text: During the year 2006, the last Rock station on FM disappeared from the airwaves and there was no longer support from the media. As a result, several hundreds of musicians started developing musical styles on underground movements and selfproducing, and also because of the lack of support from the media, the bands started promoting on the internet on sites such as Myspace.com and Rockrepublik.net and targeted on smaller audiences in more specific music genres, this also had as a consequence an overpopulation of musical projects which are still (nowadays) looking for a way to bring a new face to music in Guatemala.

text: During the year 2006, the last Rock station on FM disappeared from the airwaves and there was no longer support from the media. As a result, several hundreds of musicians started developing musical styles on underground movements and selfproducing, and also because of the lack of support from the media, the bands started promoting on the internet on sites such as Myspace.com and Rockrepublik.net and targeted on smaller audiences in more specific music genres, this also had as a consequence an overpopulation of musical projects which are still (nowadays) looking for a way to bring a new face to music in Guatemala.

method: ICT-DRMMTKS

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Guatemala

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation of musical projects

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: During the year 2006,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Guatemala.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Guatemala.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation of musical projects

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation of musical projects

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no longer support from the media.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: During the year 2006,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation of musical projects

text: Important to the finances of farmers operating small farms is their self-sufficiency in rice and floods adversely affect this factor, destroying harvests and arable land. Farmers hit are often forced to undertake distressed land selling and in doing so, risk being pushed into or deeper into poverty. In areas hard hit by floods, especially disaster floods such as the 1988 flood, several researchers have found that many of the affected households have resorted to selling off assets such as land and livestock to mitigate losses.

text: Important to the finances of farmers operating small farms is their self-sufficiency in rice and floods adversely affect this factor, destroying harvests and arable land. Farmers hit are often forced to undertake distressed land selling and in doing so, risk being pushed into or deeper into poverty. In areas hard hit by floods, especially disaster floods such as the 1988 flood, several researchers have found that many of the affected households have resorted to selling off assets such as land and livestock to mitigate losses.

method: dangnt-nlp

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: floods

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-eating

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: self-sufficiency in rice

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: self-sufficiency

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: areas hard hit by floods,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: floods

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: poverty.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: self-sufficiency in rice

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: floods

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: rice

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: self-sufficiency in rice

text: The terms can also be used to apply meaning to the taxation of select consumption, such as a tax on luxury goods and the exemption of basic necessities may be described as having progressive effects as it increases a tax burden on high end consumption and decreases a tax burden on low end consumption.

text: The terms can also be used to apply meaning to the taxation of select consumption, such as a tax on luxury goods and the exemption of basic necessities may be described as having progressive effects as it increases a tax burden on high end consumption and decreases a tax burden on low end consumption.

method: Bert-ConvKNRM

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increasing the tax burden on high end consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: basic necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high end consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: decreases a tax burden on low end consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: decreases a tax burden on low end consumption.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: high end consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: a tax on luxury goods

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: terms can also be used to apply meaning to the taxation of select consumption,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: decreases a tax burden on low end consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: taxation of select consumption,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: a tax on luxury goods

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption,

text: Highly excessive consumption over a period of time results in a condition of carotenemia which is a yellowing of the skin caused by a build up of carotenoids.

text: Highly excessive consumption over a period of time results in a condition of

entity_name: Carotenosis

text: carotenemia

text: which is a yellowing of the skin caused by a build up of carotenoids.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: carotenemia

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carotenoids

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating too much

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: carotenemia

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Highly excessive consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Highly excessive consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: carotenemia

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carotenemia

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Highly excessive consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Highly excessive consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: carotenemia

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Highly excessive consumption over a period of time

text: Lady Bird Lake has been stocked with several species of fish intended to improve the utility of the reservoir for recreational fishing. Fish present in Lady Bird Lake include largemouth bass, catfish, carp, and sunfish.  A ban on the consumption of fish caught in the lake was issued by the City of Austin in 1990, as a result of excessively high levels of chlordane found in the fish.  Although the use of chlordane as a pesticide was banned in the United States in 1988, the chemical sticks strongly to soil particles and can continue to pollute groundwater for years after its application.  The ban on the consumption of fish caught in the lake was finally lifted in 1999.

text: Lady Bird Lake has been stocked with several species of fish intended to improve the utility of the reservoir for recreational fishing. Fish present in Lady Bird Lake include

entity_name: Largemouth bass

text: largemouth bass

entity_name: Catfish

text: catfish

entity_name: Carp

text: carp

text: , and

entity_name: Centrarchidae

text: sunfish

text: .  A ban on the consumption of fish caught in the lake was issued by the City of Austin in 1990, as a result of excessively high levels of

entity_name: Chlordane

text: chlordane

text: found in the fish.  Although the use of chlordane as a pesticide was banned in the United States in 1988, the chemical sticks strongly to soil particles and can continue to pollute groundwater for years after its application.  The ban on the consumption of fish caught in the lake was finally lifted in 1999.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Austin

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: chlordane

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high levels of chlordane

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: chlordane as a pesticide was banned in the United States

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1990,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Austin

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1990, as a result of excessively high levels of chlordane

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: chlordane

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: excessively high levels of chlordane

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: excessively high levels of chlordane

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: fish intended to improve the utility of the reservoir for recreational fishing.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessively high levels of chlordane

text: At this point, the history of North and South Korea sharply diverged.  In the 1960s under President Park Chung Hee, industrialization began to give South Korea the economic and cultural power it holds in the global economy today. Agriculture was increased through use of commercial fertilizers and modern farming equipment. In the 1970s, food shortages began to lessen. Consumption of instant and processed foods increased, as did the overall quality of foods. Livestock and dairy production was increased during the 1970s through the increase of commercial dairies and mechanized farms. The consumption of pork and beef increased vastly in the 1970s. Per-capita consumption of meat was 3.6 kg in 1961 and 11 kg by 1979. The result of this increased meat consumption brought about the rise of bulgogi restaurants, which gave the middle class of South Korea the ability to enjoy meat regularly. Meat eating continued to rise, reaching 40 kg in 1997, with fish consumption at 49.5 kg in 1998. Rice consumption continually decreased through these years, with 128 kg consumed per person in 1985 to 106 kg in 1995 and 83 kg in 2003. The decrease in rice consumption has been accompanied by an increase in the consumption of bread and noodles.

text: At this point, the history of North and South Korea sharply diverged.  In the 1960s under President

entity_name: Park Chung-hee

text: Park Chung Hee

text: , industrialization began to give South Korea the economic and cultural power it holds in the global economy today. Agriculture was increased through use of commercial fertilizers and modern farming equipment. In the 1970s, food shortages began to lessen. Consumption of instant and processed foods increased, as did the overall quality of foods.

entity_name: Livestock

text: Livestock

text: and dairy production was increased during the 1970s through the increase of commercial dairies and mechanized farms. The consumption of pork and beef increased vastly in the 1970s. Per-capita consumption of meat was 3.6 kg in 1961 and 11 kg by 1979. The result of this increased meat consumption brought about the rise of

entity_name: Bulgogi

text: bulgogi

text: restaurants, which gave the middle class of South Korea the ability to enjoy meat regularly. Meat eating continued to rise, reaching 40 kg in 1997, with fish consumption at 49.5 kg in 1998. Rice consumption continually decreased through these years, with 128 kg consumed per person in 1985 to 106 kg in 1995 and 83 kg in 2003. The decrease in rice consumption has been accompanied by an increase in the consumption of bread and noodles.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: industrialization began to give South Korea

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: North Korea

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: In the 1970s, food shortages began to lessen

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of instant and processed foods increased, as did the overall quality of foods

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: economic and cultural power it holds in the global economy today.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: food shortages began to lessen.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: North and South Korea

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: food shortages began to lessen.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Rice consumption continually decreased

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: commercial fertilizers and modern farming equipment.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: commercial fertilizers

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: In the 1970s,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption of instant and processed foods

text: There are also claims that the Green Revolution has decreased food security for a large number of people. One claim involves the shift of subsistence-oriented cropland to cropland oriented towards production of grain for export or animal feed. For example, the Green Revolution replaced much of the land used for pulses that fed Indian peasants for wheat, which did not make up a large portion of the peasant diet.

text: There are also claims that the Green Revolution has decreased food security for a large number of people. One claim involves the shift of subsistence-oriented cropland to cropland oriented towards production of grain for export or animal feed. For example, the Green Revolution replaced much of the land used for

entity_name: Legume

text: pulses

text: that fed Indian peasants for wheat, which did not make up a large portion of the peasant diet.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: decreased food security

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: decreased food security

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: subsistence-oriented

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: decreased food security for a large number of people.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the Green Revolution has decreased food security

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food security

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: decreased food security

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the Green Revolution has decreased food security

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: food security

text: A main criticism of the effects of the green revolution is the cost for many small farmers using HYV seeds, with their associated demands of increased irrigation systems and pesticides. A case study is found in India, where farmers are buying Monsanto BT cotton seeds—sold on the idea that these seeds produced 'natural insecticides'. In reality, they need to still pay for expensive pesticides and irrigation systems, which might lead to increased borrowing to finance the change from traditional seed varieties. Many farmers have difficulty paying for the expensive technologies, especially if they have a bad harvest.

text: A main criticism of the effects of the green revolution is the cost for many small farmers using HYV seeds, with their associated demands of increased irrigation systems and pesticides. A case study is found in India, where farmers are buying

entity_name: Monsanto

text: Monsanto

text: BT cotton seeds—sold on the idea that these seeds produced 'natural insecticides'. In reality, they need to still pay for expensive pesticides and irrigation systems, which might lead to increased borrowing to finance the change from traditional seed varieties. Many farmers have difficulty paying for the expensive technologies, especially if they have a bad harvest.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased borrowing to finance the change from traditional seed varieties

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pesticides

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increased borrowing to finance the change

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased borrowing to finance the change

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the cost for many small farmers using HYV seeds,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: green revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: India,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pesticides.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: irrigation systems and pesticides.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pesticides.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: A main criticism of the effects of the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased borrowing

text: [[File:Green lantern 76.JPG|left|thumb|upright|Green Lantern (vol. 2) #76 (April 1970). Cover art by Neal Adams.]]In the early 1970s, Green Arrow became a co-feature with Green Lantern (Hal Jordan) in an acclaimed series of stories by O'Neil and Adams that dealt with various social and political issues. The two co-stars served to represent contrasting sociopolitical viewpoints: Green Arrow spoke for radical change while Green Lantern was an establishment liberal figure, wanting to work within existing institutions of government and law. Queen convinces Jordan to see beyond his strict obedience to the Green Lantern Corps, to help those who were neglected or discriminated against. O'Neil explained: "He would be a hot-tempered anarchist to contrast with the cerebral, sedate model citizen who was Green Lantern." The duo embark on a quest in a beat-up pickup truck to "find America", along the way witnessing the problems of corruption, racism, pollution, as well as overpopulation confronting the nation. One story (in issues #78-79) was even widely interpreted as an allegory for the Manson Family cult murders, though O'Neil has emphasized that the story was about the authoritarian left and not Manson.

text: [[File:Green lantern 76.JPG|left|thumb|upright|Green Lantern (vol. 2) #76 (April 1970). Cover art by

entity_name: Neal Adams

text: Neal Adams

text: .]]In the early 1970s, Green Arrow became a co-feature with

entity_name: Green Lantern

text: Green Lantern

entity_name: Hal Jordan

text: Hal Jordan

text: ) in an acclaimed series of stories by O'Neil and Adams that dealt with various social and political issues. The two co-stars served to represent contrasting sociopolitical viewpoints: Green Arrow spoke for radical change while Green Lantern was an establishment liberal figure, wanting to work within existing institutions of government and law. Queen convinces Jordan to see beyond his strict obedience to the

entity_name: Green Lantern Corps

text: Green Lantern Corps

text: , to help those who were neglected or discriminated against. O'Neil explained: "He would be a hot-tempered anarchist to contrast with the cerebral, sedate model citizen who was Green Lantern." The duo embark on a quest in a beat-up

entity_name: Pickup truck

text: pickup truck

text: to "find America", along the way witnessing the problems of corruption, racism, pollution, as well as overpopulation confronting the nation. One story (in issues #78-79) was even widely interpreted as an allegory for the

entity_name: Manson Family

text: Manson Family

text: cult murders, though O'Neil has emphasized that the story was about the

entity_name: Political compass

text: authoritarian left

text: and not Manson.

method: Bert-DRMMTKS

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the Manson Family cult murders

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: America

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: [[File:Green lantern 76.JPG|left|thumb|upright|Green Lantern (vol. 2) #76 (April 1970). Cover art by Neal Adams.]]

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: corruption, racism, pollution, as well as overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: corruption, racism, pollution, as well as overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: America",

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pollution, as well as overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green Arrow became a co-feature with Green Lantern

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: But for many industrial economies, the opposite might be true as those economies often thrive on mortgaging the future by way of debt and retirement transfer payments that originally assumed rising tax revenues from a continually expanding population base (i.e. there would be fewer taxpayers in a declining population). However, standard of living does not necessarily correlate with quality of life, which may increase as the population declines due to presumably reduced pollution and consumption of natural resources, and the decline of social pressures and overutilization of resources that can be linked to overpopulation. There may also be reduced pressure on infrastructure, education, and other services as well.

text: But for many industrial economies, the opposite might be true as those economies often thrive on mortgaging the future by way of

entity_name: Debt

text: debt

text: and retirement

entity_name: Transfer payment

text: transfer payments

text: that originally assumed rising tax revenues from a continually expanding population base (i.e. there would be fewer taxpayers in a declining population). However,

entity_name: Standard of living

text: standard of living

text: does not necessarily correlate with

entity_name: Quality of life

text: quality of life

text: , which may increase as the population declines due to presumably reduced pollution and consumption of natural resources, and the decline of social pressures and overutilization of resources that can be linked to overpopulation. There may also be reduced pressure on

entity_name: Infrastructure

text: infrastructure

text: , education, and other services as well.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrial economies

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reduced pollution and consumption of natural resources,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increase as the population declines

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrial economies,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: rising tax revenues from a continually expanding population base

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: reduced pollution and consumption of natural resources,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: standard of living does not necessarily correlate with quality of life,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: Considered to be at the current cutting edge of green construction, the structure requires a number of technical, legal, and social innovations to achieve a high level of ecological performance.  The long term, 250 year design of the building created financing problems, as banks were unfamiliar with and thus hesitant to back such a project, because commercial buildings are typically financed based on an assumed 40-year lifespan. The   rainwater collection and UV light purification system has run into problems with local regulation, which require that water for consumption be chlorinated.  The builders are negotiating with the regulatory agency for independent testing of the building's water system as a substitute, but will be connected to the municipal water supply as a back-up.  The builders have negotiated with building material suppliers to ensure their products did not contain any of over 360 toxic chemicals; the supplier of the building sealant, for instance, agreed to remove phthalates from their product so that the building could use it.  The structure also includes social design elements to reduce consumer energy use: the building may provide immediate feedback on energy use and publicize the energy consumption of each user.

text: Considered to be at the current cutting edge of green construction, the structure requires a number of technical, legal, and social innovations to achieve a high level of ecological performance.  The long term, 250 year design of the building created financing problems, as banks were unfamiliar with and thus hesitant to back such a project, because commercial buildings are typically financed based on an assumed 40-year lifespan. The   rainwater collection and

entity_name: Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation

entity_section: Water sterilization

text: UV light purification system

text: has run into problems with local regulation, which require that water for consumption be

entity_name: Water chlorination

text: chlorinated

text: .  The builders are negotiating with the regulatory agency for independent testing of the building's water system as a substitute, but will be connected to the municipal water supply as a back-up.  The builders have negotiated with building material suppliers to ensure their products did not contain any of over 360 toxic chemicals; the supplier of the building sealant, for instance, agreed to remove

entity_name: Phthalate

text: phthalates

text: from their product so that the building could use it.  The structure also includes social design elements to reduce consumer energy use: the building may provide immediate feedback on energy use and publicize the energy consumption of each user.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a high level of ecological performance

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: toxic chemicals

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Which of the following is not a basic necessity: food, clean water, secure shelter and basic sanitation?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy use

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: financing problems,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: reduce consumer energy use:

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: municipal water supply as a back-up.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: chlorinated.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: toxic chemicals;

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: financing problems,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: toxic chemicals;

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: water for consumption be chlorinated.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: reduce consumer energy use:

text: Yukon is also the recipient of airborne pollutants from other parts of the world, especially Persistent Organic Pollutants. Consumption of the liver of certain wild animals and fish is no longer recommended because of these.

text: Yukon is also the recipient of airborne pollutants from other parts of the world, especially

entity_name: Persistent organic pollutant

text: Persistent Organic Pollutant

text: s. Consumption of the liver of certain wild animals and fish is no longer recommended because of these.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Yukon

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: persistent organic pollutants

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: airborne pollutants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of the liver

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Persistent Organic Pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Yukon is also the recipient of airborne pollutants

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Yukon

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Yukon

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Persistent Organic Pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Yukon is also the recipient of airborne pollutants

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: airborne pollutants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Yukon

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: airborne pollutants

text: Consumption of a tempting food by non-clinical individuals increases when self-regulatory resources are previously depleted by another task, suggesting that it is caused by a breakdown in self control.  Impulsive eating of unhealthy snack foods appears to be regulated by individual differences in impulsivity when self-control is weak and by attitudes towards the snack and towards healthy eating when self-control is strong. There is also evidence that greater food consumption occurs when people are in a sad mood, although it is possible that this is due more to emotional regulation than to a lack of self-control. In these cases, overeating will only take place if the food is palatable to the person, and if so individual differences in impulsivity can predict the amount of consumption.

text: Consumption of a tempting food by non-clinical individuals increases when self-regulatory resources are previously depleted by another task, suggesting that it is caused by a breakdown in

entity_name: Self-control

text: self control

text: .  Impulsive eating of unhealthy snack foods appears to be regulated by individual differences in impulsivity when self-control is weak and by attitudes towards the snack and towards healthy eating when self-control is strong. There is also evidence that greater food consumption occurs when people are in a sad mood, although it is possible that this is due more to emotional regulation than to a lack of self-control. In these cases, overeating will only take place if the food is palatable to the person, and if so individual differences in impulsivity can predict the amount of consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a breakdown in self control

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Consumption of a tempting food

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Consumption of a tempting food by non-clinical individuals

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Consumption of a tempting food by non-clinical individuals

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Consumption of a tempting food

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Consumption of a tempting food

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: a breakdown in self control.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Consumption of a tempting food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a breakdown in self control.

text: The  effect of a change in production creates a multiplied impact because it creates income which further creates consumption. However, the resulting consumption is also an expenditure which thus, generates more income, which creates more consumption. This next round of consumption leads to a further change in production, which generates even more income, and which induces even more consumption.

text: The  effect of a change in production creates a multiplied impact because it creates income which further creates consumption. However, the resulting consumption is also an expenditure which thus, generates more income, which creates more consumption. This next round of consumption leads to a further change in production, which generates even more income, and which induces even more consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: more consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: change in production

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you can afford

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The effect of a change in production

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The effect of a change in production creates a multiplied

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: effect of a change in production creates a multiplied impact

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: multiplied impact

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: a change in production

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The effect of a change in production

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: expenditure which thus, generates more income, which creates more consumption.

text: There are potentials to reduce substantially the use of natural resources without compromising human wealth. However, many studies show that economic growth “eats up” these gains at least partially: if the economy grows by 2% per annum we need an increasing resource productivity by 4% in order to achieve a 2% reduction of the absolute resource use. While eco-efficiency aims to improve the effectiveness of material, energy, and land use, eco-sufficiency aims at reducing negative environmental consequences through a reduction of the demand for consumer goods.

text: There are potentials to reduce substantially the use of

text: natural resources

text: without compromising human wealth. However, many studies show that

text: economic growth

text: “eats up” these gains at least partially: if the economy grows by 2% per annum we need an increasing

text: resource productivity

text: by 4% in order to achieve a 2% reduction of the absolute resource use. While

text: eco-efficiency

text: aims to improve the effectiveness of material, energy, and land use, eco-sufficiency aims at reducing negative environmental consequences through a reduction of the demand for consumer goods.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reducing negative environmental consequences

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answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: negative environmental consequences

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: natural resources without compromising human wealth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: negative environmental consequences

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: eco-sufficiency aims at reducing negative environmental consequences

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: eco-sufficiency

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: negative environmental consequences

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: There are potentials to reduce substantially the use of natural resources

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: negative environmental consequences through a reduction of the demand for consumer goods.

text: There are two conflicting ways of measuring GHG emissions: production-based (sometimes referred to as territorial-based) or consumption-based. Production-based emissions take place “within national territory and offshore areas over which the country has jurisdiction”. Consumption-based emissions encompass those emissions from domestic final consumption and those caused by the production of its imports. This means the importing country takes responsibility for emissions related to production of the exporting country’s exports. By these definitions production-based emissions include exports but exclude imports and emissions embodied in international trade, whereas consumption-based emissions refer to the reverse (Table 1).

text: There are two conflicting ways of measuring GHG emissions: production-based (sometimes referred to as territorial-based) or consumption-based. Production-based emissions take place “within national territory and offshore areas over which the country has jurisdiction”. Consumption-based emissions encompass those emissions from domestic final consumption and those caused by the production of its imports. This means the importing country takes responsibility for emissions related to production of the exporting country’s exports. By these definitions production-based emissions include exports but exclude imports and emissions embodied in international trade, whereas consumption-based emissions refer to the reverse (Table 1).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: GHG emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: GHG emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: GHG emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption-based emissions

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: There are two conflicting ways of measuring GHG emissions:

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: There are two conflicting ways of measuring GHG emissions:

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Consumption-based emissions

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: There are two conflicting ways of measuring GHG emissions:

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: GHG emissions:

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: GHG emissions:

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: GHG emissions:

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Consumption-based emissions

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption-based emissions encompass those emissions from domestic final consumption

text: In the 20th century, the significant improvement of the material standard of living of a society, and the consequent emergence of the middle class, broadly applied the term "conspicuous consumption" to the men, women, and households who possessed the discretionary income that allowed them to practice the patterns of economic consumption—of goods and services—which were motivated by the desire for prestige, the public display of social status, rather than by the intrinsic, practical utility of the goods and the services proper. In the 1920s, economists, such as Paul Nystrom (1878–1969), proposed that changes in the style of life, made feasible by the economics of the industrial age, had induced to the mass of society a "philosophy of futility" that would increase the consumption of goods and services as a social fashion; an activity done for its own sake. In that context, "conspicuous consumption" is discussed either as a behavioural addiction or as a narcissistic behaviour, or both, which are psychologic conditions induced by consumerism—the desire for the immediate gratification of hedonic expectations.

text: In the 20th century, the significant improvement of the material

text: standard of living

text: of a society, and the consequent emergence of the

text: middle class

text: , broadly applied the term "conspicuous consumption" to the men, women, and households who possessed the

text: discretionary income

text: that allowed them to practice the patterns of economic

text: consumption

text: —of goods and services—which were motivated by the desire for

text: prestige

text: , the public display of

text: social status

text: , rather than by the intrinsic, practical

text: utility

text: of the goods and the services proper. In the 1920s, economists, such as

text: Paul Nystrom

text: (1878–1969), proposed that changes in the style of life, made feasible by the economics of the

text: industrial age

text: , had induced to the mass of society a "philosophy of futility" that would increase the consumption of goods and services as a social fashion; an activity done for its own sake. In that context, "conspicuous consumption" is discussed either as a

text: behavioural addiction

text: or as a

text: narcissistic behaviour

text: , or both, which are psychologic conditions induced by

text: consumerism

text: —the desire for the immediate gratification of

text: hedonic

text: expectations.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: emergence of the middle class

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: emergence of the middle class

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the desire for the immediate gratification of hedonic expectations

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: emergence of the middle class,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: improvement of the material standard of living of a society,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 20th century,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In the 20th century,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: "conspicuous consumption"

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: emergence of the middle class,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: "philosophy of futility"

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: intrinsic, practical utility

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumerism—the desire for the immediate gratification of hedonic expectations.

text: With increasing human population, pollution has become a great concern. Pollution from human activities is a problem that does not have to be inevitable. With a comprehensive pollution prevention program, most pollution can be reduced, reused, or prevented. The US Environmental Protection Agency works to introduce pollution prevention programs to reduce and manage waste. Reducing and managing pollution may decrease the number of deaths and illnesses from pollution-related diseases.

text: With increasing human population, pollution has become a great concern. Pollution from human activities is a problem that does not have to be inevitable. With a comprehensive pollution prevention program, most pollution can be reduced, reused, or prevented. The US

entity_name: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: works to introduce pollution prevention programs to reduce and manage waste. Reducing and managing pollution may decrease the number of deaths and illnesses from

text: pollution-related diseases

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming too much

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasing human population,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: increasing human population,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution has become a great concern.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution

text: Land reform in Zimbabwe officially began in 1980 with the signing of the Lancaster House Agreement, as an effort to more equitably distribute land between black subsistence farmers and white Zimbabweans of European ancestry, who had traditionally enjoyed superior political and economic status. The programme's targets were intended to alter the ethnic balance of land ownership. Inequalities in land ownership were inflated by a growing overpopulation, depletion of over-utilised tracts, and escalating poverty in subsistence areas parallel with the under-utilisation of land on commercial farms. However, the predominantly white commercial sector also provided a livelihood for over 30% of the paid workforce and accounted for some 40% of exports. Its principal crops included sugarcane, coffee, cotton, tobacco, and several varieties of high-yield hybrid maize. Both the commercial farms and the subsistence sector maintained large cattle herds, but over 60% of domestic beef was furnished by the former. In sharp contrast, the life of typical subsistence farmers was difficult, and their labour poorly rewarded. As erosion increased, the ability of the subsistence sector to feed its adherents diminished to an alarming degree.

text: Land reform in Zimbabwe officially began in 1980 with the signing of the

text: Lancaster House Agreement

text: , as an effort to more equitably distribute land between black subsistence farmers and

text: white Zimbabweans of European ancestry

text: , who had traditionally enjoyed

text: superior political and economic status

text: . The programme's targets were intended to alter the ethnic balance of land ownership. Inequalities in land ownership were inflated by a growing overpopulation,

text: depletion of over-utilised tracts

text: , and escalating poverty in subsistence areas parallel with the under-utilisation of land on commercial farms. However, the predominantly white commercial sector also provided a livelihood for over 30% of the paid workforce and accounted for some 40% of exports. Its principal crops included

text: sugarcane

text: coffee

text: cotton

text: tobacco

text: , and several varieties of high-yield hybrid

text: maize

text: . Both the commercial farms and the subsistence sector maintained large cattle herds, but over 60% of domestic beef was furnished by the former. In sharp contrast, the life of typical subsistence farmers was difficult, and their labour poorly rewarded. As

text: erosion

text: increased, the ability of the subsistence sector to feed its adherents diminished to an alarming degree.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Land reform in Zimbabwe officially began

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: subsistence areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Tobacco

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: sugarcane, coffee, cotton, tobacco, and several varieties of high-yield hybrid maize

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: erosion

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-utilised tracts

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: escalating poverty

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 30% of the paid workforce and accounted for some 40% of exports.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: subsistence areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Land reform in Zimbabwe

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: erosion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: high-yield hybrid maize.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: erosion

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Land reform in Zimbabwe

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-utilised tracts,

text: Overpopulation does not depend only on the size or density of the population, but on the ratio of population to available sustainable resources. It also depends on how resources are managed and distributed throughout the population.

text: Overpopulation does not depend only on the size or density of the population, but on the ratio of population to available sustainable resources. It also depends on how resources are managed and distributed throughout the population.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: not enough information

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

text: Malawi being an agricultural based economy production is dependent on natural resources whose availability and stability cannot be guaranteed in the area. Livelihoods are affected by non sustainable practices such as wanton cutting down of trees, shifting cultivation, and poor agricultural practices. The drivers of deforestation and soil erosion are interrelated with growing human population, increased demand of firewood and limited job opportunities being the main ones. The State of Environment Report of 2000 for the district identified five pressing environmental issues for the district and these included: overpopulation, encroachment in water catchment areas, poor public place sanitation, declining fish catch from natural water bodies and loss of biodiversity. One other thing that has exacerbated the social economic status of the people in this district is the introduction of tea estates a long time ago which took almost all cultivatable land away from the inhabitants leaving them only with casual labouring in the estates as an alternative for survival. The estates do little, if not nothing, for the lives of these vulnerable people.

text: Malawi being an agricultural based economy production is dependent on natural resources whose availability and stability cannot be guaranteed in the area. Livelihoods are affected by non sustainable practices such as wanton cutting down of trees, shifting cultivation, and poor agricultural practices. The drivers of deforestation and

text: soil erosion

text: are interrelated with growing human population, increased demand of firewood and limited job opportunities being the main ones. The State of Environment Report of 2000 for the district identified five pressing environmental issues for the district and these included: overpopulation, encroachment in water catchment areas, poor public place sanitation, declining fish catch from natural water bodies and loss of biodiversity. One other thing that has exacerbated the social economic status of the people in this district is the introduction of tea estates a long time ago which took almost all cultivatable land away from the inhabitants leaving them only with casual labouring in the estates as an alternative for survival. The estates do little, if not nothing, for the lives of these vulnerable people.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Malawi

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: tea estates

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: tea estates

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Malawi

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Malawi

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation and soil erosion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Livelihoods

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: declining fish catch from natural water bodies

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Malawi

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: The total water withdrawal of 95 million m/yr is negligible compared to the available surface water resources. Domestic water consumption per capita is about 240 to 280 liters per day in urban areas and about 160 liters per day in rural areas. This is about equal to the amount consumed in industrialized countries. Seventy percent of the total water used in urban areas is surface water. Groundwater is also used as a source of drinking water in the cities of the Corozal, Orange Walk, Cayo and Toledo Districts and in some rural areas of Toledo and Cayo. Data on specific water sources used by industry is not really available; however, it is assumed that surface water is idustry's main water source. The amount of water used for irrigation is estimated to be less than one percent of total water withdrawal.

text: The total water withdrawal of 95 million m/yr is negligible compared to the available surface water resources. Domestic water consumption per capita is about 240 to 280 liters per day in urban areas and about 160 liters per day in rural areas. This is about equal to the amount consumed in industrialized countries. Seventy percent of the total water used in urban areas is surface water. Groundwater is also used as a source of drinking water in the cities of the Corozal, Orange Walk, Cayo and Toledo Districts and in some rural areas of Toledo and Cayo. Data on specific water sources used by industry is not really available; however, it is assumed that surface water is idustry's main water source. The amount of water used for irrigation is estimated to be less than one percent of total water withdrawal.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The amount of water used for irrigation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: negligible compared to the available surface water resources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The total water withdrawal of 95 million m/yr

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Corozal, Orange Walk, Cayo and Toledo Districts

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The total water withdrawal of 95 million m/yr

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The total water withdrawal

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The amount of water used for irrigation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: water withdrawal

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 240 to 280 liters per day

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: industrialized countries.

text: The widespread availability of nutritional guidelines has done little to address the problems of overeating and poor dietary choice. From 1971 to 2000, obesity rates in the United States increased from 14.5% to 30.9%. During the same period, an increase occurred in the average amount of food energy consumed. For women, the average increase was  per day ( in 1971 and  in 2004), while for men the average increase was  per day ( in 1971 and  in 2004). Most of this extra food energy came from an increase in carbohydrate consumption rather than fat consumption.  The primary sources of these extra carbohydrates are sweetened beverages, which now account for almost 25 percent of daily food energy in young adults in America, and potato chips.  Consumption of sweetened drinks such as soft drinks, fruit drinks, iced tea, and energy and vitamin water drinks is believed to be contributing to the rising rates of obesity and to an increased risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Vitamin D deficiency is related to diseases associated with obesity.

text: The widespread availability of

text: nutritional guidelines

text: has done little to address the problems of overeating and poor dietary choice. From 1971 to 2000, obesity rates in the United States increased from 14.5% to 30.9%. During the same period, an increase occurred in the average amount of food energy consumed. For women, the average increase was  per day ( in 1971 and  in 2004), while for men the average increase was  per day ( in 1971 and  in 2004). Most of this extra food energy came from an increase in carbohydrate consumption rather than fat consumption.  The primary sources of these extra carbohydrates are sweetened beverages, which now account for almost 25 percent of daily food energy in young adults in America, and potato chips.  Consumption of sweetened drinks such as soft drinks, fruit drinks, iced tea, and energy and vitamin water drinks is believed to be contributing to the rising rates of obesity and to an increased risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.

text: Vitamin D deficiency

text: is related to diseases associated with obesity.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overeating

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: obesity rates in the United States increased from 14.5% to 30.9%.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 14.5% to 30.9%.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: obesity rates in the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: obesity rates in the United States increased from 14.5% to 30.9%.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: obesity rates

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: obesity rates in the United States increased from 14.5% to 30.9%.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overeating and poor dietary choice.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The widespread availability of nutritional guidelines

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: poor dietary choice.

text: The local elementary school, Thorncliffe Park Public School was built in 1961. It is a K−5 school that began seeing signs of overpopulation in the late 1990s. It was largely overpopulated when in 1998 it had a student population of 1,500 and as many as 40 portables filled the schoolyard. The following year students had to be sent to the nearby Don Mills school due to a lack of space. Parents objected to this and Thorncliffe Public School began a massive addition. In October, 2003 the new addition opened and now Thorncliffe Park Public School is the largest elementary school in North America with a staggering 1900 students.

text: The local elementary school, Thorncliffe Park Public School was built in 1961. It is a K−5 school that began seeing signs of overpopulation in the late 1990s. It was largely overpopulated when in 1998 it had a student population of 1,500 and as many as 40 portables filled the schoolyard. The following year students had to be sent to the nearby Don Mills school due to a lack of space. Parents objected to this and Thorncliffe Public School began a massive addition. In October, 2003 the new addition opened and now Thorncliffe Park Public School is the largest elementary school in North America with a staggering 1900 students.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Don Mills

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Thorncliffe Park Public School is the largest elementary school in North America

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1,500

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Thorncliffe Park Public School was built in 1961.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: From that point it expanded out to improved basic farming practices, particularly for rice farmers.  The growth of crop yields was such that agriculture was able to outstrip population growth — per capita production increased every year following 1950 - with Asia leading the way. One of the more remarkable aspects of the Green Revolution is that the total cost of the program by 1990 was approximately US$100 million, less than what a single Boeing 747 airliner cost in 2005.

text: From that point it expanded out to improved basic farming practices, particularly for rice farmers.  The growth of crop yields was such that agriculture was able to outstrip population growth — per capita production increased every year following 1950 - with Asia leading the way. One of the more remarkable aspects of the Green Revolution is that the total cost of the program by 1990 was approximately US$100 million, less than what a single

text: Boeing 747

text: airliner cost in 2005.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the growth of crop yields

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: outstrip population growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: agriculture was able to outstrip population growth

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: agriculture was able to outstrip population growth

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: agriculture was able to outstrip population growth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: US$100 million,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: agriculture was able to outstrip population growth

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agriculture was able to outstrip population growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: farming practices,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: agriculture was able to outstrip population growth

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: agriculture was able to outstrip population growth

text: The content of the U.S. version in the year 2000 was analysed in Stibbe (2004). The findings suggested that Men's Health gave some useful health advice but included images of masculinity that were counter-productive for health promotion. In particular, the form of hegemonic masculinity promoted by the magazine had the potential to promote negative health behaviours such as excess alcohol consumption, excess meat consumption, reliance on convenience food, unsafe sex, and aggressive behavior. The scope of this study did not include how the content of the magazine has changed over time, or how the content of the UK version differs from the U.S. version.

text: The content of the U.S. version in the year 2000 was analysed in Stibbe (2004). The findings suggested that Men's Health gave some useful health advice but included images of

text: masculinity

text: that were counter-productive for health promotion. In particular, the form of hegemonic masculinity promoted by the magazine had the potential to promote negative health behaviours such as excess alcohol consumption, excess meat consumption, reliance on convenience food, unsafe sex, and aggressive behavior. The scope of this study did not include how the content of the magazine has changed over time, or how the content of the UK version differs from the U.S. version.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the UK version

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reliance on convenience food,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Stibbe (2004).

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: UK

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Stibbe (2004).

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: excess meat consumption,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: excess meat

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: excess alcohol consumption, excess meat consumption, reliance on convenience food,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Men's Health gave some useful health advice but included images of masculinity

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: negative health behaviours

text: The Green Revolution is upheld by some proponents of food security as a success story in increasing crop yields and combating world hunger. However, many in the food sovereignty movement are critical of the green revolution and accuse those who advocate it as following too much of a Western culture technocratic program that is out of touch with the needs of majority of small producers and peasants.

text: The

text: Green Revolution

text: is upheld by some proponents of food security as a success story in increasing crop yields and combating world hunger. However, many in the food sovereignty movement are critical of the green revolution and accuse those who advocate it as following too much of a

text: Western culture

text: technocratic

text: program that is out of touch with the needs of majority of small producers and

text: peasants

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increasing crop yields

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: combating world hunger

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Western culture

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increasing crop yields and combating world hunger.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: hunger.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: combating world hunger.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Western culture technocratic program

text: The system proved to be extremely efficient and reduced water consumption by as much as 90% by using the same water up to eight times over, giving the Class 25 locomotive a range of  between water refills. In addition, the hot condensate feedwater resulted in a significantly reduced coal consumption.

text: The system proved to be extremely efficient and reduced water consumption by as much as 90% by using the same water up to eight times over, giving the Class 25 locomotive a range of  between water refills. In addition, the hot condensate feedwater resulted in a significantly reduced coal consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: coal consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: water consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a significantly reduced coal consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 90%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The system proved to be extremely efficient and reduced water consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 90%

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: coal consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: water consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: hot condensate feedwater

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Class 25

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: water consumption

text: It has been suggested that overpopulation leads to increased levels of tensions both between and within countries. Modern usage of the term "lebensraum" supports the idea that overpopulation may promote warfare through fear of resource scarcity and increasing numbers of youth lacking the opportunity to engage in peaceful employment (the youth bulge theory).

text: It has been suggested that overpopulation leads to increased levels of tensions both between and within countries. Modern usage of the term

text: "lebensraum"

text: supports the idea that overpopulation may promote warfare through fear of resource scarcity and increasing numbers of youth lacking the opportunity to engage in peaceful employment (the

text: youth bulge theory

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation leads to increased levels of tensions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: "lebensraum"

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: warfare

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: The second equation concerns the saving behavior of households and is less intuitive. If households are maximizing their consumption intertemporally, at each point in time they equate the marginal benefit of consumption today with that of consumption in the future, or equivalently, the marginal benefit of consumption in the future with its marginal cost. Because this is an intertemporal problem this means an equalization of rates rather than levels. There are two reasons why households prefer to consume now rather than in the future. First, they discount future consumption. Second, because the utility function is concave, households prefer a smooth consumption path. An increasing or a decreasing consumption path lowers the utility of consumption in the future. Hence the following relationship characterizes the optimal relationship between the various rates:

text: The second equation concerns the saving behavior of households and is less intuitive. If households are maximizing their consumption intertemporally, at each point in time they equate the

text: marginal benefit

text: of consumption today with that of consumption in the future, or equivalently, the

text: marginal benefit

text: of consumption in the future with its

text: marginal cost

text: . Because this is an intertemporal problem this means an equalization of rates rather than levels. There are two reasons why households prefer to consume now rather than in the future. First, they discount future consumption. Second, because the

text: utility

text: function is concave, households prefer a smooth consumption path. An increasing or a decreasing consumption path lowers the utility of consumption in the future. Hence the following relationship characterizes the optimal relationship between the various rates:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a smooth consumption path

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: saving behavior of households

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The second equation concerns the saving behavior of households

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The second equation concerns the saving behavior of households

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The second equation concerns the saving behavior of households

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The second equation concerns the saving behavior of households

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: they discount future consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: An increasing or a decreasing consumption path

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The second equation concerns the saving behavior of households

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: maximizing their consumption

text: The natural resources consumption tax is a kind of tax which is aimed to help ensure long run sustainability by increasing awareness of natural resource consumption.

text: The natural resources consumption tax is a kind of

text: tax

text: which is aimed to help ensure long run

text: sustainability

text: by increasing awareness of

text: natural resource

text: consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: natural resources consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: natural resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainability by increasing awareness of natural resource consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The natural resources consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The natural resources consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The natural resources consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The natural resources consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: sustainability

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The natural resources consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The natural resources consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: sustainability by increasing awareness of natural resource consumption.

text: Agricultural land can actually suffer from the destruction of the surrounding landscape. Over the past 50 years, the destruction of habitat surrounding agricultural land has degraded approximately 40% of agricultural land worldwide via erosion, salinization, compaction, nutrient depletion, pollution, and urbanization. Humans also lose direct uses of natural habitat when habitat is destroyed. Aesthetic uses such as birdwatching, recreational uses like hunting and fishing, and ecotourism usually rely upon virtually undisturbed habitat. Many people value the complexity of the natural world and are disturbed by the loss of natural habitats and animal or plant species worldwide.

text: Agricultural land can actually suffer from the destruction of the surrounding landscape. Over the past 50 years, the destruction of habitat surrounding agricultural land has degraded approximately 40% of agricultural land worldwide via

text: erosion

text: salinization

text: compaction

text: nutrient depletion

text: pollution

text: , and

text: urbanization

text: . Humans also lose direct uses of natural habitat when habitat is destroyed. Aesthetic uses such as

text: birdwatching

text: , recreational uses like

text: hunting

text: and

text: fishing

text: , and

text: ecotourism

text: usually rely upon virtually undisturbed habitat. Many people value the complexity of the natural world and are disturbed by the loss of natural habitats and animal or plant species worldwide.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: nutrient depletion

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urbanization

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: destruction of habitat surrounding agricultural land

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 40% of agricultural land worldwide

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 40%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urbanization.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 40%

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 40%

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Agricultural land can actually suffer from the destruction of the surrounding landscape.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Many people value the complexity of the natural world

text: The Action-Compatibility Effect also states that the brain resources used to plan and carry out actions are also used in language comprehension; therefore, if an action implied in a sentence is different from the suggested response, there is interference within these brain resources.

text: The Action-Compatibility Effect also states that the brain resources used to plan and carry out actions are also used in language comprehension; therefore, if an action implied in a sentence is different from the suggested response, there is interference within these brain resources.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: interference within these brain resources

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: decreasing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: have enough clean water for drinking

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: the waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: interference

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: interference within these brain resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The Action-Compatibility Effect

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Action-Compatibility Effect

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The Action-Compatibility Effect

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Action-Compatibility Effect

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The Action-Compatibility Effect

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The Action-Compatibility Effect

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: interference within these brain resources.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Action-Compatibility Effect

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: interference

text: The sculpture intended to send out a message to the rich part of the world, and seems to create focus on our obesity due to over consumption while people in the third world are dying of hunger. Due to the imbalanced distribution of the resources in the world, the most people in the western countries are living comfortably, they are oppressing the poor people by means of an unjust world trade. The rich countries are by means of tariff barriers and subsidies keeping the poor countries out of the markets of the West.

text: The sculpture intended to send out a message to the rich part of the world, and seems to create focus on our obesity due to over consumption while people in the third world are dying of hunger. Due to the imbalanced distribution of the resources in the world, the most people in the western countries are living comfortably, they are oppressing the poor people by means of an unjust world trade. The rich countries are by means of tariff barriers and subsidies keeping the poor countries out of the markets of the West.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unjust world trade

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: third world

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: obesity

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: people in the third world are dying of hunger

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unjust world trade

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: obesity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: obesity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the most people in the western countries are living comfortably,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: third world

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: people in the third world are dying of hunger.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: obesity

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: obesity due to over consumption while people in the third world are dying of hunger.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalanced distribution of the resources in the world,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: obesity due to over consumption while people in the third world are dying of hunger.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: obesity

text: Furthermore, traditional agricultural methods heavily utilized by women subsistence farmers boast environmentally friendly features, such as seed preservation, natural fertilizers and crop rotation techniques that do not exhaust delicate soil. In the wake of Green Revolution’s reforms, it is clear that many of the high yield recommendations had severe environmental impacts.The negative environmental impacts of the Green Revolution are barely beginning to show their full affect. The widespread chemical pollution in communities that utilize pesticides and herbicides is creating a public health problem, which has disproportionately impacted women.

text: Furthermore, traditional agricultural methods heavily utilized by women subsistence farmers boast environmentally friendly features, such as seed preservation, natural fertilizers and crop rotation techniques that do not exhaust delicate soil. In the wake of Green Revolution’s reforms, it is clear that many of the high yield recommendations had severe environmental impacts.The negative environmental impacts of the

text: Green Revolution

text: are barely beginning to show their full affect. The widespread chemical pollution in communities that utilize pesticides and herbicides is creating a public health problem, which has disproportionately impacted women.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: severe environmental impacts

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: How many people do not have enough clean water for drinking?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: chemical pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: environmental impacts

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: widespread chemical pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high yield recommendations

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: many of the high yield recommendations had severe environmental impacts.The

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Green Revolution’s

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution’s

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The widespread chemical pollution in communities that utilize pesticides and herbicides

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: chemical pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: many of the high yield recommendations had severe environmental impacts.The

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: chemical pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green Revolution’s

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: heavily utilized by women subsistence farmers

text: Some sources of pollution such as transit traffic at the Oakland International Airport and highways are not under the jurisdiction of the City and would call for mobilization of communities to decrease. By the City’s calculations, Upstream emissions from material consumption, air travel, and transportation on roads and highways were the major sources of pollution. BART produces zero carbon thanks to a direct access contract.

text: Some sources of pollution such as transit traffic at the Oakland International Airport and highways are not under the jurisdiction of the City and would call for mobilization of communities to decrease. By the City’s calculations, Upstream emissions from material consumption, air travel, and transportation on roads and highways were the major sources of pollution. BART produces zero carbon thanks to a direct access contract.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Oakland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the major sources of pollution?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: material consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: BART produces zero carbon

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: decrease.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Oakland International Airport

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Some sources of pollution such as transit traffic at the Oakland International Airport

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: BART produces zero carbon

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Upstream emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Upstream emissions from material consumption,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Upstream emissions from material consumption,

text: John Nyman suggests that two types of moral hazard exist: efficient and inefficient moral hazard. Efficient moral hazard is the viewpoint that the over consumption of medical care brought forth by insurance does not always produce a welfare loss to society. Rather, individuals attain better health through the increased consumption of medical care, making them more productive and netting an overall benefit to societal welfare. Also, Nyman suggests that individuals purchase insurance to obtain an income transfer when they become ill, as opposed to the traditionalist stance that individuals diversify risk via insurance.

text: John Nyman suggests that two types of moral hazard exist: efficient and inefficient moral hazard. Efficient moral hazard is the viewpoint that the over consumption of medical care brought forth by insurance does not always produce a welfare loss to society. Rather, individuals attain better health through the increased consumption of medical care, making them more productive and netting an overall benefit to societal welfare. Also, Nyman suggests that individuals purchase insurance to obtain an income transfer when they become ill, as opposed to the traditionalist stance that individuals diversify risk via insurance.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: welfare loss

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: societal welfare

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Efficient moral hazard

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: individuals attain better health

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overall benefit to societal welfare.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: efficient and inefficient moral hazard.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: John Nyman

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: welfare loss to society.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: productive

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over consumption of medical care

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: John Nyman

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: medical care

text: In an economy, the consumption of Veblen goods is a function of the Veblen effect (goods desired for being over-priced) that is named after the American economist Thorstein Veblen, who first identified conspicuous consumption as a mode of status-seeking in The Theory of the Leisure Class (1899).

text: In an economy, the consumption of Veblen goods is a function of the Veblen effect (goods desired for being over-priced) that is named after the American economist

text: Thorstein Veblen

text: , who first identified

text: conspicuous consumption

text: as a mode of

text: status

text: -seeking in

text: The Theory of the Leisure Class

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Veblen goods

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what is the Veblen effect

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the Veblen effect

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the consumption of Veblen goods

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Veblen effect

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Veblen effect

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Veblen effect

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Veblen effect

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the consumption of Veblen goods

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-priced)

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: In an economy, the consumption of Veblen goods

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: (goods desired for being over-priced)

text: Scholars such as Sen suggest poverty gap index offers quantitative improvement over simply counting the poor below the poverty line, but remains limited at the qualitative level. Focusing on precisely measuring income gap diverts the attention from qualitative aspects such as capabilities, skills and personal resources that may sustainably eradicate poverty. A better measure would focus on capabilities and consequent consumption side of impoverished households. These suggestions were initially controversial, and have over time inspired scholars to propose numerous refinements.

text: Scholars such as Sen suggest poverty gap index offers quantitative improvement over simply counting the poor below the poverty line, but remains limited at the qualitative level. Focusing on precisely measuring income gap diverts the attention from qualitative aspects such as capabilities, skills and personal resources that may sustainably eradicate poverty. A better measure would focus on capabilities and consequent consumption side of impoverished households. These suggestions were initially controversial, and have over time inspired scholars to propose numerous refinements.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: impoverished households

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: numerous refinements.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: poverty gap index offers quantitative improvement over simply counting the poor below the poverty line,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: poverty gap index offers quantitative improvement over simply counting the poor below the poverty line,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: poverty gap index offers quantitative improvement over simply counting the poor below the poverty line,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: poverty.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: poverty gap index offers quantitative improvement over simply counting the poor below the poverty line,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Focusing on precisely measuring income gap

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: capabilities, skills and personal resources

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption side of impoverished households.

text: Many of these problems are explored in the dystopic science fiction film Soylent Green, where an overpopulated Earth suffers from food shortages, depleted resources and poverty and in the documentary "Aftermath: Population Overload".

text: Many of these problems are explored in the dystopic science fiction film

text: Soylent Green

text: , where an overpopulated Earth suffers from food shortages, depleted resources and poverty and in the documentary "

text: Aftermath: Population Overload

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Soylent Green

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: food shortages

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: food shortages, depleted resources and poverty

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: "Aftermath: Population Overload".

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulated Earth

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "Aftermath: Population Overload".

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food shortages, depleted resources and poverty

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulated Earth suffers from food shortages,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Population Overload".

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Soylent Green,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulated

text: All living organisms require resources to survive. Overexploitation of these resources for protracted periods can deplete natural stocks to the point where they are unable to recover within a short time frame. Humans have always harvested food and other resources they have needed to survive.  Human populations, historically, were small, and methods of collection limited to small quantities. With an exponential increase in human population, expanding markets and increasing demand, combined with improved access and techniques for capture, are causing the exploitation of many species beyond sustainable levels.  In practical terms, if continued, it reduces valuable resources to such low levels that their exploitation is no longer sustainable and can lead to the extinction of a species, in addition to having dramatic, unforeseen effects, on the ecosystem. Overexploitation often occurs rapidly as markets open, utilising previously untapped resources, or locally used species.

text: All living organisms require resources to survive. Overexploitation of these resources for protracted periods can deplete natural stocks to the point where they are unable to recover within a short time frame. Humans have always harvested food and other resources they have needed to survive.  Human populations, historically, were small, and methods of collection limited to small quantities. With an exponential increase in human population, expanding markets and increasing demand, combined with improved access and techniques for capture, are causing the exploitation of many species beyond sustainable levels.  In practical terms, if continued, it reduces valuable resources to such low levels that their exploitation is no longer sustainable and can lead to the

text: extinction

text: of a species, in addition to having dramatic, unforeseen

text: effects

text: , on the

text: ecosystem

text: . Overexploitation often occurs rapidly as markets open, utilising previously untapped resources, or locally used species.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: untapped resources

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the exploitation of many species beyond sustainable levels

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overexploitation of these resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overexploitation of these resources for protracted periods

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: causing the exploitation of many species beyond sustainable levels.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: exponential increase in human population,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: exponential increase in human population,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overexploitation of these resources for protracted periods can deplete natural stocks

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Overexploitation of these resources for protracted periods can deplete natural stocks

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: causing the exploitation of many species beyond sustainable levels.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overexploitation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Humans have always harvested food and other resources they have needed to survive.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overexploitation of these resources for protracted periods

text: The activities of the public sector are measured to a large extent by the public consumption. A reduction or increase in the consumption reflects the involvement extent of the state in the Israeli economy.

text: The activities of the public sector are measured to a large extent by the public consumption. A reduction or increase in the consumption reflects the involvement extent of the state in the Israeli economy.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: public consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Israel

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: public consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: public consumption.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Israeli economy.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: public consumption.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: public consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: public consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: public consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increase

text: Thus far it has been implied that one must implement either production-based accounting or consumption-based accounting. However, there are arguments that the answer lies somewhere in the middle i.e. emissions should be shared between the importing and exporting countries. This approach asserts that although it is the final consumer that ultimately initiates the production, the activities that create the product and associated pollution also contribute to the producing country’s GDP. This topic is still developing in the literature principally through works by Rodrigues et al., Lenzen et al., Marques et al. as well as through empirical studies by such as Andrew and Forgie. Crucially it proposes that at each stage of the supply chain the emissions are shared by some pre-defined criteria between the different actors involved.

text: Thus far it has been implied that one must implement either production-based accounting or consumption-based accounting. However, there are arguments that the answer lies somewhere in the middle i.e. emissions should be shared between the importing and exporting countries. This approach asserts that although it is the final consumer that ultimately initiates the production, the activities that create the product and associated pollution also contribute to the producing country’s GDP. This topic is still developing in the literature principally through works by Rodrigues et al., Lenzen et al., Marques et al. as well as through empirical studies by such as Andrew and Forgie. Crucially it proposes that at each stage of the supply chain the emissions are shared by some pre-defined criteria between the different actors involved.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: emissions being shared

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption-based accounting

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: emissions should be shared between the importing and exporting countries.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: emissions should be shared between the importing and exporting countries.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: importing and exporting countries.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: emissions should be shared between the importing and exporting countries.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: emissions should be shared between the importing and exporting countries.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: emissions should be shared between the importing and exporting countries.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption-based accounting.

text: There are two main pollutants of water in Pristina: collective pollutants and industrial pollutants. Collective pollutants are households and individuals that throw waste in water and have common canalization system. Industrial pollutants are the largest industrial pollutants, such as agriculture, chemicals, and ironmongery pollutants. There are 6 individual pollutants in Prishtevka River, and 1 collective pollutant. There are 15 collective pollutants in Llapi River, and 7 individual pollutants. Sitnica River has 24 collective pollutants and 7 individual pollutants, and Gracanka River has 3 collective pollutants, and 1 individual pollutant. The table below shows the individualpollutants in Pristina and their landfills.

text: There are two main pollutants of water in Pristina: collective pollutants and industrial pollutants. Collective pollutants are households and individuals that throw waste in water and have common canalization system. Industrial pollutants are the largest industrial pollutants, such as agriculture, chemicals, and ironmongery pollutants. There are 6 individual pollutants in Prishtevka River, and 1 collective pollutant. There are 15 collective pollutants in Llapi River, and 7 individual pollutants. Sitnica River has 24 collective pollutants and 7 individual pollutants, and Gracanka River has 3 collective pollutants, and 1 individual pollutant. The table below shows the individualpollutants in Pristina and their landfills.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Gracanka River

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Chemicals

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: industrial pollutants

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: industrial pollutants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: collective pollutants

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: canalization system.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 15 collective pollutants

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Gracanka River

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Industrial pollutants

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Industrial pollutants

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Industrial pollutants

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Collective pollutants are households and individuals that throw waste in water

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: There are two main pollutants of water in Pristina:

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Collective pollutants

text: Power consumption has become increasingly important, not only in mobile devices such as laptops but also in server and desktop markets. Increasing data center machine density has led to problems delivering sufficient power to devices (especially for spin up), and getting rid of the waste heat subsequently produced, as well as environmental and electrical cost concerns (see green computing). Heat dissipation is tied directly to power consumption, and as drives age, disk failure rates increase at higher drive temperatures. Similar issues exist for large companies with thousands of desktop PCs. Smaller form factor drives often use less power than larger drives. One interesting development in this area is actively controlling the seek speed so that the head arrives at its destination only just in time to read the sector, rather than arriving as quickly as possible and then having to wait for the sector to come around (i.e. the rotational latency). Many of the hard drive companies are now producing Green Drives that require much less power and cooling. Many of these Green Drives spin slower (<5,400 rpm compared to 7,200, 10,000 or 15,000 rpm) thereby generating less heat. Power consumption can also be reduced by parking the drive heads when the disk is not in use reducing friction, adjusting spin speeds, and disabling internal components when not in use.

text: Power consumption

text: has become increasingly important, not only in mobile devices such as laptops but also in server and desktop markets. Increasing data center machine density has led to problems delivering sufficient power to devices (especially for spin up), and getting rid of the waste heat subsequently produced, as well as environmental and electrical cost concerns (see

text: green computing

text: ). Heat dissipation is tied directly to power consumption, and as drives age, disk

text: failure rate

text: s increase at higher drive temperatures. Similar issues exist for large companies with thousands of desktop PCs. Smaller form factor drives often use less power than larger drives. One interesting development in this area is actively controlling the seek speed so that the head arrives at its destination only just in time to read the sector, rather than arriving as quickly as possible and then having to wait for the sector to come around (i.e. the rotational latency). Many of the hard drive companies are now producing Green Drives that require much less power and cooling. Many of these Green Drives spin slower (<5,400 rpm compared to 7,200, 10,000 or 15,000 rpm) thereby generating less heat. Power consumption can also be reduced by parking the drive heads when the disk is not in use reducing friction, adjusting spin speeds, and disabling internal components when not in use.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reducing power consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste heat

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: drives age

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental and electrical cost concerns

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Green Drives

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Power

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Green Drives

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste heat

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Increasing data center machine density

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: as drives age,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Power consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Power consumption

text: Consumption – The growth of consumption and the cult of consumption, or consumerist ideology, is the major cause of economic growth. Overdevelopment, seen as the only alternative to poverty, has become an end in itself. The means for curbing this growth are not equal to the task, since the phenomenon is not confined to a growing middle class in developing countries, but also concerns the development of irresponsible lifestyles, particularly in northern countries, such as the increase in the size and number of homes and cars per person.

text: Consumption

text: – The growth of consumption and the cult of consumption, or

text: consumerist

text: ideology, is the major cause of economic growth. Overdevelopment, seen as the only alternative to poverty, has become an end in itself. The means for curbing this growth are not equal to the task, since the phenomenon is not confined to a growing middle class in developing countries, but also concerns the development of irresponsible lifestyles, particularly in northern countries, such as the increase in the size and number of homes and cars per person.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overdevelopment

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing countries

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the growth of consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: growing middle class

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: northern countries,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: poverty,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Consumption – The growth of consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overdevelopment,

text: The CIRS achieves a net-positive energy performance and reduces UBC's overall energy consumption by over 1 million kilowatt hours per year. The energy system benefits the project by providing a comparison between energy modelling processes, allows for more opportunities for research and system testing, inspire a new approach to energy supply/consumption, reduce heat demand and carbon emissions of neighboring buildings, and provide opportunities for continued learning.

text: The CIRS achieves a net-positive energy performance and reduces UBC's overall energy consumption by over 1 million kilowatt hours per year. The energy system benefits the project by providing a comparison between energy modelling processes, allows for more opportunities for research and system testing, inspire a new approach to energy supply/consumption, reduce heat demand and carbon emissions of neighboring buildings, and provide opportunities for continued learning.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: UBC

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are necessary

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1 million kilowatt hours per year.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: UBC's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1 million kilowatt hours per year.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The CIRS

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

text: Green Arrow joined Hal Jordan in the main feature of the title in an acclaimed series of stories by writer Dennis O'Neil and artist Neal Adams beginning with issue #76 (April 1970) and ending with issue #122 (November 1979) that dealt with various social and political issues in which Green Arrow spoke for radical change while Green Lantern was an establishment conservative figure, wanting to work within existing institutions of government and law. Where Oliver Queen advocated direct action, Hal Jordan wanted to work within the system; where Oliver advocated social change, Jordan was more concerned about dealing with criminals. Each would find their beliefs challenged by the other. Oliver convinced Jordan to see beyond his strict obedience to the Green Lantern Corps, to help those who were neglected or discriminated against. As O'Neil explained: "He would be a hot-tempered anarchist to contrast with the cerebral, sedate model citizen who was the Green Lantern." The duo embarked on a quest to find America, witnessing the problems of corruption, racism, pollution, and overpopulation confronting the nation. O'Neil took on then-current events, such as the Manson Family cult murders, in issue #78 where Black Canary falls briefly under the spell of a false prophet who advocates violence.

text: Green Arrow

text: joined Hal Jordan in the main feature of the title in an acclaimed series of stories by writer

text: Dennis O'Neil

text: and artist

text: Neal Adams

text: beginning with issue #76 (April 1970) and ending with issue #122 (November 1979) that dealt with various social and political issues in which Green Arrow spoke for radical change while Green Lantern was an establishment conservative figure, wanting to work within existing institutions of government and law. Where Oliver Queen advocated direct action, Hal Jordan wanted to work within the system; where Oliver advocated social change, Jordan was more concerned about dealing with criminals. Each would find their beliefs challenged by the other. Oliver convinced Jordan to see beyond his strict obedience to the

text: Green Lantern Corps

text: , to help those who were neglected or discriminated against. As O'Neil explained: "He would be a hot-tempered

text: anarchist

text: to contrast with the cerebral, sedate model citizen who was the Green Lantern." The duo embarked on a quest to find America, witnessing the problems of corruption, racism, pollution, and overpopulation confronting the nation. O'Neil took on then-current events, such as the

text: Manson Family

text: cult murders, in issue #78 where

text: Black Canary

text: falls briefly under the spell of a false prophet who advocates violence.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The duo embarked on a quest to find America

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: America

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: corruption, racism, pollution, and overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: America,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pollution, and overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green Arrow spoke for radical change

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: This conventional services marketing definition only draws little attention to the element of sustainability. However, starting in the 1980s and especially growing since the 1992 Rio Earth Summit stakeholders and customers likewise increasingly considered the environmental and social consequences of the products they bought. The consumer green movement imposed tremendous pressure on both businesses and governments to reduce the environmental impact of their production and consumption, leading to an increasing demand for developing concepts for a more sustainable future. These early ideas later on developed from cleaner and greener improvements to processes and products and new products and services-mixes.

text: This conventional

text: services marketing

text: definition only draws little attention to the element of sustainability. However, starting in the 1980s and especially growing since the 1992 Rio Earth Summit stakeholders and customers likewise increasingly considered the environmental and social consequences of the products they bought. The consumer green movement imposed tremendous pressure on both businesses and governments to reduce the environmental impact of their production and consumption, leading to an increasing demand for developing concepts for a more sustainable future. These early ideas later on developed from cleaner and greener improvements to processes and products and new products and services-mixes.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a more sustainable future

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental impact

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the environmental impact of their production and consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: an increasing demand for developing concepts for a more sustainable future.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: starting in the 1980s and especially growing since the 1992 Rio Earth Summit

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Rio Earth Summit

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1992 Rio Earth Summit

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental impact

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increasing demand for developing concepts for a more sustainable future.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: production and consumption,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: sustainability.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: environmental impact of their production and consumption,

text: India was the top producer of tea for nearly a century, but was displaced by China as the top tea producer in the 21st century. Indian tea companies have acquired a number of iconic foreign tea enterprises including British brands Tetley and Typhoo. While India is the largest consumer of tea worldwide, the per-capita consumption of tea in India remains a modest 750 grams per person every year. Recently consumption of green tea has seen a great upsurge across the cities. Average growth in the consumption is assumed to be over 50%. One estimate suggest the market size has already crossed over INR 1400crore and will reach a 6000 crore in next few years.

text: India was the top producer of tea for nearly a century, but was displaced by China as the top tea producer in the 21st century. Indian tea companies have acquired a number of iconic foreign tea enterprises including British brands

text: Tetley

text: and

text: Typhoo

text: . While India is the largest consumer of tea worldwide, the per-capita consumption of tea in India remains a modest 750 grams per person every year. Recently consumption of green tea has seen a great upsurge across the cities. Average growth in the consumption is assumed to be over 50%. One estimate suggest the market size has already crossed over INR 1400crore and will reach a 6000 crore in next few years.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of green tea

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Average growth in the consumption is assumed to be over 50%

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Average growth in the consumption is assumed to be over 50%.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 750 grams per person every year.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: India was the top producer of tea

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: India was the top producer of tea

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption of green tea has seen a great upsurge

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Average growth in the consumption is assumed to be over 50%.

text: Aggregate consumption is a component of aggregate demand.  According to the UN, "today’s consumption is undermining the environmental resource base. It is exacerbating inequalities. And the dynamics of the consumption-poverty-inequality-environment nexus are accelerating. If the trends continue without change — not redistributing from high-income to low-income consumers, not shifting from polluting to cleaner goods and production technologies, not shifting priority from consumption for conspicuous display to meeting basic needs — today’s problems of consumption and human development will worsen." Developing countries like India, as they move down the path of copying the consumption patterns of developed economies, will basically create demands that earth will not be able to fulfill. Some economists talk about putting a price on using earth's resources which is in addition to the cost of just extracting them.

text: Aggregate consumption is a component of

text: aggregate demand

text: .  According to the UN, "today’s consumption is undermining the environmental resource base. It is exacerbating

text: inequalities

text: . And the dynamics of the consumption-

text: poverty

text: -inequality-environment nexus are accelerating. If the trends continue without change — not redistributing from

text: high-income

text: to

text: low-income

text: consumers, not shifting from

text: polluting

text: to cleaner goods and production technologies, not shifting priority from consumption for conspicuous display to meeting

text: basic needs

text: — today’s problems of consumption and human development will worsen." Developing countries like India, as they move down the path of copying the consumption patterns of developed economies, will basically create demands that earth will not be able to fulfill. Some economists talk about putting a price on

text: using earth's resources

text: which is in addition to the cost of just extracting them.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Developing countries

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption for conspicuous display to meeting basic needs

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: polluting to cleaner goods and production technologies,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: high-income to low-income consumers,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: India,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental resource base.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: polluting to cleaner goods and production technologies,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: polluting

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption for conspicuous display to meeting basic needs

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption for conspicuous display to meeting basic needs

text: Resource efficiency reflects the understanding that current, global, economic growth and development can not be sustained with the current production and consumption patterns. Globally, we are extracting more resources to produce goods than the planet can replenish. Resource efficiency is the reduction of the environmental impact from the production and consumption of these goods, from final raw material extraction to last use and disposal. This process of resource efficiency can address sustainability.

text: Resource efficiency

text: reflects the understanding that current, global, economic growth and development can not be sustained with the current production and consumption patterns. Globally, we are extracting more resources to produce goods than the planet can replenish. Resource efficiency is the reduction of the environmental impact from the production and consumption of these goods, from final raw material extraction to last use and disposal. This process of resource efficiency can address

text: sustainability

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Globally

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental impact

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth and development can not be sustained with the current production and consumption patterns

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: extracting more resources to produce goods than the planet can replenish

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainability.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: we are extracting more resources to produce goods than the planet can replenish.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: global,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Resource efficiency

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental impact

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: we are extracting more resources to produce goods than the planet can replenish.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: we are extracting more resources to produce goods than the planet can replenish.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Resource efficiency

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: extracting more resources to produce goods than the planet can replenish.

text: Buildings are subject to many different risks while under construction.  They may catch fire, be damaged by high winds, or fall victim to other force majeure.  A principle of common law is that any new construction or other improvement to land becomes property of the owner of the land - the title holder - once there has been an "improvement" to the owner's site. Builder's risk insurance indemnifies against some of these losses.

text: Buildings are subject to many different risks while under construction.  They may catch fire, be damaged by high winds, or fall victim to other

text: force majeure

text: .  A principle of common law is that any new construction or other improvement to land becomes property of the owner of the land - the title holder - once there has been an "improvement" to the owner's site. Builder's risk insurance indemnifies against some of these losses.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: improvement to land becomes property of the owner of the land

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: "improvement"

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Buildings

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Builder's risk insurance

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Builder's risk insurance

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Buildings are subject to many different risks while under construction.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: high winds,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Builder's risk insurance

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Builder's risk insurance

text: A consumption tax could also eliminate the concept of basis when computing the value of investments. All income that is put in investments (such as property, stocks, savings accounts) is tax-free. As the asset grows in value, it is not taxed. Only when the proceeds from the asset are spent is any tax imposed.  This is in contrast with the current system where if one buys land for $10,000 and sells it for $15,000, one has a taxable gain of $5,000. A consumption tax taxes only consumption, so if one sells an investment to buy another investment, no tax is imposed.

text: A consumption tax could also eliminate the concept of basis when computing the value of investments. All income that is put in investments (such as property, stocks, savings accounts) is tax-free. As the asset grows in value, it is not taxed. Only when the proceeds from the asset are spent is any tax imposed.  This is in contrast with the current system where if one buys land for $10,000 and sells it for $15,000, one has a taxable gain of $5,000. A consumption tax taxes only consumption, so if one sells an investment to buy another investment, no tax is imposed.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption tax taxes only consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: tax-free.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: A consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: A consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: A consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: A consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: As the asset grows in value, it is not taxed.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: A consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption,

text: The Second-Order Predation Hypothesis says that as humans entered the New World they continued their policy of killing predators, which had been successful in the Old World but because they were more efficient and because the fauna, both herbivores and carnivores, were more naive, they killed off enough carnivores to upset the ecological balance of the continent, causing overpopulation, environmental exhaustion, and environmental collapse. The hypothesis accounts for changes in animal, plant, and human populations.

text: The Second-Order Predation Hypothesis says that as humans entered the New World they continued their policy of killing predators, which had been successful in the Old World but because they were more efficient and because the fauna, both herbivores and carnivores, were more naive, they killed off enough carnivores to upset the

text: ecological balance

text: of the continent, causing

text: overpopulation

text: , environmental exhaustion, and environmental collapse. The hypothesis accounts for changes in animal, plant, and human populations.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: New World

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation, environmental exhaustion, and environmental collapse.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation, environmental exhaustion, and environmental collapse.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation, environmental exhaustion, and environmental collapse.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Second-Order Predation Hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation, environmental exhaustion, and environmental collapse.

text: A classic example of the inefficiency caused by non-excludability is the tragedy of the commons (which Hardin, the author, later corrected to the 'tragedy of the unmanaged commons' because it is based on the notion of an entirely rule-less resource) where a shared, non-excludable, resource becomes subject to over-use and over-consumption, which destroys the resource in the process.

text: A classic example of the inefficiency caused by non-excludability is the

text: tragedy of the commons

text: (which Hardin, the author, later corrected to the 'tragedy of the unmanaged commons' because it is based on the notion of an entirely rule-less resource) where a shared, non-excludable, resource becomes subject to over-use and over-consumption, which destroys the resource in the process.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the tragedy of the commons

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the commons

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the tragedy of the commons

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: non-excludability

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-use

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: inefficiency

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: A classic example of the inefficiency caused by non-excludability

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: A classic example of the inefficiency caused by non-excludability

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: tragedy of the commons

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: destroys the resource

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: A classic example of the inefficiency caused by non-excludability

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: non-excludability

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: tragedy of the commons

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: destroys the resource in the process.

text: The increased consumption of many natural resources has sparked the need for protection. Many of these resources were barely touched less than half a century ago but have been drained in several situations. One of these resources, water, is key to survival of almost all life but is being used quicker than it is replenished in many states within the United States. This has created the need for greater conservation which has been met by new techniques and technologies for both reducing the amount of water being used and increasing how efficiently it is being used. Some of these methods are as simple as replacing the fixtures in government buildings and offering rebates to citizens, but are as complex as growing genetically engineered food crops so that farmers can consume less water for use on them. Another key resource that has been met with new legislation is the land that is used to grow the crops for farms. One fairly new United States government policy, the Farmland Protection Policy Act, is designed in order to protect this resource from being over consumed by the government. It does this by ensuring that any entity, both federal and non-federal, that uses government assistance such as acquiring or disposing of land, providing financing or loans, managing property, providing technical assistance, cannot convert agricultural land into land that is permanently used for other purposes if it can be avoided. If the overuse of these resources is not mediated, the eventual result would create the loss of another key resource for survival. That is, if either land for agriculture or water for the land and the people who inhabit it becomes insufficient, the population in the United States would begin to run out of food. Not only would cash crops of plants become insufficient to supply people, it would also become insufficient to feed the livestock and animals that also depend on plants that are grown on agricultural land. Because of this, the need for conservation is greater than ever, especially when current efforts have only been able to slow the gradual depletion of these two key resources while increased populations create the need for higher consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reducing the amount of water

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: need for higher consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: what has sparked the need for protection

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reducing the amount of water being used and increasing how efficiently it is being used.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: people,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water for the land and the people who inhabit it becomes insufficient,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: cannot convert agricultural land into land that is permanently used for other purposes

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: increased populations create the need for higher consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: water,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: natural resources

text: Modern or industrialized agriculture is dependent on fossil fuels in two fundamental ways: 1. direct consumption on the farm and 2. indirect consumption to manufacture inputs used on the farm. Direct consumption includes the use of lubricants and fuels to operate farm vehicles and machinery; and use of gasoline, liquid propane, and electricity to power dryers, pumps, lights, heaters, and coolers. American farms directly consumed about 1.2 exajoules (1.1 quadrillion BTU) in 2002, or just over 1% of the nation's total energy.

text: Modern or industrialized agriculture is dependent on fossil fuels in two fundamental ways: 1. direct consumption on the farm and 2. indirect consumption to manufacture inputs used on the farm. Direct consumption includes the use of lubricants and fuels to operate farm vehicles and machinery; and use of gasoline, liquid

text: propane

text: , and electricity to power dryers, pumps, lights, heaters, and coolers. American farms directly consumed about 1.2 exajoules (1.1 quadrillion BTU) in 2002, or just over 1% of the nation's total energy.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: American

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: dependence on fossil fuels

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fossil fuels

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Direct consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 1% of the nation's total energy.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Modern or industrialized agriculture is dependent on fossil fuels

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Modern or industrialized agriculture

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1.2 exajoules (1.1 quadrillion BTU) in 2002,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 1% of the nation's total energy.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Modern or industrialized agriculture is dependent on fossil fuels

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fossil fuels

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Modern or industrialized agriculture is dependent on fossil fuels

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 1% of the nation's total energy.

text: The production increases fostered by the Green Revolution are often credited with having helped to avoid widespread famine, and for feeding billions of people.

text: The production increases fostered by the Green Revolution are often credited with having helped to avoid widespread

text: famine

text: , and for feeding billions of people.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: widespread famine

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: widespread famine

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: widespread famine

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: widespread famine

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: feeding billions of people.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The production increases fostered by the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The production increases fostered by the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The production increases fostered by the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: famine,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: feeding billions of people.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The production increases fostered by the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green Revolution are often credited with having helped to avoid widespread famine,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: famine,

text: In 1960, I. S. O. Playfair, the British official historian wrote that the relationship of the "battle for supplies" with the land war reached a climax in the second half of 1942. Far from the Eighth Army capturing airfields to the west in the Cyrenaican bulge, it had been defeated at Gazala while Operation Julius was on and lost the landing grounds to the east. The disaster at Gazala had led to the military forces on Malta trying to save Egypt rather than vice-versa. Vigorous had been a "disappointing operation" and turned back because the British and US air attacks on the Italian battlefleet had failed to inflict the damage hoped. Force A could not hope to defeat it in a surface action, a view echoed by Greene and Massignani in 2003. The two ships of Operation Harpoon reached Malta and delivered  of supplies, which with a decent harvest might keep the population of Malta fed until September but the loss of the tanker Kentucky and the consumption aviation fuel at Malta, led to fighters being give priority over the offensive force. Transit flights through Malta except for Beauforts was suspended, only close range air attacks on easy targets were to be permitted and more fuel for the fighters was to be carried to Malta by submarine.

text: In 1960,

text: I. S. O. Playfair

text: , the British official historian wrote that the relationship of the "battle for supplies" with the land war reached a climax in the second half of 1942. Far from the Eighth Army capturing airfields to the west in the Cyrenaican bulge, it had been defeated at Gazala while Operation Julius was on and lost the landing grounds to the east. The disaster at Gazala had led to the military forces on Malta trying to save Egypt rather than vice-versa. Vigorous had been a "disappointing operation" and turned back because the British and US air attacks on the Italian battlefleet had failed to inflict the damage hoped. Force A could not hope to defeat it in a surface action, a view echoed by Greene and Massignani in 2003. The two ships of Operation Harpoon reached Malta and delivered  of supplies, which with a decent harvest might keep the population of Malta fed until September but the loss of the tanker Kentucky and the consumption aviation fuel at Malta, led to fighters being give priority over the offensive force. Transit flights through Malta except for Beauforts was suspended, only close range air attacks on easy targets were to be permitted and more fuel for the fighters was to be carried to Malta by submarine.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Egypt

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: aviation fuel

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: population of Malta fed until September

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: aviation fuel

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: fighters being give priority over the offensive force.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2003.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Egypt

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 2003.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: airfields to the west in the Cyrenaican bulge,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Malta fed

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: aviation fuel

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: a decent harvest might keep the population of Malta fed until September

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fighters being give priority over the offensive force.

text: The people in this list have expressed concerns about human overpopulation.

text: The people in this list have expressed concerns about

text: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The people in this list have expressed concerns about human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The people in this list have expressed concerns about human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The people in this list have expressed concerns about human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation.

text: Beginning with the Neolithic Revolution, Quinn argues that human overpopulation has been driven by an imperialistic way of life that denigrates nature, relies entirely upon expansionist farming (which Quinn calls "totalitarian agriculture"), and grows in proportion to the rest of the living world's decline in biomass. In Quinn's view, civilization today has largely become a merged, single massive global economy and culture.

text: Beginning with the

text: Neolithic Revolution

text: , Quinn argues that

text: human overpopulation

text: has been driven by an

text: imperialistic

text: way of life that denigrates nature, relies entirely upon expansionist farming (which Quinn calls "totalitarian agriculture"), and grows in proportion to the rest of the living world's decline in

text: biomass

text: . In Quinn's view, civilization today has largely become a

text: merged

text: , single massive

text: global economy

text: and

text: culture

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: global economy

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: merged, single massive global economy and culture.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: decline in biomass.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Neolithic Revolution, Quinn argues that human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Quinn argues that human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: decline in biomass.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Neolithic Revolution,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

text: Many devices can be used to mark passage of time without respect to reference time (time of day, minutes, etc...) and can be useful for measuring duration and/or intervals.  Examples of such duration timers are, candle clocks, incense clocks and the hourglass.  Both the candle clock and the incense clock work on the same principle wherein the consumption of resources is more or less constant allowing reasonably precise, and repeatable, estimates of time passages.  In the hourglass, fine sand pouring through a tiny hole at a constant rate indicates an arbitrary, predetermined, passage of time, the resource is not consumed but re-used.

text: Many devices can be used to mark passage of time without respect to reference time (time of day, minutes, etc...) and can be useful for measuring duration and/or intervals.  Examples of such duration timers are,

text: candle clock

text: s,

text: incense clock

text: s and the

text: hourglass

text: .  Both the candle clock and the incense clock work on the same principle wherein the consumption of resources is more or less constant allowing reasonably precise, and repeatable, estimates of time passages.  In the hourglass, fine

text: sand

text: pouring through a tiny hole at a constant rate indicates an arbitrary, predetermined, passage of time, the resource is not consumed but re-used.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agriculture brought about

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption of resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reasonably precise, and repeatable, estimates of time passages.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Many devices can be used to mark passage of time without respect to reference time

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Many devices can be used to mark passage of time without respect to reference time

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Many devices can be used to mark passage of time without respect to reference time

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: the consumption of resources

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Many devices can be used to mark passage of time without respect to reference time

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption of resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Many devices can be used to mark passage of time without respect to reference time

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of resources

text: NAIA is opposed to mandatory pet spay/neuter legislation. According to NAIA, costs and euthanasia rates both increase after the introduction of this type of legislation. NAIA says that "spay or pay" licensing schemes [have] little effect on reducing shelter intake and euthanasia rates, while producing serious unintended consequences.” The animal rights group PETA disputes this, saying that spay/neuter is the only way to eliminate pet overpopulation, and that mandatory spay/neuter legislation is a step towards this goal.

text: NAIA is opposed to mandatory pet spay/neuter legislation. According to NAIA, costs and euthanasia rates both increase after the introduction of this type of legislation. NAIA says that "spay or pay" licensing schemes [have] little effect on reducing shelter intake and euthanasia rates, while producing serious unintended consequences.” The

text: animal rights

text: group

entity_name: People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals

text: PETA

text: disputes this, saying that spay/neuter is the only way to eliminate pet overpopulation, and that mandatory spay/neuter legislation is a step towards this goal.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: costs and euthanasia rates

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NAIA is opposed to mandatory pet spay/neuter legislation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: NAIA

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NAIA is opposed to mandatory pet spay/neuter legislation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: euthanasia rates

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: costs and euthanasia rates

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: mandatory pet spay/neuter legislation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NAIA is opposed to mandatory pet spay/neuter legislation.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pet overpopulation,

text: Overpopulation occurs when a species' population exceeds the carrying capacity of its ecological niche. Overpopulation is a compared to the resources they need to survive, like water and essential nutrients. It can result from an increase in births (fertility rate), a decline in the mortality rate, an increase in immigration, or an unsustainable biome and depletion of resources.

text: Overpopulation occurs when a

text: species

text: population

text: exceeds the

text: carrying capacity

text: of its

text: ecological niche

text: . Overpopulation is a compared to the resources they need to survive, like water and essential nutrients. It can result from an increase in

entity_name: List of sovereign states and dependent territories by fertility rate

text: births (fertility rate)

text: , a decline in the

text: mortality rate

text: , an increase in

text: immigration

text: , or an

text: unsustainable

text: biome

text: and depletion of resources.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increase in births

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Overpopulation is a compared to the resources they need to survive,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

text: The helmeted water toad, Chilean helmeted bull frog or wide-mouth toad (Calyptocephalella gayi, syn. Caudiverba caudiverba) is the sole species of the genus Calyptocephalella in the family Calyptocephalellidae. The only other members of this family are Telmatobufo. The helmeted water toad is found in central Chile, and possibly adjacent west-central Argentina. This very large toad weighs up to . It is aquatic and found in deep ponds and small reservoirs. It is threatened by capture for human consumption, habitat loss, pollution, and introduced trout. It is occasionally captured for herpetoculture.

text: The helmeted water toad, Chilean helmeted bull frog or wide-mouth toad (Calyptocephalella gayi,

text: syn.

text: Caudiverba caudiverba) is the sole species of the

text: genus

text: Calyptocephalella in the family Calyptocephalellidae. The only other members of this family are

text: Telmatobufo

text: . The helmeted water toad is found in central

text: Chile

text: , and possibly adjacent west-central

text: Argentina

text: . This very large toad weighs up to . It is

text: aquatic

text: and found in deep ponds and small reservoirs. It is threatened by capture for human consumption,

text: habitat loss

text: , pollution, and

text: introduced

text: trout

text: . It is occasionally captured for

text: herpetoculture

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: central Chile

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: herpetoculture.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Caudiverba caudiverba)

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: west-central Argentina.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Caudiverba caudiverba)

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: It is occasionally captured for herpetoculture.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The helmeted water toad,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: capture for human consumption,

text: Tank steamers were constructed for the carriage of oil in bulk. Many of these ships were adapted not only for the carriage of oil, but also for its consumption in their furnaces in place of coal. The experience of many years has enabled the owners of some of these lines to exhibit a wonderfully low record of loss, the percentage of deaths at sea to numbers carried being small beyond the dreams of, say, the 1870s. A tenth of 1% over a somewhat extended period is not an unprecedented average.

text: Tank steamers were constructed for the carriage of oil in bulk. Many of these ships were adapted not only for the carriage of oil, but also for its consumption in their furnaces in place of coal. The experience of many years has enabled the owners of some of these lines to exhibit a wonderfully low record of loss, the percentage of deaths at sea to numbers carried being small beyond the dreams of, say, the 1870s. A tenth of 1% over a somewhat extended period is not an unprecedented average.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Many of these ships were adapted not only for the carriage of oil

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: wonderfully low record of loss,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: A tenth of 1%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Tank steamers

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: A tenth of 1%

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deaths at sea

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Tank steamers were constructed for the carriage of oil in bulk.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: oil in bulk.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Tank steamers

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: oil, but also for its consumption in their furnaces in place of coal.

text: On the political left the book received criticism that it was focusing on "the wrong problem", and that the real issue was distribution of resources rather than of overpopulation. Marxists worried that Ehrlich's work could be used to justify genocide and imperial control, as well as oppression of minorities and disadvantaged groups or even a return to eugenics. Barry Commoner argued that the Ehrlichs were too focused on overpopulation as the source of environmental problems, and that their proposed solutions were politically unacceptable because of the coercion that they implied, and because the cost would fall disproportionately on the poor. He argued that technological, and above all social development would lead to a natural decrease in both population growth and environmental damage.

text: On the

text: political left

text: the book received criticism that it was focusing on "the wrong problem", and that the real issue was distribution of resources rather than of overpopulation. Marxists worried that Ehrlich's work could be used to justify genocide and imperial control, as well as oppression of minorities and disadvantaged groups or even a return to

text: eugenics

text: Barry Commoner

text: argued that the Ehrlichs were too focused on overpopulation as the source of environmental problems, and that their proposed solutions were politically unacceptable because of the coercion that they implied, and because the cost would fall disproportionately on the poor. He argued that technological, and above all social development would lead to a natural decrease in both population growth and environmental damage.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental damage

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a natural decrease in both population growth and environmental damage.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: technological, and above all social development

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental damage.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: distribution of resources rather than of overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: Jet engine design shifts significantly between supersonic and subsonic aircraft. Jet engines, as a class, can supply increased fuel efficiency at supersonic speeds, even though their specific fuel consumption is greater at higher speeds. Because their speed over the ground is greater, this decrease in efficiency is less than proportional to speed until well above Mach 2, and the consumption per unit distance is lower.

text: Jet engine

text: design shifts significantly between supersonic and subsonic aircraft. Jet engines, as a class, can supply increased fuel efficiency at supersonic speeds, even though their

text: specific fuel consumption

text: is greater at higher speeds. Because their speed over the ground is greater, this decrease in efficiency is less than proportional to speed until well above Mach 2, and the consumption per unit distance is lower.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: jet engine design

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Subsonic

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: at higher speeds

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased fuel efficiency

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Jet engine design shifts significantly between supersonic and subsonic aircraft.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Jet engine design shifts significantly between supersonic and subsonic aircraft.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Jet engine design shifts significantly between supersonic and subsonic aircraft.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Jet engine design shifts significantly between supersonic and subsonic aircraft.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Jet engine design shifts significantly between supersonic and subsonic aircraft.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Jet engine design shifts significantly between supersonic and subsonic aircraft.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption is greater at higher speeds.

text: Nowadays, some of the making of pickles and chutneys that at one time in India was done entirely in people's homes has passed over into commercial production. The disadvantage of commercial chutneys and those produced in western style with vinegar and large amounts of sugar is that the main aim of sugar and vinegar as preservatives is to make the product safe for long-term consumption. Regular consumption of these products (as distinct from the original Indian array of fresh relishes) can add to total sugar, consumption being increased to unhealthy levels.

text: Nowadays, some of the making of pickles and chutneys that at one time in India was done entirely in people's homes has passed over into commercial production. The disadvantage of commercial chutneys and those produced in western style with vinegar and large amounts of sugar is that the main aim of sugar and vinegar as preservatives is to make the product safe for long-term consumption. Regular consumption of these products (as distinct from the original Indian array of fresh relishes) can add to total sugar, consumption being increased to unhealthy levels.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: commercial production

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Regular consumption of these products

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: commercial production.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Nowadays,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Nowadays, some of the making of pickles and chutneys

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: sugar,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: commercial production.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: sugar and vinegar as preservatives

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: India was done entirely in people's homes has passed over into commercial production.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unhealthy levels.

text: Energy in Thailand refers to energy and electricity production, consumption, import and export in Thailand. According to the Ministry of Energy, the country's primary energy consumption was 75.2 Mtoe (million tonnes of oil equivalent) in 2013, an increase of 2.6 percent over the previous year. According to British Petroleum, energy consumption was 115.6 Mtoe in 2013.

text: Energy in Thailand refers to

text: energy

text: and

text: electricity

text: production, consumption, import and export in

text: Thailand

text: . According to the

text: Ministry of Energy

text: , the country's primary energy consumption was 75.2

text: Mtoe

text: (million tonnes of oil equivalent) in 2013, an increase of 2.6 percent over the previous year. According to British Petroleum, energy consumption was 115.6 Mtoe in 2013.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Thailand

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: an increase of 2.6 percent over the previous year

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 2.6 percent over the previous year.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2.6

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Thailand

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 75.2 Mtoe (million tonnes of oil equivalent) in 2013,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 2.6 percent over the previous year.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 2.6 percent over the previous year.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Energy in Thailand

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 2.6 percent

text: The consumption map or efficiency map shows the brake specific fuel consumption in g per kWh over mean effective pressure per rotational speed of an internal combustion engine.

text: The consumption map or efficiency map shows the

text: brake specific fuel consumptio

text: n

text: in g per kWh over

text: mean effective pressure

text: per

text: rotational speed

text: of an

text: internal combustion engine

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The consumption map

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption that exceeds the engine's rated capacity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: efficiency map shows the brake specific fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The consumption map

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The consumption map or efficiency map

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The consumption map

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The consumption map or efficiency map shows the brake specific fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The consumption map or efficiency map shows the brake specific fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The consumption map

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: mean effective pressure per rotational speed

text: A fundamental problem is that having a resource is no longer a class invariant (the resource is held from object creation until it is disposed, but the object is still live at this point), so the resource may not be available when the object tries to use it, for example trying to read from a closed file. This means that all methods on the object that use the resource potentially fail, concretely usually by returning an error or raising an exception. In practice this is minor, as use of resources can usually fail for other reasons as well (for example, trying to read past the end of a file), so these methods already might fail, and not having a resource just adds another possible failure. A standard way to implement this is to add a boolean field to the object, called disposed, which is set to true by dispose, and checked by a guard clause to all methods (that use the resource), raising an exception (such as ObjectDisposedException in .NET) if the object has been disposed.

text: A fundamental problem is that having a resource is no longer a

text: class invariant

text: (the resource is held from object creation until it is disposed, but the object is still live at this point), so the resource may not be available when the object tries to use it, for example trying to read from a closed file. This means that all methods on the object that use the resource potentially fail, concretely usually by returning an error or raising an exception. In practice this is minor, as use of resources can usually fail for other reasons as well (for example, trying to read past the end of a file), so these methods already might fail, and not having a resource just adds another possible failure. A standard way to implement this is to add a boolean field to the object, called disposed, which is set to true by dispose, and checked by a

text: guard clause

text: to all methods (that use the resource), raising an exception (such as ObjectDisposedException in .NET) if the object has been disposed.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: raising an exception

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: percentage of people in the world that live in abject poverty is decreasing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: disposed

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: raised an exception

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: the resource is held from object creation until it is disposed

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: having a resource is no longer a class invariant

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: having a resource is no longer a class invariant

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: having a resource is no longer a class invariant

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: having a resource is no longer a class invariant

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: having a resource is no longer a class invariant

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: having a resource is no longer a class invariant

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: having a resource is no longer a class invariant

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: having a resource is no longer a class invariant

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: having a resource is no longer a class invariant

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: having a resource is no longer a class invariant

text: Once common, the Titicaca water frog has declined drastically and is now facing extinction due to over-collecting for human consumption, pollution, and predation of tadpoles by introduced trout. It may also be threatened by the disease chytridiomycosis. Several other species in the genus Telmatobius are facing similar risks.

text: Once common, the Titicaca water frog has declined drastically and is now facing extinction due to over-collecting for human consumption, pollution, and predation of tadpoles by

text: introduced

text: trout

text: . It may also be threatened by the disease

text: chytridiomycosis

text: . Several other species in the genus

text: Telmatobius

text: are facing similar risks.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Titicaca

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Once common, the Titicaca water frog

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Titicaca

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Titicaca water frog

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over-collecting for human consumption,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Titicaca water frog

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human consumption,

text: The animals face domestic dogs and cats that forage in their burrows as well as wild boars doing the same. These armadillos also do not do well in captivity. The survival rate is so low that many will die just through transport from where the armadillo was captured to the new area of captivity. Armadillos that are put into captivity typically do not last longer than a few hours or 8 days. In fact, not a single specimen has survived more than 4 years. Which is also a great indicators as to why these species are not good to be kept as pets. Yet many continue to illegally sell them in the black market. These armadillos are very susceptible to climate changes as well; since they inhabit temperate and warm regions, cold temperatures could wipe out its population due to their low metabolism rate and the lack of fat it is able to store. Habitat loss is also a large issue for these species. As the numbers of acres converted to farmland increases, the armadillo's burrows not only get plowed over, but the land is no longer habitable for them. Lastly, the use of pesticides on farmlands is a huge concern because these pesticides adhere to ants, which are the armadillo's primary source of food. If the armadillo ingests enough of these pesticide-infested ants it can be quite detrimental to its health.The over hunting of these animals have contributed to their endangerment. Many in the Americas continue to hunt armadillos for consumption, which is said to be similar to pork in texture and taste.

text: The animals face domestic dogs and cats that forage in their burrows as well as

text: wild boar

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Americas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: habitat loss is also a large issue for these species

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: hunting armadillos for consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: armadillo's

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: use of pesticides

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Americas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pesticides

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: rows

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Habitat loss

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: use of pesticides

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: armadillo's

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: health.The over hunting

text: The underlying driver of direct human impacts on the environment is human consumption. This impact is reduced by not only consuming less but by also making the full cycle of production, use and disposal more sustainable. Consumption of goods and services can be analysed and managed at all scales through the chain of consumption, starting with the effects of individual lifestyle choices and spending patterns, through to the resource demands of specific goods and services, the impacts of economic sectors, through national economies to the global economy. Analysis of consumption patterns relates resource use to the environmental, social and economic impacts at the scale or context under investigation. The ideas of embodied resource use (the total resources needed to produce a product or service), resource intensity, and resource productivity are important tools for understanding the impacts of consumption. Key resource categories relating to human needs are food, energy, materials and water.

text: The underlying driver of direct human impacts on the environment is human consumption. This impact is reduced by not only consuming less but by also making the full cycle of production, use and disposal more sustainable. Consumption of goods and services can be analysed and managed at all scales through the chain of consumption, starting with the effects of individual lifestyle choices and spending patterns, through to the resource demands of specific goods and services, the impacts of economic sectors, through national economies to the global economy. Analysis of consumption patterns relates resource use to the environmental, social and economic impacts at the scale or context under investigation. The ideas of embodied resource use (the total resources needed to produce a product or service),

text: resource intensity

text: , and

text: resource productivity

text: are important tools for understanding the impacts of consumption. Key resource categories relating to human needs are

text: food

text: energy

text: , materials and water.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of less

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the global economy

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of goods and services

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: making the full cycle of production, use and disposal more sustainable.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: consuming less

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: national economies to the global economy.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: human impacts on the environment

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food, energy, materials and water.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human consumption.

text: By reducing energy consumption we are able to conserve natural resources and thus have a less dramatic impact on our environment.

text: By reducing energy consumption we are able to conserve natural resources and thus have a less dramatic impact on our environment.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: conserving natural resources

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no anwer

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: less dramatic impact on our environment.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: By reducing energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: By reducing energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: By reducing energy consumption we are able to conserve natural resources

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: natural resources and thus have a less dramatic impact on our environment.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: environment.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: By reducing energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy

text: The researchers noted that moderate alcohol consumption also reduces the risk of other inflammatory processes such as cardiovascualar disease. Some of the biological mechanisms by which ethanol reduces the risk of destructive arthritis and prevents the loss of bone mineral density (BMD), which is part of the disease process.

text: The researchers noted that moderate alcohol consumption also reduces the risk of other inflammatory processes such as cardiovascualar disease. Some of the biological mechanisms by which ethanol reduces the risk of destructive arthritis and prevents the loss of bone mineral density (BMD), which is part of the disease process.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: moderate alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: moderate alcohol consumption also reduces the risk of other inflammatory processes

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The researchers noted that moderate alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: cardiovascualar disease.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: cardiovascualar disease.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: inflammatory processes such as cardiovascualar disease.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: disease.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: inflammatory processes

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: moderate alcohol consumption also reduces the risk of other inflammatory processes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: moderate alcohol

text: CCTs have affected not only the overall level of consumption, but also the composition of consumption. There is a good deal of evidence that households that receive CCTs spend more on food and, in the food basket, on higher-quality sources of nutrients than do households that do not receive the transfer but have comparable overall income or consumption levels.

text: CCTs have affected not only the overall level of consumption, but also the composition of consumption. There is a good deal of evidence that households that receive CCTs spend more on food and, in the food basket, on higher-quality sources of nutrients than do households that do not receive the transfer but have comparable overall income or consumption levels.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: CCTs

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: CCTs

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overall level of consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher-quality sources of nutrients

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: CCTs

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: CCTs

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: CCTs

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CCTs

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: CCTs have affected not only the overall level of consumption,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: CCTs

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: CCTs

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: households that receive CCTs spend more on food

text: In the early 1950s, Franco Modigliani and his student, Richard Brumberg, developed a theory based on the observation that people make consumption decisions based both on resources available to them over their lifetime, and on their current life stage. Modigliani and Brumberg observed that individuals build up assets at the initial stages of their working lives. Later on during retirement, they make use of their stock of assets. The working people save up for their post-retirement lives and alter their consumption patterns according to their needs at different stages of their lives.

text: In the early 1950s,

text: Franco Modigliani

text: and his student, Richard Brumberg, developed a theory based on the observation that people make consumption decisions based both on resources available to them over their lifetime, and on their current life stage. Modigliani and Brumberg observed that individuals build up assets at the initial stages of their working lives. Later on during retirement, they make use of their stock of assets. The working people save up for their post-retirement lives and alter their consumption patterns according to their needs at different stages of their lives.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Italy

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption patterns according to their needs

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The working people save up for their post-retirement lives

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In the early 1950s,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: In the early 1950s,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Franco Modigliani and his student, Richard Brumberg,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Franco Modigliani and his student, Richard Brumberg,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: individuals build up assets at the initial stages of their working lives.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: people make consumption decisions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Franco Modigliani and his student, Richard Brumberg,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: people make consumption decisions based both on resources available to them over their lifetime,

text: Originally published in the U.S. with the title "The Geography of Hunger" in 1952, translated into 26 languages, is one of the classic works on food and population. His themes are very much the opposite of those sounded by the neo-Malthusians. He does not believe that hunger is the "natural result of overpopulation," but is rather a man-made phenomenon. Even more, he undertakes to demonstrate that hunger, rather than being the result of overpopulation, is the cause of it. The work presented new formulations for underdevelopment, and was granted with The Franklin D. Roosevelt Foundation Award.

text: Originally published in the U.S. with the title "The Geography of Hunger" in 1952, translated into 26 languages, is one of the classic works on food and population. His themes are very much the opposite of those sounded by the neo-Malthusians. He does not believe that hunger is the "natural result of overpopulation," but is rather a man-made phenomenon. Even more, he undertakes to demonstrate that hunger, rather than being the result of overpopulation, is the cause of it. The work presented new formulations for underdevelopment, and was granted with The Franklin D. Roosevelt Foundation Award.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: underdevelopment

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: man-made

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: underdevelopment,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: "The Geography of Hunger"

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: U.S.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "The Geography of Hunger"

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Hunger"

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: hunger is the "natural result of overpopulation,"

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: hunger,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: "The Geography of Hunger"

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: man-made phenomenon.

text: As a processed meat, there has been concern over the health effects of ham consumption.  A meta-analysis study has shown a statistically relevant correlation between processed meat consumption and the risk of pancreatic cancer, with an increase in consumption of  per day leading to a 19% increase in risk.

text: As a processed meat, there has been concern over the health effects of ham consumption.  A meta-analysis study has shown a statistically relevant correlation between processed meat consumption and the risk of

text: pancreatic cancer

text: , with an increase in consumption of  per day leading to a 19% increase in risk.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: processed meat consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: an increase in consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: risk of pancreatic cancer,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 19%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: processed meat consumption and the risk of pancreatic cancer,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: ham consumption.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pancreatic cancer,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 19% increase in risk.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: processed meat,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: ham consumption.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increase in consumption of per day leading to a 19% increase in risk.

text: An attempt should be made to approximate the magnitude of the value of losses before time is spent on trying to reduce them. If this value proves to be low, expenditure of appreciable resources on reducing losses may not be justified. However, despite efforts over the years to develop acceptable techniques for measuring grain losses, this remains an imperfect science. A particular problem with measurement is that grain does not follow a uniform sequence from producer to consumer. Harvested grain can be specially dried and treated for a family's consumption or for use as seed. Some of any harvest may be held for short-term storage, some more for long-term storage, and the rest may be sold either in one go or over a period of time, through a variety of different marketing channels. There are particular difficulties associated with accurately measuring on-farm storage losses over a long period when farmers are continually removing grain from stores to meet their own consumption needs. Further, the surplus generated by a farmer at any one harvest will dictate the quantity stored and the quantity sold, which, in turn, may influence loss levels. Given the lack of a consistent chain, care must be taken to avoid generalizing from particular measurements. "Inordinately high- and low-loss situations must be put into perspective rather than giving them overemphasis as has been the case in some instances."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Farmers are continually removing grain from stores to meet their own consumption needs

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: efforts over the years to develop acceptable techniques for measuring grain losses,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: measurements.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: "Inordinately high- and low-loss

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: expenditure of appreciable resources on reducing losses may not be justified.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: grain losses,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: farmers are continually removing grain from stores to meet their own consumption needs.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: farmers are continually removing grain from stores to meet their own consumption needs.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: grain does not follow a uniform sequence from producer to consumer.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "Inordinately high- and low-loss situations

text: Lal and Stewart estimated global loss of agricultural land by degradation and abandonment at 12 million hectares per year.    In contrast, according to Scherr, GLASOD (Global Assessment of Human-Induced Soil Degradation, under the UN Environment Programme) estimated that 6 million hectares of agricultural land per year had been lost to soil degradation since the mid-1940s, and she noted that this magnitude is similar to earlier estimates by Dudal and by Rozanov et al.  Such losses are attributable not only to soil erosion, but also to salinization, loss of nutrients and organic matter, acidification, compaction, water logging and subsidence.  Human-induced land degradation tends to be particularly serious in dry regions.   Focusing on soil properties, Oldeman estimated that about 19 million square kilometers of global land area had been degraded; Dregne and Chou, who included degradation of vegetation cover as well as soil, estimated about 36 million square kilometers degraded in the world’s dry regions. Despite estimated losses of agricultural land, the amount of arable land used in crop production globally increased by about 9% from 1961 to 2012, and is estimated to have been 1.396 billion hectares in 2012.

text: Lal and Stewart estimated global loss of agricultural land by degradation and abandonment at 12 million hectares per year.    In contrast, according to Scherr, GLASOD (Global Assessment of Human-Induced Soil Degradation, under the UN Environment Programme) estimated that 6 million hectares of agricultural land per year had been lost to soil degradation since the mid-1940s, and she noted that this magnitude is similar to earlier estimates by Dudal and by Rozanov et al.  Such losses are attributable not only to soil erosion, but also to salinization, loss of nutrients and organic matter, acidification, compaction, water logging and subsidence.  Human-induced land degradation tends to be particularly serious in dry regions.   Focusing on soil properties, Oldeman estimated that about 19 million square kilometers of global land area had been degraded; Dregne and Chou, who included degradation of vegetation cover as well as soil, estimated about 36 million square kilometers degraded in the world’s dry regions. Despite estimated losses of agricultural land, the amount of arable land used in crop production globally increased by about 9% from 1961 to 2012, and is estimated to have been 1.396 billion hectares in 2012.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global loss of agricultural land

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: dry regions

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: soil degradation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: despite estimated losses of agricultural land

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human-induced soil degradation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human-induced soil degradation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the amount of arable land used in crop production

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 9%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: dry regions.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 12 million hectares per year.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Soil Degradation,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: amount of arable land used in crop production globally increased by about 9%

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: salinization,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Lal and Stewart estimated global loss of agricultural land

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 9%

text: Peers make a portion of their resources, such as processing power, disk storage or network bandwidth, directly available to other network participants, without the need for central coordination by servers or stable hosts.  Peers are both suppliers and consumers of resources, in contrast to the traditional client-server model in which the consumption and supply of resources is divided. Emerging collaborative P2P systems are going beyond the era of peers doing similar things while sharing resources, and are looking for diverse peers that can bring in unique resources and capabilities to a virtual community thereby empowering it to engage in greater tasks beyond those that can be accomplished by individual peers, yet that are beneficial to all the peers.

text: Peers make a portion of their resources, such as processing power, disk storage or network bandwidth, directly available to other network participants, without the need for central coordination by servers or stable hosts.  Peers are both suppliers and consumers of resources, in contrast to the traditional

text: client-server

text: model in which the consumption and supply of resources is divided. Emerging collaborative P2P systems are going beyond the era of peers doing similar things while sharing resources, and are looking for diverse peers that can bring in unique resources and capabilities to a virtual community thereby empowering it to engage in greater tasks beyond those that can be accomplished by individual peers, yet that are beneficial to all the peers.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Peers are both suppliers and consumers

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Emerging collaborative P2P systems

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Emerging collaborative P2P systems

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Peers

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Peers

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Peers make a portion of their resources,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Peers

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: central coordination by servers or stable hosts.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Peers

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the consumption and supply of resources is divided.

text: The WRF brings the issues of global resource consumption and resource productivity higher on the agenda of policymakers and business leaders. Aspects covered by the WRF include the scarcity and security of supply as well as the price risks of key resources. The issues of pollution and energy use over the life-cycle of certain resources but also their social impact – in particular in developing countries – are topics examined by the WRF as well.

text: The WRF brings the issues of global resource consumption and resource productivity higher on the agenda of policymakers and business leaders. Aspects covered by the WRF include the scarcity and security of supply as well as the price risks of key resources. The issues of pollution and energy use over the life-cycle of certain resources but also their social impact – in particular in developing countries – are topics examined by the WRF as well.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing countries

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: global resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The WRF

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing countries

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: scarcity and security of supply

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The WRF brings the issues of global resource consumption and resource productivity

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The WRF

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: global resource consumption

text: Lake Conococha is undergoing a process of eutrophication (overpopulation of plants and algae due to pollution), being the main reasons: livestock raising, blackwater from the surrounding villages, and disposal of solid waste on the lake shores.

text: Lake Conococha is undergoing a process of

text: eutrophication

text: (overpopulation of plants and algae due to pollution), being the main reasons: livestock raising,

text: blackwater

text: from the surrounding villages, and disposal of solid waste on the lake shores.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no answer

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Lake Conococha

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation of plants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: eutrophication

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: eutrophication

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Lake Conococha

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: eutrophication

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: eutrophication

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: livestock raising,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution),

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Lake Conococha

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eutrophication

text: is the autonomous consumption that is independent of disposable income; in other words, consumption when income is zero. The term

text: is the

text: autonomous consumption

text: that is independent of disposable income; in other words, consumption when income is zero. The term

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in carbon dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the world's population grew

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you can afford

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: autonomous consumption that is independent of disposable income;

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: consumption when income is zero.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: is the autonomous consumption that is independent of disposable income;

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: autonomous consumption that is independent of disposable income;

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: autonomous consumption that is independent of disposable income;

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: autonomous consumption that is independent of disposable income;

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption when income is zero.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: autonomous consumption that is independent of disposable income;

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption when income is zero.

text: Thailand's Pollution Control Department reports divide the country into five main geographical regions: north, northeast, central, south, and east. Thailand has a total of 25 river basins in the country and Thailand's annual rainfall is around 1,700 mm. Despite the annual southwest monsoon, Thailand is subject to drought, particularly the northeastern region. As of 2002, Thailand had less water available per person than any other country in Asia, and nearly one-third of its water was "unsuitable for human consumption." Non-potable water was a result of increasing untreated domestic sewage, industrial waste water, and solid hazardous wastes. This is a critical environmental problem for Thailand. Like air pollution, water pollution is most serious in the populous central region, with high levels of industrial and domestic waste water.

text: Thailand's Pollution Control Department reports divide the country into five main geographical

text: regions

text: north

text: northeast

text: central

text: south

text: , and

text: east

text: . Thailand has a total of 25 river basins in the country and Thailand's annual rainfall is around 1,700 mm. Despite the annual southwest

text: monsoon

text: Thailand

text: is subject to drought, particularly the northeastern region. As of 2002, Thailand had less water available per person than any other country in Asia, and nearly one-third of its water was "unsuitable for human consumption." Non-potable water was a result of increasing untreated domestic sewage, industrial waste water, and solid hazardous wastes. This is a critical environmental problem for Thailand. Like air pollution, water pollution is most serious in the populous central region, with high levels of industrial and domestic waste water.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: central

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: untreated domestic sewage

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: untreated domestic sewage

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Thailand had less water available per person than any other country in Asia,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2002,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: central region,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: nearly one-third of its water was "unsuitable for human consumption."

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Non-potable water

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Non-potable water

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Thailand had less water available per person than any other country in Asia,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: nearly one-third of its water was "unsuitable for human consumption."

text: Consumer spending, consumer demand, consumption, or consumption expenditure is the purchasing of goods and services by individuals or families. It is the largest part of aggregate demand at the macroeconomic level. There are two components of consumption in the basic model: induced consumption (ch is affected by the level of income) and autonomous consumption (which is not).

text: Consumer spending, consumer demand,

text: consumption

text: , or consumption expenditure is the purchasing of

text: goods and services

text: by individuals or families. It is the largest part of

text: aggregate demand

text: at the

text: macroeconomic

text: level. There are two components of consumption in the basic model:

text: induced consumption

text: (ch is affected by the level of

text: income

text: ) and

text: autonomous consumption

text: (which is not).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption expenditure

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption expenditure

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Consumer spending,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Consumer spending,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Consumer spending,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Consumer spending,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Consumer spending,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Consumer spending,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Consumer spending,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: induced consumption

text: In economics, the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is a metric that quantifies induced consumption, the concept that the increase in personal consumer spending (consumption) occurs with an increase in disposable income (income after taxes and transfers). The proportion of disposable income which individuals spend on consumption is known as propensity to consume. MPC is the proportion of additional income that an individual consumes. For example, if a household earns one extra dollar of disposable income, and the marginal propensity to consume is 0.65, then of that dollar, the household will spend 65 cents and save 35 cents. Obviously, the household cannot spend more than the extra dollar (without borrowing).

text: In

text: economics

text: , the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is a metric that quantifies

text: induced consumption

text: , the concept that the increase in personal consumer spending (

text: consumption

text: ) occurs with an increase in

text: disposable income

text: (income after taxes and transfers). The proportion of disposable income which individuals spend on consumption is known as propensity to consume. MPC is the proportion of additional income that an individual consumes. For example, if a household earns one extra dollar of disposable income, and the marginal propensity to consume is 0.65, then of that dollar, the household will spend 65 cents and save 35 cents. Obviously, the household cannot spend more than the extra dollar (without borrowing).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increase in personal consumer spending

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increase in personal consumer spending

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increase in disposable income

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: increase in disposable income

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In economics,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: induced consumption,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: induced consumption,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: induced consumption,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: In economics,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: induced consumption,

text: While agricultural output increased as a result of the Green Revolution, the energy input into the process (that is, the energy that must be expended to produce a crop) has also increased at a greater rate, so that the ratio of crops produced to energy input has decreased over time. Green Revolution techniques also heavily rely on chemical fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides, some of which must be developed from fossil fuels, making agriculture increasingly reliant on petroleum products.

text: While agricultural output increased as a result of the

text: Green Revolution

text: , the energy input into the process (that is, the energy that must be expended to produce a crop) has also increased at a greater rate, so that the ratio of crops produced to energy input has decreased over time. Green Revolution techniques also heavily rely on chemical

text: fertilizers

text: pesticides

text: and

text: herbicides

text: , some of which must be developed from fossil fuels, making agriculture increasingly reliant on petroleum products.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: agricultural output increased

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agricultural output increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy input into the process

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: agricultural output increased

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the ratio of crops produced to energy input has decreased over time.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: While agricultural output increased as a result of the Green Revolution,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: petroleum products.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agricultural output increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fossil fuels,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green Revolution,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: petroleum products.

text: Some qualities that have contributed to the success of the cap-and-trade are the ease and accuracy of measuring pollutants and the fact that allowances are much less expensive to pay for than the fee for going over the allotted amount of pollution. Additionally, the cap-and-trade is significantly cheaper than other regulatory approaches. On the other hand, some challenges arise when it comes to fulfilling the cap-and-trade’s main goal of reducing environmental pollutants. Since there is no nationwide system, some states with less strict regulations will end up emitting more pollutants than states with stricter regulation and some people claim that in the end, the pollution will just be spread differently across the country. Some groups claim that this system isn’t very effective in reducing emissions, but it is supported because of the amount of revenue it generates for the state.

text: Some qualities that have contributed to the success of the cap-and-trade are the ease and accuracy of measuring pollutants and the fact that allowances are much less expensive to pay for than the fee for going over the allotted amount of pollution. Additionally, the cap-and-trade is significantly cheaper than other regulatory approaches. On the other hand, some challenges arise when it comes to fulfilling the cap-and-trade’s main goal of reducing environmental pollutants. Since there is no nationwide system, some states with less strict regulations will end up emitting more pollutants than states with stricter regulation and some people claim that in the end, the pollution will just be spread differently across the country. Some groups claim that this system isn’t very effective in reducing emissions, but it is supported because of the amount of revenue it generates for the state.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: going over the allotted amount of pollution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: cap-and-trade

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: cap-and-trade

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Some qualities that have contributed to the success of the cap-and-trade

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: cap-and-trade

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: cap-and-trade

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: some states with less strict regulations will end up emitting more pollutants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Some qualities that have contributed to the success of the cap-and-trade

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: going over the allotted amount of pollution.

text: Different schools of economists define production and consumption differently. According to mainstream economists, only the final purchase of goods and services by individuals constitutes consumption, while other types of expenditure — in particular, fixed investment, intermediate consumption, and government spending — are placed in separate categories (See consumer choice). Other economists define consumption much more broadly, as the aggregate of all economic activity that does not entail the design, production and marketing of goods and services (e.g. the selection, adoption, use, disposal and recycling of goods and services).

text: Different schools of economists define

text: production

text: and consumption differently. According to

text: mainstream economists

text: , only the final purchase of

text: goods

text: and

text: services

text: by individuals constitutes consumption, while other types of expenditure — in particular,

text: fixed investment

text: intermediate consumption

text: , and government spending — are placed in separate categories (See

text: consumer choice

text: ). Other economists define consumption much more broadly, as the aggregate of all economic activity that does not entail the design, production and

text: marketing

text: of

text: goods and services

text: (e.g. the selection, adoption, use, disposal and recycling of goods and services).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption much more broadly, as the aggregate of all economic activity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: fixed investment, intermediate consumption, and government spending

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Different schools of economists

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Different schools of economists

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Different schools of economists

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: recycling

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Different schools of economists

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: government spending

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: mainstream economists,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: aggregate of all economic activity

text: Muut was the personification and messenger of death in the culture of the Native American Cahuilla people of southern California and northern Mexico, and was usually depicted as an owl or as the unseen hooting of owls. He was one of the most active and vividly remembered of the nukatem, a special classification of beings who were created by Mukat, the Creator figure, in the 'beginning.' Death was considered a necessary part of life by the Cahuilla, and thus Muut was seen as more of a psychopomp than a frightening grim reaper character. This role was assigned by Mukat, who argued that overpopulation would have dire consequences.

text: Muut was the personification and messenger of death in the culture of the

text: Native American

text: Cahuilla

text: people of southern

text: California

text: and northern

text: Mexico

text: , and was usually depicted as an

text: owl

text: or as the unseen hooting of owls. He was one of the most active and vividly remembered of the nukatem, a special classification of beings who were created by

text: Mukat

text: , the Creator figure, in the 'beginning.'

text: Death

text: was considered a necessary part of life by the Cahuilla, and thus Muut was seen as more of a

text: psychopomp

text: than a frightening

text: grim reaper

text: character. This role was assigned by

text: Mukat

text: , who argued that overpopulation would have dire consequences.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: southern California

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: death

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: death

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Death

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: dire consequences.

text: About 17% of total electricity production is consumed by in-processes, such as self-consumption of power plants, grid losses and storage losses. In 2008, total electricity generation accounted for 20,261 TWh, while 3,464 TWh were self-consumption and losses and 16,816 TWh went to final consumption.

text: About 17% of total electricity production is consumed by in-processes, such as self-consumption of power plants, grid losses and storage losses. In 2008, total electricity generation accounted for 20,261 TWh, while 3,464 TWh were self-consumption and losses and 16,816 TWh went to final consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: about 17% of total electricity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: in-processes

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: self-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: About 17% of total electricity production is consumed by in-processes,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: About 17% of total electricity production is consumed by in-processes,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: About 17% of total electricity production is consumed by in-processes,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 17%

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: grid losses and storage losses.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: About 17% of total electricity production is consumed by in-processes,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: self-consumption of power plants,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: About 17% of total electricity production is consumed by in-processes,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: self-consumption of power plants, grid losses and storage losses.

text: Gotong royong has long functioned as the scale of the village, as a moral conception of the political economy. However, as the political economy became more privatized, capitalistic, and individualistic, gotong royong has probably waned. Pottier records the impact of the Green Revolution in Java:

text: Gotong royong has long functioned as the scale of the village, as a moral conception of the political economy. However, as the political economy became more privatized, capitalistic, and individualistic, gotong royong has probably waned. Pottier records the impact of the

text: Green Revolution

text: in Java:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: gotong royong

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Java

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: not enough information

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: individualistic

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Java:

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: gotong royong has probably waned.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Java:

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Gotong royong

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Gotong royong

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Java:

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Gotong royong

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Gotong royong

text: The increase in consumption of sweetened beverages has been described as a worldwide health problem, but it is particularly visible in the United States, from where most popular drinks, like sodas, have originated. In the US, sweetened beverages such as most sodas are the most widely consumed type of foods containing added sugar, and they account for about a third of all consumption of added sugars (about half if counted together with fruit juice); about twice the amount that is gained from the categories of "desserts" and "sweets").  They represent about 7% of total energy intake, where they can account for up to 15% in children, and have been described as the "largest single food source of calories in the US diet". The consumption of sweetened beverages has increased in the US since the 1970s, accounting for a significant portion (perhaps as high as a half) of the rise in caloric intake among the American populace. Some more recent research suggests that the added sugar consumption in the US has started declining in the 21st century, due to a related decrease in the consumption of sweetened beverages, encouraged by the government health awareness initiative and other programs.

text: The increase in consumption of sweetened beverages has been described as a worldwide health problem, but it is particularly visible in the

text: United States

text: , from where most popular drinks, like sodas, have originated. In the US, sweetened beverages such as most

text: sodas

text: are the most widely consumed type of foods containing added sugar, and they account for about a third of all consumption of added sugars (about half if counted together with

text: fruit juice

text: ); about twice the amount that is gained from the categories of "desserts" and "

text: sweets

text: ").  They represent about 7% of total energy intake, where they can account for up to 15% in children, and have been described as the "largest single food source of calories in the US diet". The consumption of sweetened beverages has increased in the US since the 1970s, accounting for a significant portion (perhaps as high as a half) of the rise in caloric intake among the American populace. Some more recent research suggests that the added sugar consumption in the US has started declining in the 21st century, due to a related decrease in the consumption of sweetened beverages, encouraged by the government health awareness initiative and other programs.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The increase in consumption of sweetened beverages

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: government health awareness initiative and other programs.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: added sugar consumption in the US has started declining in the 21st century,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The increase in consumption of sweetened beverages

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: added sugars

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 1970s,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: increase in consumption of sweetened beverages

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The increase in consumption of sweetened beverages

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: worldwide health problem,

text: The risk could lay in a loss of time and resources that could be otherwise invested in defining the outcomes, notwithstanding the fact that it renders the convention vague, weak and open to multiple interpretations.Other critiques note the fact that private bodies are excluded from the mandatory procedures(Mason, 2010), and that, moreover, it can also be debated whether the NGOs involved are faithfully representing environmental interests, ordinary citizens often do not have the financial means to participate effectively and are therefore have no choice but to be represented by these larger organisations. The relative differences between the participants and social groups' resource inequalities also suggests the possibility for irregular and imbalanced environmental protection.

text: The risk could lay in a loss of time and resources that could be otherwise invested in defining the outcomes, notwithstanding the fact that it renders the convention vague, weak and open to multiple interpretations.Other critiques note the fact that private bodies are excluded from the mandatory procedures(Mason, 2010), and that, moreover, it can also be debated whether the NGOs involved are faithfully representing environmental interests, ordinary citizens often do not have the financial means to participate effectively and are therefore have no choice but to be represented by these larger organisations. The relative differences between the participants and social groups' resource inequalities also suggests the possibility for irregular and imbalanced

text: environmental protection

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalanced environmental protection

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: irregular and imbalanced environmental protection.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: it renders the convention vague, weak and open to multiple interpretations.Other

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The relative differences between the participants and social groups' resource inequalities

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: it renders the convention vague, weak and open to multiple interpretations.Other

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental protection.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: environmental protection.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: resource inequalities

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: vague, weak and open to multiple interpretations.Other

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: irregular and imbalanced environmental protection.

text: Consumption of all normal goods increases as income increases. For example, if income increases by 50%, then consumption will increase (maybe by only 1%, maybe by 40%, maybe by 70%). A superior good is a normal good for which the proportional consumption increase exceeds the proportional income increase. So, if income increases by 50% then consumption of a superior good will increase by more than 50% (maybe 51%, maybe 70%).

text: Consumption of all normal goods increases as income increases. For example, if income increases by 50%, then consumption will increase (maybe by only 1%, maybe by 40%, maybe by 70%). A superior good is a normal good for which the

text: proportional

text: consumption increase exceeds the

text: proportional income increase

text: . So, if income increases by 50% then consumption of a superior good will increase by more than 50% (maybe 51%, maybe 70%).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher incomes

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the worlds people

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption will increase

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption of all normal goods

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: superior good

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Consumption of all normal goods increases as income increases.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Consumption of all normal goods increases as income increases.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Consumption of all normal goods increases as income increases.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Consumption of all normal goods increases as income increases.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Consumption of all normal goods increases as income increases.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: A superior good

text: In 2013, Taiwan's line losses accounted for 7,290.9 GWh or 2.96% of total domestic consumption.

text: In 2013, Taiwan's line losses accounted for 7,290.9 GWh or 2.96% of total domestic consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Taiwan's line losses

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Taiwan

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: line losses

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Taiwan's line losses

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2.96% of total domestic consumption.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Taiwan's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 2.96% of total domestic consumption.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: line losses

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Taiwan's line losses accounted for 7,290.9 GWh

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: line losses

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 2.96% of total domestic consumption.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 2.96% of total domestic consumption.

text: Overpopulation or "Malthus DA" DA - By the plan saving lives, it undermines natural death checks, which lead to overpopulation and a "Malthusian" catastrophe because of it

text: Overpopulation or "Malthus DA" DA - By the plan saving lives, it undermines natural death checks, which lead to overpopulation and a "Malthusian" catastrophe because of it

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Malthusian

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: "Malthus DA"

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

text: Energy in Victoria, Australia is generated using a number of fuels or technologies, including coal, natural gas and renewable energy sources - hydro, wind and solar. Brown coal is the primary energy source in the generation of electricity in the State of Victoria, Australia. Brown coal is also one of the largest contributors to Australia's total domestic greenhouse gas emissions and a source of huge controversy for the country. Australia is one the highest polluters of greenhouse gas per capita in the world. Brown coal is used for the generation of approximately 85% of Victoria's household, commercial and industrial electricity consumption.

text: Energy in Victoria, Australia is generated using a number of fuels or technologies, including coal, natural gas and

text: renewable energy

text: sources -

text: hydro

text: wind

text: and

text: solar

text: . Brown coal is the

text: primary energy

text: source in the generation of

text: electricity

text: in the State of

text: Victoria

text: , Australia. Brown coal is also one of the largest contributors to Australia's total domestic

text: greenhouse gas emissions

text: and a source of huge controversy for the country. Australia is one the

entity_name: List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions per capita

text: highest polluters of greenhouse gas per capita

text: in the world. Brown coal is used for the generation of approximately 85% of Victoria's household, commercial and industrial electricity consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewable energy sources

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Victoria

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Australia is one of the highest polluters of greenhouse gas per capita in the world

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Australia is one the highest polluters of greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: one the highest polluters of greenhouse gas per capita in the world.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Victoria, Australia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Australia

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: renewable energy sources

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Brown coal

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Australia

text: The life-cycle hypothesis suggests that individuals plan their consumption and savings behaviour over their life-cycle. They intend to even out their consumption in the best possible manner over their entire lifetimes, doing so by accumulating when they earn and dis-saving when they are retired. The key assumption is that all individuals choose to maintain stable lifestyles. This implies that they usually don't save up a lot in one period to spend furiously in the next period, but keep their consumption levels approximately the same in every period. The first period should be ignored otherwise housing depreciates below its marginal rate of substitution.

text: The life-cycle hypothesis suggests that individuals plan their consumption and savings behaviour over their life-cycle. They intend to even out their consumption in the best possible manner over their entire lifetimes, doing so by accumulating when they earn and dis-saving when they are retired. The key assumption is that all individuals choose to maintain stable lifestyles. This implies that they usually don't save up a lot in one period to spend furiously in the next period, but keep their consumption levels approximately the same in every period. The first period should be ignored otherwise housing depreciates below its marginal rate of substitution.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainable lifestyles

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agriculture brought about the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The first period should be ignored

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: accumulating when they earn

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: housing depreciates below its marginal rate of substitution.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The life-cycle hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: all individuals choose to maintain stable lifestyles.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The life-cycle hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: housing

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The life-cycle hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: housing depreciates below its marginal rate of substitution.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The life-cycle hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: spend furiously

text: The overproduction and low cost of commodity grains encourages the  mass production of livestock in concentrated feedlots and has led to large expansions in cattle feedlots, hog factories and broiler productions. The USDA provides marketing assistance to agriculture, encouraging Americans to drink more milk, eat more eggs and eat more meat. Encouraging the increased consumption of these foods heightens the demand for commodity corn, since one of its main usages is animal feed. Large scale expansion of concentrated animal feeding operations contributes to air, water and soil pollution. Combined, the poultry, pork and beef industries produce six to ten times more waste than humans.  The Environmental Protection Agency also explains that waste from animals from factory farms contains phosphorus, nitrogen, pathogens and veterinary pharmaceuticals (including hormones and antibiotics) which runoff and pollute the soil and water. Emissions of gases and particulates from the animals also pollute the air.

text: The overproduction and low cost of commodity grains encourages the  mass production of livestock in concentrated

text: feedlots

text: and has led to large expansions in cattle feedlots, hog factories and broiler productions. The USDA provides marketing assistance to agriculture, encouraging Americans to drink more milk, eat more eggs and eat more meat. Encouraging the increased consumption of these foods heightens the demand for commodity corn, since one of its main usages is animal feed. Large scale expansion of concentrated animal feeding operations contributes to

text: air

text: water

text: and

text: soil pollution

text: . Combined, the

text: poultry

text: pork

text: and

text: beef

text: industries produce six to ten times more

text: waste

text: than humans.  The

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: also explains that waste from animals from factory farms contains

text: phosphorus

text: nitrogen

text: pathogens

text: and veterinary

text: pharmaceuticals

text: (including

text: hormones

text: and

text: antibiotics

text: ) which

text: runoff

text: and pollute the soil and water. Emissions of

text: gases

text: and particulates from the animals also pollute the air.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Americans

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The overproduction and low cost of commodity grains encourages the mass production of livestock in concentrated feedlots

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overproduction and low cost of commodity grains

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the increased consumption of these foods

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: air, water and soil pollution.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The overproduction and low cost of commodity grains

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Americans

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Large scale expansion of concentrated animal feeding operations

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air, water and soil pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: cattle feedlots, hog factories and broiler productions.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Large scale expansion of concentrated animal feeding operations

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: six to ten times more waste than humans.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased consumption of these foods

text: Arrow et al. argue pollution-income progression of agrarian communities (clean) to industrial economies (pollution intensive) to service economies (cleaner) would appear to be false if pollution increases again at the end due to higher levels of income and consumption of the population at large. A difficulty with this model is that it lacks predictive power because it is highly uncertain how the next phase of economic development will be characterized.

text: Arrow et al. argue pollution-income progression of agrarian communities (clean) to industrial economies (pollution intensive) to service economies (cleaner) would appear to be false if pollution increases again at the end due to higher levels of income and consumption of the population at large. A difficulty with this model is that it lacks predictive power because it is highly uncertain how the next phase of economic development will be characterized.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrial economies

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: higher levels of income

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: higher levels of income and consumption of the population at large.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrial economies

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pollution-income progression of agrarian communities

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution-income progression of agrarian communities (clean)

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution-income

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: pollution-income progression of agrarian communities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: higher levels of income and consumption of the population at large.

text: Theoretically, the consumption of luxury products (goods and services) is limited to the leisure class, because the working classes have other, more important, things and activities on which to spend their limited income, their wages. Yet, such is not the case, because the lower classes consume expensive alcoholic beverages and narcotic drugs. In doing so, the working classes seek to emulate the standards of life and play of the leisure class, because they are the people “at the head of the social structure in point of reputability”. In that emulation of the leisure class, social manners are a result of the non-productive, consumption of time by the upper social classes; thus the social utility of conspicuous consumption and of conspicuous leisure lies in their wastefulness of time and resources.

text: Theoretically, the consumption of luxury products (goods and services) is limited to the leisure class, because the working classes have other, more important, things and activities on which to spend their limited income, their

text: wages

text: . Yet, such is not the case, because the lower classes consume expensive alcoholic beverages and narcotic drugs. In doing so, the working classes seek to emulate the standards of life and play of the leisure class, because they are the people “at the head of the social structure in point of reputability”. In that emulation of the leisure class,

text: social manners

text: are a result of the non-productive, consumption of time by the upper social classes; thus the social utility of

text: conspicuous consumption

text: and of

text: conspicuous leisure

text: lies in their wastefulness of time and resources.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the working classes

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: wastefulness of time and resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: conspicuous consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of luxury products

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Theoretically, the consumption of luxury products

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the lower classes consume expensive alcoholic beverages and narcotic drugs.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Theoretically,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: wastefulness of time and resources.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the consumption of luxury products

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption of time by the upper social classes;

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Theoretically, the consumption of luxury products

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wastefulness of time and resources.

text: Imbalanced, the opposite of balanced.

text: Imbalanced, the opposite of balanced.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: balanced diets

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: balanced

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: imbalanced

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: balanced

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: balanced

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: balanced

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalances

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: balanced

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalanced consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Imbalanced,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Imbalanced,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Imbalanced,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Imbalanced,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Imbalanced,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Imbalanced,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Imbalanced,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Imbalanced,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Imbalanced,

text: In machine learning, local case-control sampling  is an algorithm used to reduce the complexity of training a logistic regression classifier. The algorithm reduces the training complexity by selecting a small subsample of the original dataset for training. It assumes the availability of a (unreliable) pilot estimation of the parameters. It then performs a single pass over the entire dataset using the pilot estimation to identify the most "surprising" samples. In practice, the pilot may come from prior knowledge or training using a subsample of the dataset. The algorithm is most effective when the underlying dataset is imbalanced. It exploits the structures of conditional imbalanced datasets more efficiently than alternative methods, such as case control sampling and weighted case control sampling.

text: In

text: machine learning

text: , local case-control sampling  is an

text: algorithm

text: used to reduce the complexity of training a

text: logistic regression

text: classifier. The algorithm reduces the training complexity by selecting a small subsample of the original dataset for training. It assumes the availability of a (unreliable) pilot estimation of the parameters. It then performs a single pass over the entire dataset using the pilot estimation to identify the most "surprising" samples. In practice, the pilot may come from prior knowledge or training using a subsample of the dataset. The algorithm is most effective when the underlying dataset is imbalanced. It exploits the structures of conditional imbalanced datasets more efficiently than alternative methods, such as

text: case control sampling

text: and weighted case control sampling.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: local case-control sampling

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: local case-control sampling

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The algorithm is most effective when the underlying dataset is imbalanced

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increased agriculture brought about

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalanced

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: local case-control sampling

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In machine learning, local case-control sampling

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: local case-control sampling

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: local case-control sampling

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: In machine learning, local case-control sampling

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: In machine learning, local case-control sampling

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalanced.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: local case-control sampling

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: underlying dataset is imbalanced.

text: C = household consumption expenditures / personal consumption expenditures

text: C = household consumption expenditures / personal consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: household consumption expenditures increasing

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: C = household consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the poorest

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: household consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: household consumption expenditures increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: personal consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: household consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: C = household consumption expenditures / personal consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: C = household consumption expenditures / personal consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: C

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: C = household consumption expenditures / personal consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: C = household consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: C = household consumption expenditures / personal consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: C = household consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: C = household consumption expenditures / personal consumption expenditures

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: C = household consumption expenditures / personal consumption expenditures

text: Individuals face two types of tradeoffs. One is the consumption-investment decision. Since productivity is higher, people have more output to consume. An individual might choose to consume all of it today. But if he values future consumption, all that extra output might not be worth consuming in its entirety today. Instead, he may consume some but invest the rest in capital to enhance production in subsequent periods and thus increase future consumption. This explains why investment spending is more volatile than consumption. The life cycle hypothesis argues that households base their consumption decisions on expected lifetime income and so they prefer to “smooth” consumption over time. They will thus save (and invest) in periods of high income and defer consumption of this to periods of low income.

text: Individuals face two types of tradeoffs. One is the consumption-investment decision. Since productivity is higher, people have more output to consume. An individual might choose to consume all of it today. But if he values future consumption, all that extra output might not be worth consuming in its entirety today. Instead, he may consume some but invest the rest in capital to enhance production in subsequent periods and thus increase future consumption. This explains why investment spending is more volatile than consumption. The life cycle hypothesis argues that households base their consumption decisions on expected lifetime income and so they prefer to “smooth” consumption over time. They will thus save (and invest) in periods of high income and defer consumption of this to periods of low income.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher productivity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: poorer regions

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: productivity is higher

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of all of it today

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: productivity is higher, people have more output to consume.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: productivity is higher,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: productivity is higher,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: consumption-investment decision.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: investment spending is more volatile than consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: people have more output to consume.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption-investment decision.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption-investment decision.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: An individual might choose to consume all of it today.

text: Land footprint is a consumption-based indicator, i.e. it looks at the resources needed to create a final product, or by an organisation or country, wherever they are in the world. This is in contrast to production-based indicators, which just look at resource use within a country. For example, cows will require land to graze on within a country, but may also be fed by feed grown on land in another country. This production vs consumption approach is extensively discussed in greenhouse gas emissions accounting, where carbon footprint is the consumption-based indicator.

text: Land footprint is a consumption-based indicator, i.e. it looks at the resources needed to create a final product, or by an organisation or country, wherever they are in the world. This is in contrast to production-based indicators, which just look at resource use within a country. For example, cows will require land to graze on within a country, but may also be fed by feed grown on land in another country. This production vs consumption approach is extensively discussed in

text: greenhouse gas emissions accounting

text: , where

text: carbon footprint

text: is the consumption-based indicator.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: carbon footprint

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: land footprint

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption-based indicators

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: greenhouse gas emissions accounting,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Land footprint

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Land footprint is a consumption-based indicator,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Land footprint

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: cows will require land to graze on within a country,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Land footprint

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Land footprint

text: The Winckler-Caetani theory, named after its two most distinguished proponents, Hugo Winckler and Leone Caetani, claims that Arabia was originally a land of great fertility and the first home of the Semitic peoples. Through the millennia, it was undergoing a process of steady desiccation, a drying up of wealth and waterways and spread of the desert at the expense of the cultivable land. The declining productivity of the peninsula, together with the increase in the number of inhabitants, led to a series of crises of overpopulation and consequently to a recurring cycle of invasions of the neighboring countries by the Semitic peoples of the peninsula. It was these crises that carried the Assyrians, the Aramaeans, Canaanites (including the Phoenicians and Hebrews), and finally the Arabs themselves into the Fertile Crescent. The Arabs of history would thus be the undifferentiated residue after the great invasion of ancient history had taken place.

text: The Winckler-Caetani theory, named after its two most distinguished proponents,

text: Hugo Winckler

text: and

text: Leone Caetani

text: , claims that Arabia was originally a land of great fertility and the first home of the Semitic peoples. Through the millennia, it was undergoing a process of steady desiccation, a drying up of wealth and waterways and spread of the desert at the expense of the cultivable land. The declining productivity of the peninsula, together with the increase in the number of inhabitants, led to a series of crises of overpopulation and consequently to a recurring cycle of invasions of the neighboring countries by the Semitic peoples of the peninsula. It was these crises that carried the Assyrians, the Aramaeans, Canaanites (including the Phoenicians and Hebrews), and finally the Arabs themselves into the

text: Fertile Crescent

text: . The Arabs of history would thus be the undifferentiated residue after the great invasion of ancient history had taken place.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: undifferentiated residue

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the Fertile Crescent

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The Arabs

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: desert at the expense of the cultivable land

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Fertile Crescent.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Winckler-Caetani theory,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Arabia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Winckler-Caetani

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: desert

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The declining productivity

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Winckler-Caetani

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: crises of overpopulation

text: "Where Marx differs from Keynes is precisely on the question of the falling rate of profit. It is not the propensity to consume or subjective expectations about future profitability that is crucial for Marx. It is the rate of exploitation and the social productivity of labour that are the key considerations and these in relation to the existing capital stock. While for Keynes the low marginal productivity of capital has its cause in an over-abundance of capital in relation to profit expectations, and therefore to a 'potential' over-production of commodities (the capitalist will not invest). For Marx the overproduction of capital is only relative to the social productivity of labour and the existing exploitation conditions. It represents an insufficient mass of surplus-value in relation to total capital. So that for Marx the crisis is, and can only be, resolved by expanding profitable production and accumulation, while for Keynes, it can supposedly be remedied by increasing 'effective demand' and this allows for government induced-production."Yaffe noted in 1972 that "... passages in Volume III referring to the underconsumption of the masses in no way can be interpreted as an underconsumptionist theory of crisis. The basis usually given for a 'underconsumptionist theory of crisis' is Marx's statement that "The last cause of all real crises always remains the poverty and restricted consumption of the masses as compared to the tendency of capitalist production to develop the productive forces in such a way, that only the absolute power of consumption of the entire society would be their limit" The above passage contains within it no more than a description or a restatement of the capitalist relations of production. Marx called it a tautology to explain the crisis by lack of effective consumption ..."

text: 'underconsumptionist theory of crisis'

text: is Marx's statement that "The last cause of all real crises always remains the poverty and restricted consumption of the masses as compared to the tendency of capitalist production to develop the productive forces in such a way, that only the absolute power of consumption of the entire society would be their limit" The above passage contains within it no more than a description or a restatement of the capitalist relations of production. Marx called it a tautology to explain the crisis by lack of effective consumption ..."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: poverty and restricted consumption of the masses

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: induced-production

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: underconsumption of the masses

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: poverty and restricted consumption of the masses

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: underconsumptionist theory of crisis.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: masses

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: underconsumptionist

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: underconsumptionist

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: capitalist production to develop the productive forces

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: poverty and restricted consumption of the masses

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: poverty and restricted consumption of the masses

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: insufficient mass of surplus-value

text: On Sunday 7 August 2016, a combination of high wind and low consumption caused more wind power generation (106%) than consumption in Scotland. Scottish wind turbines provided 39,545 MWh during the 24 hours of that date, while consumption was 37,202 MWh. It was the first time that measurements were available to confirm that fact. On average, year round, renewables contribute over half of Scotland’s energy.

text: On Sunday 7 August 2016, a combination of high wind and low consumption caused more wind power generation (106%) than consumption in Scotland. Scottish wind turbines provided 39,545 MWh during the 24 hours of that date, while consumption was 37,202 MWh. It was the first time that measurements were available to confirm that fact. On average, year round, renewables contribute over half of Scotland’s energy.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over half of Scotland’s energy

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Scotland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: low consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewables contribute over half of Scotland’s energy.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: On Sunday 7 August 2016,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Scotland.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: On Sunday 7 August 2016,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption in Scotland.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: high wind and low consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: high wind and low consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: On Sunday 7 August 2016,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: low consumption

text: Indian environmentalist Vandana Shiva notes that this is the "second Green Revolution". The first Green Revolution, she suggests, was mostly publicly-funded (by the Indian Government). This new Green Revolution, she says, is driven by private [and foreign] interest - notably MNCs like Monsanto. Ultimately, this is leading to foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

text: Indian environmentalist

text: Vandana Shiva

text: notes that this is the "second Green Revolution". The first Green Revolution, she suggests, was mostly publicly-funded (by the Indian Government). This new Green Revolution, she says, is driven by private [and foreign] interest - notably MNCs like Monsanto. Ultimately, this is leading to foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: foreign ownership

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: foreign ownership

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: "second Green Revolution".

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Indian

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "second Green Revolution".

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: MNCs like Monsanto.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Vandana Shiva notes that this is the "second Green Revolution".

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

text: Yet another proposed mechanism involves the phenomenon known as leptin resistance. Leptin is a hormone that regulates long-term energy balance in many mammals. An important role of leptin is long-term inhibition of appetite in response to formation of body fat. This mechanism is known to be disrupted in many obese individuals: even though their leptin levels are commonly elevated, this does not result in reduction of appetite and caloric intake. Leptin resistance may be triggered in rats by ad libitum consumption of energy-dense, highly palatable foods over a period of several days. Chronic consumption of fructose in rats ultimately results in leptin resistance (however, this has only been demonstrated in a diet where fructose provided 60% of calories; consumption by humans in a typical Western diet is several times lower.) Once leptin signalling has been disrupted, the individual becomes prone to further overeating, weight gain, and insulin resistance.

text: Yet another proposed mechanism involves the phenomenon known as

text: leptin resistance

text: Leptin

text: is a hormone that regulates long-term energy balance in many mammals. An important role of leptin is long-term inhibition of appetite in response to formation of body fat. This mechanism is known to be disrupted in many obese individuals: even though their leptin levels are commonly elevated, this does not result in reduction of appetite and caloric intake. Leptin resistance may be triggered in rats by

text: ad libitum

text: consumption of energy-dense, highly palatable foods over a period of several days. Chronic consumption of fructose in rats ultimately results in leptin resistance (however, this has only been demonstrated in a diet where fructose provided 60% of calories; consumption by humans in a typical Western diet is several times lower.) Once leptin signalling has been disrupted, the individual becomes prone to further overeating, weight gain, and insulin resistance.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: obesity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Western

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: body fat

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overeating

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: insulin resistance.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: leptin resistance.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Western

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: leptin resistance.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: insulin resistance.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: leptin resistance.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: leptin resistance.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: leptin resistance.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: weight gain, and insulin resistance.

text: Malnutrition refers to insufficient, excessive, or imbalanced consumption of nutrients by an organism. In developed countries, the diseases of malnutrition are most often associated with nutritional imbalances or excessive consumption. In developing countries, malnutrition is more likely to be caused by poor access to a range of nutritious foods or inadequate knowledge. In Mali the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and the Aga Khan Foundation, trained women's groups to make equinut, a healthy and nutritional version of the traditional recipe di-dèguè (comprising peanut paste, honey and millet or rice flour). The aim was to boost nutrition and livelihoods by producing a product that women could make and sell, and which would be accepted by the local community because of its local heritage.

text: Malnutrition refers to insufficient, excessive, or imbalanced consumption of nutrients by an organism. In developed countries, the diseases of malnutrition are most often associated with nutritional imbalances or excessive consumption. In developing countries, malnutrition is more likely to be caused by poor access to a range of nutritious foods or inadequate knowledge. In

text: Mali

text: the

entity_name: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

text: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

text: ICRISAT

text: ) and the

text: Aga Khan Foundation

text: , trained women's groups to make equinut, a healthy and nutritional version of the traditional recipe di-dèguè (comprising peanut paste, honey and millet or rice flour). The aim was to boost nutrition and livelihoods by producing a product that women could make and sell, and which would be accepted by the local community because of its local heritage.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Mali

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: boost nutrition and livelihoods

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing countries,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Malnutrition

text: The number of cigarettes available for consumption, a statistical measure that reflects sales, has generally been decreasing since they peaked at 6.3 billion in 1977 but consumption has remained constant from 2005 through to 2008 at 2.4 billion cigarettes. Over the last 30 years the number of cigarettes that have been available has dropped by 61.5%. The volume of tobacco available for consumption rose  to a new high of 904 tonnes and was 83.3 percent higher than the lowest amount recorded in 1985.

text: The number of cigarettes available for consumption, a statistical measure that reflects sales, has generally been decreasing since they peaked at 6.3 billion in 1977 but consumption has remained constant from 2005 through to 2008 at 2.4 billion cigarettes. Over the last 30 years the number of cigarettes that have been available has dropped by 61.5%. The volume of tobacco available for consumption rose  to a new high of 904 tonnes and was 83.3 percent higher than the lowest amount recorded in 1985.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: tobacco

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: tobacco

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a statistical measure of sales

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 83.3 percent higher than the lowest amount recorded in 1985.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: decreasing since they peaked at 6.3 billion in 1977

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 6.3 billion in 1977

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The number of cigarettes

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: cigarettes

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 83.3 percent higher than the lowest amount recorded in 1985.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The number of cigarettes available for consumption,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The number of cigarettes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 83.3 percent higher than the lowest amount recorded in 1985.

text: Although UK production could not continue to grow at the annual rate of 3.5%, the world's fossil fuel consumption did grow at this rate until about 1970. According to Jevons, UK coal production in 1865 was estimated as being equal to production in the rest of the world, giving a rough world estimate of 200 million tons. According to the US Department of Energy, global fossil fuel consumption in 1970 was 200 Quad BTU, or 7.2 billion tons coal equivalent. Thus, consumption grew by a factor of 36, representing average annual exponential growth over 105 years of about 3.4%. In the 34 subsequent years, to 2004, consumption grew by a factor of 2.1, or 2.2% per year, an indication, according to organizations such as ASPO that global energy resources are thinning.

text: Although UK production could not continue to grow at the annual rate of 3.5%, the world's fossil fuel consumption did grow at this rate until about 1970. According to Jevons, UK coal production in 1865 was estimated as being equal to production in the rest of the world, giving a rough world estimate of 200 million tons. According to the

text: US Department of Energy

text: , global

text: fossil fuel

text: consumption in 1970 was 200 Quad

text: BTU

text: , or 7.2 billion tons coal equivalent. Thus, consumption grew by a factor of 36, representing average annual exponential growth over 105 years of about 3.4%. In the 34 subsequent years, to 2004, consumption grew by a factor of 2.1, or 2.2% per year, an indication, according to organizations such as

text: ASPO

text: that global energy resources are thinning.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: UK

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption grew by a factor of 36

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: global energy resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption growing by a factor of 36

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global energy resources are thinning.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: global energy resources are thinning.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: UK

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 3.5%,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: coal

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: UK production could not continue to grow at the annual rate of 3.5%,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: global energy resources are thinning.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 3.5%,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: global energy resources are thinning.

text: Each of the evil rings have malevolent faces on them, in contrast to the more element-themed Planeteer rings. Captain Pollution is weakened when he is in contact with pure elements such as clean water or sunlight, while he gains power from contact with pollutants, being able to absorb pollutant and emit radioactive rays (and is later shown to gain power without limit when in contact with pollutants after his resurrection). When he is summoned he says "By your polluting powers combined, I am Captain Pollution! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha!", and when he disappears, he declares "The polluting power is yours!"

text: Each of the evil rings have malevolent faces on them, in contrast to the more element-themed Planeteer rings. Captain Pollution is weakened when he is in contact with pure elements such as clean water or sunlight, while he gains power from contact with pollutants, being able to absorb pollutant and emit radioactive rays (and is later shown to gain power without limit when in contact with pollutants after his resurrection). When he is summoned he says "By your polluting powers combined, I am Captain Pollution! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha!", and when he disappears, he declares "The polluting power is yours!"

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Captain Pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the evil rings

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Captain Pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Planeteer rings. Captain Pollution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: evil rings

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Captain Pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Captain Pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollutants, being able to absorb pollutant

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Captain Pollution is weakened when he is in contact with pure elements

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Pollution

text: Seen as a relief to the problem of overpopulation even as early as 1758, and listed as one of Stephen Hawking's reasons for pursuing space exploration, it has become apparent that space colonisation in response to overpopulation is unwarranted. Indeed, the birth rates of many developed countries, specifically spacefaring ones, are at or below replacement rates, thus negating the need to use colonisation as a means of population control.

text: Seen as a relief to the problem of overpopulation even as early as 1758, and listed as one of Stephen Hawking's reasons for pursuing space exploration, it has become apparent that space colonisation in response to overpopulation is unwarranted. Indeed, the

text: birth rates

text: of many developed countries, specifically

text: spacefaring ones

text: , are at or below replacement rates, thus negating the need to use colonisation as a means of population control.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

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answers: spacefaring ones

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answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the birth rates

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the birth rates

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developed countries,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation even as early as 1758,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

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answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

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answers: space colonisation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: The premise of ESEM is that science and technology can provide successful and lasting solutions to human-created problems such as environmental pollution and climate-change.  This assumption has recently been challenged in Techno-Fix: Why Technology Won’t Save Us or the Environment ESEM, as all technological control and manipulation, causes unintended and inherently unavoidable negative consequences. Furthermore, due to the limitations of reductionist science, it is inherently impossible to predict all negative impacts of ESEM. Consequently, ESEM can be considered a high-risk technological fix, which attempts to address symptoms of the planetary environmental crisis rather than root causes, which are dysfunctional human behavior such as human overpopulation and overconsumption.

text: The premise of ESEM is that science and technology can provide successful and lasting solutions to human-created problems such as environmental pollution and climate-change.  This assumption has recently been challenged in Techno-Fix: Why Technology Won’t Save Us or the Environment ESEM, as all technological control and manipulation, causes unintended and inherently unavoidable negative consequences. Furthermore, due to the limitations of reductionist science, it is inherently impossible to predict all negative impacts of ESEM. Consequently, ESEM can be considered a high-risk technological fix, which attempts to address symptoms of the planetary environmental crisis rather than root causes, which are dysfunctional human behavior such as

text: human overpopulation

text: and

text: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental pollution and climate-change

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: dysfunctional human behavior

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: dysfunctional human behavior

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental pollution and climate-change.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: climate-change.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: climate-change.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

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answers: dysfunctional human behavior

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: environmental pollution and climate-change.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: dysfunctional human behavior

text: The rapid increase in the global population of the past century exemplifies Malthus's predicted population patterns, whereby expansion of food supply has encouraged population growth. "Neo-Malthusianism" may be used as a label for those who are concerned that overpopulation may increase resource depletion or environmental degradation to a degree that is not sustainable. Many in environmental movements express concern over the potential dangers of population growth.  In 1968, ecologist Garrett Hardin published an influential essay in Science that drew heavily from Malthusian theory. His essay, "The Tragedy of the Commons," argued that "a finite world can support only a finite population" and that "freedom to breed will bring ruin to all." The Club of Rome published a famous book entitled The Limits to Growth in 1972. Paul R. Ehrlich is a prominent neo-Malthusians who first raised concerns in 1968 with the publication of The Population Bomb.

text: The rapid increase in the global population of the past century exemplifies Malthus's predicted population patterns, whereby expansion of food supply has encouraged population growth. "Neo-Malthusianism" may be used as a label for those who are concerned that

text: overpopulation

text: may increase

text: resource depletion

text: or

text: environmental degradation

text: to a degree that is not

text: sustainable

text: . Many in

text: environmental movements

text: express concern over the potential dangers of population growth.  In 1968, ecologist Garrett Hardin published an influential essay in Science that drew heavily from Malthusian theory. His essay,

text: "The Tragedy of the Commons,"

text: argued that "a finite world can support only a finite population" and that "freedom to breed will bring ruin to all." The

text: Club of Rome

text: published a famous book entitled

text: The Limits to Growth

text: in 1972.

text: Paul R. Ehrlich

text: is a prominent neo-Malthusians who first raised concerns in 1968 with the publication of

text: The Population Bomb

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answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

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answers: global population

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answers: no

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answers: environmental degradation

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answers: population growth

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answers: overpopulation

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answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation may increase resource depletion or environmental degradation

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answers: expansion of food supply has encouraged population growth.

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answers: expansion of food supply has encouraged population growth.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: global population

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answers: "Neo-Malthusianism"

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answers: environmental degradation

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answers: population growth.

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answers: expansion of food supply

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answers: "Neo-Malthusianism"

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answers: overpopulation may increase resource depletion or environmental degradation

text: Agricultural productivity of Galician peasants was one of the lowest in Europe, due to the use of primitive agricultural techniques, many little different from those used in the Middle Ages. The situation was compounded by the lack of good land and growing population, resulting in the steadily diminishing size of an individual peasant's plot. Over 70% of Galicia population lived off the land. In the second half of the 19th century, with only a marginal increase of arable land (about 7%), the population of peasants doubled. In 1899, 80% of the plots had less than , and many were not able to grow enough food on their plots to support their families. Overpopulation in Galicia has been so severe that it has been described as the most overpopulated place in Europe, and compared to India and China.

text: Agricultural productivity of Galician peasants was one of the lowest in Europe, due to the use of primitive agricultural techniques, many little different from those used in the

text: Middle Ages

text: . The situation was compounded by the lack of good land and growing population, resulting in the steadily diminishing size of an individual peasant's plot. Over 70% of Galicia population lived off the land. In the second half of the 19th century, with only a marginal increase of arable land (about 7%), the population of peasants doubled. In 1899, 80% of the plots had less than , and many were not able to grow enough food on their plots to support their families.

text: Overpopulation

text: in Galicia has been so severe that it has been described as the most overpopulated place in Europe, and compared to

text: India

text: and

text: China

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

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answers: no

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answers: Galicia

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answers: unanswerable

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answers: overpopulation

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answers: unanswerable

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answers: use of primitive agricultural techniques

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answers: What are the basic human necessities?

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answers: Overpopulation

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answers: Overpopulation

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answers: 7%), the population of peasants doubled. In 1899,

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answers: Galicia

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answers: 7%), the population of peasants doubled. In 1899,

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answers: Overpopulation

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answers: 7%),

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answers: primitive agricultural techniques,

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answers: many were not able to grow enough food

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answers: Overpopulation

text: Consumption refers to the household consumption over a given period of time. The total household consumption can be divided into two parts, they are: Autonomous Consumption and Induced consumption. Autonomous Consumption refers to the amount of consumption regardless of the amount of income, hence, even if the income is zero, the autonomous consumption would be the total consumption. Induced consumption refers to the level of consumption dependent on the level of income.

text: Consumption refers to the household consumption over a given period of time. The total household consumption can be divided into two parts, they are: Autonomous Consumption and Induced consumption.

text: Autonomous Consumption

text: refers to the amount of consumption regardless of the amount of income, hence, even if the income is zero, the autonomous consumption would be the total consumption.

text: Induced consumption

text: refers to the level of consumption dependent on the level of income.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Induced consumption

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answers: South Asia

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answers: Induced consumption

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answers: Nitrogen

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answers: Induced consumption

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answers: unanswerable

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answers: what are basic human necessities

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answers: Autonomous Consumption

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answers: Autonomous Consumption and Induced consumption.

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answers: Consumption

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answers: Consumption

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answers: Consumption

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answers: Consumption

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answers: Consumption

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answers: Consumption

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answers: Consumption

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answers: household consumption over a given period of time.

text: The average size of family plots of Indian farmers may have been about  with yields of 10-20 bushels (627 - 1,254 kg) of shelled maize per acre. This would have been sufficient, after accounting for post-harvest losses to pests and rotting and the retention of seed corn, to provide about 20 percent of the caloric needs of an Indian family of five persons. Some families may have cultivated up to  which would have produced sufficient maize for family consumption plus a tradeable surplus.  Higher yields of up to 40 bushels (2,508 kg.) per acre have been reported on newly cleared land. Land declined in fertility in subsequent crop years.

text: The average size of family plots of Indian farmers may have been about  with yields of 10-20 bushels (627 - 1,254 kg) of shelled maize per acre. This would have been sufficient, after accounting for post-harvest losses to pests and rotting and the retention of seed corn, to provide about 20 percent of the caloric needs of an Indian family of five persons. Some families may have cultivated up to  which would have produced sufficient maize for family consumption plus a tradeable surplus.  Higher yields of up to 40 bushels (2,508 kg.) per acre have been reported on newly cleared land. Land declined in fertility in subsequent crop years.

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answers: a tradeable surplus

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answers: no

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answers: India

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answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

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answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Land declined in fertility in subsequent crop years

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answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: tradeable surplus

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Land declined in fertility in subsequent crop years.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 20 percent of the caloric needs

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answers: Indian

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answers: 20 percent of the caloric needs

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answers: post-harvest losses to pests and rotting

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answers: Higher yields

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answers: pests

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answers: 20 percent of the caloric needs of an Indian family of five persons.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: tradeable surplus.

text: Additionally, the way in which alcohol is consumed (i.e., with meals or bingeing on weekends) affects various health outcomes. Thus, it may be the case that the risk of diabetes associated with heavy alcohol consumption is due to consumption mainly on the weekend as opposed to the same amount spread over a week. In the United Kingdom "advice on weekly consumption is avoided".

text: Additionally, the way in which alcohol is consumed (i.e., with meals or bingeing on weekends) affects various health outcomes. Thus, it may be the case that the risk of diabetes associated with heavy alcohol consumption is due to consumption mainly on the weekend as opposed to the same amount spread over a week. In the United Kingdom "advice on weekly consumption is avoided".

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United Kingdom

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answers: no

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answers: carbon dioxide

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answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: heavy alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: risk of diabetes

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answers: Additionally, the way in which alcohol is consumed

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United Kingdom

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "advice on weekly consumption is avoided".

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: diabetes

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: "advice on weekly consumption is avoided".

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: alcohol is consumed

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: alcohol is consumed

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answers: heavy alcohol consumption

text: Pollution costs can be macro and micro. The macro, environmental pollution of extraction industries building materials rely on such as mining, petroleum, and logging produce environmental damage at their source and in transportation of the raw materials, manufacturing, transportation of the products, retailing, and installation. An example of the micro aspect of pollution is the off-gassing of the building materials in the building or indoor air pollution. Red List building materials are materials found to be harmful. Also the carbon footprint, the total set of greenhouse gas emissions produced in the life of the material. A life-cycle analysis also includes the reuse, recycling, or disposal of construction waste. Two concepts in building which account for the ecological economics of building materials are green building and sustainable development.

text: Pollution costs can be macro and micro. The macro, environmental pollution of extraction industries building materials rely on such as mining, petroleum, and logging produce environmental damage at their source and in transportation of the raw materials, manufacturing, transportation of the products, retailing, and installation. An example of the micro aspect of pollution is the off-gassing of the building materials in the building or

text: indoor air pollution

text: Red List building materials

text: are materials found to be harmful. Also the

text: carbon footprint

text: , the total set of greenhouse gas emissions produced in the life of the material. A

text: life-cycle analysis

text: also includes the

text: reuse

text: , recycling, or disposal of

text: construction waste

text: . Two concepts in building which account for the

text: ecological economics

text: of building materials are

text: green building

text: and

text: sustainable development

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: green building

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: environmental damage

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainable development.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: green building and sustainable development.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Pollution costs can be macro

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: green building and sustainable development.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

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answers: green building and sustainable development.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: mining, petroleum, and logging

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: green building and sustainable development.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Pollution costs can be macro and micro. The macro, environmental pollution

text: Overexploitation is one of the main threats to global biodiversity. Other threats include pollution, introduced and invasive species, habitat fragmentation, habitat destruction, uncontrolled hybridization, global warming, ocean acidification and the driver behind many of these, human overpopulation.

text: Overexploitation is one of the main threats to global

text: biodiversity

text: . Other threats include

text: pollution

text: introduced

text: and

text: invasive

text: species,

text: habitat fragmentation

text: habitat destruction

text: uncontrolled hybridization

text: global warming

text: ocean acidification

text: and the driver behind many of these,

text: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

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answers: overpopulation

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answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: ocean acidification

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answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overexploitation is one of the main threats to global biodiversity.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overexploitation

text: Daily consumption of green tea has been associated with a lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease. In a 2015 meta-analysis of observational studies, an increase in one cup of green tea per day was associated with a 5% lower risk of death from cardiovascular causes. Green tea consumption may be associated with a reduced risk of stroke. A 2013 Cochrane review of randomized controlled trials concluded that green tea consumption for 3–6 months appears to lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures a small amount (about 3 mm Hg each). Additional analyses examining the effects of long-term green tea consumption on blood pressure have reached similar conclusions.

text: Daily consumption of green tea has been associated with a lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease. In a 2015 meta-analysis of observational studies, an increase in one cup of green tea per day was associated with a 5% lower risk of death from cardiovascular causes. Green tea consumption may be associated with a reduced risk of

text: stroke

text: . A 2013

text: Cochrane review

text: of

text: randomized controlled trials

text: concluded that green tea consumption for 3–6 months appears to lower

text: systolic and diastolic blood pressures

text: a small amount (about 3 mm Hg each). Additional analyses examining the effects of long-term green tea consumption on blood pressure have reached similar conclusions.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of green tea

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

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answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: an increase in one cup of green tea

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 5% lower risk of death from cardiovascular causes.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Daily consumption of green tea

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Daily consumption of green tea

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: death from cardiovascular disease.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: green tea

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: cardiovascular disease.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: green tea has been associated with a lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: an increase in one cup of green tea per day

text: The concept of environmental space is the amount of any particularresource that can be consumed by a country without threatening the continuedavailability of that resource, assuming that everyone in the world isentitled to an equal share. The weakness of the concept is that it requirescalculating the maximum sustainable consumption rate of each differentresource globally. This rate could be set by either the maximum sustainableyield (say for forests or fisheries) or the assimilative capacity of theenvironment (e.g. for  or chlorine), but both quantities are very difficult to determine, so the 'environmental space' has rather large error limits and is therefore hard to defend in policy discussions. A further difficulty isthat there is a different 'environmental space' for each kind of resource,and as they each necessarily have different units of measure, they cannot beadded to get an overall environmental space for all the resources consumed by a country. Theidea of environmental space was promoted quite strongly by Friends of the Earth Europe in themid-1990s, but it is rarely used now, because of the aforementioned difficulties, and has essentially been superseded by 'ecological footprint'. The advantage of the ecological footprint is that every kind of resource use is converted to a land area basis, so that they can be added to produce an overall figure fora country, allowing comparisons to be made.

text: The concept of environmental space is the amount of any particular

text: resource

text: that can be consumed by a country without threatening the continuedavailability of that resource, assuming that everyone in the world isentitled to an equal share. The weakness of the concept is that it requirescalculating the maximum

text: sustainable

text: consumption rate of each differentresource globally. This rate could be set by either the maximum sustainableyield (say for

text: forests

text: or

text: fisheries

text: ) or the assimilative capacity of theenvironment (e.g. for

text: or

text: chlorine

text: ), but both quantities are very difficult to determine, so the 'environmental space' has rather large

text: error limits

text: and is therefore hard to defend in policy discussions. A further difficulty isthat there is a different 'environmental space' for each kind of resource,and as they each necessarily have different units of measure, they cannot beadded to get an overall environmental space for all the resources consumed by a country. Theidea of environmental space was promoted quite strongly by

text: Friends of the Earth Europe

text: in themid-1990s, but it is rarely used now, because of the aforementioned difficulties, and has essentially been superseded by '

text: ecological footprint

text: '. The advantage of the ecological footprint is that every kind of resource use is converted to a land area basis, so that they can be added to produce an overall figure fora country, allowing comparisons to be made.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental space

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Europe

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answers: CO2

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answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

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answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: environmental space

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 'ecological footprint'.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The concept of environmental space

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answers: Europe

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answers: The concept of environmental space

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answers: environmental space

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answers: environmental space

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: chlorine),

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answers: The concept of environmental space

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answers: threatening the continuedavailability of that resource,

text: Controversy has arisen over using Euler equations to model consumption. When applying the Euler consumption equations one has trouble explaining empirical data. Attempting to use the Euler equations to model consumption in the United States has led some economists to reject the random walk hypothesis. Some argue that this is due to the model's inability to uncover consumer preference variables such as the intertemporal elasticity of substitution.

text: Controversy has arisen over using Euler equations to model consumption. When applying the Euler consumption equations one has trouble explaining empirical data. Attempting to use the Euler equations to model consumption in the

text: United States

text: has led some economists to reject the random walk hypothesis. Some argue that this is due to the model's inability to uncover consumer preference variables such as the intertemporal elasticity of substitution.

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answers: no such thing

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answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

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answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Controversy

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answers: Controversy

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Euler consumption equations one has trouble explaining empirical data.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Controversy

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: random walk hypothesis.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: model's inability to uncover consumer preference variables

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Controversy has arisen over using Euler equations

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption.

text: Similarly, it can be argued that when expansionary policy rises the stock prices, it automatically also rises the value of the financial wealth of a household and consumption will increase. This effect of stock prices is explained by Modigliani’s model of life-cycle consumption theory. This theory states that an important component of consumer’s lifetime resources are stocks and that stocks therefore are an important determinant for consumption. ↑ M → ↑ stock price → ↑ W → ↑ C → ↑ Y, where W is the financial wealth of a household.

text: Similarly, it can be argued that when expansionary policy rises the stock prices, it automatically also rises the value of the financial wealth of a household and consumption will increase. This effect of stock prices is explained by Modigliani’s model of

text: life-cycle consumption theory

text: . This theory states that an important component of consumer’s lifetime resources are stocks and that stocks therefore are an important determinant for consumption. ↑ M → ↑ stock price → ↑ W → ↑ C → ↑ Y, where W is the financial wealth of a household.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption will increase

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: when expansionary policy rises the stock prices

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption will increase.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: consumption will increase.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Similarly, it can be argued that when expansionary policy

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: when expansionary policy rises the stock prices,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption will increase.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption will increase.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: expansionary policy rises the stock prices,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: stock prices,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption will increase.

text: The spread of Green Revolution agriculture affected both agricultural biodiversity (or agrodiversity) and wild biodiversity. There is little disagreement that the Green Revolution acted to reduce agricultural biodiversity, as it relied on just a few high-yield varieties of each crop.

text: The spread of Green Revolution agriculture affected both agricultural

text: biodiversity

text: (or agrodiversity) and wild biodiversity. There is little disagreement that the Green Revolution acted to reduce agricultural biodiversity, as it relied on just a few high-yield varieties of each crop.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agrodiversity

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high-cost foods

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reduce agricultural biodiversity,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The spread of Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The spread of Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: wild biodiversity.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agricultural biodiversity (or agrodiversity) and wild biodiversity.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Green Revolution agriculture

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The spread of Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: reduce agricultural biodiversity,

text: Assessing Global Land Use: Balancing Consumption with Sustainable Supply

text: Assessing Global Land Use: Balancing Consumption with Sustainable Supply

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in global land use

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no answe

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global land use has increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption that is not sustainable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Sustainable Supply

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Assessing Global Land Use: Balancing Consumption with Sustainable Supply

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Global Land Use: Balancing Consumption with Sustainable Supply

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Assessing Global Land Use: Balancing Consumption with Sustainable Supply

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Land Use:

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Sustainable Supply

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Balancing Consumption with Sustainable Supply

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Assessing Global Land Use: Balancing Consumption with Sustainable Supply

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Balancing Consumption with Sustainable Supply

text: A shipment of about 10 tonnes of endosulfan was illegally stowed on the ill-fated MV Princess of the Stars, a ferry that sank off the waters of Romblon (Sibuyan Island), Philippines, during a storm in June 2008. Search, rescue, and salvage efforts were suspended when the endosulfan shipment was discovered, and blood samples from divers at the scene were sent to Malaysia for analysis. The Department of Health of the Philippines has temporarily banned the consumption of fish caught in the area. Endosulfan is classified as a "Severe Marine Pollutant" by the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code.

text: A shipment of about 10

text: tonnes

text: of endosulfan was illegally stowed on the ill-fated

text: MV Princess of the Stars

text: , a ferry that sank off the waters of

text: Romblon

text: Sibuyan Island

text: ), Philippines, during a storm in June 2008. Search, rescue, and salvage efforts were suspended when the endosulfan shipment was discovered, and blood samples from divers at the scene were sent to

text: Malaysia

text: for analysis. The Department of Health of the Philippines has temporarily banned the consumption of fish caught in the area. Endosulfan is classified as a "Severe Marine Pollutant" by the

entity_name: International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code

text: International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Philippines

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: endosulfan

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: endosulfan

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The Department of Health of the Philippines has temporarily banned the consumption of fish

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2008.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Philippines,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 10 tonnes of endosulfan

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: endosulfan

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 10 tonnes of endosulfan

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: endosulfan

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: MV Princess of the Stars,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: endosulfan

text: However, dissension broke out almost immediately after Bartlett's departure over the sharing of food. It had not been possible to drag all the supplies from Shipwreck Camp, and the trek had taken longer than expected; consequently there were shortages of biscuit, pemmican (a compound of dried meat, fat and sugar) and dog food. There was little prospect of augmenting supplies by hunting birds and game until the weather improved in May or June. When Hadley and the Inuit, Kuraluk, returned from a seal hunt on the ice, Hadley was widely suspected of concealing the proceeds of the hunt for his own consumption; the same pair were also accused of wasting scarce cooking oil. McKinlay records that the circumstances depressed morale and destroyed comradeship: "The misery and desperation of our situation multiplied every weakness, every quirk of personality, every flaw in character, a thousandfold."

text: However, dissension broke out almost immediately after Bartlett's departure over the sharing of food. It had not been possible to drag all the supplies from Shipwreck Camp, and the trek had taken longer than expected; consequently there were shortages of biscuit,

text: pemmican

text: (a compound of dried meat, fat and sugar) and dog food. There was little prospect of augmenting supplies by hunting birds and game until the weather improved in May or June. When Hadley and the Inuit, Kuraluk, returned from a seal hunt on the ice, Hadley was widely suspected of concealing the proceeds of the hunt for his own consumption; the same pair were also accused of wasting scarce cooking oil. McKinlay records that the circumstances depressed morale and destroyed comradeship: "The misery and desperation of our situation multiplied every weakness, every quirk of personality, every flaw in character, a thousandfold."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Inuit

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: cooking oil

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wasting scarce cooking oil

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: shortages

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: food.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Inuit,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: food.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: cooking oil.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: food.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: food.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wasting scarce cooking oil.

text: The ACLU takes a firm position that decriminalizing cannabis will keep tens of thousands of people from entering into the criminal justice system as police efforts result in both unnecessary arrests and the enforcement of marijuana laws wastes billions of tax payers’ dollars. They affirm that removing criminal penalties for marijuana offenses will therefore reduce the U.S. prison population and more effectively protect the public and promote public health. One of the reasons that the ACLU has been such a strong supporter of drug decriminalization is that according to their research drug related arrests have largely driven America’s incarceration rate to unacceptable levels. Drug offenders comprise over 500,000 of the more than 2 million people in America’s prisons and jails, and drug offenses combined with failed drug tests account for a significant number of those returning to prison for parole and probation violations. Between 2001 and 2010, there were over 7 million pot arrests in the U.S. and of these arrests 88% were for simply having marijuana. These marijuana related arrests now account for over half of all drug related arrests in the United States. These arrests tend to be racially imbalanced as a black person is 3.73 times more likely to be arrested than a white person for marijuana related charges, despite research that suggests fairly equal usage rates between the two races. The ACLU is further troubled by the amount of money that is spent annually to enforce marijuana laws as they claim that over 3 billion dollars are spent every year by states to enforce marijuana regulation, while the drug’s availability has not declined. The ACLU claims that over 50% of Americans support marijuana legalization and they are advocating for the legalization of Cannabis through the Criminal Law Reform Project. They believe that the resources that are spent on enforcing marijuana law could be better invested in our communities through education and job training.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: How many arrests were for simply having marijuana?

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: America

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: wastes billions of tax payers’ dollars

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: incarceration rate to unacceptable levels

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: How many pot arrests were for simply having marijuana?

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: racially imbalanced

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: marijuana related charges,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: States.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: marijuana related charges,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: marijuana related charges,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: racially imbalanced

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: police efforts result in both unnecessary arrests

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: marijuana related charges,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: marijuana

text: Human overpopulation<br>World population is expected to reach 9.3 billion by 2050, and continue growing thereafter. This massive number of people is already resulting in human overpopulation, putting excessive strain on all kinds of natural resources and wildlife habitats everywhere, increasing pollution levels and deteriorating human living conditions. Uncontrolled urbanisation is forcing people to live in congested shanty towns, and large cities swell to become megacities with slum areas ripe with high crime rates. Overpopulation may even lead to social conflict and violence, when too many people (especially young males) end up competing for too few employment opportunities in sluggish economies.

text: Human overpopulation<br>World population is expected to reach 9.3 billion by 2050, and continue growing thereafter. This massive number of people is already resulting in

text: human overpopulation

text: , putting excessive strain on all kinds of

text: natural resource

text: s and

text: wildlife habitats

text: everywhere, increasing pollution levels and deteriorating human living conditions. Uncontrolled urbanisation is forcing people to live in congested

text: shanty town

text: s, and large cities swell to become

text: megacities

text: with

text: slum areas

text: ripe with

text: high crime rates

text: . Overpopulation may even lead to

text: social conflict and violence

text: , when too many people (especially young males) end up competing for too few employment opportunities in sluggish economies.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: uncontrolled urbanisation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: uncontrolled urbanisation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive strain on all kinds of natural resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution levels and deteriorating human living conditions.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: br>World population is expected to reach 9.3 billion by 2050,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: large cities swell to become megacities

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: br>World population is expected to reach 9.3 billion by 2050,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution levels and deteriorating human living conditions.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: deteriorating human living conditions.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: putting excessive strain on all kinds of natural resources and wildlife habitats

text: The major transboundary issues relating to pollution and water quality are:  sewage-borne pathogens and organic load; solid waste/marine litter; increasing nutrient inputs; oil pollution; persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and persistent toxic substances (PTSs); sedimentation; and heavy metals.The transboundary nature of these issues are: discharge of untreated/partially treated sewage being a common problem.  Sewage and organic discharges from the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna River are likely to be transboundary. Plastics and derelict fishing gear can be transported long distances across national boundaries. High nutrient discharges from rivers could intensify largescale hypoxia.  Atmospheric transport of nutrients is inherently transboundary.  Differences between countries with regard to regulation and enforcement of shipping discharges may drive discharges across boundaries.  Tar balls are transported long distances. POPs/PTSs and mercury, including organo-mercury, undergo long-range transport. Sedimentation and most heavy metal contamination tend to be localized and lack a strong transboundary dimension.The main causes of the issues are:  increasing coastal population density and urbanization; higher consumption, resulting in more waste generated per person; insufficient funds allocated to waste management; migration of industry into BOBLME countries; and proliferation of small industries.

text: The major transboundary issues relating to

text: pollution

text: and

text: water quality

text: are:  sewage-borne pathogens and organic load; solid waste/marine litter; increasing nutrient inputs; oil pollution; persistent organic pollutants (

text: POPs

text: ) and persistent toxic substances (PTSs); sedimentation; and heavy metals.The transboundary nature of these issues are: discharge of untreated/partially treated

text: sewage

text: being a common problem.  Sewage and organic discharges from the

text: Ganges

text: Brahmaputra

text: Meghna

text: River are likely to be transboundary. Plastics and derelict fishing gear can be transported long distances across national boundaries. High nutrient discharges from rivers could intensify largescale hypoxia.  Atmospheric transport of nutrients is inherently transboundary.  Differences between countries with regard to regulation and enforcement of shipping discharges may drive discharges across boundaries.

text: Tar balls

text: are transported long distances. POPs/PTSs and

text: mercury

text: , including organo-mercury, undergo long-range transport.

text: Sedimentation

text: and most heavy metal contamination tend to be localized and lack a strong transboundary dimension.The main causes of the issues are:  increasing coastal population density and urbanization; higher consumption, resulting in more waste generated per person; insufficient funds allocated to waste management; migration of industry into BOBLME countries; and proliferation of small industries.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: BOBLME countries

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: tar balls

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increasing coastal population density and urbanization

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: increasing coastal population density and urbanization

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: more waste generated per person

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: proliferation of small industries.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasing coastal population density and urbanization;

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: BOBLME countries;

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: increasing coastal population density and urbanization;

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: oil pollution;

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: higher consumption, resulting in more waste generated per person;

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: increasing coastal population density and urbanization;

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The major transboundary issues

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: more waste generated per person;

text: Obsolescence- Obsolescence Management- Ocean colonization- Ocean Dumping Act- Ocean Dumping Ban Act- Office of the Gene Technology Regulator- Ogallala Aquifer- Oglala National Grassland- Oil desulfurization- Oklo- Old growth forest- Oncomouse- One-child policy- Ontario Nature- Open pollination- Operation Crossroads- Operation Grapple- Operation Plumbbob- Orchard- Organic certification- Organic electronics- Organic farming- Organic food- Organic gardening- Organic horticulture- Organic lawn management- Organic light-emitting diode- Organic movement- Organochlorine compound- Our Common Future- Our Posthuman Future- Outline of forestry- Over-consumption- Overpopulation- Oxygen saturation- Ozone depletion- Ozone depletion potential- Ozone layer- Ozone-oxygen cycle

text: Obsolescence

text: Obsolescence Management

text: Ocean colonization

entity_name: Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972

text: Ocean Dumping Act

text: Ocean Dumping Ban Act

text: Office of the Gene Technology Regulator

text: Ogallala Aquifer

text: Oglala National Grassland

text: Oil desulfurization

text: Oklo

text: Old growth forest

text: Oncomouse

text: One-child policy

text: Ontario Nature

text: Open pollination

text: Operation Crossroads

text: Operation Grapple

text: Operation Plumbbob

text: Orchard

text: Organic certification

text: Organic electronics

text: Organic farming

text: Organic food

text: Organic gardening

text: Organic horticulture

text: Organic lawn management

text: Organic light-emitting diode

text: Organic movement

text: Organochlorine compound

text: Our Common Future

text: Our Posthuman Future

text: Outline of forestry

text: Over-consumption

text: Overpopulation

text: Oxygen saturation

text: Ozone depletion

text: Ozone depletion potential

text: Ozone layer

text: Ozone-oxygen cycle

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: organic certification

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Ogallala Aquifer

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ontario

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Ogallala Aquifer

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Organochlorine compound

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Ozone depletion

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Organic certification- Organic electronics- Organic farming- Organic food-

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Over-consumption- Overpopulation-

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ontario

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Ogallala Aquifer-

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Ozone depletion-

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Organic certification- Organic electronics- Organic farming-

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Ozone depletion-

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Organic certification- Organic electronics- Organic farming- Organic food-

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation-

text: For the sale of hot food consumption intended for consumption off the premises.

text: For the sale of hot food consumption intended for consumption off the premises.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a change in the way people eat

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: undeveloped areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: it was possible for food to be sold

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evaporation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: ii.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming too much food

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: hot food consumption intended for consumption off the premises.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: For the sale of hot food consumption intended for consumption off the premises.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: For the sale of hot food consumption intended for consumption off the premises.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: hot food consumption intended for consumption off the premises.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: hot food

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: hot food consumption intended for consumption off the premises.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: hot food consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: hot food consumption intended for consumption off the premises.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: hot food consumption intended for consumption off the premises.

text: Many bills presented involve social intervention for the welfare of the community. Debates take place around the importance of old-aged people, the fight of pollution, the control of consumption behaviors, labor peace, the rights of offenders or the proper treatment of prisoners.A language at the center of discussionsBy 1976, the year that the Parti Québécois was first elected to govern Quebec, the QYP was still a largely anglophone organization. However, it introduced bills supporting bilingual teaching and French language integration of new immigrants. In the late 1970s, sponsorship by the Protestant churches declined, contemporaneous with an increase of French-speaking members.

text: Many bills presented involve social intervention for the welfare of the community. Debates take place around the importance of old-aged people, the fight of pollution, the control of consumption behaviors, labor peace, the rights of offenders or the proper treatment of prisoners.A language at the center of discussionsBy 1976, the year that the

text: Parti Québécois

text: was first elected to govern Quebec, the QYP was still a largely

text: anglophone

text: organization. However, it introduced

text: bills

text: supporting bilingual teaching and

text: French language

text: integration of new immigrants. In the late 1970s, sponsorship by the Protestant churches declined, contemporaneous with an increase of French-speaking members.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the fight of pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Quebec

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption behaviors

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: bilingual teaching and French language integration of new immigrants.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1976,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Quebec,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1976,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increase of French-speaking members.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 1976,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the control of consumption behaviors,

text: Iran began restricting alcohol production and consumption shortly after the Iranian revolution. Even with this ban, alcohol smuggling is still popular in Iran today. It is reported that over 2.5 million dollars of alcohol is smuggled into Iran every day. Smugglers often have a hard time smuggling alcohol into Iran; border security forces repeatedly clash with smugglers and many die.

text: Iran began restricting alcohol production and consumption shortly after the

text: Iranian revolution

text: . Even with this ban, alcohol smuggling is still popular in Iran today. It is reported that over 2.5 million dollars of alcohol is smuggled into Iran every day. Smugglers often have a hard time smuggling alcohol into Iran; border security forces repeatedly clash with smugglers and many die.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: alcohol production

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Iran

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Iran began restricting alcohol production and consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Iran began restricting alcohol production and consumption shortly after the Iranian revolution.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Iran

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Iran began restricting alcohol production and consumption shortly after the Iranian revolution.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: alcohol production

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: border security forces repeatedly clash with smugglers

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Iran began restricting alcohol production and consumption shortly after the Iranian revolution.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol

text: Also consumers use stereotypes as a resource to help inform their choices, because stereotypes are socially shared and provide information about social groups based on easily identified qualities (e.g. race, gender), they may prove useful in inferring the preferences and anticipating the behavior of one’s consumption partner.

text: Also consumers use stereotypes as a resource to help inform their choices, because stereotypes are socially shared and provide information about social groups based on easily identified qualities (e.g. race, gender), they may prove useful in inferring the preferences and anticipating the behavior of one’s consumption partner.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumers using stereotypes to help inform their choices

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: stereotypes

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumers use stereotypes as a resource

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: a resource to help inform their choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating too much

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumers use stereotypes

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: consumers use stereotypes

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: race,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: consumers use stereotypes

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: stereotypes

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumers use stereotypes as a resource to help inform their choices,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumers use stereotypes

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumers use stereotypes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumers use stereotypes

text: The country has a significant overpopulation problem.

text: The country has a significant overpopulation problem.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the poorest

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no relevant information is given

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the population has grown

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation problem.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The country has a significant overpopulation problem.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The country has a significant overpopulation problem.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation problem.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The country has a significant overpopulation problem.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Autogas consumption in China has grown rapidly since the 1990s, has slowed down in the early 2000s, but has started to grow again in recent years. In 2009, autogas refuelling stations have spread to 25 cities and has become a major alternative fuel in China. Motorcycles account for a large portion of the autogas, with over 260,000 autogas motorcycles in Shanghai alone. In Shenyang, the local government is encouraging public transport to convert to autogas, and as of 2009 over 160,000 taxicabs run on the fuel as well as over 2,500 buses. The city of Guangzhou accounted for 46.56% of national autogas consumption in 2009. Only 24% of China's Liquefied Petroleum Gas is produced domestically.

text: Autogas consumption in China has grown rapidly since the 1990s, has slowed down in the early 2000s, but has started to grow again in recent years. In 2009, autogas refuelling stations have spread to 25 cities and has become a major alternative fuel in China. Motorcycles account for a large portion of the autogas, with over 260,000 autogas motorcycles in

text: Shanghai

text: alone. In

text: Shenyang

text: , the local government is encouraging public transport to convert to autogas, and as of 2009 over 160,000

text: taxicabs

text: run on the fuel as well as over 2,500 buses. The city of

text: Guangzhou

text: accounted for 46.56% of national autogas consumption in 2009. Only 24% of China's

text: Liquefied Petroleum Gas

text: is produced domestically.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: autogas consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Guangzhou

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: China has grown rapidly since the 1990s

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities in China?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: China's Liquefied Petroleum Gas

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: autogas refuelling stations have spread to 25 cities

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Autogas consumption in China has grown rapidly since the 1990s,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Shenyang,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Autogas consumption in China has grown rapidly since the 1990s,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Liquefied Petroleum Gas

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Autogas consumption in China has grown rapidly since the 1990s,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Autogas consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Autogas

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Autogas

text: Regarding the ultimate objectives behind the making of the film, Morgan said he was not trying to blame just a single company nor the fast fashion industry as "it did not invent a very irresponsible way of manufacturing, it did not invent overmarketing the consumption of things." The director said the film was intended to be a caution on the "incessant consumption of mediocre stuff" and an incentive to view shopping as something more than a hobby, adding that buying is "a moral act and there is a chain reaction of consequences". He commented he was not trying to be "anti-business or anti-market" but was just reaffirming basic human rights and showing the limits of natural resources.

text: Regarding the ultimate objectives behind the making of the film, Morgan said he was not trying to blame just a single company nor the fast fashion industry as "it did not invent a very irresponsible way of manufacturing, it did not invent overmarketing the consumption of things." The director said the film was intended to be a caution on the "incessant consumption of mediocre stuff" and an incentive to view shopping as something more than a hobby, adding that buying is "a moral act and there is a chain reaction of consequences". He commented he was not trying to be "anti-business or anti-market" but was just reaffirming basic human rights and showing the limits of natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: natural resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: incessant consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: limits of natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: reaffirming basic human rights and showing the limits of natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Morgan said he was not trying to blame just a single company

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the limits of natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: limits of natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: limits of natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: limits of natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: reaffirming basic human rights and showing the limits of natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "incessant consumption of mediocre stuff"

text: which represents the amount to which resource consumption and predator attack are linearly related between two competing species, i and j.

text: which represents the amount to which resource consumption and predator attack are linearly related between two competing species, i and j.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in predators

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: i

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: ii

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: i

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: a decrease in predators

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: anthropogenic

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: i

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: resource consumption and predator attack are linearly related between two competing species,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: i and j.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: i and j.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: i and j.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: predator attack

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: predator attack are linearly related between two competing species,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: resource consumption and predator attack

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: i and j.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: resource consumption and predator attack are linearly related between two competing species,

text: Neusner was a signer of the conservative Christian Cornwall Declaration on Environmental Stewardship, which expresses concern over the "unfounded or undue concerns" of environmentalists such as "fears of destructive manmade global warming, overpopulation, and rampant species loss".

text: Neusner was a signer of the conservative Christian

text: Cornwall Declaration on Environmental Stewardship

text: , which expresses concern over the "unfounded or undue concerns" of

text: environmentalists

text: such as "fears of destructive manmade

text: global warming

text: overpopulation

text: , and

text: rampant species loss

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Cornwall

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: manmade global warming

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation, and rampant species loss".

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Cornwall

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "fears of destructive manmade global warming,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: global warming,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: manmade global warming,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Christian Cornwall Declaration on Environmental Stewardship,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: With the introduction of consumption tax in 1989, the price was raised to 11,300 yen from the summer ticket, and this was further increased to 11,500 yen from the summer 1997 ticket following the increase of consumption tax from 3% to 5%. In 2014, the consumption tax was raised to 8%, leading to a new price of 11,850 yen.

text: With the introduction of

text: consumption tax

text: in 1989, the price was raised to 11,300 yen from the summer ticket, and this was further increased to 11,500 yen from the summer 1997 ticket following the increase of consumption tax from 3% to 5%. In 2014, the consumption tax was raised to 8%, leading to a new price of 11,850 yen.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Japan

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 11,850 yen.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 3% to 5%.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: With the introduction of consumption tax in 1989,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: With the introduction of consumption tax in 1989,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 3% to 5%.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 3% to 5%.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption tax

text: The desho grazing land management intervention has significant positive impacts on the natural environment, particularly when biodiversity is improved. Desho is used as a rehabilitation method to overcome land degradation caused by overpopulation and unsustainable farming practices. Desho greatly improves ground cover, which in turn controls runoff and soil loss. Moreover its massive root system strengthens the soil structure and improves water conservation capacities while effectively using deeper nutrients for growth. The application of trees and legumes alongside desho improves soil fertility by regenerating critical nutrients such as fixed nitrogen from legumes. However, most important for land rehabilitation is the change from overgrazing to silvopasture practices (combining forestry with grazing). In Ethiopian agriculture, livestock production plays a fundamental role for the livelihood of the people. Due to rapid population growth in the Ethiopian highlands, traditional communal grazing areas are increasingly being fragmented into cropland to meet growing demand. In turn, massive pressure is placed on remaining grazing land as overstocking cow and oxen leads to overgrazing and land degradation. This pattern negatively affects agricultural productivity and places a direct threat on the livelihoods of local farmers. Implementing desho with silvopasture methods, such as cut-and-carry and biodiversity systems, protects grazing land from further degradation while increasing its productivity, and consequently improving livestock production.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: what is the most important for land rehabilitation?

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ethiopian highlands

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: soil loss

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: due to rapid population growth in the Ethiopian highlands

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overgrazing

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: positive impacts on the natural environment,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: biodiversity is improved.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ethiopian highlands,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: land degradation caused by overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: runoff and soil loss.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: rapid population growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation and unsustainable farming practices.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: livestock production plays a fundamental role for the livelihood of the people.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overstocking cow and oxen leads to overgrazing

text: Typically, a person’s MPC (marginal propensity to consume) is relatively high during young adulthood, decreases during the middle-age years, and increases when the person is near or in retirement.  The Life Cycle Hypothesis(LCH) model defines individual behavior as an attempt to smooth out consumption patterns over one's lifetime somewhat independent of current levels of income. This model states that early in one's life consumption expenditure may very well exceed income as the individual may be making major purchases related to buying a new home, starting a family, and beginning a career. At this stage in life the individual will borrow from the future to support these expenditure needs. In mid-life however, these expenditure patterns begin to level off and are supported or perhaps exceeded by increases in income.At this stage the individual repays any past borrowings and begins to save for her or his retirement.Upon retirement, consumption expenditure may begin to decline however income usually declines dramatically. In this stage of life, the individual dis-saves or lives off past savings until death.

text: Typically, a person’s MPC (

text: marginal propensity to consume

text: ) is relatively high during young adulthood, decreases during the middle-age years, and increases when the person is near or in retirement.  The Life Cycle Hypothesis(LCH) model defines individual behavior as an attempt to smooth out consumption patterns over one's lifetime somewhat independent of current levels of income. This model states that early in one's life consumption expenditure may very well exceed income as the individual may be making major purchases related to buying a new home, starting a family, and beginning a career. At this stage in life the individual will borrow from the future to support these expenditure needs. In mid-life however, these expenditure patterns begin to level off and are supported or perhaps exceeded by increases in income.At this stage the individual repays any past borrowings and begins to save for her or his retirement.Upon retirement, consumption expenditure may begin to decline however income usually declines dramatically. In this stage of life, the individual dis-saves or lives off past savings until death.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: retirement

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption expenditure may very well exceed income

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: early in one's life consumption expenditure may very well exceed income

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increases in income.At

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increases in income.At

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: retirement.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Life Cycle Hypothesis(LCH)

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: retirement.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: high during young adulthood,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: the individual dis-saves or lives off past savings

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Life Cycle Hypothesis(LCH)

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption expenditure may very well exceed income

text: The sheer size and complexity of megacities gives rise to enormous social and environmental challenges. Whether megacities can develop sustainably depends to a large extent on how they obtain, share, and manage their energy and material resources. There are correlations between electricity consumption, heating and industrial fuel use, ground transportation energy use, water consumption, waste generation, and steel production in terms of level of consumption and how efficiently they use resources.

text: The sheer size and complexity of megacities gives rise to enormous social and environmental challenges. Whether megacities can develop sustainably depends to a large extent on how they obtain, share, and manage their energy and material resources. There are correlations between

text: electricity consumption

text: , heating and industrial fuel use,

text: ground transportation

text: energy use,

text: water consumption

text: waste generation

text: , and

text: steel production

text: in terms of level of consumption and how efficiently they use resources.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: megacities

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste generation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: level of consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: megacities gives rise to enormous social and environmental challenges.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The sheer size and complexity of megacities

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: megacities

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: megacities

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste generation,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: megacities gives rise to enormous social and environmental challenges.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The sheer size and complexity of megacities

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The sheer size and complexity of megacities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: level of consumption and how efficiently they use resources.

text: Some controversy surrounds this ideology, with some citing world overpopulation and the eventual depletion of essential natural resources. However, the notion of overpopulation as a threat is itself a matter of dispute.

text: Some controversy surrounds this ideology, with some citing world

text: overpopulation

text: and the eventual depletion of essential

text: natural resources

text: . However, the notion of overpopulation as a threat is itself a matter of dispute.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: world overpopulation and the eventual depletion of essential natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: world overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: world overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: world overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: depletion of essential natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: world overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: world overpopulation and the eventual depletion of essential natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: world overpopulation and the eventual depletion of essential natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: world overpopulation

text: Free-range animal production requires land for grazing, which in some places has led to land use change. According to FAO, "Ranching-induced deforestation is one of the main causes of loss of some unique plant and animal species in the tropical rainforests of Central and South America as well as carbon release in the atmosphere." This has implications for—among other things—meat consumption in Europe, which imports significant amounts of feed from Brazil.

text: Free-range animal production requires land for grazing, which in some places has led to land use change. According to FAO, "Ranching-induced

text: deforestation

text: is one of the main causes of loss of some unique plant and animal species in the tropical rainforests of Central and South America as well as carbon release in the atmosphere." This has implications for—among other things—meat consumption in Europe, which imports significant amounts of feed from Brazil.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: land use change

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Europe

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon release

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: land use change

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: meat consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: land use change.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: FAO,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Central and South America

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: FAO,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon release in the atmosphere."

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: land use change.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: "Ranching-induced deforestation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: FAO,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: things—meat consumption

text: Based on the suggested intake monotonic functions were applied (by the exception of alcohol intake) in order to score the frequency consumption of these foods. Scores from 0 to 5 or the reverse were assigned in each of the food groups according to their position in the Mediterranean diet pyramid. For the consumption of items presumed to be close to this pattern (i.e. those suggested on a daily basis or more than 3 portions per week; i.e., non-refined cereals, fruits, vegetables, legumes, olive oil, fish and potatoes) scores 0 were assigned when someone reported no consumption and scores 1 to 5 for rare to daily consumption. For the consumption of foods presumed to be away from this diet pattern (i.e. rare or monthly consumption; meat and meat products, poultry and full fat dairy products) scores were assigned on a reverse scale (i.e., from 5 when someone reported no consumption to 0 when they reported almost daily consumption). Especially for alcohol a non-monotonic function was applied, i.e., score 5 for consumption of less than 300 ml of alcohol per day, score 0 for no consumption or for consumption of >700 ml per day and scores 4 to 1 for consumption of 600-700, 500-600, 400-500 and 300-400 ml per day (100 ml have 12 g ethanol concentration). Thus, the score theoretically ranges from 0 to 55, and higher values indicate greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet.

text: Based on the suggested intake

text: monotonic function

text: s were applied (by the exception of alcohol intake) in order to score the frequency consumption of these foods. Scores from 0 to 5 or the reverse were assigned in each of the

text: food group

text: s according to their position in the Mediterranean diet pyramid. For the consumption of items presumed to be close to this pattern (i.e. those suggested on a daily basis or more than 3 portions per week; i.e., non-refined cereals, fruits, vegetables, legumes,

text: olive oil

text: , fish and potatoes) scores 0 were assigned when someone reported no consumption and scores 1 to 5 for rare to daily consumption. For the consumption of foods presumed to be away from this diet pattern (i.e. rare or monthly consumption; meat and meat products, poultry and full fat dairy products) scores were assigned on a reverse scale (i.e., from 5 when someone reported no consumption to 0 when they reported almost daily consumption). Especially for alcohol a non-monotonic function was applied, i.e., score 5 for consumption of less than 300 ml of alcohol per day, score 0 for no consumption or for consumption of >700 ml per day and scores 4 to 1 for consumption of 600-700, 500-600, 400-500 and 300-400 ml per day (100 ml have 12 g

text: ethanol

text: concentration). Thus, the score theoretically ranges from 0 to 55, and higher values indicate greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Mediterranean diet

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Mediterranean diet

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: those suggested on a daily basis

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Mediterranean diet.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 0 to 55,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: meat and meat products, poultry and full fat dairy products)

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 0 to 55,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: ethanol concentration).

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: non-refined cereals,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: alcohol intake) in order to score the frequency consumption of these foods.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Mediterranean diet pyramid.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: more than 3 portions per week;

text: The events of one day in the lives of a number of Cairo residents is a portrayal of unfulfilled dreams and frustrating details of life in the overpopulated Metropolis. Their paths cross and their stories overlap but they are caught up in their struggle and are oblivious to one another against the background of what used to be one of Cairo's most glamorous neighborhoods. The City's vanishing glory and fading history is documented through the characters strife to make it through one day in Heliopolis.... The one thing they all share is the knowledge that they will probably have to confront the City again and again over the following days.Most of the stories taking a place in the suburb of Heliopolis

text: The events of one day in the lives of a number of

text: Cairo

text: residents is a portrayal of unfulfilled dreams and frustrating details of life in the overpopulated Metropolis. Their paths cross and their stories overlap but they are caught up in their struggle and are oblivious to one another against the background of what used to be one of Cairo's most glamorous neighborhoods. The City's vanishing glory and fading history is documented through the characters strife to make it through one day in Heliopolis.... The one thing they all share is the knowledge that they will probably have to confront the City again and again over the following days.Most of the stories taking a place in the suburb of

text: Heliopolis

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Cairo's vanishing glory

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Heliopolis

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: What is the main idea of the passage?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulated Metropolis

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulated Metropolis

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulated Metropolis

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: vanishing glory and fading history

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Heliopolis

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Heliopolis

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Heliopolis

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unfulfilled dreams and frustrating details of life in the overpopulated Metropolis.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Heliopolis

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulated Metropolis.

text: Of the novel's inspiration, Nevill stated that it came from "two great personal terrors: my anxiety about my daughter’s safety in almost every way a parent can imagine; and my ever growing anxiety about the consequences of runaway climate change twinned with overpopulation, but for our near future and not the future of distant generations."

text: Of the novel's inspiration, Nevill stated that it came from "two great personal terrors: my anxiety about my daughter’s safety in almost every way a parent can imagine; and my ever growing anxiety about the consequences of runaway climate change twinned with overpopulation, but for our near future and not the future of distant generations."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: runaway climate change

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: runaway climate change

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: our near future and not the future of distant generations."

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: runaway climate change

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: our near future and not the future of distant generations."

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: runaway climate change twinned with overpopulation,

text: Yet increases in saving will also increase the variability (variance) of future consumption. This in turn gives rise to two conflicting tendencies of income and substitution effects. Higher capital risk makes the consumer less inclined to expose his resources to the possibility of future loss; this imposes a positive substitution effect on consumption (i.e. substitute acquiring capital in the current period with consuming in the future to avoid capital loss in the future due to capital risk). This is met with an opposite force, as higher riskiness makes it necessary to save more in order to protect oneself against very low levels of future consumption. This explains the negative income effect on consumption.

text: Yet increases in saving will also increase the variability (

text: variance

text: ) of future consumption. This in turn gives rise to two conflicting tendencies of income and substitution effects. Higher capital risk makes the consumer less inclined to expose his resources to the possibility of future loss; this imposes a positive

text: substitution effect

text: on consumption (i.e. substitute acquiring capital in the current period with consuming in the future to avoid capital loss in the future due to capital risk). This is met with an opposite force, as higher riskiness makes it necessary to save more in order to protect oneself against very low levels of future consumption. This explains the negative

text: income effect

text: on consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a positive substitution effect

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increase in saving

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: higher riskiness

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: What is the negative income effect on consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increases in saving will also increase the variability (variance) of future consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increases in saving will also increase the variability (variance) of future consumption.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Higher capital risk

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Higher capital risk

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: loss

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increases in saving will also increase the variability (variance) of future consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: higher riskiness

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Higher capital risk

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption.

text: Broken teeth indicate the frequency at which teeth contact bone. Increased teeth-bone contact suggests either increased consumption of carcasses, rapid consumption of prey, or increased aggression over kills – all three of which point to decreased prey availability, heightening competition between predators. Such a competitive environment would favor the faster killing of prey, because if prey is taken away before consumption (such as by out-competing) the energetic cost of capturing that prey is not reimbursed, and, if this occurs often enough in the lifetime of a predator, death by exhaustion or starvation would result. The earliest adaptations improving the speed at which prey was killed are present in the skull and mandible of P. ogygia and of M. aphanistus, and in the cervical vertebrae and forelimb of P. ogygia. They provide further morphological evidence for the importance of speed in the evolution of the saber-toothed phenotype.

text: Broken teeth indicate the frequency at which teeth contact bone. Increased teeth-bone contact suggests either increased consumption of carcasses, rapid consumption of prey, or increased aggression over kills – all three of which point to decreased prey availability, heightening competition between predators. Such a competitive environment would favor the faster killing of prey, because if prey is taken away before consumption (such as by out-competing) the energetic cost of capturing that prey is not reimbursed, and, if this occurs often enough in the lifetime of a predator, death by exhaustion or starvation would result. The earliest adaptations improving the speed at which prey was killed are present in the skull and mandible of P. ogygia and of M. aphanistus, and in the cervical vertebrae and forelimb of P. ogygia. They provide further morphological evidence for the importance of speed in the evolution of the saber-toothed phenotype.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: decreased prey availability

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased aggression over kills

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: decreased prey availability, heightening competition between predators.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Broken teeth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Broken teeth

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Broken teeth

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Broken teeth

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: decreased prey availability,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: exhaustion or starvation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Broken teeth

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: decreased prey availability,

text: Some believe that cluttering behavior can be symptomatic of deeper issues. Problem clutterers are more likely to have depression, mania, OCD or ADHD. Any of these disorders can be co-morbid with compulsive hoarding. Others attribute cluttering to the human desire to hunt and gather, while still others describe it as a consequence of over-consumption. Some members of CLA describe the inability to let go of objects as a consequence of spiritual emptiness.

text: Some believe that cluttering behavior can be symptomatic of deeper issues. Problem clutterers are more likely to have

text: depression

text: mania

text: OCD

text: or

entity_name: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

text: ADHD

text: . Any of these disorders can be co-morbid with

text: compulsive hoarding

text: . Others attribute cluttering to the human desire to hunt and gather, while still others describe it as a consequence of over-

text: consumption

text: . Some members of CLA describe the inability to let go of objects as a consequence of

text: spiritual

text: emptiness.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Cluttering

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the human desire to hunt and gather

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: depression, mania, OCD or ADHD.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Some believe that cluttering behavior can be symptomatic of deeper issues.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Some believe that cluttering behavior can be symptomatic of deeper issues.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: cluttering behavior can be symptomatic of deeper issues.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: cluttering

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: cluttering to the human desire to hunt and gather,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: cluttering behavior can be symptomatic of deeper issues.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: cluttering to the human desire to hunt and gather,

text: Ecometrics can evaluate the impacts of tool libraries, where the communal use of libraries allows consumers to use collective resources instead of purchasing resources independently. This scales the impacts of the resource, or in this case the tool while still providing the same value to independent consumers. Whereas the actual value of the product is diluted in a conventional system by way that it is limitedly used for its given cost, the value of a product can be fully exploited by being used multiple times in a conscious system where the impacts of consumption are reduced by the amount of tools within the system. For the following, only generalized formulas will be used.

text: Ecometrics can evaluate the impacts of tool libraries, where the communal use of libraries allows consumers to use collective resources instead of purchasing resources independently. This scales the impacts of the resource, or in this case the tool while still providing the same value to independent consumers. Whereas the actual value of the product is diluted in a conventional system by way that it is limitedly used for its given cost, the value of a product can be fully exploited by being used multiple times in a conscious system where the impacts of consumption are reduced by the amount of tools within the system. For the following, only generalized formulas will be used.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: purchasing resources independently

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: tool libraries,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Ecometrics can evaluate the impacts of tool libraries,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ecometrics

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Ecometrics can evaluate the impacts of tool libraries,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Ecometrics can evaluate the impacts of tool libraries,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Ecometrics

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: limitedly used for its given cost,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Ecometrics can evaluate the impacts of tool libraries,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumers to use collective resources instead of purchasing resources independently.

text: When active, juveniles feed primarily on zooplankton such as mysid shrimp, euphausiids, mesopelagic and benthopelagic fish, amphipods, and other crustaceans; mature adults consume smaller fish, predominantly of the Chaetodontidae and Myctophidae families, and squid which make up to 20% of their diet. The diet of the orange roughy is depth-related, with adult diets inversely related to that of juveniles. For example, juvenile consumption of crustaceans is lowest at  but increases with depth while crustaceans in the adult diet peaks at  and decreases with depth. The consumption of fish is the opposite, juvenile consumption decreases with depth while adult consumption increases. This inverse feeding pattern may be an example of resource-partitioning to avoid intraspecific competition for the available food at depths where prey is less abundant.  The orange roughy's metabolic phases are thought to be related to seasonal variations in prey concentrations. The inactive phase conserves energy during lean periods.  Orange roughy can live up to 149 years.

text: When active, juveniles feed primarily on

text: zooplankton

text: such as

text: mysid

text: shrimp

text: euphausiid

text: s, mesopelagic and benthopelagic fish,

text: amphipod

text: s, and other

text: crustacean

text: s; mature adults consume smaller fish, predominantly of the

text: Chaetodontidae

text: and

text: Myctophidae

text: families, and

text: squid

text: which make up to 20% of their diet. The diet of the orange roughy is depth-related, with adult diets inversely related to that of juveniles. For example, juvenile consumption of crustaceans is lowest at  but increases with depth while crustaceans in the adult diet peaks at  and decreases with depth. The consumption of fish is the opposite, juvenile consumption decreases with depth while adult consumption increases. This inverse feeding pattern may be an example of

text: resource-partitioning

text: to avoid

text: intraspecific competition

text: for the available food at depths where prey is less abundant.  The orange roughy's metabolic phases are thought to be related to seasonal variations in prey concentrations. The inactive phase conserves energy during lean periods.  Orange roughy can live up to 149 years.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Orange roughy

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: adult consumption increases

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: orange roughy

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 149 years.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: orange roughy

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 149 years.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: orange roughy

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: orange roughy

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: prey is less abundant.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: orange roughy is depth-related,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: juvenile consumption decreases with depth while adult consumption increases.

text: The storm water component contributes pollutants to CSO; but a major faction of pollution is the first foul flush of accumulated biofilm and sanitary solids scoured from the dry weather wetted perimeter of combined sewers during peak flow turbulence. Each storm is different in the quantity and type of pollutants it contributes. For example, storms that occur in late summer, when it has not rained for a while, have the most pollutants. Pollutants like oil, grease, fecal coliform from pet and wildlife waste, and pesticides get flushed into the sewer system. In cold weather areas, pollutants from cars, people and animals also accumulate on hard surfaces and grass during the winter and then are flushed into the sewer systems during heavy spring rains.

text: The storm water component contributes pollutants to CSO; but a major faction of pollution is the

text: first foul flush

text: of accumulated

text: biofilm

text: and sanitary solids scoured from the dry weather

text: wetted perimeter

text: of combined sewers during peak flow

text: turbulence

text: . Each storm is different in the quantity and type of pollutants it contributes. For example, storms that occur in late summer, when it has not rained for a while, have the most pollutants. Pollutants like oil, grease,

text: fecal coliform

text: from pet and wildlife waste, and

text: pesticide

text: s get flushed into the sewer system. In cold weather areas, pollutants from cars, people and animals also accumulate on hard surfaces and grass during the winter and then are flushed into the sewer systems during heavy spring rains.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: cold weather areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pesticides

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: polluting

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The storm water component contributes pollutants to CSO;

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: cold weather areas,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The storm water component contributes pollutants to CSO;

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: oil, grease,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pesticides

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: peak flow turbulence.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The storm water component contributes pollutants to CSO;

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution

text: Measuring a country’s GHG emissions is critical to combat climate change. It is clear that production-based emissions accounting, the currently favoured method for policy-making, significantly underestimates the level of GHG emitted by excluding emissions embodied in international trade. Implementing consumption-based accounting which includes such emissions, developed countries take a greater share of GHG emissions and consequently the low level of emissions commitments for developing countries are not as important. Not only does consumption-based accounting encompass global emissions, it promotes good environmental behaviour and increases participation by reducing competitiveness.

text: Measuring a country’s GHG emissions is critical to combat climate change. It is clear that production-based emissions accounting, the currently favoured method for policy-making, significantly underestimates the level of GHG emitted by excluding emissions embodied in international trade. Implementing consumption-based accounting which includes such emissions, developed countries take a greater share of GHG emissions and consequently the low level of emissions commitments for developing countries are not as important. Not only does consumption-based accounting encompass global emissions, it promotes good environmental behaviour and increases participation by reducing competitiveness.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing countries

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: GHG emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: GHG emissions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: GHG emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption-based accounting which includes such emissions

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: low level of emissions commitments for developing countries are not as important.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Measuring a country’s GHG emissions

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing countries

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Measuring a country’s GHG emissions

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: GHG emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: production-based emissions accounting,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: competitiveness.

text: In 2012, total food consumption was over 26 million metric tonnes, a 94.8% increase from 2003.{

text: In 2012, total food consumption was over 26 million metric tonnes, a 94.8% increase from 2003.{

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: total food consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: it does not say

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: total food consumption was over 26 million metric tonnes,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 94.8% increase from 2003.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 2012,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In 2012,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: total food consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: food consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 94.8% increase from 2003.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 94.8%

text: In the 19th century, consumption was a common word for tuberculosis. At the time consumptive patients were turned away from other hospitals as there was no known cure. Hospitals that dealt with such diseases later came to be known as sanatoria. The prospectus for the Hospital stated that for the last 6 months of 1837 out of 148,701 deaths from all causes, 27,754 were from consumption.

text: In the 19th century, consumption was a common word for

text: tuberculosis

text: . At the time consumptive patients were turned away from other hospitals as there was no known cure. Hospitals that dealt with such diseases later came to be known as

text: sanatoria

text: . The prospectus for the Hospital stated that for the last 6 months of 1837 out of 148,701 deaths from all causes, 27,754 were from consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sanatoria.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In the 19th century,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: consumption was a common word for tuberculosis.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 27,754

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption was a common word for tuberculosis.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption was a common word for tuberculosis.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: tuberculosis.

text: Compulsive overeating, or emotional eating, is "the tendency to eat in response to negative emotions". Empirical studies have indicated that anxiety leads to decreased food consumption in people with normal weight and increased food consumption in the obese.

text: Compulsive overeating, or emotional eating, is "the tendency to eat in response to negative emotions". Empirical studies have indicated that anxiety leads to decreased food consumption in people with normal weight and increased food consumption in the obese.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the obese

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: compulsive

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: obese.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Compulsive overeating,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: obese.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Compulsive overeating,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Compulsive overeating,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Compulsive overeating,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Compulsive overeating,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Compulsive overeating,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "the tendency to eat in response to negative emotions".

text: This term may also be used to refer to specific episodes of over-consumption.  For example, many people overeat during festivals or while on holiday.

text: This term may also be used to refer to specific episodes of over-consumption.  For example, many people overeat during festivals or while on holiday.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over-consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: over-consumption.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: over-consumption.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: over-consumption.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: over-consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over-consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: over-consumption.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: specific episodes of over-consumption.

text: Reducing the amount of waste produced is by far the most effective way to battle the flow of garbage into the landfill.  Reduce because what is not produced cannot pollute. Reducing consumption saves money and reduces pollution. There are many opportunities to reduce the amount of waste generated simply by changing individual habits and office procedures.

text: Reducing

text: the amount of waste produced is by far the most effective way to battle the flow of

text: garbage

text: into the

text: landfill

text: .  Reduce because what is not produced cannot pollute. Reducing consumption saves money and reduces pollution. There are many opportunities to reduce the amount of waste generated simply by changing individual habits and office procedures.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reducing waste

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: garbage

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the amount of waste

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what is not produced cannot pollute

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: what is not produced

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reduces pollution.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Reducing the amount of waste

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Reducing the amount of waste produced

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Reducing the amount of waste

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: garbage

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: what is not produced cannot pollute.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: garbage into the landfill.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Reducing the amount of waste

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: garbage into the landfill. Reduce because what is not produced cannot pollute.

text: Deforestation has occurred for two reasons: (a) the storms, which have uprooted whole forests; and, (b) the timber industry's limitless destruction of primeval forests all over the world, including the tropical rainforest. On top of it all, modern science has invented many artificial ways to prolong human life (for example, there are TV ads for organ transplants), and longevity among humans is now a fact with life expectancy having climbed to over the 100-year mark. Consequently, the world is massively overpopulated. In the U.S.A., what used to be unspoiled nature is now residential areas, with condominiums having sprung up everywhere. Inside these condos, people who do not care about the environment live their lives in front of their computers and televisions.

text: Deforestation

text: has occurred for two reasons: (a) the storms, which have uprooted whole forests; and, (b) the timber industry's limitless destruction of primeval forests all over the world, including the tropical rainforest. On top of it all, modern science has invented many artificial ways to prolong human life (for example, there are TV ads for organ transplants), and

text: longevity

text: among humans is now a fact with

text: life expectancy

text: having climbed to over the 100-year mark. Consequently, the world is massively overpopulated. In the U.S.A., what used to be unspoiled nature is now residential areas, with condominiums having sprung up everywhere. Inside these condos, people who do not care about the environment live their lives in front of their computers and televisions.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the world is massively overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: U.S.A.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the world is massively overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the world is massively overpopulated.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: modern science has invented many artificial ways to prolong human life

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: U.S.A.,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: massively overpopulated.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the world is massively overpopulated.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Deforestation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: modern science has invented many artificial ways to prolong human life

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the world is massively overpopulated.

text: Reading Revolution is a perceived increase in the amount of books read by ordinary individuals which has had revolutionary consequences.

text: Reading Revolution is a perceived increase in the amount of books read by ordinary individuals which has had revolutionary consequences.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no revolution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Reading Revolution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Reading Revolution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Reading Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Reading Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Reading Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Reading Revolution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Reading Revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Reading Revolution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Reading Revolution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increase in the amount of books read by ordinary individuals

text: Resource productivity and resource intensity are  key concepts used in sustainability measurement as they measure attempts to decouple the connection between resource use and environmental degradation. Their strength is that they can be used as a metric for both economic and environmental cost. Although these concepts are two sides of the same coin, in practice they involve very different approaches and can be viewed as reflecting, on the one hand, the efficiency of resource production as outcome per unit of resource use (resource productivity) and, on the other hand, the efficiency of resource consumption as resource use per unit outcome (resource intensity). The sustainability objective is to maximize resource productivity while minimizing resource intensity.

text: Resource productivity

text: and resource intensity are  key concepts used in

text: sustainability measurement

text: as they measure attempts to decouple the connection between resource use and

text: environmental degradation

text: . Their strength is that they can be used as a metric for both economic and environmental cost. Although these concepts are two sides of the same coin, in practice they involve very different approaches and can be viewed as reflecting, on the one hand, the efficiency of resource production as outcome per unit of resource use (resource productivity) and, on the other hand, the efficiency of resource consumption as resource use per unit outcome (resource intensity). The sustainability objective is to maximize resource productivity while minimizing resource intensity.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: not enough information

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: resource intensity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental degradation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Resource productivity

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Resource productivity

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Resource productivity and resource intensity are key concepts used in sustainability measurement

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental degradation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: environmental degradation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: resource use and environmental degradation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Resource productivity

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: environmental degradation.

text: In the late 19th century, with The Theory of the Leisure Class: An Economic Study in the Evolution of Institutions (1899), Thorstein Veblen introduced the concepts of “conspicuous consumption” and of “conspicuous leisure” to the nascent, academic discipline of sociology. Conspicuous consumption is the application of money and material resources towards the display of a higher social-status (e.g. silver flatware, custom-made clothes, an over-sized house); and conspicuous leisure is the application of extended time to the pursuit of pleasure (physical and intellectual), such as sport and the fine arts. Therefore, such physical and intellectual pursuits display the freedom of the rich man and woman from having to work in an economically productive occupation.

text: In the late 19th century, with The Theory of the Leisure Class: An Economic Study in the Evolution of Institutions (1899), Thorstein Veblen introduced the concepts of “conspicuous consumption” and of “conspicuous leisure” to the nascent, academic discipline of

text: sociology

text: Conspicuous consumption

text: is the application of money and material resources towards the display of a higher social-status (e.g. silver flatware, custom-made clothes, an over-sized house); and

text: conspicuous leisure

text: is the application of extended time to the pursuit of pleasure (physical and intellectual), such as sport and the

text: fine art

text: s. Therefore, such physical and

text: intellectual

text: pursuits display the freedom of the rich man and woman from having to work in an economically productive occupation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Conspicuous consumption is the application of money and material resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: rich man and woman from having to work in an economically productive occupation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Evolution of Institutions

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: rich

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In the late 19th century,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Evolution of Institutions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economically productive occupation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: “conspicuous consumption”

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Conspicuous consumption is the application of money and material resources

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: display of a higher social-status

text: Salt consumption has been intensely studied for its role in human physiology and impact on human health. In particular, excessive dietary salt consumption over an extended period of time has been associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease, in addition to other adverse health effects.

text: Salt

text: consumption has been intensely studied for its role in human physiology and impact on human health. In particular, excessive dietary salt consumption over an extended period of time has been associated with

text: hypertension

text: and

text: cardiovascular disease

text: , in addition to other

text: adverse health effects

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: salt

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive dietary salt consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: hypertension and cardiovascular disease,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Salt consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Salt consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Salt consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Salt consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Salt consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: excessive dietary salt consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Salt consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: dietary salt consumption over an extended period of time

text: Because of mandatory veterinary controls in slaughterhouses, large trichinellosis outbreaks due to horse meat consumption are rare, but cases in hunters and their families after raw or rare wild boar meat consumption are regularly reported, with over 100 cases since 1975.

text: Because of mandatory veterinary controls in

text: slaughterhouse

text: s, large trichinellosis outbreaks due to horse meat consumption are rare, but cases in hunters and their families after raw or rare wild boar meat consumption are regularly reported, with over 100 cases since 1975.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no answer

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Trichinellosis

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: trichinellosis

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating too much meat

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: mandatory veterinary controls in slaughterhouses,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Because of mandatory veterinary controls in slaughterhouses,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: hunters and their families

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Because of mandatory veterinary controls in slaughterhouses,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: trichinellosis

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: large trichinellosis outbreaks due to horse meat consumption are rare,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: mandatory veterinary controls in slaughterhouses,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Because of mandatory veterinary controls in slaughterhouses,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: trichinellosis outbreaks due to horse meat

text: Overgrazing typically increases soil erosion.  Reduction in soil depth, soil organic matter and soil fertility impair the land's future natural and agricultural productivity.  Soil fertility can sometimes be mitigated by applying the appropriate lime and organic fertilizers. However, the loss of soil depth and organic matter takes centuries to correct. Their loss is critical in determining the soil's water-holding capacity and how well pasture plants do during dry weather.

text: Overgrazing typically increases

text: soil erosion

text: .  Reduction in soil depth, soil organic matter and soil fertility impair the land's future natural and agricultural productivity.  Soil fertility can sometimes be mitigated by applying the appropriate lime and

text: organic fertilizer

text: s. However, the loss of soil depth and organic matter takes centuries to correct. Their loss is critical in determining the soil's water-holding capacity and how well pasture plants do during dry weather.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overgrazing

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: soil erosion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: soil erosion

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overgrazing

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: agricultural productivity.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overgrazing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overgrazing

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overgrazing

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: soil erosion.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: productivity.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overgrazing

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Overgrazing

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overgrazing

text: There are five versions of this engine: a , a  (used in the Fiat Punto, Panda, Palio, Albea, Idea; Opel Corsa, Combo, Meriva; Suzuki Ritz, Swift, SX4; and Tata Indica Vista), a variable inlet geometry  (used in the Fiat Grande Punto, Linea; Opel Corsa, Astra; Suzuki Ertiga; Tata Indigo Manza and Alfa Romeo MiTo), a  from the Multijet II generation, and a  available on the Lancia Ypsilon. At the time of the launch this was the smallest four-cylinder diesel engine available and had a fuel consumption of  in some applications. The engine is able to meet Euro IV pollution standards without the use of a diesel particulate filter.

text: There are five versions of this engine: a , a  (used in the

text: Fiat Punto

text: Panda

text: Palio

text: Albea

text: Idea

text: Opel Corsa

text: Combo

text: Meriva

text: Suzuki Ritz

text: Swift

text: ; and

text: Tata Indica Vista

text: ), a variable inlet geometry  (used in the

text: Fiat Grande Punto

text: Linea

text: Opel Corsa

text: Astra

text: Suzuki Ertiga

text: Tata Indigo Manza

text: and

text: Alfa Romeo MiTo

text: ), a  from the Multijet II generation, and a  available on the

text: Lancia Ypsilon

text: . At the time of the launch this was the smallest four-cylinder diesel engine available and had a fuel consumption of  in some applications. The engine is able to meet

text: Euro IV

text: pollution standards without the use of a

text: diesel particulate filter

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: particulate

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: diesel particulate filter

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Euro IV pollution standards without the use of a diesel particulate filter.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Opel Corsa, Combo, Meriva;

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Tata Indigo Manza

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Opel Corsa, Combo, Meriva;

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: diesel particulate

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: diesel particulate filter.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: diesel particulate filter.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Opel Corsa, Combo, Meriva;

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: in some applications.

text: Second, economic incentives, fees and taxes are increasingly used, to influence (economic) decision-making of polluters. Particularly, discharge fees (related to the amount of pollution or the amount of pollution in excess of standards) are common. In 2007 environmental authorities received around 174 billion RMB waste discharge fees, and this amount has been increasing over the past five years with 20–30% annually. Between 2000 and 2008, the average wastewater treatment charge per m3 in the 36 largest cities increased with almost 300%. (China Statistical Yearbook on Environment, various editions). Fees are higher in heavily polluted and economically developed areas but many small and rural industries still managed to escape payment owing to lack of enforcement. In addition to these fees, a growing number of pilot projects on payments for environmental services can be witnessed, where resource consumers are financially compensated for less resource use (or less pollution).

text: Second,

text: economic incentive

text: s, fees and taxes are increasingly used, to influence (economic) decision-making of polluters. Particularly, discharge fees (related to the amount of pollution or the amount of pollution in excess of standards) are common. In 2007 environmental authorities received around 174 billion RMB waste discharge fees, and this amount has been increasing over the past five years with 20–30% annually. Between 2000 and 2008, the average

text: wastewater treatment

text: charge per m3 in the 36 largest cities increased with almost 300%. (China Statistical Yearbook on Environment, various editions). Fees are higher in heavily polluted and economically developed areas but many small and rural industries still managed to escape payment owing to lack of enforcement. In addition to these fees, a growing number of pilot projects on payments for environmental services can be witnessed, where resource consumers are financially compensated for less resource use (or less pollution).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a growing number of pilot projects

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: heavily polluted

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution in excess of standards

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a growing number of pilot projects on payments for environmental services

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: a growing number of pilot projects on payments for environmental services

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: heavily polluted and economically developed areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: discharge fees

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: polluters.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: polluters.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: economic incentives, fees and taxes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: resource consumers are financially compensated for less resource use

text: Since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, the sale and consumption of alcohol is banned in Iran.

text: Since the

text: 1979 Islamic Revolution

text: , the sale and consumption of alcohol is banned in Iran.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: alcohol being banned

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Iran

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the sale and consumption of alcohol is banned in Iran.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1979 Islamic Revolution, the sale and consumption of alcohol is banned in Iran.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Iran.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1979 Islamic Revolution, the sale and consumption of alcohol is banned in Iran.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the sale and consumption of alcohol is banned in Iran.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: the sale and consumption of alcohol

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol

text: Most arguments which demonstrate market efficiency assume that individuals care about only their own consumption and not others' consumption and therefore do not consider the situations that give rise to Sen's paradox.  In fact, this shows a strong relationship between Sen's paradox and the well known result that markets fail to produce Pareto outcomes in the presence of externalities.  Externalities arise when the choices of one party affect another.  Classic examples of externalities include pollution or over fishing. Because of their nosy preferences, Alice's choice imposes a negative externality on Bob and vice versa.

text: Most arguments which demonstrate market efficiency assume that individuals care about only their own consumption and not others' consumption and therefore do not consider the situations that give rise to Sen's paradox.  In fact, this shows a strong relationship between Sen's paradox and the well known result that

text: markets fail

text: to produce Pareto outcomes in the presence of

text: externalities

text: .  Externalities arise when the choices of one party affect another.  Classic examples of externalities include

text: pollution

text: or

text: over fishing

text: . Because of their nosy preferences, Alice's choice imposes a negative externality on Bob and vice versa.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sen's paradox

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: externalities

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agriculture brought about the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: individuals care about only their own consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Most arguments which demonstrate market efficiency

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Alice's choice imposes a negative externality on Bob

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pollution or over fishing.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: market efficiency

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution or over fishing.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: externalities.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: their own consumption

text: The baci is the national folk ritual of Laos and the Lao Loum.  The animist ceremony is part of satsana phi, and is used for all major social and life events. The Lao believe the soul has 32 components which can become imbalanced. The baci reinforces the soul and the community, and involves all the gathered into making prayers and well-wishes symbolized by silk or cotton threads which are tied around the wrists.

text: The

text: baci

text: is the national folk ritual of Laos and the

text: Lao Loum

text: .  The

text: animist

text: ceremony is part of

text: satsana phi

text: , and is used for all major social and life events. The Lao believe the soul has 32 components which can become imbalanced. The

text: baci

text: reinforces the soul and the community, and involves all the gathered into making prayers and well-wishes symbolized by silk or cotton threads which are tied around the wrists.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Laos

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Laos

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalanced

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The Lao believe the soul has 32 components which can become imbalanced.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: phi,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Laos and the Lao Loum.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: phi,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: phi,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Laos and the Lao Loum.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalanced.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: satsana phi,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalanced.

text: Research has shown that the consumption of artificial sweeteners weakens the association of sweet taste as a food cue with post-ingestive caloric sensory. In turn, this leads to the over-consumption of high-calorie sweet tasting foods when eaten in a diet alongside artificial sweeteners. Which in turn causes weight gain

text: Research has shown that the consumption of artificial sweeteners weakens the association of sweet taste as a food cue with post-ingestive caloric sensory. In turn, this leads to the over-consumption of high-calorie sweet tasting foods when eaten in a diet alongside artificial sweeteners. Which in turn causes weight gain

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: artificial sweeteners

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: artificial sweeteners

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: artificial sweeteners

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: artificial sweeteners

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high-calorie sweet tasting foods

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: weight gain

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Research has shown that the consumption of artificial sweeteners

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Research has shown that the consumption of artificial sweeteners

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Research has shown that the consumption of artificial sweeteners

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: weight gain

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Research has shown that the consumption of artificial sweeteners

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption of artificial sweeteners

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: artificial sweeteners

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high-calorie sweet tasting foods

text: In 1965 legislature passed the Racial Imbalance Act. This law defined a racially imbalanced school as one with over 50 percent non-white students, and stated that any imbalanced school system could lose state funds.

text: In 1965 legislature passed the Racial Imbalance Act. This law defined a racially imbalanced school as one with over 50 percent non-white students, and stated that any imbalanced school system could lose state funds.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Racial Imbalance Act

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unincorporated areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the Racial Imbalance Act

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalanced school systems

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Racial Imbalance Act.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Racial Imbalance Act.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Racial Imbalance Act.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Racial Imbalance Act.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Racial Imbalance Act.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Racial Imbalance Act.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Racial Imbalance Act.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Racial Imbalance Act.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over 50 percent non-white students,

text: Robert H. Frank cites an experiment that shows people choose a world in which they own a larger home than everyone else, over having larger homes for everyone yet a smaller home than his neighbors.  Frank concludes that people will give up absolute consumption in order to obtain a better relative position.  Expenditure cascades are triggered by consumption, especially conspicuous consumption.  The consumption by the wealthy triggers increased spending in the class directly below them, and the chain continues down to the bottom of the income ladder.  This is a dangerous reaction for those at the bottom who have little disposable income originally, and even less after they attempt to keep up with others' spending habits.

text: Robert H. Frank

text: cites an experiment that shows people choose a world in which they own a larger home than everyone else, over having larger homes for everyone yet a smaller home than his neighbors.  Frank concludes that people will give up absolute consumption in order to obtain a better relative position.  Expenditure cascades are triggered by

text: consumption

text: , especially

text: conspicuous consumption

text: .  The consumption by the wealthy triggers increased spending in the class directly below them, and the chain continues down to the bottom of the income ladder.  This is a dangerous reaction for those at the bottom who have little disposable income originally, and even less after they attempt to keep up with others' spending habits.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the poorest

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption, especially conspicuous consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: conspicuous consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: they own a larger home than everyone else,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: people will give up absolute consumption in order to obtain a better relative position.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: wealthy

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Robert H. Frank

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Expenditure cascades

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Expenditure cascades

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption, especially conspicuous consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: people choose a world in which they own a larger home

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: conspicuous consumption.

text: Under wind, atmospheric pollutants move in a north and northeasterly direction, and in times of low winds or moderate winds, are more evenly distributed over the city. The most polluting industrial processes in the city are ammonium sulfate, cement, plaster and paper pulp. The emission of gases from motor vehicle traffic is more critical in the central district, where much of the business is. The main source of air pollution is from the vehicles at 34% and then industry with 18%. The pollutants emitted by vehicles are carbon monoxide (89.12%), sulfur dioxide (0.23%), hydrocarbons (6.46%), oxides of nitrogen (3.82%) and other particles (0. 37%). To help remedy this problem, several state enterprises and private sector have supported a project to convert liquid fuel vehicles to natural gas. Furthermore, the city has installed more than 12 service stations catering to natural gas vehicles. Barranquilla is the fourth biggest atmospheric polluter from industry. According to research conducted by the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies of Colombia (IDEAM), monthly concentrations in Barranquilla of particulate matter smaller than 160 micrograms per cubic meter exceeds the highest international standard allowed of 70. The causes of this problem lie heavily on the poor quality of petrol and diesel used by vehicles of the city, with record levels of 5,000 ppm (parts per million sulfur) and 4,500 ppm respectively, when there are countries whose rates do not even exceed 50.

text: Under wind, atmospheric pollutants move in a north and northeasterly direction, and in times of low winds or moderate winds, are more evenly distributed over the city. The most polluting industrial processes in the city are

text: ammonium sulfate

text: , cement,

text: plaster

text: and paper pulp. The emission of gases from motor vehicle traffic is more critical in the central district, where much of the business is. The main source of air pollution is from the vehicles at 34% and then industry with 18%. The pollutants emitted by vehicles are

text: carbon monoxide

text: sulfur dioxide

text: hydrocarbon

text: s (6.46%), oxides of

text: nitrogen

text: (3.82%) and other particles (0. 37%). To help remedy this problem, several state enterprises and private sector have supported a project to convert liquid fuel vehicles to natural gas. Furthermore, the city has installed more than 12 service stations catering to natural gas vehicles. Barranquilla is the fourth biggest atmospheric polluter from industry. According to research conducted by the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies of Colombia (IDEAM), monthly concentrations in Barranquilla of particulate matter smaller than 160 micrograms per cubic meter exceeds the highest international standard allowed of 70. The causes of this problem lie heavily on the poor quality of petrol and diesel used by vehicles of the city, with record levels of 5,000 ppm (parts per million sulfur) and 4,500 ppm respectively, when there are countries whose rates do not even exceed 50.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The main source of air pollution is from the vehicles

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Barranquilla

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: poor quality of petrol

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: convert liquid fuel vehicles to natural gas.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 50.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Barranquilla

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 50.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: vehicles at 34% and then industry with 18%.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: poor quality of petrol and diesel used by vehicles

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: vehicles at 34% and then industry with 18%.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: poor quality of petrol and diesel used by vehicles

text: In the 1960s, the slum area of Agbogbloshie was a wetland. As the city of Accra urbanized, a ghetto grew, referred to as Old Fadama or Ayaalolo. During the 1980s, the ghetto was a place of shelter for refugees from the Konkomba-Nanumba war. In the late 1990s, electricity from the Akosombo Dam led to demand for electric and electronic appliance consumption.  Critics claim that this caused an imbalanced shift. As electricity from the Odaw dam increased, demand for functional second-hand televisions, and computers, were imported by Africa's Tech Sector, from the West, to help ‘bridge the digital divide’. Ghanaians welcomed these donations, because these computers cost 1/10th of a new one.  Basel Action Network circulated a claim in 2008 that as much as 75 percent of these second hand electronics sent to Africa could not be reused and end up in landfills.  The BAN allegation was slightly different from its 2002 claim of 80% waste (Exporting Harm, 2002) which became one of the most  cited references in academic journals, though no documentation or peer reviewed source documentation has been made available.  "Mapping E-waste as a Controversy: From Statements to Debates II."  BAN denied ever making the claim, or ever stating any statistic for African imports, in 2013.

text: In the 1960s, the slum area of Agbogbloshie was a wetland. As the city of Accra urbanized, a ghetto grew, referred to as Old Fadama or Ayaalolo. During the 1980s, the ghetto was a place of shelter for refugees from the

text: Konkomba-Nanumba war

text: . In the late 1990s, electricity from the

text: Akosombo Dam

text: led to demand for electric and electronic appliance consumption.  Critics claim that this caused an imbalanced shift. As electricity from the Odaw dam increased, demand for functional second-hand televisions, and computers, were imported by Africa's Tech Sector, from the West, to help ‘bridge the digital divide’. Ghanaians welcomed these donations, because these computers cost 1/10th of a new one.  Basel Action Network circulated a claim in 2008 that as much as 75 percent of these second hand electronics sent to Africa could not be reused and end up in landfills.  The BAN allegation was slightly different from its 2002 claim of 80% waste (Exporting Harm, 2002) which became one of the most  cited references in academic journals, though no documentation or peer reviewed source documentation has been made available.  "Mapping E-waste as a Controversy: From Statements to Debates II."  BAN denied ever making the claim, or ever stating any statistic for African imports, in 2013.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Agbogbloshie

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: How many million people do not have enough clean water for drinking?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unbalanced shift

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: imbalanced shift.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2013.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Agbogbloshie

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 2013.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: E-waste

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: demand for electric and electronic appliance consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: electricity from the Akosombo Dam

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: electric and electronic appliance consumption.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalanced shift.

text: If we consider two consumption paths, each with the same trend and the same initial level of consumption – and as a result same level of consumption per period on average – but with different levels of volatility, then, according to economic theory, the less volatile consumption path will be preferred to the more volatile one. This is due to Risk aversion on part of individual agents. One way to calculate how costly this greater volatility is in terms of individual (or, under some restrictive conditions, social) welfare is to ask what percentage of her annual average consumption would an individual be willing to sacrifice in order to eliminate this volatility entirely. Another way to express this is by asking how much an individual with a smooth consumption path would have to be compensated in terms of average consumption in order to accept the volatile path instead of the one without the volatility. The resulting amount of compensation, expressed as a percentage of average annual consumption, is the cost of the fluctuations calculated by Lucas. It is a function of people's degree of risk aversion and of the magnitude of the fluctuations which are to be eliminated, as measured by the standard deviation of the natural log of consumption.

text: If we consider two consumption paths, each with the same

text: trend

text: and the same initial level of consumption – and as a result same level of consumption per period

text: on average

text: – but with different levels of

text: volatility

text: , then, according to economic theory, the less volatile consumption path will be preferred to the more volatile one. This is due to

text: Risk aversion

text: on part of individual agents. One way to calculate how costly this greater volatility is in terms of

text: individual

text: (or, under some restrictive conditions, social)

text: welfare

text: is to ask what percentage of her annual average consumption would an individual be

text: willing to sacrifice

text: in order to eliminate this volatility entirely. Another way to express this is by asking how much an individual with a

text: smooth consumption

text: path would have to be compensated in terms of average consumption in order to accept the volatile path instead of the one without the volatility. The resulting amount of compensation, expressed as a percentage of average annual consumption, is the cost of the fluctuations calculated by Lucas. It is a function of people's degree of risk aversion and of the magnitude of the fluctuations which are to be eliminated, as measured by the

text: standard deviation

text: of the

text: natural log

text: of consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the less volatile consumption path will be preferred to the more volatile one.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: If we consider two consumption paths,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: If we consider two consumption paths,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: If we consider two consumption paths,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: cost of the fluctuations

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Risk aversion

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Risk aversion

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the less volatile consumption path will be preferred to the more volatile one.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption

text: The city suffers from problems related to overpopulation, such as waste management, high levels of air pollution and significant noise pollution. Over the last decades, air pollution has become a pressing concern as the number of cars has increased. These are mostly 1990s and early 2000s diesel cars, while it is widely believed that the fuel used in Albania contains larger amounts of sulfur and lead than in the European Union. Another source of pollution are PM10 and PM2.5 inhaled particulate matter and NO2 gases resulting from rapid growth in the construction of new buildings and expanding road infrastructure. Untreated solid waste is present in the city and outskirts. Additionally, there have been complaints of excessive noise pollution. Despite the problems, the Big Park at the Tirana Artificial Lake has some effect on absorbing CO emissions, while over 2 000 trees have been planted around sidewalks. The work of four new parks began in the summer of 2015 located in: Kashar, Farke, Vaqarr, and Dajt. these parks are part of the new urban planning striving to increase the concentration of green spaces in the capital.

text: The city suffers from problems related to

text: overpopulation

text: , such as

text: waste management

text: , high levels of

text: air pollution

text: and significant

text: noise pollution

text: . Over the last decades, air pollution has become a pressing concern as the number of cars has increased. These are mostly 1990s and early 2000s

text: diesel

text: cars, while it is widely believed that the

text: fuel

text: used in Albania contains larger amounts of

text: sulfur

text: and

text: lead

text: than in the

text: European Union

text: . Another source of pollution are PM10 and PM2.5

text: inhaled particulate matter

text: and

text: gases resulting from rapid growth in the construction of new buildings and expanding road infrastructure. Untreated

text: solid waste

text: is present in the city and outskirts. Additionally, there have been complaints of excessive

text: noise pollution

text: . Despite the problems, the Big Park at the Tirana Artificial Lake has some effect on absorbing CO emissions, while over 2 000 trees have been planted around sidewalks. The work of four new parks began in the summer of 2015 located in: Kashar, Farke, Vaqarr, and Dajt. these parks are part of the new urban planning striving to increase the concentration of green spaces in the capital.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Albania

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increase the concentration of green spaces

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2015

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Kashar, Farke, Vaqarr, and Dajt.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Tirana Artificial Lake

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over 2 000 trees have been planted around sidewalks.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rapid growth in the construction of new buildings and expanding road infrastructure.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Big Park at the Tirana Artificial Lake

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: We now consider the situation where population is stationary but average income earned at each age, and hence, aggregate income rises continuously over time due to increasing productivity. This also tends to lead to a positive rate of saving and a growing stock of wealth. This is because each successive cohort enjoys earning greater than the preceding cohorts, and thus a large level of consumption at each age—since, by assumption, the allocation of consumption over life remains unchanged in time. Moreover, this implies that the currently working generation will aim for a level of consumption in their post-retirement years larger than the consumption enjoyed by the currently retired individuals belonging to a less affluent generation. To support this future level of consumption post-retirement, the working individuals must save currently on a scale higher than the dissaving of the retired households. Hence even if population is stationary, net aggregate saving tends to be positive.

text: We now consider the situation where population is stationary but average income earned at each age, and hence, aggregate income rises continuously over time due to increasing productivity. This also tends to lead to a positive rate of saving and a growing stock of wealth. This is because each successive cohort enjoys earning greater than the preceding cohorts, and thus a large level of consumption at each age—since, by assumption, the allocation of consumption over life remains unchanged in time. Moreover, this implies that the currently working generation will aim for a level of consumption in their post-retirement years larger than the consumption enjoyed by the currently retired individuals belonging to a less affluent generation. To support this future level of consumption post-retirement, the working individuals must save currently on a scale higher than the dissaving of the retired households. Hence even if population is stationary, net aggregate saving tends to be positive.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increasing productivity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: less affluent generation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: dissaving

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increasing productivity

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a large level of consumption at each age

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a growing stock of wealth.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: aggregate income rises continuously over time due to increasing productivity.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: less affluent generation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: We now consider the situation where population is stationary but average income

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: dissaving of the retired households.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: aggregate income rises continuously over time due to increasing productivity.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: population is stationary

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: aggregate income rises continuously over time due to increasing productivity.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a large level of consumption

text: The Sooners had avenged their loss in the 1985 Orange Bowl game to Washington with a 25-10 victory over the top team in the land in the 1986 Orange Bowl and the team's sixth National Championship.

text: The Sooners had avenged their loss in the

text: 1985 Orange Bowl

text: game to

text: Washington

text: with a 25-10 victory over the top team in the land in the 1986 Orange Bowl and the team's sixth National Championship.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The Sooners having avenged their loss

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Oklahoma

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of alcohol

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sixth National Championship.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1986 Orange Bowl and the team's sixth National Championship.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Washington

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1986 Orange Bowl and the team's sixth National Championship.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 1986 Orange Bowl and the team's sixth National Championship.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 1986 Orange Bowl and the team's sixth National Championship.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The Sooners had avenged their loss

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 1986 Orange Bowl and the team's sixth National Championship.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 25-10 victory over the top team in the land

text: To combat overpopulation in Java, the Indonesian government started a massive transmigration (transmigrasi) of poor farmers and landless peasants into Borneo in the 1970s and 1980s, to farm the logged areas, albeit with little success as the fertility of the land has been removed with the trees and what soil remains is washed away in tropical downpours.

text: To combat overpopulation in

text: Java

text: , the Indonesian government started a massive transmigration (

text: transmigrasi

text: ) of poor farmers and landless peasants into Borneo in the 1970s and 1980s, to farm the logged areas, albeit with little success as the fertility of the land has been removed with the trees and what soil remains is washed away in tropical downpours.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Borneo

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: tropical downpours

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: little success

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: To combat overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Borneo

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the Indonesian government started a massive transmigration

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: logged areas,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: tropical downpours.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: transmigration

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Although the vast majority of doctors and medical scientists consider that there is a link between cholesterol and atherosclerosis as discussed above, a 2014 meta-analysis of over 500,000 patients concluded there is insufficient evidence to support the recommendation of high consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids and low consumption of total saturated fats for cardiovascular health.

text: Although the vast majority of doctors and medical scientists consider that there is a link between cholesterol and atherosclerosis as discussed above, a 2014 meta-analysis of over 500,000 patients concluded there is insufficient evidence to support the recommendation of high consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids and low consumption of total saturated fats for cardiovascular health.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: cholesterol

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: polyunsaturated fatty acids

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a link between cholesterol and atherosclerosis

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: a 2014 meta-analysis

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: a 2014 meta-analysis

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: a 2014 meta-analysis

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: cholesterol

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: a link between cholesterol and atherosclerosis

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: cholesterol

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: a 2014 meta-analysis

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids

text: Apart from comparisons between HFCS and table sugar, there is some evidence that the over-consumption of added sugar in any form, including HFCS, is a major health problem. Consuming added sugars, especially in the form of soft drinks, is strongly linked to obesity. The World Health Organization has recommended that people limit their consumption of added sugars to 10% of calories, but experts say that typical consumption of empty calories in the United States is nearly twice that level.

text: Apart from comparisons between HFCS and table sugar, there is some evidence that the over-consumption of

text: added sugar

text: in any form, including HFCS, is a major health problem. Consuming added sugars, especially in the form of

text: soft drinks

text: , is strongly linked to

text: obesity

text: . The

text: World Health Organization

text: has recommended that people limit their consumption of added sugars to 10% of calories, but experts say that typical consumption of

text: empty calories

text: in the United States is nearly twice that level.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: HFCS

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: added sugar

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: obesity.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The World Health Organization

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Apart from comparisons between HFCS and table sugar,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: HFCS and table sugar,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: HFCS

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption of added sugar

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Apart from comparisons between HFCS and table sugar,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: added sugar

text: There are varying opinions about the effect of the Green Revolution on wild biodiversity. One hypothesis speculates that by increasing production per unit of land area, agriculture will not need to expand into new, uncultivated areas to feed a growing human population. However, land degradation and soil nutrients depletion have forced farmers to clear up formerly forested areas in order to keep up with production. A counter-hypothesis speculates that biodiversity was sacrificed because traditional systems of agriculture that were displaced sometimes incorporated practices to preserve wild biodiversity, and because the Green Revolution expanded agricultural development into new areas where it was once unprofitable or too arid. For example, the development of wheat varieties tolerant to acid soil conditions with high aluminium content, permitted the introduction of agriculture in sensitive Brazilian ecosystems such as Cerrado semi-humid tropical savanna and Amazon rainforest in the geoeconomic macroregions of Centro-Sul and Amazônia. Before the Green Revolution, other Brazilian ecosystems were also significantly damaged by human activity, such as the once 1st or 2nd main contributor to Brazilian megadiversity Atlantic Rainforest (above 85% of deforestation in the 1980s, about 95% after the 2010s) and the important xeric shrublands called Caatinga mainly in Northeastern Brazil (about 40% in the 1980s, about 50% after the 2010s — deforestation of the Caatinga biome is generally associated with greater risks of desertification). This also caused many animal species to suffer due to their damaged habitats.

text: There are varying opinions about the effect of the Green Revolution on wild biodiversity. One hypothesis speculates that by increasing production per unit of land area, agriculture will not need to expand into new, uncultivated areas to feed a growing human population. However, land degradation and soil nutrients depletion have forced farmers to clear up formerly forested areas in order to keep up with production. A counter-hypothesis speculates that biodiversity was sacrificed because traditional systems of agriculture that were displaced sometimes incorporated practices to preserve wild biodiversity, and because the Green Revolution expanded agricultural development into new areas where it was once unprofitable or too arid. For example, the development of wheat varieties tolerant to acid soil conditions with high aluminium content, permitted the introduction of agriculture in sensitive

text: Brazilian ecosystems

text: such as

text: Cerrado

text: semi-humid

entity_name: Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

text: tropical savanna

text: and

text: Amazon rainforest

text: in the geoeconomic macroregions of

text: Centro-Sul and Amazônia

text: . Before the Green Revolution, other Brazilian ecosystems were also significantly damaged by human activity, such as the once 1st or 2nd main contributor to Brazilian megadiversity

text: Atlantic Rainforest

text: (above 85% of deforestation in the 1980s, about 95% after the 2010s) and the important

text: xeric shrubland

text: s called

text: Caatinga

text: mainly in

text: Northeastern Brazil

text: (about 40% in the 1980s, about 50% after the 2010s — deforestation of the Caatinga biome is generally associated with greater risks of

text: desertification

text: ). This also caused many animal species to suffer due to their damaged habitats.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Centro-Sul

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: This also caused many animal species to suffer due to their damaged habitats.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: land degradation and soil nutrients depletion

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: growing human population.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Centro-Sul and Amazônia.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: land degradation and soil nutrients depletion

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: desertification).

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: biodiversity was sacrificed

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: land degradation and soil nutrients depletion

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: feed a growing human population.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: growing human population.

text: The presence or absence of liability may hang on a foreseeability test. The fact that the consumption of alcohol or the ingestion of drugs may cause a loss of control is well known. Thus, anyone who knowingly consumes is, at the very least, reckless as to the possibility of losing control. If they did not wish to lose control, they would not consume, so loss of control must be within the scope of their intention by continuing to consume. But, loss of control is not instantaneous and without symptoms. The issue of involuntary consumption is therefore contentious. In most legal systems, involuntary loss of control is limited to cases where there is no real loss of control with noticeable symptoms. Thus, for example, in many states, the blood alcohol level for the commission of the offence of driving under the influence is set sufficiently low that people might exceed the limit without realising that they had consumed enough alcohol to do so. Leaving aside the issue that, in some states, this is a strict liability offense excluding drunkenness as a defense, there is usually a requirement that the person who "spiked" the drinks be prosecuted in place of the driver. This reflects the fact that the commission of a crime has been procured by the actions of secretly adding the alcohol and the practical fact that without this rule, too many accused who are only marginally over the limit, might be encouraged to blame others for their intoxication.

text: The presence or absence of liability may hang on a foreseeability test. The fact that the consumption of alcohol or the ingestion of drugs may cause a loss of control is well known. Thus, anyone who knowingly consumes is, at the very least,

text: reckless

text: as to the possibility of losing control. If they did not wish to lose control, they would not consume, so loss of control must be within the scope of their intention by continuing to consume. But, loss of control is not instantaneous and without symptoms. The issue of involuntary consumption is therefore contentious. In most legal systems, involuntary loss of control is limited to cases where there is no real loss of control with noticeable symptoms. Thus, for example, in many states, the blood alcohol level for the commission of the offence of

text: driving under the influence

text: is set sufficiently low that people might exceed the limit without realising that they had consumed enough alcohol to do so. Leaving aside the issue that, in some states, this is a

text: strict liability

text: offense excluding drunkenness as a defense, there is usually a requirement that the person who "spiked" the drinks be prosecuted in place of the driver. This reflects the fact that the commission of a crime has been procured by the actions of secretly adding the alcohol and the practical fact that without this rule, too many accused who are only marginally over the limit, might be encouraged to blame others for their intoxication.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: involuntary consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: involuntary consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: drugs

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: presence or absence of liability may hang on a foreseeability test.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: presence or absence of liability may hang on a foreseeability test.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: presence or absence of liability may hang on a foreseeability test.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: alcohol or the ingestion of drugs may cause a loss of control

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: foreseeability test.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption of alcohol or the ingestion of drugs

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption of alcohol or the ingestion of drugs

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: anyone who knowingly consumes is, at the very least, reckless

text: Most anarchists see class society as being the root cause of pollution. They argue that a small class of owners or controllers have the wealth to avoid the worst repercussions of pollution while a very much larger class of workers without such wealth have no say in the running of the workplace. Thus under capitalism and other class societies those who control workplaces are also those with the least interest in minimising pollution - indeed as most anti-pollution measures add to costs that class will have an interest in minimising such measures. Under capitalism pollution is often a product of externalising costs - that is a transfer of a pollutant from the property of the owner to a public river transfers the cost from the capitalist to society at large. The anarchist communist solution is to ensure that all those working and living within the ecosystem of a plant have control over all its outputs, including pollutants.

text: Most

text: anarchist

text: s see

text: class society

text: as being the root cause of pollution. They argue that a small

text: class

text: of owners or controllers have the wealth to avoid the worst repercussions of pollution while a very much larger class of workers without such wealth have no say in the running of the

text: workplace

text: . Thus under capitalism and other class societies those who control workplaces are also those with the least interest in minimising pollution - indeed as most anti-pollution measures add to costs that class will have an interest in minimising such measures. Under capitalism pollution is often a product of externalising costs - that is a transfer of a pollutant from the property of the owner to a public river transfers the cost from the capitalist to

text: society

text: at large. The anarchist communist solution is to ensure that all those working and living within the

text: ecosystem

text: of a plant have control over all its outputs, including pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: class society

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Most anarchists see class society as being the root cause of pollution.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: class society

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Most anarchists see class society as being the root cause of pollution.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: class society

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Most anarchists see class society

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution.

text: Apertura feudi, in ancient law books, denotes the loss of a feudal Land tenure, by default of issue to him, to whom the feud or fee was first granted.

text: Apertura feudi, in ancient

text: law

text: books, denotes the loss of a

text: feudal

text: Land tenure

text: , by default of issue to him, to whom the feud or fee was first granted.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the loss of a feudal Land tenure

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of too much food

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: loss of a feudal Land tenure,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Apertura feudi,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Apertura feudi,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Apertura feudi,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Apertura feudi,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Apertura feudi,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: loss of a feudal Land tenure,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Apertura feudi,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Apertura feudi,

text: The current worldwide situation is described as disastrous. A case is presented that pollution, deforestation, climate change, overpopulation, and warfare are all created and perpetuated by the socioeconomic system. Various poverty statistics are shown that suggest a progressive worsening of world culture.

text: The current worldwide situation is described as disastrous. A case is presented that

text: pollution

text: deforestation

text: climate change

text: overpopulation

text: , and

text: warfare

text: are all created and perpetuated by the socioeconomic system. Various

text: poverty

text: statistics are shown that suggest a progressive worsening of

text: world culture

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution, deforestation, climate change,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: progressive worsening of world culture.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: worldwide

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Various poverty statistics

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution, deforestation, climate change,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: pollution, deforestation, climate change, overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: Single, young, male laborers were initially the largest group using chain migration to the United States in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. However, each immigrant group maintained a unique composition due to circumstances in home countries, goals of migration, and American immigration laws. For example, Irish migration after 1880 had a 53.6% female majority, the only migrant group with that distinction. Irish men and women faced economic crisis, overpopulation, and problematic inheritance laws for large families, thereby compelling many of Ireland’s daughters to leave with her sons. Italian chain migration was initially wholly male based on intent to return, but became a source of family reunification when wives eventually immigrated. Chinese chain migration was almost exclusively male until 1946, when the Chinese War Brides Act allowed Chinese wives of American citizens to immigrate without regards to Chinese immigration quotas. Before that time, chain migration was limited to “paper sons” and actual sons from China. The imbalanced sex ratio of Chinese immigrants was due to Chinese exclusion laws and the inability to bring current wives or to marry and return to the United States, inhibiting the corrective measure of chain migration.  When immigrant groups react to economic pull factors in the labor markets, chain migration via family has been used informally to balance out the gender ratio in ethnic immigrant communities.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Irish

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Irish migration after 1880 had a 53.6% female majority

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Irish migration after 1880 had a 53.6% female majority,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 53.6%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Irish

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Irish men and women faced economic crisis, overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: chain migration

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: chain migration to the United States

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: In order to achieve sustainable consumption, two developments have to take place: it requires both an increase in the efficiency of consumption as well as a change in consumption patterns and reductions in consumption levels in industrialized countries. The first prerequisite is not sufficient on its own and can be named weak sustainable consumption. Here, technological improvements and eco-efficiency support a necessary reduction in resource consumption. Once this aim has been met, the second prerequisite, the change in patterns and reduction of levels of consumption is indispensable. Strong sustainable consumption approaches also pay attention to the social dimension of well-being and assess the need for changes based on a risk-averse perspective. In order to achieve what can be termed strong sustainable consumption, changes in infrastructures as well as the choices customers have are required. In the political arena, weak sustainable consumption has been discussed whereas strong sustainable consumption is missing from all debates.

text: In order to achieve sustainable consumption, two developments have to take place: it requires both an increase in the efficiency of consumption as well as a change in consumption patterns and reductions in consumption levels in industrialized countries. The first prerequisite is not sufficient on its own and can be named weak sustainable consumption. Here, technological improvements and eco-efficiency support a necessary reduction in resource consumption. Once this aim has been met, the second prerequisite, the change in patterns and reduction of levels of consumption is indispensable. Strong sustainable consumption approaches also pay attention to the social dimension of well-being and assess the need for changes based on a risk-averse perspective. In order to achieve what can be termed strong sustainable consumption, changes in infrastructures as well as the choices customers have are required. In the political arena, weak sustainable consumption has been discussed whereas strong sustainable consumption is missing from all debates.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrialized countries

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: industrialized countries

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: weak sustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: technological improvements and eco-efficiency support a necessary reduction in resource consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: weak sustainable consumption.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrialized countries.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: weak sustainable consumption.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: weak sustainable consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: sustainable consumption,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: technological improvements and eco-efficiency support a necessary reduction in resource consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: weak sustainable consumption.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: weak sustainable consumption.

text: Actual consumption depends on gradients, maximum speeds, loading and stopping patterns. Data produced for the European MEET project (Methodologies for Estimating Air Pollutant Emissions) illustrate the different consumption patterns over several track sections. The results show the consumption for a German ICE high-speed train varied from around . The data also reflects the weight of the train per passenger. For example, TGV double-deck Duplex trains use lightweight materials, which keep axle loads down and reduce damage to track and also save energy.

text: Actual consumption depends on gradients, maximum speeds, loading and stopping patterns. Data produced for the European MEET project (Methodologies for Estimating Air Pollutant Emissions) illustrate the different consumption patterns over several track sections. The results show the consumption for a German ICE high-speed train varied from around . The data also reflects the weight of the train per passenger. For example,

text: TGV

text: double-deck Duplex trains use lightweight materials, which keep axle loads down and reduce damage to track and also save energy.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Germany

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Air Pollutant

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the weight of the train per passenger

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: save energy.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: around.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: German

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: around.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Air Pollutant Emissions)

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Air Pollutant Emissions)

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Air Pollutant Emissions)

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Actual consumption depends on gradients, maximum speeds, loading and stopping patterns.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: around.

text: The following table derived from data mined from Electric Power Annual . identifies those states which must import electrical energy from neighboring states to meet their consumption needs. Each state's total electric generation for 2014 is compared with the states consumption and its share of the system loss and the difference between the generated electric energy and its total consumption (including its share of the system loss) is the amount of energy it imports. For Hawaii (HI) total consumption equals generated energy. For the other states, multiplying their direct consumption by 1.101562245 (4136613879/3755224815), results in USA supply (including net imports) being equal to USA total consumption.The following chart provides the details.  Two graphics showing each states situation with respect to electric energy consumption and generation provide the visual recognition.

text: The following table derived from data mined from Electric Power Annual . identifies those states which must import electrical energy from neighboring states to meet their consumption needs. Each state's total electric generation for 2014 is compared with the states consumption and its share of the system loss and the difference between the generated electric energy and its total consumption (including its share of the system loss) is the amount of energy it imports. For Hawaii (HI) total consumption equals generated energy. For the other states, multiplying their direct consumption by 1.101562245 (4136613879/3755224815), results in USA supply (including net imports) being equal to USA total consumption.The following chart provides the details.  Two graphics showing each states situation with respect to electric energy consumption and generation provide the visual recognition.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewable energy

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hawaii

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: about 1 million of the worlds people do not have enough clean water

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: India's total electricity consumption in 2014 was .

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: In the United States, basic human necessities are food, clean water, secure shelter and basic sanitation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption refers to over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: USA supply (including net imports) being equal to USA total consumption.The

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Electric Power Annual.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hawaii

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Electric Power Annual.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: system loss

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Electric Power Annual. identifies those states which must import electrical energy

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: import electrical energy from neighboring states

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Electric Power Annual.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: import electrical energy from neighboring states to meet their consumption needs.

text: Major improvements were introduced with the PS3 Slim. It utilized a 45 nm Cell which resulted in a 34% reduction in power consumption over the previous 65 nm Cell model; the latest Slim model further decreases power consumption with the move to a 40 nm RSX.

text: Major improvements were introduced with the PS3 Slim. It utilized a 45 nm Cell which resulted in a 34% reduction in power consumption over the previous 65 nm Cell model; the latest Slim model further decreases power consumption with the move to a 40 nm RSX.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: power consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 34% reduction in power consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 34% reduction in power consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Major improvements were introduced with the PS3 Slim.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: PS3 Slim.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: power consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 34% reduction in power consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: power consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: PS3 Slim.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: power consumption

text: Taking into consideration those two approaches to sustainable consumption, it is evident that individual consumers play a key role. A huge problem is the existence of a so-called attitude-behaviour or values-action gap, i.e. many consumers are well aware of the importance of their consumption choices and care about environmental issues, however, most of them do not translate their concerns into their consumption patterns as the purchase-decision making process is highly complicated and relies on e.g. social, political and psychological factors. Young et al. identified a lack of time for research, high prices, a lack of information and the cognitive effort needed as the main barriers when it comes to green consumption choices.

text: Taking into consideration those two approaches to sustainable consumption, it is evident that individual consumers play a key role. A huge problem is the existence of a so-called attitude-behaviour or values-action gap, i.e. many consumers are well aware of the importance of their consumption choices and care about environmental issues, however, most of them do not translate their concerns into their consumption patterns as the purchase-decision making process is highly complicated and relies on e.g. social, political and psychological factors. Young et al. identified a lack of time for research, high prices, a lack of information and the cognitive effort needed as the main barriers when it comes to green consumption choices.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the purchase-decision making process

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainable consumption,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: attitude-behaviour or values-action gap,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Taking into consideration those two approaches to sustainable consumption,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: attitude-behaviour or values-action gap,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental issues,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: sustainable consumption,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: attitude-behaviour or values-action gap,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: attitude-behaviour or values-action gap,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: attitude-behaviour or values-action gap,

text: Downcycling can help to keep materials in use, to reduce consumption of raw materials, and to avoid the energy usage, greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and water pollution of primary production and resource extraction.

text: Downcycling can help to keep materials in use, to reduce consumption of

text: raw materials

text: , and to avoid the energy usage,

text: greenhouse gas

text: emissions,

text: air pollution

text: , and

text: water pollution

text: of primary production and resource extraction.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: downcycling

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of raw materials

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and water pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Downcycling

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Downcycling

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Downcycling

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Downcycling

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: reduce consumption of raw materials,

text: The Keynesian consumption function is also known as the absolute income hypothesis, as it only bases consumption on current income and ignores potential future income (or lack of).  Criticism of this assumption led to the development of Milton Friedman's permanent income hypothesis and Franco Modigliani's life cycle hypothesis. More recent theoretical approaches are based on behavioral economics and suggest that a number of behavioural principles can be taken as microeconomic foundations for a behaviourally-based aggregate consumption function.

text: The Keynesian

text: consumption function

text: is also known as the

text: absolute income hypothesis

text: , as it only bases consumption on current income and ignores potential future income (or lack of).  Criticism of this assumption led to the development of

text: Milton Friedman

text: 's

text: permanent income hypothesis

text: and

text: Franco Modigliani

text: 's

text: life cycle hypothesis

text: . More recent theoretical approaches are based on

text: behavioral economics

text: and suggest that a number of behavioural principles can be taken as microeconomic foundations for a behaviourally-based aggregate consumption function.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Milton Friedman's permanent income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption on current income and ignores potential future income

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: More recent theoretical approaches are based on behavioral economics

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Keynesian consumption function is also known as the absolute income hypothesis,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The Keynesian consumption function

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Keynesian consumption function is also known as the absolute income hypothesis,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: life cycle hypothesis.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The Keynesian consumption function is also known as the absolute income hypothesis,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: potential future income

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Keynesian consumption function is also known as the absolute income hypothesis,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: current income and ignores potential future income

text: is an immediate consequence of Green's theorem.

text: is an immediate consequence of

text: Green's theorem

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a change in the world

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: it is a consequence of Green's theorem

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evaporation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: a basic human necessity

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of too much food

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Green's theorem.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Green's theorem.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green's theorem.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Green's theorem.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Green's theorem.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Green's theorem.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Green's theorem.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green's theorem.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Green's theorem.

text: The film goes on to tell the story of the no kill movement in the United States, as told in Nathan Winograd's book Redemption: The Myth of Overpopulation and the No Kill Revolution in America, and the development of the movement in the eight years since the book was first published. Redemption is found when clear-cut solutions are provided to stop the killing of animals in shelters.

text: The film goes on to tell the story of the no kill movement in the United States, as told in

text: Nathan Winograd

text: 's book Redemption: The Myth of Overpopulation and the No Kill Revolution in America, and the development of the movement in the eight years since the book was first published. Redemption is found when clear-cut solutions are provided to stop the killing of animals in shelters.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no kill movement

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no kill movement

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: clear-cut solutions are provided to stop the killing of animals in shelters.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no kill movement in the United States,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no kill movement in the United States,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

text: Some criticisms generally involve some variation of the Malthusian principle of population. Such concerns often revolve around the idea that the Green Revolution is unsustainable, and argue that humanity is now in a state of overpopulation or overshoot with regards to the sustainable carrying capacity and ecological demands on the Earth.

text: Some criticisms generally involve some variation of the

text: Malthusian

text: principle of population. Such concerns often revolve around the idea that the Green Revolution is unsustainable, and argue that humanity is now in a state of

text: overpopulation

text: or

text: overshoot

text: with regards to the sustainable

text: carrying capacity

text: and

text: ecological demands

text: on the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: humanity is now in a state of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: humanity is now in a state of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overshoot

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Malthusian principle of population.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Malthusian principle of population.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overshoot

text: Informally, a global issue describes any social, economic, political or environmental problem that has already arisen or can arise from global change or globalization, e.g. overpopulation, or water scarcity.

text: Informally, a global issue describes any

text: social

text: , economic, political or

text: environmental problem

text: that has already arisen or can arise from

text: global change

text: or

text: globalization

text: , e.g.

text: overpopulation

text: , or

text: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global issues

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: global issue

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: global change or globalization

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: a global issue

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: global issues

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation, or water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Informally, a global issue

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: global issue

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation, or water scarcity.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: global change or globalization,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: a global issue

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a global issue

text: Water, however, is not a finite resource, but rather re-circulated as potable water in precipitation in quantities many degrees of magnitude higher than human consumption. Therefore, it is the relatively small quantity of water in reserve in the earth (about 1% of our drinking water supply, which is replenished in aquifers around every 1 to 10 years), that is a non-renewable resource, and it is, rather, the distribution of potable and irrigation water which is scarce, rather than the actual amount of it that exists on the earth. Water-poor countries use importation of goods as the primary method of importing water (to leave enough for local human consumption), since the manufacturing process uses around 10 to 100 times products' masses in water.

text: Water, however, is not a finite resource, but rather re-circulated as potable water in precipitation in quantities many degrees of magnitude higher than human consumption. Therefore, it is the relatively small quantity of water in reserve in the earth (about 1% of our drinking

text: water supply

text: , which is replenished in aquifers around every 1 to 10 years), that is a

text: non-renewable resource

text: , and it is, rather, the distribution of potable and irrigation water which is scarce, rather than the actual amount of it that exists on the earth. Water-poor countries use importation of goods as the primary method of importing water (to leave enough for local human consumption), since the manufacturing process uses around 10 to 100 times products' masses in water.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Water

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: water scarcity

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: non-renewable resource

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Water-poor countries

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Water,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Water-poor countries

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Water-poor countries

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Water,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: irrigation water

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: distribution of potable and irrigation water which is scarce,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Water,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human consumption.

text: Due to pollution, consumption of the meat and blubber is considered unhealthy by some. Especially children and pregnant women are at risk, with prenatal exposure to methylmercury and PCBs primarily from the consumption of pilot whale meat has resulted in neuropsychological deficits amongst children.

text: Due to pollution, consumption of the meat and blubber is considered unhealthy by some. Especially children and pregnant women are at risk, with

text: prenatal

text: exposure to

text: methylmercury

text: and

text: PCB

text: s primarily from the consumption of pilot whale meat has resulted in

text: neuropsychological

text: deficits amongst children.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Southeast Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unhealthy

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: neuropsychological deficits amongst children.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Due to pollution, consumption of the meat and blubber

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: children and pregnant women

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Due to pollution, consumption of the meat and blubber

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Due to pollution, consumption of the meat and blubber

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unhealthy

text: Work (physics)- World energy resources and consumption- World Forum on Energy Regulation

text: Work (physics)

text: World energy resources and consumption

text: World Forum on Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: World energy resources and consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: World energy resources and consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: World energy resources and consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Carbon Dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: World energy resources and consumption- World Forum on Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Global warming

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: World energy resources and consumption- World Forum on Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Over-consumption refers to excessive consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: World energy resources and consumption- World Forum on Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: World energy resources and consumption- World Forum on Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: World energy resources and consumption- World Forum on Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: World energy resources and consumption- World Forum on Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: World energy resources and consumption- World Forum on Energy Regulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption-

text: A similar situation was occurring in the US. Water consumption was increasing, for example in Chicago the per capita water consumption was 33 gallons per day in 1856 to 144 gallons in 1882 (although this figure also includes industrial sources). This increased water consumption and the growing use water closets overloaded the existing cesspool system and served to contaminate the surrounding soil and watercourses.

text: A similar situation was occurring in the US. Water consumption was increasing, for example in

text: Chicago

text: the per capita water consumption was 33 gallons per day in 1856 to 144 gallons in 1882 (although this figure also includes industrial sources). This increased water consumption and the growing use water closets overloaded the existing cesspool system and served to contaminate the surrounding soil and watercourses.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Chicago

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: water consumption was increasing

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overloaded the existing cesspool system

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased water consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: contaminate the surrounding soil and watercourses.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Water consumption was increasing,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Chicago

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: A similar situation was occurring in the US. Water consumption was increasing,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: contaminate the surrounding soil and watercourses.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Water consumption was increasing,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Water consumption was increasing,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 144 gallons in 1882

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: contaminate the surrounding soil and watercourses.

text: By the time we find a product on a market shelf, 90% of the resources used to create that product was regarded as waste.  This accounts for about 136 pounds of resources a week consumed by the average American and 2,000 pounds of waste support that consumption.  As the population grows and the economy expands more and more products will be created, consumed, and disposed. Many negative externalities are related to the environmental consequences of production and use, including air pollution, anthropogenic climate change and water pollution. Under the current cycle of production, toxic chemical byproducts will continue to be produced and unleashed on our environment. It is important to carefully consider how toxic wastes are created in order to forgo the possibility of a world that is unsuitable for human life.

text: By the time we find a product on a market shelf, 90% of the resources used to create that product was regarded as waste.  This accounts for about 136 pounds of resources a week consumed by the average American and 2,000 pounds of waste support that consumption.  As the population grows and the economy expands more and more products will be created, consumed, and disposed. Many negative externalities are related to the environmental consequences of production and use, including

text: air pollution

text: anthropogenic climate change

text: and

text: water pollution

text: . Under the current cycle of production, toxic chemical byproducts will continue to be produced and unleashed on our environment. It is important to carefully consider how toxic wastes are created in order to forgo the possibility of a world that is unsuitable for human life.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unsuitable for human life

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: America

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: As the population grows and the economy expands

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Which of the following is not a basic human necessity?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: more and more products will be created

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 90% of the resources used to create that product was regarded as waste.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: population grows

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: American

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: more and more products will be created,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: toxic chemical byproducts

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 136 pounds of resources a week consumed by the average American

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: more and more products

text: The environmental calculator of the French environment and energy agency shows the usual fuel consumption of different means of transportation.If an embodied energy of 20 000 kWh is assumed, when taking a distance of 200 000 km into account, 10 kWh or one liter of gasoline per 100 km has to be added to the consumption. Moreover, the EROEI and the road construction represent approximately 20% of the fuel consumption. For a consumption of 6,4 l/100 km, it means that the corresponding embodied energy is equal to 1.3 l/100 km, so that the overall embodied energy amounts to 2.3 l/100 km.

text: The

entity_section: Environmental calculator of the French environment and energy agency

text: environmental calculator of the French environment and energy agency

text: shows the usual fuel consumption of different means of transportation.If an embodied energy of 20 000 kWh is assumed, when taking a distance of 200 000 km into account, 10 kWh or one liter of gasoline per 100 km has to be added to the consumption. Moreover, the EROEI and the road construction represent approximately 20% of the fuel consumption. For a consumption of 6,4 l/100 km, it means that the corresponding embodied energy is equal to 1.3 l/100 km, so that the overall embodied energy amounts to 2.3 l/100 km.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: France

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: EROEI

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption of different means of transportation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: fuel consumption of different means of transportation.If

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The environmental calculator of the French environment and energy agency

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: French

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The environmental calculator of the French environment and energy agency

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: EROEI

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The environmental calculator of the French environment and energy agency

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption

text: He directed many action adventures such as Violent Saturday (1955), Bandido (1956) starring Robert Mitchum, The Vikings (1958), and Mr. Majestyk (1974). Fleischer also directed a trilogy of films centering on famous serial killers and focusing on the theme of capital punishment: Compulsion (1959), The Boston Strangler (1968) and 10 Rillington Place (1971). He helmed Soylent Green (1973), a cautionary tale of overpopulation and pollution. Some of his entertainments are regarded as controversial and provocative, such as Che! (1969), a biopic of Che Guevara, and the interracial melodrama of the Deep South in Mandingo (1975).

text: He directed many action adventures such as

text: Violent Saturday

text: Bandido

text: (1956) starring

text: Robert Mitchum

text: The Vikings

text: (1958), and

text: Mr. Majestyk

text: (1974). Fleischer also directed a trilogy of films centering on famous

text: serial killer

text: s and focusing on the theme of

text: capital punishment

text: Compulsion

text: The Boston Strangler

text: (1968) and

text: 10 Rillington Place

text: (1971). He helmed

text: Soylent Green

text: (1973), a cautionary tale of

text: overpopulation

text: and

text: pollution

text: . Some of his entertainments are regarded as controversial and provocative, such as

text: Che!

text: (1969), a

text: biopic

text: of

text: Che Guevara

text: , and the interracial melodrama of the Deep South in

text: Mandingo

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Soylent Green

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Deep South

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: soylent green

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Soylent Green

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation and pollution.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Soylent Green (1973),

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Deep South

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Soylent Green (1973),

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation and pollution.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation and pollution.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Fleischer

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation and pollution.

text: Human overpopulation in the period AD 800 to 1600 led to extinction of the Rapa Nui Palm. Hogan believes that loss of the Rapa Nui Palm along with other biota contributed to the collapse of society on Easter Island.Dransfield suggests that the trees may have gone extinct as they were cut down for the edible palm hearts as food supplies ran out for an island overpopulated by humans. It is also likely that many palms were cut down to build canoes for fishing.  Another possibility is the Polynesian rat, brought in by settlers arriving between AD 800 and 1000, consumed the nuts of the palm, leaving insufficient numbers to reseed the island.

text: Human overpopulation

text: in the period AD 800 to 1600 led to

text: extinction

text: of the Rapa Nui Palm. Hogan believes that loss of the Rapa Nui Palm along with other biota contributed to the collapse of society on Easter Island.Dransfield suggests that the trees may have gone extinct as they were cut down for the edible

text: palm hearts

text: as food supplies ran out for an island

text: overpopulated by humans

text: . It is also likely that many palms were cut down to build canoes for fishing.  Another possibility is the

text: Polynesian rat

text: , brought in by settlers arriving between AD 800 and 1000, consumed the nuts of the palm, leaving insufficient numbers to reseed the island.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Easter Island

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: extinction of the Rapa Nui Palm.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Easter Island.Dransfield

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: extinction of the Rapa Nui Palm.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Human overpopulation

text: In general, biocapacity is the amount of resources available to people at a specific moment in time to a specific population (supply) and to differentiate between ecological footprint – that is the demand constructed on behalf of a regional ecosystem. Biocapacity is able to determine the human impacts on Earth. By determining productivity of land, hence the resources available for human consumption, biocapacity will be able to predict and perhaps examine the effects on the ecosystems closely based on collected results of human consumption. .The biocapacity of an area is calculated by multiplying the actual physical area by the yield factor and the appropriate equivalence factor. Biocapacity is usually expressed in global hectares (gha). Since global hectares is able to convert human consumptions like food and water into a measurement, biocapacity can be applied to determine the carrying capacity of the Earth.

text: In general, biocapacity is the amount of resources available to people at a specific moment in time to a specific population (

text: supply

text: ) and to differentiate between ecological footprint – that is the demand constructed on behalf of a regional ecosystem. Biocapacity is able to determine the human impacts on Earth. By determining productivity of land, hence the resources available for human consumption, biocapacity will be able to predict and perhaps examine the effects on the ecosystems closely based on collected results of human consumption. .The biocapacity of an area is calculated by multiplying the actual physical area by the yield factor and the appropriate equivalence factor. Biocapacity is usually expressed in

text: global hectares (gha)

text: . Since global hectares is able to convert

text: human consumptions

text: like food and water into a measurement, biocapacity can be applied to determine the

text: carrying capacity

text: of the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: biocapacity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: biocapacity

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: ecological footprint

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: biocapacity is able to determine the human impacts on Earth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: biocapacity

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the demand constructed on behalf of a regional ecosystem

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: biocapacity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: biocapacity

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: biocapacity

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: biocapacity

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: ecological footprint

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: biocapacity

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human consumption..The

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: biocapacity

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: ecological footprint

text: Overpopulation.

text: Overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The world is overpopulated.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of too much food

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation.

text: Income distribution is not evenly distributed in Istanbul, such that 20% of the highest income group uses 64% of the resources and 20% of the lowest income group uses 4% of the resources (based on 1994 statistics). The change in Istanbul's living standards is a direct reflection of the nation's statistics as the 27.5% share of the total consumption in Turkey is performed by the population of Istanbul.

text: Income distribution is not evenly distributed in Istanbul, such that 20% of the highest income group uses 64% of the resources and 20% of the lowest income group uses 4% of the resources (based on 1994 statistics). The change in Istanbul's living standards is a direct reflection of the nation's statistics as the 27.5% share of the total consumption in Turkey is performed by the population of Istanbul.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Istanbul

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: not

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: income distribution is not evenly distributed in Istanbul

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Istanbul's living standards

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Income distribution is not evenly distributed in Istanbul,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Istanbul,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Income distribution is not evenly distributed in Istanbul,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Income distribution is not evenly distributed in Istanbul,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The change in Istanbul's living standards

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Income distribution is not evenly distributed

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Income distribution is not evenly distributed in Istanbul,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 20% of the highest income group uses 64% of the resources

text: "Overpopulated" was a "surprisingly upbeat" 2013 documentary about human overpopulation televised by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC).

text: "Overpopulated" was a "surprisingly upbeat" 2013

text: documentary

text: about

text: human overpopulation

text: televised by the

text: British Broadcasting Corporation

text: (BBC).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Northern Ireland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "Overpopulated"

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: "Overpopulated"

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

text: Hohokam agave was apparently bred for human consumption by Native Americans over many generations. It has several advantages as a plant and food source over other agaves. The acidic juice in its leaves is less caustic than that of many agave species; the Hohokam agave is ready for consumption in late winter and early spring when other agricultural crops are not productive.

text: Hohokam agave was apparently bred for human consumption by Native Americans over many generations. It has several advantages as a plant and food source over other agaves. The acidic juice in its leaves is less caustic than that of many agave species; the Hohokam agave is ready for consumption in late winter and early spring when other agricultural crops are not productive.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hohokam

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: caustic

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating too much

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: other agricultural crops are not productive.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Hohokam agave

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hohokam

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Hohokam agave

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Hohokam agave

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: productive.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The acidic juice

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Hohokam agave

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Hohokam agave was apparently bred for human consumption

text: The collections of the library were dispersed during the French Revolution . Consequently the current collections have been built since 1829 only.

text: The collections of the library were dispersed during the

text: French Revolution

text: . Consequently the current collections have been built since 1829 only.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no answer

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the French Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: current collections have been built since 1829

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The collections of the library were dispersed during the French Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: French Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The collections of the library were dispersed during the French Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The collections of the library were dispersed during the French Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: French Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: French Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The collections of the library were dispersed during the French Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The collections of the library were dispersed during the French Revolution.

text: The 14th century saw considerable flux in population. The 13th century had been a period of relative peace; Europe became overpopulated. Poor weather led to a series of poor harvests and starvation. There was great loss of life in the Hundred Years War. Then in 1346, Europe was struck with the Black Death and the population was reduced by up to a half. Arable land was labour-intensive and sufficient workers no longer could be found. Land prices dropped, and land was sold and put to sheep pasture. Traders from Florence and Bruges bought the wool, then sheep-owning landlords started to weave wool outside the jurisdiction of the city and trade guilds. The weavers started by working in their own homes then production was moved into purpose-built buildings. The working hours and the amount of work were regulated. The putting-out system had been replaced by a factory system.

text: The 14th century saw considerable flux in population. The 13th century had been a period of relative peace; Europe became overpopulated. Poor weather led to a series of poor harvests and starvation. There was great loss of life in the

text: Hundred Years War

text: . Then in 1346, Europe was struck with the

text: Black Death

text: and the population was reduced by up to a half. Arable land was labour-intensive and sufficient workers no longer could be found. Land prices dropped, and land was sold and put to sheep pasture. Traders from

text: Florence

text: and

text: Bruges

text: bought the wool, then sheep-owning landlords started to weave wool outside the jurisdiction of the city and trade guilds. The weavers started by working in their own homes then production was moved into purpose-built buildings. The working hours and the amount of work were regulated. The putting-out system had been replaced by a

text: factory system

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Europe becoming overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Europe

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Land prices dropped, and land was sold and put to sheep pasture

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Europe became overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: factory system.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the population was reduced by up to a half.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Europe

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Europe was struck with the Black Death

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: starvation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Land prices dropped, and land was sold and put to sheep pasture.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Poor weather

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Black Death

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Europe became overpopulated.

text: In 1720 he conjectured in "A New Theory of Consumptions - More Especially a Phthisis or Consumption of the Lungs", that tuberculosis may be caused by "wonderfully minute living creatures" that could lead to the lesions symptomatic of the disease, thereby expressing the theory of  contagium vivum fluidum or 'contagious living fluid'. He went on to state that "it may be therefore very likely that by a habitual lying in the same bed with a consumptive patient, constantly eating and drinking with him, or by very frequently conversing so nearly as to draw in part of the breath he emits from the lungs, a consumption may be caught by a sound person...I imagine that slightly conversing with consumptive patients is seldom or never sufficient to catch the disease."

text: In 1720 he conjectured in "A New Theory of Consumptions - More Especially a Phthisis or Consumption of the Lungs", that

text: tuberculosis

text: may be caused by "wonderfully minute living creatures" that could lead to the lesions symptomatic of the disease, thereby expressing the theory of

text: contagium vivum fluidum

text: or 'contagious living fluid'. He went on to state that "it may be therefore very likely that by a habitual lying in the same bed with a consumptive patient, constantly eating and drinking with him, or by very frequently conversing so nearly as to draw in part of the breath he emits from the lungs, a consumption may be caught by a sound person...I imagine that slightly conversing with consumptive patients is seldom or never sufficient to catch the disease."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: constant eating and drinking

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: contagium vivum fluidum

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In 1720

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Consumption of the Lungs",

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1720

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 1720

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: "wonderfully minute living creatures"

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: "A New Theory of Consumptions

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: constantly eating and drinking

text: Although traditional diets emphasize a sufficient intake of fruit and vegetables, they do not emphasize the range or variety of this intake. Nutritional biodiversity encourages the consumption of about 10 – 15 different green vegetables over a period of a fortnight, rather than the same green vegetable every day for that same period. This extends to all types of fruits and vegetables.

text: Although traditional diets emphasize a sufficient intake of

text: fruit

text: and

text: vegetable

text: s, they do not emphasize the range or variety of this intake. Nutritional

text: biodiversity

text: encourages the consumption of about 10 – 15 different

text: green vegetables

text: over a period of a

text: fortnight

text: , rather than the same green vegetable every day for that same period. This extends to all types of

text: fruit

text: s and

text: vegetable

text: s.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Nutritional biodiversity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the same green vegetable every day for that same period

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Nutritional biodiversity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 10 – 15 different green vegetables

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 10 – 15

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 10 – 15

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: fruit and vegetables,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: traditional diets emphasize a sufficient intake of fruit and vegetables,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: traditional diets

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Although traditional diets emphasize a sufficient intake of fruit and vegetables,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: same green vegetable every day for that same period.

text: Several databases, such as Agricultural Outlook and United Nations Food show there is increasing trend of meat consumption in India. However, the data also shows that the consumption of buffalo meat has been falling over the years, It has come down by (-) 44.5% in 2014 from 2000. This fall in consumption has been taking place because of the increase in the price of buffalo meat and health consciousness. Consumption of chicken went up by 31 percent in that period, showing that white meat is taking the place of red meat.

text: Several databases, such as

text: Agricultural Outlook

text: and United Nations Food show there is increasing trend of meat consumption in India. However, the data also shows that the consumption of buffalo meat has been falling over the years, It has come down by (-) 44.5% in 2014 from 2000. This fall in consumption has been taking place because of the increase in the price of buffalo meat and health consciousness. Consumption of chicken went up by 31 percent in that period, showing that white meat is taking the place of red meat.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of chicken

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: meat consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increasing trend of meat consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 44.5% in 2014 from 2000.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 44.5%

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: meat consumption in India.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increasing trend of meat consumption in India.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: increase in the price of buffalo meat and health consciousness.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: meat consumption in India.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increasing trend of meat consumption

text: Factors of consumption can be improved through employing rental systems where resources are shared:

text: Factors of consumption can be improved through employing rental systems where resources are shared:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: sanitation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: rental systems where resources are shared:

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Factors of consumption can be improved through employing rental systems

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Factors of consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Factors of consumption can be improved through employing rental systems

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Factors of consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Factors of consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rental systems where resources are shared:

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Factors of consumption can be improved through employing rental systems

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption

text: The origins of the environmental movement lay in the response to increasing levels of smoke pollution in the atmosphere during the Industrial Revolution. The emergence of great factories and the concomitant immense growth in coal consumption gave rise to an unprecedented level of air pollution in industrial centers; after 1900 the large volume of industrial chemical discharges added to the growing load of untreated human waste. Under increasing political pressure from the urban middle-class, the first large-scale, modern environmental laws came in the form of Britain's Alkali Acts, passed in 1863, to regulate the deleterious air pollution (gaseous hydrochloric acid) given off by the Leblanc process, used to produce soda ash.

text: The origins of the environmental movement lay in the response to increasing levels of

text: smoke

text: pollution

text: in the

text: atmosphere

text: during the

text: Industrial Revolution

text: . The emergence of great factories and the concomitant immense growth in

text: coal consumption

text: gave rise to an unprecedented level of

text: air pollution

text: in industrial centers; after 1900 the large volume of industrial

text: chemical

text: discharges added to the growing load of untreated human waste. Under increasing political pressure from the urban middle-class, the first large-scale, modern environmental laws came in the form of Britain's

text: Alkali Acts

text: , passed in 1863, to regulate the deleterious air pollution (

text: gaseous

text: hydrochloric acid

text: ) given off by the

text: Leblanc process

text: , used to produce

text: soda ash

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: untreated human waste

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrial centers

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: soda ash

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: untreated human waste

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: untreated human waste

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: modern environmental laws

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasing levels of smoke pollution in the atmosphere during the Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urban middle-class,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: increasing levels of smoke pollution in the atmosphere during the Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: untreated human waste.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: (gaseous hydrochloric acid)

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: immense growth in coal consumption gave rise to an unprecedented level of air pollution

text: Gluttony (), derived from the Latin gluttire meaning to gulp down or swallow, means over-indulgence and over-consumption of food, drink, or wealth items to the point of extravagance or waste.

text: Gluttony (), derived from the

text: Latin

text: gluttire meaning to gulp down or swallow, means over-

text: indulgence

text: and

text: over-consumption

text: of

text: food

text: drink

text: , or wealth items to the point of

text: extravagance

text: or waste.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Gluttony

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Gluttony

text: The advantages and disadvantages of each technology vary.  For example, while DLP typically has slightly lower resolution than their LCoS counterparts due to the tiny mirrors used in DLP technology, 3-LED DLP projectors are generally regarded as having a higher contrast, better efficiency and lower power consumption as opposed color-sequential LCoS units and better color quality than white LED LCoS units. Laser scanning projectors such as Microvision's ShowX and AAXA's L1 offer very good color gamut and low power consumption due to the use of lasers as the light source and also present an image that is always in focus. However, high speckle noise along with thermal instability in the image remains a major challenge, primarily due to the pumped green laser. The new "Direct Green Laser" (DGL) technologies that replace the "pumped green laser" in next generation Laser scanning projectors, in combination with improved hardware optics, MEMS Mirror designs and other operational methods are being deployed or are under development. Speckle noise should be reduced significantly, plus greatly improve thermal issues and reduce power consumption even further.

text: The advantages and disadvantages of each technology vary.  For example, while DLP typically has slightly lower resolution than their LCoS counterparts due to the tiny mirrors used in DLP technology, 3-LED DLP projectors are generally regarded as having a higher contrast, better efficiency and lower power consumption as opposed color-sequential LCoS units and better color quality than white LED LCoS units.

text: Laser scanning projectors

text: such as Microvision's ShowX and AAXA's L1 offer very good color

text: gamut

text: and low power consumption due to the use of lasers as the light source and also present an image that is always in focus. However, high

text: speckle noise

text: along with thermal instability in the image remains a major challenge, primarily due to the pumped green laser. The new "Direct Green Laser" (DGL) technologies that replace the "pumped green laser" in next generation

text: Laser scanning projectors

text: , in combination with improved hardware optics,

text: MEMS

text: Mirror designs and other operational methods are being deployed or are under development.

text: Speckle noise

text: should be reduced significantly, plus greatly improve thermal issues and reduce power consumption even further.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pumped green laser

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: nuclear waste

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: high speckle noise

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The new "Direct Green Laser" (DGL) technologies

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: DLP typically has slightly lower resolution than their LCoS counterparts

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: DLP typically has slightly lower resolution than their LCoS counterparts

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: DLP typically has slightly lower resolution than their LCoS counterparts

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: speckle noise

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pumped green laser.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pumped green laser.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: DLP typically has slightly lower resolution than their LCoS counterparts

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: power consumption

text: Overconsumption is a situation where resource use has outpaced the sustainable capacity of the ecosystem.  A prolonged pattern of overconsumption leads to environmental degradation and the eventual loss of resource bases.  Generally the discussion of overconsumption parallels that of overpopulation; that is the more people, the more consumption of raw materials to sustain their lives.  Currently, the inhabitants of the developed nations of the world consume resources at a rate almost 32 times greater than those of the developing world, who make up the majority of the human population (7.4 billion people).

text: Overconsumption is a situation where

text: resource use

text: has outpaced the

text: sustainable

text: capacity

text: of the

text: ecosystem

text: .  A prolonged pattern of overconsumption leads to

text: environmental degradation

text: and the eventual

text: loss of resource

text: bases.  Generally the discussion of overconsumption parallels that of

text: overpopulation

text: ; that is the more people, the more

text: consumption

text: of

text: raw material

text: s to sustain their lives.  Currently, the inhabitants of the

text: developed nation

text: s of the world consume resources at a rate almost 32 times greater than those of the developing world, who make up the majority of the human population (7.4 billion people).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing world

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: situation where resource use has outpaced the sustainable capacity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing world,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation;

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a situation where resource use has outpaced the sustainable capacity of the ecosystem.

text: , defined over sequences of consumption and hours worked,

text: , defined over sequences of consumption and hours worked,

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in carbon dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the percentage of people in the world that live in absolute poverty is decreasing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the worlds population

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the world's population grew

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: human needs

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: consumption and hours worked,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: context:, defined over sequences of consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: defined over sequences of consumption and hours worked,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: sequences of consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: defined over sequences of consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption

text: The proliferation of industrial monocultures, with their reduction in crop diversity and dependence on heavy use of artificial fertilizers and pesticides, has led to overexploited soils that are nearly incapable of regeneration. Over years, unsustainable farming of land degrades soil fertility and diminishes crop yield. With a steadily growing world population and local overpopulation, even slightly diminishing yields are already the equivalent to a partial harvest failure.

text: The proliferation of

text: industrial

text: monoculture

text: s, with their reduction in

text: crop diversity

text: and dependence on heavy use of

text: artificial fertilizer

text: s and

text: pesticide

text: s, has led to overexploited soils that are nearly incapable of

text: regeneration

text: . Over years,

text: unsustainable

text: farming of land degrades

text: soil fertility

text: and diminishes

text: crop yield

text: . With a steadily growing

text: world population

text: and local

text: overpopulation

text: , even slightly diminishing yields are already the equivalent to a partial harvest failure.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unsustainable farming

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overexploited soils that are nearly incapable of regeneration

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overexploited soils

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unsustainable farming

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overexploited soils that are nearly incapable of regeneration.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: steadily growing world population

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: local overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The proliferation of industrial monocultures,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overexploited soils

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overexploited soils

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The proliferation of industrial monocultures,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The proliferation of industrial monocultures,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overexploited soils

text: Despite its name, this act did not outlaw the consumption of alcoholic beverages by those under 21 years of age, just its purchase. However, Alabama, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Vermont, and the District of Columbia extended the law into an outright ban. The minimum purchase and drinking ages is a state law, and most states still permit "underage" consumption of alcohol in some circumstances. In some states, no restriction on private consumption is made, while in others, consumption is only allowed in specific locations, in the presence of consenting and supervising family members as in the states of Colorado, Maryland, Montana, New York, Texas, West Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The act also does not seek to criminalize alcohol consumption during religious occasions; (e.g. communion wines, Kiddush).

text: Despite its name, this act did not outlaw the consumption of alcoholic beverages by those under 21 years of age, just its purchase. However,

text: Alabama

text: Indiana

text: Kansas

text: Michigan

text: North Carolina

text: Pennsylvania

text: , and

text: Vermont

text: , and the

text: District of Columbia

text: extended the law into an outright ban. The minimum purchase and drinking ages is a state law, and most states still permit "underage" consumption of alcohol in some circumstances. In some states, no restriction on private consumption is made, while in others, consumption is only allowed in specific locations, in the presence of consenting and supervising family members as in the states of

text: Colorado

text: Maryland

text: Montana

text: New York

text: Texas

text: West Virginia

text: Washington

text: Wisconsin

text: , and

text: Wyoming

text: . The act also does not seek to criminalize alcohol consumption during religious occasions; (e.g.

text: communion wines

text: Kiddush

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Pennsylvania

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: underage

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: most states still permit "underage" consumption of alcohol in some circumstances.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the District of Columbia extended the law into an outright ban.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Alabama, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Vermont,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Alabama, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Vermont,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: alcoholic beverages

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: alcoholic beverages by those under 21 years of age,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: alcoholic beverages

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: alcoholic beverages by those under 21 years of age,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "underage" consumption of alcohol

text: The head of the UN Millennium Project Jeffrey Sachs is also a strong proponent of decreasing the effects of overpopulation. In 2007, Jeffrey Sachs gave a number of lectures (2007 Reith Lectures) about population planning and overpopulation. In his lectures, called "Bursting at the Seams", he featured an integrated approach that would deal with a number of problems associated with overpopulation and poverty reduction. For example, when criticized for advocating mosquito nets he argued that child survival was, "by far one of the most powerful ways," to achieve fertility reduction, as this would assure poor families that the smaller number of children they had would survive.

text: The head of the UN Millennium Project

text: Jeffrey Sachs

text: is also a strong proponent of decreasing the effects of overpopulation. In 2007, Jeffrey Sachs gave a number of lectures (2007

text: Reith Lectures

text: ) about population planning and overpopulation. In his lectures, called "

text: Bursting at the Seams

text: ", he featured an integrated approach that would deal with a number of problems associated with overpopulation and

text: poverty reduction

text: . For example, when criticized for advocating mosquito nets he argued that child survival was, "by far one of the most powerful ways," to achieve fertility reduction, as this would assure poor families that the smaller number of children they had would survive.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: poverty reduction.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: poverty reduction.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The head of the UN Millennium Project Jeffrey Sachs

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: mosquito nets

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: Lighting is responsible for one-fourth of all electricity consumption worldwide, and case studies have shown that several forms of over-illumination constitute energy wastage, including non-beneficial upward direction of night-time lighting. In 2007, Terna, the company responsible for managing electricity flow in Italy, reported a saving of 645.2 million kWh in electricity consumption during the daylight saving period from April to October. It attributes this saving to the delayed need for artificial lighting during the evenings.

text: Lighting is responsible for one-fourth of all electricity consumption worldwide, and case studies have shown that several forms of

text: over-illumination

text: constitute energy wastage, including non-beneficial upward direction of night-time lighting. In 2007, Terna, the company responsible for managing electricity flow in Italy, reported a saving of 645.2 million kWh in electricity consumption during the daylight saving period from April to October. It attributes this saving to the delayed need for artificial lighting during the evenings.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Italy

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: lighting

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: saving of 645.2 million kWh in electricity consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Lighting is responsible for one-fourth of all electricity consumption worldwide,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Italy,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Lighting

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: energy wastage,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: delayed need for artificial lighting during the evenings.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: non-beneficial upward direction of night-time lighting.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Lighting

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy wastage,

text: Daily consumption of black tea (but not green tea) has been associated with a significant reduction in death from all cancers. There is limited evidence to suggest that green tea consumption may be associated with a slightly lower risk of esophageal cancer in the Chinese population, a lower risk of lung cancer in women, and a lower risk of oral cancer in Asian people. A 2015 meta-analysis of nine prospective cohort studies concluded that a high amount of green tea consumption may be associated with a lower risk of liver cancer in Asian women. This association was not seen in Asian men or when one cup of green tea was consumed daily. Similarly, another analysis of observational data conducted in 2012 suggested that green tea consumption may have a favorable effect on lung cancer risk. The observed effect was strongest in those who consumed more than seven cups of green tea daily. A 2011 meta-analysis of epidemiological studies found limited evidence that green tea consumption may be associated with a moderately reduced risk of liver cancer in Chinese and Japanese people. Limited evidence suggests that green tea consumption is not associated with the risk of developing pancreatic cancer or prostate cancer. The link between green tea consumption and stomach cancer risk is unclear due to inconsistent evidence.

text: Daily consumption of black tea (but not green tea) has been associated with a significant reduction in death from all cancers. There is limited evidence to suggest that green tea consumption may be associated with a slightly lower risk of

text: esophageal cancer

text: in the Chinese population, a lower risk of

text: lung cancer

text: in women, and a lower risk of

text: oral cancer

text: in Asian people. A 2015 meta-analysis of nine prospective cohort studies concluded that a high amount of green tea consumption may be associated with a lower risk of

text: liver cancer

text: in Asian women. This association was not seen in Asian men or when one cup of green tea was consumed daily. Similarly, another analysis of observational data conducted in 2012 suggested that green tea consumption may have a favorable effect on lung cancer risk. The observed effect was strongest in those who consumed more than seven cups of green tea daily. A 2011 meta-analysis of epidemiological studies found limited evidence that green tea consumption may be associated with a moderately reduced risk of

text: liver cancer

text: in Chinese and Japanese people. Limited evidence suggests that green tea consumption is not associated with the risk of developing

text: pancreatic cancer

text: or

text: prostate cancer

text: . The link between green tea consumption and

text: stomach cancer

text: risk is unclear due to inconsistent evidence.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a significant reduction in death from all cancers

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high amount of green tea consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a significant reduction in death from all cancers.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: reduction in death from all cancers.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Chinese population,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Daily consumption of black tea

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: death from all cancers.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Daily consumption of black tea (but not green tea)

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Daily consumption of black tea

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Daily consumption of black tea (but not green tea)

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a high amount of green tea consumption

text: Baker graduated from Swarthmore College (B.A., 1981), the University of Denver (M.A., 1983), and the University of Michigan (Ph.D., 1988). Baker wrote his thesis on consumption theory. He argues that analyzing consumption requires categorizing objects, which cannot be done using only physical characteristics. The words for objects must be used, such as chair. These words imply socially understood uses, which define the object: a chair is used to sit on. Individuals have preferences over these uses of objects. That is at odds with consumption theory, which makes no assumptions about how individuals derive utility from objects. Baker also argues that objects' use values change with their social context, rejecting consumption theory's claim that consumption is private, and not influenced by society.

text: Baker graduated from

text: Swarthmore College

text: (B.A., 1981), the

text: University of Denver

text: (M.A., 1983), and the

text: University of Michigan

text: (Ph.D., 1988). Baker wrote his thesis on consumption theory. He argues that analyzing

text: consumption

text: requires categorizing objects, which cannot be done using only physical characteristics. The words for objects must be used, such as chair. These words imply socially understood uses, which define the object: a chair is used to sit on. Individuals have preferences over these uses of objects. That is at odds with consumption theory, which makes no assumptions about how individuals derive utility from objects. Baker also argues that objects'

text: use value

text: s change with their social context, rejecting consumption theory's claim that consumption is private, and not influenced by society.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: how individuals derive utility from objects

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption theory.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Baker graduated from Swarthmore College (B.A., 1981),

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Denver

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Baker graduated from Swarthmore College (B.A., 1981),

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption theory.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Baker graduated from Swarthmore College (B.A., 1981),

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption theory.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption theory.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption theory.

text: By the mid 20th century, the lower Saint Louis River became one of the most heavily polluted waterways in the state. Holling Clancy Holling, in his 1941 book Paddle-to-the-Sea, illustrated the polluted state of the Saint Louis River. By 1975, the river became an Environmental Protection Agency Area of Concern. The Western Lake Superior Sanitary District (WLSSD) was established in 1971 to address serious pollution problems in the lower Saint Louis River Basin. WLSSD's regional wastewater treatment plant began operating in 1978. Within two years, fish populations rebounded and anglers began returning to the river. Through the 1980s and 1990s, additional cleanups took place, but the river remains polluted.  In 2013 the State of Minnesota abruptly pulled out of a project intended to research the mercury problem in the river.    The cooperating agencies including Wisconsin DNR and the Fond du Lac Tribe were not in agreement with the ending of the study.    The level of mercury is so high that strong limitations on consumption of the fish are in effect by the Minnesota Department of Health which for example limit consumption of walleye for a 50-pound child to 1/6 of a pound per month or no more than one pound every six months.    https://www.fish.state.pa.us/images/fisheries/fcs/pcb_fishtech.pdf  http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/fish/eating/genpoprivers.pdf

text: By the mid 20th century, the lower Saint Louis River became one of the most heavily polluted waterways in the state.

text: Holling Clancy Holling

text: , in his 1941 book

text: Paddle-to-the-Sea

text: , illustrated the polluted state of the Saint Louis River. By 1975, the river became an

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: Area of Concern. The Western Lake Superior Sanitary District (WLSSD) was established in 1971 to address serious pollution problems in the lower Saint Louis River Basin. WLSSD's regional wastewater treatment plant began operating in 1978. Within two years, fish populations rebounded and anglers began returning to the river. Through the 1980s and 1990s, additional cleanups took place, but the river remains polluted.  In 2013 the State of Minnesota abruptly pulled out of a project intended to research the mercury problem in the river.    The cooperating agencies including Wisconsin DNR and the Fond du Lac Tribe were not in agreement with the ending of the study.    The level of mercury is so high that strong limitations on consumption of the fish are in effect by the Minnesota Department of Health which for example limit consumption of walleye for a 50-pound child to 1/6 of a pound per month or no more than one pound every six months.    https://www.fish.state.pa.us/images/fisheries/fcs/pcb_fishtech.pdf  http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/fish/eating/genpoprivers.pdf

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The Western Lake Superior Sanitary District (WLSSD) was established in 1971

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Fond du Lac

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: How many people do not have enough clean water for drinking?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the lower Saint Louis River became one of the most heavily polluted waterways in the state

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What basic human necessities are food, clean water, secure shelter and basic sanitation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: no more than one pound every six months

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: fish populations rebounded and anglers began returning to the river.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: fish populations rebounded

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Fond du Lac Tribe

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answers: The Western Lake Superior Sanitary District

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answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: lower Saint Louis River became one of the most heavily polluted waterways

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Western Lake Superior Sanitary District

answers: NDQ_005480

text: Robert Hall was the first to derive the effects of rational expectations for consumption. His theory states that if Milton Friedman’s permanent-income hypothesis is correct, which in short says current income should be viewed as the sum of permanent income and transitory income and that consumption depends primarily on permanent income. Hall’s theory says that if that’s true and if consumers have rational expectations then any changes in consumption should be unpredictable i.e. follow a random walk. Hall’s thoughts were: According to the permanent-income hypothesis consumers deal with shifting income and try to smooth their consumption over time. At any given moment a consumer selects their consumption based on their current expectations of their lifetime income. Throughout their life consumers modify their consumption because they receive new information that makes them adjust their expectations. For example, a consumer receives an unexpected promotion at work increases consumption. Whereas a consumer that is unexpectedly fired or demoted will decrease consumption. So changes in consumption reflect “surprises” about lifetime income. If consumers are optimally using all available information, then they should be surprised only by events that were completely unpredictable. Therefore, consumer’s changes in consumption should be unpredictable as well.

text: Robert Hall was the first to derive the effects of rational expectations for consumption. His theory states that if Milton Friedman’s

text: permanent-income hypothesis is correct

text: , which in short says current income should be viewed as the sum of permanent income and transitory income and that consumption depends primarily on permanent income. Hall’s theory says that if that’s true and if consumers have rational expectations then any changes in consumption should be unpredictable i.e. follow a random walk. Hall’s thoughts were: According to the permanent-income hypothesis consumers deal with shifting income and try to smooth their consumption over time. At any given moment a consumer selects their consumption based on their current expectations of their lifetime income. Throughout their life consumers modify their consumption because they receive new information that makes them adjust their expectations. For example, a consumer receives an unexpected promotion at work increases consumption. Whereas a consumer that is unexpectedly fired or demoted will decrease consumption. So changes in consumption reflect “surprises” about lifetime income. If consumers are optimally using all available information, then they should be surprised only by events that were completely unpredictable. Therefore, consumer’s changes in consumption should be unpredictable as well.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption depends primarily on permanent income

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a consumer receiving an unexpected promotion at work increases consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Robert Hall was the first to derive the effects of rational expectations for consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Robert Hall was the first to derive the effects of rational expectations for consumption.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Robert Hall was the first to derive the effects of rational expectations for consumption.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Robert Hall

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Robert Hall was the first to derive the effects of rational expectations for consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unexpectedly fired or demoted

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Robert Hall was the first to derive the effects of rational expectations for consumption.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increases consumption.

text: Both sides of the Football War suffered extensive casualties. Some 300,000 Salvadorans were displaced, many had been forcibly exiled or had fled from war-torn Honduras, only to enter an El Salvador in which the government was not welcoming. Most of these refugees were forced to provide for themselves with very little assistance. Over the next few years, more Salvadorans returned to their native land, where they encountered overpopulation and extreme poverty.

text: Both sides of the Football War suffered extensive casualties. Some 300,000 Salvadorans were displaced, many had been forcibly exiled or had fled from war-torn Honduras, only to enter an El Salvador in which the government was not welcoming. Most of these refugees were forced to provide for themselves with very little assistance. Over the next few years, more Salvadorans returned to their native land, where they encountered overpopulation and extreme poverty.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: El Salvador

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation and extreme poverty.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: El Salvador

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation and extreme poverty.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation and extreme poverty.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation and extreme poverty.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation and extreme poverty.

text: The definition proposed by the 1994 Oslo Symposium on Sustainable Consumption defines it as "the use of services and related products which respond to basic needs and bring a better quality of life while minimizing the use of natural resources and toxic materials as well as emissions of waste and pollutants over the life cycle of the service or product so as not to jeopardize the needs of future generations."

text: The definition proposed by the 1994 Oslo Symposium on Sustainable Consumption defines it as "the use of services and related products which respond to basic needs and bring a better quality of life while minimizing the use of natural resources and toxic materials as well as emissions of waste and pollutants over the life cycle of the service or product so as not to jeopardize the needs of future generations."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: not enough information

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: sustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: better quality of life

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The definition proposed by the 1994 Oslo Symposium on Sustainable Consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The definition proposed by the 1994 Oslo Symposium on Sustainable Consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The definition proposed by the 1994 Oslo Symposium on Sustainable Consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: emissions of waste and pollutants

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Sustainable Consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: emissions of waste and pollutants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Sustainable Consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: minimizing the use of natural resources and toxic materials

text: Beside the loss of food grain, very sizable losses in the production of fruits and vegetables are also expected. The land produces around 9,000 tonnes of vegetables, and over 11,000 tonnes of various fruits. Farmers of Manesar fear it will be lost. Industrialists say that when Present IMT is in extreme bad shape and half empty then why Government is showing hurry in acquiring this land.

text: Beside the loss of food grain, very sizable losses in the production of

text: fruits

text: and

text: vegetables

text: are also expected. The land produces around 9,000 tonnes of vegetables, and over 11,000 tonnes of various fruits. Farmers of Manesar fear it will be lost. Industrialists say that when Present IMT is in extreme bad shape and half empty then why Government is showing hurry in acquiring this land.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: loss of food grain

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Manesar

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food grain

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: loss of food grain,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Beside the loss of food grain,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Manesar

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: very sizable losses in the production of fruits and vegetables are also expected.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food grain,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 9,000 tonnes of vegetables, and over 11,000 tonnes of various fruits.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: loss of food grain,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: fruits and vegetables

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: food grain,

text: Chiradzulu Mountain was for a long time home to a variety of wildlife, including lions, hyenas, foxes, jackals, baboons, monkeys, antelope, wild pigs, and the fabled leopards.  Due to overpopulation and poor wildlife conservation practices, some of these species, especially the big cats, have disappeared from the mountain or are at near-extinction levels.  There is no doubt that even the potent "gondolosi" and "kajaliasi" herbs have now been over-consumed to extinction!

text: Chiradzulu Mountain was for a long time home to a variety of wildlife, including lions, hyenas, foxes, jackals, baboons, monkeys, antelope, wild pigs, and the fabled leopards.  Due to overpopulation and poor wildlife conservation practices, some of these species, especially the big cats, have disappeared from the mountain or are at near-extinction levels.  There is no doubt that even the potent "gondolosi" and "kajaliasi" herbs have now been over-consumed to extinction!

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Chiradzulu

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: extinction

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over-consumed to extinction!

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation and poor wildlife conservation practices,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Chiradzulu Mountain

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation and poor wildlife conservation practices,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: extinction!

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation and poor wildlife conservation practices,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: poor wildlife conservation practices,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: extinction!

text: The distinction among private, public and positional goods brings different rules for deriving total demand. In a diagrammatic view,  total demand of a private good is the horizontal sum of individual demands. For a public good, instead, total demand is the Samuelsonian vertical summation of individual demands. Finally, for positional goods, the optimal level of consumption does not coincide, as it does in the case of private goods, with the intersection of any individual marginal rate of substitution curve with the marginal cost curve since an externality emerges for the consumption of other. Thus, we should first calculate the total marginal rate of substitution and, consequently, findthe intersection with the marginal cost curve. As in the case of public goods, the total marginal rate of substitution is calculated by the summation of individual marginal rates of substitution. But in the case of positional goods, one marginal rate of substitution is subtracted since there is negative consumption. Therefore, the total marginal rate of substitution is the difference between the two individual marginal rates of substitution.

text: The distinction among private, public and positional goods brings different rules for deriving total demand. In a diagrammatic view,  total demand of a private good is the horizontal sum of individual demands. For a public good, instead, total demand is the Samuelsonian vertical summation of individual demands. Finally, for positional goods, the optimal level of consumption does not coincide, as it does in the case of private goods, with the intersection of any individual marginal rate of substitution curve with the marginal cost curve since an externality emerges for the consumption of other. Thus, we should first calculate the total marginal rate of substitution and, consequently, findthe intersection with the marginal cost curve. As in the case of public goods, the total marginal rate of substitution is calculated by the summation of individual marginal rates of substitution. But in the case of positional goods, one marginal rate of substitution is subtracted since there is negative consumption. Therefore, the total marginal rate of substitution is the difference between the two individual marginal rates of substitution.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: public goods

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: public goods

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: negative consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: negative consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: different rules for deriving total demand.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The distinction among private, public and positional goods

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: positional goods

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The distinction among private, public and positional goods

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: marginal cost curve

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: demand.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: externality emerges for the consumption of other.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The distinction among private, public and positional goods

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: negative consumption.

text: The I=PAT equation has been criticized for being too simplistic by assuming that P, A, and T are independent of each other.  In reality, at least 7 interdependencies between P, A, and T could exist, indicating that it is more correct to rewrite the equation as I = f(P,A,T). For example, a doubling of technological efficiency, or equivalently a reduction of the T-factor by 50%, does not necessarily reduce the environmental impact (I) by 50% if efficiency induced price reductions stimulate additional consumption of the resource that was supposed to be conserved, a phenomenon called the rebound effect (conservation) or Jevons Paradox.  As was shown by Alcott, despite significant improvements in the carbon intensity of GDP (i.e., the efficiency in carbon use) since 1980, world fossil energy consumption has increased in line with economic and population growth. Similarly, an extensive historical analysis of technological efficiency improvements has conclusively shown that energy and materials use efficiency improvements were almost always outpaced by economic growth, resulting in a net increase in resource use and associated pollution.

text: The I=PAT equation has been criticized for being too simplistic by assuming that P, A, and T are independent of each other.  In reality, at least 7 interdependencies between P, A, and T could exist, indicating that it is more correct to rewrite the equation as I = f(P,A,T). For example, a doubling of technological efficiency, or equivalently a reduction of the T-factor by 50%, does not necessarily reduce the environmental impact (I) by 50% if efficiency induced price reductions stimulate additional consumption of the resource that was supposed to be conserved, a phenomenon called the

text: rebound effect (conservation)

text: or

text: Jevons Paradox

text: .  As was shown by Alcott, despite significant improvements in the carbon intensity of GDP (i.e., the efficiency in carbon use) since 1980, world fossil energy consumption has increased in line with economic and population growth. Similarly, an extensive historical analysis of technological efficiency improvements has conclusively shown that energy and materials use efficiency improvements were almost always outpaced by economic growth, resulting in a net increase in resource use and associated pollution.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a net increase in resource use

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: world

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: associated pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: world fossil energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: efficiency induced price reductions

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a net increase in resource use and associated pollution.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: world fossil energy consumption has increased in line with economic and population growth.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: world fossil energy consumption has increased in line with economic and population growth.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 7 interdependencies

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: world fossil energy consumption has increased in line with economic and population growth.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: world fossil energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 7 interdependencies

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution.

text: Resource depletion is the consumption of a resource faster than it can be replenished. Natural resources are commonly divided between renewable resources and non-renewable resources (see also mineral resource classification). Use of either of these forms of resources beyond their rate of replacement is considered to be resource depletion.

text: Resource depletion is the consumption of a resource faster than it can be replenished.

text: Natural resource

text: s are commonly divided between

text: renewable resource

text: s and

text: non-renewable resource

text: s (see also

text: mineral resource classification

text: ). Use of either of these forms of resources beyond their rate of replacement is considered to be resource depletion.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewable resources

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewable resources and non-renewable resources

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Resource depletion

text: In 2010, the International Resource Panel, hosted by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), published the first global scientific assessment on the impacts of consumption and production and identified priority actions for developed and developing countries. The study found that the most critical impacts are related to ecosystem health, human health and resource depletion. From a production perspective, it found that fossil-fuel combustion processes, agriculture and fisheries have the most important impacts. Meanwhile, from a final consumption perspective, it found that household consumption related to mobility, shelter, food and energy-using products cause the majority of life-cycle impacts of consumption.

text: In 2010, the

text: International Resource Panel

text: , hosted by the

text: United Nations Environment Programme

text: (UNEP), published the first global scientific assessment on the impacts of consumption and production and identified priority actions for developed and developing countries. The study found that the most critical impacts are related to

text: ecosystem

text: health, human health and

text: resource depletion

text: . From a production perspective, it found that fossil-fuel combustion processes, agriculture and

text: fisheries

text: have the most important impacts. Meanwhile, from a final

text: consumption

text: perspective, it found that household consumption related to mobility, shelter,

text: food

text: and energy-using products cause the majority of

text: life-cycle

text: impacts of consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

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answers: developing countries

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answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: fossil-fuel combustion processes, agriculture and fisheries have the most important impacts

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fossil-fuel combustion processes

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: life-cycle impacts of consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: ecosystem health, human health and resource depletion.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: developed and developing countries.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In 2010, the International Resource Panel, hosted by the United Nations Environment Programme

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: resource depletion.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: fossil-fuel combustion processes, agriculture and fisheries

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fossil-fuel combustion processes,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: mobility, shelter, food and energy-using products

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: life-cycle impacts of consumption.

text: The Green Revolution has been criticized for an agricultural model which relied on a few staple and market profitable crops, and pursing a model which limited the biodiversity of Mexico. One of the critics against these techniques  and the Green Revolution as a whole was Carl O. Sauer, a geography professor at the University of California, Berkeley. According to Sauer these techniques of plant breeding would result in negative effects on the country's resources, and the culture:

text: The Green Revolution has been criticized for an agricultural model which relied on a few staple and market profitable crops, and pursing a model which limited the biodiversity of Mexico. One of the critics against these techniques  and the Green Revolution as a whole was

text: Carl O. Sauer

text: , a geography professor at the

text: University of California, Berkeley

text: . According to Sauer these techniques of plant breeding would result in negative effects on the country's resources, and the culture:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: negative effects

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Mexico

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: limited the biodiversity of Mexico

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answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: negative effects on the country's resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: negative effects on the country's resources, and the culture:

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Mexico.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Green Revolution

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answers: biodiversity of Mexico.

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answers: limited the biodiversity of Mexico.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: plant breeding

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answers: The Green Revolution

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answers: negative effects on the country's resources,

text: The serotonin receptor agonist mCPP has a signiﬁcant affinity for 5-HT receptors. mCPP patients experience multiple side effects due to non-selectivity over 5-HT and 5-HT receptors. The absence of the hypophagic (reduced food consumption) effect of mCPP in 5-HT receptor knockout mice suggests that this effect is mediated through 5-HT receptor activation. Repeated administration of mCPP to humans might result in decreased food intake and weight loss. mCPP is used as a prototype research tool for drug discovery of selective 5-HT receptor agonists.

text: The serotonin receptor agonist

text: mCPP

text: has a signiﬁcant affinity for 5-HT receptors. mCPP patients experience multiple side effects due to non-selectivity over 5-HT and 5-HT receptors. The absence of the hypophagic (reduced food consumption) effect of mCPP in 5-HT receptor knockout mice suggests that this effect is mediated through 5-HT receptor activation. Repeated administration of mCPP to humans might result in decreased food intake and weight loss. mCPP is used as a prototype research tool for drug discovery of selective 5-HT receptor agonists.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: mcppp

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answers: Southeast Asia

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answers: carbon dioxide

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answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: weight loss.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The serotonin receptor agonist mCPP

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answers: The serotonin receptor agonist mCPP

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answers: The serotonin receptor agonist mCPP

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answers: mCPP

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: (reduced food consumption)

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: non-selectivity over 5-HT and 5-HT receptors.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The serotonin receptor agonist mCPP

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: food consumption)

text: Bartlett regarded overpopulation as "The Greatest Challenge" facing humanity, and promoted sustainable living. He opposed the cornucopian school of thought (as advocated by people such as Julian Lincoln Simon), and referred to it as "The New Flat Earth Society"

text: Bartlett regarded

text: overpopulation

text: as "The Greatest Challenge" facing humanity, and promoted

text: sustainable living

text: . He opposed the

text: cornucopian

text: school of thought (as advocated by people such as

text: Julian Lincoln Simon

text: ), and referred to it as "The New Flat Earth Society"

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

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answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

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answers: no

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answers: overpopulation

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answers: overpopulation

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answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: unanswerable

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answers: overpopulation

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answers: sustainable living.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: sustainable living.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

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answers: Bartlett regarded overpopulation

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answers: overpopulation

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answers: overpopulation

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answers: overpopulation

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answers: sustainable living.

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answers: overpopulation

text: The exploitation of natural resources is the use of natural resources for economic growth, sometimes with a negative connotation of accompanying environmental degradation. It started to emerge on an industrial scale in the 19th century as the extraction and processing of raw materials (such as in mining, steam power, and machinery) developed much further than it had in preindustrial eras. During the 20th century, energy consumption rapidly increased. Today, about 80% of the world’s energy consumption is sustained by the extraction of fossil fuels, which consists of oil, coal and gas. Another non-renewable resource that is exploited by humans is subsoil minerals such as precious metals that are mainly used in the production of industrial commodities. Intensive agriculture is an example of a mode of production that hinders many aspects of the natural environment, for example the degradation of forests in a terrestrial ecosystem and water pollution in an aquatic ecosystem. As the world population rises and economic growth occurs, the depletion of natural resources influenced by the unsustainable extraction of raw materials becomes an increasing concern.

text: The exploitation of natural resources is the use of

text: natural resource

text: s for

text: economic growth

text: , sometimes with a

text: negative connotation

text: of accompanying

text: environmental degradation

text: . It started to emerge on an

text: industrial

text: scale in the 19th century as the extraction and processing of

text: raw material

text: s (such as in

text: mining

text: steam power

text: , and

text: machinery

text: ) developed much further than it had in preindustrial eras. During the 20th century,

text: energy

text: consumption rapidly increased. Today, about 80% of the

text: world’s energy consumption

text: is sustained by the extraction of

text: fossil fuel

text: s, which consists of

text: oil

text: coal

text: and

text: gas

text: . Another

text: non-renewable resource

text: that is exploited by humans is

text: subsoil minerals

text: such as

text: precious metal

text: s that are mainly used in the production of industrial

text: commodities

text: Intensive agriculture

text: is an example of a mode of production that hinders many aspects of the

text: natural environment

text: , for example the degradation of

text: forest

text: s in a

text: terrestrial ecosystem

text: and

text: water pollution

text: in an

text: aquatic ecosystem

text: . As the

text: world population

text: rises and

text: economic growth

text: occurs, the

text: depletion of natural resources

text: influenced by the unsustainable extraction of

text: raw materials

text: becomes an increasing concern.

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answers: unanswerable

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answers: no

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answers: As the world population rises

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answers: unanswerable

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answers: water pollution

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answers: the depletion of natural resources

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answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption rapidly increased

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental degradation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: world population rises and economic growth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: world population rises and economic growth

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Intensive agriculture

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental degradation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: degradation of forests in a terrestrial ecosystem and water pollution in an aquatic ecosystem.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The exploitation of natural resources

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: environmental degradation.

text: In ecosystems, the amount of available resources and the extent to which those resources are used by organisms determines the effects of additional species on the ecosystem. In stable ecosystems, equilibrium exists in the use of available resources. These mechanisms describe a situation in which the ecosystem has suffered a disturbance, which changes the fundamental nature of the ecosystem.

text: In

text: ecosystem

text: s, the amount of available resources and the extent to which those resources are used by organisms determines the effects of additional species on the ecosystem. In stable ecosystems, equilibrium exists in the use of available resources. These mechanisms describe a situation in which the ecosystem has suffered a disturbance, which changes the fundamental nature of the ecosystem.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: stable ecosystems

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answers: Africa

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answers: CO2

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answers: changes the fundamental nature of the ecosystem

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answers: a disturbance

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answers: what are basic human necessities

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answers: the extent to which those resources are used

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answers: changes the fundamental nature of the ecosystem.

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answers: In ecosystems,

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answers: ecosystems,

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answers: In ecosystems,

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answers: In ecosystems,

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answers: species

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answers: disturbance,

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answers: In ecosystems,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a situation in which the ecosystem has suffered a disturbance,

text: Outbreaks of canine distemper continue to occur throughout the United States and elsewhere, and are caused by many factors. These factors include the overpopulation of dogs and the irresponsibility of pet owners. The overpopulation of dogs is a national problem that organizations such as the Humane Society and ASPCA face every day. This problem is even greater within areas such as Arizona, owing to the vast amount of rural land. An unaccountable number of strays that lack vaccinations reside in these areas and are therefore more susceptible to diseases such as canine distemper. These strays act as a host for the virus, spreading it throughout the surrounding area, including urban areas. Puppies and dogs that have not received their shots can then be infected if in a place where many dogs interact, such as a dog park.

text: Outbreaks of canine distemper continue to occur throughout the United States and elsewhere, and are caused by many factors. These factors include the overpopulation of dogs and the irresponsibility of pet owners. The overpopulation of dogs is a national problem that organizations such as the Humane Society and

entity_name: American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals

text: ASPCA

text: face every day. This problem is even greater within areas such as Arizona, owing to the vast amount of rural land. An unaccountable number of strays that lack vaccinations reside in these areas and are therefore more susceptible to diseases such as canine distemper. These strays act as a host for the virus, spreading it throughout the surrounding area, including urban areas. Puppies and dogs that have not received their shots can then be infected if in a place where many dogs interact, such as a dog park.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Arizona

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answers: no

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answers: no

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answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation of dogs

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Outbreaks of canine distemper

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Arizona,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation of dogs and the irresponsibility of pet owners.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Outbreaks of canine distemper

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answers: overpopulation of dogs

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation of dogs and the irresponsibility of pet owners.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation of dogs and the irresponsibility of pet owners.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation of dogs

text: where the summation terms is contributions to growth from consumption over all j focal species. The system of equations describes a model of trophic interactions between three sets of species: focal species, their resources, and their predators.

text: where the summation terms is contributions to growth from consumption over all j focal species. The system of equations describes a model of trophic interactions between three sets of species: focal species, their resources, and their predators.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in global warming

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answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

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answers: carbon dioxide

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answers: agriculture brought about the green revolution

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answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption over all j focal species

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answers: growth from consumption over all j focal species.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: j focal species.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: j focal species.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: j focal species.

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answers: contributions to growth from consumption over all j focal species.

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answers: growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: j focal species.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: contributions to growth from consumption over all j focal species.

text: By the 1970s, new problems such as overpopulation, limited natural resources and pollution that couldn't be solved by normal hierarchical systems had arrived. Jay Forrester stated that he knew how to solve this problem. He applied systems theory to the problem and drew a cybernetic system diagram for the world. This was turned into a computer model, which predicted population collapse. This became the basis of the model that was used by the Club of Rome, and the findings from this were published in The Limits to Growth. Forrester then argued for zero growth in order to maintain a steady equilibrium within the capacity of the Earth.

text: By the 1970s, new problems such as

text: overpopulation

text: , limited natural resources and pollution that couldn't be solved by normal hierarchical systems had arrived.

text: Jay Forrester

text: stated that he knew how to solve this problem. He applied systems theory to the problem and drew a cybernetic system diagram for the world. This was turned into a computer model, which predicted

text: population collapse

text: . This became the basis of the model that was used by the

text: Club of Rome

text: , and the findings from this were published in

text: The Limits to Growth

text: . Forrester then argued for

text: zero growth

text: in order to maintain a steady equilibrium within the capacity of the Earth.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

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answers: overpopulation

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answers: no

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answers: pollution

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answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

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answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: zero growth

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answers: By the 1970s,

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answers: overpopulation,

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answers: overpopulation,

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answers: pollution

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answers: overpopulation,

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answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation, limited natural resources

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: Y (Income), C (Consumption), G (Government Expenditures), T (Taxes), YD (Disposable Income), ΔH (Changes in stock of money) and θ is the tax rate on the income of household sector.α is the household consumption out of disposable income.α is the household consumption out of previous wealth.

text: Y (Income), C (Consumption), G (Government Expenditures), T (Taxes), YD (Disposable Income), ΔH (Changes in stock of money) and θ is the tax rate on the income of household sector.α is the household consumption out of disposable income.α is the household consumption out of previous wealth.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: YD

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Y

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: YD

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Y

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answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Y

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: C

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: household consumption out of disposable income

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: H (Changes in stock of money)

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: YD (Disposable Income),

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answers: YD

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answers: YD (Disposable Income),

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answers: YD (Disposable Income),

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Y (Income), C (Consumption),

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: (Government Expenditures),

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: YD (Disposable Income),

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the household consumption out of disposable income.

text: Over-consumption

text: Over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The percentage of people in the world that live in poverty is decreasing.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the world is over-consuming

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Over-consumption

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answers: Over-consumption

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answers: Over-consumption

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answers: Over-consumption

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answers: Over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Over-consumption

text: Measures of resource consumption are resource intensity and resource efficiency. Industrialization and globalized markets have increased the tendency for overconsumption of resources. The resource consumption rate of a nation does not usually correspond with the primary resource availabilty, this is called resource curse.

text: Measures of resource consumption are

text: resource intensity

text: and

text: resource efficiency

text: Industrialization

text: and

text: globalized

text: markets

text: have increased the tendency for

text: overconsumption

text: of resources. The resource consumption rate of a nation does not usually correspond with the primary resource availabilty, this is called

text: resource curse

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Industrialization and globalized markets

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overconsumption of resources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Industrialization and globalized markets

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Industrialization and globalized markets

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resource curse.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Industrialization and globalized markets

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Industrialization

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Industrialization and globalized markets

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Industrialization and globalized markets

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: resources.

text: The group's fifth album Chemically Imbalanced was released in November 2006.  For this album the Twins collaborated with producers Wyclef Jean and Keith Duplessis in addition to Mr. Collipark, who produced a majority of the songs on the group's previous album. The first two singles were the Hall & Oates-sampling "Dangerous", featuring Wyclef Jean, and "Jigglin'". In 2008, the Twins released the mixtape The Official Work and a promo single titled "Drop". A highlight of the Ying Yang Twins' tour includes a visit to the Epsilon MU Chapter of Sigma Chi. Here they performed all their hits live in front of a sold out Texas crowd. All of the proceeds from the show went to charity. In 2009, the Twins released their latest album with Deep Records, Ying Yang Forever, and started a tour titled "Ying Yang Forever Tour".

text: The group's fifth album

entity_name: Chemically Imbalanced (Ying Yang Twins album)

text: Chemically Imbalanced

text: was released in November 2006.  For this album the Twins collaborated with producers

text: Wyclef Jean

text: and Keith Duplessis in addition to

text: Mr. Collipark

text: , who produced a majority of the songs on the group's previous album. The first two singles were the

text: Hall & Oates

text: -sampling "

text: Dangerous

text: ", featuring

text: Wyclef Jean

text: , and "Jigglin'". In 2008, the Twins released the mixtape

text: The Official Work

text: and a promo single titled "Drop". A highlight of the Ying Yang Twins' tour includes a visit to the Epsilon MU Chapter of

text: Sigma Chi

text: . Here they performed all their hits live in front of a sold out Texas crowd. All of the proceeds from the show went to charity. In 2009, the Twins released their latest album with Deep Records,

text: Ying Yang Forever

text: , and started a tour titled "Ying Yang Forever Tour".

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Chemically Imbalanced

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Texas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Ying Yang Forever Tour

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: "Ying Yang Forever Tour".

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2006.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Texas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "Ying Yang Forever Tour".

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Chemically Imbalanced was released in November 2006.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 2006.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Chemically Imbalanced

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answers: Ying Yang Forever,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a majority of the songs

text: Quantifying the relationship between building reflectivity and CO2 emission could recover the effects of UHI on energy consumption and air pollution; it provides the intuitionistic results to policy makers, in order to pursue the policy development and the application of UHI mitigation solutions.

text: Quantifying the relationship between building reflectivity and

text: CO2 emission

text: could recover the effects of UHI on

text: energy consumption

text: and

text: air pollution

text: ; it provides the intuitionistic results to policy makers, in order to pursue the policy development and the application of UHI mitigation solutions.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: CO2 emission

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: energy consumption and air pollution;

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Quantifying the relationship between building reflectivity and CO2 emission

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: UHI

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Quantifying the relationship between building reflectivity and CO2 emission

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution;

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: CO2 emission could recover the effects of UHI

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: UHI on energy consumption and air pollution;

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Quantifying the relationship between building reflectivity

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: UHI

text: To the extent that taxing something results in less of it (whether income or consumption), taxing consumption instead of income should encourage both work and capital formation, which will increase economic growth, while discouraging consumption.  Secondly, the tax base will be larger because all consumption will be taxed.

text: To the extent that taxing something results in less of it (whether income or consumption), taxing consumption instead of income should encourage both work and capital formation, which will increase economic growth, while discouraging consumption.  Secondly, the tax base will be larger because all consumption will be taxed.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: taxing consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: taxing consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: taxing consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: economic growth,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: economic growth,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: taxing consumption instead of income

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: taxing

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption.

text: The population has grown, and this is causing more poverty because the country's cities are becoming over crowded. Over the last few years Peru is showing a little improvement with the social welfare system and the consumption poverty rates. The social welfare system is reaching more out to the poor because the government is receiving more funding. The consumption poverty rates are slightly lower from 19% to 15%, but there are still millions of Peruvians suffering from severe poverty.

text: The population has grown, and this is causing more poverty because the country's cities are becoming over crowded. Over the last few years Peru is showing a little improvement with the social welfare system and the

text: consumption

text: poverty rates. The social welfare system is reaching more out to the poor because the government is receiving more funding. The consumption poverty rates are slightly lower from 19% to 15%, but there are still millions of Peruvians suffering from severe poverty.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Peru

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: poverty

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: poverty

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 19% to 15%,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Peru

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Peru

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: poverty

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The population has grown,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The population has grown,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Peru

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: poverty

text: As world population doubled from 3 billion to 6 billion, daily calorie consumption in poor countries increased from 1,932 to 2,650, and the percentage of people in those countries who were malnourished fell from 45% to 18%. This suggests that Third World poverty and famine are caused by underdevelopment, not overpopulation. However, others question these statistics. From 1950 to 1984, as the Green Revolution transformed agriculture around the world, grain production increased by over 250%. The world population has grown by about four billion since the beginning of the Green Revolution and most believe that, without the Revolution, there would be greater famine and malnutrition than the UN presently documents.

text: As world population doubled from 3 billion to 6 billion, daily

text: calorie

text: consumption in poor countries increased from 1,932 to 2,650, and the percentage of people in those countries who were malnourished fell from 45% to 18%. This suggests that Third World poverty and famine are caused by underdevelopment, not overpopulation. However, others question these statistics. From 1950 to 1984, as the

text: Green Revolution

text: transformed agriculture around the world, grain production increased by over 250%. The world population has grown by about four billion since the beginning of the Green Revolution and most believe that, without the Revolution, there would be greater

text: famine

text: and

text: malnutrition

text: than the UN presently documents.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: grain production increased

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Third World

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: grain production increased by over 250%

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: grain production increased by over 250%.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 45% to 18%.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Third World

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: daily calorie consumption in poor countries increased from 1,932 to 2,650,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: daily calorie consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: grain production increased by over 250%.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: underdevelopment, not overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: daily calorie consumption in poor countries increased from 1,932 to 2,650,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: Since not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources, it is common for one person's light "pollution" to be light that is desirable for another. One example of this is found in advertising, when an advertiser wishes for particular lights to be bright and visible, even though others find them annoying. Other types of light pollution are more certain. For instance, light that accidentally crosses a property boundary and annoys a neighbor is generally wasted and pollutive light.

text: Since not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources, it is common for one person's light "pollution" to be light that is desirable for another. One example of this is found in advertising, when an advertiser wishes for particular lights to be bright and visible, even though others find them annoying. Other types of light pollution are more certain. For instance, light that accidentally crosses a property boundary and annoys a neighbor is generally wasted and pollutive light.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: light pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: light pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Since not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Since not everyone is irritated by the same lighting

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Since not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: light pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Since not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Since not everyone is irritated by the same lighting sources,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "pollution"

text: Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss arising from the deriving force of human overpopulation.

text: Its natural

text: habitat

text: s are subtropical or tropical moist lowland

text: forest

text: s and subtropical or tropical moist

text: montane forest

text: s. It is threatened by

text: habitat loss

text: arising from the deriving force of human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: habitat loss

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human

text: The Gene Revolution refers to a phase following the Green Revolution during which agricultural biotechnology was heavily implemented.

text: The Gene Revolution refers to a phase following the Green Revolution during which agricultural biotechnology was heavily implemented.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: agricultural biotechnology

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the gene revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: agricultural biotechnology

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: agricultural biotechnology was heavily implemented.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Gene Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The Gene Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Gene Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The Gene Revolution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The Gene Revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: agricultural biotechnology

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Gene Revolution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The Gene Revolution

text: Many economists and tax experts favor consumption taxes over income taxes for economic growth.

text: Many economists and tax experts favor consumption taxes over income taxes for

text: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption taxes

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption taxes

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive consumption of goods and services

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Many economists and tax experts favor consumption taxes over income taxes for economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Many economists and tax experts favor consumption taxes over income taxes for economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Many economists and tax experts favor consumption taxes over income taxes for economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Many economists and tax experts favor consumption taxes over income taxes

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption taxes over income taxes

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Many economists and tax experts favor consumption taxes over income taxes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption taxes over income taxes for economic growth.

text: The M42 scheme was initially run as an experiment and a Highways Agency report into the first six months of the scheme showed a reduction in variability journey times of up to 27%.  The journey time statistics can be broken down to show that northbound journey times were reduced by 26%, equating to an average reduction of 4 minute as compared to the period when the variable speed limits were on but the hard shoulder was not being used and 9% southbound (equating to 1 minute) during the afternoon rush hour. The report also indicated a fall in the number of accidents from over 5 a month to 1.5 per month on average. The Agency did state that normally accident statistics should be compared over a 3-year period, so the initial results should be treated with caution.  They also stated that no accidents had been caused by hard shoulder use as a normal lane. The report also stated that there had been a 10% fall in pollution and 4% fall in fuel consumption.  The report also indicated a compliance rate of 98% to the indicated speed limits when using the hard shoulder.  For comparison before the introduction of mandatory speed limits at road works, the compliance rate was 10% as opposed to 89% afterwards, showing a similar effect.

text: The M42 scheme was initially run as an experiment and a Highways Agency report into the first six months of the scheme showed a reduction in variability journey times of up to 27%.  The journey time statistics can be broken down to show that northbound journey times were reduced by 26%, equating to an average reduction of 4 minute as compared to the period when the variable speed limits were on but the hard shoulder was not being used and 9% southbound (equating to 1 minute) during the afternoon

text: rush hour

text: . The report also indicated a fall in the number of accidents from over 5 a month to 1.5 per month on average. The Agency did state that normally accident statistics should be compared over a 3-year period, so the initial results should be treated with caution.  They also stated that no accidents had been caused by hard shoulder use as a normal lane. The report also stated that there had been a 10% fall in pollution and 4% fall in fuel consumption.  The report also indicated a compliance rate of 98% to the indicated speed limits when using the hard shoulder.  For comparison before the introduction of mandatory speed limits at road works, the compliance rate was 10% as opposed to 89% afterwards, showing a similar effect.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: rural areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 10% fall in pollution and 4% fall in fuel consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: reduction in variability journey times of up to 27%.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The M42

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: a reduction in variability journey times of up to 27%.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution and 4% fall in fuel consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: mandatory speed limits at road works,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: reduction in variability journey times of up to 27%.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption.

text: The DDD system is most frequently used in academic articles and reports, and as a tool for comparison and control over nationwide total drug consumption. For example, the overall drug consumption of beta blockers can be measured in DDDs and compared between different countries, sexes or other populations.

text: The DDD system is most frequently used in academic articles and reports, and as a tool for comparison and control over nationwide total drug consumption. For example, the overall drug consumption of beta blockers can be measured in DDDs and compared between different countries, sexes or other populations.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: DDDs

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: nationwide total drug consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: drug consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The DDD system

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: countries,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The DDD system

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The DDD system

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The DDD system

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: drug consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The DDD

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: drug consumption.

text: "Amritdharis" that belong to some Sikh sects (e.g. Akhand Kirtani Jatha, Damdami Taksal, Namdhari and Rarionwalay, etc.) are vehemently against the consumption of meat and eggs (though they do consume and encourage the consumption of milk, butter and cheese). This vegetarian stance has been traced back to the times of the British Raj, with the advent of many new Vaishnava converts. In response to the varying views on diet throughout the Sikh population, Sikh Gurus have sought to clarify the Sikh view on diet, stressing their preference only for simplicity of diet. Guru Nanak said that over-consumption of food (Lobh, Greed) involves a drain on the Earth's resources and thus on life. Passages from the Guru Granth Sahib (the holy book of Sikhs, also known as the Adi Granth) say that it is "foolish" to argue for the superiority of animal life, because though all life is related, only human life carries more importance: "Only fools argue whether to eat meat or not. Who can define what is meat and what is not meat? Who knows where the sin lies, being a vegetarian or a non-vegetarian?" The Sikh langar, or free temple meal, is largely lacto-vegetarian, though this is understood to be a result of efforts to present a meal that is respectful of the diets of any person who would wish to dine, rather than out of dogma.

text: "Amritdharis" that belong to some Sikh sects (e.g.

text: Akhand Kirtani Jatha

text: Damdami Taksal

text: Namdhari

text: and Rarionwalay, etc.) are vehemently against the consumption of meat and eggs (though they do consume and encourage the consumption of milk, butter and cheese). This vegetarian stance has been traced back to the times of the

text: British Raj

text: , with the advent of many new

text: Vaishnava

text: converts. In response to the varying views on diet throughout the Sikh population,

text: Sikh Gurus

text: have sought to clarify the Sikh view on diet, stressing their preference only for simplicity of diet.

text: Guru Nanak

text: said that over-consumption of food (

text: Lobh

text: , Greed) involves a drain on the Earth's resources and thus on life. Passages from the

text: Guru Granth Sahib

text: (the holy book of Sikhs, also known as the Adi Granth) say that it is "foolish" to argue for the superiority of animal life, because though all life is related, only human life carries more importance: "Only fools argue whether to eat meat or not. Who can define what is meat and what is not meat? Who knows where the sin lies, being a vegetarian or a non-vegetarian?" The Sikh

text: langar

text: , or free temple meal, is largely lacto-vegetarian, though this is understood to be a result of efforts to present a meal that is respectful of the diets of any person who would wish to dine, rather than out of dogma.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Sikh

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Lobh, Greed

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: lacto-vegetarian,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: only human life carries more importance:

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: British Raj,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: human life carries more importance:

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: over-consumption of food

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: British Raj,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption of food

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Guru Granth Sahib

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: (Lobh, Greed)

text: In addition, the National University of Colombia analyzed possible impacts of a doubling of the carbon dioxide emissions between the years 2050 to 2080 and projects a sea level rise of 2 to 5mm per year. Sea level increases will likely cause saline intrusion into aquifer-based freshwater supplies in insular and coastal areas. Freshwater systems and their biological diversity will be severely affected. Moreover, prognostic modeling of small islands has identified major land loss if no action is taken. For example, in San Andres Island, the first National Communications estimated a loss of 17% of land area, including most of the coastal zone by 2060 (50 cm increase in sea level).

text: In addition, the National University of Colombia analyzed possible impacts of a doubling of the carbon dioxide emissions between the years 2050 to 2080 and projects a sea level rise of 2 to 5mm per year. Sea level increases will likely cause saline intrusion into aquifer-based freshwater supplies in insular and coastal areas. Freshwater systems and their biological diversity will be severely affected. Moreover, prognostic modeling of small islands has identified major land loss if no action is taken. For example, in San Andres Island, the first National Communications estimated a loss of 17% of land area, including most of the coastal zone by 2060 (50 cm increase in sea level).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: San Andres Island

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: doubling of the carbon dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Which of the following is not a basic human necessity?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: carbon dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: doubling of the carbon dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: doubling of the carbon dioxide emissions between the years 2050 to 2080

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Colombia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: doubling of the carbon dioxide emissions between the years 2050 to 2080

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: doubling of the carbon dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: carbon dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: doubling of the carbon dioxide emissions between the years 2050 to 2080

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: doubling of the carbon dioxide emissions

text: Money can be spent to research new technologies that reduce resource consumption and pollution, including solar power, recycling centers and organic farms.

text: Money can be spent to research new technologies that reduce resource consumption and pollution, including solar power, recycling centers and organic farms.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewable energy

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no answe

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive consumption of resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reduce resource consumption and pollution,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: solar power, recycling centers and organic farms.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: solar power, recycling centers and organic farms.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: solar power, recycling centers and organic farms.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: organic farms.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: solar power, recycling centers and organic farms.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution,

text: While this theory has success modeling consumption in the short term, attempts to apply this model over a longer time frame have proven less successful. This has led to the absolute income hypothesis falling out of favor as the consumption model of choice for economists.

text: While this theory has success modeling consumption in the short term, attempts to apply this model over a longer time frame have proven less successful. This has led to the absolute income hypothesis falling out of favor as the consumption model of choice for economists.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The absolute income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: absolute income hypothesis falling out of favor

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: absolute income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: While this theory has success modeling consumption in the short term,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: absolute income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: absolute income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: absolute income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: absolute income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: absolute income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption

text: In accordance with the general context of energy supply and consumption on Reunion Island, this building was expected to be net zero energy and to export at least as much energy as its consumption to the polluting electricity grid of the island. To achieve this goal, the first issue to be addressed is the energy consumption of the building and how to build without using air conditioning, a considerable consumer, while providing a comfortable environment for the users. Air conditioning is only used in one third of the total surface area for computers and servers, the remaining two-thirds are cooled and ventilated naturally. Passive methods are used, requiring people to be active instead of being passive in an active building (François Garde, Ph.D., P.E. and ASHRAE member). At the beginning of the design of ENERPOS in 2005, the main aim was to demonstrate that the overall consumption of the building could be reduced by three times compared to that of a standard building. The result is that only one-seventh of the annual energy consumption of a standard building is used (14kWh/m² instead of 100kWh/m² in a year). To compensate for this, photovoltaic panels are implemented over the rooftops, enabling a production of 71,118kWh in 2010 compared to an overall consumption of 9,824kWh, making this building one of the 13 Net ZEBs in a tropical climate. The city of Saint Pierre is usually sunny all year and receives a heavy amount of solar radiation with up to 1,200W/m² in summer. Consequently, the building consumes 7 times less energy than its production, the extra production of electricity being released into the grid.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: what has the green revolution resulted in

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Reunion Island

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: air conditioning, a considerable consumer

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: one-seventh of the annual energy consumption of a standard building

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 100kWh/m2

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Reunion Island,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 100kWh/m2

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 100kWh/m2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: energy supply and consumption on Reunion Island,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: solar radiation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 9,824kWh,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: air conditioning,

text: One way of attributing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is to measure the embedded emissions of goods that are being consumed (also referred to as "embodied emissions"). This is different from the question of to what extent the policies of one country to reduce emissions affect emissions in other countries (the "spillover effect" and "carbon leakage" of an emissions reduction policy). The UNFCCC measures emissions according to production, rather than consumption (UK Parliament, 2010). Consequently, embedded emissions on imported goods are attributed to the exporting, rather than the importing, country. The question of whether to measure emissions on production instead of consumption is partly an issue of equity, i.e., who is responsible for emissions (Toth et al., 2001, p. 670).

text: One way of attributing

text: greenhouse gas

text: (GHG) emissions is to measure the embedded emissions of goods that are being consumed (also referred to as "embodied emissions"). This is different from the question of to what extent the policies of one country to reduce emissions affect emissions in other countries (the "spillover effect" and "

text: carbon leakage

text: " of an emissions reduction policy). The

entity_name: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

text: UNFCCC

text: measures emissions according to production, rather than consumption (UK Parliament, 2010). Consequently, embedded emissions on imported goods are attributed to the exporting, rather than the importing, country. The question of whether to measure emissions on production instead of consumption is partly an issue of equity, i.e., who is responsible for emissions (Toth et al., 2001, p. 670).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: GHG emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: UK Parliament

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: "carbon leakage" of an emissions reduction policy).

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The UNFCCC

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: exporting, rather than the importing, country.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The UNFCCC

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The UNFCCC measures emissions according to production,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The UNFCCC measures emissions according to production, rather than consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is to measure the embedded emissions

text: The ultimate aim is to land on, or ideally surpass, a line marked across the hill called the 'K-point', 'critical point', or 'calculation line'. In order to attain the most points from the style judges, athletes strive for a 'Telemark' landing: instead of landing with simply both feet together (a 'two-footed' landing), one foot is planted clearly in front of the other (without sliding the skis), both feet held no more than four ski widths' apart, and the body held stable with a straight back and arms outstretched. This pose must be maintained until the 'outrun' – a line at the very end of the hill, where the slope has fully flattened out – is reached. The exact placement of landing is measured between the athlete's front and back feet. Failing to make a Telemark landing results in a loss of style points. Considerably more points are lost if a landing fails before the outrun line, such as falling over or touching the ground with any part of the body except the feet.

text: The ultimate aim is to land on, or ideally surpass, a line marked across the hill called the '

text: K-point

text: ', 'critical point', or 'calculation line'. In order to attain the most points from the style judges, athletes strive for a '

text: Telemark

text: ' landing: instead of landing with simply both feet together (a 'two-footed' landing), one foot is planted clearly in front of the other (without sliding the skis), both feet held no more than four ski widths' apart, and the body held stable with a straight back and arms outstretched. This pose must be maintained until the 'outrun' – a line at the very end of the hill, where the slope has fully flattened out – is reached. The exact placement of landing is measured between the athlete's front and back feet. Failing to make a Telemark landing results in a loss of style points. Considerably more points are lost if a landing fails before the outrun line, such as falling over or touching the ground with any part of the body except the feet.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 'K-point',

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 'K-point',

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 'K-point',

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 'K-point',

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 'K-point',

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 'K-point',

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: falling over or touching the ground with any part of the body except the feet.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 'K-point',

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: most points from the style judges,

text: Green tea consumption lowers fasting blood sugar but in clinical studies the beverage's effect on hemoglobin A1c and fasting insulin levels was inconsistent.

text: Green tea consumption lowers

text: fasting blood sugar

text: but in clinical studies the beverage's effect on

text: hemoglobin A1c

text: and

text: fasting

text: insulin

text: levels was inconsistent.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: lowering blood sugar

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: green tea consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Green tea consumption lowers fasting blood sugar

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: inconsistent.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green tea

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Green tea

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Green tea consumption lowers fasting blood sugar

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Green tea

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Green tea consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green tea

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Green tea

text: In 2006, about 4 million tons of conventional resources were thought to be sufficient at current consumption rates for about six decades (4.06 million tonnes at 65,000 tones per year). In 2011, this was estimated to be 7 million tonnes. Exploration for uranium has increased. From 1981 to 2007, annual exploration expenditures grew modestly, from 4 million US$ to 7 million US$. This skyrocketed to US $11 million in 2011. Consumption of uranium runs at around 75 000 t a year. This is less than production, and requires draw down of existing stocks.

text: In 2006, about 4 million tons of conventional resources were thought to be sufficient at current consumption rates for about six decades (4.06 million tonnes at 65,000 tones per year). In 2011, this was estimated to be 7 million tonnes. Exploration for uranium has increased. From 1981 to 2007, annual exploration expenditures grew modestly, from 4 million US$ to 7 million US$. This skyrocketed to US $11 million in 2011. Consumption of uranium runs at around 75 000 t a year. This is less than production, and requires draw down of existing stocks.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: nuclear waste

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Exploration for uranium

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption rates

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Exploration for uranium

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Exploration for uranium has increased.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: In 2006,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In 2006,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Exploration for uranium

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Exploration for uranium has increased.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: draw down of existing stocks.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: In 2006,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: less than production,

text: Various scientists and science fiction authors have contemplated that overpopulation on Earth may be remedied in the future by the use of extraterrestrial settlements. In the 1970s, Gerard K. O'Neill suggested building space habitats that could support 30,000 times the carrying capacity of Earth using just the asteroid belt, and that the Solar System as a whole could sustain current population growth rates for a thousand years. Marshall Savage (1992, 1994) has projected a human population of five quintillion (5 x 10)throughout the Solar System by 3000, with the majority in the asteroid belt. Freeman Dyson (1999) favours the Kuiper belt as the future home of humanity, suggesting this could happen within a few centuries. In Mining the Sky, John S. Lewis suggests that the resources of the solar system could support 10 quadrillion (10) people. In an interview, Stephen Hawking claimed that overpopulation is a threat to human existence and "our only chance of long-term survival is not to remain inward looking on planet Earth but to spread out into space."

text: Various scientists and

text: science fiction

text: authors have contemplated that overpopulation on Earth may be remedied in the future by the use of extraterrestrial settlements. In the 1970s,

text: Gerard K. O'Neill

text: suggested building

text: space habitats

text: that could support 30,000 times the carrying capacity of Earth using just the asteroid belt, and that the

text: Solar System

text: as a whole could sustain current population growth rates for a thousand years.

text: Marshall Savage

text: (1992, 1994) has projected a human population of five

text: quintillion

text: (5 x 10)throughout the Solar System by 3000, with the majority in the

text: asteroid belt

text: Freeman Dyson

text: (1999) favours the

text: Kuiper belt

text: as the future home of humanity, suggesting this could happen within a few centuries. In

text: Mining the Sky

text: John S. Lewis

text: suggests that the resources of the solar system could support 10

text: quadrillion

text: (10) people. In an interview,

text: Stephen Hawking

text: claimed that overpopulation is a threat to human existence and "our only chance of long-term survival is not to remain inward looking on planet Earth but to spread out into space."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: population growth rates

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: five quintillion

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Environmental arguments include the increased consumption of scarce resources, overpopulation and inefficiencies related to cases where immigration is to countries that are net importers of food and essential commodities.

text: Environmental arguments include the increased consumption of scarce resources,

text: overpopulation

text: and inefficiencies related to cases where immigration is to countries that are net importers of food and essential commodities.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: increased consumption of scarce resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food and essential commodities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased consumption of scarce resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased consumption of scarce resources,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Environmental arguments include the increased consumption of scarce resources, overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption of scarce resources,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Environmental arguments include the increased consumption of scarce resources, overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: increased consumption of scarce resources,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: net importers of food and essential commodities.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased consumption of scarce resources,

text: The recent rapid increase in human population over the past three centuries has raised concerns that the planet may not be able to sustain present or future numbers of inhabitants. The InterAcademy Panel Statement on Population Growth, circa 1994, stated that many environmental problems, such as rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, global warming, and pollution, are aggravated by the population expansion. Other problems associated with overpopulation include the increased demand for resources such as fresh water and food, starvation and malnutrition, consumption of natural resources (such as fossil fuels) faster than the rate of regeneration, and a deterioration in living conditions. Wealthy but highly populated territories like Britain rely on food imports from overseas. This was severely felt during the World Wars when, despite food efficiency initiatives like "dig for victory" and food rationing, Britain needed to fight to secure import routes. However, many believe that waste and over-consumption, especially by wealthy nations, is putting more strain on the environment than overpopulation.

text: The recent rapid increase in human population over the past three centuries has raised concerns that the planet may not be able to sustain present or future numbers of inhabitants. The

text: InterAcademy Panel Statement on Population Growth

text: , circa 1994, stated that many environmental problems, such as rising levels of

text: atmospheric carbon dioxide

text: global warming

text: , and

text: pollution

text: , are aggravated by the population expansion. Other problems associated with overpopulation include the increased demand for resources such as fresh water and food,

text: starvation

text: and

text: malnutrition

text: , consumption of natural resources (such as

text: fossil fuels

text: ) faster than the rate of regeneration, and a deterioration in living conditions. Wealthy but highly populated territories like

text: Britain

text: rely on food imports from overseas. This was severely felt during the

text: World Wars

text: when, despite food efficiency initiatives like "

text: dig for victory

text: " and

text: food rationing

text: , Britain needed to

text: fight to secure import routes

text: . However, many believe that waste and

text: over-consumption

text: , especially by wealthy nations, is putting more strain on the environment than overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: waste

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, global warming, and pollution,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: starvation and malnutrition,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Britain

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increased demand for resources such as fresh water and food,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: waste and over-consumption,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: fresh water and food,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: waste and over-consumption, especially by wealthy nations,

text: Consumerism represented one of the consequences (as well as one of the key ingredients) of the postwar economic boom. The initial quest for cars, appliances, and new furniture after the end of World War II quickly expanded into the mass consumption of goods, services, and recreational materials during the Fifties. Between 1945 and 1960, GNP grew by 250%, expenditures on new construction multiplied nine times, and consumption on personal services increased three times. By 1960, per capita income was 35% higher than in 1945, and America had entered what the economist Walt Rostow referred to as the "high mass consumption" stage of economic development. Short-term credit went up from $8.4 billion in 1946 to $45.6 billion in 1958. As a result of the postwar economic boom, 60% of the American population had attained a "middle-class" standard of living by the mid-50s (defined as incomes of $3,000 to $10,000 in constant dollars), compared with only 31% in the last year of prosperity before the onset of the Great Depression. By the end of the decade, 87% of families owned a TV set, 75% a car, and 75% a washing machine. Between 1947 and 1960, the average real income for American workers increased by as much as it had in the previous half-century.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Great Depression

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: By 1960, per capita income was 35% higher than in 1945

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: mass consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: "middle-class" standard of living

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 60%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Great Depression.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "middle-class" standard of living by the mid-50s

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Great Depression.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: GNP grew by 250%,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Consumerism

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: cars, appliances, and new furniture after the end of World War II

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: mass consumption of goods, services, and recreational materials

text: Concerns over the sustainability and welfare of sharks have limited consumption and availability of the soup.

text: Concerns over the

text: sustainability

text: and

text: welfare

text: of sharks have limited consumption and availability of the soup.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: fewer sharks

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: non-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: soup.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Concerns over the sustainability and welfare of sharks

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Concerns over the sustainability and welfare of sharks

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: soup.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: sharks

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: soup.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Concerns over the sustainability and welfare of sharks

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: soup.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Concerns over the sustainability and welfare of sharks have limited consumption

text: Based on his conclusion that the real cost of production is less than the financial cost of production, the Douglas price rebate (Compensated Price) is determined by the ratio of consumption to production. Since consumption over a period of time is typically less than production over the same period of time in any industrial society, the real cost of goods should be less than the financial cost.

text: Based on his conclusion that the real cost of production is less than the financial cost of production, the Douglas price rebate (Compensated Price) is determined by the ratio of consumption to production. Since consumption over a period of time is typically less than production over the same period of time in any industrial society, the real cost of goods should be less than the financial cost.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: industrial society,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: real cost of production is less than the financial cost of production,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrial society,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the real cost of production is less than the financial cost of production,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: the Douglas price rebate (Compensated Price)

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the Douglas price rebate

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: industrial society,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the real cost of production is less than the financial cost of production,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: less than production over the same period of time in any industrial society,

text: The RBV argues that resources that are rare, valuable, inimitable, and non-substitutable are considered to be the source of sustained competitive advantage. The CBV complements with the RBV in that it does not emphasize possession of superior strategic resources as a necessary condition for the firm’s competitive advantage. Instead, the CBV underscores the use of multiple sources of open or generic resources – resources which when used in a creative composition may yield a competitive edge to the firm, at least temporarily. Also, the CBV points out that composition process is a distinct competence and critical capability that is valuable, heterogeneous, and not always easy to imitate.

text: The

text: RBV

text: argues that resources that are rare, valuable, inimitable, and non-substitutable are considered to be the source of sustained competitive advantage. The CBV complements with the RBV in that it does not emphasize possession of superior strategic resources as a necessary condition for the firm’s competitive advantage. Instead, the CBV underscores the use of multiple sources of open or generic resources – resources which when used in a creative composition may yield a competitive edge to the firm, at least temporarily. Also, the CBV points out that composition process is a distinct competence and critical capability that is valuable, heterogeneous, and not always easy to imitate.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: sustained competitive advantage

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: possession of superior strategic resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: competitive advantage.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: competitive advantage.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: competitive advantage.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: competitive advantage.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: competitive advantage.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: competitive advantage.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: competitive advantage.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The RBV

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: competitive advantage.

text: In contrast to the planets natural ecosystems, technology (or technoecosystems) is not reducing its impact on planetary resources. Only 7% of total plastic waste (adding up to millions upon millions of tons) is being recycled by industrial systems; the 93% that never makes it into the industrial recycling stream is presumably absorbed by natural recycling systems In contrast and over extensive lengths of time (billions of years) ecosystems have maintained a consistent balance with production roughly equaling respiratory consumption rates. The balanced recycling efficiency of nature means that production of decaying waste material has exceeded rates of recyclable consumption into food chains equal to the global stocks of fossilized fuels that escaped the chain of decomposition.

text: In contrast to the planets natural ecosystems, technology (or

text: technoecosystems

text: ) is not reducing its impact on planetary resources. Only 7% of total

text: plastic waste

text: (adding up to millions upon millions of tons) is being recycled by industrial systems; the 93% that never makes it into the industrial recycling stream is presumably absorbed by natural recycling systems In contrast and over extensive lengths of time (billions of years) ecosystems have maintained a consistent balance with

text: production

text: roughly equaling

text: respiratory

text: consumption

text: rates. The balanced recycling efficiency of nature means that production of decaying waste material has exceeded rates of recyclable consumption into food chains equal to the global stocks of

text: fossilized fuels

text: that escaped the chain of decomposition.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: plastic waste

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: production roughly equaling respiratory consumption rates

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fossilized fuels

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: production of decaying waste material has exceeded rates of recyclable consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Only 7% of total plastic waste

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: technology (or technoecosystems)

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: In contrast to the planets natural ecosystems,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Only 7% of total plastic waste

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: plastic waste

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: production roughly equaling respiratory consumption rates.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fossilized fuels

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: In contrast to the planets natural ecosystems,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: production of decaying waste material has exceeded rates of recyclable consumption

text: As long as a market economy is in place, Albert and Hahnel favour Pigovian taxes over other solutions to environmental problems such as command and control, or the issuance of marketable permits. However, Hahnel, who teaches ecological economics at American University, argues that in a market economy businesses try to avoid the "polluter pays principle" by shifting the burden of the costs for their polluting activities to consumers. In terms of incentives he argues this might be considered a positive development because it would penalize consumers for "dirty" consumption. However it also has regressive implications since tax incidence studies show that ultimately it would be poor people who would bear a great deal of the burden of many pollution taxes. "In other words, many pollution taxes would be highly regressive and therefore aggravate economic injustice.". He therefore recommends that pollution taxes be linked to cuts in regressive taxes such as social security taxes.

text: As long as a market economy is in place, Albert and Hahnel favour Pigovian taxes over other solutions to environmental problems such as

text: command and control

text: , or the issuance of marketable permits. However, Hahnel, who teaches ecological economics at American University, argues that in a market economy businesses try to avoid the "polluter pays principle" by shifting the burden of the costs for their polluting activities to consumers. In terms of incentives he argues this might be considered a positive development because it would penalize consumers for "dirty" consumption. However it also has regressive implications since

text: tax incidence

text: studies show that ultimately it would be poor people who would bear a great deal of the burden of many pollution taxes. "In other words, many pollution taxes would be highly regressive and therefore aggravate economic injustice.". He therefore recommends that pollution taxes be linked to cuts in regressive taxes such as social security taxes.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: American University

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: dirty

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: economic injustice.".

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: command and control, or the issuance of marketable permits.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: aggravate economic injustice.".

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: command and control, or the issuance of marketable permits.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: polluting

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: command and control, or the issuance of marketable permits.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: polluting activities

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: command and control, or the issuance of marketable permits.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "dirty" consumption.

text: Reviews have analyzed studies which have looked at the consumption of aspartame in countries worldwide, including the United States, countries in Europe, and Australia, among others. These reviews have found that even the high levels of intake of aspartame, studied across multiple countries and different methods of measuring aspartame consumption, are well below the ADI for safe consumption of aspartame. Reviews have also found that populations that are believed to be especially high consumers of aspartame such as children and diabetics are below the ADI for safe consumption, even considering extreme worst-case scenario calculations of consumption.

text: Reviews have analyzed studies which have looked at the consumption of aspartame in countries worldwide, including the United States, countries in Europe, and Australia, among others. These reviews have found that even the high levels of intake of aspartame, studied across multiple countries and different methods of measuring aspartame consumption, are well below the ADI for safe consumption of aspartame. Reviews have also found that populations that are believed to be especially high consumers of aspartame such as children and diabetics are below the ADI for safe consumption, even considering extreme worst-case scenario calculations of consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: aspartame

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: aspartame

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: aspartame

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: aspartame

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: consumption of aspartame in countries worldwide, including the United States,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Europe, and Australia,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: United States,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: aspartame

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption of aspartame

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: aspartame

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: aspartame

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high levels of intake of aspartame,

text: Over  of land are under tea with an annual yield of 60,000-70,000 tonnes. Of this 69.5% is green tea, 19.5% black tea and 20% pickled tea. Annual consumption runs at 52% green tea, 31% black tea and 17% pickled tea.

text: Over  of land are under tea with an annual yield of 60,000-70,000 tonnes. Of this 69.5% is green tea, 19.5% black tea and 20% pickled tea. Annual consumption runs at 52% green tea, 31% black tea and 17% pickled tea.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 69.5% is green tea

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Tea

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: green tea

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 69.5% is green tea,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Over

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Over

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Over of land are under tea

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Over of land are under tea

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Over of land are under tea

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: tea

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Over of land are under tea

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Over of land are under tea

text: Ehrlich has argued that humanity has simply deferred the moment of disaster through the use of more intensive agricultural techniques, such as those introduced during the Green Revolution. Ehrlich holds that increasing populations and affluence are putting more and more pressure on the global environment in many different fields, from loss of biodiversity, overfishing, global warming, to urbanization, chemical pollution and competition for raw materials. He maintains that in light of growing global incomes, reducing consumption and human population is critical to protecting the environment and maintaining living standards, and that current rates of growth are still too high for a sustainable future.

text: Ehrlich has argued that humanity has simply deferred the moment of disaster through the use of more intensive agricultural techniques, such as those introduced during the

text: Green Revolution

text: . Ehrlich holds that increasing populations and affluence are putting more and more pressure on the global environment in many different fields, from loss of

text: biodiversity

text: overfishing

text: global warming

text: , to

text: urbanization

text: , chemical pollution and competition for raw materials. He maintains that in light of growing global incomes, reducing consumption and human population is critical to protecting the environment and maintaining living standards, and that current rates of growth are still too high for a sustainable future.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: loss of biodiversity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: chemical pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: deferred the moment of disaster

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: loss of biodiversity

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: reducing consumption and human population

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: loss of biodiversity, overfishing, global warming,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: growing global incomes,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urbanization,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Ehrlich

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: chemical pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: humanity has simply deferred the moment of disaster

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: global warming,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Ehrlich

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overfishing,

text: Before pipes were reinsulated, employees needed breaks once an hour to work in the tunnels which reached 115 °F (46 °C). Insulation reduced the ambient temperature to 80 °F (27 °C), and the loss of energy from 10% to 4%, and over time resulted in a 25% campus-wide decrease in energy consumption.

text: Before pipes were reinsulated, employees needed breaks once an hour to work in the tunnels which reached 115 °F (46 °C).

text: Insulation

text: reduced the ambient temperature to 80 °F (27 °C), and the loss of energy from 10% to 4%, and over time resulted in a 25% campus-wide decrease in energy consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: campus-wide

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are necessary

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 25% campus-wide decrease in energy consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 10% to 4%,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: campus-wide

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 115 °F (46 °C).

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: loss of energy

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 4%,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pipes were reinsulated,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 115 °F (46 °C).

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption.

text: Environment - current issues:many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land; limited access to potable water; water-borne diseases prevalent; water pollution especially of fishing areas results from the use of commercial pesticides; ground water contaminated by naturally occurring arsenic; intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country; soil degradation and erosion; deforestation; severe overpopulation

text: Environment - current issues:many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land; limited access to potable water; water-borne diseases prevalent; water pollution especially of fishing areas results from the use of commercial pesticides; ground water contaminated by naturally occurring

text: arsenic

text: ; intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country; soil degradation and erosion;

text: deforestation

text: ; severe overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: many people being forced to live on flood-prone land

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: northern and central parts of the country

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: how many people do not have enough clean water for drinking

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: arsenic

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: many people are landless

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: commercial pesticides

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: severe overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: deforestation; severe overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: northern and central

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: limited access to potable water;

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: flood-prone land;

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: commercial pesticides;

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: limited access to potable water;

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: severe overpopulation

text: The types of commentary and controversy presented in science fiction films often illustrate the particular concerns of the periods in which they were produced. Early science fiction films expressed fears about automation replacing workers and the dehumanization of society through science and technology. For example, The Man in the White Suit (1951) used a science fiction concept as a means to satirize postwar British "establishment" conservatism, industrial capitalists, and trade unions. Another example is HAL 9000 from 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968). He controls the shuttle, and later harms its crew. "Kubrick's vision reveals technology as a competitive force that must be defeated in order for humans to evolve." Later films explored the fears of environmental catastrophe, technology-created disasters, or overpopulation, and how they would impact society and individuals (e.g. Soylent Green, Elysium).

text: The types of commentary and controversy presented in science fiction films often illustrate the particular concerns of the periods in which they were produced. Early science fiction films expressed fears about automation replacing workers and the dehumanization of society through science and technology. For example,

text: The Man in the White Suit

text: (1951) used a science fiction concept as a means to satirize postwar British "establishment" conservatism, industrial capitalists, and trade unions. Another example is

text: HAL 9000

text: from

text: 2001: A Space Odyssey

text: (1968). He controls the shuttle, and later harms its crew. "Kubrick's vision reveals technology as a competitive force that must be defeated in order for humans to evolve." Later films explored the fears of environmental catastrophe, technology-created disasters, or overpopulation, and how they would impact society and individuals (e.g.

text: Soylent Green

text: Elysium

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Soylent Green

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: postwar British

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental catastrophe

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental catastrophe, technology-created disasters, or overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: automation replacing workers and the dehumanization of society through science and technology.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: postwar British

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Man in the White Suit

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental catastrophe,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: technology-created

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: humans to evolve."

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: While it has received considerable media attention purporting impact on weight loss, the limited clinical evidence for Garcinia cambogia supports no clear effect, while gastrointestinal adverse events were two-fold more common over the placebo in a 2011 meta-analysis indicating the extract may be unsafe for human consumption.

text: While it has received considerable media attention purporting impact on

text: weight loss

text: , the limited clinical evidence for Garcinia cambogia supports no clear effect, while gastrointestinal adverse events were two-fold more common over the

text: placebo

text: in a 2011

text: meta-analysis

text: indicating the extract may be unsafe for human consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evaporation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Garcinia cambogia

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: weight loss,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Garcinia cambogia

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Garcinia cambogia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Garcinia cambogia

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: gastrointestinal adverse events

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Garcinia cambogia

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Garcinia cambogia

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Garcinia cambogia

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unsafe for human consumption.

text: The correlation of consumption to increased risk of heart disease is controversial. Some studies fail to find a link between red meat consumption and heart disease (although the same study found statistically significant correlation between the consumption of processed meat and coronary heart disease), while another study, a survey, conducted in 1960, of 25,153 California Seventh-Day Adventists, found that the risk of heart disease is three times greater for 45- to 64-year-old men who eat meat daily, versus those who did not eat meat. A major Harvard University study  in 2010 involving over one million people who ate meat found that only processed meat had an adverse risk in relation to coronary heart disease. The study suggests that eating 50 g (less than 2oz) of processed meat per day increases risk of coronary heart disease by 42%, and diabetes by 19%. Equivalent levels of fat, including saturated fats, in unprocessed meat (even when eating twice as much per day) did not show any deleterious effects, leading the researchers to suggest that "differences in salt and preservatives, rather than fats, might explain the higher risk of heart disease and diabetes seen with processed meats, but not with unprocessed red meats."

text: The correlation of consumption to increased risk of

text: heart disease

text: is controversial. Some studies fail to find a link between red meat consumption and heart disease (although the same study found statistically significant correlation between the consumption of processed meat and coronary heart disease), while another study, a survey, conducted in 1960, of 25,153 California Seventh-Day Adventists, found that the risk of heart disease is three times greater for 45- to 64-year-old men who eat meat daily, versus those who did not eat meat. A major Harvard University study  in 2010 involving over one million people who ate meat found that only processed meat had an adverse risk in relation to coronary heart disease. The study suggests that eating 50 g (less than 2oz) of processed meat per day increases risk of coronary heart disease by 42%, and diabetes by 19%. Equivalent levels of fat, including saturated fats, in unprocessed meat (even when eating twice as much per day) did not show any deleterious effects, leading the researchers to suggest that "differences in salt and preservatives, rather than fats, might explain the higher risk of heart disease and diabetes seen with processed meats, but not with unprocessed red meats."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: California

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unprocessed meat

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: diabetes by 19%.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The correlation of consumption to increased risk of heart disease

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: California Seventh-Day Adventists,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: processed meat had an adverse risk in relation to coronary heart disease.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: heart disease

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The correlation of consumption to increased risk of heart disease

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: salt and preservatives,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The correlation of consumption to increased risk of heart disease

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased risk of heart disease

text: People were consuming products well before the Industrious Revolution. There were stock exchanges all over Europe, even London. People were also clearly making products for consumption, as the large number of guilds existing within Europe at that point would suggest.  What would cause the period between 1600 and 1800 to be labeled an Industrious Revolution, by looking at the patterns of consumption, is the rise in demand for these products. So, what would set this period in time apart would be more demands for luxury items.  Especially those items that could not be produced in the homes or by the guilds.  During the proposed Industrious Revolution, this demand for luxury items would be greater than the supply could accommodate.  A rise in the rate at which people were consuming goods, especially when combined with other factors of the times, could have potentially heralded the Industrious Revolution.

text: People were consuming products well before the Industrious Revolution. There were stock exchanges all over Europe, even London. People were also clearly making products for consumption, as the large number of guilds existing within Europe at that point would suggest.  What would cause the period between 1600 and 1800 to be labeled an Industrious Revolution, by looking at the patterns of consumption, is the rise in demand for these products. So, what would set this period in time apart would be more demands for luxury items.  Especially those items that could not be produced in the homes or by the

text: guilds

text: .  During the proposed Industrious Revolution, this demand for luxury items would be greater than the supply could accommodate.  A rise in the rate at which people were consuming goods, especially when combined with other factors of the times, could have potentially heralded the Industrious Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: London

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the Industrious Revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: A rise in the rate at which people were consuming goods

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: luxury items.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: People were consuming products well before the Industrious Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: London.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: People were consuming products well before the Industrious Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: more demands for luxury items.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: rise in demand for these products.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rise in demand for these products.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: People were consuming products well before the Industrious Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: demand for luxury items would be greater than the supply could accommodate.

text: However several factors are pushing both industrialized and developing nations towards alternative energy sources. The increasing rate of consumption of fossil fuel is a concern for nations lacking in reserves, especially non-OPEC nations. The other issue is the level of pollution produced by coal-burning plants, and despite their vastness, an absence of economical methods for tapping into solar, wind-driven, or tidal reserves. Uranium suppliers hope that this will mean an increase in market share and an increase in volume over the long term.

text: However several factors are pushing both industrialized and developing nations towards

text: alternative energy

text: sources. The increasing rate of consumption of

text: fossil fuel

text: is a concern for nations lacking in reserves, especially non-

text: OPEC

text: nations. The other issue is the level of

text: pollution

text: produced by coal-burning plants, and despite their vastness, an absence of economical methods for tapping into solar, wind-driven, or tidal reserves. Uranium suppliers hope that this will mean an increase in market share and an increase in volume over the long term.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing nations

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: coal-burning plants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The increasing rate of consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: alternative energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: several factors are pushing both industrialized and developing nations towards alternative energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: several factors are pushing both industrialized and developing nations towards alternative energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: alternative energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution produced by coal-burning plants,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: alternative energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The increasing rate of consumption of fossil fuel

text: People cannot help being born and being there, but the concept of overpopulation can easily suggest that part of the people do not really deserve to be there, or that they should not exist. From there, it is only another step to hating part of the human race, and to feel justified in wiping that part out (or at least subject people to compulsory sterilization). If people believe that each human being has a right to be there and enjoy life, there cannot be "overpopulation". At most one could say that there are too many people living in a particular area. Even so, people can get used to living with remarkably little personal space.

text: People cannot help being born and being there, but the concept of overpopulation can easily suggest that part of the people do not really deserve to be there, or that they should not exist. From there, it is only another step to hating part of the human race, and to feel justified in wiping that part out (or at least subject people to compulsory sterilization). If people believe that each human being has a right to be there and enjoy life, there cannot be "overpopulation". At most one could say that there are too many people living in a particular area. Even so, people can get used to living with remarkably little personal space.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: part of the people do not really deserve to be there,

text: It advises people to consume (resources) moderately, leaving something to the future generations. Ishavasya warns that consuming wealth which belongs to the others amounts to stealing. It is only such moderation of consumption, which is called today, sustainable consumption. So, sustainable consumption, advocated by Bharatiya scriptures, only can save the world from environmental disaster.Bharatiya view looks at all elements of Nature such as the soil, the mountains, the rivers and seas, the air, the plants and animals, as sacred and to be preserved and protected. Human beings are only a part of the Nature and not its master. This responsible attitude towards Nature is badly required by the world which is devastated by the western attitude to subjugate Nature. Western view is to exploit Nature, where as Bharatiya view is to milk the Nature.

text: It advises people to consume (resources) moderately, leaving something to the future generations. Ishavasya warns that consuming wealth which belongs to the others amounts to stealing. It is only such moderation of consumption, which is called today, sustainable consumption. So, sustainable consumption, advocated by Bharatiya scriptures, only can save the world from environmental disaster.Bharatiya view looks at all elements of Nature such as the soil, the mountains, the rivers and seas, the air, the plants and animals, as sacred and to be preserved and protected. Human beings are only a part of the Nature and not its master. This responsible attitude towards Nature is badly required by the world which is devastated by the western attitude to subjugate Nature. Western view is to exploit Nature, where as Bharatiya view is to milk the Nature.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental disaster

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Western

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental disaster

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: environmental disaster

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: the western attitude to subjugate Nature

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: stealing

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental disaster.Bharatiya

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: sustainable consumption.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: western

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: sustainable consumption.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental disaster.Bharatiya

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: environmental disaster.Bharatiya

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: western attitude to subjugate Nature.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Ishavasya

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: stealing.

text: One reason for forest depletion is to grow cash crops. Nine West African countries depend on cash crop exports. Products like gum, copal, rubber, cola nuts, and palm oil provide rather steady income revenue for the West African countries. Land use change spoils entire habitats with the forests.  Converting forests into timber is another cause of deforestation. Over decades, the primary forest product was commercial timber. Urbanized countries account for a great percentage of the world's wood consumption, that increased greatly between 1950 and 1980. Simultaneously, preservation measures were reinforced to protect European and American forests. Economic growth and growing environmental protection in industrialized European countries made request for tropical hardwood become strong in West Africa. In the first half of the 1980s, an annual forest loss of 7,200 square kilometers was note down along the Gulf of Guinea, a figure equivalent to 4-5 per cent of the total remaining rain forest area. By 1985, 72 per cent of West Africa's rainforests had been transformed into fallow lands and an additional 9 per cent had been opened up by timber exploitation.

text: One reason for forest depletion is to grow cash crops. Nine West African countries depend on cash crop exports. Products like gum,

text: copal

text: rubber

text: cola nuts

text: , and

text: palm oil

text: provide rather steady income revenue for the West African countries. Land use change spoils entire habitats with the forests.  Converting forests into timber is another cause of deforestation. Over decades, the primary forest product was commercial

text: timber

text: . Urbanized countries account for a great percentage of the world's wood consumption, that increased greatly between 1950 and 1980. Simultaneously, preservation measures were reinforced to protect European and American forests. Economic growth and growing environmental protection in industrialized European countries made request for tropical hardwood become strong in West Africa. In the first half of the 1980s, an annual forest loss of 7,200 square kilometers was note down along the

text: Gulf of Guinea

text: , a figure equivalent to 4-5 per cent of the total remaining rain forest area. By 1985, 72 per cent of West Africa's rainforests had been transformed into fallow lands and an additional 9 per cent had been opened up by timber exploitation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Which of the following is not a reason for forest depletion?

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: West Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: How many people do not have enough clean water for drinking?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: forest depletion

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: urbanized countries

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: preservation measures were reinforced to protect European and American forests.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Economic growth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: West Africa.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Nine West African countries depend on cash crop exports.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: forest depletion

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Land use change

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: One reason for forest depletion is to grow cash crops.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Urbanized countries

text: Malnutrition refers to insufficient, excessive, or imbalanced consumption of nutrients. In developed countries, the diseases of malnutrition are most often associated with nutritional imbalances or excessive consumption.Although there are more people in the world who are malnourished due to excessive consumption, according to the United Nations World Health Organization, the greatest challenge in developing nations today is not starvation, but insufficient nutrition – the lack of nutrients necessary for the growth and maintenance of vital functions. The causes of malnutrition are directly linked to inadequate macronutrient consumption and disease, and are indirectly linked to factors like “household food security, maternal and child care, health services, and the environment.”

text: Malnutrition refers to insufficient, excessive, or imbalanced consumption of nutrients. In developed countries, the diseases of malnutrition are most often associated with nutritional imbalances or excessive consumption.Although there are more people in the world who are malnourished due to excessive consumption, according to the United Nations

text: World Health Organization

text: , the greatest challenge in developing nations today is not starvation, but insufficient nutrition – the lack of nutrients necessary for the growth and maintenance of vital functions. The causes of malnutrition are directly linked to inadequate macronutrient consumption and disease, and are indirectly linked to factors like “household food security, maternal and child care, health services, and the environment.”

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing nations

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: “household food security,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: more people in the world who are malnourished due to excessive consumption,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing nations

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: United Nations World Health Organization,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: more people in the world who are malnourished due to excessive consumption,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: inadequate macronutrient consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Malnutrition

text: Let the utility over consumption be given by

text: Let the utility over consumption be given by

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a more sustainable world

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: it is decreasing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: utility is given by

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the world's population grew

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evaporation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Let the utility over consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Let the utility over consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Let the utility over consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: utility over consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Let the utility over consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Let the utility over consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Let the utility over consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: utility over consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Let the utility over consumption

text: While agricultural output increased as a result of the Green Revolution, the energy input to produce a crop has increased faster,  so that the ratio of crops produced to energy input has decreased over time. Green Revolution techniques also heavily rely on chemical fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides and rely on machines, which as of 2014 rely on or are derived from crude oil, making agriculture increasingly reliant on crude oil extraction.  Proponents of the Peak Oil theory fear that a future decline in oil and gas production would lead to a decline in food production or even a Malthusian catastrophe.

text: While agricultural output increased as a result of the Green Revolution, the energy input to produce a crop has increased faster,  so that the ratio of crops produced to energy input has decreased over time. Green Revolution techniques also heavily rely on chemical

text: fertilizer

text: s,

text: pesticide

text: s and

text: herbicide

text: s and rely on machines, which as of 2014 rely on or are derived from

text: crude oil

text: , making agriculture increasingly reliant on crude oil extraction.  Proponents of the

text: Peak Oil

text: theory fear that a future decline in oil and gas production would lead to a decline in food production or even a

text: Malthusian catastrophe

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: agricultural output increased

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Malthusian

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: chemical fertilizers

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agricultural output increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: agricultural output increased

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the ratio of crops produced to energy input has decreased over time.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Green Revolution,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food production

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: output increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Peak Oil

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green Revolution,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Green Revolution,

text: The effects of the Green Revolution on global food security are difficult to assess because of the complexities involved in food systems.

text: The effects of the Green Revolution on global

text: food security

text: are difficult to assess because of the complexities involved in food systems.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global food security

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the Middle East

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global food security

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global food security

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The effects of the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The effects of the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food security

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global food security

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The effects of the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The effects of the Green Revolution

text: Individuals can modify consumption, based on voluntary simplicity: changes in purchasing habits, simplified lifestyles (less work, less consumption, more socialization and constructive leisure time). But individual actions must not replace vigilance and pressure on policies. Notions of responsible consumption developed over decades, revealing the political nature of individual purchases, according to the principle that consumption should satisfy the population’s basic needs. These needs comprise the physical wellbeing of individuals and society, a healthy diet, access to drinking water and plumbing, education, healthcare and physical safety. The general attitude centres on the need to reduce consumption and reuse and recycle materials. In the case of food consumption, local, organic and fair trade products which avoid ill treatment of animals has become a major trend.

text: Individuals can modify consumption, based on

text: voluntary simplicity

text: : changes in purchasing habits, simplified lifestyles (less work, less consumption, more socialization and constructive leisure time). But individual actions must not replace vigilance and pressure on policies. Notions of responsible consumption developed over decades, revealing the political nature of individual purchases, according to the principle that consumption should satisfy the population’s basic needs. These needs comprise the physical wellbeing of individuals and society, a healthy diet, access to drinking water and plumbing, education, healthcare and physical safety. The general attitude centres on the need to reduce consumption and reuse and recycle materials. In the case of food consumption, local, organic and fair trade products which avoid ill treatment of animals has become a major trend.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: local, organic and fair trade products

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: food consumption, local, organic and fair trade products

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: ill treatment of animals

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The general attitude centres on the need to reduce consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: local, organic and fair trade products which avoid ill treatment of animals

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Individuals can modify consumption, based on voluntary simplicity:

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Individuals can modify consumption, based on voluntary simplicity:

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: access to drinking water

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: reuse and recycle materials.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: local, organic and fair trade products which avoid ill treatment of animals

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: ill treatment of animals

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: education, healthcare and physical safety.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: reduce consumption

text: The subject matter of environmental history can be divided into three main components. The first, nature itself and its change over time, includes the physical impact of humans on the Earth's land, water, atmosphere and biosphere. The second category, how humans use nature, includes the environmental consequences of increasing population, more effective technology and changing patterns of production and consumption. Other key themes are the transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer communities to settled agriculture in the neolithic revolution, the effects of colonial expansion and settlements, and the environmental and human consequences of the industrial and technological revolutions. Finally, environmental historians study how people think about nature - the way attitudes, beliefs and values influence interaction with nature, especially in the form of myths, religion and science.

text: The subject matter of environmental history can be divided into three main components. The first, nature itself and its change over time, includes the physical impact of humans on the Earth's

text: land

text: water

text: atmosphere

text: and

text: biosphere

text: . The second category, how humans use nature, includes the environmental consequences of increasing

text: population

text: , more effective

text: technology

text: and changing patterns of

text: production

text: and

text: consumption

text: . Other key themes are the transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer communities to settled agriculture in the

text: neolithic revolution

text: , the effects of

text: colonial expansion

text: and

text: settlements

text: , and the environmental and human consequences of the

text: industrial

text: and

text: technological revolution

text: s. Finally, environmental historians study how people think about nature - the way

text: attitudes

text: belief

text: s and

text: value

text: s influence interaction with nature, especially in the form of

text: myth

text: s,

text: religion

text: and

text: science

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: industrial and technological revolutions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: industrial and technological revolutions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: how humans use nature

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: changing patterns of production and consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: changing patterns of production and consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: neolithic revolution,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: increasing population,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The subject matter of environmental history

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: atmosphere and biosphere.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: neolithic revolution,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: humans

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: neolithic revolution,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: changing patterns of production and consumption.

text: Algerian authorities list age, neglect and overpopulation as the principal contributors to the degeneration of this historic neighborhood. Overpopulation makes the problem especially difficult to solve because of the effort it would take to relocate everyone living there. Estimates range from 40,000–70,000 people, though it is difficult to track because of the number of squatters in vacant buildings. One reason that the government wants to improve the condition of the Casbah is that it is a potential hideout for criminals and terrorists. In the late 1950s and during the civil insurrection and struggle against French colonial rule it was the hideout for the National Liberation Army (Algeria).

text: Algerian authorities list age, neglect and overpopulation as the principal contributors to the degeneration of this historic neighborhood. Overpopulation makes the problem especially difficult to solve because of the effort it would take to relocate everyone living there. Estimates range from 40,000–70,000 people, though it is difficult to track because of the number of squatters in vacant buildings. One reason that the government wants to improve the condition of the Casbah is that it is a potential hideout for criminals and terrorists. In the late 1950s and during the

text: civil insurrection

text: and struggle against French colonial rule it was the hideout for the

text: National Liberation Army (Algeria)

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Casbah

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Algerian authorities list age, neglect and overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Algerian authorities list age, neglect and overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Algerian

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: degeneration

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: age, neglect and overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: - Mankind and use of materials. Location, production and consumption of materials: control resources.

text: - Mankind and use of materials. Location, production and consumption of materials: control resources.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human beings being able to control resources

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Humans and use of materials

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the world's population grew

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human activities

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: - Control resources

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of too much food

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: control resources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: - Mankind and use of materials.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: - Mankind and use of materials. Location, production and consumption of materials:

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: control resources.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: control resources.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: control resources.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Mankind and use of materials.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: - Mankind and use of materials.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: control resources.

text: over consumption x, and if

text: over consumption x, and if

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over consumption x

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the poorest

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: over consumption x

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: x is over consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: y

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating too much

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: x,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: x,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: x,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: x,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption x,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: x,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: x,

text: It can be concluded that the Green Revolution was a success, with only a minor flaw: although the crops gave more yield, they were more subject to disease since this was not a primary concern of the program.

text: It can be concluded that the

text: Green Revolution

text: was a success, with only a minor flaw: although the crops gave more yield, they were more subject to disease since this was not a primary concern of the program.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no results

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the crops gave more yield

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the Green Revolution was a success,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: disease

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the crops gave more yield,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: disease

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: disease

text: Along with the Equity premium puzzle other counterfactual implications of the Complete Market model are related to the empirical observations concerning individuals’ consumption, wealth and market transactions. For example, in a Complete Market framework, given that agents can fully insure against idiosyncratic risks, each individual’s consumption must fluctuate as much as anyone else’s, and the relative position in terms wealth distribution of an individual should not vary much over time. The empirical evidence suggests otherwise. Further, the individual consumptions are not highly correlated with each other and wealth holdings are very volatile.

text: Along with the Equity premium puzzle other counterfactual implications of the Complete Market model are related to the empirical observations concerning individuals’ consumption, wealth and market transactions. For example, in a Complete Market framework, given that agents can fully insure against idiosyncratic risks, each individual’s consumption must fluctuate as much as anyone else’s, and the relative position in terms wealth distribution of an individual should not vary much over time. The empirical evidence suggests otherwise. Further, the individual consumptions are not highly correlated with each other and wealth holdings are very volatile.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: equity premium puzzle

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: idiosyncratic risks

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wealth holdings are very volatile

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: wealth holdings are very volatile.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Equity premium puzzle other counterfactual implications of the Complete Market model

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: individuals’ consumption, wealth and market transactions.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Equity premium puzzle other counterfactual implications of the Complete Market model

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Equity premium puzzle

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Equity premium puzzle other counterfactual implications of the Complete Market model

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: idiosyncratic risks,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption, wealth and market transactions.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: idiosyncratic risks,

text: Surface runoff water (the Po and its affluents) is not of much value to the valley's dense population for drinking and other immediate uses, being unreliable, often destructive and heavily polluted by sewage and fertilizers. Its main anthropic value is for hydro-electric power, irrigation and industrial transport. The cost of purifying it for human consumption makes that process less feasible. The fresh drinking water comes from hundreds of thousands of wells concentrated especially in the fontanili zone. The major settlements therefore are also in that zone, which has become the centre of economic development and industry in Italy, and now is an almost continuous megalopolis stretching from Turin to Trieste.

text: Surface runoff water (the Po and its affluents) is not of much value to the valley's dense population for drinking and other immediate uses, being unreliable, often destructive and heavily polluted by sewage and fertilizers. Its main anthropic value is for hydro-electric power, irrigation and industrial transport. The cost of purifying it for human consumption makes that process less feasible. The fresh drinking water comes from hundreds of thousands of wells concentrated especially in the fontanili zone. The major settlements therefore are also in that zone, which has become the centre of economic development and

text: industry

text: in Italy, and now is an almost continuous

text: megalopolis

text: stretching from

text: Turin

text: to

text: Trieste

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Fontanili zone

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Its main anthropic value is for hydro-electric power, irrigation and industrial transport

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: sewage and fertilizers

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unreliable, often destructive

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: almost continuous megalopolis

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Surface runoff water

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: fontanili zone.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Surface runoff water

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Its main anthropic value is for hydro-electric power,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: sewage and fertilizers.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Surface runoff water

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: destructive and heavily polluted by sewage and fertilizers.

text: The percentage of an area's footprint supported from its renewable resources shows its overall resource dependence within or above its areas' regeneration rate. A percentage over 100 percent indicates local overuse or net dependence on ecosystems elsewhere.  Similarly, the percentage of an area’s population supported from its renewable resources is its sustainable population at current consumption levels with current technology; the remaining percentage is its overshoot population. A country's biocapacity deficit increases as either their population or their per capita consumption grows; and faster if both grow.

text: The percentage of an area's footprint supported from its renewable resources shows its overall resource dependence within or above its areas' regeneration rate. A percentage over 100 percent indicates local overuse or net dependence on ecosystems elsewhere.  Similarly, the percentage of an area’s population supported from its renewable resources is its sustainable population at current consumption levels with current technology; the remaining percentage is its overshoot population. A country's biocapacity deficit increases as either their population or their per capita consumption grows; and faster if both grow.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: biocapacity deficit

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overshoot population

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: biocapacity deficit

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: biocapacity deficit increases as either their population

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overuse or net dependence on ecosystems elsewhere

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: local overuse or net dependence on ecosystems elsewhere

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainable population at current consumption levels with current technology;

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The percentage of an area's footprint supported from its renewable resources

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overshoot population.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: biocapacity deficit

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: biocapacity deficit

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: biocapacity deficit

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: local overuse

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The percentage of an area's footprint supported from its renewable resources

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: local overuse or net dependence on ecosystems elsewhere.

text: One study done by Simon Vermeier used neuroimaging to investigate serotonergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission in 9 dogs with Canine Compulsive Disorder (CCD) to measure the serotonin 2A receptor availability. When compared to the 15 non-compulsive dogs used as a control group, the dogs with CCD were found to have lower receptor availability as well as lower subcortical perfusion and hypothalamic availability . The results of this study provide evidence that there are imbalanced serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways in dogs. Similarities between other studies about human OCD provide construct validity for this study, which suggests that the research will be valid and useful in continuing to investigate brain activity and drug treatment in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

text: One study done by Simon Vermeier used

text: neuroimaging

text: to investigate

text: serotonergic

text: and

text: dopaminergic

text: neurotransmission in 9 dogs with Canine Compulsive Disorder (CCD) to measure the

text: serotonin 2A receptor

text: availability. When compared to the 15 non-compulsive dogs used as a control group, the dogs with CCD were found to have lower receptor availability as well as lower subcortical perfusion and

text: hypothalamic

text: availability . The results of this study provide evidence that there are imbalanced serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways in dogs. Similarities between other studies about human OCD provide construct validity for this study, which suggests that the research will be valid and useful in continuing to investigate brain activity and drug treatment in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in the amount of carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Context: One study done by Simon Vermeier used neuroimaging to investigate serotonergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission in 9 dogs with Canine Compulsive Disorder (CCD) to measure the serotonin 2A receptor availability. When compared to the 15 non-compulsive dogs used as a control group, the dogs with CCD were found to have lower receptor availability as well as lower subcortical perfusion and hypothalamic availability. The results of this study provide evidence that there are imbalanced serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways in dogs.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agriculture brought about the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalanced serotonin 2A receptor availability

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Canine Compulsive Disorder

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Canine Compulsive Disorder

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Canine Compulsive Disorder

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Canine Compulsive Disorder

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Canine Compulsive Disorder

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalanced serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: OCD

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

text: Due to overpopulation, some countries laws stated that each family could only have two children; during the destruction of the Formics and the subsequent colonization of their worlds, this rule was repealed. It is somewhat more advanced than present-day Earth; people are able to travel around in cars that hover over magnetic rails that go at 250 km/h, for example. However, due to International Fleet rule, some nations have declined drastically. One shining example is Rotterdam, a city in the Netherlands, in which children roam the streets fighting each other for food.

text: Due to overpopulation, some countries laws stated that each family could only have two children; during the destruction of the

text: Formics

text: and the subsequent colonization of their worlds, this rule was repealed. It is somewhat more advanced than present-day Earth; people are able to travel around in cars that hover over magnetic rails that go at 250 km/h, for example. However, due to

entity_name: List of Ender's Game series organizations

text: International Fleet

text: rule, some nations have declined drastically. One shining example is

text: Rotterdam

text: , a city in the Netherlands, in which children roam the streets fighting each other for food.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Rotterdam

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: people are able to travel around in cars that hover over magnetic rails

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: somewhat more advanced than present-day Earth;

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Rotterdam,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Due to overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: children roam the streets fighting each other for food.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: children roam the streets fighting each other for food.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: The Green Revolution was widely viewed as an answer to famine in the 1970s and 1980s. Between 1950 and 1984, hybrid strains of high-yielding crops transformed agriculture around the globe and world grain production increased by 250%. Some criticize the process, stating that these new high-yielding crops require more chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which can harm the environment. Although these high-yielding crops make it technically possible to feed more people, there are indications that regional food production has peaked in many world sectors, due to certain strategies associated with intensive agriculture such as groundwater overdrafting and overuse of pesticides and other agricultural chemicals.

text: The

text: Green Revolution

text: was widely viewed as an answer to famine in the 1970s and 1980s. Between 1950 and 1984, hybrid strains of high-yielding crops transformed agriculture around the globe and world grain production increased by 250%. Some criticize the process, stating that these new high-yielding crops require more chemical

text: fertilizer

text: s and

text: pesticide

text: s, which can harm the environment. Although these high-yielding crops make it technically possible to feed more people, there are indications that regional food production has peaked in many world sectors, due to certain strategies associated with intensive agriculture such as

text: groundwater

text: overdrafting

text: and overuse of

text: pesticide

text: s and other agricultural chemicals.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: world grain production increased by 250%

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: many world sectors

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: chemical fertilizers

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: world grain production increased by 250%

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: chemical fertilizers and pesticides

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overuse of pesticides

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: world grain production increased by 250%.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: world grain production increased by 250%.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: regional food production has peaked in many world sectors,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: groundwater overdrafting

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: regional food production has peaked in many world sectors,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: groundwater overdrafting

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overuse of pesticides

text: When resources are constrained it is a fascinating management problem to consider how best to manage the health of assets.  It is rare that assets can be managed in an unconstrained way  as resources are always limited by a need to make efficient use of them.

text: When resources are constrained it is a fascinating management problem to consider how best to manage the health of assets.  It is rare that assets can be managed in an unconstrained way  as resources are always limited by a need to make efficient use of them.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reducing the use of fossil fuels

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: what is the reason for this?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: India became a major exporter of wheat

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unmanaged resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wasting resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: It is rare that assets can be managed in an unconstrained way

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: When resources are constrained it is a fascinating management problem

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: When resources are constrained

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resources are always limited by a need to make efficient use of them.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: health of assets.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: resources are always limited by a need to make efficient use of them.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: a need to make efficient use of them.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: It is rare that assets can be managed in an unconstrained way

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: resources are always limited by a need to make efficient use of them.

text: In a 10 minutes documentary titled ‘’Overpopulation in Europe: Can we survive?’’ the Ten Million Club highlights different aspects of overpopulation as well as its detrimental consequences.

text: In a 10 minutes documentary titled ‘’Overpopulation in Europe: Can we survive?’’ the Ten Million Club highlights different aspects of overpopulation as well as its detrimental consequences.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Europe

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: ‘’Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Ten Million Club

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Europe:

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Ten Million Club

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: ‘’Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: ‘’Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: ‘’Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Ten Million Club

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: ‘’Overpopulation

text: French research published in 2002 in the British Medical Journal (BMJ) followed 1,674 elderly residents of southern France for seven years, studying their consumption of meat versus seafood and the presence of dementia symptoms. The conclusion was that people who ate fish at least once a week had a significantly lower risk of being diagnosed with dementia over a seven-year period. This study reinforced the Annals of Neurology findings. Because of the longer term, the BMJ study provided stronger evidence of a genuine protective effect. There was a possible confounding factor in that individuals with higher education have both a lower risk of dementia and higher consumption of fish.

text: French research published in 2002 in the British Medical Journal (

text: BMJ

text: ) followed 1,674 elderly residents of southern

text: France

text: for seven years, studying their consumption of meat versus seafood and the presence of dementia symptoms. The conclusion was that people who ate fish at least once a week had a significantly lower risk of being diagnosed with dementia over a seven-year period. This study reinforced the Annals of Neurology findings. Because of the longer term, the BMJ study provided stronger evidence of a genuine protective effect. There was a possible

text: confounding

text: factor in that individuals with higher education have both a lower risk of dementia and higher consumption of fish.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher education

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: southern France

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: meat

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher education have both a lower risk of dementia and higher consumption of fish.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: higher education

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: southern France

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: French research published in 2002 in the British Medical Journal

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: dementia

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: meat

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption of meat

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: people who ate fish at least once a week

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: meat

text: The origins of the environmental movement lay in the response to increasing levels of smoke pollution in the atmosphere during the Industrial Revolution. The emergence of great factories and the concomitant immense growth in coal consumption gave rise to an unprecedented level of air pollution in industrial centers; after 1900 the large volume of industrial chemical discharges added to the growing load of untreated human waste. The first large-scale, modern environmental laws came in the form of Britain's Alkali Acts, passed in 1863, to regulate the deleterious air pollution (gaseous hydrochloric acid) given off by the Leblanc process, used to produce soda ash. An Alkali inspector and four sub-inspectors were appointed to curb this pollution. The responsibilities of the inspectorate were gradually expanded, culminating in the Alkali Order 1958 which placed all major heavy industries that emitted smoke, grit, dust and fumes under supervision.

text: The origins of the environmental movement lay in the response to increasing levels of

text: smoke

text: pollution

text: in the

text: atmosphere

text: during the

text: Industrial Revolution

text: . The emergence of great factories and the concomitant immense growth in

text: coal consumption

text: gave rise to an unprecedented level of

text: air pollution

text: in industrial centers; after 1900 the large volume of industrial

text: chemical

text: discharges added to the growing load of untreated human waste. The first large-scale, modern environmental laws came in the form of Britain's

text: Alkali Acts

text: , passed in 1863, to regulate the deleterious air pollution (

text: gaseous

text: hydrochloric acid

text: ) given off by the

text: Leblanc process

text: , used to produce

text: soda ash

text: . An Alkali inspector and four sub-inspectors were appointed to curb this pollution. The responsibilities of the inspectorate were gradually expanded, culminating in the Alkali Order 1958 which placed all major heavy industries that emitted

text: smoke

text: , grit, dust and fumes under supervision.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: untreated human waste

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrial centers

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: untreated human waste

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Which of the following is not a basic human necessity?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: untreated human waste

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: modern environmental laws

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasing levels of smoke pollution in the atmosphere during the Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrial centers;

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: untreated human waste.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: untreated human waste.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: (gaseous hydrochloric acid)

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: immense growth in coal consumption

text: Modernisation was accelerated by the Second World War. Among the Luo the larger agricultural production unit was the patriarch's extended family, mainly divided into a special assignment team led by the patriarch, and the teams of his wives, who, together with their children, worked their own lots on a regular basis. This stage of development was no longer strictly traditional, but still largely self-sufficient with little contact with the broader market. Pressures of overpopulation and the prospects of cash crops, already in evidence by 1945, made this subsistence economic system increasingly obsolete and accelerated a movement to commercial agriculture and emigration to cities. The Limitation of Action Act in 1968 sought to modernise traditional land ownership and use; the act has produced unintended consequences, with new conflicts raised over land ownership and social status.

text: Modernisation was accelerated by the Second World War. Among the Luo the larger agricultural production unit was the patriarch's extended family, mainly divided into a special assignment team led by the patriarch, and the teams of his wives, who, together with their children, worked their own lots on a regular basis. This stage of development was no longer strictly traditional, but still largely self-sufficient with little contact with the broader market. Pressures of overpopulation and the prospects of cash crops, already in evidence by 1945, made this subsistence economic system increasingly obsolete and accelerated a movement to commercial agriculture and emigration to cities. The Limitation of Action Act in 1968 sought to modernise traditional land ownership and use; the act has produced unintended consequences, with new conflicts raised over land ownership and social status.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Luo

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: accelerated a movement to commercial agriculture

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation and the prospects of cash crops

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: new conflicts raised over land ownership and social status.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: emigration to cities.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Luo

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Modernisation was accelerated by the Second World War.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: emigration to cities.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: emigration to cities.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: largely self-sufficient with little contact with the broader market.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: The issue has been re-examined by modern economists studying consumption rebound effects from improved energy efficiency. In addition to reducing the amount needed for a given use, improved efficiency also lowers the relative cost of using a resource, which increases the quantity demanded. This counteracts (to some extent) the reduction in use from improved efficiency. Additionally, improved efficiency accelerates economic growth, further increasing the demand for resources.  Jevons's paradox occurs when the effect from increased demand predominates, and better efficiency leads to more resources being used.

text: The issue has been re-examined by modern economists studying consumption

text: rebound effects

text: from improved

text: energy efficiency

text: . In addition to reducing the amount needed for a given use, improved efficiency also lowers the relative cost of using a resource, which increases the quantity demanded. This counteracts (to some extent) the reduction in use from improved efficiency. Additionally, improved efficiency accelerates

text: economic growth

text: , further increasing the demand for resources.  Jevons's paradox occurs when the effect from increased demand predominates, and better efficiency leads to more resources being used.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: improved energy efficiency

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Jevons's paradox

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: better efficiency leads to more resources being used

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: improved efficiency accelerates economic growth,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: improved energy efficiency.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: consumption rebound effects from improved energy efficiency.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The issue has been re-examined by modern economists

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption rebound effects from improved energy efficiency.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: improved energy efficiency.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: improved efficiency also lowers the relative cost of using a resource,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Jevons's paradox occurs when the effect from increased demand

text: The RoEduNet network appeared as a consequence of an evolutionary process that started after the Romanian Revolution of 1989

text: The RoEduNet network appeared as a consequence of an evolutionary process that started after the

text: Romanian Revolution of 1989

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: RoEduNet

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Romania

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the consumption of too much food

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: RoEduNet network

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Romanian Revolution of 1989

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Romanian Revolution of 1989

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Romanian Revolution of 1989

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Romanian Revolution of 1989

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Romanian Revolution of 1989

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evolutionary process

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Romanian Revolution of 1989

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The RoEduNet network appeared as a consequence of an evolutionary process

text: In 1970, Stoen married Grace Lucy Grech, whom he had met at march at the San Francisco Civic Center against overpopulation and pollution. Their son, John Victor Stoen, was born on January 25, 1972.

text: In 1970, Stoen married Grace Lucy Grech, whom he had met at march at the San Francisco Civic Center against overpopulation and pollution. Their son, John Victor Stoen, was born on January 25, 1972.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: San Francisco

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation and pollution.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: San Francisco

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: John Victor Stoen, was born on January 25, 1972.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution.

text: John Maynard Keynes, in 1936, proposed the psychological law in his work: The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. The law basically captures and understands the essential spending behavior of the household sector. Keynes uses the term 'psychology' in his law but the law is just a basic observation of consumer behavior and consumption.It states the relationship between income and consumption pattern, such as the changes in the aggregate income of the economy and the expenditures on consumption by the household sector. The law is thus, a macro framework of the operation of the economy as it applies more to the aggregate economy than to the individuals. Therefore, in Keynesian macroeconomics, the fundamental psychological law underlying the consumption function states that marginal propensity to consume (MPC) and marginal propensity to save (MPS) are greater than zero (0) but less than one (1): MPC + MPS = 1; e.g., whenever national income rises by $1 part of this will be consumed and part of this will be saved

text: John Maynard Keynes, in 1936, proposed the psychological law in his work:

entity_name: The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money

text: The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money

text: . The law basically captures and understands the essential spending behavior of the household sector. Keynes uses the term 'psychology' in his law but the law is just a basic observation of consumer behavior and consumption.It states the relationship between income and consumption pattern, such as the changes in the aggregate income of the economy and the expenditures on consumption by the household sector. The law is thus, a macro framework of the operation of the economy as it applies more to the aggregate economy than to the individuals. Therefore, in

text: Keynesian macroeconomics

text: , the fundamental psychological law underlying the

text: consumption function

text: states that

text: marginal propensity to consume

text: (MPC) and

text: marginal propensity to save

text: (MPS) are greater than zero (0) but less than one (1): MPC + MPS = 1; e.g., whenever national income rises by $1 part of this will be consumed and part of this will be saved

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: MPC + MPS

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: John Maynard Keynes,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: John Maynard Keynes,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: John Maynard Keynes,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: John Maynard Keynes,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: John Maynard Keynes,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: John Maynard Keynes,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: changes in the aggregate income

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: John Maynard Keynes,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: spending behavior

text: Major threats to the binturong are habitat loss and degradation of forests through logging and conversion of forests to non-forest land-uses throughout the binturong's range. Habitat loss has been severe in the lowlands of the Sundaic part of its range, and there is no evidence that the binturong uses the plantations that are largely replacing natural forest. In China, rampant deforestation and opportunistic logging practices have fragmented suitable habitat or eliminated sites altogether. In the Philippines, it is captured for the wildlife trade, and in the south of its range it is also taken for human consumption. In Laos, it is one of the most frequently displayed caged live carnivores and skins are traded frequently in at least Vientiane. In parts of Laos, it is considered a delicacy and also traded as a food item to Vietnam.

text: Major threats to the binturong are habitat loss and

text: degradation

text: of forests through

text: logging

text: and conversion of forests to non-forest land-uses throughout the binturong's range. Habitat loss has been severe in the lowlands of the

text: Sunda

text: ic part of its range, and there is no evidence that the binturong uses the plantations that are largely replacing natural forest. In China, rampant

text: deforestation

text: and opportunistic logging practices have fragmented suitable habitat or eliminated sites altogether. In the Philippines, it is captured for the

text: wildlife trade

text: , and in the south of its range it is also taken for human consumption. In Laos, it is one of the most frequently displayed caged live carnivores and skins are traded frequently in at least

text: Vientiane

text: . In parts of Laos, it is considered a delicacy and also traded as a food item to Vietnam.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: deforestation and opportunistic logging practices

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are available

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: in the south of its range it is also taken for human consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: plantations

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Major threats to the binturong are habitat loss

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Major threats to the binturong

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: rampant deforestation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rampant deforestation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Major threats to the binturong

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human consumption.

text: Water politics, sometimes called hydropolitics, is politics affected by the availability of water and water resources, a necessity for all life forms and human development. The first use of the term, hydropolitics, came in the book  Hydropolitics of the Nile Valley. Arun P. Elhance's definition of hydropolitics is "the systematic study of conflict and cooperation between states over water resources that transcend international borders".The availability of drinking water per capita is inadequate and shrinking worldwide.  The causes, related to both quantity and quality, are many and varied; they include local scarcity, limited availability and population pressures, but also human activities of mass consumption, misuse, environmental degradation and water pollution, as well as climate change.

text: Water politics, sometimes called hydropolitics, is

text: politics

text: affected by the availability of

text: water

text: and

text: water resources

text: , a necessity for all life forms and human development. The first use of the term, hydropolitics, came in the book  Hydropolitics of the Nile Valley. Arun P. Elhance's definition of hydropolitics is "the systematic study of conflict and cooperation between states over water resources that transcend international borders".The availability of

text: drinking water

text: per capita

text: is inadequate and shrinking worldwide.  The causes, related to both quantity and quality, are many and varied; they include local scarcity, limited availability and

text: population pressures

text: , but also human activities of

text: mass consumption

text: , misuse,

text: environmental degradation

text: and

text: water pollution

text: , as well as

text: climate change

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: worldwide

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human activities

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human activities of mass consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: borders".The availability of drinking water per capita is inadequate and shrinking worldwide.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: borders".The availability of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Nile Valley.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: borders".The availability of drinking water per capita is inadequate and shrinking worldwide.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: borders".The availability of drinking water

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: water and water resources, a necessity for all life forms and human development.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human activities of mass consumption,

text: Born in Ireland on 1 April 1828 to Patrick Flanagan (hatter and woolsorter) and Martha Dufficy (daughter of Henry Dufficy – farmer), he and his family emigrated to Australia aboard the emigrant ship Crusader on 15 January 1840 to escape the overpopulation and famine which was raging throughout Ireland.

text: Born in Ireland on 1 April 1828 to Patrick Flanagan (hatter and woolsorter) and Martha Dufficy (daughter of Henry Dufficy – farmer), he and his family emigrated to Australia aboard the emigrant ship Crusader on 15 January 1840 to escape the overpopulation and famine which was raging throughout Ireland.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Australia becoming the world's second largest economy

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ireland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation and famine

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ireland.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: famine

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: famine

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: famine

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: famine

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation and famine

text: Induced consumption is the portion of consumption that varies with disposable income. When a change in disposable income “induces” a change in consumption on goods and services, then that changed consumption is called “induced consumption”. In contrast, expenditures for autonomous consumption do not vary with income. For instance, expenditure on a consumable that is considered a normal good would be considered to be induced.

text: Induced consumption is the portion of

text: consumption

text: that varies with

text: disposable income

text: . When a change in disposable income “induces” a change in consumption on goods and services, then that changed consumption is called “induced consumption”. In contrast, expenditures for

text: autonomous consumption

text: do not vary with income. For instance, expenditure on a consumable that is considered a

text: normal good

text: would be considered to be induced.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Induced consumption is the portion of consumption that varies with disposable income.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Induced consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Induced consumption

text: For about 69 years, the Russian economy and that of the rest of the Soviet Union operated on the basis of a centrally planned economy, with a state control over virtually all means of production and over investment, production, and consumption decisions throughout the economy. Economic policy was made according to directives from the Communist Party, which controlled all aspects of economic activity. Since the collapse of Communism in the early 1990s, Russia has experienced difficulties in making the transition from a centrally planned economy to a market based economy.

text: For about 69 years, the Russian economy and that of the rest of the

text: Soviet Union

text: operated on the basis of a centrally planned economy, with a state control over virtually all means of production and over investment, production, and consumption decisions throughout the economy.

text: Economic policy

text: was made according to directives from the

text: Communist Party

text: , which controlled all aspects of economic activity. Since the collapse of Communism in the early 1990s, Russia has experienced difficulties in making the transition from a centrally planned economy to a

text: market based economy

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Russia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption decisions throughout the economy

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: market based economy.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Since the collapse of Communism in the early 1990s,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Russia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 69 years, the Russian economy and that of the rest of the Soviet Union

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Russian economy and that of the rest of the Soviet Union

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Russian economy and that of the rest of the Soviet Union

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: collapse of Communism

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the Russian economy and that of the rest of the Soviet Union

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption

text: Life extension is a controversial topic due to fear of overpopulation and possible effects on society. Biogerontologist Aubrey De Grey counters the overpopulation critique by pointing out that the therapy could postpone or eliminate menopause, allowing women to space out their pregnancies over more years and thus decreasing the yearly population growth rate. Moreover, the philosopher and futurist Max More argues that, given the fact the worldwide population growth rate is slowing down and is projected to eventually stabilize and begin falling, superlongevity would be unlikely to contribute to overpopulation.

text: Life extension is a controversial topic due to fear of

text: overpopulation

text: and possible effects on society. Biogerontologist

text: Aubrey De Grey

text: counters the overpopulation critique by pointing out that the therapy could postpone or eliminate

text: menopause

text: , allowing women to space out their pregnancies over more years and thus decreasing the yearly population growth rate. Moreover, the philosopher and futurist

text: Max More

text: argues that, given the fact the worldwide population growth rate is slowing down and is projected to eventually stabilize and begin falling, superlongevity would be unlikely to contribute to overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: worldwide population growth rate

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Life extension is a controversial topic due to fear of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Life extension is a controversial topic due to fear of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Life extension is a controversial topic due to fear of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Life extension is a controversial topic due to fear of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: All Bentivoglio's work is pervaded by a wry critique of Western societies, their patriarchal structures, obsession with material consumption, pollution of the environment and celebration of power over compassion. As a curator and a critic, she always worked to promote women artists.

text: All Bentivoglio's work is pervaded by a wry critique of Western societies, their patriarchal structures, obsession with material consumption, pollution of the environment and celebration of power over compassion. As a curator and a critic, she always worked to promote women artists.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Bentivoglio's work

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Western societies

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution of the environment

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution of the environment

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: material consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution of the environment

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: wry critique of Western societies,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Western

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pollution of the environment

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution of the environment

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution of the environment

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Western societies,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: material consumption,

text: Caffeine increases basal metabolic rate in adults. In postmenopausal women, high caffeine consumption can accelerate bone loss.

text: Caffeine increases

text: basal metabolic rate

text: in adults. In postmenopausal women, high caffeine consumption can accelerate

text: bone loss

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: caffeine consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: caffeine

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: caffeine consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Caffeine increases basal metabolic rate

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Caffeine increases basal metabolic rate

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Caffeine

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Caffeine increases basal metabolic rate

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: bone loss.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Caffeine increases basal metabolic rate

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Caffeine

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Caffeine

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Caffeine

text: Formally, an imbalanced dataset exhibits one or more of the following properties:

text: Formally, an imbalanced dataset exhibits one or more of the following properties:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: imbalanced data

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: an imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unbalanced

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: an imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: an imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalanced data

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: an imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalanced data

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: imbalanced dataset

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalanced dataset

text: Clusterpoint database processes are safely isolated, each process runs only in its own RAM memory address space.  It can access only its own local file system storage folder with the same name containing the particular database XML or JSON documents, index, configuration and log files stored on that local cluster node (shard). This architecture delivers elastic horizontal scale out ability and cluster-wide control over resource consumption for a particular customer database.  It also prevents unauthorized access to multi-tenant databases using the same computing hardware infrastructure, with option to fully encrypt sensitive data.

text: Clusterpoint database processes are safely isolated, each

text: process

text: runs only in its own RAM memory address space.  It can access only its own local file system storage folder with the same name containing the particular database XML or JSON documents, index, configuration and log files stored on that local cluster node (shard). This architecture delivers elastic horizontal scale out ability and cluster-wide control over resource consumption for a particular customer database.  It also prevents unauthorized access to multi-tenant databases using the same computing hardware infrastructure, with option to fully encrypt sensitive data.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Clusterpoint database processes

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: cluster-wide control over resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: elastic horizontal scale out ability

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Clusterpoint

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unauthorized access to multi-tenant databases

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Clusterpoint

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Clusterpoint

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Clusterpoint

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: scale out

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Clusterpoint

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: cluster-wide control over resource consumption

text: Some argue that overpopulation and lack of access to birth control leads to population increase to exceed food production and other resources. Better education for both men and women, and more control of their lives, reduces population growth due to family planning. According to UNFPA-United Nations Population Fund, by giving better education to men and women, they can earn money for their lives and can help them to strengthen economic security.

text: Some argue that overpopulation and lack of access to birth control leads to population increase to exceed food production and other resources. Better education for both men and women, and more control of their lives, reduces population growth due to

text: family planning

text: . According to UNFPA-United Nations Population Fund, by giving better education to men and women, they can earn money for their lives and can help them to strengthen economic security.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reduces population growth

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Better education

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation and lack of access to birth control

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food production

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: food production

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation and lack of access to birth control

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food production

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: population increase to exceed food production and other resources.

text: A key tool in resource efficiency is measuring different aspects of resource use (e.g. carbon footprint, water footprint, land footprint or material use), then identifying 'hot spots' where the most resources are used and/or where there are the best opportunities to reduce this resource use. For example, WRAP has published information on hotspots for 50 grocery products likely to contribute most to the environmental impacts associated with UK household consumption. WRAP have created a range of tools and guides to help improve business resource efficiency.

text: A key tool in resource efficiency is measuring different aspects of resource use (e.g.

text: carbon footprint

text: water footprint

text: land footprint

text: or

text: material use

text: ), then identifying 'hot spots' where the most resources are used and/or where there are the best opportunities to reduce this resource use. For example,

text: WRAP

text: has published information on hotspots for 50 grocery products likely to contribute most to the

text: environmental impact

text: s associated with UK

text: household consumption

text: . WRAP have created a range of tools and guides to help improve business resource efficiency.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: resource efficiency

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Northern Ireland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water footprint

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon footprint

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agriculture brought about by the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: resource use

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a range of tools and guides to help improve business resource efficiency.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: A key tool in resource efficiency

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: UK

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water footprint,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon footprint,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: carbon footprint, water footprint, land footprint

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: grocery products likely to contribute most to the environmental impacts associated with UK household consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: A key tool in resource efficiency

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: environmental impacts associated with UK household consumption.

text: The energy policy of Turkey refers to the national policy of Turkey regarding its energy resources and consumption

text: The energy policy of Turkey refers to the national policy of Turkey regarding its energy resources and consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Turkey's energy policy

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Turkey

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Turkey has an energy policy

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unsustainable energy use

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the energy policy

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy policy of turkey

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The energy policy of Turkey

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The energy policy of Turkey

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The energy policy of Turkey

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The energy policy of Turkey

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The energy policy of Turkey

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The energy policy of Turkey

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: energy resources and consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The energy policy of Turkey

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The energy policy of Turkey

text: Our behaviour as consumers is not simply a reflection of the rational dimensions of the costs and benefits of a particular consumption activity and what we know about it, nor is it fully explained by how we perceive the consumption activity as an individual. It is also explained by how we think our consumption activities will be perceived by others, and how that might be reflect and influence our place in society.

text: Our behaviour as consumers is not simply a reflection of the rational dimensions of the costs and benefits of a particular consumption activity and what we know about it, nor is it fully explained by how we perceive the consumption activity as an individual. It is also explained by how we think our consumption activities will be perceived by others, and how that might be reflect and influence our place in society.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a change in consumer behaviour

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: how we perceive the consumption activity as an individual

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: our place in society.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Our behaviour as consumers is not simply a reflection of the rational dimensions

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Our

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Our behaviour as consumers is not simply a reflection of the rational dimensions

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Our behaviour as consumers is not simply a reflection of the rational dimensions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Our behaviour as consumers

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Our behaviour as consumers

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Our behaviour as consumers is not simply a reflection of the rational dimensions

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption activity

text: The Kingdom's consumption of its own oil production has steadily increased and it now consumes about one quarter of its oil production (approximately three million barrels per day). As of 2012 petrol in Saudi Arabia was sold at a price cheaper than bottled water—approximately $.50 US per gallon.  According to Jim Krane, "Saudi Arabia now consumes more oil than Germany, an industrialized country with triple the population and an economy nearly five times as large."  According to a report by Citigroup’s analyst Heidy Rehman, "As a result of its subsidies we calculate 'lost' oil and gas revenues to Saudi Arabia in 2011 to be over $80 billion", adding that "at the domestic level, we believe the only real way to rationalize energy consumption would be to reduce subsidy levels."

text: The Kingdom's consumption of its own oil production has steadily increased and it now consumes about one quarter of its oil production (approximately three million barrels per day). As of 2012 petrol in Saudi Arabia was sold at a price cheaper than bottled water—approximately $.50 US per gallon.  According to Jim Krane, "Saudi Arabia now consumes more oil than Germany, an industrialized country with triple the population and an economy nearly five times as large."  According to a report by Citigroup’s analyst Heidy Rehman, "As a result of its subsidies we calculate 'lost' oil and gas revenues to Saudi Arabia in 2011 to be over $80 billion", adding that "at the domestic level, we believe the only real way to rationalize energy consumption would be to reduce subsidy levels."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Saudi Arabia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Saudi Arabia now consumes more oil than Germany

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: petrol in Saudi Arabia was sold at a price cheaper than bottled water—approximately

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Kingdom's consumption of its own oil production has steadily increased

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Germany,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: bottled water—approximately

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 'lost' oil and gas revenues

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The Kingdom's consumption of its own oil production has steadily increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: subsidies

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: petrol in Saudi Arabia was sold at a price cheaper than bottled water—approximately

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: one quarter of its oil production

text: The longest-standing Māori grievances generally involve land. In the century after 1840 Māori lost possession of most of their land, although the amount lost varied significantly between iwi. In some cases the land was purchased legitimately from willing Māori sellers, but in many cases the transfer was legally and/or morally dubious. The best known cause of Māori land loss is the confiscation in the Waikato and Taranaki regions following the New Zealand Wars. Other causes included owners selling land without fully understanding the implications of the sale (especially in the early years of colonisation); groups selling land which did not belong to them; Pākehā traders enticing land owners into debt and then claiming the land as payment; the conducting of unrequested surveys which were then charged to the owners, and the unpaid bills from this used to justify taking the land; levying of unreasonable rates and confiscation following non-payment; the taking of land for public works; and simple fraud. Upon losing land, most iwi quickly embarked on campaigns to regain it but these were largely unsuccessful. Some iwi received token payments from the government but continued to agitate for the return of the land or, failing that, adequate compensation.

text: The longest-standing Māori grievances generally involve land. In the century after 1840 Māori lost possession of most of their land, although the amount lost varied significantly between

text: iwi

text: . In some cases the land was purchased legitimately from willing Māori sellers, but in many cases the transfer was legally and/or morally dubious. The best known cause of Māori land loss is the

text: confiscation

text: in the

text: Waikato

text: and

text: Taranaki

text: regions following the

text: New Zealand Wars

text: . Other causes included owners selling land without fully understanding the implications of the sale (especially in the early years of colonisation); groups selling land which did not belong to them; Pākehā traders enticing land owners into debt and then claiming the land as payment; the conducting of unrequested surveys which were then charged to the owners, and the unpaid bills from this used to justify taking the land; levying of unreasonable rates and confiscation following non-payment; the taking of land for

text: public works

text: ; and simple fraud. Upon losing land, most iwi quickly embarked on campaigns to regain it but these were largely unsuccessful. Some iwi received token payments from the government but continued to agitate for the return of the land or, failing that, adequate compensation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Waikato

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unreasonable rates

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: M<unk>ori lost possession of most of their land,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1840

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Waikato and Taranaki

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: land.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The longest-standing M<unk>ori grievances generally involve land.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: M<unk>ori lost possession of most of their land,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: taking of land for public works;

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: land.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unreasonable rates

text: Power consumption of the full 11936 CPU system will be approx 605 kW, but all the power used will be from green energy sources.

text: Power consumption of the full 11936 CPU system will be approx 605

text: kW

text: , but all the power used will be from

text: green energy

text: sources.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: power consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: green energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: green energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Power consumption of the full 11936

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: green energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Power consumption of the full 11936

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: green energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: green energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: green energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Power consumption

text: The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan has responded with a report pointing out that while the consumption of more than 4.7 g hijiki seaweed per day could result in an intake of inorganic arsenic that exceeds the tolerable daily intake for this substance, the average daily consumption for Japanese people is estimated at 0.9 g. Several of the reports from other food safety agencies acknowledged that occasional hijiki consumption was unlikely to cause significant health risks, but advised against all consumption regardless.

text: The

text: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan

text: has responded with a report pointing out that while the consumption of more than 4.7 g hijiki seaweed per day could result in an intake of inorganic arsenic that exceeds the tolerable daily intake for this substance, the average daily consumption for Japanese people is estimated at 0.9 g. Several of the reports from other food safety agencies acknowledged that occasional hijiki consumption was unlikely to cause significant health risks, but advised against all consumption regardless.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Japan

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: inorganic arsenic

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of more than 4.7 g

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: intake of inorganic arsenic

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Japan

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: inorganic arsenic

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Japan

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption of more than 4.7 g hijiki seaweed

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: more than 4.7 g hijiki seaweed per day

text: The predictions of Ehrlich and other neo-Malthusians were vigorously challenged by a number of economists, notably Julian Lincoln Simon, and advances in agriculture, collectively known as the Green Revolution, forestalled any potential global famine in the late 20th century. Between 1950 and 1984, as the Green Revolution transformed agriculture around the world, grain production increased by over 250%. The world population has grown by over four billion since the beginning of the Green Revolution, but food production has so far kept pace with population growth. Most scholars believe that, without the Revolution, there would be greater levels of famine and malnutrition than the UN presently documents. However, neo-Malthusians point out that the energy for the Green Revolution was provided by fossil fuels, in the form of natural gas-derived fertilizers, oil-derived pesticides, and hydrocarbon-fueled irrigation, and that many crops have become so genetically uniform that a crop failure in any one country could potentially have global repercussions.

text: The predictions of Ehrlich and other

text: neo-Malthusians

text: were vigorously challenged by a number of economists, notably

text: Julian Lincoln Simon

text: , and advances in agriculture, collectively known as the

text: Green Revolution

text: , forestalled any potential global famine in the late 20th century. Between 1950 and 1984, as the Green Revolution transformed agriculture around the world, grain production increased by over 250%. The world population has grown by over four billion since the beginning of the Green Revolution, but food production has so far kept pace with population growth. Most scholars believe that, without the Revolution, there would be greater levels of famine and malnutrition than the UN presently documents. However, neo-Malthusians point out that the energy for the Green Revolution was provided by

text: fossil fuels

text: , in the form of natural gas-derived

text: fertilizers

text: , oil-derived

text: pesticides

text: , and

text: hydrocarbon

text: -fueled

text: irrigation

text: , and that many crops have become so genetically uniform that a crop failure in any one country could potentially have global repercussions.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: grain production increased by over 25%

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: forestalled any potential global famine

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: natural gas-derived fertilizers

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: grain production increased by over 250%.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: food production has so far kept pace with population growth.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the UN

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Green Revolution,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: famine and malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: forestalled any potential global famine

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fossil fuels,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green Revolution,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: malnutrition

text: In an attempt to reduce air pollution, the Chinese government has made the decision to enforce stricter regulations. After record-high air pollution in northern China in 2012 and 2013, the State Council issued an Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in September 2013. This plan aims to reduce air pollution by over 10% from 2012 to 2017. The most prominent government response has been in Beijing. As the capital  of China, it is suffering from high levels of air pollution. According to Reuters, in September 2013, the Chinese government published the plan to tackle air pollution problem on its official website. The main goal of the plan is to reduce coal consumption by closing polluting mills, factories and smelters and switching to other eco-friendly energy sources.

text: In an attempt to reduce air pollution, the Chinese government has made the decision to enforce stricter regulations. After record-high air pollution in northern China in 2012 and 2013, the State Council issued an Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in September 2013. This plan aims to reduce air pollution by over 10% from 2012 to 2017. The most prominent government response has been in Beijing. As the capital  of China, it is suffering from high levels of air pollution. According to Reuters, in September 2013, the Chinese government published the plan to tackle air pollution problem on its official website. The main goal of the plan is to reduce coal consumption by closing polluting mills, factories and smelters and switching to other eco-friendly energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: northern China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: record-high air pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Which of the following is not a basic human necessity?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: What is the main goal of the plan to reduce coal consumption?

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: eco-friendly energy sources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 10% from 2012 to 2017.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: northern China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: record-high air pollution in northern China

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: coal

text: Not all of Harrison's writing was comic, though. He wrote many stories on serious themes, of which by far the best known is the novel about overpopulation and consumption of the world's resources, Make Room! Make Room! (1966), which was used as a basis for the 1973 science fiction film Soylent Green (though the film changed the plot and theme).

text: Not all of Harrison's writing was comic, though. He wrote many stories on serious themes, of which by far the best known is the novel about

text: overpopulation

text: and consumption of the world's resources,

text: Make Room! Make Room!

text: (1966), which was used as a basis for the 1973 science fiction film

text: Soylent Green

text: (though the film changed the plot and theme).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Soylent Green

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Soylent Green

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation and consumption of the world's resources,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Make Room! Make Room!

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation and consumption of the world's resources,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Make Room! Make Room! (1966),

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the world's resources,

text: In the United States unhealthy levels of pollution are measured by the Environmental Protection Agency and independent researchers or agencies, like the American Lung Association.  Federal limits and pollution standards are set by the Clean Air Act.

text: In the United States unhealthy levels of pollution are measured by the Environmental Protection Agency and independent researchers or agencies, like the American Lung Association.  Federal limits and pollution standards are set by the Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unhealthy levels of pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unhealthy levels of pollution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unhealthy levels of pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In the United States

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In the United States

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: In the United States

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unhealthy levels of pollution

text: A growing minority of States have adopted the Uniform Vendor and Purchaser Risk Act (UVPRA) in one form or another. The UVPRA negates the doctrine of Equitable Conversion as it relates to the risk associated with loss.  The risk of loss is retained by the seller (Vendor/Grantor) under the UVPRA.  Generally, the provisions of the UVPRA can be modified or avoided in the Land Sale Contract.

text: A growing minority of States have adopted the

text: Uniform Vendor and Purchaser Risk Act

text: (UVPRA) in one form or another. The UVPRA negates the doctrine of Equitable Conversion as it relates to the risk associated with loss.  The risk of loss is retained by the seller (Vendor/Grantor) under the UVPRA.  Generally, the provisions of the UVPRA can be modified or avoided in the

text: Land Sale Contract

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Nitrogen

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: risk associated with loss

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Uniform Vendor and Purchaser Risk Act

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: A growing minority

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: A growing minority of States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Uniform Vendor and Purchaser Risk Act

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Equitable Conversion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Uniform Vendor and Purchaser Risk Act

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Uniform Vendor and Purchaser Risk Act

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Uniform Vendor and Purchaser Risk Act

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: loss.

text: It has been suggested that green and black tea may protect against cancer or other diseases such as obesity or Alzheimer's disease, but the compounds found in green tea have not been conclusively demonstrated to have any effect on human diseases. One human study demonstrated that regular consumption of black tea over four weeks had no beneficial effect in lowering blood cholesterol levels.

text: It has been suggested that green and black tea may protect against cancer or other diseases such as

text: obesity

text: or

text: Alzheimer's disease

text: , but the compounds found in green tea have not been conclusively demonstrated to have any effect on human diseases. One human study demonstrated that regular consumption of black tea over four weeks had no beneficial effect in lowering

text: blood cholesterol

text: levels.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: regular consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: obesity or Alzheimer's disease,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no beneficial effect in lowering blood cholesterol levels.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: obesity or Alzheimer's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: It has been suggested that green and black tea

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: obesity

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: green and black tea

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: cancer

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: It has been suggested that green and black tea

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: obesity

text: An increase or decrease in an animal population may indicate damage to the ecosystem caused by pollution. For example, if pollution causes the depletion of important food sources, animal species dependent upon these food sources will also be reduced in number: population decline. Overpopulation can be the result of opportunistic species growth. In addition to monitoring the size and number of certain species, other mechanisms of animal indication include monitoring the concentration of toxins in animal tissues, or monitoring the rate at which deformities arise in animal populations, or their behaviour either directly in the field or in a lab.

text: An increase or decrease in an animal

text: population

text: may indicate damage to the ecosystem caused by

text: pollution

text: . For example, if pollution causes the depletion of important food sources, animal species dependent upon these food sources will also be reduced in number:

text: population decline

text: Overpopulation

text: can be the result of opportunistic species growth. In addition to monitoring the size and number of certain species, other mechanisms of animal indication include monitoring the concentration of

text: toxin

text: s in animal tissues, or monitoring the rate at which deformities arise in animal populations, or their behaviour either directly in the field or in a lab.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: toxins

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: opportunistic species growth.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: if pollution causes the depletion of important food sources,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: opportunistic species growth.

text: In the Middle Ages, the island was inhabited, and on it a walled settlement and a monastery could be found. As a result of the continuous erosion of the coast, Griend became smaller over time. In 1287 the settlement was almost completely destroyed as a consequence of St. Lucia's flood. The city was thereafter abandoned and from that time until the eighteenth century, Griend was inhabited by a few farmers, who built their houses on artificial hills. Around 1800, Griend still had an area of 0.25 km, but the island was moving to the southeast at a speed of 7 metres a year. By this time, all of its inhabitants had abandoned the island, and from then on it was used by inhabitants of Terschelling as a grazing area for sheep, and for the making of hay. The eggs of gulls and terns were also gathered for consumption.

text: In the

text: Middle Ages

text: , the island was inhabited, and on it a walled settlement and a

text: monastery

text: could be found. As a result of the continuous erosion of the coast, Griend became smaller over time. In 1287 the settlement was almost completely destroyed as a consequence of

text: St. Lucia's flood

text: . The city was thereafter abandoned and from that time until the eighteenth century, Griend was inhabited by a few farmers, who built their houses on artificial hills. Around 1800, Griend still had an area of 0.25 km, but the island was moving to the southeast at a speed of 7 metres a year. By this time, all of its inhabitants had abandoned the island, and from then on it was used by inhabitants of Terschelling as a grazing area for sheep, and for the making of hay. The eggs of

text: gull

text: s and

text: tern

text: s were also gathered for consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Terschelling

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The eggs of gulls

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: built their houses on artificial hills.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In the Middle Ages,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Griend

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Griend became smaller over time. In 1287

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: hay.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: built their houses on artificial hills.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: erosion of the coast,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The eggs of gulls and terns

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The eggs of gulls and terns

text: The Malthusian growth model now bears Malthus's name. The logistic function of Pierre François Verhulst (1804–1849) results in the S-curve. Verhulst developed the logistic growth model favored by so many critics of the Malthusian growth model in 1838 only after reading Malthus's essay. Malthus has also inspired retired physics professor, Albert Allen Bartlett, to lecture over 1,500 times on "Arithmetic, Population, and Energy", promoting sustainable living and explaining the mathematics of overpopulation.

text: The

text: Malthusian growth model

text: now bears Malthus's name. The

text: logistic function

text: of

text: Pierre François Verhulst

text: (1804–1849) results in the

text: S-curve

text: . Verhulst developed the

text: logistic growth model

text: favored by so many critics of the Malthusian growth model in 1838 only after reading Malthus's essay. Malthus has also inspired retired physics professor,

text: Albert Allen Bartlett

text: , to lecture over 1,500 times on "Arithmetic, Population, and Energy", promoting

text: sustainable living

text: and explaining the mathematics of

text: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Malthusian

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainable living and explaining the mathematics of overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Malthusian growth model

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Malthusian growth model

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: sustainable living and explaining the mathematics of overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Malthusian growth model

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: There have been many studies and negative health impacts, directly relating to mercury contamination in both food sources and the environment. One of the main sources of mercury contamination and over consumption is through fish, already contaminated with high levels of mercury. Mercury can impair, damage, and even destroy functioning nerve tissue-much like lead. The over consumption of methylmercury can also reduce immune system response, damage the nervous system, including coordination, sense of touch, taste, and sight.

text: There have been many studies and negative health impacts, directly relating to mercury contamination in both food sources and the environment. One of the main sources of mercury contamination and over consumption is through fish, already contaminated with high levels of mercury. Mercury can impair, damage, and even destroy functioning nerve tissue-much like lead. The over consumption of methylmercury can also reduce immune system response, damage the nervous system, including coordination, sense of touch, taste, and sight.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: negative health impacts

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: mercury contamination

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: mercury contamination

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: mercury contamination

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: negative health impacts,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: fish,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: mercury contamination

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: mercury contamination

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: mercury contamination

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: fish,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fish, already contaminated with high levels of mercury.

text: Before this, the attitude control system of Kosmos 133 malfunctioned, resulting in rapid consumption of orientation fuel, leaving it spinning at 2 rpm. After large efforts by ground control and 5 attempts at retrofire over two days, the craft was finally coming down for a landing. Due to the inaccuracy of the reentry burn, it was determined that the capsule would land in China. The self-destruct command was given and the satellite exploded 30 November 1966 at 10:21 GMT.

text: Before this, the attitude control system of Kosmos 133 malfunctioned, resulting in rapid consumption of orientation fuel, leaving it spinning at 2 rpm. After large efforts by ground control and 5 attempts at retrofire over two days, the craft was finally coming down for a landing. Due to the inaccuracy of the reentry burn, it was determined that the capsule would land in

text: China

text: . The self-destruct command was given and the satellite exploded 30 November 1966 at 10:21 GMT.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: satellite exploded

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rapid consumption of orientation fuel

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: rapid consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Before this, the attitude control system of Kosmos 133

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Kosmos 133

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption of orientation fuel,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rapid consumption of orientation fuel,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Kosmos 133

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: rapid consumption of orientation fuel,

text: The majority of the people in Kinnigoli work in agriculture. Paddy is the widely grown crop and is mostly grown for consumption rather than sale. Cash crops like Areca nut and cashew are grown in small packets of agricultural land or on uncultivable hillocks. Mango, jackfruit and tamarind trees are scattered over the farm lands.

text: The majority of the people in Kinnigoli work in

text: agriculture

text: Paddy

text: is the widely grown crop and is mostly grown for consumption rather than sale. Cash crops like

text: Areca nut

text: and

text: cashew

text: are grown in small packets of agricultural land or on uncultivable hillocks.

text: Mango

text: jackfruit

text: and

text: tamarind

text: trees are scattered over the farm lands.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no answe

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Kinnigoli

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: paddy is the widely grown crop

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The majority of the people in Kinnigoli work in agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The majority of the people in Kinnigoli work in agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Kinnigoli

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The majority of the people in Kinnigoli work in agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The majority of the people in Kinnigoli

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The majority of the people in Kinnigoli

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Paddy

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: sale.

text: Overpopulation and the ensuing overuse of scarce resources such as water put heavy pressure on the environment. The city suffers from air pollution caused by road dust and industry, with comparatively smaller contributions from unclean engines in transportation, especially diesel-powered city buses and trucks, and 2-wheelers and 3-wheelers with two-stroke engines. Noise pollution comes mainly from motorcycle and automobile traffic. Water pollution and a lack of solid waste treatment facilities have caused serious damage to the river on whose banks Delhi grew, the Yamuna. Besides human and environmental damage, pollution has caused economic damage as well; Delhi may have lost the competition to host the 2014 Asian Games because of its poor environment.

text: Overpopulation and the ensuing overuse of scarce resources such as water put heavy pressure on the environment. The city suffers from air pollution caused by road dust and industry, with comparatively smaller contributions from unclean engines in transportation, especially diesel-powered city buses and trucks, and 2-wheelers and 3-wheelers with two-stroke engines. Noise pollution comes mainly from motorcycle and automobile traffic. Water pollution and a lack of solid waste treatment facilities have caused serious damage to the river on whose banks Delhi grew, the

text: Yamuna

text: . Besides human and environmental damage, pollution has caused economic damage as well; Delhi may have lost the competition to host the

text: 2014 Asian Games

text: because of its poor environment.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unclean engines in transportation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: comparatively smaller

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: scarce resources

text: The transition from traditional agriculture, in which inputs were generated on-farm, to Green Revolution agriculture, which required the purchase of inputs, led to the widespread establishment of rural credit institutions. Smaller farmers often went into debt, which in many cases results in a loss of their farmland.  The increased level of mechanization on larger farms made possible by the Green Revolution removed a large source of employment from the rural economy.  Because wealthier farmers had better access to credit and land, the Green Revolution increased class disparities, with the rich–poor gap widening as a result. Because some regions were able to adopt Green Revolution agriculture more readily than others (for political or geographical reasons), interregional economic disparities increased as well. Many small farmers are hurt by the dropping prices resulting from increased production overall. However, large-scale farming companies only account for less than 10% of the total farming capacity. This is a criticism held by many small producers in the food sovereignty movement.

text: The transition from traditional agriculture, in which inputs were generated on-farm, to Green Revolution agriculture, which required the purchase of inputs, led to the widespread establishment of rural credit institutions. Smaller farmers often went into

text: debt

text: , which in many cases results in a loss of their farmland.  The increased level of mechanization on larger farms made possible by the Green Revolution removed a large source of employment from the rural economy.  Because wealthier farmers had better access to credit and land, the Green Revolution increased class disparities, with the rich–poor gap widening as a result. Because some regions were able to adopt Green Revolution agriculture more readily than others (for political or geographical reasons), interregional economic disparities increased as well. Many small farmers are hurt by the dropping prices resulting from increased production overall. However, large-scale farming companies only account for less than 10% of the total farming capacity. This is a criticism held by many small producers in the

text: food sovereignty

text: movement.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a loss of their farmland

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: interregional economic disparities

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: led to the widespread establishment of rural credit institutions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption refers to

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: widespread establishment of rural credit institutions.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: rich–poor gap widening

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: some regions were able to adopt Green Revolution agriculture more readily than others

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Green Revolution agriculture,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: employment from the rural economy.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: removed a large source of employment from the rural economy.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The transition from traditional agriculture,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The transition from traditional agriculture,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: food sovereignty movement.

text: Depending on your world view, some believe, including Catton, that the Earth's population has already overshot its carrying capacity, by both overpopulation and overconsumption. This may include doomers and those within various degrowth movements.  An alternative view is cornucopian including those who believe matter and energy will be obtained from beyond Earth.

text: Depending on your

text: world view

text: , some believe, including Catton, that the Earth's population has already overshot its carrying capacity, by both

text: overpopulation

text: and

text: overconsumption

text: . This may include

text: doomer

text: s and those within various

text: degrowth

text: movements.  An alternative view is

text: cornucopian

text: including those who believe matter and energy will be obtained from beyond Earth.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation and overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation and overconsumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Earth's population has already overshot its carrying capacity,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: doomers

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the Earth's population has already overshot its carrying capacity,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation and overconsumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation and overconsumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation and overconsumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the Earth's population has already overshot its carrying capacity,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the Earth's population has already overshot its carrying capacity,

text: The striking feature of the island is its forest, a demonstration of the most appealing attribute of the eucalyptus tree: an exceptionally fast growth rate. The hills around Bunyonyi used to feature many forests but overpopulation led to them being cut down to create land for agriculture needs. Eucalypti have been imported to improve the situation. But eucalyptus plants may also have a negative effect: they can soak everything useful in the soil, leaving it more or less barren.

text: The striking feature of the island is its forest, a demonstration of the most appealing attribute of the eucalyptus tree: an exceptionally fast growth rate. The hills around Bunyonyi used to feature many forests but overpopulation led to them being cut down to create land for agriculture needs. Eucalypti have been imported to improve the situation. But eucalyptus plants may also have a negative effect: they can soak everything useful in the soil, leaving it more or less barren.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Bunyonyi

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic necessities of Bunyonyi?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Eucalypti have been imported to improve the situation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Eucalypti have been imported to improve the situation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Bunyonyi

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Eucalypti

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: leaving it more or less barren.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation led to them being cut down

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: eucalyptus plants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: eucalyptus tree: an exceptionally fast growth rate.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Environmental degradation has gradually caused part of the peninsula to erode into the ocean. Endemic problems include overpopulation and diseases such as tuberculosis.

text: Environmental degradation

text: has gradually caused part of the peninsula to

text: erode into the ocean

text: . Endemic problems include

text: overpopulation

text: and diseases such as

text: tuberculosis

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the peninsula

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: tuberculose

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Environmental degradation has gradually caused part of the peninsula to erode into the ocean.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: tuberculosis.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: tuberculosis.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Endemic problems

text: The concept underlying the album is, according to Graham, a tale of "one possible future of human failure [involving] the collapse of society due to overpopulation and pollution".  He further detailed the concept as a story humanity "realiz[ing] too late that the importance of their government, their nationalism, and their religions meant nothing in relation to the damage we are inflicting on our planet."  The concept extends to the album cover art, which portrays what Graham describes as "a small surviving group of revolutionaries [who] are biding time until their own demise. The body and the flag represent humanity, and are being ironically sacrificed to the earth...more fire, more smoke, more pollution. They know now that their revolution/realization happened too late, and that the earth will soon be on its own."

text: The concept underlying the album is, according to Graham, a tale of "one possible future of human failure [involving] the collapse of society due to overpopulation and pollution".  He further detailed the concept as a story humanity "realiz[ing] too late that the importance of their government, their nationalism, and their religions meant nothing in relation to the damage we are inflicting on our planet."  The concept extends to the album cover art, which portrays what Graham describes as "a small surviving group of revolutionaries [who] are biding time until their own demise. The body and the flag represent humanity, and are being ironically sacrificed to the earth...more fire, more smoke, more pollution. They know now that their revolution/realization happened too late, and that the earth will soon be on its own."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation and pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation and pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation and pollution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the earth will soon be on its own."

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution".

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation and pollution".

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation and pollution".

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation and pollution".

text: Society and government in England in the early 14th century were challenged by the Great Famine and the Black Death. The economic and demographic crisis created a sudden surplus of land, undermining the ability of landowners to exert their feudal rights and causing a collapse in incomes from rented lands. Wages soared, as employers competed for a scarce workforce. Legislation was introduced to limit wages and to prevent the consumption of luxury goods by the lower classes, with prosecutions coming to take up most of the legal system's energy and time. A poll tax was introduced in 1377 that spread the costs of the war in France more widely across the whole population. The tensions spilled over into violence in the summer of 1381 in the form of the Peasants' Revolt; a violent retribution followed, with as many as 7,000 alleged rebels executed. A new class of gentry emerged as a result of these changes, renting land from the major nobility to farm out at a profit. The legal system continued to expand during the 14th century, dealing with an ever-wider set of complex problems.

text: Society and government in England in the early 14th century were challenged by the

text: Great Famine

text: and the Black Death. The economic and demographic crisis created a sudden surplus of land, undermining the ability of landowners to exert their feudal rights and causing a collapse in incomes from rented lands. Wages soared, as employers competed for a scarce workforce. Legislation was introduced to

text: limit wages

text: and to

text: prevent the consumption of luxury goods

text: by the lower classes, with prosecutions coming to take up most of the legal system's energy and time. A

text: poll tax

text: was introduced in 1377 that spread the costs of the war in France more widely across the whole population. The tensions spilled over into violence in the summer of 1381 in the form of the Peasants' Revolt; a violent retribution followed, with as many as 7,000 alleged rebels executed. A new class of

text: gentry

text: emerged as a result of these changes, renting land from the major nobility to farm out at a profit. The legal system continued to expand during the 14th century, dealing with an ever-wider set of complex problems.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The legal system continued to expand during what century?

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: France

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: How many people do not have enough clean water for drinking?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The economic and demographic crisis created a sudden surplus of land

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Which of the following is not a basic human necessity?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: luxury goods

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: A new class of gentry

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Wages soared,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: England

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Great Famine

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Black Death.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: surplus of land,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: surplus of land,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Great Famine and the Black Death.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: luxury goods

text: ROSA uses resource consumption accounting (RCA) which is internationally recognized as the most robust form of cost management measurement for providing marginal cost analytics.

text: ROSA uses resource consumption accounting (RCA) which is internationally recognized as the most robust form of cost management measurement for providing marginal cost analytics.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: ROSA using RCA

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: marginal cost

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: ROSA uses resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: ROSA uses resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: ROSA

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: ROSA uses resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: marginal cost

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: ROSA uses resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: ROSA uses resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: marginal cost

text: Tax concessions were offered for investment in less-developed areas. These measures had important consequences in bringing industry to Punjab and gave rise to a new class of small industrialists. Land reform, consolidation of holdings, and stern measures against hoarding were combined with rural credit programs and work programs, higher procurement prices, augmented allocations for agriculture, and, especially, improved seeds were introduced as part of the green revolution. However, academics have argued that while the HYV technology enabled a sharp acceleration in agricultural growth, it was accompanied by social polarization and increased inter personal and inter regional inequality.

text: Tax concessions were offered for investment in less-developed areas. These measures had important consequences in bringing industry to Punjab and gave rise to a new class of small industrialists. Land reform, consolidation of holdings, and stern measures against hoarding were combined with rural credit programs and work programs, higher procurement prices, augmented allocations for agriculture, and, especially, improved seeds were introduced as part of the

text: green revolution

text: . However, academics have argued that while the HYV technology enabled a sharp acceleration in agricultural growth, it was accompanied by social polarization and increased inter personal and inter regional inequality.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: agricultural growth

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: inter regional inequality

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agricultural growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: hoarding

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: social polarization and increased inter personal and inter regional inequality.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: HYV technology enabled a sharp acceleration in agricultural growth,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: inter regional

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Tax concessions were offered for investment in less-developed areas.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: inter personal and inter regional inequality.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: improved seeds

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: HYV technology

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: improved seeds were introduced as part of the green revolution.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: hoarding

text: With the ever-increasing demands for resources necessitated by urbanization, recent campaigns to move toward sustainable energy and resource consumption, such as LEED certification of buildings, Energy Star certified appliances, and zero emission vehicles, have gained momentum. Sustainability reflects techniques and consumption ensuring reasonably low resource use as a component of urban ecology. Techniques such as carbon recapture may also be used to sequester carbon compounds produced in urban centers rather continually emitting more of the greenhouse gas.

text: With the ever-increasing

text: demands for resources

text: necessitated by urbanization, recent campaigns to move toward sustainable energy and resource consumption, such as

entity_name: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

text: LEED certification

text: of buildings,

text: Energy Star

text: certified appliances, and

text: zero emission

text: vehicles, have gained momentum. Sustainability reflects techniques and consumption ensuring reasonably low resource use as a component of urban ecology. Techniques such as carbon recapture may also be used to

text: sequester

text: carbon compounds produced in urban centers rather continually emitting more of the

text: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: LEED certification

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urbanization

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainable energy and resource consumption,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: recent campaigns to move toward sustainable energy and resource consumption,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urbanization,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: urbanization,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: urbanization,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: urbanization,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: LEED certification of buildings, Energy Star certified appliances, and zero emission vehicles,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: ever-increasing demands for resources

text: Ecological backpack is calculated by subtracting the net weight of the products from the total material input of it. The ecological backpack illustrates the hidden flows which cannot be seen in the final product. In many cases vast amount of resources are used or transferred in the developing world where the raw material production takes place. It is important to find tools to illustrate these mass movements since consumption of the products by large part takes place in the developed world. In many cases the weight of backpacks are multiple times heavier than the product itself.

text: Ecological backpack is calculated by subtracting the net weight of the products from the total material input of it. The ecological backpack illustrates the hidden flows which cannot be seen in the final product. In many cases vast amount of resources are used or transferred in the developing world where the raw material production takes place. It is important to find tools to illustrate these mass movements since consumption of the products by large part takes place in the developed world. In many cases the weight of backpacks are multiple times heavier than the product itself.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: vast amount of resources

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing world

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: vast amount of resources are used or transferred in the developing world

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: in the developed world

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: vast amount of resources are used or transferred in the developing world

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In many cases vast amount of resources are used or transferred in the developing world

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing world

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: developing world

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: vast amount of resources

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: vast amount of resources are used or transferred in the developing world

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: raw material production takes place.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Ecological backpack

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of the products by large part takes place in the developed world.

text: According to a study made on the environmental pollution of Udaisagar, Udai sagar lake's water revealed high phosphate contents, due to  discharge of pollutants from surrounding phosphorite mines, chemical factories, distillary, sewage and domestic waste from settlements and  hotels. All these pollutants, reaching this lake through the River Ahar, make the water unhygenic for human consumption and unfavorable for survival of aquatic life.

text: According to a study made on the environmental pollution of Udaisagar, Udai sagar lake's water revealed high phosphate contents, due to  discharge of pollutants from surrounding phosphorite mines, chemical factories, distillary, sewage and domestic waste from settlements and  hotels. All these pollutants, reaching this lake through the River Ahar, make the water unhygenic for human consumption and unfavorable for survival of aquatic life.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unhygenic

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Udaisagar

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: environmental pollution of Udaisagar,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Udaisagar,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unhygenic for human consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: phosphate

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: high phosphate contents,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: unhygenic for human consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human consumption

text: The higher initial cost of a fluorescent lamp compared with an incandescent lamp  is usually more than compensated for by lower energy consumption over its life.

text: The higher initial cost of a fluorescent lamp compared with an incandescent lamp  is usually more than compensated for by lower energy consumption over its life.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: incandescent lamps

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: non-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: lower energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The higher initial cost of a fluorescent lamp

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The higher initial cost of a fluorescent lamp

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The higher initial cost of a fluorescent lamp

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The higher initial cost of a fluorescent lamp

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The higher initial cost of a fluorescent lamp

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The higher initial cost of a fluorescent lamp

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

text: Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater). This form of environmental degradation occurs when pollutants are  directly or indirectly discharged  into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.

text: Water pollution is the contamination of

text: water

text: bodies (e.g.

text: lake

text: s,

text: river

text: s,

text: ocean

text: s,

text: aquifer

text: s and

text: groundwater

text: ). This form of

text: environmental degradation

text: occurs when

text: pollutant

text: s are  directly or indirectly discharged  into water bodies without adequate

text: treatment

text: to remove harmful compounds.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: harmful compounds

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: not enough information

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: uncontrolled consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Water pollution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Water pollution

text: Economic growth began to falter at the end of the 13th century, owing to a combination of overpopulation, land shortages and depleted soils. The Great Famine shook the English economy severely and population growth ceased; the first outbreak of the Black Death in 1348 then killed around half the English population. The agricultural sector shrank rapidly, with higher wages, lower prices and diminishing profits leading to the final demise of the old demesne system and the advent of the modern farming system centring on the charging of cash rents for lands. As returns on land fell, many estates, and in some cases entire settlements, were simply abandoned, and nearly 1,500 villages were deserted during this period. A new class of gentry emerged who rented farms from the major nobility. Unsuccessful government attempts were made to regulate wages and consumption, but these largely collapsed in the decades following the Peasants' Revolt of 1381.

text: Economic growth began to falter at the end of the 13th century, owing to a combination of

text: overpopulation

text: , land shortages and

text: depleted soils

text: . The Great Famine shook the English economy severely and population growth ceased; the first outbreak of the Black Death in 1348 then killed around half the English population. The agricultural sector shrank rapidly, with higher wages, lower prices and diminishing profits leading to the final demise of the old demesne system and the advent of the modern farming system centring on the charging of cash rents for lands. As returns on land fell, many estates, and in some cases entire settlements, were simply abandoned, and nearly 1,500

text: villages were deserted

text: during this period. A new class of gentry emerged who rented farms from the major nobility. Unsuccessful government attempts were made to regulate wages and consumption, but these largely collapsed in the decades following the Peasants' Revolt of 1381.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the advent of the modern farming system

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: English

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The agricultural sector shrank rapidly

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: depleted soils

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: modern farming system

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: higher wages,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Peasants' Revolt

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation, land shortages and depleted soils.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Black Death

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: modern farming system centring on the charging of cash rents for lands.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: depleted soils.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Great Famine

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: By 2013 it was shown that as the water consumption efficiency of the center-pivot irrigator improved over the years, farmers planted more intensively, irrigated more land, and grew thirstier crops.

text: By 2013 it was shown that as the water consumption efficiency of the center-pivot irrigator improved over the years, farmers planted more intensively, irrigated more land, and grew thirstier crops.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no ans

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the water consumption efficiency

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: water consumption efficiency

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: thirstier crops.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: By 2013

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: water

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: grew thirstier crops.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: farmers planted more intensively, irrigated more land,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: By 2013

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: thirstier crops.

text: Protocatechuic acid is one of the main catechins metabolites found in humans after consumption of green tea infusions.

text: Protocatechuic acid is one of the main catechins

text: metabolite

text: s found in humans after consumption of

text: green tea

text: infusions.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of green tea

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming too much caffeine

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: green tea infusions.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Protocatechuic acid

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Protocatechuic acid

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Protocatechuic acid

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Protocatechuic acid

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: green tea infusions.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption of green tea infusions.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: green tea

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: green tea infusions.

text: Pollution degrades the value of what Georgists consider to be commons. Because pollution is a negative contribution, a taking from the commons or a cost imposed on others, its value is economic rent, even when the polluter is not receiving an explicit income. Therefore, to the extent that society determines pollution to be harmful, most Georgists propose to limit pollution with taxation or quotas that capture the resulting rents for public use, restoration, or a citizen's dividend.

text: Pollution degrades the value of what Georgists consider to be

text: commons

text: . Because pollution is a negative contribution, a taking from the commons or a cost imposed on others, its value is

text: economic rent

text: , even when the polluter is not receiving an explicit income. Therefore, to the extent that society determines pollution to be harmful, most Georgists propose to limit pollution with taxation or quotas that capture the resulting rents for public use, restoration, or a citizen's dividend.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: polluting the value of what Georgists consider to be commons

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: citizen's dividend.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Pollution

text: Rates of dairy consumption vary widely worldwide. High-consumption countries consume over 150 kg per capita per year: Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Costa Rica, Europe, Israel, Kyrgyzstan, North America and Pakistan. Medium-consumption countries consume 30 to 150 kg per capita per year: India, Iran, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, Mongolia, New Zealand, North and Southern Africa, most of the Middle East, and most of Latin America and the Caribbean. Low-consumption countries consume under 30 kg per capita per year: Senegal, most of Central Africa, and most of East and Southeast Asia.

text: Rates of dairy consumption vary widely worldwide. High-consumption countries consume over 150 kg per capita per year: Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Costa Rica, Europe, Israel, Kyrgyzstan, North America and Pakistan. Medium-consumption countries consume 30 to 150 kg per capita per year: India, Iran, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, Mongolia, New Zealand, North and Southern Africa, most of the Middle East, and most of Latin America and the Caribbean. Low-consumption countries consume under 30 kg per capita per year: Senegal, most of Central Africa, and most of East and Southeast Asia.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: India, Iran, Japan

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Senegal

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: dairy consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: High

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Rates of dairy consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Senegal,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Senegal,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Senegal,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: dairy

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Rates of dairy consumption vary widely worldwide.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Rates of dairy consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 30 to 150 kg per capita per year:

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: High-consumption countries consume over 150 kg per capita per year:

text: Consumption causes visual damage, mental confusion, and memory loss.

text: Consumption causes visual damage, mental confusion, and memory loss.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption causing mental confusion

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Consumption causes visual damage

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no one can eat more

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Consumption causes visual damage, mental confusion, and memory loss.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Consumption causes visual damage, mental confusion, and memory loss.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Consumption causes visual damage, mental confusion, and memory loss.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Consumption causes visual damage, mental confusion, and memory loss.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Consumption causes visual damage, mental confusion, and memory loss.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption causes visual damage, mental confusion, and memory loss.

text: As a laxative syrup with a concentration of 1.745 g of magnesium citrate per fluid ounce, a typical dose for adults and children twelve years or older is between , followed immediately with a full  glass of water. Consuming an adult dose of 10 oz of laxative syrup (@ 1.745 g/oz) implies a consumption of 17.45 g of magnesium citrate in a single 10 oz dose resulting in a consumption of approximately 2.0 g of elemental magnesium per single dose. Given that this laxative dose contains five times the recommended nutritional dose for magnesium, caution should be taken to avoid prolonged usage (i.e., over five days) and to follow the manufacturer's instructions strictly. For children between three and twelve years of age, the typical dose is roughly half that, based on physician recommendation. Magnesium citrate is not recommended for use in children and infants two years of age or less.

text: As a laxative syrup with a concentration of 1.745 g of magnesium citrate per fluid ounce, a typical dose for adults and children twelve years or older is between , followed immediately with a full  glass of water. Consuming an adult dose of 10 oz of laxative syrup (@ 1.745 g/oz) implies a consumption of 17.45 g of magnesium citrate in a single 10 oz dose resulting in a consumption of approximately 2.0 g of elemental magnesium per single dose. Given that this laxative dose contains five times the recommended nutritional dose for magnesium, caution should be taken to avoid prolonged usage (i.e., over five days) and to follow the manufacturer's instructions strictly. For children between three and twelve years of age, the typical dose is roughly half that, based on physician recommendation. Magnesium citrate is not recommended for use in children and infants two years of age or less.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: magnesium citrate

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: prolonged usage

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 2.0 g of elemental magnesium per single dose.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: two years of age or less.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: twelve years or older is between,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 2.0 g of elemental magnesium

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 2.0 g of elemental magnesium

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: laxative syrup

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: two years of age or less.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: prolonged usage

text: Finally, maintenance can create value through the smarter management of resources. This is called "Resource Allocation" in VDM. It is not about the consumption of resources, because that is already covered in the Cost Control value driver. Within VDM, a distinction is made between four types of resources: technicians, spare parts, contractors and knowledge. One need to think only of cash flows freed up as a result of smarter management or savings on warehouses, logistical employees, insurance and the avoidance of obsolete and surplus spare parts. In practise, it often turns out that the value potential of smart management of spare parts by far exceeds the value potential of the other resources.

text: Finally, maintenance can create value through the smarter management of resources. This is called "Resource Allocation" in VDM. It is not about the consumption of resources, because that is already covered in the Cost Control value driver. Within VDM, a distinction is made between four types of resources: technicians, spare parts, contractors and knowledge. One need to think only of cash flows freed up as a result of smarter management or savings on warehouses, logistical employees, insurance and the avoidance of obsolete and surplus spare parts. In practise, it often turns out that the value potential of smart management of spare parts by far exceeds the value potential of the other resources.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: obsolete and surplus spare parts

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: cash flows freed up

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: "Resource Allocation" in VDM.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: "Resource Allocation" in VDM.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "Resource Allocation" in VDM.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: obsolete and surplus spare parts.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: maintenance can create value through the smarter management of resources.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: obsolete and surplus spare parts.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: "Resource Allocation" in VDM.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of resources,

text: The Green Revolution of the late 1960s brought about self-sufficiency in food in many developing economies. At the same time an increasing number of people began to seek urban prosperity over agrarian life. This consequently saw the duality of transition of diverse interaction across social communities amid increasing information blockade across social class.

text: The

text: Green Revolution

text: of the late 1960s brought about self-sufficiency in food in many developing economies. At the same time an increasing number of people began to seek urban prosperity over agrarian life. This consequently saw the duality of transition of diverse interaction across social

text: communities

text: amid increasing information blockade across

text: social class

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: self-sufficiency

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing economies

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: self-sufficiency

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: self-sufficiency

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: self-sufficiency in food

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasing number of people began to seek urban prosperity over agrarian life.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urban

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: information blockade

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: self-sufficiency in food

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: information blockade

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: self-sufficiency in food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: urban prosperity over agrarian life.

text: The term human overpopulation often refers to the relationship between the entire human population and its environment: the Earth, or to smaller geographical areas such as countries. Overpopulation can result from an increase in births, a decline in mortality rates, an increase in immigration, or an unsustainable biome and depletion of resources. It is possible for very sparsely populated areas to be overpopulated if the area has a meagre or non-existent capability to sustain life (e.g. a desert). Advocates of population moderation cite issues like quality of life, carrying capacity and risk of starvation as a basis to argue against continuing high human population growth and for population decline. In either case, a consideration is that any population crash be nonviolent.

text: The term human overpopulation often refers to the relationship between the

text: entire human population

text: and its

text: environment

text: : the Earth, or to smaller geographical areas such as countries. Overpopulation can result from an increase in

text: births

text: , a decline in

text: mortality rate

text: s, an increase in

text: immigration

text: , or an

text: unsustainable

text: biome

text: and depletion of resources. It is possible for very sparsely populated areas to be overpopulated if the area has a meagre or non-existent capability to sustain life (e.g. a

text: desert

text: ). Advocates of population moderation cite issues like

text: quality of life

text: carrying capacity

text: and risk of

text: starvation

text: as a basis to argue against continuing high human population growth and for

text: population decline

text: . In either case, a consideration is that any

text: population crash

text: be nonviolent.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: depletion of resources

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unsustainable biome and depletion of resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: population decline.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: desert).

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: depletion of resources.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation can result from an increase in births,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the relationship between the entire human population and its environment:

text: After playing for a long period (the exact amount varies from game to game), a bug called Autarky sets in. The Autarky bug will always happen if the game is going on for a long period. It makes it nearly impossible for a nation to trade because everyone has a surplus for many of the items they trade. This causes nations to begin to lose money, since they can no longer make money from trade. While in most cases the bug eventually occurs, the use of extensive measures within player controlled countries- such as explosive population growth manipulation, severe limiting of human development and minimal infrastructures and telecommunications development- can maintain a permanent, large, and increasing resource deficit, which results in permanent importing for the player country, and massive export growth for virtually all other countries. With extreme population manipulation through the building and canceling of large amounts of soldiers while paused, it is possible to sustain a pan-global computer nation export economy with one underdeveloped, vastly overpopulated nation.

text: After playing for a long period (the exact amount varies from game to game), a

text: bug

text: called

text: Autarky

text: sets in. The Autarky bug will always happen if the game is going on for a long period. It makes it nearly impossible for a nation to trade because everyone has a surplus for many of the items they trade. This causes nations to begin to lose money, since they can no longer make money from trade. While in most cases the bug eventually occurs, the use of extensive measures within player controlled countries- such as explosive population growth manipulation, severe limiting of human development and minimal infrastructures and telecommunications development- can maintain a permanent, large, and increasing resource deficit, which results in permanent importing for the player country, and massive export growth for virtually all other countries. With extreme population manipulation through the building and canceling of large amounts of soldiers while paused, it is possible to sustain a pan-global computer nation export economy with one underdeveloped, vastly overpopulated nation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the player country

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: massive export growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: After playing for a long period

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: massive export growth for virtually all other countries.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: massive export growth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: underdeveloped, vastly overpopulated nation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Autarky

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: money,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: massive export growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: a bug

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Autarky

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: surplus

text: Important pressures contributing to current and future ecological collapse include habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation, overgrazing, overexploitation of ecosystems by humans, human industrial growth and overpopulation, climate change, ocean acidification, pollution, and invasive species.

text: Important pressures contributing to current and future ecological collapse include

text: habitat loss

text: degradation

text: , and

text: fragmentation

text: , overgrazing,

text: overexploitation

text: of ecosystems by humans, human industrial growth and overpopulation,

text: climate change

text: ocean acidification

text: pollution

text: , and

text: invasive species

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: ocean acidification

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overgrazing

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: ecological collapse

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Important pressures contributing to current and future ecological collapse

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: human industrial growth and overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pollution, and invasive species.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overgrazing, overexploitation of ecosystems

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: ocean acidification,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Important pressures contributing to current and future ecological collapse

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overexploitation of ecosystems by humans,

text: Steven Westley Mosher (born May 9, 1948) is an American social scientist, pro-life activist and author who specializes in demography and in Chinese population control. He is the president of the Population Research Institute, an advocate for human rights in China, and has been instrumental in exposing abuses in China's one-child policy as well as other human rights abuses in population control programs around the world. He denies that the world is overpopulated and believes to the contrary that it needs more people.

text: Steven Westley Mosher (born May 9, 1948) is an American social scientist,

text: pro-life

text: activist and author who specializes in demography and in Chinese

text: population control

text: . He is the president of the

text: Population Research Institute

text: , an advocate for human rights in China, and has been instrumental in exposing abuses in China's

text: one-child policy

text: as well as other human rights abuses in population control programs around the world. He denies that the world is

text: overpopulated

text: and believes to the contrary that it

text: needs more people

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: China's population control

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: He denies that the world is overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Steven Westley Mosher

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Steven Westley Mosher

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Steven Westley Mosher

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulated

text: Recently there has been a large increase in international agreements and national Energy Action Plans, such as the EU 2009 Renewable Energy Directive, to increase the use of renewable energy due to the growing concerns about pollution from energy sources that come from fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas. One such initiative was the United Nations Development Programme's World Energy Assessment in 2000 that highlighted many challenges humanity would have to overcome in order to shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. From 2000–2012 renewable energy grew at a rate higher than any other point in history, with a consumption increase of 176.5 million tonnes of oil. During this period, oil, coal, and natural gas continued to grow and had increases that were much higher than the increase in renewable energy. The following figures illustrate the growth in consumption of fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas as well as renewable sources of energy during this period.

text: Recently there has been a large increase in international agreements and national Energy Action Plans, such as the EU 2009 Renewable Energy Directive, to increase the use of renewable energy due to the growing concerns about pollution from energy sources that come from fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas. One such initiative was the United Nations Development Programme's World Energy Assessment in 2000 that highlighted many challenges humanity would have to overcome in order to shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. From 2000–2012 renewable energy grew at a rate higher than any other point in history, with a consumption increase of 176.5 million tonnes of oil. During this period, oil, coal, and natural gas continued to grow and had increases that were much higher than the increase in renewable energy. The following figures illustrate the growth in consumption of fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas as well as renewable sources of energy during this period.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased the use of renewable energy

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the growth in consumption of fossil fuels

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewable energy grew at a rate higher than any other point in history,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2000–2012

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 2000–2012

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: EU 2009 Renewable Energy Directive, to increase the use of renewable energy

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: renewable energy

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fossil fuels

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: renewable energy

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: growth in consumption of fossil fuels

text: On 3 December 2014, Sri Lanka played England and batted first, but play was interrupted when Sri Lanka had scored 6/1 from 2 overs. At the restart both innings were reduced to 35 overs, and Sri Lanka finished on 242/8. England's target was set by D/L at 236 from 35 overs. Although Sri Lanka had less resource remaining to them after the interruption than England would have for their whole innings (about 7% less), they'd used up so much resource before the interruption (2 overs and 1 wicket, about 8%), that the total resource used by Sri Lanka was still slightly more than England would have available, hence the slightly decreased target for England.

text: On 3 December 2014, Sri Lanka played England and batted first, but play was interrupted when Sri Lanka had scored 6/1 from 2 overs. At the restart both innings were reduced to 35 overs, and Sri Lanka finished on 242/8. England's target was set by D/L at 236 from 35 overs. Although Sri Lanka had less resource remaining to them after the interruption than England would have for their whole innings (about 7% less), they'd used up so much resource before the interruption (2 overs and 1 wicket, about 8%), that the total resource used by Sri Lanka was still slightly more than England would have available, hence the slightly decreased target for England.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Sri Lanka

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Sri Lanka used up so much resource before the interruption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Sri Lanka

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 7%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Sri Lanka

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: On 3 December 2014,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Sri Lanka

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Sri Lanka

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: play was interrupted when Sri Lanka had scored 6/1 from 2 overs.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Sri Lanka

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: slightly more than England would have available,

text: The spruce beetle is one of many beetle species that have recently increased their breeding times. The overpopulation of beetles in some forests in Kenai, Alaska, have damaged several spruce species that are no longer able to dwell there.  The spruce beetle destroyed    (2 billion board feet) of spruce forests in Alaska from 1992 to 1999 (about 30 million trees per year at the peak), and  of Utah forests in the 1990s (more than 3 million trees).  Outbreaks from 1975-2000 were seen in Montana (loss of 25 million board feet), Idaho (loss of 31 million board feet), Arizona (loss of over 100 million board feet), and British Columbia (loss of 3 billion board feet).  As of 2000 the beetle was responsible for the loss of about 400 million board feet annually.  D. rufipennis is also a part of the ecosystem in Colorado.

text: The spruce beetle is one of many beetle species that have recently increased their breeding times. The overpopulation of beetles in some forests in Kenai, Alaska, have damaged several spruce species that are no longer able to dwell there.  The spruce beetle destroyed    (2 billion

text: board feet

text: ) of spruce forests in

text: Alaska

text: from 1992 to 1999 (about 30 million trees per year at the peak), and  of

text: Utah

text: forests in the 1990s (more than 3 million trees).  Outbreaks from 1975-2000 were seen in

text: Montana

text: (loss of 25 million board feet),

text: Idaho

text: (loss of 31 million board feet),

text: Arizona

text: (loss of over 100 million board feet), and British Columbia (loss of 3 billion board feet).  As of 2000 the beetle was responsible for the loss of about 400 million board feet annually.  D. rufipennis is also a part of the ecosystem in

text: Colorado

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Colorado

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: spruce beetle

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The overpopulation of beetles

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: spruce beetle

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The spruce beetle

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Montana

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The spruce beetle

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: spruce beetle

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: spruce beetle

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The spruce beetle

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation of beetles

text: Like P. annularis, P. nigromaculatus is very prolific and can tend to overpopulate its environment, with negative consequences both for the crappie and for other fish species. A commercial supplier of the fish, however, claims that it can be safely stocked in ponds as small as one acre (0.4 ha) in area.

text: Like P. annularis, P. nigromaculatus is very prolific and can tend to overpopulate its environment, with negative consequences both for the crappie and for other fish species. A commercial supplier of the fish, however, claims that it can be safely stocked in ponds as small as one acre (0.4 ha) in area.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: fish species.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Like P. annularis, P. nigromaculatus

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: P. annularis, P. nigromaculatus

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: P. annularis, P. nigromaculatus

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: crappie

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulate its environment,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulate its environment,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: P. nigromaculatus

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulate its environment,

text: The year is 2043, and the overpopulation of Earth, depleted natural resources, and introduction of cheap, fast space travel have forced the people of Earth to leave and seek new planets, full of resources and landmasses to squander and overpopulate.

text: The year is 2043, and the overpopulation of Earth, depleted natural resources, and introduction of cheap, fast space travel have forced the people of Earth to leave and seek new planets, full of resources and landmasses to squander and overpopulate.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Earth's overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Earth

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: depleted natural resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the people of Earth to leave and seek new planets,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2043,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation of Earth,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation of Earth,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: squander

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation of Earth, depleted natural resources,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 2043,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: squander

text: Burundi's lands are mostly agricultural or pasture. Settlement by rural populations has led to deforestation, soil erosion and habitat loss. Deforestation of the entire country is almost completely due to overpopulation, with a mere  remaining and an ongoing loss of about 9% per annum. There are two national parks, Kibira National Park to the northwest (a small region of rain forest, adjacent to Nyungwe Forest National Park in Rwanda), Ruvubu National Park to the northeast (along the Rurubu River, also known as Ruvubu or Ruvuvu). Both were established in 1982 to conserve wildlife populations.

text: Burundi's lands are mostly agricultural or pasture. Settlement by rural populations has led to

text: deforestation

text: soil erosion

text: and

text: habitat loss

text: . Deforestation of the entire country is almost completely due to

text: overpopulation

text: , with a mere  remaining and an ongoing loss of about 9% per annum. There are two

text: national park

text: s,

text: Kibira National Park

text: to the northwest (a small region of rain forest, adjacent to

text: Nyungwe Forest National Park

text: in Rwanda),

text: Ruvubu National Park

text: to the northeast (along the

text: Rurubu River

text: , also known as Ruvubu or Ruvuvu). Both were established in 1982 to conserve wildlife populations.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Burundi

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: deforestation, soil erosion and habitat loss.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 9%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Burundi's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Settlement by rural populations has led to deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Burundi's

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Deforestation

text: Robert E. Hall applied rational expectations to Friedman's permanent income hypothesis that people base the level of their current spending on their wealth and lifetime income rather than current income. Hall found that people will smooth their consumption over time and only alter their consumption patterns when their expectations about future income change. Both Hall's and Friedman's versions of the permanent income hypothesis challenged the Keynesian view that short-term stabilization policies like tax cuts can stimulate the economy. The permanent income view suggests that consumers base their spending on wealth, so a temporary boost in income would only produce a moderate increase in consumption. Empirical tests of Hall's hypothesis suggest it may understate boosts in consumption due to income increases; however, Hall's work helped to popularize Euler equation models of consumption.

text: Robert E. Hall

text: applied rational expectations to Friedman's

text: permanent income hypothesis

text: that people base the level of their current spending on their wealth and lifetime income rather than current income. Hall found that people will

text: smooth their consumption

text: over time and only alter their consumption patterns when their expectations about future income change. Both Hall's and Friedman's versions of the permanent income hypothesis challenged the Keynesian view that short-term stabilization policies like tax cuts can stimulate the economy. The permanent income view suggests that consumers base their spending on wealth, so a temporary boost in income would only produce a moderate increase in consumption. Empirical tests of Hall's hypothesis suggest it may understate boosts in consumption due to income increases; however, Hall's work helped to popularize

text: Euler equation

text: models of consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: short-term stabilization policies

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a temporary boost in income

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Euler equation models of consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Robert E. Hall applied rational expectations to Friedman's permanent income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Robert E. Hall applied rational expectations to Friedman's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Robert E. Hall

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Robert E. Hall

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increase in consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: short-term stabilization policies like tax cuts

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Robert E. Hall

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a temporary boost in income would only produce a moderate increase in consumption.

text: At Makhel:Makhel village is a land of many Naga tribes. Many groups of the Nagas came from different directions and reached Makhel village in present Senapati District of Manipur. One of the groups was Tenyimia in which the Liangmais/Hamais were included. They lived at Makhel for a long time. But due to some reasons such as overpopulation, disunity among the people, lack of resources for the mass population, there was dispersion among the different tribes to different directions. According to Sujata Miri, one of the reasons for their dispersion was because of overpopulation. Therefore, the Liangmais/Hamais left Makhel and reached a place called Ramting Kaben (the word "Ramting Kaben" literally means "sky midway". It is said that Ramting Kaben is a cave or space from where the stars can be seen even in the day light. The place was a safe place for the people from the enemies but no suitable for human settlement because the climate was "stifling". Therefore, they moved out of Ramting Kaben and sojourned to Chawang Phungning (king's plot) also known as Gwangphuning (Old village). There at Chawang Phungning they lived for some years and they moved westward and reached Makuilongdi.

text: At Makhel:Makhel village is a land of many Naga tribes. Many groups of the Nagas came from different directions and reached Makhel village in present Senapati District of Manipur. One of the groups was Tenyimia in which the Liangmais/Hamais were included. They lived at Makhel for a long time. But due to some reasons such as overpopulation, disunity among the people, lack of resources for the mass population, there was dispersion among the different tribes to different directions. According to Sujata Miri, one of the reasons for their dispersion was because of overpopulation. Therefore, the Liangmais/Hamais left Makhel and reached a place called Ramting Kaben (the word "Ramting Kaben" literally means "sky midway". It is said that Ramting Kaben is a cave or space from where the stars can be seen even in the day light. The place was a safe place for the people from the enemies but no suitable for human settlement because the climate was "stifling". Therefore, they moved out of Ramting Kaben and sojourned to Chawang Phungning (king's plot) also known as Gwangphuning (Old village). There at Chawang Phungning they lived for some years and they moved westward and reached Makuilongdi.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Senapati District

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Makuilongdi.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Senapati District of Manipur.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: dispersion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Ramting Kaben

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: While the idea is not new, Wright identifies the central problem as being one of scale and political will. According to him, the error is often to extrapolate from what appears to work well on a small scale to a larger scale, which depletes natural resources and causes environmental degradation. Large-scale implementation also tends to be subject to diminishing returns. As overpopulation, erosion, greenhouse gas emissions or other consequences become apparent, society is destabilized.

text: While the idea is not new, Wright identifies the central problem as being one of scale and political will. According to him, the error is often to extrapolate from what appears to work well on a small scale to a larger scale, which depletes natural resources and causes environmental degradation. Large-scale implementation also tends to be subject to

text: diminishing returns

text: . As

text: overpopulation

text: erosion

text: greenhouse gas

text: emissions or other consequences become apparent, society is destabilized.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: destabilized

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: depletes natural resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental degradation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Wright identifies the central problem as being one of scale and political will.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Wright identifies the central problem as being one of scale and political will.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental degradation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: depletes natural resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Wright identifies the central problem as being one of scale and political will.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: Beer (known as pombe in Swahili) and alcohol is an integral part of Tanzanian society and local brands hold a strong sense of national pride among the Tanzanian population. There is considerable amount of brewing and drinking done in the country. Tanzania ranks 6th in Africa for beer consumption and contributes to over 3% of the African consumption. However over 90% of the national consumption is either homemade or from the informal sector. Bottled beer is expensive for the majority of the population and is almost 6 times more expensive than the maize beers. Nonetheless, beer sales and taxes are a vital part of the Tanzanian Economy.

text: Beer (known as pombe in Swahili) and alcohol is an integral part of

text: Tanzania

text: n society and local brands hold a strong sense of national pride among the Tanzanian population. There is considerable amount of brewing and drinking done in the country. Tanzania ranks 6th in Africa for beer consumption and contributes to over 3% of the

text: Africa

text: n consumption. However over 90% of the national consumption is either homemade or from the informal sector. Bottled beer is expensive for the majority of the population and is almost 6 times more expensive than the maize beers. Nonetheless, beer sales and taxes are a vital part of the

text: Tanzanian Economy

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Tanzania

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: maize beers

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over 90% of the national consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Tanzania ranks 6th in Africa for beer consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 3%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Tanzania

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: over 90% of the national consumption is either homemade or from the informal sector.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Beer

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Bottled beer

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Beer

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Beer

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over 90% of the national consumption is either homemade or from the informal sector.

text: The communities of North End and Slades Green (formerly Slads Green) had remained disjointed throughout the agricultural revolution. Samuel Lewis' 1848 “A Topographical Dictionary of England” states that Slades Green was the smaller hamlet with 66 people. While police, political and cultural boundaries continually change to address various concerns, the tracks of the North Kent Line have been the immovable border between North End and Slade Green since circa 1849.

text: The communities of

text: North End

text: and Slades Green (formerly Slads Green) had remained disjointed throughout the

text: agricultural revolution

text: Samuel Lewis

text: ' 1848 “A Topographical Dictionary of England” states that Slades Green was the smaller hamlet with 66 people. While police, political and cultural boundaries continually change to address various concerns, the tracks of the

text: North Kent Line

text: have been the immovable border between North End and Slade Green since circa 1849.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: disjointed

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: North End

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: remained disjointed throughout the agricultural revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of too much

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: police, political and cultural boundaries continually change to address various concerns,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 66

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: North End and Slades Green

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 66

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: North Kent Line

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: remained disjointed

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: agricultural revolution.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: “A Topographical Dictionary of England”

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: cultural boundaries continually change to address various concerns,

text: Shana'Kin Yaxchel Pacal was a princess of Lakamha, although the name and origin of her mother is unknown. Her father was Lord K'inich Hanaab Pacal II, and her only known sibling was her brother, K'uk Balaam ("Quetzal Jaguar"), who was Lord of Lakamha after his father. She married Lord Yik'in Chan K'awlil in her early teens and bore him a son, Yax Pasaj Chan Yopat. Her husband died in 763 AD after thirteen years of marriage and her young son was crowned Lord of Copan; Yax Pasaj Chan Yopat reigned for fifty-seven years as the last ruler of Copan. By the end of his reign, tension between the upper and lower classes as well as inbreeding among the small number of noble families led to the loss of the Lords' influence over the common people. Shortly after, in the middle of the ninth century, the Classic Mayan cities collapsed due to deforestation, soil depletion, drought, over-hunting, and overpopulation.

text: Shana'Kin Yaxchel Pacal was a princess of Lakamha, although the name and origin of her mother is unknown. Her father was Lord K'inich Hanaab Pacal II, and her only known sibling was her brother, K'uk Balaam ("Quetzal Jaguar"), who was Lord of Lakamha after his father. She married Lord Yik'in Chan K'awlil in her early teens and bore him a son, Yax Pasaj Chan Yopat. Her husband died in 763 AD after thirteen years of marriage and her young son was crowned Lord of Copan; Yax Pasaj Chan Yopat reigned for fifty-seven years as the last ruler of Copan. By the end of his reign, tension between the upper and lower classes as well as inbreeding among the small number of noble families led to the loss of the Lords' influence over the common people. Shortly after, in the middle of the ninth century, the Classic Mayan cities collapsed due to deforestation, soil depletion, drought, over-hunting, and overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Classic Mayan cities

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-hunting

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Classic Mayan cities collapsed

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Shana'Kin Yaxchel Pacal

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Classic Mayan

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: drought, over-hunting, and overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Classic Mayan cities collapsed due to deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: deforestation, soil depletion, drought,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Lord K'inich Hanaab Pacal II,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-hunting, and overpopulation.

text: Although there are more organisms in the world who are malnourished due to insufficient consumption, increasingly more organisms suffer from excessive over-nutrition; a problem caused by an over abundance of sustenance coupled with the instinctual desire (by animals in particular) to consume all that it can.

text: Although there are more organisms in the world who are malnourished due to insufficient consumption, increasingly more organisms suffer from excessive over-nutrition; a problem caused by an over abundance of sustenance coupled with the instinctual desire (by animals in particular) to consume all that it can.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over-nutrition

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over-nutrition

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-nutrition

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: an over abundance of sustenance

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: excessive over-nutrition;

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasingly more organisms suffer from excessive over-nutrition;

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: excessive over-nutrition;

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: malnourished due to insufficient consumption,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: excessive over-nutrition;

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over abundance of sustenance

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: excessive over-nutrition;

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: increasingly more organisms suffer from excessive over-nutrition;

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: an over abundance of sustenance

text: Green Day — Revolution Radio debuted at number 1.

text: Green Day

text: Revolution Radio

text: debuted at number 1.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a change in music

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unnaturally low temperatures

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption exceeding consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Green Day — Revolution Radio debuted at number 1.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Green Day — Revolution Radio debuted at number 1.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Day — Revolution Radio debuted at number 1.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Green Day — Revolution Radio debuted at number 1.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Green Day — Revolution Radio debuted at number 1.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Green Day — Revolution Radio debuted at number 1.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Green Day — Revolution Radio debuted at number 1.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green Day — Revolution Radio debuted at number 1.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Green Day — Revolution Radio debuted at number 1.

text: Another topic Jensen addresses is that human overpopulation is a social and environmental problem, but that it is at the level of "tertiary" global problems and that overconsumption—along with civilization and its ruthless, expansionist cultural mindset—are the true root problems faced by the world. Further recurrent topics in his books and talks include critiques of cosmeticism (as e.g. defined by William Catton), lifestyleism, Gandhism, and other "bright green" or mainstream liberal schools of political thought.

text: Another topic Jensen addresses is that

text: human overpopulation

text: is a social and environmental problem, but that it is at the level of "tertiary" global problems and that

text: overconsumption

text: —along with

text: civilization

text: and its ruthless, expansionist cultural mindset—are the true root problems faced by the world. Further recurrent topics in his books and talks include critiques of cosmeticism (as e.g.

entity_section: Overshoot: The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change

text: defined by William Catton

text: lifestyleism

text: Gandhism

text: , and other "

text: bright green

text: " or mainstream liberal schools of political thought.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: mainstream liberal schools of political thought.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overconsumption—along

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: ruthless, expansionist cultural mindset—are

text: Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The mainstay of the Burundian economy is agriculture, accounting for 54% of GDP in 1997. Agriculture supports more than 70% of the labour force, the majority of whom are subsistence farmers. Although Burundi is potentially self-sufficient in food production, the ongoing civil war, overpopulation, and soil erosion have contributed to the contraction of the subsistence economy by 25% in recent years. Large numbers of internally displaced persons have been unable to produce their own food and are largely dependent on international humanitarian assistance. Burundi is a net food importer, with food accounting for 17% of imports in 1997.

text: Burundi

text: is a

text: landlocked

text: , resource-poor country with an underdeveloped

text: manufacturing

text: sector. The mainstay of the Burundian economy is

text: agriculture

text: , accounting for 54% of

text: GDP

text: in 1997. Agriculture supports more than 70% of the labour force, the majority of whom are subsistence farmers. Although Burundi is potentially self-sufficient in food production, the ongoing civil war,

text: overpopulation

text: , and

text: soil erosion

text: have contributed to the contraction of the

text: subsistence economy

text: by 25% in recent years. Large numbers of

text: internally displaced person

text: s have been unable to produce their own food and are largely dependent on international humanitarian assistance. Burundi is a net food importer, with food accounting for 17% of imports in 1997.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Burundi

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: soil erosion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agriculture supports more than 70% of the labour force

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Burundi is a net food importer,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 25% in recent years.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Burundi

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Burundi

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: soil erosion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Agriculture supports more than 70% of the labour force,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: civil war, overpopulation, and soil erosion

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Burundi is a net food importer,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: Marx argued that there are no substantive laws of population that hold good for all time; instead, each specific mode of production has its own specific demographic laws. If there was "overpopulation" in capitalist society, it was overpopulation relative to the requirements of capital accumulation. Consequently, demography could not simply just count people in various ways, it also had to study the social relations between them as well. If there are enough resources on the planet to provide all people with a decent life, the argument that there are "too many people" is rather dubious.

text: Marx argued that there are no substantive laws of population that hold good for all time; instead, each specific

text: mode of production

text: has its own specific demographic laws. If there was "

text: overpopulation

text: " in capitalist society, it was overpopulation relative to the requirements of

text: capital accumulation

text: . Consequently, demography could not simply just count people in various ways, it also had to study the

text: social relations

text: between them as well. If there are enough resources on the planet to provide all people with a decent life, the argument that there are "too many people" is rather dubious.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: "overpopulation"

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: enough resources on the planet to provide all people with a decent life,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: "overpopulation"

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "overpopulation"

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: "overpopulation"

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: "overpopulation"

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: "overpopulation"

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: enough resources on the planet to provide all people with a decent life,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "overpopulation"

text: Common factors that may contribute to societal collapse are economical, environmental, social and cultural, and disruptions in one domain sometimes cascade into others.  In some cases a natural disaster (e.g. tsunami, earthquake, massive fire or climate change) may precipitate a collapse. Other factors such as a Malthusian catastrophe, overpopulation or resource depletion might be the proximate cause of collapse.  Significant inequity may combine with lack of loyalty to established political institutions and result in an oppressed lower class rising up and seizing power from a smaller wealthy elite in a revolution. The diversity of forms that societies evolve corresponds to diversity in their failures.  Jared Diamond suggests that societies have also collapsed through deforestation, loss of soil fertility, restrictions of trade and/or rising endemic violence.

text: Common factors that may contribute to societal collapse are economical, environmental, social and cultural, and disruptions in one domain sometimes cascade into others.  In some cases a natural disaster (e.g.

text: tsunami

text: earthquake

text: , massive fire or climate change) may precipitate a collapse. Other factors such as a

text: Malthusian catastrophe

text: overpopulation

text: or

text: resource depletion

text: might be the proximate cause of collapse.  Significant inequity may combine with lack of loyalty to established political institutions and result in an oppressed lower class rising up and seizing power from a smaller wealthy elite in a

text: revolution

text: . The diversity of forms that societies evolve corresponds to diversity in their failures.

text: Jared Diamond

text: suggests that societies have also collapsed through deforestation, loss of soil fertility, restrictions of trade and/or rising endemic violence.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Malthusian catastrophe

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Significant inequity may combine with lack of loyalty to established political institutions

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: deforestation, loss of soil fertility,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Common factors that may contribute to societal collapse

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Perhaps the most significant advantage of optical over electronic logic is reduced power consumption. This comes from the absence of capacitance in the connections between individual logic gates. In electronics, the transmission line needs to be charged to the signal voltage. The capacitance of a transmission line is proportional to its length and it exceeds the capacitance of the transistors in a logic gate when its length is equal to that of a single gate. The charging of transmission lines is one of the main energy losses in electronic logic. This loss is avoided in optical communication where only enough energy to switch an optical transistor at the receiving end must be transmitted down a line. This fact has played a major role in the uptake of fiber optics for long distance communication but is yet to be exploited at the microprocessor level.

text: Perhaps the most significant advantage of optical over electronic logic is reduced power consumption. This comes from the absence of

text: capacitance

text: in the connections between individual

text: logic gate

text: s. In electronics, the transmission line needs to be charged to the

text: signal voltage

text: . The capacitance of a transmission line is proportional to its length and it exceeds the capacitance of the transistors in a logic gate when its length is equal to that of a single gate. The charging of transmission lines is one of the main energy losses in electronic logic. This loss is avoided in optical communication where only enough energy to switch an optical transistor at the receiving end must be transmitted down a line. This fact has played a major role in the uptake of fiber optics for long distance communication but is yet to be exploited at the microprocessor level.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: power consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reduced power consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Perhaps the most significant advantage of optical over electronic logic is reduced power consumption.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Perhaps the most significant advantage of optical over electronic logic

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Perhaps the most significant advantage of optical over electronic logic is reduced power consumption.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: power consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: reduced power consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: capacitance

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Perhaps the most significant advantage of optical over electronic logic is reduced power consumption.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: power consumption.

text: In case of the realization of high income, it is less likely to borrow because she can finance her spending using her income. In such case, the ability to smooth consumption is not hurt (the first equation).However, in case of the realization of the low income, she has to finance her consumption by borrowing, but due to the zero borrowing constraint, she cannot borrow to finance her consumption that gives satisfactory utility (the second equation).Therefore, the ability for consumption smoothing is more restricted than the natural borrowing limit case once the agent faces tighter borrowing constraint.

text: In case of the realization of high income, it is less likely to borrow because she can finance her spending using her income. In such case, the ability to smooth consumption is not hurt (the first equation).However, in case of the realization of the low income, she has to finance her consumption by borrowing, but due to the zero borrowing constraint, she cannot borrow to finance her consumption that gives satisfactory utility (the second equation).Therefore, the ability for

text: consumption smoothing

text: is more restricted than the natural borrowing limit case once the agent faces tighter borrowing constraint.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: high income

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: low income

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the second equation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: high income

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: zero borrowing constraint

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food is a basic human necessity

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption that gives satisfactory utility

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: tighter borrowing constraint.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: high income,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: low income,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: zero borrowing constraint,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: the ability to smooth consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: utility

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: tighter borrowing constraint.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: zero borrowing constraint,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: spending

text: As the soil degrades and desertification occurs, farmers are forced to continually move farther out to find new land to farm which repeats the process all over again; thereby, farmers are exacerbating the clearing of natural forests.  Furthermore, current farming practices are inefficient and unsustainable.  When farmers move farther out to workable land, they are at the same time increasing the distance between themselves and markets where they can sell their produce.  With almost no facilities for refrigeration, post-harvest crop losses can reach up to 80 percent.

text: As the soil degrades and desertification occurs, farmers are forced to continually move farther out to find new land to farm which repeats the process all over again; thereby, farmers are exacerbating the clearing of natural forests.  Furthermore, current farming practices are inefficient and unsustainable.  When farmers move farther out to workable land, they are at the same time increasing the distance between themselves and markets where they can sell their produce.  With almost no facilities for refrigeration, post-harvest crop losses can reach up to 80 percent.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no ans

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: desertification

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the clearing of natural forests

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unsustainable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: current farming practices are inefficient and unsustainable.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasing the distance between themselves and markets where they can sell their produce.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: farmers are exacerbating the clearing of natural forests.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: post-harvest crop losses can reach up to 80 percent.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: clearing of natural forests.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: clearing of natural forests.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: soil degrades and desertification

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: farmers are exacerbating the clearing of natural forests.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: farmers are exacerbating the clearing of natural forests.

text: Aside from promoting the rights of fellow cartoonists, Lat developed an interest in encouraging conservation of the natural environment.  Several of his works caricature the consequences of pollution and over-exploitation of resources.  Invited to give a speech at the 9th Osaka International Symposium on Civilisation in 1988, Lat talked about the environmental problems associated with overpopulation and heavy industrialisation.  He further reminisced about the simple cleaner life he had enjoyed as a child in the kampung.  In 1977, when a protest was organised against logging activities in the Endau-Rompin Reserves, Lat helped gain support for the movement by drawing cartoons in the newspapers that highlighted the issue.  Lat is also particularly concerned over what he sees as the negative side of urban development.  He believes that such developments have contributed to the loss of the traditional way of life; people forget the old culture and values as they ingratiate themselves with the rapid pace and sophistication of urban lifestyles.  His defence and fondness of the old ways are manifested in his The Kampung Boy, Town Boy, Mat Som, and Kampung Boy: Yesterday and Today, which champion the old lifestyles  as spiritually superior.

text: Aside from promoting the rights of fellow cartoonists, Lat developed an interest in encouraging conservation of the natural environment.  Several of his works caricature the consequences of pollution and over-exploitation of resources.  Invited to give a speech at the 9th Osaka International Symposium on Civilisation in 1988, Lat talked about the environmental problems associated with overpopulation and heavy industrialisation.  He further reminisced about the simple cleaner life he had enjoyed as a child in the kampung.  In 1977, when a protest was organised against logging activities in the

text: Endau-Rompin Reserves

text: , Lat helped gain support for the movement by drawing cartoons in the newspapers that highlighted the issue.  Lat is also particularly concerned over what he sees as the negative side of urban development.  He believes that such developments have contributed to the loss of the traditional way of life; people forget the old culture and values as they ingratiate themselves with the rapid pace and sophistication of urban lifestyles.  His defence and fondness of the old ways are manifested in his The Kampung Boy, Town Boy, Mat Som, and Kampung Boy: Yesterday and Today, which champion the old lifestyles  as spiritually superior.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the loss of the traditional way of life

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urban

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: heavy industrialisation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-exploitation of resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: loss of the traditional way of life;

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: conservation of the natural environment.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urban development.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation and heavy industrialisation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: loss of the traditional way of life;

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Lat developed an interest in encouraging conservation of the natural environment.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-exploitation of resources.

text: Urban development in the context of post-industrialism is also a point of contention. In opposition to the view that the new leaders of post-industrial society are increasingly environmentally aware, this critique asserts that it rather leads to environmental degradation, this being rooted in the patterns of development. Urban sprawl, characterised behaviourally by cities “expanding at the periphery in even lower densities” and physically by “office parks, malls, strips, condo clusters, corporate campuses and gated communities,” is singled out as the main issue. Resulting from a post-industrialist culture of “mobile capital, the service economy, post-Fordist disposable consumerism and banking deregulation,” urban sprawl has caused post-industrialism to become environmentally and socially regressive. Of the former, environmental degradation results from encroachment as cities meet demands on low-density habitation; the wider spread of population consumes more of the environment while necessitating more energy consumption in order to facilitate travel within the ever-growing city, incurring greater pollution. This process evokes the neo-Malthusian concerns of overpopulation and resource scarcity that inevitably lead to environmental deterioration. Of the latter, “post-industrialism’s doctrine of … mobility and malleability” encourage a disconnect between communities where social belonging falls into the category of things considered by the “post-Fordist disposable consumer[ist]” attitude as interchangeable, expendable, and replaceable.

text: Urban development

text: in the context of post-industrialism is also a point of contention. In opposition to the view that the new leaders of post-industrial society are increasingly environmentally aware, this critique asserts that it rather leads to environmental degradation, this being rooted in the patterns of development.

text: Urban sprawl

text: , characterised behaviourally by cities “expanding at the periphery in even lower densities” and physically by “

text: office parks

text: malls

text: , strips, condo clusters, corporate campuses and gated communities,” is singled out as the main issue. Resulting from a post-industrialist culture of “

text: mobile capital

text: , the

text: service economy

text: , post-Fordist disposable

text: consumerism

text: and

text: banking deregulation

text: ,” urban sprawl has caused post-industrialism to become environmentally and socially regressive. Of the former, environmental degradation results from encroachment as cities meet demands on low-density habitation; the wider spread of population consumes more of the environment while necessitating more energy consumption in order to facilitate travel within the ever-growing city, incurring greater pollution. This process evokes the neo-Malthusian concerns of overpopulation and resource scarcity that inevitably lead to environmental deterioration. Of the latter, “post-industrialism’s doctrine of … mobility and malleability” encourage a disconnect between communities where social belonging falls into the category of things considered by the “post-Fordist disposable consumer[ist]” attitude as interchangeable, expendable, and replaceable.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urban sprawl

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resource scarcity

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: urban sprawl

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: post-Fordist disposable consumerism

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmentally and socially regressive.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasingly environmentally aware,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: neo-Malthusian concerns of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resource scarcity

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: post-industrialist culture of “mobile capital,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Urban sprawl,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: post-Fordist disposable consumerism

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: post-Fordist disposable consumerism

text: Ecodesign is a growing responsibility and understanding of our ecological footprint on the planet. Green awareness, overpopulation, industrialization and an increased environmental population have led to the questioning of consumer values. It is imperative to search for new building solutions that are environmentally friendly and lead to a reduction in the consumption of materials and energy.

text: Ecodesign is a growing responsibility and understanding of our

text: ecological footprint

text: on the planet. Green awareness, overpopulation, industrialization and an increased environmental population have led to the questioning of consumer values. It is imperative to search for new building solutions that are environmentally friendly and lead to a reduction in the consumption of materials and energy.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: questioning of consumer values

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: ecological footprint

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: questioning of consumer values.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: ecological footprint

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation, industrialization

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Ecodesign

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: The world's rain forests could completely vanish in a hundred years at the current rate of deforestation. Between June 2000 and June 2008 more than 150 000 square kilometers of rain forest were cleared in the Brazilian Amazon. Huge areas of forest have already been lost. For example, only eight to fourteen percent of the Atlantic Forest in South America now remains. While deforestation rates have slowed since 2004, forest loss is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. Farmers slash and burn large parcels of forest every year to create grazing and crop lands, but the forest's nutrient-poor soil often renders the land ill-suited for agriculture, and within a year or two, the farmers move on.

text: The world's rain forests could completely vanish in a hundred years at the current rate of deforestation. Between June 2000 and June 2008 more than 150 000 square kilometers of rain forest were cleared in the

text: Brazilian Amazon

text: . Huge areas of forest have already been lost. For example, only eight to fourteen percent of the

text: Atlantic Forest

text: in South America now remains. While deforestation rates have slowed since 2004, forest loss is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. Farmers slash and burn large parcels of forest every year to create grazing and crop lands, but the forest's nutrient-poor soil often renders the land ill-suited for agriculture, and within a year or two, the farmers move on.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Brazilian Amazon

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Which of the following is not a basic human necessity?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Huge areas of forest have already been lost.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: deforestation rates have slowed since 2004,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South America

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The world's rain forests

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Farmers slash and burn large parcels of forest

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: nutrient-poor soil

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The world's rain forests could completely vanish in a hundred years

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: deforestation.

text: Unsustainable consumption by the steadily growing human population may lead to resource depletion and a shrinking of the earth's carrying capacity.

text: Unsustainable consumption

text: by the steadily

text: growing

text: human population

text: may lead to

text: resource depletion

text: and a shrinking of the earth's

text: carrying capacity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unsustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unsustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unsustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unsustainable consumption by the steadily growing human population

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unsustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Unsustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Unsustainable consumption by the steadily growing human population

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Unsustainable consumption by the steadily growing human population

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Unsustainable consumption by the steadily growing human population

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Unsustainable consumption by the steadily growing human population

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Unsustainable consumption by the steadily growing human population

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Unsustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Unsustainable

text: Entire sections of countries have been rendered unproductive by erosion. On the high central plateau of Madagascar, approximately ten percent of that country's land area, virtually the entire landscape is devoid of vegetation, with erosive gully furrows typically in excess of 50 meters deep and one kilometer wide.  Shifting cultivation is a farming system which sometimes incorporates the slash and burn method in some regions of the world. Erosion causes loss of the fertile top soil and reduces its fertility and quality of the agricultural produce.

text: Entire sections of countries have been rendered unproductive by erosion. On the high central

text: plateau

text: of

text: Madagascar

text: , approximately ten percent of that country's land area, virtually the entire landscape is devoid of

text: vegetation

text: , with erosive gully furrows typically in excess of 50 meters deep and one kilometer wide.

text: Shifting cultivation

text: is a farming system which sometimes incorporates the

text: slash and burn

text: method in some regions of the world. Erosion causes loss of the fertile top soil and reduces its fertility and quality of the agricultural produce.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unproductive

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Madagascar

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unproductive

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: erosion.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: erosion.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Madagascar,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: erosion.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: erosion.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Shifting cultivation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: erosion.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Entire sections of countries have been rendered unproductive by erosion.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: erosion.

text: Population growth that exceeds the carrying capacity of an area or environment results in overpopulation. Spikes in human population can cause problems such as pollution, water crisis, and poverty. World population has grown from 1.6 billion in 1900 to an estimated 7 billion in 2011. In Mexico alone, population has grown from 13.6 million in 1900 to 107 million in 2007. Virginia Abernethy notes that immigration is a road that provides a "relief valve" to overpopulation that stops a population from addressing the consequences of its overpopulation and that exports this overpopulation to another location or country.

text: Population growth

text: that exceeds the

text: carrying capacity

text: of an area or environment results in

text: overpopulation

text: . Spikes in human population can cause problems such as

text: pollution

text: water crisis

text: , and

text: poverty

text: World population

text: has grown from 1.6 billion in 1900 to an estimated

text: 7 billion in 2011

text: . In Mexico alone, population has grown from 13.6 million in 1900 to 107 million in 2007. Virginia Abernethy notes that immigration is a road that provides a "relief valve" to overpopulation that stops a population from addressing the consequences of its overpopulation and that exports this overpopulation to another location or country.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Mexico

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1.6 billion in 1900 to an estimated 7 billion in 2011.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Mexico

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water crisis,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Population growth that exceeds the carrying capacity

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Population growth

text: Life expectancy is also likely to be affected by exposure to high levels of highway air pollution or industrial air pollution. This is one way that occupation can have a major effect on life expectancy. Coal miners (and in prior generations, asbestos cutters) often have lower life expediencies than average life expediencies. Other factors affecting an individual's life expectancy are genetic disorders, drug use, tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, access to health care, diet and exercise.

text: Life expectancy is also likely to be affected by exposure to high levels of

text: highway air pollution

text: or industrial

text: air pollution

text: . This is one way that occupation can have a major effect on life expectancy. Coal miners (and in prior generations, asbestos cutters) often have lower life expediencies than average life expediencies. Other factors affecting an individual's life expectancy are genetic disorders, drug use,

text: tobacco smoking

text: , excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, access to health care, diet and exercise.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Coal miner

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: asbestos

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: life expectancy

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: industrial air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: access to health care,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Life expectancy

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Coal miners

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: high levels of highway air pollution or industrial air pollution.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Life expectancy

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: industrial air pollution.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: highway air pollution or industrial air pollution.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive alcohol consumption,

text: Examples of overpopulation caused by introduction of a foreign species abound:

text: Examples of overpopulation caused by introduction of a foreign species abound:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating too much

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Examples of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Examples of overpopulation caused by introduction of a foreign species

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: introduction of a foreign species

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Examples of overpopulation caused by introduction of a foreign species

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Theories like the world-system theory and the Gaia hypothesis focus on the inter dependency aspect of environmental and economic issues. Among the most evident environmental problems are overpopulation,resource depletion,pollution,water pollution,waste and waste disposal,ocean acidification,acid rain,ozone layer depletion,global warming/climate change,loss of biodiversity and habitat loss,deforestation, andurban sprawl.

text: Theories like the

text: world-system theory

text: and the

text: Gaia hypothesis

text: focus on the inter dependency aspect of environmental and economic issues. Among the most evident environmental problems are

text: overpopulation

text: resource depletion

text: pollution

text: water pollution

text: waste

text: and

text: waste disposal

text: ocean acidification

text: acid rain

text: ozone layer depletion

text: global warming

text: climate change

text: ,loss of

text: biodiversity

text: and

text: habitat loss

text: deforestation

text: , and

text: urban sprawl

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urban sprawl

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: acid rain

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: ocean acidification

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: change,loss of biodiversity and habitat loss,deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,resource

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation,resource

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: depletion,pollution,water pollution,waste

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,waste and waste disposal,ocean

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,resource

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: depletion,global warming/climate change,loss

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Among the most evident environmental problems are overpopulation,resource

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: environmental problems

text: There is disagreement as to the effect of metering and water pricing on water consumption. The price elasticity of metered water demand varies greatly depending on local conditions. The effect of volumetric water pricing on consumption tends to be higher if the water bill represents a significant portion of household expenditures. There is evidence from the UK that there is an instant drop in consumption of some 10% when meters are installed. In Hamburg, Germany, domestic water consumption for metered flats (112 liter/capita/day) was 18% lower than for unmetered flats (137 liter/capita/day) in 1992.

text: There is disagreement as to the effect of metering and water pricing on water consumption. The

text: price elasticity

text: of metered water demand varies greatly depending on local conditions. The effect of volumetric water pricing on consumption tends to be higher if the water bill represents a significant portion of household expenditures. There is evidence from the UK that there is an instant drop in consumption of some 10% when meters are installed. In

text: Hamburg

text: Germany

text: , domestic water consumption for metered flats (112 liter/capita/day) was 18% lower than for unmetered flats (137 liter/capita/day) in 1992.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hamburg, Germany

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unmetered flats

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: instant drop in consumption of some 10%

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 10%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hamburg, Germany,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 10% when meters are installed.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: water consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: water consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: metering and water pricing

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: There is disagreement as to the effect of metering and water pricing

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the water bill represents a significant portion of household expenditures.

text: One of the main concerns the FDA had about olestra was it might encourage consumers to eat more of the "top of the pyramid" foods because of the perception of its being healthier. This could result in consumers engaging in over-consumption, thinking the addition of olestra would remove negative consequences. In light of this possibility, approving it as an additive would have meant consumers would be consuming a food with a relatively high amount of an additive, whose long-term health effects were not documented. This made the FDA particularly hesitant to approve the product, as well as the side effects, such as diarrhea, and concern for the loss of fat-soluble vitamins. In August 1990, P&G narrowed their focus to "savory snacks", potato chips, tortilla chips, crackers and similar foods.

text: One of the main concerns the FDA had about olestra was it might encourage consumers to eat more of the "

text: top of the pyramid

text: " foods because of the perception of its being healthier. This could result in consumers engaging in over-consumption, thinking the addition of olestra would remove negative consequences. In light of this possibility, approving it as an additive would have meant consumers would be consuming a food with a relatively high amount of an additive, whose long-term health effects were not documented. This made the FDA particularly hesitant to approve the product, as well as the side effects, such as

text: diarrhea

text: , and concern for the loss of fat-soluble vitamins. In August 1990, P&G narrowed their focus to "savory snacks",

text: potato chip

text: s,

text: tortilla chip

text: s,

text: cracker

text: s and similar foods.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating more of the "top of the pyramid" foods

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: "top of the pyramid" foods

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: "top of the pyramid" foods

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: "top of the pyramid"

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: diarrhea, and concern for the loss of fat-soluble vitamins.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: diarrhea,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: "top of the pyramid" foods

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: loss of fat-soluble vitamins.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: "top of the pyramid" foods

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: thinking the addition of olestra would remove negative consequences.

text: Shortly after releasing Mr. Peppy, the crew learns from Doohan 6's locals that the bones of their livestock had been devoured by bone vampires, which led them to hunt the species to near extinction. The planet's former bone vampire hunter Angus McZongo goes out to hunt Mr. Peppy when it seemingly breaks its vegetarian diet learned from Fry by attacking the planet's livestock. However, Fry decides to kill Mr. Peppy himself after it apparently attacks and injures Leela. Fry finds and shoots who he believes to be Mr. Peppy, only to discover it is Angus, who had learned that Mr. Peppy was a vegetarian after all and disguised himself as a bone vampire in an attempt to regain his popularity as a hunter (which also includes attacking Leela). Immediately after, the crew finds the real Mr. Peppy killing the planet's livestock for real, though the locals decide to let Mr. Peppy live to balance out their now overpopulated livestock, as well as to conveniently debone them for consumption.

text: Shortly after releasing Mr. Peppy, the crew learns from Doohan 6's locals that the bones of their

text: livestock

text: had been devoured by bone vampires, which led them to hunt the species to near extinction. The planet's former bone vampire

entity_name: Hunting and shooting in the United Kingdom

text: hunter

text: Angus McZongo goes out to hunt Mr. Peppy when it seemingly breaks its vegetarian diet learned from Fry by attacking the planet's livestock. However, Fry decides to kill Mr. Peppy himself after it apparently attacks and injures Leela. Fry finds and shoots who he believes to be Mr. Peppy, only to discover it is Angus, who had learned that Mr. Peppy was a vegetarian after all and disguised himself as a bone vampire in an attempt to regain his popularity as a hunter (which also includes attacking Leela). Immediately after, the crew finds the real Mr. Peppy killing the planet's livestock for real, though the locals decide to let Mr. Peppy live to balance out their now overpopulated livestock, as well as to conveniently debone them for consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: what happened to Mr. Peppy?

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Doohan 6

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: bone vampires

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulated livestock

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulated livestock

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulated livestock

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 6's

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Doohan 6's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Doohan 6's

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: the bones of their livestock had been devoured by bone vampires,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulated livestock,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: bone vampires,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Doohan 6's

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulated livestock,

text: Earlier in the Middle East, the Caliph Abu Bakr in the 630s commanded his army to "Bring no harm to the trees, nor burn them with fire," and "Slay not any of the enemy's flock, save for your food." Arabic medical treatises during the 9th to 13th centuries dealing with environmentalism and environmental science, including pollution, were written by Al-Kindi, Qusta ibn Luqa, Al-Razi, Ibn Al-Jazzar, al-Tamimi, al-Masihi, Avicenna, Ali ibn Ridwan, Ibn Jumay, Isaac Israeli ben Solomon, Abd-el-latif, Ibn al-Quff, and Ibn al-Nafis. Their works covered a number of subjects related to pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination, municipal solid waste mishandling, and environmental impact assessments of certain localities.

text: Earlier in the

text: Middle East

text: , the

text: Caliph

text: Abu Bakr

text: in the 630s commanded his army to "Bring no harm to the trees, nor burn them with fire," and "Slay not any of the enemy's flock, save for your food."

text: Arabic medical

text: treatises during the 9th to 13th centuries dealing with environmentalism and

text: environmental science

text: , including pollution, were written by

text: Al-Kindi

text: Qusta ibn Luqa

text: Al-Razi

text: Ibn Al-Jazzar

text: al-Tamimi

text: al-Masihi

text: Avicenna

text: Ali ibn Ridwan

text: Ibn Jumay

text: Isaac Israeli ben Solomon

entity_name: Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi (medieval writer)

text: Abd-el-latif

text: , Ibn al-Quff, and

text: Ibn al-Nafis

text: . Their works covered a number of subjects related to pollution, such as air pollution,

text: water pollution

text: soil contamination

text: municipal solid waste

text: mishandling, and

text: environmental impact assessment

text: s of certain localities.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental impact assessments

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the Middle East

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: harm to the trees

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental impact assessments of certain localities.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Ali ibn Ridwan,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Middle East,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: air pollution, water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: environmentalism

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: "Slay not any of the enemy's flock, save for your food."

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution,

text: One exception to the general rule of K-strategists being less likely to exhibit irruptive growth is people. As Thomas Malthus described in his essay on the Principle of Population, human overpopulation is a serious issue, and one which can only become more pressing. Due to our advanced mental capacity, humans have succeeded in maximizing the carrying capacity of the environment through the invention of higher-yielding crops and transportation to get food from where it is produced to where it is needed for consumption However, the world's population continues to rise, and the capacity of the current food supply to adequately provide for all the people on earth is called ever more into doubt. Thus, we may become one of the few K-strategist species to experience a Malthusian catastrophe.

text: One exception to the general rule of K-strategists being less likely to exhibit irruptive growth is people. As Thomas Malthus described in his essay on the

text: Principle of Population

text: , human overpopulation is a serious issue, and one which can only become more pressing. Due to our advanced mental capacity, humans have succeeded in maximizing the carrying capacity of the environment through the invention of higher-yielding crops and transportation to get food from where it is produced to where it is needed for consumption However, the world's population continues to rise, and the capacity of the current food supply to adequately provide for all the people on earth is called ever more into doubt. Thus, we may become one of the few K-strategist species to experience a Malthusian catastrophe.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher-yielding crops

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the world's population

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation is a serious issue

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher-yielding crops

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: higher-yielding crops

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: K-strategists

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the world's population continues to rise,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: humans have succeeded in maximizing the carrying capacity of the environment

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Malthusian catastrophe.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: food from where it is produced to where it is needed for consumption

text: Suppose we consider the demand for a commodity, say cigarettes and consider that it has been showing an increasing trend. This trend will be supported by an increase in production of cigarettes. These cigarettes are then put into the market and purchased and consumed by people. When it is consumed, demand is satisfied and normally, nobody bothers about the stage after consumption. But Buddhist economists go beyond that and investigate how these trends affect the three intertwined aspects of human existence: the individual, society, and the environment. Specific to an increase in the consumption of cigarettes, Buddhist economists try to decipher how this increase affects the pollution levels in the environment, its impact on passive smokers and active smokers, and the various health hazards that come along with smoking, thus taking into consideration the ethical side of economics. The ethical aspect of it is partly judged by the outcomes it brings and partly by the qualities which lead to it.

text: Suppose we consider the demand for a commodity, say cigarettes and consider that it has been showing an increasing trend. This trend will be supported by an increase in production of cigarettes. These cigarettes are then put into the market and purchased and consumed by people. When it is consumed, demand is satisfied and normally, nobody bothers about the stage after consumption. But Buddhist economists go beyond that and investigate how these trends affect the three intertwined aspects of human existence: the individual, society, and the environment. Specific to an increase in the consumption of cigarettes, Buddhist economists try to decipher how this increase affects the pollution levels in the environment, its impact on passive smokers and active smokers, and the various health hazards that come along with smoking, thus taking into consideration the ethical side of economics. The ethical aspect of it is partly judged by the outcomes it brings and partly by the qualities which lead to it.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increase in the consumption of cigarettes

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution levels in the environment,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasing trend.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: cigarettes

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: cigarettes

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution levels in the environment,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increase in production of cigarettes.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: increase in production of cigarettes.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: cigarettes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increasing trend.

text: Results: As snacking frequency increased in the adolescents, the amount of carbohydrates consumed increased along with sugar consumption.  The consumption of fats and energy-adjusted proteins decreased.   Increased snacking frequency positively affected the intake of vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C, and magnesium in boys and vitamin C in girls.  Fruit intake increased as snacking frequency increased for both boys and girls.  The three cup daily milk recommendation was met for boys snacking at the highest level, but girls did not meet the milk recommendation.  Milk is one of the highest contributors in adolescents’ calcium consumption.  Although, during the past 25 years, people have moved toward dietary habits of snacking rather than daily meals, meals generally contribute more nutrient-dense foods to a diet than snacks.  In order to make up for this loss of nutrients, snack choices need to consist of nutrient-dense foods.  Snacking frequency improved the chance of meeting fruit recommendations for boys and girls, milk and oil recommendations for boys, and affected the intake of all macronutrients and some micronutrients.

text: Results: As snacking frequency increased in the adolescents, the amount of carbohydrates consumed increased along with

text: sugar

text: consumption.  The consumption of fats and energy-adjusted proteins decreased.   Increased snacking frequency positively affected the intake of

text: vitamin A

text: vitamin E

text: vitamin C

text: , and

text: magnesium

text: in boys and vitamin C in girls.  Fruit intake increased as snacking frequency increased for both boys and girls.  The three cup daily milk recommendation was met for boys snacking at the highest level, but girls did not meet the milk recommendation.  Milk is one of the highest contributors in adolescents’ calcium consumption.  Although, during the past 25 years, people have moved toward dietary habits of snacking rather than daily meals, meals generally contribute more nutrient-dense foods to a diet than snacks.  In order to make up for this loss of nutrients, snack choices need to consist of nutrient-dense foods.  Snacking frequency improved the chance of meeting fruit recommendations for boys and girls, milk and oil recommendations for boys, and affected the intake of all

text: macronutrients

text: and some

text: micronutrients

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: snacking

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: snacking

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: snacking

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: dietary habits of snacking rather than daily meals,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The consumption of fats and energy-adjusted proteins

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: adolescents,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Increased snacking frequency

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbohydrates consumed increased along with sugar consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the amount of carbohydrates consumed increased along with sugar consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: snacking frequency

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Increased snacking frequency

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the amount of carbohydrates consumed increased along with sugar consumption.

text: A separate issue with some overlap was concern over overpopulation.  The leading early influence on that issue was Paul R. Ehrlich, who both founded Zero Population Growth and published The Population Bomb in 1968. The popular book foretold alarming disasters that would inevitably occur in the next decades. Though some of his predictions did not come to pass, many believe his main points are valid, and they succeeded in inspiring a movement. Environmentalists including David R. Brower and David Foreman took the threat seriously.  The Zero Population Growth organization did not involve itself, for the most part, in U.S. immigration policy, and a subset of the overpopulation movement grew which believed that immigration needed to be reduced, arguing that immigration was driving most U.S. population growth.  These activists founded organizations separate from ZPG which would specifically address immigration issues.  Among the important early organizations was Negative Population Growth, founded in 1972 by Donald Mann.

text: A separate issue with some overlap was concern over

text: overpopulation

text: .  The leading early influence on that issue was

text: Paul R. Ehrlich

text: , who both founded

text: Zero Population Growth

text: and published

text: The Population Bomb

text: in 1968. The popular book foretold alarming disasters that would inevitably occur in the next decades. Though some of his predictions did not come to pass, many believe his main points are valid, and they succeeded in inspiring a movement. Environmentalists including

text: David R. Brower

text: and

text: David Foreman

text: took the threat seriously.  The Zero Population Growth organization did not involve itself, for the most part, in U.S. immigration policy, and a subset of the

text: overpopulation

text: movement grew which believed that immigration needed to be reduced, arguing that immigration was driving most U.S. population growth.  These activists founded organizations separate from ZPG which would specifically address immigration issues.  Among the important early organizations was

text: Negative Population Growth

text: , founded in 1972 by Donald Mann.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmentalists taking the threat seriously

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Environmentalists

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Negative Population Growth,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Negative Population Growth,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: The pollution often comes from non point sources such as agricultural runoff, wind-blown debris and dust. Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algae growth.

text: The pollution often comes from

text: non point source

text: s such as agricultural

text: runoff

text: , wind-blown debris and dust.

text: Nutrient pollution

text: , a form of

text: water pollution

text: , refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients. It is a primary cause of

text: eutrophication

text: of surface waters, in which excess nutrients, usually

text: nitrogen

text: or

text: phosphorus

text: , stimulate algae growth.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Nutrient pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: rural areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Nutrient pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Nutrient pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Nutrient pollution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The pollution often comes from non point sources such as agricultural runoff,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The pollution often comes from non point sources such as agricultural runoff,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Nutrient pollution,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Nutrient pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The pollution often comes from non point sources such as agricultural runoff,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Nutrient pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The pollution often comes from non point sources

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Nutrient pollution,

text: - factory ship- famine- FARMA- farmers' market- fast food- fasting- fat- fat acceptance movement- fiber- finger bowl- fishing- food allergy- food bank- food chain- food consumption by class- food consumption by gender- food consumption by race- food consumption by socioeconomic status- food contaminants- food energy- Food for Peace- food fortification- food guide pyramid- food irradiation- food labeling regulations (U.K., E.U.)- food microbiology- food policy- food porn- food price crisis- food processing- food safety- food security- food sovereignty- food vs fuel- FreeRice- Free The Hops- fresherized- from scratch- fruitarianism- functional food

text: factory ship

text: famine

text: FARMA

text: farmers' market

text: fast food

text: fasting

text: fat

text: fat acceptance movement

text: fiber

text: finger bowl

text: fishing

text: food allergy

text: food bank

text: food chain

entity_name: Social class differences in food consumption

text: food consumption by class

text: food consumption by gender

text: food consumption by race

text: food consumption by socioeconomic status

text: food contaminants

text: food energy

text: Food for Peace

text: food fortification

text: food guide pyramid

text: food irradiation

text: food labeling regulations

text: (U.K., E.U.)-

text: food microbiology

text: food policy

text: food porn

text: food price crisis

text: food processing

text: food safety

text: food security

text: food sovereignty

text: food vs fuel

text: FreeRice

text: Free The Hops

text: fresherized

text: - from scratch-

text: fruitarianism

text: functional food

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: farmers' market

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: food security

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: food chain

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: food security

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food vs fuel

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: farmers' market

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: food contaminants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food security

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: food consumption by class

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: food sovereignty-

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: food consumption by socioeconomic status-

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: food consumption by race- food consumption by socioeconomic status-

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: food security-

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food vs fuel-

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: farmers' market-

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: food contaminants-

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food consumption by socioeconomic status-

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: food consumption by socioeconomic status-

text: Typical HCSD systems include the Clyde Bergemann solution designed to reduce water usage (up to 90% by weight), reduce ground and surface water pollution, reduce dust emission surrounding landfill site, increase disposal area working capacity and lower energy consumption.

text: Typical HCSD systems include the Clyde Bergemann solution designed to reduce water usage (up to 90% by weight), reduce ground and surface

text: water pollution

text: , reduce dust emission surrounding

text: landfill

text: site, increase disposal area working capacity and lower

text: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: hcsd systems

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: HCSD

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: dust

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: lower energy consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: (up to 90% by weight),

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Typical HCSD systems include the Clyde Bergemann

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: (up to 90% by weight), reduce ground and surface water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: dust emission

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: energy consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: ground and surface water pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Typical HCSD systems include the Clyde Bergemann solution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: water usage

text: Today, according to the World Health Organization, estimates put the number of persons afflicted with paragonimiasis at 20.7 million and the number at risk of contracting the disease at 293 million.  For P. skrjabini, it stands as a public health threat in certain areas of the world, such as the Three Gorges Reservoir where it is the primary paragonimiasis causing parasite.  Changes in the environment such as pollution and the persistence of individuals' consumption habits of raw crab puts paragonimiasis epidemics at high risk.

text: Today, according to the World Health Organization, estimates put the number of persons afflicted with paragonimiasis at 20.7 million and the number at risk of contracting the disease at 293 million.  For P. skrjabini, it stands as a public health threat in certain areas of the world, such as the Three Gorges Reservoir where it is the primary paragonimiasis causing parasite.  Changes in the environment such as pollution and the persistence of individuals' consumption habits of raw crab puts paragonimiasis epidemics at high risk.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Three Gorges Reservoir

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: raw crab

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Today, according to the World Health Organization,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Three Gorges Reservoir

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 20.7 million

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 20.7 million

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: World Health Organization,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: raw crab

text: The input of pollutants into a water body may impact the water's ability to deliver ecological, recreational, educational, and economic services. While the impacts of water pollution vary considerably based on a variety of site-specific factors, they may be either direct or indirect. Pollutants that are directly toxic pose a threat to organisms that may come into contact with contaminated water. These include persistent organic pollutants used as pesticides and toxic byproducts of industrial activity (such as cyanide). Other pollutants may indirectly impact ecosystem services by causing a change in water conditions that allows for a harmful activity to take place. This includes sediment (loose soil) inputs that decrease the amount of light that can penetrate through the water, reducing plant growth and diminishing oxygen availability for other aquatic organisms.

text: The input of pollutants into a water body may impact the water's ability to deliver ecological, recreational, educational, and economic services. While the impacts of water pollution vary considerably based on a variety of site-specific factors, they may be either direct or indirect. Pollutants that are directly

text: toxic

text: pose a threat to organisms that may come into contact with contaminated water. These include persistent organic pollutants used as

text: pesticide

text: s and toxic byproducts of industrial activity (such as

text: cyanide

text: ). Other pollutants may indirectly impact ecosystem services by causing a change in water conditions that allows for a harmful activity to take place. This includes sediment (loose

text: soil

text: ) inputs that decrease the amount of light that can penetrate through the water, reducing plant growth and diminishing oxygen availability for other aquatic organisms.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reducing plant growth

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: cyanide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: cyanide

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reducing plant growth

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: economic services.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: economic services.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: contaminated water.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: cyanide).

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: reducing plant growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The input of pollutants into a water body

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: reducing plant growth and diminishing oxygen availability for other aquatic organisms.

text: Deforestation and overpopulation are issues affecting all regions of the world.  The consequent destruction of wildlife habitat has prompted the creation of conservation groups in other countries, some founded by local hunters who have witnessed declining wildlife populations first hand.  Also, it was highly important for the conservation movement to solve problems of living conditions in the cities and the overpopulation of such places.

text: Deforestation

text: and

text: overpopulation

text: are issues affecting all regions of the world.  The consequent destruction of wildlife habitat has prompted the creation of conservation groups in other countries, some founded by local hunters who have witnessed declining wildlife populations first hand.  Also, it was highly important for the conservation movement to solve problems of living conditions in the cities and the overpopulation of such places.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: cities

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Deforestation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: creation of conservation groups in other countries,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Deforestation and overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: cities

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Deforestation and overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Deforestation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Deforestation and overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Deforestation and overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Lorenz was one of the early scientists who recognised the significance of overpopulation. The number one deadly sin of civilized man in his book is overpopulation, which is what leads to aggression.

text: Lorenz was one of the early scientists who recognised the significance of

text: overpopulation

text: . The number one deadly sin of civilized man in his book is overpopulation, which is what leads to aggression.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: aggression

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: aggression.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: aggression.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: aggression.

text: Mercury is a toxic heavy metal which cycles through atmosphere, water, and soil in various forms to different partsof the world. Due to this natural cycle, irrespective of which part of the world releases mercury it could affect an entirely different part of the world making mercury pollution a global concern. Mercury pollution is now identified as a global problem and awareness has been raised on an international action plan to minimize anthropogenic mercury emissions and clean up mercury pollution. In Global Mercury Assessment - 2002 concluded that, International actions to address the global mercury problem should not be delayed”. Among many environments that are under the impact of mercury pollution, the ocean is one which cannot be neglected as it has the ability to act as a “storage closet” for mercury. According to a recent model study the total anthropogenic mercury released into the ocean is estimated to be around 80,000 to 45,000 metric tons and two thirds of this enormous amount is estimated to be found in waters shallower than 1000m level where many consumable fish live. Mercury can get bio-accumulated in marine food chains in the form of highly toxic methyl mercury which can cause health risks to human seafood consumers., According to statistics, about 66% of the global fish consumption comes from ocean. Therefore, it is important to monitor and regulate oceanic mercury levels to prevent more and more mercury reaching human population through seafood consumption.,

text: Mercury

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: mercury pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: mercury pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: mercury pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Which of the following is not a basic human necessity?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Mercury can get bio-accumulated in marine food chains

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: international action plan to minimize anthropogenic mercury emissions and clean up mercury pollution.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Global Mercury Assessment - 2002

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Mercury

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 66%

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Mercury

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: anthropogenic mercury emissions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Mercury

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Mercury

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: seafood consumption.,

text: Consumption smoothing is the economic concept used to express the desire of people to have a stable path of consumption. Since Milton Friedman's permanent income theory (1956) and Modigliani and Brumberg (1954) life-cycle model, the idea that agents prefer a stable path of consumption has been widely accepted. This idea came to replace the perception that people had a marginal propensity to consume and therefore current consumption was tied to current income.

text: Consumption smoothing is the

text: economic

text: concept used to express the desire of people to have a stable path of consumption. Since

text: Milton Friedman

text: 's

text: permanent income theory

text: (1956) and

text: Modigliani

text: and Brumberg (1954)

text: life-cycle model

text: , the idea that agents prefer a stable path of consumption has been widely accepted. This idea came to replace the perception that people had a

text: marginal propensity to consume

text: and therefore current consumption was tied to current income.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption smoothing

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption smoothing

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption smoothing

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the idea that agents prefer a stable path of consumption has been widely accepted.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Consumption smoothing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Consumption smoothing

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Consumption smoothing

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Consumption smoothing

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Consumption smoothing

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Consumption smoothing

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption.

text: Using the data from the US DOE Energy Information Administration/Electric Power Annual 2014 files Data was obtained from the most recent DOE Energy Information Agency (EIA) full year files.The following table derived from data mined from Electric Power Annual . identifies those states which generate more electrical energy than they need to meet their consumption needs. They supply those that need additional energy. Each states total electric generation for 2014 is compared with the states consumption and its share of the system loses and the difference between the generated electric energy and its total consumption (including its share of the system loses) is the amount of energy it exports. For Hawaii (HI), total consumption equals generated energy. For the other states multiplying their direct consumption by 1.101562245 (4136613879/3755224815) results in USA supply (including net imports) being equal to USA total consumption usage. State export is determined by subtracting the state's total consumption from its generation.

text: Using the data from the US DOE Energy Information Administration/Electric Power Annual 2014 files Data was obtained from the most recent DOE Energy Information Agency (EIA) full year files.The following table derived from data mined from Electric Power Annual . identifies those states which generate more electrical energy than they need to meet their consumption needs. They supply those that need additional energy. Each states total electric generation for 2014 is compared with the states consumption and its share of the system loses and the difference between the generated electric energy and its total consumption (including its share of the system loses) is the amount of energy it exports. For Hawaii (HI), total consumption equals generated energy. For the other states multiplying their direct consumption by 1.101562245 (4136613879/3755224815) results in USA supply (including net imports) being equal to USA total consumption usage. State export is determined by subtracting the state's total consumption from its generation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: India's exports

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The percentage of people in the world that live in abject poverty is decreasing.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hawaii

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: about 1 million of the worlds people do not have enough clean water

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: India's total agricultural exports amounted to a total of .

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The basic human necessities are food, clean water, secure shelter and basic sanitation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: generating more electrical energy than they need to meet their consumption needs

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: They supply those that need additional energy.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Administration/Electric Power Annual 2014

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hawaii

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Administration/Electric Power Annual 2014

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: loses

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: generate more electrical energy

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: generate more electrical energy than they need to meet their consumption needs.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: generate more electrical energy than they need to meet their consumption needs.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: generate more electrical energy than they need to meet their consumption needs.

text: , and accepted by other historians to help further explain the advent of the Industrial Revolution. Much of this theory deals with the spending behaviours of families in the period.  It also deals with the production and consumption of goods.  In fact, Industrious Revolutions are often characterized by a rise in demand for "market-supplied goods", which will minimize the value of domestic goods, before the ultimate consumption. Industrious Revolutions often occur during a period where labour wages have stagnated or decreased.  The theory of a pre-industrial Industrious Revolution is contested within the history community.

text: , and accepted by other historians to help further explain the advent of the

text: Industrial Revolution

text: . Much of this theory deals with the spending behaviours of families in the period.  It also deals with the production and consumption of goods.  In fact, Industrious Revolutions are often characterized by a rise in demand for "market-supplied goods", which will minimize the value of domestic goods, before the ultimate consumption. Industrious Revolutions often occur during a period where labour wages have stagnated or decreased.  The theory of a pre-industrial Industrious Revolution is contested within the history community.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the Industrial Revolution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Industrious Revolutions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a rise in demand for "market-supplied goods"

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: labour wages have stagnated or decreased.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Industrious Revolutions

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: labour wages have stagnated or decreased.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "market-supplied goods",

text: On the Amager Fælled (a common land), a 6 meters high replica of the Statue of Liberty emitting smoke from the torch has been placed. It was placed on the top of a hill at the center of the area. The sculpture is called "Freedom to Pollute" and symbolizes the western world’s over consumption and our reluctance to change this.

text: On the Amager Fælled (a common land), a 6 meters high replica of the Statue of Liberty emitting smoke from the torch has been placed. It was placed on the top of a hill at the center of the area. The sculpture is called "Freedom to Pollute" and symbolizes the western world’s over consumption and our reluctance to change this.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Amager F lled

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: what is the purpose of the passage?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: polluting

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What does the Statue of Liberty symbolize?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Western world’s

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Amager F<unk>lled

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Amager F<unk>lled

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "Freedom to Pollute"

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Pollute"

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Amager F<unk>lled

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: western world’s

text: In a standard Keynesian model, the MPC is less than the average propensity to consume (APC) because in the short-run some (autonomous) consumption does not change with income.  Falls (increases) in income do not lead to reductions (increases) in consumption because people reduce (add to) savings to stabilize consumption.  Over the long-run, as wealth and income rise, consumption also rises; the marginal propensity to consume out of long-run income is closer to the average propensity to consume.

text: In a standard Keynesian model, the MPC is less than the

text: average propensity to consume

text: (APC) because in the short-run some (autonomous) consumption does not change with income.  Falls (increases) in income do not lead to reductions (increases) in consumption because people reduce (add to) savings to stabilize consumption.  Over the long-run, as wealth and income rise, consumption also rises; the marginal propensity to consume out of long-run income is closer to the average propensity to consume.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: wealth and income rise

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption also rises

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: as wealth and income rise

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: wealth and income rise, consumption also rises;

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: wealth and income rise,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: In a standard Keynesian model,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In a standard Keynesian model,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: MPC is less than the average propensity to consume

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption also rises;

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: people reduce (add to) savings to stabilize consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Over the long-run,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: (autonomous) consumption does not change with income.

text: Water losses in the distribution network have been estimated at only 7 percent in 2001, down from 11 percent in 1991. According to a study commissioned by the BGW losses are 19 percent in England/Wales, 26 percent in France and 29 percent in Italy. These would not only be the lowest water losses in the four countries, but also in the world. The study states that its methodology allows for an accurate comparison, including water used to flush pipes and for firefighting. This is consistent with the International Water Association's definition of non-revenue water, which includes authorized non-metered consumption such as for flushing and firefighting.

text: Water losses in the distribution network have been estimated at only 7 percent in 2001, down from 11 percent in 1991. According to a study commissioned by the BGW losses are 19 percent in England/Wales, 26 percent in France and 29 percent in Italy. These would not only be the lowest water losses in the four countries, but also in the world. The study states that its methodology allows for an accurate comparison, including water used to flush pipes and for firefighting. This is consistent with the International Water Association's definition of

text: non-revenue water

text: , which includes authorized non-metered consumption such as for flushing and firefighting.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Italy

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: non-revenue water

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: authorized non-metered consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Water losses

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 11 percent in 1991.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Italy.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Water losses in the distribution network have been estimated at only 7 percent in 2001,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Water losses

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Water losses

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Water losses

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Water losses in the distribution network have been estimated at only 7 percent in 2001,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: authorized non-metered consumption

text: One of the more innovative accounting practices available today is resource consumption accounting (RCA).  RCA has been recognized by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) as a "sophisticated approach at the upper levels of the continuum of costing techniques" because it provides the ability to derive costs directly from operational resource data or to isolate and measure unused capacity costs.  RCA was derived by taking the best costing characteristics of the German management accounting approach Grenzplankostenrechnung (GPK), and combining the use of activity-based drivers when needed, such as those used in activity-based costing.  With the RCA approach, resources and their costs are considered as "foundational to robust cost modeling and managerial decision support, because an organization's costs and revenues are all a function of the resources and the individual capacities that produce them".

text: One of the more innovative accounting practices available today is

text: resource consumption accounting

text: (RCA).  RCA has been recognized by the

text: International Federation of Accountants

text: (IFAC) as a "sophisticated approach at the upper levels of the continuum of costing techniques" because it provides the ability to derive costs directly from operational resource data or to isolate and measure unused capacity costs.  RCA was derived by taking the best costing characteristics of the German management accounting approach Grenzplankostenrechnung (GPK), and combining the use of activity-based drivers when needed, such as those used in activity-based costing.  With the RCA approach, resources and their costs are considered as "foundational to robust cost modeling and managerial decision support, because an organization's costs and revenues are all a function of the resources and the individual capacities that produce them".

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: RCA

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Germany

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unused capacity costs

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: innovative accounting practices available today is resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: One of the more innovative accounting practices available today is resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: One of the more innovative accounting practices available today is resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: One of the more innovative accounting practices available today is resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: One of the more innovative accounting practices available today is resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unused capacity costs.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: One of the more innovative accounting practices available today is resource consumption accounting

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unused capacity costs.

text: Common side effects of phenelzine may include dizziness, blurry vision, dry mouth, headache, lethargy, sedation, somnolence, insomnia, anorexia, weight gain or loss, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, urinary retention, mydriasis, muscle tremors, hyperthermia, sweating, hypertension or hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, paresthesia, hepatitis, and sexual dysfunction (consisting of loss of libido and anorgasmia). Rare side effects usually only seen in susceptible individuals may include hypomania or mania, psychosis and acute liver failure, the last of which is usually only seen in people with pre-existing liver damage, old age, alcohol consumption, or viral infection.

text: Common side effects of phenelzine may include

text: dizziness

text: blurry vision

text: dry mouth

text: headache

text: lethargy

text: sedation

text: somnolence

text: insomnia

text: anorexia

text: weight gain

text: or

text: loss

text: nausea

text: and

text: vomiting

text: diarrhea

text: constipation

text: urinary retention

text: mydriasis

text: muscle tremor

text: s,

text: hyperthermia

text: sweating

text: hypertension

text: or

text: hypotension

text: orthostatic hypotension

text: paresthesia

text: hepatitis

text: , and

text: sexual dysfunction

text: (consisting of loss of

text: libido

text: and

text: anorgasmia

text: ). Rare side effects usually only seen in susceptible individuals may include

text: hypomania

text: or

text: mania

text: psychosis

text: and

text: acute liver failure

text: , the last of which is usually only seen in people with pre-existing

text: liver damage

text: old age

entity_name: Long-term effects of alcohol consumption

text: alcohol consumption

text: , or

text: viral infection

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: liver damage

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: phenelzine

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: anorexia,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Common side effects of phenelzine

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: diarrhea, constipation, urinary retention,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: hepatitis,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: phenelzine

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: viral infection.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Common side effects of phenelzine

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: phenelzine

text: Social class differences in food consumption are not necessarily static. A study of Finnish consumption patterns for the period from 1979 to 1990 found that across all classes the consumption of butter, high-fat milk, coffee and sugar had decreased and the consumption of vegetables had increased. From the mid-1980s, social class differences in food consumption had diminished with the lower social classes following consumption patterns established by the upper classes.

text: Social class differences in food consumption are not necessarily static. A study of Finnish consumption patterns for the period from 1979 to 1990 found that across all classes the consumption of butter, high-fat milk, coffee and sugar had decreased and the consumption of vegetables had increased. From the mid-1980s, social class differences in food consumption had diminished with the lower social classes following consumption patterns established by the upper classes.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of vegetables

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Finland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high-fat milk

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of vegetables had increased.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: decreased

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Finnish

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Social class differences in food consumption are not necessarily static.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Social class differences in food consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the consumption of vegetables had increased.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Social class differences in food consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Social class differences in food consumption are not necessarily static.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Social class differences in food consumption

text: Dependent upon the speed and quantity of consumption, overconsumption can lead to depletion or total and everlasting destruction of a resource. Important examples are agricultural areas, fish and other animals, forests, healthy water and soil, cultivated and natural landscapes. Such conditionally renewable resources are sometimes classified as a third kind of resource, or as a subtype of renewable resources. Conditionally renewable resources are presently subject to excess human consumption and the only sustainable long term use of such resources is within the so-called zero ecological footprint, wherein human use less than the Earth's ecological capacity to regenerate.

text: Dependent upon the speed and quantity of consumption, overconsumption can lead to depletion or total and everlasting destruction of a resource. Important examples are agricultural areas, fish and other animals, forests, healthy water and soil, cultivated and natural landscapes. Such conditionally renewable resources are sometimes classified as a third kind of resource, or as a subtype of renewable resources. Conditionally renewable resources are presently subject to excess human consumption and the only sustainable long term use of such resources is within the so-called

text: zero ecological footprint

text: , wherein human use less than the Earth's ecological capacity to regenerate.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: zero ecological footprint

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: zero ecological footprint

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: zero ecological footprint

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: depletion or total and everlasting destruction

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the speed and quantity of consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: zero ecological footprint,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Dependent upon the speed and quantity of consumption, overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: agricultural areas,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: depletion or total and everlasting destruction of a resource.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Dependent upon the speed and quantity of consumption, overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: depletion or total and everlasting destruction of a resource.

text: Some social critics and environmentalists believe that globalization, overpopulation and the economic practices of modern capitalist states over-stress the planet's ecological equilibrium. They warn that unless something is done to slow this, climate change will worsen eventually leading to some form of social and ecological collapse. James Lovelock believes that the ecology of the Earth has already been irretrievably damaged, and even an unrealistic shift in politics would not be enough to save it. According to Lovelock, the Earth’s climate regulation system is being overwhelmed by pollution and the Earth will soon jump from its current state into a dramatically hotter climate. Lovelock blames this state of affairs on what he calls “polyanthroponemia”, which is when: “humans overpopulate until they do more harm than good.” Lovelock states:

text: Some social critics and environmentalists believe that

text: globalization

text: overpopulation

text: and the economic practices of modern

text: capitalist

text: states over-stress the planet's

text: ecological equilibrium

text: . They warn that unless something is done to slow this,

text: climate change

text: will worsen eventually leading to some form of social and

text: ecological collapse

text: James Lovelock

text: believes that the

text: ecology

text: of the Earth has already been irretrievably damaged, and even an unrealistic shift in politics would not be enough to save it. According to Lovelock, the Earth’s climate regulation system is being overwhelmed by pollution and the Earth will soon jump from its current state into a dramatically hotter climate. Lovelock blames this state of affairs on what he calls “polyanthroponemia”, which is when: “humans overpopulate until they do more harm than good.” Lovelock states:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: globalization

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: globalization

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: polyanthroponemia

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the ecology of the Earth has already been irretrievably damaged,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: “polyanthroponemia”,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: modern capitalist states

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: “polyanthroponemia”,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: “humans overpopulate

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: “polyanthroponemia”,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: “polyanthroponemia”,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: “humans overpopulate until they do more harm than good.”

text: NACA Report 108 is an analysis of airplane engine tests made at the Bureau of Standards, attempting to identify fundamental relations between the manyvariables of engine operation. The engines were the Liberty L-12 and three models of the Hispano-Suiza 8F. The tests were made in the altitude chamber, where conditions simulated altitudes up to about 30,000 feet, with engine speeds from 1,200 to 2,200 rpm. Thecompression ratios of the different engines ranged from under 5:1 to over 8:1. The data taken on the tests were exceptionally complete, including many pressures and temperatures, besides the brake and friction torques, rates of fuel and air consumption, the jacket and exhaust heat losses.

text: NACA Report 108 is an analysis of airplane engine tests made at the Bureau of Standards, attempting to identify fundamental relations between the manyvariables of engine operation. The engines were the

text: Liberty L-12

text: and three models of the

text: Hispano-Suiza 8

text: F. The tests were made in the

text: altitude chamber

text: , where conditions simulated altitudes up to about 30,000 feet, with engine speeds from 1,200 to 2,200 rpm. Thecompression ratios of the different engines ranged from under 5:1 to over 8:1. The data taken on the tests were exceptionally complete, including many pressures and temperatures, besides the brake and friction torques, rates of fuel and air consumption, the jacket and exhaust heat losses.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: NACA Report 108

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: exhaust heat losses

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: exhaust heat losses

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel and air consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 5:1 to over 8:1.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NACA Report 108

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hispano-Suiza 8F.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NACA Report 108

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: exhaust heat losses.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NACA Report 108

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fuel and air consumption, the jacket and exhaust heat losses.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NACA Report 108

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel and air consumption,

text: while its cloth consumption at the consumption possibilities frontier is given by

text: while its cloth consumption at the consumption possibilities frontier is given by

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in cloth consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: it is increasing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the poorest

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: the consumption possibilities frontier

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the world's cloth consumption has increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evaporation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the consumption possibilities frontier

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption that exceeds the consumption possibilities frontier

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: cloth consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: cloth consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: cloth consumption at the consumption possibilities frontier

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: cloth

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: cloth consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: cloth consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: cloth consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: cloth

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: cloth consumption

text: Despite the global economic challenges and natural disasters in 2010-2011, Australia's tourism growth was supported by increased consumption (up 4.4% over the previous year, largely due to an increase in the number of visitors from overseas). On the back of a strong Australian dollar, 2010-11 also saw a record 7.4 million short-term resident departures from Australia, an increase of 9.9% from 2009-10. Domestic tourism consumption grew at less than half the pace of international consumption in 2010-11 (up 2.1% compared to 4.4%).

text: Despite the global economic challenges and natural disasters in 2010-2011, Australia's tourism growth was supported by increased consumption (up 4.4% over the previous year, largely due to an increase in the number of visitors from overseas). On the back of a strong Australian dollar, 2010-11 also saw a record 7.4 million short-term resident departures from Australia, an increase of 9.9% from 2009-10. Domestic tourism consumption grew at less than half the pace of international consumption in 2010-11 (up 2.1% compared to 4.4%).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Australia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: natural disasters

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increase in the number of visitors from overseas

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Australia's tourism growth was supported by increased consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Despite the global economic challenges and natural disasters in 2010-2011,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Australia's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Despite the global economic challenges and natural disasters in 2010-2011,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 7.4 million short-term resident departures from Australia,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Australia's tourism growth was supported by increased consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: natural disasters

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Despite the global economic challenges and natural disasters in 2010-2011,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased consumption

text: The upcycling concept was the title of the German book written by Gunter Pauli in 1998, the free translation of upsizing (the opposite of downsizing) book first published in 1998. The German edition was adapted to the German language and culture by Johannes F. Hartkemeyer, then Director of the Volkshochschule in Osnabruck. The concept was later incorporated by William McDonough and Michael Braungart in their 2002 book Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things. They state that the goal of upcycling is to prevent wasting potentially useful materials by making use of existing ones. This reduces the consumption of new raw materials when creating new products. Reducing the use of new raw materials can result in a reduction of energy usage, air pollution, water pollution and even greenhouse gas emissions.

text: The upcycling concept was the title of the German book written by

text: Gunter Pauli

text: in 1998, the free translation of upsizing (the opposite of downsizing) book first published in 1998. The German edition was adapted to the German language and culture by Johannes F. Hartkemeyer, then Director of the

text: Volkshochschule

text: in

text: Osnabruck

text: . The concept was later incorporated by

text: William McDonough

text: and

text: Michael Braungart

text: in their 2002 book

entity_name: Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things

text: Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things

text: . They state that the goal of upcycling is to prevent wasting potentially useful materials by making use of existing ones. This reduces the consumption of new

text: raw materials

text: when creating new products. Reducing the use of new raw materials can result in a reduction of energy usage,

text: air pollution

text: water pollution

text: and even

text: greenhouse gas

text: emissions.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a reduction of energy usage

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Germany

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: new raw materials when creating new products

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: greenhouse gas emissions.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1998.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: German

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas emissions.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: greenhouse gas emissions.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gas emissions.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Cradle to Cradle:

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: new raw materials

text: Resources are scarce and it is important to use them as efficiently as possible. Thus, it is essential to know if the production and distribution of national product made by an economy is maximally efficient. The production becomes efficient only if the productive resources are utilized in such a way that any reallocation does not produce more of one good without reducing the output of any other good. In other words, efficient distribution means that redistributing goods cannot make anyone better off without making someone else worse off. (See Pareto efficiency.)

text: Resources are scarce and it is important to use them as efficiently as possible. Thus, it is essential to know if the production and distribution of national product made by an economy is maximally efficient. The production becomes efficient only if the productive resources are utilized in such a way that any reallocation does not produce more of one good without reducing the output of any other good. In other words, efficient distribution means that redistributing goods cannot make anyone better off without making someone else worse off. (See

text: Pareto efficiency

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: efficient distribution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unproductive

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resources are scarce

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unbalanced distribution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: maximally efficient.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Resources are scarce and it is important to use them as efficiently as possible.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Resources are scarce

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Resources are scarce

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Resources are scarce and it is important to use them as efficiently as possible.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: production and distribution of national product

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Resources are scarce

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Resources are scarce and it is important to use them as efficiently as possible.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: more of one good without reducing the output of any other good.

text: The metaphor illustrates the argument that free access and unrestricted demand for a finite resource ultimately reduces the resource through over-exploitation, temporarily or permanently. This occurs because the benefits of exploitation accrue to individuals or groups, each of whom is motivated to maximize use of the resource to the point in which they become reliant on it, while the costs of the exploitation are borne by all those to whom the resource is available (which may be a wider class of individuals than those who are exploiting it). This, in turn, causes demand for the resource to increase, which causes the problem to snowball until the resource collapses (even if it retains a capacity to recover). The rate at which depletion of the resource is realized depends primarily on three factors: the number of users wanting to consume the common in question, the consumptiveness of their uses, and the relative robustness of the common.

text: The metaphor illustrates the argument that free access and unrestricted demand for a finite resource ultimately reduces the resource through

text: over-exploitation

text: , temporarily or permanently. This occurs because the benefits of exploitation accrue to individuals or groups, each of whom is motivated to maximize use of the resource to the point in which they become reliant on it, while the costs of the exploitation are borne by all those to whom the resource is available (which may be a wider class of individuals than those who are exploiting it). This, in turn, causes demand for the resource to increase, which causes the problem to snowball until the resource collapses (even if it retains a capacity to recover). The rate at which depletion of the resource is realized depends primarily on three factors: the number of users wanting to consume the common in question, the consumptiveness of their uses, and the relative robustness of the common.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: depletion of the resource

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: depletion of the resource

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: demand for the resource to increase

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-exploitation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what does the metaphor illustrate?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unrestricted demand

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: free access and unrestricted demand for a finite resource

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The metaphor illustrates the argument that free access and unrestricted

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: free access and unrestricted

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: free access and unrestricted demand for a finite resource

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: demand for the resource to increase,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: demand for the resource to increase,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: free access and unrestricted demand

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: free access and unrestricted demand for a finite resource

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: free access and unrestricted demand

text: Resettlement: According to Miller, Diệm, who described tenant farmer as "real proletariat" and pursued the goal of "middle peasantization", was not a beholden of large landowners, instead of vigorously implementing Land Reform, Diệm had his own vision in Vietnamese rural development based on resettlement, which focused on redistribution of people (rather than land), could reduce overpopulation and lead to many benefits in socio-economic transformation as well as military affairs and security, especially anti-communist infiltration. Moreover, Diệm was ambitious to envision Resettlement as a tactic to practice the government‘s ideological goals. The US and Diệm‘s differences over nation building in countryside shaped the clashes in their alliance.

text: Resettlement: According to Miller, Diệm, who described tenant farmer as "real proletariat" and pursued the goal of "middle peasantization", was not a beholden of large landowners, instead of vigorously implementing Land Reform, Diệm had his own vision in Vietnamese rural development based on resettlement, which focused on redistribution of people (rather than land), could reduce overpopulation and lead to many benefits in socio-economic transformation as well as military affairs and security, especially anti-communist infiltration. Moreover, Diệm was ambitious to envision Resettlement as a tactic to practice the government‘s ideological goals. The US and Diệm‘s differences over nation building in countryside shaped the clashes in their alliance.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Vietnamese rural development

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: socio-economic transformation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Vietnamese

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Resettlement:

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Resettlement:

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: The Coal Question; An Inquiry Concerning the Progress of the Nation, and the Probable Exhaustion of Our Coal Mines (1865) was a book by economist William Stanley Jevons that explored the implications of Britain's reliance on coal. Given that coal was a finite, non-renewable energy resource, Jevons raised the question of sustainability. "Are we wise," he asked rhetorically, "in allowing the commerce of this country to rise beyond the point at which we can long maintain it?" His central thesis was that the supremacy of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland over global affairs was transitory, given the finite nature of its primary energy resource. In propounding this thesis, Jevons covered a range of issues central to sustainability, including limits to growth, overpopulation, overshoot, energy return on energy input (EROEI), taxation of energy resources, renewable energy alternatives, and resource peakinga subject widely discussed today under the rubric of peak oil.

text: The Coal Question; An Inquiry Concerning the Progress of the Nation, and the Probable Exhaustion of Our Coal Mines (1865) was a book by

text: economist

text: William Stanley Jevons

text: that explored the implications of Britain's reliance on

text: coal

text: . Given that coal was a finite, non-renewable energy resource, Jevons raised the question of

text: sustainability

text: . "Are we

text: wise

text: ," he asked rhetorically, "in allowing the commerce of this country to rise beyond the point at which we can long maintain it?" His central thesis was that the supremacy of the

entity_name: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

text: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

text: over global affairs was transitory, given the finite nature of its primary energy resource. In propounding this thesis, Jevons covered a range of issues central to sustainability, including

text: limits to growth

text: overpopulation

text: , overshoot, energy return on energy input (

text: EROEI

text: ), taxation of energy resources,

text: renewable energy

text: alternatives, and resource peakinga subject widely discussed today under the rubric of

text: peak oil

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Great Britain

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Coal Question

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overshoot

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: peak oil.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Probable Exhaustion of Our Coal Mines

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Probable Exhaustion of Our Coal Mines

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: peak oil.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Exhaustion of Our Coal Mines

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Coal Question;

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overshoot,

text: The loss of this land had a dramatic effect on the Indians who lived on the reservations. Most of the land was unable to be harvested (to allow the trees to be cut down for wood, etc.) before the land was flooded over with water.  One visitor to the reservations later asked why there were so few older Indians on the reservations, and was told that "the old people had died of heartache" after the construction of the dam and the loss of the reservations' land. As of 2015, poverty remains a problem for the displaced populations in the Dakotas, who are still seeking compensation for the loss of the towns submerged under Lake Oahe, and the loss of their traditional ways of life.

text: The loss of this land had a dramatic effect on the Indians who lived on the reservations. Most of the land was unable to be harvested (to allow the trees to be cut down for wood, etc.) before the land was flooded over with water.  One visitor to the reservations later asked why there were so few older Indians on the reservations, and was told that "the old people had died of heartache" after the construction of the dam and the loss of the reservations' land. As of 2015, poverty remains a problem for the displaced populations in the Dakotas, who are still seeking compensation for the loss of the towns submerged under Lake Oahe, and the loss of their traditional ways of life.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the Dakotas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: poverty remains a problem for the displaced populations in the Dakotas,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Dakotas,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: poverty remains a problem for the displaced populations in the Dakotas,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: poverty

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Most of the land was unable to be harvested

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: construction of the dam

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The loss of this land

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: poverty

text: is labor (e.g., hours worked).  Note that this is separable in that the utility (loss) from working does not directly affect the utility (gain or loss) from consumption, i.e. the cross-derivative of utility with respect to consumption and labor is 0.

text: is labor (e.g., hours worked).  Note that this is separable in that the utility (loss) from working does not directly affect the utility (gain or loss) from consumption, i.e. the cross-derivative of utility with respect to consumption and labor is 0.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of less

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: decreasing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the world's population grew

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evaporation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption that is more than it should be

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: labor

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 0.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: labor

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: working does not directly affect the utility (gain or loss) from consumption,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: labor

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: labor

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: labor

text: A major threat to the populations of edible bullfrogs in most of its range is collection of frogs for local consumption. Edible bullfrogs are sometimes also found in the international pet trade but at levels that are low enough that they do not constitute a major threat to the species. In some areas, e.g. western Tanzania, habitat loss such as the conversion of miombo to agricultural land may combine with over exploitation to reduce populations.

text: A major threat to the populations of edible bullfrogs in most of its range is collection of frogs for local consumption. Edible bullfrogs are sometimes also found in the international pet trade but at levels that are low enough that they do not constitute a major threat to the species. In some areas, e.g. western Tanzania, habitat loss such as the conversion of

text: miombo

text: to agricultural land may combine with over exploitation to reduce populations.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: western Tanzania

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: habitat loss

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Edible bullfrogs are sometimes also found in the international pet trade

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: A major threat to the populations of edible bullfrogs

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: western Tanzania,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: A major threat to the populations of edible bullfrogs

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: edible bullfrogs

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: habitat loss

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: habitat loss

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: A major threat to the populations of edible bullfrogs

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: exploitation

text: To prevent further loss of groundwater, Tucson has been involved in water conservation and groundwater preservation efforts, shifting away from its reliance on a series of Tucson area wells in favor of conservation, consumption-based pricing for residential and commercial water use, and new wells in the more sustainable Avra Valley aquifer, northwest of the city. An allocation from the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct (CAP), which passes more than  across the desert from the Colorado River, has been incorporated into the city's water supply, annually providing over 20 million gallons of "recharged" water which is pumped into the ground to replenish water pumped out. Since 2001, CAP water has allowed the city to remove or turn off over 80 wells.

text: To prevent further loss of groundwater, Tucson has been involved in water conservation and groundwater preservation efforts, shifting away from its reliance on a series of Tucson area wells in favor of conservation, consumption-based pricing for residential and commercial water use, and new wells in the more sustainable Avra Valley aquifer, northwest of the city. An allocation from the

text: Central Arizona Project Aqueduct

text: (CAP), which passes more than  across the desert from the

text: Colorado River

text: , has been incorporated into the city's water supply, annually providing over 20 million gallons of "recharged" water which is pumped into the ground to replenish water pumped out. Since 2001, CAP water has allowed the city to remove or turn off over 80 wells.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Tucson

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: loss of groundwater

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption-based pricing for residential and commercial water use,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: To prevent further loss of groundwater,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Tucson

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Central Arizona Project Aqueduct

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: loss of groundwater,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: loss of groundwater,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: loss of groundwater,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: To prevent further loss of groundwater,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption-based pricing for residential and commercial water use,

text: The original intention was to fill the aircraft with one gallon of fuel and see how far they got. Seeing that this would lead to aircraft retrieval problems, the organisers decided that all flights must begin and end at Lypmne. Instead, each was fuelled over a gallon by a standard amount, landing when they judged they had insufficient fuel for another 12.5 miles. If they had used more than one gallon, the calculated consumption was pro rata; if they had used less than one gallon the consumption was nevertheless based on one gallon used.

text: The original intention was to fill the aircraft with one gallon of fuel and see how far they got. Seeing that this would lead to aircraft retrieval problems, the organisers decided that all flights must begin and end at Lypmne. Instead, each was fuelled over a gallon by a standard amount, landing when they judged they had insufficient fuel for another 12.5 miles. If they had used more than one gallon, the calculated consumption was pro rata; if they had used less than one gallon the consumption was nevertheless based on one gallon used.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Lypmne

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: If they had used more than one gallon,

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: aircraft retrieval problems,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The original intention was to fill the aircraft with one gallon of fuel

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Lypmne.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The original intention was to fill the aircraft with one gallon of fuel

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: aircraft retrieval problems,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: aircraft retrieval problems,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: aircraft retrieval problems,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The original intention was to fill the aircraft with one gallon of fuel

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: If they had used more than one gallon,

text: Dauvergne went on to research the consequences of consumption for global environmental change, as in his 2005 book with Jennifer Clapp, Paths to a Green World. He followed this with The Shadows of Consumption, which won the 2009 Gerald L. Young Book Award in Human Ecology. This book developed the metaphor of "ecological shadows" to discuss the global harm caused to the environment by high levels of consumption in the developed world, and rising levels of consumption in the developing world.

text: Dauvergne went on to research the consequences of consumption for global environmental change, as in his 2005 book with Jennifer Clapp, Paths to a Green World. He followed this with The Shadows of Consumption, which won the 2009 Gerald L. Young Book Award in Human Ecology. This book developed the metaphor of "ecological shadows" to discuss the global harm caused to the environment by high levels of consumption in the developed world, and rising levels of consumption in the developing world.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing world

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global harm caused to the environment

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: high levels of consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high levels of consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global environmental change,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Paths to a Green World.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing world.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Dauvergne

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental change,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: high levels of consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: high levels of consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Paths to a Green World.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: global harm caused to the environment

text: Plants and the environment are also central ideas to many of her projects. Her project Perspectivas (2013) commented on issues of environmental habitats as well as sociological issues within Colombia and other parts of the world. Colombia is rich in biodiversity, birds and reptiles in particular. But every year, seven million animals have their habitats illegally cleared and are shipped and sold around the world for an estimated $40 million. Calle demonstrated this collapse of habitat and freedom by crushing birdcages. The project was furthered by her trip to Vietnam where she noticed similarities in the destruction of forest and habitat. Within the project, there is also a juxtaposition “of the fact that millions of people are also locked out of the possibility of having a home due to overpopulation, as a result of land made uninhabitable by an unfair system of land speculation”. This relates to her Perimetros project where she created forms of a native tree to Mexico by typing on paper from Colombian ledger books. They are used as hand written archives of property ownership. Dominos (2011) is similar to Perimetros in that it is also created by typing text with a typewriter on paper. She uses old account logbooks for the paper. People were being displaced and moved by illegal armed forces and their land conspicuously reassigned. This project is about their loss of environment and stability. There is a juxtaposition within these projects because a tree is a stable, strong object and the paper they are created out of is a fragile, flimsy version of its origin.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the destruction of forest and habitat

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Vietnam

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: How many people are locked out of the possibility of having a home

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: What is the result of overpopulation?

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: seven million animals have their habitats illegally cleared

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: locked out of the possibility of having a home due to overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Colombia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: locked out of the possibility of having a home due to overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: destruction of forest and habitat.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Calle

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: Since the Carnation Revolution of 1974, which culminated in the end of one of Portugal's most notable phases of economic expansion (that started in the 1960s), a significant change has occurred in the nation's annual economic growth. After the turmoil of the 1974 revolution and the PREC period, Portugal tried to adapt to a changing modern global economy, a process that continues in 2013. Since the 1990s, Portugal's public consumption-based economic development model has been slowly changing to a system that is focused on exports, private investment and the development of the high-tech sector. Consequently, business services have overtaken more traditional industries such as textiles, clothing, footwear and cork (Portugal is the world's leading cork producer), wood products and beverages.

text: Since the

text: Carnation Revolution

text: of 1974, which culminated in the end of one of Portugal's most notable

text: phases of economic expansion

text: (that started in the 1960s), a significant change has occurred in the nation's annual economic growth. After the turmoil of the 1974 revolution and the

text: PREC

text: period, Portugal tried to adapt to a changing

text: modern global economy

text: , a process that continues in 2013. Since the 1990s, Portugal's

text: public consumption

text: -based

text: economic development

text: model has been slowly changing to a system that is focused on exports,

text: private investment

text: and the development of the

text: high-tech

text: sector. Consequently, business services have overtaken more traditional industries such as textiles, clothing, footwear and

text: cork

text: (Portugal is the world's leading cork producer), wood products and beverages.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the Carnation Revolution of 1974

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Portugal

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: cork

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic expansion

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: public consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a significant change has occurred in the nation's annual economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Since the Carnation Revolution of 1974,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Carnation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Since the Carnation Revolution of 1974,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Portugal tried to adapt to a changing modern global economy,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Since the Carnation Revolution of 1974,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: business services have overtaken more traditional industries

text: The episode "The Birdbot of Ice-Catraz" tackles the issues of pollution and its effect on wildlife. In a parody of the Exxon Valdez oil spill, a tanker spaceship  (piloted by a sober Bender) spills its cargo of "dark matter oil" on a penguin colony on Pluto. The dark matter actually functioned as an aphrodisiac, or as the environmentalist puts it "a Penguin Spanish fly", so rather than killing the penguin population, the pollution vastly increases the speed and rate of their breeding, as even the males were producing eggs. This leads the conservationists, who originally set out to save the wildlife and clean up the oil spill, to resort to hunting the penguins to prevent them starving from overpopulation. The episode's stance on the issue of hunting was influenced by some of the writers on The Simpsons, which has also presented multiple viewpoints on controversial issues.

text: The episode "

text: The Birdbot of Ice-Catraz

text: " tackles the issues of

text: pollution

text: and its effect on wildlife. In a parody of the

text: Exxon Valdez oil spill

text: , a tanker spaceship  (piloted by a sober Bender) spills its cargo of "

text: dark matter

text: oil" on a

text: penguin

text: colony on

text: Pluto

text: . The dark matter actually functioned as an

text: aphrodisiac

text: , or as the environmentalist puts it "a Penguin

text: Spanish fly

text: ", so rather than killing the penguin population, the pollution vastly increases the speed and rate of their breeding, as even the males were producing eggs. This leads the conservationists, who originally set out to save the wildlife and clean up the oil spill, to resort to

text: hunting

text: the penguins to prevent them starving from

text: overpopulation

text: . The episode's stance on the issue of hunting was influenced by some of the writers on

text: The Simpsons

text: , which has also presented multiple viewpoints on controversial issues.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Antarctica

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: oil

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: hunting the penguins to prevent them starving from overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The episode "The Birdbot of Ice-Catraz"

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ice-Catraz"

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Exxon Valdez

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: breeding,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: "dark matter oil"

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: Autonomous consumption (also exogenous consumption) is consumption expenditure that occurs when income levels are zero. Such consumption is considered autonomous of income only when expenditure on these consumables does not vary with changes in income; generally, it may be required to fund necessities and debt obligations. If income levels are actually zero, this consumption counts as dissaving, because it is financed by borrowing or using up savings.  Autonomous consumption contrasts with induced consumption, in that it does not systematically fluctuate with income, whereas induced consumption does. The two are related, for all households, through the consumption function:

text: Autonomous consumption (also exogenous consumption) is consumption expenditure that occurs when income levels are zero. Such consumption is considered autonomous of income only when expenditure on these consumables does not vary with changes in income; generally, it may be required to fund necessities and debt obligations. If income levels are actually zero, this consumption counts as

text: dissaving

text: , because it is financed by

text: borrowing

text: or using up

text: savings

text: .  Autonomous consumption contrasts with

text: induced consumption

text: , in that it does not systematically fluctuate with income, whereas induced consumption does. The two are related, for all households, through the

text: consumption function

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Autonomous consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Autonomous consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Autonomous consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Autonomous consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Autonomous consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Autonomous consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: induced consumption,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: dissaving,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Autonomous consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Autonomous consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: induced consumption,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: induced consumption,

text: Sidra Intersection estimates the cost, energy and air pollution implications of intersection design using a four-mode elemental model with detailed acceleration, deceleration, idling and cruise elements. This drive-cycle (modal analysis) method coupled with a power-based vehicle model is used to estimate operating cost, fuel consumption, greenhouse gas (CO2) and pollutant (CO, NOx, HC) emissions in order to assess the environmental impacts of traffic congestion. The model includes estimates of acceleration and deceleration times and distances for light and heavy vehicles coupled with a polynomial model of acceleration-time profile. The vehicle parameters in the model have been updated recently for modern vehicle fleet.

text: Sidra Intersection estimates the cost, energy and

text: air pollution

text: implications of intersection design using a four-mode elemental model with detailed

text: acceleration

text: , deceleration, idling and cruise elements. This drive-cycle (modal analysis) method coupled with a power-based vehicle model is used to estimate operating cost,

text: fuel consumption

text: , greenhouse gas (

text: ) and pollutant (

text: CO

text: NOx

text: HC

text: ) emissions in order to assess the environmental impacts of traffic congestion. The model includes estimates of acceleration and deceleration times and distances for light and heavy vehicles coupled with a polynomial model of acceleration-time profile. The vehicle parameters in the model have been updated recently for modern vehicle fleet.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Sidra

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: acceleration, deceleration, idling and cruise elements.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Sidra Intersection

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Sidra Intersection

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: traffic congestion.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Sidra Intersection

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption,

text: The General Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Pollutant Discharge Reduction aims to cut energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product (energy intensity) by 20% over the course of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan which ended in 2010, as well as cutting the discharge of major pollutants by 10%. Implementation involved a variety of measures, including increased use of renewable energy, revised pricing for primary energy sources and electricity, export restrictions on energy intensive and highly polluting products, and tax incentives for pollution-reduction projects. Central and local government will switch to low-energy lighting, and will be compelled to purchase only the most energy efficient and environmentally friendly electrical products

text: The General Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Pollutant Discharge Reduction aims to

text: cut energy consumption

text: per unit of gross domestic product (

text: energy intensity

text: ) by 20% over the course of the

text: Eleventh Five-Year Plan

text: which ended in 2010, as well as cutting the discharge of major pollutants by 10%. Implementation involved a variety of measures, including increased use of

text: renewable energy

text: , revised pricing for

text: primary energy

text: sources and electricity, export restrictions on energy intensive and highly polluting products, and tax incentives for pollution-reduction projects. Central and local government will switch to

text: low-energy lighting

text: , and will be compelled to purchase only the most energy efficient and

text: environmentally friendly

text: electrical products

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased use of renewable energy

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Central and local government

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: major pollutants

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy intensity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased use of renewable energy,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The General Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Pollutant Discharge Reduction

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The General Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Pollutant Discharge Reduction

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The General Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Pollutant Discharge Reduction

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Pollutant Discharge

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increased use of renewable energy,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The General Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Pollutant Discharge Reduction

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

text: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution.

text: Pollution is the introduction of

text: contaminant

text: s into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of

text: chemical substance

text: s or

text: energy

text: , such as noise, heat or light.

text: Pollutant

text: s, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as

text: point source

text: or

text: nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: nonpoint source

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Pollution

text: After its peak, gin consumption rapidly declined. From eighteen million gallons in 1743, it dropped to just over seven million gallons in 1751 and to less than two million by 1758, and generally declined to the end of the century. A number of factors appear to have converged to discourage consumption of gin. These include the production of higher quality beer of lower price, rising corn prices and taxes which eroded the price advantage of gin, a temporary ban on distilling, an increasing criticism of drunkenness, a newer standard of behavior that criticized coarseness and excess, increased tea and coffee consumption, an increase in piety and increasing industrialization with a consequent emphasis on sobriety and labor efficiency.

text: After its peak, gin consumption rapidly declined. From eighteen million gallons in 1743, it dropped to just over seven million gallons in 1751 and to less than two million by 1758, and generally declined to the end of the century. A number of factors appear to have converged to discourage consumption of gin. These include the production of higher quality beer of lower price, rising corn prices and taxes which eroded the price advantage of gin, a temporary ban on distilling, an increasing criticism of drunkenness, a newer standard of behavior that criticized coarseness and excess, increased

text: tea

text: and

text: coffee

text: consumption, an increase in

text: piety

text: and increasing

text: industrialization

text: with a consequent emphasis on

text: sobriety

text: and labor efficiency.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: rising corn prices

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excess

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased tea and coffee consumption,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: industrialization

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: piety

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: two million by 1758,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: gin.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: rising corn prices

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: industrialization

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: gin.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: coarseness and excess,

text: O2 Global Network -Oceanway -Over-consumption -Overpopulation

text: O2 Global Network

text: Oceanway

text: Over-consumption

text: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Oceanway

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Oceanway

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: -Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: -Over-consumption -Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: -Oceanway

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: -Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: -Over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: -Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: -Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: -Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: -Overpopulation

text: The permanent income hypothesis (PIH) is an economic theory attempting to describe how agents spread consumption over their lifetimes.  First developed by Milton Friedman, it supposes that a person's consumption at a point in time is determined not just by their current income but also by their expected income in future years—their "permanent income". In its simplest form, the hypothesis states that changes in permanent income, rather than changes in temporary income, are what drive the changes in a consumer's consumption patterns. Its predictions of consumption smoothing, where people spread out transitory changes in income over time, departs from the traditional Keynesian emphasis on the marginal propensity to consume. It has had a profound effect on the study of consumer behavior, and provides an explanation for some of the failures of Keynesian demand management techniques.

text: The permanent income hypothesis (PIH) is an economic theory attempting to describe how agents spread

text: consumption

text: over their lifetimes.  First developed by

text: Milton Friedman

text: , it supposes that a person's consumption at a point in time is determined not just by their current

text: income

text: but also by their expected income in future years—their "permanent income". In its simplest form, the hypothesis states that changes in permanent income, rather than changes in temporary income, are what drive the changes in a

text: consumer

text: 's consumption patterns. Its predictions of

text: consumption smoothing

text: , where people spread out transitory changes in income over time, departs from the traditional Keynesian emphasis on the

text: marginal propensity to consume

text: . It has had a profound effect on the study of consumer behavior, and provides an explanation for some of the failures of Keynesian demand management techniques.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the permanent income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption smoothing

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Keynesian demand management techniques.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The permanent income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The permanent income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The permanent income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The permanent income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption over their lifetimes.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: changes in permanent income,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The permanent income hypothesis

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: marginal propensity to consume.

text: Others dispute the importance of consumption over income, pointing out that if middle and lower income are consuming more than they earn it is because they are saving less or going deeper into debt. Income inequality has been the driving factor in the growing household debt, as high earners bid up the price of real estate and middle income earners go deeper into debt trying to maintain what once was a middle class lifestyle.

text: Others dispute the importance of consumption over income, pointing out that if middle and lower income are consuming more than they earn it is because they are saving less or going deeper into debt. Income inequality has been the driving factor in the growing

text: household debt

text: , as high earners bid up the price of real estate and middle income earners go deeper into debt trying to maintain what once was a middle class lifestyle.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: income inequality

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: growing household debt

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than they earn

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Income inequality has been the driving factor in the growing household debt,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Others dispute the importance of consumption over income,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: middle

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Others dispute the importance of consumption over income,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: household debt,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Income inequality has been the driving factor in the growing household debt,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Income inequality

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Others dispute the importance of consumption over income,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: if middle and lower income are consuming more than they earn

text: The intent of a green building design is to curtail the demand on non-renewable resources, amplify utilization efficiency of these resources when in use, and augment the reuse, recycling, and consumption of renewable resources.

text: The intent of a

text: green building

text: design is to curtail the demand on non-renewable resources, amplify utilization efficiency of these resources when in use, and augment the reuse, recycling, and consumption of renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: green building design

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unsustainable use of resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: augment the reuse, recycling, and consumption of renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: augment the reuse, recycling, and consumption of renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: non-renewable resources,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: non-renewable resources,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: demand on non-renewable resources,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: non-renewable resources,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: non-renewable resources,

text: "Charlie Johns has been snatched from his home on 61 North 34th Street and delivered to the strange future world of Ledom. Here, violence is a vague and improbable notion. Technology has triumphed over hunger, overpopulation, pollution, even time and space. But there is a change Charlie finds even more shocking: gender is a thing of the past. Venus Plus X is Theodore Sturgeon's brilliant evocation of a civilization for whom tensions between male and female and the human preoccupation with sex no longer exist.

text: "Charlie Johns has been snatched from his home on 61 North 34th Street and delivered to the strange future world of Ledom. Here, violence is a vague and improbable notion. Technology has triumphed over hunger, overpopulation, pollution, even time and space. But there is a change Charlie finds even more shocking: gender is a thing of the past. Venus Plus X is Theodore Sturgeon's brilliant evocation of a civilization for whom tensions between male and female and the human preoccupation with sex no longer exist.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: hunger, overpopulation, pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ledom

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: gender is a thing of the past.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Technology has triumphed over hunger,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ledom.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Technology has triumphed over hunger,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Technology has triumphed over hunger, overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Technology has triumphed over hunger,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: hunger,

text: The reform managed to subdivide private property into small pieces and create a certain equilibrium between former and new owners, leading to increased social stability, but the land's productivity did not experience substantial growth due to the rudimentary farming methods still employed. Average plots were 3.8 ha in size, less than the 5 ha needed for economic independence; the reform also suffered from corruption and protracted lawsuits. Ignorance, overpopulation, lack of farm implements and draft animals, too few rural credit institutions and excessive land fragmentation, exacerbated as the population grew, kept many peasants in poverty and yields inferior. Fewer pasturelands and forests, necessary for economic viability, were expropriated: by 1927, just 23% of the country's natural pastures and meadows had been distributed as common pastures, while only 12% of forests were ever distributed. The 1930 census found that 6,700 landowners held 24% of the land while 2.5 million farmers had 28%. Right before World War II, 8% of landowners still had about half the land, and in 1938 the country had just 4,039 tractors, implying one machine per 2,490 ha. Irrigated land, fertilizers, chemicals, seed and breeding stock were in similarly dismal supply.

text: The reform managed to subdivide private property into small pieces and create a certain equilibrium between former and new owners, leading to increased social stability, but the land's productivity did not experience substantial growth due to the rudimentary farming methods still employed. Average plots were 3.8 ha in size, less than the 5 ha needed for economic independence; the reform also suffered from corruption and protracted lawsuits. Ignorance, overpopulation, lack of farm implements and draft animals, too few rural credit institutions and excessive land fragmentation, exacerbated as the population grew, kept many peasants in poverty and yields inferior. Fewer pasturelands and forests, necessary for economic viability, were expropriated: by 1927, just 23% of the country's natural pastures and meadows had been distributed as common pastures, while only 12% of forests were ever distributed. The 1930 census found that 6,700 landowners held 24% of the land while 2.5 million farmers had 28%. Right before

text: World War II

text: , 8% of landowners still had about half the land, and in 1938 the country had just 4,039 tractors, implying one machine per 2,490 ha. Irrigated land, fertilizers, chemicals, seed and breeding stock were in similarly dismal supply.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased social stability

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increased social stability

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased social stability,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Ignorance, overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: peasants

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Irrigated land, fertilizers, chemicals, seed and breeding stock

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: poverty

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increased social stability, but the land's productivity did not experience substantial growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rudimentary farming methods

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Irrigated land, fertilizers, chemicals, seed and breeding stock

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Ignorance, overpopulation,

text: The competitive exclusion principle  also called "The Gause principle" which arose from mathematical analysis and simple competition models states that two species that use the same limiting resource in the same way in the same space and time cannot coexist and must diverge from each other over time in order for the two species to coexist. One species will often exhibit an advantage in resource use. This superior competitor will out-compete the other with more efficient use of the limiting resource. As a result, the inferior competitor will suffer a decline in population over time. It will be excluded from the area and replaced by the superior competitor.

text: The competitive exclusion principle  also called "The Gause principle" which arose from mathematical analysis and simple competition models states that two species that use the same limiting resource in the same way in the same space and time cannot coexist and must diverge from each other over time in order for the two species to coexist. One species will often exhibit an advantage in resource use. This superior competitor will out-compete the other with more efficient use of the limiting resource. As a result, the inferior competitor will suffer a decline in population over time. It will be excluded from the area and replaced by the superior competitor.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decline in population

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: decline in population

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The competitive exclusion principle

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the inferior competitor will suffer a decline in population

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The competitive exclusion principle also called "The Gause principle"

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the inferior competitor

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "The Gause principle"

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: decline in population

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: population

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: One species will often exhibit an advantage in resource use.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The competitive exclusion principle also called "The Gause principle"

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: advantage in resource use.

text: A manifest like the one above is parsed into an activation context by the SxS loader. There is a stack of activation contexts for each thread or fiber. An API allows programmatic manipulation of these contexts. It may be necessary for a library (DLL) to change its activation context, for example if it requires a specific version of another library for its own consumption instead of using the activation context of its caller. This type of issue is sometimes called (activation context) pollution. To prevent polluting its activation context, a DLL can have a manifest embedded as a resource, which is parsed when the DLL is loaded. This manifest must be at resource id 2 in the image file for the loader to find it.

text: A manifest like the one above is parsed into an activation context by the SxS loader. There is a stack of activation contexts for each thread or fiber. An API allows programmatic manipulation of these contexts. It may be necessary for a library (

text: DLL

text: ) to change its activation context, for example if it requires a specific version of another library for its own consumption instead of using the activation context of its caller. This type of issue is sometimes called (activation context) pollution. To prevent polluting its activation context, a DLL can have a manifest embedded as a

text: resource

text: , which is parsed when the DLL is loaded. This manifest must be at resource id 2 in the image file for the loader to find it.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: resource 2

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: context: overall

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: region 2

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resource id 2

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: resource 2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: This type of issue is sometimes called (activation context) pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: resource id 2

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: it requires a specific version of another library for its own consumption instead of using the activation context of its caller

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: SxS loader.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: resource id 2

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 2

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resource id 2

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: (activation context) pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: SxS loader.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: resource id 2

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution.

text: Most modern technologies have negative consequences that are both unavoidable and unpredictable. For example, almost all environmental problems, from chemical pollution to global warming, are the unexpected consequences of the application of modern technologies. Traffic congestion, deaths and injuries from car accidents, air pollution, and even global warming are unintended consequences of the invention and large scale adoption of the automobile. Hospital infections are the unexpected side-effect of antibiotic resistance, and even human overpopulation is the side effect of various technological (i.e., agricultural and industrial) revolutions.

text: Most modern technologies have negative consequences that are both unavoidable and unpredictable. For example, almost all environmental problems, from chemical pollution to global warming, are the unexpected consequences of the application of modern technologies. Traffic congestion, deaths and injuries from car accidents, air pollution, and even global warming are unintended consequences of the invention and large scale adoption of the automobile. Hospital infections are the unexpected side-effect of antibiotic resistance, and even human overpopulation is the side effect of various technological (i.e., agricultural and industrial) revolutions.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: chemical pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unintended consequences

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: almost all environmental problems, from chemical pollution to global warming,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: chemical pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Most modern technologies

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

text: The Green–Schwarz mechanism (sometimes called the Green–Schwarz anomaly cancellation mechanism) is the main discovery that started the first superstring revolution in superstring theory.

text: The Green–Schwarz mechanism (sometimes called the Green–Schwarz anomaly cancellation mechanism) is the main discovery that started the

text: first superstring revolution

text: in

text: superstring theory

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: superstring theory

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption that exceeds consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: superstring theory.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Green–Schwarz mechanism

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The Green–Schwarz

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Green–Schwarz mechanism

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The Green–Schwarz mechanism

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The Green–Schwarz mechanism

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Green–Schwarz mechanism

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Green–Schwarz mechanism

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The Green–Schwarz mechanism

text: Although there have been no recorded instances of harm to human health due to the consumption of genetically engineered foods, there is concern over their impact on health. One of the largest food recalls in US history, was the Taco Bell GMO recall, where a Bt corn plant not approved for human consumption due its risk as an allergen, had contaminated food products like the tacos at Taco Bell, and a huge percentage of US's seed supply.  No health problems were linked to Starlink corn, and subsequent evaluations of the Bt trait determined that there is medium risk to human health.

text: Although there have been no recorded instances of harm to human health due to the consumption of genetically engineered foods, there is concern over their impact on health. One of the largest food recalls in US history, was the

text: Taco Bell GMO recall

text: , where a

text: Bt corn plant

text: not approved for human consumption due its risk as an allergen, had contaminated food products like the tacos at Taco Bell, and a huge percentage of US's seed supply.  No health problems were linked to Starlink corn, and subsequent evaluations of the Bt trait determined that there is medium risk to human health.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: harm to human health

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: genetically engineered foods,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: genetically engineered foods,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: genetically engineered foods,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: genetically engineered foods,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: genetically engineered foods,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: genetically engineered foods,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: genetically engineered foods,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: genetically engineered foods,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: harm to human health due to the consumption of genetically engineered foods,

text: There have been considerable losses recorded by investors in UK land plot investment schemes. A large number of British companies offering UK land plots have failed or been shut down by the FSA or other authorities.Some companies have now moved offshore after FSA investigation. Some companies now offer UK land plots from locations such as Dubai or Singapore where the local authorities do not regulate such activities, or are not aware of the high risk nature of the investment. In June 2010 the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) issued a warning on land banking plots schemes warning they may be a scam with specific focus on companies offering land from the UK and Canada.

text: There have been considerable losses recorded by investors in UK land plot investment schemes. A large number of British companies offering UK land plots have failed or been shut down by the FSA or other authorities.Some companies have now moved offshore after FSA investigation. Some companies now offer UK land plots from locations such as Dubai or Singapore where the local authorities do not regulate such activities, or are not aware of the high risk nature of the investment. In June 2010 the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) issued a warning on land banking plots schemes warning they may be a scam with specific focus on companies offering land from the UK and Canada.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: UK

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high risk nature of the investment

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: considerable losses recorded by investors in UK land plot investment schemes.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: There have been considerable losses recorded by investors in UK land plot investment schemes.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Dubai or Singapore

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: There have been considerable losses recorded by investors in UK land plot investment schemes.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: losses recorded by investors in UK land plot investment schemes.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: There have been considerable losses recorded by investors in UK land plot investment schemes.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: losses recorded by investors in UK land plot investment schemes.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: There have been considerable losses recorded by investors in UK land plot investment schemes.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: losses

text: Resource consumption is about the consumption of non-renewable, or less often, renewable resources. Specifically, it may refer to:

text: Resource consumption is about the

text: consumption

text: of

text: non-renewable

text: , or less often,

text: renewable resource

text: s. Specifically, it may refer to:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewable resources

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: unsustainable

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: nonrenewable resources

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: renewable resources

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: nonrenewable resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: nonrenewable resources

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: non-renewable resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Resource consumption

text: There is considerable debate about whether the Khazzoom-Brookes Postulate is correct, and of the relevance of Jevons's paradox to energy conservation policy. Most governments, environmentalists and NGOs pursue policies that improve efficiency, holding that it will lower resource consumption and reduce environmental problems. Others, including many environmental economists, doubt this 'efficiency strategy' towards sustainability, and worry that efficiency gains may in fact lead to higher production and consumption. They hold that for resource use to fall, efficiency gains should be coupled with other policies that limit resource use.

text: There is considerable debate about whether the Khazzoom-Brookes Postulate is correct, and of the relevance of Jevons's paradox to

text: energy conservation

text: policy. Most governments, environmentalists and NGOs pursue policies that improve efficiency, holding that it will lower resource consumption and reduce environmental problems. Others, including many

text: environmental economists

text: , doubt this 'efficiency strategy' towards

text: sustainability

text: , and worry that efficiency gains may in fact lead to higher production and consumption. They hold that for resource use to fall, efficiency gains should be coupled with other policies that limit resource use.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental problems

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: higher production and consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reduce environmental problems.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: lower resource consumption and reduce environmental problems.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Khazzoom-Brookes Postulate

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Khazzoom-Brookes Postulate

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental problems.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: higher production and consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: energy conservation policy.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Khazzoom-Brookes Postulate

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: resource consumption and reduce environmental problems.

text: A bad coil pack may cause a misfire, bad fuel consumption or loss of power.

text: A bad coil pack may cause a misfire, bad fuel consumption or loss of power.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in the amount of fuel used in cars

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no one was able to grow crops

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: bad coil pack

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: bad fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: A bad coil pack may cause a misfire, bad fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: A bad coil pack

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: A bad coil pack

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: A bad coil pack

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: A bad coil pack may cause a misfire, bad fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: A bad coil pack

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: A bad coil pack

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: A bad coil pack

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: bad fuel consumption

text: The world's mounting ecological problems have brought about a widening interest in the concept of a steady-state economy. Critics of the steady-state economy object to it by arguing that resource decoupling, technological development, and the unrestrained operation of market mechanisms are fully capable of overcoming any resource scarcity, any rampant pollution or any overpopulation ever to be encountered on Earth. Proponents of the steady-state economy, on the other hand, rebut that these objections remain insubstantial and mistaken — and that the case for a steady-state economy is gaining leverage every day.

text: The world's

text: mounting ecological problems

text: have brought about a widening interest in the concept of a steady-state economy. Critics of the steady-state economy object to it by arguing that

entity_section: Decoupling environmental degradation and economic growth

text: resource decoupling

text: technological development

text: , and the

text: unrestrained operation of market mechanisms

text: are fully capable of overcoming any resource scarcity, any rampant pollution or any overpopulation ever to be encountered on Earth. Proponents of the steady-state economy, on the other hand, rebut that these objections remain insubstantial and mistaken — and that the case for a steady-state economy is gaining leverage every day.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unrestrained operation of market mechanisms

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a widening interest in the concept of a steady-state economy.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: technological development,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resource scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rampant pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The world's mounting ecological problems

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Work on critical consumption has differed in the terms used to refer to boycotting and buycotting actions. The more prominent include ethical consumption and political consumerism, while sustainable consumption, more linked with policy, has also increased in usage.

text: Work on critical consumption has differed in the terms used to refer to boycotting and buycotting actions. The more prominent include

text: ethical consumption

text: and

text: political consumerism

text: , while sustainable consumption, more linked with policy, has also increased in usage.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainable consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: critical consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainable consumption, more linked with policy, has also increased in usage.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: sustainable consumption,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Work on critical consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Work on critical consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: critical consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: sustainable consumption,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: critical consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: sustainable consumption,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: critical consumption

text: A doomer is a futurist who believes that global problems of ecological exhaustion — such as overpopulation, climate change, pollution, and especially peak oil — will cause the collapse of industrial civilization, and a significant human population die-off. Many doomers are also survivalists or 'preppers', that is, they are actively preparing themselves for the doom they perceive.

text: A doomer is a

text: futurist

text: who believes that global problems of

text: ecological exhaustion

text: — such as

text: overpopulation

text: climate change

text: pollution

text: , and especially

text: peak oil

text: — will cause the

text: collapse

text: of

text: industrial civilization

text: , and a significant

text: human population die-off

text: . Many doomers are also

text: survivalists

text: or 'preppers', that is, they are actively preparing themselves for the doom they perceive.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation, climate change, pollution, and especially peak oil

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: doomer

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: peak oil

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: doomer

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: In ecotopian fiction, the author posits either a utopian or dystopian world revolving around environmental conservation or destruction. Danny Bloom coined the term "cli fi" in 2006, with a Twitter boost from Margaret Atwood in 2011, to cover climate change-related fiction, but the theme has existed for decades. Novels dealing with overpopulation, such as Harry Harrison's Make Room! Make Room! (made into movie Soylent Green), were popular in the 1970s, reflecting the popular concern with the effects of overpopulation on the environment. The novel Nature's End by Whitley Strieber and James Kunetka (1986) posits a future in which overpopulation, pollution, climate change, and resulting superstorms, have led to a popular mass-suicide political movement. Some other examples of ecological dystopias are depictions of Earth in the films Wall-E and Avatar.

text: In ecotopian fiction, the author posits either a utopian or dystopian world revolving around environmental conservation or destruction. Danny Bloom coined the term "cli fi" in 2006, with a Twitter boost from

text: Margaret Atwood

text: in 2011, to cover

text: climate change-related fiction

text: , but the theme has existed for decades. Novels dealing with

text: overpopulation

text: , such as

text: Harry Harrison

text: 's

text: Make Room! Make Room!

text: (made into movie

text: Soylent Green

text: ), were popular in the 1970s, reflecting the popular concern with the effects of overpopulation on the environment. The novel Nature's End by

text: Whitley Strieber

text: and

text: James Kunetka

text: (1986) posits a future in which overpopulation, pollution, climate change, and resulting superstorms, have led to a popular mass-suicide political movement. Some other examples of ecological dystopias are depictions of Earth in the films

text: Wall-E

text: and

text: Avatar

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Soylent Green

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: mass-suicide political movement.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: climate change-related

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: ecotopian fiction,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: The most important part of final consumption expenditure is household final consumption expenditure. Government final consumption expenditure is made for collective consumption or for individual consumption in the form of social transfers in kind to households. Also non-profit institutions serving households provide individual consumption goods and services to households free of charge or at reduced prices.

text: The most important part of final consumption expenditure is

text: household final consumption expenditure

entity_name: Government final consumption expenditure

text: Government final consumption expenditure

text: is made for collective consumption or for individual consumption in the form of social transfers in kind to households. Also non-profit institutions serving households provide individual consumption goods and services to households free of charge or at reduced prices.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: not enough information

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Individual consumption goods and services

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: free of charge or at reduced prices.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The most important part of final consumption expenditure is household final consumption expenditure.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The most important part of final consumption expenditure is household final consumption expenditure.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The most important part of final consumption expenditure is household final consumption expenditure.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The most important part of final consumption expenditure is household final consumption expenditure.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The most important part of final consumption expenditure is household final consumption expenditure.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: free of charge or at reduced prices.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The most important part of final consumption expenditure is household final consumption expenditure.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: individual consumption

text: It is this over-consumption that is characterised as 'emissions debt' and which advocates argue must be paid for.

text: It is this over-consumption that is characterised as 'emissions debt' and which advocates argue must be paid for.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: emissions debt

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: It is this over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 'emissions debt'

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 'emissions debt'

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 'emissions debt'

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 'emissions debt'

text: Each nation or "peoples" would be given full freedom of what to do with their own resources. They would not be required to extract them, or allow others to extract them. If people decide to use a natural resource, they would pay a dividend. This includes oil, but also the various uses of reusable resources (e.g. polluting water). The dividend results in higher costs for natural resources, and thus amounts to a "tax on consumption".

text: Each nation or "peoples" would be given full freedom of what to do with their own resources. They would not be required to extract them, or allow others to extract them. If people decide to use a natural resource, they would pay a dividend. This includes oil, but also the various uses of reusable resources (e.g. polluting water). The dividend results in higher costs for natural resources, and thus amounts to a "tax on consumption".

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: tax on consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: oil

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: a dividend

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: polluting water

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: tax on consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: "tax on consumption".

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Each

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Each nation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "tax on consumption".

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: polluting water).

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: higher costs for natural resources,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: polluting water).

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Each nation or "peoples" would be given full freedom

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "tax on consumption".

text: Although all resources, whether mineral or other, are limited on the planet, there is a degree of self-correction whenever a scarcity or high-demand for a particular kind is experienced. For example, in 1990 known reserves of many natural resources were higher, and their prices lower, than in 1970, despite higher demand and higher consumption. Whenever a price spike would occur, the market tended to correct itself whether by substituting an equivalent resource or switching to a new technology.

text: Although all resources, whether mineral or other, are limited on the planet, there is a degree of self-correction whenever a scarcity or high-demand for a particular kind is experienced. For example, in 1990 known reserves of many natural resources were higher, and their prices lower, than in 1970, despite higher demand and higher consumption. Whenever a price spike would occur, the market tended to correct itself whether by substituting an equivalent resource or switching to a new technology.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher demand and higher consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: higher consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: higher consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: known reserves of many natural resources were higher, and their prices lower,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1970,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 1990

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: a scarcity or high-demand

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: higher demand and higher consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: higher demand and higher consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: a scarcity or high-demand

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: there is a degree of self-correction

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: higher consumption.

text: The range in the social discount rate for a cost-benefit analysis in this issue range from zero to over 3%. Some argue that the only reason for discriminating against future generations is that these generations might cease to exist in the future. Thus the rate of time preference should equal zero since the probability for such a catastrophic event is so low (assumed to be 0.01% per year). This infers that there is equal weight given to all generations. However, to the extent that future generations are likely to be richer than those in the present, a positive discount rate should be applied reflecting the diminishing marginal utility of consumption. The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change is one such report that argues for zero discrimination of future generations, but applied a range of positive discount rates to its assessment based on the range of consumption projections predicted by climate models at the time. There is an important distinction here between discounting, which is partly a function of expected future consumption paths, and pure time preference, which the rate of discrimination through time. A common misconception is that the Stern Review applied a zero discount rate. In fact, the Stern review's stochastic projections applied many discount rates reflecting a range of consumption projections, all of them positive, even while it took the rate of time preference to be close to zero. This confusion is prevalent. William D. Nordhaus of Yale

text: The range in the social discount rate for a cost-benefit analysis in this issue range from zero to over 3%. Some argue that the only reason for discriminating against future generations is that these generations might cease to exist in the future. Thus the rate of time preference should equal zero since the probability for such a catastrophic event is so low (assumed to be 0.01% per year). This infers that there is equal weight given to all generations. However, to the extent that future generations are likely to be richer than those in the present, a positive discount rate should be applied reflecting the diminishing marginal utility of consumption. The

text: Stern Review

text: on the Economics of Climate Change is one such report that argues for zero discrimination of future generations, but applied a range of positive discount rates to its assessment based on the range of consumption projections predicted by climate models at the time. There is an important distinction here between discounting, which is partly a function of expected future consumption paths, and pure time preference, which the rate of discrimination through time. A common misconception is that the Stern Review applied a zero discount rate. In fact, the Stern review's stochastic projections applied many discount rates reflecting a range of consumption projections, all of them positive, even while it took the rate of time preference to be close to zero. This confusion is prevalent.

text: William D. Nordhaus

text: of Yale

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: diminishing marginal utility of consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: zero to over 3%.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: zero to over 3%.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 3%.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: zero to over 3%.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Climate Change

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 3%.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Climate Change

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: diminishing marginal utility of consumption.

text: Although many of the environmental effects of pottery production have existed for millennia, some of these have been amplified with modern technology and scales of production. The principal factors for consideration fall into two categories: (a) effects on workers, and (b) effects on the general environment. Within the effects on workers, chief impacts are indoor air quality, sound levels and possible over-illumination. Regarding the general environment, factors of interest are fuel consumption, off-site water pollution, air pollution and disposal of hazardous materials.

text: Although many of the environmental effects of pottery production have existed for millennia, some of these have been amplified with modern technology and scales of production. The principal factors for consideration fall into two categories: (a) effects on workers, and (b) effects on the general environment. Within the effects on workers, chief impacts are indoor

text: air quality

text: sound levels

text: and possible

text: over-illumination

text: . Regarding the general environment, factors of interest are fuel consumption, off-site

text: water pollution

text: air pollution

text: and disposal of

text: hazardous materials

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the general environment

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: hazardous materials

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: fuel consumption,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: modern technology and scales of production.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: (a)

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: off-site water pollution, air pollution and disposal of hazardous materials.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: modern technology and scales of production.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fuel consumption, off-site water pollution, air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: modern technology and scales of production.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-illumination.

text: A study of the mineral contents of various edible mushrooms found that C. micaceus contained the highest concentration of potassium in the 34 species tested, close to half a gram of potassium per kilogram of mushroom. Because the species can bioaccumulate detrimental heavy metals like lead and cadmium, it has been advised to restrict consumption of specimens collected from roadsides or other collection sites that may be exposed to or contain pollutants.

text: A study of the

text: mineral

text: contents of various edible mushrooms found that C. micaceus contained the highest concentration of

text: potassium

text: in the 34 species tested, close to half a gram of potassium per kilogram of mushroom. Because the species can

text: bioaccumulate

text: detrimental

text: heavy metals

text: like

text: lead

text: and

text: cadmium

text: , it has been advised to restrict consumption of specimens collected from roadsides or other collection sites that may be exposed to or contain pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: heavy metals

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: A study of the mineral contents of various edible mushrooms

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: A study of the mineral contents of various edible mushrooms

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: A study of the mineral contents of various edible mushrooms

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: A study of the mineral contents of various edible mushrooms

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: it has been advised to restrict consumption

text: Since a few years, Firozabad has been suffering with a severe water pollution problem. The water has been polluted by the indiscriminate discharge of wastes by the industries, causing a literal water "crisis". The water has been tendered practically unusable. Citizens have no option but to install water purifiers at home and use packaged drinking water for consumption.

text: Since a few years, Firozabad has been suffering with a severe water pollution problem. The water has been polluted by the indiscriminate discharge of wastes by the industries, causing a literal water "crisis". The water has been tendered practically unusable. Citizens have no option but to install water purifiers at home and use packaged drinking water for consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no ans

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Firozabad

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: packaged drinking water

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: water "crisis".

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Firozabad has been suffering with a severe water pollution problem.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Firozabad

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water "crisis".

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Firozabad has been suffering with a severe water pollution problem.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: indiscriminate discharge of wastes by the industries,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Citizens have no option but to install water purifiers

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: packaged drinking water

text: A catchwater device is a large-scale man-made device for catching surface runoff from hills and the sky from precipitation by channeling it to reservoirs for commercial and domestic use later. Freshwater is a scarce natural resource due to pollution, droughts, and overpopulation. Catchwater is a sustainable mechanism to increase freshwater in areas facing droughts or polluted waterways.

text: A catchwater device is a large-scale man-made device for catching

text: surface runoff

text: from hills and the sky from precipitation by channeling it to reservoirs for commercial and domestic use later. Freshwater is a scarce natural resource due to pollution, droughts, and overpopulation. Catchwater is a sustainable mechanism to increase freshwater in areas facing droughts or polluted waterways.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: catching surface runoff

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Freshwater

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: A catchwater

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Freshwater is a scarce natural resource

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Freshwater

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Freshwater is a scarce natural resource

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Freshwater

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: In another study done in Northern Ireland, 19 subjects consumed a supplement also composed of all three macular carotenoids, including meso-zeaxanthin over a period of 22 days. Results demonstrated that meso-zeaxanthin was absorbed. At the Institute of Vision Research, Waterford Institute of Technology, the Meso-zeaxanthin Ocular Supplementation Trials (MOST), have been conducted to evaluate safety, MP response and serum carotenoid response in subjects with and without AMD, following consumption of a supplement containing all three macular carotenoids in which meso-zeaxanthin was predominant. These studies confirmed safety for human consumption of the macular carotenoids  following many biological tests to assess renal and liver function, lipid profile, hematologic profile, and markers of inflammation.

text: In another study done in Northern Ireland, 19 subjects consumed a supplement also composed of all three macular carotenoids, including meso-zeaxanthin over a period of 22 days. Results demonstrated that meso-zeaxanthin was absorbed. At the Institute of Vision Research, Waterford Institute of Technology, the Meso-zeaxanthin Ocular Supplementation Trials (MOST), have been conducted to evaluate safety, MP response and serum carotenoid response in subjects with and without AMD, following consumption of a supplement containing all three macular carotenoids in which meso-zeaxanthin was predominant. These studies confirmed safety for human consumption of the macular carotenoids  following many biological tests to assess renal and liver function, lipid profile, hematologic profile, and markers of inflammation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: meso-zeaxanthin

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Northern Ireland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of a supplement

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: safety for human consumption of the macular carotenoids

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In another study done in Northern Ireland,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Northern Ireland,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In another study done in Northern Ireland,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: AMD,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Ireland,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: inflammation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: In another study done in Northern Ireland,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 22 days.

text: Chicken passed pork consumption in 1985. Chicken consumption surpassed beef consumption in 1992.

text: Chicken passed pork consumption in 1985. Chicken consumption surpassed beef consumption in 1992.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: chicken becoming more popular

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: chicken consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evaporation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: chicken

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Chicken consumption surpassed beef consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Chicken passed pork consumption in 1985. Chicken consumption surpassed beef consumption in 1992.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Chicken

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Chicken passed pork consumption in 1985. Chicken consumption surpassed beef consumption in 1992.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Chicken passed pork consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Chicken passed pork consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Chicken

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Chicken consumption surpassed beef consumption in 1992.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Chicken

text: Examples of locust overpopulation caused by natural cyclic variations include:

text: Examples of

text: locust

text: overpopulation caused by natural cyclic variations include:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: natural cyclic variations

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: natural cyclic variations

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating too much food

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: locust overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Examples of locust overpopulation caused by natural cyclic variations

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: locust overpopulation caused by natural cyclic variations

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: locust overpopulation caused by natural cyclic variations

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: locust overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: locust overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: natural cyclic variations

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: locust

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: locust overpopulation caused by natural cyclic variations

text: Air pollution comes from both natural and human-made (anthropogenic) sources. However, globally human-made pollutants from combustion, construction, mining, agriculture and warfare are increasingly significant in the air pollution equation.

text: Air pollution comes from both natural and human-made (anthropogenic) sources. However, globally human-made pollutants from combustion, construction, mining, agriculture and warfare are increasingly significant in the air pollution equation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human-made pollutants

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human-made pollutants

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Air pollution comes from both natural and human-made (anthropogenic) sources.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: globally

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human-made pollutants

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human-made pollutants from combustion, construction, mining, agriculture and warfare

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Air pollution comes from both natural and human-made

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Air pollution

text: Energy in Japan refers to energy and electricity production, consumption, import and export in Japan. The country's primary energy consumption was 477.6 Mtoe in 2011, a decrease of 5% over the previous year.

text: Energy in Japan refers to

text: energy

text: and

text: electricity

text: production, consumption, import and export in

text: Japan

text: . The country's primary energy consumption was 477.6

text: Mtoe

text: in 2011, a decrease of 5% over the previous year.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Japan's primary energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Japan

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Mtoe

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: decrease of 5%

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 5%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Japan

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 477.6 Mtoe in 2011,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 477.6 Mtoe

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Energy in Japan

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Energy in Japan

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 5%

text: In 1805 they numbered, according to the most reliable estimates, probably over 6,000 but have greatly decreased since the advent of the whites, and they are still on the decline. Contributing causes were incessant wars with the more powerful Blackfeet in earlier years; a wasting fever, and measles epidemic (1847) from contact with immigrants; smallpox and other diseases following the occupation of the country by miners after 1860; losses in the war of 1877 and subsequent removals; and wholesale spread of consumption because of their changed condition of living under civilization. In 1848 they were officially estimated at 3,000; by 1910 they were officially reported at 1,530.

text: In 1805 they numbered, according to the most reliable estimates, probably over 6,000 but have greatly decreased since the advent of the whites, and they are still on the decline. Contributing causes were incessant wars with the more powerful Blackfeet in earlier years; a

text: wasting

text: fever, and

text: measles

text: epidemic (1847) from contact with immigrants;

text: smallpox

text: and other diseases following the occupation of the country by miners after 1860; losses in the war of 1877 and subsequent removals; and wholesale spread of

text: consumption

text: because of their changed condition of living under civilization. In 1848 they were officially estimated at 3,000; by 1910 they were officially reported at 1,530.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Blackfeet

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: wholesale spread of consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: incessant wars

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wholesale spread of consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: greatly decreased since the advent of the whites,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: they are still on the decline.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Blackfeet

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1,530.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: wasting fever,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: wholesale spread of consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: incessant wars

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 3,000; by 1910 they were officially reported at 1,530.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wholesale spread of consumption

text: Alcohol consumption can lower social inhibitions in both men and women, producing social behaviors not typical in the individuals' day-to-day sober lives. For example, in social settings women will tend to be uncomfortable with sexual acts and provocations as well as feeling uncomfortable in social settings that are generally male dominated such as strip clubs or bars. However, consumption of alcohol has been seen to lower these inhibitions, making women feel freer and more ready to participate socially in events and behaviors that they would normally feel inhibited from participating in if they were sober. As an example, women participating in bachelorette parties generally consume copious amounts of alcohol for the event. As a result, the females feel less inhibited and are more likely to then engage in behavior that they would normally view as deviant or inappropriate. In an examination of bachelorette parties it was found that when those attending the party consumed only a couple of drinks behavior minimally reflected any alcohol consumption, assuming that the party guests were still socially inhibited and less inclined to perform deviant behaviors. Similarly, "levels of intoxication were correlated with the atmosphere of the party, such that parties with little or no alcohol were perceived as less 'wild' than parties a lot of alcohol consumption." Conceivably, the bachelorette parties show tendencies of "wild" behavior after excessive alcohol consumption, which consequently lowers the inhibitions of the consumers.

text: Alcohol consumption can lower social inhibitions in both men and women, producing social behaviors not typical in the individuals' day-to-day sober lives. For example, in social settings women will tend to be uncomfortable with sexual acts and provocations as well as feeling uncomfortable in social settings that are generally male dominated such as strip clubs or bars. However, consumption of alcohol has been seen to lower these inhibitions, making women feel freer and more ready to participate socially in events and behaviors that they would normally feel inhibited from participating in if they were sober. As an example, women participating in

text: bachelorette parties

text: generally consume copious amounts of alcohol for the event. As a result, the females feel less inhibited and are more likely to then engage in behavior that they would normally view as deviant or inappropriate. In an examination of bachelorette parties it was found that when those attending the party consumed only a couple of drinks behavior minimally reflected any alcohol consumption, assuming that the party guests were still socially inhibited and less inclined to perform deviant behaviors. Similarly, "levels of intoxication were correlated with the atmosphere of the party, such that parties with little or no alcohol were perceived as less 'wild' than parties a lot of alcohol consumption." Conceivably, the bachelorette parties show tendencies of "wild" behavior after excessive alcohol consumption, which consequently lowers the inhibitions of the consumers.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sober lives.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Alcohol consumption can lower social inhibitions

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Alcohol

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Alcohol consumption can lower social inhibitions

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Alcohol consumption can lower social inhibitions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Alcohol consumption can lower social inhibitions

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Alcohol consumption can lower social inhibitions

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive alcohol consumption,

text: Both technological optimists and proponents of decoupling cite efficiency of resource use as a way to mitigate the problems associated with economic growth. But history has shown that when technological progress increases the efficiency with which a resource is used, the rate of consumption of that resource actually tends to rise. This phenomenon is called the rebound effect (conservation) or Jevons paradox. A recent extensive historical analysis of technological efficiency improvements has conclusively shown that energy and materials use efficiency improvements were almost always outpaced by economic growth, resulting in a net increase in resource use and associated pollution.  Furthermore, there are inherent thermodynamic (i.e., second law of thermodynamics) and practical limits to all efficiency improvements. For example, there are certain minimum unavoidable material requirements for growing food, and there are limits to making automobiles, houses, furniture, and other products lighter and thinner without the risk of losing their necessary functions.

text: Both technological optimists and proponents of decoupling cite efficiency of resource use as a way to mitigate the problems associated with economic growth. But history has shown that when technological progress increases the efficiency with which a resource is used, the rate of consumption of that resource actually tends to rise. This phenomenon is called the

text: rebound effect (conservation)

text: or

text: Jevons paradox

text: . A recent extensive historical analysis of technological efficiency improvements has conclusively shown that energy and materials use efficiency improvements were almost always outpaced by economic growth, resulting in a net increase in resource use and associated pollution.  Furthermore, there are inherent thermodynamic (i.e.,

text: second law of thermodynamics

text: ) and practical limits to all efficiency improvements. For example, there are certain minimum unavoidable material requirements for growing food, and there are limits to making automobiles, houses, furniture, and other products lighter and thinner without the risk of losing their necessary functions.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: a net increase in resource use and associated pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: when technological progress increases the efficiency with which a resource is used

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a net increase in resource use and associated pollution.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: economic growth.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: rebound effect (conservation) or Jevons paradox.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: energy and materials use efficiency improvements were almost always outpaced by economic growth,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution.

text: Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting. A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.  At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized. In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.

text: Diets to promote

text: weight loss

text: can be categorized as:

text: low-fat

text: low-carbohydrate

text: low-calorie

text: very low calorie

text: and more recently

text: flexible dieting

text: . A

text: meta-analysis

text: of six randomized controlled trials found no difference between low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, and low-fat diets, with a 2–4 kilogram weight loss over 12–18 months in all studies.  At two years, all calorie-reduced diet types cause equal weight loss irrespective of the macronutrients emphasized. In general, the most effective diet is any which reduces calorie consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: diets to promote weight loss

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: low-calorie

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: calorie consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: flexible dieting.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Diets to promote weight loss

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: low-fat,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Diets to promote weight loss

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: low-fat,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: low-fat, low-carbohydrate,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: macronutrients emphasized.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: low-fat,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: calorie

text: In 1944, 29 reindeer were introduced to the island by the United States Coast Guard to provide an emergency food source.  The Coast Guard abandoned the island a few years later, leaving the reindeer. Subsequently, the reindeer population rose to about 6,000 by 1963 and then died off in the next two years to 42 animals. A scientific study attributed the population crash to the limited food supply in interaction with climatic factors (the winter of 1963–64 was exceptionally severe in the region).  By the 1980s, the reindeer population had completely died out. Environmentalists see this as an issue of overpopulation. For example, ecologist Garrett Hardin cited the "natural experiment" of St. Matthew Island of the reindeer population explosion and collapse as a paradigmatic example of the consequences of overpopulation in his essay An Ecolate View of the Human Predicament.

text: In 1944, 29

text: reindeer

text: were introduced to the island by the United States Coast Guard to provide an emergency food source.  The Coast Guard abandoned the island a few years later, leaving the reindeer. Subsequently, the reindeer population rose to about 6,000 by 1963 and then died off in the next two years to 42 animals. A scientific study attributed the population crash to the limited food supply in interaction with climatic factors (the winter of 1963–64 was exceptionally severe in the region).  By the 1980s, the reindeer population had completely died out. Environmentalists see this as an issue of overpopulation. For example, ecologist

text: Garrett Hardin

text: cited the "natural experiment" of St. Matthew Island of the reindeer population explosion and collapse as a paradigmatic example of the consequences of overpopulation in his essay An Ecolate View of the Human Predicament.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: St. Matthew Island

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: St. Matthew Island

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: According to this view, when people feel depleted, there might still exist a reserve store of energy to be used in extreme, high priority situations that could be encountered in the future. This can be adaptive to the extent that expending any more resources at a given time might render an individual fully depleted of their resources in an unexpected situation requiring self-regulation or other self-monitoring behaviours. The existence of a spare reservoir of mental energy ultimately explains why various motivators can buffer the effects of mild or moderate ego depletion. In a state of low resources, an individual lacks motivation to exert any more energy, but if motivation is presented, there are still extra resources that can be used up. Thus, ego depletion could be conceptualized as a psychological constraint necessary to safeguard precious resources that might be needed in emergency situations in the future. Under mild depletion, people still have a small amount of energy left in their "tank", which they do not have access to under normal circumstances.

text: According to this view, when people feel depleted, there might still exist a reserve store of energy to be used in extreme, high priority situations that could be encountered in the future. This can be adaptive to the extent that expending any more resources at a given time might render an individual fully depleted of their resources in an unexpected situation requiring self-regulation or other self-monitoring behaviours. The existence of a spare reservoir of mental energy ultimately explains why various motivators can buffer the effects of mild or moderate ego depletion. In a state of low resources, an individual lacks motivation to exert any more energy, but if motivation is presented, there are still extra resources that can be used up. Thus, ego depletion could be conceptualized as a psychological constraint necessary to safeguard precious resources that might be needed in emergency situations in the future. Under mild depletion, people still have a small amount of energy left in their "tank", which they do not have access to under normal circumstances.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: expending any more resources at a given time

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a reserve store of energy

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: self-regulation or other self-monitoring behaviours.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: According to this view, when people feel depleted,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: self-regulation or other self-monitoring behaviours.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: ego depletion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: energy

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: people feel depleted,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: energy

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: expending any more resources at a given time

text: The problem of optimal consumption and investment is concerned with the decisions of a single agent endowed with some initial wealth who seeks to maximize total expected discounted utility of consumption. The decisions are the rate of consumption and the allocation of their wealth directed to risky and risk-free investments over time. The problem was first studied by Paul Samuelson and Robert Merton in 1969 and 1971; however none of their formulations took into account the possibility that an agent might go bankrupt in the process. In a set of articles published during the period from 1979 to 1996, Suresh Sethi and various co-authors explicitly introduced a bankruptcy value/penalty in the consumption/investment model. They also introduced a nonzero subsistence consumption level, which makes the consideration of bankruptcy even more important. This provided the ability to deal mathematically with the problems of bankruptcy in the study of consumption and investment. This research provides a useful frame for deepening our understanding of the consumption and portfolio selection behavior of individuals and households, and it is collected in a book titled Optimal Consumption and Investment with Bankruptcy.

text: The problem of optimal consumption and investment is concerned with the decisions of a single agent endowed with some initial wealth who seeks to maximize total expected discounted utility of consumption. The decisions are the rate of consumption and the allocation of their wealth directed to risky and risk-free investments over time. The problem was first studied by

text: Paul Samuelson

text: and

text: Robert Merton

text: in 1969 and 1971; however none of their formulations took into account the possibility that an agent might go bankrupt in the process. In a set of articles published during the period from 1979 to 1996, Suresh Sethi and various co-authors explicitly introduced a bankruptcy value/penalty in the consumption/investment model. They also introduced a nonzero subsistence consumption level, which makes the consideration of bankruptcy even more important. This provided the ability to deal mathematically with the problems of bankruptcy in the study of consumption and investment. This research provides a useful frame for deepening our understanding of the consumption and portfolio selection behavior of individuals and households, and it is collected in a book titled Optimal Consumption and Investment with Bankruptcy.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The problem of optimal consumption and investment

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: bankruptcy value/penalty in the consumption/investment model.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1979 to 1996,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Optimal Consumption and Investment with Bankruptcy.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Suresh Sethi

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Optimal Consumption and Investment with Bankruptcy.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: an agent might go bankrupt

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Optimal Consumption and Investment with Bankruptcy.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: maximize total expected discounted utility of consumption.

text: Defining this concept, individuals save out of their current income to smooth the expected consumption stream over time. The impact of the precautionary saving is realized through its impact on current consumption, as individuals defer their current consumption to be able to maintain the utility level of consumption in the future if income drops.

text: Defining this concept, individuals save out of their current income to smooth the expected consumption stream over time. The impact of the precautionary saving is realized through its impact on current consumption, as individuals defer their current consumption to be able to maintain the utility level of consumption in the future if income drops.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: precautionary saving

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: deferring current consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: precautionary saving

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Defining this concept, individuals save out of their current income

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Defining this concept, individuals save out of their current income

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Defining this concept, individuals save out of their current income

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The impact of the precautionary saving is realized through its impact on current consumption,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Defining this concept, individuals save out of their current income

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: income drops.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: precautionary saving

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: individuals save out of their current income

text: According to  FAO reports of 1999, the landings of subsistence and Coastal commercial fishing was of the order of 2700 metric tons and 230 metric tons respectively. The catches are unloaded mainly in Port Vila. In addition, foreign based vessels have also operated with catches of 118 metric tons, reported during 2000.Estimates of consumption of fish in the Vanavatu in recent years indicate a consumption level in the range of 15.9 to 25.7 kg per person per year. Considering an increase in population between 1999 and 2025, the estimated fish requirement is of 7,500 mt for 2025.

text: According to  FAO reports of 1999, the landings of subsistence and Coastal commercial fishing was of the order of 2700 metric tons and 230 metric tons respectively. The catches are unloaded mainly in Port Vila. In addition, foreign based vessels have also operated with catches of 118 metric tons, reported during 2000.Estimates of consumption of fish in the Vanavatu in recent years indicate a consumption level in the range of 15.9 to 25.7 kg per person per year. Considering an increase in population between 1999 and 2025, the estimated fish requirement is of 7,500 mt for 2025.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Vanavatu

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption level in the range of 15.9 to 25.7 kg per person per year

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 15.9 to 25.7 kg per person per year.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1999,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Vanavatu

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 7,500 mt for 2025.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 15.9 to 25.7 kg per person per year.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increase in population

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Coastal commercial fishing

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 15.9 to 25.7 kg per person per year.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 15.9 to 25.7 kg per person per year.

text: Dutch disease makes tradable goods less competitive in world markets. Absent currency manipulation or a currency peg, appreciation of the currency can damage other sectors,leading to a compensating unfavorable balance of trade. As imports become cheaper in all sectors, internal employment suffers and with it the skill infrastructure and manufacturing capabilities of the nation. This problem has historically influenced the domestic economics of large empires including Rome during its transition from a Republic, and the United Kingdom during the height of its colonial empire. To compensate for the loss of local employment opportunities, government resources are used to artificially create employment. The increasing national revenue will often also result in higher government spending on health, welfare, military, and public infrastructure, and if this is done corruptly or inefficiently it can be a burden on the economy. (If it is done efficiently this can boost economic competitiveness - effectively acting as a wage subsidy). While the decrease in the sectors exposed to international competition and consequently even greater dependence on natural resource revenue leaves the economy vulnerable to price changes in the natural resource, this can be managed by an active and effective use of hedge instruments such as forwards, futures, options and swaps, however if it is managed inefficiently or corruptly this can lead to disastrous results. Also, since productivity generally increases faster in the manufacturing sector than in the government, so the economy will have lower productivity gains than before.

text: Dutch disease makes tradable goods less

text: competitive

text: in world markets. Absent

text: currency manipulation

text: or a

text: currency peg

text: , appreciation of the currency can damage other sectors,leading to a compensating unfavorable

text: balance of trade

text: . As imports become cheaper in all sectors, internal employment suffers and with it the skill infrastructure and manufacturing capabilities of the nation. This problem has historically influenced the domestic economics of large empires including

text: Rome

text: during its transition from a Republic, and the

text: United Kingdom

text: during the height of its colonial empire. To compensate for the loss of local employment opportunities, government resources are used to artificially create employment. The increasing national revenue will often also result in higher government spending on health, welfare, military, and public infrastructure, and if this is done corruptly or inefficiently it can be a burden on the economy. (If it is done efficiently this can boost economic competitiveness - effectively acting as a wage subsidy). While the decrease in the sectors exposed to international competition and consequently even greater dependence on natural resource revenue leaves the economy vulnerable to price changes in the natural resource, this can be managed by an active and effective use of hedge instruments such as

text: forwards

text: futures

text: options

text: and

text: swaps

text: , however if it is managed inefficiently or corruptly this can lead to disastrous results. Also, since

text: productivity

text: generally increases faster in the manufacturing sector than in the government, so the economy will have lower productivity gains than before.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Dutch disease

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: productivity increases faster in the manufacturing sector

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Dutch disease

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive consumption of goods and services

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher government spending on health, welfare, military, and public infrastructure,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasing national revenue

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Rome during its transition from a Republic, and the United Kingdom

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Dutch disease makes tradable goods less competitive in world markets.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: internal employment suffers

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: lower productivity gains

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Dutch disease

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Dutch disease makes tradable goods less competitive in world markets.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: tradable goods

text: Often the affected population is transferred by force to a distant region, perhaps not suited to their way of life, causing them substantial harm. In addition, the loss of all immovable property and, when rushed, the loss of substantial amounts of movable property, is implied.  This transfer may be motivated by the more powerful party's desire to make other uses of the land in question or, less often, by disastrous environmental or economic conditions that require relocation.

text: Often the affected population is transferred by force to a distant region, perhaps not suited to their way of life, causing them substantial harm. In addition, the loss of all immovable property and, when rushed, the loss of substantial amounts of movable property, is implied.  This transfer may be motivated by the more powerful party's desire to make other uses of the land in question or, less often, by disastrous environmental or economic conditions that require relocation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: causing substantial harm

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: distant region

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic conditions that require relocation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: disasterous environmental or economic conditions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: loss of substantial amounts of movable property

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Often the affected population is transferred by force to a distant region,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Often the affected population is transferred by force to a distant region,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: distant region,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Often the affected population is transferred by force to a distant region,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: loss of all immovable property

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Often the affected population is transferred by force to a distant region,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: disastrous environmental or economic conditions that require relocation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Often the affected population is transferred by force to a distant region,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: movable property,

text: Assuming consumers experience diminishing marginal utility, they will want to smooth out consumption over time, e.g. take on debt as a student and also ensure savings for retirement. Coupled with the idea of average lifetime income, the consumption smoothing element of the PIH predicts that transitory changes in income will have only a small effect on consumption. Only longer-lasting changes in income will have a large effect on spending.

text: Assuming consumers experience

text: diminishing marginal utility

text: , they will want to smooth out consumption over time, e.g. take on debt as a student and also ensure savings for retirement. Coupled with the idea of average lifetime income, the consumption smoothing element of the PIH predicts that transitory changes in income will have only a small effect on consumption. Only longer-lasting changes in income will have a large effect on spending.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: diminishing marginal utility

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: diminishing marginal utility

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: debt

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: average lifetime income,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: average lifetime income,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Assuming consumers experience diminishing marginal utility,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: diminishing marginal utility,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Assuming consumers experience diminishing marginal utility,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumers experience diminishing marginal utility,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Assuming consumers experience diminishing marginal utility,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: diminishing marginal utility,

text: Julian Simon, a Cornucopian economist, argued that overpopulation is not a problem in itself, and that humanity will adapt to changing conditions. Simon argued that in the long run, human creativity would improve living standards, and that most resources were replaceable. Simon pointed out that over hundreds of years, the prices of virtually all commodities have dropped significantly and persistently. Ehrlich called Simon the leader of a "space-age cargo cult" of economists convinced that human creativity and ingenuity would create substitutes for scarce resources and reasserted the idea that population growth was outstripping the earth's supplies of food, fresh water and minerals. This exchange led to the Simon–Ehrlich wager, a bet about the trend of prices for resources over a ten-year period that was made in 1980 with Simon. Ehrlich was allowed to pick ten commodities that he predicted would become scarce and thus rise in price. Ehrlich chose mostly metals, and lost the bet, as their average price dropped by about 30% over the next 10 years. Simon and Erlich could not come to an agreement about the terms of a second bet.

text: Julian Simon

text: , a

text: Cornucopian

text: economist

text: , argued that overpopulation is not a problem in itself, and that humanity will adapt to changing conditions. Simon argued that in the long run, human creativity would improve living standards, and that most resources were replaceable. Simon pointed out that over hundreds of years, the prices of virtually all commodities have dropped significantly and persistently. Ehrlich called Simon the leader of a "space-age cargo cult" of economists convinced that human creativity and ingenuity would create substitutes for scarce resources and reasserted the idea that population growth was outstripping the earth's supplies of food, fresh water and minerals. This exchange led to the

text: Simon–Ehrlich wager

text: , a bet about the trend of prices for resources over a ten-year period that was made in 1980 with Simon. Ehrlich was allowed to pick ten commodities that he predicted would become scarce and thus rise in price. Ehrlich chose mostly metals, and lost the bet, as their average price dropped by about 30% over the next 10 years. Simon and Erlich could not come to an agreement about the terms of a second bet.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the prices of virtually all commodities have dropped significantly and persistently

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation is not a problem in itself

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: population growth outstripping the earth's supplies of food, fresh water and minerals

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human creativity would improve living standards,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the prices of virtually all commodities have dropped significantly and persistently.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: population growth was outstripping the earth's supplies of food,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: population growth

text: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment. Wild fisheries flourish in oceans, lakes, and rivers, and the introduction of contaminants is an issue of concern, especially as regards plastics, pesticides, heavy metals, and other industrial and agricultural pollutants which do not disintegrate rapidly in the environment. Land run-off and industrial, agricultural, and domestic waste enter rivers and are discharged into the sea. Pollution from ships is also a problem.

text: Pollution

text: is the introduction of contaminants into an environment. Wild fisheries flourish in oceans, lakes, and rivers, and the introduction of contaminants is an issue of concern, especially as regards plastics, pesticides, heavy metals, and other industrial and agricultural pollutants which do not disintegrate rapidly in the environment. Land run-off and industrial, agricultural, and domestic waste enter rivers and are discharged into the sea.

text: Pollution from ships

text: is also a problem.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: plastics

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: polluted

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: uncontrolled consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Wild fisheries

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment. Wild fisheries

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: oceans,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment. Wild fisheries

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Pollution

text: The energy intensity is the ratio of primary energy consumption over gross domestic product measured in constant US $ at purchasing power parities.

text: The energy intensity is the ratio of primary energy consumption over gross domestic product measured in constant US $ at purchasing power parities.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: energy intensity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: energy intensity

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: energy intensity increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: non-renewable resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The energy intensity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The energy intensity is the ratio of primary energy consumption over gross domestic product

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The energy intensity is the ratio of primary energy consumption over gross domestic product

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The energy intensity is the ratio of primary energy consumption over gross domestic product

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The energy intensity

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The energy intensity is the ratio of primary energy consumption over gross domestic product

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The energy intensity is the ratio of primary energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The energy intensity is the ratio of primary energy consumption over gross domestic product

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The energy intensity is the ratio of primary energy consumption over gross domestic product

text: A number of scientists have argued that the current global population expansion and accompanying increase in resource consumption threatens the world's ecosystem, as well as straining humanity's ability to feed itself.The InterAcademy Panel Statement on Population Growth, which was ratified by 58 member national academies in 1994, called the growth in human numbers "unprecedented", and stated that many environmental problems, such as rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, global warming, and pollution, were aggravated by the population expansion. Indeed, some analysts claim that overpopulation's most serious impact is its effect on the environment.At the time of the 1994 IAP statement, the world population stood at 5.5 billion, and lower-bound scenarios predicted a peak of 7.8 billion by 2050, a number that current estimates state will be reached in the late 2020s.

text: A number of scientists have argued that the current global population expansion and accompanying increase in resource consumption threatens the world's

text: ecosystem

text: , as well as straining humanity's ability to feed itself.The

text: InterAcademy Panel

text: Statement on Population Growth

text: , which was ratified by 58 member

text: national academies

text: in 1994, called the growth in human numbers "unprecedented", and stated that many environmental problems, such as rising levels of

text: atmospheric carbon dioxide

text: global warming

text: , and pollution, were aggravated by the population expansion. Indeed, some analysts claim that overpopulation's most serious impact is its effect on the environment.At the time of the 1994 IAP statement, the world population stood at 5.5 billion, and lower-bound scenarios predicted a peak of 7.8 billion by 2050, a number that current estimates state will be reached in the late 2020s.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: global population expansion

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global population expansion

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increase in resource consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, global warming, and pollution,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 5.5 billion,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: global population expansion

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 5.5 billion,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: straining humanity's ability to feed itself.The

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: itself.The InterAcademy Panel Statement on Population Growth,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increase in resource consumption

text: Linkola blames humans for the continuous degradation of the environment. He promotes rapid population decline in order to combat the problems commonly attributed to overpopulation. He is also strongly in favour of deindustrialization and opposes democracy, which he calls the "Religion of Death,"  believing it to be an agent of wasteful capitalism and consumerism. He considers the proponents of economic growth to be ignorant of the destructive effects which free market policies have had on the biosphere over the past two centuries.

text: Linkola blames humans for the continuous

text: degradation of the environment

text: . He promotes rapid population decline in order to combat the problems commonly attributed to

text: overpopulation

text: . He is also strongly in favour of

text: deindustrialization

text: and opposes

text: democracy

text: , which he calls the "Religion of Death,"  believing it to be an agent of wasteful

text: capitalism

text: and

text: consumerism

text: . He considers the proponents of

text: economic growth

text: to be ignorant of the destructive effects which

text: free market

text: policies have had on the

text: biosphere

text: over the past two centuries.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: wasteful capitalism

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: humans

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumerism

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: destructive effects which free market policies have had on the biosphere

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Linkola

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: degradation of the environment.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: humans

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Linkola

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wasteful capitalism and consumerism.

text: The world's electricity consumption was 18,608 TWh  in 2012. This figure is about 18% smaller than the generated electricity, due to grid losses, storage losses, and self-consumption from power plants (gross generation). Cogeneration (CHP) power stations use some of the energy that is otherwise wasted for heating buildings or in industrial processes.

text: The world's electricity consumption was 18,608 TWh  in 2012. This figure is about 18% smaller than the generated electricity, due to grid losses, storage losses, and self-consumption from power plants (

text: gross generation

text: Cogeneration

text: (CHP) power stations use some of the energy that is otherwise wasted for heating buildings or in industrial processes.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Cogeneration (CHP) power stations

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 18% smaller than the generated electricity,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The world's electricity consumption was 18,608 TWh in 2012.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The world's electricity consumption was 18,608 TWh in 2012.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The world's electricity consumption was 18,608 TWh in 2012.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: wasted

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 18% smaller than the generated electricity,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: grid losses,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The world's electricity consumption was 18,608 TWh in 2012.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: (gross generation).

text: The effects of the globally imbalanced power relations are best illustrated by looking at sectors strongly concerned with IPR, medicine and agriculture. These sectors are also crucial for development as they serve the basic needs of people.

text: The effects of the globally imbalanced power relations are best illustrated by looking at sectors strongly concerned with IPR, medicine and agriculture. These sectors are also crucial for development as they serve the basic needs of people.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalanced power relations

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalanced power relations

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: IPR, medicine and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: IPR, medicine and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: IPR, medicine and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: IPR,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: development

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: globally imbalanced power relations

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: IPR, medicine and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: globally imbalanced power relations

text: Logan's Run is a 1976 American science fiction film directed by Michael Anderson and starring Michael York, Jenny Agutter, Richard Jordan, Roscoe Lee Browne, Farrah Fawcett and Peter Ustinov. The screenplay by David Zelag Goodman is based on the book Logan's Run by William F. Nolan and George Clayton Johnson. It depicts a utopian future society on the surface, which becomes a dystopian society where the population and the consumption of resources are maintained in equilibrium by killing everyone who reaches the age of 30, preventing overpopulation. The story follows the actions of Logan 5, a "Sandman" who has terminated others who have attempted to escape death, and is now faced with termination himself.

text: Logan's Run is a 1976 American

text: science fiction film

text: directed by

text: Michael Anderson

text: and starring

text: Michael York

text: Jenny Agutter

text: Richard Jordan

text: Roscoe Lee Browne

text: Farrah Fawcett

text: and

text: Peter Ustinov

text: . The screenplay by

text: David Zelag Goodman

text: is based on the book

text: Logan's Run

text: by

text: William F. Nolan

text: and

text: George Clayton Johnson

text: . It depicts a

text: utopia

text: n future society on the surface, which becomes a

text: dystopia

text: n society where the population and the consumption of resources are maintained in equilibrium by killing everyone who reaches the age of 30, preventing

text: overpopulation

text: . The story follows the actions of Logan 5, a "Sandman" who has terminated others who have attempted to escape death, and is now faced with termination himself.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: dystopian society

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Logan's Run

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: killing everyone who reaches the age of 30,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Logan 5,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: killing everyone who reaches the age of 30,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: killing everyone who reaches the age of 30,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: This propulsion system allowed the Cochrane, during tests over a measured mile, a top speed of 12.8 knots. However, the maximum operating speed was 12 knots. At this speed fuel consumption was 45 tons of coal per day, with consumption of 35 tons per day at the reduced speed of 10 knots.

text: This propulsion system allowed the Cochrane, during tests over a measured mile, a top speed of 12.8 knots. However, the maximum operating speed was 12 knots. At this speed fuel consumption was 45 tons of coal per day, with consumption of 35 tons per day at the reduced speed of 10 knots.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: coal

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are necessary

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 45 tons of coal per day,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 12.8 knots.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Cochrane,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 45 tons of coal per day,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: coal

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 45 tons of coal per day,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 45 tons of coal per day,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fuel consumption was 45 tons of coal per day,

text: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimates that more than 40% of earth’s land surface is currently used for agriculture. And because so much land has been converted to agriculture, habitat loss is recognized as the driving force in biodiversity loss (FAO). This biodiversity loss often occurred in two steps, as in the American Midwest, with the introduction of mixed farming carried out on small farms and then with the widespread use of mechanized farming and monoculture beginning after World War II.  The decline in farmland biodiversity can now be traced to changes in farming practices and increased agricultural intensity.

text: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimates that more than 40% of earth’s land surface is currently used for agriculture. And because so much land has been converted to agriculture, habitat loss is recognized as the driving force in biodiversity loss (FAO). This biodiversity loss often occurred in two steps, as in the American Midwest, with the introduction of mixed farming carried out on small farms and then with the widespread use of mechanized farming and monoculture beginning after World War II.  The decline in farmland biodiversity can now be traced to changes in farming practices and increased agricultural intensity.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: American Midwest

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The decline in farmland biodiversity

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: habitat loss

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What does FAO mean?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased agricultural intensity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: biodiversity loss

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: American Midwest,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: habitat loss

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The decline in farmland biodiversity

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: habitat loss

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: habitat loss

text: This evolution is the result of two contrasting trends: Energy consumption growth remained vigorous in several developing countries, specifically in Asia (+4%). Conversely, in OECD, consumption was severely cut by 4.7% in 2009 and was thus almost down to its 2000 levels. In North America, Europe and the CIS, consumptions shrank by 4.5%, 5% and 8.5% respectively due to the slowdown in economic activity. China became the world's largest energy consumer (18% of the total) since its consumption surged by 8% during 2009 (up from 4% in 2008). Oil remained the largest energy source (33%) despite the fact that its share has been decreasing over time. Coal posted a growing role in the world's energy consumption: in 2009, it accounted for 27% of the total.

text: This evolution is the result of two contrasting trends: Energy consumption growth remained vigorous in several developing countries, specifically in Asia (+4%). Conversely, in OECD, consumption was severely cut by 4.7% in 2009 and was thus almost down to its 2000 levels. In North America, Europe and the

text: CIS

text: , consumptions shrank by 4.5%, 5% and 8.5% respectively due to the slowdown in economic activity. China became the world's largest energy consumer (18% of the total) since its consumption surged by 8% during 2009 (up from 4% in 2008). Oil remained the largest energy source (33%) despite the fact that its share has been decreasing over time. Coal posted a growing role in the world's energy consumption: in 2009, it accounted for 27% of the total.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: China becoming the world's largest energy consumer

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: OECD

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: China became the world's largest energy consumer

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Energy consumption growth remained vigorous

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Energy consumption growth remained vigorous in several developing countries,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Energy consumption growth remained vigorous in several developing countries,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: North America, Europe and the CIS,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Energy consumption growth remained vigorous in several developing countries,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Coal

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Energy consumption growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Energy consumption growth

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Energy consumption growth remained vigorous in several developing countries, specifically in Asia

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Energy consumption growth remained vigorous in several developing countries,

text: Since it is both theoretically and practically impossible to increase resource use efficiencies indefinitely, it is equally impossible to have continued and infinite economic growth without a concomitant increase in resource depletion and environmental pollution, i.e., economic growth and resource depletion can be decoupled to some degree over the short run but not the long run. Consequently, Herman Daly and others in the ecological economics community have advocated that long-term sustainability require the transition to a steady-state economy in which total GDP remains more or less constant (see above).

text: Since it is both theoretically and practically impossible to increase resource use efficiencies indefinitely, it is equally impossible to have continued and infinite economic growth without a concomitant increase in resource depletion and environmental pollution, i.e., economic growth and resource depletion can be decoupled to some degree over the short run but not the long run. Consequently,

text: Herman Daly

text: and others in the

text: ecological economics

text: community have advocated that long-term sustainability require the transition to a steady-state economy in which total GDP remains more or less constant (

entity_section: Herman Daly's concept of a steady-state economy

text: see above

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: resource use efficiencies indefinitely

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental pollution,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: increase in resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: infinite economic growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: environmental pollution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: theoretically and practically impossible to increase resource use efficiencies indefinitely,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increase in resource depletion and environmental pollution,

text: Pathways Schools are built in consonance with nature and attention has been given to collectively optimise consumption of resources. Simple but effective techniques like using cavity walls which act as natural thermal conditioners, placing windows on inner edge of extra-thick walls, rain water harvesting, equipping buildings with natural skylight, and other such energy conservation measures have helped the schools lower their energy consumption and promote sustainable development. Over half of the campus is dedicated to open spaces, playfields and plantations with trees of varied species and dense growth of bushes and vines in each school.

text: Pathways Schools are built in consonance with nature and attention has been given to collectively optimise consumption of resources. Simple but effective techniques like using

text: cavity wall

text: s which act as natural thermal conditioners, placing windows on inner edge of extra-thick walls,

text: rain water harvesting

text: , equipping buildings with natural skylight, and other such energy conservation measures have helped the schools lower their energy consumption and promote sustainable development. Over half of the campus is dedicated to open spaces, playfields and plantations with trees of varied species and dense growth of bushes and vines in each school.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Pathways Schools being built

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: lower their energy consumption and promote sustainable development.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: sustainable development.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Pathways Schools

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: rain water harvesting,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: bushes and vines

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rain water harvesting,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Pathways Schools

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

text: Criminals serving sentences are forced into providing labor for the state, in the form of participation in war as "volunteers", in order to regain their freedom. Overpopulation has become such an issue that the Panopticons have implemented a drastic measure: anyone arrested for any crime is found guilty, regardless of whether or not they actually are. Based on the philosophy that newborns waste resources, the very existence of a person is a crime; more than 100 million people serve as criminals throughout the world. Criminals are forced to battle giant monsters called "Abductors" as punishment. Defeating the Abductors, which are known to capture civilians, reduces the Criminals' sentences, which start at 1,000,000 years. Criminals are placed under constant surveillance and have their rights stripped; personal rights can only be gradually regained through labor. Surveillance of criminals occurs in the form of dual-purpose androids known as Accessories, which watch over criminals whilst serving as partners to them during combat.

text: Criminals serving sentences are forced into providing labor for the state, in the form of participation in war as "volunteers", in order to regain their freedom. Overpopulation has become such an issue that the Panopticons have implemented a drastic measure: anyone arrested for any crime is found guilty, regardless of whether or not they actually are. Based on the philosophy that newborns waste resources, the very existence of a person is a crime; more than 100 million people serve as criminals throughout the world. Criminals are forced to battle giant monsters called "Abductors" as punishment. Defeating the Abductors, which are known to capture civilians, reduces the Criminals' sentences, which start at 1,000,000 years. Criminals are placed under constant surveillance and have their rights stripped; personal rights can only be gradually regained through labor. Surveillance of criminals occurs in the form of dual-purpose androids known as Accessories, which watch over criminals whilst serving as partners to them during combat.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: newborns waste resources,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Criminals

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

text: Because of its effect on consumption, substitution bias can cause inflation to be over-estimated.

text: Because of its effect on

text: consumption

text: , substitution bias can cause

text: inflation

text: to be over-estimated.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: inflation being overestimated

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: inflation was over-estimated

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: substitution bias

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: inflation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Because of its effect on consumption,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: substitution bias can cause inflation to be over-estimated.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: substitution bias can cause inflation to be over-estimated.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: inflation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: inflation to be over-estimated.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: substitution bias

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: substitution bias

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: substitution bias

text: David Pimentel has stated that "With the imbalance growing between population numbers and vital life sustaining resources, humans must actively conserve cropland, freshwater, energy, and biological resources. There is a need to develop renewable energy resources. Humans everywhere must understand that rapid population growth damages the Earth's resources and diminishes human well-being."

text: David Pimentel

text: has stated that "With the imbalance growing between population numbers and vital life sustaining resources, humans must actively conserve cropland, freshwater, energy, and biological resources. There is a need to develop renewable energy resources. Humans everywhere must understand that rapid population growth damages the Earth's resources and diminishes human well-being."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewable energy resources

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Humans everywhere

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human well-being

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rapid population growth

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: rapid population growth

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewable energy resources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: rapid population growth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: everywhere

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: freshwater,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: rapid population growth damages the Earth's resources

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: cropland, freshwater, energy, and biological resources.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rapid population growth

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: life sustaining resources,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: rapid population growth

text: By the end of the 9th century the Scandinavians shifted their attention from plundering to invasion, mainly due to the overpopulation of Scandinavia in comparison to resources and arable land available there.

text: By the end of the 9th century the

text: Scandinavians

text: shifted their attention from plundering to

text: invasion

text: , mainly due to the overpopulation of

text: Scandinavia

text: in comparison to resources and arable land available there.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Scandinavia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation of Scandinavia in comparison to resources and arable land

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Scandinavia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: plundering to invasion,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation of Scandinavia

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: resources and arable land

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: According to a study by UN University, about 62 million hectares (20%) of the world's irrigated lands are affected, up from 45 million hectares in the early 1990s.  In the Indo-Gangetic Plain, home to over 10% of the world's population, crop yield losses for wheat, rice, sugarcane and cotton grown on salt-affected lands could be 40%, 45%, 48%, and 63%, respectively.

text: According to a study by UN University, about 62 million hectares (20%) of the world's irrigated lands are affected, up from 45 million hectares in the early 1990s.  In the

text: Indo-Gangetic Plain

text: , home to over 10% of the world's population, crop yield losses for

text: wheat

text: rice

text: sugarcane

text: and

text: cotton

text: grown on salt-affected lands could be 40%, 45%, 48%, and 63%, respectively.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Indo-Gangetic Plain

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: salt

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the Indo-Gangetic Plain

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: salt

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 62 million hectares

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 45 million hectares in the early 1990s.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Indo-Gangetic Plain,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 10%

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: salt-affected

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 62 million hectares

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: salt-affected

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 62 million hectares

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: crop yield losses

text: Over-investing typically occurs in assets that are partly investment goods and partially consumption goods. Houses and cars are investment goods in the sense that the purchaser expects to be able to resell the asset in the future. They are also consumption goods in the sense that the owner is able to use the asset while he owns it. It is because of this consumption component that people tend to over-invest. They are using criteria other than purely financial ones when deciding how much to invest into the asset. They are prepared to spend more on a house or car than it is worth on the open market because they derive benefits from using them. Because of the confusion between consuming and investing, they may over-invest or under-invest compared to what they would do if the investment were clear. Another major problem is that people spend more on consumption value (such as home rent) because they own the asset and mistakenly think that they are investing, when really they are consuming a house bigger than the one they would normally rent. Although they gain something from consuming more, since it is more than they would normally consume, they are wasting some money on something they would not normally buy, and thus in a sense over-investing by over-consuming.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over-investing

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Over-investing

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: over-investing

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-investing

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-investing by over-consuming

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Over-investing

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Over-investing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Over-investing

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Over-investing

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Over-investing

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Over-investing

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consuming.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption goods

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wasting some money on something they would not normally buy,

text: Proponents of deep ecology believe that the world does not exist as a resource to be freely exploited by humans. If material goods do not guarantee happiness beyond a very moderate level, and over-consumption is endangering the biosphere, defining a new non-consumptive paradigm of well-being seems primordial, such a paradigm would be non-acquisitive/non-consumerist and non-hierarchical in relation to our place on Earth. The ethics of deep ecology hold that the survival of any part is dependent upon the well-being of the whole. Proponents of deep ecology offer an eight-tier platform to elucidate their claims:

text: Proponents of deep ecology believe that the world does not exist as a

text: resource

text: to be freely

text: exploited

text: by humans. If material goods do not guarantee happiness beyond a very moderate level, and over-consumption is endangering the biosphere, defining a new non-consumptive paradigm of well-being seems primordial, such a paradigm would be non-acquisitive/non-consumerist and non-hierarchical in relation to our place on Earth. The ethics of deep ecology hold that the survival of any part is dependent upon the well-being of the whole. Proponents of deep ecology offer an eight-tier platform to elucidate their claims:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: deep ecology

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: endangering the biosphere

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over-consumption is endangering the biosphere,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: a very moderate level,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Proponents of deep ecology

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: over-consumption is endangering the biosphere,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over-consumption is endangering the biosphere,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: material goods do not guarantee happiness beyond a very moderate level,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: endangering the biosphere,

text: Energy consumption of seawater desalination has reached as low as 3 kWh/m, including pre-filtering and ancillaries, similar to the energy consumption of other fresh water supplies transported over large distances, but much higher than local fresh water supplies that use 0.2 kWh/m or less.

text: Energy consumption of seawater desalination has reached as low as 3 kWh/m, including pre-filtering and ancillaries, similar to the energy consumption of other fresh water supplies transported over large distances, but much higher than local fresh water supplies that use 0.2 kWh/m or less.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Energy consumption of seawater desalination

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Energy

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Energy consumption of seawater desalination

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Energy consumption of seawater desalination

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: fresh water

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Energy consumption of seawater desalination

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Energy consumption of seawater desalination

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Energy consumption of seawater desalination

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: much higher than local fresh water supplies

text: Land transformation, the use of land to yield goods and services, is the most substantial way humans alter the Earth's ecosystems, and is considered the driving force in the loss of biodiversity. Estimates of the amount of land transformed by humans vary from 39 to 50%. Land degradation, the long-term decline in ecosystem function and productivity, is estimated to be occurring on 24% of land worldwide, with cropland overrepresented. The UN-FAO report cites land management as the driving factor behind degradation and reports that 1.5 billion people rely upon the degrading land. Degradation can be deforestation, desertification, soil erosion, mineral depletion, or chemical degradation (acidification and salinization).

text: Land transformation, the use of land to yield goods and services, is the most substantial way humans alter the Earth's ecosystems, and is considered the driving force in the loss of biodiversity. Estimates of the amount of land transformed by humans vary from 39 to 50%. Land degradation, the long-term decline in ecosystem function and productivity, is estimated to be occurring on 24% of land worldwide, with cropland overrepresented. The UN-FAO report cites land management as the driving factor behind degradation and reports that 1.5 billion people rely upon the degrading land. Degradation can be deforestation,

text: desertification

text: soil erosion

text: , mineral depletion, or chemical degradation (

text: acidification

text: and

text: salinization

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: loss of biodiversity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: worldwide

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Degradation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Land degradation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: chemical degradation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: loss of biodiversity.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 39 to 50%.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Land transformation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Land degradation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Land degradation,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Land degradation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Land transformation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Land transformation,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: cropland

text: The school was built in 2002 in order to address the overpopulation at what was then the district's only high school, now known as Council Rock High School North. South currently serves grades 9-12 and houses over 2000 students.

text: The school was built in 2002 in order to address the overpopulation at what was then the district's only high school, now known as

text: Council Rock High School North

text: . South currently serves grades 9-12 and houses over 2000 students.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are available

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The school was built in 2002 in order to address the overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Council Rock High School North.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Council Rock High School North.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Intake Fraction = Mass of Pollutant Intake (summed over all exposed individuals) / Mass of Pollutant Emitted

text: Intake Fraction = Mass of Pollutant Intake (summed over all exposed individuals) / Mass of Pollutant Emitted

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: mass of pollutant intake

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the percentage of people that live in abject poverty is decreasing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Mass of Pollutant Intake (summed over all exposed individuals)/Mass of Pollutant Emitted

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Intake Fraction

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: mass of pollutant intake increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Intake Fraction

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Intake Fraction

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: mass of pollutant intake

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Intake Fraction

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Intake Fraction

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Intake Fraction

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Intake Fraction

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Pollutant Emitted

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Intake Fraction

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Intake Fraction = Mass of Pollutant Intake

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Intake Fraction

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Intake Fraction

text: In capitalist economies, however, available resources are not fully used. In times of depression, many people want to work but can't find employment. It supposes that the scarce resources are not fully utilized in a capitalist economy.

text: In capitalist economies, however, available resources are not fully used. In times of depression, many people want to work but can't find employment. It supposes that the scarce resources are not fully utilized in a capitalist economy.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no answer

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: available resources are not fully utilized

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a lack of resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: depression, many people want to work but can't find employment.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In capitalist economies,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: capitalist economies,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In capitalist economies,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: many people want to work but can't find employment.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: available resources are not fully used.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: the scarce resources are not fully utilized in a capitalist economy.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: In capitalist economies,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: available resources are not fully used.

text: The traditional use of reserves is as savings for potential times of crises, especially balance of payments crises. As we will see below, originally those fears were related to the current account, but this gradually changed to include financial account needs as well. Originally, the creation of the IMF was viewed as a response to the need of countries to accumulate reserves. If a specific country is suffering from a balance of payments crisis, it would be able to borrow from the IMF, as this would be a pool of resources, and so the need to accumulate reserves would be lowered. However, the process of obtaining resources from the Fund is not automatic, which can cause problematic delays especially when markets are stressed. Hence, the fund never fulfilled completely its role, serving more as provider of resources for longer term adjustments. Another caveat of the project is the fact that when the crisis is generalized, the resources of the IMF could prove insufficient. After the 2008 crisis, the members of the Fund had to approve a capital increase, since its resources were strained. Some critics point out that the increase in reserves in Asian countries after the 1997 Asia crisis was a consequence of disappointment of the countries of the region with the IMF. During the 2008 crisis, the Federal Reserve instituted currency swap lines with several countries, alleviating liquidity pressures in dollars, thus reducing the need to use reserves.

text: The traditional use of reserves is as

text: savings

text: Federal Reserve

text: instituted

text: currency swap

text: lines with several countries, alleviating liquidity pressures in dollars, thus reducing the need to use reserves.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the need to accumulate reserves would be lowered.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The traditional use of reserves is as savings for potential times of crises,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Asian countries

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The traditional use of reserves is as savings for potential times of crises,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The traditional use of reserves is as savings for potential times of crises,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increase in reserves in Asian countries

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: markets are stressed.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The traditional use of reserves is as savings for potential times of crises,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The traditional use of reserves is as savings for potential times of crises,

text: The most obvious solution to the issue of overconsumption is to simply slow the rate at which materials are becoming depleted. Less consumption naturally has negative effects on economies - so instead, countries must look to curb consumption rates while allowing for new industries, such as renewable energy and recycling technologies, to flourish and deflect some of the economic burden. A fundamental shift in the global economy may be necessary in order to account for the current change that is taking place or that will need to take place. Movements and lifestyle choices related to stopping overconsumption include: anti-consumerism, freeganism, green economics, ecological economics, degrowth, frugality, downshifting, simple living, minimalism, and thrifting.

text: The most obvious solution to the issue of overconsumption is to simply slow the rate at which materials are becoming

text: depleted

text: . Less consumption naturally has negative effects on economies - so instead, countries must look to curb consumption rates while allowing for new industries, such as

text: renewable energy

text: and

text: recycling

text: technologies, to flourish and deflect some of the economic burden. A fundamental shift in the global economy may be necessary in order to account for the current change that is taking place or that will need to take place. Movements and lifestyle choices related to stopping overconsumption include:

text: anti-consumerism

text: freeganism

text: green economics

text: ecological economics

text: degrowth

text: frugality

text: downshifting

text: simple living

text: minimalism

text: , and thrifting.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the rate at which materials are becoming depleted

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: new industries, such as renewable energy and recycling technologies,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: renewable energy and recycling technologies,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: anti-consumerism, freeganism, green economics,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: renewable energy

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The most obvious solution to the issue of overconsumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: materials are becoming depleted.

text: be consumption in period , and assume consumption yields utility

text: be consumption in period , and assume consumption yields

text: utility

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption that yields utility

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: it is decreasing

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: consumption in period

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption yields utility

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evaporation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: iii.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption yields utility

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: consumption yields utility

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: consumption in period,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: consumption yields utility

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: consumption in period, and assume consumption yields utility

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption in period, and assume consumption yields utility

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: consumption yields utility

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption in period, and assume consumption yields utility

text: Some of the environmental issues that are of interest to environmental organizations are pollution, waste, resource depletion, human overpopulation and climate change.

text: Some of the

text: environmental issue

text: s that are of interest to environmental organizations are

text: pollution

text: waste

text: resource depletion

text: human overpopulation

text: and

text: climate change

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: human overpopulation and climate change.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: human overpopulation and climate change.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Some of the environmental issues that are of interest to environmental organizations

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

text: It remains possible that the correlation is due to a third factor: people who lead unhealthy lifestyles might consume more soft drinks. If so, then the association between soft drink consumption and weight gain could reflect the consequences of an unhealthy lifestyle rather than the consequences of consuming soft drinks. Experimental evidence is needed to definitively establish the causal role of soft drink consumption. Reviews of the experimental evidence suggest that soft drink consumption does cause weight gain, but the effect is often small except for overweight individuals.

text: It remains possible that the correlation is due to a third factor: people who lead unhealthy lifestyles might consume more soft drinks. If so, then the association between soft drink consumption and weight gain could reflect the consequences of an unhealthy lifestyle rather than the consequences of consuming soft drinks. Experimental evidence is needed to definitively establish the causal role of soft drink consumption. Reviews of the experimental evidence suggest that soft drink consumption does cause weight gain, but the effect is often small except for overweight individuals.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unhealthy lifestyle

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: people who lead unhealthy lifestyles might consume more soft drinks.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: It remains possible that the correlation is due to a third factor:

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: people who lead unhealthy lifestyles

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: people who lead unhealthy lifestyles might consume more soft drinks.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: weight gain

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: It remains possible that the correlation is due to a third factor:

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: people who lead unhealthy lifestyles might consume more soft drinks.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: soft drinks.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: people who lead unhealthy lifestyles

text: In resource economics, Hartwick's rule defines the amount of investment in produced capital (buildings, roads, knowledge stocks, etc.) that is needed to exactly offset declining stocks of non-renewable resources.  This investment is undertaken so that the standard of living does not fall as society moves into the indefinite future. Solow (1974) shows that, given a degree of substitutability between produced capital and natural resources, one way to design a sustainable consumption program for an economy is to accumulate produced capital sufficiently rapidly so that the pinch from the shrinking exhaustible resource stock is precisely countered by the services from the enlarged produced capital stock.   Hartwick's rule – often abbreviated as "invest resource rents" - requires that a nation invest all rent earned from exhaustible resources currently extracted, where "rent" is defined along paths that maximize returns to owners of the resource stock. The rule extends to the case of many types of capital goods, including a vector of stocks of natural capital.

text: In

text: resource economics

text: , Hartwick's rule defines the amount of

text: investment

text: in produced

text: capital

text: (buildings, roads, knowledge stocks, etc.) that is needed to exactly offset declining stocks of

text: non-renewable resources

text: .  This investment is undertaken so that the standard of living does not fall as society moves into the indefinite future.

text: Solow

text: (1974) shows that, given a degree of substitutability between produced capital and natural resources, one way to design a sustainable consumption program for an economy is to accumulate produced capital sufficiently rapidly so that the pinch from the shrinking exhaustible resource stock is precisely countered by the services from the enlarged produced capital stock.   Hartwick's rule – often abbreviated as "invest resource rents" - requires that a nation invest all rent earned from exhaustible resources currently extracted, where "rent" is defined along paths that maximize returns to owners of the resource stock. The rule extends to the case of many types of capital goods, including a vector of stocks of

text: natural capital

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Hartwick's rule

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the pinch from the shrinking exhaustible resource stock

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: accumulating produced capital sufficiently rapidly

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: standard of living does not fall

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: the standard of living does not fall as society moves into the indefinite future.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: declining stocks of non-renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In resource economics,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: declining stocks of non-renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: enlarged produced capital stock.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: declining stocks of non-renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Hartwick's rule defines the amount of investment in produced capital

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: sustainable consumption

text: The figure (right) examines sustainability at the scale of individual countries by contrasting their Ecological Footprint with their UN Human Development Index (a measure of standard of living). The graph shows what is necessary for countries to maintain an acceptable standard of living for their citizens while, at the same time, maintaining sustainable resource use. The general trend is for higher standards of living to become less sustainable. As always, population growth has a marked influence on levels of consumption and the efficiency of resource use. The sustainability goal is to raise the global standard of living without increasing the use of resources beyond globally sustainable levels; that is, to not exceed "one planet" consumption. Information generated by reports at the national, regional and city scales confirm the global trend towards societies that are becoming less sustainable over time.

text: The figure (right) examines sustainability at the scale of individual countries by contrasting their Ecological Footprint with their UN

text: Human Development Index

text: (a measure of standard of living). The graph shows what is necessary for countries to maintain an acceptable standard of living for their citizens while, at the same time, maintaining sustainable resource use. The general trend is for higher standards of living to become less sustainable. As always,

text: population growth

text: has a marked influence on levels of consumption and the efficiency of resource use. The sustainability goal is to raise the global standard of living without increasing the use of resources beyond globally sustainable levels; that is, to not exceed "one planet" consumption. Information generated by reports at the national, regional and city scales confirm the global trend towards societies that are becoming less sustainable over time.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher standards of living to become less sustainable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Ecological Footprint

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "one planet" consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: higher standards of living to become less sustainable.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: city

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: UN Human Development Index

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Ecological Footprint

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: UN Human Development Index

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "one planet" consumption.

text: The original edition of The Population Bomb began with this statement: "The battle to feed all of humanity is over. In the 1970s hundreds of millions of people will starve to death in spite of any crash programs embarked upon now. At this late date nothing can prevent a substantial increase in the world death rate ..." Ehrlich argued that the human population was too high, and that while the level of disaster could be mitigated, humanity could not prevent severe famines, the spread of disease, social unrest, and other negative consequences of overpopulation. By the end of the 1970s, this prediction proved to be incorrect. However, he continued to argue that societies must take strong action to curb population growth in order to mitigate future disasters, both ecological and social.

text: The original edition of The Population Bomb began with this statement: "The battle to feed all of humanity is over. In the 1970s hundreds of millions of people will starve to death in spite of any crash programs embarked upon now. At this late date nothing can prevent a substantial increase in the world death rate ..." Ehrlich argued that the human population was too high, and that while the level of disaster could be mitigated, humanity could not prevent severe famines, the spread of disease, social unrest, and other negative consequences of overpopulation. By the end of the 1970s, this prediction proved to be incorrect. However, he continued to argue that societies must take strong action to curb population growth in order to mitigate future disasters, both ecological and social.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the 1970s

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: global death rate

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the battle to feed all of humanity is over

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: famines,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: world death rate..."

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: famines,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: humanity could not prevent severe famines,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: famines,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: "The battle to feed all of humanity

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: humanity could not prevent severe famines,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: negative consequences of overpopulation.

text: Pollution is another crucial influencer on the threatening of animal life, and human life, across the world. Every form of pollution has an effect on wildlife, whether it be through the air, water, or ground. While sometimes the origin and form of pollution is visible and easy to determine, other times it can be a mystery as to what exactly is causing the death of animals. Through constant and consistent observation of habitat analysis, humans can help prevent the loss of animal life by recognizing the early signs of pollution before the problem becomes too large.

text: Pollution

text: is another crucial influencer on the threatening of animal life, and human life, across the world. Every form of pollution has an effect on wildlife, whether it be through the air, water, or ground. While sometimes the origin and form of pollution is visible and easy to determine, other times it can be a mystery as to what exactly is causing the death of animals. Through constant and consistent observation of habitat analysis, humans can help prevent the loss of animal life by recognizing the early signs of pollution before the problem becomes too large.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human life

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human life,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Pollution

text: Numbers of people are not the only factor.  Waste and over-consumption, especially by wealthy people and nations, is putting more strain on the environment than overpopulation.

text: Numbers of people are not the only factor.

text: Waste

text: and

text: over-consumption

text: , especially by wealthy people and nations, is putting more strain on the environment than

text: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: waste

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Waste and over-consumption,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Numbers of people are not the only factor.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Waste and over-consumption,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Waste and over-consumption,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Waste and over-consumption,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Waste

text: "Neo-Malthusianism" may be used as a label for those who are concerned that overpopulation may increase resource depletion or environmental degradation to a degree that is not sustainable with the potential of ecological collapse or other hazards. The term is also often immediately connected with eugenics.

text: "Neo-Malthusianism" may be used as a label for those who are concerned that

text: overpopulation

text: may increase

text: resource depletion

text: or

text: environmental degradation

text: to a degree that is not

text: sustainable

text: with the potential of

text: ecological collapse

text: or other

text: hazards

text: . The term is also often immediately connected with

text: eugenics

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: resource depletion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: ecological collapse

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: "Neo-Malthusianism"

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: "Neo-Malthusianism"

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "Neo-Malthusianism"

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: "Neo-Malthusianism"

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation may increase resource depletion or environmental degradation

text: There is also the question as to whether having children really is such a positive contribution to the world in an age when there are many concerns about overpopulation, pollution and depletion of non-renewable resources. Some critics counter that such analyses of having children may understate its potential benefits to society (e.g. a greater labor force, which may provide greater opportunity to solve social problems) and overstate the costs. That is, there is often a need for a non-zero birth rate.

text: There is also the question as to whether having children really is such a positive contribution to the world in an age when there are many concerns about

text: overpopulation

text: pollution

text: and depletion of

text: non-renewable resources

text: . Some critics counter that such analyses of having children may understate its potential benefits to society (e.g. a greater labor force, which may provide greater opportunity to solve social problems) and overstate the costs. That is, there is often a need for a non-zero

text: birth rate

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution and depletion of non-renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pollution and depletion of non-renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: depletion of non-renewable resources.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: The OECD estimates that with the world nuclear electricity generating rates of 2002, with LWR, once-through fuel cycle, there are enough conventional resources to last 85 years using known resources and 270 years using known and as yet undiscovered resources.  With breeders, this is extended to 8,500 years.

text: The OECD estimates that with the world nuclear electricity generating rates of 2002, with LWR, once-through fuel cycle, there are enough conventional resources to last 85 years using known resources and 270 years using known and as yet undiscovered resources.  With breeders, this is extended to 8,500 years.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 270 years

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: OECD

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: world nuclear electricity generating rates

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The OECD

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: OECD

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The OECD

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The OECD estimates that with the world nuclear electricity generating rates

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: breeders,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: nuclear electricity generating rates

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The OECD

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The OECD estimates that with the world nuclear electricity generating rates

text: No single issue can be isolated. For example, habitat loss and climate change adversely affect biodiversity. Deforestation and pollution are direct consequences of overpopulation and both, in turn, affect biodiversity. While overpopulation locally leads to rural flight, this is more than counterbalanced by accelerating urbanization and urban sprawl.

text: No single issue can be isolated. For example, habitat loss and climate change adversely affect biodiversity. Deforestation and pollution are direct consequences of overpopulation and both, in turn, affect biodiversity. While overpopulation locally leads to

text: rural flight

text: , this is more than counterbalanced by accelerating urbanization and urban sprawl.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: rural flight

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: biodiversity.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: accelerating urbanization

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: rural flight,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Deforestation and pollution are direct consequences of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Deforestation and pollution are direct consequences of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: No single issue can be isolated. For example, habitat loss and climate change

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Deforestation and pollution are direct consequences of overpopulation

text: Losses across Odisha amounted to 42.4 billion rupees (US$688 million). Phailin damaged crops over 500,000 hectares of agricultural land throughout the state. In the state, the normal power consumption is around 2,800MW but due to the power cut, it had come down to 1,300MW.

text: Losses across Odisha amounted to 42.4 billion

text: rupees

text: (US$688 million). Phailin damaged crops over 500,000 hectares of agricultural land throughout the state. In the state, the normal power consumption is around 2,800MW but due to the power cut, it had come down to 1,300MW.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Odisha

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Phailin

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: normal power consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Phailin damaged crops over 500,000 hectares of agricultural land

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: (US$688 million).

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Odisha

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: (US$688 million).

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Losses

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 500,000 hectares of agricultural land

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Phailin

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Phailin damaged crops over 500,000 hectares of agricultural land

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: normal power consumption

text: Suppose the consumer's consumption set, or the enumeration of all possible consumption bundles that could be selected if there were no budget constraint, has L commodities and is limited to positive amounts of consumption of each commodity. Let x be the vector x={x;i=1,...L} containing the amounts of each commodity; then

text: Suppose the consumer's

text: consumption set

text: , or the enumeration of all possible consumption bundles that could be selected if there were no budget constraint, has L commodities and is limited to positive amounts of consumption of each commodity. Let x be the vector x={x;i=1,...L} containing the amounts of each commodity; then

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in carbon dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: x=x;i=1

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: L

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: x=x;i=1

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: x is limited to positive amounts of consumption of each commodity

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unbalanced consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: x= x;i=1,...L containing the amounts of each commodity; then

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: budget constraint,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: L

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: x;i=1,...L

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: L

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: L commodities

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: L

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: budget constraint,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: L commodities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: budget constraint,

text: The stumpage fee can also be deemed as a kind of natural resources consumption tax.

text: The

text: stumpage

text: fee can also be deemed as a kind of natural resources consumption tax.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: natural resources consumption tax

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: rural areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption that is not necessary

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: natural resources consumption tax.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The stumpage fee

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The stumpage fee

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The stumpage fee

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: stumpage fee

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The stumpage fee

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: natural resources consumption tax.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The stumpage fee

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: natural resources consumption tax.

text: Much of the book deals with the consequences of different regions receiving technological revolutions in different orders. (pp22–23)

text: Much of the book deals with the consequences of different regions receiving technological revolutions in different orders. (pp22–23)

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: technological revolutions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the book deals with the consequences

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: technological revolutions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: technological revolutions

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: technological revolutions in different orders.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: technological revolutions in different orders. (pp22–23)

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: different orders.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: (pp22–23)

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: technological revolutions in different orders. (pp22–23)

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: technological revolutions in different orders.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: technological revolutions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Much of the book deals with the consequences of different regions receiving technological revolutions

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consequences of different regions receiving technological revolutions in different orders.

text: In recognition of the increasing importance of global resource use mediated by international trade for environmental accounting and policy, new perspectives have been and are currently being developed within environmental accounting. The most prominent among these are consumption-based accounts compiled using environmentally extended input-output analysis. Consumption-based indicators of material use are commonly referred to as “material footprints” (comparable to carbon footprints and water footprints) or as raw material equivalents (RME) for imported and exported goods. Raw material equivalents or material footprints of traded goods comprise the material inputs required along the entire supply chain associated with their production. This includes both direct and indirect flows: For example, the ore mined to extract the metal contained in a mobile phone as well as the coal needed to generate the electricity needed to produce the metal concentrates would be included. In order to allocate domestic extraction to exported goods, information on the production and trade structure of an economy is required. In monetary terms, information on the production structure is contained in commonly available economy-wide input-output tables (IOT) which recently have been combined with trade statistics to form multi-regional IO (MRIO) tables.

text: In recognition of the increasing importance of global resource use mediated by international trade for environmental accounting and policy, new perspectives have been and are currently being developed within environmental accounting. The most prominent among these are consumption-based accounts compiled using environmentally extended input-output analysis. Consumption-based indicators of material use are commonly referred to as “material footprints” (comparable to

text: carbon footprint

text: s and

text: water footprint

text: s) or as raw material equivalents (RME) for imported and exported goods. Raw material equivalents or material footprints of traded goods comprise the material inputs required along the entire supply chain associated with their production. This includes both direct and indirect flows: For example, the ore mined to extract the metal contained in a mobile phone as well as the coal needed to generate the electricity needed to produce the metal concentrates would be included. In order to allocate domestic extraction to exported goods, information on the production and trade structure of an economy is required. In monetary terms, information on the production structure is contained in commonly available economy-wide

text: input-output tables

text: (IOT) which recently have been combined with trade statistics to form multi-regional IO (MRIO) tables.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global resource use mediated by international trade

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global resource use

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: material use

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: new perspectives have been and are currently being developed within environmental accounting.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasing importance of global resource use mediated by international trade

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: multi-regional

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: “material footprints”

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: new perspectives have been and are currently being developed within environmental accounting.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: global resource use mediated by international trade

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: “material footprints”

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: material use

text: Weight loss effects of water have been subject to some scientific research. Drinking water prior to each meal may help in appetite suppression. Consumption of 500 mL (approximately 17 fl oz) of water 30 minutes before meals has been correlated with modest weight loss (1–2 kg) in obese men and women over a period of 8 to 12 weeks.

text: Weight loss effects of water

text: have been subject to some scientific research. Drinking water prior to each meal may help in appetite suppression. Consumption of 500 mL (approximately 17 fl oz) of water 30 minutes before meals has been correlated with modest weight loss (1–2 kg) in obese men and women over a period of 8 to 12 weeks.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: weight loss

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: weight loss

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Weight loss effects of water have been subject to some scientific research.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Weight loss effects of water have been subject to some scientific research.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Weight loss effects of water have been subject to some scientific research.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Weight loss effects of water

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Weight loss effects of water

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Weight loss effects of water

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Weight loss effects of water

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: obese

text: Saving one gallon of gasoline per 100 miles saves 20 pounds of carbon dioxide, which is approximately one ton of carbon dioxide every 10,000 miles of driving.  An improvement from 14 MPG to 25 MPG saves 3 gallons of gas per 100 miles, or 3 tons of carbon dioxide in 10,000 miles of driving. The replacement of older vehicles also reduces other non-greenhouse pollutants. "Gas consumption" calculators that translate "miles per gallon" to a measure of "gallons per mile" can help car buyers see the gas savings from their trade ins.

text: Saving one gallon of gasoline per 100 miles saves 20 pounds of carbon dioxide, which is approximately one ton of carbon dioxide every 10,000 miles of driving.  An improvement from 14 MPG to 25 MPG saves 3 gallons of gas per 100 miles, or 3 tons of carbon dioxide in 10,000 miles of driving. The replacement of older vehicles also reduces other non-greenhouse pollutants. "Gas consumption" calculators that translate "miles per gallon" to a measure of "

text: gallons per mile

text: " can help car buyers see the gas savings from their trade ins.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: gas consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The replacement of older vehicles also reduces other non-greenhouse pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The replacement of older vehicles also reduces other non-greenhouse pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Saving one gallon of gasoline per 100 miles

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Saving one gallon of gasoline per 100 miles

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: non-greenhouse pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The replacement of older vehicles also reduces other non-greenhouse pollutants.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Saving one gallon of gasoline per 100 miles

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: gasoline

text: A 2012 study stated that pollution had little effect on economic growth which in China's case was largely dependent on physical capital expansion and increased energy consumption due to the dependency on manufacturing and heavy industries. China was predicted to continue to grow using energy-inefficient and polluting industries. While growth may continue, the rewards of this growth may be opposed by the harm from the pollution unless environmental protection is increased.

text: A 2012 study stated that pollution had little effect on economic growth which in China's case was largely dependent on

text: physical capital

text: expansion and increased energy consumption due to the dependency on manufacturing and heavy industries. China was predicted to continue to grow using energy-inefficient and polluting industries. While growth may continue, the rewards of this growth may be opposed by the harm from the pollution unless environmental protection is increased.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental protection is increased.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: pollution had little effect on economic growth

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pollution had little effect on economic growth

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: economic growth

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: pollution had little effect on economic growth

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increased energy consumption

text: Any combination of these three primary hybrid advantages may be used in different vehicles to realize different fuel usage, power, emissions, weight and cost profiles. The ICE in an HEV can be smaller, lighter, and more efficient than the one in a conventional vehicle, because the combustion engine can be sized for slightly above average power demand rather than peak power demand. The drive system in a vehicle is required to operate over a range of speed and power, but an ICE's highest efficiency is in a narrow range of operation, making conventional vehicles inefficient. On the contrary, in most HEV designs, the ICE operates closer to its range of highest efficiency more frequently. The power curve of electric motors is better suited to variable speeds and can provide substantially greater torque at low speeds compared with internal-combustion engines. The greater fuel economy of HEVs has implication for reduced petroleum consumption and vehicle air pollution emissions worldwide

text: Any combination of these three primary hybrid advantages may be used in different vehicles to realize different fuel usage, power, emissions, weight and cost profiles. The

text: ICE

text: in an HEV can be smaller, lighter, and more efficient than the one in a conventional vehicle, because the combustion engine can be sized for slightly above average power demand rather than peak power demand. The drive system in a vehicle is required to operate over a range of speed and power, but an

text: ICE

text: 's highest efficiency is in a narrow range of operation, making conventional vehicles inefficient. On the contrary, in most HEV designs, the

text: ICE

text: operates closer to its range of highest efficiency more frequently. The power curve of electric motors is better suited to variable speeds and can provide substantially greater torque at low speeds compared with internal-combustion engines. The greater

text: fuel economy

text: of HEVs has implication for reduced petroleum consumption and

text: vehicle air pollution emissions

text: worldwide

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reduced petroleum consumption and vehicle air pollution emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: worldwide

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: vehicle air pollution emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: vehicle air pollution emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: petroleum consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: reduced petroleum consumption and vehicle air pollution emissions worldwide

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: reduced petroleum consumption and vehicle air pollution emissions worldwide

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The ICE in an HEV

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The ICE in an HEV

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution emissions

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: petroleum consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution emissions

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The ICE in an HEV

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: petroleum consumption

text: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. According to a study by National Institutes of Health, chromium and lead levels are high in almost all ground water sources, however extremely high concentrations were found in industrial areas. Presence of any one of the heavy metal contamination necessitate the need for the estimation of other heavy metals as significant positive correlation was found between chromium and lead concentration, indicating the possibility of similar contamination sources in Karachi.

text: Pollution is the introduction of

text: contaminant

text: s into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of

text: chemical substance

text: s or

text: energy

text: , such as noise, heat or light.

text: Pollutant

text: s, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as

text: point source

text: or

text: nonpoint source pollution

text: . According to a study by

text: National Institutes of Health

text: chromium

text: and

text: lead

text: levels are high in almost all ground water sources, however extremely high concentrations were found in industrial areas. Presence of any one of the heavy metal contamination necessitate the need for the estimation of other heavy metals as significant positive correlation was found between chromium and lead concentration, indicating the possibility of similar contamination sources in

text: Karachi

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Karachi

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Karachi.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Pollution

text: Water resources are used for a number of purposes, including hydroelectricity generation, irrigation, and municipal water supply. Approximately 2% of New Zealand's freshwater resource is allocated for consumptive use.

text: Water resources are used for a number of purposes, including hydroelectricity generation, irrigation, and municipal water supply. Approximately 2% of New Zealand's freshwater resource is allocated for consumptive use.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: hydroelectricity generation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: New Zealand

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumptive use

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: hydroelectricity generation, irrigation, and municipal water supply.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Approximately 2% of New Zealand's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 2%

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Water resources

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Water resources

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Water resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 2%

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 2%

text: The increasing Haitian population also contributes to the degradation of the environment. Haiti can be characterized as a low-income, high-density nation. As of 2012, the Haiti's population count was at 10.6 million. The UN estimates that 52% of the population lived in urban areas in 2011, with an annual 3.9% annual increase in population in urban areas. Low-income individuals are largely concentrated in urban areas, especially Port-Au-Prince, and are subject to poor environmental quality, human health, and quality of life. Port-Au-Prince’s urban environmental quality is further reduced by its poor infrastructure, lack of government management, and its subjectivity to natural disasters, as a result of being located on the coast. As the population of urban areas in Haiti grows it is hard to update the already poor infrastructure to meet the needs of so many people. When an abundance of people doesn’t have an adequate waste management system, it can have devastating effects on the environment through air and water pollution. Studies show that more than 60% of Haitians live in low environmental quality urban areas near the coast, such as Port-Au-Prince. Environmental quality can be measured by assessing the domestic environment, public environment, physical environment and atmosphere. The areas with the lowest environmental quality have the highest population density, and are subject to pollution and an array of natural hazards,which can destroy natural resources and cause environmental degradation. These individuals face a situation of environmental injustice. In rural areas, overpopulation causes over-cultivation of land and therefore soil erosion, as nutrients are quickly depleted from the soil. Although many Haitian farmers are aware of the effects of their practices on the soil, they are often reluctant to change their practices because political and economic factors, such as insecure property rights and high prices of capital, prohibit them from adopting proper technologies.

text: The increasing Haitian population also contributes to the degradation of the environment. Haiti can be characterized as a low-income, high-density nation. As of 2012, the Haiti's population count was at 10.6 million. The UN estimates that 52% of the population lived in urban areas in 2011, with an annual 3.9% annual increase in population in urban areas. Low-income individuals are largely concentrated in urban areas, especially

text: Port-Au-Prince

text: , and are subject to poor environmental quality, human health, and quality of life. Port-Au-Prince’s urban environmental quality is further reduced by its poor infrastructure, lack of government management, and its subjectivity to natural disasters, as a result of being located on the coast. As the population of urban areas in Haiti grows it is hard to update the already poor infrastructure to meet the needs of so many people. When an abundance of people doesn’t have an adequate waste management system, it can have devastating effects on the environment through air and water pollution. Studies show that more than 60% of Haitians live in low environmental quality urban areas near the coast, such as Port-Au-Prince. Environmental quality can be measured by assessing the domestic environment, public environment, physical environment and atmosphere. The areas with the lowest environmental quality have the highest population density, and are subject to pollution and an array of natural hazards,which can destroy natural resources and cause environmental degradation. These individuals face a situation of

text: environmental injustice

text: . In rural areas, overpopulation causes over-cultivation of land and therefore soil erosion, as nutrients are quickly depleted from the soil. Although many Haitian farmers are aware of the effects of their practices on the soil, they are often reluctant to change their practices because political and economic factors, such as insecure property rights and high prices of capital, prohibit them from adopting proper technologies.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air and water

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over-cultivation of land

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air and water pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities in Haiti?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-cultivation of land

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: u-Prince.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Environmental quality

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Port-Au-Prince,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: over-cultivation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air and water pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation causes over-cultivation of land and therefore soil erosion,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: over-cultivation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-cultivation of land

text: Resources are a key source of conflict between nations: “after the end of the Cold War in particular, many have suggested that environmental degradation will exacerbate scarcities and become an additional source of armed conflict.”  A nation’s survival depends on resources from the environment. Resources that are a source of armed conflict include territory, strategic raw materials, sources of energy, water, and food. In order to maintain resource stability, chemical and nuclear warfare have been used by nations in order to protect or extract resources, and during conflict. These agents of war have been used frequently: “about 125,000 tons of chemical agent were employed during World War I, and about 96,000 tons during the Viet-Nam conflict.” Nerve gas, also known as organophosphorous anticholinesterases, was used at lethal levels against human beings and destroyed a high number of nonhuman vertebrate and invertebrate populations. However, contaminated vegetation would mostly be spared, and would only pose a threat to herbivores. The result of innovations in chemical warfare led to a broad range of different chemicals for war and domestic use, but also resulted in unforeseen environmental damage.

text: Resources

text: are a key source of

text: conflict

text: between

text: nations

text: : “after the end of the

text: Cold War

text: in particular, many have suggested that environmental degradation will exacerbate scarcities and become an additional source of armed conflict.”  A nation’s survival depends on resources from the environment. Resources that are a source of armed conflict include territory, strategic raw materials, sources of energy, water, and food. In order to maintain resource stability, chemical and nuclear warfare have been used by nations in order to protect or extract resources, and during conflict. These agents of war have been used frequently: “about 125,000 tons of

text: chemical agent

text: were employed during World War I, and about 96,000 tons during the Viet-Nam conflict.”

text: Nerve gas

text: , also known as organophosphorous anticholinesterases, was used at lethal levels against human beings and destroyed a high number of nonhuman

text: vertebrate

text: and

text: invertebrate

text: populations. However, contaminated vegetation would mostly be spared, and would only pose a threat to herbivores. The result of innovations in chemical warfare led to a broad range of different chemicals for war and domestic use, but also resulted in unforeseen environmental damage.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a broad range of different chemicals

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: How many tons of chemical agent were employed during World War I, and about 96,000 tons during the Viet Nam conflict?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: chemical warfare

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Which of the following is not a source of armed conflict

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: What is a key source of conflict between nations

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unforeseen environmental damage.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: “after the end of the Cold War

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: “after the end of the Cold War

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: “after the end of the Cold War

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: food.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: environmental degradation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: environmental damage.

text: Using gas-to-liquids processes, refineries can convert some of their gaseous waste products (flare gas) into valuable fuel oils, which can be sold as is or blended only with diesel fuel. The World Bank estimates that over  of natural gas are flared or vented annually, an amount worth approximately $30.6 billion, equivalent to 25% of the United States' gas consumption or 30% of the European Union's annual gas consumption, a resource that could be useful using GTL.  Gas-to-liquids processes may also be used for the economic extraction of gas deposits in locations where it is not economical to build a pipeline. This process will be increasingly significant as crude oil resources are depleted.

text: Using gas-to-liquids processes, refineries can convert some of their gaseous waste products (

text: flare gas

text: ) into valuable

text: fuel oil

text: s, which can be sold as is or blended only with

text: diesel fuel

text: . The

text: World Bank

text: estimates that over  of natural gas are

text: flared

text: or vented annually, an amount worth approximately $30.6 billion, equivalent to 25% of the United States' gas consumption or 30% of the European Union's annual gas consumption, a resource that could be useful using GTL.  Gas-to-liquids processes may also be used for the economic extraction of gas deposits in locations where it is not economical to build a pipeline. This process will be increasingly significant as

text: crude oil

text: resources are

text: depleted

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the European Union

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: gaseous waste products

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: valuable fuel oils,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: World Bank

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: European Union's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: $30.6 billion,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: (flare gas)

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The World Bank estimates that over of natural gas are flared or vented

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: crude oil resources are depleted.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Using gas-to-liquids

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 25% of the United States' gas consumption

text: Excessive alcohol consumption will increase blood pressure over time. Alcohol also contains a high density of calories and may contribute to obesity.

text: Excessive alcohol consumption will increase blood pressure over time. Alcohol also contains a high density of calories and may contribute to obesity.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no anwer

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: excessive alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no answe

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: alcohol consumption will increase blood pressure

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Excessive alcohol consumption will increase blood pressure over time.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Excessive alcohol

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Excessive alcohol consumption will increase blood pressure

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: blood pressure

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Excessive alcohol consumption will increase blood pressure

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Excessive alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Excessive alcohol consumption will increase blood pressure over time. Alcohol

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol consumption

text: Another intervention designed to reduce drinking amongst student athletes had similar results, reducing misperceptions of alcohol consumption. Also, within the time period of the intervention, there were declines in personal consumption, high risk drinking, and alcohol-related consequences.  When critiquing this study, one should ask how many dependent variables were assessed, as this group of researchers often assesses as many as 20 or more outcome variables and finds change in 2 or 3 and calls the program successful.

text: Another intervention designed to reduce drinking amongst student athletes had similar results, reducing misperceptions of alcohol consumption. Also, within the time period of the intervention, there were declines in personal consumption, high risk drinking, and alcohol-related consequences.  When critiquing this study, one should ask how many dependent variables were assessed, as this group of researchers often assesses as many as 20 or more outcome variables and finds change in 2 or 3 and calls the program successful.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high risk drinking

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: declines in personal consumption, high risk drinking, and alcohol-related consequences.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 20 or more outcome variables and finds change in 2 or 3

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 2 or 3

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 20 or more outcome variables and finds change in 2 or 3

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: alcohol consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: reducing misperceptions of alcohol consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: intervention designed to reduce drinking amongst student athletes

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 20 or more outcome variables and finds change in 2 or 3

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high risk drinking,

text: On 2012 Californians for Population Stabilization (CAPS) group brings back Earth Day to human overpopulation as the main concern. Earth day founder Gaylord Nelson stated that he was disappointed in followers for neglecting overpopulation.

text: On 2012

entity_name: Californians for Population Stabilization

text: Californians for Population Stabilization

text: (CAPS) group brings back Earth Day to human overpopulation as the main concern. Earth day founder Gaylord Nelson stated that he was disappointed in followers for neglecting overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: California

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Californians

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

text: Energy consumption is the consumption of energy or power.

text: Energy consumption is the consumption of

text: energy

text: or

text: power

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of energy

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: energy consumption increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption of energy

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: energy

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming more than you need

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Energy consumption

text: HMAS Tarakan (L 129) was a Balikpapan-class heavy landing craft of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). One of eight vessels built by Walkers Limited, Tarakan (named after the Australian landing at Tarakan during World War II) entered RAN service in 1973. During the vessel's career, Tarakan was deployed post-Cyclone Tracy as part of Operation Navy Help Darwin, undertook various surveying operations, was placed in reserve between 1985 and 1988, relocated an overpopulation of Tridacna gigas clams, was part of the INTERFET peacekeeping taskforce, and participated in a Pacific Partnership humanitarian deployment. Tarakan was decommissioned from Australian service in 2014, and is to be transferred to the Philippine Navy in 2015.

text: HMAS Tarakan (L 129) was a

text: Balikpapan-class heavy landing craft

text: of the

text: Royal Australian Navy

text: (RAN). One of eight vessels built by

text: Walkers Limited

text: , Tarakan (named after the Australian

text: landing at Tarakan

text: during World War II) entered RAN service in 1973. During the vessel's career, Tarakan was deployed post-

text: Cyclone Tracy

text: as part of

text: Operation Navy Help Darwin

text: , undertook various

text: surveying

text: operations, was placed in reserve between 1985 and 1988, relocated an overpopulation of

text: Tridacna gigas

text: clams, was part of the

text: INTERFET

text: peacekeeping taskforce, and participated in a

text: Pacific Partnership

text: humanitarian deployment. Tarakan was decommissioned from Australian service in 2014, and is to be transferred to the

text: Philippine Navy

text: in 2015.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Tarakan being decommissioned from Australian service

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Darwin

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Tridacna gigas

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Tridacna gigas clams,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1973.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Darwin,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: HMAS Tarakan (L 129)

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Tridacna gigas clams,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Tridacna gigas clams,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: post-Cyclone Tracy

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: HMAS Tarakan (L 129)

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Tridacna gigas clams,

text: A correlation between maternal exposure to CO and low birth weight has been reported that the effect on birth weight of increased ambient CO was as large as the effect of the mother smoking a pack of cigarettes per day during pregnancy.  It has been revealed that adverse reproductive effects (e.g., risk for LBW) were correlated with maternal exposure to air pollution combustion emissions in Eastern Europe and North America.Mercury is a known toxic heavy metal that can harm fetal growth and health, and there has been evidence showing that exposure to mercury (via consumption of large oily fish) during pregnancy may be related to higher risks of LBW in the offspring.

text: A correlation between maternal exposure to CO and low birth weight has been reported that the effect on birth weight of increased ambient CO was as large as the effect of the mother smoking a pack of cigarettes per day during pregnancy.  It has been revealed that adverse reproductive effects (e.g., risk for LBW) were correlated with maternal exposure to air pollution combustion emissions in Eastern Europe and North America.Mercury is a known toxic heavy metal that can harm fetal growth and health, and there has been evidence showing that exposure to mercury (via consumption of large

text: oily fish

text: ) during pregnancy may be related to higher risks of LBW in the offspring.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: adverse reproductive effects

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Eastern Europe

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption of large oily fish

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: adverse reproductive effects

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: A correlation between maternal exposure to CO and low birth weight

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Eastern Europe and North America.Mercury

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: A correlation between maternal exposure to CO and low birth weight

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: low birth weight

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: A correlation between maternal exposure to CO and low birth weight

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: adverse reproductive effects

text: At times, the artist’s work presents its audience with a jarring discomfiture of imagery, which hints at a disquieting future. A sense of loss features often, mirroring the loss felt at the death of a loved one or at the removal of civil liberties. Regarding the latter, Kuksi has warned of related dangers such as the rise of fundamentalism or dictatorship. Also at issue, according to the artist, is the effect of people themselves on the Earth’s natural resources. Kuksi has described how the world is ”Overpopulated, losing precious resources, de-moralized, and polluted. If the Earth were a person she would be quite ill, infected with a sickness known as humanity.” Referring to religion, he has suggested that an attachment to the apocalyptic “end times” described in the biblical Book of Revelation may result in humanity causing such prophesies to become self-fulfilling. Kuksi has said that “…humanity is doomed if they can’t see the result of repeated historical rise and falls. Perhaps it is as simple as we just aren’t smart enough to save ourselves.”

text: At times, the artist’s work presents its audience with a jarring discomfiture of imagery, which hints at a disquieting future. A sense of loss features often, mirroring the loss felt at the death of a loved one or at the removal of civil liberties. Regarding the latter, Kuksi has warned of related dangers such as the rise of fundamentalism or dictatorship. Also at issue, according to the artist, is the effect of people themselves on the Earth’s natural resources. Kuksi has described how the world is ”Overpopulated, losing precious resources, de-moralized, and polluted. If the Earth were a person she would be quite ill, infected with a sickness known as humanity.” Referring to religion, he has suggested that an attachment to the apocalyptic “end times” described in the biblical

text: Book of Revelation

text: may result in humanity causing such prophesies to become self-fulfilling. Kuksi has said that “…humanity is doomed if they can’t see the result of repeated historical rise and falls. Perhaps it is as simple as we just aren’t smart enough to save ourselves.”

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: polluted

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: polluted

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: polluted.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: ”Overpopulated,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: ”Overpopulated,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: ”Overpopulated,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: polluted.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: ”Overpopulated,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: polluted.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: we just aren’t smart enough to save ourselves.”

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: ”Overpopulated,

text: Landowners frequently cultivated their land themselves, but could also employ a husbandman, or rent it. The husbandman was bound to carry out proper cultivation, raise an average crop, and leave the field in good tilth. In case the crop failed, the Code fixed a statutory return. Land might be leased at a fixed rent, where the Code stipulates that accidental loss fell on the tenant. If leased on profit-sharing terms, the landlord and tenant shared the loss proportionally to their stipulated share of profit. If the tenant paid his rent and kept the land in good tilth, the landlord could not interfere nor forbid subletting.

text: Landowners frequently cultivated their land themselves, but could also employ a

text: husbandman

text: , or rent it. The husbandman was bound to carry out proper cultivation, raise an average crop, and leave the field in good

text: tilth

text: . In case the crop failed, the Code fixed a

text: statutory

text: return. Land might be leased at a fixed rent, where the Code stipulates that accidental loss fell on the tenant. If leased on profit-sharing terms, the landlord and tenant shared the loss proportionally to their stipulated share of profit. If the tenant paid his rent and kept the land in good tilth, the landlord could not interfere nor forbid subletting.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a statutory return

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Landowners frequently cultivated their land

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Landowners frequently cultivated their land

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Landowners

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Landowners

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Landowners

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Landowners

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Landowners frequently cultivated their land

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: crop failed,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The husbandman was bound to carry out proper cultivation,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Landowners

text: The definition centered on a zero-sum game in the consumptions is originated from contributions of Ugo Pagano: When one party’s level of consumption is positive, then at least one other party’s level of consumption must be negative. However while the dimension of positional good is binary, the net (utility) impact of a positional good may be positive, zero or negative. The individual utility derives from the individual preferences on the level of consumption. If reasonable conditions - positive (negative) consumptions imply positive (negative) utilities - hold, then a second kind of definition of positional goods may be formulated: Zero-sum game in the payoffs. Positional goods are goods whose utility of their consumptions is relative (negatively) to the consumption of the others. A last definition of positional good derives from the so-called “Veblen effect”, which is witnessed whenever individuals are willing to pay higher prices for functionally equivalent goods (a very significant example is the luxury goods market). The Veblen effect also implies that a sufficient decrease in price leads not to an increase in demand, but to a decrease, because the social status derived from acquiring the goods in question may fall (remember the role of gap among San Gimignano’s towers!). In this respect, positional goods are goods for which the satisfaction derives (at least in part) from higher pricing. This brings us to an intriguing parallel between positional goods, such as “luxury goods”, and what are known as “Giffen goods”. Rae observed that in the case of “mere luxuries”, while a halving of the price would require a doubling in the number of units purchased, in order to satisfy vanity to the same extent, a reduction of the price to a small fraction of its previous level would reduce demand to zero. Cournot also admitted that some goods “of whim and luxury [...] are only desirable on account of their rarity and of the high price which is the consequence thereof […] [i]n this case a great fall in price would almost annihilate the demand.” (cf. Schneider ).

text: The definition centered on a zero-sum game in the consumptions is originated from contributions of

text: Ugo Pagano

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Veblen effect

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: gap among San Gimignano’s towers

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Veblen effect

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: positive consumptions imply positive (negative) utilities

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: to a decrease,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: “Giffen goods”.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: San Gimignano’s

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: “Giffen goods”.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: in price leads not to an increase in demand,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: in demand,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: the social status derived from acquiring the goods in question may fall

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: higher pricing.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increase in demand,

text: Human overpopulation occurs if the number of people in a group exceeds the carrying capacity of the place occupied by that group. Overpopulation can further be viewed, in a long term perspective, as existing when a population cannot be maintained given the rapid depletion of non-renewable resources or given the degradation of the capacity of the environment to give support to the population.

text: Human overpopulation occurs if the number of people in a group exceeds the

text: carrying capacity

text: of the place occupied by that group. Overpopulation can further be viewed, in a long term perspective, as existing when a population cannot be maintained given the rapid depletion of

text: non-renewable resources

text: or given the degradation of the capacity of the environment to give support to the population.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the number of people in a group exceeds the carrying capacity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: if the number of people in a group exceeds the carrying capacity

text: Circumstances are exacerbated by irrational consumption and waste in most of Argentina's systems. Much of the waste is caused in large part by inadequate fees that do not accurately represent the value of water. The most evident indicator of over-consumption and waste is the average municipal use of nearly 500 liters/person/day or about 182 m per year ranking Argentina near the top, along with Costa Rica, of municipal water use in Latin America. Total water use including industrial, agriculture, and municipal is 774 m per person or about 4% of total annual renewable water resources on a per capita basis.

text: Circumstances are exacerbated by irrational consumption and waste in most of Argentina's systems. Much of the waste is caused in large part by inadequate fees that do not accurately represent the value of water. The most evident indicator of over-consumption and waste is the average municipal use of nearly 500 liters/person/day or about 182 m per year ranking Argentina near the top, along with Costa Rica, of municipal water use in Latin America. Total water use including industrial, agriculture, and municipal is 774 m per person or about 4% of total annual renewable water resources on a per capita basis.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Argentina

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: irrational consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 4% of total annual renewable water resources

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 4%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Argentina's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 182 m per year

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: irrational consumption and waste

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Total water use

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: irrational consumption and waste

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Argentina's

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: irrational consumption and waste

text: The high rate of fertility has resulted in overpopulation. With more than 12000 inhabitants, the availability of land for market gardening is steadily diminishing.The most updated population figure for the island is available on the Ministry of Atolls Development website, which states that as of March 2007, the island had a population of 6410 women and 5590 men, giving a total of 12000. This gives a sex ratio of 0.88.

text: The high rate of fertility has resulted in overpopulation. With more than 12000 inhabitants, the availability of land for market gardening is steadily diminishing.The most updated population figure for the island is available on the Ministry of Atolls Development website, which states that as of March 2007, the island had a population of 6410 women and 5590 men, giving a total of 12000. This gives a sex ratio of 0.88.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The high rate of fertility has resulted in overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the availability of land for market gardening is steadily diminishing.The

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 6410 women and 5590 men, giving a total of 12000.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high rate of fertility

text: WInograd states: "as surely as pet overpopulation is a myth, the idea that the only way to a No Kill nation is through spay/neuter initiatives is also a myth." While these initiatives may be helpful, they "will not save animals in shelters today", and are not a "prerequisite to No Kill when caring, compassionate, and competent leadership takes over a shelter." High volume, low cost spay/neuter is an element of the No Kill Equation, but having a compassionate director is the most important element.

text: WInograd states: "as surely as pet overpopulation is a myth, the idea that the only way to a No Kill nation is through spay/neuter initiatives is also a myth." While these initiatives may be helpful, they "will not save animals in shelters today", and are not a "prerequisite to No Kill when caring, compassionate, and competent leadership takes over a shelter." High volume, low cost spay/neuter is an element of the

text: No Kill Equation

text: , but having a compassionate director is the most important element.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no kill

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: No Kill nation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pet overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: No Kill nation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: pet overpopulation is a myth,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: pet overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: pet overpopulation is a myth,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pet overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pet overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: pet overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: spay/neuter initiatives

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pet

text: The theory was coined to augment the discussion of overpopulation, which reflects issues of carrying capacity without taking into account per capita consumption, by which developing nations are evaluated to consume more than their land can support. Green parties and the ecology movement often argue that consumption per person, or ecological footprint, is typically lower in poor than in rich nations.

text: The theory was coined to augment the discussion of

text: overpopulation

text: , which reflects issues of

text: carrying capacity

text: without taking into account per capita consumption, by which developing nations are evaluated to consume more than their land can support.

text: Green parties

text: and the

text: ecology movement

text: often argue that consumption per person, or

text: ecological footprint

text: , is typically lower in poor than in rich nations.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing nations

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: ecological footprint

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: per capita consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: lower in poor than in rich nations.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: lower in poor than in rich nations.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing nations

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: ecological footprint,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: developing nations are evaluated to consume more than their land can support.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The theory was coined to augment the discussion of overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: developing nations are evaluated to consume more than their land can support.

text: The Great Lakes have been polluted with industrial wastes (mainly PCBs and DDT) since the beginning of the 20th century.  These compounds have accumulated in birds and sports fish.  A study was designed to assess the impact of consumption of contaminated fish on pregnant women and their children.  Concentrations of maternal serum PCB and DDE and their daughters' age at menarche were reviewed.  In multivariate analysis, DDE but not PCB was linked with a lowered age of menarche. Limitations of the study included indirect measurement of the exposure and self reporting of menarche.

text: The Great Lakes have been polluted with industrial wastes (mainly PCBs and DDT) since the beginning of the 20th century.  These compounds have accumulated in birds and sports fish.  A study was designed to assess the impact of consumption of contaminated fish on pregnant women and their children.  Concentrations of maternal serum PCB and DDE and their daughters' age at menarche were reviewed.  In multivariate analysis, DDE but not PCB was linked with a lowered age of menarche. Limitations of the study included indirect measurement of the exposure and self reporting of menarche.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The Great Lakes

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: industrial wastes

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: contaminated fish

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The Great Lakes have been polluted with industrial wastes

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Great Lakes

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The Great Lakes

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Great Lakes

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: PCBs and DDT)

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: The Great Lakes have been polluted with industrial wastes

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: industrial wastes

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Great Lakes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: contaminated fish

text: Over-consumption of alcohol causes many deaths worldwide.  The overall mortality from alcohol use was found to be similar to that of the effect of physical inactivity. A review in 2009 found that "the net effect of alcohol consumption on health is detrimental, with an estimated 3.8% of all global deaths and 4.6% of global disability-adjusted life-years attributable to alcohol."

text: Over-consumption of alcohol causes many deaths worldwide.  The overall mortality from alcohol use was found to be similar to that of the effect of physical inactivity. A review in 2009 found that "the net effect of alcohol consumption on health is detrimental, with an estimated 3.8% of all global deaths and 4.6% of global disability-adjusted life-years attributable to alcohol."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: worldwide

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Over-consumption of alcohol

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 4.6% of global disability-adjusted life-years

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Over-consumption of alcohol causes many deaths worldwide.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Over-consumption of alcohol

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Over-consumption of alcohol causes many deaths worldwide.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Over-consumption of alcohol

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Over-consumption of alcohol

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol

text: The Green Revolution was so successful that it helped India achieve food self-sufficiency within five years and double food production within ten years. This was totally unexpected, and took even many experts by surprise. More than the increased food production, the elevation of agricultural operation in India to a higher level of organization was a more noteworthy achievement. It was a perfect demonstration of the success that a planned initiative could achieve when implemented with the required knowledge and awareness.

text: The Green Revolution was so successful that it helped India achieve food self-sufficiency within five years and double food production within ten years. This was totally unexpected, and took even many experts by surprise. More than the increased food production, the elevation of agricultural operation in India to a higher level of organization was a more noteworthy achievement. It was a perfect demonstration of the success that a planned initiative could achieve when implemented with the required knowledge and awareness.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: food self-sufficiency

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: food self-sufficiency

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: India achieve food self-sufficiency

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: food self-sufficiency within five years and double food production

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the elevation of agricultural operation in India to a higher level of organization

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: food self-sufficiency

text: She was mainly used on the main home run between Douglas and Liverpool, and in service she regularly averaged over 20 knots between the Head and the Victoria Tower. Her average oil consumption on the route was 18.76 tons over five seasons.

text: She was mainly used on the main home run between

text: Douglas

text: and

text: Liverpool

text: , and in service she regularly averaged over 20

text: knots

text: between

text: the Head

text: and

text: the Victoria Tower

text: . Her average oil consumption on the route was 18.76

text: ton

text: s over five seasons.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Liverpool

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: oil

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: oil consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are true

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 18.76 tons

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 18.76 tons over five seasons.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Douglas and Liverpool,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 18.76 tons

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: oil consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 18.76 tons

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: oil consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 18.76 tons

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: average oil consumption on the route was 18.76 tons

text: The declaration expresses concern over the "unfounded or undue concerns" of environmentalists such as "fears of destructive manmade global warming, overpopulation, and rampant species loss".

text: The declaration expresses concern over the "unfounded or undue concerns" of environmentalists such as "fears of destructive manmade

text: global warming

text: , overpopulation, and rampant

text: species loss

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: manmade global warming

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation, and rampant species loss".

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: rampant species loss".

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: global warming,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: manmade global warming,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: manmade global warming, overpopulation, and rampant species loss".

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: While it is necessary for there to be lighting in a parking lot in green parking lots for security purposes it is important to balance this need with minimal energy consumption. Green parking lots often use scaled lighting; shorter light poles and less intense lighting where pedestrians or bicycles will be, and higher intensity lighting in areas where cars are, to minimize over-lighting of areas that don't need to be lit. Green parking lots may also power the lighting using solar or wind among other renewable forms of energy.

text: While it is necessary for there to be lighting in a parking lot in green parking lots for security purposes it is important to balance this need with minimal energy consumption. Green parking lots often use scaled lighting; shorter light poles and less intense lighting where pedestrians or bicycles will be, and higher intensity lighting in areas where cars are, to minimize over-lighting of areas that don't need to be lit. Green parking lots may also power the lighting using solar or wind among other renewable forms of energy.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: green parking lots

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Green Parking Lots

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: renewable forms of energy.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Green parking lots often use scaled lighting; shorter light poles

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: green parking lots

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Green parking lots often use scaled lighting;

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: energy consumption.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Green parking lots

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-lighting

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green parking lots often use scaled lighting;

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-lighting of areas that don't need to be lit.

text: Faced with the consequences of extreme overpopulation, the Plutonians found that their only solution was to colonise other planets in the solar system, by means of terraforming: turning barren, uninhabitable planets into thriving, hospitable worlds. Thus, the Plutonian' chief scientist, and Xed's sidekick, Doc initiates the Terracon project.

text: Faced with the consequences of extreme overpopulation, the Plutonians found that their only solution was to colonise other planets in the solar system, by means of

text: terraforming

text: : turning barren, uninhabitable

text: planet

text: s into thriving, hospitable worlds. Thus, the Plutonian' chief scientist, and Xed's sidekick, Doc initiates the Terracon project.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: terraforming

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Plutonians

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: extreme overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: thriving, hospitable worlds.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Faced with the consequences of extreme overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: extreme overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: extreme overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: extreme overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: extreme overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Faced with the consequences of extreme overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: extreme overpopulation,

text: Resource dilution theory (RDT) suggests that siblings divert resources from each other.  The metanalysis, however, found no such effect. Additional claims have been made, for instance that siblings compete for parental affection and other resources via academic achievement balancing out confluence effects.

text: Resource dilution theory (RDT) suggests that siblings divert resources from each other.  The metanalysis, however, found no such effect. Additional claims have been made, for instance that siblings compete for parental affection and other resources via academic achievement balancing out confluence effects.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no such effect

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: resource dilution theory

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: siblings divert resources from each other.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Resource dilution theory

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: siblings divert resources from each other.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Resource dilution theory

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Resource dilution theory

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: siblings divert resources from each other.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: siblings divert resources from each other.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Resource dilution theory

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: siblings divert resources from each other.

text: A team at the Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada, demonstrated that consumption of AFA results in an immediate change in the trafficking of immune cells. The effect is transient and cell-type specific. An extensive body of data documents that long-term consumption does not lead to hyper-stimulation of the immune system. According to researchers, AFA blue-green algae make natural killer cells "patrol" better throughout the body. These effects were seen when using a low oral dose of algae (1.5 gram), corresponding to a low amount of food supplementation.

text: A team at the Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada, demonstrated that consumption of AFA results in an immediate change in the trafficking of immune cells. The effect is transient and cell-type specific. An extensive body of data documents that long-term consumption does not lead to hyper-stimulation of the

text: immune system

text: . According to researchers, AFA blue-green algae make

text: natural killer cells

text: "patrol" better throughout the body. These effects were seen when using a low oral dose of algae (1.5 gram), corresponding to a low amount of food supplementation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Montreal, Canada

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: long-term consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: immediate change in the trafficking of immune cells.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: change in the trafficking of immune cells.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Montreal, Canada,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: AFA blue-green algae

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: change in the trafficking of immune cells.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: change in the trafficking of immune cells.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption of AFA

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: AFA results in an immediate change in the trafficking of immune cells.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: hyper-stimulation of the immune system.

text: In economics, a non-renewable resource is defined as goods, where greater consumption today implies less consumption tomorrow. David Ricardo in his early works analysed the pricing of exhaustible resources, where he argued that the price of a mineral resource should increase over time. He argued that the spot price is always determined by the mine with the highest cost of extraction, and mine owners with lower extraction costs benefit from a differential rent. The first model is defined by Hotelling's rule, which is a 1931 economic model of non-renewable resource management by Harold Hotelling. It shows that efficient exploitation of a nonrenewable and nonaugmentable resource would, under otherwise stable conditions, lead to a depletion of the resource. The rule states that this would lead to a net price or "Hotelling rent" for it that rose annually at a rate equal to the rate of interest, reflecting the increasing scarcity of the resources.The Hartwick's rule provides an important result about the sustainability of welfare in an economy that uses non-renewable source.

text: In economics, a non-renewable resource is defined as

text: goods

text: , where greater consumption today implies less consumption tomorrow.

text: David Ricardo

text: in his early works analysed the pricing of exhaustible resources, where he argued that the price of a mineral resource should increase over time. He argued that the spot price is always determined by the mine with the highest cost of extraction, and mine owners with lower extraction costs benefit from a differential rent. The first model is defined by

text: Hotelling's rule

text: , which is a 1931 economic model of non-renewable

text: resource management

text: by

text: Harold Hotelling

text: . It shows that efficient exploitation of a nonrenewable and nonaugmentable resource would, under otherwise stable conditions, lead to a

text: depletion

text: of the resource. The rule states that this would lead to a net price or "

text: Hotelling rent

text: " for it that rose annually at a rate equal to the

text: rate of interest

text: , reflecting the increasing scarcity of the resources.The

text: Hartwick's rule

text: provides an important result about the

text: sustainability

text: of welfare in an economy that uses non-renewable source.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption today implies less consumption tomorrow

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: sustainability of welfare in an economy that uses non-renewable source.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In economics,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: increasing scarcity of the resources.The

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: increasing scarcity of the resources.The

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: depletion of the resource.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: greater consumption today implies less consumption tomorrow.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: depletion of the resource.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: a non-renewable resource

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: greater consumption today implies less consumption tomorrow.

text: Vandana Shiva notes that this is the "second Green Revolution". The first Green Revolution, she notes, was mostly publicly-funded (by the Indian Government). This new Green Revolution, she says, is driven by private [and foreign] interest - notably MNCs like Monsanto. Ultimately, this is leading to foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

text: Vandana Shiva

text: notes that this is the "second Green Revolution". The first Green Revolution, she notes, was mostly publicly-funded (by the Indian Government). This new Green Revolution, she says, is driven by private [and foreign] interest - notably MNCs like Monsanto. Ultimately, this is leading to foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: foreign ownership

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: foreign ownership

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: "second Green Revolution".

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: "second Green Revolution".

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Vandana Shiva notes that this is the "second Green Revolution".

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: MNCs like Monsanto.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Vandana Shiva notes that this is the "second Green Revolution".

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: foreign ownership over most of India's farmland.

text: In December 2009, the Bureau of Land Management announced a roundup of 2500 wild horses out of an estimated population of 3000 in the Black Rock Range and vicinity, due to overpopulation.

text: In December 2009, the

text: Bureau of Land Management

text: announced a roundup of 2500 wild horses out of an estimated population of 3000 in the Black Rock Range and vicinity, due to overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Black Rock Range

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In December 2009,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Black Rock Range

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 2500 wild horses out of an estimated population of 3000

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: wild horses

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: In December 2009,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: Set in the future, the Earth has become severely polluted (people need to wear breathing masks when outside) with severe overpopulation affecting available resources. Because of the permanent thick smog that has settled over the dismal cities that now cover the Earth’s entire surface, all animals – even common household pets - are extinct; people eat tasteless bright-colored paste out of plastic containers. To reduce the world's population, the world's government decrees that no children may be conceived for the next 30 years. Breaking this law will result in a death penalty for both the parents as well as the newborn. Brainwashing and robot substitutes are used to end the yearning for children with the death penalty as the ultimate deterrent, by being placed under a plastic dome and suffocated to death. Couples of child-bearing age visit "Babyland" and are given life-size animatronic children instead.

text: Set in the future, the Earth has become severely polluted (people need to wear breathing masks when outside) with severe overpopulation affecting available resources. Because of the permanent thick smog that has settled over the dismal cities that now cover the Earth’s entire surface, all animals – even common household pets - are extinct; people eat tasteless bright-colored paste out of plastic containers. To reduce the world's population, the world's government decrees that no children may be conceived for the next 30 years. Breaking this law will result in a death penalty for both the parents as well as the newborn. Brainwashing and robot substitutes are used to end the yearning for children with the death penalty as the ultimate deterrent, by being placed under a plastic dome and suffocated to death. Couples of child-bearing age visit "Babyland" and are given life-size animatronic children instead.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the Earth’s entire surface

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: plastic

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation affecting available resources

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: thick smog

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: (people need to wear breathing masks

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: cities

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: severely polluted

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: permanent thick smog

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: tasteless bright-colored paste out of plastic containers.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: affecting available resources.

text: As the glycemic index measures the speed at which glucose is released into the bloodstream a refined sugar containing glucose is considered high-glycemic. As with other sugars, over-consumption may cause an increase in blood sugar levels from a normal 90 mg/dL to up over 150 mg/dL. (5 mmol/l to over 8.3 mmol/l).

text: As the glycemic index measures the speed at which glucose is released into the bloodstream a refined sugar containing glucose is considered high-glycemic. As with other sugars, over-consumption may cause an increase in blood sugar levels from a normal 90 mg/dL to up over 150 mg/dL. (5 mmol/l to over 8.3 mmol/l).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: an increase in blood sugar levels

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: high-glycemic.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: As the glycemic index

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: high-glycemic.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: glycemic index

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: glycemic index

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: glycemic index

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: As the glycemic index

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: sugars,

text: But the created credit is not backed by any real savings nor is in response to any change in the real economy, hence, there are physically not enough resources to finance either the malinvestments or the consumption rate indefinitely. The bust occurs when investors collectively realize their mistake. This happens usually some time after interest rates rise again. The liquidation of the malinvestments and the consequent reduction in consumption throw the economy into a recession, whose severity mirrors the scale of the boom's excesses.

text: But the created credit is not backed by any real savings nor is in response to any change in the real economy, hence, there are physically not enough resources to finance either the malinvestments or the consumption rate indefinitely. The bust occurs when investors collectively realize their mistake. This happens usually some time after interest rates rise again. The

text: liquidation

text: of the malinvestments and the consequent reduction in consumption throw the economy into a recession, whose severity mirrors the scale of the boom's excesses.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: recession

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: the scale of the boom's excesses

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: malinvestments

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: recession,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: change in the real economy,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: recession,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: But the created credit is not backed by any real savings

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: malinvestments or the consumption rate indefinitely.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption rate indefinitely.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: interest rates rise again.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: But the created credit is not backed by any real savings

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: boom's excesses.

text: Illegal building can be the consequence of a combination of urbanization, overpopulation, homelessness and poverty in which case expanding slums, Shanty towns or similar will result. On the other hand, illegal building activity may be due to profitable speculation with and exploitation of valuable real property. Demand for mass tourism accommodation (hotels, etc.) as well as its counterpart, individualistic luxury retreats for the very rich are visible drivers of such speculation. Similar motivation may come from incentives connected with the illegal construction of great shopping malls or similar on greenfield land.

text: Illegal building can be the consequence of a combination of

text: urbanization

text: overpopulation

text: homelessness

text: and

text: poverty

text: in which case expanding

text: slums

text: Shanty town

text: s or similar will result. On the other hand, illegal building activity may be due to

text: profitable

text: speculation

text: with and

text: exploitation

text: of valuable

text: real property

text: . Demand for

text: mass tourism

text: accommodation (

text: hotel

text: s, etc.) as well as its counterpart, individualistic luxury retreats for the very rich are visible drivers of such speculation. Similar motivation may come from incentives connected with the illegal construction of great

text: shopping mall

text: s or similar on

text: greenfield land

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: illegal building

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: slums

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: illegal building

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: slums, Shanty towns

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: individualistic luxury retreats for the very rich

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: slums, Shanty towns

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Illegal building

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Illegal building

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: greenfield land.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Illegal building can be the consequence of a combination of urbanization,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Illegal building

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: We can find a green consumer behavior when an individual acts ethically, motivated not only by his/her personal needs, but also by the respect and preservation of the welfare of entire society, because a green consumer takes into account the environmental consequences (costs and benefits) of his/her private consumption. Green consumers are expected to be more conscientious in their use of assets, for example by using their goods without wasting resources. However the Eurobarometer’s survey of consumers’ behavior (2013) showed that consumers seem not to be fully conscious of the importance to adopt a set of new behaviors, that are more environmental-friendly. In this report it is possible to find that even though a very high proportion of citizens buy green products (80%), more than a half are classified as occasional maintenance (54%), and only a quarter are regular buyer of green products (26%).This fact implies that most of people do not behave like green consumer continuously, probably because of a lot of social and economic constraints, such as the fact that green products are much more expensive than non-green ones, and also because it is not always so easy to find organic and biological goods for each category, and because the green-retailers are not so widespread. Some researchers find that personal values are influential determinants of consumption and that pro-environmental behavior might serve as a signal of personality dimension. Considering the time-horizon in the acquisition of green behavior, we can distinguish two types of consumers:

text: We can find a green consumer behavior when an individual acts ethically, motivated not only by his/her personal needs, but also by the respect and preservation of the welfare of entire society, because a green consumer takes into account the environmental consequences (costs and benefits) of his/her private consumption. Green consumers are expected to be more conscientious in their use of assets, for example by using their goods without wasting resources. However the Eurobarometer’s survey of consumers’ behavior (2013) showed that consumers seem not to be fully conscious of the importance to adopt a set of new behaviors, that are more environmental-friendly. In this report it is possible to find that even though a very high proportion of citizens buy green products (80%), more than a half are classified as occasional maintenance (54%), and only a quarter are regular buyer of green products (26%).This fact implies that most of people do not behave like green consumer continuously, probably because of a lot of social and economic constraints, such as the fact that green products are much more expensive than non-green ones, and also because it is not always so easy to find organic and

text: biological

text: goods for each category, and because the green-retailers are not so widespread. Some researchers find that personal values are influential determinants of consumption and that pro-environmental behavior might serve as a signal of personality dimension. Considering the time-horizon in the acquisition of green behavior, we can distinguish two types of consumers:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: green consumer behavior

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: European Union

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: context:

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wasting resources

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a very high proportion of citizens buy green products

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: occasional maintenance

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: occasional maintenance (54%),

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: occasional maintenance

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: wasting resources.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: occasional maintenance

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: wasting resources.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green consumers

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: occasional maintenance

text: Participatory economics utilizes participatory decision making as an economic mechanism to guide the production, consumption and allocation of resources in a given society.

text: Participatory economics

text: utilizes participatory decision making as an economic mechanism to guide the production, consumption and allocation of resources in a given society.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: participatory economics

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Participatory economics

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Participatory economics

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Participatory economics

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Participatory economics

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Participatory economics

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Participatory economics

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Participatory economics

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Participatory economics

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Participatory economics

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption and allocation of resources

text: By 1900, there were over 100 hundred pretenders who had presented themselves to be the "lost-dauphin". The popularity of the false-dauphins peaked in the wake of the 1830 Revolution, and waned over the course of the century. Unlike the deaths of his parents which were a national spectacle, the dauphin's death was a matter of administrative and medical record, consequently easier to repudiate. The myth of the substition before the death of Louis-Charles was popularized and encouraged by Jean-Joseph Regnault Warin's immense popular novel Le Cimetie`re de la Madeleine in 1800. Pretenders increased in regularity after the accession of King Louis XVIII in the Bourbon Restoration. Following the Revolution of 1830 pretender claims were treated with heightened seriousness in France because of their ability to serve as critiques of the King Louis XVIII. The premise of a Bourbon claimant challenging the legitimacy of Louis-Phillppe's legitimacy, certainly served as the reason for the aggression of which the pretenders were pursued in the courts.

text: By 1900, there were over 100 hundred pretenders who had presented themselves to be the "lost-dauphin". The popularity of the false-dauphins peaked in the wake of the

text: 1830 Revolution

text: , and waned over the course of the century. Unlike the deaths of his parents which were a national spectacle, the dauphin's death was a matter of administrative and medical record, consequently easier to repudiate. The myth of the substition before the death of Louis-Charles was popularized and encouraged by

text: Jean-Joseph Regnault Warin

text: 's immense popular novel Le Cimetie`re de la Madeleine in 1800. Pretenders increased in regularity after the accession of

text: King Louis XVIII

text: in the

text: Bourbon Restoration

text: . Following the Revolution of 1830 pretender claims were treated with heightened seriousness in France because of their ability to serve as critiques of the King Louis XVIII. The premise of a Bourbon claimant challenging the legitimacy of Louis-Phillppe's legitimacy, certainly served as the reason for the aggression of which the pretenders were pursued in the courts.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the Bourbon Restoration

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: How many people do not have enough clean water for drinking?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Pretenders increased in regularity after the accession

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: The myth of the substition before the death of Louis-Charles

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The popularity of the false-dauphins

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 1830 Revolution, and waned over the course of the century.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: France

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: By 1900,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: "lost-dauphin".

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Pretenders increased in regularity

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: a Bourbon claimant challenging the legitimacy

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: By 1900,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "lost-dauphin".

text: The Jevons Paradox is the proposition that technological progress that increases the efficiency with which a resource is used, tends to increase (rather than decrease) the rate of consumption of that resource. For example, given that expenditure on necessities and taxes remain the same, (i) the availability of energy-saving lightbulbs may mean lower electricity usage and fees for a household but this frees up more discretionary, disposable income for additional consumption elsewhere (an example of the "rebound effect") and (ii) technology (or globalisation) that leads to the availability of cheaper goods for consumers also frees up discretionary income for increased consumptive spending.

text: The

text: Jevons Paradox

text: is the proposition that technological progress that increases the efficiency with which a resource is used, tends to increase (rather than decrease) the rate of consumption of that resource. For example, given that expenditure on necessities and taxes remain the same, (i) the availability of energy-saving lightbulbs may mean lower electricity usage and fees for a household but this frees up more discretionary, disposable income for additional consumption elsewhere (an example of the

text: "rebound effect"

text: ) and (ii) technology (or globalisation) that leads to the availability of cheaper goods for consumers also frees up discretionary income for increased consumptive spending.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: globalisation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increased consumptive spending

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: technological progress that increases the efficiency of a resource

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: lower electricity usage and fees for a household

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: technological progress

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: globalisation)

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The Jevons Paradox

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The Jevons Paradox

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increase (rather than decrease) the rate of consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: technological progress

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Jevons Paradox

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: increase (rather than decrease) the rate of consumption of that resource.

text: Peercoin's proof-of-stake system was developed to address the high energy consumption of bitcoin. For example, as of April 2013 the generation of bitcoins was using approximately $150,000 USD per day in power consumption costs. The proof-of-stake method of generating coins requires very minimal energy consumption; it only requires the energy to run the client software on a computer, as opposed to running resource-intensive cryptographic hashing functions. During its early stages of growth, most Peercoins will be generated by proof-of-work like bitcoin, however over time proof-of-work will be phased out as proof-of-work difficulty increases and block rewards decrease. As Proof-of-stake  becomes the primary source of coin generation, energy consumption (relative to market cap) decreases over time. As of January 2014, roughly 90% of new coins being generated are still from proof-of-work and the energy consumption of Peercoin uses roughly 30% of the energy consumption of bitcoin (scaling for market cap - in terms of value secured per GH/s).

text: Peercoin's proof-of-stake system was developed to address the high energy consumption of bitcoin. For example, as of April 2013 the generation of bitcoins was using approximately $150,000 USD per day in power consumption costs. The proof-of-stake method of generating coins requires very minimal energy consumption; it only requires the energy to run the client software on a computer, as opposed to running resource-intensive cryptographic hashing functions. During its early stages of growth, most Peercoins will be generated by proof-of-work like bitcoin, however over time proof-of-work will be phased out as proof-of-work difficulty increases and block rewards decrease. As Proof-of-stake  becomes the primary source of coin generation, energy consumption (relative to market cap) decreases over time. As of January 2014, roughly 90% of new coins being generated are still from proof-of-work and the energy consumption of Peercoin uses roughly 30% of the energy consumption of bitcoin (scaling for market cap - in terms of value secured per GH/s).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: energy consumption (relative to market cap) decreases over time

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: as of April 2013

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: power consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 90% of new coins being generated are still from proof-of-work

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: energy consumption (relative to market cap) decreases over time.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Peercoin's

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Peercoin's proof-of-stake

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: power consumption costs.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: high energy consumption of bitcoin.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: proof-of-work difficulty increases and block rewards decrease.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Peercoin's proof-of-stake

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high energy consumption

text: Data on global and regional food supply shows that consumption rose from 2011-2012 in all regions. Diets became more diverse, with a decrease in consumption of cereals and roots and an increase in fruits, vegetables, and meat products. However, this increase masks the discrepancies between nations, where Africa, in particular, saw a decrease in food consumption over the same years. This information is derived from food balance sheets that reflect national food supplies, however, this does not necessarily reflect the distribution of micro and macronutrients. Often inequality in food access leaves distribution which uneven, resulting in undernourishment for some and obesity for others.

text: Data on global and regional food supply shows that consumption rose from 2011-2012 in all regions. Diets became more diverse, with a decrease in consumption of cereals and roots and an increase in fruits, vegetables, and meat products. However, this increase masks the discrepancies between nations, where Africa, in particular, saw a decrease in food consumption over the same years. This information is derived from food balance sheets that reflect national food supplies, however, this does not necessarily reflect the distribution of micro and macronutrients. Often inequality in food access leaves distribution which uneven, resulting in undernourishment for some and obesity for others.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: diets becoming more diverse

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Consumption rose

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: inequality in food access

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: obesity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Diets became more diverse,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: consumption rose from 2011-2012

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Data on global and regional food supply shows that consumption rose from 2011-2012

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: obesity

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption rose from 2011-2012

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: inequality in food access

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Data on global and regional food supply shows that consumption rose from 2011-2012

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: obesity

text: A main criticism of the effects of the Green Revolution is the rising costs for many small farmers using HYV seeds, with their associated demands of increased irrigation systems and pesticides. A case study is found in India, where farmers are planting cotton seeds capable of producing Bt toxin. A criticism regarding the Green Revolution are the effects regarding the widespread commercialization and market share of organisations, particularly of the phasing out of seed saving practices in favor of purchasing of seeds, and concerns regarding the financial affordability of the adoption of patented crops amongst farmers, particularly of those in the developing world.This can allow larger farms, even foreign owned farming operations, to buy up local smallhold farms.

text: A main criticism of the effects of the Green Revolution is the rising costs for many small farmers using HYV seeds, with their associated demands of increased irrigation systems and pesticides. A case study is found in India, where farmers are planting cotton seeds capable of producing

text: Bt toxin

text: . A criticism regarding the Green Revolution are the effects regarding the widespread commercialization and market share of organisations, particularly of the phasing out of seed saving practices in favor of purchasing of seeds, and concerns regarding the financial affordability of the adoption of patented crops amongst farmers, particularly of those in the developing world.This can allow larger farms, even foreign owned farming operations, to buy up local smallhold farms.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: rising costs for many small farmers

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing world

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Toxin

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: rising costs for many small farmers

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: widespread commercialization and market share

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: rising costs

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing world.This

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: A main criticism of the effects of the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Bt toxin.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: rising costs

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: increased irrigation systems and pesticides.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: A main criticism of the effects of the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: phasing out of seed saving practices in favor of purchasing of seeds,

text: Consumption and investment fell in the both public and private sector as a consequence of the depression. The number of the bankruptcies of companies rose strongly, and these bankruptcies in combination with the weak economic situation caused mass unemployment. Unemployment during the years 1992–1997 was consistently over 12 per cent and went as high as 36.7% in construction industry during year 1994. Smaller banks ended up absorbed by big ones, due to difficulty maintaining profitability as a result of risky loans made to companies which consequently went bankrupt, resulting in a nationwide bank crisis.

text: Consumption and investment fell in the both public and private sector as a consequence of the depression. The number of the bankruptcies of companies rose strongly, and these bankruptcies in combination with the weak economic situation caused mass unemployment. Unemployment during the years 1992–1997 was consistently over 12 per cent and went as high as 36.7% in construction industry during year 1994. Smaller banks ended up absorbed by big ones, due to difficulty maintaining profitability as a result of risky loans made to companies which consequently went bankrupt, resulting in a nationwide bank crisis.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: construction industry

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Unemployment

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: bankruptcies

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a nationwide bank crisis.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Unemployment during the years 1992–1997 was consistently over 12 per cent

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: construction industry

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unemployment.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unemployment.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Consumption and investment fell in the both public and private sector

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: bankruptcies

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Consumption and investment fell in the both public and private sector

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Consumption and investment fell in the both public and private sector

text: For example, the United States Clean Water Act defines "pollution" (i.e., water pollution) very broadly to include any and all "man-made or man-induced alteration of the chemical, physical, biological, and radiological integrity of water." However, the Act defines "pollutants" subject to its control more specifically, as "dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, filter backwash, sewage, garbage, sewage sludge, munitions, chemical wastes, biological materials, radioactive materials [with certain exceptions], heat, wrecked or discarded equipment, rock, sand, cellar dirt and industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste discharged into water. "  This definition begins to define both the classes or types of materials (e.g., solid waste) and energies (e.g., heat) that may constitute water pollution, and indicates the moment at which otherwise useful materials may be transformed into pollution for regulatory purposes: when they are "discharged into water," defined elsewhere as "addition" of the material to regulated waters.

text: For example, the United States

text: Clean Water Act

text: defines "pollution" (i.e., water pollution) very broadly to include any and all "man-made or man-induced alteration of the chemical, physical, biological, and radiological integrity of water." However, the Act defines "pollutants" subject to its control more specifically, as "dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, filter backwash, sewage, garbage, sewage sludge, munitions, chemical wastes, biological materials, radioactive materials [with certain exceptions], heat, wrecked or discarded equipment, rock, sand, cellar dirt and industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste discharged into water. "  This definition begins to define both the classes or types of materials (e.g., solid waste) and energies (e.g., heat) that may constitute water pollution, and indicates the moment at which otherwise useful materials may be transformed into pollution for regulatory purposes: when they are "discharged into water," defined elsewhere as "addition" of the material to regulated waters.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: solid waste

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: water pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: man-made or man-induced

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: United States Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: agricultural waste

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: United States Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: incinerator residue,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: agricultural waste discharged into water.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: "pollution"

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: United States Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "pollution"

text: The general cause of this disease is prolonged and heavy consumption of alcohol accompanied by a nutritional deficiency. There is some debate over whether the main cause is the direct toxic effect of alcohol itself or whether the disease is a result of alcoholism-related malnutrition.

text: The general cause of this disease is prolonged and heavy consumption of

text: alcohol

text: accompanied by a nutritional deficiency. There is some debate over whether the main cause is the direct

text: toxic

text: effect of alcohol itself or whether the disease is a result of alcoholism-related

text: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: malnutrition

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: prolonged and heavy consumption of alcohol

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: heavy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: alcohol accompanied by a nutritional deficiency.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: a nutritional deficiency.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: alcohol accompanied by a nutritional deficiency.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: alcohol accompanied by a nutritional deficiency.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: nutritional deficiency.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: prolonged and heavy consumption of alcohol

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: alcohol accompanied by a nutritional deficiency.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: prolonged and heavy consumption of alcohol

text: As excessive alcohol consumption can lead to hepatitis and cirrhosis, the following are maximal recommendations for alcohol consumption:

text: As excessive alcohol consumption can lead to hepatitis and cirrhosis, the following are maximal recommendations for alcohol consumption:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a decrease in carbon dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the world's population has increased

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: excessive alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: hepatitis and cirrhosis,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: hepatitis and cirrhosis,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: hepatitis and cirrhosis,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: hepatitis and cirrhosis,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: excessive alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol

text: Studies have shown conflicting results about a possible connection between egg consumption and type two diabetes. A 1999 prospective study of over 117,000 people by the Harvard School of Public Health concluded, in part, that "The apparent increased risk of CHD associated with higher egg consumption among diabetic participants warrants further research."  A 2008 study by the Physicians' Health Study I (1982–2007) and the Women's Health Study (1992–2007) determined the "data suggest that high levels of egg consumption (daily) are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes." However, a study published in 2010 found no link between egg consumption and type 2 diabetes.A meta-analysis from 2013 found that eating 4 eggs per week increased the risk of diabetes by 29%. Another meta-analysis from 2013 also supported the idea that egg consumption may lead to an increased incidence of type two diabetes.

text: Studies have shown conflicting results about a possible connection between egg consumption and

text: type two diabetes

text: . A 1999

text: prospective

text: study of over 117,000 people by the

entity_name: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

text: Harvard School of Public Health

text: concluded, in part, that "The apparent increased risk of

text: CHD

text: associated with higher egg consumption among diabetic participants warrants further research."  A 2008 study by the Physicians' Health Study I (1982–2007) and the Women's Health Study (1992–2007) determined the "data suggest that high levels of egg consumption (daily) are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes." However, a study published in 2010 found no link between egg consumption and type 2 diabetes.A meta-analysis from 2013 found that eating 4 eggs per week increased the risk of diabetes by 29%. Another meta-analysis from 2013 also supported the idea that egg consumption may lead to an increased incidence of type two diabetes.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high levels of egg consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increased risk of CHD

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 117,000 people by the Harvard School of Public Health

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Women's Health Study

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 117,000 people by the Harvard School of Public Health

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CHD

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: egg consumption and type two diabetes.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: egg consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: egg consumption and type two diabetes.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: high levels of egg consumption (daily)

text: Habitat destruction has played a key role in extinctions, especially related to tropical forest destruction. Factors contributing to habitat loss are: overconsumption, overpopulation, land use change, deforestation, pollution (air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination) and global warming or climate change.

text: Habitat

text: destruction has played a key role in extinctions, especially related to

entity_name: Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

text: tropical forest

text: destruction. Factors contributing to habitat loss are:

text: overconsumption

text: overpopulation

text: land use change

text: deforestation

text: pollution

text: air pollution

text: water pollution

text: soil contamination

text: ) and

text: global warming

text: or climate change.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: extinctions,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Habitat destruction

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Habitat destruction

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Habitat destruction

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overconsumption, overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: global warming or climate change.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Habitat destruction

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Factors contributing to habitat loss

text: Gaia Movement- Gaia philosophy- Gaia theory (science)- Gaian Greens- Garbology- Garden city movement- Gas-guzzler- Genetic engineering- Genetically modified food- Genetically modified organism- Geneva Protocol- Genotoxic- Genuine Progress Indicator- George W. Bush- Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite- German nuclear energy project- Ghost net- Give-away shop- Glass Recycling- Glassphalt- Gleaning- Gley soil- Global 200- Global 2000- Global 500 Roll of Honour- Global alert- Global Atmosphere Watch- Global Biodiversity Information Facility- Global change- Global Change Research Act- Global climate- Global Climate and Energy Project- Global Climate Coalition- Global climate model- Global cooling- Global dimming- Global Earth Observing System of Systems (GEOSS)- Global Ecolabelling Network- Global economic monoculture- Global Ecovillage Network- Global Energy Network Institute- Global Environment Facility- Global Environment Outlook- Global Greens- Global Greens Charter- Global health- Global Oceanographic Data Archaeology and Rescue Project- Global political monoculture- Global strategic petroleum reserves- Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Program- Global warming- Global warming and agriculture- Global warming controversy- Global warming potential- GLOBCOVER- GLOBE Program- Glossary of climate change- Gobi Desert- Goldman Environmental Prize- Great Lakes Commission- Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory- Great Recycling and Northern Development Canal- Great Smog of 1952- Green accounting- Green Alliance- Green ban- Green belt- Green belt (United Kingdom)- Green Belt Movement- Green building- Green Building (MIT)- Green certificate- Green chemistry- Green computing- Green consumerism- Green design- Green economics- Green energy- Green fertilizer- Green Gross Domestic Product- Green lane- Green lending- Green manure- Green money- Green painting- Green politics- Green Revolution- Green roof- Green syndicalism- Green tags- Green tax shift- Green technology- Green vehicle- Green Zionism- Green Zionist Alliance- GreenFacts- Greenguard Environmental Institute- Greenhouse effect- Greenhouse gas- Greening Australia- Greening Earth Society- Greenland ice core project- Greenpeace- Greenwash- Grey goo- Greywater- Gulf War oil spill

text: Gaia Movement

text: Gaia philosophy

text: Gaia theory (science)

text: Gaian Greens

text: Garbology

text: Garden city movement

text: Gas-guzzler

text: Genetic engineering

text: Genetically modified food

text: Genetically modified organism

text: Geneva Protocol

text: Genotoxic

text: Genuine Progress Indicator

text: George W. Bush

entity_name: Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

text: Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

text: German nuclear energy project

text: Ghost net

text: Give-away shop

text: Glass Recycling

text: Glassphalt

text: Gleaning

text: Gley soil

text: Global 200

text: Global 2000

text: Global 500 Roll of Honour

text: Global alert

text: Global Atmosphere Watch

entity_name: Global Biodiversity Information Facility

text: Global Biodiversity Information Facility

text: Global change

text: Global Change Research Act

text: Global climate

text: Global Climate and Energy Project

text: Global Climate Coalition

text: Global climate model

text: Global cooling

text: Global dimming

entity_name: Global Earth Observation System of Systems

text: Global Earth Observing System of Systems (GEOSS)

text: Global Ecolabelling Network

text: Global economic monoculture

text: Global Ecovillage Network

text: Global Energy Network Institute

text: Global Environment Facility

text: Global Environment Outlook

text: Global Greens

text: Global Greens Charter

text: Global health

entity_name: Global Oceanographic Data Archaeology and Rescue Project

text: Global Oceanographic Data Archaeology and Rescue Project

text: Global political monoculture

text: Global strategic petroleum reserves

entity_name: Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Program

text: Global Temperature-Salinity Profile Program

text: Global warming

text: Global warming and agriculture

text: Global warming controversy

text: Global warming potential

text: GLOBCOVER

text: GLOBE Program

text: Glossary of climate change

text: Gobi Desert

text: Goldman Environmental Prize

text: Great Lakes Commission

entity_name: Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory

text: Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory

entity_name: Great Recycling and Northern Development Canal

text: Great Recycling and Northern Development Canal

text: Great Smog of 1952

text: Green accounting

text: Green Alliance

text: Green ban

text: Green belt

text: Green belt (United Kingdom)

text: Green Belt Movement

text: Green building

text: Green Building (MIT)

text: Green certificate

text: Green chemistry

text: Green computing

text: Green consumerism

text: Green design

text: Green economics

text: Green energy

text: Green fertilizer

text: Green Gross Domestic Product

text: Green lane

text: Green lending

text: Green manure

text: Green money

text: Green painting

text: Green politics

text: Green Revolution

text: Green roof

text: Green syndicalism

entity_name: Renewable Energy Certificate (United States)

text: Green tags

text: Green tax shift

text: Green technology

text: Green vehicle

text: Green Zionism

text: Green Zionist Alliance

text: GreenFacts

text: Greenguard Environmental Institute

text: Greenhouse effect

text: Greenhouse gas

text: Greening Australia

text: Greening Earth Society

text: Greenland ice core project

text: Greenpeace

text: Greenwash

text: Grey goo

text: Greywater

text: Gulf War oil spill

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Global poverty

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Greenland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Global water crisis

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Gulf War oil

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumerism

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Green roof- Green syndicalism-

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Green accounting-

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Global economic monoculture-

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Green accounting-

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Greenhouse gas-

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Global warming-

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Global warming-

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Green accounting-

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Green consumerism-

text: According to the double diversion hypothesis, the emphasis on overall or average levels of individual impacts, which many 20th century authors stressed, ultimately missed the importance of the disproportionate impacts that economic outliers can have on the environment.  According to Lisa Berry, “For societies where a small fraction of the population consumes many more resources or produces much more pollution than other members, the I = PAT model fails to communicate the vast differences in resource consumption that exist within groups.”   traces this emphasis to the fact that most scientists are trained to focus on statistical means.  However, according to the double diversion hypothesis, rather than being discarded, the extreme cases need to be the focus of the debate.

text: According to the double diversion hypothesis, the emphasis on overall or average levels of individual impacts, which many 20th century authors stressed, ultimately missed the importance of the disproportionate impacts that economic outliers can have on the environment.  According to

text: Lisa Berry

text: , “For societies where a small fraction of the population consumes many more resources or produces much more

text: pollution

text: than other members, the I = PAT model fails to communicate the vast differences in resource consumption that exist within groups.”   traces this emphasis to the fact that most scientists are trained to focus on statistical means.  However, according to the double diversion hypothesis, rather than being discarded, the extreme cases need to be the focus of the debate.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: disproportionate impacts

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: polluted

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a small fraction of the population

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: disproportionate impacts that economic outliers can have on the environment.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: average levels of individual impacts,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: economic outliers

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: double diversion hypothesis,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: pollution than other members,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: economic outliers

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: double diversion hypothesis,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a small fraction of the population consumes many more resources

text: Industrial customers are also providing demand response. Compared with commercial and residential loads, industrial loads have the following advantages: the magnitude of power consumption by an industrial manufacturing plant and the change in power it can provide are generally very large; besides, the industrial plants usually already have the infrastructures for control, communication and market participation, which enables the provision of demand response; moreover, some industrial plants such as the aluminum smelter are able to offer fast and accurate adjustments in their power consumption. For example, Alcoa's Warrick Operation is participating in MISO as a qualified Demand Response Resource, and the Trimet Aluminium uses its smelter as a short-term mega-battery.

text: Industrial customers are also providing demand response. Compared with commercial and residential loads, industrial loads have the following advantages: the magnitude of power consumption by an industrial manufacturing plant and the change in power it can provide are generally very large; besides, the industrial plants usually already have the infrastructures for control, communication and market participation, which enables the provision of demand response; moreover, some industrial plants such as the aluminum smelter are able to offer fast and accurate adjustments in their power consumption. For example, Alcoa's Warrick Operation is participating in MISO as a qualified Demand Response Resource, and the Trimet Aluminium uses its smelter as a short-term mega-battery.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: industrial customers providing demand response

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: industrial

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: residential loads

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Industrial customers are also providing demand response.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Industrial customers are also providing demand response.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: commercial and residential loads,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Industrial customers are also providing demand response.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Industrial customers are also providing demand response.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Industrial customers are also providing demand response.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: power consumption by an industrial manufacturing plant

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Industrial customers are also providing demand response.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: commercial and residential loads,

text: Environmental issues in Haiti include a severe deforestation problem, overpopulation, a lack of sanitation, natural disasters, and food insecurity. A major reason for these environmental issues is that there is not sufficient protection or management of the country's natural resources. Other environmental issues, such as decreases in precipitation and more severe natural disasters, will likely arise in Haiti as a result of climate change. Experts agree that Haiti needs to adopt new policies to address both the issues that already exist and to prepare for the effects of climate change.

text: Environmental issues in Haiti include a severe deforestation problem, overpopulation, a lack of sanitation, natural disasters, and food insecurity. A major reason for these environmental issues is that there is not sufficient protection or management of the country's natural resources. Other environmental issues, such as decreases in precipitation and more severe natural disasters, will likely arise in Haiti as a result of climate change. Experts agree that Haiti needs to adopt new policies to address both the issues that already exist and to prepare for the effects of climate change.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Haiti

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: food insecurity.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Haiti include a severe deforestation problem, overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Haiti

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Haiti

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: deforestation problem, overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: there is not sufficient protection or management of the country's natural resources.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: food insecurity.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: In 1989, in parallel with the introduction of stricter national water efficiency standards for household appliances, Mexico City launched an ambitious program to replace conventional toilets (using 16 liters) with 6-liter models, replacing 350,000 toilets by 1991. The program also included a large-scale public information campaign and an increase in water tariffs. The impact of the program is difficult to assess, since available figures on water consumption are difficult to compare over the years, because it is not clear whether they include water losses or not and whether they refer only to residential consumption or total consumption.

text: In 1989, in parallel with the introduction of stricter national water efficiency standards for household appliances, Mexico City launched an ambitious program to replace conventional toilets (using 16 liters) with 6-liter models, replacing 350,000 toilets by 1991. The program also included a large-scale public information campaign and an increase in water tariffs. The impact of the program is difficult to assess, since available figures on water consumption are difficult to compare over the years, because it is not clear whether they include water losses or not and whether they refer only to residential consumption or total consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Mexico City

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: water losses

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: residential consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: The impact of the program is difficult to assess,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: available figures on water consumption are difficult to compare over the years,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Mexico City

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 350,000 toilets by 1991.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: water losses

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 1989, in parallel with the introduction of stricter national water efficiency standards

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: stricter national water efficiency standards

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Mexico City launched an ambitious program to replace conventional toilets

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: total consumption.

text: One presumed factor arising from excessive consumption of coconut water is an over-abundance of potassium in the blood (hyperkalemia), inducing acute kidney failure, heart arrhythmia, loss of consciousness and eventually death.

text: One presumed factor arising from excessive consumption of coconut water is an over-abundance of

text: potassium

text: in the blood (

text: hyperkalemia

text: ), inducing

text: acute kidney failure

text: , heart

text: arrhythmia

text: , loss of

text: consciousness

text: and eventually death.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: coconut water

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unnamed

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: coconut water

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: death.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: One presumed factor arising from excessive consumption of coconut water

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: One presumed factor arising from excessive consumption of coconut water

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: One presumed factor arising from excessive consumption of coconut water

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: death.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: One presumed factor arising from excessive consumption of coconut water

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: excessive consumption of coconut water

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: coconut water

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: coconut water

text: In general, over-consumption refers to the long-term consumption of excess sustenance in relation to the energy that an organism expends or expels, leading to poor health and, in animals, obesity. It can cause excessive hair loss, brittle nails, and irregular premenstrual cycles for females.

text: In general, over-consumption refers to the long-term consumption of excess sustenance in relation to the energy that an organism expends or expels, leading to poor health and, in animals,

text: obesity

text: . It can cause excessive hair loss, brittle nails, and irregular premenstrual cycles for females.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: obesity

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: obesity

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the long-term consumption of excess

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: obesity.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: obesity.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: the long-term consumption of excess sustenance

text: AYP is an economically important plant pathogen both in agricultural and nursery industries. A 25% reduction in carrot yield is common, with losses reaching 80% on occasion.   AYP causes symptoms that make the infected carrots unmarketable.  In processed carrots, the presence of 15% of aster yellows-infected carrots results in a rejection of the entire product due to their distasteful flavor.  The deformation of flowers and reproductive structures causes seed not to form. This can be a problem in crops grown for seed for replanting purposes, or for consumption, such as coriander or caraway.  Root stunting can also result in loss of biannual crops over winter.

text: AYP is an economically important plant pathogen both in agricultural and nursery industries. A 25% reduction in carrot yield is common, with losses reaching 80% on occasion.   AYP causes symptoms that make the infected carrots unmarketable.  In processed carrots, the presence of 15% of aster yellows-infected carrots results in a rejection of the entire product due to their distasteful flavor.  The deformation of flowers and reproductive structures causes seed not to form. This can be a problem in crops grown for seed for replanting purposes, or for consumption, such as coriander or caraway.  Root stunting can also result in loss of biannual crops over winter.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Aster Yellows

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: AYP

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: AYP

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: AYP is an economically important plant pathogen both in agricultural and nursery industries.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: AYP

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: AYP

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: AYP

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: AYP

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: AYP is an economically important plant pathogen

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: AYP

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: AYP

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: coriander or caraway.

text: The random walk model of consumption was introduced by economist Robert Hall. This model uses the Euler equation to model consumption. He created his consumption theory in response to the Lucas critique. Using Euler equations to model the random walk of consumption has become the dominant approach to modeling consumption.

text: The

text: random walk

text: model of consumption was introduced by economist

text: Robert Hall

text: . This model uses the

entity_name: List of things named after Leonhard Euler

text: Euler equation

text: to model

text: consumption

text: . He created his consumption theory in response to the

text: Lucas critique

text: . Using Euler equations to model the random walk of consumption has become the dominant approach to modeling consumption.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the random walk model of consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption that is not necessary

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: dominant approach to modeling consumption.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The random walk model of consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The random walk model of consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The random walk model of consumption was introduced by economist Robert Hall.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The random walk model of consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The random walk model of consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The random walk model of consumption was introduced by economist Robert Hall.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption

text: The InterAcademy Panel Statement on Population Growth, circa 1994, has stated that many environmental problems, such as rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide and its effect on global warming, and pollution, are aggravated by the population growth. Other problems associated with overpopulation include the increased demand for resources such as fresh water and food, starvation and malnutrition, consumption of natural resources (such as fossil fuels) faster than the rate of regeneration, and a deterioration in living conditions. However, some believe that waste and over-consumption, especially by wealthy nations, is putting more strain on the environment than overpopulation.

text: The

text: InterAcademy Panel Statement on Population Growth

text: , circa 1994, has stated that many environmental problems, such as rising levels of

text: atmospheric carbon dioxide

text: and its effect on

text: global warming

text: , and

text: pollution

text: , are aggravated by the population growth. Other problems associated with overpopulation include the increased demand for resources such as fresh water and food,

text: starvation

text: and

text: malnutrition

text: , consumption of natural resources (such as

text: fossil fuels

text: ) faster than the rate of regeneration, and a deterioration in living conditions. However, some believe that

text: waste

text: and

text: over-consumption

text: , especially by wealthy nations, is putting more strain on the environment than overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: waste

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global warming,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: InterAcademy Panel Statement on Population Growth,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: increased demand for resources such as fresh water and food,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: fresh water and food,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: waste

text: The number of cattle in South Africa increased from roughly 1 million in 1994 to around 14.1 million in 2010.  Beef consumption increased by 20% between 2000 and 2009.  From 2007-2015 chicken consumption increased by over 5% and pig consumption by 4% per year.  According to a 2013 source, roughly 1 billion chickens are slaughtered each year in South Africa.

text: The number of cattle in South Africa increased from roughly 1 million in 1994 to around 14.1 million in 2010.  Beef consumption increased by 20% between 2000 and 2009.  From 2007-2015 chicken consumption increased by over 5% and pig consumption by 4% per year.  According to a 2013 source, roughly 1 billion chickens are slaughtered each year in South Africa.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: chicken consumption increased by over 5%

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste product

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Beef consumption increased by 20%

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 14.1 million in 2010.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 4% per year.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: South Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 1 billion chickens are slaughtered each year in South Africa.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: roughly 1 billion chickens are slaughtered each year in South Africa.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Beef consumption increased by 20% between 2000 and 2009.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Beef consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: roughly 1 billion chickens are slaughtered each year in South Africa.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: chicken consumption increased by over 5%

text: As Denmark continues to install additional capacity, they continue to set new production records. This is a natural consequence of capacity growth.  On July 9, 2015, in the evening, unusually strong wind conditions resulted in 116% of national electricity consumption being produced by wind farms and at 3AM the next morning at low demand, wind production exceeded 140% of current demand.

text: As Denmark continues to install additional capacity, they continue to set new production records. This is a natural consequence of capacity growth.  On July 9, 2015, in the evening, unusually strong wind conditions resulted in 116% of national electricity consumption being produced by wind farms and at 3AM the next morning at low demand, wind production exceeded 140% of current demand.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a natural consequence

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Denmark

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wind farms

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 116% of national electricity consumption being produced by wind farms

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: capacity growth.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Denmark

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: As Denmark continues to install additional capacity,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: a natural consequence of capacity growth.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Denmark continues to install additional capacity, they continue to set new production records.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: capacity growth.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: As Denmark

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: wind production exceeded 140% of current demand.

text: The Chinese government takes these restrictions even further by restriction of movement within their own borders. Workers in rural areas must obtain permission to obtain work at factories within urban areas. Many rural citizens, especially young men, facing lack of education and other services that are provided free of charge to people living in cities and urban areas, choose to obtain under-the-table work in urban areas where there are labor shortages, leading to an illegal immigration problem within the country. These restrictions are not for the political reasons other regimes have used, but to maintain the central government planned economy and "caste" system that seeks to retain the knowledge and skills needed in different fields of the economy: Agriculture, Industry, Fishing, etc. One belief is that China is trying to reduce overpopulation of urban areas and avoid the loss of specialized skills usually passed from generation to generation in the traditional fields. (A good example of this loss of skill can be seen in the U.S. where migrant farmers, usually from Mexico or other South American countries, are employed because of a shortage of locals with necessary knowledge to cultivate and harvest produce still willing to work in such jobs.)

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: China's economic growth

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: rural areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: illegal immigration problem within the country

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation of urban areas

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: illegal immigration problem

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Chinese government takes these restrictions even further by restriction of movement within their own borders.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: rural areas

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Chinese government takes these restrictions even further by restriction of movement within their own borders.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: illegal immigration

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: China is trying to reduce overpopulation of urban areas

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation of urban areas and avoid the loss of specialized skills

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Chinese government takes these restrictions even further by restriction of movement within their own borders.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation of urban areas

text: There are several mitigation measures that have been or can be applied to reduce overpopulation. All of these mitigations are ways to implement social norms. Overpopulation is an issue that threatens the state of the environment in the above-mentioned ways and therefore societies must make a change in order to reverse some of the environmental effects brought on by current social norms. In societies like China, the government has put policies in place that regulate the number of children allowed to a couple. Other societies have already begun to implement social marketing strategies in order to educate the public on overpopulation effects. "The intervention can be widespread and done at a low cost. A variety of print materials (flyers, brochures, fact sheets, stickers) needs to be produced and distributed throughout the communities such as at local places of worship, sporting events, local food markets, schools and at car parks (taxis / bus stands)."

text: There are several mitigation measures that have been or can be applied to reduce overpopulation. All of these mitigations are ways to implement social norms. Overpopulation is an issue that threatens the state of the environment in the above-mentioned ways and therefore societies must make a change in order to reverse some of the environmental effects brought on by current social norms. In societies like China, the government has put policies in place that regulate the number of children allowed to a couple. Other societies have already begun to implement social marketing strategies in order to educate the public on overpopulation effects. "The intervention can be widespread and done at a low cost. A variety of print materials (flyers, brochures, fact sheets, stickers) needs to be produced and distributed throughout the communities such as at local places of worship, sporting events, local food markets, schools and at car parks (taxis / bus stands)."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

text: Ecological Debt has been used to describe the consumption of resources from within an ecosystem that exceeds the system's regenerative capacity.  This is seen in particular in non-renewable resources wherein consumption outstrips production. In a general sense, it can be used to refer to the overall depletion of global resources beyond the Earth's ability to regenerate them. The concept in this sense is based on the bio-physical carrying capacity of an ecosystem; through measuring ecological footprints human society can determine the rate at which it is depleting natural resources. Ultimately, the imperative of sustainability requires human society to live within the means of the ecological system to support life over the long term. Ecological debt is a feature of unsustainable economic systems.

text: Ecological Debt has been used to describe the consumption of resources from within an ecosystem that exceeds the system's regenerative capacity.  This is seen in particular in

text: non-renewable resource

text: s wherein consumption outstrips production. In a general sense, it can be used to refer to the overall depletion of global resources beyond the Earth's ability to regenerate them. The concept in this sense is based on the bio-physical

text: carrying capacity

text: of an ecosystem; through measuring

text: ecological footprints

text: human society can determine the rate at which it is depleting natural resources. Ultimately, the imperative of

text: sustainability

text: requires human society to live within the means of the ecological system to support life over the long term. Ecological debt is a feature of unsustainable economic systems.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Ecological Debt

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Africa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Ecological Debt

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unsustainable economic systems

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What is the imperative of sustainability?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Ecological Debt

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Ecological debt is a feature of unsustainable economic systems.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Ecological Debt

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Ecological Debt

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Ecological Debt

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Ecological Debt

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: non-renewable resources wherein consumption outstrips production.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: depletion of global resources

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Ecological Debt

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: exceeds the system's regenerative capacity.

text: High levels of conspicuous consumption may be seen as socially undesirable on two grounds; firstly, as it is often associated with high relative income, high levels of conspicuous consumption may be an indicator of high levels of income inequality, which may be found intrinsically or instrumentally objectionable; secondly conspicuous consumption differs from other forms of consumption in that the main reason for the purchase of positional goods is not due to the additional direct utility provided by the goods alleged high quality, but rather the social prestige associated with the consumption of that good. One downside of this search for status is that individual purchases of positional goods may at a social level be self-defeating due to external effects. In this case, the externality is status anxiety, the loss of social status suffered by people whose stock of high-status goods (positional goods) is diminished, in relation to the stocks of other conspicuous consumers, as they increase their consumption of high-status goods and services; effectively, status-seeking is a zero-sum game—by definition, the rise of one person in the social hierarchy can occur only at the expense of other people. Therefore, the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods and services (positional goods) is an economic loss—like competitive military spending (an arms race),  wherein each country must match the military expenditures of other countries in the arms race, or suffer a loss of relative military power. In the case of conspicuous consumption, taxes upon luxury goods diminish societal expenditures on high-status goods, by rendering them more expensive than non-positional goods. In this sense, luxury taxes can be seen as a market failure correcting  Pigovian tax—with an apparent negative deadweight loss, these taxes are a  more efficient mechanism for increasing revenue than 'distorting' labour or capital taxes.

text: High levels of conspicuous consumption may be seen as socially undesirable on two grounds; firstly, as it is often associated with high relative income, high levels of conspicuous consumption may be an indicator of high levels of income inequality, which may be found intrinsically or instrumentally objectionable; secondly conspicuous consumption differs from other forms of consumption in that the main reason for the purchase of

text: positional good

text: s is not due to the additional direct utility provided by the goods alleged high quality, but rather the social prestige associated with the consumption of that good. One downside of this search for status is that individual purchases of positional goods may at a social level be self-defeating due to external effects. In this case, the

text: externality

text: is

text: status anxiety

text: , the loss of social status suffered by people whose stock of high-status goods (positional goods) is diminished, in relation to the stocks of other conspicuous consumers, as they increase their consumption of high-status goods and services; effectively, status-seeking is a

text: zero-sum game

text: —by definition, the rise of one person in the

text: social hierarchy

text: can occur only at the expense of other people. Therefore, the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods and services (positional goods) is an economic loss—like competitive military spending (an arms race),  wherein each country must match the military expenditures of other countries in the arms race, or suffer a loss of relative military power. In the case of conspicuous consumption, taxes upon luxury goods diminish societal expenditures on high-status goods, by rendering them more expensive than non-positional goods. In this sense, luxury taxes can be seen as a

text: market failure

text: correcting

text: Pigovian tax

text: —with an apparent negative

text: deadweight loss

text: , these taxes are a  more efficient mechanism for increasing revenue than 'distorting' labour or capital taxes.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: high levels of income inequality

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: high levels of income inequality

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: status anxiety

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: High levels of conspicuous consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: high levels of income inequality,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: one person in the social hierarchy can occur only at the expense of other people.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: High levels of conspicuous consumption

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: person in the social hierarchy can occur only at the expense of other people.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Pig

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: only at the expense of other people.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: luxury taxes

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: at the expense of other people. Therefore, the conspicuous consumption

text: Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. Point source pollution occurs when there is a single, identifiable, and localized source of the pollution. An example is directly discharging sewage and industrial waste into the ocean.  Pollution such as this occurs particularly in developing nations. Nonpoint source pollution occurs when the pollution comes from ill-defined and diffuse sources. These can be difficult to regulate. Agricultural runoff and wind blown debris are prime examples.

text: Pollution is often classed as

text: point source

text: or

text: nonpoint source pollution

text: . Point source pollution occurs when there is a single, identifiable, and localized source of the pollution. An example is directly discharging sewage and industrial waste into the ocean.  Pollution such as this occurs particularly in developing nations. Nonpoint source pollution occurs when the pollution comes from ill-defined and diffuse sources. These can be difficult to regulate. Agricultural

text: runoff

text: and wind blown

text: debris

text: are prime examples.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing nations

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Point source pollution

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: developing nations.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Point source pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: sewage

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Nonpoint source pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Point source pollution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Pollution

text: Pollution audits generally take electricity and heating fuel consumption numbers over a two-year period and provide approximations for carbon dioxide, VOCs, nitrous oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, mercury, cadmium, lead, mercury compounds, cadmium compounds and lead compounds.

text: Pollution audits generally take electricity and heating fuel consumption numbers over a two-year period and provide approximations for carbon dioxide, VOCs, nitrous oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, mercury, cadmium, lead, mercury compounds, cadmium compounds and lead compounds.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: pollution audits

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution audits

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Pollution audits

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Pollution audits

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Pollution audits

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: mercury, cadmium,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Pollution audits generally take electricity and heating fuel consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Pollution audits

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: electricity and heating fuel consumption numbers over a two-year period

text: Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same. Consequently, India is home to more vegetarians than any other country. About 30% of India's 1.2 billion population practices lacto vegetarianism, with overall meat consumption increasing. The per capita meat consumption in India in 2002 was 5.2 kg, while it was 24 times more in the United States at 124.8 kg. Meat consumption in the United States and India grew at about 40% over the last 50 years. In 1961 Indian per capita meat consumption was 3.7 kg, while the US consumption was 89.2 kg.

text: Most

text: Indian religions

text: have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same. Consequently,

text: India

text: is home to more vegetarians than any other country. About 30% of India's 1.2 billion population practices lacto vegetarianism, with overall meat consumption increasing. The per capita meat consumption in India in 2002 was 5.2 kg, while it was 24 times more in the United States at 124.8 kg. Meat consumption in the United States and India grew at about 40% over the last 50 years. In 1961 Indian per capita meat consumption was 3.7 kg, while the US consumption was 89.2 kg.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: India being home to more vegetarians

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: India grew at about 40%

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Meat consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: meat consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: India is home to more vegetarians than any other country.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Meat consumption in the United States and India grew at about 40%

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 30% of India's 1.2 billion population practices lacto vegetarianism,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Meat consumption

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Meat consumption in the United States and India grew at about 40%

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: meat

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The per capita meat consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: meat consumption increasing.

text: The EPA determines what air pollution control technology will be used to control a specific pollutant to a specified limit. When a BACT is determined, factors such as energy consumption, total source emission, regional environmental impact, and economic costs are taken into account. It is the current EPA standard for all polluting sources that fall under the New Source Review guidelines and is determined on a case-by-case basis.

text: The EPA determines what

text: air pollution control technology

text: will be used to control a specific pollutant to a specified limit. When a BACT is determined, factors such as energy consumption, total source emission, regional environmental impact, and economic costs are taken into account. It is the current EPA standard for all polluting sources that fall under the

text: New Source Review

text: guidelines and is determined on a case-by-case basis.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: air pollution control technology

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: air pollution control technology will be used to control a specific pollutant

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: limit.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: regional environmental impact, and economic costs

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: limit.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: total source emission,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: limit.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The EPA

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: energy consumption,

text: Environmental Pollution is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the biological, health, and ecological effects of environmental pollution. It was established in 1980 as two parts: Environmental Pollution Series A: Ecological and Biological and Environmental Pollution Series B: Chemical and Physical. These parts were merged together in 1987 to form the journal under its current title. It is published by Elsevier and the editors-in-chief are David O. Carpenter (University at Albany, SUNY) and Eddy Y. Zeng (Jinan University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 4.143.

text: Environmental Pollution is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the biological, health, and ecological effects of

text: environmental pollution

text: . It was established in 1980 as two parts: Environmental Pollution Series A: Ecological and Biological and Environmental Pollution Series B: Chemical and Physical. These parts were merged together in 1987 to form the journal under its current title. It is published by

text: Elsevier

text: and the

text: editors-in-chief

text: are

text: David O. Carpenter

text: University at Albany, SUNY

text: ) and

text: Eddy Y. Zeng

text: Jinan University

text: ). According to the

text: Journal Citation Reports

text: , the journal has a 2014

text: impact factor

text: of 4.143.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: environmental pollution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 4.143.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2014 impact factor of 4.143.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: SUNY)

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Environmental Pollution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: environmental pollution.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Environmental Pollution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: environmental pollution.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Environmental Pollution

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Environmental Pollution

text: The Population Research Institute (PRI), an anti-abortion, anti-contraception advocacy group, has criticised predictions of overpopulation and attendant resource scarcity, with some describing overpopulation as a "myth". The PRI argues that advances in agricultural, medical, and industrial technology have allowed global economic productivity to keep pace with rising populations despite Malthusian predictions to the contrary. PRI further says that family sizes are naturally declining worldwide due to higher living standards, increased availability of contraception and better economic opportunities for women. However, other commentators have described PRI's arguments on overpopulation as deceptive.

text: The

text: Population Research Institute

text: (PRI), an anti-abortion, anti-contraception advocacy group, has criticised predictions of overpopulation and attendant resource scarcity, with some describing overpopulation as a "myth". The PRI argues that advances in agricultural, medical, and industrial technology have allowed global economic productivity to keep pace with rising populations despite Malthusian predictions to the contrary. PRI further says that family sizes are naturally declining worldwide due to higher living standards, increased availability of

text: contraception

text: and better economic opportunities for women. However, other commentators have described PRI's arguments on overpopulation as deceptive.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global economic productivity to keep pace with rising populations

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Malthusian

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global economic productivity to keep pace with rising populations

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation and attendant resource scarcity

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global economic productivity to keep pace with rising populations

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: family sizes are naturally declining worldwide due to higher living standards,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: resource scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation and attendant resource scarcity,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global economic productivity to keep pace with rising populations

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The Population Research Institute

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Some problems associated with or exacerbated by human overpopulation and over-consumption are:

text: Some problems associated with or exacerbated by human overpopulation and over-consumption are:

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overcrowding

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation and over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation and over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: overpopulation and over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Some problems associated with or exacerbated by human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation and over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation and over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: overpopulation and over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human overpopulation

text: In 1995, Morton published Shelley and the Revolution in Taste: The Body and the Natural World, an extension of the ideas presented in his doctoral dissertation. Investigating how food came to signify ideological outlook in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Morton's book is an attempt at 'green' cultural criticism, whereby bodies and the social or environmental conditions in which they appear are shown to be interrelated. Employing a 'prescriptive' analysis of various Romantic texts, especially Percy Bysshe Shelley's A Vindication of Natural Diet (1813), Morton argues that the figurative rhetorical elements of these texts should be read not simply as clever language play, but as commands to establish consumptive practices that challenge ideological configurations of how the body relates to normativity. For Morton, authoritarian power dynamics, commodity flows, industrial logic, and the distinction between the domains of nature and culture are inhered in the 'discourses of diet' articulated by the Shelleys. In turn, Shelleyan prose regarding forms of consumption, particularly vegetarianism, is read as a call for social reform and figurative discussions of intemperance and intoxication as warnings against tyranny.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: cultural criticism

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: vegetarianism

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: industrial logic

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: intemperance

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: social reform

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Shelley and the Revolution in Taste: The Body and the Natural World,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Shelley and the Revolution in Taste: The Body and the Natural World,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: tyranny.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: food came to signify ideological outlook

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: industrial logic,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Shelley and the Revolution in Taste: The Body and the Natural World,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: intemperance

text: Land loss accelerated for small holders during the Porfiriato as well as indigenous communities. Small holders were further disadvantaged in that they could not get bank loans for their enterprises since the amounts were not worth the expense to the bank of assessing the property.  Molina Enríquez’s work published just prior to the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution had a tremendous impact on the legal framework on land tenure that was codified in Article 27 of the Mexican Constitution of 1917. Peasant mobilization during the Revolution brought about land reform, but the intellectual and legal framework in how it was accomplished is extremely important.

text: Land loss accelerated for small holders during the Porfiriato as well as indigenous communities. Small holders were further disadvantaged in that they could not get bank loans for their enterprises since the amounts were not worth the expense to the bank of assessing the property.  Molina Enríquez’s work published just prior to the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution had a tremendous impact on the legal framework on land tenure that was codified in Article 27 of the

text: Mexican Constitution of 1917

text: . Peasant mobilization during the Revolution brought about land reform, but the intellectual and legal framework in how it was accomplished is extremely important.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: land reform

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Porfiriato

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Land loss

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: land reform

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: not worth the expense

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: land reform,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Land loss accelerated for small holders during the Porfiriato

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Porfiriato

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Land loss accelerated for small holders during the Porfiriato

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Land loss

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: land reform,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Land loss

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Land loss accelerated for small holders during the Porfiriato

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Land loss accelerated for small holders during the Porfiriato

text: The resources to be considered when evaluating whether an ecological niche is overpopulated include clean water, clean air, food, shelter, warmth, and other resources necessary to sustain life. If the quality of human life is addressed, there may be additional resources considered, such as medical care, education, proper sewage treatment, waste disposal and energy supplies. Overpopulation places competitive stress on the basic life sustaining resources, leading to a diminished quality of life.

text: The resources to be considered when evaluating whether an ecological niche is overpopulated include

text: clean water

text: , clean air, food, shelter, warmth, and other resources necessary to sustain life. If the quality of human life is addressed, there may be additional resources considered, such as medical care, education, proper

text: sewage treatment

text: waste disposal

text: and energy supplies. Overpopulation places competitive stress on the basic life sustaining resources, leading to a diminished quality of life.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste disposal

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: diminished quality of life.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: waste disposal

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Overpopulation places competitive stress on the basic life sustaining resources,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Overpopulation places competitive stress on the basic life sustaining resources,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: places competitive stress on the basic life sustaining resources,

text: Ecopop (ECOlogie et POPulation, "Ecology and Population") is a Swiss voluntary association established in 1971 dedicated to the preservation of non-renewable resources and the reduction of overpopulation. Ecopop is a member of European Population Alliance (founded 2012).

text: Ecopop (ECOlogie et POPulation, "Ecology and Population") is a

text: Swiss

text: voluntary association established in 1971 dedicated to the preservation of

text: non-renewable resources

text: and the reduction of

text: overpopulation

text: . Ecopop is a member of European Population Alliance (founded 2012).

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Ecopop

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Switzerland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: European Population Alliance

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Ecopop

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation.

text: As of 2013 the consumption of green tea in India was growing by over 50% a year.

text: As of 2013 the consumption of green tea in India was growing by over 50% a year.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of green tea

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption that is too much

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: consumption of green tea in India was growing by over 50% a year.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: growing by over 50% a year.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: As of 2013 the consumption of green tea in India was growing by over 50%

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: green tea

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the consumption of green tea

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: consumption of green tea

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: As of 2013 the consumption of green tea

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: growing by over 50% a year.

text: Kepler's third is a direct consequence of the second law. Integrating over one revolution gives the orbital period

text: Kepler's third is a direct consequence of the second law. Integrating over one revolution gives the

text: orbital period

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Kepler's third

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: orbital period

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Kepler's third

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Kepler's third

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: orbital period

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Kepler's third

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Kepler's third

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Kepler's third

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Kepler's third

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Kepler's third

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Kepler's third is a direct consequence of the second law.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Kepler's third

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Kepler's third is a direct consequence of the second law.

text: Environmentalism is a broad philosophy, ideology and social movement regarding concerns for environmental conservation and improvement of the health of the environment. Environmentalist concerns with globalization include issues such as global warming, climate change, global water supply and water crises, inequity in energy consumption and energy conservation, transnational air pollution and pollution of the world ocean, overpopulation, world habitat sustainability, deforestation, biodiversity and species extinction.

text: Environmentalism

text: is a broad philosophy, ideology and social movement regarding concerns for environmental

text: conservation

text: and improvement of the health of the

text: environment

text: . Environmentalist concerns with globalization include issues such as

text: global warming

text: climate change

text: , global

text: water supply

text: and

text: water crises

text: , inequity in

text: energy consumption

text: and

text: energy conservation

text: , transnational

text: air pollution

text: and pollution of the

text: world ocean

text: overpopulation

text: , world

text: habitat

text: sustainability

text: deforestation

text: biodiversity

text: and

text: species extinction

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: water crises

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices are mentioned

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: global warming, climate change, global water supply and water crises,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: global water supply and water crises,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: transnational air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Environmentalism

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation,

text: Kuni was selected in 2006 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development as an area for voluntary resettlement for farmers from overpopulated areas. Along with Boke and Darolebu woredas, Kuni became the new home for 3308 families.

text: Kuni was selected in 2006 by the

text: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

text: as an area for voluntary resettlement for farmers from overpopulated areas. Along with Boke and

text: Darolebu

text: woredas, Kuni became the new home for 3308 families.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Kuni

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulated areas

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulated areas

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulated areas

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 3308 families.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Kuni was selected in 2006 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Kuni

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Kuni was selected in 2006 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Kuni was selected in 2006 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulated areas.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulated

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Kuni was selected in 2006 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulated areas.

text: Keller expressed concerns about human overpopulation.

text: Keller expressed concerns about

text: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Asia

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: it is not possible to say

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Keller expressed concerns about human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Keller expressed concerns about human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Keller expressed concerns about human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: human overpopulation.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Keller

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: human

text: One effect of the drought was widespread desertification. Combined with other factors such as overgrazing, poor land management, and overpopulation, the drought led to a substantial increase in barren land, particularly on slopes, due to the comparative difficulty of cultivating sloping land. Uncultivated, the soil experienced increased erosion and compaction.

text: One effect of the drought was widespread

text: desertification

text: . Combined with other factors such as overgrazing, poor land management, and overpopulation, the drought led to a substantial increase in barren land, particularly on slopes, due to the comparative difficulty of cultivating sloping land. Uncultivated, the soil experienced increased

text: erosion

text: and

text: compaction

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: on slopes

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: desertification

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overgrazing

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: desertification.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: slopes,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: One effect of the drought was widespread desertification.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: desertification.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overgrazing, poor land management, and overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overgrazing, poor land management, and overpopulation,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: One effect of the drought was widespread desertification.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overgrazing, poor land management, and overpopulation,

text: Murphy was among those who thought that societal problems like alcoholism, drug abuse and crime resulted from mental deficiencies. In a 1932 article titled "Overpopulation and Birth Control", she states: "over-population [is a] basic problem of all...none of our troubles can even be allayed until this is remedied." As the politics behind the Second World War continued to develop, Murphy, who was a pacifist, theorized that the only reason for war was that nations needed to fight for land to accommodate their growing populations. Her argument was that: if there was population control, people would not need as much land. Without the constant need for more land, war would cease to exist.

text: Murphy was among those who thought that societal problems like alcoholism, drug abuse and crime resulted from mental deficiencies. In a 1932 article titled "Overpopulation and Birth Control", she states: "over-population [is a] basic problem of all...none of our troubles can even be allayed until this is remedied." As the politics behind the

text: Second World War

text: continued to develop, Murphy, who was a

text: pacifist

text: , theorized that the only reason for war was that nations needed to fight for land to accommodate their growing populations. Her argument was that: if there was population control, people would not need as much land. Without the constant need for more land, war would cease to exist.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-population

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: "Overpopulation and Birth Control", she states: "over-population

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: "Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: "Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: "Overpopulation and Birth Control", she states: "over-population

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: "Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: "Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: "Overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: "Overpopulation and Birth Control",

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: "Overpopulation

text: There are several social consequences of an imbalanced sex ratio. High ratios of males make it easier for women to marry, but harder for men. In parts of China and India, there is a 12–15% excess of young men. These men will remain single and will be unable to have families, in societies where marriage is regarded as virtually universal and social status and acceptance depend, in large part, on being married and creating a new family. Analyses of how sex ratio imbalances affect personal consumption and intra-household distribution were pioneered by Gary Becker, Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman, and Marcia Guttentag and Paul Secord. High ratios of males have a positive effect on marital fertility and women's share of household consumption and negative effects on non-marital cohabitation and fertility and women's labor supply. It has been shown that variation in sex ratio over time is inversely related to married women's labor supply in the U.S.

text: There are several social consequences of an imbalanced sex ratio. High ratios of males make it easier for women to marry, but harder for men. In parts of China and India, there is a 12–15% excess of young men. These men will remain single and will be unable to have families, in societies where marriage is regarded as virtually universal and social status and acceptance depend, in large part, on being married and creating a new family. Analyses of how sex ratio imbalances affect personal consumption and intra-household distribution were pioneered by

text: Gary Becker

text: Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman

text: , and Marcia Guttentag and Paul Secord. High ratios of males have a positive effect on marital fertility and women's share of household consumption and negative effects on non-marital cohabitation and fertility and women's labor supply. It has been shown that variation in sex ratio over time is inversely related to married women's labor supply in the U.S.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: How many million people do not have enough clean water for drinking?

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Which of the following is not a basic human necessity?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: personal consumption and intra-household distribution

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 12–15% excess of young men.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: imbalanced sex ratio.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: China and India,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: There are several social consequences of an imbalanced sex ratio.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: High ratios of males have a positive effect on marital fertility

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 12–15% excess of young men.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalanced sex ratio.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: imbalanced sex ratio.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: personal consumption

text: The empire was a "Lesser German" solution (in German, "kleindeutsche Lösung") to the question of uniting all German-speaking peoples into one state, because it excluded Austria, which remained connected to Hungary and whose territories included non-German populations. On 18 January 1871 (the 170th anniversary of the coronation of King Frederick I), William was proclaimed "German Emperor" (not "Emperor of Germany") in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles outside Paris, while the French capital was still under siege.

text: The empire was a "Lesser German" solution (in German, "

text: kleindeutsche Lösung

text: ") to the question of uniting all German-speaking peoples into one state, because it excluded Austria, which remained connected to

text: Hungary

text: and whose territories included non-German populations. On 18 January 1871 (the 170th anniversary of the coronation of King

text: Frederick I

text: ), William was proclaimed "German

text: Emperor

text: " (not "Emperor of Germany") in the

text: Hall of Mirrors

text: at

text: Versailles

text: outside Paris, while

text: the French capital was still under siege

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hungary

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: non-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: uniting all German-speaking peoples into one state,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The empire was a "Lesser German"

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Hungary

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The empire was a "Lesser German"

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: The empire was a "Lesser German"

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: uniting all German-speaking peoples into one state,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: The empire was a "Lesser German"

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The empire was a "Lesser German"

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: non-German populations.

text: • 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup.

text: • 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Fife and Lothians Junior cup

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Fife

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evaporation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: • 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: over-consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Fife and Lothians

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: context: • 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 2013–14 Fife and Lothians Junior cup.

text: In 2014, New Zealand consumed a total of 39,644 GWh of electricity. Industrial consumption made up 37% of that figure, agricultural consumption made up 7%, commercial consumption made up 24%, and residential consumption made up 32%. There were just over 1,964,000 connections to the national electricity network in 2014, with 87% being residential connections.

text: In 2014, New Zealand consumed a total of 39,644 GWh of electricity. Industrial consumption made up 37% of that figure, agricultural consumption made up 7%, commercial consumption made up 24%, and residential consumption made up 32%. There were just over 1,964,000 connections to the national electricity network in 2014, with 87% being residential connections.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: new zealand

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: New Zealand

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 7%

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: industrial consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Residential consumption made up 32%

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 1,964,000 connections to the national electricity network

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: In 2014,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: New Zealand

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: In 2014,

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: New Zealand

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 7%,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Industrial consumption

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: New Zealand

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Industrial consumption

text: Logging and mining activities have contributed to the "alarming rate" of pollution of East Kalimantan’s Mahakam River. Tests of water pollutants showed levels increased sharply between 2009 and 2011. Despite the growing pollution, it is claimed that "the water is basically still safe for consumption."

text: Logging and mining activities have contributed to the "alarming rate" of pollution of East Kalimantan’s Mahakam River. Tests of water pollutants showed levels increased sharply between 2009 and 2011. Despite the growing pollution, it is claimed that "the water is basically still safe for consumption."

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: East Kalimantan

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Logging and mining activities

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: not enough

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: "the water is basically still safe for consumption."

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2011.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: East Kalimantan’s

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Tests of water pollutants showed levels increased sharply between 2009 and 2011.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Logging and mining activities

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Logging and mining activities

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Logging and mining activities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: pollution

text: Capitalism gives the greatest priority to consumption. It in fact considers consumption as the driving force of economic development. Ever increasing consumption or consumerism is accorded the topmost priority. This unrestricted consumption of resources advocated by the western economists, has resulted in serious degradation of the Earth’s environment. Deforestation, extinction of wild life, air and water pollution, ocean pollution, global warming, and so on are the different manifestations of environmental pollution, which is threatening the very survival of life on Earth.Bharatiya view on consumption is in total contrast to the western view. Our scriptures have always advocated restraint on consumption. In fact Ishavasya upanishat clearly states,

text: Capitalism gives the greatest priority to consumption. It in fact considers consumption as the driving force of economic development. Ever increasing consumption or consumerism is accorded the topmost priority. This unrestricted consumption of resources advocated by the western economists, has resulted in serious degradation of the Earth’s environment. Deforestation, extinction of wild life, air and water pollution, ocean pollution, global warming, and so on are the different manifestations of environmental pollution, which is threatening the very survival of life on Earth.Bharatiya view on consumption is in total contrast to the western view. Our scriptures have always advocated restraint on consumption. In fact Ishavasya upanishat clearly states,

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unrestricted consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: western

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Deforestation

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Deforestation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What is the most basic human necessity?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumerism

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: serious degradation of the Earth’s environment.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: restraint on consumption.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Earth.Bharatiya

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: restraint on consumption.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Deforestation,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air and water pollution, ocean pollution, global warming,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: restraint on consumption.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Ever increasing consumption

text: The station is administered and broadcasts from its studios in Marsa.

text: The station is administered and broadcasts from its studios in

text: Marsa

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Marsa being able to broadcast

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Marsa

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of too much food

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Marsa.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Marsa.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Marsa.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Marsa.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Marsa.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Marsa.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: Marsa.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Marsa.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Marsa.

text: Because of overpopulation and increasingly smaller land-holdings, many Swabians sought land in the Western Hemisphere, especially in the 19th century. Swabian settlements can be found in Brazil, Canada, and the United States. Among the Germans who emigrated to the United States in the 19th century, Swabians in some areas maintained their regional identity and formed organizations for mutual support.

text: Because of overpopulation and increasingly smaller land-holdings, many Swabians sought land in the Western Hemisphere, especially in the 19th century. Swabian settlements can be found in

text: Brazil

text: Canada

text: , and the

text: United States

text: . Among the Germans who emigrated to the United States in the 19th century, Swabians in some areas maintained their regional identity and formed organizations for mutual support.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Swabian settlements

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Swabian settlements can be found in Brazil,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: increasingly smaller land-holdings,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Brazil, Canada, and the United States.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Because of overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Swabians sought land in the Western Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: many Swabians sought land in the Western Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: overpopulation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Swabians sought land in the Western Hemisphere,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: overpopulation

text: Towards the final years Reeve Burgess developed an aluminium framed bus that went on to be built by Plaxtons as the Pointer on Dennis Dart chassis.

text: Towards the final years Reeve Burgess developed an aluminium framed bus that went on to be built by Plaxtons as the

text: Pointer

text: on

text: Dennis Dart

text: chassis.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a change in the way people live

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Northern Ireland

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consumption of more than one item

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: aluminium framed bus

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Towards the final years Reeve Burgess

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Towards the final years Reeve Burgess

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Towards the final years Reeve Burgess

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: aluminium framed bus

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: aluminium framed bus

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: aluminium

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Pointer on Dennis Dart

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: aluminium framed bus

text: Sgt. Slaughter led two G.I. Joe special teams. One was the Renegades, a mercenary-type group that partakes in highly sensitive, bottom drawer-classified missions for the United States. They included former football thug David "Red Dog" Taputapu, circus performer/Interpol agent Varujan "Taurus" Ayvazyan, and ex-Cobra Viper Felix "Mercer" Stratton. Falcon was with them unofficially after being court martialed as punishment in the animated movie.

text: Sgt. Slaughter led two G.I. Joe special teams. One was the Renegades, a mercenary-type group that partakes in highly sensitive, bottom drawer-classified missions for the United States. They included former football thug David "

entity_name: List of G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero characters (M–R)

text: Red Dog

text: " Taputapu, circus performer/

text: Interpol

text: agent Varujan "

entity_name: List of G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero characters (S–Z)

text: Taurus

text: " Ayvazyan, and ex-Cobra Viper Felix "

text: Mercer

text: " Stratton. Falcon was with them unofficially after being court martialed as punishment in the animated movie.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: None of the above choices

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming too much of something

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: football thug David "Red Dog" Taputapu,

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: bottom drawer-classified missions for the United States.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: bottom drawer-classified missions for the United States.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: bottom drawer-classified missions for the United States.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: bottom drawer-classified missions for the United States.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: bottom drawer-classified missions for the United States.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: bottom drawer-classified missions for the United States.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: bottom drawer-classified missions for the United States.

text: The consumption of sugar sweetened beverages has increased over the years; this includes caffeinated and un-caffeinated drinks. The rise in consumption of soft drinks is due to the current convenience, availability, and accessibility of sugar sweetened beverages today. Over these years an increase in concern and action towards the accessibility of sugar sweetened beverages have been taken through policy. Government officials and doctors alike have responded to the increase in sugar sweetened beverages and its health effects. Internists have further discussed adding extreme sugar sweetened beverages consumption to the list of usual questions about alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs that lead to hypokalemia. Although low potassium levels are tolerated in healthy adults, as cola consumption increases things like obesity, hypertension, and diabetes can be developed from hypokalemia.

text: The consumption of sugar sweetened beverages has increased over the years; this includes caffeinated and un-caffeinated drinks. The rise in consumption of soft drinks is due to the current convenience, availability, and accessibility of sugar sweetened beverages today. Over these years an increase in concern and action towards the accessibility of sugar sweetened beverages have been taken through policy. Government officials and doctors alike have responded to the increase in sugar sweetened beverages and its health effects. Internists have further discussed adding extreme sugar sweetened beverages consumption to the list of usual questions about alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs that lead to hypokalemia. Although low potassium levels are tolerated in healthy adults, as cola consumption increases things like obesity, hypertension, and diabetes can be developed from hypokalemia.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are the basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: sugar sweetened beverages consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: increase in concern and action towards the accessibility of sugar sweetened beverages

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: The consumption of sugar sweetened beverages has increased over the years;

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The consumption of sugar sweetened beverages

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: The consumption of sugar sweetened beverages

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: hypokalemia.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: current convenience, availability, and accessibility of sugar sweetened beverages

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs that lead to hypokalemia.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: The consumption of sugar sweetened beverages

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: extreme sugar sweetened beverages consumption

text: is known and

text: is known and

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a revolution in agriculture

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: is known

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: known

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: it is known as the green revolution

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: evaporation

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: known

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: eating too much food

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: known

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: known

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: known

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: known

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: known

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: known

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: known

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: known

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: is known

text: In its review of the second season, IGN felt despite a few middling episodes and the restrictions of a TV budget, "[the series] turned out to be intelligent, complex and consistently operated on a deeper emotional level than anyone could have expected." Looking back on the series, Alan Sepinwall of The Star-Ledger was disappointed by Sarah and John as well as the sluggish pace of the show; however, he felt these weaknesses were outweighed by the strength of the performances of Summer Glau, Brian Austin Green and Garret Dillahunt as well as the writers' commitment to showing the emotional toll on the characters. Commenting on the final episode of season two, he called it a "terrific" finale which took the show in a new potential-filled direction. In May 2009 the show won the E!Online "Save One Show" poll, and has received positive coverage from places such as Wired and CNN. In an effort to keep the series on the air, fans created support communities on Facebook and MySpace and uploaded videos to YouTube. Creator Josh Friedman confirmed to CliqueClack that he has vowed to never reveal how the series would have progressed or ended.

text: In its review of the second season,

text: IGN

text: felt despite a few middling episodes and the restrictions of a TV budget, "[the series] turned out to be intelligent, complex and consistently operated on a deeper emotional level than anyone could have expected." Looking back on the series, Alan Sepinwall of

text: The Star-Ledger

text: was disappointed by Sarah and John as well as the sluggish pace of the show; however, he felt these weaknesses were outweighed by the strength of the performances of Summer Glau, Brian Austin Green and Garret Dillahunt as well as the writers' commitment to showing the emotional toll on the characters. Commenting on the final episode of season two, he called it a "terrific" finale which took the show in a new potential-filled direction. In May 2009 the show won the E!Online "Save One Show" poll, and has received positive coverage from places such as Wired and CNN. In an effort to keep the series on the air, fans created support communities on Facebook and MySpace and uploaded videos to YouTube. Creator Josh Friedman confirmed to CliqueClack that he has vowed to never reveal how the series would have progressed or ended.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: New York

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a deeper emotional level than anyone could have expected

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: fans created support communities on Facebook and MySpace

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2009

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: The Star-Ledger

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: fans created support communities on Facebook and MySpace

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: videos

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: a deeper emotional level than anyone could have expected."

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: restrictions of a TV budget,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: intelligent, complex and consistently operated on a deeper emotional level

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: fans

text: If the first two contestants go over $1.00, the last contestant automatically advances to the Showcase; however, he or she is allowed to spin once to see if he or she can hit $1.00. Any contestant whose score equals $1.00 (from either the first spin or a combination of the two spins) receives a $1,000 bonus and, since December 1978, is allowed a bonus spin. The contestant wins an additional $10,000 for landing on either 5¢ or 15¢ (which are adjacent to the $1.00 space and painted green), or an additional $25,000 for landing on $1.00. From December 1978 to September 22, 2008, the bonuses were $5,000 and $10,000 for landing on a green section and the $1.00, respectively. If the wheel stops on any other amount or fails to make at least one revolution, the contestant wins no more money. The wheel is positioned on 5¢ prior to the bonus spin so that it cannot land on a winning prize without making a complete revolution.

text: If the first two contestants go over $1.00, the last contestant automatically advances to the Showcase; however, he or she is allowed to spin once to see if he or she can hit $1.00. Any contestant whose score equals $1.00 (from either the first spin or a combination of the two spins) receives a $1,000 bonus and, since December 1978, is allowed a bonus spin. The contestant wins an additional $10,000 for landing on either 5¢ or 15¢ (which are adjacent to the $1.00 space and painted green), or an additional $25,000 for landing on $1.00. From December 1978 to September 22, 2008, the bonuses were $5,000 and $10,000 for landing on a green section and the $1.00, respectively. If the wheel stops on any other amount or fails to make at least one revolution, the contestant wins no more money. The wheel is positioned on 5¢ prior to the bonus spin so that it cannot land on a winning prize without making a complete revolution.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: a bonus spin

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the Showcase

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: If the first two contestants go over $1.00

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: From December 1978 to September 22, 2008, the bonuses were $5,000 and $10,000

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: If the first two contestants go over $1.00,

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 2008,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: $1.00.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: If the first two contestants go over $1.00,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: $1.00, the last contestant automatically advances to the Showcase;

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: fails to make at least one revolution,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: $1.00.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: $1.00,

text: Human research has also been conducted on sugar (in the form of sugar-sweetened beverages) and its effects on the kidneys. Sugar consumption has been associated with the rising prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States. Since 1997, the nation has dramatically increased sugar consumption to nearly half a pound per person per day. Much of this increase is driven by high fructose syrup (HFCS) consumption, which now amounts to over 62 lb per person per year, largely in form of sugar-sweetened beverages. In addition to dietary sugar being associated with CKD risk factors, data from animal studies do suggest that sugar consumption may independently affect kidney disease risk. Studies have been conducted to highlight the severity of sugary sweetened beverage consumption. These studies were completed with a variety of test subjects to account for age, sex, diets, lifestyle choices, physical activity, smoking, level of education, and health status. The variety in the test subjects created a wide spectrum of results to match any individual. Also, the experiments consisted of a variety of consumption frequencies. Some studies only consumed one glass of a sugary sweetened beverage a week, while others consumed more than seven glasses of a sugary sweetened beverage a week.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: the United States

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: sugary sweetened beverage consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: the nation has dramatically increased sugar consumption

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: rising prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: United States.

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: high fructose syrup

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: sugar consumption to nearly half a pound per person per day.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: high fructose syrup

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: sugar (in the form of sugar-sweetened beverages)

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: more than seven glasses of a sugary sweetened beverage a week.

text: Calandrelli next faced Eric Brown at Bellator 81 on November 16, 2012. He won via armbar submission in the second round.

text: Calandrelli next faced Eric Brown at

text: Bellator 81

text: on November 16, 2012. He won via armbar submission in the second round.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Bellator 81

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Puerto Rico

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: non-stop fighting

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: consuming too much

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Bellator 81 on November 16, 2012.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: 2012.

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Calandrelli

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 2012.

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 2012.

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: 2012.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: armbar submission in the second round.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Calandrelli

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: 2012.

text: There is significant evidence that the Green Revolution weakened socialist movements in many nations. In countries such as India, Mexico, and the Philippines, technological solutions were sought as an alternative to expanding agrarian reform initiatives, the latter of which were often linked to socialist politics.

text: There is significant evidence that the Green Revolution weakened socialist movements in many nations. In countries such as India, Mexico, and the Philippines, technological solutions were sought as an alternative to expanding

text: agrarian reform

text: initiatives, the latter of which were often linked to socialist politics.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: weakened socialist movements

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: weakened socialist movements

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: technological solutions

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: weakened socialist movements in many nations.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: technological solutions

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: India, Mexico, and the Philippines,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: There is significant evidence that the Green Revolution

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: weakened socialist movements

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: socialist politics.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: technological solutions were sought as an alternative to expanding agrarian reform initiatives,

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: technological solutions were sought as an alternative to expanding agrarian reform initiatives,

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: technological solutions were sought as an alternative to expanding agrarian reform initiatives,

text: Adding up to 100 leads to a nice symmetry. For example, if 80% of effects come from the top 20% of sources, then the remaining 20% of effects come from the lower 80% of sources. This is called the "joint ratio", and can be used to measure the degree of imbalance: a joint ratio of 96:4 is very imbalanced, 80:20 is significantly imbalanced (Gini index: 60%), 70:30 is moderately imbalanced (Gini index: 40%), and 55:45 is just slightly imbalanced.

text: Adding up to 100 leads to a nice symmetry. For example, if 80% of effects come from the top 20% of sources, then the remaining 20% of effects come from the lower 80% of sources. This is called the "joint ratio", and can be used to measure the degree of imbalance: a joint ratio of 96:4 is very imbalanced, 80:20 is significantly imbalanced (

text: Gini index

text: : 60%), 70:30 is moderately imbalanced (Gini index: 40%), and 55:45 is just slightly imbalanced.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: 70:30 is moderately imbalanced

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 80:20

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: the green revolution brought about increased agriculture

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalance

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: What are the basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalance

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Adding up to 100 leads to a nice symmetry.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Adding up to 100

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: 80:20

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: 96:4

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: 96:4 is very imbalanced,

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Adding up to 100 leads to a nice symmetry.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: imbalance:

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Adding up to 100 leads to a nice symmetry.

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: imbalance:

text: Dr. Rathje (also known affectionately as "Captain Planet") and his students studied the contents of Tucson residents' waste in order to examine patterns of consumption. Quantitative data from bins was compared with information known about the residents who owned them. The results have shown that information people freely volunteered about their consumption habits did not always tally with the contents of their waste bins. For example, alcohol consumption was proven to be significantly higher in reality than in the questionnaires completed by the people studied. Such findings have highlighted the difference between people's self-reported and actual behaviours.

text: Dr. Rathje (also known affectionately as "Captain Planet") and his students studied the contents of Tucson residents'

text: waste

text: in order to examine patterns of consumption.

text: Quantitative

text: data from

text: bin

text: s was compared with information known about the residents who owned them. The results have shown that information people freely volunteered about their consumption habits did not always tally with the contents of their waste bins. For example, alcohol consumption was proven to be significantly higher in reality than in the questionnaires completed by the people studied. Such findings have highlighted the difference between people's self-reported and actual behaviours.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Tucson

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: no

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol consumption

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: difference between people's self-reported and actual behaviours.

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Dr. Rathje

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: Tucson

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Dr. Rathje

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: consumption.

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: waste in order to examine patterns of consumption.

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: alcohol

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: alcohol consumption

text: Equitable conversion is a doctrine of the law of real property under which a purchaser of real property becomes the equitable owner of title to the property at the time he/she signs a contract binding him/her to purchase the land at a later date. The seller retains legal title of the property prior to the date of conveyance, but this land interest is considered personal property (a right to the payment of money, rather than a right to the property). The risk of loss is then transferred to the buyerif a house on the property burns down after the contract has been signed, but before the deed is conveyed, the buyer will nevertheless have to pay the agreed-upon purchase price for the land.  Such issues can and should be avoided by parties by stipulating in the contract who will bear the loss in such occurrences.  The above rule varies by jurisdiction, but is the general rule.

text: Equitable conversion is a doctrine of the

text: law

text: of

text: real property

text: under which a purchaser of real property becomes the

text: equitable owner of title

text: to the property at the time he/she signs a

text: contract

text: binding him/her to purchase the land at a later date. The seller retains

text: legal title

text: of the property prior to the date of conveyance, but this land interest is considered

text: personal property

text: (a right to the payment of money, rather than a right to the property). The

text: risk of loss

text: is then transferred to the buyerif a house on the property burns down after the contract has been signed, but before the deed is conveyed, the buyer will nevertheless have to pay the agreed-upon purchase price for the land.  Such issues can and should be avoided by parties by stipulating in the contract who will bear the loss in such occurrences.  The above rule varies by jurisdiction, but is the general rule.

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Equitable conversion

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: CO2

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: India became a major exporter

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: what are basic human necessities?

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: a right to the payment of money

answers: NDQ_005471

answers: Equitable conversion

answers: NDQ_005472

answers: Equitable conversion

answers: NDQ_005473

answers: jurisdiction,

answers: NDQ_005474

answers: Equitable conversion

answers: NDQ_005476

answers: Equitable conversion

answers: NDQ_005477

answers: Equitable conversion

answers: NDQ_005478

answers: a house on the property burns down

answers: NDQ_005479

answers: Equitable conversion

answers: NDQ_005480

answers: Equitable conversion