attempt, Languet de Gergy resumed the project in 1742, this time with the objective of properly defining the

text: Easter

text: Equinox

text: . The task was given to

text: Pierre-Charles Le Monnier

text: , member of the

text: French Academy of Sciences

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Easter Equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Easter Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Easter Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Easter Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Easter Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Easter Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Easter Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Easter Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Easter Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Easter Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Easter Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: properly defining the Easter Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Easter Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Easter Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Easter Equinox.

text: In the northern hemisphere, there are two places in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Siberia, Russia that vie for the honour of being considered the "Pole of Cold" in winter. These are Verkhoyansk (located at ) and Oymyakon (located at ).

text: In the northern hemisphere, there are two places in the

text: Republic of Sakha

text: (Yakutia),

text: Siberia

text: Russia

text: that vie for the honour of being considered the "Pole of Cold" in winter. These are

text: Verkhoyansk

text: (located at ) and

text: Oymyakon

text: (located at ).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: verkhoyansk

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: In the northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Pole of Cold"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Siberia,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: "Pole of Cold"

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "Pole of Cold"

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: ) and Oymyakon

text: This burst of gamma rays quickly continued to spread. Eleven seconds later, Helios 2, a NASA probe, which was in orbit around the Sun, was saturated by the blast of radiation. It soon hit Venus, and the Pioneer Venus Orbiter's detectors were overcome by the wave. Seconds later, Earth received the wave of radiation, where the powerful output of gamma rays inundated the detectors of three U.S. Department of Defense Vela satellites, the Soviet Prognoz 7 satellite, and the Einstein Observatory. Just before the wave exited the Solar System, the blast also hit the International Sun–Earth Explorer. This extremely powerful blast of gamma radiation constituted the strongest wave of extra-solar gamma rays ever detected; it was over 100 times more intense than any known previous extra-solar burst. Because gamma rays travel at the speed of light and the time of the pulse was recorded by several distant spacecraft as well as on Earth, the source of the gamma radiation could be calculated to an accuracy of about 2 arcseconds. The direction of the source corresponded with the remnants of a star that had gone supernova around 3000 B.C.E. It was in the Large Magellanic Cloud and the source was named SGR 0525-66, the event itself was named GRB 790305b, the first observed SGR megaflare.

text: This burst of gamma rays quickly continued to spread. Eleven seconds later,

text: Helios 2

text: , a

text: NASA

text: probe, which was in orbit around the

text: Sun

text: , was saturated by the blast of radiation. It soon hit Venus, and the

text: Pioneer Venus Orbiter

text: 's detectors were overcome by the wave. Seconds later, Earth received the wave of radiation, where the powerful output of gamma rays inundated the detectors of three

text: U.S. Department of Defense

text: Vela satellites

text: , the

text: Soviet Prognoz 7 satellite

text: , and the

text: Einstein Observatory

text: . Just before the wave exited the Solar System, the blast also hit the

text: International Sun–Earth Explorer

text: . This extremely powerful blast of gamma radiation constituted the strongest wave of extra-solar gamma rays ever detected; it was over 100 times more intense than any known previous extra-solar burst. Because gamma rays travel at the speed of light and the time of the pulse was recorded by several distant spacecraft as well as on Earth, the source of the

text: gamma radiation

text: could be calculated to an accuracy of about 2

text: arcseconds

text: . The direction of the source corresponded with the remnants of a star that had

text: gone supernova around 3000 B.C.E.

text: It was in the

text: Large Magellanic Cloud

text: and the source was named

text: SGR 0525-66

text: , the event itself was named

text: GRB 790305b

text: , the first observed SGR megaflare.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the remnants of a star that had gone supernova around 3000 B.C.E

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the International Sun–Earth Explorer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth received the wave of radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: remnants of a star that had gone supernova

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: SGR megaflare.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: This burst of gamma rays

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Large Magellanic Cloud

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Einstein Observatory.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Venus,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2 arcseconds.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2 arcseconds.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Venus,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2 arcseconds.

text: Although darkly pigmented skin absorbs about 30 to 40% more sunlight than lightly pigmented skin, dark skin does not increase the body's internal heat intake in conditions of intense solar radiation. Solar radiation heats up rather the body's surface and not the interior. Furthermore, this amount of heat is negligible compared the heat produced when muscles are actively used during exercise. Regardless of skin colour, humans have excellent capabilities to dissipate heat through sweating. Half of the solar radiation reaching the Earth’s surface is in the form of infrared light and is absorbed similarly regardless of skin coloration.

text: Although darkly pigmented skin absorbs about 30 to 40% more sunlight than lightly pigmented skin, dark skin does not increase the body's internal heat intake in conditions of intense solar radiation. Solar radiation heats up rather the body's surface and not the interior. Furthermore, this amount of heat is negligible compared the heat produced when muscles are actively used during exercise. Regardless of skin colour, humans have excellent capabilities to dissipate heat through sweating. Half of the solar radiation reaching the Earth’s surface is in the form of

text: infrared light

text: and is absorbed similarly regardless of skin coloration.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth’s surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: infrared light

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: is absorbed similarly regardless of skin coloration

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: intense solar radiation.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: darkly pigmented

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Half of the solar radiation reaching the Earth’s surface

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sweating.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Solar radiation heats up rather the body's surface and not the interior.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 30 to 40% more sunlight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: darkly pigmented

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: darkly pigmented

text: Winter Equinox had their song "Two Eyes" featured in the Canadian drama series, Whistler, in the fall of 2007.  It was episode 4 of season 2 of the show.

text: Winter Equinox had their song "Two Eyes" featured in the Canadian drama series,

text: Whistler

text: , in the fall of 2007.  It was episode 4 of season 2 of the show.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the song was featured in the show

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was episode 4 of season 2

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Canadian drama series,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Whistler,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: fall of 2007.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Whistler,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Whistler,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Whistler, in the fall of 2007.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Winter Equinox had their song "Two Eyes"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Whistler, in the fall of 2007.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: fall of 2007.

text: Geroy Simon (born September 11, 1975) is a retired professional Canadian football slotback who played 15 seasons in the Canadian Football League, twelve of them with the BC Lions. Simon won the CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award in 2006 while also winning three Grey Cup championships as a member of the BC Lions in 2006 and 2011 and with Saskatchewan in 2013. As of the 2013 CFL season, Simon is the all-time career leader in CFL receiving yards with 16,352 yards, first in pass receptions with 1,029 and third in touchdown receptions with 103.

text: Geroy Simon (born September 11, 1975) is a retired professional

text: Canadian football

text: slotback

text: who played 15 seasons in the

text: Canadian Football League

text: , twelve of them with the

text: BC Lions

text: . Simon won the

text: CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award

text: in

text: while also winning three

text: Grey Cup

text: championships as a member of the

text: BC Lions

text: in

text: and

text: and with Saskatchewan in

text: . As of the

text: 2013 CFL season

text: , Simon is the

entity_name: List of Canadian Football League records (individual)

text: all-time

text: career leader in CFL receiving yards with 16,352 yards, first in pass receptions with 1,029 and third in touchdown receptions with 103.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Simon won the CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award in 2006

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: September 11

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: winning three Grey Cup championships

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Grey Cup championships

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2006

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Saskatchewan

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 103.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Geroy Simon

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: September 11, 1975)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2006

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Geroy Simon (born September 11, 1975)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September 11,

text: Before the discovery of the precession of the equinoxes by Hipparchus in the Hellenistic period, the difference between sidereal and tropical year was unknown. For naked-eye observation, the shift of the constellations relative to the equinoxes only becomes apparent over centuries or "ages", and pre-modern calendars such as  Hesiod's Works and Days would give the times of the year for sowing, harvest, and so by reference to the first visibility of stars, effectively using the sidereal year.

text: Before the discovery of the precession of the equinoxes by

text: Hipparchus

text: in the

text: Hellenistic period

text: , the difference between sidereal and tropical year was unknown. For naked-eye observation, the shift of the constellations relative to the equinoxes only becomes apparent over centuries or "

text: ages

text: ", and pre-modern calendars such as

text: Hesiod

text: 's

text: Works and Days

text: would give the times of the year for sowing, harvest, and so by reference to the first visibility of stars, effectively using the sidereal year.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: sidereal year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: only becomes apparent over centuries or "ages"

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: first visibility of stars,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropical

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: first visibility of stars,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: only becomes apparent over centuries or "ages",

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Before the discovery of the precession of the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Before the discovery of the precession of the equinoxes

text: A partial solar eclipse will occur on June 21, 2058. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: will occur on June 21, 2058. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse will occur on June 21, 2058.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: June 21, 2058.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: June 21, 2058.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: June 21, 2058.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: June 21, 2058.

text: In the field of climatology, atmospheric infrared radiation is monitored to detect trends in the energy exchange between the earth and the atmosphere. These trends provide information on long-term changes in Earth's climate. It is one of the primary parameters studied in research into global warming, together with solar radiation.

text: In the field of climatology, atmospheric infrared radiation is monitored to detect trends in the energy exchange between the earth and the atmosphere. These trends provide information on long-term changes in Earth's climate. It is one of the primary parameters studied in research into

text: global warming

text: , together with

text: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: infrared radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: long-term changes in Earth's climate

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: long-term changes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: global warming,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: atmospheric infrared radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: long-term changes in Earth's climate.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: atmospheric infrared radiation

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: atmospheric infrared radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: atmospheric infrared radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: atmospheric infrared radiation

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: atmospheric infrared radiation

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: In the field of climatology,

text: Each year was split into the spring equinox, 6 summer months, autumn equinox and winter.

text: Each year was split into the spring

text: equinox

text: , 6 summer months, autumn equinox and winter.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinoxes occur at different times of year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: will the sun be at its shortest position

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it's the same every year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: the autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: spring equinox,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn equinox and winter.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: spring equinox,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: autumn equinox and winter.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: autumn equinox and winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn equinox

text: The first season slowly reveals that the Crystal Gems are remnants of a great interstellar civilization. Many places they visit are ruins once important to Gem culture, but now derelict for millennia. The Gems are cut off from their homeworld, and Steven learns that many of the monsters and artifacts they encounter are Gems who, corrupted by a Gem weapon of mass destruction, can no longer maintain rational humanoid forms. In parallel, flashbacks relayed by Greg develop the history of Rose Quartz and her relationships. By the end of the first season, Steven learns that the Homeworld Gems intended to sterilize the Earth to incubate new Gems within it. Now, 5,000 years after Rose led the other Crystal Gems in a violent and apparently successful rebellion against these genocidal plans, the Homeworld's machinations once again extend towards the Earth with the arrival of two hostile envoys, Peridot and Jasper. In the second season, Peridot is forced to ally with the Crystal Gems to prevent Earth's destruction by a Gem abomination growing in the planet's core. In the third season, Peridot and Lapis Lazuli, an errant Homeworld Gem, join the Crystal Gems. Jasper is at length defeated, and Steven learns that his mother killed one of Gem society's four matriarchs, Pink Diamond.

text: The first season slowly reveals that the Crystal Gems are remnants of a great interstellar civilization. Many places they visit are ruins once important to Gem culture, but now derelict for millennia. The Gems are cut off from their homeworld, and Steven learns that many of the monsters and artifacts they encounter are Gems who, corrupted by a Gem weapon of mass destruction, can no longer maintain rational humanoid forms. In parallel, flashbacks relayed by Greg develop the history of Rose Quartz and her relationships. By the end of the first season, Steven learns that the Homeworld Gems intended to sterilize the Earth to incubate new Gems within it. Now, 5,000 years after Rose led the other Crystal Gems in a violent and apparently successful rebellion against these genocidal plans, the Homeworld's machinations once again extend towards the Earth with the arrival of two hostile envoys, Peridot and Jasper. In the second season, Peridot is forced to ally with the Crystal Gems to prevent Earth's destruction by a Gem abomination growing in the planet's core. In the third season, Peridot and Lapis Lazuli, an errant Homeworld Gem, join the Crystal Gems. Jasper is at length defeated, and Steven learns that his mother killed one of Gem society's four

text: matriarchs

text: , Pink Diamond.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to prevent Earth's destruction by a Gem abomination

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: core

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the third season

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Gems are cut off from their homeworld

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to prevent Earth's destruction by a Gem abomination

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sterilize the Earth

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Rose Quartz

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: ruins

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: core.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Rose Quartz

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 5,000 years after Rose led the other Crystal Gems

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: interstellar

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Pink Diamond.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Rose Quartz

text: Mission: Earth begins by resolving the cliffhanger ending from the previous season.  For this season, a new series opening was given.

text: Mission: Earth begins by resolving the cliffhanger ending from the previous season.  For this season, a new series opening was given.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cliffhanger ending

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: perihelion

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's crust

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Mission: Earth begins

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a new series opening was given.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Mission: Earth

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Mission: Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a new series opening was given.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Mission: Earth

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Mission: Earth

text: Hank Henshaw was an astronaut at NASA until a solar flare hit his space shuttle during an experiment in space, damaging the ship and the crew. Henshaw and the crew found that their bodies had begun to mutate and, after returning to Earth, Henshaw's entire crew (including his wife) eventually committed suicide. After learning that Superman had thrown the Eradicator into the sun in a battle during the space shuttle experiment, Henshaw blamed Superman for the solar flare and the accident. Before his body completely disintegrated due to the radiation exposure, Henshaw was able to save his consciousness. Using NASA communications equipment, Henshaw beams his mind into the birthing matrix which had carried Superman from Krypton to Earth as an infant. He creates a small exploration craft from the birthing matrix and departs into outer space alone. Becoming increasingly mentally unstable, Henshaw used Superman's birthing matrix to create a body identical to Superman's, albeit with cybernetic parts. He returned to Earth to kill Superman, only to discover that Superman had already died during Henshaw's absence. Following Superman's eventual resurrection, Henshaw would not only become a recurring adversary of Superman but of Green Lantern as well. Hank Henshaw became a member of the Sinestro Corps during the Blackest Night.

text: Hank Henshaw was an astronaut at

text: NASA

text: until a solar flare hit his space shuttle during an experiment in space, damaging the ship and the crew. Henshaw and the crew found that their bodies had begun to mutate and, after returning to Earth, Henshaw's entire crew (including his wife) eventually committed suicide. After learning that

text: Superman

text: had thrown

text: the Eradicator

text: into the sun in a battle during the space shuttle experiment, Henshaw blamed Superman for the solar flare and the accident. Before his body completely disintegrated due to the radiation exposure, Henshaw was able to save his consciousness. Using NASA communications equipment, Henshaw beams his mind into the birthing matrix which had carried Superman from

text: Krypton

text: to Earth as an infant. He creates a small exploration craft from the birthing matrix and departs into outer space alone. Becoming increasingly mentally unstable, Henshaw used Superman's birthing matrix to create a body identical to Superman's, albeit with cybernetic parts. He returned to Earth to kill Superman, only to discover that

text: Superman had already died

text: during Henshaw's absence. Following Superman's eventual resurrection, Henshaw would not only become a recurring adversary of Superman but of

text: Green Lantern

text: as well. Hank Henshaw became a member of the

text: Sinestro Corps

text: during the

text: Blackest Night

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a solar flare hit his space shuttle during an experiment

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Blackest Night

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Blackest Night.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Blackest Night.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Blackest Night.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: solar flare

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Blackest Night.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Blackest Night.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Blackest Night.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Blackest Night.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Blackest Night.

text: Many Wiccan, Neo-Druid, and eclectic Neopagans incorporate a narrative of the Oak King and the Holly King as rulers of the waxing year and the waning year respectively. These two figures battle endlessly with the turning of the seasons. At the summer solstice, the Holly King defeats the Oak King and commences his reign. After the Autumn equinox the Oak King slowly begins to regain his power as the sun begins to wane. Come the winter solstice the Oak King in turn vanquishes the Holly King. After the spring equinox the sun begins to wax again and the Holly King slowly regains his strength until he once again defeats the Oak King at the summer solstice. The two are ultimately seen as essential parts of a whole, light and dark aspects of the male God, and would not exist without each other.

text: Many Wiccan,

text: Neo-Druid

text: , and eclectic Neopagans incorporate a narrative of the

text: Oak King

text: and the

text: Holly King

text: as rulers of the waxing year and the waning year respectively. These two figures battle endlessly with the turning of the seasons. At the

text: summer solstice

text: , the Holly King defeats the Oak King and commences his reign. After the

text: Autumn equinox

text: the Oak King slowly begins to regain his power as the sun begins to wane. Come the

text: winter solstice

text: the Oak King in turn vanquishes the Holly King. After the

text: spring equinox

text: the sun begins to wax again and the Holly King slowly regains his strength until he once again defeats the Oak King at the summer solstice. The two are ultimately seen as essential parts of a whole, light and dark aspects of the male God, and would not exist without each other.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the sun begins to wane

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Oak King in turn vanquishes the Holly King

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the sun begins to wax again

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: light and dark aspects of the male God,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Oak King in turn vanquishes the Holly King.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Oak King slowly begins to regain his power

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Autumn equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: summer solstice, the Holly King defeats the Oak King

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Autumn equinox

text: For the orbit of the Earth around the Sun, the time of apsis is often expressed in terms of a time relative to seasons, since this determines the contribution of the elliptical orbit to seasonal variations. The variation of the seasons is primarily controlled by the annual cycle of the elevation angle of the Sun, which is a result of the tilt of the axis of the Earth measured from the plane of the ecliptic. The Earth's eccentricity and other orbital elements are not constant, but vary slowly due to the perturbing effects of the planets and other objects in the solar system. See Milankovitch cycles.

text: For the orbit of the Earth around the Sun, the time of apsis is often expressed in terms of a time relative to seasons, since this determines the contribution of the elliptical orbit to seasonal variations. The variation of the seasons is primarily controlled by the annual cycle of the elevation angle of the Sun, which is a result of the tilt of the axis of the Earth measured from the

text: plane of the ecliptic

text: . The Earth's

text: eccentricity

text: and other orbital elements are not constant, but vary slowly due to the perturbing effects of the planets and other objects in the solar system. See

text: Milankovitch cycles

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the annual cycle of the elevation angle of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: elevation angle of the Sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the tilt of the axis of the Earth measured from the plane of the ecliptic

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: apsis

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the annual cycle of the elevation angle of the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: apsis

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasonal variations.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The Earth's eccentricity and other orbital elements are not constant,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: elevation angle

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the time of apsis

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: expressed in terms of a time relative to seasons,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: apsis

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: plane of the ecliptic.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: time of apsis

text: Scientifically, currently in the Northern Hemisphere, winter solstice occurs between 21 and 22 December. Day light will begin to increase on 22 December and on this day, the Sun will begin its northward journey which marks Uttarayaan. The date of winter solstice changes gradually due to the Axial precession of the Earth, coming earlier by approximately 1 day in every 70 years. Hence, if the Makara Sankranti at some point of time did mark the day after the actual date of winter solstice, a date in mid-January would correspond to around 300CE, the heyday of Indian mathematics and astronomy.

text: Scientifically, currently in the Northern Hemisphere,

text: winter solstice

text: occurs between 21 and 22 December. Day light will begin to increase on 22 December and on this day, the Sun will begin its northward journey which marks Uttarayaan. The date of winter solstice changes gradually due to the

text: Axial precession of the Earth

text: , coming earlier by approximately 1 day in every 70 years. Hence, if the Makara Sankranti at some point of time did mark the day after the actual date of winter solstice, a date in mid-January would correspond to around 300CE, the heyday of Indian mathematics and astronomy.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Axial precession of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: between 21 and 22 December

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: date in mid-January would correspond to around 300CE

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Axial precession of the Earth,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: between 21 and 22 December.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: winter solstice occurs between 21 and 22 December.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter solstice occurs between 21 and 22 December.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter solstice occurs between 21 and 22 December.

text: He would play 8 seasons in Edmonton. In his first year, 1971, he caught 49 passes for 827 yards, and 54 for 1015 yards the next season. 1973 was one of his greatest years, and his 81 catches for 1,123 yards won him the CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award.

text: He would play 8 seasons in

text: Edmonton

text: . In his first year, 1971, he caught 49 passes for 827 yards, and 54 for 1015 yards the next season. 1973 was one of his greatest years, and his 81 catches for 1,123 yards won him the

text: CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: He would play 8 seasons in Edmonton

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Edmonton.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 54 for 1015 yards the next season.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Edmonton.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Edmonton.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1971,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: He would play 8 seasons in Edmonton.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1971,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1971,

text: In the late 1930s, the presence of a very hot, tenuous gas surrounding the Sun was inferred indirectly from optical coronal lines of highly ionized species. In the mid-1940s radio observations revealed a radio corona around the Sun. After detecting X-ray photons from the Sun in the course of a rocket flight, T. Burnight wrote, "The sun is assumed to be the source of this radiation although radiation of wavelength shorter than 4 Å would not be expected from theoretical estimates of black body radiation from the solar corona." And, of course, people have seen the solar corona in scattered visible light during solar eclipses.

text: In the late 1930s, the presence of a very hot, tenuous gas surrounding the Sun was inferred indirectly from optical coronal lines of highly ionized species. In the mid-1940s radio observations revealed a radio corona around the Sun. After detecting X-ray photons from the Sun in the course of a rocket flight, T. Burnight wrote, "The sun is assumed to be the source of this radiation although radiation of wavelength shorter than 4 Å would not be expected from theoretical estimates of black body radiation from the solar corona." And, of course, people have seen the solar corona in scattered visible light during solar eclipses.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a very hot, tenuous gas surrounding the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar eclipses.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: In the late 1930s,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: species.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar eclipses.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: In the late 1930s,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar eclipses.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: In the late 1930s,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: In the late 1930s,

text: Very rarely, well-defined winter storms may form during the summer, though it would usually have to be an abnormally cold summer, such as the Summer of 1816 in the Northeastern United States. In many locations in the Northern Hemisphere, the most powerful winter storms usually occur in March and, in regions where temperatures are cold enough, April.

text: Very rarely, well-defined winter storms may form during the summer, though it would usually have to be an abnormally cold summer, such as the

text: Summer of 1816

text: in the

text: Northeastern United States

text: . In many locations in the Northern Hemisphere, the most powerful winter storms usually occur in March and, in regions where temperatures are cold enough, April.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March and, in regions where temperatures are cold enough, April

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: abnormally cold summer,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Summer of 1816

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Very rarely, well-defined winter storms may form during the summer,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northeastern United States.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the most powerful winter storms usually occur in March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Very rarely, well-defined winter storms may form during the summer,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summer of 1816

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter storms may form during the summer,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March

text: The Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) is a semiannual international academic conference on wireless communications. It is organised by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' Vehicular Technology Society. The first conference was held in Detroit, Michigan in 1950 and then annually until 1998. Since 1999 the conference has been held in spring and fall, when it is known as VTC Spring and VTC Fall respectively. The alignment with the seasons has meant that the conference has almost always been held in the Northern Hemisphere, but in May 2006, VTC Spring was held in Melbourne, Australia, visiting the Southern Hemisphere for the first time.

text: The Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC) is a semiannual international

text: academic conference

text: on

text: wireless communications

text: . It is organised by the

entity_name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

text: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

text: Vehicular Technology Society

text: . The first conference was held in

text: Detroit

text: Michigan

text: in 1950 and then annually until 1998. Since 1999 the conference has been held in spring and

text: fall

text: , when it is known as VTC Spring and VTC Fall respectively. The alignment with the

text: season

text: s has meant that the conference has almost always been held in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , but in May 2006, VTC Spring was held in

text: Melbourne

text: Australia

text: , visiting the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: for the first time.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The alignment with the seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: VTC Spring was held in Melbourne, Australia

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the conference has almost always been held in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the conference has almost always been held in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: VTC Spring and VTC Fall

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the conference has almost always been held in the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on December 15, 1982. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on December 15, 1982. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 15, 1982

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on December 15, 1982.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 15, 1982.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December 15, 1982.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December 15, 1982.

text: The Andes cause humid winds from the Pacific ocean to rise so most of the moisture precipitates on the western side of the Andes, leaving all except the Andean portion of the province dry. In the Andean region, the climate is cold for its latitude owing to the higher elevations there and the influence of winds from the Pacific Ocean. The peaks are usually snow covered throughout the year. In this region, precipitation ranges from  to over  in some areas. The central parts of the province have an arid climate with hot, sunny summers but cold winters and only average  of precipitation a year. The central parts of the province are very windy throughout the year. The coast has an arid or semi-arid climate with hot, but short summers and cold winters. It is the mildest region in the province with the warmest annual mean temperatures. The coast region's climate is a transition between the more temperate climates to the north and the colder climates in the south. Summers tend to be much warmer than Santa Cruz province to the south, particularly in the summer since subtropical air from the north and a branch of the warm Brazil Current can reach the province up until 46°. Because there is little land masses in the Southern hemisphere, most of the cold fronts, which usually move in a west to east direction are moderated as they pass over the Pacific Ocean. As such, cold temperatures are not as extreme as they are in the northern hemisphere. Similar to the rest of Patagonia the climate is characterized by strong winds throughout the year, which also leads to higher evapotranspiration, another factor in the province being mostly dry.

text: The Andes cause humid winds from the Pacific ocean to rise so most of the moisture precipitates on the western side of the Andes, leaving all except the Andean portion of the province dry. In the Andean region, the climate is cold for its latitude owing to the higher elevations there and the influence of winds from the Pacific Ocean. The peaks are usually snow covered throughout the year. In this region, precipitation ranges from  to over  in some areas. The central parts of the province have an

text: arid climate

text: with hot, sunny summers but cold winters and only average  of precipitation a year. The central parts of the province are very windy throughout the year. The coast has an arid or

text: semi-arid climate

text: with hot, but short summers and cold winters. It is the mildest region in the province with the warmest annual mean temperatures. The coast region's climate is a transition between the more temperate climates to the north and the colder climates in the south. Summers tend to be much warmer than Santa Cruz province to the south, particularly in the summer since

text: subtropical

text: air from the north and a branch of the warm

text: Brazil Current

text: can reach the province up until 46°. Because there is little land masses in the Southern hemisphere, most of the

text: cold fronts

text: , which usually move in a west to east direction are moderated as they pass over the Pacific Ocean. As such, cold temperatures are not as extreme as they are in the northern hemisphere. Similar to the rest of

text: Patagonia

text: the climate is characterized by strong winds throughout the year, which also leads to higher

text: evapotranspiration

text: , another factor in the province being mostly dry.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Andean region, the climate is cold for its latitude owing to the higher elevations there and the influence of winds from the Pacific Ocean

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The coast

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cold winters

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: is not as extreme as they are in the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summers

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: higher elevations there and the influence of winds from the Pacific Ocean.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summers

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: warmer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: average of precipitation a year.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cold winters

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 46°.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Santa Cruz province

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Southern hemisphere,

text: In the Southern Hemisphere, seasons are in reverse to the Northern Hemisphere, with summer falling in December, January, and February, and with winter falling in June, July, and August. Therefore, in some southern hemisphere countries, such as Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, Comoros, Madagascar, Bolivia, Angola, French Polynesia, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Samoa and South Africa, Christmas in July or Midwinter Christmas events are undertaken in order to have Christmas with a winter feel in common with the northern hemisphere. These countries still celebrate Christmas on December 25, in their summer, like the rest of the world.

text: In the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , seasons are in reverse to the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , with

text: summer

text: falling in

text: December

text: January

text: , and

text: February

text: , and with

text: winter

text: falling in

text: June

text: July

text: , and

text: August

text: . Therefore, in some southern hemisphere countries, such as

text: Australia

text: New Zealand

text: Argentina

text: Comoros

text: Madagascar

text: Bolivia

text: Angola

text: French Polynesia

text: Papua New Guinea

text: Paraguay

text: Samoa

text: and

text: South Africa

text: , Christmas in July or Midwinter Christmas events are undertaken in order to have Christmas with a winter feel in common with the northern hemisphere. These countries still celebrate Christmas on December 25, in their summer, like the rest of the world.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: In the Southern Hemisphere, seasons are in reverse to the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 25, in their summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Midnight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasons are in reverse to the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: December, January, and February,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: June, July, and August.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasons are in reverse to the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December, January, and February,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: seasons are in reverse to the Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: winter falling in June, July, and August.

text: December contains the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, the day with the fewest daylight hours, and the summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere, the day with the most daylight hours (excluding polar regions in both cases). December in the Northern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent to June in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa. In the Northern hemisphere, the beginning of the astronomical winter is traditionally 21 December or the date of the solstice.

text: December contains the

text: winter solstice

text: in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , the day with the fewest daylight hours, and the

text: summer solstice

text: in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , the day with the most daylight hours (excluding polar regions in both cases). December in the Northern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent to

text: June

text: in the Southern Hemisphere and vice versa. In the Northern hemisphere, the beginning of the astronomical

text: winter

text: is traditionally 21 December or the date of the solstice.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the day with the most daylight hours (excluding polar regions in both cases)

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the day with the fewest daylight hours

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the day with the most daylight hours

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the day with the fewest daylight hours,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: most daylight hours

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the day with the fewest daylight hours,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the day with the most daylight hours

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December contains the winter solstice

text: A sundial at a particular latitude in one hemisphere must be reversed for use at the opposite latitude in the other hemisphere.A vertical direct south sundial in the Northern Hemisphere becomes a vertical direct north sundial in the Southern Hemisphere. To position a horizontal sundial correctly, one has to find true North or South. The same process can be used to do both.The gnomon, set to the correct latitude, has to point to the true South in the Southern hemisphere as in the Northern Hemisphere it has to point to the true North.Also the hour numbers go in opposite directions, so on a horizontal dial they run anticlockwise rather than clockwise.

text: A sundial at a particular

text: latitude

text: in one

text: hemisphere

text: must be reversed for use at the opposite latitude in the other hemisphere.A vertical direct south sundial in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: becomes a vertical direct north sundial in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: . To position a horizontal sundial correctly, one has to find true

text: North

text: or

text: South

text: . The same process can be used to do both.The gnomon, set to the correct latitude, has to point to the true South in the Southern hemisphere as in the Northern Hemisphere it has to point to the true North.Also the hour numbers go in opposite directions, so on a horizontal dial they run anticlockwise rather than clockwise.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: true North

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sundial

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: opposite latitude in the other hemisphere.A

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vertical direct south

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Southern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: anticlockwise

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: anticlockwise rather than clockwise.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: anticlockwise

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: anticlockwise rather than clockwise.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: anticlockwise

text: Summer is the hottest of the four temperate seasons, falling between spring and autumn. At the summer solstice, the days are longest and the nights are shortest, with day-length decreasing as the season progresses after the solstice. The date of the beginning of summer varies according to climate, tradition and culture and vice versa. When it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere, and vice versa.

text: Summer is the hottest of the four

text: temperate

text: season

text: s, falling between

text: spring

text: and

text: autumn

text: . At the summer

text: solstice

text: , the days are longest and the nights are shortest, with day-length decreasing as the season progresses after the solstice. The date of the beginning of summer varies according to

text: climate

text: , tradition and culture and vice versa. When it is summer in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , it is

text: winter

text: in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: , and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate, tradition and culture

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the nights are shortest

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: day-length decreasing as the season progresses after the solstice

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate, tradition and culture

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: shortest,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter in the Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the days are longest and the nights are shortest,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: winter in the Southern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer solstice,

text: But the seasonal and latitudinal distribution and intensity of solar radiation received at Earth's surface does vary. The effect of sun angle on climate results in the change in solar energy in summer and winter.  For example, at latitudes of 65 degrees, this can vary by more than 25% as a result of Earth's orbital variation. Because changes in winter and summer tend to offset, the change in the annual average insolation at any given location is near zero, but the redistribution of energy between summer and winter does strongly affect the intensity of seasonal cycles. Such changes associated with the redistribution of solar energy are considered a likely cause for the coming and going of recent ice ages (see: Milankovitch cycles).

text: But the

text: seasonal

text: and latitudinal distribution and intensity of solar radiation received at Earth's surface does vary. The

text: effect of sun angle on climate

text: results in the change in solar energy in summer and winter.  For example, at

text: latitude

text: s of 65 degrees, this can vary by more than 25% as a result of Earth's orbital variation. Because changes in winter and summer tend to offset, the change in the annual average insolation at any given location is near zero, but the redistribution of energy between summer and winter does strongly affect the intensity of seasonal cycles. Such changes associated with the redistribution of solar energy are considered a likely cause for the coming and going of recent

text: ice age

text: s (see:

text: Milankovitch cycles

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The effect of sun angle on climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: change in solar energy

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal and latitudinal distribution

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The effect of sun angle on climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sun angle

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The effect of sun angle on climate results in the change in solar energy

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: near zero,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: latitudes of 65 degrees,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: change in solar energy

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: near zero,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The effect of sun angle

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: the seasonal and latitudinal

text: Due to the tilt of Earth's rotation relative to the Sun and the ecliptic plane, summer is from December to March and winter is from June to September. September 22 or 23 is the vernal equinox and March 20 or 21 is the autumnal equinox. The South Pole is in the middle of the southern hemispherical region.

text: Due to the tilt of

text: Earth's rotation

text: relative to the

text: Sun

text: and the

text: ecliptic plane

text: summer

text: is from December to March and

text: winter

text: is from June to September. September 22 or 23 is the vernal

text: equinox

text: and March 20 or 21 is the autumnal equinox. The

text: South Pole

text: is in the middle of the southern hemispherical region.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the tilt of Earth's rotation relative to the Sun and the ecliptic plane

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The South Pole

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: June to September

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Due to the tilt of Earth's rotation relative to the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: December to March

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: The South Pole

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The South Pole

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: June to September.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: September 22 or 23 is the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: summer is from December to March and winter is from June to September.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September 22 or 23 is the vernal equinox

text: However, Lockwood stresses the distinction between global climate change and regional-and-seasonal climate changes and is of the opinion that solar modulation of the winter, northern hemisphere jet stream might well result in Europe experiencing a higher fraction of cold winters. From past variations of the Sun deduced from cosmogenic isotopes he concludes that a slide into a new Maunder minimum is possible over the next 50–100 years. The biggest impact of such a decline in solar activity would be a higher occurrence frequency of relatively cold winters in the UK and across Europe, each of which would be accompanied by a relatively warm one elsewhere (for example in Greenland). Thus, Lockwood sees no evidence at all of another (global) ice age coming, but thinks more regionally diverse effects of low solar activity are possible.

text: However, Lockwood stresses the distinction between global climate change and regional-and-seasonal climate changes and is of the opinion that solar modulation of the winter, northern hemisphere

text: jet stream

text: might well result in Europe experiencing a higher fraction of cold winters. From past variations of the Sun deduced from cosmogenic isotopes he concludes that a slide into a new

text: Maunder minimum

text: is possible over the next 50–100 years. The biggest impact of such a decline in solar activity would be a higher occurrence frequency of relatively cold winters in the UK and across Europe, each of which would be accompanied by a relatively warm one elsewhere (for example in Greenland). Thus, Lockwood sees no evidence at all of another (global) ice age coming, but thinks more regionally diverse effects of low solar activity are possible.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar modulation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Maunder minimum

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: a slide into a new Maunder minimum is possible over the next 50–100 years

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Maunder minimum

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar modulation of the winter, northern hemisphere jet stream

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Maunder minimum

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: solar modulation of the winter, northern hemisphere jet stream

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Greenland).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: northern hemisphere jet stream

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: warm

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Maunder minimum

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: solar modulation of the winter, northern hemisphere jet stream

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: northern hemisphere jet stream

text: The Noongar thus have a close connection with the earth and, as a consequence, they divided the year into six distinct seasons that corresponded with moving to different habitats and feeding patterns based on seasonal foods. They were:

text: The Noongar thus have a close connection with the earth and, as a consequence, they divided the year into six distinct seasons that corresponded with moving to different habitats and feeding patterns based on seasonal foods. They were:

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: moving to different habitats

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The Noongar

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: moving to different habitats and feeding patterns based on seasonal foods.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasonal

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: six distinct seasons

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: six distinct seasons

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: six distinct seasons

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: moving to different habitats and feeding patterns based on seasonal foods.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: close connection with the earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: seasons

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Noongar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Noongar

text: Due to seasonal lag the autumnal equinox is considerably warmer than the vernal equinox in most regions. However even with seasonal lag the autumnal equinox is cooler than the summer solstice in most regions as well as the vernal equinox being warmer than the winter solstice even in most oceanic areas.

text: Due to seasonal lag the autumnal equinox is considerably warmer than the vernal equinox in most regions. However even with seasonal lag the autumnal equinox is cooler than the summer solstice in most regions as well as the vernal equinox being warmer than the winter solstice even in most oceanic areas.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal lag

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cooler than the summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal lag

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: oceanic areas.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: oceanic areas.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: warmer than the winter solstice even in most oceanic areas.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: cooler than the summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: autumnal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: autumnal equinox is cooler than the summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: vernal equinox

text: Space radiation consists of high energy particles such as protons, alpha and heavier particles originating from such sources as galactic cosmic rays, energetic solar particles from solar flares and trapped radiation belts.  Space station crew exposures will be much higher than those on Earth and unshielded astronauts may experience serious health effects if unprotected.  Galactic cosmic radiation is extremely penetrating and it may not be possible to build shields of sufficient depth to prevent or control exposure.

text: Space radiation consists of high energy particles such as

text: proton

text: s,

text: alpha

text: and heavier particles originating from such sources as

text: galactic cosmic ray

text: s, energetic

text: solar particles

text: from

text: solar flare

text: s and trapped

text: radiation belt

text: s.  Space station crew exposures will be much higher than those on Earth and unshielded astronauts may experience serious health effects if unprotected.  Galactic cosmic radiation is extremely penetrating and it may not be possible to build shields of sufficient depth to prevent or control exposure.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Galactic cosmic radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Space station

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it may not be possible to build shields

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar flares and trapped radiation belts.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar flares

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Space station

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Space station crew exposures will be much higher than those on Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Space station crew exposures will be much higher than those on Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Space station crew exposures will be much higher than those on Earth

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Space station crew exposures will be much higher than those on Earth

text: Otherwise, exclamation technique agree to us to acquire spatially persistent database from data evidence at inaccessible station greater than wide region. Even though their dependability is powerfully needy on the opening coldness between position, they eventually rely on experiential statistics, which have a superior precision than extra method. Therefore, while an adequate footage spatial thickness is accessible, disturbance method are preferred. Conventionally, solar radiation has not been as densely example as additional variables as temperature or rainfall, therefore the ease of use of capacity is frequently in short supply. Though, the number of experimental system which record solar radiation has developed and interruption has be converted into an appropriate technique for solar radiation evaluation. Nevertheless, radiometric stations are frequently come together approximately farmland or occupied region, typically during basin and plane area, while mountains at rest require enough footage thickness. This truth is particularly applicable afford the tall spatial unpredictability of solar radiation in these province. As an outcome, particular interruption method that tolerate include outdoor foundation should be used to make clear this extra spatial unpredictability. Several diverse spatial interruption techniques can be established. On the other hand, data ease of use in mountainous region is often extremely restricted. As a result, it is hard to construct a precise solar radiation climatology in hilly area to be used in environmental science, climate change.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: mountainous region

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: data ease of use in mountainous region is often extremely restricted

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: coldness between position,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: coldness

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: farmland

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: mountains

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: coldness between position,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: tall spatial unpredictability of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: basin and plane area,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: it is hard to construct a precise solar radiation climatology

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: radiometric stations are frequently come together approximately farmland or occupied region,

text: :Season 1– Season 2– Season 3– Season 4– Season 5– Season 6– Season 7– Season 8– Season 9– Season 10– Season 11

text: Season 1

text: Season 2

text: Season 3

text: Season 4

text: Season 5

text: Season 6

text: Season 7

text: Season 8

text: Season 9

text: Season 10

text: Season 11

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: based on the number of episodes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Season 11

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Season 10

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Season 11

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Season 10

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the sun rises at noon

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Season 11

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Season 11

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Season 4– Season 5–

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Season 7– Season 8– Season 9– Season 10– Season 11

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Season 5–

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Season 4– Season 5– Season 6– Season 7–

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 5– Season 6–

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Season 4– Season 5–

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 5– Season 6–

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Season 7– Season 8– Season 9– Season 10– Season 11

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Season 5–

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Season 4– Season 5– Season 6–

text: Over the course of a year the average solar radiation arriving at the top of the Earth's atmosphere is roughly 1,366 watts per square meter (see solar constant). The radiant power is distributed across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, although most of the power is in the visible light portion of the spectrum. The Sun's rays are attenuated as they pass though the atmosphere, thus reducing the insolation at the Earth's surface to approximately 1,000 watts per square meter for a surface perpendicular to the Sun's rays at sea level on a clear day.

text: Over the course of a year the average solar radiation arriving at the top of the Earth's atmosphere is roughly 1,366

text: watt

text: s per

text: square meter

text: (see

text: solar constant

text: ). The radiant power is distributed across the entire

text: electromagnetic spectrum

text: , although most of the power is in the

text: visible light

text: portion of the spectrum. The Sun's rays are

text: attenuated

text: as they pass though the

text: atmosphere

text: , thus reducing the insolation at the Earth's surface to approximately 1,000 watts per square meter for a surface perpendicular to the Sun's rays at sea level on a clear day.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation arriving at the top of the Earth's atmosphere is roughly 1,366 watts per square meter

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: top of Earth's atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: insolation at the Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth's surface to approximately 1,000 watts per square meter for a surface perpendicular to the Sun's rays at sea level on a clear day

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: night

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: clear day.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 1,366 watts per square meter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 1,366 watts per square meter

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the top of the Earth's atmosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1,000 watts per square meter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: clear day.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: a clear day.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1,366 watts per square meter

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1,366 watts per square meter

text: K hot solar corona is superimposed by intense radio bursts that are associated with phenomena of the solar activity, like flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Solar radio radiation in the LOFAR frequency range is emitted in the middle and upper corona. So LOFAR is an ideal instrument for studies of the launch of CMEs heading towards interplanetary space. LOFAR's imaging capabilities will yield information on whether such a CMEs might hit the Earth. This makes LOFAR is a valuable instrument for space weather studies.

text: K hot

text: solar corona

text: is superimposed by intense radio bursts that are associated with phenomena of the solar activity, like

text: flares

text: and

text: coronal mass ejection

text: s (CMEs). Solar radio radiation in the LOFAR frequency range is emitted in the middle and upper corona. So LOFAR is an ideal instrument for studies of the launch of CMEs heading towards interplanetary space. LOFAR's imaging capabilities will yield information on whether such a CMEs might hit the Earth. This makes LOFAR is a valuable instrument for

text: space weather

text: studies.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper corona

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar activity,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: coronal mass ejections

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: K hot solar corona

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: K hot solar corona

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: K hot solar corona

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Solar radio radiation in the LOFAR

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: K hot solar corona

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: K

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: K hot solar corona

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: K hot solar corona

text: The lunar elevator could also be used to transport supplies and materials from the surface of the moon into the Earth’s orbit and vice versa.  According to Jerome Pearson, many of the Moon's material resources can be extracted and sent into Earth orbit more easily than if they were launched from the Earth's surface. For example, lunar regolith itself could be used as massive material to shield space stations or crewed spacecraft on long missions from solar flares, Van Allen radiation, and other kinds of cosmic radiation. The Moon's naturally occurring metals and minerals could be mined and used for construction.  Lunar deposits of silicon, which could be used to build solar panels for massive satellite solar power stations, seem particularly promising.

text: The lunar elevator could also be used to transport supplies and materials from the surface of the moon into the Earth’s orbit and vice versa.  According to Jerome Pearson, many of the Moon's material resources can be extracted and sent into Earth orbit more easily than if they were launched from the Earth's surface. For example, lunar

text: regolith

text: itself could be used as massive material to shield space stations or crewed spacecraft on long missions from

text: solar flare

text: s,

text: Van Allen radiation

text: , and other kinds of

text: cosmic radiation

text: . The Moon's naturally occurring metals and minerals could be mined and used for construction.  Lunar deposits of silicon, which could be used to build solar panels for massive

text: satellite solar power

text: stations, seem particularly promising.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Moon's naturally occurring metals

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The Moon's naturally occurring metals and minerals could be mined

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar flares, Van Allen radiation, and other kinds of cosmic radiation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar flares,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The lunar elevator

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: solar flares,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The lunar elevator

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth’s orbit and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: moon into the Earth’s orbit and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: moon into the Earth’s orbit and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: moon into the Earth’s orbit and vice versa.

text: One billion years from now, about 27% of the modern ocean will have been subducted into the mantle. If this process were allowed to continue uninterrupted, it would reach an equilibrium state where 65% of the current surface reservoir would remain at the surface. Once the solar luminosity is 10% higher than its current value, the average global surface temperature will rise to . The atmosphere will become a "moist greenhouse" leading to a runaway evaporation of the oceans. At this point, models of the Earth's future environment demonstrate that the stratosphere would contain increasing levels of water. These water molecules will be broken down through photodissociation by solar ultraviolet radiation, allowing hydrogen to escape the atmosphere. The net result would be a loss of the world's sea water by about 1.1 billion years from the present. This will be a simple dramatic step in annihilating all life on Earth.

text: One billion years from now, about 27% of the modern ocean will have been subducted into the mantle. If this process were allowed to continue uninterrupted, it would reach an equilibrium state where 65% of the current surface reservoir would remain at the surface. Once the solar luminosity is 10% higher than its current value, the average global surface temperature will rise to . The atmosphere will become a "moist greenhouse" leading to a

text: runaway

text: evaporation

text: of the oceans. At this point, models of the Earth's future environment demonstrate that the

text: stratosphere

text: would contain increasing levels of water. These water molecules will be broken down through

text: photodissociation

text: by solar ultraviolet radiation, allowing hydrogen to escape the atmosphere. The net result would be a loss of the world's sea water by about 1.1 billion years from the present. This will be a simple dramatic step in annihilating all life on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the stratosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the average global surface temperature will rise to

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equilibrium

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: ocean will have been subducted into the mantle.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar luminosity

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 10% higher than its current value,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 65% of the current surface reservoir would remain at the surface.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: stratosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 10% higher than its current value,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 65% of the current surface reservoir would remain at the surface.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equilibrium state

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 65% of the current surface reservoir would remain at the surface.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: One

text: As every CFL field at the time had an artificial surface, the Touchdown Atlantic game was the only CFL game played on grass in each season it was held. However, artificial turf has to be laid over the track at each end of the stadium in order to accommodate the end zones.

text: As every CFL field at the time had an artificial surface, the Touchdown Atlantic game was the only CFL game played on grass in each season it was held. However, artificial turf has to be laid over the track at each end of the stadium in order to accommodate the end zones.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: artificial turf

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: to accommodate the end zones.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Atlantic

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: As every CFL field at the time had an artificial surface,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Touchdown Atlantic

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Atlantic

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: grass

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: grass

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the Touchdown Atlantic game was the only CFL game played on grass

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: As every CFL field at the time had an artificial surface,

text: Mars has an axial tilt of 25.2°. This means that there are seasons on Mars, just as on Earth. The eccentricity of Mars' orbit is 0.1, much greater than the Earth's present orbital eccentricity of about 0.02. The large eccentricity causes the insolation on Mars to vary as the planet orbits the Sun. (The Martian year lasts 687 days, roughly 2 Earth years.) As on Earth, Mars' obliquity dominates the seasons but, because of the large eccentricity, winters in the southern hemisphere are long and cold while those in the North are short and warm.

text: Mars

text: has an

text: axial tilt

text: of 25.2°. This means that there are seasons on Mars, just as on Earth. The

text: eccentricity

text: of Mars' orbit is 0.1, much greater than the Earth's present orbital eccentricity of about 0.02. The large eccentricity causes the

text: insolation

text: on Mars to vary as the planet orbits the Sun. (The Martian year lasts 687 days, roughly 2 Earth years.) As on Earth, Mars'

text: obliquity

text: dominates the seasons but, because of the large eccentricity, winters in the southern hemisphere are long and cold while those in the North are short and warm.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mars has an axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winters in the southern hemisphere are long and cold

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Mars has an axial tilt of 25.2°

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: obliquity

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mars' obliquity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: obliquity

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winters in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: (The Martian year lasts 687 days, roughly 2 Earth years.)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: North

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: short and warm.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: short and warm.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: obliquity

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 0.02.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Mars has an axial tilt of 25.2°.

text: Currently, the most common equinox and solstice dates are March 20, June 21, September 22 or 23 and December 21; the four-year average slowly shifts to earlier times as the century progresses.   This shift is a full day in about 128 years (compensated mainly by the century "leap year" rules of the Gregorian calendar) and as 2000 was a leap year the current shift has been progressing since the beginning of the last century, when equinoxes and solstices were relatively late.   This also means that in many years of the twentieth century, the dates of March 21, June 22, September 23 and December 22 were much more common, so older books teach (and older people may still remember) these dates.

text: Currently, the most common equinox and solstice dates are March 20, June 21, September 22 or 23 and December 21; the four-year average slowly shifts to earlier times as the century progresses.   This shift is a full day in about 128 years (compensated mainly by the century "leap year" rules of the Gregorian calendar) and as 2000 was a leap year the current shift has been progressing since the beginning of the last century, when equinoxes and solstices were relatively late.   This also means that in many years of the twentieth century, the dates of March 21, June 22, September 23 and December 22 were much more common, so older books teach (and older people may still remember) these dates.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinoxes and solstices

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 21

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the four-year average slowly shifts to earlier times as the century progresses

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: century "leap year" rules of the Gregorian calendar)

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox and solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: June 21, September 22 or 23 and December 21;

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: the four-year average

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 21;

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: relatively late.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: March 20, June 21, September 22 or 23 and December 21;

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March 20, June 21, September 22 or 23 and December 21;

text: Since 2014, Cavanagh has appeared on The CW's live-action television series The Flash as various iterations of Dr. Harrison Wells; the first iteration is the Reverse-Flash's transmutated form for season one, the second iteration is the Earth-2 equivalent Harry Wells seen in season two, and four more iterations are seen in season three: the Earth-19 equivalent nicknamed "H.R.", a version from Earth-17, a hillbilly from an unnamed Earth and a French-speaking mime from another unnamed Earth.

text: Since 2014, Cavanagh has appeared on

text: The CW

text: 's live-action television series

text: The Flash

text: as various iterations of Dr.

text: Harrison Wells

text: ; the first iteration is the

text: Reverse-Flash

text: 's transmutated form for season one, the second iteration is the Earth-2 equivalent Harry Wells seen in season two, and four more iterations are seen in season three: the Earth-19 equivalent nicknamed "H.R.", a version from Earth-17, a

text: hillbilly

text: from an unnamed Earth and a French-speaking mime from another unnamed Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Flash as various iterations of Dr. Harrison Wells

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-19

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Reverse-Flash's transmutated form

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth-19

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: two,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-19

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: two,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth-2 equivalent Harry Wells seen in season two,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth-19

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Earth-2 equivalent Harry Wells seen in season two,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: two,

text: Because the spring equinox was tied to the date of Easter, the Roman Catholic Church considered the seasonal drift in the date of Easter undesirable. The Church of Alexandria celebrated Easter on the Sunday after the 14th day of the moon (computed using the Metonic cycle) that falls on or after the vernal equinox, which they placed on 21 March. However, the Church of Rome still regarded 25 March (Lady Day) as the equinox (until 342), and used a different cycle to compute the day of the moon. In the Alexandrian system, since the 14th day of the Easter moon could fall at earliest on 21 March its first day could fall no earlier than 8 March and no later than 5 April. This meant that Easter varied between 22 March and 25 April. In Rome, Easter was not allowed to fall later than 21 April, that being the day of the Parilia or birthday of Rome and a pagan festival. The first day of the Easter moon could fall no earlier than 5 March and no later than 2 April.

text: Because the spring equinox was tied to the date of Easter, the Roman Catholic Church considered the seasonal drift in the date of Easter undesirable. The Church of Alexandria celebrated Easter on the Sunday after the 14th day of the moon (computed using the

text: Metonic cycle

text: ) that falls on or after the vernal equinox, which they placed on 21 March. However, the Church of Rome still regarded 25 March (Lady Day) as the equinox (until 342), and used a different cycle to compute the day of the moon. In the Alexandrian system, since the 14th day of the Easter moon could fall at earliest on 21 March its first day could fall no earlier than 8 March and no later than 5 April. This meant that Easter varied between 22 March and 25 April. In Rome, Easter was not allowed to fall later than 21 April, that being the day of the

text: Parilia

text: or birthday of Rome and a pagan festival. The first day of the Easter moon could fall no earlier than 5 March and no later than 2 April.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: spring equinox was tied to the date of Easter

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 21 March

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox was tied to the date of Easter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the spring equinox was tied to the date of Easter,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: vernal equinox,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: vernal equinox,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: vernal equinox,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Because the spring equinox was tied to the date of Easter,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 21 March.

text: Kalaf broke into the first team in the 2004–05 season under coach Nassir Maribi. On 14 January 2005, he made his debut in a 2004–05 Iraqi Premier League match against Al-Basra, extraordinarily becoming the youngest player ever to play a match in the Iraqi Premier League at just 13 years old. That season, Al-Kut surprised everyone by finishing second in their group in the first stage with 8 wins, 2 draws and 4 losses, qualifying to the elite stage where they were brought back down to earth, losing all 4 matches. This was still an historic achievement for Al-Kut.

text: Kalaf broke into the first team in the 2004–05 season under coach Nassir Maribi. On 14 January 2005, he made his debut in a

text: 2004–05 Iraqi Premier League

text: match against Al-Basra, extraordinarily becoming the youngest player ever to play a match in the

text: Iraqi Premier League

text: at just 13 years old. That season, Al-Kut surprised everyone by finishing second in their group in the first stage with 8 wins, 2 draws and 4 losses, qualifying to the elite stage where they were brought back down to earth, losing all 4 matches. This was still an historic achievement for Al-Kut.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Kalaf broke into the first team

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 14 January 2005

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: coach Nassir Maribi.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: earth,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2004–05 season under coach Nassir Maribi.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Al-Basra,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 13

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 14 January 2005,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 14 January 2005,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 14 January 2005,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2004–05 season under coach Nassir Maribi.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 14 January 2005,

text: The source of all daylight is the sun. The proportion of direct to diffuse light impacts the amount and quality of daylight. Solar radiation that reaches a site without being scattered within the earth’s atmosphere is called direct sunlight. In contrast, light that is scattered in the atmosphere is referred to as diffused daylight. Ground reflected light also contributes to the daylight. Each climate has different composition of these daylights and different cloud coverage, so daylighting strategies vary with site locations and climates. There is no direct sunlight on the polar-side wall (north-facing wall in the northern hemisphere and south-facing wall in the southern hemisphere) of a building  from the autumnal equinox to the spring equinox in parts of the globe north of the Tropic of Cancer and in part of the globe south of the Tropic of Capricorn. Traditionally, houses were designed with minimal windows on the polar side but more and larger windows on the equatorial-side (south-facing wall in the northern hemisphere and north-facing wall in the southern hemisphere). Equatorial-side windows receive at least some direct sunlight on any sunny day of the year (except in tropical latitudes in summertime) so they are effective at daylighting areas of the house adjacent to the windows.  Even so, during mid-winter, light incidence is highly directional and casts deep shadows. This may be partially ameliorated through light diffusion, light pipes or tubes, and through somewhat reflective internal surfaces. In fairly low latitudes in summertime, windows that face east and west and sometimes those that face toward the pole receive more sunlight than windows facing toward the equator.

text: The source of all daylight is the

text: sun

text: . The proportion of direct to diffuse light impacts the amount and quality of daylight. Solar radiation that reaches a site without being scattered within the earth’s atmosphere is called direct sunlight. In contrast, light that is scattered in the atmosphere is referred to as diffused daylight. Ground reflected light also contributes to the daylight. Each climate has different composition of these daylights and different cloud coverage, so daylighting strategies vary with site locations and climates. There is no direct sunlight on the polar-side wall (north-facing wall in the

text: northern hemisphere

text: and south-facing wall in the

text: southern hemisphere

text: ) of a building  from the

text: autumnal equinox

text: to the

text: spring equinox

text: in parts of the globe north of the

text: Tropic of Cancer

text: and in part of the globe south of the

text: Tropic of Capricorn

text: . Traditionally, houses were designed with minimal windows on the polar side but more and larger windows on the equatorial-side (south-facing wall in the northern hemisphere and north-facing wall in the southern hemisphere). Equatorial-side windows receive at least some direct sunlight on any sunny day of the year (except in tropical latitudes in summertime) so they are effective at daylighting areas of the house adjacent to the windows.  Even so, during mid-winter, light incidence is highly directional and casts deep shadows. This may be partially ameliorated through

text: light diffusion

text: light pipes or tubes

text: , and through somewhat reflective internal surfaces. In fairly low latitudes in summertime, windows that face east and west and sometimes those that face toward the pole receive more sunlight than windows facing toward the equator.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Tropic of Cancer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: There is no direct sunlight on the polar-side wall

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The source of all daylight is the sun.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: In fairly low latitudes in summertime,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: tropical latitudes

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Equatorial-side windows

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: light incidence is highly directional and casts deep shadows.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: windows receive at least some direct sunlight on any sunny day of the year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equatorial-side

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumnal equinox

text: Clouds increase the global reflection of solar radiation from 15% to 30%, reducing the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the Earth by about 44 W/m². This cooling is offset somewhat by the greenhouse effect of clouds which reduces the outgoing longwave radiation by about 31 W/m².  Thus the net cloud forcing of the radiation budget is a loss of about 13 W/m². If the clouds were removed with all else remaining the same, the Earth would gain this last amount in net radiation and begin to warm up. These numbers should not be confused with the usual radiative forcing concept, which is for the change in forcing related to climate change.

text: Clouds increase the global

text: reflection of solar radiation

text: from 15% to 30%, reducing the amount of

text: solar radiation

text: absorbed by the Earth by about 44 W/m². This cooling is offset somewhat by the

text: greenhouse effect

text: of clouds which reduces the

text: outgoing longwave radiation

text: by about 31 W/m².  Thus the net cloud forcing of the radiation budget is a loss of about 13 W/m². If the clouds were removed with all else remaining the same, the

text: Earth

text: would gain this last amount in net radiation and begin to warm up. These numbers should not be confused with the usual

text: radiative forcing

text: concept, which is for the change in forcing related to

text: climate change

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: longwave

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: reducing the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the Earth by about 44 W/m2

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: This cooling is offset somewhat by the greenhouse effect of clouds

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Clouds increase the global reflection of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Clouds increase the global reflection of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: cooling

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Clouds increase the global reflection of solar radiation from 15% to 30%,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 44 W/m2.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Clouds increase the global reflection of solar radiation from 15% to 30%,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Clouds increase the global reflection of solar radiation from 15% to 30%,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Clouds increase the global reflection of solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 44 W/m2.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Clouds increase the global reflection of solar radiation from 15% to 30%,

text: Because Australia is a small continent, separated from polar regions by the Southern Ocean, it is not subject to the movements of frigid polar air that sweep over Northern Hemisphere continents during winter. Consequently, its winter is relatively mild, so that there isn't the great contrast between summer and winter temperatures there is in the northern continents. Yet in many parts of the country, seasonal highs and lows can be considerable: temperatures have ranged from above  to well below zero. Nonetheless, minimum temperatures are moderated.

text: Because Australia is a small continent, separated from polar regions by the

text: Southern Ocean

text: , it is not subject to the movements of frigid polar air that sweep over

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: continents during winter. Consequently, its winter is relatively mild, so that there isn't the great contrast between summer and winter temperatures there is in the northern continents. Yet in many parts of the country, seasonal highs and lows can be considerable: temperatures have ranged from above  to well below zero. Nonetheless, minimum temperatures are moderated.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Australia is a small continent

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Australia is not subject to the movements

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it isn't the great contrast between summer and winter temperatures

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: it is not subject to the movements of frigid polar air

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Australia

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Australia

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: minimum temperatures are moderated.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: minimum temperatures are moderated.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Australia is a small continent, separated from polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Australia

text: Orbital mechanics require that the length of the seasons be proportional to the swept areas of the seasonal quadrants, so when the eccentricity is extreme, the seasons on the far side of the orbit can last substantially longer.  Today, when autumn and winter in the northern hemisphere occur at closest approach, the earth is moving at its maximum velocity and therefore autumn and winter are slightly shorter than spring and summer.

text: Orbital mechanics require that the length of the seasons be proportional to the swept areas of the seasonal quadrants, so when the eccentricity is extreme, the seasons on the far side of the orbit can last substantially longer.  Today, when autumn and winter in the northern hemisphere occur at closest approach, the earth is moving at its maximum velocity and therefore autumn and winter are slightly shorter than spring and summer.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Orbital mechanics

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the earth is moving at its maximum velocity

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: autumn and winter are slightly shorter than spring and summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Orbital mechanics

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn and winter in the northern hemisphere occur at closest approach,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn and winter are slightly shorter than spring and summer.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: autumn and winter are slightly shorter than spring and summer.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the earth is moving at its maximum velocity

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: autumn and winter are slightly shorter than spring and summer.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring and summer.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: autumn and winter are slightly shorter than spring and summer.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn and winter are slightly shorter than spring and summer.

text: The third season of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles aired in syndication. For most of this season, the Technodrome is located at the Earth's core. Transport modules with drills are used to travel between the Technodrome and the Earth's surface.

text: The third season of

entity_name: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987 TV series)

text: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

text: aired in syndication. For most of this season, the

text: Technodrome

text: is located at the

text: Earth's core

text: . Transport modules with drills are used to travel between the Technodrome and the Earth's surface.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: syndication

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's core

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the Technodrome is located

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: is not mentioned

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Transport modules with drills are used to travel between the Technodrome

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth's core.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The third season of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Technodrome is located at the Earth's core.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's core.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The third season of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the Technodrome is located at the Earth's core.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth's core.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The third season of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

text: On January 1, 2009, The Future is Now (Helios and Dorado) lost their first match together against Team F.I.S.T. (Icarus, Gran Akuma). At the 2009 King of Trios tournament, The Future is Now defeated Team DDT (Kota Ibushi, KUDO and Michael Nakazawa) and The Osirian Portal (Amasis, Ophidian and Escorpion Egipcio) in the first and quarterfinal rounds, respectively, before losing to Team F.I.S.T. (Icarus, Gran Akuma and Chuck Taylor) in the semi-finals. Following the tournament, The Future is Now then began a feud with The Osirian Portal, resulting in Helios defeating Escorpion Egipcio in a singles match at Behind The 8 Ball on April 25 and The Future is Now defeating The Osirian Portal at The Bobliographon event the following day. On the first show of 2010, Lince Dorado turned on Equinox and left the Future is Now to join the new heel stable Bruderschaft des Kreuzes (BDK). In May 2010, during the Aniversario weekend, Helios and Equinox first defeated Dorado and his BDK team mate Tim Donst in a tag team match and then won a four-team elimination match to earn the three points needed in order to challenge for the Campeonatos de Parejas. Helios and Equinox received their title shot on June 27 at Faded Scars and Lines, but were defeated by the defending champions BDK (Ares and Claudio Castagnoli) in two straight falls, after a pre–match assault. The Future is Now came to its end on September 19, 2010, when Olsen left the stable to re–form his old tag team with Colin Delaney. This event also marked Helios' final appearance for Chikara as he began working regularly for both Dragon Gate and Dragon Gate USA.

text: On January 1, 2009, The Future is Now (Helios and Dorado) lost their first match together against Team F.I.S.T. (Icarus,

text: Gran Akuma

text: ). At the

text: 2009 King of Trios tournament

text: , The Future is Now defeated Team

text: DDT

text: Kota Ibushi

text: KUDO

text: and Michael Nakazawa) and

text: The Osirian Portal (Amasis, Ophidian and Escorpion Egipcio)

text: in the first and quarterfinal rounds, respectively, before losing to Team F.I.S.T. (Icarus,

text: Gran Akuma

text: and

text: Chuck Taylor

text: ) in the semi-finals. Following the tournament, The Future is Now then began a

text: feud

text: with The Osirian Portal, resulting in Helios defeating Escorpion Egipcio in a singles match at Behind The 8 Ball on April 25 and The Future is Now defeating The Osirian Portal at The Bobliographon event the following day. On the first show of 2010, Lince Dorado turned on Equinox and left the Future is Now to join the new heel stable

text: Bruderschaft des Kreuzes

text: (BDK). In May 2010, during the Aniversario weekend, Helios and Equinox first defeated Dorado and his BDK team mate Tim Donst in a tag team match and then won a four-team elimination match to earn the three points needed in order to challenge for the

text: Campeonatos de Parejas

text: . Helios and Equinox received their title shot on June 27 at Faded Scars and Lines, but were defeated by the defending champions BDK (

text: Ares

text: and Claudio Castagnoli) in two straight falls, after a pre–match assault. The Future is Now came to its end on September 19, 2010, when Olsen left the stable to re–form his old tag team with Colin Delaney. This event also marked Helios' final appearance for Chikara as he began working regularly for both

text: Dragon Gate

text: and

text: Dragon Gate USA

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Lince Dorado turned on Equinox and left the Future is Now to join the new heel stable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Icarus

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: On the first show of 2010, Lince Dorado turned on Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Aniversario

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Olsen left the stable to re–form his old tag team

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Bobliographon

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Dorado

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Campeonatos de Parejas.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Campeonatos de Parejas.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2010,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Lince Dorado turned on Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Aniversario weekend,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Campeonatos de Parejas.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September 19, 2010,

text: As the orientation of Earth's orbit changes, each season will gradually start earlier in the year. Precession means the Earth's nonuniform motion (see above) will affect different seasons. Winter, for instance, will be in a different section of the orbit. When the Earth's apsides are aligned with the equinoxes, the length of spring and summer combined will equal that of autumn and winter. When they are aligned with the solstices, the difference in the length of these seasons will be greatest.

text: As the orientation of Earth's orbit changes, each season will gradually start earlier in the year. Precession means the Earth's nonuniform motion (see

text: above

text: ) will affect different seasons. Winter, for instance, will be in a different section of the orbit. When the Earth's apsides are aligned with the equinoxes, the length of spring and summer combined will equal that of autumn and winter. When they are aligned with the solstices, the difference in the length of these seasons will be greatest.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Earth's nonuniform motion

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth's apsides are aligned with the equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the difference in the length of these seasons will be greatest

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: equal that of autumn and winter

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the orientation of Earth's orbit changes,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Precession

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the difference in the length of these seasons will be greatest.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the length of spring and summer combined will equal that of autumn and winter.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Precession

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: equinoxes,

text: Mars has an axial tilt and a rotation period similar to those of Earth. Thus it experiences seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter much like Earth, and its day is about the same length. Its year is almost twice as long as Earth's, and its orbital eccentricity is considerably larger, which means among other things that the lengths of various Martian seasons differ considerably, and sundial time can diverge from clock time more than on Earth.

text: Mars has an

text: axial tilt

text: and a rotation period similar to those of Earth. Thus it experiences seasons of

text: spring

text: summer

text: autumn

text: and

text: winter

text: much like Earth, and its day is about the same length. Its year is almost twice as long as Earth's, and its

text: orbital eccentricity

text: is considerably larger, which means among other things that the lengths of various Martian seasons differ considerably, and

text: sundial

text: time can diverge from clock time more than on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mars has an axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter much like Earth

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: its day is about the same length

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: day

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Mars has an axial tilt and a rotation period

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: its day is about the same length.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: sundial time can diverge from clock time

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: its day is about the same length.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sundial time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Mars

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: sundial time can diverge from clock time more than on Earth.

text: October is commonly associated with the season of autumn in the  Northern hemisphere and spring in the Southern hemisphere, where it is the seasonal equivalent to April in the Northern hemisphere and vice versa.

text: October is commonly associated with the season of autumn in the

text: Northern hemisphere

text: and spring in the

text: Southern hemisphere

text: , where it is the seasonal equivalent to April in the

text: Northern hemisphere

text: and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is the seasonal equivalent to April

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: autumn in the Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: spring

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: spring in the Southern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: autumn

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: seasonal equivalent to April in the Northern hemisphere and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: April

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: spring in the Southern hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring in the Southern hemisphere,

text: After the wave of experimental side projects, Coil's sound was completely redefined. Before releasing new material, the group released the compilations Unnatural History II, Windowpane & The Snow and Unnatural History III. In March 1998, Coil began to release a series of four singles which were timed to coincide with the equinox and solstices of that year. The singles are characterized by slow, drone-like instrumental rhythms, and electronic or orchestral instrumentation. The first single, Spring Equinox: Moon's Milk or Under an Unquiet Skull, featured two versions of the same song, the second version of which included an electric viola contribution from a newly inducted member, William Breeze. The second single, Summer Solstice: Bee Stings, also featured performances by Breeze, and also included the industrial-noise song "A Warning from the Sun (For Fritz)", which was dedicated to a friend of Balance and Christopherson's who had committed suicide earlier that year. The third single, Autumn Equinox: Amethyst Deceivers includes the track "Rosa Decidua", which features vocals by Rose McDowall. The single also features the song "Amethyst Deceivers", later reworked and performed throughout most of Coil's tour—it was eventually re-made into an alternate version on the LP The Ape of Naples. The fourth single, Winter Solstice: North, also includes a track sung by McDowall, and is partially credited to the side project Rosa Mundi. The series would later be re-released as the double-CD set, Moon's Milk (In Four Phases).

text: After the wave of experimental side projects, Coil's sound was completely redefined. Before releasing new material, the group released the compilations

text: Unnatural History II

text: Windowpane & The Snow

text: and

text: Unnatural History III

text: . In March 1998, Coil began to release a series of four singles which were timed to coincide with the

text: equinox

text: and

text: solstice

text: s of that year. The singles are characterized by slow, drone-like instrumental rhythms, and electronic or orchestral instrumentation. The first single,

entity_name: Spring Equinox: Moon's Milk or Under an Unquiet Skull

text: Spring Equinox: Moon's Milk or Under an Unquiet Skull

text: , featured two versions of the same song, the second version of which included an

text: electric viola

text: contribution from a newly inducted member,

text: William Breeze

text: . The second single,

text: Summer Solstice: Bee Stings

text: , also featured performances by Breeze, and also included the

text: industrial

text: noise

text: song "A Warning from the Sun (For Fritz)", which was dedicated to a friend of Balance and Christopherson's who had committed suicide earlier that year. The third single,

text: Autumn Equinox: Amethyst Deceivers

text: includes the track "Rosa Decidua", which features vocals by

text: Rose McDowall

text: . The single also features the song "

text: Amethyst Deceivers

text: ", later reworked and performed throughout most of Coil's tour—it was eventually re-made into an alternate version on the LP

text: The Ape of Naples

text: . The fourth single,

text: Winter Solstice: North

text: , also includes a track sung by McDowall, and is partially credited to the side project

text: Rosa Mundi

text: . The series would later be re-released as the double-CD set,

text: Moon's Milk (In Four Phases)

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the equinox and solstices of that year

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: North

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The fourth single, Winter Solstice: North

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: timed to coincide with the equinox and solstices

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinox and solstices of that year.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter Solstice: North,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Winter Solstice: North,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Winter Solstice: North,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: North,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Winter Solstice: North,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: timed to coincide with the equinox and solstices

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winter Solstice:

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Rose McDowall.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Spring Equinox:

text: Telluric currents are phenomena observed in the Earth's crust and mantle. In September 1862, an experiment to specifically address Earth currents was carried out in the Munich Alps (Lamont, 1862). The currents are primarily geomagnetically induced currents, which are induced by changes in the outer part of the Earth's magnetic field, which are usually caused by interactions between the solar wind and the magnetosphere or solar radiation effects on the ionosphere.  Telluric currents flow in the surface layers of the earth. The electric potential on the Earth's surface can be measured at different points, enabling the calculation of the magnitudes and directions of the telluric currents and hence the Earth's conductance. These currents are known to have diurnal characteristics wherein the general direction of flow is towards the sun. Telluric currents continuously move between the sunlit and shadowed sides of the earth, toward the equator on the side of the earth facing the sun (that is, during the day), and toward the poles on the night side of the planet.

text: Telluric currents are phenomena observed in the Earth's

text: crust

text: and

text: mantle

text: . In September 1862, an experiment to specifically address Earth currents was carried out in the Munich Alps (Lamont, 1862). The currents are primarily

text: geomagnetically induced current

text: s, which are induced by changes in the outer part of the

text: Earth's magnetic field

text: , which are usually caused by interactions between the

text: solar wind

text: and the

text: magnetosphere

text: or solar radiation effects on the

text: ionosphere

text: .  Telluric currents flow in the surface layers of the earth. The electric potential on the Earth's surface can be measured at different points, enabling the calculation of the magnitudes and directions of the telluric currents and hence the Earth's

text: conductance

text: . These currents are known to have

text: diurnal

text: characteristics wherein the general direction of flow is towards the sun. Telluric currents continuously move between the sunlit and shadowed sides of the earth, toward the equator on the side of the earth facing the sun (that is, during the day), and toward the poles on the night side of the planet.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes in the outer part of the Earth's magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: ionosphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: toward the poles on the night side of the planet

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: telluric currents continuously move between the sunlit and shadowed sides of the earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: diurnal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: interactions between the solar wind and the magnetosphere

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: night side

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Telluric currents

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Munich Alps

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: toward the poles

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: side of the earth facing the sun

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the general direction of flow is towards the sun.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September 1862,

text: On 19 April 2016, the band announced that they had been working on a collaborative release with In Hearts Wake entitled Equinox. It was recorded in Sydney with producer Will Putney. The EP features three songs: "Refuge", "Equinox" and "Hologram" and was released on 20 April, through UNFD. The band have stated that they will be playing all songs live on the Equinox tour, co-headlined by In Hearts Wake and supported by Hands Like Houses. Since their European tour of early 2016, the band have changed their stage appearance in an effort to make themselves look more unique. They now all wear black with a few individual differences. Jon wears an anti pollution mask, as well as large black contact lenses, Alex wears long cloak-ish clothing, Nic wears a hooded jacket and infrequently, also a mask, but Josh and Marcus simply wear black. Everyone, with the exception of Marcus and Nic, wear black makeup on their faces, necks and hands.

text: On 19 April 2016, the band announced that they had been working on a collaborative release with

text: In Hearts Wake

text: entitled Equinox. It was recorded in Sydney with producer Will Putney. The EP features three songs: "Refuge", "Equinox" and "Hologram" and was released on 20 April, through UNFD. The band have stated that they will be playing all songs live on the Equinox tour, co-headlined by In Hearts Wake and supported by

text: Hands Like Houses

text: . Since their European tour of early 2016, the band have changed their stage appearance in an effort to make themselves look more unique. They now all wear black with a few individual differences. Jon wears an anti pollution mask, as well as large black contact lenses, Alex wears long cloak-ish clothing, Nic wears a hooded jacket and infrequently, also a mask, but Josh and Marcus simply wear black. Everyone, with the exception of Marcus and Nic, wear black makeup on their faces, necks and hands.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: since their European tour of early 2016, the band have changed their stage appearance in an effort to make themselves look more unique

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sydney

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: they will be playing all songs live on the Equinox tour

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: effort to make themselves look more unique.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Sydney

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sydney

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Everyone, with the exception of Marcus and Nic, wear black makeup

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Equinox.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Equinox.

text: The Earth receives a total amount of radiation determined by its cross section (π·R²), but as it rotates this energy is distributed across the entire surface area (4·π·R²). Hence the average incoming solar radiation, taking into account the angle at which the rays strike and that at any one moment half the planet does not receive any solar radiation, is one-fourth the solar constant (approximately 340 W/m²). The amount reaching the Earth's surface (as insolation) is further reduced by atmospheric attenutation, which varies.  At any given moment, the amount of solar radiation received at a location on the Earth's surface depends on the state of the atmosphere, the location's latitude, and the time of day.

text: The Earth receives a total amount of radiation determined by its cross section (π·R²), but as it rotates this energy is distributed across the entire

text: surface area

text: (4·π·R²). Hence the average incoming solar radiation, taking into account the angle at which the rays strike and that at any one moment half the planet does not receive any solar radiation, is one-fourth the solar constant (approximately 340 W/m²). The amount reaching the Earth's surface (as

text: insolation

text: ) is further reduced by atmospheric attenutation, which varies.  At any given moment, the amount of solar radiation received at a location on the Earth's surface depends on the state of the atmosphere, the location's

text: latitude

text: , and the time of day.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the state of the atmosphere, the location's latitude, and the time of day

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: half the planet does not receive any solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: at any one moment half the planet does not receive any solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: time of day

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: rotates

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: half the planet does not receive any solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 340 W/m2).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 340 W/m2).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 340 W/m2). The amount reaching the Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: half the planet does not receive any solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: half the planet does not receive any solar radiation,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: At any given moment,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earth receives a total amount of radiation determined by its cross section

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 340 W/m2).

text: A partial solar eclipse will occur on March 11, 2062. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: will occur on March 11, 2062. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse will occur on March 11, 2062.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March 11, 2062.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March 11, 2062.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: A partial solar eclipse will occur on March 11, 2062.

text: The release of "Equinox" was delayed until 1964 when Atlantic issued the album Coltrane’s Sound. Before he recorded it, Coltrane performed "Equinox" several times in live venues, including a session with Miles Davis’ rhythm section and at the 1960 Monterey Jazz Festival. Unfortunately, the other Atlantic recordings of "Equinox" were lost in the 1978 warehouse fire before they were released. Unlike Naima and My Favorite Things, Equinox would not become part of Coltrane’s repertoire.

text: The release of "Equinox" was delayed until 1964 when Atlantic issued the album Coltrane’s Sound. Before he recorded it, Coltrane performed "Equinox" several times in live venues, including a session with Miles Davis’ rhythm section and at the 1960 Monterey Jazz Festival. Unfortunately, the other Atlantic recordings of "Equinox" were lost in the 1978 warehouse fire before they were released. Unlike

text: Naima

text: and

text: My Favorite Things

text: , Equinox would not become part of Coltrane’s repertoire.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The release of "Equinox" was delayed until 1964

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Monterey

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Monterey Jazz Festival

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the release of "Equinox" was delayed until 1964

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Monterey

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Equinox would not become part of Coltrane’s repertoire.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "Equinox"

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: "Equinox"

text: Perhaps one of the most apparent factors contributing to Earth climate change is the angle at which the earth is tilted. This is the angle at which Earth’s axis of rotation is from the vertical, also known as Earth’s obliquity. Earth’s current tilt angle is approximately 23.5 degrees. The axial tilt angle affects climate largely by determining which parts of the earth get more sunlight during different stages of the year. This is the primary cause for the different seasons Earth experiences throughout the year, as well as the intensity of the seasons for higher latitudes. For example, in the Northern Hemisphere, if there were no axial tilt, i.e. Earth’s obliquity would be zero degrees, then there would be no change in the seasons from year to year. This would be because there would be no difference in the amount of solar irradiation received, year-round, anywhere on Earth. On the other hand, if Earth’s axial tilt angle was great (45+ degrees), the seasonality of each hemisphere, individually, would be highly exaggerated. Summers would be extremely hot, with substantially more hours of daylight than night each day. Winters would be extremely cold, with substantially more hours of night than daylight each day. This is because, during summer for the northern hemisphere, if the earth is tilted more (pointed towards the sun more), there would be more available hours in which the suns rays can strike any certain place, thereby increasing the number of daylight hours at any given place, with more and more daylight hours at higher latitudes. Also, because the northern hemisphere would be tilted much more towards the sun, it would be physically closer to the sun, thereby increasing the intensity of the sun’s rays hitting the northern hemisphere, thereby causing the northern hemisphere to become hotter. Likewise, during winter for the northern hemisphere, there would be fewer hours of daylight because the northern hemisphere would essentially be pointed away from the sun. Fewer daylight hours means less solar radiation hitting the northern hemisphere, especially at higher latitudes, and therefore causing the northern hemisphere to become colder. The same things can also be said about the southern hemisphere, particularly at high latitudes. In either case, the climate around the equator is not affected nearly as much as the higher latitudes, thereby creating a sizable difference in how obliquity affects different latitudes. This is all, of course, dependent on what the actual tilt angle is at any given point in time. The thing is, though, that Earth does in fact change obliquity over time in a cyclic pattern. Earth’s obliquity does not change much, though, as obliquity has been determined to cycle between the small range of 22.2 degrees to 24.5 degrees, in a cycle that lasts approximately 41,000 years. Therefore with the small tilt variation over time, the Earth has always been thought to have had a seasonal climate, at least in the high latitudes due to the solar affect of changing Earth obliquity.

text: Perhaps one of the most apparent factors contributing to Earth climate change is the angle at which the earth is tilted. This is the angle at which Earth’s axis of rotation is from the vertical, also known as Earth’s obliquity. Earth’s current tilt angle is approximately 23.5 degrees. The axial tilt angle affects climate largely by determining which parts of the earth get more sunlight during different stages of the year. This is the primary cause for the different

text: seasons

text: Earth experiences throughout the year, as well as the intensity of the seasons for higher

text: latitude

text: s. For example, in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , if there were no axial tilt, i.e. Earth’s obliquity would be zero degrees, then there would be no change in the seasons from year to year. This would be because there would be no difference in the amount of

text: solar irradiation

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth’s axial tilt angle

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winters

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: how many hours of daylight does the northern hemisphere have

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth’s axial tilt angle is approximately 23.5 degrees

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Summers

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The axial tilt angle

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth’s obliquity.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Winters

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: higher latitudes.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cold,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: there would be fewer hours of daylight

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Winters

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: (45+ degrees),

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: northern hemisphere,

text: The Earth's magnetic field is responsible for the formation of the trapped radiation belts that surround Earth.  The ISS orbits at between  and , known as a Low Earth Orbit (LEO).  Trapped radiation doses in LEO decrease during solar maximum and increase during solar minimum.  Highest exposures occur in the South Atlantic Anomaly region.

text: The Earth's

text: magnetic field

text: is responsible for the formation of the trapped radiation belts that surround Earth.  The ISS orbits at between  and , known as a Low Earth Orbit (LEO).  Trapped radiation doses in LEO decrease during

text: solar maximum

text: and increase during

text: solar minimum

text: .  Highest exposures occur in the

text: South Atlantic Anomaly

text: region.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Earth's magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar maximum

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: South Atlantic Anomaly

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar minimum

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The Earth's magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solar maximum

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Trapped radiation doses in LEO decrease during solar maximum

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: South Atlantic Anomaly

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: South Atlantic Anomaly region.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: increase during solar minimum.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: increase during solar minimum.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: solar maximum

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earth's magnetic field

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: South Atlantic Anomaly region.

text: Because 2009 BD is a very small multi-opposition near-Earth object, the effect of radiation pressure on the orbit caused by light from the Sun was able to be detected. The radiation-related acceleration allowed the Area to Mass Ratio (AMR) to be estimated at (2.97 ± 0.33) × 10 m/kg. Assuming an albedo of 0.12, a typical average for asteroids in the inner solar system, this AMR corresponds to a density of about 640 kg/m. This density is consistent with the density of very porous rock. For comparison, the asteroid 2006 RH120 has a measured density of about 400 kg/m, and the density of the asteroid 253 Mathilde as measured by the NEAR-Shoemaker space probe was 1300 kg/m. In contrast, the density of the man-made near-Earth object 6Q0B44E is 15 kg/m.

text: Because 2009 BD is a very small multi-opposition near-Earth object, the effect of

text: radiation pressure

text: on the orbit caused by light from the Sun was able to be detected. The radiation-related acceleration allowed the Area to Mass Ratio (AMR) to be estimated at (2.97 ± 0.33) × 10 m/kg. Assuming an

text: albedo

text: of 0.12, a typical average for asteroids in the inner solar system, this AMR corresponds to a density of about 640 kg/m. This density is consistent with the density of very porous rock. For comparison, the asteroid

text: 2006 RH120

text: has a measured density of about 400 kg/m, and the density of the asteroid

text: 253 Mathilde

text: as measured by the

text: NEAR-Shoemaker

text: space probe was 1300 kg/m. In contrast, the density of the man-made near-Earth object

text: is 15 kg/m.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: light from the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the inner solar system

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2009 BD was able to be detected

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: opposition

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: light from the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: multi-opposition

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2009 BD is a very small multi-opposition near-Earth

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 2009 BD

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sun

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2009 BD

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2009 BD is a very small multi-opposition near-Earth

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2009 BD is a very small multi-opposition

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2009 BD

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2009 BD

text: The season marks the first appearance of the Master who goes on to make further appearances through the season in every serial as the main antagonist who is finally captured at the end of the season. Colony in Space was the first serial set away from Earth since The War Games at the end of Season 6, and came about as a result of producer Barry Letts' feeling that the Earthbound stories of the Doctor's exile were too limiting in terms of potential plotting.

text: The season marks the first appearance of the Master who goes on to make further appearances through the season in every serial as the main antagonist who is finally captured at the end of the season.

text: Colony in Space

text: was the first serial set away from Earth since

text: The War Games

text: at the end of

text: Season 6

text: , and came about as a result of producer

text: Barry Letts

text: ' feeling that the Earthbound stories of the Doctor's exile were too limiting in terms of potential plotting.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Earthbound stories of the Doctor's exile were too limiting in terms of potential plotting

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earthbound

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The War Games

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: too limiting in terms of potential plotting.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Master

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 6,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Colony in Space

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Space

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Master

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The season marks the first appearance of the Master

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 6,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 6,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 6,

text: Boccaccini sees the 3½ years as ending at the spring equinox (equinoxes and solstices were important markers of the seasons in the solar calendar), to be followed by 30 days to complete the 1,290 days (the month of Passover), and an additional 45 days to reach the 15th of Sivan, the purported day of Shavuot. For those who refused to forsake the covenant, this would be the day the covenant would be renewed and the expected blessings would be realized.

text: Boccaccini sees the 3½ years as ending at the spring equinox (equinoxes and solstices were important markers of the seasons in the solar calendar), to be followed by 30 days to complete the 1,290 days (the month of Passover), and an additional 45 days to reach the 15th of Sivan, the purported day of Shavuot. For those who refused to forsake the covenant, this would be the day the covenant would be renewed and the expected blessings would be realized.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: important markers of the seasons in the solar calendar

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: important markers of the seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: (equinoxes and solstices were important markers

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 30 days to complete the 1,290 days (the month of Passover),

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: important markers of the seasons in the solar calendar),

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: spring equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: spring equinox

text: The observatory building was sited on a dome-shaped hill adjoining the road. Jones explained in 1937 that the building was designed to enable maximum comfort under the climatic conditions. The observatory was built of fibro-cement for roof and walls, open to the north and east for light and air passage, and closed to the south and west, where double walls kept out the cold and hot winds. There were verandahs along the east and north elevations. The building consisted of a large computing room and a laboratory and provision was made for additions when required at the south-east corner. Sited near the observatory were Jones' deep earth temperature pits, consisting of drilled holes lined with clay pipes, from which he took temperature readings at varying depths up to 10.67 metres (35 feet) below the earth's surface. These observations were designed to ascertain the "solar constant of radiation". Temperature readings were also taken from the nearby Crohamhurst Creek. A Stevenson screen (a vented box) housed instruments such as a thermometer for measuring temperature, barometer for measuring barometric pressure and hygrometer for measuring humidity. Three telescopes were used for solar observation.

text: The observatory building was sited on a dome-shaped hill adjoining the road. Jones explained in 1937 that the building was designed to enable maximum comfort under the climatic conditions. The observatory was built of fibro-cement for roof and walls, open to the north and east for light and air passage, and closed to the south and west, where double walls kept out the cold and hot winds. There were verandahs along the east and north elevations. The building consisted of a large computing room and a laboratory and provision was made for additions when required at the south-east corner. Sited near the observatory were Jones' deep earth temperature pits, consisting of drilled holes lined with clay pipes, from which he took temperature readings at varying depths up to 10.67 metres (35 feet) below the earth's surface. These observations were designed to ascertain the "solar constant of radiation". Temperature readings were also taken from the nearby Crohamhurst Creek. A

text: Stevenson screen

text: (a vented box) housed instruments such as a thermometer for measuring temperature, barometer for measuring barometric pressure and hygrometer for measuring humidity. Three telescopes were used for solar observation.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: double walls kept out the cold and hot winds

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: when was the observatory built

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: open to the north and east for light and air passage

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: double walls kept out the cold and hot winds.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "solar constant of radiation".

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: cold and hot winds.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Crohamhurst Creek.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 10.67 metres (35 feet) below the earth's surface.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Three telescopes were used for solar observation.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Three telescopes were used for solar observation.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "solar constant of radiation".

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Three telescopes were used for solar observation.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Three telescopes

text: The FOI was founded at Huntington Castle, Co. Carlow, Ireland at the Vernal Equinox of 1976. The three co-founders were Olivia Robertson  and her brother, Lawrence Durdin-Robertson (grandchildren of Thomas Herbert Robertson) and Lawrence's wife Pamela. Their aim was to create a fellowship to "help the Goddess actively in the manifestation of Her divine plan." Olivia has described Isis as "God in female form."  The FOI grew out of a "working group" created in 1963 called the Huntington Castle Centre for Meditation and Study. This Centre was active in gathering together various occult and theological figures such as Ross Nichols, Josephine and Mohun Lall, and Gerald Gough. The experiences shared within this group, along with the personal spiritual revelations and experiences of the three FOI co-founders led to the eventual founding of the Fellowship of Isis on the Vernal Equinox, 1976. From 1976 until the early 1990s, the group steadily grew.

text: The FOI was founded at

text: Huntington Castle

text: , Co. Carlow, Ireland at the

text: Vernal Equinox

text: of 1976. The three co-founders were

text: Olivia Robertson

text: and her brother, Lawrence Durdin-Robertson (grandchildren of

text: Thomas Herbert Robertson

text: ) and Lawrence's wife Pamela. Their aim was to create a fellowship to "help the

text: Goddess

text: actively in the manifestation of Her divine plan." Olivia has described Isis as "God in female form."  The FOI grew out of a "working group" created in 1963 called the Huntington Castle Centre for Meditation and Study. This Centre was active in gathering together various occult and theological figures such as

text: Ross Nichols

text: , Josephine and Mohun Lall, and Gerald Gough. The experiences shared within this group, along with the personal spiritual revelations and experiences of the three FOI co-founders led to the eventual founding of the Fellowship of Isis on the Vernal Equinox, 1976. From 1976 until the early 1990s, the group steadily grew.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: "help the Goddess actively in the manifestation of Her divine plan."

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Huntington Castle, Co. Carlow, Ireland

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Ireland at the Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Vernal Equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Vernal Equinox

text: This day marks the approximate midpoint of winter in the Northern Hemisphere and of summer in the Southern Hemisphere (starting the season at the December solstice).

text: This day marks the approximate midpoint of winter in the Northern Hemisphere and of summer in the Southern Hemisphere (starting the season at the December solstice).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: December solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: midpoint of winter and summer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: December solstice).

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: December solstice).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: December solstice).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: midpoint of winter in the Northern Hemisphere and of summer

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer in the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: December solstice).

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: December solstice).

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer in the Southern Hemisphere

text: The Arctic consists of ocean that is largely surrounded by land. As such, the climate of much of the Arctic is moderated by the ocean water, which can never have a temperature below −2 °C (28 °F).  In winter, this relatively warm water, even though covered by the polar ice pack, keeps the North Pole from being the coldest place in the Northern Hemisphere, and it is also part of the reason that Antarctica is so much colder than the Arctic. In summer, the presence of the nearby water keeps coastal areas from warming as much as they might otherwise.

text: The Arctic consists of ocean that is largely surrounded by land. As such, the climate of much of the Arctic is moderated by the ocean water, which can never have a temperature below −2 °C (28 °F).  In winter, this relatively warm water, even though covered by the

text: polar ice pack

text: , keeps the

text: North Pole

text: from being the coldest place in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: , and it is also part of the reason that

text: Antarctica

text: is so much colder than the Arctic. In summer, the presence of the nearby water keeps coastal areas from warming as much as they might otherwise.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the presence of the nearby water keeps coastal areas from warming as much as they might otherwise

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Antarctica

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Arctic consists of ocean that is largely surrounded by land

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is also part of the reason that Antarctica is so much colder than the Arctic

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the climate of much of the Arctic is moderated by the ocean water,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: winter,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: In summer, the presence of the nearby water keeps coastal areas from warming

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Antarctica is so much colder than the Arctic.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Antarctica

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: warm water, even though covered by the polar ice pack,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: <unk>2 °C

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: winter,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar ice pack,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2 °C

text: In some cultures in the Northern Hemisphere, the astronomical Vernal equinox (varying between 19 and 21 March) is taken to mark the first day of spring, and the Summer solstice (around 21 June) is taken as the first day of summer. In other traditions, the equinox is taken as mid-spring.

text: In some cultures in the Northern Hemisphere, the astronomical

text: Vernal equinox

text: (varying between 19 and 21 March) is taken to mark the first day of spring, and the

text: Summer solstice

text: (around 21 June) is taken as the first day of summer. In other traditions, the equinox is taken as mid-spring.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it is taken as mid-spring

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: astronomical

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northern Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Vernal equinox (varying between 19 and 21 March)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: In other traditions, the equinox is taken as mid-spring.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 19 and 21 March)

text: In this equation, “a” is the ellipse’s semi-major axis (half of the longest diameter of the ellipse), and “b” is the ellipse’s semi-minor axis (half of the shortest diameter of the ellipse). Thus, for example, if summer and winter are on the part of the orbital ellipse that is furthest away from the sun, then Earth will have the least yearly solar radiation received during those two seasons, and the most yearly solar irradiation received during spring and autumn. With this difference in solar irradiation received, climate should noticeably change throughout the year, each year. Currently, Earth’s eccentricity is approximately 0.0167, which is closer to the circular side of the eccentricity range Earth cycles through. Earth’s eccentricity has always varied over time, and varies within the range of 0.005 to 0.0607 in one eccentricity cycle with a time period of about 100,000 years. There is another eccentricity cycle with a period of approximately 413,000 years, however, it’s primarily only noticed as small variations within the 100,000 year eccentricity cycle. When this climate effect is considered with Earth’s obliquity, they merge to offset the magnitude fraction of solar irradiation received in a given hemisphere, thus wonderfully adding to the complexity of the Earth climate system.

text: In this equation, “a” is the ellipse’s semi-major axis (half of the longest diameter of the ellipse), and “b” is the ellipse’s semi-minor axis (half of the shortest diameter of the ellipse). Thus, for example, if summer and winter are on the part of the orbital ellipse that is furthest away from the sun, then Earth will have the least yearly solar radiation received during those two seasons, and the most yearly solar irradiation received during spring and autumn. With this difference in solar irradiation received, climate should noticeably change throughout the year, each year. Currently, Earth’s eccentricity is approximately 0.0167, which is closer to the circular side of the eccentricity range Earth cycles through. Earth’s eccentricity has always varied over time, and varies within the range of 0.005 to 0.0607 in one eccentricity cycle with a time period of about 100,000 years. There is another eccentricity cycle with a period of approximately 413,000 years, however, it’s primarily only noticed as small variations within the 100,000 year eccentricity cycle. When this climate effect is considered with Earth’s obliquity, they merge to offset the magnitude fraction of solar irradiation received in a given hemisphere, thus wonderfully adding to the complexity of the Earth climate system.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth’s eccentricity

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: spring and autumn

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth will have the least yearly solar radiation received

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Earth’s eccentricity has always varied over time

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: obliquity

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: furthest away from the sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: obliquity,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth will have the least yearly solar radiation received during those two seasons,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: summer and winter

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: spring and autumn.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth will have the least yearly solar radiation received

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring and autumn.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: obliquity,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: furthest away from the sun,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn.

text: Alishan has a subtropical highland climate (Köppen: Cwb) with extremely wet and mild conditions during the monsoon season when the town receives  of rain in five months, and cool and drier conditions during the winter months. Temperatures remain relatively constant throughout the year, with only noticeably cooler temperatures during the winter months of December to February of the following year. When typhoons hit Taiwan during the wet season, rainfall in highland locations like Alishan can exceed  per day, which is the heaviest rainfall in the Northern Hemisphere and exceeded only in a few oceanic islands of the Southern Hemisphere such as Réunion.

text: Alishan has a

text: subtropical highland climate

text: Köppen

text: : Cwb) with extremely wet and mild conditions during the

text: monsoon

text: season when the town receives  of rain in five months, and cool and drier conditions during the winter months. Temperatures remain relatively constant throughout the year, with only noticeably cooler temperatures during the winter months of December to February of the following year. When

text: typhoon

text: s hit Taiwan during the wet season, rainfall in highland locations like Alishan can exceed  per day, which is the heaviest rainfall in the Northern Hemisphere and exceeded only in a few oceanic islands of the Southern Hemisphere such as

text: Réunion

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: subtropical highland climate

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December to February of the year

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: temperatures remain relatively constant throughout the year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: monsoon season when the town receives of rain in five months,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: monsoon season

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: cool and drier conditions during the winter months.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Temperatures

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: cooler temperatures

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Temperatures remain relatively constant throughout the year,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: year,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: cool and drier conditions during the winter months.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: December to February of the following

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on November 2, 1910. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on November 2, 1910. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on November 2, 1910.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 2, 1910.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: November 2, 1910.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November 2, 1910.

text: Punjabis continue to practice their Punjabi folk religion. Respect to the seasons and the natural elements of fire, wind, water and the earth is very important. In the Punjab region, the year is divided into six seasons. The Punjabi months of Maghar and Poh represent the "hemant" season when Winter is at its height.  Lohri is celebrated on the last day of Poh and therefore, is a festival dedicated to the end of the Winter season,  whereas Teej (known as Teeyan in Punjabi) is dedicated to the rain/Monsoon season and Basant Festival is dedicated to the Spring season. Lohri is a Punjabi festival celebrated by all faiths of the Punjab region.

text: Punjabis continue to practice their

text: Punjabi folk religion

text: . Respect to the seasons and the natural elements of fire, wind, water and the earth is very important. In the

text: Punjab region

text: , the year is divided into six seasons. The Punjabi months of

text: Maghar

text: and

text: Poh

text: represent the "hemant" season when Winter is at its height.  Lohri is celebrated on the last day of

text: Poh

text: and therefore, is a festival dedicated to the end of the Winter season,  whereas

text: Teej

text: (known as

text: Teeyan

text: in Punjabi) is dedicated to the rain/

text: Monsoon

text: season and

text: Basant Festival

text: is dedicated to the Spring season. Lohri is a Punjabi festival celebrated by all faiths of the

text: Punjab region

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: natural elements

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Winter

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: No

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Punjab region

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Poh

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: is celebrated on the last day of Poh

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Basant

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the natural elements of fire, wind, water and the earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "hemant"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Teej

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: six seasons.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Winter

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Lohri is celebrated on the last day of Poh

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Basant Festival is dedicated to the Spring season.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: "hemant" season

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Respect to the seasons

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Spring

text: This day marks the approximate midpoint of summer in the Northern Hemisphere and of winter in the Southern Hemisphere (starting the season at the June solstice).

text: This day marks the approximate midpoint of summer in the

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: and of winter in the

text: Southern Hemisphere

text: (starting the season at the June solstice).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter in the southern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: summer in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: June solstice).

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: June solstice).

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: June solstice).

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: June solstice).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter in the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (starting the season at the June solstice).

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: June solstice).

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: June solstice).

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: June solstice).

text: Changes in the orbital eccentricity of Earth occur on a cycle of about 100,000 years. The inclination, or tilt, of Earth's axis varies periodically between 22° and 24.5°. (The tilt of Earth's axis is responsible for the seasons; the greater the tilt, the greater the contrast between summer and winter temperatures.) Changes in the tilt occur in a cycle 41,000 years long. Precession of the equinoxes, or wobbles on Earth's spin axis, complete every 21,700 years. According to the Milankovitch theory, these factors cause a periodic cooling of Earth, with the coldest part in the cycle occurring about every 40,000 years. The main effect of the Milankovitch cycles is to change the contrast between the seasons, not the amount of solar heat Earth receives. These cycles within cycles predict that during maximum glacial advances, winter and summer temperatures are lower. The result is less ice melting than accumulating, and glaciers build up.

text: Changes in the

text: orbital eccentricity

text: of Earth occur on a cycle of about 100,000 years. The

text: inclination

text: , or tilt, of Earth's axis varies periodically between 22° and 24.5°. (The tilt of Earth's axis is responsible for the

text: season

text: s; the greater the tilt, the greater the contrast between summer and winter temperatures.) Changes in the tilt occur in a cycle 41,000 years long.

text: Precession of the equinoxes

text: , or wobbles on Earth's spin axis, complete every 21,700 years. According to the Milankovitch theory, these factors cause a periodic cooling of Earth, with the coldest part in the cycle occurring about every 40,000 years. The main effect of the Milankovitch cycles is to change the contrast between the seasons, not the amount of solar heat Earth receives. These cycles within cycles predict that during maximum glacial advances, winter and summer temperatures are lower. The result is less ice melting than accumulating, and

text: glacier

text: s build up.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The tilt of Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: temperatures are lower

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: wobbles on Earth's spin axis

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: (The tilt of Earth's axis

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Precession of the equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the greater the tilt, the greater the contrast between summer and winter temperatures.)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: winter and summer temperatures are lower.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter and summer temperatures are lower.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: complete every 21,700 years.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The inclination, or tilt,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 21,700 years.

text: The effect of axial tilt is observable as the change in day length and altitude of the Sun at noon (the culmination of the Sun) during a year. The low angle of Sun during the winter months means that incoming rays of solar radiation are spread over a larger area of the Earth's surface, so the light received is more indirect and of lower intensity. Between this effect and the shorter daylight hours, the axial tilt of the Earth accounts for most of the seasonal variation in climate in both hemispheres.

text: The effect of axial tilt is observable as the change in

text: day length

text: and

text: altitude

text: of the Sun at

text: noon

text: (the

text: culmination

text: of the Sun) during a

text: year

text: . The low angle of Sun during the winter months means that incoming rays of solar radiation are

text: spread over a larger area of the Earth's surface

text: , so the light received is more indirect and of lower intensity. Between this effect and the shorter daylight hours, the axial tilt of the Earth accounts for most of the seasonal variation in climate in both hemispheres.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the axial tilt of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: larger area of the Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The low angle of Sun during the winter months

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: change in day length and altitude of the Sun at noon

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: noon

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the axial tilt of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: low angle

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The low angle of Sun during the winter months

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: winter months

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: axial tilt

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The low angle of Sun

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: (the culmination of the Sun) during a year.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: noon

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The low angle of Sun

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: year.

text: Cases have been described to occur late in the enterovirus season (roughly the period of time between the spring equinox and autumn equinox), which is typically during August and September in the Northern Hemisphere.

text: Cases have been described to occur late in the enterovirus season (roughly the period of time between the spring equinox and autumn equinox), which is typically during August and September in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: equinoxes

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: spring equinox and autumn equinox),

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: autumn equinox),

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: August and September in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: spring equinox and autumn equinox),

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: August and September

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: spring equinox and autumn equinox),

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: autumn equinox),

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: August and September in the Northern Hemisphere.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: autumn equinox),

text: In February 2012, Cassidy landed the lead role of Laurel Lance/Black Canary in The CW's series Arrow, which is based on the Green Arrow comic books. The series premiered on October 10, 2012. Cassidy left the show after her character was killed off in episode 18 of the fourth season on April 6, 2016. On May 17, 2016, she guest-starred in the second season of the spin-off series The Flash as the metahuman Black Siren, Laurel's Earth-2 doppelgänger. On July 23, 2016, it was announced that Cassidy had signed a deal with Warner Bros. to appear across multiple CW shows, including Arrow, The Flash, and Legends of Tomorrow.

text: In February 2012, Cassidy landed the lead role of

text: Laurel Lance/Black Canary

text: in The CW's series

text: Arrow

text: , which is based on the

text: Green Arrow

text: comic books. The series premiered on October 10, 2012. Cassidy left the show after her character was killed off in episode 18 of the fourth season on April 6, 2016. On May 17, 2016, she guest-starred in the second season of the spin-off series

text: The Flash

text: as the

text: metahuman

text: Black Siren, Laurel's

text: doppelgänger. On July 23, 2016, it was announced that Cassidy had signed a deal with

text: Warner Bros.

text: to appear across multiple CW shows, including Arrow, The Flash, and

text: Legends of Tomorrow

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: based on the Green Arrow comic books

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October 10, 2012

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: October 10, 2012

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: based on the Green Arrow comic books.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: October 10, 2012.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth-2

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October 10, 2012.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: October 10, 2012.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: October 10, 2012.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Arrow, which is based on the Green Arrow comic books.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: October 10, 2012.

text: Uranus exhibits a considerable seasonal variation over its 84 year orbit. It is generally brighter near solstices and dimmer at equinoxes. The variations are largely caused by changes in the viewing geometry: a bright polar region comes into view near solstices, while the dark equator is visible near equinoxes. Still there exist some intrinsic variations of the reflectivity of the atmosphere: periodically fading and brightening polar caps as well as appearing and disappearing polar collars.

text: Uranus exhibits a considerable seasonal variation over its 84 year orbit. It is generally brighter near solstices and dimmer at equinoxes. The variations are largely caused by changes in the viewing geometry: a bright polar region comes into view near solstices, while the dark equator is visible near equinoxes. Still there exist some intrinsic variations of the reflectivity of the atmosphere: periodically fading and brightening polar caps as well as appearing and disappearing polar collars.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes in the viewing geometry

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: brighter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: dimmer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: changes in the viewing geometry:

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstices

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: solstices and dimmer at equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: dark equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: brighter

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: dimmer

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinoxes.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Uranus

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: solstices and dimmer at equinoxes.

text: However, there are some reasons to believe that seasonal changes are happening in Uranus. Although Uranus is known to have a bright south polar region, the north pole is fairly dim, which is incompatible with the model of the seasonal change outlined above. During its previous northern solstice in 1944, Uranus displayed elevated levels of brightness, which suggests that the north pole was not always so dim. This information implies that the visible pole brightens some time before the solstice and darkens after the equinox. Detailed analysis of the visible and microwave data revealed that the periodical changes of brightness are not completely symmetrical around the solstices, which also indicates a change in the albedo patterns. In addition, the microwave data showed increases in pole–equator contrast after the 1986 solstice. Finally in the 1990s, as Uranus moved away from its solstice, Hubble and ground based telescopes revealed that the south polar cap darkened noticeably (except the southern collar, which remained bright), whereas the northern hemisphere demonstrated increasing activity, such as cloud formations and stronger winds, having bolstered expectations that it would brighten soon. In particular, an analog of the bright polar collar present in its southern hemisphere at −45° was expected to appear in its northern part. This indeed happened in 2007 when Uranus passed an equinox: a faint northern polar collar arose, whereas the southern collar became nearly invisible, although the zonal wind profile remained asymmetric, with northern winds being slightly slower than southern.

text: However, there are some reasons to believe that seasonal changes are happening in Uranus. Although Uranus is known to have a bright south polar region, the north pole is fairly dim, which is incompatible with the model of the seasonal change outlined above. During its previous northern solstice in 1944, Uranus displayed elevated levels of brightness, which suggests that the north pole was not always so dim. This information implies that the visible pole brightens some time before the solstice and darkens after the

text: equinox

text: . Detailed analysis of the

text: visible

text: and

text: microwave

text: data revealed that the periodical changes of brightness are not completely symmetrical around the solstices, which also indicates a change in the

text: albedo

text: patterns. In addition, the microwave data showed increases in pole–equator contrast after the 1986 solstice. Finally in the 1990s, as Uranus moved away from its

text: solstice

text: Hubble

text: and ground based telescopes revealed that the south polar cap darkened noticeably (except the southern collar, which remained bright), whereas the northern hemisphere demonstrated increasing activity, such as cloud formations and stronger winds, having bolstered expectations that it would brighten soon. In particular, an analog of the bright

text: polar

text: collar present in its southern hemisphere at −45° was expected to appear in its northern part. This indeed happened in 2007 when Uranus passed an equinox: a faint northern polar collar arose, whereas the southern collar became nearly invisible, although the zonal wind profile remained asymmetric, with northern winds being slightly slower than southern.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: change in the albedo patterns

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: During its previous northern solstice in 1944, Uranus displayed elevated levels of brightness

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: brightens some time before the solstice and darkens after the equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a change in the albedo patterns.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seasonal changes are happening in Uranus.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: north pole is fairly dim,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: pole–equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Uranus displayed elevated levels of brightness,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: darkens after the equinox.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: the northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: northern solstice

text: Most Anthidium species are leaf-cutting bees who use conifer resin, plant hairs, earth, or a combination of these as material for the nest walls. Their abdominal bands are usually interrupted in the middle. There is no lobe (arolium) between their claws. Anthidium manicatum is commonly known as the wool carder bee which uses comblike mandibles to "comb" plant fibers into its brood cell walls. It has spread from Europe to North and South America. The males are much larger (ca. 18 mm) than the females (ca.12 mm) which is not uncommon among Megachilidae, but very rare among other bee families (e.g., the true honey bees, genus Apis). The males also have three "thorns" at their abdominal apex which they use as weapons when defending their territory.

text: Most Anthidium species are leaf-cutting bees who use conifer resin, plant hairs, earth, or a combination of these as material for the nest walls. Their abdominal bands are usually interrupted in the middle. There is no lobe (

text: arolium

text: ) between their claws.

text: Anthidium manicatum

text: is commonly known as the wool carder bee which uses comblike mandibles to "comb" plant fibers into its brood cell walls. It has spread from Europe to North and South America. The males are much larger (ca. 18 mm) than the females (ca.12 mm) which is not uncommon among Megachilidae, but very rare among other bee families (e.g., the true

text: honey bee

text: s, genus Apis). The males also have three "thorns" at their abdominal apex which they use as weapons when defending their territory.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: plant fibers

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: It has spread from Europe to North and South America

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a combination of these as material for the nest walls.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: North and South America.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Anthidium manicatum

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Europe to North and South America.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Europe to North and South America.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Anthidium species are leaf-cutting bees

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: There is no lobe (arolium) between their claws.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Anthidium manicatum

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: North and South America.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Europe to North and South America.

text: Interdimensional adventurers the Exiles also encounter an alternate universe version of Black Bolt. Black Bolt decides to attempt reintegration with Earth, and several younger Inhumans — recently exposed to the Terrigen Mists — explore Earth with mixed results, including at one stage the intervention of the Fantastic Four. The Inhumans resettle in the Blue Area of the Moon and begin to rebuild. The character also appears briefly in the mutant title X-Statix and a one-shot title, Inhumans 2099, speculates on the future of the Inhumans and their role on Earth.

text: Interdimensional adventurers the

text: Exiles

text: also encounter an alternate universe version of Black Bolt. Black Bolt decides to attempt reintegration with Earth, and several younger Inhumans — recently exposed to the

text: Terrigen Mist

text: s — explore Earth with mixed results, including at one stage the intervention of the Fantastic Four. The Inhumans resettle in the

text: Blue Area of the Moon

text: and begin to rebuild. The character also appears briefly in the mutant title

text: X-Statix

text: and a one-shot title, Inhumans 2099, speculates on the future of the Inhumans and their role on Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Terrigen Mists

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Blue Area

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the Blue Area of the Moon

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Inhumans resettle in the Blue Area of the Moon

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: recently exposed to the Terrigen Mists

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Terrigen Mists

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Blue Area of the Moon

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Blue Area of the Moon

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: recently exposed to the Terrigen Mists

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2099,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Inhumans 2099,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: X-Statix

text: The frame is post and beam, consisting of hand-hewn timbers.  These are “numbered” with hatch marks suggesting that it was prepared off-site. The interior walls and ceilings were plastered (reinforced with horse hair) and applied to split lath.  The floors are pine and there are seven fireplaces.  There are original mouldings and wood work in some rooms.

text: The frame is

text: post and beam

text: , consisting of hand-hewn timbers.  These are “numbered” with hatch marks suggesting that it was prepared off-site. The interior walls and ceilings were plastered (reinforced with horse hair) and applied to

text: split lath

text: .  The floors are pine and there are seven fireplaces.  There are original mouldings and wood work in some rooms.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the frame is post and beam

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it was prepared off-site

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: prepared off-site.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seven fireplaces.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: seven fireplaces.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: seven fireplaces.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: seven fireplaces.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seven fireplaces.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: “numbered” with hatch marks suggesting that it was prepared off-site.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: “numbered” with hatch marks suggesting that it was prepared off-site.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: seven fireplaces.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: seven fireplaces.

text: A national network of regional airports started being constructed in the late 1960s and Widerøe was awarded the right to operate the subsidized routes. From 1968 the airline introduced the Twin Otter, which it eventually operated a dozen of. From 1981 de Havilland Canada Dash 7s were introduced on the main routes. Widerøe experienced four fatal accidents between 1982 and 1993. Norsk Air was bought in 1989, after Fred. Olsen & Co. became a majority owner, and between 1993 and 2000 Widerøe replaced its entire fleet with the de Havilland Canada Dash 8. With the deregulation of the airline market in 1994, Widerøe started several international routes and from 1997 the regional network became subject to public service obligations (PSO). The SAS Group bought the airline between 1997 and 2002. Widerøe then gradually took over all the group's regional operations in Norway.

text: A national network of regional airports started being constructed in the late 1960s and Widerøe was awarded the right to operate the subsidized routes. From 1968 the airline introduced the Twin Otter, which it eventually operated a dozen of. From 1981

text: de Havilland Canada Dash 7

text: s were introduced on the main routes. Widerøe experienced four fatal accidents between 1982 and 1993.

text: Norsk Air

text: was bought in 1989, after

text: Fred. Olsen & Co.

text: became a majority owner, and between 1993 and 2000 Widerøe replaced its entire fleet with the

text: de Havilland Canada Dash 8

text: . With the deregulation of the airline market in 1994, Widerøe started several international routes and from 1997 the regional network became subject to

text: public service obligation

text: s (PSO). The

text: SAS Group

text: bought the airline between 1997 and 2002. Widerøe then gradually took over all the group's regional operations in Norway.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Wider e experienced four fatal accidents between 1982 and 1993

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Norway

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: four fatal accidents between 1982 and 1993.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: fatal accidents between 1982 and 1993.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Wider<unk>e experienced four fatal accidents between 1982 and 1993.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Norway.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Norway.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: four fatal accidents between 1982 and 1993.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: four fatal accidents between 1982 and 1993.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1993.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: four fatal accidents between 1982 and 1993.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1993.

text: Somerset Cricket Club and its football team Somerset Trojans play at the Somerset Cricket Club Field.

text: Somerset Cricket Club and its football team

text: Somerset Trojans

text: play at the

text: Somerset Cricket Club Field

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: cricket is a sport

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: when does the football team play?

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight savings time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Somerset Cricket Club Field.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Somerset Cricket Club Field.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Somerset Cricket Club Field.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Somerset Cricket Club Field.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Somerset Cricket Club Field.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Somerset Cricket Club Field.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Somerset Cricket Club Field.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Somerset Cricket Club Field.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Somerset Cricket Club Field.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Somerset Cricket Club Field.

text: A partial solar eclipse will occur on January 14, 2029. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: will occur on January 14, 2029. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2029

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse will occur on January 14, 2029.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: January 14, 2029.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: January 14, 2029.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: A partial solar eclipse will occur on January 14, 2029.

text: According to the Res gestae saxonicae by 10th century chronicler Widukind of Corvey, the Saxons had arrived from Britannia at the coast of Land Hadeln in the Elbe-Weser Triangle, called by the Merovingian rulers of Francia to support the conquest of Thuringian kingdom. More probably, Saxon tribes from Land Hadeln under the leadership of legendary Hengist and Horsa in the late days of the Roman Empire had invaded Britannia. (see Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain).

text: According to the

entity_name: Res gestae saxonicae sive annalium libri tres

text: Res gestae saxonicae

text: by 10th century chronicler

text: Widukind of Corvey

text: , the Saxons had arrived from

text: Britannia

text: at the coast of

text: Land Hadeln

text: in the

text: Elbe-Weser Triangle

text: , called by the

text: Merovingian

text: rulers of Francia to support the conquest of

text: Thuringian

text: kingdom. More probably, Saxon tribes from Land Hadeln under the leadership of legendary

text: Hengist and Horsa

text: in the late days of the

text: Roman Empire

text: had invaded Britannia. (see

text: Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Roman Empire had invaded Britannia.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Elbe-Weser Triangle,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Res gestae saxonicae

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Elbe-Weser Triangle,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Elbe-Weser Triangle,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Elbe-Weser Triangle,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: According to the Res gestae saxonicae

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Elbe-Weser Triangle,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Elbe-Weser Triangle,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Res gestae saxonicae

text: The most prominent thermal contrast known to exist in the deep (1000 km) mantle is at the core-mantle boundary. Mantle plumes were originally postulated to rise from this layer because the "hot spots" that are assumed to be their surface expression were thought to be fixed relative to one another. This required that plumes were sourced from beneath the shallow asthenosphere that is thought to be flowing rapidly in response to motion of the overlying tectonic plates. There is no other known major thermal boundary layer in the deep Earth, and so the core-mantle boundary was the only candidate.

text: The most prominent thermal contrast known to exist in the deep (1000 km) mantle is at the core-mantle boundary. Mantle plumes were originally postulated to rise from this layer because the "hot spots" that are assumed to be their surface expression were thought to be fixed relative to one another. This required that plumes were sourced from beneath the shallow asthenosphere that is thought to be flowing rapidly in response to motion of the overlying tectonic plates. There is no other known major thermal boundary layer in the deep Earth, and so the core-mantle boundary was the only candidate.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: motion of the overlying tectonic plates

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the deep

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: motion of the overlying tectonic plates.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "hot spots"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: core-mantle boundary.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: "hot spots"

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: core-mantle boundary.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: tectonic plates.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: fixed relative to one another.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: core-mantle boundary.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: core-mantle boundary.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: core-mantle boundary.

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on August 20, 1906. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on August 20, 1906. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on August 20, 1906.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: August 20, 1906.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: August 20, 1906.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: August 20, 1906.

text: Discovered by Lord Kelvin, coastal Kelvin waves are trapped close to coasts and propagate along coasts in the Northern Hemisphere such that the coast is to the right of the alongshore direction of propagation (and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere).  Equatorial Kelvin waves behave somewhat as if there were a wall at the equator – so that the equator is to the right of the direction of  along-equator propagation in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left of the direction of propagation in the Southern Hemisphere, both of which are consistent with eastward propagation along the equator.   The governing equations for these equatorial waves are similar to those presented above, except that there is no meridional velocity component (that is, no flow in the north–south direction).

text: Discovered by

text: Lord Kelvin

text: , coastal

text: Kelvin wave

text: s are trapped close to coasts and propagate along coasts in the Northern Hemisphere such that the coast is to the right of the alongshore direction of propagation (and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere).  Equatorial Kelvin waves behave somewhat as if there were a wall at the

text: equator

text: – so that the equator is to the right of the direction of  along-equator propagation in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left of the direction of propagation in the Southern Hemisphere, both of which are consistent with eastward propagation along the equator.   The governing equations for these equatorial waves are similar to those presented above, except that there is no meridional velocity component (that is, no flow in the north–south direction).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: no flow in the north–south direction

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Southern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: in the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: eastward propagation along the equator

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Kelvin

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: eastward propagation along the equator.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: eastward propagation along the equator.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Discovered by Lord Kelvin,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: consistent with eastward propagation along the equator.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equator

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Discovered by Lord Kelvin,

text: Hunters Tryst - Oxgangs - Morningside - Newington - North Bridge - Meadowbank - Northfield - Brunstane - Asda

text: Hunters Tryst - Oxgangs - Morningside - Newington - North Bridge - Meadowbank - Northfield - Brunstane - Asda

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: seasonal change

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: North Bridge

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Northfield

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Northfield

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Northfield

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Northfield

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Northfield

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Morningside

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: North Bridge

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Northfield

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Hunters Tryst - Oxgangs

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: North Bridge

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Newington

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: North Bridge - Meadowbank

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: North Bridge

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: North Bridge

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Newington

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: North Bridge - Meadowbank

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: North Bridge

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Newington

text: All this happened at a place named Ajam-garh*. On their parent's death, the sons wandered about over the face of the earth--- over hills and dales, through forests untrodden by the feet of man and over fields unworn by the plough.***[Some Mundas explain the name of this place as "Adamgarh (आदमगढ़) or Adambakri (आदम-बकड़ि) ", the garden of Adam.]

text: All this happened at a place named Ajam-garh*. On their parent's death, the sons wandered about over the face of the earth--- over hills and dales, through forests untrodden by the feet of man and over fields unworn by the plough.***[Some Mundas explain the name of this place as "Adamgarh (आदमगढ़) or Adambakri (आदम-बकड़ि) ", the garden of Adam.]

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the oceans

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: forests untrodden by the feet of man

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Ajam-garh*.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Ajam-garh*.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Ajam-garh*.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: hills and dales,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Ajam-garh*.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: over hills and dales,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Ajam-garh*.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Ajam-garh*.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Ajam-garh*.

text: This release would prove to be the band's final release of new material under Epic Records although the 1991 compilation "The Greatest Hits" featured a previously unreleased song from the "Lap of Luxury" sessions, a cover of The Beatles track "Magical Mystery Tour" which would be released as the final promotional single under Epic Records by the band.

text: This release would prove to be the band's final release of new material under Epic Records although the 1991 compilation "

text: The Greatest Hits

text: " featured a previously unreleased song from the "Lap of Luxury" sessions, a cover of The Beatles track "

text: Magical Mystery Tour

text: " which would be released as the final promotional single under Epic Records by the band.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the band's final release of new material

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: band's final release of new material under Epic Records

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "Lap of Luxury"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: the 1991 compilation "The Greatest Hits"

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: "Lap of Luxury"

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the 1991 compilation "The Greatest Hits"

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1991 compilation "The Greatest Hits"

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: final release of new material under Epic Records

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1991

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 1991 compilation "The Greatest Hits"

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 1991 compilation "The Greatest Hits"

text: Choi moved to Suwon Samsung Bluewings prior to the 2011 season.

text: Choi moved to

text: Suwon Samsung Bluewings

text: prior to the 2011 season.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Choi moved to Suwon

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: can Choi be seen in the sky?

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Choi moved to Suwon Samsung Bluewings

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2011

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2011

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Suwon

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 2011

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Choi moved to Suwon Samsung Bluewings

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 2011

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2011

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 2011 season.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2011

text: New Generation Party is a liberal political party in Costa Rica. The party was founded in 2012 in order to partake in the 2014 general election. The party defines itself as a political organization directed toward young people and holds a culturally-liberal platform (as polls show most young Costa Ricans are culturally liberal) in support of subjects like same-sex marriage, In vitro fertilization and Church-state separation. It also describes itself as "centrist" and pragmatic in economic policy.

text: New Generation Party is a liberal political party in Costa Rica. The party was founded in 2012 in order to partake in the

text: 2014 general election

text: . The party defines itself as a political organization directed toward

text: young people

text: and holds a

text: culturally-liberal

text: platform (as polls show most young Costa Ricans are culturally liberal) in support of subjects like

text: same-sex marriage

text: In vitro fertilization

text: and

text: Church-state separation

text: . It also describes itself as "centrist" and pragmatic in economic policy.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: a political organization directed toward young people

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Pacific Time Zone

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: In vitro fertilization and Church-state separation.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: "centrist"

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Costa Rica.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Costa Rica.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Costa Rica.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: most young Costa Ricans are culturally liberal)

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: New Generation Party is a liberal political party in Costa Rica.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: New Generation Party is a liberal political party in Costa Rica.

text: In 2006, Ionikos Lamias was promoted to the Greek A2 League. In the 2005–06 season, Ionikos managed to make it to the final 8 round of the Greek Cup, before being eliminated from the cup tournament by AEK Athens.

text: In 2006, Ionikos Lamias was

text: promoted

text: to the

text: Greek A2 League

text: . In the 2005–06 season, Ionikos managed to make it to the final 8 round of the

text: Greek Cup

text: , before being eliminated from the cup tournament by

text: AEK Athens

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Ionikos Lamias was promoted

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: December 21st

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: promoted to the Greek A2 League.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Greek A2 League.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Greek A2 League.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Greek A2 League.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Greek A2 League.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Ionikos Lamias

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Greek A2 League.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Greek A2 League.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Greek A2 League.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Greek A2 League.

text: Based on strong airplay and CD sales, "Genie in a Bottle" reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100, stayed there for five consecutive weeks and became the biggest summer song of 1999.  At that point, it had the longest stay at number for the entire year, tying Ricky Martin's "Livin' la Vida Loca" and Jennifer Lopez's "If You Had My Love", although Carlos Santana would later in the year take the single, "Smooth", to number one on the chart with a ten-week run. The success of "Genie in a Bottle" marked the third time that year that a new female artist reached number one on the Hot 100 with her debut single, the first being Britney Spears with "...Baby One More Time" and the second being Lopez with "If You Had My Love". On January 22, 2000, Billboard reported that "Genie in a Bottle" was the second best-selling single of 1999, with 1,360,000 units sold, only behind Cher's "Believe" with 1,700,000 copies sold. It also became Aguilera's best-selling physical single to date. The success and achievement for Spears' and Aguilera's debut singles caused a lot of rivalry and comparisons between the two in the media.

text: Based on strong airplay and CD sales, "Genie in a Bottle" reached number one on the

text: Billboard Hot 100

text: , stayed there for five consecutive weeks and became the biggest summer song of 1999.  At that point, it had the longest stay at number for the entire year, tying

text: Ricky Martin

text: 's "

text: Livin' la Vida Loca

text: " and

text: Jennifer Lopez

text: 's "

text: If You Had My Love

text: ", although

text: Carlos Santana

text: would later in the year take the single, "

text: Smooth

text: ", to number one on the chart with a ten-week run. The success of "Genie in a Bottle" marked the third time that year that a new female artist reached number one on the Hot 100 with her debut single, the first being

text: Britney Spears

text: with "

text: ...Baby One More Time

text: " and the second being Lopez with "If You Had My Love". On January 22, 2000, Billboard reported that "Genie in a Bottle" was the second best-selling single of 1999, with 1,360,000 units sold, only behind

text: Cher

text: 's "

text: Believe

text: " with 1,700,000 copies sold. It also became Aguilera's best-selling physical single to date. The success and achievement for Spears' and Aguilera's debut singles caused a lot of rivalry and comparisons between the two in the media.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: strong airplay and CD sales

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: la Vida Loca

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: strong airplay and CD sales,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: "Livin' la Vida Loca"

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: "Livin' la Vida Loca"

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 1999.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Billboard Hot 100,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Billboard Hot 100,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer

text: The league returned to the Shaugnessy format during the playoffs, featuring the top four teams of the season. In the best-of-five first round, first place Rockford won Kenosha and second place Fort Wayne defeated fourth place Grand Rapids. The final series took all seven games to decide the champion team. After winning the first two games, Rockford lost the next two games to Fort Wayne. Rockford took a 3-2 advantage in Game 5, but Fort Wayne won the next contest to send the series to a seventh game. Finally, Rockford never gave Fort Wayne a chance at another upset and won the series, four to three games. Helen Nicol was credited with three of the four victories of Rockford in the finals, including a shutout in decisive Game 7. Bill Allington guided the Peaches to their third title in a row, fourth overall, to set two all-time records for a manager.

text: The league returned to the

text: Shaugnessy format

text: during the playoffs, featuring the top four teams of the season. In the best-of-five first round, first place Rockford won Kenosha and second place Fort Wayne defeated fourth place Grand Rapids. The final series took all seven games to decide the champion team. After winning the first two games, Rockford lost the next two games to Fort Wayne. Rockford took a 3-2 advantage in Game 5, but Fort Wayne won the next contest to send the series to a seventh game. Finally, Rockford never gave Fort Wayne a chance at another upset and won the series, four to three games.

text: Helen Nicol

text: was credited with three of the four victories of Rockford in the finals, including a shutout in decisive Game 7.

text: Bill Allington

text: guided the Peaches to their third title in a row, fourth overall, to set two

entity_name: List of All-American Girls Professional Baseball League managers

text: all-time records

text: for a

text: manager

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The league returned to the Shaugnessy format during the playoffs

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Rockford

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The league returned to the Shaugnessy format

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Shaugnessy

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The league returned to the Shaugnessy format during the playoffs,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Rockford won Kenosha

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: fourth overall, to set two all-time records for a manager.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The league returned to the Shaugnessy format during the playoffs,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The league returned to the Shaugnessy format

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Shaugnessy

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: fourth overall, to set two all-time records for a manager.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: The league returned to the Shaugnessy format during the playoffs,

text: Myotubular myopathy, also known as centeronuclear myopathy, is recognized by pain during exercise and difficulty walking. People affected by this disease typically are wheel-chair-bound by middle adulthood, have weakness in the muscles involved in eye movement, nerve function disorders, and some form of intellectual disability. Myotubular myopathy is very rare, with less than 50 families currently affected.Genetically, myotubular myopathy can have two causes: autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive. When caused by a mutation in the DNM2 gene, the disorder is autosomal dominant, meaning it can be passed on by one mutated gene. When the mutation takes place in the BIN1 gene, the disease is instead autosomal recessive, and both genes must be mutated for the disease to be inherited. Autosomal recessive onset is most common.

text: Myotubular myopathy, also known as centeronuclear myopathy, is recognized by pain during exercise and difficulty walking. People affected by this disease typically are wheel-chair-bound by middle adulthood, have weakness in the muscles involved in eye movement, nerve function disorders, and some form of intellectual disability. Myotubular myopathy is very rare, with less than 50 families currently affected.Genetically, myotubular myopathy can have two causes: autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive. When caused by a mutation in the

text: gene, the disorder is autosomal dominant, meaning it can be passed on by one mutated gene. When the mutation takes place in the

text: gene, the disease is instead autosomal recessive, and both genes must be mutated for the disease to be inherited. Autosomal recessive onset is most common.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Autosomal recessive

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Autosomal recessive onset is most common.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Autosomal recessive

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Myotubular myopathy,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 50

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Autosomal recessive onset is most common.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: pain during exercise and difficulty walking.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Autosomal recessive onset is most common.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: middle adulthood,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Myotubular myopathy,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Myotubular myopathy,

text: Mathieu Drujon (born 1 February 1983 in Troyes) is a French road bicycle racer for . Drujon will retire at the end of the 2013 season, after six years as a professional.

text: Mathieu Drujon (born 1 February 1983 in

text: Troyes

text: ) is a

text: French

text: road bicycle racer

text: for . Drujon will retire at the end of the 2013 season, after six years as a professional.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: not enough information

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: does mathieu drujon ride?

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earths axis of rotation is pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from Polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: six years as a professional.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 2013 season,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 2013 season,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Troyes)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Troyes)

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Mathieu Drujon

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 1 February 1983

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Mathieu Drujon

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 2013

text: In Philanthropy Under Fire (ISBN 978-1594037382) Husock defends the American tradition of independent philanthropy from significant political and intellectual challenges which threaten it today. Although the U.S. continues to be the most charitable nation in the world, serious efforts seek to discourage traditional, personal charitable giving by changing the tax code, and directing philanthropy toward causes chosen by government. Some voices seek to narrow the very definition of philanthropy to include only direct redistribution of income from rich to poor. In contrast, Husock broadly defends philanthropy’s causes—from the food pantry to the art museum to the university science lab—as both a source of effective new ideas and as a core aspect of democracy and liberty. In a new and original argument, he asserts that having broad impact does not require a marriage of philanthropy and government. Instead, he says, private programs growing out of the values held by their leaders—and imbued with those values—can have a wide impact through their influence on society’s norms. In this sense, the good that private philanthropy does for American society can far transcend the good that it does for its immediate recipients.

text: In Philanthropy Under Fire (ISBN 978-1594037382) Husock defends the American tradition of independent philanthropy from significant political and intellectual challenges which threaten it today. Although the U.S. continues to be the most charitable nation in the world, serious efforts seek to discourage traditional, personal charitable giving by changing the tax code, and directing philanthropy toward causes chosen by government. Some voices seek to narrow the very definition of philanthropy to include only direct redistribution of income from rich to poor. In contrast, Husock broadly defends philanthropy’s causes—from the food pantry to the art museum to the university science lab—as both a source of effective new ideas and as a core aspect of democracy and liberty. In a new and original argument, he asserts that having broad impact does not require a marriage of philanthropy and government. Instead, he says, private programs growing out of the values held by their leaders—and imbued with those values—can have a wide impact through their influence on society’s norms. In this sense, the good that private philanthropy does for American society can far transcend the good that it does for its immediate recipients.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: private programs growing out of the values held by their leaders

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: The U.S.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: values held by their leaders—and

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 978-1594037382)

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: 978-1594037382)

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 978-1594037382)

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the U.S.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 978-1594037382)

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the U.S. continues to be the most charitable nation in the world,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 978-1594037382)

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 978-1594037382)

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 978-1594037382)

text: From its founding until 1894, the municipality was known as Tlacomulco and then San Miguel Tlaxomulco; the latter portion comes from the Nahuatl words  tlalli (earth); xomolli (corner or small place) and co of coztic (in), that is to say, "In some corner of the earth" or "a little corner of ground".

text: From its founding until 1894, the municipality was known as Tlacomulco and then San Miguel Tlaxomulco; the latter portion comes from the Nahuatl words  tlalli (earth); xomolli (corner or small place) and co of coztic (in), that is to say, "In some corner of the earth" or "a little corner of ground".

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: It does not say

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Tlacomulco

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: sunset

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Nahuatl

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: (corner or small place) and co of coztic

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Tlacomulco and then San Miguel Tlaxomulco;

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Tlacomulco and then San Miguel Tlaxomulco;

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Tlacomulco and then San Miguel Tlaxomulco;

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Tlacomulco and then San Miguel Tlaxomulco;

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: "In some corner of the earth" or "a little corner of ground".

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 1894,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Tlacomulco and then San Miguel Tlaxomulco;

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Tlacomulco and then San Miguel Tlaxomulco;

text: Gambier Island is the largest of the Howe Sound islands, to the northwest of Bowen, near the Langdale ferry landing. Gambier has a small resident population, plus hundreds more who enjoy the SW peninsula community in the summer months. This area has a year-round foot ferry, the Stormaway IV, run by BC Ferries, and a community centre. Until recently, the only commercial location on the island, the General Store, was located here, near New Brighton, where the ferry lands. The store is now closed. This area of Gambier has landline power and telephone. There also are numerous seasonal homes line the shores of the southern bays (West Bay, Centre Bay, Port Graves, and Halkett Bay) along with several local yacht club outstations in both the southern and northern parts of the island. Beyond the SW peninsula, seasonal visitors rely on solar, wind and generator power. The northwestern shore of Gambier, with adjacent Thornborough Channel, is still dominated by the forest industry. The "pond" at Andy's Bay is one of North America's largest logsorts. A resident-operated woodlot on provincial land (WL039) is located near Andy's Bay, with active logging and reforestation. The northeast quadrant of Gambier also is Crown land, with two more major woodlots proposed by the provincial Ministry of Forests, but not pursued as yet due to the opposition of many local residents, members of the Squamish Nation, whose territory this includes, and concerned supporters of a less-industrial Howe Sound. The island has excellent hiking in the provincial Crown land that dominates its north sector.

text: Gambier Island

text: is the largest of the Howe Sound islands, to the northwest of Bowen, near the

text: Langdale

text: ferry landing. Gambier has a small resident population, plus hundreds more who enjoy the SW peninsula community in the summer months. This area has a year-round foot ferry, the

text: Stormaway IV

text: , run by

text: BC Ferries

text: , and a community centre. Until recently, the only commercial location on the island, the General Store, was located here, near

text: New Brighton

text: , where the ferry lands. The store is now closed. This area of Gambier has landline power and telephone. There also are numerous seasonal homes line the shores of the southern bays (West Bay, Centre Bay, Port Graves, and Halkett Bay) along with several local yacht club outstations in both the southern and northern parts of the island. Beyond the SW peninsula, seasonal visitors rely on solar, wind and generator power. The northwestern shore of Gambier, with adjacent Thornborough Channel, is still dominated by the forest industry. The "pond" at Andy's Bay is one of North America's largest logsorts. A resident-operated woodlot on provincial land (WL039) is located near Andy's Bay, with active logging and reforestation. The northeast quadrant of Gambier also is Crown land, with two more major woodlots proposed by the provincial Ministry of Forests, but not pursued as yet due to the opposition of many local residents, members of the Squamish Nation, whose territory this includes, and concerned supporters of a less-industrial Howe Sound. The island has excellent hiking in the provincial Crown land that dominates its north sector.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar, wind and generator power

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Gambier Island

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Gambier Island has excellent hiking

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer months

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: solar, wind and generator power.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: summer months.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: SW peninsula community in the summer months.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: year-round foot ferry,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: SW peninsula,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: summer months.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: year-round foot ferry,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Gambier Island

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: summer months.

text: If the position of the earth in its orbit around the sun is reckoned with respect to the equinox, the point at which the orbit crosses the celestial equator, then its dates accurately indicate the seasons, that is, they are synchronized with the declination of the sun. Such a calendar is called a tropical solar calendar.

text: If the position of the earth in its orbit around the sun is reckoned with respect to the

text: equinox

text: , the point at which the orbit crosses the celestial equator, then its dates accurately indicate the

text: season

text: s, that is, they are synchronized with the

text: declination

text: of the sun. Such a calendar is called a tropical solar calendar.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: declination of the sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: celestial equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: its dates accurately indicate the seasons

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: they are synchronized with the declination of the sun.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: declination

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: seasons,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the point at which the orbit crosses the celestial equator,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: equinox,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: celestial equator,

text: Solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth's land surface, oceans – which cover about 71% of the globe – and atmosphere. Warm air containing evaporated water from the oceans rises, causing atmospheric circulation or convection. When the air reaches a high altitude, where the temperature is low, water vapor condenses into clouds, which rain onto the Earth's surface, completing the water cycle. The latent heat of water condensation amplifies convection, producing atmospheric phenomena such as wind, cyclones and anti-cyclones. Sunlight absorbed by the oceans and land masses keeps the surface at an average temperature of 14 °C. By photosynthesis, green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy, which produces food, wood and the biomass from which fossil fuels are derived.

text: Solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth's land surface,

text: ocean

text: s – which cover about 71% of the globe – and atmosphere. Warm air containing evaporated water from the oceans rises, causing

text: atmospheric circulation

text: or

text: convection

text: . When the air reaches a high altitude, where the temperature is low, water vapor condenses into clouds, which rain onto the Earth's surface, completing the

text: water cycle

text: . The

text: latent heat

text: of water condensation amplifies convection, producing atmospheric phenomena such as wind,

text: cyclone

text: s and

text: anti-cyclone

text: s. Sunlight absorbed by the oceans and land masses keeps the surface at an average temperature of 14 °C. By

text: photosynthesis

text: , green plants convert solar energy into chemically stored energy, which produces food, wood and the

text: biomass

text: from which fossil fuels are derived.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth's land surface, oceans

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: oceans

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the surface at an average temperature of 14 °C

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: average temperature of 14 °C

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 24-hour cycle

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: anti-cyclones.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 14 °C.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: oceans

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 14 °C.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 14 °C.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 14 °C.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth's land surface, oceans

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 14 °C.

text: Shortly after the cancellation announcement Kotaku ran an article in which they described the game as "a massive multiplayer PC game in which players could both maintain non-combat professions and shoot their way through death-matches on a sci-fi version of Earth." According to the article, which was sourced by anonymous employees who worked on the project, the game would take place on a near-future earth where the player would take on a "mundane job" during the day while fighting enemies at night. On November 7, 2014, Blizzard announced Overwatch, a new multiplayer first-person shooter; Chris Metzen stated that Overwatch incorporates elements, such as maps, that were originally intended for Titan, but that the games were otherwise unrelated.

text: Shortly after the cancellation announcement

text: Kotaku

text: ran an article in which they described the game as "a massive multiplayer PC game in which players could both maintain non-combat professions and shoot their way through death-matches on a sci-fi version of Earth." According to the article, which was sourced by anonymous employees who worked on the project, the game would take place on a near-future earth where the player would take on a "mundane job" during the day while fighting enemies at night. On November 7, 2014, Blizzard announced

text: Overwatch

text: , a new multiplayer first-person shooter;

text: Chris Metzen

text: stated that

text: Overwatch

text: incorporates elements, such as maps, that were originally intended for Titan, but that the games were otherwise unrelated.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Overwatch incorporates elements, such as maps, that were originally intended for Titan, but that the games were otherwise unrelated.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: "mundane job" during the day while fighting enemies at night.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: night.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: "mundane job" during the day while fighting enemies at night.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth."

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: day while fighting enemies at night.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: night.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: during the day while fighting enemies at night.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: day while fighting enemies at night. On November 7, 2014,

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Overwatch,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Overwatch,

text: The wording of the final draft of the definition has continued to be criticized, primarily in the United States.  Notably, Alan Stern, the lead scientist on NASA's robotic mission to Pluto, has contended that Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Neptune have not fully cleared their orbital zones, just like Pluto. Earth orbits with 10,000 near-Earth asteroids. Jupiter, meanwhile, is accompanied by 100,000 Trojan asteroids on its orbital path. Stern has asserted: "If Neptune had cleared its zone, Pluto wouldn't be there."

text: The wording of the final draft of the definition has continued to be criticized, primarily in the United States.  Notably,

text: Alan Stern

text: , the lead scientist on

text: NASA's robotic mission to Pluto

text: , has contended that Earth,

text: Mars

text: Jupiter

text: , and

text: Neptune

text: have not fully cleared their orbital zones, just like Pluto. Earth orbits with 10,000

text: near-Earth asteroids

text: . Jupiter, meanwhile, is accompanied by 100,000 Trojan asteroids on its orbital path. Stern has asserted: "If Neptune had cleared its zone, Pluto wouldn't be there."

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth orbits with 10,000 near-Earth asteroids

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Jupiter

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: not enough information

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 10,000 near-Earth asteroids.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: near-Earth

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: 10,000 near-Earth

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: 10,000 near-Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: not fully cleared their orbital zones,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: definition has continued to be criticized, primarily in the United States.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: 10,000

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Neptune

text: As one might expect, these all produce quite high values for the entire Earth, usually at least in the hundreds of quadrillions of US dollars.  This seems appropriate.  However, even with this sum in hand, it seems unlikely that even experienced reconstruction subcontractors could complete the task of replacing Earth, certainly not without using Earth itself as a base.  Rent for use of Earth and its orbit might then also have to be included, and it would be hard to price this without calculating the price of the Earth, again.

text: As one might expect, these all produce quite high values for the entire Earth, usually at least in the hundreds of quadrillions of

text: US dollar

text: s.  This seems appropriate.  However, even with this sum in hand, it seems unlikely that even experienced reconstruction subcontractors could complete the task of replacing Earth, certainly not without using Earth itself as a base.  Rent for use of Earth and its orbit might then also have to be included, and it would be hard to price this without calculating the price of the Earth, again.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth itself

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the entire Earth

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: hundreds of quadrillions of US dollars.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: hundreds of quadrillions of US dollars.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: hundreds of quadrillions of US dollars.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: orbit

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: hundreds of quadrillions of US dollars.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: hundreds of quadrillions of US dollars.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: hundreds of quadrillions of US dollars.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: hundreds of quadrillions of US dollars.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: hundreds of quadrillions of US dollars.

text: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

text: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the reason for the seasons

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: summer, we experience shorter days

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: None of the above choices .

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: it changes every year

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: the time when daylight and nighttime hours are exactly equal

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: The Earths axis of rotation is pointed toward Polaris, the north star, in the summer, but away from Polar in the winter.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Lyrics: Niranjan Bharathi

text: Taken from the villain in The Magnificent Seven, Calvera is the nickname given to an X-ray source known as 1RXS J141256.0+792204 in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey Bright Source Catalog (RASS/BSC). It has been identified as an isolated neutron star, one of the closest of its kind to Earth. Ursa Minor has two enigmatic white dwarfs. H1504+65 is a faint (magnitude 15.9) star that with the hottest surface temperature—200,000 K—yet discovered for a white dwarf. Its atmosphere, composed of roughly half carbon, half oxygen and 2% neon, is devoid of hydrogen and helium—its composition unexplainable by current models of stellar evolution. WD 1337+705 is a cooler white dwarf that has magnesium and silicon in its spectrum, suggesting a companion or circumstellar disk, though no evidence for either has come to light. WISE 1506+7027 is a brown dwarf of spectral type T6 that is a mere  light-years away from Earth. A faint object of magnitude 14, it was discovered by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) in 2011.

text: Taken from the villain in

text: The Magnificent Seven

text: Calvera

text: is the nickname given to an

text: X-ray source

text: known as 1RXS J141256.0+792204 in the

text: ROSAT

text: All-Sky Survey Bright Source Catalog (RASS/BSC). It has been identified as an isolated

text: neutron star

text: , one of the closest of its kind to Earth. Ursa Minor has two enigmatic

text: white dwarf

text: s.

text: is a faint (magnitude 15.9) star that with the hottest surface temperature—200,000 K—yet discovered for a white dwarf. Its atmosphere, composed of roughly half carbon, half oxygen and 2% neon, is devoid of hydrogen and helium—its composition unexplainable by current models of stellar evolution.

text: WD 1337+705

text: is a cooler white dwarf that has magnesium and silicon in its spectrum, suggesting a companion or circumstellar disk, though no evidence for either has come to light.

text: WISE 1506+7027

text: is a

text: brown dwarf

text: of spectral type T6 that is a mere  light-years away from Earth. A faint object of magnitude 14, it was discovered by the

text: Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer

text: (WISE) in 2011.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter solstice

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: stellar evolution.

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: circumstellar disk,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Taken from the villain in The Magnificent Seven,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Ursa Minor

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: hottest surface temperature—200,000

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: hottest surface temperature—200,000

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: hottest surface temperature—200,000

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: Ursa Minor

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Taken from the villain in The Magnificent Seven,

text: From a given observation point, a star found at one location in the sky will be found at the same location on another night at the same sidereal time. This is similar to how the time kept by a sundial can be used to find the location of the Sun. Just as the Sun and Moon appear to rise in the east and set in the west due to the rotation of Earth, so do the stars. Both solar time and sidereal time make use of the regularity of Earth's rotation about its polar axis, solar time following the Sun while sidereal time roughly follows the stars. More exactly, sidereal time is the angle, measured from the observer's meridian, along the celestial equator, to the great circle that passes through the March equinox and both poles, and is usually expressed in hours, minutes, and seconds. Common time on a typical clock measures a slightly longer cycle, accounting not only for Earth's axial rotation but also for Earth's annual revolution around the Sun of slightly less than 1 degree per day (in fact to the nearest arcsecond, it takes 365.2422 days to revolve, therefore  360 degrees/365.2422 days = 0.9856° or 59′ 8″ per day, i.e., slightly less than 1 degree per day).

text: From a given

text: observation point

text: , a star found at one location in the sky will be found at the same location on another night at the same sidereal time. This is similar to how the time kept by a

text: sundial

text: can be used to find the location of the

text: Sun

text: . Just as the Sun and

text: Moon

text: appear to rise in the east and set in the west due to the rotation of Earth, so do the stars. Both

text: solar time

text: and sidereal time make use of the regularity of Earth's rotation about its polar axis, solar time following the Sun while sidereal time roughly follows the stars. More exactly, sidereal time is the angle, measured from the observer's meridian, along the celestial equator, to the

text: great circle

text: that passes through the

text: March equinox

text: and both poles, and is usually expressed in hours, minutes, and seconds. Common time on a typical clock measures a slightly longer cycle, accounting not only for Earth's axial rotation but also for Earth's annual revolution around the Sun of slightly less than 1 degree per day (in fact to the nearest

text: arcsecond

text: , it takes 365.2422 days to revolve, therefore  360 degrees/365.2422 days = 0.9856° or 59′ 8″ per day, i.e., slightly less than 1 degree per day).

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Earth's axial rotation

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: sidereal time

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: rotation of Earth,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: sidereal time

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: celestial equator,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: equator,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: March equinox

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: equinox

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar axis,

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: March equinox

text: Some precedents in international criminal law can be found in the time before World War I. However, it was only after the war that a truly international crime tribunal was envisaged to try perpetrators of crimes committed in this period. Thus, the Treaty of Versailles stated that an international tribunal was to be set up to try Wilhelm II of Germany. In the event, however, the Kaiser was granted asylum in the Netherlands. After World War II, the Allied powers set up an international tribunal to try not only war crimes, but crimes against humanity committed under the Nazi regime. The Nuremberg Tribunal held its first session in 1945 and pronounced judgments on 30 September / 1 October 1946. A similar tribunal was established for Japanese war crimes (the International Military Tribunal for the Far East). It operated from 1946 to 1948.

text: Some precedents in international criminal law can be found in the time before

text: World War I

text: . However, it was only after the war that a truly international crime tribunal was envisaged to try perpetrators of crimes committed in this period. Thus, the

text: Treaty of Versailles

text: stated that an international tribunal was to be set up to try

text: Wilhelm II

text: of

text: Germany

text: . In the event, however, the Kaiser was granted asylum in the Netherlands. After

text: World War II

text: , the

text: Allied powers

text: set up an international tribunal to try not only

text: war crimes

text: , but

text: crimes against humanity

text: committed under the Nazi regime. The

text: Nuremberg Tribunal

text: held its first session in 1945 and pronounced judgments on 30 September / 1 October 1946. A similar tribunal was established for

text: Japanese war crimes

text: (the

entity_name: International Military Tribunal for the Far East

text: International Military Tribunal for the Far East

text: ). It operated from 1946 to 1948.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: Nuremberg Tribunal held its first session in 1945 and pronounced judgments on 30 September / 1 October 1946

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: After World War II,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: World War I.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: September

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Far East).

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Far East).

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: World War I.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: Some precedents in international criminal law

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: 30 September / 1 October 1946.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: World War I.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: 30 September

text: In addition the length of each day, which is determined by the season, has a significant impact on the climate.  The 24-hour days found near the poles in summer result in a large daily-average solar flux reaching the top of the atmosphere in these regions.  On the June solstice 36% more solar radiation reaches the top of the atmosphere over the course of the day at the North Pole than at the Equator (Serreze and Barry, 2005).  However, in the six months from the September equinox to March equinox the North Pole receives no sunlight.  Images from the NOAA's North Pole Web Cam illustrate Arctic  daylight, darkness and the changing of the seasons.

text: In addition the length of each day, which is determined by the

text: season

text: , has a significant impact on the climate.  The 24-hour days found near the poles in summer result in a large daily-average solar flux reaching the top of the atmosphere in these regions.  On the June solstice 36% more solar radiation reaches the top of the atmosphere over the course of the day at the North Pole than at the Equator (Serreze and Barry, 2005).  However, in the six months from the

text: September equinox

text: to

text: March equinox

text: the North Pole receives no sunlight.  Images from the

text: NOAA

text: 's North Pole Web Cam illustrate Arctic  daylight, darkness and the changing of the seasons.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the length of each day

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: June solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the North Pole

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the North Pole receives no sunlight

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the North Pole receives no sunlight

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: June solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: length of each day,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: June solstice

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: The 24-hour days

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: North Pole receives no sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: North Pole than at the Equator

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: the North Pole receives no sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the North Pole receives no sunlight.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: June solstice

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: North Pole than at the Equator

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September equinox to March equinox

text: Ratings for Babylon 5 continued to rise during the show's third season, but going into the fourth season, the impending demise of network PTEN left a fifth year in doubt. Unable to get word one way or the other from parent company Warner Bros., and unwilling to short-change the story and the fans, Straczynski began preparing modifications to the fourth season in order to allow for both eventualities. Straczynski identified three primary narrative threads which would require resolution: the Shadow war, Earth's slide into a dictatorship, and a series of sub-threads which branched off from those. Estimating they would still take around 27 episodes to resolve without having the season feel rushed, the solution came when the TNT network commissioned two Babylon 5 television films. Several hours of material was thus able to be moved into the films, including a three-episode arc which would deal with the background to the Earth–Minbari War, and a sub-thread which would have set up the sequel series, Crusade. Further standalone episodes and plot-threads were dropped from season four, which could be inserted into Crusade, or the fifth season, were it to be given the greenlight. The intended series finale, "Sleeping in Light", was filmed during season four as a precaution against cancellation. When word came that TNT had picked up Babylon 5, this was moved to the end of season five and replaced with a newly filmed season four finale, "The Deconstruction of Falling Stars".

text: Ratings for Babylon 5 continued to rise during the show's third season, but going into the fourth season, the impending demise of network

text: PTEN

text: left a fifth year in doubt. Unable to get word one way or the other from parent company

text: Warner Bros.

text: , and unwilling to short-change the story and the fans, Straczynski began preparing modifications to the fourth season in order to allow for both eventualities. Straczynski identified three primary

text: narrative thread

text: s which would require resolution: the Shadow war, Earth's slide into a dictatorship, and a series of sub-threads which branched off from those. Estimating they would still take around 27 episodes to resolve without having the season feel rushed, the solution came when the

text: TNT

text: network commissioned two Babylon 5 television films. Several hours of material was thus able to be moved into the films, including a three-episode arc which would deal with the background to the

text: Earth–Minbari War

text: , and a sub-thread which would have set up the sequel series, Crusade. Further standalone episodes and plot-threads were dropped from season four, which could be inserted into Crusade, or the fifth season, were it to be given the

text: greenlight

text: . The intended series finale, "

text: Sleeping in Light

text: ", was filmed during season four as a precaution against cancellation. When word came that TNT had picked up Babylon 5, this was moved to the end of season five and replaced with a newly filmed season four finale, "

text: The Deconstruction of Falling Stars

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the impending demise of network PTEN left a fifth year in doubt

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Minbari

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: When word came that TNT had picked up Babylon 5, this was moved to the end of season five

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The Deconstruction of Falling Stars

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Earth–Minbari War

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: what is the vernal equinox

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: unwilling to short-change the story and the fans,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: Falling Stars".

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: Ratings for Babylon 5 continued to rise during the show's third season,

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Earth's

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth–Minbari

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: "Sleeping in Light", was filmed during season four

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: "Sleeping in Light", was filmed during season four

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Light",

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: "The Deconstruction of Falling Stars".

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: Ratings for Babylon 5

text: The CR.42LWs equipped to the newly formed 3./NSGr 7 in Zagreb, Croatia, in April 1944. By September 1944,  2. Staffel was transferred in Croatia too (at Pleso) and the Fiats later equipped 1. Staffel also, in Graz, Austria.On 8 February 1945,  ten Luftwaffe CR.42LWs of Stab and 2. Staffel of Nachtschlachtgruppe 7, took off from their base in Agram-Gorica, Croatia, bound to strafe the airfield of Grabovica, used by partisan forces. But at the last moment they were sent to attack partisans northwest of Sisak. They were attacked by P-38 Lightnings of the 14th Fighter Group. The American fighters shot down three Fiat biplanes, but two P-38s did not return to base. One of them was claimed by a German pilot but not confirmed. The unidentified German pilot's claim is the last claimed victory of a biplane. The 14th Fighter Group's unit history does not record any losses on this date by the 37th Fighter Squadron, which reported the engagement with the biplanes.  The two aircraft which failed to return to base were reported as lost to ground fire during a ground sweep near Vienna, and were assigned to the 48th Fighter Squadron.

text: The CR.42LWs equipped to the newly formed 3./NSGr 7 in Zagreb, Croatia, in April 1944. By September 1944,  2. Staffel was transferred in Croatia too (at

text: Pleso

text: ) and the Fiats later equipped 1. Staffel also, in

text: Graz

text: Austria

text: .On 8 February 1945,  ten Luftwaffe CR.42LWs of Stab and 2. Staffel of Nachtschlachtgruppe 7, took off from their base in

text: Agram

text: Gorica

text: , Croatia, bound to strafe the airfield of

text: Grabovica

text: , used by partisan forces. But at the last moment they were sent to attack partisans northwest of

text: Sisak

text: . They were attacked by

text: P-38 Lightnings

text: of the 14th Fighter Group. The American fighters shot down three Fiat biplanes, but two P-38s did not return to base. One of them was claimed by a German pilot but not confirmed. The unidentified German pilot's claim is the last claimed victory of a biplane. The 14th Fighter Group's unit history does not record any losses on this date by the 37th Fighter Squadron, which reported the engagement with the biplanes.  The two aircraft which failed to return to base were reported as lost to ground fire during a ground sweep near Vienna, and were assigned to the 48th Fighter Squadron.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: By September 1944, 2. Staffel was transferred

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: northern hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: 2. Staffel was transferred in Croatia too (at Pleso)

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: 8 February 1945,

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: April 1944.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: Agram-Gorica,

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Sisak.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: 8 February 1945,

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: 8 February 1945,

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: April 1944.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: P-38 Lightnings of the 14th Fighter Group.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: September 1944,

text: A partial solar eclipse occurred on October 12, 1996. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

text: A partial

text: solar eclipse

text: occurred on October 12, 1996. A

text: solar eclipse

text: occurs when the

text: Moon

text: passes between

text: Earth

text: and the

text: Sun

text: , thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun,

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: A partial solar eclipse

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: A partial solar eclipse occurred on October 12, 1996.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: polar regions

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: October 12, 1996.

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: October 12, 1996.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: October 12, 1996.

text: November 30 saw  the European storms spread into north Africa that eaving with at least 30 people killed in Morocco after heavy rain and floods. Morocco’s l MAP news agency said 24 people died when a bus was swept away by a flooding river in the coastal town of Bouznika. 4 died when heavy rain brought down their homes near the central city of Khenifra and in Salé. A girl also drowned in Tiflet after a bridge collapsed into a raging river.

text: November 30 saw  the European storms spread into north Africa that eaving with at least 30 people killed in Morocco after heavy rain and floods. Morocco’s l MAP news agency said 24 people died when a bus was swept away by a flooding river in the coastal town of

text: Bouznika

text: . 4 died when heavy rain brought down their homes near the central city of

text: Khenifra

text: and in

text: Salé

text: . A girl also drowned in

text: Tiflet

text: after a bridge collapsed into a raging river.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: European storms

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: Earth's surface

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 30

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: Daylight saving time

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: European storms

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: European storms spread into north Africa

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: November 30 saw the European storms spread into north Africa

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: north Africa

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: north Africa

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: November 30

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: November 30

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: November 30

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: November 30 saw the European storms spread into north Africa

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: November 30

text: Frozen ground (permafrost and seasonally frozen ground) occupies approximately 54 million km of the exposed land areas of the Northern Hemisphere (Zhang et al., 2003) and therefore has the largest areal extent of any component of the cryosphere. Permafrost (perennially frozen ground) may occur where mean annual air temperatures (MAAT) are less than -1 or -2 °C and is generally continuous where MAAT are less than -7 °C. In addition, its extent and thickness are affected by ground moisture content, vegetation cover, winter snow depth, and aspect. The global extent of permafrost is still not completely known, but it underlies approximately 20% of Northern Hemisphere land areas. Thicknesses exceed 600 m along the Arctic coast of northeastern Siberia and Alaska, but, toward the margins, permafrost becomes thinner and horizontally discontinuous. The marginal zones will be more immediately subject to any melting caused by a warming trend. Most of the presently existing permafrost formed during previous colder conditions and is therefore relic. However, permafrost may form under present-day polar climates where glaciers retreat or land emergence exposes unfrozen ground. Washburn (1973) concluded that most continuous permafrost is in balance with the present climate at its upper surface, but changes at the base depend on the present climate and geothermal heat flow; in contrast, most discontinuous permafrost is probably unstable or "in such delicate equilibrium that the slightest climatic or surface change will have drastic disequilibrium effects".

text: Frozen ground (permafrost and seasonally frozen ground) occupies approximately 54 million km of the exposed land areas of the Northern Hemisphere (Zhang et al., 2003) and therefore has the largest areal extent of any component of the cryosphere.

text: Permafrost

text: (perennially frozen ground) may occur where mean annual air temperatures (MAAT) are less than -1 or -2 °C and is generally continuous where MAAT are less than -7 °C. In addition, its extent and thickness are affected by ground moisture content,

text: vegetation

text: cover, winter snow depth, and aspect. The global extent of permafrost is still not completely known, but it underlies approximately 20% of

text: Northern Hemisphere

text: land areas. Thicknesses exceed 600 m along the Arctic coast of northeastern Siberia and Alaska, but, toward the margins, permafrost becomes thinner and horizontally discontinuous. The marginal zones will be more immediately subject to any melting caused by a warming trend. Most of the presently existing permafrost formed during previous colder conditions and is therefore relic. However, permafrost may form under present-day polar climates where glaciers retreat or land emergence exposes unfrozen ground. Washburn (1973) concluded that most continuous permafrost is in balance with the present climate at its upper surface, but changes at the base depend on the present climate and geothermal heat flow; in contrast, most discontinuous permafrost is probably unstable or "in such delicate equilibrium that the slightest climatic or surface change will have drastic disequilibrium effects".

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: ground moisture content, vegetation cover, winter snow depth, and aspect

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: aspect

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: the Northern Hemisphere

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: winter snow depth, and aspect

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: mean annual air temperatures

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: permafrost

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: aspect.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: permafrost

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: -7 °C.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: upper surface,

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: permafrost

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: changes at the base depend on the present climate and geothermal heat flow;

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: disequilibrium

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: polar climates

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: relic.

text: The axial tilt of the Earth results in seasons outside of the tropics.  The change in the length of the day is the key signal for seasonal behavior (e.g. mating season) in non-tropical animals.  The presence of light at night can result in "seasons out of time" , changing the behavior and thermoregulation of affected organisms.  This effect can be deadly for small mammals in the winter, since when their body acts as if it's summer they don't maintain an adequate winter body temperature to survive winter nights.

text: The

text: axial tilt

text: of the

text: Earth

text: results in

text: season

text: s outside of the

text: tropics

text: .  The change in the length of the day is the key signal for seasonal behavior (e.g.

text: mating season

text: ) in non-tropical animals.  The presence of light at night can result in "seasons out of time" , changing the

text: behavior

text: and

text: thermoregulation

text: of affected organisms.  This effect can be deadly for small mammals in the winter, since when their body acts as if it's summer they don't maintain an adequate winter body temperature to survive winter nights.

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The axial tilt of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropics

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: this effect can be deadly for small mammals

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: change in the length of the day is the key signal for seasonal behavior

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: axis

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005880

answers: The axial tilt of the Earth

answers: NDQ_005881

answers: seasons outside of the tropics.

answers: NDQ_005882

answers: winter nights.

answers: NDQ_005883

answers: tropics.

answers: NDQ_005884

answers: tropics.

answers: NDQ_005885

answers: The change in the length of the day is the key signal for seasonal behavior

answers: NDQ_005886

answers: The change in the length of the day is the key signal for seasonal behavior

answers: NDQ_005887

answers: tropics.

answers: NDQ_005888

answers: axial tilt of the Earth results in seasons outside of the tropics.

answers: NDQ_005889

answers: axial tilt of the Earth results in seasons outside of the tropics.