text: Another examples are the air transport systems of a country or a country's own air transport company. It is particularly important, because the quality of the airports and national airlines are also the measures of the state of development of the country.

text: Another examples are the air transport systems of a country or a country's own air transport company. It is particularly important, because the quality of the airports and national airlines are also the measures of the state of development of the country.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answer_match: Using FLAN-T5-Large with this prompt: For the question "{question}" the correct answer is "{correct_answer}". Is "{answer}" an equally correct response to this question? Answer yes or no.

orig_prompt_class: QuestionPromptWithChoices

prompt_style: context: question:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air transport systems

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: state of development of the country.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air transport systems

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air transport systems

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air transport company.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air transport systems

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: state of development of the country.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air transport systems

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air transport systems

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: a country's own air transport company.

text: The exact origin of the term "total quality management" is uncertain.  It is almost certainly inspired by Armand V. Feigenbaum's multi-edition book Total Quality Control () and Kaoru Ishikawa's What Is Total Quality Control? The Japanese Way ().  It may have been first coined in the United Kingdom by the Department of Trade and Industry during its 1983 "National Quality Campaign".  Or it may have been first coined in the United States by the Naval Air Systems Command to describe its quality-improvement efforts in 1985.

text: The exact origin of the term "total quality management" is uncertain.  It is almost certainly inspired by

entity_name: Armand V. Feigenbaum

text: Armand V. Feigenbaum

text: 's multi-edition book Total Quality Control () and

entity_name: Kaoru Ishikawa

text: Kaoru Ishikawa

text: 's What Is Total Quality Control? The Japanese Way ().  It may have been first coined in the United Kingdom by the

entity_name: Department of Trade and Industry (United Kingdom)

text: Department of Trade and Industry

text: during its 1983 "National Quality Campaign".  Or it may have been first coined in the United States by the

entity_name: Naval Air Systems Command

text: Naval Air Systems Command

text: to describe its quality-improvement efforts in 1985.

method: Bert-ConvKNRM

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is total quality control?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1983 "National Quality Campaign".

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1983

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Naval Air Systems Command

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Naval Air Systems Command

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1983 "National Quality Campaign".

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Naval Air Systems Command

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "National Quality Campaign".

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Naval Air Systems Command

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 1983 "National Quality Campaign".

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1983 "National Quality Campaign".

text: Example of CSM in BroadcastAn example of the role of CSM within a broadcast setting is as follows: A movie is ingested into the content owner’s workflow leveraging an encoding device and a control system such as automation or MAM. The control system instructs the CSM system to simultaneously analyze the content to ensure acceptable subjective quality, copy this original material into the archive library, make two copies or instances of it for protection and generate a low resolution Windows Media proxy version for Web access. An editor uses the MAM system to view the proxy generated by the CSM solution, and from his/her desktop workstation selects shots for use in a promo for the movie. The editor then sends his/her edit decision list (EDL) to the CSM system, which restores to the editing system only the desired broadcast-quality segments based on mark in and mark out timecode values defined within it. The CSM system then transcodes or rewraps the segments as necessary, so they can be used by the editor in the creation of the promo. Once the editor completes the promo, the editing system sends it via the CSM system (which can also repeat the replication and proxy generation process) to the on-air video servers for playout to air.

text: Example of CSM in BroadcastAn example of the role of CSM within a broadcast setting is as follows: A movie is ingested into the content owner’s

entity_name: Workflow

text: workflow

text: leveraging an encoding device and a control system such as

entity_name: Automation

text: automation

text: or MAM. The control system instructs the CSM system to simultaneously analyze the content to ensure acceptable subjective quality, copy this original material into the archive library, make two copies or instances of it for protection and generate a low resolution

entity_name: Windows Media

text: Windows Media

text: proxy version for Web access. An editor uses the MAM system to view the proxy generated by the CSM solution, and from his/her desktop workstation selects shots for use in a promo for the movie. The editor then sends his/her

entity_name: Edit decision list

text: edit decision list

text: (EDL) to the CSM system, which restores to the editing system only the desired broadcast-quality segments based on mark in and mark out

entity_name: Timecode

text: timecode

text: values defined within it. The CSM system then transcodes or rewraps the segments as necessary, so they can be used by the editor in the creation of the promo. Once the editor completes the promo, the editing system sends it via the CSM system (which can also repeat the replication and proxy generation process) to the on-air video servers for playout to air.

method: Bert-DRMMTKS

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the main cause of air pollution?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Example of CSM in BroadcastAn

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Example of CSM in BroadcastAn

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: CSM in BroadcastAn

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Example of CSM in BroadcastAn

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Example of CSM in BroadcastAn

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Example of CSM in BroadcastAn

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: CSM in BroadcastAn

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Example of CSM in BroadcastAn

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: CSM in BroadcastAn

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: BroadcastAn

text: Salinas is in the top ten American cities for cleanest air quality, because the offshore marine layer generates winds that blow smog further inland.

text: Salinas is in the top ten American cities for cleanest air quality, because the offshore marine layer generates winds that blow smog further inland.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: offshore marine layer

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: offshore marine layer

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog further inland.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: offshore marine layer

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: the offshore marine layer generates winds that blow smog further inland.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: offshore marine layer

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: the offshore marine layer generates winds that blow smog further inland.

text: SMOG () was one of the earliest informal literary groups independent of the Soviet state in the post-Stalin Soviet Union. Among the several interpretations of the acronym are Smelsot', Mysl', Obraz i Glubina (Courage, Thought, Image and Depth), and, humorously, Samoe Molodoe Obshchestvo Geniev (Society of Youngest Geniuses).

text: SMOG () was one of the earliest informal literary groups independent of the

entity_name: Government of the Soviet Union

text: Soviet state

text: in the post-Stalin

entity_name: Soviet Union

text: Soviet Union

text: . Among the several interpretations of the acronym are Smelsot', Mysl', Obraz i Glubina (Courage, Thought, Image and Depth), and, humorously, Samoe Molodoe Obshchestvo Geniev (Society of Youngest Geniuses).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: post-Stalin

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: post-Stalin Soviet Union.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: post-Stalin

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Soviet state in the post-Stalin

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Youngest Geniuses).

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: post-Stalin

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: (Courage, Thought, Image and Depth),

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: post-Stalin Soviet Union.

text: Temporary driving restrictions were imposed in Beijing from December 8 to 10, 2015, as part of the smog mitigation measures provided for in Beijing’s red alert for hazardous smog, the first such alert issued ever. The smog alert system was put in place in 2013, and a red alert should go into effect if there is a prediction that the air quality index will stay over 200 for more than 72 hours. On the evening of December 7 the index was 253 according to Beijing’s authorities. Under a red alert half of the city’s cars are ordered off the streets through a temporary alternate-day travel scheme based on the cars' license plate numbers. Only cars with even-numbered license plates were allowed on the roads during the first day of the restriction. Electric cars are not subject to the driving restriction, as a government incentive to promote the use of cleaner vehicles.

text: Temporary driving restrictions were imposed in

entity_name: Beijing

text: Beijing

text: from December 8 to 10, 2015, as part of the smog mitigation measures provided for in Beijing’s red alert for hazardous smog, the first such alert issued ever. The smog alert system was put in place in 2013, and a red alert should go into effect if there is a prediction that the

entity_name: Air quality index

text: air quality index

text: will stay over 200 for more than 72 hours. On the evening of December 7 the index was 253 according to Beijing’s authorities. Under a red alert half of the city’s cars are ordered off the streets through a temporary alternate-day travel scheme based on the

entity_name: Odd–even rationing

text: cars' license plate numbers

text: . Only cars with even-numbered license plates were allowed on the roads during the first day of the restriction.

entity_name: Electric car

text: Electric car

text: s are not subject to the driving restriction, as a government incentive to promote the use of

entity_name: Green vehicle

text: cleaner vehicles

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Electric cars

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Electric cars

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 253

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog alert system was put in place in 2013,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: hazardous smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Electric cars

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Electric cars

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: red alert for hazardous smog,

text: In the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, Kyra was active in many cultural and civic organizations, receiving many awards and commendations. In the 1980s, she was the founder and president of the Clean Air Program (CAP), a program of the American Lung Association of Los Angeles County—intended to eradicate smog. She was president of the UCLA Medical Faculty Wives, a member of the board of ISOMATA, an international school of music and the arts, an affiliate of USC, and several other Los Angeles-based cultural organizations.

text: In the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, Kyra was active in many cultural and civic organizations, receiving many awards and commendations. In the 1980s, she was the founder and president of the Clean Air Program (CAP), a program of the

entity_name: American Lung Association

text: American Lung Association

text: of Los Angeles County—intended to eradicate smog. She was president of the UCLA Medical Faculty Wives, a member of the board of

entity_name: Idyllwild Arts Academy

text: ISOMATA

text: , an international school of music and the arts, an affiliate of USC, and several other Los Angeles-based cultural organizations.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles County

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: American Lung Association of Los Angeles County—intended

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles County—intended

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles County—intended

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Program

text: Mal'Aria (i.e. bad air a pun about the malaria disease) is one of the historic campaigns of the association. Every year, during the months of January and February are held initiatives to boost public transport at the expense of private transport, the main cause of poor air quality of the city, especially because of the notorious fine dust (PM 10). On the other hand, the occasional 'car free days' seem to do little to improve air quality. One of the most characteristic aspects of the initiative is the exposure of 'smog catching sheets' simple white sheets that are exposed in the open air (from windows, balconies etc.). Especially in "sensitive" areas, urban centers, industrial areas, schools. After a month, the blackening of the sheet is at the same time a very clear and low tech indicator to demonstrate the quality of the air we breath.

text: Mal'Aria (i.e. bad air a pun about the malaria disease) is one of the historic campaigns of the association. Every year, during the months of January and February are held initiatives to boost public transport at the expense of private transport, the main cause of poor air quality of the city, especially because of the notorious fine dust (PM 10). On the other hand, the occasional 'car free days' seem to do little to improve air quality. One of the most characteristic aspects of the initiative is the exposure of 'smog catching sheets' simple white sheets that are exposed in the open air (from windows, balconies etc.). Especially in "sensitive" areas, urban centers, industrial areas, schools. After a month, the blackening of the sheet is at the same time a very clear and low tech indicator to demonstrate the quality of the air we breath.

method: UNH-qee

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: fine dust (PM 10)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: PM 10

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM 10

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: PM 10

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: dust

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: private transport,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: fine dust

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fine dust

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: (PM 10).

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: of'smog catching sheets'

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: fine dust (PM 10).

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: (PM 10).

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban centers, industrial areas, schools.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: January and February

text: In response to increasing public concern regarding environmental issues, the government adopted a series of environmental controls in the real estate market.  For example, in California, such legislation included the National Environmental Policy Act, the NEPA process, the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Coastal Zone Management Act, and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). The National Environmental Policy Act, signed in 1970, changed how federal agencies made decisions because it required them to propose environmental analysis before starting a project. The Clean Air Act (1970) requires the EPA to set national models for clean air. The Clean Water Act (1972) was designed to minimize pollution in natural bodies of water, and also to create bodies of water that are clean enough for recreational activities such as fishing or swimming. The Coastal Zone Management Act (1972) manages the nations coastal resources such as Great Lakes and estuaries. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), is also known as "Superfund." It is commonly referred to as "Superfund" because it comprises two trust funds that provide help to improve areas that have been polluted by hazardous waste.  The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 allows the government to lien a property that is being cleaned up. Additionally, the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) is California's most comprehensive piece of legislation regarding the environment.  This act applies to all decisions made by cities and counties in California, and includes the mandate of an Environmental Impact Report (EIR), to both public and private projects. Subsequently, any new real estate development is subject to a detailed environmental analysis before starting a project.

text: In response to increasing public concern regarding environmental issues, the government adopted a series of environmental controls in the real estate market.  For example, in California, such legislation included the National Environmental Policy Act, the NEPA process, the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Coastal Zone Management Act, and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).

entity_name: National Environmental Policy Act

text: The National Environmental Policy Act

text: , signed in 1970, changed how federal agencies made decisions because it required them to propose environmental analysis before starting a project. The Clean Air Act (1970) requires the

entity_name: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: EPA

text: to set national models for clean air. The

entity_name: Clean Water Act

text: Clean Water Act

text: (1972) was designed to minimize pollution in natural bodies of water, and also to create bodies of water that are clean enough for recreational activities such as fishing or swimming. The

entity_name: Coastal Zone Management Act

text: Coastal Zone Management Act

text: (1972) manages the nations coastal resources such as Great Lakes and estuaries. The

entity_name: Superfund

text: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

text: (CERCLA), is also known as "Superfund." It is commonly referred to as "Superfund" because it comprises two trust funds that provide help to improve areas that have been polluted by hazardous waste.  The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 allows the government to lien a property that is being cleaned up. Additionally, the

entity_name: California Environmental Quality Act

text: California Environmental Quality Act

text: (CEQA) is California's most comprehensive piece of legislation regarding the environment.  This act applies to all decisions made by cities and counties in California, and includes the mandate of an

entity_name: Environmental impact statement

text: Environmental Impact Report

text: (EIR), to both public and private projects. Subsequently, any new real estate development is subject to a detailed environmental analysis before starting a project.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What does the Clean Air Act require the EPA to set national models for clean air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: hazardous waste

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: hazardous waste.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: clean air.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: hazardous waste.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: national models for clean air.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Superfund"

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: increasing public concern regarding environmental issues,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: polluted by hazardous waste.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986

text: Wild Love is the fourth album by Bill Callahan (also known as Smog), released on March 27, 1995, on Drag City and re-released in Europe on Domino in 2001. Jim O'Rourke appeared as cellist on this album, his first collaboration with Smog. Drag City's producer Rian Murphy helped to develop a wider musical palette than its predecessor Julius Caesar.

text: Wild Love is the fourth album by

entity_name: Bill Callahan (musician)

text: Bill Callahan

text: (also known as Smog), released on March 27, 1995, on

entity_name: Drag City (record label)

text: Drag City

text: and re-released in Europe on

entity_name: Domino Recording Company

text: Domino

text: in 2001.

entity_name: Jim O'Rourke (musician)

text: Jim O'Rourke

text: appeared as cellist on this album, his first collaboration with Smog. Drag City's producer

entity_name: Rian Murphy

text: Rian Murphy

text: helped to develop a wider musical palette than its predecessor

entity_name: Julius Caesar (album)

text: Julius Caesar

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog),

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1995,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog),

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Wild Love is the fourth album by Bill Callahan

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1995,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog),

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog),

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog),

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Smog),

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: March 27, 1995,

text: Humidity measurement is among the more difficult problems in basic meteorology. According to the WMO Guide, "The achievable accuracies [for humidity determination] listed in the table refer to good quality instruments that are well operated and maintained. In practice, these are not easy to achieve." Two thermometers can be compared by immersing them both in an insulated vessel of water (or alcohol, for temperatures below the freezing point of water) and stirring vigorously to minimize temperature variations. A high-quality liquid-in-glass thermometer if handled with care should remain stable for some years. Hygrometers must be calibrated in air, which is a much less effective heat transfer medium than is water, and many types are subject to drift so need regular recalibration. A further difficulty is that most hygrometers sense relative humidity rather than the absolute amount of water present, but relative humidity is a function of both temperature and absolute moisture content, so small temperature variations within the air in a test chamber will translate into relative humidity variations.

text: Humidity measurement is among the more difficult problems in basic meteorology. According to the WMO Guide, "The achievable accuracies [for humidity determination] listed in the table refer to good quality instruments that are well operated and maintained. In practice, these are not easy to achieve." Two thermometers can be compared by immersing them both in an insulated vessel of water (or alcohol, for temperatures below the freezing point of water) and stirring vigorously to minimize temperature variations. A high-quality liquid-in-glass thermometer if handled with care should remain stable for some years. Hygrometers must be calibrated in air, which is a much less effective heat transfer medium than is water, and many types are subject to drift so need regular recalibration. A further difficulty is that most hygrometers sense relative humidity rather than the absolute amount of water present, but relative humidity is a function of both temperature and absolute moisture content, so small temperature variations within the air in a test chamber will translate into relative humidity variations.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the most common cause of air pollution?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: humidity

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Humidity measurement is among the more difficult problems in basic meteorology.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Humidity measurement is among the more difficult problems in basic meteorology.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Humidity measurement is among the more difficult problems in basic meteorology.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Humidity measurement is among the more difficult problems in basic meteorology.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: WMO Guide, "The achievable accuracies

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Humidity measurement is among the more difficult problems in basic meteorology.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Humidity measurement is among the more difficult problems in basic meteorology.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Humidity measurement is among the more difficult problems in basic meteorology.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: humidity

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Humidity measurement is among the more difficult problems in basic meteorology.

text: The public smog atmospheric park consists of two areas which fluctuate in size and location. The upper park opened above the European Union in 2006 and the lower park is located over California’s South Coast Air Quality Management District’s Coastal Zone in 2004. Each was opened up through the purchasing of emissions offsets and then retiring the purchased air from use. Both parts of the park are currently closed.

text: The public smog atmospheric park consists of two areas which fluctuate in size and location. The upper park opened above the

entity_name: European Union

text: European Union

text: in 2006 and the lower park is located over

entity_name: California

text: California

text: ’s South Coast Air Quality Management District’s Coastal Zone in 2004. Each was opened up through the purchasing of emissions offsets and then retiring the purchased air from use. Both parts of the park are currently closed.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2004

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: emissions offsets

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Coastal Zone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: California’s South Coast Air Quality Management District’s Coastal Zone

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2004.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: South Coast Air Quality Management District’s Coastal Zone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: emissions offsets

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California’s South Coast Air Quality Management District’s Coastal Zone

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: California’s South Coast Air Quality Management District’s Coastal Zone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: South Coast Air Quality Management District’s Coastal Zone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: California’s South Coast Air Quality Management District’s Coastal Zone

text: In these years, the city began to face a series of problems generated by disorganized growth. Air pollution reached critical levels during the winter months and a layer of smog settled over the city, so the authorities adopted legislative measures to reduce industrial pollution and placed vehicle restrictions on cars. The Metro was expanded considerably, extending its lines and creating three new lines between 1997 and 2006 in the southeastern sector. A new extension to Maipú was inaugurated in 2011, leaving the metropolitan railway with a length of 105 km. In the case of buses, the system underwent a major reform in the early 1990s and then in 2007 with the establishment of a master plan known as Transantiago transport, which has faced a number of problems since its launch.

text: In these years, the city began to face a series of problems generated by disorganized growth.

entity_name: Air pollution

text: Air pollution

text: reached critical levels during the winter months and a layer of

entity_name: Smog

text: smog

text: settled over the city, so the authorities adopted legislative measures to reduce industrial pollution and placed

entity_name: Road space rationing

text: vehicle restrictions

text: on cars. The Metro was expanded considerably, extending its lines and creating three new lines between 1997 and 2006 in the southeastern sector. A new extension to Maipú was inaugurated in 2011, leaving the metropolitan railway with a length of 105

entity_name: Kilometre

text: km

text: . In the case of

entity_name: Bus

text: bus

text: es, the system underwent a major reform in the early 1990s and then in 2007 with the establishment of a master plan known as

entity_name: Transantiago

text: Transantiago

text: transport, which has faced a number of problems since its launch.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: disorganized growth

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air pollution reached critical levels

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industrial

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: disorganized growth

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industrial pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: winter months

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: disorganized growth.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 105

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air pollution reached critical levels

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industrial pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: disorganized growth.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air pollution reached critical levels

text: One important thing to consider when assessing the urban forest's effect on air quality is that trees emit some biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). These are the chemicals (primarily isoprene and monoterpenes) that make up the essential oils, resins, and other organic compounds that plants use to attract pollinators and repel predators. As mentioned above, VOCs react with nitrogen oxides (NOx) to form ozone. BVOCs account for less than 10% of the total amount of BVOCs emitted in urban areas. This means that BVOC emissions from trees can contribute to the formation of ozone. Although their contribution may be small compared with other sources, BVOC emissions could exacerbate a smog problem.

text: One important thing to consider when assessing the urban forest's effect on

text: air quality

text: is that trees emit some biogenic

text: volatile organic compounds

text: (BVOCs). These are the chemicals (primarily

text: isoprene

text: and

text: monoterpene

text: s) that make up the

text: essential oil

text: s,

text: resin

text: s, and other organic compounds that plants use to attract pollinators and repel predators. As mentioned above, VOCs react with nitrogen oxides (NOx) to form ozone. BVOCs account for less than 10% of the total amount of BVOCs emitted in urban areas. This means that BVOC emissions from trees can contribute to the formation of ozone. Although their contribution may be small compared with other sources, BVOC emissions could exacerbate a smog problem.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: BVOC emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog problem

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: trees emit some biogenic volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog problem.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog problem.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: urban forest's

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: BVOC emissions could exacerbate a smog problem.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog problem.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban forest's

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: BVOC emissions could exacerbate a smog problem.

text: There were local residents' protests against water and air pollution. The Park's industrial wastewater treatment plant began to operate in 1986 and effectively treats wastewater for maximum safety while Taiwan's National Environmental Protection Department monitors the air quality in the Park and surrounding areas to maintain clean air quality.

text: There were local residents' protests against water and air pollution. The Park's industrial wastewater treatment plant began to operate in 1986 and effectively treats wastewater for maximum safety while

text: Taiwan

text: 's National Environmental Protection Department monitors the air quality in the Park and surrounding areas to maintain clean air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what kind of pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1986

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: water and air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: water and air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: clean air quality.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: water and air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: water

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: water and air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Taiwan's National Environmental Protection Department

text: So long as we arbitrarily use the Quantitative properties of some Quality or other as a Rule to Measure the magnitude of other Qualities, we abstract from it its Qualitative nature. However, once we have established a Quantitative ratio between two or more Qualities, we can give this ratio an independent existence that Quantitatively unites things that are Qualitatively distinct. We can thus take the Qualities of both sides into account, the independent, or Realized, Measure serving as their (c) Relation. This Measure necessarily involves variable magnitudes since the Qualitatively distinct ways in which different things relate to Quantity can only be registered in their respective rates of increase or decrease relative to each other. Further, in order for each side of the ratio to fully reflect the distinctiveness of the Quality it represents, both sides must be Quantitatively self-related, i.e., take the form of powers as in the case of the Ratio of Powers explicated above.

text: So long as we arbitrarily use the Quantitative properties of some Quality or other as a Rule to Measure the magnitude of other Qualities, we abstract from it its Qualitative nature. However, once we have established a Quantitative ratio between two or more Qualities, we can give this ratio an independent existence that Quantitatively unites things that are Qualitatively distinct. We can thus take the Qualities of both sides into account, the independent, or Realized, Measure serving as their (c) Relation. This Measure necessarily involves variable magnitudes since the Qualitatively distinct ways in which different things relate to Quantity can only be registered in their respective rates of increase or decrease relative to each other. Further, in order for each side of the ratio to fully reflect the distinctiveness of the Quality it represents, both sides must be Quantitatively self-related, i.e., take the form of powers as in the case of the Ratio of Powers explicated above.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Quantitatively

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Quantitative

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1,500

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental concerns

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: quality of air

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Quantitative

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Quantitative ratio between two or more Qualities,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Ratio of Powers

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Quality or other as a Rule to Measure the magnitude of other Qualities,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Ratio of Powers

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: two or more Qualities,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Ratio of Powers

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: So long as we arbitrarily use the Quantitative properties

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Ratio of Powers

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Qualitative nature.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Quantitative ratio between two or more Qualities,

text: The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) in Hong Kong was established to solve problems and provide for a long lasting acceptable level of air quality.

text: The

text: Environmental Protection Department

text: (EPD) in Hong Kong was established to solve problems and provide for a long lasting acceptable level of air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) in Hong Kong

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Hong Kong

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: problems and provide for a long lasting acceptable level of air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) in Hong Kong

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: acceptable level of air quality.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) in Hong Kong

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) in Hong Kong

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) in Hong Kong

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) in Hong Kong

text: Section 109(b)(1) of the CAA (Clean Air Act) instructed the EPA to set "ambient air quality standards the attainment and maintenance of which in the judgment of the Administrator, based on [the] criteria [documents of Section 108] and allowing an adequate margin of safety, are requisite to protect the public health." The D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals had decided that the standard making procedure delegated by Congress to the EPA to set air quality was an unconstitutional delegation in contravention of Article I, Section I of the U.S. Constitution because the EPA had interpreted the statute to provide "no intelligible principle" to guide the agency's exercise of authority. It also found that the EPA could not consider the cost of implementing a national ambient air quality standard.

text: Section 109(b)(1) of the CAA (Clean Air Act) instructed the EPA to set "ambient air quality standards the attainment and maintenance of which in the judgment of the Administrator, based on [the] criteria [documents of Section 108] and allowing an adequate margin of safety, are requisite to protect the

text: public health

text: ." The

entity_name: United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

text: D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals

text: had decided that the standard making procedure delegated by Congress to the EPA to set air quality was an unconstitutional delegation in contravention of Article I, Section I of the U.S. Constitution because the EPA had interpreted the statute to provide "no intelligible principle" to guide the agency's exercise of authority. It also found that the EPA could not consider the cost of implementing a national ambient air quality standard.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: "no intelligible principle"

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Section 109(b)(1) of the CAA

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: public health."

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: (Clean Air Act)

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 108]

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Section 109(b)(1) of the CAA

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 108]

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Section 109(b)(1) of the CAA

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unconstitutional delegation in contravention of Article I, Section I

text: Air quality in Canada has been reported for many years with provincial Air Quality Indices (AQIs). Significantly, AQI values reflect air quality management objectives, which are based on the lowest achievable emissions rate, and not exclusively concern for human health. The Air Quality Health Index or (AQHI) is a scale designed to help understand the impact of air quality on health. It is a health protection tool used to make decisions to reduce short-term exposure to air pollution by adjusting activity levels during increased levels of air pollution. The Air Quality Health Index also provides advice on how to improve air quality by proposing behavioural change to reduce the environmental footprint. This index pays particular attention to people who are sensitive to air pollution. It provides them with advice on how to protect their health during air quality levels associated with low, moderate, high and very high health risks.

text: Air quality in Canada has been reported for many years with provincial Air Quality Indices (AQIs). Significantly, AQI values reflect air quality management objectives, which are based on the lowest achievable emissions rate, and not exclusively concern for human health. The

text: Air Quality Health Index

text: or (AQHI) is a scale designed to help understand the impact of air quality on health. It is a health protection tool used to make decisions to reduce short-term exposure to air pollution by adjusting activity levels during increased levels of air pollution. The Air Quality Health Index also provides advice on how to improve air quality by proposing behavioural change to reduce the environmental footprint. This index pays particular attention to people who are sensitive to air pollution. It provides them with advice on how to protect their health during air quality levels associated with low, moderate, high and very high health risks.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It is impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQHI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Air Quality Health Index

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high health risks

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: not exclusively concern for human health.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions rate, and not exclusively concern for human health.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: low, moderate, high and very high health risks.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Quality Indices

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: low, moderate, high and very high health risks.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Quality Indices

text: In the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, control of microorganisms is important, especially microorganisms likely to be deposited into the air stream from skin shedding. Studying cleanroom microflora is of importance for microbiologists and quality control personnel to assess changes in trends. Shifts in the types of microflora may indicate deviations from the “norm” such as resistant strains or problems with cleaning practices.

text: In the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, control of microorganisms is important, especially microorganisms likely to be deposited into the air stream from skin shedding. Studying cleanroom microflora is of importance for microbiologists and quality control personnel to assess changes in trends. Shifts in the types of microflora may indicate deviations from the “norm” such as resistant strains or problems with cleaning practices.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: microorganisms

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: microorganisms

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: microorganisms

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: skin shedding.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: In the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, control of microorganisms

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: skin shedding.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: skin shedding.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: microorganisms

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: skin shedding.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: skin shedding.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: microorganisms

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: skin shedding.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: skin shedding.

text: The Great Smog of Delhi is marked as one of the worst visualization of how bad air quality had become in New Delhi and adjoining areas in the National Capital Territory of India, between 1 to 9 November 2016. Air Pollution at this time peaked on both PM 2.5 and PM 10 levels. This is reported as one of the worst levels of Air Quality in Delhi since 1999.

text: The Great Smog of Delhi is marked as one of the worst visualization of how bad

text: air quality

text: had become in

text: New Delhi

text: and adjoining areas in the

text: National Capital Territory

text: of

text: India

text: , between 1 to 9 November 2016.

text: Air Pollution

text: at this time peaked on both PM 2.5 and PM 10 levels. This is reported as one of the worst levels of

text: Air Quality in Delhi

text: since 1999.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1999

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: PM 10 levels

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM 2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air Pollution at this time peaked on both PM 2.5 and PM 10

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Great Smog of Delhi

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: PM 2.5 and PM 10 levels.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: PM 2.5 and PM 10

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Great Smog of Delhi

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Great Smog of Delhi

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM 2.5 and PM 10

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Great Smog of Delhi

text: Smog is created when nitrogen oxides (NOx) and hydrocarbon gases (HC) are exposed to sunlight. The five gasses monitored during a smog check are Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and Oxygen (O2).

text: Smog is created when

text: nitrogen oxides

text: (NOx) and

text: hydrocarbon

text: gases (HC) are exposed to sunlight. The five gasses monitored during a smog check are Hydrocarbons (HC),

text: Carbon Monoxide

text: (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx),

text: Carbon Dioxide

text: (CO2), and Oxygen (O2).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sunlight

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog is created when nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sunlight.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: five

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx),

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sunlight.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog is created when nitrogen oxides

text: If a local authority finds an area where the targets are not likely to be met, it must declare it an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and produce a Local Air Quality Action Plan to improve the air quality. DEFRA has published a list of local authorities with AQMAs. The action plan may include measures for idle reduction of vehicle engines. An example is the Metropolitan Borough of Dudley.

text: If a local authority finds an area where the targets are not likely to be met, it must declare it an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and produce a Local Air Quality Action Plan to improve the air quality. DEFRA has published a list of local authorities with AQMAs. The action plan may include measures for

text: idle reduction

text: of vehicle engines. An example is the

text: Metropolitan Borough of Dudley

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQMA

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Quality Management Area

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: idle reduction of vehicle engines.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Local Air Quality Action Plan

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Quality Management Area

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: idle reduction of vehicle engines.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: idle reduction of vehicle engines.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Quality Management Area

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: improve the air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: idle reduction of vehicle engines.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Quality Management Area

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Quality Management Area

text: There are many things which can negatively affect good air quality such as, vehicle and transport emissions, energy production, some industrial processes, waste and agriculture. The emissions that are produced by these activities can significantly damage air quality which can lead to health problems, depletion of the ozone layer and changes to other natural habitats.

text: There are many things which can negatively affect good air quality such as, vehicle and transport emissions, energy production, some industrial processes, waste and agriculture. The

text: emissions

text: that are produced by these activities can significantly damage air quality which can lead to health problems, depletion of the

text: ozone layer

text: and changes to other natural habitats.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial process

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what can negatively affect good air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial processes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: waste and agriculture

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial processes

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: waste and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: vehicle and transport emissions, energy production, some industrial processes, waste and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The emissions that are produced by these activities can significantly damage air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: vehicle and transport emissions, energy production, some industrial processes, waste and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: vehicle and transport emissions, energy production, some industrial processes, waste and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: vehicle and transport emissions, energy production, some industrial processes, waste and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: vehicle and transport emissions,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: vehicle and transport emissions, energy production, some industrial processes, waste and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: vehicle and transport emissions, energy production, some industrial processes, waste and agriculture.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: vehicle and transport emissions, energy production, some industrial processes, waste and agriculture.

text: Applying SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

text: Applying SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a bad thing to do

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Applying SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Applying SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Applying SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Applying SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Applying SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Applying SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Applying SMOG to other languages lacks statistical validity.

text: In all of these cases, community-based organizations have asserted that modeling tools are available, but transportation planning agencies have asserted that too much uncertainty exists in all of the steps.  A major concern for community-based organizations has been  transportation agencies' unwillingness to define the level of uncertainty that they are willing to tolerate in air quality analyses, how that compares to the Environmental Protection Agency's guideline on air quality models, which addresses uncertainty and accuracy in model use.

text: In all of these cases, community-based organizations have asserted that modeling tools are available, but transportation planning agencies have asserted that too much uncertainty exists in all of the steps.  A major concern for community-based organizations has been  transportation agencies' unwillingness to define the level of uncertainty that they are willing to tolerate in air quality analyses, how that compares to the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: 's guideline on air quality models, which addresses uncertainty and accuracy in model use.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is a concern for community-based organizations

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: transportation planning agencies

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: transportation planning agencies

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: transportation planning agencies

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Environmental Protection Agency's

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: transportation planning agencies

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: too much uncertainty exists in all of the steps.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Environmental Protection Agency's

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: too much uncertainty

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: too much uncertainty exists in all of the steps.

text: The organization runs programs and set policy to protect public health and the environment with respect to air quality, improve visual air quality and minimize the region's contribution to climate change. The organization is committed to the goals and strategies in the Integrated Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Management Plan, as approved by the board. The three goals are:

text: The organization runs programs and set policy to protect public health and the environment with respect to air quality, improve visual air quality and minimize the region's contribution to

text: climate change

text: . The organization is committed to the goals and strategies in the Integrated Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Management Plan, as approved by the board. The three goals are:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Greenhouse Gas

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: public health concerns

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Greenhouse Gas Management Plan,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Greenhouse Gas

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Integrated Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Management Plan,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Greenhouse Gas

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Integrated Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Management Plan,

text: Indoor Air Quality on-line educator:

text: Indoor Air Quality on-line educator:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: What are the sources of indoor air pollutants?

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Indoor Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Indoor Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Indoor Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Indoor Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Indoor Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Indoor Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Indoor Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Indoor Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Indoor Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Indoor Air Quality

text: The Honda XR650L is a street/trail bike that is more similar to the XR 600R than the XR 650R. It has a steel tube frame as opposed to an aluminum spar frame like in the XR 650R.  It also has an air-cooled  SOHC dry-sump single-cylinder four-stroke engine similar except for an increased displacement to the XR 600R, unlike the totally redesigned XR 650R that has a liquid-cooled  SOHC dry-sump single-cylinder four-stroke engine.The  engine first appeared in the NX650 Dominator in 1988 which makes it the longest produced RFVC engine made by Honda. With a headlight, taillight, turn signals, mirrors, smog system, revised exhaust system and a 2.8 gallon gas tank with 0.6 gal reserve, the 650L has a  wet weight.

text: The

text: Honda XR650L

text: is a street/trail bike that is more similar to the XR 600R than the XR 650R. It has a steel tube frame as opposed to an aluminum spar frame like in the XR 650R.  It also has an air-cooled  S

text: OHC

text: dry-sump

text: single-cylinder

text: four-stroke engine similar except for an increased displacement to the XR 600R, unlike the totally redesigned XR 650R that has a liquid-cooled  SOHC dry-sump single-cylinder four-stroke engine.The  engine first appeared in the NX650 Dominator in 1988 which makes it the longest produced RFVC engine made by Honda. With a headlight, taillight, turn signals, mirrors, smog system, revised exhaust system and a 2.8 gallon gas tank with 0.6 gal reserve, the 650L has a  wet weight.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog system,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1988

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog system,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: smog system, revised exhaust system

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 0.6

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog system,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog system,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog system, revised exhaust system

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog system, revised exhaust system

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog system,

text: Quality objectives describe basic requirements for software quality. In Quality Engineering they often address the quality attributes of availability, security, safety, reliability and performance. With the help of quality models like ISO/IEC 25000 and methods like the Goal Question Metric approach it is possible to attribute metrics to quality objectives. This allows measuring the degree of attainment of quality objectives. This is a key component of the Quality Engineering process and, at the same time, is a prerequisite for its continuous monitoring and control. To ensure effective and efficient measuring of quality objectives the integration of core numbers, which were identified manually (e.g. by expert estimates or reviews), and automatically identified metrics (e.g. by statistical analysis of source codes or automated regression tests) as a basis for decision-making is favourable.

text: Quality objectives describe basic requirements for

text: software quality

text: . In Quality Engineering they often address the quality attributes of availability, security, safety, reliability and performance. With the help of quality models like ISO/IEC 25000 and methods like the

text: Goal Question Metric

text: approach it is possible to attribute metrics to quality objectives. This allows measuring the degree of attainment of quality objectives. This is a key component of the Quality Engineering process and, at the same time, is a prerequisite for its continuous monitoring and control. To ensure effective and efficient measuring of quality objectives the integration of core numbers, which were identified manually (e.g. by expert estimates or reviews), and automatically identified metrics (e.g. by statistical analysis of source codes or automated regression tests) as a basis for decision-making is favourable.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: favourable.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: ISO/IEC 25000

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Quality objectives describe basic requirements for software quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Quality objectives describe basic requirements for software quality.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 25000

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: ISO/IEC 25000

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Quality objectives describe basic requirements for software quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: availability, security, safety, reliability and performance.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Quality objectives describe basic requirements for software quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: quality models like ISO/IEC 25000

text: During mid-winter, strong areas of high pressure often situate themselves over the Great Basin, leading to strong temperature inversions. This causes air stagnation and thick smog in the valley from several days to weeks at a time and can result in the worst air-pollution levels in the U.S., reducing air quality to unhealthy levels. This same effect will also occasionally play a role in the summer months, causing tropospheric ozone to peak in July & August, but in 2015 it started at the beginning of June.

text: During mid-winter, strong areas of high pressure often situate themselves over the

text: Great Basin

text: , leading to strong

text: temperature inversion

text: s. This causes

text: air stagnation

text: and thick

text: smog

text: in the valley from several days to weeks at a time and can result in the worst air-pollution levels in the U.S., reducing air quality to unhealthy levels. This same effect will also occasionally play a role in the summer months, causing

text: tropospheric ozone

text: to peak in July & August, but in 2015 it started at the beginning of June.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unhealthy levels

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: strong temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air-pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: mid-winter,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unhealthy levels.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: strong temperature inversions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air-pollution levels

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: thick smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air stagnation and thick smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: tropospheric ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: temperature inversions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: strong temperature inversions.

text: Beckman helped to create the Air Pollution Foundation, a non-profit organization to support research on finding solutions to smog, and educating the public about scientific issues related to smog.

text: Beckman helped to create the Air Pollution Foundation, a non-profit organization to support research on finding solutions to smog, and educating the public about scientific issues related to smog.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air Pollution Foundation,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Beckman helped to create the Air Pollution Foundation,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air Pollution Foundation,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Pollution Foundation,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Pollution Foundation,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Pollution Foundation,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Pollution Foundation,

text: Air quality in much of BC is good compared to many areas of North America. This is particularly true for cities in BC such as the Greater Vancouver area and Victoria, British Columbia. Valley communities (e.g. Golden) may experience periods of poor air quality, particularly during stagnant atmospheric conditions. Two communities currently exceed the federal air quality standards; Prince George for particulate matter (PM2.5) and the community of Hope (in the Lower Fraser Valley) for ozone. Other communities are close to the PM2.5 standard, such as Quesnel and Kamloops. Communities close to exceeding the standard for ozone include Chiliwack, Langley, Kamloops and others. Hourly air quality monitoring results are available for the Lower Fraser Valley. Air quality information is available for the rest of the province from the Ministry of the Environment. The BC Lung Association produces an annual State of the Air Report for BC. This report is a collaboration between the provincial, federal and regional governments responsible for air quality management in BC.

text: Air quality in much of BC is good compared to many areas of North America. This is particularly true for cities in BC such as the

text: Greater Vancouver

text: area and

text: Victoria, British Columbia

text: Valley

text: communities (e.g. Golden) may experience periods of poor air quality, particularly during stagnant atmospheric conditions. Two communities currently exceed the federal air quality standards;

text: Prince George

text: for particulate matter (PM2.5) and the community of Hope (in the Lower Fraser Valley) for ozone. Other communities are close to the PM2.5 standard, such as

text: Quesnel

text: and

text: Kamloops

text: . Communities close to exceeding the standard for ozone include

text: Chiliwack

text: , Langley, Kamloops and others. Hourly air quality monitoring results are available for the Lower Fraser Valley. Air quality information is available for the rest of the province from the

text: Ministry of the Environment

text: . The

text: BC Lung Association

text: produces an annual State of the Air Report for BC. This report is a collaboration between the provincial, federal and regional governments responsible for air quality management in BC.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Particulate matter (PM2.5)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: stagnant atmospheric conditions.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Two communities currently exceed the federal air quality standards;

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: stagnant atmospheric conditions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: (PM2.5)

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: BC is good compared to many areas of North America.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: stagnant atmospheric conditions.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: stagnant atmospheric conditions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: stagnant atmospheric conditions.

text:
The wearing of sleeve insignia was authorized for members of numbered air forces based overseas on 2 March 1943, and for air forces in the United States on 25 June 1943. From that date forward, the "Hap Arnold Emblem" was worn only by personnel of units not assigned to a numbered air force. AR 600-40, "Wearing of the Service Uniform," subsequently limited sleeve insignia to the 16 air forces and the AAF patch. The Quartermaster Corps, responsible for the design and supply of all authorized insignia, resisted further designs for the AAF until 28 July 1945, when command arcs (arc-shaped tabs, see example above in Command structure) were authorized for wear above the AAF insignia by members of the various support commands. <gallery>File:First_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).jpg|First Air Force
Northeast United States
(Zone of the Interior)File:2daf-wwii.jpg|Second Air Force
Northwest United States
(Zone of the Interior)File:3daf-wwii.jpg|Third Air Force
Southeast United States
(Zone of the Interior)File:4thaf-wwii.jpg|Fourth Air Force
Western United States
(Zone of the Interior)File:Fifth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).svg|Fifth Air Force
Philippines
Australia
Southwest PacificFile:Sixth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).jpg|Sixth Air Force
Caribbean Islands
Panama
South AmericaFile:Seventh_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).svg|Seventh Air Force
Hawaii
Central PacificFile:Eighth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).png|Eighth Air Force
EuropeFile:Patch9thusaaf.png|Ninth Air Force
Middle East
North Africa
EuropeFile:Tenth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).png|Tenth Air Force
India
BurmaFile:11th_usaaf.png|Eleventh Air Force
AlaskaFile:Twelfth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).png|Twelfth Air Force
North Africa
MediterraneanFile:Thirteenth Air Force - Emblem (World War II).jpg|Thirteenth Air Force
South PacificFile:Fourteenth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).jpg|Fourteenth Air Force
ChinaFile:Patch 15th USAAF.png|Fifteenth Air Force
MediterraneanFile:Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).png|Twentieth Air Force

text: The wearing of sleeve insignia was authorized for members of numbered air forces based overseas on 2 March 1943, and for air forces in the United States on 25 June 1943. From that date forward, the "Hap Arnold Emblem" was worn only by personnel of units not assigned to a numbered air force. AR 600-40, "Wearing of the Service Uniform," subsequently limited sleeve insignia to the 16 air forces and the AAF patch. The

entity_name: Quartermaster Corps (United States Army)

text: Quartermaster Corps

text: , responsible for the design and supply of all authorized insignia, resisted further designs for the AAF until 28 July 1945, when command arcs (arc-shaped tabs, see example above in Command structure) were authorized for wear above the AAF insignia by members of the various support commands. <center><gallery>File:First_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).jpg|

text: First Air Force

text:
Northeast United States
(Zone of the Interior)File:2daf-wwii.jpg|

text: Second Air Force

text:
Northwest United States
(Zone of the Interior)File:3daf-wwii.jpg|

text: Third Air Force

text:
Southeast United States
(Zone of the Interior)File:4thaf-wwii.jpg|

text: Fourth Air Force

text:
Western United States
(Zone of the Interior)File:Fifth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).svg|

text: Fifth Air Force

text:
Philippines
Australia
Southwest PacificFile:Sixth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).jpg|

entity_name: United States Air Forces Southern Command

text: Sixth Air Force

text:
Caribbean Islands
Panama
South AmericaFile:Seventh_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).svg|

text: Seventh Air Force

text:
Hawaii
Central PacificFile:Eighth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).png|

text: Eighth Air Force

entity_name: United States Air Forces Central Command

text: Ninth Air Force

text:
Middle East
North Africa
EuropeFile:Tenth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).png|

text: Tenth Air Force

text:
India
BurmaFile:11th_usaaf.png|

text: Eleventh Air Force

text: <BR>AlaskaFile:Twelfth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).png|

text: Twelfth Air Force

text:
North Africa
MediterraneanFile:Thirteenth Air Force - Emblem (World War II).jpg|

text: Thirteenth Air Force

text: <BR>South PacificFile:Fourteenth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).jpg|

text: Fourteenth Air Force

text: <BR>ChinaFile:Patch 15th USAAF.png|

text: Fifteenth Air Force

text: <BR>MediterraneanFile:Twentieth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).png|

text: Twentieth Air Force

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution is

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: As of 2013, the clean air act regulates this many pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Most of the smoggiest cities

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: AmericaFile:Seventh_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).svg|Seventh

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: gallery>File:First_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).jpg|First

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Interior)File:3daf-wwii.jpg|Third

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Interior)File:3daf-wwii.jpg|Third Air Force

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Interior)File:3daf-wwii.jpg|Third Air Force<unk>BR>Southeast United States

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: BR>Northwest United States

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Interior)File:Fifth_Air_Force_-_Emblem_(World_War_II).svg|Fifth

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Interior)File:3daf-wwii.jpg|Third Air Force<unk>BR>Southeast United States

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: BR>Northwest United States

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: BR>Northwest United States

text: Air Quality:The air quality of CH is excellent in terms of measured pollutant levels. The occupants also perceive the air quality to be better.  The formaldehyde concentrations are much lower than compared to common office buildings.  The overall air quality is excellent due to the 100% fresh air intake and the use of low toxicity materials used in all furnishings and finishes as well as an extensive use of indoor plants.

text: Air Quality:The air quality of CH is excellent in terms of measured pollutant levels. The occupants also perceive the air quality to be better.  The formaldehyde concentrations are much lower than compared to common office buildings.  The overall air quality is excellent due to the 100% fresh air intake and the use of low toxicity materials used in all furnishings and finishes as well as an extensive use of indoor plants.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: low toxicity

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: extensive use of indoor plants.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: extensive use of indoor plants.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 100% fresh air intake

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Quality:The air quality of CH is excellent in terms of measured pollutant levels.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollutant levels.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: extensive use of indoor plants.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: extensive use of indoor plants.

text: Coughing may be caused by air pollution including tobacco smoke, particulate matter, irritant gases, and dampness in a home.The human health effects of poor air quality are far reaching, but principally affect the body's respiratory system and the cardiovascular system.  Individual reactions to air pollutants depend on the type of pollutant a person is exposed to, the degree of exposure, the individual's health status and genetics.  People who exercise outdoors on hot, smoggy days, for example, increase their exposure to pollutants in the air.

text: Coughing may be caused by

text: air pollution

text: including

text: tobacco smoke

text: , particulate matter, irritant gases, and dampness in a home.The human health effects of poor air quality are far reaching, but principally affect the body's respiratory system and the cardiovascular system.  Individual reactions to air pollutants depend on the type of pollutant a person is exposed to, the degree of exposure, the individual's health status and genetics.  People who exercise outdoors on hot, smoggy days, for example, increase their exposure to pollutants in the air.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Tobacco smoke

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: tobacco smoke

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hot summers

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: tobacco smoke, particulate matter,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: principally affect the body's respiratory system and the cardiovascular system.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: tobacco smoke,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: tobacco smoke, particulate matter, irritant gases,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Coughing may be caused by air pollution

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Coughing may be caused by air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: tobacco smoke, particulate matter, irritant gases,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: hot, smoggy days,

text: Also during the early 1970s, ridesharing was recommended for the first time as a tool to mitigate air quality problems. The 1970 Clean Air Act Amendments established the National Ambient Air Quality Standards and gave the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) substantial authority to regulate air quality attainment. A final control plan for the Los Angeles Basin was issued in 1973, and one of its main provisions was a two-phase conversion of  of freeway and arterial roadway lanes to bus/carpool lanes and the development of a regional computerized carpool matching system. However, it took until 1985 before any HOV project was constructed in Los Angeles County, and by 1993 there were only  of HOV lanes countywide.

text: Also during the early 1970s, ridesharing was recommended for the first time as a tool to mitigate air quality problems. The 1970

text: Clean Air Act Amendments

text: established the

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: and gave the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) substantial authority to regulate air quality attainment. A final control plan for the

text: Los Angeles Basin

text: was issued in 1973, and one of its main provisions was a two-phase conversion of  of freeway and arterial roadway lanes to bus/carpool lanes and the development of a regional computerized carpool matching system. However, it took until 1985 before any HOV project was constructed in

text: Los Angeles County

text: , and by 1993 there were only  of HOV lanes countywide.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carpooling

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: ridesharing

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: early 1970s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality problems.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ridesharing

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles County,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality problems.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles County,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: it took until 1985 before any HOV project was constructed in Los Angeles County,

text: In 1996, major questions arose regarding the status of Ontario's nuclear plants. The oldest of these plants built in the 1970s were aging and in the early 1990s reliability began to decline significantly. The situation drew the attention of the federal nuclear regulator, the Atomic Energy Control Board of Canada (AECB) (now Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission), and was acknowledged by Ontario Hydro. In 1996, the AECB judged the situation at Pickering A to be particularly critical and issued the plant a six-month operating license. The following year a review board of industry experts concluded that the operations of Ontario's nuclear plants were "below standard" and "minimally acceptable". The Ontario government responded by approving a Nuclear Asset Optimization Plan proposed by Ontario Hydro. The plan had three major objectives: 1) the closure of the seven oldest of the utility's 19 operational nuclear reactors for rehabilitation; 2) the redeployment of staff; and 3) the spending of between $5 and $8 billion to implement the plan. In order to replace the lost capacity by the reactor closures, Ontario Hydro relied on its five coal-fired generation facilities. The result was a doubling of greenhouse gas emissions, smog, and acid rain precursors from these facilities between 1997 and 2001. This development occurred at a time when poor air quality was already a growing public health concern in southern Ontario. In response to the concerns of the public health impacts of increased coal-fired generation, all three major provincial political parties included a coal-phase out plan in their 2003 election platforms. The winner of the election, the Ontario Liberal Party, led by Dalton McGuinty, had committed to a phase-out by 2007.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1997 and 2001

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal-fired generation

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: five coal-fired generation facilities.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1997 and 2001.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: poor air quality was already a growing public health concern

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal-fired generation facilities.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: coal-phase out plan

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: doubling of greenhouse gas emissions, smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: coal-phase out plan

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: greenhouse gas emissions, smog, and acid rain

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: coal-fired generation facilities.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: doubling

text: Rainfall, on average, is quite low. Most rain occurs during winter and early spring, typical of a Mediterranean climate. However, the amount received is usually lower than in other Mediterranean climates. The first sporadic rainfall of the rainy season usually occurs in October or November, with rain becoming more common December through February. February, on average, is the wettest month. The rains then taper off in March, and April and May usually see only one or two light rains. However, the timing and volume of rains in the winter is far from predictable. After a significant rain, the region's air is cleared of the usual atmospheric haze as well as man-made smog, giving exceptionally clear views across the giant metropolis.

text: Rainfall, on average, is quite low. Most rain occurs during winter and early spring, typical of a Mediterranean climate. However, the amount received is usually lower than in other Mediterranean climates. The first sporadic rainfall of the rainy season usually occurs in October or November, with rain becoming more common December through February. February, on average, is the wettest month. The rains then taper off in March, and April and May usually see only one or two light rains. However, the timing and volume of rains in the winter is far from predictable. After a significant rain, the region's air is cleared of the usual atmospheric haze as well as man-made smog, giving exceptionally clear views across the giant metropolis.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Mediterranean climate

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: man-made smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: man-made

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: man-made

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: man-made smog,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: man-made smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: man-made

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: man-made smog,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: man-made smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: man-made smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: man-made smog,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: man-made smog,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: man-made smog,

text: The United States Environmental Protection Agency has developed an Air Quality index to help explain air pollution levels to the general public. 8-hour average ozone mole fractions of 76 to 95 nmol/mol are described as "Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups", 96 nmol/mol to 115 nmol/mol as "unhealthy" and 116 nmol/mol to 404 nmol/mol as "very unhealthy" .  The EPA has designated over 300 counties of the United States, clustered around the most heavily populated areas (especially in California and the Northeast), as failing to comply with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

text: The

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: has developed an Air Quality index to help explain air pollution levels to the general public. 8-hour average ozone

text: mole fraction

text: s of 76 to 95 nmol/mol are described as "Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups", 96 nmol/mol to 115 nmol/mol as "unhealthy" and 116 nmol/mol to 404 nmol/mol as "very unhealthy" .  The EPA has designated over 300 counties of the United States, clustered around the most heavily populated areas (especially in California and the Northeast), as failing to comply with the

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What does the Air Quality index help explain?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: most heavily populated areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: "Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups",

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups",

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups",

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: heavily populated

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 300

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California and the Northeast),

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: most heavily populated

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups",

text: Alectoria sarmentosa is a long-lived, perennial lichen. It is also sometimes classified as a fungus. It is a light greenish colored and fruticose or bushy bodied.  This epiphytic lichen belonging to the Alectoriaceae family and the suborder Lecanorineae, which includes six similar species. A. sarmentosa grows draped or strung over conifer tree limbs and deciduous shrub branches in Northern temperate rainforest. This lichen favors mature and old growth, wet conifer and hardwood forests with clean air. A. sarmentosa is sensitive to air pollution and used for air quality monitoring. Areas required by A. sarmentosa are found in northern and southern  temperate zones and receive high rainfall. This lichen is commonly found in transitional areas between valley and mountainous forests, but usually avoiding the immediate coast.

text: Alectoria sarmentosa is a long-lived, perennial

text: lichen

text: . It is also sometimes classified as a

text: fungus

text: . It is a light greenish colored and

text: fruticose

text: or bushy bodied.  This

text: epiphytic

text: lichen belonging to the

text: Alectoriaceae

text: family and the suborder

text: Lecanorineae

text: , which includes six similar species. A. sarmentosa grows draped or strung over conifer tree limbs and deciduous shrub branches in Northern

text: temperate rainforest

text: . This lichen favors mature and

text: old growth

text: , wet

text: conifer

text: and hardwood forests with clean air. A. sarmentosa is sensitive to air pollution and used for

text: air quality monitoring

text: . Areas required by A. sarmentosa are found in northern and southern

text: temperate zones

text: and receive high rainfall. This lichen is commonly found in transitional areas between valley and mountainous forests, but usually avoiding the immediate coast.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the lichen sensitive to?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: A. sarmentosa is sensitive to air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: A. sarmentosa is sensitive to air pollution

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: A. sarmentosa is sensitive to air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: high rainfall.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: coast.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Lecanorineae,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high rainfall.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: A. sarmentosa is sensitive to air pollution

text: The smog season lasts from approximately May to October. While other large cities rely on rain to clear smog, Los Angeles gets only  of rain each year: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days. Issues of air quality in Los Angeles and other major cities led to the passage of early national environmental legislation, including the Clean Air Act. More recently, the state of California has led the nation in working to limit pollution by mandating low-emission vehicles. Smog is expected to continue to drop in the coming years because of aggressive steps to reduce it, which include electric and hybrid cars, improvements in mass transit, and other measures.

text: The smog season lasts from approximately May to October. While other large cities rely on rain to clear smog, Los Angeles gets only  of rain each year: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days. Issues of air quality in Los Angeles and other major cities led to the passage of early national environmental legislation, including the

text: Clean Air Act

text: . More recently, the state of California has led the nation in working to limit pollution by mandating

text: low-emission vehicle

text: s. Smog is expected to continue to drop in the coming years because of aggressive steps to reduce it, which include

text: electric

text: and

text: hybrid

text: cars, improvements in

text: mass transit

text: , and other measures.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog season

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog season

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: low-emission vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog season

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: low-emission vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Issues of air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: low-emission vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles gets only of rain each year:

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days.

text: Besides Singapore, some other countries also use air quality indices. However, the calculations used to derive their air quality indices may differ.  Different countries also use different names for their indices such as Air Quality Health Index, Air Pollution Index and Pollutant Standards Index.

text: Besides Singapore, some other countries also use air quality indices. However, the calculations used to derive their air quality indices may differ.  Different countries also use different names for their indices such as Air Quality Health Index, Air Pollution Index and Pollutant Standards Index.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air Quality Health Index, Air Pollution Index

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Singapore, some other countries also use air quality indices.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Pollution Index

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Besides Singapore, some other countries also use air quality indices.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Pollutant Standards Index.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Singapore, some other countries also use air quality indices.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Singapore, some other countries also use air quality indices.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Health Index, Air Pollution Index and Pollutant Standards Index.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality indices.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Quality Health Index, Air Pollution Index and Pollutant Standards Index.

text: Beijing air quality is often poor, especially in winter. In mid-January 2013, Beijing's air quality was measured on top of the city's US embassy at a PM2.5 density of 755 micrograms per cubic meter, which went off the US Environmental Protection Agency's air quality index. It was widely reported, originally through a Twitter account, that the category was "crazy bad". This was later changed to "beyond index".

text: Beijing air quality is often poor, especially in winter. In mid-January 2013, Beijing's air quality was measured on top of

text: the city's US embassy

text: at a PM2.5 density of 755 micrograms per cubic meter, which went off the US Environmental Protection Agency's air quality index. It was widely reported, originally through a Twitter account, that the category was "crazy bad". This was later changed to "beyond index".

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: often poor

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Beijing air quality is often poor,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Beijing air quality is often poor, especially in winter.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 755 micrograms per cubic meter,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Beijing

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Beijing air quality is often poor,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Beijing air quality is often poor, especially in winter.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Beijing air quality is often poor, especially in winter.

text: The US Clean Air Act was enacted in 1963 and was the federal government's first major step towards air pollution control. Currently the CAA regulates six criteria air contaminants from stationary sources: particulate matter, lead, ozone, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and sulfur oxides. Amendments have been added to the CAA, in 1970, 1977, and 1990. Objective of the regulation is to "protect human health, welfare and the environment by maintaining and improving the quality of the air through the development of standards".

text: The US

text: Clean Air Act

text: was enacted in 1963 and was the federal government's first major step towards air pollution control. Currently the CAA regulates six

text: criteria air contaminants

text: from stationary sources: particulate matter, lead, ozone, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and sulfur oxides. Amendments have been added to the CAA, in 1970, 1977, and 1990. Objective of the regulation is to "protect human health, welfare and the environment by maintaining and improving the quality of the air through the development of standards".

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: six criteria air contaminants from stationary sources:

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The US Clean Air Act was enacted in 1963

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air contaminants from stationary sources:

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sulfur oxides.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The US Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution control.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and sulfur oxides.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The US Clean Air Act was enacted in 1963

text: Povl Ole Fanger (July 16, 1934 – September 20, 2006) was an expert in the field of thermal comfort and perception of indoor environments.  He was a senior professor at the International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy at the Technical University of Denmark.  He was a visiting University Professor at Syracuse University when he died at the age of 72 from an abdominal aortic aneurysm.  His work is credited with demonstrating that poor air quality in homes can cause asthma in children, and that poor air quality in workplaces decreases productivity. His contribution to the research on thermal comfort still defines the state of the art in HVAC technology and the basis for international standardisation. He is also known for creating indoor air quality (IAQ) units of measurement known as the olf and decipol.

text: Povl Ole Fanger (July 16, 1934 – September 20, 2006) was an expert in the field of thermal comfort and perception of indoor environments.  He was a senior professor at the

text: International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy

text: at the

text: Technical University of Denmark

text: .  He was a visiting University Professor at

text: Syracuse University

text: when he died at the age of 72 from an

text: abdominal aortic aneurysm

text: .  His work is credited with demonstrating that poor

text: air quality

text: in homes can cause asthma in children, and that poor air quality in workplaces decreases productivity. His contribution to the research on

text: thermal comfort

text: still defines the state of the art in

text: HVAC

text: technology and the basis for international standardisation. He is also known for creating indoor air quality (IAQ) units of measurement known as the

text: olf

text: and

text: decipol

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: poor air quality in homes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: poor air quality in homes can cause asthma in children,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2006)

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: poor air quality in homes can cause asthma in children,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: poor air quality in homes can cause asthma in children,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: decipol.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Povl Ole Fanger

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: poor air quality in homes can cause asthma in children,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Povl Ole Fanger

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: poor air quality in homes can cause asthma in children,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Povl Ole Fanger

text: , also known as the Smog Monster,  is a kaiju monster who first appeared in Toho's 1971 film Godzilla vs. Hedorah. The monster was named for , the Japanese word for sludge, slime, vomit or chemical ooze.

text: , also known as the

text: Smog

text: Monster,  is a

text: kaiju

text: monster who first appeared in

text: Toho

text: 's 1971 film

text: Godzilla vs. Hedorah

text: . The monster was named for , the Japanese word for

text: sludge

text: , slime, vomit or chemical ooze.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: sludge, slime, vomit or chemical ooze.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1971 film Godzilla vs. Hedorah.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: chemical ooze.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: chemical ooze.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Smog Monster,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog Monster,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog Monster,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: sludge, slime, vomit or chemical ooze.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: chemical ooze.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: sludge, slime, vomit or chemical ooze.

text: As a city, Sarnia is committed to the improvement of its pollution, both air and water. The following statements from City of Sarnia Website succinctly establish this position-"As part of the City's commitment to monitoring and improving the environment, the City Council has established a number of committees to advise Council as well as appointing City representatives to outside committees who have an interest in the environment and the preservation of habitats" and "The City of Sarnia has adopted a Smog Alert Response Plan in support of the Ontario Government's Air Quality Ontario initiative. The initiative is to provide better and more timely air quality information to the Ontario public.City staff are notified of smog alerts and implement the air quality improvement strategies outlined in the City's Smog Alert Plan.".  In 2009, Sarnia had a record low three smog advisories and only five smog days. The County of Lambton reports that from 1995–2008, Sarnia experienced a high of thirteen smog advisories and forty-six smog days, both in 2005.

text: As a city, Sarnia is committed to the improvement of its pollution, both air and water. The following statements from City of Sarnia Website succinctly establish this position-"As part of the City's commitment to monitoring and improving the environment, the City Council has established a number of committees to advise Council as well as appointing City representatives to outside committees who have an interest in the environment and the preservation of habitats" and "The City of Sarnia has adopted a Smog Alert Response Plan in support of the Ontario Government's Air Quality Ontario initiative. The initiative is to provide better and more timely air quality information to the Ontario public.City staff are notified of smog alerts and implement the air quality improvement strategies outlined in the City's Smog Alert Plan.".  In 2009, Sarnia had a record low three smog advisories and only five smog days. The County of Lambton reports that from 1995–2008, Sarnia experienced a high of thirteen smog advisories and forty-six smog days, both in 2005.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1995–2008

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Sarnia

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog Alert Response Plan

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1995–2008,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air and water.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Ontario Government's Air Quality Ontario initiative.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: thirteen smog advisories and forty-six smog days,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: five smog days.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air Quality Ontario initiative.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Ontario

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: pollution,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: five smog days.

text: The queen stage of the Tour of Beijing saw the riders negotiate four categorised climbs during the stage's  itinerary, ending in the first summit finish in the Tour's short history. The final climb to the Great Wall of China in Badaling was another venue part of the 2008 Summer Olympics – as part of the Urban Road Cycling Course – and the climb itself was a short, punchy climb of around  in length and at an average gradient of 6.3%. Smog would also play a part in the stage's proceedings; after two previously clear days during the race, hazy conditions greeted the riders ahead of the start. Prior to the race, air quality levels were at a "severely polluted" level according to figures released by the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection.

text: The queen stage of the Tour of Beijing saw the riders negotiate four categorised climbs during the stage's  itinerary, ending in the first summit finish in the Tour's short history. The final climb to the

text: Great Wall of China

text: in Badaling was another venue part of the

text: 2008 Summer Olympics

text: – as part of the

text: Urban Road Cycling Course

text: – and the climb itself was a short, punchy climb of around  in length and at an average gradient of 6.3%. Smog would also play a part in the stage's proceedings; after two previously clear days during the race, hazy conditions greeted the riders ahead of the start. Prior to the race, air quality levels were at a "severely polluted" level according to figures released by the Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2008 Summer Olympics

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "severely polluted

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: "severely polluted"

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "severely polluted"

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "severely polluted"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality levels were at a "severely polluted"

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: four

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "severely polluted"

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "severely polluted"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality levels were at a "severely polluted"

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: hazy conditions greeted the riders ahead of the start.

text: According to Freda Fung and Bob Maxwell, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been controlling emissions among the United States since the 1970s. They implemented regulations which would limit the amount of fuel vapor released into the atmosphere during the refueling of a motor vehicle. Before any EPA mandate was put into action, California devised its own regulations, ahead of every other state, by 16 years, when it required the implementation of the Stage II vapor recovery system. The ORVR systems were required but did not take over instantaneously; instead, EPA decided that Stage II control systems were necessary for all areas of non attainment (an area considered to have air quality worse than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards as defined in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970) until the requirement had been dropped by the The Clean Air Act of 1990.  In the United States, ORVR has been mandated on all passenger cars (phasing in over the 1998-2000 model years) and light trucks up to 10,000 lbs gross vehicle weight rating or GVWR (phasing in over the 2001-2006 model years) by the EPA.

text: According to Freda Fung and Bob Maxwell, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been controlling emissions among the United States since the 1970s. They implemented regulations which would limit the amount of fuel vapor released into the atmosphere during the refueling of a motor vehicle. Before any EPA mandate was put into action, California devised its own regulations, ahead of every other state, by 16 years, when it required the implementation of the Stage II vapor recovery system. The ORVR systems were required but did not take over instantaneously; instead, EPA decided that Stage II control systems were necessary for all areas of non attainment (an area considered to have air quality worse than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards as defined in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970) until the requirement had been dropped by the

text: The Clean Air Act of 1990.

text: In the United States, ORVR has been mandated on all passenger cars (phasing in over the 1998-2000 model years) and light trucks up to 10,000 lbs

text: gross vehicle weight rating

text: or GVWR (phasing in over the 2001-2006 model years) by the EPA.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: fuel vapor released into the atmosphere

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fuel vapor

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: fuel vapor

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Stage II vapor recovery system.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10,000 lbs

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fuel vapor

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: non attainment

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1970s.

text: The AQI is based on the five "criteria" pollutants regulated under the Clean Air Act: ground-level ozone, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide.  The EPA has established National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for each of these pollutants in order to protect public health. An AQI value of 100 generally corresponds to the level of the NAAQS for the pollutant. The Clean Air Act (USA) (1990) requires EPA to review its National Ambient Air Quality Standards every five years to reflect evolving health effects information. The Air Quality Index is adjusted periodically to reflect these changes.

text: The AQI is based on the five "criteria" pollutants regulated under the

text: Clean Air Act

text: : ground-level ozone, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide.  The EPA has established

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: (NAAQS) for each of these pollutants in order to protect public health. An AQI value of 100 generally corresponds to the level of the NAAQS for the pollutant. The

text: Clean Air Act (USA) (1990)

text: requires EPA to review its

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: every five years to reflect evolving health effects information. The Air Quality Index is adjusted periodically to reflect these changes.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: five "criteria" pollutants regulated under the Clean Air Act:

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act (USA) (1990)

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act:

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: five

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: five "criteria" pollutants regulated under the Clean Air Act:

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: evolving health effects information.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act:

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: five "criteria" pollutants regulated under the Clean Air Act:

text: Clean water, air, and land and a smaller carbon footprint are priorities of MWCOG's environmental programs. Through the Metropolitan Washington Air Quality Committee, which is the entity certified by the mayor of Washington, D.C. and the governors of Maryland and Virginia to prepare an air quality plan for the Washington Metropolitan Area under Section 174 of the federal Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, officials prepare clean air plans. These plans have led to steady improvement in regional air quality. The Council supports ongoing efforts to revitalize the Chesapeake Bay, the Anacostia River, and other local waterways as well as wastewater and stormwater planning, and water supply protection. MWCOG is also guiding the regional effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by promoting alternative energy sources, energy conservation, and green building and fleet policies.

text: Clean water, air, and land and a smaller

text: carbon footprint

text: are priorities of MWCOG's environmental programs. Through the Metropolitan Washington Air Quality Committee, which is the entity certified by the mayor of

text: Washington, D.C.

text: and the governors of

text: Maryland

text: and

text: Virginia

text: to prepare an air quality plan for the

text: Washington Metropolitan Area

text: under Section 174 of the federal

text: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990

text: , officials prepare clean air plans. These plans have led to steady improvement in regional air quality. The Council supports ongoing efforts to revitalize the

text: Chesapeake Bay

text: , the

text: Anacostia River

text: , and other local waterways as well as

text: wastewater

text: and stormwater planning, and water supply protection. MWCOG is also guiding the regional effort to reduce

text: greenhouse gas

text: emissions by promoting alternative energy sources, energy conservation, and green building and fleet policies.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Metropolitan Washington Air Quality Committee,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Metropolitan Washington Air Quality Committee,

text: Air quality monitoring by the Department are carried out by 11 general stations and three roadside stations. On 8 March 2012, the Department started reporting data on fine suspended particulates in the air on an hourly basis, that are a leading component of smog. It began regular monitoring of PM2.5 levels, which measure 2.5 micrometers in diameter or less, at three stations since 2005, but the data were never publicized.

text: Air quality monitoring by the Department are carried out by 11 general stations and three roadside stations. On 8 March 2012, the Department started reporting data on fine suspended particulates in the air on an hourly basis, that are a leading component of smog. It began regular monitoring of PM2.5 levels, which measure 2.5 micrometers in diameter or less, at three stations since 2005, but the data were never publicized.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2005

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: particulates

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM2.5 levels

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: fine suspended particulates

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2012,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fine suspended particulates

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 11

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 11 general stations and three roadside stations.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fine suspended particulates

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: fine suspended particulates

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 11 general stations and three roadside stations.

text: Environmental engineers note reduced carbon emissions and air quality emissions are usually of the same magnitude as the reduction in concrete needed for any foundation project.  Since use of an on-grade mat foundation typically results in a 20% - 30% reduction in concrete, a similar or even greater reduction in carbon emissions and air emissions will also occur.  Reduced carbon emissions benefit the global carbon cycle, while reduced air quality emissions benefit the local environment of the job site and area where the cement is manufactured.  And, because the basic nature of an on-grade mat is to utilize less raw materials (cement, iron, fuel, water, aggregate, and sand), the system is proven to provide a more sustainable environment in an era of resource limitations.

text: Environmental engineers note reduced carbon emissions and air quality emissions are usually of the same magnitude as the reduction in concrete needed for any foundation project.  Since use of an on-grade mat foundation typically results in a 20% - 30% reduction in concrete, a similar or even greater reduction in carbon emissions and air emissions will also occur.  Reduced carbon emissions benefit the global carbon cycle, while reduced air quality emissions benefit the local environment of the job site and area where the cement is manufactured.  And, because the basic nature of an on-grade mat is to utilize less raw materials (cement, iron, fuel, water, aggregate, and sand), the system is proven to provide a more sustainable environment in an era of resource limitations.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global carbon cycle

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: era of resource limitations.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: reduced air quality emissions benefit the local environment

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 20% - 30%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air quality emissions

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: resource limitations.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: resource limitations.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: reduction in concrete needed for any foundation project.

text: DEQ enforces state and federal environmental laws, including the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Superfund Amendments and Title III Reauthorization Act (SARA), Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 and the Wyoming Environmental Quality Act. Enforcement covers more than 17.5 million acres of public lands and 40.7 million acres of federal mineral estate, administered by the Bureau of Land Management

text: DEQ enforces state and federal environmental laws, including the

text: Clean Air Act

text: Clean Water Act

text: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

text: (NPDES),

text: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

text: (RCRA), Superfund Amendments and Title III Reauthorization Act (SARA),

entity_name: Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977

text: Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977

text: and the Wyoming Environmental Quality Act. Enforcement covers more than 17.5 million acres of public lands and 40.7 million acres of federal

text: mineral estate

text: , administered by the

text: Bureau of Land Management

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Superfund

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Surface Mining

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1977

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Surface Mining

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: DEQ enforces state and federal environmental laws, including the Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Surface Mining

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act,

text: Racial disparity in access and quality of healthcare is a serious problem in the United States and is reflected by evidence such as the fact that African American life expectancies lag behind that of whites by over 5 years, and African Americans tend to experience more chronic conditions.  African Americans have a 30% higher death rate from cardiovascular disease and experience 50% more diabetic complications than their white counterparts. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), directed by Congress, led an effort for the development of two annual reports by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), the National Healthcare Quality Report and the National Healthcare Disparities Report, which tracked disparities in healthcare in relation to racial and socioeconomic factors. These reports developed about 140 measures of quality of care and about 100 measures of access to care, which were used to measure the healthcare disparities. The first reports, released in December 2003, found that blacks and Hispanics experienced poorer healthcare quality for about half of the quality measures reported in the NHQR and NDHR. Also, Hispanics and Asians experienced poorer access to care for about two thirds of the healthcare access measures. Recent studies on Medicare patients show that black patients receive poorer medical care than their white counterparts. Compared with white patients, blacks receive far fewer operations, tests, medications and other treatments, suffering greater illnesses and more deaths as a result.

text: Racial disparity in access and quality of healthcare

text: is a serious problem in the United States and is reflected by evidence such as the fact that African American life expectancies lag behind that of whites by over 5 years, and African Americans tend to experience more chronic conditions.  African Americans have a 30% higher death rate from cardiovascular disease and experience 50% more diabetic complications than their white counterparts. The

entity_name: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

text: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

text: (AHRQ), directed by Congress, led an effort for the development of two annual reports by the

entity_name: United States Department of Health and Human Services

text: Department of Health and Human Services

text: (DHHS), the National Healthcare Quality Report and the National Healthcare Disparities Report, which tracked disparities in healthcare in relation to racial and socioeconomic factors. These reports developed about 140 measures of quality of care and about 100 measures of access to care, which were used to measure the healthcare disparities. The first reports, released in December 2003, found that blacks and Hispanics experienced poorer healthcare quality for about half of the quality measures reported in the NHQR and NDHR. Also, Hispanics and Asians experienced poorer access to care for about two thirds of the healthcare access measures. Recent studies on Medicare patients show that black patients receive poorer medical care than their white counterparts. Compared with white patients, blacks receive far fewer operations, tests, medications and other treatments, suffering greater illnesses and more deaths as a result.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices .

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Hispanics

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: African Americans have a 30% higher death rate from cardiovascular disease

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2003,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Racial disparity in access and quality of healthcare is a serious problem

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: African Americans tend to experience more chronic conditions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 140

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 50% more diabetic complications than their white counterparts.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Racial disparity in access and quality of healthcare is a serious problem

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: cardiovascular disease

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: African Americans tend to experience more chronic conditions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: African Americans have a 30% higher death rate from cardiovascular disease

text:
|-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|50 Wins (35 knockouts), 4 Losses (2 knockouts), 1 Draw, 1 No Contest|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Round
Time|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes|- align=center|Win||50–4–1||align=left| Wilson Alcorro|UD|10|2010–10–01|align=left| Club de Regatas,
Corrientes, Corrientes|align=left||- align=center|Win||49–4–1||align=left| Michael Lozada|TKO|5 (12)|2009–11–21|align=left| Buenos Aires Lawn Tennis Club,
Buenos Aires|align=left|For Interim WBO Latino
Lightweight title.|- align=center|Win||48–4–1||align=left| Moises Castro|UD|12|2009–08–08|align=left| Polideportivo Carlos Cerutti,
Córdoba, Córdoba|align=left|Won Interim WBO Latino
Lightweight title.|- align=center|Loss||47–4–1||align=left| Rocky Juarez|TKO|11 (12)
2:55|2008–09–06|align=left| Toyota Center, Houston, Texas|align=left|For vacant WBO Latino
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||47–3–1||align=left| Decho Kokietgym|KO|3 (12)|2007–04–21|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left|Won WBO Inter-Continental
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Loss||46–3–1||align=left| Joan Guzmán|SD|12|2006–09–16|align=left| MGM Grand, Las Vegas, Nevada|align=left|Lost WBO
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||46–2–1||align=left| János Nagy|KO|1 (12)
0:49|2006–05–20|align=left| Staples Center, Los Angeles, California|align=left|Retained WBO
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||45–2–1||align=left| Nazareno Ruiz|UD|10|2005–12–16|align=left| Club Belgrano,
San Nicolás, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||44–2–1||align=left| Victor Santiago|TKO|2 (12)
2:30|2005–08–12|align=left| Orfeo Superdomo,
Córdoba, Córdoba|align=left|For WBO
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||43–2–1||align=left| Mike Anchondo|TKO|4 (12)
2:00|2005–04–08|align=left| Miccosukee Indian Gaming Resort,
Miami, Florida|align=left|Won WBO
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||42–2–1||align=left| Carlos Uribe|TKO|7 (12)
0:01|2004–10–08|align=left| Orfeo Superdomo,
Córdoba, Córdoba|align=left|For WBO Latino
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||41–2–1||align=left| Diego Alzugaray|UD|10|2004–04–17|align=left| Club Atlético Unión,
Santa Fe, Santa Fe|align=left||- align=center|Win||40–2–1||align=left| Claudio Martinet|UD|12|2003–12–12|align=left| Club Newell's Old Boys,
Rosario, Santa Fe|align=left|For WBO Latino
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Loss||39–2–1||align=left| Acelino Freitas|TKO|12
0:50|2003–08–09|align=left| Miami Arena, Miami, Florida|align=left|For WBO and WBA (Super)
Super featherweight titles.|- align=center|Win||39–1–1||align=left| Fabian Salazar|KO|4 (10)|2003–04–10|align=left| Orfeo Superdomo,
Córdoba, Córdoba|align=left||- align=center|Win||38–1–1||align=left| Orlando Soto|TKO|4 (12)|2003–01–31|align=left| Casino Buenos Aires,
Buenos Aires|align=left|For WBO Latino
Super Featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||37–1–1||align=left| Rodolfo Rolon|TKO|6 (10)|2002–11–29|align=left| Club Defensores de Villa Luján,
San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán|align=left||- align=center|Win||36–1–1||align=left| Carlos Rios|TD|6 (10)|2002–10–26|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left|Won vacant Argentine
Super Featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||35–1–1||align=left| Javier Alvarez|TKO|11 (12)|2002–08–24|align=left| Radisson Victoria Plaza, Montevideo|align=left|Won WBO Latino
Super Featherweight title.|- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||34–1–1||align=left| Ricardo Silva|PTS|10|2002–06–29|align=left| Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz|align=left||- align=center|Win||34–1||align=left| Keylang Umana|KO|1 (10)|2002–04–13|align=left| Santa Rosa, La Pampa|align=left||- align=center|Win||33–1||align=left| Victor Paz|UD|10|2002–03–16|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||32–1||align=left| Justo Martinez|KO|6 (10)|2001–09–22|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|||||align=left| Justo Martinez|NC|2 (10)|2001–06–23|align=left| Villa María, Córdoba|align=left||- align=center|Win||31–1||align=left| Laureano Ramírez|UD|12|2000–12–16|align=left| Piso de los Deportes,
Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left|For WBU
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||30–1||align=left| Carlos Uribe|DSQ|5 (10)
2:17|2000–10–28|align=left| Club Atlético Lanús,
Lanús, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||29–1||align=left| Joel Mayo|DSQ|3 (10)
1:55|2000–03–18|align=left| Club Ciclista Juninense,
Junín, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||28–1||align=left| Sergio Liendo|RTD|5 (10)|2000–02–05|align=left| Bolívar, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||27–1||align=left| Joao Pereira da Silva|RTD|6 (10)
0:31|1999–12–18|align=left| Radisson Victoria Plaza,
Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||26–1||align=left| Affif Djelti|UD|12|1999–10–16|align=left| Club Los Padres Capuchinos,
Concordia, Entre Ríos|align=left|For WBU
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||25–1||align=left| Catalino Becerra|TKO|2 (10)|1999–08–28|align=left| Club Glorias, Tigre, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||24–1||align=left| Silvano Usini|TKO|8 (12)|1999–07–10|align=left| Calatafimi-Segesta, Sicily|align=left|Won vacant WBU
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||23–1||align=left| Oscar Lopez|KO|6 (10)|1999–03–05|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||22–1||align=left| Ismael Agustini|UD|12|1998–12–18|align=left| Morón, Buenos Aires|align=left|For South American
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||21–1||align=left| Gustavo Cuello|UD|12|1998–10–03|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left|For South American
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||20–1||align=left| Walter Rodriguez|TKO|2 (12)|1998–08–15|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left|Won South American
Super featherweight title.|- align=center|Win||19–1||align=left| Jorge Medina|KO|1 (8)|1998–07–18|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||18–1||align=left| Miguel Angel Francia|TKO|5 (8)|1998–05–09|align=left| Club Juventud BBC,
Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero|align=left||- align=center|Win||17–1||align=left| Antonio Avila|KO|1 (10)|1998–04–10|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||16–1||align=left| Ruben Astorga|KO|3 (8)|1998–03–06|align=left| Tigre, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||15–1||align=left| César Domine|KO|2 (8)|1998–02–13|align=left| Club Atlético Quilmes,
Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss||14–1||align=left| César Domine|DQ|4 (10)|1997–12–20|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||14–0||align=left| Manuel Billalba|RTD|9 (10)|1997–11–22|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||13–0||align=left| Rodolfo Rolon|TKO|5 (8)|1997–08–23|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||12–0||align=left| Eduardo Rodriguez|KO|1 (8)|1997–08–22|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||11–0||align=left| Miguel Angel Albarado|SD|8|1997–06–21|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||10–0||align=left| Dante Tablada|KO|1 (8)|1997–05–17|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||9–0||align=left| Benjamin Robles Murry|TKO|1 (6)|1997–04–19|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||8–0||align=left| Pedro Contreras|KO|5 (8)|1997–03–22|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||7–0||align=left| Osvaldo Cortes|KO|1 (8)|1997–02–22|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||6–0||align=left| José Luis Fernandez|KO|1 (8)|1997–01–25|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||5–0||align=left| Nestor Ayala|UD|6|1996–12–21|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||4–0||align=left| Walter Galvan|KO|2 (6)|1996–12–14|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||3–0||align=left| Fabian Eluaiza|KO|4 (6)|1996–11–16|align=left| América 2 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||2–0||align=left| Nestor Centeno|KO|1 (6)|1996–09–06|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||1–0||align=left| Hector Martinez|KO|2 (6)|1996–08–10|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left|

text:
|-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|50 Wins (35 knockouts), 4 Losses (2 knockouts), 1 Draw, 1 No Contest|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Round
Time|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes|- align=center|Win||50–4–1||align=left| Wilson Alcorro|UD|10|2010–10–01|align=left| Club de Regatas,

text: Corrientes

text: Corrientes

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||49–4–1||align=left| Michael Lozada|TKO|5 (12)|2009–11–21|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires Lawn Tennis Club

text: ,<br>

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|For Interim

text: WBO Latino

text: <br>

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||48–4–1||align=left| Moises Castro|UD|12|2009–08–08|align=left|

text: Polideportivo Carlos Cerutti

text: ,<br>

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left|Won Interim

text: WBO Latino

text: <br>

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Loss||47–4–1||align=left|

text: Rocky Juarez

text: |TKO|11 (12)<br>2:55|2008–09–06|align=left|

text: Toyota Center

text: Houston

text: Texas

text: |align=left|For vacant

text: WBO Latino

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||47–3–1||align=left| Decho Kokietgym|KO|3 (12)|2007–04–21|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won

text: WBO Inter-Continental

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Loss||46–3–1||align=left|

text: Joan Guzmán

text: MGM Grand

text: Las Vegas

text: Nevada

text: |align=left|Lost

text: WBO

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||46–2–1||align=left| János Nagy|KO|1 (12)<br>0:49|2006–05–20|align=left|

text: Staples Center

text: Los Angeles

text: California

text: |align=left|Retained

text: WBO

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||45–2–1||align=left| Nazareno Ruiz|UD|10|2005–12–16|align=left| Club Belgrano,<br>

text: San Nicolás

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||44–2–1||align=left| Victor Santiago|TKO|2 (12)<br>2:30|2005–08–12|align=left|

text: Orfeo Superdomo

text: ,<br>

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left|For

text: WBO

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||43–2–1||align=left|

text: Mike Anchondo

text:
|TKO|4 (12)
2:00|2005–04–08|align=left| Miccosukee Indian Gaming Resort,

text: Miami

text: Florida

text: |align=left|Won

text: WBO

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||42–2–1||align=left| Carlos Uribe|TKO|7 (12)<br>0:01|2004–10–08|align=left|

text: Orfeo Superdomo

text: ,<br>

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left|For

text: WBO Latino

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||41–2–1||align=left| Diego Alzugaray|UD|10|2004–04–17|align=left| Club Atlético Unión,<br>

text: Santa Fe

text: Santa Fe

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||40–2–1||align=left| Claudio Martinet|UD|12|2003–12–12|align=left| Club Newell's Old Boys,<br>

text: Rosario

text: Santa Fe

text: |align=left|For

text: WBO Latino

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Loss||39–2–1||align=left|

text: Acelino Freitas

text: Miami Arena

text: Miami

text: Florida

text: |align=left|For

text: WBO

text: and

text: WBA (Super)

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: titles.|- align=center|Win||39–1–1||align=left| Fabian Salazar|KO|4 (10)|2003–04–10|align=left|

text: Orfeo Superdomo

text: ,<br>

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||38–1–1||align=left| Orlando Soto|TKO|4 (12)|2003–01–31|align=left| Casino Buenos Aires,<br>

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|For

text: WBO Latino

text: <br>

text: Super Featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||37–1–1||align=left| Rodolfo Rolon|TKO|6 (10)|2002–11–29|align=left| Club Defensores de Villa Luján,<br>

text: San Miguel de Tucumán

text: Tucumán

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||36–1–1||align=left|

text: Carlos Rios

text: |TD|6 (10)|2002–10–26|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won vacant Argentine<br>

text: Super Featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||35–1–1||align=left| Javier Alvarez|TKO|11 (12)|2002–08–24|align=left| Radisson Victoria Plaza,

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left|Won

text: WBO Latino

text: <br>

text: Super Featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||34–1–1||align=left| Ricardo Silva|PTS|10|2002–06–29|align=left|

text: Río Gallegos

text: Santa Cruz

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||34–1||align=left| Keylang Umana|KO|1 (10)|2002–04–13|align=left|

text: Santa Rosa

text: La Pampa

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||33–1||align=left| Victor Paz|UD|10|2002–03–16|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||32–1||align=left| Justo Martinez|KO|6 (10)|2001–09–22|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|||||align=left| Justo Martinez|NC|2 (10)|2001–06–23|align=left|

text: Villa María

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||31–1||align=left|

text: Laureano Ramírez

text: |UD|12|2000–12–16|align=left| Piso de los Deportes,<br>

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|For

text: WBU

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text:
title.|- align=center|Win||30–1||align=left| Carlos Uribe|DSQ|5 (10)
2:17|2000–10–28|align=left| Club Atlético Lanús,

text: Lanús

text: Buenos Aires

text:
|align=left||- align=center|Win||29–1||align=left| Joel Mayo|DSQ|3 (10)
1:55|2000–03–18|align=left| Club Ciclista Juninense,

text: Junín

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||28–1||align=left| Sergio Liendo|RTD|5 (10)|2000–02–05|align=left|

text: Bolívar

text: Buenos Aires

text:
|align=left||- align=center|Win||27–1||align=left| Joao Pereira da Silva|RTD|6 (10)
0:31|1999–12–18|align=left| Radisson Victoria Plaza,

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||26–1||align=left| Affif Djelti|UD|12|1999–10–16|align=left| Club Los Padres Capuchinos,<br>

text: Concordia

text: Entre Ríos

text: |align=left|For

text: WBU

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||25–1||align=left| Catalino Becerra|TKO|2 (10)|1999–08–28|align=left| Club Glorias,

text: Tigre

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||24–1||align=left| Silvano Usini|TKO|8 (12)|1999–07–10|align=left|

text: Calatafimi-Segesta

text: Sicily

text: |align=left|Won vacant

text: WBU

text: <br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||23–1||align=left| Oscar Lopez|KO|6 (10)|1999–03–05|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||22–1||align=left| Ismael Agustini|UD|12|1998–12–18|align=left|

text: Morón

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|For South American<br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||21–1||align=left| Gustavo Cuello|UD|12|1998–10–03|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|For South American<br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||20–1||align=left| Walter Rodriguez|TKO|2 (12)|1998–08–15|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won South American<br>

text: Super featherweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||19–1||align=left| Jorge Medina|KO|1 (8)|1998–07–18|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||18–1||align=left| Miguel Angel Francia|TKO|5 (8)|1998–05–09|align=left| Club Juventud BBC,<br>

text: Santiago del Estero

text: Santiago del Estero

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||17–1||align=left| Antonio Avila|KO|1 (10)|1998–04–10|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||16–1||align=left| Ruben Astorga|KO|3 (8)|1998–03–06|align=left|

text: Tigre

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||15–1||align=left| César Domine|KO|2 (8)|1998–02–13|align=left| Club Atlético Quilmes,<br>

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||14–1||align=left| César Domine|DQ|4 (10)|1997–12–20|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||14–0||align=left| Manuel Billalba|RTD|9 (10)|1997–11–22|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||13–0||align=left| Rodolfo Rolon|TKO|5 (8)|1997–08–23|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||12–0||align=left| Eduardo Rodriguez|KO|1 (8)|1997–08–22|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||11–0||align=left| Miguel Angel Albarado|SD|8|1997–06–21|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||10–0||align=left| Dante Tablada|KO|1 (8)|1997–05–17|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||9–0||align=left| Benjamin Robles Murry|TKO|1 (6)|1997–04–19|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||8–0||align=left| Pedro Contreras|KO|5 (8)|1997–03–22|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||7–0||align=left| Osvaldo Cortes|KO|1 (8)|1997–02–22|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||6–0||align=left| José Luis Fernandez|KO|1 (8)|1997–01–25|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||5–0||align=left| Nestor Ayala|UD|6|1996–12–21|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||4–0||align=left| Walter Galvan|KO|2 (6)|1996–12–14|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||3–0||align=left| Fabian Eluaiza|KO|4 (6)|1996–11–16|align=left|

text: América 2

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||2–0||align=left| Nestor Centeno|KO|1 (6)|1996–09–06|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||1–0||align=left| Hector Martinez|KO|2 (6)|1996–08–10|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: |-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"| All air pollutants are human-made materials.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: |-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: As of 2013, the Clean Air Act regulates this many pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: |-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|California |||||

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: the following six important pollutants:

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog can build up on a winter day because inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: (12)|2009–11–21|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Castro|UD|12|2009–08–08|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: background:#e3e3e3;"|

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Wilson Alcorro|UD|10|2010–10–01|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: align=center|Win||50–4–1||align=left| Wilson Alcorro|UD|10|2010–10–01|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: align=center|Win||49–4–1||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Wilson Alcorro|UD|10|2010–10–01|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: br>Córdoba,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: br>Corrientes, Corrientes|align=left||-

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: WBO Latino

text: Air pollution is not contained and is carried by the wind all over the world. Industries contribute air pollution in the form of smog and haze in "downwind states". Sometimes pollution from "upwind states" blows into the downwind states, which can affect their air quality standards. These states can ask the EPA to enforce "a federal plan" to make sure that the standards are met. The Clean Air Act also requires that national parks maintain clear air; therefore, the EPA must collaborate with states to diminish the "regional haze" in national parks and wilderness areas.

text: Air pollution is not contained and is carried by the wind all over the world. Industries contribute air pollution in the form of smog and

text: haze

text: in "downwind states". Sometimes pollution from "upwind states" blows into the downwind states, which can affect their air quality standards. These states can ask the EPA to enforce "a federal plan" to make sure that the standards are met. The Clean Air Act also requires that national parks maintain clear air; therefore, the EPA must collaborate with states to diminish the "regional haze" in national parks and wilderness areas.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: not contained

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industries

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: downwind states

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Industries

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air pollution is not contained and is carried by the wind all over the world.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: not contained

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Industries

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: "regional haze"

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog and haze in "downwind states".

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog and haze

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Industries

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog and haze in "downwind states".

text: The SAQ database and website were commissioned by the Scottish Government. Launched in April 2007, SAQD was set up to provide a single source of air quality information for Scotland that would improve research quality to support and evaluate Scotland’s air quality policies whilst also providing the public with more easily understood and accessible local air quality information.

text: The SAQ database and website were commissioned by the Scottish Government. Launched in April 2007, SAQD was set up to provide a single source of air quality information for Scotland that would improve research quality to support and evaluate Scotland’s air quality policies whilst also providing the public with more easily understood and accessible local air quality information.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The SAQ database and website were commissioned by the Scottish Government.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2007,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The SAQ database and website were commissioned by the Scottish Government.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2007,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The SAQ database and website were commissioned by the Scottish Government.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Scotland’s air quality policies

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The SAQ database and website were commissioned by the Scottish Government.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The SAQ database and website were commissioned by the Scottish Government.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The SAQ database and website were commissioned by the Scottish Government.

text: Quality Air Force (QAF) was an initiative inside the United States Air Force in the 1990s that attempted to apply quality control to all activities.  The effort was associated with General Merrill McPeak.  Despite air force-wide training, it was largely a failure.  Quality control had been developed to help industrial manufacturers increase profits by reducing waste and producing consistent, defect-free physical goods.  Most Air Force personnel could not figure out how to apply the techniques of manufacturing's quality control to most of the duties of their Air Force missions, which are often human services depending upon individual skills, with little repetition and numerous exceptions, and difficult to measure in physical terms.

text: Quality Air Force (QAF) was an initiative inside the United States Air Force in the 1990s that attempted to apply

text: quality control

text: to all activities.  The effort was associated with

text: General Merrill McPeak

text: .  Despite air force-wide training, it was largely a failure.  Quality control had been developed to help industrial manufacturers increase profits by reducing waste and producing consistent, defect-free physical goods.  Most Air Force personnel could not figure out how to apply the techniques of manufacturing's quality control to most of the duties of their Air Force missions, which are often human services depending upon individual skills, with little repetition and numerous exceptions, and difficult to measure in physical terms.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What was the cause of the failure of QAF?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: defect-free physical goods.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: waste

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Quality Air Force

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: defect-free physical goods.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Quality Air Force

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Quality Air Force

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: reducing waste and producing consistent, defect-free physical goods.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Quality Air Force

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Quality Air Force

text: In motion control the focus is on straight linear motion, where the need is to move a system from one steady position to another (point-to-point motion). So effectively, the jerk resulting from tangential acceleration is under control. Prominent applications are elevators in people transportation, and the support of tools in machining. It is reported that most passengers rate a vertical jerk of 2.0 m/s in a lift ride as acceptable, 6.0 m/s as intolerable and for a hospital environment 0.7 m/s is suggested. In any case, limiting jerk is considered essential for riding convenience. ISO 18 738 defines how to measure elevator ride quality with respect to jerk, acceleration, vibrations and noise, but does not venture into defining what are different levels of elevator ride quality.

text: In

text: motion control

text: the focus is on straight linear motion, where the need is to move a system from one steady position to another (point-to-point motion). So effectively, the jerk resulting from tangential acceleration is under control. Prominent applications are elevators in people transportation, and the support of tools in machining. It is reported that most passengers rate a vertical jerk of 2.0 m/s in a lift ride as acceptable, 6.0 m/s as intolerable and for a hospital environment 0.7 m/s is suggested. In any case, limiting jerk is considered essential for riding convenience. ISO 18 738 defines how to measure elevator ride quality with respect to jerk, acceleration, vibrations and noise, but does not venture into defining what are different levels of elevator ride quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: noise

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: ISO 18 738

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: ISO 18 738

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: limiting jerk is considered essential for riding convenience. ISO 18 738

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: elevators

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2.0

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 6.0 m/s as intolerable

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: limiting jerk is considered essential for riding convenience. ISO 18 738

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ISO 18 738

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: limiting jerk is considered essential for riding convenience. ISO 18 738

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: ISO 18 738

text: Transportation (of all types including trucks, buses and cars) is a major contributor to air pollution in most industrialised nations. According to the American Surface Transportation Policy Project nearly half of all Americans are breathing unhealthy air. Their study showed air quality in dozens of metropolitan areas has worsened over the last decade.

text: Transportation (of all types including trucks, buses and cars) is a major contributor to air pollution in most industrialised nations. According to the American Surface Transportation Policy Project nearly half of all Americans are breathing unhealthy air. Their study showed air quality in dozens of metropolitan areas has worsened over the last decade.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrialised nations

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a major contributor

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: transportation

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Transportation

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrialised nations.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Transportation

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Transportation

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: half

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: nearly half of all Americans are breathing unhealthy air.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Transportation

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Transportation

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Transportation

text: There are also attempts to infer the unknown air quality all across the city from just the samples taken at stations, such as by estimating car emissions from floating car data. Zheng et al. built a model using machine learning and data mining called U-Air. It uses historical and real-time air data, meteorology, traffic flow, human mobility, road networks, and points of interest, which are fed to artificial neural networks and conditional random fields to be processed. Their model is a significant improvement over previous models of citywide air quality.

text: There are also attempts to infer the unknown air quality all across the city from just the samples taken at stations, such as by estimating car emissions from floating car data. Zheng et al. built a model using machine learning and data mining called U-Air. It uses historical and real-time air data, meteorology, traffic flow, human mobility, road networks, and points of interest, which are fed to artificial neural networks and conditional random fields to be processed. Their model is a significant improvement over previous models of citywide air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: car emissions from floating car data.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: U-Air.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: emissions

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: U-Air.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: car emissions from floating car data.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: U-Air.

text: govern the emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere. A specialized subset of air quality laws regulate the quality of air inside buildings. Air quality laws are often designed specifically to protect human health by limiting or eliminating airborne pollutant concentrations. Other initiatives are designed to address broader ecological problems, such as limitations on chemicals that affect the ozone layer, and emissions trading programs to address acid rain or climate change. Regulatory efforts include identifying and categorizing air pollutants, setting limits on acceptable emissions levels, and dictating necessary or appropriate mitigation technologies.

text: govern the emission of

text: air pollutants

text: into the

text: atmosphere

text: . A specialized subset of air quality laws regulate

text: the quality of air inside buildings

text: . Air quality laws are often designed specifically to protect human health by limiting or eliminating airborne pollutant concentrations. Other initiatives are designed to address broader ecological problems, such as limitations on chemicals that affect the

text: ozone layer

text: , and

text: emissions trading

text: programs to address

text: acid rain

text: or

text: climate change

text: . Regulatory efforts include identifying and categorizing air pollutants, setting limits on acceptable emissions levels, and dictating necessary or appropriate mitigation technologies.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: airborne pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: emissions trading programs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental concerns

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: limiting or eliminating airborne pollutant concentrations.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: govern the emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: identifying and categorizing air pollutants, setting limits on acceptable emissions levels,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: limiting or eliminating airborne pollutant concentrations.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: broader ecological problems,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: chemicals that affect the ozone layer,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: limiting or eliminating airborne pollutant concentrations.

text: Under the Clean Air Act (1990), states are required to implement vehicle emission inspection programs in metropolitan areas whose air quality does not meet federal standards.  The specifics of those programs vary from state to state. Some states, including Florida, Kentucky and Minnesota, have discontinued their testing programs in recent years with approval from the federal government.

text: Under the

text: Clean Air Act (1990)

text: , states are required to implement vehicle emission inspection programs in metropolitan areas whose air quality does not meet federal standards.  The specifics of those programs vary from state to state. Some states, including Florida, Kentucky and Minnesota, have discontinued their testing programs in recent years with approval from the federal government.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: not meeting federal standards

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Under the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Under the Clean Air Act (1990),

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality does not meet federal standards.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: standards.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Under the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality does not meet federal standards.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Act (1990),

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality does not meet federal standards.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act

text: CMAQ is an acronym for the Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model, a sophisticated atmospheric dispersion model developed by the US EPA to address regional air pollution problems. (For example, a multi-state area where ozone or fine particulate levels exceed the US health standards.)  In addition to simulating the emission, advection, diffusion, and deposition of air pollutants, CMAQ treats a wide array of chemical reactions that occur throughout the lower atmosphere.  For example, ozone forms in the atmosphere when nitrogen oxides interact with volatile organic compounds in the presence of sunlight.  Ammonium sulfate is formed in fine particulate matter when sulfuric acid (formed largely in cloud water) interacts with gas-phase ammonia.  Meteorological conditions such as subsidence inversions, decrease the amount fresh air available for dilution of air emissions, and increase the rate of production of secondary air pollutants.  CMAQ has the capability to accurately predict air pollution concentrations resulting from secondary formation.  Like any air dispersion model, CMAQ inputs air pollutant emissions and meteorological data and outputs air pollutant concentrations and deposited totals.  Its particular strength is in assessing the efficacy of regional emissions control strategies in reducing regional air pollution levels.

text: CMAQ is an acronym for the Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model, a sophisticated

text: atmospheric dispersion model

text: developed by the

text: US EPA

text: to address regional air pollution problems. (For example, a multi-state area where ozone or fine particulate levels exceed the

text: US health standards

text: .)  In addition to simulating the emission, advection, diffusion, and deposition of air pollutants, CMAQ treats a wide array of chemical reactions that occur throughout the lower atmosphere.  For example,

text: ozone

text: forms in the atmosphere when nitrogen oxides interact with volatile organic compounds in the presence of sunlight.  Ammonium sulfate is formed in

text: fine particulate matter

text: when sulfuric acid (formed largely in cloud water) interacts with gas-phase ammonia.  Meteorological conditions such as subsidence

text: inversions

text: , decrease the amount fresh air available for dilution of air emissions, and increase the rate of production of secondary air pollutants.  CMAQ has the capability to accurately predict air pollution concentrations resulting from secondary formation.  Like any air dispersion model, CMAQ inputs air pollutant emissions and meteorological data and outputs air pollutant concentrations and deposited totals.  Its particular strength is in assessing the efficacy of regional emissions control strategies in reducing regional air pollution levels.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: CMAQ

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is CMAQ an acronym for?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: CMAQ

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: ozone forms in the atmosphere when nitrogen oxides interact with volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: subsidence inversions,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: regional air pollution problems.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sunlight.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: fine particulate levels exceed the US health standards.)

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: CMAQ is an acronym for the Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: regional air pollution problems.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: subsidence inversions,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: subsidence inversions,

text: The environmental effects of the pollutants are fairly straightforward in that they are all potentially harmful to nature. The toxic tar releases chemicals that cause imbalances in the water and in the air, as well as seeding the sediments with more heavy metals than inherently exist in them. This can have a detrimental effect on local flora and fauna as their systems have to deal with potentially increased toxicity. On the atmospheric side, VOCs and SVOCs contribute to ground-level ozone, smog, and generally lower the air quality in the region they are present, though the amount of VOCs and SVOCs released into the atmosphere is very low under current conditions at the site

text: The environmental effects of the pollutants are fairly straightforward in that they are all potentially harmful to nature. The toxic tar releases chemicals that cause imbalances in the water and in the air, as well as seeding the sediments with more heavy metals than inherently exist in them. This can have a detrimental effect on local flora and fauna as their systems have to deal with potentially increased toxicity. On the atmospheric side, VOCs and SVOCs contribute to ground-level ozone, smog, and generally lower the air quality in the region they are present, though the amount of VOCs and SVOCs released into the atmosphere is very low under current conditions at the site

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: environmental effects

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Toxic tar

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The toxic tar

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The toxic tar

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: potentially harmful to nature.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: VOCs and SVOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: VOCs and SVOCs

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The toxic tar

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The toxic tar

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: VOCs and SVOCs

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: VOCs and SVOCs

text: Once air quality data are collected and submitted, some air quality laws may require government agencies or private parties to provide the public with access to the information - whether the raw data alone, or via tools to make the data more useful, accessible, and understandable. Where public access mandates are general, it may be left to the collecting agency to decide whether and to what extent the data is to be centralized and organized. For example, the United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Park Service, and tribal, state, and local agencies coordinate to produce an online mapping and data access tool called AirNow, which provides real-time public access to U.S. air quality index information, searchable by location.

text: Once air quality data are collected and submitted, some air quality laws may require government agencies or private parties to provide the public with access to the information - whether the raw data alone, or via tools to make the data more useful, accessible, and understandable. Where public access mandates are general, it may be left to the collecting agency to decide whether and to what extent the data is to be centralized and organized. For example, the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

entity_name: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

text: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

text: National Park Service

text: , and tribal, state, and local agencies coordinate to produce an online mapping and data access tool called AirNow, which provides real-time public access to U.S.

text: air quality index

text: information, searchable by location.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: some air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AirNow,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Oceanic and Atmospheric

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: United States Environmental Protection Agency,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: AirNow,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality data

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: some air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: AirNow,

text: The EPA received authority to research air quality. The 1970 Amendments to the Clean Air Act established the National Ambient Air Quality Standards, authorized requirements for control of motor vehicle emissions, increased the federal enforcement authority but required states to implement plans to adhere to these standards. The 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act of 1970 expanded and modified the National Ambient Air Quality Standards and expanded and modified enforcement authority. The amendments increased the mandates on states to comply with the federal standards for air quality. States have had to write up State Implementation Plans, have them approved by the EPA and must also fund the implementation.

text: The EPA received authority to research air quality. The 1970 Amendments to the Clean Air Act established the

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: , authorized requirements for control of motor vehicle emissions, increased the federal enforcement authority but required states to implement plans to adhere to these standards. The 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act of 1970 expanded and modified the National Ambient Air Quality Standards and expanded and modified enforcement authority. The amendments increased the mandates on states to comply with the federal standards for air quality. States have had to write up State Implementation Plans, have them approved by the EPA and must also fund the implementation.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: motor vehicle emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: motor vehicle emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: motor vehicle emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: motor vehicle emissions,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act of 1970

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: motor vehicle emissions,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: motor vehicle emissions,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The EPA received authority to research air quality.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: motor vehicle emissions,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: motor vehicle emissions,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: motor vehicle emissions,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: State Implementation Plans,

text: Due to a lack of strict zoning laws, the metropolitan areas' growth appears haphazard. Central areas like Yaowarat, Siam, Sukhumvit, and Sathorn have seen skyrocketing land speculation as foreign investors are allowed to own condominiums, giving rise to Manhattanization. At the same time, fringe areas are being developed and the boundaries are no longer visible between each provincial city center. Due to the speed of this urban sprawl over the past twenty years, the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration has sought to tackle rising problems of commute times, pollution, and deteriorating air quality. Recent administrations have been relatively successful in conserving the air quality, however the city still lacks an effective mass transit network and a clean and effective plan to resolve environmental issues. This form of urbanization is not limited to Bangkok. Traces of it can be found in metropolitan areas where there has been a surge in population. The Pattaya-Chonburi Metropolitan Area is a prime example due to the increase in residential high-rise living and the rush for commercial office space. The shared infrastructure of greater Bangkok and greater Pattaya-Chonburi, being physically close, helps fuel the latter's torrid development.

text: Due to a lack of strict

text: zoning

text: laws, the metropolitan areas' growth appears haphazard. Central areas like Yaowarat, Siam, Sukhumvit, and Sathorn have seen skyrocketing land speculation as foreign investors are allowed to own condominiums, giving rise to

text: Manhattanization

text: . At the same time, fringe areas are being developed and the boundaries are no longer visible between each provincial city center. Due to the speed of this urban sprawl over the past twenty years, the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration has sought to tackle rising problems of commute times, pollution, and deteriorating air quality. Recent administrations have been relatively successful in conserving the air quality, however the city still lacks an effective mass transit network and a clean and effective plan to resolve environmental issues. This form of urbanization is not limited to Bangkok. Traces of it can be found in metropolitan areas where there has been a surge in population. The

text: Pattaya-Chonburi Metropolitan Area

text: is a prime example due to the increase in residential high-rise living and the rush for commercial office space. The shared infrastructure of greater Bangkok and greater Pattaya-Chonburi, being physically close, helps fuel the latter's torrid development.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: recent twenty years

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: deteriorating air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: urban sprawl

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban sprawl

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: pollution, and deteriorating air quality.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Manhattanization.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: deteriorating air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: a lack of strict zoning laws,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: deteriorating air quality.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Manhattanization.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: deteriorating air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: pollution, and deteriorating air quality.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: a lack of strict zoning laws,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Manhattanization.

text: There are many ancient land features scattered throughout the village, as exemplified by placenames such as Ballyara and Turoe. The townland of D4 Lakafinna, to the South of Bullaun, contains an old castle and the local water scheme. It is local folklore that an unused tunnel exists between this castle and close to a house in Ballyara formerly of Paddy Finnerty. There is also a river which flows through Bullaun which used to have vast quantities of fresh water salmon of high quality. A well known place for fishing this quality fish was down behind Mick Brophy's turf shed. There are no salmon there nowadays as over fishing and pollution has caused them to be virtually extinct in East Galway. Bullaun is renowned for its clean air. In 2011 it won the award for cleanest air in Ireland. This was later revoked however as the air coming across from Killimordaly and Loughrea (usually a Polar Easterly breeze) was said to have contaminated the clean air over Bullaun. A committee was set up at the time to try to stop this and it remains to be seen what the outcome of this committee will be.

text: There are many ancient land features scattered throughout the village, as exemplified by placenames such as Ballyara and Turoe. The townland of D4 Lakafinna, to the South of Bullaun, contains an old castle and the local water scheme. It is local folklore that an unused tunnel exists between this castle and close to a house in Ballyara formerly of Paddy Finnerty. There is also a river which flows through Bullaun which used to have vast quantities of fresh water salmon of high quality. A well known place for fishing this quality fish was down behind Mick Brophy's turf shed. There are no salmon there nowadays as over fishing and pollution has caused them to be virtually extinct in East Galway. Bullaun is renowned for its clean air. In 2011 it won the award for cleanest air in Ireland. This was later revoked however as the air coming across from Killimordaly and Loughrea (usually a Polar Easterly breeze) was said to have contaminated the clean air over Bullaun. A committee was set up at the time to try to stop this and it remains to be seen what the outcome of this committee will be.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices .

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: over fishing

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: over fishing

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Killimordaly and Loughrea

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: cleanest air in Ireland.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Bullaun is renowned for its clean air.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Killimordaly

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Polar Easterly breeze)

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Polar Easterly breeze)

text: The Riverside area is referred to as a "smog belt" because of its above-average level of air pollution. In a comparison by the National Campaign Against Dirty Air Power (2003), the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario area was found to be one of the most polluted regions based on year-round particle measurements when compared to other U.S. cities. [NEJM 2004;351:1057-1067] Despite smog problems, the city has made efforts to reduce pollution by incorporating additional means of mass transit (Metrolink) and equipping its entire fleet of buses with natural gas. Smog has decreased considerably over the past years as local municipalities and counties work with the South Coast Air Quality Management District to implement measures to improve regional air quality. The smog alerts that people remember from decades ago are history. Most of Riverside's smog problems are the result of the prevailing wind patterns that blow the smog from the Los Angeles Basin and particulates generated by Southern California's multitude of vehicles, as well as the Port of Los Angeles and the Port of Long Beach into the Inland Empire.

text: The Riverside area is referred to as a "

text: smog

text: belt" because of its above-average level of

text: air pollution

text: . In a comparison by the National Campaign Against Dirty Air Power (2003), the Riverside-

text: San Bernardino

text: Ontario

text: area was found to be one of the most polluted regions based on year-round particle measurements when compared to other U.S. cities. [NEJM 2004;351:1057-1067] Despite smog problems, the city has made efforts to reduce pollution by incorporating additional means of

text: mass transit

text: Metrolink

text: ) and equipping its entire fleet of buses with

text: natural gas

text: . Smog has decreased considerably over the past years as local municipalities and counties work with the

entity_name: South Coast Air Quality Management District

text: South Coast Air Quality Management District

text: to implement measures to improve regional air quality. The smog alerts that people remember from decades ago are history. Most of Riverside's smog problems are the result of the prevailing wind patterns that blow the smog from the

text: Los Angeles Basin

text: and particulates generated by Southern California's multitude of vehicles, as well as the

text: Port of Los Angeles

text: and the

text: Port of Long Beach

text: into the

text: Inland Empire

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog belt

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the Riverside area is referred to as a "smog belt

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: prevailing wind patterns

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulates

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: above-average level of air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: particulates generated by Southern California's multitude of vehicles,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: National Campaign Against Dirty Air Power

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: above-average level

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: multitude of vehicles,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2004;351:1057-1067]

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "smog belt" because of its above-average level of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulates generated by Southern California's multitude of vehicles,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: multitude of vehicles,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: prevailing wind patterns that blow the smog from the Los Angeles Basin

text: For the past several years, there have been many debates among indoor air quality specialists about the proper definition of indoor air quality and specifically what constitutes "acceptable" indoor air quality.

text: For the past several years, there have been many debates among indoor air quality specialists about the proper definition of indoor air quality and specifically what constitutes "acceptable" indoor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: there have been many debates

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: For the past several years,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: there have been many debates

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: For the past several years, there have been many debates

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: "acceptable" indoor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: there have been many debates

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: many debates

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "acceptable" indoor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: there have been many debates

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: what constitutes "acceptable" indoor air quality.

text: The division assesses the extent of California's air quality problems and the progress being made to abate them, coordinates statewide development of clean air plans and maintains databases pertinent to air quality and emissions. The division's technical support work provides a basis for clean air plans and CARB's regulatory programs. This support includes management and interpretation of emission inventories, air quality data, meteorological data and of air quality modeling.

text: The division assesses the extent of California's air quality problems and the progress being made to abate them, coordinates statewide development of clean air plans and maintains databases pertinent to air quality and emissions. The division's technical support work provides a basis for clean air plans and CARB's regulatory programs. This support includes management and interpretation of emission inventories, air quality data,

text: meteorological

text: data and of

text: air quality modeling

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: California's

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: California's air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: California's air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: emissions.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: coordinates statewide development of clean air plans

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: emissions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: emission inventories,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California's

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: California's air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: emissions.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: clean air plans

text: The Association is a defender of the Clean Air Act

text: The Association is a defender of the

text: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a problem

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Association's opposition

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Association is a defender of the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act

text: The reduction of air infiltration within an earth shelter can be highly profitable. Because three walls of the structure are mainly surrounded by earth, very little surface area is exposed to the outside air. This alleviates the problem of warm air escaping the house through gaps around windows and door. Furthermore, the earth walls protect against the cold winter winds which might otherwise penetrate these gaps. However, this can also become a potential indoor air quality problem. The installation of vents is key.

text: The reduction of air infiltration within an earth shelter can be highly profitable. Because three walls of the structure are mainly surrounded by earth, very little surface area is exposed to the outside air. This alleviates the problem of warm air escaping the house through gaps around windows and door. Furthermore, the earth walls protect against the cold winter winds which might otherwise penetrate these gaps. However, this can also become a potential indoor air quality problem. The installation of vents is key.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality problem

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: indoor air quality problem

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: earth shelter

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: earth shelter

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality problem.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: warm

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: three

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: vents

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: warm air escaping the house

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The reduction of air infiltration

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: cold winter winds

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The installation of vents

text: Wyoming is divided into four air quality regions.  the most strictly regulated area is Sublette County, which contain the two natural gas fields of Jonah Field and Pinedale Anticline Project Area (PAPA). In 2013, 80 percent of the oil drilling permits issued by the Wyoming Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission were in Sublette County and four other counties (Campbell County, Converse County, Johnson County and Laramie County).

text: Wyoming is divided into four air quality regions.  the most strictly regulated area is

text: Sublette County

text: , which contain the two natural gas fields of

text: Jonah Field

text: and Pinedale Anticline Project Area (PAPA). In 2013, 80 percent of the oil drilling permits issued by the Wyoming

entity_name: Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission

text: Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission

text: were in Sublette County and four other counties (

text: Campbell County

text: Converse County

text: Johnson County

text: and

text: Laramie County

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: natural gas fields

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Sublette County

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: natural gas fields

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: natural gas fields

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Wyoming

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2013,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Wyoming

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: natural gas fields

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 80 percent

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Wyoming

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Wyoming is divided into four air quality regions.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Pinedale Anticline Project Area

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: natural gas fields

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Sublette County,

text: On April 21, 2004, the Transportation Planning Board voted to include the Intercounty Connector in future networks of the Washington region's transportation system for purposes of forecasting changes in air quality. On November 17, 2004, the Transportation Planning Board endorsed regional transportation plans which included the Intercounty Connector, determining that the proposed plans met air quality goals and that funding for the project was adequate.

text: On April 21, 2004, the Transportation Planning Board voted to include the Intercounty Connector in future networks of the Washington region's transportation system for purposes of forecasting changes in air quality. On November 17, 2004, the Transportation Planning Board endorsed regional transportation plans which included the Intercounty Connector, determining that the proposed plans met air quality goals and that funding for the project was adequate.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2004

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Transportation Planning Board voted to include the Intercounty Connector

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2004,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: transportation system

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2004,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 2004, the Transportation Planning Board voted to include the Intercounty Connector

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: changes in air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 2004,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: forecasting changes in air quality.

text: Air pollution in Hong Kong is considered a serious problem. Visibility is less than eight kilometers for 30% of the year. Cases of asthma and bronchial infections have soared in recent years due to reduced air quality.

text: Air pollution in Hong Kong is considered a serious problem. Visibility is less than eight kilometers for 30% of the year. Cases of

text: asthma

text: and bronchial infections have soared in recent years due to reduced air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: recent years

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: serious problem

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: recent years

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: serious problem.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: reduced air quality.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: eight kilometers

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air pollution in Hong Kong

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: asthma and bronchial infections

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: reduced air quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Visibility is less than eight kilometers for 30% of the year.

text: The Air Quality Division works to protect and restore air quality through four programs:Air Implementation Grants, Air Industrial Emissions Assessment,Air Modeling and Data Analysis,and Air Quality Planning.

text: The Air Quality Division works to protect and restore air quality through four programs:Air Implementation Grants, Air Industrial Emissions Assessment,Air Modeling and Data Analysis,and Air Quality Planning.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: air industrial emissions assessment

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: does the air quality division work to protect

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air industrial emissions assessment

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air Industrial Emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: programs:Air Implementation Grants, Air Industrial Emissions Assessment,Air

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Industrial Emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air Industrial Emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: four programs:Air Implementation Grants, Air Industrial Emissions

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: programs:Air Implementation Grants, Air Industrial Emissions Assessment,Air

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Industrial Emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Industrial Emissions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Industrial Emissions Assessment,Air Modeling and Data Analysis,and

text: Finnegan was Governor Pataki's first appointment in the new administration. He served as General Counsel to the Governor from 1995 to 1997, but was also the leading orchestrator of Pataki's measure that cut income tax rates by 25 percent over four years. In 1995, Finnegan ended a century-long debate when he successfully brokered the New York City Watershed Agreement by leading negotiations among county, state, federal and New York City governments, and the environmental community. Finnegan also conceived and negotiated Pataki's $1.75 billion Clean Water Clean Air Bond Act legislation and functioned as Executive Director of the Bond Act Committee.

text: Finnegan was Governor Pataki's first appointment in the new administration. He served as

text: General Counsel

text: to the Governor from 1995 to 1997, but was also the leading orchestrator of Pataki's measure that cut

text: income tax

text: rates by 25 percent over four years. In 1995, Finnegan ended a century-long debate when he successfully brokered the

text: New York City

text: Watershed Agreement by leading negotiations among county, state, federal and New York City governments, and the environmental community. Finnegan also conceived and negotiated

text: Pataki's $1.75 billion Clean Water Clean Air Bond Act

text: legislation and functioned as Executive Director of the Bond Act Committee.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: New York City

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Clean Water Clean Air Bond Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1995 to 1997,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Water Clean Air Bond Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: New York City

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: $1.75 billion Clean Water Clean Air Bond Act

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Finnegan was Governor Pataki's

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: century-long debate

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Water Clean Air Bond Act

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1995 to 1997,

text: In 1999, “AB 1105” made additional changes to the program. It authorized but did not require the Bureau of Automotive Repairs (BAR) to exempt vehicles up to six years old from the biennial smog check and gave the agency authorization to except additional vehicles by low-emitter profiling (Schwartz). It also created additional changes to the repair assistance program and provided BAR with increased flexibility for how much to pay drivers whose vehicle failed the smog check so that the vehicle may be scrapped.

text: In 1999, “AB 1105” made additional changes to the program. It authorized but did not require the Bureau of Automotive Repairs (BAR) to exempt vehicles up to six years old from the biennial smog check and gave the agency authorization to except additional vehicles by low-emitter profiling (Schwartz). It also created additional changes to the repair assistance program and provided BAR with increased flexibility for how much to pay drivers whose vehicle failed the smog check so that the vehicle may be scrapped.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions of particulates

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Schwartz

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: low-emitter profiling

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1999,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: low-emitter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: low-emitter

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: low-emitter

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: “AB 1105”

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog check

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: (Schwartz).

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: low-emitter

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: “AB 1105”

text: People who live in communities of color, low-income, and disadvantaged communities face health disparities due to poor air quality. Many of these communities are located near industries and means of transportation that cause a large amount of pollution to affect these areas. There is a greater abundance of harmful particulate matter in air pollution around these non-white and poorer communities than in white and wealthier communities. People who live near refineries are more likely to breathe in nickel and vanadium, and those living coal power plants are more likely to breathe in contents of high sulfate. Also, those who live near means of transportation such as busy highways are exposed to nitrates from vehicle exhaust. SB 535 is an example of environmental justice because it creates a solution to help these communities that have been affected by health disparities from the high exposures of “not only carbon dioxide, but also soot, methane, carbon monoxide and ozone. Many of these pollutants are associated with cancer, low birth weights, heart attacks, as well as respiratory problems like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.”  In addition, SB 535 guarantees that 10% of the 25% of money collected from the revenue can be directed towards reducing pollution and lessening the harmful health impacts from greenhouse gas emissions. Supporters of the SB 535 bill such as the American Lung Association and Regional Asthma Management and Prevention (RAMP) are making efforts to fight the health disparities that are a result from the polluting air.

text: People who live in communities of color, low-income, and disadvantaged communities face health disparities due to poor air quality. Many of these communities are located near industries and means of transportation that cause a large amount of pollution to affect these areas. There is a greater abundance of harmful particulate matter in air pollution around these non-white and poorer communities than in white and wealthier communities. People who live near refineries are more likely to breathe in nickel and vanadium, and those living coal power plants are more likely to breathe in contents of high sulfate. Also, those who live near means of transportation such as busy highways are exposed to nitrates from vehicle exhaust.

text: SB 535

text: is an example of

text: environmental justice

text: because it creates a solution to help these communities that have been affected by health disparities from the high exposures of “not only carbon dioxide, but also soot, methane, carbon monoxide and ozone. Many of these pollutants are associated with cancer, low birth weights, heart attacks, as well as respiratory problems like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.”  In addition, SB 535 guarantees that 10% of the 25% of money collected from the revenue can be directed towards reducing pollution and lessening the harmful health impacts from greenhouse gas emissions. Supporters of the SB 535 bill such as the American Lung Association and Regional Asthma Management and Prevention (RAMP) are making efforts to fight the health disparities that are a result from the polluting air.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: low-income

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: harmful particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal power plants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: health disparities

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide and ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: low-income

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: There is a greater abundance of harmful particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: poor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industries and means of transportation

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: carbon dioxide,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: SB 535

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: poor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon dioxide,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industries and means of transportation

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: SB 535

text: 83) Web of Danger  (#84 Smog Fiber, Spiderweb Iron Beast)

text: 83) Web of Danger  (#84 Smog Fiber, Spiderweb Iron Beast)

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Web of Danger

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog fiber

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 84

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: web of danger

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: web of danger

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog Fiber,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 83) Web of Danger

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog Fiber,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Smog Fiber,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 83) Web of Danger (#84 Smog Fiber,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 83) Web of Danger

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog Fiber,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Smog Fiber,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 83) Web of Danger

text: Gioia is a recognized leader in Bay Area regional government and on air quality issues. He was appointed by Governor Brown to serve on the California Air Resources Board in 2012 and has served on the Bay Area Air Quality Management District Board since 2006 (serving as Chair in 2012).

text: Gioia is a recognized leader in Bay Area regional government and on air quality issues. He was appointed by Governor Brown to serve on the California Air Resources Board in 2012 and has served on the Bay Area Air Quality Management District Board since 2006 (serving as Chair in 2012).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality issues

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality issues

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: California Air Resources Board in 2012

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2012

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality issues.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: California Air Resources Board in 2012

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California Air Resources Board

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality issues.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: California Air Resources Board

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Bay Area

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: California Air Resources Board in 2012

text: For VARTM to create high quality composite parts it is crucial that air leakages are avoided. Air leakages can cause resin to improperly flow through the mold and also lead to the formation of air bubbles. Defects in the form of voids occur when the composite cures with air bubbles inside of it. Air leakage can be caused by a defect in the vacuum bag, an improper application of the sealant tape, or an improper seal at the points where the hose meets the vacuum bag.

text: For VARTM to create high quality composite parts it is crucial that air leakages are avoided. Air leakages can cause resin to improperly flow through the mold and also lead to the formation of air bubbles. Defects in the form of voids occur when the composite cures with air bubbles inside of it. Air leakage can be caused by a defect in the vacuum bag, an improper application of the sealant tape, or an improper seal at the points where the hose meets the vacuum bag.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices .

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air leakages

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air leakages

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air leakages

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air leakages

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air leakages

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: For VARTM

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air leakages

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air leakages

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air leakages

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air leakages

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air leakages

text: The smog served as a catalyst for greater national awareness of air pollution as a serious health problem and political issue. New York City updated its local laws on air pollution control, and a similar weather event passed in 1969 without major smog. Prompted by the smog, President Lyndon B. Johnson and members of Congress worked to pass federal legislation regulating air pollution in the United States, culminating in the 1967 Air Quality Act and the 1970 Clean Air Act. Today, the smog has served as a milestone used for comparison with other recent pollution events, including the health effects of pollution from the September 11 attacks and pollution in China.

text: The smog served as a catalyst for greater national awareness of air pollution as a serious health problem and political issue. New York City updated its

text: local laws

text: on air pollution control, and a similar weather event passed in 1969 without major smog. Prompted by the smog, President

text: Lyndon B. Johnson

text: and members of Congress worked to pass federal legislation regulating air pollution in the United States, culminating in the 1967 Air Quality Act and the

text: 1970 Clean Air Act

text: . Today, the smog has served as a milestone used for comparison with other recent pollution events, including the

entity_name: Health effects arising from the September 11 attacks

text: health effects of pollution from the September 11 attacks

text: and

text: pollution in China

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: September 11 attacks

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: serious health problem

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1967 Air Quality Act and the 1970 Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: September 11 attacks

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: serious health problem and political issue.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: September 11 attacks

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1970 Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1967 Air Quality Act

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: New York City

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1969

text: To calculate SMOG

text: To calculate SMOG

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: To calculate SMOG

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the amount of particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and hydrocarbons

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: How much smog is there in the air?

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: SMOG

text: The definitions of VOCs used for control of precursors of photochemical smog used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state agencies in the US with independent outdoor air pollution regulations include exemptions for VOCs that are determined to be non-reactive, or of low-reactivity in the smog formation process.

text: The definitions of VOCs used for control of precursors of photochemical smog used by the

text: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) and state agencies in the US with independent outdoor air pollution regulations include exemptions for VOCs that are determined to be non-reactive, or of low-reactivity in the smog formation process.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: low-reactivity

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: exemptions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: US

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: VOCs used for control of precursors of photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: low-reactivity in the smog formation process.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: photochemical smog

text: In 1992, the CIAR awarded $72,760 to Antonio H. Miguel, Jari Cardoso, and Aquino Neto to study indoor air quality in offices and restaurants in the Brazilian cities of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. The CIAR also awarded Miguel additional funding in 1998 for another indoor air quality study, this time measuring air quality in Santiago, Chile, and Sao Paulo, Brazil. This study was based on the hypothesis that although both outdoor air and ETS could increase aerosol concentrations indoors, outdoor air was responsible for a significantly larger proportion of indoor aerosol concentrations than ETS was. The CIAR also funded research by Arthur Penn, of New York University, into the effects of exposure to tobacco smoke in chickens from 1990 to 1994. After some of his studies found that this exposure caused increased plaque buildup in the chickens' arteries, the CIAR refused to fund any more of his work. Another study funded by the CIAR was authored by Johns Hopkins researcher Genevieve Matanoski in 1995, and claimed that some cases of lung cancer previously attributed to passive smoking might actually be caused by other factors, such as diet. Another was the "16 cities study", authored by Roger Jenkins and published in 1996, examining levels of second-hand smoke measured by subjects in sixteen different cities at work and at home. The study concluded that homes were a greater source of exposure to second-hand smoke than workplaces, which led the tobacco industry to use its conclusions to argue that workplace smoking restrictions were unnecessary. This study has been criticized for suffering from "serious biases" that led to low values of exposure being reported.

text: In 1992, the CIAR awarded $72,760 to Antonio H. Miguel, Jari Cardoso, and Aquino Neto to study indoor air quality in offices and restaurants in the

text: Brazil

text: ian cities of

text: Sao Paulo

text: and

text: Rio de Janeiro

text: . The CIAR also awarded Miguel additional funding in 1998 for another indoor air quality study, this time measuring air quality in

text: Santiago, Chile

text: , and Sao Paulo, Brazil. This study was based on the hypothesis that although both outdoor air and ETS could increase aerosol concentrations indoors, outdoor air was responsible for a significantly larger proportion of indoor aerosol concentrations than ETS was. The CIAR also funded research by Arthur Penn, of

text: New York University

text: , into the effects of exposure to tobacco smoke in chickens from 1990 to 1994. After some of his studies found that this exposure caused increased plaque buildup in the chickens' arteries, the CIAR refused to fund any more of his work. Another study funded by the CIAR was authored by

text: Johns Hopkins

text: researcher Genevieve Matanoski in 1995, and claimed that some cases of

text: lung cancer

text: previously attributed to passive smoking might actually be caused by other factors, such as diet. Another was the "16 cities study", authored by Roger Jenkins and published in 1996, examining levels of second-hand smoke measured by subjects in sixteen different cities at work and at home. The study concluded that homes were a greater source of exposure to second-hand smoke than workplaces, which led the tobacco industry to use its conclusions to argue that workplace smoking restrictions were unnecessary. This study has been criticized for suffering from "serious biases" that led to low values of exposure being reported.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: second-hand smoke

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Tobacco

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: outdoor air

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: ETS

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: aerosol concentrations indoors,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ETS

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: $72,760

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: the tobacco industry

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: ETS

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ETS

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: outdoor air

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "16 cities study",

text: The definitive beginning of Golden Smog is hard to pinpoint given the mercurial nature of the band's lineup.  However, some claim that the group that would evolve into Golden Smog debuted in January 1987, when a band billed as 'The Take It To The Limit Band' played an (almost) all-Eagles cover show at the Uptown Bar in Minneapolis.  This band consisted of Dan Murphy and Dave Pirner (both of Soul Asylum), Jim Boquist (later of Son Volt), and Martin Zellar (Gear Daddies).  The show ended with a cover of then Bangles hit song "Walk Like an Egyptian."  This same group later played a Rolling Stones-themed show in 1989 under the band name "Her Satanic Majesty's Paycheck."

text: The definitive beginning of Golden Smog is hard to pinpoint given the mercurial nature of the band's lineup.  However, some claim that the group that would evolve into Golden Smog debuted in January 1987, when a band billed as 'The Take It To The Limit Band' played an (almost) all-

text: Eagles

text: cover show at the Uptown Bar in

text: Minneapolis

text: .  This band consisted of Dan Murphy and

text: Dave Pirner

text: (both of Soul Asylum),

text: Jim Boquist

text: (later of

text: Son Volt

text: ), and

text: Martin Zellar

text: Gear Daddies

text: ).  The show ended with a cover of then

text: Bangles

text: hit song "

text: Walk Like an Egyptian

text: ."  This same group later played a

text: Rolling Stones

text: -themed show in 1989 under the band name "Her Satanic Majesty's Paycheck."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 'The Take It To The Limit Band'

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1987,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 1987,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1987,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1987,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Bangles

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "Walk Like an Egyptian."

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Minneapolis.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: January 1987,

text: "Five years ago, air quality wasn't a concern when people considered whether to relocate to Hong Kong", said Jardine Engineering Corp. Chief Executive James Graham. "[In the past, one of the advantages was clean air. We can no longer say that". A London-based human resources consultant recommends that companies pay a 10 percent hardship allowance to lure expatriates, partly because of air quality.

text: "Five years ago, air quality wasn't a concern when people considered whether to relocate to Hong Kong", said Jardine Engineering Corp. Chief Executive James Graham. "[In the past, one of the advantages was clean air. We can no longer say that". A London-based human resources consultant recommends that companies pay a 10 percent hardship allowance to lure expatriates, partly because of air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: not enough information

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unfavorable climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: We can no longer say that".

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: We can no longer say that".

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: We can no longer say that".

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Hong Kong",

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality wasn't a concern

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Hong Kong",

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 10 percent hardship allowance to lure expatriates,

text: The Air District later began to regulate agricultural burning in 1968, and banned backyard burning in 1970. In 1971, the Air District adopted emissions standards for lead, and Napa, Solano, and Sonoma counties became members of the Air District. The following year, the Air District began making daily air quality broadcasts through the "smog phone," and the board adopted the first odor regulation in the United States. California's first gasoline vapor recovery program was started in 1974 by the Air District. In 1975, the country's first air quality ozone model was completed by the Air District. The Bay Area Air Pollution Control District changed its name to the Bay Area Air Quality Management district three years later. In 1980, the Air District proposed a "Smog Check" program, one that would be adopted statewide by 1982. 1989 saw the nation's first limits on emissions from commercial bakeries and marine vessel loading, and the following year, emissions from aerosol spray products also came under regulation. In 1991, the Spare the Air program was started, made to notify the public of when air quality is forecast to exceed federal standards. The Air District founded its vehicle buyback program in 1996, intended to buy and scrap older, more polluting automobiles. In 1998, the Air District began administrating the Carl Moyer Program to reduce emissions by upgrading heavy-duty diesel engines. In 1998 and 1999, the Air District took steps to reduce particulate matter, primarily through regulating woodburning appliances and monitoring particulate matter through pre-existing air quality monitoring stations. In 2005, the Air District began to regulate emissions from refinery flares.

text: The Air District later began to regulate agricultural burning in 1968, and banned backyard burning in 1970. In 1971, the Air District adopted emissions standards for lead, and Napa, Solano, and Sonoma counties became members of the Air District. The following year, the Air District began making daily air quality broadcasts through the "smog phone," and the board adopted the first odor regulation in the

text: United States

text: . California's first gasoline vapor recovery program was started in 1974 by the Air District. In 1975, the country's first air quality

text: ozone

text: model was completed by the Air District. The Bay Area Air Pollution Control District changed its name to the Bay Area Air Quality Management district three years later. In 1980, the Air District proposed a "Smog Check" program, one that would be adopted statewide by 1982. 1989 saw the nation's first limits on emissions from commercial bakeries and marine vessel loading, and the following year, emissions from aerosol spray products also came under regulation. In 1991, the

text: Spare the Air

text: program was started, made to notify the public of when air quality is forecast to exceed federal standards. The Air District founded its vehicle buyback program in 1996, intended to buy and scrap older, more polluting automobiles. In 1998, the Air District began administrating the

entity_name: Carl Moyer Memorial Air Quality Standards Attainment Program

text: Carl Moyer Program

text: to reduce emissions by upgrading heavy-duty diesel engines. In 1998 and 1999, the Air District took steps to reduce particulate matter, primarily through regulating woodburning appliances and monitoring

text: particulate matter

text: through pre-existing air quality monitoring stations. In 2005, the Air District began to regulate emissions from refinery flares.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: agricultural burning

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: agricultural burning

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: commercial bakeries

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1968, and banned backyard burning in 1970.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: agricultural burning

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: emissions from commercial bakeries and marine vessel loading,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California's first gasoline vapor recovery program

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: banned backyard burning

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: lead,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: agricultural burning

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: In 2005, the Air District began to regulate emissions from refinery flares.

text: Suppose it is desired to measure the position and speed of an object – for example a car going through a radar speed trap.  It can be assumed that the car has a definite position and speed at a particular moment in time. How accurately these values can be measured depends on the quality of the measuring equipment – if the precision of the measuring equipment is improved, it will provide a result that is closer to the true value.  It might be assumed that the speed of the car and its position could be operationally defined and measured simultaneously, as precisely as might be desired.

text: Suppose it is desired to measure the position and speed of an object – for example a car going through a radar speed trap.  It can be assumed that the car has a definite position and speed at a particular moment in time. How accurately these values can be measured depends on the quality of the measuring equipment – if the precision of the measuring equipment is improved, it will provide a result that is closer to the true value.  It might be assumed that the speed of the car and its position could be operationally defined and measured simultaneously, as precisely as might be desired.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollution of the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: car going through a radar speed trap.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: How accurately these values can be measured depends on the quality of the measuring equipment

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: radar speed trap.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: car going through a radar speed trap.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: radar speed trap.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: How accurately these values can be measured depends on the quality of the measuring equipment

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: radar speed trap.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: radar speed trap.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: radar speed trap.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: How accurately these values can be measured depends on the quality of the measuring equipment

text: TreePeople was founded in Los Angeles in 1973 by then 18-year-old activist Andy Lipkis. Lipkis and a group of other teenagers began planting trees three years prior at summer camp in the San Bernardino Mountains. Lipkis heard that smog from Los Angeles was drifting up to the mountains and killing the forest. He rallied his fellow campers, tore up a parking lot, planted smog-tolerant trees ... and TreePeople was born.

text: TreePeople was founded in

text: Los Angeles

text: in 1973 by then 18-year-old activist Andy Lipkis. Lipkis and a group of other teenagers began planting trees three years prior at summer camp in the

text: San Bernardino Mountains

text: . Lipkis heard that smog from Los Angeles was drifting up to the mountains and killing the

text: forest

text: . He rallied his fellow campers, tore up a parking lot, planted smog-tolerant trees ... and TreePeople was born.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1973

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Los Angeles was drifting up to the mountains and killing the forest.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1973

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: summer camp in the San Bernardino Mountains.

text: Several NGOs have worked to improve the accuracy of Wilmington air quality data and air quality in order to protect approximately 1400 children who live or visit schools or childcare facilities at Wilmington. The environmental group “Coalition For a Safe Environment” installed an air pollution monitoring devices on the residential buildings in Wilmington in order to prove that emissions from local oil refineries and diesel trucks to the ports pollute the air in Wilmington, disproportionately affecting Wilmington residents to suffer from health problems including lung diseases and respiratory diseases.

text: Several NGOs have worked to improve the accuracy of Wilmington air quality data and air quality in order to protect approximately 1400 children who live or visit schools or childcare facilities at Wilmington. The environmental group “Coalition For a Safe Environment” installed an air pollution monitoring devices on the residential buildings in Wilmington in order to prove that emissions from local oil refineries and diesel trucks to the ports pollute the air in Wilmington, disproportionately affecting Wilmington residents to suffer from health problems including lung diseases and respiratory diseases.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions from local oil refineries

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: diesel trucks

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: diesel trucks

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: oil refineries and diesel trucks

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Wilmington residents to suffer from health problems including lung diseases and respiratory diseases.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: lung diseases and respiratory diseases.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: oil refineries and diesel trucks

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1400

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Wilmington.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: emissions from local oil refineries

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: oil refineries and diesel trucks

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: oil refineries

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air pollution monitoring devices

text: Photochemical and chemical reactions involving it drive many of the chemical processes that occur in the atmosphere by day and by night. At abnormally high concentrations brought about by human activities (largely incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, etc.), it is a pollutant, and a constituent of smog. Many highly energetic reactions produce it, ranging from combustion to photocopying. Often laser printers will have a smell of ozone , which in high concentrations is toxic. Ozone is a powerful oxidizing agent readily reacting with other chemical compounds to make many possibly toxic oxides.

text: Photochemical and chemical reactions involving it drive many of the chemical processes that occur in the atmosphere by day and by night. At abnormally high concentrations brought about by human activities (largely incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, etc.), it is a

text: pollutant

text: , and a constituent of

text: smog

text: . Many highly energetic reactions produce it, ranging from combustion to photocopying. Often laser printers will have a smell of ozone , which in high concentrations is toxic. Ozone is a powerful

text: oxidizing agent

text: readily reacting with other chemical compounds to make many possibly

text: toxic

text: oxides.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: human activities

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: At abnormally high concentrations

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: human activities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: human activities

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: gasoline, diesel

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: human activities

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: fossil fuels,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: human activities

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: human activities (largely incomplete combustion of fossil fuels,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: human activities (largely incomplete combustion of fossil fuels,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ozone,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: ozone,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: human activities (largely incomplete combustion of fossil fuels,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: ozone,

text: In the final chapter, it is revealed that all Goo Balls, except "scientifically pure" have been sucked away to the shattered pieces of the Corporation's Headquarters. The remaining Goo Balls decide to work their way up the island to reach a site where a telescope is located. The final level of the game reveals that the Goo Balls are now completely extinct, all the remaining having been sucked away to the shattered remains of the World of Goo Corporation and added to the tower, and the gigantic telescope at the site has been rendered useless as it cannot see past the layer of smog. The Sign Painter reveals that in his final sign he has now become the Telescope Operator. Some balloon-like fish in the sea connect to the telescope and lift it out of the ground, where it breaks through the layer of smog and sees the tower of goo that has been built at the former World of Goo Corporation Headquarters, which can also see past the smog. The telescope falls back to earth before it could see what the Goo Balls were building towards. A final and last cutscene reveals their goal; the camera pans up into space to reveal that the Goo Balls that escaped at the end of Chapter 1 have managed to reach a far-off planet populated entirely by Goo Balls.

text: In the final chapter, it is revealed that all Goo Balls, except "scientifically pure" have been sucked away to the shattered pieces of the Corporation's Headquarters. The remaining Goo Balls decide to work their way up the island to reach a site where a

text: telescope

text: is located. The final level of the game reveals that the Goo Balls are now completely

text: extinct

text: , all the remaining having been sucked away to the shattered remains of the World of Goo Corporation and added to the tower, and the gigantic telescope at the site has been rendered useless as it cannot see past the layer of smog. The Sign Painter reveals that in his final sign he has now become the Telescope Operator. Some balloon-like

text: fish

text: in the sea connect to the telescope and lift it out of the ground, where it breaks through the layer of smog and sees the tower of goo that has been built at the former World of Goo Corporation Headquarters, which can also see past the smog. The telescope falls back to earth before it could see what the Goo Balls were building towards. A final and last cutscene reveals their goal; the camera pans up into space to reveal that the Goo Balls that escaped at the end of Chapter 1 have managed to reach a far-off planet populated entirely by Goo Balls.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World of Goo Corporation

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: goo balls

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Goo Balls

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: the Goo Balls are now completely extinct,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Goo Balls,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "scientifically pure"

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Goo Balls,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: a far-off planet populated entirely by Goo Balls.

text: In both of these major valleys, temperature inversions are a major problem during winter. These temperature inversions can bring extremely cold temperatures, fog, smog, and haze to the valleys, sometimes for more than two weeks at a time.

text: In both of these major valleys,

text: temperature inversion

text: s are a major problem during winter. These temperature inversions can bring extremely cold temperatures,

text: fog

text: smog

text: , and

text: haze

text: to the valleys, sometimes for more than two weeks at a time.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: inversions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog, and haze

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: winter.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog, and haze

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: two

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: two weeks at a time.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog, and haze

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: temperature inversions

text: Lithographs made at the time of the boom in industrial production show a thick smog over the valleys and the nearby towns and it reasonable to suppose that air quality was very poor both in the valley floor and in the nearby residential areas. A local doctor, Thomas Williams, wrote a book called The Effects of the Copper-Smoke in 1854. He described the landscape, atmosphere, and the complaints of local farmers.

text: Lithograph

text: s made at the time of the boom in industrial production show a thick

text: smog

text: over the valleys and the nearby towns and it reasonable to suppose that

text: air quality

text: was very poor both in the valley floor and in the nearby residential areas. A local doctor, Thomas Williams, wrote a book called The Effects of the Copper-Smoke in 1854. He described the landscape, atmosphere, and the complaints of local farmers.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: boom in industrial production

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: thick smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial production

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industrial production

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: boom in industrial production

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial production

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Copper-Smoke in 1854.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air quality was very poor

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Copper-Smoke

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial production

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: thick smog

text: While the earlier measuring index was limited to three indicators, the current measurement index had been made quite comprehensive by the addition of five additional parameters. Under the current measurement of air quality there are 8 parameters . The initiatives undertaken by the Ministry recently aimed at balancing environment and conservation and development as air pollution has been a matter of environmental and health concerns, particularly in urban areas.

text: While the earlier measuring index was limited to three indicators, the current measurement index had been made quite comprehensive by the addition of five additional parameters. Under the current measurement of air quality there are 8 parameters . The initiatives undertaken by the Ministry recently aimed at balancing environment and conservation and development as air pollution has been a matter of environmental and health concerns, particularly in urban areas.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: environmental and health concerns

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: urban areas.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: environmental and health concerns,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: urban areas.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 8

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air pollution has been a matter of environmental and health concerns,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution has been a matter of environmental and health concerns,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: five

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban areas.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air pollution has been a matter of environmental and health concerns,

text: Smog was brought to the attention of the general US public in 1933 with the publication of the book "Stop That Smoke", by Henry Obermeyer, a New York public utility official, in which he pointed out the effect on human life and even the destruction of  of a farmer's spinach crop. Since then, the United States Environmental Protection Agency has designated over 300 U.S. counties to be non-attainment areas for one or more pollutants tracked as part of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. These areas are largely clustered around large metropolitan areas, with the largest contiguous non-attainment zones in California and the Northeast. Various U.S. and Canadian government agencies collaborate to produce real-time air quality maps and forecasts.

text: Smog was brought to the attention of the general US public in 1933 with the publication of the book "Stop That Smoke", by Henry Obermeyer, a New York public utility official, in which he pointed out the effect on human life and even the destruction of  of a farmer's spinach crop. Since then, the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: has designated over 300 U.S. counties to be non-attainment areas for one or more pollutants tracked as part of the

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: . These areas are largely clustered around large metropolitan areas, with the largest contiguous non-attainment zones in California and the Northeast. Various U.S. and Canadian government agencies collaborate to produce real-time air quality maps and forecasts.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: large metropolitan areas

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: large metropolitan areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: pollutants tracked as part of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1933

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: large metropolitan areas,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: over 300

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: the largest contiguous non-attainment zones in California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: large metropolitan areas,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog was brought to the attention of the general US public in 1933

text: The Greater Vancouver Regional District (GVRD) has a clearly defined role in air pollution control and has delegated authority from the province (Montreal is the only other jurisdiction in Canada with this delegated authority). The Fraser Valley Regional District has delegated authority to plan but not manage air quality.

text: The

text: Greater Vancouver Regional District

text: (GVRD) has a clearly defined role in air pollution control and has delegated authority from the province (Montreal is the only other jurisdiction in Canada with this delegated authority). The Fraser Valley Regional District has delegated authority to plan but not manage air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: GVRD

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Greater Vancouver Regional District

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Greater Vancouver Regional District

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Greater Vancouver Regional District

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The Greater Vancouver Regional District

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Greater Vancouver Regional District

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Greater Vancouver Regional District

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Greater Vancouver Regional District

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Greater Vancouver Regional District

text: Congressional interest and public pressure for greater air pollution regulation had existed since the signing of the 1963 Clean Air Act, the first federal legislation on the issue, but further action was opposed by members of congress who believed responsibility for air regulation properly lay with the states, not the federal government. Partly in response to the added public pressure spurred by the smog event, Congress passed and Johnson signed the 1967 Air Quality Act, which amended the 1963 Clean Air Act to provide for study of air quality and control methods. The Air Quality Act was not without criticism for its ineffectiveness: a 2011 encyclopedia of environmental law judged that the act "was a failure but it was the first step in federal air pollution control." Among contemporaneous critics, Ralph Nader affiliate and environmentalist John C. Esposito wrote the book Vanishing Air to accuse Muskie of watering down the bill and adding needless complications in order to satisfy industry. Calls for greater air pollution regulation in this era culminated with the passage under President Richard Nixon of the 1970 Clean Air Act, which supplanted the Air Quality Act and has been described as the most significant environmental legislation in American history.

text: Congressional interest and public pressure for greater air pollution regulation had existed since the signing of the 1963 Clean Air Act, the first federal legislation on the issue, but further action was opposed by members of congress who believed responsibility for air regulation properly lay with the states, not the federal government. Partly in response to the added public pressure spurred by the smog event, Congress passed and Johnson signed the

text: 1967 Air Quality Act

text: , which amended the

text: 1963 Clean Air Act

text: to provide for study of air quality and control methods. The Air Quality Act was not without criticism for its ineffectiveness: a 2011 encyclopedia of environmental law judged that the act "was a failure but it was the first step in federal air pollution control." Among contemporaneous critics,

text: Ralph Nader

text: affiliate and environmentalist John C. Esposito wrote the book Vanishing Air to accuse Muskie of watering down the bill and adding needless complications in order to satisfy industry. Calls for greater air pollution regulation in this era culminated with the passage under President

text: Richard Nixon

text: of the

text: 1970 Clean Air Act

text: , which supplanted the Air Quality Act and has been described as the most significant environmental legislation in American history.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1963 Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog event,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: responsibility for air regulation properly lay with the states, not the federal government.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industry.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1963 Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1967 Air Quality Act,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog event,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1963 Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: public pressure

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1967 Air Quality Act,

text: One way of quantitatively ensuring the health of indoor air is by the frequency of effective turnover of interior air by replacement with outside air.  In the UK, for example, classrooms are required to have 2.5 outdoor air changes per hour.  In halls, gym, dining, and physiotherapy spaces, the ventilation should be sufficient to limit carbon dioxide to 1,500 ppm. In the USA, and according to ASHRAE Standards, ventilation in classrooms is based on the amount of outdoor air per occupant plus the amount of outdoor air per unit of floor area, not air changes per hour. Since carbon dioxide indoors comes from occupants and outdoor air, the adequacy of ventilation per occupant is indicated by the concentration indoors minus the concentration outdoors. The value of 615 ppm above the outdoor concentration indicates approximately 15 cubic feet per minute of outdoor air per adult occupant doing sedentary office work where outdoor air contains 385 ppm, the current global average atmospheric CO concentration. In classrooms, the requirements in the ASHRAE standard 62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, would typically result in about 3 air changes per hour, depending on the occupant density. Of course the occupants aren't the only source of pollutants, so outdoor air ventilation may need to be higher when unusual or strong sources of pollution exist indoors. When outdoor air is polluted, then bringing in more outdoor air can actually worsen the overall quality of the indoor air and exacerbate some occupant symptoms related to outdoor air pollution. Generally, outdoor country air is better than indoor city air. Exhaust gas leakages can occur from furnace metal exhaust pipes that lead to the chimney when there are leaks in the pipe and the pipe gas flow area diameter has been reduced.

text: One way of quantitatively ensuring the health of indoor air is by the frequency of effective turnover of interior air by replacement with outside air.  In the UK, for example, classrooms are required to have 2.5 outdoor

text: air changes per hour

text: .  In halls, gym, dining, and physiotherapy spaces, the

text: ventilation

text: should be sufficient to limit

text: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: indoor city air

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: indoor air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: indoor city air

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: outdoor air ventilation

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: ation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: occupants aren't the only source

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: outdoor country air is better than indoor city air.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 3

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Generally, outdoor country air is better than indoor city air.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: outdoor air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Exhaust gas leakages

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: indoor city air.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Exhaust gas leakages

text: NETL (National Energy Technology Laboratory) will monitor ambient air quality at the Washington County site using a mobile air quality monitoring laboratory. NETL also will conduct targeted on-site measurements of air emissions during well development and production activities and use collected data in atmospheric chemistry and transport models to further understanding of local and regional air quality impacts.

text: NETL (National Energy Technology Laboratory) will monitor ambient air quality at the Washington County site using a mobile air quality monitoring laboratory. NETL also will conduct targeted on-site measurements of air emissions during well development and production activities and use collected data in atmospheric chemistry and transport models to further understanding of local and regional air quality impacts.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: well development and production activities

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air emissions during well development and production activities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: emissions

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NETL

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Washington County

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: (National Energy Technology Laboratory) will monitor ambient air quality

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: well development and production activities

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: mobile air quality monitoring laboratory.

text: The center of the metropolitan area sits in a valley, the Denver Basin, and suffers from air pollution known colloquially as the brown cloud, building up if the air is stagnant as it often is in the winter. Severity of pollution in this area has varied enormously over the years. In the late 1980s the area was frequently in violation of multiple National Ambient Air Quality Standards established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The Regional Air Quality Council (RAQC) was formed in 1989 to create plans to address the problem. Through a variety of measures the area's air quality was improved and in 2002 the EPA designated the area in compliance with all federal health-based air quality standards. Denver was the first major city in the United States to reach compliance with all six of these standards after previously violating five of them  Since then the EPA introduced a new standard for small particulates and made the existing ozone standard stricter. In 2003 the new ozone standard was frequently exceeded in the area and was occasionally exceeded as far away as Rocky Mountain National Park. The RAQC hopes to implement plans enabling the area to comply with the new standards by 2007.

text: The center of the metropolitan area sits in a valley, the

text: Denver Basin

text: , and suffers from

text: air pollution

text: known colloquially as the brown cloud, building up if the air is stagnant as it often is in the winter. Severity of pollution in this area has varied enormously over the years. In the late 1980s the area was frequently in violation of multiple

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: established by the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA). The Regional Air Quality Council (RAQC) was formed in 1989 to create plans to address the problem. Through a variety of measures the area's air quality was improved and in 2002 the EPA designated the area in compliance with all federal health-based air quality standards. Denver was the first major city in the United States to reach compliance with all six of these standards after previously violating five of them  Since then the EPA introduced a new standard for small particulates and made the existing ozone standard stricter. In 2003 the new ozone standard was frequently exceeded in the area and was occasionally exceeded as far away as

text: Rocky Mountain National Park

text: . The RAQC hopes to implement plans enabling the area to comply with the new standards by 2007.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the center of the metropolitan area

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: In the late 1980s

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: brown cloud,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the brown cloud,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: brown cloud, building up if the air is stagnant

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Denver Basin,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: small particulates

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: the air is stagnant as it often is in the winter.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: if the air is stagnant

text: AirCare was an initiative started in 1992 to improve air quality in British Columbia, Canada through the systematic testing of road vehicles in order to reduce their emissions. Light-duty vehicles were suggested to be the biggest contributors to air pollutants that form smog and a small percentage of vehicles were contributing a large percentage of the pollutants. AirCare ran for 22 years and was cancelled on December 31, 2014. AirCare was cancelled due to the fact that new vehicles were continuously becoming more eco-friendly, and the percentage of old cars on the road was decreasing.

text: AirCare was an initiative started in 1992 to improve air quality in

text: British Columbia

text: Canada

text: through the systematic testing of road vehicles in order to reduce their emissions. Light-duty vehicles were suggested to be the biggest contributors to air pollutants that form smog and a small percentage of vehicles were contributing a large percentage of the pollutants. AirCare ran for 22 years and was cancelled on December 31, 2014. AirCare was cancelled due to the fact that new vehicles were continuously becoming more eco-friendly, and the percentage of old cars on the road was decreasing.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Light-duty vehicles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: light-duty vehicles

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: light-duty vehicles

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Light-duty vehicles

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AirCare ran for 22 years and was cancelled on December 31, 2014.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Light-duty vehicles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 22 years and was cancelled on December 31, 2014.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: AirCare ran for 22 years and was cancelled on December 31, 2014.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Light-duty vehicles

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Light-duty vehicles

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Light-duty vehicles

text: The Clean Air Act 1956 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed in response to London's Great Smog of 1952. It was in effect until 1964, and sponsored by the Ministry of Housing and Local Government in England and the Department of Health for Scotland.

text: The Clean Air Act 1956 was an

text: Act

text: of the

text: Parliament of the United Kingdom

text: passed in response to

text: London

text: 's

text: Great Smog of 1952

text: . It was in effect until 1964, and sponsored by the

entity_name: Ministry of Housing and Local Government

text: Ministry of Housing and Local Government

text: in England and the Department of Health for Scotland.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Great Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act 1956

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Great Smog of 1952.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1964,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: London's Great Smog of 1952.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: London's Great Smog of 1952.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Clean Air Act 1956

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: London's Great Smog of 1952.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: London's Great Smog of 1952.

text: CAN aims to fully inform all Hong Kong citizens about the dangers of air pollution in order to assemble support and pressure for the government to change policies surrounding air quality. Included amongst the corporation’s goals is attainment of tighter AQOs from the Hong Kong government, more specifically the adoption of the World Health Organization’s recommended air quality standards. Likewise, CAN encourages the involvement of public health officials in devising air quality policy by bringing the issue of air quality onto the campaign agendas of politicians.

text: CAN aims to fully inform all Hong Kong citizens about the dangers of air pollution in order to assemble support and pressure for the government to change policies surrounding air quality. Included amongst the corporation’s goals is attainment of tighter AQOs from the Hong Kong government, more specifically the adoption of the World Health Organization’s recommended air quality standards. Likewise, CAN encourages the involvement of public health officials in devising air quality policy by bringing the issue of air quality onto the campaign agendas of politicians.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: dangers

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World Health Organization’s recommended air quality standards.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: dangers

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: World Health Organization’s recommended air quality standards.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: World Health Organization’s recommended air quality standards.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: dangers of air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: World Health Organization’s

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: World Health Organization’s

text: As the quality of process models is being discussed in this paper, there is a need to elaborate quality of modeling techniques as an important essence in quality of process models.  In most existing framework created for understanding the quality, the line between quality of modeling techniques and the quality of models as a result of the application of those techniques are not clearly drawn.  This report will concentrate both on quality of process modeling techniques and quality of process models to clearly differentiate the two.Various frameworks were developed to help in understanding quality of process modeling techniques, one example is Quality based modeling evaluation framework or known as Q-Me framework which argued to provide set of well defined quality properties and procedures to make an objective assessment of this properties possible.This framework also has advantages of providing uniform and formal description of the model element within one or different model types using one modeling techniquesIn short this can make assessment of both the product quality and the process quality of modeling techniques with regard to a set of properties that have been defined before.

text: As the quality of process models is being discussed in this paper, there is a need to elaborate quality of modeling techniques as an important essence in quality of process models.  In most existing framework created for understanding the quality, the line between quality of modeling techniques and the quality of models as a result of the application of those techniques are not clearly drawn.  This report will concentrate both on quality of process modeling techniques and quality of process models to clearly differentiate the two.Various frameworks were developed to help in understanding quality of process modeling techniques, one example is Quality based modeling evaluation framework or known as Q-Me framework which argued to provide set of well defined quality properties and procedures to make an objective assessment of this properties possible.This framework also has advantages of providing uniform and formal description of the model element within one or different model types using one modeling techniquesIn short this can make assessment of both the product quality and the process quality of modeling techniques with regard to a set of properties that have been defined before.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Context: In the United States, air pollution is a major source of carbon dioxide, particulate matter, and particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a major cause of global warming

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Clean Air Act of 1970 was passed by the United States Congress in 1970.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Q-Me framework

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Q-Me framework

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Q-Me framework

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Q-Me framework

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Q-Me framework

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Q-Me framework

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Q-Me framework

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Q-Me framework

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Q-Me framework

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Q-Me framework

text: When a pollutant source is in an attainment area, it becomes subject to the PSD permitting process. The PSD is part of the New Source Review program and was added to the CAA in 1977 with the goal of not allowing the good air to deteriorate, since it is only required for areas of attainment. The PSD is focused on air quality in the region, in regards to health effects, as opposed to the emission technology. While some argue that the PSD is not needed as the public health is protected by National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), others may say that the PSD prevents the "flight of industry" from dirty to clean areas that are in attainment, as they would not have to comply with as strict of regulations. Before this program was implemented, there was nothing in place that addressed potential air quality deterioration.

text: When a pollutant source is in an attainment area, it becomes subject to the PSD permitting process. The PSD is part of the

text: New Source Review

text: program and was added to the CAA in 1977 with the goal of not allowing the good air to deteriorate, since it is only required for areas of attainment. The PSD is focused on air quality in the region, in regards to health effects, as opposed to the emission technology. While some argue that the PSD is not needed as the public health is protected by

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: (NAAQS), others may say that the PSD prevents the "flight of industry" from dirty to clean areas that are in attainment, as they would not have to comply with as strict of regulations. Before this program was implemented, there was nothing in place that addressed potential air quality deterioration.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the goal of the PSD?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: When a pollutant source is in an attainment area,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1977

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutant source is in an attainment area,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: New Source Review program

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: When a pollutant source is in an attainment area,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: there was nothing in place that addressed potential air quality deterioration.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: attainment area,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: there was nothing in place that addressed potential air quality deterioration.

text: The primary piece of federal legislation governing the airborne release of mercury in the United States is the Clean Air Act. Unlike the criteria air pollutants, mercury is classified under the Act as a hazardous air pollutant and is thus subject to control under the National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP's) rather than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).  The key distinction is that the former is controlled by establishing performance standards under a program known as maximum achievable control technology standards (MACT), designed to reduce hazardous air pollutant emissions to a maximum achievable degree, by setting a standard at least as stringent as the emission reductions achieved by the average of the top 12% best controlled in the same pollution sources. However, as of early 2011, no federal limits of mercury from coal and oil-fired electric utility steam generating units (EGU's) were on the books. The development of a regulatory policy framework to guide the emissions of mercury from power plants is on-going, the major developments of which have occurred largely within the last decade.

text: The primary piece of federal legislation governing the airborne release of mercury in the United States is the

text: Clean Air Act

text: . Unlike the

text: criteria air pollutants

text: , mercury is classified under the Act as a

entity_name: National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

text: hazardous air pollutant

text: and is thus subject to control under the

text: National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

text: (NESHAP's) rather than the

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: (NAAQS).  The key distinction is that the former is controlled by establishing

text: performance standards

text: under a program known as

text: maximum achievable control technology standards

text: (MACT), designed to reduce hazardous air pollutant emissions to a maximum achievable degree, by setting a standard at least as stringent as the emission reductions achieved by the average of the top 12% best controlled in the same pollution sources. However, as of early 2011, no federal limits of mercury from coal and oil-fired

text: electric utility steam generating units

text: (EGU's) were on the books. The development of a regulatory policy framework to guide the emissions of mercury from power plants is on-going, the major developments of which have occurred largely within the last decade.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous air pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: criteria air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: criteria air pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: last decade.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: criteria air pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 12%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: mercury in the United States is the Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: criteria air pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: mercury

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: mercury in the United States is the Clean Air Act.

text: Most countries require continuous monitoring of emissions produced by coal and oil-fired power plants, municipal and hazardous waste incinerators, cement plants, as well as many other types of industrial sources. This monitoring is usually performed using extractive sampling systems coupled with infrared spectroscopy techniques. Some recent standoff measurements performed allowed the evaluation of the air quality but not many remote independent methods allow for low uncertainty measurements.

text: Most countries require continuous monitoring of emissions produced by coal and oil-fired power plants, municipal and hazardous waste incinerators, cement plants, as well as many other types of industrial sources. This monitoring is usually performed using extractive sampling systems coupled with infrared spectroscopy techniques. Some recent standoff measurements performed allowed the evaluation of the air quality but not many remote independent methods allow for low uncertainty measurements.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is air pollution?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: oil-fired power plants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: coal and oil

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial sources

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: coal and oil-fired power plants,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: coal and oil-fired power plants,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions produced by coal and oil-fired power plants,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal and oil-fired power plants,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: coal and oil-fired power plants,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: coal and oil-fired power plants,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: emissions produced by coal and oil-fired power plants,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: municipal and hazardous waste incinerators, cement plants,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: coal and oil-fired power plants,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: coal and oil-fired power plants,

text: Chinook winds are said to sometimes cause a sharp increase in the number of migraine headaches suffered by the locals, and are often called "chinook headaches". At least one study conducted by the department of clinical neurosciences at the University of Calgary supports that belief. They are popularly believed to increase irritability and sleeplessness. In mid-winter over major centres such as Calgary, Chinooks can often override cold air in the city, trapping the pollutants in the cold air and causing inversion smog. At such times, it is possible for it to be cold at street level and much warmer at the tops of the skyscrapers and in higher terrain. In 1983, on the 45th floor [about 145 m (460 ft) above the street] of the Petro-Canada Center, carpenters worked shirtless in 12 °C, windy conditions (temperature reported to them by overhead crane operator), but were chagrined to find out the street temperature was still -20 °C as they left work at 3:30 that afternoon.

text: Chinook winds are said to sometimes cause a sharp increase in the number of

text: migraine

text: headaches suffered by the locals, and are often called "chinook headaches". At least one study conducted by the department of clinical neurosciences at the

text: University of Calgary

text: supports that belief. They are popularly believed to increase

text: irritability

text: and

text: sleeplessness

text: . In mid-winter over major centres such as Calgary, Chinooks can often override cold air in the city,

text: trapping

text: the

text: pollutants

text: in the cold air and causing

text: inversion

text: smog

text: . At such times, it is possible for it to be cold at street level and much warmer at the tops of the skyscrapers and in higher terrain. In 1983, on the 45th floor [about 145 m (460 ft) above the street] of the Petro-Canada Center, carpenters worked shirtless in 12 °C, windy conditions (temperature reported to them by overhead crane operator), but were chagrined to find out the street temperature was still -20 °C as they left work at 3:30 that afternoon.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: inversion smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Chinooks

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Chinooks

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: inversion smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1983,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: inversion smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Chinook winds

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: pollutants in the cold air and causing inversion smog.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Chinook winds

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Chinook winds

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: pollutants in the cold air and causing inversion smog.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Chinooks can often override cold air in the city,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversion smog.

text: In 1970, the Clean Air Act Amendments set six criteria air pollutants which are updated periodically by the National Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).  The six criteria pollutants were identified based on scientific knowledge of health effects caused by the pollutants.  The six criteria are the following:  particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxide , ozone , sulfur dioxide , carbon monoxide (CO), and nonmethane hydrocarbons (NHMC).  Particulate matter (PM) is divided into two sizes, PM which is called inhalable PM, and  PM, which is called fine PM.

text: In 1970, the Clean Air Act Amendments set six criteria air pollutants which are updated periodically by the

text: National Air Quality Standards

text: (NAAQS) and the U.S

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (USEPA).  The six criteria pollutants were identified based on scientific knowledge of health effects caused by the pollutants.  The six criteria are the following:

text: particulate matter

text: (PM), nitrogen oxide , ozone , sulfur dioxide , carbon monoxide (CO), and nonmethane hydrocarbons (NHMC).  Particulate matter (PM) is divided into two sizes, PM which is called inhalable PM, and  PM, which is called fine PM.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate matter (PM)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: health effects

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxide,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: ozone, sulfur dioxide,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: scientific knowledge of health effects caused by the pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nonmethane hydrocarbons (NHMC).

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments set six criteria air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments set six criteria air pollutants

text: Pitts' research formed the basis for California's air quality laws. According to the chair of the Air Resources Board, Mary Nichols, "Jim Pitts was probably the single person most responsible for the understanding of what strategies we need to clean up Southern California's air...He was able to explain all of this in English to policymakers so that they would be able to accept that it was going to take extensive and difficult actions to control emissions." He often invited state and federal officials to his smog chamber at UC Irvine, including Jerry Brown and Ronald Reagan, to demonstrate the effects of smog and air pollution. In a common demonstration, Pitts would fill an Erlenmeyer flask with ozone and then twist a slice of lemon onto the flask. The ensuing chemical reaction, which quickly produced a fog, demonstrated the formation of smog in the atmosphere.

text: Pitts' research formed the basis for

text: California

text: 's

text: air quality

text: laws. According to the chair of the Air Resources Board, Mary Nichols, "Jim Pitts was probably the single person most responsible for the understanding of what strategies we need to clean up

text: Southern California

text: 's air...He was able to explain all of this in English to policymakers so that they would be able to accept that it was going to take extensive and difficult actions to control

text: emissions

text: ." He often invited state and federal officials to his smog chamber at UC Irvine, including

text: Jerry Brown

text: and

text: Ronald Reagan

text: , to demonstrate the effects of smog and air pollution. In a common demonstration, Pitts would fill an

text: Erlenmeyer flask

text: with

text: ozone

text: and then twist a slice of

text: lemon

text: onto the flask. The ensuing chemical reaction, which quickly produced a fog, demonstrated the formation of smog in the

text: atmosphere

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog chamber

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Southern California

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog in the atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: emissions."

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California's

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog and air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Southern California's

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog chamber at UC Irvine,

text: There is also an air measuring station on Schauinsland which belongs to the German environmental federal agency and the federal agency for radiation protection. The concentration of air pollutants is measured as part of the European Monitoring and Evaluation Program (EMEP), the climate-relevant gasses and radionuclides are recorded as part of the GAW. Both this building and the solar telescope were built in 1943 and were used to observe the quality of the ionosphere for the purpose of military radio communication.

text: There is also an air measuring station on Schauinsland which belongs to the German

text: environmental federal agency

text: and the

text: federal agency for radiation protection

text: . The concentration of air pollutants is measured as part of the

entity_name: Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution

text: European Monitoring and Evaluation Program (EMEP)

text: , the climate-relevant gasses and radionuclides are recorded as part of the

text: GAW

text: . Both this building and the solar telescope were built in 1943 and were used to observe the quality of the ionosphere for the purpose of military radio communication.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The concentration of air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: European Monitoring and Evaluation Program (EMEP),

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1943

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: measured as part of the European Monitoring and Evaluation Program (EMEP),

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: the climate-relevant gasses and radionuclides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: European Monitoring and Evaluation Program

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air measuring station on Schauinsland

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: the climate-relevant gasses and radionuclides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The concentration of air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air measuring station on Schauinsland

text: The 1952 smog gave a momentum for tougher action: as well as this Clean Air Act, its effects also led to the introduction of the City of London (Various Powers) Act of 1954, and influenced the Clean Air Act 1968. And by prohibiting what had been the hitherto widely accepted actions of private households, the Clean Air Act 1956 had important implications for the debate about public regulation, public health, and the sphere of legitimate Government intervention.

text: The 1952 smog gave a momentum for tougher action: as well as this Clean Air Act, its effects also led to the introduction of the City of London (Various Powers) Act of 1954, and influenced the

text: Clean Air Act 1968

text: . And by prohibiting what had been the hitherto widely accepted actions of private households, the Clean Air Act 1956 had important implications for the debate about public regulation, public health, and the sphere of legitimate Government intervention.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1952

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The 1952 smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: private households,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1952

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1968.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The 1952 smog gave a momentum for tougher action:

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1952 smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1968.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The 1952 smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1954, and influenced the Clean Air Act 1968.

text: Filling Temperance Flat Reservoir above an elevation of  would inundate several hydroelectric plants of the Big Creek Hydroelectric Project that total a capacity of 313 MW and generate 1,125 million KWh annually. Thus, the Temperance Flat Dam project would cause a net loss of hydroelectric generation, in lieu of massive reconstruction of upstream facilities. Additionally, 240 foot tall embankment cofferdams would be built on streams surrounding the area in order to divert flows. In their most recent draft the Bureau of Reclamation deleted measures to construct temperature control devices on Friant Dam, which are known to improve habitat quality for salmon. They additionally deleted a measure which would have increased water quality downstream of Millerton Lake. The Bureau of Reclamation notes that construction of the dam and reservoir will have "unavoidable and/or disproportionately high and adverse" impacts on the following: air quality, fisheries, aquatic ecosystems, botanical and wetland resources, wildlife, climate change and greenhouse gas emissions, cultural resources, agricultural resources, noise and vibration, and visual resources.

text: Filling Temperance Flat Reservoir above an elevation of  would inundate several hydroelectric plants of the

text: Big Creek Hydroelectric Project

text: that total a capacity of 313 MW and generate 1,125 million KWh annually. Thus, the Temperance Flat Dam project would cause a net loss of hydroelectric generation, in lieu of massive reconstruction of upstream facilities. Additionally, 240 foot tall embankment cofferdams would be built on streams surrounding the area in order to divert flows. In their most recent draft the Bureau of Reclamation deleted measures to construct temperature control devices on

text: Friant Dam

text: , which are known to improve habitat quality for salmon. They additionally deleted a measure which would have increased water quality downstream of Millerton Lake. The Bureau of Reclamation notes that construction of the dam and reservoir will have "unavoidable and/or disproportionately high and adverse" impacts on the following: air quality, fisheries, aquatic ecosystems, botanical and wetland resources, wildlife, climate change and greenhouse gas emissions, cultural resources, agricultural resources, noise and vibration, and visual resources.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Bureau of Reclamation notes that construction of the dam and reservoir will have "unavoidable

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air quality,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: climate change and greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate change and greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

text: Performing air quality monitoring tests to detect the levels of formaldehyde gas in the air at the place of application can give an indication to the seriousness of the health problem the salon workers and customers are (sometimes involuntarily) exposed to.

text: Performing air quality monitoring tests to detect the levels of formaldehyde gas in the air at the place of application can give an indication to the seriousness of the health problem the salon workers and customers are (sometimes involuntarily) exposed to.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Performing air quality monitoring tests to detect the levels of formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: (sometimes involuntarily) exposed to.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Performing air quality monitoring tests to detect the levels of formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Performing air quality monitoring tests to detect the levels of formaldehyde

text: Temperature is a measure of a quality of a state of a material  The quality may be regarded as a more abstract entity than any particular temperature scale that measures it, and is called hotness by some writers. The quality of hotness refers to the state of material only in a particular locality, and in general, apart from bodies held in a steady state of thermodynamic equilibrium, hotness varies from place to place. It is not necessarily the case that a material in a particular place is in a state that is steady and nearly homogeneous enough to allow it to have a well-defined hotness or temperature. Hotness may be represented abstractly as a one-dimensional manifold. Every valid temperature scale has its own one-to-one map into the hotness manifold.

text: Temperature is a measure of a

text: quality

text: of a state of a material  The quality may be regarded as a more abstract entity than any particular temperature scale that measures it, and is called hotness by some writers. The quality of hotness refers to the state of material only in a particular locality, and in general, apart from bodies held in a steady state of thermodynamic equilibrium, hotness varies from place to place. It is not necessarily the case that a material in a particular place is in a state that is steady and nearly homogeneous enough to allow it to have a well-defined hotness or temperature. Hotness may be represented abstractly as a one-dimensional manifold. Every valid temperature scale has its own one-to-one map into the hotness manifold.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: hotness

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hotness

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: bodies held in a steady state of thermodynamic equilibrium,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: hotness

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Temperature

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: hotness

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Temperature

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: hotness

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Temperature

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: bodies held in a steady state of thermodynamic equilibrium,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hotness

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: hotness

text: Air pollution in Macau is considered a serious problem. Cases of asthma and bronchial infections have soared in recent years due to reduced air quality.

text: Air pollution

text: in

text: Macau

text: is considered a serious problem. Cases of

text: asthma

text: and bronchial infections have soared in recent years due to reduced air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a serious problem

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air pollution in Macau

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: recent years

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: serious problem.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: reduced air quality.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air pollution in Macau

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air pollution in Macau

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: asthma and bronchial infections

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: reduced air quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air pollution in Macau

text: Smog was a problem in Christchurch.

text: Smog

text: was a problem in

text: Christchurch

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a bad thing

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: it is not possible to tell

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Smog was a problem in Christchurch.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Christchurch.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Christchurch.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Christchurch.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Christchurch.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Christchurch.

text: When oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the presence of sunlight, ground level ozone is formed, a primary ingredient in smog.  A 2005 U.S. EPA report gives road vehicles as the second largest source of VOCs in the U.S. at 26% and 19% are from non road equipment which is mostly gasoline and diesel stations.  27% of VOC emissions are from solvents which are used in the manufacturer of paints and paint thinners and other uses.

text: When oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and

text: volatile organic compound

text: s (VOCs) react in the presence of sunlight, ground level

text: ozone

text: is formed, a primary ingredient in

text: smog

text: .  A 2005 U.S. EPA report gives road vehicles as the second largest source of VOCs in the U.S. at 26% and 19% are from non road equipment which is mostly gasoline and diesel stations.  27% of VOC emissions are from solvents which are used in the manufacturer of paints and paint thinners and other uses.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ground level ozone

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NOx

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sunlight

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 27%

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2005

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sunlight,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 27%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 26%

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sunlight,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 26%

text: During the late 1990s, teachers and  students started to become sick as a result of poor air quality.  The building underwent another renovation in an attempt to rid the toxic substances. Still tests yielded poor air quality, specifically in one area of the school where the science and art labs were located. In the 1999–2000 school year, this portion of the school was closed off, and in May of that same school year tests were conducted all around the school on the air quality. The school remained open until the end of the year.

text: During the late 1990s, teachers and  students started to become sick as a result of poor air quality.  The building underwent another renovation in an attempt to rid the toxic substances. Still tests yielded poor air quality, specifically in one area of the school where the science and art labs were located. In the 1999–2000 school year, this portion of the school was closed off, and in May of that same school year tests were conducted all around the school on the air quality. The school remained open until the end of the year.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: late 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Toxic substances

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Toxic

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: toxic substances.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: late 1990s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: toxic substances.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: poor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: substances.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: poor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: poor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: toxic substances.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: poor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: poor air quality.

text: There are two possible ways of measurement: a complete fan, or an impeller on a hydraulic installation. Two measuring tubes enable measurements of lower air currents (< 30.000 m³/h) as well as higher air currents (< 60.000 m³/h). The determination of the Q/h curve of the fan is one of the main objectives. To determine this curve (and to define other parameters) air technical, mechanical as well as electro technical data are measured:

text: There are two possible ways of measurement: a complete fan, or an

text: impeller

text: on a hydraulic installation. Two measuring tubes enable measurements of lower air currents (< 30.000 m³/h) as well as higher air currents (< 60.000 m³/h). The determination of the Q/h curve of the

text: fan

text: is one of the main objectives. To determine this curve (and to define other parameters) air technical, mechanical as well as electro technical data are measured:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: a complete fan, or an impeller on a hydraulic installation.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: higher air currents (<unk> 60.000 m3/h).

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air currents

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fan,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 60.000 m3/h).

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 60.000 m3/h).

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: fan, or an impeller on a hydraulic installation.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: a complete fan, or an impeller on a hydraulic installation.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: higher air currents (<unk> 60.000 m3/h).

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: a complete fan, or an impeller on a hydraulic installation.

text: Air quality standards are legal standards or requirements governing concentrations of air pollutants in breathed air, both outdoors and indoors. Such standards generally are expressed as levels of specific air pollutants that are deemed acceptable in ambient air, and are most often designed to reduce or eliminate the human health effects of air pollution, although secondary effects such as crop and building damage may also be considered. Determining appropriate air quality standards generally requires up-to-date scientific data on the health effects of the pollutant under review, with specific information on exposure times and sensitive populations. It also generally requires periodic or continuous monitoring of air quality.

text: Air quality standards are legal standards or requirements governing concentrations of

text: air pollutants

text: in breathed air, both outdoors and indoors. Such standards generally are expressed as levels of specific air pollutants that are deemed acceptable in ambient air, and are most often designed to reduce or eliminate the human health effects of air pollution, although secondary effects such as crop and building damage may also be considered. Determining appropriate air quality standards generally requires up-to-date scientific data on the health effects of the pollutant under review, with specific information on exposure times and sensitive populations. It also generally requires periodic or continuous monitoring of air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: human health effects

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: human health effects

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: levels of specific air pollutants that are deemed acceptable in ambient air,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air quality standards are legal standards or requirements governing concentrations of air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air quality standards

text: While operating in all-electric mode the Volt produces no tailpipe emissions. In this mode there is an absence of harmful chemical emissions that can negatively impact air quality, allowing for a continuous clean air benefit. There is also a lack of carbon dioxide emissions. However, this benefit is mostly local because, depending on the source of the electricity used to recharge the batteries, these emissions are shifted to the location of the electricity generation plants. The amount of carbon dioxide emitted depends on the emission intensity of the power source used to charge the vehicle. When the Volt's battery is depleted and the gasoline-powered engine engages, the plug-in emissions are similar to other internal combustion engine vehicles. The amount of total local emissions depends on how much the Volt is driven in all-electric mode and how much in charge-sustaining mode.

text: While operating in all-electric mode the Volt produces no

text: tailpipe emissions

text: . In this mode there is an absence of harmful chemical emissions that can negatively impact air quality, allowing for a continuous clean air benefit. There is also a lack of carbon dioxide emissions. However, this benefit is mostly local because, depending on the source of the electricity used to recharge the batteries, these emissions are shifted to the location of the

text: electricity generation

text: plants. The amount of carbon dioxide emitted depends on the emission intensity of the power source used to charge the vehicle. When the Volt's battery is depleted and the gasoline-powered engine engages, the plug-in emissions are similar to other internal combustion engine vehicles. The amount of total local emissions depends on how much the Volt is driven in all-electric mode and how much in

text: charge-sustaining

text: mode.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: harmful chemical emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carbon dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: harmful chemical emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: chemical emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: gasoline-powered engine engages,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: harmful chemical emissions that can negatively impact air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: electricity generation plants.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no tailpipe emissions.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: all-electric mode and how much in charge-sustaining mode.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: harmful chemical emissions that can negatively impact air quality,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: chemical emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: electricity generation plants.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: charge-sustaining mode.

text: TA Luft is the German air quality regulation.

text: TA Luft

text: is the German air quality regulation.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: regulated by TA Luft

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: TA Luft

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: TA Luft

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: TA Luft

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: TA Luft is the German air quality regulation.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: TA Luft

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: TA Luft

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: TA Luft

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: TA Luft

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: TA Luft

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: TA Luft

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: TA Luft

text: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed the Air Quality Index (AQI), a public resource that provides national air quality standard concentrations for common air pollutants. The public can use this index as a tool to determine their exposure to hazardous air pollutants based on visibility range.

text: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed the Air Quality Index (AQI), a public resource that provides national air quality standard concentrations for common air pollutants. The public can use this index as a tool to determine their exposure to hazardous air pollutants based on visibility range.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: common

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air Quality Index (AQI),

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: national air quality standard concentrations

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Quality Index (AQI),

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality standard concentrations for common air pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Index (AQI),

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standard concentrations for common air pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Quality Index (AQI),

text: Although the PC market declined, Apple still managed to ship 2.8 million MacBooks in Q2 2012 (the majority of which are the MacBook Air) compared to 500,000 total Ultrabooks, although there were dozens of Ultrabooks from various manufacturers on the market while Apple only offered 11-inch and 13-inch models of the MacBook Air. The Air has been the best-selling ultra-portable in certain countries over Windows Ultrabooks, particularly the United States. While several Ultrabooks were able to claim individual distinctions such as being the lightest or thinnest, the Air was regarded by reviewers as the best all-around subnotebook/ultraportable in regard to "OS X experience, full keyboard, superior trackpad, Thunderbolt connector and the higher-quality, all-aluminum unibody construction". The Air was among the first to receive Intel's latest CPUs before other PC manufacturers, and OS X has gained market share on Windows in recent years. Through July 1, 2013, the MacBook Air took in 56 percent of all Ultrabook sales in the United States, although being one of the higher-priced competitors, though several Ultrabooks with better features were often more expensive than the MacBook Air. The competitive pricing of MacBooks was particularly effective when rivals charged more for seemingly equivalent Ultrabooks, as this contradicted the established "elitist aura" perception that Apple products cost more but were higher quality, which made these most expensive Ultrabooks seem exorbitant no matter how valid their higher prices were.

text: Although the PC market declined, Apple still managed to ship 2.8 million

text: MacBook

text: s in Q2 2012 (the majority of which are the

text: MacBook Air

text: ) compared to 500,000 total

text: Ultrabooks

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices .

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 2.8 million MacBooks in Q2 2012

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2012

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: 2.8 million MacBooks in Q2 2012

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: PC market declined,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 56 percent of all Ultrabook sales in the United States,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: MacBook Air took in 56 percent of all Ultrabook sales in the United States,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: PC market declined,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 2.8 million MacBooks in Q2 2012

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Windows Ultrabooks, particularly the United States.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 500,000 total Ultrabooks,

text: On Golden Smog was reissued in 1996 by Rykodisc.

text: On Golden Smog was reissued in 1996 by

text: Rykodisc

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: On Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: On Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1996

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: On Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1996

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: On Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: On Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: On Golden Smog

text: The sale of petroleum-based charcoal lighter fluid is regulated in some jurisdictions due to its potential to cause photochemical smog through evaporation of its volatile organic compounds.  The South Coast Air Quality Management District requires that all charcoal lighter fluids sold in its jurisdiction (essentially Southern California) meet the air quality standards set forth in District Rule 1174. Common substitutes are chimney and electric fire starters.

text: The sale of petroleum-based charcoal lighter fluid is regulated in some jurisdictions due to its potential to cause

text: photochemical smog

text: through evaporation of its

text: volatile organic compounds

text: .  The

text: South Coast Air Quality Management District

text: requires that all charcoal lighter fluids sold in its jurisdiction (essentially Southern California) meet the air quality standards set forth in District Rule 1174. Common substitutes are

text: chimney

text: and electric fire starters.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: petroleum-based charcoal lighter fluid

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: petroleum-based charcoal lighter fluid

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: volatile organic compounds.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Southern California)

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: volatile organic compounds.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: petroleum-based charcoal lighter fluid

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The sale of petroleum-based charcoal lighter fluid

text: Having part of the region located in a desert basin creates issues with air quality. From the dust the wind picks up, to the smog produced by vehicles, to the pollen in the air, the valley has several bad air days.

text: Having part of the region located in a desert basin creates issues with

text: air quality

text: . From the dust the wind picks up, to the smog produced by vehicles, to the pollen in the air, the valley has several bad air days.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: desert basin

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog produced by vehicles

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: vehicles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: desert

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog produced by vehicles,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: desert basin

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog produced by vehicles,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: vehicles,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: smog produced by vehicles,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Having part of the region located in a desert basin

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: desert basin creates issues with air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog produced by vehicles,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: desert basin

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: desert basin

text: This section of the act declares that protecting and enhancing the nation's air quality promotes public health. The law encourages prevention of regional air pollution and control programs. It also provides technical and financial assistance for air pollution prevention at both state and local governments. Additional subchapters cover of cooperation, research, investigation, training and other activities. Grants for air pollution planning and control programs, and interstate air quality agencies and program cost limitations are also included in this section of the act.

text: This section of the act declares that protecting and enhancing the nation's air quality promotes public health. The law encourages prevention of regional air pollution and control programs. It also provides technical and financial assistance for air pollution prevention at both state and local governments. Additional subchapters cover of cooperation, research, investigation, training and other activities. Grants for air pollution planning and control programs, and interstate air quality agencies and program cost limitations are also included in this section of the act.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It is impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: public health

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: public health

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The law encourages prevention of regional air pollution and control programs.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The law encourages prevention of regional air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: regional air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: regional air pollution

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The law encourages prevention of regional air pollution and control programs.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: regional air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: regional air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: regional air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The law encourages prevention of regional air pollution and control programs.

text: The primary law regulating air quality in the United States is the U.S. Clean Air Act. The law was initially enacted as the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955. Amendments in 1967 and 1970 (the framework for today's U.S. Clean Air Act) imposed national air quality requirements, and placed administrative responsibility with the newly created Environmental Protection Agency. Major amendments followed in 1977 and 1990. State and local governments have enacted similar legislation, either implementing federal programs or filling in locally important gaps in federal programs.

text: The primary law regulating air quality in the United States is the

text: U.S. Clean Air Act

text: . The law was initially enacted as the

text: Air Pollution Control Act of 1955

text: . Amendments in 1967 and 1970 (the framework for today's

text: U.S. Clean Air Act

text: ) imposed national air quality requirements, and placed administrative responsibility with the newly created Environmental Protection Agency. Major amendments followed in 1977 and 1990. State and local governments have enacted similar legislation, either implementing federal programs or filling in locally important gaps in federal programs.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the primary law regulating air quality?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air Pollution Control Act of 1955.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1955.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: State and local governments have enacted similar legislation,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: national air quality requirements,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: U.S. Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: imposed national air quality requirements,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: State and local governments have enacted similar legislation,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: U.S. Clean Air Act.

text: HARC's Air Quality & Climate Program includes air quality research and management, air emission reduction technologies, emissions monitoring technology and policy, and regional impacts of and adaptations to climate change. Our air research program is multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional, objective and non-partisan. HARC also serves as Research Management Organization to the Texas Environmental Research Consortium to advise policy decisions regarding air and climate.

text: HARC's Air Quality & Climate Program includes air quality research and management, air emission reduction technologies, emissions monitoring technology and policy, and regional impacts of and adaptations to climate change. Our air research program is multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional, objective and non-partisan. HARC also serves as Research Management Organization to the

text: Texas Environmental Research Consortium

text: to advise policy decisions regarding air and climate.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air emission reduction technologies,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air emission reduction technologies,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air emission reduction technologies,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: HARC's Air Quality & Climate Program

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air emission reduction technologies,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Texas Environmental Research Consortium

text: In February 2004, J.R. Simplot Company agreed to pay the United States Environmental Protection Agency $525,000 and install $2 million in air pollution control equipment to resolve violations of the federal Clean Air Act at its silica sand mining facility in Overton, Nevada. The violation occurred in 1988 when the company removed equipment required by the federal Clean Air Act to control emissions of air pollutants.

text: In February 2004, J.R. Simplot Company agreed to pay the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: $525,000 and install $2 million in air pollution control equipment to resolve violations of the federal

text: Clean Air Act

text: at its silica sand mining facility in

text: Overton, Nevada

text: . The violation occurred in 1988 when the company removed equipment required by the federal Clean Air Act to control emissions of air pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1988

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: silica

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: silica

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: uncontrolled emissions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: silica sand mining facility

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1988

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: silica sand mining facility

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: $2 million

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: In February 2004,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1988

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: silica sand mining facility in Overton, Nevada.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: silica sand mining facility

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: $2 million in air pollution control equipment

text: In the United States, emissions standards are managed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).  Under federal law, the state of California is allowed to promulgate more stringent vehicle emissions standards (subject to EPA approval), and other states may choose to follow either the national or California standards.  California had produced air quality standards prior to EPA, with severe air quality problems in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.  LA is the country's second-largest city, and relies much more heavily on automobiles and has less favorable meteorological conditions than the largest and third-largest cities (New York and Chicago).

text: In the

text: United States

text: , emissions standards are managed by the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA).  Under federal law, the state of

text: California

text: is allowed to promulgate more stringent vehicle emissions standards (subject to EPA approval), and other states may choose to follow either the national or California standards.  California had produced air quality standards prior to EPA, with severe

text: air quality problems in the Los Angeles

text: metropolitan area.  LA is the country's second-largest city, and relies much more heavily on automobiles and has less favorable meteorological conditions than the largest and third-largest cities (New York and Chicago).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Los Angeles metropolitan area

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Los Angeles metropolitan area

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automobiles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the Los Angeles metropolitan area

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles metropolitan area

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: automobiles

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: severe air quality problems in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: severe air quality problems in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: relies much more heavily on automobiles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: emissions standards are managed by the Environmental Protection Agency

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles metropolitan area.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: severe air quality problems in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles metropolitan area.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Los Angeles metropolitan area.

text: Some criteria, such as economic benefit, will be more easily measurable or definable, while others such as environmental quality will be harder to measure or express quantitatively. Ultimately though, the set of decision criteria needs to embody all of the policy goals, and overemphasising the more easily definable or measurable criteria, will have the undesirable impact of biasing the analysis towards a subset of the policy goals.

text: Some criteria, such as economic benefit, will be more easily measurable or definable, while others such as environmental quality will be harder to measure or express quantitatively. Ultimately though, the set of decision criteria needs to embody all of the policy goals, and overemphasising the more easily definable or measurable criteria, will have the undesirable impact of biasing the analysis towards a subset of the policy goals.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: environmental quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental protection

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversions

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: economic benefit, will be more easily measurable or definable,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: economic benefit,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: harder to measure or express quantitatively.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: economic benefit, will be more easily measurable or definable,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: measurable or definable,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: economic benefit, will be more easily measurable or definable,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: economic benefit, will be more easily measurable or definable,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: environmental quality

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: environmental quality will be harder to measure or express quantitatively.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: environmental quality will be harder to measure or express quantitatively.

text: Air QualitySince the Act received its Royal Assent in 1995 the Society, through the Air Quality Committee, has been instrumental in producing supplementary guidance documents to assist local authorities in implementing Local Air Quality Management.  Although Government had produced technical and policy guidance this still left some grey areas because such national guidance inevitably could not deal with every eventuality. Initially the NSCA guidance addressed the processes of assessing air quality problems and the thorny questions surrounding the declaration of Air Quality Management Areas.  A second round of guidance looked at the development of Air Quality Action Plans.  More recent guidance has addressed the thornier problems of incorporating air quality into the local development control planning regime.

text: Air QualitySince the Act received its

text: Royal Assent

text: in 1995 the Society, through the Air Quality Committee, has been instrumental in producing supplementary guidance documents to assist local authorities in implementing

text: Local Air Quality Management

text: .  Although

text: Government

text: had produced technical and policy guidance this still left some grey areas because such national guidance inevitably could not deal with every eventuality. Initially the NSCA guidance addressed the processes of assessing air quality problems and the thorny questions surrounding the declaration of

text: Air Quality Management Areas

text: .  A second round of guidance looked at the development of

text: Air Quality Action Plans

text: .  More recent guidance has addressed the thornier problems of incorporating air quality into the local development control planning regime.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Local Air Quality Management

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: local development

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: inevitably could not deal with every eventuality.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1995

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Local Air Quality Management.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air Quality Management Areas.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Local Air Quality Management.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Local Air Quality Management.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1995

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Local Air Quality Management.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inevitably could not deal with every eventuality.

text: The Bengali Government has started building new sidewalks with surface drains so that garbage can be drained away and won't linger in the streets anymore and the new drainage system can help mitigate the country's problems with mass floodings. The Bengali Government has constructed air quality monitoring stations so that the government can effectively monitor the improvements of air quality in many different areas around the country. The Bengali Government has updated bus routes so that they can shorten the distance that the bus has to travel and in turn improve the area's air quality. The Bengali Government passed new Vehicular Emission Standards on December 31, 2014 which will help improve the country's overall air pollution problem.

text: The Bengali Government has started building new sidewalks with

text: surface drains

text: so that garbage can be drained away and won't linger in the streets anymore and the new drainage system can help mitigate the country's problems with mass floodings. The Bengali Government has constructed air quality monitoring stations so that the government can effectively monitor the improvements of air quality in many different areas around the country. The Bengali Government has updated bus routes so that they can shorten the distance that the bus has to travel and in turn improve the area's air quality. The Bengali Government passed new

text: Vehicular Emission Standards

text: on December 31, 2014 which will help improve the country's overall

text: air pollution

text: problem.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the problem with air pollution?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Vehicular Emission Standards

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution problem.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Vehicular Emission Standards

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Vehicular Emission Standards

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution problem.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Vehicular Emission Standards

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: mass floodings.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Vehicular Emission Standards

text: There are 3 impact points that are influenced in Ust-Kamenogorsk.  The atmosphere is hit most. With a poor urban ventilation (the average percentage of calm 48%), with a large number of vehicles and stationary sources relevance of air pollution in Ust-Kamenogorsk is not in doubt. The concentration of harmful substanes in the air is increasing each year because of the nature of the companies which are looking for increases in the production and profits. As usual, the pollution is enhanced by the low quality of car fuels and increase in the number of cars. As a result of all this, Ust-Kamenogorsk is often recognized as one of the most polluted regional centers of Kazakhstan.

text: There are 3 impact points that are influenced in Ust-Kamenogorsk.  The atmosphere is hit most. With a poor urban ventilation (the average percentage of calm 48%), with a large number of vehicles and stationary sources relevance of air pollution in Ust-Kamenogorsk is not in doubt. The concentration of harmful substanes in the air is increasing each year because of the nature of the companies which are looking for increases in the production and profits. As usual, the pollution is enhanced by the low quality of car fuels and increase in the number of cars. As a result of all this, Ust-Kamenogorsk is often recognized as one of the most polluted regional centers of Kazakhstan.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2000s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: harmful substanes in the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: low quality of car fuels

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unsuitable climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: companies which are looking for increases in the production and profits.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: low quality of car fuels and increase in the number of cars.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The concentration of harmful substanes in the air is increasing each year

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: low quality of car fuels and increase in the number of cars.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 48%),

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Ust-Kamenogorsk

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: harmful substanes

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: low quality of car fuels and increase in the number of cars.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: low quality of car fuels and increase in the number of cars.

text: According to the National Environmental Analysis released by Tsinghua University and The Asian Development Bank in January 2013, Jinan is one of ten most air polluted cities in the world. Also according to this report, 7 of 10 most air polluted cities are in China, including Taiyuan, Beijing, Urumqi, Lanzhou, Chongqing, Jinan and Shijiazhuang. As air pollution in China is at an all-time high, several northern cities are among the most polluted cities and has one of the worst air quality in China. Reporting on China's air quality has been accompanied by what seems like a monochromatic slideshow of the country's several cities smothered in thick smog. According to a survey made by "Global voices China" in February 2013, Jinan is among China's 10 most polluted cities, and is the only Shandong city to be on this list. Other cities on the blacklist includes major Chinese cities like Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Zhengzhou, and 6 other prefectural cities all in Hebei Province. These cities are all situated in traditional geographic subdivision of "Huabei (North China) Region".

text: According to the National Environmental Analysis released by

text: Tsinghua University

text: and The Asian Development Bank in January 2013, Jinan is one of ten most air polluted cities in the world. Also according to this report, 7 of 10 most air polluted cities are in China, including

text: Taiyuan

text: Beijing

text: Urumqi

text: Lanzhou

text: Chongqing

text: , Jinan and

text: Shijiazhuang

text: . As air pollution in China is at an all-time high, several northern cities are among the most polluted cities and has one of the worst air quality in China. Reporting on China's air quality has been accompanied by what seems like a monochromatic slideshow of the country's several cities smothered in thick smog. According to a survey made by "Global voices China" in February 2013, Jinan is among China's 10 most polluted cities, and is the only Shandong city to be on this list. Other cities on the blacklist includes major Chinese cities like

text: Beijing

text: Shijiazhuang

text: Zhengzhou

text: , and 6 other prefectural cities all in

text: Hebei

text: Province. These cities are all situated in traditional geographic subdivision of "Huabei (

text: North China

text: ) Region".

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: China's air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 7 of 10 most air polluted cities are in China,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: China is at an all-time high,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution in China is at an all-time high,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 6

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 7 of 10 most air polluted cities are in China,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Hebei Province.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 7 of 10 most air polluted cities are in China,

text: The Chemical Sciences Division (CSD) studies chemical processes in the Earth's atmosphere that affect climate, air quality, and the ozone layer.

text: The Chemical Sciences Division (CSD) studies chemical processes in the Earth's atmosphere that affect climate, air quality, and the ozone layer.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: chemical processes

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: ozone layer

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Chemical Sciences Division

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate, air quality, and the ozone layer.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: chemical processes in the Earth's atmosphere that affect climate, air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone layer.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ozone layer.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Chemical Sciences Division

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: climate, air quality, and the ozone layer.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone layer.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality, and the ozone layer.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Chemical Sciences Division

text: Air pollution is the introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment. Many urban areas have significant problems with smog, a type of air pollution derived from vehicle emissions from internal combustion engines and industrial fumes that react in the atmosphere with sunlight to form secondary pollutants that also combine with the primary emissions to form photochemical smog.

text: Air pollution

text: is the introduction into the

text: atmosphere

text: of

text: chemical

text: s,

text: particulate matter

text: , or

text: biological materials

text: that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the

text: natural environment

text: . Many urban areas have significant problems with

text: smog

text: , a type of

text: air pollution

text: derived from

text: vehicle emissions

text: from

text: internal combustion engine

text: s and industrial fumes that react in the atmosphere with sunlight to form secondary pollutants that also combine with the primary emissions to form

text: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: vehicle emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Many urban areas have significant problems with smog,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: vehicle emissions from internal combustion engines and industrial fumes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Many urban areas have significant problems with smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Many urban areas have significant problems with smog,

text: As the Games began, air quality in Beijing improved significantly against prior expectations. Air quality throughout the Games recorded API scores under 100, the official target. Of the 16 days of the Games, ten days recorded 'Grade I' and six days recorded 'Grade II' air quality in Chinese standards. Media concerns of air quality has also subsided as the Games progressed. However, a 28 July 2008 Greenpeace report stated that average concentration of atmospheric particulate matter in Beijing was still twice the levels the World Health Organization considers safe. Although observers doubted the performance in endurance events due to air quality, humidity and temperature, the men's 10 km and marathon events did set new Olympic records. The Chinese authority pledged to continue their environmental efforts after the Games and pointed to their ¥140 billion investment in the past ten years as evidence of their determination. After witnessing the success of their efforts, some of the temporary measures during the Games are being considered for permanent enforcement.

text: As the Games began, air quality in Beijing improved significantly against prior expectations. Air quality throughout the Games recorded

text: API

text: scores under 100, the official target. Of the 16 days of the Games, ten days recorded 'Grade I' and six days recorded 'Grade II' air quality in Chinese standards. Media concerns of air quality has also subsided as the Games progressed. However, a 28 July 2008

text: Greenpeace

text: report stated that average concentration of

text: atmospheric particulate matter

text: in Beijing was still twice the levels the

text: World Health Organization

text: considers safe. Although observers doubted the performance in endurance events due to air quality, humidity and temperature, the men's 10 km and marathon events did set new Olympic records. The Chinese authority pledged to continue their environmental efforts after the Games and pointed to their ¥140 billion investment in the past ten years as evidence of their determination. After witnessing the success of their efforts, some of the temporary measures during the Games are being considered for permanent enforcement.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2008

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: uncontrolled growth

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2008

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: twice the levels the World Health Organization considers safe.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: humidity and temperature,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 100,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air quality throughout the Games recorded API scores under 100,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality in Beijing improved significantly against prior expectations.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 'Grade II'

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: humidity and temperature,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air quality throughout the Games recorded API scores under 100,

text: Ways in which to 'beat the smog':

text: Ways in which to 'beat the smog':

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog is a term used to describe

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ozone depletion

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 9

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: reduce your carbon footprint

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: make sure your car has a full tank of gas

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Ways in which to 'beat the smog':

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Ways in which to 'beat the smog':

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog':

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Ways in which to 'beat the smog':

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Ways in which to 'beat the smog':

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Ways in which to 'beat the smog':

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog':

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Ways in which to 'beat the smog':

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Ways in which to 'beat the smog':

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Ways in which to 'beat the smog':

text: The Greenguard Environmental Institute was founded in 2001 by indoor air quality scientist Dr. Marilyn Black. Her vision was to create a third-party product certifier that could educate consumers and industry professionals about the importance of good indoor air quality and low-emitting products.

text: The Greenguard Environmental Institute was founded in 2001 by indoor air quality scientist Dr. Marilyn Black. Her vision was to create a third-party product certifier that could educate consumers and industry professionals about the importance of good indoor air quality and low-emitting products.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: low-emitting products.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2001

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: low-emitting products.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: low-emitting products.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: low-emitting products.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Greenguard Environmental Institute

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: low-emitting products.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: low-emitting products.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: low-emitting products.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Greenguard Environmental Institute

text: The membrane system requires a source of clean, pressurized, and heated air for separation. The two most common sources are an LP compressor (LP supply) or HP air storage tanks (HP supply). The air must be properly filtered to CGA Grade D or E air quality prior to entering the membrane system, so it will not damage or plug the membrane fibers.

text: The membrane system requires a source of clean, pressurized, and heated air for separation. The two most common sources are an LP compressor (LP supply) or HP air storage tanks (HP supply). The air must be properly filtered to

text: CGA Grade D

text: or

text: E

text: air quality

text: prior to entering the membrane system, so it will not damage or plug the membrane fibers.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: LP supply

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: LP supply

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: D or E

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The air must be properly filtered

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: LP compressor (LP supply) or HP air storage tanks (HP supply).

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: filtered to CGA Grade D or E air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: heated air

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: D or E

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: LP compressor (LP supply) or HP air storage tanks (HP supply).

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: CGA Grade D or E air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: D or E

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: heated air

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: heated air

text: The worst recorded instance was the Great Smog of 1952, when 4,000 deaths were reported in the city over a couple of days, and a subsequent 8,000 related deaths, leading to the passage of the Clean Air Act 1956, which banned the use of coal for domestic fires in some urban areas. The overall death toll from that incident is now believed to be around 12,000.

text: The worst recorded instance was the

text: Great Smog of 1952

text: , when 4,000 deaths were reported in the city over a couple of days, and a subsequent 8,000 related deaths, leading to the passage of the

text: Clean Air Act 1956

text: , which banned the use of coal for domestic fires in some urban areas. The overall death toll from that incident is now believed to be around 12,000.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Great Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: coal

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: coal

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Great Smog of 1952,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Great Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal for domestic fires

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 12,000.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Great Smog of 1952,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Great Smog of 1952,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: coal for domestic fires

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban areas.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Great Smog of 1952,

text: While Haagen-Smit worked out the genesis of smog, Beckman developed an instrument to measure it.  On October 7, 1952, he was granted a patent for an "oxygen recorder" that used colorimetric methods to measure the levels of compounds present in the atmosphere. Beckman Instruments eventually developed a range of instruments for various uses in monitoring and treating automobile exhaust and air pollution. They even produced "air quality monitoring vans", customized laboratories on wheels for use by government and industry.

text: While Haagen-Smit worked out the genesis of smog, Beckman developed an instrument to measure it.  On October 7, 1952, he was granted a patent for an "oxygen recorder" that used

text: colorimetric methods

text: to measure the levels of compounds present in the atmosphere. Beckman Instruments eventually developed a range of instruments for various uses in monitoring and treating automobile exhaust and air pollution. They even produced "air quality monitoring vans", customized laboratories on wheels for use by government and industry.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automobile exhaust

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: automobile exhaust

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1952,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automobile exhaust

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: compounds

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "air quality monitoring vans",

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: automobile exhaust

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: automobile exhaust

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "air quality monitoring vans",

text: “Urban air quality improvement trough air quality and mobility plan and the institutional strengthens of local administration on air quality”, with the participation of Barcelona, Larnaca, Limassol, Tetouan and Al Fayhaa.

text: “Urban air quality improvement trough air quality and mobility plan and the institutional strengthens of local administration on air quality”, with the participation of Barcelona, Larnaca, Limassol, Tetouan and Al Fayhaa.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: urban

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality”,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: institutional strengthens of local administration on air quality”,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: “Urban

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: “Urban air quality improvement trough air quality and mobility plan

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Limassol, Tetouan and Al Fayhaa.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Barcelona,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: “Urban air quality improvement

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Tetouan and Al Fayhaa.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: “Urban air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality and mobility plan

text: The city has many opportunities for citizens to be physically active, including bike lanes, walkways, and parks throughout the city.  Given the cultural diversity of the city, there is also great diversity in the foods that citizens can consume, which determines their personal nutrition.  Many foods for example enter the city through the Ontario Food Terminal, located on the west side.  The city is also part of the Toronto Public Health Division, and is home to many hospitals.  Other factors affecting health in the city include air quality in regard to smog.  Smog alerts are issued by Toronto Public Health when the air quality is poor enough to warrant informing some segments of the public to limit their exposure to the smog, such as children, the elderly, and people with lung diseases or heart conditions.  The best and worst years for smog in the city within the last five years were respectively 2006 with 11 smog alerts, and 2005 with 48 smog alerts.  Another risk to health for citizens is exposure to crime in the city.  Toronto has a rate of violent crime of 738 incidents per 100,000 people, though this is still lower than the national average of 951, according to 2006 Statistics Canada data, and far lower than other cities of comparable size (particularly those in the United States).

text: The city has many opportunities for citizens to be

text: physically active

text: , including

text: bike lanes

text: walkways

text: , and

text: parks

text: throughout the city.  Given the cultural diversity of the city, there is also great diversity in the

text: food

text: s that citizens can consume, which determines their personal

text: nutrition

text: .  Many foods for example enter the city through the

text: Ontario Food Terminal

text: , located on the west side.  The city is also part of the

text: Toronto Public Health Division

text: , and is home to many

text: hospitals

text: .  Other factors affecting health in the city include

text: air quality

text: in regard to

text: smog

text: .  Smog alerts are issued by Toronto Public Health when the air quality is poor enough to warrant informing some segments of the public to limit their exposure to the smog, such as children, the elderly, and people with

text: lung diseases

text: or

text: heart conditions

text: .  The best and worst years for smog in the city within the last five years were respectively 2006 with 11 smog alerts, and 2005 with 48 smog alerts.  Another risk to health for citizens is exposure to

text: crime in the city

text: .  Toronto has a rate of

text: violent crime

text: of 738 incidents per 100,000 people, though this is still lower than the national average of 951, according to 2006

text: Statistics Canada

text: data, and far lower than other cities of comparable size (particularly those in the United States).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 48

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Toronto

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: children, the elderly, and people with lung diseases or heart conditions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog alerts

text: Measures taken by the Greek authorities throughout the 1990s have improved the quality of air over the Attica Basin. Nevertheless, air pollution still remains an issue for Athens, particularly during the hottest summer days. In late June 2007, the Attica region experienced a number of brush fires, including a blaze that burned a significant portion of a large forested national park in Mount Parnitha, considered critical to maintaining a better air quality in Athens all year round. Damage to the park has led to worries over a stalling in the improvement of air quality in the city.

text: Measures taken by the Greek authorities throughout the 1990s have improved the quality of air over the Attica Basin. Nevertheless, air pollution still remains an issue for Athens, particularly during the hottest summer days. In late June 2007, the

text: Attica

text: region experienced a number of

text: brush fires

text: , including a blaze that burned a significant portion of a large forested national park in

text: Mount Parnitha

text: , considered critical to maintaining a better air quality in Athens all year round. Damage to the park has led to worries over a stalling in the improvement of air quality in the city.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: an issue for Athens

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: brush fires

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: brush fires,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: an issue for Athens,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: brush fires,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Attica Basin.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air pollution still remains an issue for Athens,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Mount Parnitha,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hottest summer days.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: hottest summer days.

text: In many instances, ventilation for indoor air quality is simultaneously beneficial for the control of thermal comfort. At these times, it can be useful to increase the rate of ventilation beyond the minimum required for indoor air quality. Two examples include air-side economizer strategies and ventilation pre-cooling. In other instances, ventilation for indoor air quality contributes to the need for - and energy use by - mechanical heating and cooling equipment. It hot and humid climates dehumidification of ventilation air can be a particularly energy intensive process.

text: In many instances, ventilation for indoor air quality is simultaneously beneficial for the control of thermal comfort. At these times, it can be useful to increase the rate of ventilation beyond the minimum required for indoor air quality. Two examples include

text: air-side economizer

text: strategies and ventilation pre-cooling. In other instances, ventilation for indoor air quality contributes to the need for - and energy use by - mechanical heating and cooling equipment. It hot and humid climates dehumidification of ventilation air can be a particularly energy intensive process.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the cause of indoor air quality?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: humid climates

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air-side economizer strategies and ventilation pre-cooling.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: mechanical heating and cooling equipment.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ventilation for indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: hot and humid

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: minimum required for indoor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: hot and humid climates

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: ventilation for indoor air quality is simultaneously beneficial for the control of thermal comfort.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air-side economizer strategies and ventilation pre-cooling.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hot and humid climates

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: hot and humid climates

text: The Clean Air Act built on earlier efforts to regulate pollutants, particularly in London, where air quality had long been poor. Indeed, London had seen a succession of acts and rules over the centuries to improve its air—most recently the Smoke Nuisance Abatement (Metropolis) Acts 1853 and 1856 and the Public Health (London) Act 1891. However, despite the link between air pollution and health being well understood by the late 19th century, such efforts had not proven to be effective public health measures.

text: The Clean Air Act built on earlier efforts to regulate pollutants, particularly in London, where air quality had long been poor. Indeed, London had seen a succession of acts and rules over the centuries to improve its air—most recently the

text: Smoke Nuisance Abatement (Metropolis) Acts 1853

text: and 1856 and the

text: Public Health (London) Act 1891

text: . However, despite the link between air pollution and health being well understood by the late 19th century, such efforts had not proven to be effective public health measures.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: late 19th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the link between air pollution and health

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality had long been poor

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: such efforts had not proven to be effective public health measures.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: late 19th century,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: health

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: London,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality had long been poor.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smoke Nuisance Abatement

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality had long been poor.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act

text: Ozone is also produced by the action of sunlight on volatile organic liquids or VOLs, such as gasoline vapour present in the air of towns and cities, in a problem known as photochemical smog. The ozone formed can drift many miles before it is destroyed by further reactions.

text: Ozone is also produced by the action of

text: sunlight

text: on volatile organic liquids or VOLs, such as gasoline vapour present in the air of towns and cities, in a problem known as

text: photochemical smog

text: . The ozone formed can drift many miles before it is destroyed by further reactions.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: gasoline vapour

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: VOLs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sunlight

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: gasoline vapour

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: gasoline vapour

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Ozone is also produced by the action of sunlight on volatile organic liquids

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Ozone is also produced by the action of sunlight on volatile organic liquids

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: gasoline vapour present in the air of towns and cities,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: photochemical smog.

text: The federalized Khamsin went on sale in 1975. These models required fitting a solid version of the glass tail panel. The tail lights had to be moved downward, to the rear bumpers' former location; the new, protruding bumper was mounted below the tail lights. This new configuration of components left the exhaust tips unable to clear the bumper, a problem resolved flipping the exhaust resonators upside down. The front bumper was also replaced by a bigger one. Square side markers found their way on the front and rear wings.The engine had to be revised too, gaining smog control equipment (air injection, thermal reactors in the exhaust manifolds, different carburettors and leaner fuel mixture) and losing 5 hp.

text: The federalized Khamsin went on sale in 1975. These models required fitting a solid version of the glass tail panel. The tail lights had to be moved downward, to the rear bumpers' former location; the new, protruding bumper was mounted below the tail lights. This new configuration of components left the exhaust tips unable to clear the bumper, a problem resolved flipping the exhaust resonators upside down. The front bumper was also replaced by a bigger one. Square

text: side markers

text: found their way on the front and rear wings.The engine had to be revised too, gaining smog control equipment (

text: air injection

text: , thermal reactors in the

text: exhaust manifold

text: s, different carburettors and leaner

text: fuel mixture

text: ) and losing 5 hp.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1975

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog control equipment

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1975.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog control equipment

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: (air injection, thermal reactors in the exhaust manifolds,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 5

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1975. These models required fitting a solid version of the glass tail panel.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog control equipment

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: (air injection,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: the exhaust tips unable to clear the bumper,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1975.

text: An air quality control region is an area, designated by the federal government, where communities share a common air pollution problem.

text: An air quality control region is an area, designated by the federal government, where communities share a common air pollution problem.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality control region

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality control region

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: An air quality control region

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: communities share a common air pollution problem.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality control region

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air quality control region

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air quality control region

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution problem.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air quality control region

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality control region

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality control region

text: In 2005, Bloomberg Businessweek placed George Pataki among the 20 individuals it commended for their personal efforts to combat global warming, citing his Greenhouse Gas Task Force and efforts to increase New York's usage of renewable energies. In 1996, Pataki oversaw the creation and passage of the Clean Water/Clean Air Environmental Bond Act. The act put forth $1.75 billion for over 2,200 environmentally minded projects throughout the state. Projects were focused on improving drinking water quality, closing landfills, investing in recycling programs, cleaning up New York's polluted waterways, funding cleanup of Brownfields and clean-air projects. During his tenure, Pataki added over 1 million acres to the entirety of the protected open spaces of New York. He also worked to protect the drinking water of millions of New Yorkers through the Catskill Watershed Agreement. Through the agreement, the numerous small communities that surround the 19 reservoirs that provide drinking water for New York City received $1 billion in aid to assuage environmental issues and promote local development in return for accepting higher standards of environmental regulations to better protect the reservoirs. On Pataki's final day in office, The New York Times ran an editorial evaluating his twelve years as governor and praised his work on the environment.

text: In 2005,

text: Bloomberg Businessweek

text: placed George Pataki among the 20 individuals it commended for their personal efforts to combat global warming, citing his Greenhouse Gas Task Force and efforts to increase New York's usage of renewable energies. In 1996, Pataki oversaw the creation and passage of the Clean Water/Clean Air Environmental Bond Act. The act put forth $1.75 billion for over 2,200 environmentally minded projects throughout the state. Projects were focused on improving drinking water quality, closing landfills, investing in recycling programs, cleaning up New York's polluted waterways, funding cleanup of

text: Brownfields

text: and clean-air projects. During his tenure, Pataki added over 1 million acres to the entirety of the protected open spaces of New York. He also worked to protect the drinking water of millions of New Yorkers through the Catskill Watershed Agreement. Through the agreement, the numerous small communities that surround the 19 reservoirs that provide drinking water for New York City received $1 billion in aid to assuage environmental issues and promote local development in return for accepting higher standards of environmental regulations to better protect the reservoirs. On Pataki's final day in office,

text: The New York Times

text: ran an editorial evaluating his twelve years as governor and praised his work on the environment.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What was the Clean Air/Clean Air Environmental Bond Act?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Greenhouse Gas

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Greenhouse Gas

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Water/Clean Air Environmental Bond Act.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: global warming,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2,200

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Water/Clean Air Environmental Bond Act.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: global warming,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Brownfields

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: global warming,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Water/Clean Air Environmental Bond Act.

text: In the U.S., air emissions, which correspond to  losses for usable liquid commodities and/or salable products, are typically required to undergo air quality permitting under the Federal Clean Air Act. Quantification of potential emissions for permitting purposes is most often accomplished by applying emission equations published in Chapter 7.1 of the U.S. EPA's AP-42: Compilation of Air Emission Factors.

text: In the U.S., air emissions, which correspond to  losses for usable liquid commodities and/or salable products, are typically required to undergo air quality permitting under the Federal Clean Air Act. Quantification of potential emissions for permitting purposes is most often accomplished by applying emission equations published in Chapter 7.1 of the U.S. EPA's AP-42: Compilation of Air Emission Factors.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: losses for usable liquid commodities

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: losses for usable liquid commodities and/or salable products,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Federal Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: losses for usable liquid commodities and/or salable products,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air emissions,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: AP-42: Compilation of Air Emission Factors.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air quality permitting under the Federal Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air emissions,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air emissions,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality permitting under the Federal Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality permitting under the Federal Clean Air Act.

text: In Chile in 1887 there was a cholera epidemic, resulting in 50,000 deaths. At the Naval Academy laboratory, along with Carlos Newman, Salazar published a study on bacteriology by the name of "Notes on the Asian cholera bacillus" (Valparaiso, 1888), in which they displayed the first microphotographs taken in the country. That same year he published a report on the characteristics of the waters on the hillsides of Valparaiso as well as the results of a clinical and bacteriological examination of some waters in Chile. Professor Salazar was very interested in public health problems. He prepared a study of air quality in the Odeon and Victoria theaters in Valparaiso and of the Municipal Theater in Santiago. This was a work on the degree to which the air was rarified due to the use of gas lighting. This study was published in Italian. His studies on Chilean waters were published in London. In 1895 he wrote an article on "carbon dioxide in some enclosed and inhabited locales", and another "on the air quality in Valparaiso prisons". He also made a study of the quality of ice used for public consumption. In light of the multiplicity and variety of interests, as well as original, modern and unorthodox ideas, professor Arturo Salazar Valencia was known among some of his contemporaries as "crazy Salazar".

text: In Chile in 1887 there was a

text: cholera epidemic

text: , resulting in 50,000 deaths. At the Naval Academy laboratory, along with Carlos Newman, Salazar published a study on

text: bacteriology

text: by the name of "Notes on the Asian cholera bacillus" (Valparaiso, 1888), in which they displayed the first microphotographs taken in the country. That same year he published a report on the characteristics of the waters on the hillsides of Valparaiso as well as the results of a clinical and bacteriological examination of some waters in Chile. Professor Salazar was very interested in public health problems. He prepared a study of air quality in the Odeon and Victoria theaters in Valparaiso and of the Municipal Theater in Santiago. This was a work on the degree to which the air was rarified due to the use of gas lighting. This study was published in Italian. His studies on Chilean waters were published in

text: London

text: . In 1895 he wrote an article on "carbon dioxide in some enclosed and inhabited locales", and another "on the air quality in Valparaiso prisons". He also made a study of the quality of ice used for public consumption. In light of the multiplicity and variety of interests, as well as original, modern and unorthodox ideas, professor Arturo Salazar Valencia was known among some of his contemporaries as "crazy Salazar".

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1890s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: gas lighting

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: gas lighting

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: public health problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: gas lighting.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1887 there was a cholera epidemic,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: public health problems.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: gas lighting.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: "carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "Notes on the Asian cholera bacillus"

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: cholera epidemic,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: gas lighting.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "Notes on the Asian cholera bacillus"

text: The composition of PM particles varies, and they are often made of heavy metals and various toxic compounds, such as lead and sulfate. Small particles can be suspended in the air for long periods of time due to their low masses. While some particles such as large-size carbon may be seen as soot and smoke, most of them can only be detected with a microscope. The Chinese Academy of Sciences indicated that smog in Beijing is a combination of both artificial factors and natural factors. While various causes such as coal burning and car emissions come from human activity, natural causes such as the humid weather and a lack of wind also contributed to the smog.

text: The composition of PM particles varies, and they are often made of heavy metals and various toxic compounds, such as lead and sulfate. Small particles can be suspended in the air for long periods of time due to their low masses. While some particles such as large-size carbon may be seen as soot and smoke, most of them can only be detected with a

text: microscope

text: . The Chinese Academy of Sciences indicated that smog in Beijing is a combination of both artificial factors and natural factors. While various causes such as

text: coal

text: burning and car emissions come from human activity, natural causes such as the humid weather and a lack of

text: wind

text: also contributed to the smog.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: human activity

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal burning and car emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: humid weather

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog in Beijing is a combination of both artificial factors and natural factors.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: human activity,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog in Beijing is a combination of both artificial factors and natural factors.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal burning and car emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: lead and sulfate.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog in Beijing

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: lead and sulfate.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: humid weather and a lack of wind

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: natural causes such as the humid weather and a lack of wind

text: In 1972, MIM instituted an air quality monitoring system in Mount Isa, shutting down the smelter operations whenever the meteorological conditions were considered likely to exceed the USEPA standards for sulfur dioxide levels within the city of Mount Isa. The air quality control system (known as the "AQC system") resulted in the loss of about 15% of the lead smelter's production and about 7.7% of copper production.

text: In 1972, MIM instituted an air quality monitoring system in Mount Isa, shutting down the smelter operations whenever the meteorological conditions were considered likely to exceed the USEPA standards for sulfur dioxide levels within the city of Mount Isa. The air quality control system (known as the "AQC system") resulted in the loss of about 15% of the lead smelter's production and about 7.7% of copper production.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sulfur dioxide levels

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sulfur dioxide levels

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1972,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 15%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 15%

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: USEPA standards for sulfur dioxide levels within the city of Mount Isa.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sulfur dioxide levels

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 15%

text: In 2009, citizen environmental monitoring of air quality problems resulted in an investigation by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) into emissions from Tonawanda Coke Corporation (TCC), a producer of foundry coke located on River Road, Tonawanda. In 1998 TCC had been cited by the EPA for violations of oil spill prevention sections of the federal Clean Water Act following contamination of the nearby Niagara River. The investigations into air quality revealed TCC was using an unreported pressure-relief system to vent coke oven gases containing benzene direct to the atmosphere, operating a coke-quenching tower without pollution-control baffles, and dumping hazardous waste in the form of coal tar sludge.

text: In 2009, citizen environmental monitoring of air quality problems resulted in an investigation by the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) into emissions from Tonawanda Coke Corporation (TCC), a producer of

text: foundry coke

text: located on River Road, Tonawanda. In 1998 TCC had been cited by the EPA for violations of oil spill prevention sections of the federal

text: Clean Water Act

text: following contamination of the nearby

text: Niagara River

text: . The investigations into air quality revealed TCC was using an unreported pressure-relief system to vent coke oven gases containing

text: benzene

text: direct to the atmosphere, operating a coke-quenching tower without pollution-control baffles, and dumping hazardous waste in the form of coal tar sludge.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: hazardous waste

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2009,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous waste

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: In 2009,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Niagara River.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Niagara River.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Niagara River.

text: In October 2015, the City Council passed Johnson’s legislation that requires the City to conduct regular air quality surveys that identify the major local and regional sources of air pollution.

text: In October 2015, the City Council passed Johnson’s legislation that requires the City to conduct regular air quality surveys that identify the major local and regional sources of

text: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 20th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sources of

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: local and regional sources

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sources of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: major local and regional sources of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality surveys that identify the major local and regional sources of air pollution.

text: For call-in talk shows, screeners determine the air quality of the call (good connection or not) and if the caller's comments will further the topic or add a new point.  Their job is to put the best calls on the air and filter out the callers that don't have anything worthwhile to add to the conversation. They also try to engage callers by acting as a "warm up" act for the host. Call screeners also typically provide a summary of pertinent information for the host or hosts to provide context for on air interaction, such as the caller's name, age, gender, location and a precis of what they intend to talk about.

text: For call-in

text: talk show

text: s, screeners determine the air quality of the call (good connection or not) and if the caller's comments will further the topic or add a new point.  Their job is to put the best calls on the air and filter out the callers that don't have anything worthwhile to add to the conversation. They also try to engage callers by acting as a "warm up" act for the host. Call screeners also typically provide a summary of pertinent information for the host or hosts to provide context for on air interaction, such as the caller's name, age, gender, location and a precis of what they intend to talk about.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: context: Call screeners also typically provide a summary of pertinent information for the host or hosts to provide context for on air interaction, such as the host's name, age, gender, location and a precis of what they intend to talk about.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: call-in talk shows

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: context: As of 2013, the clean air act regulates this many pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: context: As of 2013, most of the smoggiest cities in the united states were in California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: context: Call screeners also typically provide a summary of pertinent information for the host or hosts to provide context for on air interaction

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: context: Smog can build up on a winter day because inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: screeners determine the air quality of the call

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: call-in talk shows,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: screeners determine the air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: call-in talk shows, screeners

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: call-in talk shows, screeners determine the air quality of the call

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: call-in talk shows,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: call-in talk shows, screeners determine the air quality of the call

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: call-in talk shows, screeners determine the air quality of the call

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: call-in talk shows, screeners determine the air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: call-in talk shows, screeners

text: A significant policy shift took place in October 1990, when a memorandum from the FHWA administrator stated that "FHWA strongly supports the objective of HOV preferential facilities and encourages the proper application of HOV technology." Regional administrators were directed to promote HOV lanes and related facilities. Also in the early 1990s, two laws reinforced the U.S. commitment to HOV lane construction. The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 included HOV lanes as one of the transportation control measures that could be included in state implementation plans to attain federal air quality standards. The 1990 amendments also deny the administrator of the EPA the authority to block FHWA from funding 24-hour HOV lanes as part of the sanctions for a state's failure to comply with the Clean Air Act, if the secretary of transportation wishes to approve the FHWA funds.

text: A significant policy shift took place in October 1990, when a memorandum from the FHWA administrator stated that "FHWA strongly supports the objective of HOV preferential facilities and encourages the proper application of HOV technology." Regional administrators were directed to promote HOV lanes and related facilities. Also in the early 1990s, two laws reinforced the U.S. commitment to HOV lane construction. The

text: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990

text: included HOV lanes as one of the transportation control measures that could be included in state implementation plans to attain federal air quality standards. The 1990 amendments also deny the administrator of the EPA the authority to block FHWA from funding 24-hour HOV lanes as part of the sanctions for a state's failure to comply with the Clean Air Act, if the secretary of transportation wishes to approve the FHWA funds.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: HOV lane construction

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: HOV lanes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1990,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: transportation control measures

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: HOV preferential facilities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: federal air quality standards.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1990,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: federal air quality standards.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: federal air quality standards.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: failure to comply with the Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1990,

text: Scientists have air pollution dispersion models to evaluate the concentration of a pollutant at a receptor or the impact on overall air quality from vehicle exhausts and industrial flue gas stack emissions. To some extent, this field overlaps the desire to decrease carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions from combustion processes.They apply scientific and engineering principles to evaluate if there are likely to be any adverse impacts to water quality, air quality, habitat quality, flora and fauna, agricultural capacity, traffic impacts, social impacts, ecological impacts, noise impacts, visual (landscape) impacts, etc. If impacts are expected, they then develop mitigation measures to limit or prevent such impacts. An example of a mitigation measure would be the creation of wetlands in a nearby location to mitigate the filling in of wetlands necessary for a road development if it is not possible to reroute the road.

text: Scientists have air pollution dispersion models to evaluate the concentration of a pollutant at a receptor or the impact on overall air quality from vehicle exhausts and industrial flue gas stack emissions. To some extent, this field overlaps the desire to decrease carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions from combustion processes.They apply scientific and engineering principles to evaluate if there are likely to be any adverse impacts to water quality, air quality,

text: habitat

text: quality,

text: flora

text: and

text: fauna

text: , agricultural capacity,

text: traffic

text: impacts, social impacts, ecological impacts, noise impacts, visual (landscape) impacts, etc. If impacts are expected, they then develop mitigation measures to limit or prevent such impacts. An example of a mitigation measure would be the creation of

text: wetland

text: s in a nearby location to mitigate the filling in of wetlands necessary for a road development if it is not possible to reroute the road.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: to decrease carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: vehicle exhausts and industrial flue gas stack emissions.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: greenhouse gas emissions from combustion processes.They

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: vehicle exhausts and industrial flue gas stack emissions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: vehicle exhausts and industrial flue gas stack emissions.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: decrease carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions from combustion processes.They

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: vehicle exhausts and industrial flue gas stack emissions.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: vehicle exhausts and industrial flue gas stack emissions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: wetlands

text: After decades of steady progress, air quality improvements have leveled off as growth has begun to offset the technological advancements that have served the region well until now. Today, the SCAG region faces an air quality crisis, with more than 5,000 premature deaths from fine particulate matter. SCAG must respond to more stringent air quality standards for PM (particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometres in diameter) and even unregulated smaller pollutants called nanoparticles by reducing the reliance on diesel and other petroleum-based, combustion engines.

text: After decades of steady progress, air quality improvements have leveled off as growth has begun to offset the technological advancements that have served the region well until now. Today, the SCAG region faces an air quality crisis, with more than 5,000 premature deaths from fine particulate matter. SCAG must respond to more stringent air quality standards for PM (particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometres in diameter) and even unregulated smaller pollutants called nanoparticles by reducing the reliance on diesel and other petroleum-based, combustion engines.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: decades of steady progress

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: fine particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fine particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fine particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: growth

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: nanoparticles

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: growth has begun to offset the technological advancements

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: fine particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: diesel and other petroleum-based, combustion engines.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2.5 micrometres in diameter)

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: growth has begun to offset the technological advancements

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: more stringent air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM (particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometres in diameter)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: growth

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 5,000 premature deaths from fine particulate matter.

text: In indoor air quality, air changes per hour measures how many times the air within a defined space, such as a room or house, is replaced in an hour.

text: In

text: indoor air quality

text: air changes per hour

text: measures how many times the air within a defined space, such as a room or house, is replaced in an hour.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air changes per hour

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: In indoor air quality, air changes per hour

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: In indoor air quality, air changes per hour

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air changes per hour

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air changes per hour

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: indoor air quality,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air changes per hour

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air changes per hour

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air changes per hour

text: The Air pollution is the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere. Common gaseous  pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and nitrogen oxides produced by industry and motor vehicles. Photochemical ozone and smog are created as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react to sunlight. Particulate matter, or fine dust is characterized by their micrometre size PM to PM. The air in Karachi is rapidly polluted by automobile smoke, especially Rickshaws and Buses, industrial emissions, open burning of garbage, house fires, and other particles but the government and environment organizations seems non-serious to tackle the issue timely.

text: The Air pollution is the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere. Common gaseous  pollutants include

text: carbon monoxide

text: sulfur dioxide

text: chlorofluorocarbon

text: s (CFCs) and

text: nitrogen oxide

text: s produced by industry and motor vehicles. Photochemical

text: ozone

text: and smog are created as nitrogen oxides and

text: hydrocarbon

text: s react to sunlight.

text: Particulate matter

text: , or fine dust is characterized by their

text: micrometre

text: size PM to PM. The air in

text: Karachi

text: is rapidly polluted by automobile smoke, especially

text: Rickshaw

text: s and

text: Bus

text: es, industrial emissions, open burning of garbage, house fires, and other particles but the government and environment organizations seems non-serious to tackle the issue timely.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: chemical and particulates

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sunlight

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industry and motor vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industry and motor vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react to sunlight.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Karachi

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react to sunlight.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog are created as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react to sunlight.

text: Air quality monitoring by the Department are carried out by 11 general stations and three roadside stations. On 8 March 2012, the Department started reporting data on fine suspended particulates in the air on an hourly basis, that are a leading component of smog. It began regular monitoring of PM levels, which measure particles 2.5 micrometres (µm) in diameter or less, at three stations since 2005, but the data were never publicized.

text: Air quality monitoring by the Department are carried out by 11 general stations and three roadside stations. On 8 March 2012, the Department started reporting data on fine suspended particulates in the air on an hourly basis, that are a leading component of smog. It began regular monitoring of PM levels, which measure particles 2.5

text: micrometres

text: (µm) in diameter or less, at three stations since 2005, but the data were never publicized.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2005

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: particulates

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM levels

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: fine suspended particulates

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2012,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fine suspended particulates

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 11 general stations and three

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 11 general stations and three roadside stations.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fine suspended particulates

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: fine suspended particulates

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 11 general stations and three roadside stations.

text: The Minister for Environment, Forests & Climate Change Shri Prakash Javadekar launched The National Air Quality Index (AQI) in New Delhi on 17 September 2014 under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. It is outlined as ‘One Number- One Colour-One Description’ for the common man to judge the air quality within his vicinity. The index constitutes part of the Government’s mission to introduce the culture of cleanliness. Institutional and infrastructural measures are being undertaken in order to ensure that the mandate of cleanliness is fulfilled across the country and the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change proposed to discuss the issues concerned regarding quality of air with the Ministry of Human Resource Development in order to include this issue as part of the sensitisation programme in the course curriculum.

text: The Minister for Environment, Forests & Climate Change Shri Prakash Javadekar launched The National Air Quality Index (AQI) in New Delhi on 17 September 2014 under the

text: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

text: . It is outlined as ‘One Number- One Colour-One Description’ for the common man to judge the air quality within his vicinity. The index constitutes part of the Government’s mission to introduce the culture of cleanliness. Institutional and infrastructural measures are being undertaken in order to ensure that the mandate of cleanliness is fulfilled across the country and the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change proposed to discuss the issues concerned regarding quality of air with the Ministry of Human Resource Development in order to include this issue as part of the sensitisation programme in the course curriculum.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Swachh Bharat

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Swachh Bharat

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Climate Change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The National Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ‘One Number- One Colour-One Description’

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Climate Change

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

text: New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) are pollution control standards issued by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).  The term is used in the Clean Air Act Extension of 1970 (CAA) to refer to air pollution emission standards, and in the Clean Water Act (CWA) referring to standards for water pollution discharges of industrial wastewater to surface waters.

text: New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) are pollution control

text: standards

text: issued by the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA).  The term is used in the

text: Clean Air Act Extension of 1970

text: (CAA) to refer to

text: air pollution

text: emission standards, and in the

text: Clean Water Act

text: (CWA) referring to standards for

text: water pollution

text: discharges of

text: industrial wastewater

text: to

text: surface water

text: s.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: New Source Performance Standards

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial wastewater

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: New Source Performance Standards

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emission standards,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial wastewater

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: industrial wastewater to surface waters.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: New Source Performance Standards

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: New Source Performance Standards

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: New Source Performance Standards

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial wastewater

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: New Source Performance Standards

text: Thresholds of significance can be determined by reference of air quality management district CEQA guidelines. The Bay Area Air Quality Management District, South Coast Air Quality Management District, and San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District are the only districts to date that have adopted CEQA guidelines. Below are highlights from the BAAQMD and SCAQMD:

text: Thresholds of significance can be determined by reference of air quality management district CEQA guidelines. The Bay Area Air Quality Management District, South Coast Air Quality Management District, and San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District are the only districts to date that have adopted CEQA guidelines. Below are highlights from the BAAQMD and SCAQMD:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality management district

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: As of 2013, most of the smoggiest cities in the United States were in California.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Bay Area Air Quality Management District, South Coast Air Quality Management District, and San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Pollution Control District

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog can build up on a winter day because inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Thresholds of significance

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Thresholds of significance

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District

text: For years, it was thought by American government scientists who measure air pollution that diesel locomotive engines were relatively clean and emitted far less health-threatening emissions than those of diesel trucks or other vehicles; however, the scientists discovered that because they used faulty estimates of the amount of fuel consumed by diesel locomotives, they grossly understated the amount of pollution generated annually (In Europe, where most major railways have been electrified, there is less concern). After revising their calculations, they concluded that the annual emissions of nitrogen oxide, a major ingredient in smog and acid rain, and soot would be by 2030 nearly twice what they originally assumed.

text: For years, it was thought by American government scientists who measure

text: air pollution

text: that diesel locomotive engines were relatively clean and emitted far less health-threatening emissions than those of diesel trucks or other vehicles; however, the scientists discovered that because they used faulty estimates of the amount of fuel consumed by diesel locomotives, they grossly understated the amount of pollution generated annually (In Europe, where most major railways have been electrified, there is less concern). After revising their calculations, they concluded that the annual emissions of nitrogen oxide, a major ingredient in

text: smog

text: and

text: acid rain

text: , and soot would be by 2030 nearly twice what they originally assumed.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 20th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: nitrogen oxide

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog and acid rain, and soot

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2030

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxide,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nitrogen oxide,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: For years, it was thought by American government scientists who measure air pollution

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: faulty estimates of the amount of fuel consumed by diesel locomotives,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxide,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: nitrogen oxide, a major ingredient in smog

text: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a Spectral clustering. The maximum among the conductance of clusters provides a bound which can be used, along with inter-cluster edge weight, to define a measure on the quality of clustering. Intuitively, the conductance of a cluster(which can be seen as a set of vertices in a graph) should be low. Apart from this, the conductance of the subgraph induced by a cluster(called "internal conductance") can be used as well.

text: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a

text: Spectral clustering

text: . The maximum among the conductance of clusters provides a bound which can be used, along with inter-cluster edge weight, to define a measure on the quality of clustering. Intuitively, the conductance of a cluster(which can be seen as a set of vertices in a graph) should be low. Apart from this, the conductance of the subgraph induced by a cluster(called "internal conductance") can be used as well.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: conductance

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: conductance

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversions

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a Spectral clustering.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a Spectral clustering.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Conductance

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a Spectral clustering.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a Spectral clustering.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a Spectral clustering.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a Spectral clustering.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a Spectral clustering.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a Spectral clustering.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Conductance also helps measure the quality of a Spectral clustering.

text: |-|align="center" colspan=8|55 Wins (34 knockouts, 21 decisions), 9 Losses (3 knockouts, 6 decisions), 4 Draws, 2 No Contests |-| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Result| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Record| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Opponent| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Type| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Round| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Date| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Location| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Notes|-align=center|Loss|19-12-2|align=left| Jesse Burnett|UD|12|14 June 1980|align=left| Disneyland Hotel, Anaheim, California, United States|align=left|'''WBC World Cruiserweight Title Eliminator'''. 111–115, 111–116, 112–115.|-|Loss|23-3|align=left| Marvin Johnson|KO|11|30 November 1979|align=left| Louisiana Superdome, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''. Johnson knocked out at 0:20 of the 11th round.|-|Win|36-4-3|align=left| Mike Rossman|RTD|9|14 April 1979|align=left| Louisiana Superdome, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''. Rossman retired at 3:00 of the ninth round.|-|Win|9-8-3|align=left| Roberto Gustavo Aguilar|RTD|8|9 March 1979|align=left| San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|34-4-3|align=left| Mike Rossman|TKO|13|15 September 1978|align=left| Louisiana Superdome, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|5–8|align=left| Marcos Antonio Tosto|KO|6|19 August 1978|align=left| General Pico, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|1-0|align=left| Waldemar De Oliveira|KO|9|8 July 1978|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6-13-6|align=left| Juan Antonio Musladino|KO|9|16 June 1978|align=left| Mendoza, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|42-6|align=left| Yaqui Lopez|UD|15|6 May 1978|align=left| La Bussola Teatro Tenda, Viareggio, Italy|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|7-5-2|align=left| Ramon Reinaldo Cerrezuela|PTS|10|8 April 1978|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22-2-1|align=left| Eddie Mustafa Muhammad|UD|15|20 November 1977|align=left| Palazzo dello Sport di Parco Ruffini, Torino, Italy|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|38-5|align=left| Yaqui Lopez|UD|15|17 September 1977|align=left| Palazzetto dello Sport, Rome, Italy|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|33-2|align=left| Richie Kates|UD|15|18 June 1977|align=left| Palazzetto dello Sport, Rome, Italy|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|15-7-5|align=left| Guillermo Aguirrezabala|KO|4|6 April 1977|align=left| Mendoza, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|27-15-1|align=left| Kosie Smith|UD|15|5 October 1976|align=left| Rand Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''. 104-91, 105–95, 105–92.|-|Win|33-11-1|align=left| Billy "Dynamite" Douglas|PTS|10|21 August 1976|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|32-1|align=left| Richie Kates|KO|15|22 May 1976|align=left| Rand Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''. Kates knocked out at 2:59 of the 15th round.|-|Win|10-2-1|align=left| Jesse Burnett|SD|10|8 April 1976|align=left| K.B. Hallen, Copenhagen, Denmark|align=left||-|Win|15-0-1|align=left| Harald Skog|KO|3|28 March 1976|align=left| Ekeberg Hall, Oslo, Norway|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|49-4-1|align=left| Pierre Fourie|SD|15|13 September 1975|align=left| Rand Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|41-6-2|align=left| Jorge Ahumada|UD|15|30 June 1975|align=left| Madison Square Garden, New York City, United States|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|12-1|align=left| "Communist" Ray Elson|TKO|8|16 May 1975|align=left| Las Vegas Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada, South Africa|align=left||-|Win|48-3-1|align=left| Pierre Fourie|UD|15|7 April 1975|align=left| Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|21-10|align=left| Johnny Griffin|KO|6|15 February 1975|align=left| Balcarce, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22-1-1|align=left| Len "Stinger" Hutchins|TKO|13|7 December 1974|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''WBA World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|0–5|align=left| Domingo Silveira|KO|4|5 October 1974|align=left| Parana, Entre Rios, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|25-11-1|align=left| Angel "Nip/Tuck" Oquendo|PTS|10|14 September 1974|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–4|align=left| Domingo Silveira|KO|5|1 September 1974|align=left| San Juan, La Rioja, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–3|align=left| Domingo Silveira|KO|4|12 July 1974|align=left| San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|42-20-2|align=left| Jose "Monon" Gonzalez|PTS|10|8 June 1974|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6-7-1|align=left| Ruben Macario Gonzalez|KO|3|5 April 1974|align=left| Rio Cuarto, Cordoba, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|35-10-2|align=left| "Sugar" Ray Anderson|KO|2|16 February 1974|align=left| Balcarce, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina|align=left|Anderson knocked out at 1:23 of the second round.|-|Win|8-2-1|align=left| Eddie "Big E" Duncan|KO|2|8 December 1973|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7-6-1|align=left| Raul Arturo Loyola|TKO|8|10 November 1973|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7-5-1|align=left| Raul Arturo Loyola|PTS|12|7 September 1973|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''FAB Argentina Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|29-14-11|align=left| Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar|KO|6|10 August 1973|align=left| San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|34-16-2|align=left| Karl Zurheide|KO|2|14 July 1973|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|34-18-3|align=left| Eddie "Red Top" Owens|KO|3|12 May 1973|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|28-12-11|align=left| Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar|PTS|12|14 April 1973|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''FAB Argentina Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|6-4-1|align=left| Ruben Macario Gonzalez|KO|3|29 January 1973|align=left| Salta, Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|27-12-10|align=left| Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar|PTS|10|15 December 1972|align=left| Mendoza, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–6|align=left| Oscar Wondryk|KO|7|10 November 1972|align=left| Venado Tuerto, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|66-8-4|align=left| Avenamar Peralta|PTS|12|7 October 1972|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''South America Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|66-7-4|align=left| Avenamar Peralta|PTS|12|2 September 1972|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''FAB Argentina Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|24-8-2|align=left| Adolfo Jorge Cardozo|TKO|4|19 August 1972|align=left| Rosario Teatro Real, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|27-11-9|align=left| Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar|PTS|12|22 July 1972|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''FAB Argentina Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|24-10-1|align=left| Eddie "Bossman" Jones|PTS|10|6 May 1972|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|9-8-1|align=left| Carlos Santagada|TKO|8|22 January 1972|align=left| Nueve de Julio, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|60-7-4|align=left| Avenamar Peralta|PTS|10|18 December 1971|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|27-9-9|align=left| Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar|PTS|10|20 November 1971|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|27-3|align=left| Jorge Ahumada|KO|6|30 October 1971|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|58-7-4|align=left| Avenamar Peralta|TKO|9|11 September 1971|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|26-2|align=left| Jorge Ahumada|KO|9|31 July 1971|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|6-1-3|align=left| Pedro Rimovsky|PTS|10|12 June 1971|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|25-2|align=left| Jorge Ahumada|PTS|10|24 May 1971|align=left| Mendoza, Argentina|align=left||-|No Contest|6-1-2|align=left| Pedro Rimovsky|NC|1|7 April 1971|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|57-4-4|align=left| Avenamar Peralta|PTS|10|9 January 1971|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|56-4-4|align=left| Avenamar Peralta|PTS|12|28 November 1970|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''FAB Argentina Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Loss|21-6-8|align=left| Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar|PTS|10|18 September 1970|align=left| Mendoza, Argentina|align=left||-|No Contest|21-6-8|align=left| Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar|NC|1|14 August 1970|align=left| Mendoza, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22-1|align=left| Jorge Ahumada|KO|5|22 July 1970|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|21-6-7|align=left| Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar|PTS|10|24 June 1970|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|2-2|align=left| Alfredo Segura|KO|3|20 May 1970|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|--|align=left| Ramon Reinaldo Cerrezuela|TKO|9|9 May 1970|align=left| Lujan, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|20-5-7|align=left| Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar|PTS|10|8 April 1970|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7-19-4|align=left| Ramon Rocha|KO|9|13 March 1970|align=left| Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|18-1|align=left| Adolfo Jorge Cardozo|KO|5|17 January 1970|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|9-0-1|align=left| Adolfo Cejas|PTS|10|16 August 1969|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–2|align=left|Ruperto Robledo|KO|3|28 June 1969|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0-0-1|align=left| Ramon Ruiz|KO|4|10 May 1969|align=left| Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||}

text: |-|align="center" colspan=8|55 Wins (34 knockouts, 21 decisions), 9 Losses (3 knockouts, 6 decisions), 4 Draws, 2 No Contests |-| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Result| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Record| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Opponent| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Type| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Round| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Date| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Location| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Notes|-align=center|Loss|19-12-2|align=left|

text: Jesse Burnett

text: |UD|12|14 June 1980|align=left|

text: Disneyland Hotel

text: Anaheim, California

text: , United States|align=left|'''

text: WBC

text: World Cruiserweight Title Eliminator'''. 111–115, 111–116, 112–115.|-|Loss|23-3|align=left|

text: Marvin Johnson

text: |KO|11|30 November 1979|align=left|

text: Louisiana Superdome

text: New Orleans, Louisiana

text: , United States|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''. Johnson knocked out at 0:20 of the 11th round.|-|Win|36-4-3|align=left|

text: Mike Rossman

text: |RTD|9|14 April 1979|align=left|

text: Louisiana Superdome

text: New Orleans, Louisiana

text: , United States|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''. Rossman retired at 3:00 of the ninth round.|-|Win|9-8-3|align=left|

text: Roberto Gustavo Aguilar

text: |RTD|8|9 March 1979|align=left|

text: San Miguel de Tucuman

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|34-4-3|align=left|

text: Mike Rossman

text: |TKO|13|15 September 1978|align=left|

text: Louisiana Superdome

text: New Orleans, Louisiana

text: , United States|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|5–8|align=left|

text: Marcos Antonio Tosto

text: |KO|6|19 August 1978|align=left|

text: General Pico

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|1-0|align=left|

text: Waldemar De Oliveira

text: |KO|9|8 July 1978|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6-13-6|align=left|

text: Juan Antonio Musladino

text: |KO|9|16 June 1978|align=left|

text: Mendoza, Argentina

text: Yaqui Lopez

text: |UD|15|6 May 1978|align=left|

text: La Bussola Teatro Tenda

text: Viareggio

text: , Italy|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|7-5-2|align=left|

text: Ramon Reinaldo Cerrezuela

text: |PTS|10|8 April 1978|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22-2-1|align=left|

text: Eddie Mustafa Muhammad

text: |UD|15|20 November 1977|align=left|

text: Palazzo dello Sport di Parco Ruffini

text: Torino

text: , Italy|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|38-5|align=left|

text: Yaqui Lopez

text: |UD|15|17 September 1977|align=left|

text: Palazzetto dello Sport

text: , Rome, Italy|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|33-2|align=left|

text: Richie Kates

text: |UD|15|18 June 1977|align=left|

text: Palazzetto dello Sport

text: , Rome, Italy|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|15-7-5|align=left|

text: Guillermo Aguirrezabala

text: |KO|4|6 April 1977|align=left|

text: Mendoza, Argentina

text: Kosie Smith

text: |UD|15|5 October 1976|align=left|

text: Rand Stadium

text: Johannesburg

text: , South Africa|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''. 104-91, 105–95, 105–92.|-|Win|33-11-1|align=left|

text: Billy "Dynamite" Douglas

text: |PTS|10|21 August 1976|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|32-1|align=left|

text: Richie Kates

text: |KO|15|22 May 1976|align=left|

text: Rand Stadium

text: Johannesburg

text: , South Africa|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''. Kates knocked out at 2:59 of the 15th round.|-|Win|10-2-1|align=left|

text: Jesse Burnett

text: |SD|10|8 April 1976|align=left|

text: K.B. Hallen

text: , Copenhagen, Denmark|align=left||-|Win|15-0-1|align=left|

text: Harald Skog

text: |KO|3|28 March 1976|align=left|

text: Ekeberg Hall

text: , Oslo, Norway|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|49-4-1|align=left|

text: Pierre Fourie

text: |SD|15|13 September 1975|align=left|

text: Rand Stadium

text: Johannesburg

text: , South Africa|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|41-6-2|align=left|

text: Jorge Ahumada

text: |UD|15|30 June 1975|align=left|

text: Madison Square Garden

text: , New York City, United States|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|12-1|align=left|

text: "Communist" Ray Elson

text: |TKO|8|16 May 1975|align=left|

text: Las Vegas Convention Center

text: Las Vegas, Nevada

text: , South Africa|align=left||-|Win|48-3-1|align=left|

text: Pierre Fourie

text: |UD|15|7 April 1975|align=left|

text: Ellis Park Stadium

text: Johannesburg

text: , South Africa|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|21-10|align=left|

text: Johnny Griffin

text: |KO|6|15 February 1975|align=left|

text: Balcarce, Buenos Aires Province

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22-1-1|align=left|

text: Len "Stinger" Hutchins

text: |TKO|13|7 December 1974|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|0–5|align=left|

text: Domingo Silveira

text: |KO|4|5 October 1974|align=left|

text: Parana, Entre Rios

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|25-11-1|align=left|

text: Angel "Nip/Tuck" Oquendo

text: |PTS|10|14 September 1974|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–4|align=left|

text: Domingo Silveira

text: |KO|5|1 September 1974|align=left|

text: San Juan, La Rioja

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–3|align=left|

text: Domingo Silveira

text: |KO|4|12 July 1974|align=left|

text: San Salvador de Jujuy

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|42-20-2|align=left|

text: Jose "Monon" Gonzalez

text: |PTS|10|8 June 1974|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6-7-1|align=left|

text: Ruben Macario Gonzalez

text: |KO|3|5 April 1974|align=left|

text: Rio Cuarto, Cordoba

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|35-10-2|align=left|

text: "Sugar" Ray Anderson

text: |KO|2|16 February 1974|align=left|

text: Balcarce, Buenos Aires Province

text: , Argentina|align=left|Anderson knocked out at 1:23 of the second round.|-|Win|8-2-1|align=left|

text: Eddie "Big E" Duncan

text: |KO|2|8 December 1973|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7-6-1|align=left|

text: Raul Arturo Loyola

text: |TKO|8|10 November 1973|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7-5-1|align=left|

text: Raul Arturo Loyola

text: |PTS|12|7 September 1973|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''FAB Argentina Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|29-14-11|align=left|

text: Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar

text: |KO|6|10 August 1973|align=left|

text: San Miguel de Tucuman

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|34-16-2|align=left|

text: Karl Zurheide

text: |KO|2|14 July 1973|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|34-18-3|align=left|

text: Eddie "Red Top" Owens

text: |KO|3|12 May 1973|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|28-12-11|align=left|

text: Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar

text: |PTS|12|14 April 1973|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''FAB Argentina Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|6-4-1|align=left|

text: Ruben Macario Gonzalez

text: |KO|3|29 January 1973|align=left|

text: Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|27-12-10|align=left|

text: Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar

text: |PTS|10|15 December 1972|align=left|

text: Mendoza, Argentina

text: Oscar Wondryk

text: |KO|7|10 November 1972|align=left|

text: Venado Tuerto

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|66-8-4|align=left|

text: Avenamar Peralta

text: |PTS|12|7 October 1972|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''South America Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|66-7-4|align=left|

text: Avenamar Peralta

text: |PTS|12|2 September 1972|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''FAB Argentina Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|24-8-2|align=left|

text: Adolfo Jorge Cardozo

text: |TKO|4|19 August 1972|align=left|

text: Rosario Teatro Real

text: Rosario, Santa Fe

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|27-11-9|align=left|

text: Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar

text: |PTS|12|22 July 1972|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''FAB Argentina Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Win|24-10-1|align=left|

text: Eddie "Bossman" Jones

text: |PTS|10|6 May 1972|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|9-8-1|align=left|

text: Carlos Santagada

text: |TKO|8|22 January 1972|align=left|

text: Nueve de Julio, Buenos Aires Province

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|60-7-4|align=left|

text: Avenamar Peralta

text: |PTS|10|18 December 1971|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|27-9-9|align=left|

text: Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar

text: |PTS|10|20 November 1971|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|27-3|align=left|

text: Jorge Ahumada

text: |KO|6|30 October 1971|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|58-7-4|align=left|

text: Avenamar Peralta

text: |TKO|9|11 September 1971|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|26-2|align=left|

text: Jorge Ahumada

text: |KO|9|31 July 1971|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|6-1-3|align=left|

text: Pedro Rimovsky

text: |PTS|10|12 June 1971|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|25-2|align=left|

text: Jorge Ahumada

text: |PTS|10|24 May 1971|align=left|

text: Mendoza, Argentina

text: |align=left||-|No Contest|6-1-2|align=left|

text: Pedro Rimovsky

text: |NC|1|7 April 1971|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|57-4-4|align=left|

text: Avenamar Peralta

text: |PTS|10|9 January 1971|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|56-4-4|align=left|

text: Avenamar Peralta

text: |PTS|12|28 November 1970|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''FAB Argentina Light Heavyweight Title'''.|-|Loss|21-6-8|align=left|

text: Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar

text: |PTS|10|18 September 1970|align=left|

text: Mendoza, Argentina

text: |align=left||-|No Contest|21-6-8|align=left|

text: Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar

text: |NC|1|14 August 1970|align=left|

text: Mendoza, Argentina

text: Jorge Ahumada

text: |KO|5|22 July 1970|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: Buenos Aires, Argentina

text: Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar

text: |PTS|10|24 June 1970|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: Buenos Aires, Argentina

text: Alfredo Segura

text: |KO|3|20 May 1970|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: Buenos Aires, Argentina

text: |align=left||-|Win|--|align=left|

text: Ramon Reinaldo Cerrezuela

text: |TKO|9|9 May 1970|align=left|

text: Lujan, Buenos Aires Province

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|20-5-7|align=left|

text: Juan "Mendoza" Aguilar

text: |PTS|10|8 April 1970|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: Buenos Aires, Argentina

text: Ramon Rocha

text: |KO|9|13 March 1970|align=left|

text: Rosario, Santa Fe

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|18-1|align=left|

text: Adolfo Jorge Cardozo

text: |KO|5|17 January 1970|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: Buenos Aires, Argentina

text: Adolfo Cejas

text: |PTS|10|16 August 1969|align=left|

text: Azul, Buenos Aires Province

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–2|align=left|

text: Ruperto Robledo

text: |KO|3|28 June 1969|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: Buenos Aires, Argentina

text: Ramon Ruiz

text: |KO|4|10 May 1969|align=left|

text: Estadio Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: Buenos Aires, Argentina

text: |align=left||}

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: all air pollutants are human-made materials.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a major contributor to global warming

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: |-|align="center" style="border-style: none solid solid"|

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: |-|align="center" style="border-style: none solid solid"|California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: ozone depletion

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: the following six important pollutants:

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: context: Smog can build up on a winter day because inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Anaheim,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: round.|-|Win|36-4-3|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: round.|-|Win|36-4-3|align=left|

text: Until 2014, The Clean Air Campaign received 80 percent of its funding from U.S. Department of Transportation Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement (CMAQ) Program funds. Today, The Clean Air Campaign secures private funding through corporate and foundation grants to deploy demand management programs and services to employers, commuters and schools.

text: Until 2014, The Clean Air Campaign received 80 percent of its funding from U.S. Department of Transportation Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement (CMAQ) Program funds. Today, The Clean Air Campaign secures private funding through corporate and foundation grants to deploy demand management programs and services to employers, commuters and schools.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Until 2014,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2014,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Quality Improvement

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Transportation

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2014,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Until 2014,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Improvement

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Quality Improvement

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Quality Improvement (CMAQ) Program funds.

text: China’s exceedingly high energy demand has pushed the demand for relatively cheap coal-fired power. Each week, another 2GW of coal-fired power is put online in China.  Coal supplies about 80% of China's energy needs today, and that ratio is expected to continue, even as overall power usage grows rapidly. Serious air quality deterioration has resulted from the massive use of coal and many Chinese cities suffer severe smog events.

text: China’s exceedingly high energy demand has pushed the demand for relatively cheap coal-fired power. Each week, another 2GW of coal-fired power is put online in China.  Coal supplies about 80% of China's energy needs today, and that ratio is expected to continue, even as overall power usage grows rapidly. Serious air quality deterioration has resulted from the massive use of coal and many Chinese cities suffer severe smog events.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog events

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: coal use

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: many Chinese cities suffer severe smog events.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog events.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal-fired power.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2GW

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: coal-fired power.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Serious air quality deterioration

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: coal-fired power.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: coal-fired power.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: many Chinese cities suffer severe smog events.

text: Peroxyacyl nitrates (also known as Acyl peroxy nitrates, APN or PANs) are powerful respiratory and eye irritants present in photochemical smog. They are nitrates produced in the thermal equilibrium between organic peroxy radicals by the gas-phase oxidation of a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), or by aldehydes and other oxygenated VOCs oxidizing in the presence of NO.

text: Peroxyacyl nitrates (also known as Acyl peroxy nitrates, APN or PANs) are powerful respiratory and eye irritants present in

text: photochemical smog

text: . They are

text: nitrates

text: produced in the

text: thermal equilibrium

text: between organic

text: peroxy

text: radical

text: s by the

text: gas-phase

text: oxidation

text: of a variety of

text: volatile organic compound

text: s (

text: VOC

text: s), or by aldehydes and other oxygenated VOCs oxidizing in the presence of NO.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrates

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrates

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Peroxyacyl nitrates

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NO.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Peroxyacyl nitrates

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Peroxyacyl nitrates

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Peroxyacyl nitrates

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Peroxyacyl nitrates

text: During winter months, Thermal inversion (a meteorological phenomenon whereby a stable layer of warm air holds down colder air close to the ground) causes high levels of smog and air pollution to be trapped and concentrated within the Central Valley.

text: During winter months,

text: Thermal inversion

text: (a meteorological phenomenon whereby a stable layer of warm air holds down colder air close to the ground) causes high levels of

text: smog

text: and

text: air pollution

text: to be trapped and concentrated within the Central Valley.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: winter months

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Thermal inversion

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: thermal inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: During winter months, Thermal inversion

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: winter months, Thermal inversion

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Thermal inversion

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: smog and air pollution to be trapped and concentrated within the Central Valley.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Central Valley.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog and air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Thermal inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Thermal inversion

text: The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) of India has been in a great effort in Environmental Impact Assessment in India. The main laws in action are the Water Act(1974), the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act (1972), the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1981) and the Environment (Protection) Act (1986),Biological Diversity Act(2002). The responsible body for this is the Central Pollution Control Board.Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies need a significant amount of primary and secondary environmental data. Primary data are those collected in the field to define the status of the environment (like air quality data, water quality data etc.). Secondary data are those collected over the years that can be used to understand the existing environmental scenario of the study area. The environmental impact assessment (EIA) studies are conducted over a short period of time and therefore the understanding of the environmental trends, based on a few months of primary data, has limitations. Ideally, the primary data must be considered along with the secondary data for complete understanding of the existing environmental status of the area. In many EIA studies, the secondary data needs could be as high as 80% of the total data requirement. EIC is the repository of one stop secondary data source for environmental impact assessment in India.

text: The

entity_name: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

text: Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change

text: (MoEFCC) of India has been in a great effort in Environmental Impact Assessment in India. The main laws in action are the Water Act(1974), the Indian

text: Wildlife (Protection) Act (1972)

text: , the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1981) and the Environment (Protection) Act (1986),Biological Diversity Act(2002). The responsible body for this is the Central Pollution Control Board.Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies need a significant amount of primary and secondary environmental data. Primary data are those collected in the field to define the status of the environment (like air quality data, water quality data etc.). Secondary data are those collected over the years that can be used to understand the existing environmental scenario of the study area. The environmental impact assessment (EIA) studies are conducted over a short period of time and therefore the understanding of the environmental trends, based on a few months of primary data, has limitations. Ideally, the primary data must be considered along with the secondary data for complete understanding of the existing environmental status of the area. In many EIA studies, the secondary data needs could be as high as 80% of the total data requirement. EIC is the repository of one stop secondary data source for environmental impact assessment in India.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1981

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The main laws in action are the following:

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental impact assessment

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air (prevention and control of pollution)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversions trap pollutants

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1981)

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1981)

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: (Prevention and Control of Pollution)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1981)

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act (1981)

text: He is credited with the development of order statistic filters, the image modulation model, theories of foveated image processing, and in particular advanced, widely disseminated image quality and video quality measurement tools that are used throughout the television and cinematic industries. His contributions include the invention or co-invention of the Emmy Award-winning Structural Similarity (SSIM) video quality measurement tool, the MOVIE Index and the Visual Information Fidelity (VIF) algorithms, all reference models that predict human perception of image quality or distortion; the RRED indices, which are a family of reduced reference image and video quality prediction models, and BRISQUE, BLIINDS, DIIVINE and NIQE, which are a new breed of image and video quality prediction model that produce accurate predictions of human judgments of picture quality without the benefit of any reference information.

text: He is credited with the development of order statistic filters, the image modulation model, theories of foveated image processing, and in particular advanced, widely disseminated

text: image quality

text: and

text: video quality

text: measurement tools that are used throughout the television and cinematic industries. His contributions include the invention or co-invention of the Emmy Award-winning

text: Structural Similarity

text: SSIM

text: ) video quality measurement tool, the

text: MOVIE Index

text: and the Visual Information Fidelity (VIF) algorithms, all reference models that predict human perception of

text: image quality

text: or distortion; the RRED indices, which are a family of reduced reference image and video quality prediction models, and BRISQUE, BLIINDS, DIIVINE and NIQE, which are a new breed of image and video quality prediction model that produce accurate predictions of human judgments of picture quality without the benefit of any reference information.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: human perception of image quality or distortion; the RRED indices,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: advanced, widely disseminated image quality and video quality measurement tools

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: order statistic filters,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: He is credited with the development of order statistic filters,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Visual Information Fidelity

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: He is credited with the development of order statistic filters,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: development of order statistic filters, the image modulation model,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: BLIINDS, DIIVINE and NIQE,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Emmy Award-winning Structural Similarity

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: order statistic filters, the image modulation model,

text: Water quality data is collected by a Multipartite Monitoring Team (MMT) at 14 locations on streams and rivers in and around the project area.  Sampling for 2009 reported in the 2010 environmental protection program document indicates the water quality was within required ranges.TVIRD also carries out noise measurement, and air quality sampling both from stack emissions and for ambient air quality.

text: Water quality data is collected by a Multipartite Monitoring Team (MMT) at 14 locations on streams and rivers in and around the project area.  Sampling for 2009 reported in the 2010 environmental protection program document indicates the water quality was within required ranges.TVIRD also carries out noise measurement, and air quality sampling both from stack emissions and for ambient air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2009

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: TVIRD

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: stack emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2009

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: stack emissions and for ambient air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: stack emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 14

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air quality sampling both from stack emissions and for ambient air quality.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: stack emissions and for ambient air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: stack emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: stack emissions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality sampling both from stack emissions and for ambient air quality.

text: Thus, the three NowCast concentrations correspond to air quality indices of 101, (AQI Color Code Orange, Air Quality: Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups), 63 (AQI Color Code Yellow, Air Quality: Moderate ), and 37 (AQI Color Code Green, Air Quality: Good) respectively.  After the day is over and all of the hourly data is available, the AQI for the day is calculated from the 24-hr average; 71/24 µg/m= 3.0 µg/m, an AQI of 12 (Color Code Green, Air Quality: Good). EPA has developed a calculator to compute the PM NowCast, AQI, and AQI category and color from the most recent 12 hours of monitoring data.

text: Thus, the three NowCast concentrations correspond to air quality indices of 101, (AQI Color Code Orange, Air Quality: Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups), 63 (AQI Color Code Yellow, Air Quality: Moderate ), and 37 (AQI Color Code Green, Air Quality: Good) respectively.  After the day is over and all of the hourly data is available, the AQI for the day is calculated from the 24-hr average; 71/24 µg/m= 3.0 µg/m, an AQI of 12 (Color Code Green, Air Quality: Good). EPA has developed a calculator to compute the PM NowCast, AQI, and AQI category and color from the most recent 12 hours of monitoring data.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unhealthy for sensitive groups

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unhealthy for sensitive groups

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 37

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups),

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups),

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups),

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups),

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 63

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 63

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups),

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 63

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups),

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 63

text: The Índice Metropolitano de la Calidad del Aire or IMECA, in English meaning the Metropolitan Index of Air Quality, is the reference value system for the levels of air pollution in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area,  within the Valley of Mexico.

text: The Índice Metropolitano de la Calidad del Aire or IMECA, in English meaning the Metropolitan Index of Air Quality, is the reference value system for the levels of

text: air pollution in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

text: ,  within the

text: Valley of Mexico

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Metropolitan Index of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: <unk>ndice Metropolitano de la Calidad del Aire

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Valley of Mexico.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Metropolitan Index of Air Quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: <unk>ndice Metropolitano de la Calidad del Aire

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: <unk>ndice Metropolitano de la Calidad del Aire

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: <unk>ndice Metropolitano de la Calidad del Aire

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: <unk>ndice Metropolitano de la Calidad del Aire

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: <unk>ndice Metropolitano de la Calidad del Aire

text: Prior to the 1970s the protection of basic air and water supplies was a matter mainly left to each state. During the 1970s, primary responsibility for clean air and water shifted to the federal government. Growing concerns, both environmental and economic, from cites and towns as well as sportsman and other local groups, and senators such as Maine's Edmund S. Muskie, led to passage of extensive legislation, notably the Clean Air Act of 1970 and the Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972. Other legislation included National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), signed into law in 1970, which established a United States Environmental Protection Agency and a Council on Environmental Quality; the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972; the Endangered Species Act of 1973, the Safe Drinking Water Act (1974), the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (1976), the Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1977, which became known as the Clean Water Act, and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, commonly known as the Superfund Act (1980). These laws regulated public drinking water systems, toxic substances, pesticides, and ocean dumping; and protected wildlife, wilderness, and wild and scenic rivers. Moreover, the new laws provide for pollution research, standard setting, contaminated site cleanup, monitoring, and enforcement.

text: Prior to the 1970s the protection of basic air and water supplies was a matter mainly left to each state. During the 1970s, primary responsibility for clean air and water shifted to the federal government. Growing concerns, both environmental and economic, from cites and towns as well as sportsman and other local groups, and senators such as Maine's

text: Edmund S. Muskie

text: , led to passage of extensive legislation, notably the

text: Clean Air Act

text: of 1970 and the

text: Water Pollution Control Act

text: Amendments of 1972. Other legislation included

text: National Environmental Policy Act

text: (NEPA), signed into law in 1970, which established a

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: and a

text: Council on Environmental Quality

text: ; the

entity_name: Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972

text: Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972

text: ; the

text: Endangered Species Act

text: of 1973, the

text: Safe Drinking Water Act

text: (1974), the

text: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

text: (1976), the Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1977, which became known as the

text: Clean Water Act

text: , and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, commonly known as the

text: Superfund Act

text: (1980). These laws regulated public drinking water systems, toxic substances, pesticides, and ocean dumping; and protected wildlife, wilderness, and wild and scenic rivers. Moreover, the new laws provide for pollution research, standard setting, contaminated site cleanup, monitoring, and enforcement.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Toxic substances, pesticides

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pesticides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Growing concerns

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: toxic substances, pesticides, and ocean dumping

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Superfund Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: toxic substances, pesticides,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: toxic substances,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pesticides,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: toxic substances, pesticides, and ocean dumping;

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Prior to the 1970s

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Growing concerns,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: toxic substances, pesticides, and ocean dumping;

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: toxic substances, pesticides, and ocean dumping;

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act of 1970

text: In certain weather conditions during the summer, prevailing westerly winds blow air pollution from vehicles and from ships in Vancouver harbour east up the triangular delta, trapping it between the Coast Mountains on the north and the Cascades on the southeast. Air quality suffers. This usually occurs during a temperature inversion, and lasts for a few days. Ground-level ozone tends to be from local sources in the valley and varies with prevailing winds. With prevailing winds from the northeast during the late fall and winter, air quality is seldom a problem.

text: In certain weather conditions during the summer, prevailing westerly winds blow air pollution from vehicles and from ships in Vancouver harbour east up the triangular delta, trapping it between the Coast Mountains on the north and the Cascades on the southeast. Air quality suffers. This usually occurs during a

text: temperature inversion

text: , and lasts for a few days. Ground-level ozone tends to be from local sources in the valley and varies with prevailing winds. With prevailing winds from the northeast during the late fall and winter, air quality is seldom a problem.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: from vehicles and from ships

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: vehicles and from ships

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: prevailing winds

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: vehicles

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: summer,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air quality suffers.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: prevailing westerly winds

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: between the Coast Mountains on the north and the Cascades

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: prevailing westerly winds blow air pollution

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air quality suffers.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: prevailing westerly winds

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: temperature inversion,

text: Air Quality Wing

text: Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Which of the following is not a source of air pollutants?

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality wing

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 450

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality concerns

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: What is the purpose of the Air Quality Wing?

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Quality Wing

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Quality Wing

text: Soil, consisting of polyanionic clays and silicates, generally has a net anionic charge. Consequently, ammonium (NH) binds tightly to the soil but nitrate ions (NO) do not. Because nitrate is more mobile, it leaches into groundwater supplies through agricultural runoff. Wildlife such as amphibians, freshwater fish, and insects are sensitive to nitrate levels, and have been known to cause death and developmental anomalies in affected species. In addition, because they easily leach into groundwater, contributing to eutrophication, a process in which large algal blooms reduce oxygen levels in bodies of water and lead to death in oxygen-consuming creatures due to anoxia. Nitrification is also thought to contribute to the formation of photochemical smog, ground level ozone, acid rain, changes in species diversity, and other undesirable processes. In addition, nitrification inhibitors have also been shown to suppress the oxidation of methane (CH), a potent greenhouse gas, to CO. Both nitrapyrin and acetylene are shown to be especially strong suppressors of both processes, although the modes of action distinguishing them are unclear.

text: Soil, consisting of

text: polyanion

text: ic clays and

text: silicates

text: , generally has a net anionic charge. Consequently, ammonium (NH) binds tightly to the soil but nitrate ions (NO) do not. Because nitrate is more mobile, it

text: leaches

text: into groundwater supplies through

text: agricultural runoff

text: . Wildlife such as amphibians, freshwater fish, and insects are sensitive to nitrate levels, and have been known to cause death and developmental anomalies in affected species. In addition, because they easily leach into groundwater, contributing to

text: eutrophication

text: , a process in which large algal blooms reduce oxygen levels in bodies of water and lead to death in oxygen-consuming creatures due to anoxia. Nitrification is also thought to contribute to the formation of

text: photochemical

text: smog, ground level ozone,

text: acid rain

text: , changes in

text: species diversity

text: , and other undesirable processes. In addition, nitrification inhibitors have also been shown to suppress the oxidation of methane (CH), a potent

text: greenhouse gas

text: , to CO. Both

text: nitrapyrin

text: and

text: acetylene

text: are shown to be especially strong suppressors of both processes, although the modes of action distinguishing them are unclear.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrification

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: nitrification

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrate

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Nitrification

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: photochemical smog,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: agricultural runoff.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Nitrification

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: CO.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: photochemical smog,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Nitrification

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Nitrification

text: In September 2015, the Pembina Institute published a brief report about "a recent surge of odour and air quality concerns in northern Alberta associated with the expansion of oilsands development", contrasting the responses to these concerns in Peace River and Fort McKay. In Fort McKay, air quality is actively addressed by stakeholders represented in the WBEA, whereas the Peace River community must rely on the response of the Alberta Energy Regulator.  In an effort to identify the sources of the noxious odours in the Fort McKay community, a Fort McKay Air Quality Index was established, extending the provincial Air Quality Health Index to include possible contributors to the problem: , TRS, and THC. Despite these advantages, more progress was made in remediating the odour problems in the Peace River community, although only after some families had already abandoned their homes.  The odour concerns in Fort McKay were reported to remain unresolved.

text: In September 2015, the

text: Pembina Institute

text: published a brief report about "a recent surge of odour and air quality concerns in northern Alberta associated with the expansion of oilsands development", contrasting the responses to these concerns in

text: Peace River

text: and

text: Fort McKay

text: . In Fort McKay, air quality is actively addressed by stakeholders represented in the WBEA, whereas the Peace River community must rely on the response of the

text: Alberta Energy Regulator

text: .  In an effort to identify the sources of the noxious odours in the Fort McKay community, a Fort McKay Air Quality Index was established, extending the provincial Air Quality Health Index to include possible contributors to the problem: , TRS, and THC. Despite these advantages, more progress was made in remediating the odour problems in the Peace River community, although only after some families had already abandoned their homes.  The odour concerns in Fort McKay were reported to remain unresolved.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: September 2015

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: odour

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: oilsands development

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: THC

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: oilsands development

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: TRS, and THC.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: expansion of oilsands development",

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: expansion of oilsands development",

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: expansion of oilsands development",

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: TRS, and THC.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: expansion of oilsands development",

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: TRS, and THC.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: expansion of oilsands development",

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: odour and air quality concerns in northern Alberta

text: In the 20th century atmospheric science moved on from studying the composition of air to a consideration of how the concentrations of trace gases in the atmosphere have changed over time and the chemical processes which create and destroy compounds in the air. Two particularly important examples of this were the explanation by Sydney Chapman and Gordon Dobson of how the ozone layer is created and maintained, and the explanation of photochemical smog by Arie Jan Haagen-Smit. Further studies on ozone issues led to the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry award shared between Paul Crutzen, Mario Molina and Frank Sherwood Rowland.

text: In the 20th century atmospheric science moved on from studying the composition of air to a consideration of how the concentrations of trace gases in the atmosphere have changed over time and the chemical processes which create and destroy compounds in the air. Two particularly important examples of this were the explanation by

text: Sydney Chapman

text: and

text: Gordon Dobson

text: of how the

text: ozone layer

text: is created and maintained, and the explanation of

text: photochemical smog

text: by

text: Arie Jan Haagen-Smit

text: . Further studies on ozone issues led to the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry award shared between

text: Paul Crutzen

text: Mario Molina

text: and

text: Frank Sherwood Rowland

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 20th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone layer

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: photochemical

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 20th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: gases

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: gases

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: trace gases

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: photochemical smog

text: Owing to geography, heavy reliance on automobiles, and agriculture, Porterville suffers from air pollution in the form of smog. The Porterville area and the rest of the San Joaquin Valley are susceptible to atmospheric inversion, which holds in the exhausts from road vehicles, airplanes, locomotives, agriculture, manufacturing, and other sources.  Unlike other cities that rely on rain to clear smog, Porterville gets only  of rain each year: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days. Issues of air quality in Porterville and other major cities led to the passage of early national environmental legislation, including the Clean Air Act.  More recently, the state of California has led the nation in working to limit pollution by mandating low emission vehicles. Smog levels are only high during summers because it is dry and warm. In the winter, storms help to clear the smog and it is not as much of a problem. Smog should continue to drop in the coming years due to aggressive steps to reduce it, electric and hybrid cars, and other pollution-reducing measures taken.

text: Owing to geography, heavy reliance on

text: automobile

text: s, and

text: agriculture

text: , Porterville suffers from

text: air pollution

text: in the form of

text: smog

text: . The

text: Porterville area

text: and the rest of the

text: San Joaquin Valley

text: are susceptible to

text: atmospheric inversion

text: , which holds in the exhausts from road vehicles, airplanes,

text: locomotive

text: s,

text: agriculture

text: , manufacturing, and other sources.  Unlike other cities that rely on rain to clear smog, Porterville gets only  of rain each year: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days. Issues of air quality in Porterville and other major cities led to the passage of early national environmental legislation, including the

text: Clean Air Act

text: .  More recently, the state of California has led the nation in working to limit pollution by mandating

text: low emission vehicle

text: s. Smog levels are only high during summers because it is dry and warm. In the winter, storms help to clear the smog and it is not as much of a problem. Smog should continue to drop in the coming years due to aggressive steps to reduce it, electric and hybrid cars, and other pollution-reducing measures taken.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: geography

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality in Porterville

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: geography, heavy reliance on automobiles, and agriculture,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: low emission vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Issues of air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: road vehicles, airplanes, locomotives,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: atmospheric inversion,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: storms help to clear the smog

text: With Modern Vampires of the City, Vampire Weekend attempted to depart from the African-influenced indie pop style of their previous records. Broadly experimental, the album's sound was the result of a variety of unconventional recording assets, including pitch shifting. Subjects explored on the record include characters with adult responsibilities, reflections on growing old, mortality, and religious faith. Vampire Weekend titled Modern Vampires of the City after a lyric in the 1990 Junior Reed song "One Blood" and chose a Neal Boenzi photograph of the 1966 New York City smog event as the album cover, citing their haunting qualities as the reason for using them.

text: With Modern Vampires of the City, Vampire Weekend attempted to depart from the

text: African

text: -influenced

text: indie pop

text: style of their previous records. Broadly experimental, the album's sound was the result of a variety of unconventional recording assets, including

text: pitch shifting

text: . Subjects explored on the record include characters with adult responsibilities, reflections on growing old, mortality, and religious faith. Vampire Weekend titled Modern Vampires of the City after a lyric in the 1990

text: Junior Reed

text: song "One Blood" and chose a Neal Boenzi photograph of the

text: 1966 New York City smog

text: event as the album cover, citing their haunting qualities as the reason for using them.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: New York City

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: New York City smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: New York City

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1966 New York City smog event

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 1966 New York City smog event

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: New York City

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1966 New York City smog event

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: New York City smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1966 New York City smog event

text: The Air Quality Health Index or "AQHI" is a federal program jointly coordinated by Health Canada and Environment Canada. However, the AQHI program would not be possible without the commitment and support of the provinces, municipalities and NGOs. From air quality monitoring to health risk communication and community engagement, local partners are responsible for the vast majority of work related to AQHI implementation. The AQHI provides a number from 1 to 10+ to indicate the level of health risk associated with local air quality. Occasionally, when the amount of air pollution is abnormally high, the number may exceed 10. The AQHI provides a local air quality current value as well as a local air quality maximums forecast for today, tonight and tomorrow and provides associated health advice.

text: The Air Quality Health Index or "AQHI" is a federal program jointly coordinated by

text: Health Canada

text: and

text: Environment Canada

text: . However, the AQHI program would not be possible without the commitment and support of the provinces, municipalities and NGOs. From air quality monitoring to health risk communication and community engagement, local partners are responsible for the vast majority of work related to AQHI implementation. The AQHI provides a number from 1 to 10+ to indicate the level of health risk associated with local air quality. Occasionally, when the amount of air pollution is abnormally high, the number may exceed 10. The AQHI provides a local air quality current value as well as a local air quality maximums forecast for today, tonight and tomorrow and provides associated health advice.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQHI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: abnormally high

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: abnormally high levels

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 10.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 10.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: abnormally high,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution is abnormally high, the number may exceed 10.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1 to 10+

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 10.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution is abnormally high,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 10.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution is abnormally high,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 10.

text: Specialty peripherals kept the Apple II in use in industry and education environments for many years after Apple Computer stopped supporting the Apple II. Well into the 1990s every clean-room (the super-clean facility where spacecraft are prepared for flight) at the Kennedy Space Center used an Apple II to monitor the environment and air quality. Most planetariums used Apple IIs to control their projectors and other equipment.

text: Specialty peripherals kept the Apple II in use in industry and education environments for many years after Apple Computer stopped supporting the Apple II. Well into the 1990s every clean-room (the super-clean facility where spacecraft are prepared for flight) at the Kennedy Space Center used an Apple II to monitor the environment and air quality. Most planetariums used Apple IIs to control their projectors and other equipment.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Apple II to monitor the environment and air quality.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: clean-room

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Apple Computer stopped supporting the Apple II.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Apple Computer stopped supporting the Apple II.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Apple Computer stopped supporting the Apple II.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Apple Computer stopped supporting the Apple II.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Apple Computer stopped supporting the Apple II.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Apple II.

text: Membership in the early days of the band was loose and fluid, but in 1992, Dan Murphy and Dave Pirner of Soul Asylum, Gary Louris and Marc Perlman of The Jayhawks, Kraig Johnson of Run Westy Run, and drummer Chris Mars (of The Replacements) released Golden Smog's first CD, a covers EP entitled On Golden Smog.  All of the band members were credited under pseudonyms for this release as a result of contractual obligations to other record companies.   Guest vocalist Bill Sullivan just didn't want his name on the project.

text: Membership in the early days of the band was loose and fluid, but in 1992, Dan Murphy and Dave Pirner of Soul Asylum, Gary Louris and Marc Perlman of The Jayhawks, Kraig Johnson of Run Westy Run, and drummer

text: Chris Mars

text: (of The Replacements) released Golden Smog's first CD, a covers

text: EP

text: entitled

text: On Golden Smog

text: .  All of the band members were credited under pseudonyms for this release as a result of contractual obligations to other record companies.   Guest vocalist Bill Sullivan just didn't want his name on the project.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Golden Smog's

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1992,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Golden Smog's

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: contractual obligations to other record companies.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Golden Smog.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Golden Smog's

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Golden Smog's

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Run Westy Run,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Jayhawks,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Golden Smog's

text: Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls serves industrial and consumer customers. Products include air quality, commercial combustion, commercial components, industrial components, home thermostats (including smart and wi-fi thermostats), residential combustion, whole house air quality, whole house water treatment and control, HVAC zoning, and hydronic heating.

text: Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls serves industrial and consumer customers. Products include air quality, commercial combustion, commercial components, industrial components, home thermostats (including smart and wi-fi thermostats), residential combustion, whole house air quality, whole house water treatment and control, HVAC zoning, and hydronic heating.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls products include

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial components

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality, commercial combustion,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: hydronic heating.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Honeywell Environmental and Combustion Controls

text: West Virginia et al. v. EPA.  On July 31, 2014, Morrisey and attorneys general from other states filed a lawsuit West Virginia et al. v. EPA in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit challenging a court ordered settlement over three years earlier on March 2, 2011 between the EPA and 11 states - New York, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, Massachusetts, and the District of Columbia.  In this settlement, EPA promised to issue its now-pending rule establishing standards of performance for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from Electric Utility Steam Generating Units (EGUs).  A settlement was reached based on guidance from the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency in 2007 where the Supreme Court held that carbon dioxide is an air pollutant subject to regulation under the Clean Air Act.  The attorneys general's lawsuit is over three years late.  The EPA published the proposed settlement in December 2010, and Section 113(g) of the Clean Air Act allows a 30-day period to challenge any requirements of the Clean Air Act.

text: West Virginia et al. v. EPA.  On July 31, 2014, Morrisey and attorneys general from other states filed a lawsuit West Virginia et al. v. EPA in the

text: United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

text: challenging a court ordered settlement over three years earlier on March 2, 2011 between the EPA and 11 states - New York, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, Massachusetts, and the District of Columbia.  In this settlement, EPA promised to issue its now-pending rule establishing standards of performance for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from Electric Utility Steam Generating Units (EGUs).  A settlement was reached based on guidance from the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in

entity_name: Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency

text: Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency

text: in 2007 where the Supreme Court held that carbon dioxide is an air pollutant subject to regulation under the Clean Air Act.  The attorneys general's lawsuit is over three years late.  The EPA published the proposed settlement in December 2010, and Section 113(g) of the Clean Air Act allows a 30-day period to challenge any requirements of the Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2014,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Electric Utility Steam Generating Units

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 11

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: California,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Vermont, Washington, Massachusetts, and the District of Columbia.

text: The Terror Wheel is the second EP by American hip hop group Insane Clown Posse, released on August 5, 1994 by Psychopathic Records. It is the second "sideshow" entry in the group's Dark Carnival saga. The EP contains six studio tracks. "The Dead Body Man" which was subsequently re-released in 1995 on Insane Clown Posse's third studio album Riddle Box, in a slightly higher key. "The Dead Body Man" received significant local radio play in Detroit following the release of The Terror Wheel. The song "The Smog" was originally known as "The Swarm", and was about a deadly swarm of insects. "The Smog" was also intended to be released on Riddle Box. The final track on the album contains a number you could call to find out the name of the next Joker's Card, Riddle Box. It is the group's 4th overall release.

text: The Terror Wheel is the second

text: EP

text: by

text: American

text: hip hop

text: group

text: Insane Clown Posse

text: , released on August 5, 1994 by

text: Psychopathic Records

text: . It is the second "sideshow" entry in the group's Dark Carnival saga. The EP contains six studio tracks. "The Dead Body Man" which was subsequently re-released in 1995 on Insane Clown Posse's third studio album

text: Riddle Box

text: , in a slightly higher key. "The Dead Body Man" received significant local radio play in Detroit following the release of The Terror Wheel. The song "The Smog" was originally known as "The Swarm", and was about a deadly swarm of insects. "The Smog" was also intended to be released on

text: Riddle Box

text: . The final track on the album contains a number you could call to find out the name of the next

text: Joker's Card

text: Riddle Box

text: . It is the group's 4th overall release.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: insects.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1994

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: insects.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: insects.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: insects.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "The Smog"

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "The Smog"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: insects.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: insects.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "The Smog"

text: Smog, carbon dioxide, and other greenhouse gases such as methane are vital contributors to global warming and the cause of various health issues. To understand the environmental issue of air pollution within the Central Valley but specifically Fresno, it is best to understand where Fresno is geographically located. Fresno is a region surrounded by mountain ranges and acts as a pool of emissions, trapped in the Central Valley by warm air that comes from its roughly 3.5 million residents. Because of this, Fresno’s air quality is considered to be the worst in the region of the Central Valley and among the worst in the U.S.

text: Smog

text: carbon dioxide

text: , and other

text: greenhouse gas

text: es such as

text: methane

text: are vital contributors to

text: global warming

text: and the cause of various health issues. To understand the environmental issue of air pollution within the

text: Central Valley

text: but specifically

text: Fresno

text: , it is best to understand where Fresno is geographically located. Fresno is a region surrounded by mountain ranges and acts as a pool of emissions, trapped in the Central Valley by warm air that comes from its roughly 3.5 million residents. Because of this, Fresno’s air quality is considered to be the worst in the region of the Central Valley and among the worst in the U.S.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Fresno

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental issue of air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: methane

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Central Valley

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: warm air

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 3.5 million

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: among the worst in the U.S.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog, carbon dioxide, and other greenhouse gases such as methane

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: warm air that comes from its roughly 3.5 million residents.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Fresno is a region surrounded by mountain ranges

text: Control of air flow is important to ensure indoor air quality, control energy consumption, avoid condensation (and thus help ensure durability), and to provide comfort. Control of air movement includes flow through the enclosure (the assembly of materials that perform this function is termed the air barrier system) or through components of the building envelope (interstitial) itself, as well as into and out of the interior space, (which can affect building insulation performance greatly). Hence, air control includes the control of windwashing (cold air passing through insulation) and convective loops which are air movements within a wall or ceiling that may result in 10% to 20% of the heat loss alone.

text: Control of air flow is important to ensure indoor air quality, control energy consumption, avoid condensation (and thus help ensure durability), and to provide comfort. Control of air movement includes flow through the enclosure (the assembly of materials that perform this function is termed the air barrier system) or through components of the building envelope (interstitial) itself, as well as into and out of the interior space, (which can affect

text: building insulation

text: performance greatly). Hence, air control includes the control of windwashing (cold air passing through insulation) and convective loops which are air movements within a wall or ceiling that may result in 10% to 20% of the heat loss alone.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial age

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the main cause of air pollution?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Control of air flow is important to ensure indoor air quality,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Control of air flow is important to ensure indoor air quality, control energy consumption,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Control of air flow is important to ensure indoor air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: windwashing

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10% to 20%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Control of air flow is important to ensure indoor air quality,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Control of air flow is important to ensure indoor air quality, control energy consumption,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Control of air flow is important to ensure indoor air quality, control energy consumption,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Control of air flow is important to ensure indoor air quality, control energy consumption,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: windwashing

text:
|-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|98 Wins (60 knockouts), 9 Losses (3 knockouts), 9 Draws|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Round
Time|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes|- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||98–9–9||align=left| Ron Lyle|PTS|10|1973–11–17|align=left| Frankfurt, Hesse|align=left||- align=center|Win||98–9–8||align=left| Johnny Griffin|KO|5 (10)|1973–10–26|align=left| Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia|align=left||- align=center|Win||97–9–8||align=left| Billy Aird|TKO|4 (10)|1973–09–21|align=left| Hamburg|align=left||- align=center|Loss||96–9–8||align=left| Ron Lyle|PTS|10|1973–05–12|align=left| Denver Coliseum,
Denver, Colorado|align=left||- align=center|Win||96–8–8||align=left| Ba Sounkalo|TKO|10 (10)|1973–04–06|align=left| Hamburg|align=left||- align=center|Win||95–8–8||align=left| Ronnie Wright|KO|6 (10)|1973–02–16|align=left| Sporthalle,
Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia|align=left||- align=center|Win||94–8–8||align=left| Horst Benedens|KO|3 (10)|1972–12–08|align=left| Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia|align=left||- align=center|Win||93–8–8||align=left| Arno Prick|KO|3 (10)|1972–11–24|align=left| Hamburg|align=left||- align=center|Win||92–8–8||align=left| Conny Venselek|TKO|4 (10)|1972–10–13|align=left| Hamburg|align=left||- align=center|Win||91–8–8||align=left| Bill Drover|TKO|6 (10)|1972–09–15|align=left| Barcelona, Catalonia|align=left||- align=center|Loss||90–8–8||align=left| Ray Anderson|PTS|10|1972–06–09|align=left| Madrid, Community of Madrid|align=left||- align=center|Win||90–7–8||align=left| Willie Johnson|KO|2 (10)|1972–03–18|align=left| Valencia, Valencian Community|align=left||- align=center|Win||89–7–8||align=left| Leroy Caldwell|KO|4 (10)|1972–03–03|align=left| Madrid, Community of Madrid|align=left||- align=center|Win||88–7–8||align=left| Vernon McIntosh|TKO|8 (10)|1972–02–02|align=left| Bilbao, Basque Country|align=left||- align=center|Win||87–7–8||align=left| Rocky Campbell|TKO|3 (10)|1971–12–07|align=left| Madrid, Community of Madrid|align=left||- align=center|Win||86–7–8||align=left| Gerhard Zech|KO|8 (10)|1971–12–03|align=left| Frankfurt, Hesse|align=left||- align=center|Win||85–7–8||align=left| José Manuel Urtain|TKO|8 (10)
2:15|1971–10–08|align=left| Palacio de Deportes,
Madrid, Community of Madrid|align=left||- align=center|Win||84–7–8||align=left| Danny Machado|KO|1 (10)|1971–09–10|align=left| Plaza de Toros de Bilbao,
Bilbao, Basque Country|align=left||- align=center|Win||83–7–8||align=left| Jesse Billy Crown|KO|1 (10)
0:30|1971–07–16|align=left| Campo del Gas,
Madrid, Community of Madrid|align=left||- align=center|Loss||82–7–8||align=left| George Foreman|TKO|10 (15)|1971–05–10|align=left| Oakland Coliseum Arena,
Oakland, California|align=left|For vacant NABF Heavyweight title.|- align=center|Win||82–6–8||align=left| Humberto Ghiotti|KO|2 (10)|1971–03–06|align=left| Coronel Pringles, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||81–6–8||align=left| Alfredo Vogrig|TKO|5 (10)|1970–12–18|align=left| Palacio de Deportes,
Madrid, Community of Madrid|align=left||- align=center|Win||80–6–8||align=left| Roger Tighe|TKO|8 (10)|1970–09–01|align=left| Bilbao, Basque Country|align=left||- align=center|Win||79–6–8||align=left| Herbert Wick|KO|3 (10)|1970–06–22|align=left| Barcelona, Catalonia|align=left||- align=center|Win||78–6–8||align=left| Piero del Papa|RTD|5 (10)|1970–06–06|align=left| Montevideo, Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Loss||77–6–8||align=left| George Foreman|UD|10|1970–02–16|align=left| Madison Square Garden,
New York City|align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||77–5–8||align=left| Oscar Bonavena|PTS|10|1969–08–08|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,
Montevideo, Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||77–5–7||align=left| José Menno|PTS|10|1969–01–15|align=left| Estadio Bristol,
Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||76–5–7||align=left| José Menno|PTS|10|1968–12–27|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||75–5–7||align=left| Marcelo Garnica|KO|3 (10)|1968–12–07|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||74–5–7||align=left| René Sosa|KO|4 (10)|1968–11–15|align=left| Estadio Norte,
Rosario, Santa Fe|align=left||- align=center|Win||73–5–7||align=left| Francisco Ramos|TKO|5 (10)|1968–11–10|align=left| Club Córdoba,
Corrientes, Corrientes|align=left||- align=center|Win||72–5–7||align=left| Hugo Daniele|TKO|7 (10)|1968–10–19|align=left| Club Pacífico,
Neuquén, Neuquén|align=left||- align=center|Win||71–5–7||align=left| Roberto Veliz|KO|2 (10)|1968–10–04|align=left| Trelew, Chubut|align=left||- align=center|Win||70–5–7||align=left| Dick Hall|PTS|10|1968–09–14|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||69–5–7||align=left| Ramón Rocha|PTS|10|1968–08–23|align=left| Rosario, Santa Fe|align=left||- align=center|Win||68–5–7||align=left| Miguel Angel Paez|PTS|10|1968–08–10|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||67–5–7||align=left| Kurt Luedecke|TKO|4 (10)|1968–07–05|align=left| San Rafael, Mendoza|align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||66–5–7||align=left| Vittorio Saraudi|PTS|10|1968–05–05|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||66–5–6||align=left| Felipe Marich|DQ|9 (10)|1968–04–20|align=left| San Juan, San Juan|align=left||- align=center|Win||65–5–6||align=left| Felipe Marich|DQ|9 (10)|1968–04–05|align=left| La Rioja, La Rioja|align=left||- align=center|Win||64–5–6||align=left| Ron Marsh|DQ|9 (10)|1968–03–11|align=left| San Juan, San Juan|align=left||- align=center|Win||63–5–6||align=left| Carlos Paez|TKO|3 (10)|1968–03–08|align=left| Río Cuarto, Córdoba|align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||62–5–6||align=left| Chuck Leslie|PTS|10|1967–12–20|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||62–5–5||align=left| Felipe Marich|TKO|4 (10)|1967–11–24|align=left| Córdoba, Córdoba|align=left||- align=center|Win||61–5–5||align=left| Chuck Leslie|PTS|10|1967–11–12|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||60–5–5||align=left| Justo Benitez|TKO|5 (10)|1967–10–21|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||59–5–5||align=left| José Menno|UD|10|1967–10–07|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||58–5–5||align=left| René Sosa|TKO|6 (10)|1967–09–15|align=left| Trelew, Chubut|align=left||- align=center|Win||57–5–5||align=left| Angel Ludueña|KO|4 (10)|1967–08–18|align=left| Cipolletti, Río Negro|align=left||- align=center|Win||56–5–5||align=left| Hugo Daniele|TKO|6 (10)|1967–08–04|align=left| Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||55–5–5||align=left| Andrés Selpa|UD|10|1967–07–15|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||54–5–5||align=left| Hugo Daniele|PTS|10|1967–07–01|align=left| Estadio Parque de Mayo,
San Juan, San Juan|align=left||- align=center|Win||53–5–5||align=left| Carlos Vazquez|KO|3 (10)|1967–06–09|align=left| Boxing Club,
Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz|align=left||- align=center|Win||52–5–5||align=left| Alberto Hergerseimer|KO|3 (10)|1967–05–28|align=left| Saavedra, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||51–5–5||align=left| Hugo Daniele|PTS|10|1967–05–19|align=left| Córdoba, Córdoba|align=left||- align=center|Win||50–5–5||align=left| Carlos Paez|KO|3 (10)|1967–05–05|align=left| Salón de los Deportes,
Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||49–5–5||align=left| René Sosa|KO|5 (10)|1966–11–05|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss||48–5–5||align=left| Oscar Bonavena|UD|12|1965–09–04|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left|Lost Argentine Heavyweight title.|- align=center|Win||48–4–5||align=left| René Sosa|KO|3 (10)|1965–08–06|align=left| Córdoba, Córdoba|align=left||- align=center|Win||47–4–5||align=left| Miguel Angel Paez|PTS|10|1965–07–10|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||46–4–5||align=left| René Sosa|KO|3 (10)|1965–06–01|align=left| Córdoba, Córdoba|align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||45–4–5||align=left| Miguel Angel Paez|PTS|10|1965–05–24|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||45–4–4||align=left| Lino Armenteros|TKO|6 (10)|1965–05–08|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||44–4–4||align=left| Aníbal Córdoba|PTS|10|1965–03–27|align=left| Tapalqué, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||43–4–4||align=left| Mauro Mina|UD|10|1964–09–20|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||42–4–4||align=left| Pablo Sagrispanti|TKO|5 (10)|1964–09–05|align=left| Rivadavia, Mendoza|align=left||- align=center|Win||41–4–4||align=left| Juan Morales|TKO|3 (10)|1964–08–22|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,
Montevideo, Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||40–4–4||align=left| Roberto Davila|PTS|15|1964–07–18|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left|Won South American Heavyweight titles.|- align=center|Loss||39–4–4||align=left| Willie Pastrano|TKO|5 (15)
3:00|1964–04–10|align=left| Municipal Auditorium,
New Orleans, Louisiana|align=left|For WBA and WBC
Light heavyweight titles.|- align=center|Win||39–3–4||align=left| Wayne Thornton|UD|10|1964–01–24|align=left| Madison Square Garden,
New York City|align=left||- align=center|Win||38–3–4||align=left| Telmo Gonzalez|KO|2 (10)|1963–12–21|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||37–3–4||align=left| Wayne Thornton|SD|10|1963–11–15|align=left| Madison Square Garden,
New York City|align=left||- align=center|Win||36–3–4||align=left| Willie Pastrano|UD|10|1963–09–20|align=left| Miami Beach Auditorium,
Miami Beach, Florida|align=left||- align=center|Win||35–3–4||align=left| Telmo Gonzalez|KO|1 (10)|1963–08–02|align=left| Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz|align=left||- align=center|Win||34–3–4||align=left| Justo Benitez|TKO|6 (10)|1963–07–05|align=left| Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz|align=left||- align=center|Win||33–3–4||align=left| Justo Benitez|PTS|10|1963–05–03|align=left| San Juan, Argentina|align=left||- align=center|Win||32–3–4||align=left| Guillermo Dutschmann|TKO|9 (10)|1963–04–13|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||31–3–4||align=left| Justo Benitez|PTS|10|1963–02–22|align=left| Estadio Julio Mocoroa,
San Juan, Argentina|align=left||- align=center|Win||30–3–4||align=left| Alfredo Yacanto|PTS|10|1963–02–01|align=left| San Juan, Argentina|align=left||- align=center|Win||29–3–4||align=left| Pablo Sagrispanti|PTS|10|1963–01–25|align=left| San Juan, Argentina|align=left||- align=center|Win||28–3–4||align=left| Jorge Tissera|KO|3 (10)|1962–12–21|align=left| San Juan, Argentina|align=left||- align=center|Win||27–3–4||align=left| Rodolfo Diaz|PTS|10|1962–12–02|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||26–3–4||align=left| Justo Benitez|PTS|10|1962–11–03|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||25–3–4||align=left| Justo Benitez|PTS|12|1962–09–19|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left|Retained Argentine Heavyweight title.|- align=center|Win||24–3–4||align=left| José Giorgetti|PTS|12|1962–08–04|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left|Won Argentine Heavyweight title.|- align=center|Win||23–3–4||align=left| Antonio Diaz|PTS|10|1962–06–16|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||22–3–4||align=left| Carlos Paiva|KO|5 (10)|1962–05–18|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires Province|align=left||- align=center|Win||21–3–4||align=left| José Giorgetti|UD|10|1962–04–14|align=left| Estadio Bristo,
Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||20–3–4||align=left| Andres Villalba|TKO|3 (10)|1962–03–02|align=left| Tapalqué, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||19–3–4||align=left| Aurelio Diaz|DQ|4 (10)|1961–12–15|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires Province|align=left||- align=center|Win||18–3–4||align=left| Pablo Sagrispanti|PTS|10|1961–11–24|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires Province|align=left||- align=center|Win||17–3–4||align=left| José Angel Mazur|PTS|10|1961–10–25|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||16–3–4||align=left| Antonio Diaz|PTS|10|1961–09–15|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires Province|align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||15–3–4||align=left| Antonio Diaz|PTS|10|1961–08–04|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires Province|align=left||- align=center|Win||15–3–3||align=left| Pablo Sagrispanti|PTS|10|1961–06–09|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires Province|align=left||- align=center|Win||14–3–3||align=left| Ricardo Gonzalez|TKO|6 (10)|1961–05–05|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires Province|align=left||- align=center|Win||13–3–3||align=left| Carloz Vazquez|PTS|10|1961–04–14|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires Province|align=left||- align=center|Win||12–3–3||align=left| Hector Wilson|TKO|4 (10)|1960–08–16|align=left| Azul, Buenos Aires Province|align=left||- align=center|Loss||11–3–3||align=left| Mauro Mina|KO|8 (10)|1960–06–19|align=left| Tribuna Norte,
Lima|align=left||- align=center|Win||11–2–3||align=left| Juan Carlos Comini|KO|7 (10)|1959–12–09|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,
Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||10–2–3||align=left| Jovito Arregui|PTS|10|1959–10–31|align=left| Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||9–2–3||align=left| Andrés Villalba|KO|2 (10)|1959–10–03|align=left| Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||8–2–3||align=left| Aurelio Diaz|TKO|2 (10)
3:00|1959–09–12|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,
Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||7–2–3||align=left| Luis Ignacio|KO|3 (10)|1959–08–23|align=left| Rio de Janeiro|align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||6–2–3||align=left| Aurelio Diaz|PTS|10|1959–07–24|align=left| Estádio do Ibirapuera,
Rio de Janeiro|align=left||- align=center|Loss||6–2–2||align=left| Justo Benitez|PTS|10|1959–06–03|align=left| Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||6–1–2||align=left| Aurelio Diaz|PTS|4|1959–05–03|align=left| Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Loss||6–1–1||align=left| Luis Ignacio|PTS|10|1959–03–31|align=left| São Paulo|align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||6–0–1||align=left| José Angel Mazur|PTS|10|1958–10–22|align=left| Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||6–0||align=left| José Angel Mazur|PTS|10|1958–09–06|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,
Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||5–0||align=left| Justo Benitez|TKO|5 (6)|1958–08–09|align=left| Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||4–0||align=left| Marcelo Farias|TKO|2 (6)|1958–08–02|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,
Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||3–0||align=left| Julio Buffi|KO|2 (6)|1958–05–09|align=left| Quilmes, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||2–0||align=left| Tomas Lenning|TKO|3 (6)|1958–04–19|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||1–0||align=left| Rene Pereyra|TKO|4 (6)|1958–04–05|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left|

text: |-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|98 Wins (60 knockouts), 9 Losses (3 knockouts), 9 Draws|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Round<br>Time|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes|- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||98–9–9||align=left|

text: Ron Lyle

text: Frankfurt

text: Hesse

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||98–9–8||align=left| Johnny Griffin|KO|5 (10)|1973–10–26|align=left|

text: Cologne

text: North Rhine-Westphalia

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||97–9–8||align=left| Billy Aird|TKO|4 (10)|1973–09–21|align=left|

text: Hamburg

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||96–9–8||align=left|

text: Ron Lyle

text: Denver Coliseum

text: ,<br>

text: Denver

text: Colorado

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||96–8–8||align=left| Ba Sounkalo|TKO|10 (10)|1973–04–06|align=left|

text: Hamburg

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||95–8–8||align=left| Ronnie Wright|KO|6 (10)|1973–02–16|align=left| Sporthalle,<br>

text: Cologne

text: North Rhine-Westphalia

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||94–8–8||align=left| Horst Benedens|KO|3 (10)|1972–12–08|align=left|

text: Cologne

text: North Rhine-Westphalia

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||93–8–8||align=left| Arno Prick|KO|3 (10)|1972–11–24|align=left|

text: Hamburg

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||92–8–8||align=left| Conny Venselek|TKO|4 (10)|1972–10–13|align=left|

text: Hamburg

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||91–8–8||align=left| Bill Drover|TKO|6 (10)|1972–09–15|align=left|

text: Barcelona

text: Catalonia

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||90–8–8||align=left|

text: Ray Anderson

text: Madrid

text: Community of Madrid

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||90–7–8||align=left| Willie Johnson|KO|2 (10)|1972–03–18|align=left|

text: Valencia

text: Valencian Community

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||89–7–8||align=left| Leroy Caldwell|KO|4 (10)|1972–03–03|align=left|

text: Madrid

text: Community of Madrid

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||88–7–8||align=left| Vernon McIntosh|TKO|8 (10)|1972–02–02|align=left|

text: Bilbao

text: Basque Country

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||87–7–8||align=left| Rocky Campbell|TKO|3 (10)|1971–12–07|align=left|

text: Madrid

text: Community of Madrid

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||86–7–8||align=left| Gerhard Zech|KO|8 (10)|1971–12–03|align=left|

text: Frankfurt

text: Hesse

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||85–7–8||align=left| José Manuel Urtain|TKO|8 (10)<br>2:15|1971–10–08|align=left|

entity_name: Palacio de Deportes de la Comunidad de Madrid

text: Palacio de Deportes

text: ,<br>

text: Madrid

text: Community of Madrid

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||84–7–8||align=left| Danny Machado|KO|1 (10)|1971–09–10|align=left|

text: Plaza de Toros de Bilbao

text: ,<br>

text: Bilbao

text: Basque Country

text:
|align=left||- align=center|Win||83–7–8||align=left| Jesse Billy Crown|KO|1 (10)
0:30|1971–07–16|align=left| Campo del Gas,

text: Madrid

text: Community of Madrid

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||82–7–8||align=left|

text: George Foreman

text: |TKO|10 (15)|1971–05–10|align=left|

text: Oakland Coliseum Arena

text: ,<br>

text: Oakland, California

text: |align=left|For vacant

text: NABF

text: Heavyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||82–6–8||align=left| Humberto Ghiotti|KO|2 (10)|1971–03–06|align=left|

text: Coronel Pringles

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||81–6–8||align=left| Alfredo Vogrig|TKO|5 (10)|1970–12–18|align=left|

text: Palacio de Deportes

text: ,<br>

text: Madrid

text: Community of Madrid

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||80–6–8||align=left| Roger Tighe|TKO|8 (10)|1970–09–01|align=left|

text: Bilbao

text: Basque Country

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||79–6–8||align=left| Herbert Wick|KO|3 (10)|1970–06–22|align=left|

text: Barcelona

text: Catalonia

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||78–6–8||align=left| Piero del Papa|RTD|5 (10)|1970–06–06|align=left|

text: Montevideo

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||77–6–8||align=left|

text: George Foreman

text: Madison Square Garden

text: ,<br>New York City|align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||77–5–8||align=left|

text: Oscar Bonavena

text: |PTS|10|1969–08–08|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,<br>

text: Montevideo

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||77–5–7||align=left| José Menno|PTS|10|1969–01–15|align=left| Estadio Bristol,<br>

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||76–5–7||align=left| José Menno|PTS|10|1968–12–27|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||75–5–7||align=left| Marcelo Garnica|KO|3 (10)|1968–12–07|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||74–5–7||align=left| René Sosa|KO|4 (10)|1968–11–15|align=left| Estadio Norte,<br>

text: Rosario

text: Santa Fe

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||73–5–7||align=left| Francisco Ramos|TKO|5 (10)|1968–11–10|align=left| Club Córdoba,<br>

text: Corrientes

text: Corrientes

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||72–5–7||align=left| Hugo Daniele|TKO|7 (10)|1968–10–19|align=left| Club Pacífico,<br>

text: Neuquén

text: Neuquén

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||71–5–7||align=left| Roberto Veliz|KO|2 (10)|1968–10–04|align=left|

text: Trelew

text: Chubut

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||70–5–7||align=left| Dick Hall|PTS|10|1968–09–14|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||69–5–7||align=left| Ramón Rocha|PTS|10|1968–08–23|align=left|

text: Rosario

text: Santa Fe

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||68–5–7||align=left| Miguel Angel Paez|PTS|10|1968–08–10|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||67–5–7||align=left| Kurt Luedecke|TKO|4 (10)|1968–07–05|align=left|

text: San Rafael

text: Mendoza

text: |align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||66–5–7||align=left| Vittorio Saraudi|PTS|10|1968–05–05|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||66–5–6||align=left| Felipe Marich|DQ|9 (10)|1968–04–20|align=left|

text: San Juan

text: San Juan

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||65–5–6||align=left| Felipe Marich|DQ|9 (10)|1968–04–05|align=left|

text: La Rioja

text: La Rioja

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||64–5–6||align=left| Ron Marsh|DQ|9 (10)|1968–03–11|align=left|

text: San Juan

text: San Juan

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||63–5–6||align=left| Carlos Paez|TKO|3 (10)|1968–03–08|align=left|

text: Río Cuarto

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||62–5–6||align=left| Chuck Leslie|PTS|10|1967–12–20|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||62–5–5||align=left| Felipe Marich|TKO|4 (10)|1967–11–24|align=left|

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||61–5–5||align=left| Chuck Leslie|PTS|10|1967–11–12|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||60–5–5||align=left| Justo Benitez|TKO|5 (10)|1967–10–21|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||59–5–5||align=left| José Menno|UD|10|1967–10–07|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||58–5–5||align=left| René Sosa|TKO|6 (10)|1967–09–15|align=left|

text: Trelew

text: Chubut

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||57–5–5||align=left| Angel Ludueña|KO|4 (10)|1967–08–18|align=left|

text: Cipolletti

text: Río Negro

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||56–5–5||align=left| Hugo Daniele|TKO|6 (10)|1967–08–04|align=left|

text: Bahía Blanca

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||55–5–5||align=left| Andrés Selpa|UD|10|1967–07–15|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||54–5–5||align=left| Hugo Daniele|PTS|10|1967–07–01|align=left| Estadio Parque de Mayo,<br>

text: San Juan

text: San Juan

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||53–5–5||align=left| Carlos Vazquez|KO|3 (10)|1967–06–09|align=left| Boxing Club,<br>

text: Río Gallegos

text: Santa Cruz

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||52–5–5||align=left| Alberto Hergerseimer|KO|3 (10)|1967–05–28|align=left|

text: Saavedra

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||51–5–5||align=left| Hugo Daniele|PTS|10|1967–05–19|align=left|

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||50–5–5||align=left| Carlos Paez|KO|3 (10)|1967–05–05|align=left| Salón de los Deportes,<br>

text: Bahía Blanca

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||49–5–5||align=left| René Sosa|KO|5 (10)|1966–11–05|align=left|

text: Azul

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||48–5–5||align=left|

text: Oscar Bonavena

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Lost Argentine

text: Heavyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||48–4–5||align=left| René Sosa|KO|3 (10)|1965–08–06|align=left|

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||47–4–5||align=left| Miguel Angel Paez|PTS|10|1965–07–10|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||46–4–5||align=left| René Sosa|KO|3 (10)|1965–06–01|align=left|

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||45–4–5||align=left| Miguel Angel Paez|PTS|10|1965–05–24|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||45–4–4||align=left| Lino Armenteros|TKO|6 (10)|1965–05–08|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||44–4–4||align=left| Aníbal Córdoba|PTS|10|1965–03–27|align=left|

text: Tapalqué

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||43–4–4||align=left|

text: Mauro Mina

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||42–4–4||align=left| Pablo Sagrispanti|TKO|5 (10)|1964–09–05|align=left|

text: Rivadavia

text: Mendoza

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||41–4–4||align=left| Juan Morales|TKO|3 (10)|1964–08–22|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,<br>

text: Montevideo

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||40–4–4||align=left| Roberto Davila|PTS|15|1964–07–18|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won South American

text: Heavyweight

text: titles.|- align=center|Loss||39–4–4||align=left|

text: Willie Pastrano

text: |TKO|5 (15)<br>3:00|1964–04–10|align=left|

text: Municipal Auditorium

text: ,<br>

text: New Orleans

text: Louisiana

text: |align=left|For

text: WBA

text: and

text: WBC

text: <br>

text: Light heavyweight

text: titles.|- align=center|Win||39–3–4||align=left| Wayne Thornton|UD|10|1964–01–24|align=left|

text: Madison Square Garden

text: ,<br>New York City|align=left||- align=center|Win||38–3–4||align=left| Telmo Gonzalez|KO|2 (10)|1963–12–21|align=left|

text: Azul

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||37–3–4||align=left| Wayne Thornton|SD|10|1963–11–15|align=left|

text: Madison Square Garden

text: ,<br>New York City|align=left||- align=center|Win||36–3–4||align=left|

text: Willie Pastrano

text: Miami Beach Auditorium

text: ,<br>

text: Miami Beach, Florida

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||35–3–4||align=left| Telmo Gonzalez|KO|1 (10)|1963–08–02|align=left|

text: Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||34–3–4||align=left| Justo Benitez|TKO|6 (10)|1963–07–05|align=left|

text: Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||33–3–4||align=left| Justo Benitez|PTS|10|1963–05–03|align=left|

text: San Juan, Argentina

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||32–3–4||align=left| Guillermo Dutschmann|TKO|9 (10)|1963–04–13|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||31–3–4||align=left| Justo Benitez|PTS|10|1963–02–22|align=left| Estadio Julio Mocoroa,<br>

text: San Juan, Argentina

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||30–3–4||align=left| Alfredo Yacanto|PTS|10|1963–02–01|align=left|

text: San Juan, Argentina

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||29–3–4||align=left| Pablo Sagrispanti|PTS|10|1963–01–25|align=left|

text: San Juan, Argentina

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||28–3–4||align=left| Jorge Tissera|KO|3 (10)|1962–12–21|align=left|

text: San Juan, Argentina

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||27–3–4||align=left| Rodolfo Diaz|PTS|10|1962–12–02|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||26–3–4||align=left| Justo Benitez|PTS|10|1962–11–03|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||25–3–4||align=left| Justo Benitez|PTS|12|1962–09–19|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Retained Argentine

text: Heavyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||24–3–4||align=left| José Giorgetti|PTS|12|1962–08–04|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won Argentine

text: Heavyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||23–3–4||align=left| Antonio Diaz|PTS|10|1962–06–16|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||22–3–4||align=left| Carlos Paiva|KO|5 (10)|1962–05–18|align=left|

text: Azul, Buenos Aires Province

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||21–3–4||align=left| José Giorgetti|UD|10|1962–04–14|align=left| Estadio Bristo,<br>

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||20–3–4||align=left| Andres Villalba|TKO|3 (10)|1962–03–02|align=left|

text: Tapalqué

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||19–3–4||align=left| Aurelio Diaz|DQ|4 (10)|1961–12–15|align=left|

text: Azul, Buenos Aires Province

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||18–3–4||align=left| Pablo Sagrispanti|PTS|10|1961–11–24|align=left|

text: Azul, Buenos Aires Province

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||17–3–4||align=left| José Angel Mazur|PTS|10|1961–10–25|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||16–3–4||align=left| Antonio Diaz|PTS|10|1961–09–15|align=left|

text: Azul, Buenos Aires Province

text: |align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||15–3–4||align=left| Antonio Diaz|PTS|10|1961–08–04|align=left|

text: Azul, Buenos Aires Province

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||15–3–3||align=left| Pablo Sagrispanti|PTS|10|1961–06–09|align=left|

text: Azul, Buenos Aires Province

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||14–3–3||align=left| Ricardo Gonzalez|TKO|6 (10)|1961–05–05|align=left|

text: Azul, Buenos Aires Province

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||13–3–3||align=left| Carloz Vazquez|PTS|10|1961–04–14|align=left|

text: Azul, Buenos Aires Province

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||12–3–3||align=left| Hector Wilson|TKO|4 (10)|1960–08–16|align=left|

text: Azul, Buenos Aires Province

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||11–3–3||align=left|

text: Mauro Mina

text: |KO|8 (10)|1960–06–19|align=left| Tribuna Norte,<br>

text: Lima

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||11–2–3||align=left| Juan Carlos Comini|KO|7 (10)|1959–12–09|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,<br>

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||10–2–3||align=left| Jovito Arregui|PTS|10|1959–10–31|align=left|

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||9–2–3||align=left| Andrés Villalba|KO|2 (10)|1959–10–03|align=left|

text: Montevideo

text:
|align=left||- align=center|Win||8–2–3||align=left| Aurelio Diaz|TKO|2 (10)
3:00|1959–09–12|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||7–2–3||align=left| Luis Ignacio|KO|3 (10)|1959–08–23|align=left|

text: Rio de Janeiro

text: |align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||6–2–3||align=left| Aurelio Diaz|PTS|10|1959–07–24|align=left|

text: Estádio do Ibirapuera

text: ,<br>

text: Rio de Janeiro

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||6–2–2||align=left| Justo Benitez|PTS|10|1959–06–03|align=left|

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||6–1–2||align=left| Aurelio Diaz|PTS|4|1959–05–03|align=left|

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||6–1–1||align=left| Luis Ignacio|PTS|10|1959–03–31|align=left|

text: São Paulo

text: |align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||6–0–1||align=left| José Angel Mazur|PTS|10|1958–10–22|align=left|

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||6–0||align=left| José Angel Mazur|PTS|10|1958–09–06|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,<br>

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||5–0||align=left| Justo Benitez|TKO|5 (6)|1958–08–09|align=left|

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||4–0||align=left| Marcelo Farias|TKO|2 (6)|1958–08–02|align=left| Palacio Peñarol,<br>

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||3–0||align=left| Julio Buffi|KO|2 (6)|1958–05–09|align=left|

text: Quilmes

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||2–0||align=left| Tomas Lenning|TKO|3 (6)|1958–04–19|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||1–0||align=left| Rene Pereyra|TKO|4 (6)|1958–04–05|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: As of 2013, the Clean Air Act regulates this many pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: |-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"| Most of the smoggiest cities in the United States were in California as of 2013

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: the following six important pollutants:

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog can build up on a winter day because inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||98–9–9||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Lyle|PTS|10|1973–11–17|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||98–9–9||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: align=center|Win||98–9–8||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: align=center|Loss||96–9–8||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: br>Denver, Colorado|align=left||-

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: align=center|Win||96–8–8||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: align=center|Win||98–9–8||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: align=center|Loss||96–9–8||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: align=center|Win||97–9–8||align=left|

text: Due to its location at the eastern end of the Fraser Valley, there has been some debate about preserving Chilliwack's air quality. However, the 2011 World Health Organization's study of air quality shows that Chilliwack enjoys air quality among the best in the world. For PM (10 µm) size particulates, Canada averaged third best in the world (along with Australia) at an average of 13 micrograms per cubic metre. The City of Chilliwack and the Greater Vancouver Regional District were tied at a low 8.0 MPCM. For smaller particulate of 2.5 µm size (PM), "the City of Chilliwack averaged 4.9 micrograms per cubic metre. Vancouver also had 4.9, Calgary had 5.6, Winnipeg had 5.6, Toronto had 7.9, Montreal had 11.2 and Sarnia had 12.7."

text: Due to its location at the eastern end of the Fraser Valley, there has been some debate about preserving Chilliwack's air quality. However, the 2011 World Health Organization's study of air quality shows that Chilliwack enjoys air quality among the best in the world. For PM (10

text: µm

text: ) size

text: particulates

text: , Canada averaged third best in the world (along with Australia) at an average of 13 micrograms per cubic metre. The City of Chilliwack and the Greater Vancouver Regional District were tied at a low 8.0 MPCM. For smaller particulate of 2.5 µm size (PM), "the City of Chilliwack averaged 4.9 micrograms per cubic metre. Vancouver also had 4.9, Calgary had 5.6, Winnipeg had 5.6, Toronto had 7.9, Montreal had 11.2 and Sarnia had 12.7."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulates

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: PM (10 <unk>m) size particulates,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Canada

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Canada averaged third best in the world

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Fraser Valley,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 13 micrograms per cubic metre.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 4.9, Calgary had 5.6,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: debate about preserving Chilliwack's air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 7.9, Montreal had 11.2 and Sarnia had 12.7."

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: location at the eastern end of the Fraser Valley,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 5.6,

text: The objective is to be achieved by: conducting workshops, developing decision trees to assist in selecting appropriate air pollution measurement test methods and developing source emission and ambient air quality test methods in cooperation with Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand.

text: The objective is to be achieved by: conducting workshops, developing decision trees to assist in selecting appropriate air pollution measurement test methods and developing source emission and ambient air quality test methods in cooperation with Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: measurement test methods

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The purpose of this paragraph is to inform readers about air pollution

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: source emission and ambient air quality test methods

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: source emission and ambient air quality test methods

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: source emission and ambient air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: source emission and ambient air quality test methods

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: source emission

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air pollution measurement test methods and developing source emission and ambient air quality test methods

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: source emission

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: source emission and ambient air quality test methods

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: source emission and ambient air quality test methods

text: Air quality forecasts depend on Atmospheric models to provide fluid flow information for tracking the movement of a pollutant. The Urban Airshed Model, a regional forecast model for the effects of air pollution and acid rain, was developed by a private company in the USA in 1970. Development of this model was taken over by the Environmental Protection Agency and improved in the mid to late 1970s using results from a regional air pollution study.  While developed in California, this model was later used in other areas of North America, Europe and Asia during the 1980s.

text: Air quality

text: forecasts depend on Atmospheric models to provide

text: fluid flow

text: information for tracking the movement of a pollutant. The Urban Airshed Model, a regional forecast model for the effects of

text: air pollution

text: and

text: acid rain

text: , was developed by a private company in the USA in 1970. Development of this model was taken over by the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: and improved in the mid to late 1970s using results from a regional air pollution study.  While developed in

text: California

text: , this model was later used in other areas of

text: North America

text: Europe

text: and

text: Asia

text: during the 1980s.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: urban airshed

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban airshed

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air quality forecasts depend on Atmospheric models

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutant.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: a pollutant.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution and acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Urban Airshed Model,

text: Because capital in such plants is typically amortized over 20–30 years, investments in most of them were fully recovered by 1995. Justifying large additional capital investments in plants which may have a remaining useful life of 10 years or less, absent reconstruction of boilers, is often difficult. Further, because large coal-fired generating units tend to reach peak operating and combustion efficiencies during the first three years of operation, declining incrementally thereafter throughout their lifetimes, these old plants were among the dirtiest sources of air pollution in the electric utility industry. They were able to operate for many years without substantially reducing emissions, when other plants were required to install "best available" air pollution control equipment pursuant to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977.

text: Because capital in such plants is typically amortized over 20–30 years, investments in most of them were fully recovered by 1995. Justifying large additional capital investments in plants which may have a remaining useful life of 10 years or less, absent reconstruction of boilers, is often difficult. Further, because large coal-fired generating units tend to reach peak operating and combustion efficiencies during the first three years of operation, declining incrementally thereafter throughout their lifetimes, these old plants were among the dirtiest sources of air pollution in the electric utility industry. They were able to operate for many years without substantially reducing emissions, when other plants were required to install "best available" air pollution control equipment pursuant to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the dirtiest sources

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal-fired

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: coal-fired generating units

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: dirtiest sources of air pollution in the electric utility industry.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: large coal-fired generating units

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: large coal-fired generating units

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: large coal-fired generating units

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: large coal-fired generating units

text: The 1955 Air Pollution Control Act was the first U.S federal legislation that pertained to air pollution; it also provided funds for federal government research of air pollution. The first federal legislation to actually pertain to "controlling" air pollution was the Clean Air Act of 1963. The 1963 act accomplished this by establishing a federal program within the U.S. Public Health Service and authorizing research into techniques for monitoring and controlling air pollution. In 1967, the Air Quality Act enabled the federal government to increase its activities to investigate enforcing interstate air pollution transport, and, for the first time, to perform far-reaching ambient monitoring studies and stationary source inspections. The 1967 act also authorized expanded studies of air pollutant emission inventories, ambient monitoring techniques, and control techniques.<ref name=CAA-history>

text: The 1955

text: Air Pollution Control Act

text: was the first U.S federal legislation that pertained to

text: air pollution

text: ; it also provided funds for federal government research of air pollution. The first federal legislation to actually pertain to "controlling" air pollution was the Clean Air Act of 1963. The 1963 act accomplished this by establishing a federal program within the U.S. Public Health Service and authorizing research into techniques for monitoring and controlling air pollution. In 1967, the Air Quality Act enabled the federal government to increase its activities to investigate enforcing interstate air pollution transport, and, for the first time, to perform far-reaching ambient monitoring studies and stationary source inspections. The 1967 act also authorized expanded studies of air pollutant emission inventories, ambient monitoring techniques, and control techniques.<ref name=CAA-history>

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Clean Air Act of 1963.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1963.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The 1955 Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air pollutant emission inventories,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act of 1963.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air Quality Act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1963.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution;

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act of 1963.

text: As cities struggle to comply with air quality standards, the ways that trees can help to clean the air should not be overlooked. The most serious pollutants in the urban atmosphere are ozone, nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfuric oxides (SOx) and particulate pollution. Ground-level ozone, or smog, is created by chemical reactions between NOx and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight. High temperatures increase the rate of this reaction. Vehicle emissions (especially diesel), and emissions from industrial facilities are the major sources of NOx.  Vehicle emissions, industrial emissions, gasoline vapors, chemical solvents, trees and other plants are the major sources of VOCs. Particulate pollution, or particulate matter (PM10 and PM25), is made up of microscopic solids or liquid droplets that can be inhaled and retained in lung tissue causing serious health problems. Most particulate pollution begins as smoke or diesel soot and can cause serious health risk to people with heart and lung diseases and irritation to healthy citizens. Trees are an important, cost-effective solution to reducing pollution and improving air quality.

text: As cities struggle to comply with air quality standards, the ways that trees can help to clean the air should not be overlooked. The most serious pollutants in the urban atmosphere are ozone, nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfuric oxides (SOx) and particulate pollution. Ground-level ozone, or smog, is created by chemical reactions between NOx and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight. High temperatures increase the rate of this reaction. Vehicle emissions (especially diesel), and emissions from industrial facilities are the major sources of NOx.  Vehicle emissions, industrial emissions, gasoline vapors, chemical solvents, trees and other plants are the major sources of VOCs. Particulate pollution, or particulate matter (PM10 and PM25), is made up of microscopic solids or liquid droplets that can be inhaled and retained in lung tissue causing serious health problems. Most particulate pollution begins as smoke or diesel soot and can cause serious health risk to people with heart and lung diseases and irritation to healthy citizens. Trees are an important, cost-effective solution to reducing pollution and improving air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What are the most serious pollutants in the urban atmosphere?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: NOx

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NOx, sulfuric oxides (SOx) and particulate pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high temperatures

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Vehicle emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: High temperatures

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The most serious pollutants in the urban atmosphere

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: High temperatures

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: (PM10 and PM25),

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Trees

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: cities struggle to comply with air quality standards,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone, nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: High temperatures

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: High temperatures

text: The six criteria air contaminants were the first set of pollutants recognized by the United States Environmental Protection Agency as needing standards on a national level. The Clean Air Act requires the EPA to set US National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for the six CACs. The NAAQS are health based and the EPA sets two types of standards: primary and secondary. The primary standards are designed to protect the health of 'sensitive' populations such as asthmatics, children, and the elderly.  The secondary standards are concerned with protecting the environment.  They are designed to address visibility, damage to crops, vegetation, buildings, and animals.

text: The six criteria air contaminants were the first set of pollutants recognized by the

text: United States

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: as needing standards on a national level. The Clean Air Act requires the EPA to set US

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: (NAAQS) for the six CACs. The NAAQS are health based and the EPA sets two types of standards: primary and secondary. The primary standards are designed to protect the health of 'sensitive' populations such as asthmatics, children, and the elderly.  The secondary standards are concerned with protecting the environment.  They are designed to address visibility, damage to crops, vegetation, buildings, and animals.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the sixth criteria air contaminants?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the six criteria air contaminants

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: CACs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The six criteria air contaminants

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air contaminants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The six criteria air contaminants

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The six criteria air contaminants

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: criteria air contaminants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: visibility, damage to crops, vegetation, buildings, and animals.

text: |-|align="center" colspan=8|130 Wins (90 knockouts, 40 decisions), 11 Losses (2 knockouts, 9 decisions) 3 Draws |-| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Result| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Record| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Opponent| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Type| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Round| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Date| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Location| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Notes|-align=center|Win|14–2|align=left| Jose Luis Herrera|TKO|2||align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Referee stopped the bout at 2:28 of the second round.|-|Loss|13–1|align=left| Jose Luis Herrera|TKO|4||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Referee stopped the bout at 0:37 of the fourth round.|-|Win|24–5|align=left| Derrick Harmon|TKO|7||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''WBA Fedelatin Light Heavyweight Title/World Heavyweight Title Eliminator'''. Referee stopped the bout at 2:35 of the seventh round.|-|Win|41–9–1|align=left| Peter Venancio|UD|10||align=left| Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left|'''WBA Fedelatin Light Heavyweight Title'''. 98.5–92, 97.5–92.5, 98–92.|-|Win|17–23–2|align=left| Miguel Aguirre|UD|12||align=left| Merlo, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''South American Cruiserweight Title'''. 119.5–110, 120–109, 117.5–112.|-|Win|13–12–4|align=left| Aaron Orlando Soria|RTD|7||align=left| Ituzaingó, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Soria could not answer the bell for round seven.|-|Win|20–4–1|align=left| Arturo Rivera|TKO|2||align=left| Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|16–21–2|align=left| Miguel Aguirre|DQ|5||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''South American Cruiserweight Title'''.|-|Win|12–2|align=left| Livin Castillo|KO|4||align=left| Corrientes, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|16–1–2|align=left| Sebastiaan Rothmann|UD|12||align=left| Brakpan, Gauteng, South Africa|align=left|'''IBO World Cruiserweight Title'''. 109–119, 112–116, 112–116.|-|Loss|19–1|align=left| Paul Briggs|UD|10||align=left| Carrara, Queensland, Australia|align=left|91–100, 91–99, 91–99.|-|Win|12–26–10|align=left| Miguel Angel Robledo|KO|9||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|27–7–2|align=left| Etianne Whitaker|UD|10||align=left| Cordoba, Argentina|align=left|100–89, 100–88, 100–86.5|-|Win|11–2–1|align=left| Sergio Martin Beaz|RTD|8||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Beaz retired at 0:01 of the eighth round.|-|Loss|30–0|align=left| Vassiliy Jirov|UD|12||align=left| Phoenix, Arizona, United States|align=left|'''IBF World Cruiserweight Title'''. 110–119, 110–119, 110–119.|-|Win|21–3–1|align=left| Imamu Mayfield|RTD|9||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''IBF World Cruiserweight Title Eliminator'''. Mayfield retired at 0:01 of the ninth round.|-|Win|39–5–1|align=left| Peter Venancio|KO|8||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Peter knocked out at 1:55 of the eighth round.|-|Win|38–4–1|align=left| Peter Venancio|UD|10||align=left| Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|29–5|align=left| Roberto Coelho|TKO|6||align=left| Necochea, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|31–0|align=left| Juan Carlos Gomez|TKO|10||align=left| Essen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany|align=left|'''WBC World Cruiserweight Title'''. Referee stopped the bout at 1:56 of the tenth round.|-|Win|43–6–1|align=left| Fabian Alberto Chancalay|KO|7||align=left| San Justo, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|19–9–1|align=left| Marco Antonio Duarte|TKO|4||align=left| San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|39–16–6|align=left| Bruno Ruben Godoy|RTD|5||align=left| Neuquen, Argentina|align=left|Godoy retired at 0:01 of the fifth round.|-|Win|14–3–6|align=left| Oscar Angel Gomez|KO|7||align=left| Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|51–9–3|align=left| Juan Carlos Gimenez Ferreyra|UD|10||align=left| Olavarria, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|97–95, 98–93, 100–91.|-|Win|18–6–1|align=left| Marco Antonio Duarte|UD|10||align=left| Ciudad Evita, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|97–95, 98–93, 100–97.|-|Win|10–22–10|align=left| Miguel Angel Robledo|KO|5||align=left| Berazategui, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|9–22–9|align=left| Miguel Angel Robledo|PTS|10||align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|9–20–9|align=left| Miguel Angel Robledo|UD|10||align=left| Rio Grande, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|14–22–2|align=left| Sandro Abel Vazquez|KO|4||align=left| Santa Fe, Argentina|align=left|'''WBA Fedelatin Super Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|15–5|align=left| Armando Grueso|KO|2||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|35–3|align=left| John David Jackson|UD|10||align=left| Cipoletti, Rio Negro, Argentina|align=left|'''WBA Fedelatin Super Middleweight Title'''. 95–93, 96–94, 99–98.|-|Win|13–1|align=left| Rogerio Lobo|KO|3||align=left| San Bernardo, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''WBA Fedelatin Super Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|18–5|align=left| Adolfo Caballero|KO|1||align=left| Ituzaingó, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|20–11–1|align=left| Nicasio Moray Martinez|TKO|4||align=left| Cipoletti, Rio Negro, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|98–13|align=left| Roberto Duran|UD|10||align=left| Panama City, Panama|align=left|95–97, 95–97, 95–97.|-|Win|98–12|align=left| Roberto Duran|UD|10||align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|100–94, 99–96, 99–98.|-|Win|20–10–1|align=left| Nicasio Moray Martinez|KO|4||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|35–10–1|align=left| Sergio Medina|TKO|1||align=left| Cupecoy Bay, St Maarten, Netherlands Antilles|align=left||-|Loss|23–0|align=left| Shinji Takehara|UD|12||align=left| Tokyo, Japan|align=left|'''WBA World Middleweight Title'''. 114–116, 112–118, 111–117.|-|Win|35–4–1|align=left| "Sweet" Reggie Johnson|SD|12||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left|'''WBA World Middleweight Title'''. 118–113, 115–113, 112–115.|-|Win|23–8–2|align=left| Anthony "The Pearl" Andrews|TKO|12||align=left| Ft Lauderdale, Florida, United States|align=left|'''WBA World Middleweight Title'''. Referee stopped the bout at 2:14 of the 12th round.|-|Win|32–0|align=left| John David Jackson|TKO|9||align=left| Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico|align=left|'''WBA World Middleweight Title'''. '''1994 Ring Magazine Fight of the Year'''. Referee stopped the bout at 2:34 of the ninth round.|-|Win|39–9–2|align=left| Alex "Bronx Bomber" Ramos|KO|2||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left|'''WBA World Middleweight Title'''. Ramos knocked out at 1:13 of the second round.|-|Win|35–3–1|align=left| "Sweet" Reggie Johnson|SD|12||align=left| San Miguel, Tucuman, Argentina|align=left|'''WBA World Middleweight Title'''. 116–114, 116–114, 115–116.|-|Win|17–9|align=left| "Rockin" Royan Hammond|KO|4||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|21–16–1|align=left| Francisco Bernabe Bobadilla Frasqueri|PTS|10||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|21–15–1|align=left| Francisco Bernabe Bobadilla Frasqueri|PTS|10||align=left| Concordia, Entre Rios, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|12–4–1|align=left| Wilberforce Kiggundu|TKO|7||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|21–14–1|align=left| Francisco Bernabe Bobadilla Frasqueri|PTS|10||align=left| Oran, Salta, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|18–19–7|align=left| Juan Italo Meza|TKO|4||align=left| Rosario de la Frontera, Salta, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|12–9|align=left| Francisco De Assis|KO|9||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|12–8|align=left| Francisco De Assis|TKO|6||align=left| Los Antiguos, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–12|align=left| Brinatty Maquilon|TKO|7||align=left| San Miguel, Tucuman, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22–19–6|align=left| Jorge Alberto Morello|TKO|5||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22–13–3|align=left| Hector Abel Lescano|KO|9||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–11|align=left| Brinatty Maquilon|PTS|10||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6–12–1|align=left| Jose Laercio Bezerra de Lima|KO|2||align=left| Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|80–22–18|align=left| Lorenzo Luis Garcia|PTS|10||align=left| Temperley, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–7–2|align=left| Abdenago Jofre|KO|2||align=left| Trelew, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–8|align=left| Jacobo Garcia|TKO|5||align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|17–16–7|align=left| Juan Italo Meza|PTS|10||align=left| Trelew, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|52–11–3|align=left| Hector Hugo Vilte|KO|5||align=left| Salta, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|79–21–18|align=left| Lorenzo Luis Garcia|PTS|10||align=left| La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22–9–3|align=left| Hector Abel Lescano|PTS|10||align=left| Bella Vista, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–8–1|align=left| Sergio Eduardo Ronconi|KO|3||align=left| Pico Truncado, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|8–11–1|align=left| Sandro Abel Vazquez|TKO|5||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|13–13|align=left| Danny Vargas|KO|1||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|17–0|align=left| Roy Jones, Jr.|UD|10||align=left| Pensacola, Florida, United States|align=left|92–98, 91–100, 91–99.|-|Win|34–44–22|align=left| Eduardo Domingo Contreras|KO|8||align=left| Junin, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|8–7–1|align=left| Anibal Miranda|PTS|10||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22–4–1|align=left| Ernesto Rafael Sena|KO|6||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|'''Argentina Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Loss|29–3|align=left| "Terrible" Terry Norris|UD|12||align=left| Bercy, France|align=left|'''WBC Light Middleweight Title'''. 112–120, 111–117, 110–118.|-|Win|5–5–1|align=left| Joe Hernandez|TKO|1||align=left| Paris, France|align=left||-|Win|17–13–6|align=left| Julio Abel Gonzalez|PTS|10||align=left| Posadas, Misiones, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–12–5|align=left| Edmundo Antonio Diaz|TKO|5||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|10–11–7|align=left| Juan Italo Meza|PTS|10||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–1|align=left| Mario Sanchez|KO|1||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–2|align=left| Antonio Madureira|KO|2||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6–3–1|align=left| Hernan Raul Perez Ramos|TKO|6||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left|'''South American Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|18–6–2|align=left| Ikleff Ahmed Hadjalla|PTS|8||align=left| Paris, France|align=left||-|Win|27–1|align=left| Mario Alberto Gaston Chavez|TKO|8||align=left| Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left|'''Argentina Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|52–7–2|align=left| Miguel Angel Arroyo|KO|1||align=left| Salta, Argentina|align=left|'''South American Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|16–16–5|align=left| Judas Clottey|SD|8||align=left| Madrid, Spain|align=left||-|Win|14–6–4|align=left| Bruno Ruben Godoy|TKO|5||align=left| Tartagal, Salta, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–5|align=left| Sergio Eduardo Ronconi|TKO|6||align=left| Tartagal, Salta, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|1–14|align=left| Ramon Rogue Garro|TKO|3||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7–4|align=left| Felipe Nino Molinar|KO|4||align=left| Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|35–6–2|align=left| Hugo Raul Marinangeli|TKO|12||align=left| Santa Rosa, Salta, Argentina|align=left|'''South American Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Loss|45–7–3|align=left| Hector Hugo Vilte|PTS|10||align=left| Salta, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|18–2–1|align=left| Francisco Bernabe Bobadilla Frasqueri|PTS|10||align=left| Salta, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|2–9–4|align=left| David Ellis Venegas|KO|1||align=left| Salta, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|17–10–5|align=left| Julio Abel Gonzalez|PTS|10||align=left| San Salvador de Jujuy, Jujuy Province, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|5–9–3|align=left| Ricardo Hector Silva|KO|3||align=left| San Miguel, Tucuman, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–5–1|align=left| Pedro Ramon Chavero|KO|2||align=left| Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6–5–6|align=left| Juan Italo Meza|UD|10||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left|99–94, 98–95, 98–94.|-|Win|13–19–9|align=left| Jorge Argentino Tejada|PTS|10||align=left| Chacabuco, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–4–3|align=left| Hector Abel Lescano|TKO|6||align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7–8–3|align=left| Cesar Roberto Guerrero|KO|6||align=left| General Las Heras, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|26–4–1|align=left| Daniel Omar Dominguez|TKO|2||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|46–5–2|align=left| Miguel Angel Arroyo|RTD|9||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|13–10–6|align=left| Juan Carlos Ortiz|KO|9||align=left| Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|14–3–3|align=left| Jose Maria Julian Raies|KO|2||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|17–32–1|align=left| Jake Torrance|TKO|5||align=left| New York City, United States|align=left||-|Loss|71–9–13|align=left| Lorenzo Luis Garcia|PTS|10||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|19–10–6|align=left| Jorge Alberto Morello|PTS|10||align=left| Trelew, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|31–3–2|align=left| Hugo Raul Marinangeli|KO|4||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left|'''Argentina Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|9–1|align=left| Ernesto Rafael Sena|PTS|10||align=left| Mendoza, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|10–11–3|align=left| Jorge Oscar Martinez|KO|4||align=left| La Rioja, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|71–7–13|align=left| Lorenzo Luis Garcia|PTS|10||align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|5–7–1|align=left| Jose Eugenio Toloza|TKO|4||align=left| Villa Carlos Paz, Cordoba, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|9–11–5|align=left| Roberto Osvaldo Diaz|KO|1||align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|33–10–6|align=left| Mario Edgardo Matthysse|TKO|7||align=left| Trelew, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|10–5–4|align=left| Juan Carlos Ortiz|TKO|2||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7–1–2|align=left| Jean-Pierre Iniama|TKO|4||align=left| San Pellegrino, Abruzzo, Italy|align=left||-|Win|13–2–1|align=left| Alphonso Bailey|KO|5||align=left| Monte Carlo, Monaco|align=left||-|Win|8–1–4|align=left| Ramon Angel Alegre|KO|4||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|47–21–20|align=left| Ramon Gaspar Abeldano|KO|1||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|14–6|align=left| Fernando Dos Santos Ernesto|KO|2||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|25–26–14|align=left| Antonio Rene Juarez|PTS|10||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|47–19–20|align=left| Ramon Gaspar Abeldano|UD|10||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–2|align=left| Robinson Rodrigo Zamora|KO|2||align=left| Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–5–3|align=left| Carlos Fauriciano Pastran|RTD|2||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|19–10–10|align=left| Carlos Cesar Prieto|KO|7||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|28–8–6|align=left| Carlos Victor Velazquez|KO|6||align=left| Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|25–4–5|align=left| Ramon Florencio Ramos|KO|1||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|5–14–4|align=left| Domingo Simon Sosa|TKO|1||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|54–23–11|align=left| Hugo Alfredo Luero|TKO|7||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|8–7–4|align=left| Cesar Oscar Perez|KO|1||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|2–0|align=left| Pedro Ruiz|KO|3||align=left| Catamarca, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|54–22–11|align=left| Hugo Alfredo Luero|DQ|8||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|9–1|align=left| Sergio Eduardo Ronconi|PTS|10||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7–9|align=left| Jose Alberto Alvarado|KO|3||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|10–16–7|align=left| Jorge Pino|PTS|10||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|26–11–3|align=left| Sergio Norberto Combis|PTS|10||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|24–24–13|align=left| Antonio Rene Juarez|PTS|10||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|2–5–2|align=left| Luis Armando Sanchez|TKO|2||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|15–7–3|align=left| Jorge Alberto Morello|PTS|10||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–25–10|align=left| Carlos Omar Almada|RTD|3||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|--|align=left| Sergio Saez|KO|1||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6–6–2|align=left| Jose Alberto Alvarado|KO|2||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|--|align=left|Roberto Martinez|PTS|6||align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|13–7–2|align=left| Jorge Alberto Morello|PTS|6||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–2|align=left| Patricio German Caracci|KO|1||align=left| Caleta Olivia, Santa Cruz, Argentina|align=left||}

text: |-|align="center" colspan=8|130 Wins (90 knockouts, 40 decisions), 11 Losses (2 knockouts, 9 decisions) 3 Draws |-| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Result| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Record| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Opponent| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Type| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Round| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Date| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Location| align="center" style="border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3"|Notes|-align=center|Win|14–2|align=left|

text: Jose Luis Herrera

text: Mar del Plata

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Referee stopped the bout at 2:28 of the second round.|-|Loss|13–1|align=left|

text: Jose Luis Herrera

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left|Referee stopped the bout at 0:37 of the fourth round.|-|Win|24–5|align=left|

text: Derrick Harmon

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: Fedelatin Light Heavyweight Title/World Heavyweight Title Eliminator'''. Referee stopped the bout at 2:35 of the seventh round.|-|Win|41–9–1|align=left|

text: Peter Venancio

text: Rio Gallegos

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: Fedelatin Light Heavyweight Title'''. 98.5–92, 97.5–92.5, 98–92.|-|Win|17–23–2|align=left|

text: Miguel Aguirre

text: Merlo, Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''South American Cruiserweight Title'''. 119.5–110, 120–109, 117.5–112.|-|Win|13–12–4|align=left|

text: Aaron Orlando Soria

text: Ituzaingó, Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left|Soria could not answer the bell for round seven.|-|Win|20–4–1|align=left|

text: Arturo Rivera

text: Rosario

text: Santa Fe

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|16–21–2|align=left|

text: Miguel Aguirre

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''South American Cruiserweight Title'''.|-|Win|12–2|align=left|

text: Livin Castillo

text: Corrientes

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|16–1–2|align=left|

text: Sebastiaan Rothmann

text: Brakpan

text: Gauteng

text: , South Africa|align=left|'''

text: IBO

text: World Cruiserweight Title'''. 109–119, 112–116, 112–116.|-|Loss|19–1|align=left|

text: Paul Briggs

text: Carrara, Queensland

text: , Australia|align=left|91–100, 91–99, 91–99.|-|Win|12–26–10|align=left|

text: Miguel Angel Robledo

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|27–7–2|align=left|

text: Etianne Whitaker

text: Cordoba

text: , Argentina|align=left|100–89, 100–88, 100–86.5|-|Win|11–2–1|align=left|

text: Sergio Martin Beaz

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left|Beaz retired at 0:01 of the eighth round.|-|Loss|30–0|align=left|

text: Vassiliy Jirov

text: Phoenix, Arizona

text: , United States|align=left|'''

text: IBF

text: World Cruiserweight Title'''. 110–119, 110–119, 110–119.|-|Win|21–3–1|align=left|

text: Imamu Mayfield

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''

text: IBF

text: World Cruiserweight Title Eliminator'''. Mayfield retired at 0:01 of the ninth round.|-|Win|39–5–1|align=left|

text: Peter Venancio

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left|Peter knocked out at 1:55 of the eighth round.|-|Win|38–4–1|align=left|

text: Peter Venancio

text: Bahia Blanca

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|29–5|align=left|

text: Roberto Coelho

text: Necochea

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|31–0|align=left|

text: Juan Carlos Gomez

text: Essen

text: Nordrhein-Westfalen

text: , Germany|align=left|'''

text: WBC

text: World Cruiserweight Title'''. Referee stopped the bout at 1:56 of the tenth round.|-|Win|43–6–1|align=left|

text: Fabian Alberto Chancalay

text: San Justo, Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|19–9–1|align=left|

text: Marco Antonio Duarte

text: San Carlos de Bariloche

text: Rio Negro

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|39–16–6|align=left|

text: Bruno Ruben Godoy

text: Neuquen

text: , Argentina|align=left|Godoy retired at 0:01 of the fifth round.|-|Win|14–3–6|align=left|

text: Oscar Angel Gomez

text: Rio Gallegos

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|51–9–3|align=left|

text: Juan Carlos Gimenez Ferreyra

text: Olavarria

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|97–95, 98–93, 100–91.|-|Win|18–6–1|align=left|

text: Marco Antonio Duarte

text: Ciudad Evita

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|97–95, 98–93, 100–97.|-|Win|10–22–10|align=left|

text: Miguel Angel Robledo

text: Berazategui

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|9–22–9|align=left|

text: Miguel Angel Robledo

text: Mar del Plata

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|9–20–9|align=left|

text: Miguel Angel Robledo

text: Rio Grande, Tierra del Fuego

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|14–22–2|align=left|

text: Sandro Abel Vazquez

text: Santa Fe, Argentina

text: |align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: Fedelatin Super Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|15–5|align=left|

text: Armando Grueso

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|35–3|align=left|

text: John David Jackson

text: Cipoletti

text: Rio Negro

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: Fedelatin Super Middleweight Title'''. 95–93, 96–94, 99–98.|-|Win|13–1|align=left|

text: Rogerio Lobo

text: San Bernardo, Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: Fedelatin Super Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|18–5|align=left|

text: Adolfo Caballero

text: Ituzaingó, Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|20–11–1|align=left|

text: Nicasio Moray Martinez

text: Cipoletti

text: Rio Negro

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|98–13|align=left|

text: Roberto Duran

text: Panama City

text: , Panama|align=left|95–97, 95–97, 95–97.|-|Win|98–12|align=left|

text: Roberto Duran

text: Mar del Plata

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|100–94, 99–96, 99–98.|-|Win|20–10–1|align=left|

text: Nicasio Moray Martinez

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|35–10–1|align=left|

text: Sergio Medina

text: Cupecoy Bay

text: St Maarten

text: Netherlands Antilles

text: Shinji Takehara

text: |UD|12||align=left| Tokyo, Japan|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Middleweight Title'''. 114–116, 112–118, 111–117.|-|Win|35–4–1|align=left|

text: "Sweet" Reggie Johnson

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Middleweight Title'''. 118–113, 115–113, 112–115.|-|Win|23–8–2|align=left|

text: Anthony "The Pearl" Andrews

text: Ft Lauderdale, Florida

text: , United States|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Middleweight Title'''. Referee stopped the bout at 2:14 of the 12th round.|-|Win|32–0|align=left|

text: John David Jackson

text: Monterrey

text: Nuevo Leon

text: , Mexico|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Middleweight Title'''. '''1994

text: Ring Magazine

text: Fight of the Year'''. Referee stopped the bout at 2:34 of the ninth round.|-|Win|39–9–2|align=left|

text: Alex "Bronx Bomber" Ramos

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Middleweight Title'''. Ramos knocked out at 1:13 of the second round.|-|Win|35–3–1|align=left|

text: "Sweet" Reggie Johnson

text: San Miguel

text: Tucuman

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''

text: WBA

text: World Middleweight Title'''. 116–114, 116–114, 115–116.|-|Win|17–9|align=left|

text: "Rockin" Royan Hammond

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|21–16–1|align=left|

text: Francisco Bernabe Bobadilla Frasqueri

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|21–15–1|align=left|

text: Francisco Bernabe Bobadilla Frasqueri

text: Concordia, Entre Rios

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|12–4–1|align=left|

text: Wilberforce Kiggundu

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|21–14–1|align=left|

text: Francisco Bernabe Bobadilla Frasqueri

text: Oran

text: Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|18–19–7|align=left|

text: Juan Italo Meza

text: Rosario de la Frontera

text: Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|12–9|align=left|

text: Francisco De Assis

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|12–8|align=left|

text: Francisco De Assis

text: Los Antiguos

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–12|align=left|

text: Brinatty Maquilon

text: San Miguel

text: Tucuman

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22–19–6|align=left|

text: Jorge Alberto Morello

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22–13–3|align=left|

text: Hector Abel Lescano

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–11|align=left|

text: Brinatty Maquilon

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6–12–1|align=left|

text: Jose Laercio Bezerra de Lima

text: Puerto Madryn

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|80–22–18|align=left|

text: Lorenzo Luis Garcia

text: Temperley

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–7–2|align=left|

text: Abdenago Jofre

text: Trelew

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–8|align=left|

text: Jacobo Garcia

text: Mar del Plata

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|17–16–7|align=left|

text: Juan Italo Meza

text: Trelew

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|52–11–3|align=left|

text: Hector Hugo Vilte

text: Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|79–21–18|align=left|

text: Lorenzo Luis Garcia

text: La Plata

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22–9–3|align=left|

text: Hector Abel Lescano

text: Bella Vista, Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–8–1|align=left|

text: Sergio Eduardo Ronconi

text: Pico Truncado

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|8–11–1|align=left|

text: Sandro Abel Vazquez

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|13–13|align=left|

text: Danny Vargas

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Loss|17–0|align=left|

text: Roy Jones, Jr.

text: Pensacola, Florida

text: , United States|align=left|92–98, 91–100, 91–99.|-|Win|34–44–22|align=left|

text: Eduardo Domingo Contreras

text: Junin

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|8–7–1|align=left|

text: Anibal Miranda

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|22–4–1|align=left|

text: Ernesto Rafael Sena

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''Argentina Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Loss|29–3|align=left|

text: "Terrible" Terry Norris

text: Bercy

text: , France|align=left|'''

text: WBC

text: Light Middleweight Title'''. 112–120, 111–117, 110–118.|-|Win|5–5–1|align=left|

text: Joe Hernandez

text: |TKO|1||align=left| Paris, France|align=left||-|Win|17–13–6|align=left|

text: Julio Abel Gonzalez

text: Posadas, Misiones

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–12–5|align=left|

text: Edmundo Antonio Diaz

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|10–11–7|align=left|

text: Juan Italo Meza

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–1|align=left|

text: Mario Sanchez

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–2|align=left|

text: Antonio Madureira

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6–3–1|align=left|

text: Hernan Raul Perez Ramos

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''South American Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|18–6–2|align=left|

text: Ikleff Ahmed Hadjalla

text: |PTS|8||align=left| Paris, France|align=left||-|Win|27–1|align=left|

text: Mario Alberto Gaston Chavez

text: Rio Gallegos

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''Argentina Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|52–7–2|align=left|

text: Miguel Angel Arroyo

text: Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''South American Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|16–16–5|align=left|

text: Judas Clottey

text: Madrid

text: , Spain|align=left||-|Win|14–6–4|align=left|

text: Bruno Ruben Godoy

text: Tartagal, Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–5|align=left|

text: Sergio Eduardo Ronconi

text: Tartagal, Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|1–14|align=left|

text: Ramon Rogue Garro

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7–4|align=left|

text: Felipe Nino Molinar

text: Rio Gallegos

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|35–6–2|align=left|

text: Hugo Raul Marinangeli

text: Santa Rosa

text: Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''South American Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Loss|45–7–3|align=left|

text: Hector Hugo Vilte

text: Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|18–2–1|align=left|

text: Francisco Bernabe Bobadilla Frasqueri

text: Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|2–9–4|align=left|

text: David Ellis Venegas

text: Salta

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|17–10–5|align=left|

text: Julio Abel Gonzalez

text: San Salvador de Jujuy

text: Jujuy Province

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|5–9–3|align=left|

text: Ricardo Hector Silva

text: San Miguel

text: Tucuman

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–5–1|align=left|

text: Pedro Ramon Chavero

text: Pergamino

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6–5–6|align=left|

text: Juan Italo Meza

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left|99–94, 98–95, 98–94.|-|Win|13–19–9|align=left|

text: Jorge Argentino Tejada

text: Chacabuco

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|11–4–3|align=left|

text: Hector Abel Lescano

text: Mar del Plata

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7–8–3|align=left|

text: Cesar Roberto Guerrero

text: General Las Heras

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|26–4–1|align=left|

text: Daniel Omar Dominguez

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|46–5–2|align=left|

text: Miguel Angel Arroyo

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|13–10–6|align=left|

text: Juan Carlos Ortiz

text: Quilmes

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|14–3–3|align=left|

text: Jose Maria Julian Raies

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|17–32–1|align=left|

text: Jake Torrance

text: |TKO|5||align=left| New York City, United States|align=left||-|Loss|71–9–13|align=left|

text: Lorenzo Luis Garcia

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|19–10–6|align=left|

text: Jorge Alberto Morello

text: Trelew

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|31–3–2|align=left|

text: Hugo Raul Marinangeli

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left|'''Argentina Light Middleweight Title'''.|-|Win|9–1|align=left|

text: Ernesto Rafael Sena

text: Mendoza

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|10–11–3|align=left|

text: Jorge Oscar Martinez

text: La Rioja

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|71–7–13|align=left|

text: Lorenzo Luis Garcia

text: Mar del Plata

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|5–7–1|align=left|

text: Jose Eugenio Toloza

text: Villa Carlos Paz

text: Cordoba

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|9–11–5|align=left|

text: Roberto Osvaldo Diaz

text: Mar del Plata

text: , Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-|Win|33–10–6|align=left|

text: Mario Edgardo Matthysse

text: Trelew

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|10–5–4|align=left|

text: Juan Carlos Ortiz

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7–1–2|align=left|

text: Jean-Pierre Iniama

text: San Pellegrino

text: , Abruzzo, Italy|align=left||-|Win|13–2–1|align=left|

text: Alphonso Bailey

text: Monte Carlo

text: , Monaco|align=left||-|Win|8–1–4|align=left|

text: Ramon Angel Alegre

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|47–21–20|align=left|

text: Ramon Gaspar Abeldano

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|14–6|align=left|

text: Fernando Dos Santos Ernesto

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|25–26–14|align=left|

text: Antonio Rene Juarez

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|47–19–20|align=left|

text: Ramon Gaspar Abeldano

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–2|align=left|

text: Robinson Rodrigo Zamora

text: Rio Gallegos

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|4–5–3|align=left|

text: Carlos Fauriciano Pastran

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|19–10–10|align=left|

text: Carlos Cesar Prieto

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|28–8–6|align=left|

text: Carlos Victor Velazquez

text: Buenos Aires

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|25–4–5|align=left|

text: Ramon Florencio Ramos

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|5–14–4|align=left|

text: Domingo Simon Sosa

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|54–23–11|align=left|

text: Hugo Alfredo Luero

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|8–7–4|align=left|

text: Cesar Oscar Perez

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|2–0|align=left|

text: Pedro Ruiz

text: Catamarca

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|54–22–11|align=left|

text: Hugo Alfredo Luero

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|9–1|align=left|

text: Sergio Eduardo Ronconi

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|7–9|align=left|

text: Jose Alberto Alvarado

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|10–16–7|align=left|

text: Jorge Pino

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|26–11–3|align=left|

text: Sergio Norberto Combis

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|24–24–13|align=left|

text: Antonio Rene Juarez

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|2–5–2|align=left|

text: Luis Armando Sanchez

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|15–7–3|align=left|

text: Jorge Alberto Morello

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–25–10|align=left|

text: Carlos Omar Almada

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|--|align=left|

text: Sergio Saez

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|6–6–2|align=left|

text: Jose Alberto Alvarado

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|--|align=left|

text: Roberto Martinez

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Draw|13–7–2|align=left|

text: Jorge Alberto Morello

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||-|Win|0–2|align=left|

text: Patricio German Caracci

text: Caleta Olivia

text: Santa Cruz

text: , Argentina|align=left||}

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a major problem

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: as of 2013, the clean air act regulates this many pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: |-|align="center" style="border-style: none solid solid"|California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog can build up on a winter day because inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 0:37

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Jose Luis Herrera|TKO|2||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Jose Luis Herrera|TKO|2||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Jose Luis Herrera|TKO|2||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: none

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: none none

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Jose Luis Herrera|TKO|2||align=left|

text: The Clean Air Act (CAA or Act) directs EPA to establish national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for pollutants at levels that will protect public health. EPA and American Lung Association promoted the 2011 Cross State Air Pollution Rule (CSAPR) to control ozone and fine particles. Aim was to cut emissions half from 2005 to 2014. It was claimed to prevent each year 400,000 asthma cases and save ca 2m work and schooldays lost by respiratory illness. Some states (e.g. Texas), cities and power companies sued the case (EPA v EME Homer City Generation). The appeals-court judges decided by two to one that the rule is too strict. Based on appeals the power companies were allowed to continue thousands of persons respiratory illnesses prolonged time in the USA. According to the Economist (2013) the Supreme Court decision may affect how the EPA regulates other pollutants, including the greenhouse gases.

text: The Clean Air Act (CAA or Act) directs

text: EPA

text: to establish national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for pollutants at levels that will protect public health.

text: EPA

text: and

text: American Lung Association

text: promoted the

text: 2011 Cross State Air Pollution Rule

text: (CSAPR) to control ozone and fine particles. Aim was to cut emissions half from 2005 to 2014. It was claimed to prevent each year 400,000 asthma cases and save ca 2m work and schooldays lost by respiratory illness. Some states (e.g. Texas), cities and power companies sued the case (

text: EPA v EME Homer City Generation

text: ). The appeals-court judges decided by two to one that the rule is too strict. Based on appeals the power companies were allowed to continue thousands of persons respiratory illnesses prolonged time in the USA. According to

text: the Economist

text: (2013) the Supreme Court decision may affect how the EPA regulates other pollutants, including the

text: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the purpose of the Cross State Air Pollution Rule?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: greenhouse gases.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: greenhouse gases.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ozone and fine particles.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: power companies

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: greenhouse gases.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Texas),

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollutants at levels that will protect public health.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone and fine particles.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: cities and power companies

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act

text: Emissions of volatile organic compounds such as benzene from oil refineries and chemical plants pose a long-term health risk to workers and local communities.  The EPA regulates VOCs mainly because of their ability to create photochemical smog and regards reducing the concentration of VOCs as an important health and environmental goal.

text: Emissions of volatile organic compounds such as

text: benzene

text: from

text: oil refineries

text: and

text: chemical plants

text: pose a long-term health risk to workers and local communities.  The EPA regulates VOCs mainly because of their ability to create

text: photochemical smog

text: and regards reducing the concentration of VOCs as an important health and environmental goal.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: long-term health risk to workers and local communities.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Emissions of volatile organic compounds such as benzene

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The EPA regulates VOCs

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Emissions of volatile organic compounds

text: London had suffered from poor air quality since the 1200s, which worsened in the 1600s, but the Great Smog is known to be the worst air-pollution event in the history of the United Kingdom, and the most significant in terms of its effect on environmental research, government regulation, and public awareness of the relationship between air quality and health. It led to several changes in practices and regulations, including the Clean Air Act 1956.

text: London had suffered from poor air quality since the 1200s, which worsened in the 1600s, but the Great Smog is known to be the worst air-pollution event in the history of the United Kingdom, and the most significant in terms of its effect on environmental research, government regulation, and public awareness of the relationship between air quality and health. It led to several changes in practices and regulations, including the

text: Clean Air Act 1956

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1600s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: the Great Smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1600s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the Great Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1956.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: the Great Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Great Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1956.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: the Great Smog

text: One measure of air pollution used in air quality standards is the atmospheric concentration of particulate matter. This measure is also sometimes referred to as the "particle number", although it is usually expressed in μg/m (micrograms per cubic metre).

text: One measure of

text: air pollution

text: used in air quality standards is the atmospheric concentration of

text: particulate matter

text: . This measure is also sometimes referred to as the "particle number", although it is usually expressed in μg/m (

text: micrograms

text: per cubic metre).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: <unk>g/m (micrograms per cubic metre).

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: atmospheric concentration of particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: <unk>g/m (micrograms per cubic metre).

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: atmospheric concentration of particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: atmospheric concentration of particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: atmospheric concentration of particulate matter.

text: Forty-two families and 514 species of moths were confirmed in the investigations of 1996 to 1999. One of the moths had become extinct, but it was seen again and it was because the lichen it eats was weak in atmospheric pollutions such as photochemical smog in the 1970s.

text: Forty-two families and 514 species of moths were confirmed in the investigations of 1996 to 1999. One of the moths had become extinct, but it was seen again and it was because the

text: lichen

text: it eats was weak in atmospheric pollutions such as photochemical smog in the 1970s.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: atmospheric pollutants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: photochemical

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: atmospheric pollutions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: atmospheric pollutions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 514

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: photochemical smog in the 1970s.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: photochemical smog in the 1970s.

text: The Worldwide Governance Indicators project at the World Bank recognizes that regulations have a significant impact in the quality of governance of a country. The Regulatory Quality of a country, defined as "the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector development" is one of the six dimensions of governance that the Worldwide Governance Indicators measure for more than 200 countries.

text: The

text: Worldwide Governance Indicators

text: project at the World Bank recognizes that regulations have a significant impact in the quality of governance of a country. The Regulatory Quality of a country, defined as "the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector development" is one of the six dimensions of governance that the

text: Worldwide Governance Indicators

text: measure for more than 200 countries.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: regulations have a significant impact in the quality of governance of a country.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Worldwide Governance Indicators project at the World Bank

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: regulations have a significant impact in the quality of governance of a country.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: regulations

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 200

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Worldwide Governance Indicators

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: private sector development"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: private sector development"

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: regulations have a significant impact in the quality of governance of a country.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: regulations have a significant impact in the quality of governance of a country.

text: Chameides, a native of New York City, originally wanted to be a lawyer at the time he went to college.  However, he later changed his major, first to physics and then to atmospheric science, as a result of taking an undergraduate physics course. He received a bachelor's degree from Binghamton University in 1970, a Master of philosophy degree from Yale University in 1973, and a PhD in 1974, also from Yale. He then began postdoctoral research at the University of Michigan, where he conducted research with Ralph J. Cicerone. After completing this research, he spent 25 years at the Georgia Institute of Technology, where he eventually became the chairman of the department of atmospheric sciences. While an associate professor there, he was the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Geophysical Research from 1985 to 1989, and, five years later, was the lead author on a study in Science which reported that ozone from photochemical smog may significantly reduce global food production. In the study, Chameides et al. wrote that about 60% of smog is produced in North America, Europe, China, and Japan, which also produce about 60% of the global food supply. In 1998, Chameides was elected into the National Academy of Sciences, becoming the second Georgia Tech professor in the university's history to be so honored (the first was Mostafa El-Sayed in 1980). In 2005, he left Georgia Tech to become the chief scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund, a decision that Virginia Gewin referred to as "unorthodox." Chameides said he made this decision because he wanted to "...do more to advance the cause of good environmental stewardship." In 2011, Chameides was the vice-chair of a report issued by the United States National Research Council entitled "America's Climate Choices."

text: Chameides, a native of New York City, originally wanted to be a lawyer at the time he went to college.  However, he later changed his major, first to physics and then to atmospheric science, as a result of taking an undergraduate physics course. He received a bachelor's degree from

text: Binghamton University

text: in 1970, a

text: Master of philosophy

text: degree from

text: Yale University

text: in 1973, and a PhD in 1974, also from Yale. He then began

text: postdoctoral

text: research at the

text: University of Michigan

text: , where he conducted research with

text: Ralph J. Cicerone

text: . After completing this research, he spent 25 years at the

text: Georgia Institute of Technology

text: , where he eventually became the chairman of the department of atmospheric sciences. While an associate professor there, he was the editor-in-chief of the

text: Journal of Geophysical Research

text: from 1985 to 1989, and, five years later, was the lead author on a study in

text: Science

text: which reported that

text: ozone

text: from

text: photochemical smog

text: may significantly reduce global food production. In the study, Chameides et al. wrote that about 60% of smog is produced in North America, Europe, China, and Japan, which also produce about 60% of the global food supply. In 1998, Chameides was elected into the National Academy of Sciences, becoming the second Georgia Tech professor in the university's history to be so honored (the first was

text: Mostafa El-Sayed

text: in 1980). In 2005, he left Georgia Tech to become the chief scientist at the

text: Environmental Defense Fund

text: , a decision that Virginia Gewin referred to as "unorthodox." Chameides said he made this decision because he wanted to "...do more to advance the cause of good environmental stewardship." In 2011, Chameides was the vice-chair of a report issued by the

entity_name: National Research Council (United States)

text: United States National Research Council

text: entitled "America's Climate Choices."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate choices

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "America's Climate Choices."

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Environmental Defense Fund,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 60%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 60%

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone from photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Environmental Defense Fund,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "unorthodox."

text: The town was the scene of the infamous Donora Smog of 1948.  Between October 26 and October 31, 1948, an air inversion trapped industrial effluent (air pollution) from the American Steel and Wire plant and Donora Zinc Works.  "In three days, 20 people died... After the inversion lifted, another 50 died, including Lukasz Musial, the father of baseball great Stan Musial. Hundreds more finished the rest of their lives with damaged lungs and hearts. But another 40 years would pass before the whole truth about Donora's bad air made public-health history."  Today, the town is home to the Donora Smog Museum which tells the impact of the Donora Smog on the air quality standards enacted by the federal government in subsequent years.

text: The town was the scene of the infamous

text: Donora Smog of 1948

text: .  Between October 26 and October 31, 1948, an

text: air inversion

text: trapped industrial effluent (air pollution) from the American Steel and Wire plant and Donora

text: Zinc

text: Works.  "In three days, 20 people died... After the inversion lifted, another 50 died, including Lukasz Musial, the father of baseball great

text: Stan Musial

text: . Hundreds more finished the rest of their lives with damaged lungs and hearts. But another 40 years would pass before the whole truth about Donora's bad air made public-health history."  Today, the town is home to the

text: Donora Smog Museum

text: which tells the impact of the Donora Smog on the air quality standards enacted by the federal government in subsequent years.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Donora Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Donora Smog of 1948

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Donora Smog of 1948.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air inversion trapped industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: federal government in subsequent years.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Donora Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Donora Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: American Steel and Wire plant and Donora Zinc Works.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air inversion trapped industrial effluent

text: There were several early applications of the model in somewhat dramatic cases.   In 1971 the Arlington Coalition on Transportation (ACT)  was the plaintiff in an action against the Virginia Highway Commission over the extension of Interstate 66 through Arlington, Virginia, having filed a suit in the federal district court.  The ESL model was used to produce calculations of air quality in the vicinity of the proposed highway.  ACT won this case after a decision by the U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. The court paid special attention to the plaintiff's expert calculations and testimony projecting that air quality levels would violate Federal ambient air quality standards as set forth in the Clean Air Act.

text: There were several early applications of the model in somewhat dramatic cases.   In 1971 the

text: Arlington Coalition on Transportation

text: (ACT)  was the

text: plaintiff

text: in an action against the Virginia Highway Commission over the extension of

text: Interstate 66

text: through

text: Arlington, Virginia

text: , having filed a suit in the

text: federal district court

text: .  The ESL model was used to produce calculations of air quality in the vicinity of the proposed highway.  ACT won this case after a decision by the U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. The court paid special attention to the plaintiff's expert calculations and testimony projecting that air quality levels would violate Federal ambient air quality standards as set forth in the

text: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality in the vicinity of the proposed highway

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Interstate 66

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: ESL model

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Federal ambient air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality levels would violate Federal ambient air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Federal ambient air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The ESL model

text:
|-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|84 Wins (57 knockouts), 7 Losses (3 knockouts), 1 Draw|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Round
Time|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes|- align=center|Loss||84–7–1||align=left| Eugenio Hurtado|TKO|6 (10)|1964–03–15|align=left| Gimnasio Nacional,
Panama City, Panamá|align=left||- align=center|Loss||84–6–1||align=left| Efren Torres|KO|3 (10)|1963–10–19|align=left| Arena Progreso,
Guadalajara, Jalisco|align=left||- align=center|Win||84–5–1||align=left| Adolfo Osses|PTS|10|1963–08–09|align=left| Guayaquil, Guayas|align=left||- align=center|Loss||83–5–1||align=left| Bernardo Caraballo|UD|10|1963–07–26|align=left| Bogotá|align=left||- align=center|Win||83–4–1||align=left| Manuel Moreno|UD|10|1963–06–16|align=left| Gimnasio Nacional,
Panama City, Panamá|align=left||- align=center|Loss||82–4–1||align=left| Leo Zulueta|SD|10|1963–04–30|align=left| Rizal Memorial Sports Complex,
Manila, Metro Manila|align=left||- align=center|Win||82–3–1||align=left| Cirilo Avellaneda|KO|7 (10)|1963–04–12|align=left| Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||81–3–1||align=left| Juan Carlos Moreyra|PTS|10|1963–04–05|align=left| Mercedes, Corrientes|align=left||- align=center|Win||80–3–1||align=left| Rodolfo Trivis|PTS|10|1963–02–16|align=left| Montevideo, Montevideo|align=left||- align=center|Win||79–3–1||align=left| Miguel Herrera|PTS|10|1963–02–01|align=left| San Luis, San Luis|align=left||- align=center|Win||78–3–1||align=left| Cirilo Avellaneda|PTS|10|1963–01–25|align=left| Villa Dolores, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||77–3–1||align=left| Juan Carlos Moreyra|TKO|8 (10)|1962–12–08|align=left| Córdoba, Córdoba|align=left||- align=center|Win||76–3–1||align=left| Martin Luque|KO|5|1962–06–15|align=left| San Salvador, Jujuy|align=left||- align=center|Win||75–3–1||align=left| Rodolfo Trivis|PTS|10|1962–06–09|align=left| San Miguel, Tucumán|align=left||- align=center|Win||74–3–1||align=left| Cirilo Avellaneda|KO|5 (10)|1962–05–19|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||73–3–1||align=left| Martin Luque|TKO|5|1962–05–02|align=left| Santiago del Estero,
Santiago del Estero|align=left||- align=center|Win||72–3–1||align=left| Juan Carlos Moreyra|TKO|3 (10)|1962–04–27|align=left| Salta, Salta|align=left||- align=center|Win||71–3–1||align=left| Ursino Bernal|TKO|6 (10)|1962–04–21|align=left| San Miguel, Tucumán|align=left||- align=center|Win||70–3–1||align=left| Rodolfo Trivis|PTS|10|1962–03–02|align=left| Miramar, Córdoba|align=left||- align=center|Win||69–3–1||align=left| Ursino Bernal|PTS|10|1962–02–23|align=left| Balcarce, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||68–3–1||align=left| Demetrio Acosta|KO|2 (10)|1962–01–27|align=left| Nueve de Julio, San Juan|align=left||- align=center|Win||67–3–1||align=left| Rodolfo Trivis|PTS|10|1961–12–22|align=left| Córdoba, Córdoba|align=left||- align=center|Win||66–3–1||align=left| Alberto García|TKO|6|1961–10–21|align=left| Rosario, Jujuy|align=left||- align=center|Win||65–3–1||align=left| José Diaz|KO|7|1961–10–12|align=left| Esquel, Chubut|align=left||- align=center|Win||64–3–1||align=left| Waldemiro Torres|KO|3|1961–09–05|align=left| Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz|align=left||- align=center|Win||63–3–1||align=left| Simon Rios|KO|6|1961–08–19|align=left| Trelew, Chubut|align=left||- align=center|Win||62–3–1||align=left| Waldemiro Torres|KO|8|1961–07–29|align=left| Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz|align=left||- align=center|Win||61–3–1||align=left| Juan Montevero|KO|5|1961–07–15|align=left| Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz|align=left||- align=center|Win||60–3–1||align=left| Hugo Villarreal|KO|3|1961–07–08|align=left| Punta Alta, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||59–3–1||align=left| Francisco Bahamondes|TKO|3|1961–05–19|align=left| Cipolletti, Río Negro|align=left||- align=center|Win||58–3–1||align=left| Juan Montevero|TKO|6|1961–05–13|align=left| General Roca, Río Negro|align=left||- align=center|Win||57–3–1||align=left| Pablo Sosa|KO|3 (10)|1961–04–09|align=left| San Pedro, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||56–3–1||align=left| Juan Carlos Moreyra|PTS|10|1961–04–01|align=left| Quilmes, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||55–3–1||align=left| Hugo Villarreal|TKO|4|1961–03–18|align=left| Avellaneda, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss||54–3–1||align=left| Pone Kingpetch|TKO|8 (15)
2:32|1960–09–22|align=left| Grand Olympic Auditorium,
Los Angeles, California|align=left|For World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Loss||54–2–1||align=left| Pone Kingpetch|SD|15|1960–04–16|align=left| Lumpinee Boxing Stadium,
Bangkok|align=left|Lost World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||54–1–1||align=left| Sadao Yaoita|KO|13 (15)
0:55|1959–11–05|align=left| Ogimachi Pool,
Osaka, Osaka|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||53–1–1||align=left| Kenji Yonekura|UD|15|1959–08–10|align=left| Metropolitan Gymnasium, Tokyo|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||52–1–1||align=left| Kenji Yonekura|PTS|10|1959–02–18|align=left| Tokyo|align=left||- align=center|Loss||51–1–1||align=left| Sadao Yaoita|UD|10|1959–01–16|align=left| Metropolitan Gymnasium, Tokyo|align=left||- align=center|Win||51–0–1||align=left| Dommy Ursua|UD|15|1958–12–15|align=left| Rizal Memorial Sports Complex,
Manila, Metro Manila|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||50–0–1||align=left| Tito Raggone|UD|10|1958–11–22|align=left| Rif-stadion,
Willemstad, Curaçao|align=left||- align=center|Win||49–0–1||align=left| Tito Raggone|PTS|10|1958–08–09|align=left| Santo Domingo, Distrito Nacional|align=left||- align=center|Win||48–0–1||align=left| Ramón Arias|UD|15|1958–04–19|align=left| Nuevo Circo,
Caracas, Miranda|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||47–0–1||align=left| Ricardo Valdez|KO|8|1958–03–22|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||46–0–1||align=left| Young Martin|KO|3 (15)
2:05|1957–12–07|align=left| Club Atlético Boca Juniors,
Buenos Aires|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||45–0–1||align=left| Conrado Moreyra|PTS|10|1957–09–13|align=left| La Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||44–0–1||align=left| Pablo Sosa|KO|3 (10)|1957–08–17|align=left| Club Ramon Santamarina,
Tandil, Buenos Aires|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||43–0–1||align=left| Urbieta Sosa|TKO|4|1957–08–02|align=left| Santa Fe, Santa Fe|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||42–0–1||align=left| Luis Jimenez|UD|10|1957–07–12|align=left| Estadio Babilonia, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||41–0–1||align=left| Dai Dower|KO|1 (15)
2:48|1957–03–30|align=left| Club San Lorenzo de Almagro,
Buenos Aires|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||40–0–1||align=left| Conrado Moreyra|PTS|10|1956–12–12|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||39–0–1||align=left| Hernan Rojas|RTD|8 (10)|1956–09–28|align=left| Estadio Comuneros, Asunción|align=left||- align=center|Win||38–0–1||align=left| Conrado Moreyra|PTS|10|1956–09–06|align=left| Ginásio do Pacaembu,
São Paulo, São Paulo|align=left||- align=center|Win||37–0–1||align=left| Hector Almaraz|KO|3 (10)|1956–08–25|align=left| Estadio Norte,
Rosario, Santa Fe|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||36–0–1||align=left| Ricardo Valdez|TKO|5 (10)|1956–08–04|align=left| Club Ramon Santamarina,
Tandil, Buenos Aires|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||35–0–1||align=left| Oscar Suarez|TKO|11 (15)|1956–06–30|align=left| Montevideo, Montevideo|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||34–0–1||align=left| Pablo Sosa|KO|4 (10)|1956–06–15|align=left| Martínez, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||33–0–1||align=left| Ricardo Valdez|TKO|6|1956–06–08|align=left| Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||32–0–1||align=left| Marcelo Quiroga|PTS|10|1956–03–31|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||31–0–1||align=left| Antonio Gomez|TKO|2 (10)|1956–03–21|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||30–0–1||align=left| Antonio Gomez|PTS|10|1956–02–10|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||29–0–1||align=left| Leo Espinosa|UD|15|1956–01–11|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||28–0–1||align=left| Danny Kid|PTS|10|1955–10–22|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||27–0–1||align=left| Alberto Palomeque|KO|4 (10)|1955–08–26|align=left| Catamarca, Catamarca|align=left||- align=center|Win||26–0–1||align=left| Yoshio Shirai|KO|5 (15)
2:59|1955–05–30|align=left| Korakuen Stadium, Tokyo|align=left|Ret. World Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||25–0–1||align=left| Alberto Barenghi|KO|3 (12)|1955–04–13|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||24–0–1||align=left| Yoshio Shirai|UD|15|1954–11–26|align=left| Korakuen Stadium, Tokyo|align=left|Won World Flyweight title.|- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||23–0–1||align=left| Yoshio Shirai|PTS|10|1954–07–24|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||23–0||align=left| Marcelo Quiroga|KO|4 (10)|1954–06–25|align=left| La Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||22–0||align=left| Pablo Sosa|RTD|8 (10)|1954–06–12|align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut|align=left||- align=center|Win||21–0||align=left| Domingo Sandoval|KO|4 (10)|1954–06–05|align=left| Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut|align=left||- align=center|Win||20–0||align=left| Vicente Bruno|KO|3|1954–05–19|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||19–0||align=left| Juan Bishop|PTS|10|1954–04–22|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||18–0||align=left| Pablo Sosa|KO|2 (10)|1954–03–24|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||17–0||align=left| Pablo Sosa|KO|6 (10)|1954–03–12|align=left| Catamarca, Catamarca|align=left||- align=center|Win||16–0||align=left| Nicolas Páez|KO|1 (10)|1954–02–24|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||15–0||align=left| Oliden Rojas|KO|3 (10)|1954–02–13|align=left| Club Ramon Santamarina,
Tandil, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||14–0||align=left| Marcelo Quiroga|TKO|4 (10)|1954–02–06|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||13–0||align=left| Antonio Zapata|RTD|5 (10)|1954–01–29|align=left| Catamarca, Catamarca|align=left||- align=center|Win||12–0||align=left| José Domingo Luna|TKO|2 (10)|1954–01–19|align=left| San Miguel, Tucumán|align=left||- align=center|Win||11–0||align=left| Nestor Rojas|RTD|2 (10)|1954–01–08|align=left| Catamarca, Catamarca|align=left|Ret. Argentine Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||10–0||align=left| Roberto Romero|KO|2 (10)|1953–12–30|align=left| Uspallata, Mendoza|align=left||- align=center|Win||9–0||align=left| Hernan Rojas|KO|2 (10)|1953–12–23|align=left| Catamarca, Catamarca|align=left||- align=center|Win||8–0||align=left| Eduardo Lliuzi|RTD|1 (10)|1953–11–25|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||7–0||align=left| Marcelo Quiroga|TKO|4 (12)|1953–11–11|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left|Won vacant Argentine Flyweight title.|- align=center|Win||6–0||align=left| Juan Godoy|KO|4 (10)|1953–03–30|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||5–0||align=left| Miguel Carrasco|KO|5 (10)|1953–03–16|align=left| Mendoza, Mendoza|align=left||- align=center|Win||4–0||align=left| Mario Ahumada|TKO|3 (10)|1953–02–20|align=left| Mendoza, Mendoza|align=left||- align=center|Win||3–0||align=left| Ramon Stronatti|RTD|2 (8)|1953–01–03|align=left| Mendoza, Mendoza|align=left||- align=center|Win||2–0||align=left| Jorge Flores|KO|3 (6)|1952–12–19|align=left| San Fernando, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||1–0||align=left| José Ciorino|TKO|4 (6)|1952–12–05|align=left| Gerli, Buenos Aires|align=left|

text:
|-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|84 Wins (57 knockouts), 7 Losses (3 knockouts), 1 Draw|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Round
Time|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes|- align=center|Loss||84–7–1||align=left| Eugenio Hurtado|TKO|6 (10)|1964–03–15|align=left| Gimnasio Nacional,

text: Panama City

text: Panamá

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||84–6–1||align=left|

text: Efren Torres

text: |KO|3 (10)|1963–10–19|align=left| Arena Progreso,<br>

text: Guadalajara

text: Jalisco

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||84–5–1||align=left| Adolfo Osses|PTS|10|1963–08–09|align=left|

text: Guayaquil

text: Guayas

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||83–5–1||align=left| Bernardo Caraballo|UD|10|1963–07–26|align=left|

text: Bogotá

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||83–4–1||align=left| Manuel Moreno|UD|10|1963–06–16|align=left| Gimnasio Nacional,<br>

text: Panama City

text: Panamá

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||82–4–1||align=left| Leo Zulueta|SD|10|1963–04–30|align=left|

text: Rizal Memorial Sports Complex

text: ,<br>

text: Manila

text: Metro Manila

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||82–3–1||align=left| Cirilo Avellaneda|KO|7 (10)|1963–04–12|align=left|

text: Bahía Blanca

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||81–3–1||align=left| Juan Carlos Moreyra|PTS|10|1963–04–05|align=left|

text: Mercedes

text: Corrientes

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||80–3–1||align=left| Rodolfo Trivis|PTS|10|1963–02–16|align=left|

text: Montevideo

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||79–3–1||align=left| Miguel Herrera|PTS|10|1963–02–01|align=left|

text: San Luis

text: San Luis

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||78–3–1||align=left| Cirilo Avellaneda|PTS|10|1963–01–25|align=left|

text: Villa Dolores

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||77–3–1||align=left| Juan Carlos Moreyra|TKO|8 (10)|1962–12–08|align=left|

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||76–3–1||align=left| Martin Luque|KO|5|1962–06–15|align=left|

text: San Salvador

text: Jujuy

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||75–3–1||align=left| Rodolfo Trivis|PTS|10|1962–06–09|align=left|

text: San Miguel

text: Tucumán

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||74–3–1||align=left| Cirilo Avellaneda|KO|5 (10)|1962–05–19|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||73–3–1||align=left| Martin Luque|TKO|5|1962–05–02|align=left|

text: Santiago del Estero

text: ,<br>

text: Santiago del Estero

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||72–3–1||align=left| Juan Carlos Moreyra|TKO|3 (10)|1962–04–27|align=left|

text: Salta

text: Salta

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||71–3–1||align=left| Ursino Bernal|TKO|6 (10)|1962–04–21|align=left|

text: San Miguel

text: Tucumán

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||70–3–1||align=left| Rodolfo Trivis|PTS|10|1962–03–02|align=left|

text: Miramar

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||69–3–1||align=left| Ursino Bernal|PTS|10|1962–02–23|align=left|

text: Balcarce

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||68–3–1||align=left| Demetrio Acosta|KO|2 (10)|1962–01–27|align=left|

text: Nueve de Julio

text: San Juan

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||67–3–1||align=left| Rodolfo Trivis|PTS|10|1961–12–22|align=left|

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||66–3–1||align=left| Alberto García|TKO|6|1961–10–21|align=left|

text: Rosario

text: Jujuy

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||65–3–1||align=left| José Diaz|KO|7|1961–10–12|align=left|

text: Esquel

text: Chubut

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||64–3–1||align=left| Waldemiro Torres|KO|3|1961–09–05|align=left|

text: Río Gallegos

text: Santa Cruz

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||63–3–1||align=left| Simon Rios|KO|6|1961–08–19|align=left|

text: Trelew

text: Chubut

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||62–3–1||align=left| Waldemiro Torres|KO|8|1961–07–29|align=left|

text: Río Gallegos

text: Santa Cruz

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||61–3–1||align=left| Juan Montevero|KO|5|1961–07–15|align=left|

text: Río Gallegos

text: Santa Cruz

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||60–3–1||align=left| Hugo Villarreal|KO|3|1961–07–08|align=left|

text: Punta Alta

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||59–3–1||align=left| Francisco Bahamondes|TKO|3|1961–05–19|align=left|

text: Cipolletti

text: Río Negro

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||58–3–1||align=left| Juan Montevero|TKO|6|1961–05–13|align=left|

text: General Roca

text: Río Negro

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||57–3–1||align=left| Pablo Sosa|KO|3 (10)|1961–04–09|align=left|

text: San Pedro

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||56–3–1||align=left| Juan Carlos Moreyra|PTS|10|1961–04–01|align=left|

text: Quilmes

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||55–3–1||align=left| Hugo Villarreal|TKO|4|1961–03–18|align=left|

text: Avellaneda

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||54–3–1||align=left|

text: Pone Kingpetch

text: |TKO|8 (15)<br>2:32|1960–09–22|align=left|

text: Grand Olympic Auditorium

text: ,<br>

text: Los Angeles

text: California

text: |align=left|For

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Loss||54–2–1||align=left|

text: Pone Kingpetch

text: Lumpinee Boxing Stadium

text: ,<br>

text: Bangkok

text: |align=left|Lost

text: World

text: Flyweight

text:
title.|- align=center|Win||54–1–1||align=left| Sadao Yaoita|KO|13 (15)
0:55|1959–11–05|align=left| Ogimachi Pool,

text: Osaka

text: Osaka

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||53–1–1||align=left|

text: Kenji Yonekura

text: Metropolitan Gymnasium

text: Tokyo

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||52–1–1||align=left|

text: Kenji Yonekura

text: Tokyo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||51–1–1||align=left| Sadao Yaoita|UD|10|1959–01–16|align=left|

text: Metropolitan Gymnasium

text: Tokyo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||51–0–1||align=left| Dommy Ursua|UD|15|1958–12–15|align=left|

text: Rizal Memorial Sports Complex

text: ,<br>

text: Manila

text: Metro Manila

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||50–0–1||align=left| Tito Raggone|UD|10|1958–11–22|align=left| Rif-stadion,<br>

text: Willemstad

text: Curaçao

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||49–0–1||align=left| Tito Raggone|PTS|10|1958–08–09|align=left|

text: Santo Domingo

text: Distrito Nacional

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||48–0–1||align=left| Ramón Arias|UD|15|1958–04–19|align=left| Nuevo Circo,<br>

text: Caracas

text: Miranda

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||47–0–1||align=left| Ricardo Valdez|KO|8|1958–03–22|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text:
title.|- align=center|Win||46–0–1||align=left| Young Martin|KO|3 (15)
2:05|1957–12–07|align=left| Club Atlético Boca Juniors,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||45–0–1||align=left| Conrado Moreyra|PTS|10|1957–09–13|align=left|

text: La Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||44–0–1||align=left| Pablo Sosa|KO|3 (10)|1957–08–17|align=left| Club Ramon Santamarina,<br>

text: Tandil

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||43–0–1||align=left| Urbieta Sosa|TKO|4|1957–08–02|align=left|

text: Santa Fe

text: Santa Fe

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||42–0–1||align=left| Luis Jimenez|UD|10|1957–07–12|align=left| Estadio Babilonia,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||41–0–1||align=left|

text: Dai Dower

text:
|KO|1 (15)
2:48|1957–03–30|align=left| Club San Lorenzo de Almagro,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||40–0–1||align=left| Conrado Moreyra|PTS|10|1956–12–12|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||39–0–1||align=left| Hernan Rojas|RTD|8 (10)|1956–09–28|align=left| Estadio Comuneros,

text: Asunción

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||38–0–1||align=left| Conrado Moreyra|PTS|10|1956–09–06|align=left|

text: Ginásio do Pacaembu

text: ,<br>

text: São Paulo

text: São Paulo

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||37–0–1||align=left| Hector Almaraz|KO|3 (10)|1956–08–25|align=left| Estadio Norte,<br>

text: Rosario

text: Santa Fe

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||36–0–1||align=left| Ricardo Valdez|TKO|5 (10)|1956–08–04|align=left| Club Ramon Santamarina,<br>

text: Tandil

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||35–0–1||align=left| Oscar Suarez|TKO|11 (15)|1956–06–30|align=left|

text: Montevideo

text: Montevideo

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||34–0–1||align=left| Pablo Sosa|KO|4 (10)|1956–06–15|align=left|

text: Martínez

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||33–0–1||align=left| Ricardo Valdez|TKO|6|1956–06–08|align=left|

text: Bahía Blanca

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||32–0–1||align=left| Marcelo Quiroga|PTS|10|1956–03–31|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||31–0–1||align=left| Antonio Gomez|TKO|2 (10)|1956–03–21|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||30–0–1||align=left| Antonio Gomez|PTS|10|1956–02–10|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||29–0–1||align=left| Leo Espinosa|UD|15|1956–01–11|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||28–0–1||align=left| Danny Kid|PTS|10|1955–10–22|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||27–0–1||align=left| Alberto Palomeque|KO|4 (10)|1955–08–26|align=left|

text: Catamarca

text: Catamarca

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||26–0–1||align=left|

text: Yoshio Shirai

text: |KO|5 (15)<br>2:59|1955–05–30|align=left|

text: Korakuen Stadium

text: Tokyo

text: |align=left|Ret.

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||25–0–1||align=left| Alberto Barenghi|KO|3 (12)|1955–04–13|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||24–0–1||align=left|

text: Yoshio Shirai

text: Korakuen Stadium

text: Tokyo

text: |align=left|Won

text: World

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||23–0–1||align=left| Yoshio Shirai|PTS|10|1954–07–24|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||23–0||align=left| Marcelo Quiroga|KO|4 (10)|1954–06–25|align=left|

text: La Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||22–0||align=left| Pablo Sosa|RTD|8 (10)|1954–06–12|align=left|

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||21–0||align=left| Domingo Sandoval|KO|4 (10)|1954–06–05|align=left|

text: Comodoro Rivadavia

text: Chubut

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||20–0||align=left| Vicente Bruno|KO|3|1954–05–19|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||19–0||align=left| Juan Bishop|PTS|10|1954–04–22|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||18–0||align=left| Pablo Sosa|KO|2 (10)|1954–03–24|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||17–0||align=left| Pablo Sosa|KO|6 (10)|1954–03–12|align=left|

text: Catamarca

text: Catamarca

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||16–0||align=left| Nicolas Páez|KO|1 (10)|1954–02–24|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||15–0||align=left| Oliden Rojas|KO|3 (10)|1954–02–13|align=left| Club Ramon Santamarina,<br>

text: Tandil

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||14–0||align=left| Marcelo Quiroga|TKO|4 (10)|1954–02–06|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||13–0||align=left| Antonio Zapata|RTD|5 (10)|1954–01–29|align=left|

text: Catamarca

text: Catamarca

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||12–0||align=left| José Domingo Luna|TKO|2 (10)|1954–01–19|align=left|

text: San Miguel

text: Tucumán

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||11–0||align=left| Nestor Rojas|RTD|2 (10)|1954–01–08|align=left|

text: Catamarca

text: Catamarca

text: |align=left|Ret. Argentine

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||10–0||align=left| Roberto Romero|KO|2 (10)|1953–12–30|align=left|

text: Uspallata

text: Mendoza

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||9–0||align=left| Hernan Rojas|KO|2 (10)|1953–12–23|align=left|

text: Catamarca

text: Catamarca

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||8–0||align=left| Eduardo Lliuzi|RTD|1 (10)|1953–11–25|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||7–0||align=left| Marcelo Quiroga|TKO|4 (12)|1953–11–11|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won vacant Argentine

text: Flyweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||6–0||align=left| Juan Godoy|KO|4 (10)|1953–03–30|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||5–0||align=left| Miguel Carrasco|KO|5 (10)|1953–03–16|align=left|

text: Mendoza

text: Mendoza

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||4–0||align=left| Mario Ahumada|TKO|3 (10)|1953–02–20|align=left|

text: Mendoza

text: Mendoza

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||3–0||align=left| Ramon Stronatti|RTD|2 (8)|1953–01–03|align=left|

text: Mendoza

text: Mendoza

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||2–0||align=left| Jorge Flores|KO|3 (6)|1952–12–19|align=left|

text: San Fernando

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||1–0||align=left| José Ciorino|TKO|4 (6)|1952–12–05|align=left|

text: Gerli

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: as of 2013, the clean air act regulates this many pollutants

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog can build up on a winter day because inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: br>Guadalajara, Jalisco|align=left||-

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: (10)|1963–10–19|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: br>Guadalajara, Jalisco|align=left||-

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: br>Guadalajara, Jalisco|align=left

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: align=center|Loss||83–5–1||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: br>Panama City, Panamá|align=left||-

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: align=center|Loss||84–6–1||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: align=center|Loss||84–6–1||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: br>Guadalajara, Jalisco|al

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: br>Panama City, Panamá|align=left||-

text: Labor historian Erik Loomis claims that the conditions faced by workers in the United States in the Gilded Age have been replicated in developing countries where Western corporations utilize sweatshop labor. In particular, he compares the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in 1911 New York to the collapse of Rana Plaza in 2013 Bangladesh. He argues that the former galvanized the population to political activism that eventually pushed through reforms not only pertaining to workplace safety, but also the minimum wage, the eight-hour day, workers' compensation, Social Security the Clean Air Act, and the Clean Water Act. American corporations responded by shifting production to developing nations where such protections did not exist. Loomis elaborates:

text: Labor historian Erik Loomis claims that the conditions faced by workers in the United States in the

text: Gilded Age

text: have been replicated in developing countries where Western corporations utilize sweatshop labor. In particular, he compares the

text: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire

text: in 1911 New York to the

text: collapse of Rana Plaza

text: in 2013 Bangladesh. He argues that the former galvanized the population to political activism that eventually pushed through reforms not only pertaining to workplace safety, but also the

text: minimum wage

text: , the

text: eight-hour day

text: workers' compensation

text: Social Security

text: the

text: Clean Air Act

text: , and the

text: Clean Water Act

text: . American corporations responded by shifting production to developing nations where such protections did not exist. Loomis elaborates:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Gilded Age

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act, and the Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Western corporations utilize sweatshop labor

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the collapse of Rana Plaza in 2013 Bangladesh

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: sweatshop labor.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Gilded Age

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Western corporations utilize sweatshop labor.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Clean Air Act, and the Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: American corporations responded by shifting production to developing nations

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Act, and the Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sweatshop labor.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: American corporations responded by shifting production to developing nations

text: The Clean Air Act was passed in 1963 to support the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), established on December 2, 1970, in developing research programs looking into air pollution problems and solutions.<ref name=history>"History| Clean Air Act | US EPA." EPA. Environmental Protection Agency. Web. 17 Apr. 2012.

text: The

text: Clean Air Act

text: was passed in 1963 to support the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA), established on December 2, 1970, in developing research programs looking into air pollution problems and solutions.<ref name=history>"History| Clean Air Act | US EPA." EPA. Environmental Protection Agency. Web. 17 Apr. 2012.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Web. 17 Apr. 2012.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act was passed in 1963

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act was passed in 1963

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: problems and solutions.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 17 Apr. 2012.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution problems and solutions.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act was passed in 1963

text: Resolving these concerns in an area as large as the six-county SCAG region will be impossible working purely at the local government level, prioritizing purely local interests and concerns. A regional framework in which to view these problems - transportation, housing, jobs, air quality, open space, and climate - that reach across political boundaries. The quality of life in any region depends in large part on travel - how easy it is to get from home to work and back, the amount of time spent commuting, and the types and degree of choices available for getting around. Closely related to that are the choices about how land should be used. The types and appearances of buildings, how they function in a neighborhood or business district, and where they are located all have an effect on transportation use. For example, a small neighborhood that combines a shopping area with nearby residences makes it easier for people to walk for some of their trips. Highway-adjacent commercial development, however, tends to require auto travel for all trips.

text: Resolving these concerns in an area as large as the six-county SCAG region will be impossible working purely at the local government level, prioritizing purely local interests and concerns. A regional framework in which to view these problems - transportation, housing, jobs, air quality, open space, and climate - that reach across political boundaries. The quality of life in any region depends in large part on travel - how easy it is to get from home to work and back, the amount of time spent commuting, and the types and degree of choices available for getting around. Closely related to that are the choices about how land should be used. The types and appearances of buildings, how they function in a neighborhood or business district, and where they are located all have an effect on transportation use. For example, a small neighborhood that combines a shopping area with nearby residences makes it easier for people to walk for some of their trips. Highway-adjacent commercial development, however, tends to require auto travel for all trips.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: SCAG

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: impossible working purely at the local government level,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: problems - transportation, housing, jobs, air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Highway-adjacent commercial development,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six-county

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air quality,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air quality, open space, and climate

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Highway-adjacent commercial development,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: climate - that reach across political boundaries.

text: The Clean Air Act was the first major environmental law in the United States to include a provision for citizen suits. Numerous state and local governments have enacted similar legislation, either implementing federal programs or filling in locally important gaps in federal programs.

text: The Clean Air Act was the first major

text: environmental law

text: in the United States to include a provision for

text: citizen suit

text: s. Numerous state and local governments have enacted similar legislation, either implementing federal programs or filling in locally important gaps in federal programs.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act was the first major environmental law in the United States

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: environmental law

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The Clean Air Act was the first major environmental law in the United States

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: citizen suits.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Clean Air Act was the first major environmental law in the United States

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act was the first major environmental law in the United States

text: There are three different media through which humans can come in contact with hazardous materials: air, water, and soil. The United States Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (“ATSDR”) tested water, air, and soil quality in order to determine whether the health of the Viequenses were at risk.  In all cases the ATSDR found that either the Navy had not affected the environment or that the Navy had affected it so minimally that the contamination would pose no threat to human health.  However, other scientists contend that ATSDR’s studies were incomplete.  The ATSDR is notorious for denying links between community contamination and health affects.  After monitoring the ATSDR for ten years, Linda King of the Environmental Health Network reported that only one ATSDR study among hundreds has found contaminants in the community to be the cause of health problems.

text: There are three different media through which humans can come in contact with hazardous materials: air, water, and soil. The United States

entity_name: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry

text: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry

text: (“ATSDR”) tested water, air, and soil quality in order to determine whether the health of the Viequenses were at risk.  In all cases the ATSDR found that either the Navy had not affected the environment or that the Navy had affected it so minimally that the contamination would pose no threat to human health.  However, other scientists contend that ATSDR’s studies were incomplete.  The ATSDR is notorious for denying links between community contamination and health affects.  After monitoring the ATSDR for ten years, Linda King of the Environmental Health Network reported that only one ATSDR study among hundreds has found contaminants in the community to be the cause of health problems.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous materials

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Toxic Substances

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Navy

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous materials:

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Navy

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: three

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Navy

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air, water, and soil.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air,

text: The Pollutant Standards Index, or PSI, is a type of air quality index, which is a number used to indicate the level of pollutants in air.

text: The Pollutant Standards Index, or PSI, is a type of

text: air quality index

text: , which is a number used to indicate the level of pollutants in air.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Pollutant Standards Index,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Pollutant Standards Index,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a number used to indicate the level of pollutants in air.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Pollutant Standards Index,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The Pollutant Standards Index,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Pollutant Standards Index,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Pollutant Standards Index,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Pollutant Standards Index,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Pollutant Standards Index,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Pollutant Standards Index,

text: The link between automotive exhaust and photochemical smog was discovered in the 1950s by Arie Haagen-Smit.

text: The link between automotive exhaust and photochemical smog was discovered in the 1950s by

text: Arie Haagen-Smit

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automotive exhaust

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: automotive exhaust and photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automotive exhaust

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The link between automotive exhaust and photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The link between automotive exhaust and photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: automotive exhaust and photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: automotive exhaust

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The link between automotive exhaust and photochemical smog

text: One of the most pressing problems in the neighborhoods surrounding Zug Island is poor air quality. According to an article in the January 20, 2010, edition of the Detroit Free Press, the neighborhoods around the area comprise six of the ten most polluted zip codes in Michigan. In the article, residents cite air quality samples containing lead and high levels of methyl ethyl ketone, large numbers of cancer and asthma cases, and foul smells with "sparkly" dust that must be removed with toilet cleaner. Interviewed separately, residents of the area say the foul smells are strong enough to cause dry heaves.

text: One of the most pressing problems in the neighborhoods surrounding Zug Island is poor air quality. According to an article in the January 20, 2010, edition of the Detroit Free Press, the neighborhoods around the area comprise six of the ten most polluted zip codes in Michigan. In the article, residents cite air quality samples containing

text: lead

text: and high levels of

text: methyl ethyl ketone

text: , large numbers of cancer and asthma cases, and foul smells with "sparkly" dust that must be removed with toilet cleaner. Interviewed separately, residents of the area say the foul smells are strong enough to cause dry heaves.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: lead and high levels of methyl ethyl ketone,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2010,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: poor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: lead and high levels of methyl ethyl ketone,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ten most polluted zip codes in Michigan.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: ten most polluted zip codes in Michigan.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: poor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: lead and high levels of methyl ethyl ketone,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: lead and high levels of methyl ethyl ketone,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: January 20, 2010, edition of the Detroit Free Press,

text: ASHRAE standard 62 states that air removed from an area with environmental tobacco smoke shall not be recirculated into ETS-free air. A space with ETS requires more ventilation to achieve similar perceived air quality to that of a non-smoking environment.

text: ASHRAE standard 62 states that air removed from an area with

text: environmental tobacco smoke

text: shall not be recirculated into ETS-free air. A space with ETS requires more ventilation to achieve similar perceived air quality to that of a non-smoking environment.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: tobacco smoke

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: tobacco smoke

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Tobacco

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: tobacco smoke

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: ASHRAE standard 62

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: tobacco smoke

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: tobacco smoke

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ASHRAE standard 62

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: ASHRAE standard 62

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: tobacco smoke

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: environmental tobacco smoke

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: tobacco smoke

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: ASHRAE standard 62

text: Air pollution levels near major highways and urban arterials are in violation of U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards where millions of Americans live or work.  Even the interior of a building does not really protect inhabitants from adverse exterior air quality, since the exterior air is the intake supply, and it is well known that indoor air quality is typically worse than exterior air.

text: Air pollution levels near major highways and urban

text: arterial

text: s are in violation of U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards where millions of Americans live or work.  Even the interior of a building does not really protect inhabitants from adverse exterior air quality, since the exterior air is the intake supply, and it is well known that

text: indoor air quality

text: is typically worse than exterior air.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: major highways

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: major highways

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: in violation of U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: major highways and urban arterials

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air pollution levels near major highways and urban arterials

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air pollution levels

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air pollution levels near major highways and urban arterials

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: major highways and urban arterials

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: interior of a building does not really protect inhabitants from adverse exterior air quality,

text: The revised 2010 forest plan recognized the need to develop plans to manage wildfires at the wildland–urban interface, use prescribed fire as a tool to manage ecosystem health, and meet air quality requirements set by the Clean Air Act. The forest operates a fire management plan under federal fire policy that gives fire personnel direction for responding to unintended ignitions. Occasionally, area closures and restrictions on use, such as prohibition of campfires, are implemented to aid in wildfire prevention. Following severe fires, area closures may be put in place to protect the public from risks such as falling trees and landslides. Proactive fire management strategies include prescribed burns and mechanical reduction of fuel levels. For instance, in 2014 Boise National Forest planned to conduct  of prescribed burns and  of mechanical treatment. The forest seasonally maintains staff at seven fire lookout towers, while six others remain unstaffed.

text: The revised 2010 forest plan recognized the need to develop plans to manage wildfires at the

text: wildland–urban interface

text: , use

text: prescribed fire

text: as a tool to manage ecosystem health, and meet air quality requirements set by the

text: Clean Air Act

text: . The forest operates a fire management plan under federal fire policy that gives fire personnel direction for responding to unintended ignitions. Occasionally, area closures and restrictions on use, such as prohibition of campfires, are implemented to aid in wildfire prevention. Following severe fires, area closures may be put in place to protect the public from risks such as falling trees and landslides. Proactive fire management strategies include prescribed burns and mechanical reduction of fuel levels. For instance, in 2014 Boise National Forest planned to conduct  of prescribed burns and  of mechanical treatment. The forest seasonally maintains staff at seven

text: fire lookout tower

text: s, while six others remain unstaffed.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2010 forest plan

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality requirements set by the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: wildfires

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: wildfires

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality requirements set by the Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: wildfires

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: seven

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air quality requirements set by the Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality requirements

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air quality requirements set by the Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: wildfires at the wildland–urban interface,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality requirements set by the Clean Air Act.

text: In 1970, 40 high school students were exposed to photochemical smog and required hospitalization. The incident attracted national attention and increased awareness of the dangers of pollution.

text: In 1970, 40 high school students were exposed to

text: photochemical smog

text: and required hospitalization. The incident attracted national attention and increased awareness of the dangers of pollution.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: dangers

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 40

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 40 high school students were exposed to photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: photochemical smog

text: The EPA has initiated several air quality requirements that help reduce ground-level ozone that leads to urban heat islands. In the Clean Air Act, one of the EPA's chief policies, there are certain regulations that are put in place to ensure the state's emissions stay below a certain level. Included in the Clean Air Act, all states must set forth a State Implementation Plan (SIP) which is designed to guarantee all states meet a central air quality standard.<ref name="epa.gov">"Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies | Heat Island Effect | US EPA." EPA. Environmental Protection Agency, n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.

text: The

text: EPA

text: has initiated several air quality requirements that help reduce

text: ground-level ozone

text: that leads to urban heat islands. In the Clean Air Act, one of the EPA's chief policies, there are certain regulations that are put in place to ensure the state's emissions stay below a certain level. Included in the Clean Air Act, all states must set forth a

text: State Implementation Plan

text: (SIP) which is designed to guarantee all states meet a central air quality standard.<ref name="epa.gov">"Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies | Heat Island Effect | US EPA." EPA. Environmental Protection Agency, n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: urban heat islands

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: urban heat islands

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: urban heat islands

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban heat islands

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: urban heat islands.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: urban heat islands.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: below a certain level.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: urban heat islands.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: urban heat islands.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban heat islands.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: urban heat islands.

text: Ostrava’s high concentration of heavy industry means that the city faces certain environmental problems, particularly in relation to air quality. Measurements performed by the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute show that levels of atmospheric benzopyrene and dust particles rank among the highest in the country.Although Ostrava still has to contend with environmental issues, much progress has been made and continues to be made – not least thanks to the implementation of strict environmental requirements by ArcelorMittal, one of the biggest polluters in the region. In 2015 ArcelorMittal implemented 13 major ecological investment projects worth CZK 3 billion; one new installation filters out 61 tonnes of dust per year. The City of Ostrava is also involved in a range of projects focusing on environmental improvements. These include the special web portal www.dycham.ostrava.cz, which enables citizens to monitor current air quality indicators, and a project funding short “health breaks” for children from high-risk areas.One of the most pressing environmental problems currently facing the city concerns the oil lagoons at the site of the former Ostramo chemical plant. In 1996 the Czech government took control of the site and drew up plans for a cleanup; the state-owned company Diamo was created to implement these plans. The situation has recently been the subject of government-level discussions, and the Finance Minister Andrej Babiš visited Ostrava in March 2015; the situation is currently under review by the Ministry of Finance, which is drawing up conceptual documentation and will then announce a public tender for the cleanup work.

text: Ostrava’s high concentration of heavy industry means that the city faces certain environmental problems, particularly in relation to air quality. Measurements performed by the

text: Czech Hydrometeorological Institute

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Ostrava

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: benzopyrene

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: benzopyrene

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: benzopyrene

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: heavy industry

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: benzopyrene and dust particles

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Ostrava’s high concentration of heavy industry

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: benzopyrene and dust particles rank among the highest in the country.Although

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: heavy industry

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 61 tonnes of dust per year.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: benzopyrene and dust particles rank among the highest in the country.Although

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: strict environmental requirements

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: benzopyrene

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high concentration of heavy industry

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Ostrava’s high concentration of heavy industry

text: Engine On Board Diagnostics (also known as OBD) is a computerized system that allows for electronic diagnosis of a vehicles' powerplant. The first generation, known as OBD1, was introduced 10 years after the U.S. Congress passed the Clean Air Act in 1970 as a way to monitor a vehicles' fuel injection system. OBD2, the second generation of computerized on-board diagnostics, was codified and recommended by the California Air Resource Board in 1994 and became mandatory equipment aboard all vehicles sold in the United States as of 1996.

text: Engine On Board Diagnostics (also known as OBD) is a computerized system that allows for electronic diagnosis of a vehicles' powerplant. The first generation, known as OBD1, was introduced 10 years after the U.S. Congress passed the Clean Air Act in 1970 as a way to monitor a vehicles' fuel injection system. OBD2, the second generation of computerized on-board diagnostics, was codified and recommended by the California Air Resource Board in 1994 and became mandatory equipment aboard all vehicles sold in the United States as of 1996.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: OBD2 was recommended by the California Air Resource Board

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: OBD2

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1970

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1970

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California Air Resource Board

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: as a way to monitor a vehicles' fuel injection system.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fuel injection system.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: California Air Resource Board

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1970

text: Major sources of air pollution, such as transport, are subject to various measures at the European, national and local level. Local authorities regulate air pollution from smaller industrial processes. The Agency works with local authorities, the Highways Agency and others to implement the UK government's air quality strategy in England as mandated in the Environment Act 1995. The Environment Agency has an Air Quality Modelling and Assessment Unit (AQMAU) that aims to ensure that air quality assessments for permit applications, enforcement and air pollution incident investigations are consistent, of a high standard and based on sound science.

text: Major sources of air pollution, such as transport, are subject to various measures at the European, national and local level. Local authorities regulate air pollution from smaller industrial processes. The Agency works with local authorities, the

text: Highways Agency

text: and others to implement the UK government's air quality strategy in England as mandated in the

text: Environment Act 1995

text: . The Environment Agency has an Air Quality Modelling and Assessment Unit (AQMAU) that aims to ensure that air quality assessments for permit applications, enforcement and air pollution incident investigations are consistent, of a high standard and based on sound science.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the main source of air pollution?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial processes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Local authorities regulate air pollution from smaller industrial processes.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Environment Act 1995.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Local authorities regulate air pollution from smaller industrial processes.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: smaller industrial processes.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1995.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Major sources of air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Major sources of air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: transport,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial processes.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Major sources of air pollution,

text: He researched market solutions to the smog problem in Los Angeles. He was president of the California Coalition for Clean Air from 1980 to 1986. Elliott drafted the economic-incentives of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Subsequent to his efforts, the number of first-stage smog-alert days declined from one day in three in the 1960s to only one day in 1997.

text: He researched market solutions to the

text: smog

text: problem in

text: Los Angeles

text: . He was president of the California Coalition for Clean Air from 1980 to 1986. Elliott drafted the economic-incentives of the

text: Clean Air Act Amendments

text: of 1990. Subsequent to his efforts, the number of first-stage smog-alert days declined from one day in three in the 1960s to only one day in 1997.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Los Angeles.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: one day in three

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog problem

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: one day in three in the 1960s to only one day in 1997.

text: To compare the quality of different machine translation systems, users perform RTT and compare the resulting text to the original. The theory is that the closer the result of the RTT is to the original text, the higher the quality of the machine translation system. One of the problems with this technique is that if there is a problem with the resulting text it is impossible to know whether the error occurred in the forward translation, in the back translation, or in both. In addition it is possible to get a good back translation from a bad forward translation. A study using the automatic evaluation methods BLEU and F-score compared five different free on-line translation programs evaluating the quality of both the forward translation and the back translation and found no correlation between the quality of the forward translation and the quality of the back translation (i.e., a high quality forward translation did not always correspond to a high quality back translation). The author concluded that RTT was a poor method of predicting the quality of machine translation software. This conclusion was reinforced by a more in-depth study also using automatic evaluation methods. A subsequent study which included human evaluation of the back translation in addition to automatic evaluation methods found that RTT might have some ability to predict the quality of a machine translation system not on a sentence by sentence basis but for larger texts.

text: To compare the quality of different machine translation systems, users perform RTT and compare the resulting text to the original. The theory is that the closer the result of the RTT is to the original text, the higher the quality of the machine translation system. One of the problems with this technique is that if there is a problem with the resulting text it is impossible to know whether the error occurred in the forward translation, in the back translation, or in both. In addition it is possible to get a good back translation from a bad forward translation. A study using the automatic evaluation methods

text: BLEU

text: and

text: F-score

text: compared five different free on-line

text: translation programs

text: evaluating the quality of both the forward translation and the back translation and found no

text: correlation

text: between the quality of the forward translation and the quality of the back translation (i.e., a high quality forward translation did not always correspond to a high quality back translation). The author concluded that RTT was a poor method of predicting the quality of machine translation software. This conclusion was reinforced by a more in-depth study also using automatic evaluation methods. A subsequent study which included human evaluation of the back translation in addition to automatic evaluation methods found that RTT might have some ability to predict the quality of a machine translation system not on a

text: sentence

text: by sentence basis but for larger texts.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: RTT

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: winter day

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: possible to get a good back translation from a bad forward translation.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: RTT

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: To compare the quality of different machine translation systems, users perform RTT

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: RTT

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: F-score

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: RTT

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: RTT

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: F-score

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: if there is a problem with the resulting text

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: possible to get a good back translation from a bad forward translation.

text: Due to the inversion layer that traps smog over Los Angeles, Mount Wilson has more natural steady air than any other location in North America, making it ideal for astronomy and in particular for interferometry. The increasing light pollution due to the growth of greater Los Angeles has limited the ability of the observatory to engage in deep space astronomy, but it remains a productive center, with the CHARA Array continuing important stellar research.

text: Due to the

text: inversion layer

text: that traps

text: smog

text: over Los Angeles, Mount Wilson has more natural steady air than any other location in North America, making it ideal for astronomy and in particular for

text: interferometry

text: . The increasing

text: light pollution

text: due to the growth of greater Los Angeles has limited the ability of the observatory to engage in deep space astronomy, but it remains a productive center, with the CHARA Array continuing important stellar research.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: inversion layer

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversion layer

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: growth of greater Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: inversion layer

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Mount Wilson has more natural steady air than any other location in North America,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversion layer

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Mount Wilson has more natural steady air than any other location in North America,

text: The Clean Air Campaign is a not-for-profit organization that motivates Georgians to take action to improve air quality and reduce traffic congestion. The organization was formed in 1996 by government, business, civic, health, environmental and educational organizations to address traffic congestion and air quality issues in the metro Atlanta region.

text: The Clean Air Campaign is a

text: not-for-profit

text: organization that motivates

text: Georgians

text: to take action to improve

text: air quality

text: and reduce traffic congestion. The organization was formed in 1996 by government, business, civic, health, environmental and educational organizations to address traffic congestion and air quality issues in the metro Atlanta region.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Campaign

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Campaign

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1996

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: traffic congestion.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: traffic congestion.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: traffic congestion.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Campaign

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: traffic congestion.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: traffic congestion.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: traffic congestion.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Campaign

text: When compared to other Asian cities, Taipei has "excellent" capabilities for managing air quality in the city. Its rainy climate, location near the coast, and strong environmental regulations have prevented air pollution from becoming a substantial health issue, at least compared to cities in southeast Asia and industrial mainland China. However, smog is extremely common and there is poor visibility throughout the city after rain-less days.

text: When compared to other

text: Asia

text: n cities, Taipei has "excellent" capabilities for managing air quality in the city. Its rainy climate, location near the coast, and strong environmental regulations have prevented air pollution from becoming a substantial health issue, at least compared to cities in southeast Asia and industrial mainland China. However, smog is extremely common and there is poor visibility throughout the city after rain-less days.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial mainland China

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a substantial health issue

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: rainy climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial mainland China.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog is extremely common

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: rain-less days.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog is extremely common

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution from becoming a substantial health issue,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: rain-less days.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: rain-less days.

text: Austin Heller, the city's commissioner of air pollution control, said he nearly declared a first-stage alert between 6 a.m. and 10 a.m. on November 24. Heller also said the index had reached a high of 60.6, 10 points higher than the "emergency" mark, between 8 and 9 p.m. Heller said at the time that the 60.6 reading was possibly the highest in the city's history. After a nighttime lull, Heller cautioned, the smog would likely spike again in the morning.

text: Austin Heller, the city's commissioner of air pollution control, said he nearly declared a first-stage alert between 6 a.m. and 10 a.m. on November 24. Heller also said the index had reached a high of 60.6, 10 points higher than the "emergency" mark, between 8 and 9 p.m. Heller said at the time that the 60.6 reading was possibly the highest in the city's history. After a nighttime lull, Heller cautioned, the smog would likely spike again in the morning.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Austin Heller,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: November 24.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution control,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 60.6,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 60.6,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution control,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 60.6,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution control,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: November 24.

text: Some VOCs, such as styrene and limonene, can react with nitrogen oxides or with ozone to produce new oxidation products and secondary aerosols, which can cause sensory irritation symptoms. Unspecified VOCs are important in the creation of smog.

text: Some VOCs, such as

text: styrene

text: and

text: limonene

text: , can react with

text: nitrogen oxides

text: or with ozone to produce new oxidation products and secondary aerosols, which can cause sensory irritation symptoms. Unspecified VOCs are important in the creation of

text: smog

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unspecified VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: styrene

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unspecified VOCs

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Some VOCs,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Unspecified VOCs are important in the creation of smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Unspecified VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Some VOCs,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Unspecified VOCs

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Unspecified VOCs

text: Main article: Clean Air Act (1970)

text: Main article:

text: Clean Air Act (1970)

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act (CAA) was enacted in 1970 to reduce air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The Clean Air Act (CAA) is a United States law enacted in 1970 to regulate air pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the Great Depression

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: arid climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog can build up on a winter day because inversions trap pollutants

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Clean Air Act (1970)

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act (1970)

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act (1970)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act

text: A study examining 806 women who had babies with birth defects between 1997 and 2006, and 849 women who had healthy babies, found that smog in the San Joaquin Valley area of California was linked to two types of neural tube defects: spina bifida (a condition involving, among other manifestations, certain malformations of the spinal column), and anencephaly (the underdevelopment or absence of part or all of the brain, which if not fatal usually results in profound impairment).

text: A study examining 806 women who had babies with birth defects between 1997 and 2006, and 849 women who had healthy babies, found that smog in the

text: San Joaquin Valley

text: area of

text: California

text: was linked to two types of

text: neural tube defect

text: s:

text: spina bifida

text: (a condition involving, among other manifestations, certain malformations of the

text: spinal column

text: ), and

text: anencephaly

text: (the underdevelopment or absence of part or all of the brain, which if not fatal usually results in profound impairment).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1997 and 2006

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: San Joaquin Valley

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: San Joaquin Valley

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1997 and 2006,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: San Joaquin Valley

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 806 women who had babies with birth defects between 1997 and 2006,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: San Joaquin Valley area of California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: spina bifida

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: San Joaquin Valley

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: spina bifida

text: The United States (which did not ratify the Kyoto Protocol) has the most experience with domestic emissions trading markets. The Clean Air Act (1970) is a federal law that requires the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop and enforce regulations to protect the general public from exposure to airborne contaminants that are known to be hazardous to human health.  The Clean Air Act (1990) or Clean Air Act amendments of 1990 authorized the use of market-based approaches such as emission trading to assist states in attaining and maintaining air quality for all criteria pollutants.  EPA's subsequent interpretive rulings expressly allow owners of new sources to obtain emission credits from other companies that operate facilities located in the same air quality control region. To implement an emissions offset program, many states have developed regulations allowing sources to register their emissions reduction credits as ERCs that can be sold to companies required to offset emissions from new or modified sources. Brokerage companies typically handle sales between companies having surplus ERCs and those wanting to acquire such credits.

text: The United States (which did not ratify the Kyoto Protocol) has the most experience with domestic emissions trading markets. The

text: Clean Air Act (1970)

text: is a federal law that requires the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) to develop and enforce regulations to protect the general public from exposure to airborne contaminants that are known to be hazardous to human health.  The

text: Clean Air Act (1990)

text: or Clean Air Act amendments of 1990 authorized the use of market-based approaches such as emission trading to assist states in attaining and maintaining air quality for all criteria pollutants.  EPA's subsequent interpretive rulings expressly allow owners of new sources to obtain emission credits from other companies that operate facilities located in the same air quality control region. To implement an emissions offset program, many states have developed regulations allowing sources to register their emissions reduction credits as ERCs that can be sold to companies required to offset emissions from new or modified sources. Brokerage companies typically handle sales between companies having surplus ERCs and those wanting to acquire such credits.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: airborne contaminants that are known to be hazardous to human health

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: emissions trading markets

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: airborne contaminants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: criteria pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Kyoto Protocol)

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous to human health.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Kyoto Protocol)

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: all criteria pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The United States

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Kyoto Protocol)

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: airborne contaminants that are known to be hazardous to human health.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The United States (which did not ratify the Kyoto Protocol)

text: Although recovery can be increased even by repressuring with air, air is seldom used because it causes an inferior quality of product.  Instead carbon dioxide or natural gas itself is used so as to not only increase the recovery from the oil well but also to maintain the high quality of the product.

text: Although recovery can be increased even by repressuring with air, air is seldom used because it causes an inferior quality of product.  Instead carbon dioxide or natural gas itself is used so as to not only increase the recovery from the oil well but also to maintain the high quality of the product.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: natural gas

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air is seldom used because it causes an inferior quality of product.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: oil well

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: inferior quality of product.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: recovery can be increased even by repressuring with air,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air is seldom used because it causes an inferior quality of product.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air,

text: Other aspects of programming include an initiative named "Safa Radio: The Clean Air Campaign" in which the station works with the Nepal Environmental Scientific Society to measure air pollution in Kathmandu and broadcasts information about the capital's air quality. Though prohibited at first from broadcasting news, the station airs summaries of daily news stories in a format mixed with music and broadcasts daily community-news programs. Community access is an important part of programming. There is a daily feature, It's My Turn Now (in which individuals from the community voice their opinions), vox populi segments, listeners' letters and feedback recorded by telephone. In late 1998, Radio Sagarmatha formed a partnership with the BBC World Service; 30 minutes of the BBC Nepali service and 30 minutes of world news in English are heard in, respectively, the evening and morning programme blocks.

text: Other aspects of programming include an initiative named "Safa Radio: The Clean Air Campaign" in which the station works with the Nepal Environmental Scientific Society to measure air pollution in Kathmandu and broadcasts information about the capital's air quality. Though prohibited at first from broadcasting news, the station airs summaries of daily news stories in a format mixed with music and broadcasts daily community-news programs. Community access is an important part of programming. There is a daily feature, It's My Turn Now (in which individuals from the community voice their opinions),

text: vox populi

text: segments, listeners' letters and feedback recorded by telephone. In late 1998, Radio Sagarmatha formed a partnership with the BBC World Service; 30 minutes of the BBC Nepali service and 30 minutes of world news in English are heard in, respectively, the evening and morning programme blocks.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution in Kathmandu

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Campaign"

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1998,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Nepal Environmental Scientific Society to measure air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Nepal Environmental Scientific Society to measure air pollution in Kathmandu

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 30 minutes

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "Safa Radio: The Clean Air Campaign"

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nepal Environmental Scientific Society

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "Safa Radio: The Clean Air Campaign"

text: Chemerical: Redefining Clean for a New Generation is a 2009 documentary directed and executive produced by Nisker that he says grew out of Garbage. He has stated that, "I wanted to look at all the different ways people pollute. I learned that indoor air quality is 10-to-50 times worse than outdoor air quality and it's because of the cleaning products we use and what's in those cleaning products. So I started researching and discovered that by using these products, we are not only compromising our homes and ourselves, but also compromising the water that goes down our drains. These products are unnecessary and expensive and damaging, and I wanted to answer the question, 'Is there a way to live at the same standard but have less of an environmental impact?' And the idea of putting a family to the challenge worked so well with Garbage that I decided to do it again with Chemerical."

text: Chemerical: Redefining Clean for a New Generation is a 2009 documentary directed and executive produced by Nisker that he says grew out of Garbage. He has stated that, "I wanted to look at all the different ways people pollute. I learned that indoor air quality is 10-to-50 times worse than outdoor air quality and it's because of the cleaning products we use and what's in those cleaning products. So I started researching and discovered that by using these products, we are not only compromising our homes and ourselves, but also compromising the water that goes down our drains. These products are unnecessary and expensive and damaging, and I wanted to answer the question, 'Is there a way to live at the same standard but have less of an environmental impact?' And the idea of putting a family to the challenge worked so well with Garbage that I decided to do it again with Chemerical."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Garbage

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: cleaning products we use and what's in those cleaning products.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: New Generation

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality is 10-to-50 times worse than outdoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: cleaning products

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10-to-50 times worse than outdoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: indoor air quality is 10-to-50 times worse than outdoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Garbage.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: water that goes down our drains.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: indoor air quality is 10-to-50 times worse than outdoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: indoor air quality is 10-to-50 times worse than outdoor air quality

text: The Clean Air Act (United States) was passed in 1970 to insure that the general public was protected from harmful levels of criteria pollutants, established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The six regulated criteria pollutants include: Particulate Matter, Lead, Ozone, NO, Carbon Monoxide, and SO. All pollutant levels are calculated by associated health risks that would harm the most sensitive subgroup of people, which are considered to be inner city children. Any major pollution sources must abide by the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants, by using only the Maximum Achievable Control Technology for their industry.

text: The

text: Clean Air Act (United States)

text: was passed in 1970 to insure that the general public was protected from harmful levels of

text: criteria pollutants

text: , established by the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA). The six regulated criteria pollutants include:

text: Particulate Matter

text: Lead

text: Ozone

text: NO

text: Carbon Monoxide

text: , and

text: SO

text: . All pollutant levels are calculated by associated health risks that would harm the most sensitive subgroup of people, which are considered to be inner city children. Any major pollution sources must abide by the

text: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

text: , by using only the Maximum Achievable Control Technology for their industry.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: harmful levels of criteria pollutants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: insure that the general public was protected

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Particulate Matter, Lead

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: All pollutant levels are calculated by associated health risks

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act (United States) was passed in 1970

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: harmful levels of criteria pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: inner city children.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: to insure that the general public was protected from harmful levels of criteria pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: SO.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inner city children.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act

text: The legal authority for federal programs regarding air pollution control is based on the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (1990 CAAA). These are the latest in a series of amendments made to the Clean Air Act (CAA), often referred to as "the Act." This legislation modified and extended federal legal authority provided by the earlier Clean Air Acts of 1963 and 1970.

text: The legal authority for federal programs regarding air pollution control is based on the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (1990 CAAA). These are the latest in a series of amendments made to the Clean Air Act (CAA), often referred to as "the Act." This legislation modified and extended federal legal authority provided by the earlier Clean Air Acts of 1963 and 1970.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the legal authority for federal programs regarding

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution control is based on the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1963

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1963

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments

text: Air quality in Canada has been historically been reported by the USA's Air Quality Index in various provinces.  Significantly, AQI values reflect air quality management objectives, which are based on the lowest achievable emissions rate, and not exclusively concern for human health.  The AQHI was created with a different goal - to report on the specific health risks posed by air pollution.  As such, the AQHI represents a paradigm shift in communicating air quality information to the public.

text: Air quality in

text: Canada

text: has been historically been reported by the

text: USA's Air Quality Index

text: in various provinces.  Significantly, AQI values reflect air quality management objectives, which are based on the lowest achievable emissions rate, and not exclusively concern for human health.  The AQHI was created with a different goal - to report on the specific health risks posed by air pollution.  As such, the AQHI represents a paradigm shift in communicating air quality information to the public.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQHI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what was created with a different goal

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: not exclusively concern for human health.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: USA's Air Quality Index in various provinces.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: health risks

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: emissions rate,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: lowest achievable emissions rate,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: USA's Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: emissions rate,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: emissions rate,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: USA's Air Quality Index in various provinces.

text: The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed an Air Quality Index that is used to report air quality. This AQI is divided into six categories indicating increasing levels of health concern. An AQI value over 300 represents hazardous air quality and below 50 the air quality is good.

text: The

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) has developed an Air Quality Index that is used to report air quality. This AQI is divided into six categories indicating increasing levels of health concern. An AQI value over 300 represents hazardous air quality and below 50 the air quality is good.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: AQI

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: increasing levels of health concern.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 300

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: An AQI value over 300

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: increasing levels of health concern.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 300

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Quality Index that is used to report air quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 300

text: With some industry-specific exceptions, Canadian air pollution regulation was traditionally handled at the provincial level. However, under the authority of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, the country has recently enacted a national program called the Canadian Air Quality Management System (AQMS). The program includes five main regulatory mechanisms: the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS); Base Level Industrial Emission Requirements (BLIERs) (emissions controls and technology); management of local air quality through the management of Local Air Zones; management of regional air quality through the management of Regional Airsheds; and collaboration to reduce mobile source emissions.

text: With some industry-specific exceptions, Canadian air pollution regulation was traditionally handled at the provincial level. However, under the authority of the

entity_name: Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999

text: Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999

text: , the country has recently enacted a national program called the Canadian Air Quality Management System (AQMS). The program includes five main regulatory mechanisms: the Canadian Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS); Base Level Industrial Emission Requirements (BLIERs) (emissions controls and technology); management of local air quality through the management of Local Air Zones; management of regional air quality through the management of Regional Airsheds; and collaboration to reduce mobile source emissions.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what does the aqms regulate

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: mobile source emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: airsheds

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industry-specific exceptions,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Canadian air pollution regulation was traditionally handled at the provincial level.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: mobile source emissions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: five

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Canadian Air Quality Management System

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: mobile source emissions.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: mobile source emissions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Canadian Air Quality Management System

text: |-align=center|Win || 56-8 ||align=left| Martin David Islas|UD || 6 (6) || 2012-10-20 || align=left|Polideportivo Municipal, Villa San Justo, Entre Rios, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Loss || 55-8 ||align=left| Luis Oscar Juarez|TKO || 3 (4) || 2012-09-08 || align=left|Centro Recreativo Pasteleros, Luis Guillon, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 55-7 ||align=left| Marcelo Ulises Ponce|TKO || 4 (10) || 2012-08-10 || align=left|Club Parque Sur, Concepción del Uruguay, Entre Rios, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Loss || 54-7 ||align=left| Artur Szpilka|KO || 4 (10) || 2012-06-02 || align=left|Hala Luczniczka, ul. Toruńska 59, Bydgoszcz, Poland|align=left|For Vacant WBC Baltic Silver heavyweight title<br>vacant WBC Youth Silver heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 54-6 ||align=left| Ademar Leonardo Correa |KO || 1 (6) || 2012-04-07 || align=left|Club Atlético y Soc. Villa Calzada, Rafael Calzada, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 53-6 || align=left| Jose Maria Rodriguez Olivera|KO || 2 (8) || 2011-12-16 || align=left|Polideportivo Municipal, Nogoya, Entre Rios, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Loss || 52-6 || align=left| Emilio Ezequiel Zárate|SD || 8 (8) || 2011-11-05 || align=left|Club Banco Provincia, City Bell, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 52-5 || align=left| Manuel Alberto Pucheta |UD || 12 (12) || 2011-09-17 || align=left|Ce.De.M. N° 2, Caseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Win interim WBO Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 51-5 || align=left| Miguel Ángel Morales |UD || 12 (12) || 2011-06-04 || align=left|Ce.De.M. N° 1, Caseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|-align=center|Win || 50-5 || align=left| Manuel Alberto Pucheta |SD || 8 (8) || 2011-04-30 || align=left|Club Once Unidos, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|-align=center|Win || 49-5 || align=left| Emilio Ezequiel Zárate|UD || 6 (6) || 2011-03-11 || align=left|Ce.De.M. N° 2, Caseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Loss || 48-5 || align=left| Marcelo Luiz Nascimento|KO || 1 (12) || 2010-10-23 || align=left|Escuela Técnica Nº 1, Salto Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|For WBO Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 48-4 || align=left| Daniel Bispo|UD || 6 (6) || 2010-09-04 || align=left|Club Once Unidos, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 47-4 || align=left| Daniel Bispo|UD || 10 (10) || 2010-07-23 || align=left|Parque Municipal Eva Perón, Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Retain interim WBC Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 46-4 || align=left| Kleber Giovanne Souza Pereira|KO || 2 (6) || 2010-05-29 || align=left|Club Once Unidos, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 45-4 || align=left| Ladislav Slezak|TKO || 2 (6) || 2010-04-09 || align=left|Tivoli Arena, Ljubljana, Slovenia|align=left||-align=center|Win || 44-4 || align=left| Roberto Santa Cruz Justiniano|KO || 1 (6) || 2010-01-23 || align=left|Club Once Unidos, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 43-4 || align=left| Miguel Ángel Morales|UD || 10 (10) || 2009-12-17 || align=left|Unión de Padres Los Toritos, Monte Grande, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Retain interim WBC Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 42-4 || align=left| Saul Farah|RTD || 8 (12) || 2009-11-13 || align=left|Club Atletico Huracan, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal, Argentina|align=left|Won vacant WBC Mundo Hispano heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 41-4 || align=left| Hugo Anibal Abad|RTD || 2 (10) || 2009-04-30 || align=left|Luna Park, Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires|align=left|Retain interim WBC Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 40-4 || align=left| Sergio Martin Beaz|UD || 6 (6) || 2009-03-21 || align=left|Sociedad Rural, Junín, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 39-4 || align=left| Daniel Frank|RTD || 3 (12) || 2009-02-14 || align=left|Club Once Unidos, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Retain WBO Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 38-4 || align=left| Cesar Gustavo Acevedo|KO || 2 (6) || 2009-01-17 || align=left|Polideportivo Municipal, Monte Hermoso, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Retain WBO Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 37-4 || align=left| Sergio Martin Beaz|UD || 8 (8) || 2008-12-12 || align=left|Club El Riojano, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 36-4 || align=left| Dany Lobo|RTD || 4 (10) || 2008-11-14 || align=left|Unión de Padres Los Toritos, Monte Grande, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 35-4 || align=left| Raphael Zumbano Love|UD || 12 (12) || 2008-09-26 || align=left|Ce.De.M. N° 2, Caseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Won vacant WBO Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 34-4 || align=left| Ademar Leonardo Correa|KO || 4 (10) || 2008-08-15 || align=left|Unión de Padres Los Toritos, Monte Grande, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Retain interim WBC Mundo Hispano heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 33-4 || align=left| Claudio Roque Fernandez|UD || 10 (10) || 2008-07-11 || align=left|Unión de Padres Los Toritos, Monte Grande, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Retain interim WBC Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Loss || 32-4 || align=left| Cesar Gustavo Acevedo|TKO || 5 (12) || 2008-04-26 || align=left|Ce.De.M. N° 2, Caseros, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|For South American heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 32-3 || align=left| Mauro Aparecido Gomes|TKO || 2 (10) || 2008-03-14 || align=left|Sociedad de Fomento Rafael Castillo, Rafael Castillo, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 31-3 || align=left| Aldo Moreira da Silva|UD || 6 (6) || 2007-12-21 || align=left|Club Deportivo Moron, Moron, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Loss || 30-3 || align=left| Cesar Gustavo Acevedo|KO || 1 (12) || 2007-11-17 || align=left|Club Atletico Independiente, Avellaneda, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|For vacant South American heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 30-2 || align=left| Ademar Leonardo Correa|UD || 6 (6) || 2007-07-06 || align=left|Club Social y Deportivo Colon, Chivilcoy, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 29-2 || align=left| Marcos Celestino|KO || 2 (10) || 2007-03-31 || align=left|Club Deportivo Moron, Moron, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 28-2 || align=left| Sergio Martin Beaz|SD || 6 (6) || 2007-02-10 || align=left|Club El Inca, San Francisco Solano, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 27-2 || align=left| Luis Oscar Ricail|UD || 6 (6) || 2007-01-13 || align=left|Club Atletico Quilmes, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 26-2 || align=left| Cesar Gustavo Acevedo|SD || 6 (6) || 2006-12-16 || align=left|Club Atletico Independiente, Avellaneda, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Loss || 25-2 || align=left| Alexander Dimitrenko|KO || 1 (12) || 2006-10-28 || align=left|Porsche-Arena, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany|align=left|For WBO Inter-Continental Heavyweight title.|-align=center|Win || 25-1 || align=left| Edegar Da Silva|UD || 10 (10) || 2006-08-11 || align=left|Club Atletico Huracan, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal|align=left||-align=center|Win || 24-1 || align=left| Mariano Ramon Ocampo|UD || 8 (8) || 2006-07-12 || align=left|Club Atletico Independiente, Avellaneda, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 23-1 || align=left| Ricardo Zenon Pereyra|KO || 1 (10) || 2006-06-08 || align=left|Club 22 de Octubre, Chivilcoy, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center

text: |-align=center|Win || 56-8 ||align=left| Martin David Islas|UD || 6 (6) || 2012-10-20 || align=left|Polideportivo Municipal, Villa San Justo, Entre Rios, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Loss || 55-8 ||align=left| Luis Oscar Juarez|TKO || 3 (4) || 2012-09-08 || align=left|Centro Recreativo Pasteleros, Luis Guillon, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 55-7 ||align=left| Marcelo Ulises Ponce|TKO || 4 (10) || 2012-08-10 || align=left|Club Parque Sur, Concepción del Uruguay, Entre Rios, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Loss || 54-7 ||align=left|

text: Artur Szpilka

text: Daniel Bispo

text: |UD || 6 (6) || 2010-09-04 || align=left|Club Once Unidos, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 47-4 || align=left|

text: Daniel Bispo

text: |UD || 10 (10) || 2010-07-23 || align=left|Parque Municipal Eva Perón, Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Retain interim WBC Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 46-4 || align=left| Kleber Giovanne Souza Pereira|KO || 2 (6) || 2010-05-29 || align=left|Club Once Unidos, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 45-4 || align=left| Ladislav Slezak|TKO || 2 (6) || 2010-04-09 || align=left|Tivoli Arena, Ljubljana, Slovenia|align=left||-align=center|Win || 44-4 || align=left| Roberto Santa Cruz Justiniano|KO || 1 (6) || 2010-01-23 || align=left|Club Once Unidos, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 43-4 || align=left| Miguel Ángel Morales|UD || 10 (10) || 2009-12-17 || align=left|Unión de Padres Los Toritos, Monte Grande, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left|Retain interim WBC Latino heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 42-4 || align=left| Saul Farah|RTD || 8 (12) || 2009-11-13 || align=left|Club Atletico Huracan, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal, Argentina|align=left|Won vacant WBC Mundo Hispano heavyweight title|-align=center|Win || 41-4 || align=left| Hugo Anibal Abad|RTD || 2 (10) || 2009-04-30 || align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: Buenos Aires

text: Alexander Dimitrenko

text: |KO || 1 (12) || 2006-10-28 || align=left|Porsche-Arena, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany|align=left|For

text: WBO

text: Inter-Continental Heavyweight title.|-align=center|Win || 25-1 || align=left| Edegar Da Silva|UD || 10 (10) || 2006-08-11 || align=left|Club Atletico Huracan, Buenos Aires, Distrito Federal|align=left||-align=center|Win || 24-1 || align=left| Mariano Ramon Ocampo|UD || 8 (8) || 2006-07-12 || align=left|Club Atletico Independiente, Avellaneda, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center|Win || 23-1 || align=left| Ricardo Zenon Pereyra|KO || 1 (10) || 2006-06-08 || align=left|Club 22 de Octubre, Chivilcoy, Buenos Aires, Argentina|align=left||-align=center

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: All air pollutants are human-made materials.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a major problem in the world

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollution from cars

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: As of 2013, the Clean Air Act regulates this many pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: california is the smoggiest city in the united states.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Clean Air Act of 1970 (CAA) was a law passed by the United States Congress in 1970 to combat air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: the following six important pollutants:

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1 (6) || 2012-04-07

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2011-12-16

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: 2 (8)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 2012-06-02

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2 (8)

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Buenos Aires,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Buenos Aires,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1 (6)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 54-7

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Vacant WBC Baltic Silver heavyweight

text: Various air quality measures are undertaken before and after the Olympics Games. Research studies demonstrate that the primary method to reduce concentrations of air pollutants is traffic control, including barring heavy vehicles from the roads. For the Beijing Olympics, vehicles not meeting the Euro 1 emission standards were also banned from the roads, and the odd-even rule was implemented in the Beijing administrative area. Additional air quality improvement measures include replacing coal with natural gas, suspending construction and/or imposing strict dust control on construction sites, closing or relocating the polluting industrial plants, building long subway lines, using cleaner fluid in power plants, and reducing the activity by some of the polluting factories. These were several air quality improvement measures implemented by the Beijing government. There, levels of primary and secondary pollutants were reduced, and good air quality was recorded during the Beijing Olympics on most of the days.

text: Various air quality measures are undertaken before and after the Olympics Games. Research studies demonstrate that the primary method to reduce concentrations of air pollutants is traffic control, including barring heavy vehicles from the roads. For the Beijing Olympics, vehicles not meeting the Euro 1 emission standards were also banned from the roads, and the odd-even rule was implemented in the Beijing administrative area. Additional air quality improvement measures include replacing coal with natural gas, suspending construction and/or imposing strict dust control on construction sites, closing or relocating the polluting industrial plants, building long subway lines, using cleaner fluid in power plants, and reducing the activity by some of the polluting factories. These were several air quality improvement measures implemented by the Beijing government. There, levels of primary and secondary pollutants were reduced, and good air quality was recorded during the Beijing Olympics on most of the days.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Olympics Games

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: secondary pollutants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: heavy vehicles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: primary and secondary pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: reducing the activity by some of the polluting factories.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Beijing Olympics

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: traffic control,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: traffic control, including barring heavy vehicles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: primary and secondary

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Various air quality measures are undertaken before and after the Olympics Games.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: reduce concentrations of air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: primary and secondary

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: traffic control,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: good air quality was recorded during the Beijing Olympics

text: Air quality monitoring has improved in recent years and it is now possible to compare BC communities on a variety of measures. Comparative data on four measures—fine particulate matter, ground-level ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulpher dioxide—shows the Fraser Valley to rank lower than Vancouver on several measures of air quality. For example, Fraser Valley communities had less than half the levels of nitrogen dioxide, and were lower in fine particulate matter and sulphur dioxide (on the latter measure, Abbotsford and Chilliwack were among the lowest of all BC sites).

text: Air quality monitoring has improved in recent years and it is now possible to compare BC communities on a variety of measures. Comparative data on four measures—

text: fine particulate matter

text: ground-level ozone

text: nitrogen dioxide

text: and

text: sulpher dioxide

text: —shows the Fraser Valley to rank lower than Vancouver on several measures of air quality. For example, Fraser Valley communities had less than half the levels of nitrogen dioxide, and were lower in fine particulate matter and sulphur dioxide (on the latter measure, Abbotsford and Chilliwack were among the lowest of all BC sites).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: fine particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fine particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: measures—fine particulate matter,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air quality monitoring has improved in recent years

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: measures—fine particulate matter,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Fraser Valley

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: four

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Vancouver

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air quality monitoring has improved in recent years

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: measures—fine particulate matter, ground-level ozone,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air quality monitoring has improved in recent years

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Vancouver

text: The South Coast Air Basin area encompassed by the SCAQMD amounts to about 10,750 square miles (27,850 square kilometres) and is the second most populated area in the United States. This area has a severe problem with smog, and the SCAQMD has been a leader in the nation's efforts to reduce air pollution emissions. The main office of the SCAQMD is located in the city of Diamond Bar.

text: The

text: South Coast Air Basin

text: area encompassed by the SCAQMD amounts to about 10,750 square miles (27,850 square kilometres) and is the second most populated area in the

text: United States

text: . This area has a severe problem with

text: smog

text: , and the SCAQMD has been a leader in the nation's efforts to reduce

text: air pollution emission

text: s. The main office of the SCAQMD is located in the city of

text: Diamond Bar

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: second most populated area

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: second most populated area in the United States.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution emissions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10,750 square miles (27,850 square kilometres)

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: This area has a severe problem with smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: second most populated

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: second most populated area in the United States.

text: Restrictions upon smoking in bars and restaurants can substantially improve the air quality in such establishments. For example, one study listed on the website of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that New York's statewide law to eliminate smoking in enclosed workplaces and public places substantially reduced RSP (respirable suspended particles) levels in western New York hospitality venues. RSP levels were reduced in every venue that permitted smoking before the law was implemented, including venues in which only second-hand smoke from an adjacent room was observed at baseline. The CDC concluded that their results were similar to other studies which also showed substantially improved indoor air quality after smoking bans were instituted.

text: Restrictions upon smoking in bars and restaurants can substantially improve the air quality in such establishments. For example, one study listed on the website of the U.S.

entity_name: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

text: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

text: states that New York's statewide law to eliminate smoking in enclosed workplaces and public places substantially reduced RSP (respirable suspended particles) levels in western New York hospitality venues. RSP levels were reduced in every venue that permitted smoking before the law was implemented, including venues in which only

text: second-hand smoke

text: from an adjacent room was observed at baseline. The CDC concluded that their results were similar to other studies which also showed substantially improved indoor air quality after smoking bans were instituted.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: RSP (respirable suspended particles

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: RSP

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smoking

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Restrictions upon smoking

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: (respirable suspended particles)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: smoking

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: (respirable suspended particles)

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Restrictions upon smoking in bars and restaurants can substantially improve the air quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Restrictions upon smoking in bars and restaurants can substantially improve the air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: (respirable suspended particles)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smoking

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Restrictions upon smoking in bars and restaurants can substantially improve the air quality

text: In 2003, after selling the plumbing company, Cox founded Quality Air Services, a regional air duct cleaning service provider, within two years Cox had turned it into the leading indoor air quality company in the region.  Cox, along with his partner Don Shumaker, followed that up with the acquisition of a number of smaller demolition companies in the region. This allowed the company to become on of the leading full service environmental, demolition, and industrial services firms in the Southeast and becoming one of ENR Top Specialty Contractors. Cox sold QAS, Inc. in 2014 for an undisclosed amount to a national restoration firm.

text: In 2003, after selling the plumbing company, Cox founded Quality Air Services, a regional air duct cleaning service provider, within two years Cox had turned it into the leading indoor air quality company in the region.  Cox, along with his partner Don Shumaker, followed that up with the acquisition of a number of smaller demolition companies in the region. This allowed the company to become on of the leading full service environmental, demolition, and industrial services firms in the Southeast and becoming one of

text: ENR

text: Top Specialty Contractors. Cox sold QAS, Inc. in 2014 for an undisclosed amount to a national restoration firm.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2000s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Cox, along with his partner Don Shumaker,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: demolition companies

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Top Specialty Contractors.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Cox sold QAS, Inc. in 2014

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: In 2003,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Cox, along with his partner Don Shumaker,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air duct cleaning

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 2014

text: The MOECC works to improve air quality through legislation, targeted programs, and partnership agreements with other neighbouring airsheds. This includes using a network of air quality stations that provide real-time air pollution data. The ministry communicates air quality to the public by providing an Air Quality Index based on ambient levels of ozone, fine particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, and total reduced sulphur compounds.

text: The MOECC works to improve air quality through legislation, targeted programs, and partnership agreements with other neighbouring airsheds. This includes using a network of air quality stations that provide real-time air pollution data. The ministry communicates air quality to the public by providing an Air Quality Index based on ambient levels of

text: ozone

text: fine particulate matter

text: nitrogen dioxide

text: carbon monoxide

text: sulphur dioxide

text: , and total reduced sulphur compounds.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: ozone, fine particulate matter,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: partnership agreements with other neighbouring airsheds.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: legislation, targeted programs, and partnership agreements with other neighbouring airsheds.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: total reduced sulphur compounds.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: improve air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: legislation, targeted programs, and partnership agreements with other neighbouring airsheds.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: partnership agreements with other neighbouring airsheds.

text: In Canada, air pollution and associated health risks are measured with the Air Quality Health Index or (AQHI). It is a health protection tool used to make decisions to reduce short-term exposure to air pollution by adjusting activity levels during increased levels of air pollution.

text: In Canada, air pollution and associated health risks are measured with the

text: Air Quality Health Index

text: or (AQHI). It is a health protection tool used to make decisions to reduce short-term exposure to air pollution by adjusting activity levels during increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQHI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution and associated health risks

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution and associated health risks are measured with the Air Quality Health Index

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air Quality Health Index

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Quality Health Index

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air Quality Health Index

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Quality Health Index

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Health Index

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Quality Health Index

text: This group focuses on the way airports and airlines deal with air quality issues. CATE provides expertise  in air quality modelling and monitoring and provide advice on how emissions can be managed and reduced. The research group, led by Professor David Raper investigates the fundamental processes that control dispersion of pollutants around airports.This group researches the impact of wing tip induced vortices on dispersion of aircraft engine exhaust fumes and led one of three Air Quality Panels for Department for Transport while contributing to another, to review the impact of aircraft emissions on air quality around Heathrow Airport.

text: This group focuses on the way airports and airlines deal with air quality issues. CATE provides expertise  in air quality modelling and monitoring and provide advice on how emissions can be managed and reduced. The research group, led by Professor David Raper investigates the fundamental processes that control

text: dispersion of pollutants around airports

text: .This group researches the impact of wing tip induced vortices on dispersion of aircraft engine exhaust fumes and led one of three Air Quality Panels for

text: Department for Transport

text: while contributing to another, to review the impact of aircraft emissions on air quality around

text: Heathrow Airport

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the main cause of air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: CATE

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: emissions can be managed and reduced.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality issues.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: aircraft engine exhaust fumes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: reduced.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: CATE

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality issues.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: aircraft engine exhaust fumes

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: airports and airlines deal with air quality issues.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: CATE

text: The noxer blocks aim to reduce these pollution levels and therefore lower the amount of photochemical smog.

text: The noxer blocks aim to reduce these

text: pollution

text: levels and therefore lower the amount of photochemical

text: smog

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NOx

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: pollution levels

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The noxer blocks

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollution levels

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The noxer blocks

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: pollution levels

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The noxer blocks

text: Later in that decade, emission control regulation had a major effect on improving the cities air quality. The banning of backyard incinerators in 1987, together with the closure of two local coal fired power stations in 1986 and a 50% decrease in lead levels found in petrol, resulted in a lowering of pollution levels.

text: Later in that decade, emission control regulation had a major effect on improving the cities air quality. The banning of backyard

text: incinerator

text: s in 1987, together with the closure of two local

text: coal

text: fired

text: power station

text: s in 1986 and a 50% decrease in lead levels found in

text: petrol

text: , resulted in a lowering of pollution levels.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: lead levels found in petrol

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: lead levels

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: backyard incinerators

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1987,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emission control regulation had a major effect on improving the cities air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: backyard incinerators

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 50% decrease in lead levels found in petrol,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: emission control regulation had a major effect on improving the cities air quality.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: improving the cities air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: lead

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: coal fired power stations

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The banning of backyard incinerators

text: Air quality laws

text: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: None of the above choices .

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a threat to human health

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 450

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: laws on air quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air quality laws

text: A fixed-price value measure is used to measure changes in quality and quantity. True to its name, prices are kept fixed for a minimum of two measuring situations. For this reason, it is possible to define the changes in quality and quantity of a most varied and wide range of commodities, keeping apart the changes in income distribution. Fixed-price measures are suited for wide-ranging measurement because it is possible to combine different commodities based on their value. In a fixed-price measurement, a change in quality means that the relative quantities and relative prices of various commodities change. The best known applications of this are the productivity formula and the production function. The production function is always presented with fixed-price ratios, i.e., its variables, productivity and volume, are fixed-price values.

text: A fixed-price value measure is used to measure changes in quality and quantity. True to its name, prices are kept fixed for a minimum of two measuring situations. For this reason, it is possible to define the changes in quality and quantity of a most varied and wide range of commodities, keeping apart the changes in income distribution. Fixed-price measures are suited for wide-ranging measurement because it is possible to combine different commodities based on their value. In a fixed-price measurement, a change in quality means that the relative quantities and relative prices of various commodities change. The best known applications of this are the

text: productivity

text: formula and the

text: production function

text: . The production function is always presented with fixed-price ratios, i.e., its variables, productivity and volume, are fixed-price values.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollution of the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Fixed-price measures

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: changes in income distribution.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: A fixed-price value

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: changes in income distribution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: two

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: A fixed-price

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: changes in income distribution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: productivity and volume, are fixed-price values.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: changes in income distribution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Fixed-price measures are suited for wide-ranging measurement

text: This case addressed the Clean Air Act (CAA) and two of its programs, Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) and New Source Performance Standard (NSPS). PSD applies to regulating annual emissions; NSPS pertains to regulating hourly emissions. Each section of the Clean Air Act, that outlines the provisions of the PSD and the NSPS, defines "modification" differently. As a result, the inconsistency of the term "modification" in the CAA becomes the main debate of the case and the main argument for both the plaintiffs and defendants.

text: This case addressed the

text: Clean Air Act

text: (CAA) and two of its programs,

text: Prevention of Significant Deterioration

text: (PSD) and

text: New Source Performance Standard

text: (NSPS). PSD applies to regulating annual emissions; NSPS pertains to regulating hourly emissions. Each section of the Clean Air Act, that outlines the provisions of the PSD and the NSPS, defines "modification" differently. As a result, the inconsistency of the term "modification" in the CAA becomes the main debate of the case and the main argument for both the plaintiffs and defendants.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the main argument for both the plaintiffs and defendants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: significant deterioration

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: New Source Performance Standard

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: emissions;

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions;

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: annual emissions;

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Prevention of Significant Deterioration

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Prevention of Significant Deterioration

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act

text: Thus the immediate consequence of the arson sabotage was a dramatic regional decrease in air quality, causing respiratory problems for many Kuwaitis and those in neighboring countries.

text: Thus the immediate consequence of the arson sabotage was a dramatic regional decrease in

text: air quality

text: , causing respiratory problems for many Kuwaitis and those in neighboring countries.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: causing respiratory problems

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: arson

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: arson sabotage

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: arson sabotage

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: arson sabotage was a dramatic regional decrease in air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: arson sabotage

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: arson sabotage was a dramatic regional decrease in air quality,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: arson sabotage was a dramatic regional decrease in air quality,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: arson sabotage

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: arson sabotage was a dramatic regional decrease in air quality,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: arson sabotage was a dramatic regional decrease in air quality,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: arson sabotage was a dramatic regional decrease in air quality,

text: As air pollution in China is at an all-time high, several northern cities are among one of the most polluted cities and has one of the worst air quality in China. Reporting on China's Airpocalypse has been accompanied by what seems like a monochromatic slideshow of the country's several cities smothered in thick smog. According to a survey made by "Global voices China" in February 2013, Zhengzhou is among China's 10 most polluted cities. Other cities on the blacklist includes major Chinese cities like Beijing, Jinan, Shijiazhuang, and 6 other prefectural cities all in Hebei Province.

text: As air pollution in China is at an all-time high, several northern cities are among one of the most polluted cities and has one of the worst air quality in China. Reporting on China's

text: Airpocalypse

text: has been accompanied by what seems like a monochromatic slideshow of the country's several cities smothered in thick smog. According to a survey made by "Global voices China" in February 2013, Zhengzhou is among China's 10 most polluted cities. Other cities on the blacklist includes major Chinese cities like

text: Beijing

text: Jinan

text: Shijiazhuang

text: , and 6 other prefectural cities all in

text: Hebei

text: Province.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: China is at an all-time high

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Airpocalypse

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: all-time high,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 6

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Zhengzhou is among China's 10 most polluted cities.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Airpocalypse

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Hebei Province.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: several northern cities

text: The Weather Network has designated Windsor as "the smog capital of Canada." Windsor's Citizens Environment Alliance holds a yearly art event entitled Smogfest to raise awareness of air quality issues.

text: The Weather Network

text: has designated Windsor as "the smog capital of Canada." Windsor's

text: Citizens Environment Alliance

text: holds a yearly art event entitled Smogfest to raise awareness of air quality issues.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Weather Network has designated Windsor as "the smog capital of Canada."

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Weather Network has designated Windsor as "the smog capital of Canada."

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Canada."

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "the smog capital of Canada."

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Weather Network has designated Windsor as "the smog capital of Canada."

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "the smog capital of Canada."

text: The Smog is a living radioactive cloud that was created by a different mixture of chemicals in the air of London. It thinks of no one but itself and consuming new gases to add to its mixture. It is also hungry for knowledge and absorbs any information contained in books that are burned and their smoke added to the mixture. The Smog attacked London years ago but was beaten by the "Klinneract", which was really the 1956 Clean Air Act; it then seeped into UnLondon and is now trying to take over UnLondon. Working for it is Brokkenbroll, the leader of unbrellas, or broken umbrellas from London. It creates servants from its Smog, such as Smombies (corpses re-animated with Smog), Smoglodytes (disfigured creatures made from Smog), and Stink-Junkies (humans forced to be addicted to the Smog).

text: The Smog is a living radioactive cloud that was created by a different

text: mixture of chemicals in the air of London

text: . It thinks of no one but itself and consuming new gases to add to its mixture. It is also hungry for knowledge and absorbs any information contained in books that are burned and their smoke added to the mixture. The Smog attacked London years ago but was beaten by the "Klinneract", which was really the 1956 Clean Air Act; it then seeped into UnLondon and is now trying to take over UnLondon. Working for it is Brokkenbroll, the leader of unbrellas, or broken umbrellas from London. It creates servants from its Smog, such as Smombies (corpses re-animated with Smog), Smoglodytes (disfigured creatures made from Smog), and Stink-Junkies (humans forced to be addicted to the Smog).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1956 Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1956 Clean Air Act;

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act;

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1956 Clean Air Act; it then seeped into UnLondon

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1956 Clean Air Act;

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act;

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Smog

text: There are only six centers for air quality measurement in the entire country. The air pollution arises from traffic, and industrial activities.  Air pollution significantly increases during the winter and in urban areas, due to very specific geographic positions and temperature changes. For example, since Sarajevo is located in a valley, gas-emissions become trapped in the area, with very little wind to clear it out. This causes heavy and thick smog that lingers for days in the city.  In December of 2016, the pollution levels reached 50 ug/m3 and above, which is the cap for legally allowed air pollution. In Sarajevo, NO2 levels were above the legally allowed level, and levels higher than the WHO safe air level standards.

text: There are only six centers for air quality measurement in the entire country. The air pollution arises from traffic, and industrial activities.  Air pollution significantly increases during the winter and in urban areas, due to very specific geographic positions and temperature changes. For example, since Sarajevo is located in a valley, gas-emissions become trapped in the area, with very little wind to clear it out. This causes heavy and thick smog that lingers for days in the city.  In December of 2016, the pollution levels reached 50 ug/m3 and above, which is the cap for legally allowed air pollution. In Sarajevo, NO2 levels were above the legally allowed level, and levels higher than the WHO safe air level standards.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: winter

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: from traffic, and industrial activities

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial activities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NO2

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: valley

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: traffic, and industrial activities.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: winter and in urban areas,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The air pollution arises from traffic, and industrial activities.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: traffic, and industrial activities.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 50 ug/m3

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air pollution significantly increases during the winter and in urban areas,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: traffic, and industrial activities.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: very specific geographic positions and temperature changes.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: temperature changes.

text: Dale Johnston in Lost in the Suburbs described a cultural and political gap that occurred in New Jersey and Ontario in the early 1990s when suburban voters began to outnumber urban or rural voters, and began to perceive that they were paying taxes to provide urban areas with services that were not duplicated in their community.  Meanwhile, suburban communities would export problems to the cities, typically in the form of drug addicts, homelessness, smog, prostitution and other crimes serving suburban residents, and the need to accommodate a large number of commuters and their sewage and parking requirements.  As downtown residents and suburban voters became estranged, each perceived themselves subsidizing the other, and accordingly a common solution, called in both New Jersey and Ontario the Common Sense Revolution, transferred funds from urban needs to suburban sprawl, triggering a decline in urban quality of life in both places, as population further spread out and downtowns became more hostile to suburban visitors.

text: Dale Johnston

text: in Lost in the Suburbs described a cultural and political gap that occurred in

text: New Jersey

text: and

text: Ontario

text: in the early 1990s when suburban voters began to outnumber urban or rural voters, and began to perceive that they were paying taxes to provide urban areas with services that were not duplicated in their community.  Meanwhile, suburban communities would export problems to the cities, typically in the form of

text: drug addict

text: s,

text: homelessness

text: smog

text: prostitution

text: and other crimes serving suburban residents, and the need to accommodate a large number of

text: commuter

text: s and their

text: sewage

text: and

text: parking

text: requirements.  As downtown residents and suburban voters became estranged, each perceived themselves subsidizing the other, and accordingly a common solution, called in both New Jersey and Ontario the

text: Common Sense Revolution

text: , transferred funds from urban needs to suburban sprawl, triggering a decline in urban quality of life in both places, as population further spread out and downtowns became more hostile to suburban visitors.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: suburban communities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban sprawl

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: early 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: suburban communities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: suburban communities

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Common Sense Revolution,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: a large number of commuters and their sewage and parking requirements.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: suburban communities would export problems to the cities,

text: In 2003, Blumenthal and the Attorneys General of 8 other states (New York, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Vermont) filed a federal lawsuit against the Bush Administration for "endangering air quality by gutting a critical component of the federal Clean Air Act." The suit alleged that changes in the Act would have exempted thousands of industrial air pollution sources from the Act’s New Source Review provision and that the new rules and regulations would lead to an increase in air pollution.

text: In 2003, Blumenthal and the Attorneys General of 8 other states (New York, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Rhode Island, and Vermont) filed a federal lawsuit against the Bush Administration for "endangering air quality by gutting a critical component of the federal Clean Air Act." The suit alleged that changes in the Act would have exempted thousands of industrial air pollution sources from the Act’s New Source Review provision and that the new rules and regulations would lead to an increase in air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Bush Administration

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: industrial

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: New Source Review

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industrial air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Bush Administration

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial air pollution sources

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: thousands

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: increase in air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Bush Administration for "endangering air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: New Source Review

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: increase in air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act."

text: Prior to the passage of the federal Clean Air Act of 1970 and other local and state regulations in the late 60s, New York City suffered severe smog, with several instances of major smog events like the 1966 New York City smog.

text: Prior to the passage of the federal

text: Clean Air Act of 1970

text: and other local and state regulations in the late 60s, New York City suffered severe

text: smog

text: , with several instances of major smog events like the

text: 1966 New York City smog

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: late 60s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1970

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Prior to the passage of the federal Clean Air Act of 1970

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: New York City suffered severe smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Prior to the passage of the federal Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Prior to the passage of the federal Clean Air Act of 1970

text: In the United States, BAT or similar terminology is used in the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act.

text: In the

text: United States

text: , BAT or similar terminology is used in the

text: Clean Air Act

text: and

text: Clean Water Act

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: BAT

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: BAT or similar terminology is used in the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: BAT

text: In addition to BRT advocacy, Hook has called for the enactment of a series of "livability" initiatives in U.S. cities.  Such measures would include the creation of traffic demand management and congestion pricing systems similar to those implemented in London and Stockholm, ready access to efficient public transit, and the improvement and expansion of basic public amenities such as parks.  He claims these developments would bolster urban viability, and have the effect of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, suburban sprawl, and traffic congestion.  Additionally, they would improve air quality and reduce the incidence of respiratory disease, while creating a commensurate increase in quality of life for city dwellers, factors he asserts are critical for a city's economic growth and the satisfaction of their voter bases.

text: In addition to BRT advocacy, Hook has called for the enactment of a series of "livability" initiatives in

text: U.S.

text: cities.  Such measures would include the creation of

text: traffic demand management

text: and

text: congestion pricing

text: systems similar to those implemented in

text: London

text: and

text: Stockholm

text: , ready access to efficient

text: public transit

text: , and the improvement and expansion of basic public amenities such as parks.  He claims these developments would bolster

text: urban

text: viability, and have the effect of reducing

text: greenhouse gas

text: emissions,

text: suburban sprawl

text: , and

text: traffic congestion

text: .  Additionally, they would improve

text: air quality

text: and reduce the incidence of

text: respiratory disease

text: , while creating a commensurate increase in

text: quality of life

text: for city dwellers, factors he asserts are critical for a city's economic growth and the satisfaction of their voter bases.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: suburban sprawl

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: respiratory disease,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: suburban sprawl,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: reducing greenhouse gas emissions, suburban sprawl, and traffic congestion.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: greenhouse gas emissions,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: suburban sprawl,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: improve air quality and reduce the incidence of respiratory disease,

text: The machine, whose height is reported to be between , includes two bronze wind scoops that turn in opposite directions. It also indicates the temperature (when 20 °F or above) via vertical colored lights along the sculpture's stem. Measured by an internal gauge, the machine displays blue lights for below freezing, white lights for above freezing and red lights to mark every ten degrees (°F). Referring to an additional light system (below the stainless steel globe) that indicates air quality, The Oregonian reported in 1988 that a green light indicates good air quality, amber reflects "semismoggy" air and a red light indicates poor air quality. However, in 1998 one writer for The Oregonian warned: "you don't want to breathe so much when the white light is on". Pioneer Courthouse Square employees enter air quality information into the machine's computer following routine checks with the Department of Environmental Quality.

text: The machine, whose height is reported to be between , includes two bronze

text: wind scoops

text: that turn in opposite directions. It also indicates the temperature (when 20

text: °F

text: or above) via vertical colored lights along the sculpture's stem. Measured by an internal gauge, the machine displays blue lights for below freezing, white lights for above freezing and red lights to mark every ten degrees (°F). Referring to an additional light system (below the

text: stainless steel

text: globe) that indicates air quality, The Oregonian reported in 1988 that a green light indicates good air quality, amber reflects "semismoggy" air and a red light indicates poor air quality. However, in 1998 one writer for The Oregonian warned: "you don't want to breathe so much when the white light is on". Pioneer Courthouse Square employees enter air quality information into the machine's computer following routine checks with the Department of Environmental Quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what does amber reflects

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: amber

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Department of Environmental Quality.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1998

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: amber reflects "semismoggy"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: "semismoggy" air

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: between,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: amber

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1988

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Department of Environmental Quality.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Department of Environmental Quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: amber

text: In 2010, the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) announced that the new service was expected to be operational in October 2015; interim air quality offset measures would need to be taken if the project missed December 2014 deadline as expected. In August 2011, MassDOT announced that opening of the Extension would be postponed to Fall (Q3 or Q4) 2018 at the earliest, with some stations not opening until 2019. The stated reason was difficulties in land acquisition, plus implied concerns about cost controls and financing. Interim air-quality improvement measures will be necessary due to the project delays. Possibilities include extending Green Line branches to Lechmere, increased bus service in Somerville and Medford, and temporary or permanent commuter rail stops along the GLX corridor. In September 2014, the target date for start of service was pushed back to 2020.

text: In 2010, the

entity_name: Massachusetts Department of Transportation

text: Massachusetts Department of Transportation

text: (MassDOT) announced that the new service was expected to be operational in October 2015; interim air quality offset measures would need to be taken if the project missed December 2014 deadline as expected. In August 2011, MassDOT announced that opening of the Extension would be postponed to Fall (Q3 or Q4) 2018 at the earliest, with some stations not opening until 2019. The stated reason was difficulties in land acquisition, plus implied concerns about cost controls and financing. Interim air-quality improvement measures will be necessary due to the project delays. Possibilities include extending Green Line branches to Lechmere, increased bus service in Somerville and Medford, and temporary or permanent commuter rail stops along the GLX corridor. In September 2014, the target date for start of service was pushed back to 2020.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 2020.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2020.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: interim air quality offset measures

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: difficulties in land acquisition,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2020.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 2020.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality offset measures

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 2020.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: difficulties in land acquisition,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 2020.

text: The Met Office issues air quality forecasts made using NAME, the Met Office's medium-to-long-range atmospheric dispersion model. It was developed as a nuclear accident model following the Chernobyl accident in 1986, but has since evolved into an all-purpose dispersion model capable of predicting the transport, transformation and deposition of a wide class of airborne materials. NAME is used operationally by the Met Office as an emergency response model as well as for routine air quality forecasting. Aerosol dispersion is calculated using the UKCA model.

text: The Met Office issues

text: air quality

text: forecasts made using

text: NAME

text: , the Met Office's medium-to-long-range

text: atmospheric dispersion model

text: . It was developed as a nuclear accident model following the

text: Chernobyl accident

text: in 1986, but has since evolved into an all-purpose dispersion model capable of predicting the transport, transformation and deposition of a wide class of airborne materials. NAME is used operationally by the Met Office as an emergency response model as well as for routine air quality forecasting. Aerosol dispersion is calculated using the

entity_name: United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosols model

text: UKCA

text: model.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: aerosol dispersion

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nuclear accident

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: airborne materials

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: a wide class of airborne materials.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Chernobyl accident in 1986,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: airborne materials.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Chernobyl accident

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: a wide class of airborne materials.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NAME,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Chernobyl accident

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Chernobyl accident in 1986,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Chernobyl accident

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NAME,

text: After receiving complaints about Beverly's oil installation, the region's air-quality agency investigated Venoco Oil (doing business as Venoco, Inc) and in 2003 issued three Notices of Violation regarding the operation of the drilling island. Venoco, Inc's penalty settlement included requirements that the company maintain continuous air quality monitoring at the high school, and prevent any oilfield gas (which is primarily methane gas) from being released into the atmosphere.

text: After receiving complaints about Beverly's oil installation, the region's air-quality agency investigated Venoco Oil (doing business as Venoco, Inc) and in 2003 issued three Notices of Violation regarding the operation of the drilling island. Venoco, Inc's penalty settlement included requirements that the company maintain continuous air quality monitoring at the high school, and prevent any oilfield gas (which is primarily methane gas) from being released into the atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2000s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: oilfield gas

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: methane

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: methane gas

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: methane gas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: oilfield gas

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2003

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: methane gas)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: oil installation,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: three

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: After receiving complaints about Beverly's

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Beverly's oil installation,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: methane gas)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: oil installation,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: primarily methane gas) from being released into the atmosphere.

text: Common air quality index legend:

text: Common air quality index legend:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: None

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 20th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: common air quality index

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 137

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality index

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Common air quality index

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Common air quality index

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Common air quality index

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Common air quality index

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Common air quality index

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Common air quality index

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Common air quality index

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Common air quality index

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Common air quality index

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Common air quality index

text: Photolysis occurs in the atmosphere as part of a series of reactions by which primary pollutants such as hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides react to form secondary pollutants such as peroxyacyl nitrates. See photochemical smog.

text: Photolysis occurs in the atmosphere as part of a series of reactions by which primary

text: pollutants

text: such as

text: hydrocarbons

text: and

text: nitrogen oxides

text: react to form secondary pollutants such as

text: peroxyacyl nitrates

text: . See

text: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: hydrocarbons

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: hydrocarbons

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: primary pollutants

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: primary pollutants such as hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: peroxyacyl nitrates.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Photolysis

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: photochemical smog.

text: The immense problem with air pollution (smog) that had developed by the early 1970s also caused a backlash. With schools being closed routinely in urban areas for "smog days" when the ozone levels became too unhealthy and the hills surrounding urban areas seldom visible even within a mile, Californians were ready for changes. Over the next three decades, California enacted some of the strictest anti-smog regulations in the United States and has been a leader in encouraging nonpolluting strategies for various industries, including automobiles. For example, carpool lanes normally allow only vehicles with two/three or more occupants (whether the base number is two or three depends on what freeway you are on), but electric cars can use the lanes with only a single occupant. As a result, smog is significantly reduced from its peak, although local Air Quality Management Districts still monitor the air and generally encourage people to avoid polluting activities on hot days when smog is expected to be at its worst.

text: The immense problem with

text: air pollution

text: smog

text: ) that had developed by the early 1970s also caused a backlash. With schools being closed routinely in urban areas for "smog days" when the

text: ozone

text: levels became too unhealthy and the hills surrounding urban areas seldom visible even within a mile, Californians were ready for changes. Over the next three decades, California enacted some of the strictest anti-smog regulations in the United States and has been a leader in encouraging nonpolluting strategies for various industries, including automobiles. For example,

text: carpool lane

text: s normally allow only vehicles with two/three or more occupants (whether the base number is two or three depends on what freeway you are on), but

text: electric car

text: s can use the lanes with only a single occupant. As a result, smog is significantly reduced from its peak, although local

text: Air Quality Management

text: Districts still monitor the air and generally encourage people to avoid polluting activities on hot days when smog is expected to be at its worst.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: early 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone levels

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the immense problem with air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: (smog) that had developed by the early 1970s

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: early 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: (smog)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone levels became too unhealthy

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: two/three

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: (smog)

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hills surrounding urban areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: hot days

text: Six of the governor-appointed board members are chosen from regional air pollution control or air quality management districts, including one each from:

text: Six of the governor-appointed board members are chosen from regional

text: air pollution control or air quality management district

text: s, including one each from:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: '90s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: control

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: regional air pollution control or air quality management districts,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: regional air pollution control or air quality management districts,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality management districts,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: regional air pollution control or air quality management districts,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: regional air pollution control or air quality management districts,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: regional air pollution control or air quality management districts,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: regional air pollution control or air quality management districts,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: regional air pollution control or air quality management districts,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: regional air pollution control or air quality management districts,

text: s, inorganic compounds, hydrocarbons and the secondary pollutant photochemical smog. These pollutants have negative impact on people’s health as they can cause respiratory illnesses, asthma or even death. Dust falls are also an issue in areas with a high traffic density.

text: s,

text: inorganic compound

text: s,

text: hydrocarbon

text: s and the secondary pollutant

text: photochemical smog

text: . These pollutants have negative impact on people’s

text: health

text: as they can cause respiratory illnesses,

text: asthma

text: or even death. Dust falls are also an issue in areas with a high traffic density.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: dust falls

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: hydrocarbons

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high traffic

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: s,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: high traffic density.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: s,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: s, inorganic compounds, hydrocarbons

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high traffic density.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: photochemical smog.

text: Beckman recognized that air quality would not improve overnight. His work with air quality continued for years, and brought him national attention.  In 1967, Beckman was appointed to the Federal Air Quality Board for a four-year term, by President Richard Nixon.

text: Beckman recognized that air quality would not improve overnight. His work with air quality continued for years, and brought him national attention.  In 1967, Beckman was appointed to the Federal Air Quality Board for a four-year term, by President

text: Richard Nixon

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Beckman's work

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Beckman was appointed to the Federal Air Quality Board

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1967,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality would not improve overnight.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Federal Air Quality Board

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Beckman recognized that air quality would not improve overnight.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality would not improve overnight.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Federal Air Quality Board

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality would not improve overnight.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Beckman recognized that air quality would not improve overnight.

text: The burgeoning population of Salt Lake City and the surrounding metropolitan area, combined with its geographical situation, has led to air quality becoming a top concern for the populace. The Wasatch Front is subject to strong temperature inversions during the winter, which trap pollutants and lower air quality. The Utah Division of Air Quality closely monitors air quality and issues alerts for voluntary and mandatory actions when pollution exceeds federal safety standards. Protests have been held at the Utah State Capitol and Democratic lawmakers have introduced legislation in the Utah State Legislature to make public transportation free during January and July, when air quality is usually at its worst. The population of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area is projected to double by 2040, putting further pressure on the region's air quality.

text: The burgeoning population of Salt Lake City and the surrounding metropolitan area, combined with its geographical situation, has led to

text: air quality

text: becoming a top concern for the populace. The Wasatch Front is subject to strong temperature inversions during the winter, which trap pollutants and lower air quality. The Utah Division of Air Quality closely monitors air quality and issues alerts for voluntary and mandatory actions when pollution exceeds federal safety standards. Protests have been held at the

text: Utah State Capitol

text: and

text: Democratic

text: lawmakers have introduced legislation in the

text: Utah State Legislature

text: to make

text: public transportation

text: free during January and July, when air quality is usually at its worst. The population of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area is projected to double by 2040, putting further pressure on the region's air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Wasatch Front

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: strong temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: strong temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: burgeoning population

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a top concern for the populace.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: strong temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: federal safety standards.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Salt Lake City

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollution exceeds federal safety standards.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: pollution exceeds federal safety standards.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Wasatch Front is subject to strong temperature inversions

text: A primary pollutant is an air pollutant emitted directly from a source.A secondary pollutant is not directly emitted as such, but forms when other pollutants (primary pollutants) react in the atmosphere.Examples of a secondary pollutant include ozone, which is formed when hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NO) combine in the presence of sunlight; nitrogen dioxide (NO), which is formed as nitric oxide (NO) combines with oxygen in the air; and acid rain, which is formed when sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides react with water.All of these harsh chemicals are usually highly reactive and oxidizing. Photochemical smog is therefore considered to be a problem of modern industrialization. It is present in all modern cities, but it is more common in cities with sunny, warm, dry climates and a large number of motor vehicles. Because it travels with the wind, it can affect sparsely populated areas as well.

text: A primary pollutant is an air pollutant emitted directly from a source.A secondary pollutant is not directly emitted as such, but forms when other pollutants (primary pollutants) react in the atmosphere.Examples of a secondary pollutant include ozone, which is formed when hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NO) combine in the presence of sunlight; nitrogen dioxide (NO), which is formed as nitric oxide (NO) combines with oxygen in the air; and acid rain, which is formed when sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides react with water.All of these harsh chemicals are usually highly reactive and oxidizing. Photochemical smog is therefore considered to be a problem of modern industrialization. It is present in all modern cities, but it is more common in cities with sunny, warm, dry climates and a large number of motor vehicles. Because it travels with the wind, it can affect sparsely populated areas as well.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrialization

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: primary pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrialization

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrialization

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: primary pollutant

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: modern industrialization.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: primary pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sunny, warm, dry climates and a large number of motor vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: primary pollutant

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: it is more common in cities with sunny, warm, dry climates

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: primary pollutant

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sunny, warm, dry climates and a large number of motor vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: it is more common in cities with sunny, warm, dry climates

text: The regulations apply in zones designated as Air quality management areas by local authorities.The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs has published a list of local authorities with air quality management areas.

text: The regulations apply in zones designated as

text: Air quality management area

text: s by local authorities.The

entity_name: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

text: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

text: has published a list of local authorities with air quality management areas.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The regulations apply in zones designated as Air quality management areas by local authorities.The

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The regulations apply in zones designated as Air quality management areas by local authorities.The

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air quality management areas by local authorities.The

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The regulations apply in zones designated as Air quality management areas by local authorities.The

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: authorities.The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The regulations apply in zones designated as Air quality management areas by local authorities.The

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air quality management areas by local authorities.The

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: authorities.The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air quality management areas by local authorities.The

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air quality management areas by local authorities.The

text: The perceived air quality is measured in decipol.

text: The perceived air quality is measured in

text: decipol

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: decipol

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the amount of dust in the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 450

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: decipol

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: decipol

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: decipol

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The perceived air quality is measured in decipol.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: decipol.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The perceived air quality is measured in decipol.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The perceived air quality is measured in decipol.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: decipol.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: decipol.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The perceived air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: decipol.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: decipol.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: decipol.

text: The eight doctors in the town, who belonged to the Donora Medical Association, made house calls much like the firefighters during the period of intense smog, often visiting the houses of patients who were treated by the other doctors in town. This was a result of patients calling every doctor in town in the hope of getting treatment faster. It was not until mid-day Saturday that Mrs. Cora Vernon, executive director of the American Red Cross, had it set up so that all calls going to the doctors’ offices would be switched to the emergency center being established in the town hall. The smog was so intense that driving was nearly abandoned; those who chose to continue driving were risky. “I drove on the left side of the street with my head out the window. Steering by scraping the curb.” recalls Davis.

text: The eight doctors in the town, who belonged to the Donora Medical Association, made house calls much like the firefighters during the period of intense smog, often visiting the houses of patients who were treated by the other doctors in town. This was a result of patients calling every doctor in town in the hope of getting treatment faster. It was not until mid-day Saturday that Mrs. Cora Vernon, executive director of the American Red Cross, had it set up so that all calls going to the doctors’ offices would be switched to the emergency center being established in the town hall. The smog was so intense that driving was nearly abandoned; those who chose to continue driving were risky. “I drove on the left side of the street with my head out the window. Steering by scraping the curb.” recalls Davis.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unforgiving climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: intense smog,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: patients calling every doctor in town in the hope of getting treatment faster.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: eight doctors

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: left side of the street with my head out the window.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: intense smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: intense smog,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: driving was nearly abandoned;

text: Los Angeles continued to spread out, particularly with the development of the San Fernando Valley and the building of the freeways launched in the 1940s. When the local street car system went out of business, Los Angeles became a city built around the automobile, with all the social, health and political problems that this dependence produces.  The famed urban sprawl of Los Angeles became a notable feature of the town, and the pace of the growth accelerated in the first decades of the 20th century. The San Fernando Valley, sometimes called "America's Suburb", became a favorite site of developers, and the city began growing past its roots downtown toward the ocean and towards the east.  The immense problem with air pollution (smog) that had developed by the early 1970s also caused a backlash. With schools being closed routinely in urban areas for "smog days" when the ozone levels became too unhealthy and the hills surrounding urban areas seldom visible even within a mile, Californians were ready for changes. Over the next three decades, California enacted some of the strictest anti-smog regulations in the United States and has been a leader in encouraging nonpolluting strategies for various industries, including automobiles. For example, carpool lanes normally allow only vehicles with two/three or more occupants (whether the base number is two or three depends on what freeway you are on), but electric cars can use the lanes with only a single occupant. As a result, smog is significantly reduced from its peak, although local Air Quality Management Districts still monitor the air and generally encourage people to avoid polluting activities on hot days when smog is expected to be at its worst.

text: Los Angeles continued to spread out, particularly with the development of the San Fernando Valley and the building of the freeways launched in the 1940s. When the local street car system went out of business, Los Angeles became a city built around the automobile, with all the social, health and political problems that this dependence produces.  The famed

text: urban sprawl

text: of Los Angeles became a notable feature of the town, and the pace of the growth accelerated in the first decades of the 20th century. The

text: San Fernando Valley

text: , sometimes called "America's Suburb", became a favorite site of developers, and the city began growing past its roots

text: downtown

text: toward the ocean and towards the east.  The immense problem with

text: air pollution

text: smog

text: ) that had developed by the early 1970s also caused a backlash. With schools being closed routinely in urban areas for "smog days" when the ozone levels became too unhealthy and the hills surrounding urban areas seldom visible even within a mile, Californians were ready for changes. Over the next three decades, California enacted some of the strictest anti-smog regulations in the United States and has been a leader in encouraging nonpolluting strategies for various industries, including automobiles. For example,

text: carpool lane

text: s normally allow only vehicles with two/three or more occupants (whether the base number is two or three depends on what freeway you are on), but

text: electric car

text: s can use the lanes with only a single occupant. As a result, smog is significantly reduced from its peak, although local

text: Air Quality Management Districts

text: still monitor the air and generally encourage people to avoid polluting activities on hot days when smog is expected to be at its worst.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: the early 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone levels

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The immense problem with air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban sprawl

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: (smog)

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: early 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: (smog)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone levels became too unhealthy

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: two/three

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: the strictest anti-smog regulations in the United States

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: (smog)

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban sprawl

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: hot days

text: Sick Building Syndrome, in which air quality in building is deteriorated as a result of multiple factors, such as biological contamination by fungi, have been viewed as an important public health problem. For example, A. penicillioides was isolated in all mattresses in Antwerp and Brussels.

text: Sick Building Syndrome

text: , in which air quality in building is deteriorated as a result of multiple factors, such as biological contamination by fungi, have been viewed as an important public health problem. For example, A. penicillioides was isolated in all mattresses in Antwerp and Brussels.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Sick Building Syndrome

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Sick Building Syndrome

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Sick Building Syndrome

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Sick Building Syndrome

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: mattresses

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Sick Building Syndrome,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: public health problem.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: biological contamination by fungi,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: biological contamination by fungi,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Sick Building Syndrome,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Sick Building Syndrome,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: biological contamination by fungi,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Sick Building Syndrome,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Sick Building Syndrome,

text: The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed an Air Quality Index that is used to report air quality. This AQI is divided into six categories indicating increasing levels of health concern. A PM concentration lower than 12 µg/m indicates good air quality and between 12 and 35 µg/m the airquality is moderate. An AQI value over 300 represents hazardous air quality and below 50 the air quality is good. In December 2013, huge areas of Eastern China reached "hazardous" level for multiple days.

text: The

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) has developed an Air Quality Index that is used to report air quality. This AQI is divided into six categories indicating increasing levels of health concern. A PM concentration lower than 12 µg/m indicates good air quality and between 12 and 35 µg/m the airquality is moderate. An AQI value over 300 represents hazardous air quality and below 50 the air quality is good. In December 2013, huge areas of Eastern China reached "hazardous" level for multiple days.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: AQI value over 300 represents hazardous air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: PM

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: PM concentration

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: PM concentration lower than 12 <unk>g/m

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2013,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: increasing levels of health concern.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: PM concentration

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 300

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 300

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The United States Environmental Protection Agency

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM concentration lower than 12 <unk>g/m

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: huge areas of Eastern China reached "hazardous" level for multiple days.

text: The SCAQMD also operates an extensive network of air quality monitoring stations (about 40 stations) and issues daily air quality forecasts. The forecasts are made available to the public through newspapers, television, radio, faxed messages to schools, the SCAQMD's internet website, and a toll-free Smog Update telephone line.

text: The SCAQMD also operates an extensive network of air quality monitoring stations (about 40 stations) and issues daily air quality forecasts. The forecasts are made available to the public through newspapers, television, radio, faxed messages to schools, the SCAQMD's internet website, and a toll-free Smog Update telephone line.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality forecasts.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The SCAQMD

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The SCAQMD

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 40

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The SCAQMD

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog Update telephone line.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality monitoring stations

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: (about 40 stations) and issues daily air quality forecasts.

text: In the 1950s the source of photochemical smog was established as automobile exhaust emissions.  In his senior position in UOP, from 1956 to 1974, Haensel directed the research programs which led to catalytic converters.

text: In the 1950s the source of

text: photochemical smog

text: was established as automobile exhaust emissions.  In his senior position in UOP, from 1956 to 1974, Haensel directed the research programs which led to

text: catalytic converter

text: s.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automobile exhaust emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: automobile exhaust emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: automobile exhaust emissions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: photochemical smog was established as automobile exhaust emissions.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automobile exhaust emissions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1974,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: In the 1950s the source of photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: automobile exhaust emissions.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: automobile exhaust emissions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: In the 1950s

text: RJ Lee Group actively consulted with and supported EPA Region 2 in evaluating air quality in Lower Manhattan buildings impacted by the events of 9/11.  RJ Lee Group designed, implemented, and conducted sampling and laboratory analyses for building remediation while also conducting health, safety, and community air quality monitoring programs in and around the impacted areas.

text: RJ Lee Group actively consulted with and supported

text: EPA

text: Region 2 in evaluating

text: air quality

text: in

text: Lower Manhattan

text: buildings impacted by the events of

text: .  RJ Lee Group designed, implemented, and conducted sampling and laboratory analyses for building remediation while also conducting health, safety, and community air quality monitoring programs in and around the impacted areas.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a health hazard

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 9/11.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 9/11.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 9/11.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: EPA Region 2

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 9/11.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 9/11.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: EPA Region 2

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality in Lower Manhattan buildings impacted by the events of 9/11.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 9/11.

text: There have been several amendments made to The Air Pollution Act of 1955. The first amendment came in 1960, which extended research funding for four years. The next amendment came in 1962 and basically enforced the principle provisions of the original act. In addition, this amendment also called for research to be done by the Surgeon General.In 1967, the Air Quality Act of 1967 was passed. In 1967, the Air Quality Act was enacted in order to expand federal government activities. In accordance with this law, enforcement proceedings were initiated in areas subject to interstate air pollution transport. This amendment allowed states to enact federal automobile emissions standards. Senator Edmond Muskie (D-Maine) said that this was the “first comprehensive federal air pollution control.” The National Air Pollution Control Administration then provided technical information to the states, which the states used to develop air quality standards. The NAPCA then had the power to veto any of the states' proposed emission standards. This amendment was not as effective as it was initially thought to be, with only 36 air regions designated, and as well as no states having fully developed pollution control programs. In 1969, another amendment was made to the act. This amendment further expanded the research on low emissions, fuels, and automobiles.

text: There have been several amendments made to The Air Pollution Act of 1955. The first amendment came in 1960, which extended research funding for four years. The next amendment came in 1962 and basically enforced the principle provisions of the original act. In addition, this amendment also called for research to be done by the

text: Surgeon General

text: .In 1967, the Air Quality Act of 1967 was passed. In 1967, the Air Quality Act was enacted in order to expand federal government activities. In accordance with this law, enforcement proceedings were initiated in areas subject to interstate air pollution transport. This amendment allowed states to enact federal automobile emissions standards. Senator Edmond Muskie (D-Maine) said that this was the “first comprehensive federal air pollution control.” The

text: National Air Pollution Control Administration

text: then provided technical information to the states, which the states used to develop air quality standards. The NAPCA then had the power to veto any of the states' proposed emission standards. This amendment was not as effective as it was initially thought to be, with only 36 air regions designated, and as well as no states having fully developed pollution control programs. In 1969, another amendment was made to the act. This amendment further expanded the research on low emissions, fuels, and automobiles.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what was the first amendment made to?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: interstate

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: interstate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: low emissions, fuels, and automobiles.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1955.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: interstate air pollution transport.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: interstate air pollution transport.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 36

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: interstate air pollution transport.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: low emissions, fuels, and automobiles.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: interstate air pollution transport.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

text: A large proportion of the neighborhoods in these outer, second and third "belts" of Buenos Aires suffer from high levels of poverty.  Within this area of approximately 1,650,000 people (as of 2001), 64% live below Argentina’s poverty level.  In general, this population lacks urban infrastructure (sidewalks, paved roads, drainage systems), has little access to utilities (gas, water, electricity), and experiences high levels of health problems associated with poor living conditions.Although there is a high demand for goods and services within this area, there is a general lack of companies willing to do business there because of the perceived investment risks.  Similarly, many of these families find it difficult to acquire credit in formal markets.  As a result, it is extremely difficult for the poor in Buenos Aires to improve their quality of life on their own.

text: A large proportion of the neighborhoods in these outer, second and third "belts" of Buenos Aires suffer from high levels of poverty.  Within this area of approximately 1,650,000 people (as of 2001), 64% live below Argentina’s poverty level.  In general, this population lacks urban infrastructure (sidewalks, paved roads, drainage systems), has little access to utilities (gas, water, electricity), and experiences high levels of health problems associated with poor living conditions.Although there is a high demand for goods and services within this area, there is a general lack of companies willing to do business there because of the perceived investment risks.  Similarly, many of these families find it difficult to acquire credit in formal markets.  As a result, it is extremely difficult for the poor in Buenos Aires to improve their quality of life on their own.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2000s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: high levels of

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: poor living conditions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: poor living conditions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Buenos Aires

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2001),

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: high levels of health problems associated with poor living conditions.Although

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: perceived investment risks.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1,650,000

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Buenos Aires

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: poverty.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: (sidewalks, paved roads, drainage systems),

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: infrastructure

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Buenos Aires

text: In addition to these positions, Farrar serves on the Board of Directors for Air Alliance Houston (formerly known as the Galveston-Houston Association for Smog Prevention), Avenue CDC, Rice Design Alliance, Women Action for New Direction Education Fund, and the National Advisory Committee of the National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health.  She also serves on the Postpartum Support International's President's Advisory Council.

text: In addition to these positions, Farrar serves on the Board of Directors for

text: Air Alliance Houston

text: (formerly known as the Galveston-Houston Association for Smog Prevention),

text: Avenue CDC

text: Rice Design Alliance

text: Women Action for New Direction Education Fund

text: , and the National Advisory Committee of the

text: National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health

text: .  She also serves on the Postpartum Support International's President's Advisory Council.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Galveston-Houston Association for Smog Prevention),

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog Prevention),

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Galveston-Houston Association for Smog Prevention),

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: National Advisory Committee of the National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Galveston-Houston Association for Smog Prevention),

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog Prevention),

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Women Action for New Direction Education Fund,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Galveston-Houston Association for Smog Prevention),

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Galveston-Houston Association for Smog Prevention),

text: An example of a particularly successful step forward in implementing a global observing system for climate is the initiation of a reference network for upper-air observations - the GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN). The network is the prototype of a hybrid observing system, combining operational upper-air measurement sites with research sites and providing high-quality reference data for atmospheric profiles. GRUAN sites are undertaking high-quality atmospheric profile measurements that will help understand trends in upper-air ECVs, assist in investigating processes in the upper-troposphere and lower stratosphere, and provide data for calibrating satellite measurements and validating independent climate analyses and models. At GRUAN sites, the principles of quality, traceability and complete error characterization have been heeded, for at least part of the observing programme. The network is planned to grow over its initial size of 15 stations in coming years; introducing climate quality standards to a larger number of sites.

text: An example of a particularly successful step forward in implementing a global observing system for climate is the initiation of a reference network for upper-air observations - the GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN). The network is the prototype of a hybrid observing system, combining operational upper-air measurement sites with research sites and providing high-quality reference data for atmospheric profiles. GRUAN sites are undertaking high-quality atmospheric profile measurements that will help understand trends in upper-air ECVs, assist in investigating processes in the upper-troposphere and lower stratosphere, and provide data for calibrating satellite measurements and validating independent climate analyses and models. At GRUAN sites, the principles of quality, traceability and complete error characterization have been heeded, for at least part of the observing programme. The network is planned to grow over its initial size of 15 stations in coming years; introducing climate quality standards to a larger number of sites.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: GRUAN

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Upper-air ECVs

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: GRUAN

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: upper-air ECVs,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: years;

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: upper-air ECVs,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: upper-air ECVs,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 15

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: upper-air ECVs,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 15 stations in coming years;

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: GCOS Reference Upper-Air Network

text: Smog is a public artwork by American artist Tony Smith located to the south east of McCardell Bicentennial Hall on the Middlebury College campus, in Middlebury, Vermont. An example of minimalist sculpture, the piece is a lattice of 45 octahedra, standing on 22 tetrahedra, and topped with 15 prisms. It is fabricated from aluminum, painted black. This work is first in an edition of three, with one artist's proof.

text: Smog is a public artwork by

text: American

text: artist

text: Tony Smith

text: located to the south east of McCardell Bicentennial Hall on the

text: Middlebury College

text: campus, in

text: Middlebury, Vermont

text: . An example of

text: minimalist

text: sculpture, the piece is a lattice of 45

text: octahedra

text: , standing on 22

text: tetrahedra

text: , and topped with 15 prisms. It is fabricated from aluminum, painted black. This work is first in an edition of three, with one

text: artist's proof

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Bicentennial

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: south east of McCardell Bicentennial Hall

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 15

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: McCardell Bicentennial Hall

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Vermont.

text: Poor air quality

text: Poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Which of the following is not a source of air pollutants?

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: can lead to asthma

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ten

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: california

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: to this issue

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: What is the most common cause of smog?

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Poor air quality

text: The California Air Resources Board (C.A.R.B.) found in studies that 50% or more of the air pollution (smog) in Southern California is due to car emissions.

text: The

text: California Air Resources Board

text: (C.A.R.B.) found in studies that 50% or more of the

text: air pollution

text: smog

text: ) in

text: Southern California

text: is due to car emissions.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: car emissions.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: car emissions.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: (smog)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: car emissions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 50%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 50% or more of the air pollution (smog) in Southern California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: car emissions.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: car emissions.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: car emissions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 50% or more of the air pollution (smog) in Southern California

text: The Foundation is actively involved in programs that improve air quality throughout the state of California, and has administered the California Department of Consumer Affairs—Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) Smog Check Referee program and Call Center since 2004. Referee Centers are located on 31 Community College campuses and two vocational centers, and offer students the opportunity to gain on-the-job training in the automotive industry. Over 100 students are trained through these centers each year.  The Referee program assists consumers with routine California Smog Check appointments and specialized services such as locating hard-to-find parts, certifying exemptions, and issuing cost waivers. In addition, the Foundation operates a Call Center that assists consumers in scheduling smog check appointments and answering questions about automotive smog issues.

text: The Foundation is actively involved in programs that improve air quality throughout the state of California, and has administered the

entity_name: California Department of Consumer Affairs

text: California Department of Consumer Affairs

text: —Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) Smog Check Referee program and Call Center since 2004. Referee Centers are located on 31 Community College campuses and two vocational centers, and offer students the opportunity to gain on-the-job training in the automotive industry. Over 100 students are trained through these centers each year.  The Referee program assists consumers with routine

text: California Smog Check

text: appointments and specialized services such as locating hard-to-find parts, certifying exemptions, and issuing cost waivers. In addition, the Foundation operates a Call Center that assists consumers in scheduling smog check appointments and answering questions about automotive smog issues.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Foundation is actively involved in programs that improve air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: California Department of Consumer Affairs—Bureau of Automotive Repair

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2004.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Affairs—Bureau of Automotive Repair

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Affairs—Bureau of Automotive Repair

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: California Department of Consumer Affairs—Bureau of Automotive Repair

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog issues.

text: In another instance, AAA supported the overall goal of the Clean Air Act, but objected to several specific provisions in the legislation, requesting clarification of the proposed state inspection and maintenance program provision and asking that the implementation guidelines be fully evaluated prior to enactment. According to a Washington Times article, which referred to research by Energy & Environment Analysis Inc., tightening federal emissions standards had led to a role reversal for the automobile, making it less of a contributor to smog. Instead, stationary emission sources such as factories, as well as heavy and utility vehicles were more of a threat to air quality and would be appropriate targets in the battle against smog. “However, by primarily emphasizing vehicle regulations in the 1970s and ignoring gasoline regulations EPA actually caused fuels to become dirtier, effectively undermining a significant portion of any gains achieved through the tighter control of vehicles.”

text: In another instance, AAA supported the overall goal of the Clean Air Act, but objected to several specific provisions in the legislation, requesting clarification of the proposed state inspection and maintenance program provision and asking that the implementation guidelines be fully evaluated prior to enactment. According to a Washington Times article, which referred to research by Energy & Environment Analysis Inc., tightening federal emissions standards had led to a role reversal for the automobile, making it less of a contributor to smog. Instead, stationary emission sources such as factories, as well as heavy and utility vehicles were more of a threat to air quality and would be appropriate targets in the battle against smog. “However, by primarily emphasizing vehicle regulations in the 1970s and ignoring gasoline regulations EPA actually caused fuels to become dirtier, effectively undermining a significant portion of any gains achieved through the tighter control of vehicles.”

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: stationary emission sources

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: stationary emission sources

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: stationary emission sources

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: stationary emission sources

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: stationary emission sources such as factories, as well as heavy and utility vehicles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: emissions standards

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: stationary emission sources such as factories,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: factories, as well as heavy and utility vehicles

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: stationary emission sources such as factories, as well as heavy and utility vehicles

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: stationary emission sources such as factories,

text: The two CityLink tunnels have regularly featured as discussion points on talkback radio, firstly for air quality. In the early days of operation, the air quality in the tunnels appeared smoggy. CityLink worked a way around the problem by adjusting the venting system which improved quality and dispersed exhaust fumes more effectively. The second issue was regarding the use of massive quantities of fresh drinking water pumped into the system to stabilise the tunnel environs. After some time, CityLink sought and obtained approval from the State Government to build a water recycling plant which meant they could rely primarily on recycled, and not drinking, water.

text: The two CityLink tunnels have regularly featured as discussion points on talkback radio, firstly for air quality. In the early days of operation, the air quality in the tunnels appeared smoggy. CityLink worked a way around the problem by adjusting the venting system which improved quality and dispersed exhaust fumes more effectively. The second issue was regarding the use of massive quantities of fresh drinking water pumped into the system to stabilise the tunnel environs. After some time, CityLink sought and obtained approval from the State Government to build a water recycling plant which meant they could rely primarily on recycled, and not drinking, water.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smoggy

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: exhaust fumes

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: CityLink tunnels have regularly featured as discussion points on talkback radio,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smoggy.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: exhaust fumes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: exhaust fumes

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smoggy.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: exhaust fumes

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smoggy.

text: Naomi Shah of Portland, OR, won the age 15–16 category with a study of the effects of air quality on lungs, particularly for people who have asthma. Ms. Shah recruited 103 test subjects, performed 24-hour air quality measurements at their homes and workplaces and had each blow into a device that measured the force of their breath.

text: Naomi Shah of Portland, OR, won the age 15–16 category with a study of the effects of air quality on lungs, particularly for people who have asthma. Ms. Shah recruited 103 test subjects, performed 24-hour air quality measurements at their homes and workplaces and had each blow into a device that measured the force of their breath.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 20th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Naomi Shah of Portland, OR, won the age 15–16

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 15–16

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: asthma.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: asthma.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 103

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Naomi Shah of Portland, OR,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: asthma.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: asthma.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: asthma.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: age 15–16

text: In Yokkaichi, a port in Mie Prefecture, air pollution caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide emissions led to a rapid increase in the number of people suffering from asthma and bronchitis. In urban areas photochemical smog from automotive and industrial exhaust fumes also contributed to a rise in respiratory problems. In the early 1970s, chronic arsenic poisoning attributed to dust from arsenic mines occurred in Shimane and Miyazaki prefectures.

text: In

text: Yokkaichi

text: , a port in

text: Mie Prefecture

text: , air pollution caused by

text: sulfur dioxide

text: and

text: nitrogen dioxide

text: emissions led to a rapid increase in the number of people suffering from

text: asthma

text: and

text: bronchitis

text: . In urban areas

text: photochemical smog

text: from automotive and industrial exhaust fumes also contributed to a rise in respiratory problems. In the early 1970s, chronic

text: arsenic

text: poisoning attributed to dust from arsenic mines occurred in

text: Shimane

text: and

text: Miyazaki prefecture

text: s.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automotive and industrial exhaust

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: arsenic

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: automotive and industrial exhaust fumes

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automotive and industrial exhaust fumes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog from automotive and industrial exhaust fumes

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: photochemical smog

text: The organization offers self-monitored air quality reports twice daily from Monday to Friday, which has been available even before the government's release of air quality data. Their data is taken from their Sheung Wan office and is based on an hourly average. CAN also offers alerts when API levels reach hazardous levels (above API 100). This information is accessible on their website and through their various social media outlets, such as Facebook and Twitter. CAN also rents out PM2.5 monitoring machines, SIDEPAK AM510s, thus allowing people to monitor the air quality in their own homes and neighborhoods.

text: The organization offers self-monitored air quality reports twice daily from Monday to Friday, which has been available even before the government's release of air quality data. Their data is taken from their Sheung Wan office and is based on an hourly average. CAN also offers alerts when API levels reach hazardous levels (above API 100). This information is accessible on their website and through their various social media outlets, such as Facebook and Twitter. CAN also rents out PM2.5 monitoring machines, SIDEPAK AM510s, thus allowing people to monitor the air quality in their own homes and neighborhoods.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: CAN also rents out PM2.5 monitoring machines,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous levels

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 100).

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Friday,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality data.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hazardous levels

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: PM2.5 monitoring machines,

text: The mixture of natural fog and unnatural smog started accumulating over the first weekend of December 2013. In Shanghai, the Air Quality Index (AQI) crossed the threshold of 300 on 2 December. The lingering smog also left the air qualities in neighboring cities, such as Nanjing, Jiaxing, at seriously polluted levels. The National Meteorological Center (NMC) issued yellow alert for smog and fog, the third most serious alert in China's four-tiered system. PM particulate levels reached their highest point on 6 December 2013, with Shanghai reaching a high of 507. The U.S. Embassy categorizes air quality readings over 300 as hazardous to all humans, not just those with heart or lung ailments.

text: The mixture of natural fog and unnatural smog started accumulating over the first weekend of December 2013. In Shanghai, the

text: Air Quality Index

text: (AQI) crossed the threshold of 300 on 2 December. The lingering smog also left the air qualities in neighboring cities, such as

text: Nanjing

text: Jiaxing

text: , at seriously polluted levels.

text: The National Meteorological Center

text: (NMC) issued yellow alert for smog and fog, the third most serious alert in China's four-tiered system. PM particulate levels reached their highest point on 6 December 2013, with Shanghai reaching a high of 507. The U.S. Embassy categorizes air quality readings over 300 as hazardous to all humans, not just those with heart or lung ailments.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2013

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unnatural

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: December 2013.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous to all humans,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: natural fog and unnatural smog

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 300

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Shanghai, the Air Quality Index (AQI) crossed the threshold of 300

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM particulate levels reached their highest point on 6 December 2013,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: natural fog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: December 2013.

text: Additionally, a County of Lambton document indicates that in 2005 up to fifty-five percent of ground level ozone and fine particulate matter emissions come from neighboring US facilities.  In fact, the 2005 study "Transboundary Air Pollution in Ontario" states that "Long-range transport and transboundary flow of air pollutants play a significant role in air quality considerations on a regional scale."

text: Additionally, a County of Lambton document indicates that in 2005 up to fifty-five percent of ground level ozone and fine particulate matter emissions come from neighboring US facilities.  In fact, the 2005 study "Transboundary Air Pollution in Ontario" states that "Long-range transport and transboundary flow of air pollutants play a significant role in air quality considerations on a regional scale."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2005

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: neighboring US facilities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: neighboring US facilities

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: up to fifty-five percent

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2005

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: play a significant role in air quality considerations on a regional scale."

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: neighboring US facilities.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: fifty-five percent

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: up to fifty-five percent

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "Transboundary Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone and fine particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: neighboring US facilities.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "Transboundary Air Pollution in Ontario"

text: Air quality can be measured by the amount of PM 2.5 and PM 10 particulates suspended in air. During the reported Smog in Delhi. On Nov 7th, 2016 the PM 2.5 levels shot up to 999, while recommended is 60 micrograms. At the same time PM 10 shot to 999, instead of the recommended limit of 100

text: Air quality can be measured by the amount of PM 2.5 and PM 10

text: particulates

text: suspended in air. During the reported Smog in Delhi. On Nov 7th, 2016 the PM 2.5 levels shot up to 999, while recommended is 60 micrograms. At the same time PM 10 shot to 999, instead of the recommended limit of 100

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Smog in Delhi

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: PM 10

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: PM 10

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM 2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: PM 2.5

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Smog in Delhi.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: PM 2.5

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 100

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 999,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM 2.5 and PM 10

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air quality can be measured by the amount of PM 2.5

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 999, while recommended is 60 micrograms.

text: The 1966 New York City smog was a historic air-pollution event in New York City that occurred from November 23–25, that year's Thanksgiving weekend. It was the third major smog event in New York City, following similar events in 1953 and 1963. On November 23, a large mass of stagnant air over the East Coast trapped pollutants in the city's air. For three days, New York City experienced acute smog with high levels of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, smoke, and haze. Lesser air pollution pervaded the New York metropolitan area throughout other parts of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut.

text: The 1966 New York City smog was a historic

text: air-pollution

text: event in

text: New York City

text: that occurred from November 23–25, that year's

text: Thanksgiving

text: weekend. It was the third major

text: smog

text: event in New York City, following similar events in 1953 and 1963. On November 23, a large mass of stagnant air over the

text: East Coast

text: trapped pollutants in the city's air. For three days, New York City experienced acute smog with high levels of

text: carbon monoxide

text: sulfur dioxide

text: , smoke, and haze. Lesser air pollution pervaded the

text: New York metropolitan area

text: throughout other parts of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1953 and 1963

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what was the cause of the smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1966 New York City smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: carbon monoxide,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1953 and 1963.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutants in the city's air.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: stagnant air

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The 1966 New York City smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1966 New York City smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, smoke, and haze.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: stagnant air

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: stagnant air

text: The calculation of the index is based on a review of a number of existing air quality indices, and it reflects EU alert threshold levels or daily limit values as much as possible. In order to make cities more comparable, independent of the nature of their monitoring network two situations are defined:

text: The calculation of the index is based on a review of a number of existing air quality indices, and it reflects EU alert threshold levels or daily limit values as much as possible. In order to make cities more comparable, independent of the nature of their monitoring network two situations are defined:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: EU alert threshold levels or daily limit values

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: a number of existing air quality indices,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: EU alert threshold levels or daily limit values

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality indices,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: EU alert threshold levels or daily limit values

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: EU alert threshold levels

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: EU alert threshold levels or daily limit values

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality indices,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: EU alert threshold levels or daily limit values

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: EU alert threshold levels or daily limit values

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: EU alert threshold levels or daily limit values

text: To present the air quality situation in European cities in a comparable and easily understandable way, all detailed measurements are transformed into a single relative figure: the Common Air Quality Index (or CAQI) Three different indices have been developed by Citeair to enable the comparison of three different time scale:.

text: To present the air quality situation in European cities in a comparable and easily understandable way, all detailed measurements are transformed into a single relative figure: the Common Air Quality Index (or CAQI) Three different indices have been developed by Citeair to enable the comparison of three different time scale:.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: European cities

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Three different indices

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Common Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: European cities

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Common Air Quality Index (or CAQI)

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: the Common Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Common Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality situation in European cities in a comparable and easily understandable way,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: the Common Air Quality Index

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality situation in European cities

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Common Air Quality Index

text: The Institute of Air Quality Management (IAQM) was launched in November 2002 to provide a focal point for all air quality professionals The IAQM is the largest professional body for air quality experts in the UK as well as the authoritative voice for UK air quality.

text: The Institute of Air Quality Management (IAQM) was launched in November 2002 to provide a focal point for all

text: air quality

text: professionals The IAQM is the largest professional body for air quality experts in the UK as well as the authoritative voice for UK air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 2002

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2002

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality professionals

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Institute of Air Quality Management

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2002

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Institute of Air Quality Management

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 2002

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Institute of Air Quality Management

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Institute of Air Quality Management

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Institute of Air Quality Management

text: Writers consistently reference Smog, the Blue Nile and Talk Talk as influences.

text: Writers consistently reference Smog, the Blue Nile and Talk Talk as influences.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a bad thing

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Writers consistently reference Smog, the Blue Nile and Talk Talk

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Writers consistently reference Smog, the Blue Nile

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Writers consistently reference Smog, the Blue Nile and Talk Talk

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog, the Blue Nile and Talk Talk

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Writers consistently reference Smog,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog,

text: California was the first state to act against air pollution when the metropolis of Los Angeles began to notice deteriorating air quality. The location of Los Angeles furthered the problem as several geographical and meteorological problems unique to the area exacerbated the air pollution problem.

text: California

text: was the first state to act against air pollution when the metropolis of

text: Los Angeles

text: began to notice deteriorating air quality. The location of Los Angeles furthered the problem as several geographical and meteorological problems unique to the area exacerbated the air pollution problem.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: deteriorating air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: location

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The location of Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: deteriorating air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: geographical and meteorological problems

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: California was the first state to act against air pollution

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the metropolis of Los Angeles began to notice deteriorating air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The location of Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: geographical and meteorological problems

text: Tehran is rated as one of the world’s most polluted cities. Parts of the city are often covered by smog, making breathing difficult and causing widespread pulmonary illnesses. It is estimated that about 27 people die each day from pollution-related diseases. According to local officials, 3,600 people died in a single month due to the hazardous air quality. 80% of the city's pollution is due to cars. The remaining 20% is due to industrial pollution. Other estimates suggest that motorcycles alone account for 30% of air and 50% of sound pollution in Tehran.

text: Tehran is rated as one of the world’s most polluted cities. Parts of the city are often covered by

text: smog

text: , making breathing difficult and causing widespread pulmonary illnesses. It is estimated that about 27 people die each day from pollution-related diseases. According to local officials, 3,600 people died in a single month due to the hazardous air quality. 80% of the city's pollution is due to cars. The remaining 20% is due to

text: industrial pollution

text: . Other estimates suggest that motorcycles alone account for 30% of air and 50% of

text: sound pollution

text: in Tehran.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: 80% of the city's pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industrial

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 80% of the city's pollution is due to cars.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: cars.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: 80% of the city's pollution is due to cars.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: cars.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 80%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Tehran

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: polluted cities.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industrial pollution.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: cars.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 80% of the city's pollution is due to cars.

text: The legislation applies in cases where there are emissions of smoke, particulate matter, fumes or where there are odours in areas specifically defined in the regulations. Regulation of Solid FuelsThe Air Pollution Act (Marketing, Sale, Distribution and Burning of Specified Fuels) Regulations, 2012 (S.I. No. 326 of 2012), consolidated all previous applicable/associated regulations made under the Air Pollution Act, e.g. Air Pollution (Marketing, Sale and Distribution of Fuel) Regulations 1990.Under Section 6 it is an offence in these regulations for the home owner/occupier of any private dwelling to burn bituminous (smoky) coal. Not only that but is also an offence to market, sell or distribute any fuels specified in the regulations within defined areas of Ireland. Penalties for Non-ComplianceThe Air Pollution Act (Marketing, Sale, Distribution and Burning of Specified Fuels) Regulations, 2012 enable local authorities to take enforcement action against anyone suspected of non-compliance by initiating prosecutions at District Court level. Section 20 of the Environment (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 2015 increased the enforcement options for local authorities by amending Section 12A of the Air Pollution Act, 1987 to enable the issuing of fixed penalty notices i.e. on the spot fines. Following the signing into law of the Air Pollution (Fixed Payment Notice) Regulations, 2015 in December 2015, by Minister Alan Kelly, local authorities now have the option of issuing fixed penalty notices for alleged breaches of the 2012 Regulations. (Limerick City Council, 2016)Penalties range from a ceiling of €1000 (marketing, selling or distributing) for on the spot fines or up to €5000 plus costs if court proceedings are instigated.Future DirectionBecause of the failure to meet the objectives of WHO, i.e. clean air is considered to be a basic requirement of human health and the fact that within the EU, “poor air quality is worse than for road traffic accidents, making it the number one environmental cause of premature death in the EU.” (EU, 2015a) that in December 2013, the EU announced a Clean Air Policy Package (after a comprehensive review which began in 2011) to reduce the effect on human health. This package has at its core the following;• A new Clean Air Programme for Europe enabling existing targets are met in a much shorter term with more detailed new air quality objectives for the period up to 2030. Support via research, innovation and probably most important of all, co-operation between all stakeholders will be a factor. • The current National Emission Ceilings Directive will be revised thus ensuring a much more stringent approach to the six main pollutants named above,  • A proposal for a new Directive to reduce pollution from smaller power stations that have not been included heretofore, i.e. combustion plants up to 50MWth (EU, 2015b)Given the fact that in Ireland in 2012 it is estimated that approximately 1200 deaths were attributed to air pollution, as such it is still an issue that requires further measures (EEA, 2014). The EU estimate that the benefits to health, by 2020 and certainly by 2030, will save society in the region of at least €40 billion with even more if the higher productivity brought about by healthier workers (fewer lost working days) was to materialise. Other benefits would be reduced healthcare costs such as lower levels of asthmatics for example. Acid rain, the scourge of many cities because of damaged buildings, would be another benefit if that was to be reduced even further.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the number one environmental cause

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: “poor air quality is worse than for road traffic accidents,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: compliance by initiating prosecutions at District Court level.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: number one environmental cause of premature death

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: compliance by initiating prosecutions at District Court level.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: €1000

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: non-compliance

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: failure to meet the objectives of WHO,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smoke, particulate matter, fumes

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: initiating prosecutions at District Court level.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: initiating prosecutions at District Court level.

text: In early August 1975, The New York Times reported that United States Environmental Protection Agency had released a study entitled, "A Spectroscopic Study of California Smog," showing that smog was widespread in rural areas. The New York Times article also noted how President Ford had just asked the United States Congress to relax provisions of the 1963 Clean Air Act beyond the 1970 Clean Air Act amendments and provided details on Ford's upcoming September trip to California. After learning of Ford's upcoming visit, ex-convict Thomas Elbert was arrested on August 18 in response to Elbert phoning the United States Secret Service and threatening to kill Ford when he visited Sacramento.

text: In early August 1975,

text: The New York Times

text: reported that

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: had released a study entitled, "A

text: Spectroscopic

text: Study of

text: California Smog

text: ," showing that

text: smog

text: was widespread in rural areas. The New York Times article also noted how President Ford had just asked the

text: United States Congress

text: to relax provisions of the

text: 1963 Clean Air Act

text: beyond the

text: 1970 Clean Air Act

text: amendments and provided details on Ford's upcoming September trip to California. After learning of Ford's upcoming visit, ex-convict Thomas Elbert was arrested on August 18 in response to Elbert phoning the

text: United States Secret Service

text: and threatening to kill Ford when he visited Sacramento.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: rural areas

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: rural areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog,"

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1975,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog,"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: rural areas.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1975,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California Smog,"

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1963 Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "A Spectroscopic Study of California Smog,"

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: rural areas.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "A Spectroscopic Study of California Smog,"

text: James Hutchinson Ware (October 27, 1941 – April 26, 2016) was a biostatician and the Frederick Mosteller Professor of Biostatistics and Associate Dean for Clinical and Translational Science at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.  He had been Academic Dean for 19 years (1990-2009) under Deans Harvey Fineberg and Barry Bloom and served as Acting Dean from 1997 to 1998, as Harvey Fineberg assumed the position of Provost of Harvard University. During Ware's 19-year tenure as academic dean (1990-2009), the student the School's student body doubled in size and its research budget grew at an annual rate of eight percent.  Ware was a co-investigator in the landmark Six Cities Study of Air Pollution and Health, which has had a profound effect on Clean Air Act regulations in the U.S. and efforts to limit air pollution around the world.

text: James Hutchinson Ware (October 27, 1941 – April 26, 2016) was a

text: biostatician

text: and the Frederick Mosteller Professor of Biostatistics and Associate Dean for Clinical and Translational Science at the

entity_name: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

text: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

text: .  He had been Academic Dean for 19 years (1990-2009) under Deans

text: Harvey Fineberg

text: and

text: Barry Bloom

text: and served as Acting Dean from 1997 to 1998, as

text: Harvey Fineberg

text: assumed the position of Provost of Harvard University. During Ware's 19-year tenure as academic dean (1990-2009), the student the School's student body doubled in size and its research budget grew at an annual rate of eight percent.  Ware was a co-investigator in the landmark Six Cities Study of Air Pollution and Health, which has had a profound effect on

text: Clean Air Act

text: regulations in the U.S. and efforts to limit

text: air pollution

text: around the world.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is air pollution?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Six Cities Study of Air Pollution and Health

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Six Cities Study of Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Six Cities Study of Air Pollution and Health,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: efforts to limit air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Six Cities Study of Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Six Cities Study of Air Pollution and Health,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Six Cities Study of Air Pollution and Health,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Six Cities Study of Air Pollution and Health,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

text: When NO and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the presence of sunlight, they form photochemical smog, a significant form of air pollution, especially in the summer. Children, people with lung diseases such as asthma, and people who work or exercise outside are particularly susceptible to adverse effects of smog such as damage to lung tissue and reduction in lung function.

text: When NO and

text: volatile organic compound

text: s (VOCs) react in the presence of sunlight, they form photochemical

text: smog

text: , a significant form of air pollution, especially in the summer. Children, people with lung diseases such as

text: asthma

text: , and people who work or exercise outside are particularly susceptible to adverse effects of smog such as damage to lung tissue and reduction in lung function.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sunlight

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: summer

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: When NO and volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sunlight,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NO and volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog, a significant form of air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NO and volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: summer.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: summer.

text: The definition of the AQI in a particular nation reflects the discourse surrounding the development of national air quality standards in that nation.   A website allowing government agencies anywhere in the world to submit their real-time air monitoring data for display using a common definition of the air quality index has recently become available.

text: The definition of the AQI in a particular nation reflects the discourse surrounding the development of national air quality standards in that nation.   A website allowing government agencies anywhere in the world to submit their real-time air monitoring data for display using a common definition of the air quality index has recently become available.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The definition of the AQI

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The definition of the AQI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The definition of the AQI

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The definition of the AQI

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: development of national air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards in that nation.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The definition of the AQI

text: The major goal of the air quality division is to ensure the cleanliness of the air quality by enforcing air-pollutant standards imposed by the federal Environmental Protection Agency.

text: The major goal of the air quality division is to ensure the cleanliness of the air quality by enforcing air-pollutant standards imposed by the federal

text: Environmental Protection Agency

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air-pollutant standards imposed by the federal Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air-pollutant standards imposed by the federal Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: federal Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air-pollutant standards imposed by the federal Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air-pollutant standards imposed by the federal Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: imposed by the federal Environmental Protection Agency.

text: The Clean Air Act requires permits to build or add to major stationary sources of air pollution. This permitting process, known as New Source Review (NSR), applies to sources in areas that meet air quality standards as well as areas that are unclassifiable. Permits in attainment or unclassifiable areas are referred to as Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permits, while permits for sources located in nonattainment areas are referred to as nonattainment area (NAA) permits.

text: The Clean Air Act requires permits to build or add to major stationary sources of air pollution. This permitting process, known as New Source Review (NSR), applies to sources in areas that meet

text: air quality standards

text: as well as areas that are unclassifiable. Permits in attainment or unclassifiable areas are referred to as Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permits, while permits for sources located in nonattainment areas are referred to as nonattainment area (NAA) permits.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: major stationary sources

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nonattainment areas

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: nonattainment areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act requires permits to build or add to major stationary sources

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: major stationary sources

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act requires permits to build or add to major stationary sources

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: major stationary sources of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Prevention of Significant Deterioration

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act

text: The Book is full of prophecy's that often end up wrong, or so they think. It befriends Deeba but is first reluctant about Hemi. The one thing that he thinks is wrong about the prophesy of the Shwazzy is that it says, "The smog is afraid of Nothing and the Ungun." They think it is meant to say "The Smog is afraid of nothing BUT the Ungun."

text: The Book is full of prophecy's that often end up wrong, or so they think. It befriends Deeba but is first reluctant about Hemi. The one thing that he thinks is wrong about the prophesy of the Shwazzy is that it says, "The smog is afraid of Nothing and the Ungun." They think it is meant to say "The Smog is afraid of nothing BUT the Ungun."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: ungun

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ungun

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Nothing and the Ungun."

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Nothing and the Ungun."

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "The smog is afraid of Nothing and the Ungun."

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Nothing and the Ungun."

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Nothing and the Ungun."

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: the Ungun."

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Shwazzy

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nothing and the Ungun."

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Nothing and the Ungun."

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: nothing BUT the Ungun."

text: Street-level air quality regularly falls short of the government’s Air Quality Objectives, and even further short of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Air Quality Guidelines, revised in October.

text: Street-level air quality regularly falls short of the government’s Air Quality Objectives, and even further short of the

text: World Health Organisation

text: (WHO) Air Quality Guidelines, revised in October.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: not the same as

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Street-level air quality regularly falls short of the government’s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air Quality Objectives,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Objectives,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Street-level air quality

text: RideShare Delaware is DART First State's program to reduce traffic and encourage alternative transportation arrangements.  The program is supported by state and federal funds as a part of Delaware's efforts to maintain air quality. RideShare works in partnership with local and regional agencies towards meeting Federal Air Quality Standards. It helps forms both car pools and van pools. It also offers special programs for students and Delaware employers.

text: RideShare Delaware is

text: DART First State

text: 's program to reduce traffic and encourage alternative transportation arrangements.  The program is supported by state and federal funds as a part of Delaware's efforts to maintain

text: air quality

text: . RideShare works in partnership with local and regional agencies towards meeting Federal Air Quality Standards. It helps forms both car pools and van pools. It also offers special programs for students and Delaware employers.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is RideShare Delaware trying to reduce?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: RideShare Delaware

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: RideShare Delaware

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: traffic

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: traffic

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Federal Air Quality Standards.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: RideShare Delaware

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Federal Air Quality Standards.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: traffic

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: RideShare Delaware

text: At the time of the 1966 smog, air quality measurements were recorded from only a single station, the Harlem Courthouse building on East 121st Street, run by department co-founder Moe Mordecai Braverman and his staff of 15. Taking measurements from a single station meant that the index reflected conditions in that area, but served as a poor gauge of the air across all of New York City. The Interstate Sanitation Commission, a regional agency run by New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut and headquartered in Columbus Circle, also relied on the Harlem Courthouse laboratory. Formed in 1936, the advisory agency was authorized in 1962 by New York and New Jersey to oversee air pollution issues.

text: At the time of the 1966 smog, air quality measurements were recorded from only a single station, the

text: Harlem Courthouse

text: building on East 121st Street, run by department co-founder Moe Mordecai Braverman and his staff of 15. Taking measurements from a single station meant that the index reflected conditions in that area, but served as a poor gauge of the air across all of New York City. The Interstate Sanitation Commission, a regional agency run by New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut and headquartered in

text: Columbus Circle

text: , also relied on the Harlem Courthouse laboratory. Formed in 1936, the advisory agency was authorized in 1962 by New York and New Jersey to oversee air pollution issues.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1966 smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the 1966 smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1966 smog,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1966 smog,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 1966 smog,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 15.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1966 smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1966 smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1966 smog,

text: Donora Smog Museum features a collection of archival materials documenting the Donora Smog of 1948, an air inversion of smog containing fluorine that killed 20 people in Donora, Pennsylvania, United States, a mill town 20 miles south of Pittsburgh on the Monongahela River.

text: Donora Smog Museum features a collection of archival materials documenting the

text: Donora Smog of 1948

text: , an

text: air inversion

text: of

text: smog

text: containing

text: fluorine

text: that killed 20 people in

text: Donora

text: Pennsylvania

text: United States

text: , a mill town 20 miles south of

text: Pittsburgh

text: on the

text: Monongahela River

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fluorine

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Donora Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fluorine

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: fluorine

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Donora Smog of 1948,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fluorine

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 20

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Donora Smog of 1948,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Donora Smog of 1948,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fluorine

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: fluorine

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air inversion of smog

text: NO is a generic term for the mono-nitrogen oxides NO and NO (nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide). They are produced from the reaction among nitrogen, oxygen and even hydrocarbons (during combustion), especially at high temperatures. In areas of high motor vehicle traffic, such as in large cities, the amount of nitrogen oxides emitted into the atmosphere as air pollution can be significant. NO gases are formed whenever combustion occurs in the presence of nitrogen – as in an air-breathing engine; they also are produced naturally by lightning. In atmospheric chemistry, the term means the total concentration of NO and NO. NO gases react to form smog and acid rain as well as being central to the formation of tropospheric ozone.

text: NO is a generic term for the mono-nitrogen oxides NO and NO (

text: nitric oxide

text: and

text: nitrogen dioxide

text: ). They are produced from the reaction among

text: nitrogen

text: oxygen

text: and even

text: hydrocarbons

text: (during

text: combustion

text: ), especially at high temperatures. In areas of high motor vehicle traffic, such as in large cities, the amount of nitrogen oxides emitted into the atmosphere as

text: air pollution

text: can be significant. NO gases are formed whenever combustion occurs in the presence of nitrogen – as in an air-breathing engine; they also are produced naturally by

text: lightning

text: . In

text: atmospheric chemistry

text: , the term means the total concentration of NO and NO. NO gases react to form

text: smog

text: and

text: acid rain

text: as well as being central to the formation of

text: tropospheric ozone

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is a generic term for the mono-nitrogen oxides NO and NO

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: NO gases

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: motor vehicle traffic

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: NO gases are formed whenever combustion occurs in the presence of nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: high motor vehicle traffic,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: high motor vehicle traffic,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NO

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: In areas of high motor vehicle traffic,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NO

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high motor vehicle traffic,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NO gases react to form smog

text: A number of actions have been taken to preserve and further improve air quality and visibility at the Canyon.In 1990, amendments to the Clean Air Act established the Grand Canyon Visibility Transport Commission (GCVTC) to advise the US EPA on strategies for protecting visual air quality on the Colorado Plateau. The GCVTC released its final report in 1996 and initiated the Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAP), a partnership of state, tribal and federal agencies to help coordinate implementation of the Commission’s recommendations.

text: A number of actions have been taken to preserve and further improve air quality and visibility at the Canyon.In 1990, amendments to the

text: Clean Air Act

text: established the Grand Canyon Visibility Transport Commission (GCVTC) to advise the

text: US EPA

text: on strategies for protecting visual air quality on the

text: Colorado Plateau

text: . The GCVTC released its final report in 1996 and initiated the Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAP), a partnership of state, tribal and federal agencies to help coordinate implementation of the Commission’s recommendations.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: amendments to the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990, amendments to the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: EPA on strategies for protecting visual air quality on the Colorado Plateau.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Western Regional Air Partnership

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality and visibility at the Canyon.In

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Grand Canyon Visibility Transport Commission

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Grand Canyon Visibility Transport Commission

text: Smog recording artist Bill Callahan initially wanted to release the album under his own name, stating: "I realized that [Smog is] a really ugly word. I realized I'd been going so many years without even thinking about it. I realized I didn't want to be associated with this thing that doesn't even exist. Because a name is a pretty strong thing, right?". Callahan subsequently began issuing albums under his own name following the release of A River Ain't Too Much to Love.

text: Smog recording artist

text: Bill Callahan

text: initially wanted to release the album under his own name, stating: "I realized that [Smog is] a really ugly word. I realized I'd been going so many years without even thinking about it. I realized I didn't want to be associated with this thing that doesn't even exist. Because a name is a pretty strong thing, right?". Callahan subsequently began issuing albums under his own name following the release of A River Ain't Too Much to Love.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: [Smog is] a really ugly word.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Smog recording artist Bill Callahan

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: [Smog is] a really ugly word.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: [Smog is] a really ugly word.

text: In December 1966, the New York City Administrative Code section on pollutant levels in the air was strengthened by a bill that was later described as the "toughest air pollution control bill in the country" at that time. The city called minor smog alerts in 1967 and 1970; conversely, a four-day inversion similar to Thanksgiving weekend 1966 occurred in September 1969, but it passed without incident — neither smog nor deaths resulted. Norman Cousins, chairman of the mayor's task force on air pollution, credited the regulations enacted since the 1966 smog for the prevention of a comparable September 1969 event. Cousins wrote in a message to Lindsay:

text: In December 1966, the

text: New York City Administrative Code

text: section on pollutant levels in the air was strengthened by a bill that was later described as the "toughest air pollution control bill in the country" at that time. The city called minor smog alerts in 1967 and 1970; conversely, a four-day inversion similar to Thanksgiving weekend 1966 occurred in September 1969, but it passed without incident — neither smog nor deaths resulted. Norman Cousins, chairman of the mayor's task force on air pollution, credited the regulations enacted since the 1966 smog for the prevention of a comparable September 1969 event. Cousins wrote in a message to Lindsay:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutant levels

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: inversion

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1966 smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: neither smog nor deaths resulted. Norman Cousins,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1966 smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: inversion

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1966,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Lindsay:

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1966 smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1966 smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: four-day inversion

text: | style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|75 Wins (44 Knockouts), 5 Defeats, 2 Draw,|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Rd., Time|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes|- align=center|Loss|75-5-2|align=left| Michele Piccirillo|UD|12|1999-05-29|align=left| Bari, Apulia|align=left|For WBU Welterweight title.|- align=center|Win|75-4-2|align=left| Dezi Ford|UD|10|1998-05-29|align=left| Las Vegas Hilton, Las Vegas|align=left||- align=center|Win|74-4-2|align=left| Silvio Rojas|PTS|8|1998-03-21|align=left| Club Acción, Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña, Chaco|align=left||- align=center|Win|73-4-2|align=left| Santiago Ahumada|RTD|1 (10)|1998-02-21|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|72-4-2|align=left| Agustin Gurrola|KO|4 (10)|1997-09-06|align=left| Centro de Educación Física, Ranchos, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|71-4-2|align=left| Alberto Zuluaga|KO|2 (10)|1996-12-14|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss|70-4-2|align=left| Frankie Randall|UD|12|1996-08-16|align=left| Sociedad Alemana, Villa Ballester, Buenos Aires|align=left|Lost WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|70-3-2|align=left| Frankie Randall|TD|5 (12)|1996-01-13|align=left| Jai Alai Fronton, Miami|align=left|Won WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|69-3-2|align=left| Hiroyuki Sakamoto|UD|10|1995-05-06|align=left| Korakuen Hall, Tokyo|align=left||- align=center|Win|68-3-2|align=left| Ildemar Jose Paisan|UD|10|1995-04-08|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss|67-3-2|align=left| Frankie Randall|UD|12|1994-09-17|align=left| MGM Grand, Las Vegas|align=left|Lost WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|67-2-2|align=left| Mario Morales|KO|3 (10)|1993-04-17|align=left| Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|66-2-2|align=left| Eder Gonzalez|TKO|3 (12)|1994-03-18|align=left| MGM Grand, Las Vegas |align=left|Defended WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|65-2-2|align=left| Eder Gonzalez|TKO|7 (12)|1993-12-17|align=left| Club Defensores de Villa Luján, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán |align=left|Defended WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|63-2-2|align=left| Guillermo Cruz|TKO|10 (12)|1993-12-17|align=left| Club Defensores de Villa Luján, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán |align=left|Defended WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|62-2-2|align=left| Jose Rafael Barboza|UD|12|1993-08-13|align=left| Club Atlético Lanús, Lanús, Buenos Aires |align=left|Defended WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|61-2-2|align=left| Hiroyuki Yoshino|TKO|5 (12)|1993-06-23|align=left| Korakuen Hall, Tokyo |align=left|Defended WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|60-2-2|align=left| José Antonio Rivera|TKO|7 (12)|1993-04-10|align=left| Estadio Super Domo, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires |align=left|Defended WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|59-2-2|align=left| Domingo Martínez|KO|3|1993-02-22|align=left| Estadio Super Domo, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|58-2-2|align=left| Morris East|TKO|8 (12)|1993-01-12|align=left| Estadio Super Domo, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires |align=left|Won WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|57-2-2|align=left| Juan Alberto Contreras|KO|8 (10)|1992-09-11|align=left| Bella Vista, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|56-2-2|align=left| Eduardo Jacques|KO|6|1992-08-14|align=left| Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|55-2-2|align=left| Francisco Frasqueri|PTS|10|1992-05-02|align=left| Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|54-2-2|align=left| Julián Rodriguez|KO|3 (10)|1992-04-03|align=left| La Plata, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|53-2-2|align=left| Joseph Alexander|PTS|10|1991-11-17|align=left| Carpentras, Vaucluse |align=left||- align=center|Win|52-2-2|align=left| Juan Alberto Contreras|KO|10|1991-09-06|align=left| Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|51-2-2|align=left| Fernando Segura|KO|7|1991-07-27|align=left| Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|50-2-2|align=left| Francisco Cuesta|PTS|10|1991-06-29|align=left| Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|49-2-2|align=left| Ricardo Espinosa|KO|5 (10)|1991-04-13|align=left| San Salvador de Jujuy, Jujuy |align=left||- align=center|Win|48-2-2|align=left| Dwayne Swift|PTS|8|1991-03-07|align=left| Palacio de Deportes, Madrid, Madrid |align=left||- align=center|Win|47-2-2|align=left| Nestor Gil|PTS|10|1990-12-21|align=left| Cañuelas, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|46-2-2|align=left| Alberto Alcaraz|TKO|7 (10)|1990-12-01|align=left| ARCO Arena, Sacramento, California |align=left||- align=center|Win|45-2-2|align=left| Jorge Tejada|PTS|10|1990-11-10|align=left| Villa Dolores, Córdoba |align=left||- align=center|Loss|44-2-2|align=left| Loreto Garza|MD|12|1990-04-23|align=left| Palais des Congrès Acropolis, Nice, Alpes-Maritimes |align=left|Lost WBA Light Welterweight title.|- align=center|Win|44-1-2|align=left| Danilo Cabrera|KO|5|1990-04-23|align=left| Nogent-le-Phaye, Eure-et-Loir |align=left||- align=center|Win|43-1-2|align=left| José Luis Ramírez|UD|12|1990-03-24|align=left| Ajaccio, Corse-du-Sud |align=left|Defends WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|42-1-2|align=left| Jesse Williams|KO|4 (8)|1989-12-30|align=left| Amiens, Somme |align=left||- align=center|Win|41-1-2|align=left| Antonio Ojeda|PTS|10|1989-10-14|align=left| Concordia, Entre Ríos |align=left||- align=center|Win|40-1-2|align=left| Omar Alegre|TKO|9 (10)|1989-09-22|align=left| Córdoba, Córdoba |align=left||- align=center|Win|39-1-2|align=left| Akinobu Hiranaka|UD|12|1989-04-29|align=left| Palazzo dello Sport, Vasto, Abruzzo |align=left|Defends WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|38-1-2|align=left| Raul Bianco|KO|2 (10)|1989-02-25|align=left| Villa Carlos Paz, Córdoba |align=left||- align=center|Win|37-1-2|align=left| Harold Brazier|UD|12|1989-01-21|align=left| Palazzo dello Sport, Vasto, Abruzzo |align=left|Defends WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|36-1-2|align=left| Jorge Tejada|PTS|10|1988-12-02|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|35-1-2|align=left| Jorge Tejada|PTS|10|1988-10-14|align=left| Guernica, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|34-1-2|align=left| Osvaldo Maldonado|KO|6 (10)|1988-08-12|align=left| Trelew, Chubut |align=left||- align=center|Win|33-1-2|align=left| Lee Sang-Ho|KO|2 (12)|1988-05-07|align=left| Roseto degli Abruzzi, Abruzzo |align=left|Defends WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|32-1-2|align=left| Mario Araya|KO|6 (10)|1988-02-19|align=left| Catamarca, Catamarca |align=left||- align=center|Win|31-1-2|align=left| Patrizio Oliva|KO|3 (15)|1987-07-04|align=left| Palazzo dello Sport, Ribera, Sicily |align=left|Won WBA Light Welterweight title|- align=center|Win|30-1-2|align=left| José Magarino|KO|5 (10)|1987-04-04|align=left| General Roca, Río Negro |align=left||- align=center|Win|29-1-2|align=left| Hugo Hernandez|KO|3 (12)|1986-10-25|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires |align=left|Won Argentina Light Welterweight Title.|- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw|28-1-2|align=left| Ramon Collado|PTS|10|1986-07-19|align=left| La Plata, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|28-1-1|align=left| Jose Luis Saldivia|KO|2 (10)|1986-06-14|align=left| Santa María, Córdoba |align=left||- align=center|Win|27-1-1|align=left| Edecio Molina Ortiz|PTS|10|1986-04-05|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|26-1-1|align=left| Sergio Brites|KO|5 (10)|1986-03-07|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|25-1-1|align=left| Ruben Verdun|TD|7 (10)|1985-10-26|align=left| Rojas, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|24-1-1|align=left| Oscar Sosa|RTD|7 (10)|1985-08-31|align=left| Rojas, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw|23-1-1|align=left| Ramon Collado|PTS|10|1985-06-20|align=left| Las Flores, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|23-1-0|align=left| Ramon Jara|TKO|7 (10)|1985-05-11|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Loss|22-1-0|align=left| Adolfo Omar Arce Rossi|PTS|10|1985-03-09|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|22-0-0|align=left| Miguel Angel Pereyra|PTS|10|1985-02-22|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires |align=left||- align=center|Win|21-0-0|align=left| Marcelo Villagra|PTS|10|1984-11-11|align=left| |align=left||- align=center|Win|20-0-0|align=left| Ramon Collado|PTS|10|1984-09-01|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|19-0-0|align=left| Pedro Gutierrez|KO|1 (10)|1984-08-10|align=left| La Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|18-0-0|align=left| Ricardo Espinosa|TKO|2 (10)|1984-06-23|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|17-0-0|align=left| Ricardo Espinosa|PTS|10|1984-03-09|align=left| Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|16-0-0|align=left| Marcelo Villagra|PTS|10|1984-02-10|align=left| Las Flores, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|15-0-0|align=left| Romulo Ibarra|PTS|10|1983-12-23|align=left| Brandsen, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|14-0-0|align=left| Anibal Ozuna|KO|2 (10)|1983-12-07|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|13-0-0|align=left| Apolinario Romero|PTS|10|1983-11-09|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|12-0-0|align=left| Anibal Ozuna|PTS|10|1983-10-14|align=left| La Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|11-0-0|align=left| Sergio Brites|KO|2 (10)|1983-06-15|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|10-0-0|align=left| Apolinario Romero|PTS|10|1983-05-18|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|9-0-0|align=left| Carlos Fallone|KO|7 (10)|1983-04-08|align=left| José C. Paz, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|8-0-0|align=left| Osvaldo Colros|KO|1 (10)|1983-02-11|align=left| Brandsen, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|7-0-0|align=left| Norberto Ramirez|PTS|8|1982-12-10|align=left| Brandsen, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|6-0-0|align=left| Carlos Fallone|KO|7 (8)|1982-11-12|align=left| Brandsen, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|5-0-0|align=left| Rogelio Florentin|KO|2 (6)|1982-10-27|align=left| Brandsen, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|4-0-0|align=left| Felipe Baez|TKO|4 (10)|1982-09-10|align=left| Brandsen, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|3-0-0|align=left| Raul Gramasco|KO|2 (6)|1982-06-11|align=left| Brandsen, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|2-0-0|align=left| Viterman Sanchez|PTS|6|1982-05-07|align=left| La Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win|1-0-0|align=left| Horacio Valdez|KO|4 (6)|1982-04-02|align=left| La Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||}

text: | style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|75 Wins (44 Knockouts), 5 Defeats, 2 Draw,|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Rd., Time|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes|- align=center|Loss|75-5-2|align=left|

text: Michele Piccirillo

text: Bari

text: Apulia

text: |align=left|For

text: WBU

text: Welterweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win|75-4-2|align=left| Dezi Ford|UD|10|1998-05-29|align=left|

text: Las Vegas Hilton

text: Las Vegas

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|74-4-2|align=left| Silvio Rojas|PTS|8|1998-03-21|align=left| Club Acción,

text: Presidencia Roque Sáenz Peña

text: Chaco

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|73-4-2|align=left| Santiago Ahumada|RTD|1 (10)|1998-02-21|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|72-4-2|align=left| Agustin Gurrola|KO|4 (10)|1997-09-06|align=left| Centro de Educación Física,

text: Ranchos

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|71-4-2|align=left| Alberto Zuluaga|KO|2 (10)|1996-12-14|align=left| Canal 9 Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss|70-4-2|align=left|

text: Frankie Randall

text: |UD|12|1996-08-16|align=left| Sociedad Alemana,

text: Villa Ballester

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Lost

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|70-3-2|align=left|

text: Frankie Randall

text: |TD|5 (12)|1996-01-13|align=left| Jai Alai Fronton,

text: Miami

text: |align=left|Won

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|69-3-2|align=left| Hiroyuki Sakamoto|UD|10|1995-05-06|align=left|

text: Korakuen Hall

text: , Tokyo|align=left||- align=center|Win|68-3-2|align=left| Ildemar Jose Paisan|UD|10|1995-04-08|align=left| Canal 9 Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss|67-3-2|align=left|

text: Frankie Randall

text: MGM Grand

text: Las Vegas

text: |align=left|Lost

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|67-2-2|align=left| Mario Morales|KO|3 (10)|1993-04-17|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|66-2-2|align=left| Eder Gonzalez|TKO|3 (12)|1994-03-18|align=left|

text: MGM Grand

text: Las Vegas

text: |align=left|Defended

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|65-2-2|align=left| Eder Gonzalez|TKO|7 (12)|1993-12-17|align=left| Club Defensores de Villa Luján,

text: San Miguel de Tucumán

text: Tucumán

text: |align=left|Defended

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|63-2-2|align=left| Guillermo Cruz|TKO|10 (12)|1993-12-17|align=left| Club Defensores de Villa Luján,

text: San Miguel de Tucumán

text: Tucumán

text: |align=left|Defended

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|62-2-2|align=left| Jose Rafael Barboza|UD|12|1993-08-13|align=left| Club Atlético Lanús,

text: Lanús

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Defended

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|61-2-2|align=left| Hiroyuki Yoshino|TKO|5 (12)|1993-06-23|align=left|

text: Korakuen Hall

text: , Tokyo |align=left|Defended

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|60-2-2|align=left|

text: José Antonio Rivera

text: |TKO|7 (12)|1993-04-10|align=left| Estadio Super Domo,

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Defended

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|59-2-2|align=left| Domingo Martínez|KO|3|1993-02-22|align=left| Estadio Super Domo,

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|58-2-2|align=left|

text: Morris East

text: |TKO|8 (12)|1993-01-12|align=left| Estadio Super Domo,

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|57-2-2|align=left| Juan Alberto Contreras|KO|8 (10)|1992-09-11|align=left|

text: Bella Vista

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|56-2-2|align=left| Eduardo Jacques|KO|6|1992-08-14|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|55-2-2|align=left| Francisco Frasqueri|PTS|10|1992-05-02|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|54-2-2|align=left| Julián Rodriguez|KO|3 (10)|1992-04-03|align=left|

text: La Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|53-2-2|align=left| Joseph Alexander|PTS|10|1991-11-17|align=left|

text: Carpentras

text: Vaucluse

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|52-2-2|align=left| Juan Alberto Contreras|KO|10|1991-09-06|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|51-2-2|align=left| Fernando Segura|KO|7|1991-07-27|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|50-2-2|align=left| Francisco Cuesta|PTS|10|1991-06-29|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|49-2-2|align=left| Ricardo Espinosa|KO|5 (10)|1991-04-13|align=left|

text: San Salvador de Jujuy

text: Jujuy

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|48-2-2|align=left| Dwayne Swift|PTS|8|1991-03-07|align=left|

text: Palacio de Deportes

text: Madrid

text: Madrid

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|47-2-2|align=left| Nestor Gil|PTS|10|1990-12-21|align=left|

text: Cañuelas

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|46-2-2|align=left| Alberto Alcaraz|TKO|7 (10)|1990-12-01|align=left|

text: ARCO Arena

text: Sacramento, California

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|45-2-2|align=left| Jorge Tejada|PTS|10|1990-11-10|align=left|

text: Villa Dolores

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss|44-2-2|align=left|

text: Loreto Garza

text: Palais des Congrès Acropolis

text: Nice

text: Alpes-Maritimes

text: |align=left|Lost

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win|44-1-2|align=left| Danilo Cabrera|KO|5|1990-04-23|align=left|

text: Nogent-le-Phaye

text: Eure-et-Loir

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|43-1-2|align=left|

text: José Luis Ramírez

text: Ajaccio

text: Corse-du-Sud

text: |align=left|Defends

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|42-1-2|align=left| Jesse Williams|KO|4 (8)|1989-12-30|align=left|

text: Amiens

text: Somme

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|41-1-2|align=left| Antonio Ojeda|PTS|10|1989-10-14|align=left|

text: Concordia

text: Entre Ríos

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|40-1-2|align=left| Omar Alegre|TKO|9 (10)|1989-09-22|align=left|

text: Córdoba

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|39-1-2|align=left|

text: Akinobu Hiranaka

text: |UD|12|1989-04-29|align=left| Palazzo dello Sport,

text: Vasto

text: Abruzzo

text: |align=left|Defends

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|38-1-2|align=left| Raul Bianco|KO|2 (10)|1989-02-25|align=left|

text: Villa Carlos Paz

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|37-1-2|align=left|

text: Harold Brazier

text: |UD|12|1989-01-21|align=left| Palazzo dello Sport,

text: Vasto

text: Abruzzo

text: |align=left|Defends

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|36-1-2|align=left| Jorge Tejada|PTS|10|1988-12-02|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|35-1-2|align=left| Jorge Tejada|PTS|10|1988-10-14|align=left|

text: Guernica, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|34-1-2|align=left| Osvaldo Maldonado|KO|6 (10)|1988-08-12|align=left|

text: Trelew

text: Chubut

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|33-1-2|align=left| Lee Sang-Ho|KO|2 (12)|1988-05-07|align=left|

text: Roseto degli Abruzzi

text: Abruzzo

text: |align=left|Defends

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|32-1-2|align=left| Mario Araya|KO|6 (10)|1988-02-19|align=left|

text: Catamarca

text: Catamarca

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|31-1-2|align=left|

text: Patrizio Oliva

text: |KO|3 (15)|1987-07-04|align=left| Palazzo dello Sport,

text: Ribera

text: Sicily

text: |align=left|Won

text: WBA

text: Light Welterweight

text: title|- align=center|Win|30-1-2|align=left| José Magarino|KO|5 (10)|1987-04-04|align=left|

text: General Roca

text: Río Negro

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|29-1-2|align=left| Hugo Hernandez|KO|3 (12)|1986-10-25|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won Argentina

text: Light Welterweight

text: Title.|- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw|28-1-2|align=left| Ramon Collado|PTS|10|1986-07-19|align=left|

text: La Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|28-1-1|align=left| Jose Luis Saldivia|KO|2 (10)|1986-06-14|align=left| Santa María,

text: Córdoba

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|27-1-1|align=left| Edecio Molina Ortiz|PTS|10|1986-04-05|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|26-1-1|align=left| Sergio Brites|KO|5 (10)|1986-03-07|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|25-1-1|align=left| Ruben Verdun|TD|7 (10)|1985-10-26|align=left|

text: Rojas

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|24-1-1|align=left| Oscar Sosa|RTD|7 (10)|1985-08-31|align=left|

text: Rojas

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw|23-1-1|align=left| Ramon Collado|PTS|10|1985-06-20|align=left|

text: Las Flores

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|23-1-0|align=left| Ramon Jara|TKO|7 (10)|1985-05-11|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss|22-1-0|align=left| Adolfo Omar Arce Rossi|PTS|10|1985-03-09|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|22-0-0|align=left| Miguel Angel Pereyra|PTS|10|1985-02-22|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|21-0-0|align=left| Marcelo Villagra|PTS|10|1984-11-11|align=left| |align=left||- align=center|Win|20-0-0|align=left| Ramon Collado|PTS|10|1984-09-01|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|19-0-0|align=left| Pedro Gutierrez|KO|1 (10)|1984-08-10|align=left|

text: La Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|18-0-0|align=left| Ricardo Espinosa|TKO|2 (10)|1984-06-23|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|17-0-0|align=left| Ricardo Espinosa|PTS|10|1984-03-09|align=left|

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|16-0-0|align=left| Marcelo Villagra|PTS|10|1984-02-10|align=left|

text: Las Flores

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|15-0-0|align=left| Romulo Ibarra|PTS|10|1983-12-23|align=left|

text: Brandsen

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|14-0-0|align=left| Anibal Ozuna|KO|2 (10)|1983-12-07|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|13-0-0|align=left| Apolinario Romero|PTS|10|1983-11-09|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|12-0-0|align=left| Anibal Ozuna|PTS|10|1983-10-14|align=left|

text: La Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|11-0-0|align=left| Sergio Brites|KO|2 (10)|1983-06-15|align=left|

text: Luna Park, Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|10-0-0|align=left| Apolinario Romero|PTS|10|1983-05-18|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|9-0-0|align=left| Carlos Fallone|KO|7 (10)|1983-04-08|align=left|

text: José C. Paz

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|8-0-0|align=left| Osvaldo Colros|KO|1 (10)|1983-02-11|align=left|

text: Brandsen

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|7-0-0|align=left| Norberto Ramirez|PTS|8|1982-12-10|align=left|

text: Brandsen

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|6-0-0|align=left| Carlos Fallone|KO|7 (8)|1982-11-12|align=left|

text: Brandsen

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|5-0-0|align=left| Rogelio Florentin|KO|2 (6)|1982-10-27|align=left|

text: Brandsen

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|4-0-0|align=left| Felipe Baez|TKO|4 (10)|1982-09-10|align=left|

text: Brandsen

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|3-0-0|align=left| Raul Gramasco|KO|2 (6)|1982-06-11|align=left|

text: Brandsen

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|2-0-0|align=left| Viterman Sanchez|PTS|6|1982-05-07|align=left|

text: La Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win|1-0-0|align=left| Horacio Valdez|KO|4 (6)|1982-04-02|align=left|

text: La Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||}

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: all air pollutants are human-made materials

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a major problem

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: as of 2013, the clean air act regulates this many pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: | style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|most of the smoggiest cities in the united states were in california

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog can build up on a winter day because inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: background:#e3e3e3;"|

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: (10)|1997-09-06|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Buenos Aires|align=left||-

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Las Vegas|align=left||-

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: (44

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Las Vegas|align=left||-

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Ford|UD|10|1998-05-29|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: align=center|Win|74-4-2|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Las Vegas|align=left||-

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: WBU Welterweight

text: Yeager is a former member of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District Board of Directors. In that role, he served four years as a Governor's appointee representing BAAQMD on the California Air Resources Board.

text: Yeager is a former member of the

entity_name: Bay Area Air Quality Management District

text: Bay Area Air Quality Management District

text: Board of Directors. In that role, he served four years as a Governor's appointee representing BAAQMD on the

text: California Air Resources Board

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Yeager is a former member of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: California Air Resources Board.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Bay Area Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Bay Area Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California Air Resources Board.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Bay Area Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Bay Area Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Bay Area Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: California Air Resources Board.

text: For best possible quality natural diamonds are used as single-point cutting elements during the final stages of the machining process. A CNC SPDT lathe rests atop a high-quality granite base with micrometer surface finish quality. The granite base is placed on air suspension on a solid foundation, keeping its working surface strictly horizontal. The machine tool components are placed on top of the granite base and can be moved with high degree of accuracy using a high-pressure air cushion or hydraulic suspension. The machined element is attached to an air chuck using negative air pressure and is usually centered manually using a micrometer. The chuck itself is separated from the electric motor that spins it by another air suspension.

text: For best possible quality natural diamonds are used as single-point cutting elements during the final stages of the machining process. A CNC SPDT lathe rests atop a high-quality

text: granite

text: base with micrometer surface finish quality. The granite base is placed on air suspension on a solid foundation, keeping its working surface strictly horizontal. The machine tool components are placed on top of the granite base and can be moved with high degree of accuracy using a high-pressure air cushion or hydraulic suspension. The machined element is attached to an air

text: chuck

text: using negative air pressure and is usually centered manually using a micrometer. The chuck itself is separated from the electric motor that spins it by another air suspension.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air cushion or hydraulic suspension.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: final stages of the machining process.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: negative air pressure

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: a high-pressure air cushion or hydraulic suspension.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: a high-pressure air cushion

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: a high-pressure air cushion or hydraulic suspension.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: high-pressure air cushion

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: high-pressure air cushion or hydraulic suspension.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high-pressure air cushion or hydraulic suspension.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air chuck using negative air pressure

text: Frescati (sometimes misspelled 'Frascati') was an estate situated in Blackrock, Dublin, between the mountains and the sea. During the eighteenth century, Blackrock was favoured with the well-to-do of Ireland and grew into a fashionable seaside resort. The gentry of smog-ridden Dublin advanced into the area to embrace the sea air. It was around this period that a number of marine villas were built around Blackrock – including Maretimo, Carysfort, Lios an Uisce, Sans Souci and others. Frescati House was built in 1739 for the family of John Hely Hutchinson, the Provost of Trinity College.

text: Frescati (sometimes misspelled 'Frascati') was an estate situated in

text: Blackrock, Dublin

text: , between the mountains and the sea. During the eighteenth century, Blackrock was favoured with the well-to-do of Ireland and grew into a fashionable seaside resort. The gentry of smog-ridden

text: Dublin

text: advanced into the area to embrace the

text: sea air

text: . It was around this period that a number of marine villas were built around Blackrock – including Maretimo, Carysfort, Lios an Uisce, Sans Souci and others. Frescati House was built in 1739 for the family of

text: John Hely Hutchinson

text: , the Provost of

text: Trinity College

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 18th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog-ridden Dublin

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog-ridden

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: eighteenth century,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog-ridden

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: smog-ridden Dublin advanced into the area to embrace the sea air.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1739

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog-ridden Dublin

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog-ridden

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog-ridden

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog-ridden Dublin advanced into the area to embrace the sea air.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog-ridden Dublin advanced into the area to embrace the sea air.

text: It was after this that the great clean-up of London began. One by one, historical buildings which, during the previous two centuries had gradually completely blackened externally, had their stone facades cleaned and restored to their original appearance. Victorian buildings whose appearance changed dramatically after cleaning included the British Museum of Natural History. A more recent example was the Palace of Westminster, which was cleaned in the 1980s. A notable exception to the restoration trend was 10 Downing Street, whose bricks upon cleaning in the late 1950s proved to be naturally yellow; the smog-derived black colour of the façade was considered so iconic that the bricks were painted black to preserve the image. Smog caused by traffic pollution, however, does still occur in modern London.

text: It was after this that the great clean-up of London began. One by one, historical buildings which, during the previous two centuries had gradually completely blackened externally, had their stone facades cleaned and restored to their original appearance. Victorian buildings whose appearance changed dramatically after cleaning included the

text: British Museum of Natural History

text: . A more recent example was the

text: Palace of Westminster

text: , which was cleaned in the 1980s. A notable exception to the restoration trend was

text: 10 Downing Street

text: , whose bricks upon cleaning in the late 1950s proved to be naturally yellow; the smog-derived black colour of the façade was considered so iconic that the bricks were painted black to preserve the image. Smog caused by traffic pollution, however, does still occur in modern London.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: previous two centuries

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: traffic pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: traffic

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: traffic pollution,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: previous two centuries

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog caused by traffic pollution,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: traffic pollution,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: traffic pollution,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog caused by traffic pollution, however, does still occur in modern London.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog caused by traffic pollution,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: traffic pollution,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: traffic pollution,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog caused by traffic pollution,

text: With the promotion of alternative fuels concerns arise regarding their impact on the environment. To address these concerns Title II makes a number of specific changes to existing policies. Changes include the extension of EPAs authority under the Clean Air Act (CAA) to control engines, vehicles, fuels, and fuel additives to include effects on water pollution. Additionally, the EPA administrator is to study adverse effects on air quality resulting from the expansion of the RFS and to promulgate regulations to mitigate said effects.Another area of particular interest is greenhouse gas emission reductions and energy consumption during production and use of alternative fuels. As such, EISA Title II requires the Department of Energy (DOE) to expand biological research and development program to include environmental effects, GHG reduction potential, and sustainable agriculture potential. > Furthermore, The Secretary of Energy is to develop tools for evaluating life cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions from biofuels.

text: With the promotion of alternative fuels concerns arise regarding their impact on the environment. To address these concerns Title II makes a number of specific changes to existing policies. Changes include the extension of EPAs authority under the Clean Air Act (CAA) to control engines, vehicles, fuels, and fuel additives to include effects on water pollution. Additionally, the EPA administrator is to study adverse effects on air quality resulting from the expansion of the RFS and to promulgate regulations to mitigate said effects.Another area of particular interest is greenhouse gas emission reductions and energy consumption during production and use of alternative fuels. As such, EISA Title II requires the Department of Energy (DOE) to expand biological research and development program to include environmental effects, GHG reduction potential, and sustainable agriculture potential. > Furthermore, The Secretary of Energy is to develop tools for evaluating life cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions from biofuels.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: GHG emissions from biofuels

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: To address these concerns

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: engines, vehicles, fuels, and fuel additives

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: expansion of the RFS

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: water pollution.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: alternative fuels

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: engines, vehicles, fuels, and fuel additives

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: alternative fuels concerns arise regarding their impact on the environment.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: water pollution.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: water pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act

text: Local environment, especially Air Quality Index, is monitored by China's Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) and city government. A record of daily air quality has been kept and published by local government. To read the data, just visit http://www.czshb.gov.cn or directly type http://202.97.152.195:85/cz/ribao/index.asp for details of daily or real-time air quality. Changzhi is still on her way to a beautiful modern city with satisfied air quality and lots of efforts should be made in the future.

text: Local environment, especially

text: Air Quality Index

text: , is monitored by China's Ministry of Environmental Protection (

entity_name: Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China

text: MEP

text: ) and city government. A record of daily air quality has been kept and published by local government. To read the data, just visit http://www.czshb.gov.cn or directly type http://202.97.152.195:85/cz/ribao/index.asp for details of daily or real-time air quality. Changzhi is still on her way to a beautiful modern city with satisfied air quality and lots of efforts should be made in the future.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: modern

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality index

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: lots of efforts should be made in the future.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: China's

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: lots of efforts should be made in the future.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: China's Ministry of Environmental Protection

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Quality Index, is monitored by China's Ministry of Environmental Protection

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air Quality Index,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Index, is monitored by China's Ministry of Environmental Protection

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Quality Index, is monitored by China's Ministry of Environmental Protection

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: lots of efforts should be made in the future.

text: The Urban Airshed Model, a regional forecast model for the effects of air pollution and acid rain, was developed by a private company in the USA in 1970.  Development of this model was taken over by the Environmental Protection Agency and improved in the mid to late 1970s using results from a regional air pollution study.  While developed in California, this model was later used in other areas of North America, Europe and Asia during the 1980s.  The Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ) is an open source air quality model run within the United States in conjunction with the NAM mesoscale model since 2004.  The first operational air quality model in Canada, Canadian Hemispheric and Regional Ozone and NOx System (CHRONOS), began to be run in 2001.  It was replaced with the Global Environmental Multiscale model - Modelling Air quality and Chemistry (GEM-MACH) model in November 2009.

text: The Urban Airshed Model, a regional forecast model for the effects of

text: air pollution

text: and

text: acid rain

text: , was developed by a private company in the USA in 1970.  Development of this model was taken over by the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: and improved in the mid to late 1970s using results from a regional air pollution study.  While developed in

text: California

text: , this model was later used in other areas of

text: North America

text: Europe

text: and

text: Asia

text: during the 1980s.  The Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ) is an

text: open source

text: air quality model run within the United States in conjunction with the NAM mesoscale model since 2004.  The first operational air quality model in Canada, Canadian Hemispheric and Regional Ozone and NOx System (CHRONOS), began to be run in 2001.  It was replaced with the Global Environmental Multiscale model - Modelling Air quality and Chemistry (GEM-MACH) model in November 2009.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Urban Airshed Model

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: urban airshed model

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NOx

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Urban Airshed Model

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution and acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NOx

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution and acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Ozone and NOx

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Urban Airshed Model,

text: Congress added an operating permit program to the 1990 Clean Air Act for larger industries and commercial sources that release toxins into the air. These permits have information about which pollutants are emitted, how much may be emitted, and what actions the person in charge is taking to minimize the pollution. Permits must also state plans to measure and report the air pollution produced. The EPA is also responsible for making sure each state and tribe abides by the permits. For businesses that qualify for more than one thing under the Clean Air Act, operating permits are helpful because the information is all there. These permits tell them exactly what they need to do to prevent pollution. Now the EPA is more powerful in being able to enforce the rules instead of having to handle everything in court. The EPA can either "issue an order requiring the violator to comply, issue and administrative penalty order, or bring a civil judicial action".

text: Congress added an operating permit program to the 1990 Clean Air Act for larger industries and commercial sources that release toxins into the air. These permits have information about which pollutants are emitted, how much may be emitted, and what actions the person in charge is taking to minimize the pollution. Permits must also state plans to measure and report the air pollution produced. The EPA is also responsible for making sure each state and tribe abides by the permits. For businesses that qualify for more than one thing under the Clean Air Act, operating permits are helpful because the information is all there. These permits tell them exactly what they need to do to prevent pollution. Now the EPA is more powerful in being able to enforce the rules instead of having to handle everything in court. The EPA can either "issue an order requiring the violator to comply, issue and administrative penalty order, or bring a civil judicial action".

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: toxins

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: large industries

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: toxins

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: toxins

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: larger industries

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: more than one thing under the Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Congress added an operating permit program to the 1990 Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Congress added an operating permit program to the 1990 Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: larger industries

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Congress added an operating permit program to the 1990 Clean Air Act

text: Nearly 600 firefighters were working to contain the fire by September 21, as the air became drier. Two days later, on September 23, the Lane Regional Air Protection Agency rated the air quality in the "unhealthy" category for Eugene, and reported that the air quality was better in Oakridge. NASA satellite images showed that the smoke was being blown into British Columbia.

text: Nearly 600 firefighters were working to contain the fire by September 21, as the air became drier. Two days later, on September 23, the Lane Regional Air Protection Agency rated the air quality in the "unhealthy" category for Eugene, and reported that the air quality was better in Oakridge.

text: NASA

text: satellite images showed that the smoke was being blown into

text: British Columbia

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unhealthy

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unhealthy

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unhealthy

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unhealthy

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: "unhealthy" category

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "unhealthy" category

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "unhealthy"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fire by September 21, as the air became drier.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 600

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "unhealthy" category

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "unhealthy" category

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "unhealthy" category

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: drier.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "unhealthy" category

text: In roughly a 50-mile (80 km) radius of the Houston–Galveston and Dallas–Ft. Worth regions, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality convinced the Texas Department of Transportation to reduce the speed limit on all roads with 70 mph (113 km/h) or 65 mph (105 km/h) speed limits by 5 mph. This was instituted as part of a plan to reduce smog-forming emissions in areas out of compliance with the federal Clean Air Act.

text: In roughly a 50-mile (80 km) radius of the

text: Houston

text: Galveston

text: and

text: Dallas

text: Ft. Worth

text: regions, the

entity_name: Texas Commission on Environmental Quality

text: Texas Commission on Environmental Quality

text: convinced the

text: Texas Department of Transportation

text: to reduce the speed limit on all roads with 70 mph (113 km/h) or 65 mph (105 km/h) speed limits by 5 mph. This was instituted as part of a plan to reduce smog-forming emissions in areas out of compliance with the federal

text: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog-forming emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog-forming

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: emissions in areas out of compliance with the federal Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 70 mph (113

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Houston–Galveston and Dallas–Ft. Worth

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog-forming emissions

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog-forming emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: out of compliance with the federal Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act.

text: None of the complete, aired episodes have been officially released as of September 2015, while the five Swedish compilation episodes were released on DVD in 2007. This includes the Four Yorkshiremen sketch, written and performed by Cleese, Chapman, Brooke-Taylor and Feldman. The DVDs were issued by Pinnacle Vision in the UK (Region 2) and by Tango Entertainment in the US (Region 1). The DVD incorrectly states these as "recently recovered episodes", titles them as "episodes [1-5]", and also presents them in the wrong series order, with no mention on the DVD that the content is in fact a compilation. Interestingly, Eric Idle appears in three of the episodes (2, 4, and 5). The episodes on all DVD releases are soft, grainy, and generally low picture quality, even considering the material's age. In recent years, several of the surviving, original episodes have been illegally uploaded on YouTube and other video-sharing websites; often in a much sharper quality than the compilation material.

text: None of the complete, aired episodes have been officially released as of September 2015, while the five Swedish compilation episodes were released on DVD in 2007. This includes the

text: Four Yorkshiremen sketch

text: , written and performed by Cleese, Chapman, Brooke-Taylor and Feldman. The DVDs were issued by Pinnacle Vision in the UK (Region 2) and by Tango Entertainment in the

text: US

text: (Region 1). The DVD incorrectly states these as "recently recovered episodes", titles them as "episodes [1-5]", and also presents them in the wrong series order, with no mention on the DVD that the content is in fact a compilation. Interestingly,

text: Eric Idle

text: appears in three of the episodes (2, 4, and 5). The episodes on all DVD releases are soft, grainy, and generally low picture quality, even considering the material's age. In recent years, several of the surviving, original episodes have been illegally uploaded on YouTube and other video-sharing websites; often in a much sharper quality than the compilation material.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Four Yorkshiremen

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 2015,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 2015,

text: An air quality index (AQI) is a number used by government agencies  to communicate to the public how polluted the air currently is or how polluted it is forecast to become. As the AQI increases, an increasingly large percentage of the population is likely to experience increasingly severe adverse health effects. Different countries have their own air quality indices, corresponding to different national air quality standards. Some of these are the Air Quality Health Index (Canada), the Air Pollution Index (Malaysia), and the Pollutant Standards Index (Singapore).

text: An air quality index (AQI) is a number used by

text: government agencies

text: to communicate to the public how

text: polluted

text: the air currently is or how polluted it is forecast to become. As the AQI increases, an increasingly large percentage of the population is likely to experience increasingly severe adverse health effects. Different countries have their own air quality indices, corresponding to different national air quality standards. Some of these are the

text: Air Quality Health Index (Canada)

text: , the

text: Air Pollution Index

text: (Malaysia), and the

text: Pollutant Standards Index

text: (Singapore).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: how polluted the air currently is

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: AQI increases

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: AQI

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality index (AQI)

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: increasingly large percentage of the population is likely to experience increasingly severe adverse health effects.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Pollution Index (Malaysia),

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality index

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Pollutant Standards Index

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: An air quality index

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality index

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Health Index (Canada), the Air Pollution Index

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: polluted

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: An air quality index (AQI)

text: The Air Quality Health Index  or  (AQHI) is a scale designed in Canada to help understand the impact of air quality on health. It is a health protection tool used to make decisions to reduce short-term exposure to air pollution by adjusting activity levels during increased levels of air pollution. The Air Quality Health Index also provides advice on how to improve air quality by proposing behavioral change to reduce the environmental footprint. This index pays particular attention to people who are sensitive to air pollution. It  provides them with advice on how to protect their health during air quality levels associated with low, moderate, high and very high health risks.

text: The Air Quality Health Index  or  (AQHI) is a scale designed in

text: Canada

text: to help understand the impact of

text: air quality

text: on health. It is a health protection tool used to make decisions to reduce short-term exposure to air pollution by adjusting activity levels during increased levels of air pollution. The Air Quality Health Index also provides advice on how to improve air quality by proposing behavioral change to reduce the

text: environmental footprint

text: . This index pays particular attention to people who are sensitive to air pollution. It  provides them with advice on how to protect their health during air quality levels associated with low, moderate, high and very high health risks.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It is impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a health protection tool

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: environmental footprint.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: low, moderate, high and very high

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Air Quality Health Index

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: low, moderate, high and very high health risks.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

text: The Clean Air Act requires state agencies to determine optimal methods of preventing air quality degradation in areas that meet national clean air standards.  The Act prohibits construction of major air polluting facilities not equipped with "the best available control technology" (BACT).

text: The

text: Clean Air Act

text: requires state agencies to determine optimal methods of preventing air quality degradation in areas that meet national clean air standards.  The Act prohibits construction of major air polluting facilities not equipped with "the best available control technology" (BACT).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality degradation

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air polluting facilities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality degradation

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: national clean air standards.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality degradation

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: national clean air standards.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act

text: Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management (also known as Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management) was a commission authorized as part of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 to develop recommendations for how the United States Environmental Protection Agency would perform risk assessment as a part of developing air quality requlations.

text: Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management (also known as Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management) was a commission authorized as part of the

text: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990

text: to develop recommendations for how the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: would perform

text: risk assessment

text: as a part of developing

text: air quality

text: requlations.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management)

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management

text: The smog is commonly cited as one of the most-visible and most-discussed environmental disasters of the 1960s in the United States, alongside the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill and the 1969 Cuyahoga River fire. National public awareness of the smog and its health effects spurred the nascent environmental movement in the United States and galvanized support for legislation to regulate air pollution. Vernon McKenzie, chief of the air pollution division of the federal Public Health Service, called the smog "a warning of what can happen — and will happen — with increasing frequency and in wider areas unless something is done to prevent it." In the 1968 book Killer Smog, William Wise warned that the 1966 smog was representative of a general vulnerability to air pollution events among major cities:

text: The smog is commonly cited as one of the most-visible and most-discussed environmental disasters of the 1960s in the United States, alongside the

text: 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill

text: and the 1969

text: Cuyahoga River

text: fire. National public awareness of the smog and its health effects spurred the nascent

entity_name: Environmental movement in the United States

text: environmental movement in the United States

text: and galvanized support for legislation to regulate air pollution. Vernon McKenzie, chief of the air pollution division of the federal

text: Public Health Service

text: , called the smog "a warning of what can happen — and will happen — with increasing frequency and in wider areas unless something is done to prevent it." In the 1968 book Killer Smog, William Wise warned that the 1966 smog was representative of a general vulnerability to air pollution events among major cities:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: environmental disasters

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: major cities

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: regulate air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: a general vulnerability to air pollution events among major cities:

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: galvanized support for legislation to regulate air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: major cities:

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill and the 1969 Cuyahoga River fire.

text: The Clean Air Act is the most recently created Act and it expands off the Clean Environment Act and the Clean Water Act. It allows for increased public opinion for reviews that relate to projects and contracts involving air emissions.

text: The Clean Air Act is the most recently created Act and it expands off the Clean Environment Act and the Clean Water Act. It allows for increased public

text: opinion

text: for reviews that relate to projects and contracts involving air emissions.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air emissions.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air emissions.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air emissions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air emissions.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Clean Environment Act and the Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Environment Act and the Clean Water Act.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act

text: |-||TEW|Airteam Charter|TEAMWORK|South Africa||-||STT|Alpha Star Charter|STAR CHARTER|Saudi Arabia||-||LBZ|Angkasa Super Service||Indonesia||-||HEZ|Arrow Aviation|ARROW|Israel||-||UAH|Air Experience Flight, Cranwell||United Kingdom|Royal Air Force|-||DRO|Adro Servicios Aereos|ADRO SERVICIOS|Mexico||-||RVQ|Aero Jet International|REVA AIR|United States||-||ASK|Aerosky|MULTISKY|Spain||-||AEH|Aero4m|AEROCUTTER|Slovenia||-|||Aeroecom|AEROECOM|Venezuela||-|A8|XAU|Aerolink Uganda|PEARL|Uganda||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld Pakistan||Pakistan||-||AGA|AG Air|GEOLINE|Georgia||-||ABZ|Air Ambulance Services|ISLAND LIFEFLIGHT|Bahamas||-|RV|ROU|Air Canada Rouge|ROUGE|Canada||-||CNM|Air China Inner Mongolia|MENGYUAN|China||-||VRE|Air Côte d'Ivoire|COTE DIVORIE|Ivory Coast||-||AWL|Air Walser||Malta||-||AXY|Air X Charter||Malta||-||OES|ART Aviation|ART AUSTRIA|Austria||-||ASF|Austrian Air Force|AUSTRIAN AIRFORCE|Austria||-||AVG|Aviation Legacy|AVILEF|Gambia||-||AZY|Aztec Worldwide Airlines|AZTEC WORLD|United States||-|1B||Abacus International||Singapore|Computer reservation system|-|W9|AAB|Abelag Aviation|ABG|Belgium||-|6U|ACX|Air Cargo Germany|LOADMASTER|Germany|defunct|-||AAD|Aero Aviation Centre Ltd.|SUNRISE|Canada|Ceased operations 1995|-||SII|Aero Servicios Ejecutivos Internacionales|ASEISA|Mexico||-||BZS|Aero Biniza|BINIZA|Mexico||-||ACO|Aero Comondu|AERO COMONDU|Mexico||-||AET|Aero-Palma|AERO PALMA|Spain|defunct|-||ABM|Aero Albatros|ALBATROS ESPANA|Spain||-|E4|RSO|Aero Asia International|AERO ASIA|Pakistan|defunct|-|ZI|AAF|Aigle Azur|AIGLE AZUR|France|Former name: Lucas Aigle Azur; former IATA code: LK|-||AAM|Aviation Management Corporation|AM CORP|United States||-||AAO|Atlantis Airlines (USA)|ATLANTIS AIR|United States||-||AAP|Aerovista Airlines|AEROVISTA GROUP|Kyrgyzstan|defunct|-|AE|AE|Air Ceylon||Sri Lanka|defunct|-|OZ|AAR|Asiana Airlines|ASIANA|Republic of Korea||-|4K*|AAS|Askari Aviation|AL-ASS|Pakistan||-||AAU|Australia Asia Airlines|AUSTASIA|Australia|Subsidiary merged into QANTAS; former IATA code: IM|-||AAV|Astro Air International|ASTRO-PHIL|United States||-|8U|AAW|Afriqiyah Airways|AFRIQIYAH|Libya||-|Q9|AFU|Afrinat International Airlines|AFRINAT|Gambia|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-||AAX|Afric'air Express|AFREX|Côte d'Ivoire|defunct|-||BRL|Air Brasd'or|BRASD'OR|Canada||-||AFH|Air Fecteau|FECTO|Canada|defunct|-||BRM|Air 500|BOOMERANG|Canada|defunct|-||AAG|Atlantic Flight Training|ATLANTIC|United Kingdom|Changed from Air Atlantique in 2014|-|KI|AAG|Air Atlantique|ATLANTIC|United Kingdom|Former name:  Atlantic Air Transport; former IATA codes: 7M, DG, transferred to Atlantic Flight Training in 2014.|-|QB|AAJ|Air Alma|AIR ALMA|Canada|Ceased operations 10/01/2002; former IATA code: 4L|-||ACS|Air Cess||Liberia|defunct|-||ADT|Air Dorval|AIR DORVAL|Canada|defunct|-||AHN|Air Hungaria|AIR HUNGARIA|Hungary||-||AHR|Air Adriatic|ADRIATIC|Croatia|defunct|-|LD|AHK|Air Hong Kong|AIR HONG KONG|Hong Kong||-||AHS|Air Viggi San Raffaele|AIRSAR|Italy||-||AEQ|Air Express|LUNA|Sweden||-||AAI|Air Aurora|BOREALIS|United States|Former IATA code: AX|-||ACU|Air Cargo Transportation System|AFRISPIRIT|Kenya||-||ACV|Air Charter Service||United Kingdom|ICAO code no longer allocated|-||ADC|Air Atlantic Dominicana|ATLAN-DOMINICAN|Dominican Republic|defunct|-||ADW|Air Andaman|AIR ANDAMAN|Thailand|defunct 2004|-|UX|AEA|Air Europa|EUROPA|Spain||-|I9*|AEY|Air Italy|AIR ITALY|Italy|merged into Meridiana|-||ASW|Air Southwest Ltd.|AIRSOUTHWEST|Canada|defunct|-||ASX|Air Special|AIRSPEC|Czech Republic||-|NX|AMU|Air Macau|AIR MACAO|Macao||-|ZV|AMW|Air Midwest|AIR MIDWEST|United States|defunct|-|HM|SEY|Air Seychelles|SEYCHELLES|Seychelles||-||SFB|Air Sofia|AIR SOFIA|Bulgaria|defunct|-||BRF|Air Bravo|AIR BRAVO|Uganda||-|AF|AFR|Air France|AIRFRANS|France||-||ACG|Air Partner|AIR PARTNER|United Kingdom||-|SB|ACI|Air Caledonie International|AIRCALIN|France||-||VSG|AirClass Airways|VISIG|Spain|formerly Visig Operaciones Aéreas|-|EH|AKX|Air Nippon Network Co. Ltd.|ALFA WING|Japan|merged into ANA Wings|-||ALM|Air ALM|ANTILLEAN|Netherlands Antilles|defunct|-||ALN|Air Lincoln|CHICAGO LINCOLN|United States||-||ACM|Air Caledonia|WEST CAL|Canada||-||AGM|Air Guam|AIR GUAM|United States||-|ZW|AWI|Air Wisconsin|AIR WISCONSIN|United States||-||ALU|Air Luxor STP|LUXORJET|São Tomé and Príncipe||-||RSI|Air Sunshine|AIR SUNSHINE|United States||-|GN|AGN|Air Gabon|GOLF NOVEMBER|Gabon|defunct|-||AFS|Air Data||United Kingdom||-||AFV|Air Afrique Vacancies|AFRIQUE VACANCE|Côte d'Ivoire||-|NQ|AJX|Air Japan|AIR JAPAN|Japan||-|VD|LIB|Air Liberté|AIR LIBERTE|France|defunct|-|TT|KLA|Air Lithuania|KAUNAS|Lithuania|defunct|-||AMG|Air Minas Linhas Aéreas|AIR MINAS|Brazil|defunct|-|4N|ANT|Air North Charter - Canada|AIR NORTH|Canada||-||ANV|Air Nevada|AIR NEVADA|United States||-|NZ|ANZ|Air New Zealand|NEW ZEALAND|New Zealand||-||AOE|Air One Executive||Italy||-||AMI|Air Maldives|AIR MALDIVES|Maldives|defunct|-|QM|AML|Air Malawi|MALAWI|Malawi||-||AMN|Air Montenegro|MONTENEGRO|Montenegro||-|ML|BIE|Air Mediterranee|MEDITERRANEE|France||-|P8|MKG|Air Mekong|MEKONG|Vietnam|defunct|-||TAH|Air Moorea|AIR MOOREA|France|defunct|-||AVZ|Air Valencia|AIR VALENCIA|Spain||-||AMO|Air Montreal (Air Holdings Inc.)|AIR MONTREAL|Canada||-|BM||Air Sicilia||Italy||-||AMR|Air Specialties Corporation|AIR AM|United States|Air American, Total Air|-||AMS|Air Muskoka|AIR MUSKOKA|Canada||-||AOJ|Avon Jet|ASTERIX|Austria||-||AJU|Air Jetsul|AIRJETSUL|Portugal||-||AKA|Air Korea Co. Ltd.||Republic of Korea||-||LIV|Air Livonia|LIVONIA|Estonia|defunct|-|ZX|ABL|Air BC|AIRCOACH|Canada|Merged into Air Canada Jazz|-||ABN|Air Fret Senegal||Senegal||-||LJA|Air Jamahiriya Company|AIR JAMAHIRIYA|Libya|ICAO code no longer allocated|-|G8|AGB|Air Service Gabon||Gabon|defunct|-|7T|AGV|Air Glaciers|AIR GLACIERS|Switzerland||-||MVM|Air Cargo America|PEGASUS|United States||-||AMY|Air Ambar|AIR AMBAR|Dominican Republic||-|6V|VGA|Air Vegas|AIR VEGAS|United States|defunct|-||AOU|Air Tractor|AIR TRACTOR|Croatia||-||APA|Air Park Aviation Ltd.|CAN-AM|Canada||-||APG|Air People International|AIR PEOPLE|Thailand||-|NH|ANA|All Nippon Airways|ALL NIPPON|Japan||-||ANB|Air Navigation And Trading Co. Ltd.|AIR NAV|United Kingdom|Former ICAO code:  AAT|-||NGO|Air-Angol|AIR ANGOL|Angola||-|TZ|TWG|air-taxi Europe|TWINGOOSE|Germany||-||NGP|Air Nigeria|REGAL EAGLE|Nigeria|defunct|-|2Q|SNC|Air Cargo Carriers|NIGHT CARGO|United States||-||SND|Air Samarkand|ARSAM|Uzbekistan||-|V7|SNG|Air Senegal International|AIR SENEGAL|Senegal|defunct|-||SNY|Air Sandy|AIR SANDY|Canada||-||AII|Air Integra|INTEGRA|Canada||-||BFF|Air Baffin|AIR BAFFIN|Canada|renamed to Air Nunavut|-||BDM|Air Bandama|BANDAMA|Ivory Coast||-|AB|BER|Air Berlin|AIR BERLIN|Germany||-||ABT|Air Brousse|AIR BROUSSE|Canada|defunct|-||APV|Air Plan International|AIR PLAN|Democratic Republic of the Congo||-||ARX|Air Xpress, Inc.|AIREX|United States||-||HTT|Air Tchad|HOTEL TANGO|Chad||-||ARZ|Air Resorts|AIR RESORTS|United States||-||ASB|Air-Spray 1967 Ltd.|AIR SPRAY|Canada||-||ASC|Air Star Corporation|AIR STAR|Canada||-|4D|ASD|Air Sinai|AIR SINAI|Egypt||-||AQN|Air Queensland|BUSHAIR|Australia|defunct|-||ARC|Air Routing International Corp.||United States||-|QN|ARR|Air Armenia|AIR ARMENIA|Armenia||-||ABR|Air Contractors|CONTRACT|Ireland|Former IATA Code: AG; former name: Hunting Air Cargo Airlines|-||AIL|Air Illinois|AIR ILLINOIS|United States|defunct|-|AI|AIC|Air India Limited|AIRINDIA|India||-||AIG|Air Inter Gabon||Gabon||-|PJ|SPM|Air Saint Pierre|SAINT-PIERRE|France||-|SZ|WOW|Air Southwest|SWALLOW|United Kingdom|defunct|-||ATJ|Air Traffic GmbH|SNOOPY|Germany||-|8C|ATN|Air Transport International|AIR TRANSPORT|United States||-||ATQ|Air Transport Schiphol|MULTI|Netherlands||-||ATS|Air Transport Service||Democratic Republic of the Congo||-||AVG|Air Falcon|DJIBOUTI FALCON|Djibouti||-||AUX|Air Uganda International Ltd.||Uganda||-|NF|AVN|Air Vanuatu|AIR VAN|Vanuatu||-|ZB|BUB|Air Bourbon|BOURBON|Reunion|defunct|-|CC|ABD|Air Atlanta Icelandic|ATLANTA|Iceland||-||AIE|Air Inuit|AIR INUIT|Canada||-||AIS|Air Sureste|SURESTE|Spain||-|RB|SBK|Air Srpska|Air Srpska|Bosnia and Herzegovina|defunct|-|TN|THT|Air Tahiti Nui|TAHITI AIRLINES|France||-|SW|NMB|Air Namibia|NAMIBIA|Namibia||-||NSK|Air Intersalonika|INTERSALONIKA|Greece||-||NTL|Air Anatolia|AIR ANATOLIA|Turkey|defunct|-||SGA|Air Saigon|AIR SAIGON|Vietnam||-||AFW|Afrique Regional Airways|AFRAIR|Côte d'Ivoire|defunct|-|AW|AFW|Africa World Airlines|BLACKSTAR|Ghana||-||ACX|Air Charters|PARAIR|Canada|defunct|-|PE|AEL|Air Europe Italy|AIR EUROPE|Italy|defunct|-|JM|AJM|Air Jamaica|JAMAICA|Jamaica|merged into Caribbean Airlines; ICAO and IATA codes no longer used.|-||AWN|Air Niamey|AIR NIAMEY|Niger||-||AWT|Air West|AIR WEST|Canada||-|6G|AWW|Air Wales|RED DRAGON|United Kingdom|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-|TX|FWI|Air Caraïbes|FRENCH WEST|France||-|IX|AXB|Air India Express|EXPRESS INDIA|India||-||AXD|Air Express|AIR SUDEX|Sudan||-||BSB|Air Wings|ARBAS|Moldova||-|BT|BTI|Air Baltic|AIRBALTIC|Latvia||-||ANI|Air Atlantic (Nig) Limited|NIGALANTIC|Nigeria||-|EL|ANK|Air Nippon|ANK AIR|Japan|merged into All Nippon Airways, ICAO code no longer allocated|-|YW|ANE|Air Nostrum|AIR NOSTRUM|Spain||-|PX|ANG|Air Niugini|NUIGINI|Papua New Guinea||-|G9|ABY|Air Arabia|ARABIA|United Arab Emirates||-|AC|ACA|Air Canada|AIR CANADA|Canada||-|AP|ADH|Air One|HERON|Italy||-||MHS|Air Memphis|AIR MEMPHIS|Egypt||-|XT|AXL|Air Exel|EXEL COMMUTER|Netherlands|defunct|-||AZF|Air Zermatt AG|AIR ZERMATT|Switzerland||-|UM|AZW|Air Zimbabwe|AIR ZIMBABWE|Zimbabwe||-||MHU|Air Memphis|MEPHIS UGANDA|Uganda||-||MKH|Air Marrakech Service|AIR MARRAKECH|Morocco||-||AZX|Air Max Africa|AZIMA|Gabon|defunct|-|S2|RSH|Air Sahara|SAHARA|India|renamed to Jetlite|-||ATA|Air Transport Association||United States||-|TC|ATC|Air Tanzania|TANZANIA|Tanzania||-||XAC|Air Charter World||United States||-|2J|VBW|Air Burkina|BURKINA|Burkina Faso||-||ATH|Air Travel Corp.|AIR TRAVEL|United States||-|KM|AMC|Air Malta|AIR MALTA|Malta||-|YT|TGA|Air Togo|AIR TOGO|Togo|defunct|-||ASJ|Air Satellite|SATELLITE|Canada|defunct|-||ASN|Air and Sea Transport||Russia||-||ASS|Air Class, S.A. de C.V.|AIR CLASS|Mexico||-||NPL|Air Nepal International|AIR NEPAL|Nepal|defunct|-||NPR|Air Napier||New Zealand||-||WAM|Air Taxi & Cargo|TAXI CARGO|Sudan||-||RSM|Air Somalia|AIR SOMALIA|Somali Republic||-||AWZ|AirWest||Sudan||-|G4|AAY|Allegiant Air|ALLEGIANT|United States||-||AAZ|Angus Aviation|ANGUS|Canada|defunct|-||ABA|Artem-Avia|ARTEM-AVIA|Ukraine|defunct|-||ABB|African Business and Transportations|AFRICAN BUSINESS|Democratic Republic of the Congo||-||ABE|Aban Air|ABAN|Iran|Former IATA code: K5|-||ABF|Aerial Oy|SKYWINGS|Finland||-||ABG|Abakan-Avia|ABAKAN-AVIA|Russia||-|M3|TUS|ABSA Cargo|Turismo|Brazil||-||ABJ|Abaeté Linhas Aéreas||Brazil||-||ABK|Alberta Citylink|ALBERTA CITYLINK|Canada|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-||ABO|APSA Colombia|AEROEXPRESO|Colombia|aka Aeroexpreso Bogota|-||ABU|Aerovías Bueno|AEROBUENO|Colombia|defunct|-||ACR|Aerocenter, Escuela de Formación de Pilotos Privados de Avión|AEROCENTER|Spain||-|O4|ABV|Antrak Air|ANTRAK|Ghana||-|GB|ABX|Airborne Express|ABEX|United States|August 14, 2003 merged into DHL|-|GB|ABX|ABX Air|ABEX|United States|August 15, 2003 Air operations of former Airborne Express|-||ABZ|ATA Brasil|ATA-BRAZIL|Brazil|defunct|-||ACC|Avcard Services||United Kingdom|ICAO code no longer allocated|-||ACD|Academy Airlines|ACADEMY|United States||-|8V|ACP|Astral Aviation|ASTRAL CARGO|Kenya||-||ACY|Atlas Cargo Airlines|ATLAS CARGOLINES|Morocco||-||ADA|Airservices Australia|AUSCAL|Australia|Flight Inspection Unit|-|4G*||Advance Leasing Company||United States||-|7A||Aztec Worldwide Airlines||United States||-|8T|TID|Air Tindi||Canada||-||ADB|Antonov Airlines|ANTONOV BUREAU|Ukraine|Antonov Design Bureau|-||ADD|Advanced Air Co.||Japan|ICAO Code no longer allocated|-||ADE|Ada Air|ADA AIR|Albania|defunct, former IATA code: ZY|-||ADG|Aerea Flying Training Organization|AEREA TRAINING|Spain||-||ADI|Audeli Air|AUDELI|Spain||-||ADJ|Abidjan Air Cargo|ABICAR|Côte d'Ivoire|defunct|-|Z7*|ADK|ADC Airlines|ADCO|Nigeria|defunct; former name: Aviation Development Company|-||ADL|Aero Dynamics|COTSWOLD|United Kingdom||-||ADN|Aerodienst GmbH|AERODIENST|Germany||-||ADP|Aerodiplomatic|AERODIPLOMATIC|Mexico||-||ADY|Aerodyne|AERODYNE|United States||-||ADQ|Avion Taxi|AIR DATA|Canada|2695731 Canada Inc.|-|JP|ADR|Adria Airways|ADRIA|Slovenia||-||ADS|Aviones de Sonora|SONORAV|Mexico||-||ADU|Airdeal Oy|AIRDEAL|Finland||-||ADV|Advance Air Charters|ADVANCE|Canada|defunct|-|EM*|AEB|Aero Benin|AEROBEN|Benin|defunct|-||AEC|Aerocésar|AEROCESAR|Colombia|defunct; aka Aerovías del César|-||AED|Aerotrans Airlines||Russia|defunct|-||ADX|Anderson Aviation|ANDAX|United States||-|A3|AEE|Aegean Airlines|AEGEAN|Greece||-||AEG|Aerofumigaciones Sam|FUMIGACIONES SAM|Chile|defunct|-|2K|GLG|Aerogal|AEROGAL|Ecuador|Aerolíneas Galápagos SA|-||AEI|Aeroexpreso Interamericano|INTERAM|Colombia|defunct|-||AEJ|Air Express|KHAKI EXPRESS|Tanzania||-||AEK|Aerocon|AEROCON|Bolivia||-||AEM|Aero Madrid|AEROMADRID|Spain||-|KD|AEN|Air Enterprise|AIR ENTERPRISE|France|defunct|-||AEO|Aeroservicios Ejecutivos Del Occidente|AERO OCCIDENTE|Mexico||-||AEP|Aerotec Escuela de Pilotos|AEROTEC|Spain||-|KO|AER|Alaska Central Express|ACE AIR|United States||-|VX|AES|ACES Colombia|ACES|Colombia|defunct|-|KH|AAH|Aloha Air Cargo|ALOHA|United States||-||AAK|Alaska Island Air|ALASKA ISLAND|United States||-|AA|AAL|American Airlines|AMERICAN|United States||-|AX|—|AmericanConnection|—|United States||-|AN|AAA|Ansett Australia|ANSETT|Australia|defunct|-||AAC|Army Air Corps|ARMYAIR|United Kingdom||-|5W|AEU|Astraeus|FLYSTAR|United Kingdom|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-||AEV|Aeroventas|AEROVENTAS|Mexico||-|VV|AEW|Aerosvit Airlines|AEROSVIT|Ukraine|defunct|-||AEX|Airway Express|AVCO|United States|ICAO code no longer allocated|-||AEZ|Aerial Transit|AERIAL TRANZ|United States||-||AFA|Alfa Air|BLUE ALFA|Czech Republic||-|WK|AFB|American Falcon|AMERICAN FALCON|Argentina|defunct|-|QQ|UTY|Alliance Airlines|UNITY|Australia||-||UVS|Air Universal|UNI-LEONE|Sierra Leone|defunct|-||UVT|Auvia Air|AUVIA|Indonesia||-||AFC|African West Air|AFRICAN WEST|Senegal||-||AFE|Airfast Indonesia|AIRFAST|Indonesia||-|FG|AFG|Ariana Afghan Airlines|ARIANA|Afghanistan||-|RV*|AFI|Africaone|AFRICAWORLD|The Gambia||-|Y2|AFJ|Alliance Air|JAMBO|Uganda|Ceased operations 08/10/2000|-||AFK|Africa Air Links|AFRICA LINKS|Sierra Leone||-|SU|AFL|Aeroflot Russian Airlines|AEROFLOT|Russia||-||AFO|Aero Empresa Mexicana|AERO EMPRESA|Mexico||-||AFQ|Alba Servizi Aerotrasporti|ALBA|Italy||-|5Z|AFX|Airfreight Express||United Kingdom|Ceased operations 08/03/2002|-||AFY|Africa Chartered Services|AFRICA CHARTERED|Nigeria||-||AFZ|Africa Freight Services|AFREIGHT|Zambia||-||AGA|Aeronaves Del Centro||Venezuela||-||AGC|Arab Agricultural Aviation Company|AGRICO|Egypt||-||AGF|Atlantic Gulf Airlines|ATLANTIC GULF|United States|defunct|-|5D|SLI|Aerolitoral|COSTERA|Mexico||-||AGG|Algoma Airways|ALGOMA|Canada|ICAO code no longer allocated|-||AGH|Altagna|ALTAGNA|France||-||AGO|Angola Air Charter|ANGOLA CHARTER|Angola||-||AGP|AERFI Group|AIR TARA|Ireland||-||AGQ|Aerogala|GALASERVICE|Chile|defunct|-|1A|AGT|Amadeus Global Travel Distribution|AMADEUS|Spain||-||AGU|Angara Airlines|SARMA|Russia||-||AGW|Aero Gambia|AERO GAMBIA|Gambia|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-|JJ|AGX|Aviogenex|GENEX|Serbia||-||BLR|Atlantic Coast Airlines|BLUE RIDGE|United States|defunct|-||BLZ|Aero Barloz|AEROLOZ|Mexico||-|PL|PLI|Aeroperú|Aeroperu|Peru|defunct|-|8A|BMM|Atlas Blue|ATLAS BLUE|Morocco|defunct|-||BNB|Aero Banobras|AEROBANOBRAS|Mexico||-||AGY|Aero Flight Service|FLIGHT GROUP|United States||-||AGZ|Agrolet-Mci|AGROLET|Slovakia||-|GD|AHA|Air Alpha Greenland|AIR ALPHA|Denmark|sold to Air Greenland|-||AHC|Azal Avia Cargo|AZALAVIACARGO|Azerbaijan|Cargo Airline of the State Concern Azerbaijan Hava|-||AHE|Airport Helicopter Basel, Muller & Co.|AIRPORT HELICOPTER|Switzerland||-||CJE|Aeroservices Corporate|BIRD JET|France||-||AHF|Aspen Helicopters|ASPEN|United States||-||AHG|Aerochago Airlines|AEROCHAGO|Dominican Republic|defunct|-||AHH|Airplanes Holdings|AIRHOLD|Ireland||-||AHP|Aerochiapas|AEROCHIAPAS|Mexico||-||AHU|ABC Air Hungary|ABC HUNGARY|Hungary||-|HT|AHW|Aeromist-Kharkiv|AEROMIST|Ukraine|defunct|-|J2|AHY|Azerbaijan Airlines|AZAL|Azerbaijan||-|U3|AIA|Avies|AVIES|Estonia||-|4Y|AIB|Airbus Industrie|AIRBUS INDUSTRIE|France||-||AIH|Alpine Air Chile|ALPINE CHILE|Chile||-||AIJ|ABC Aerolíneas|ABC AEROLINEAS|Mexico||-||AIK|African Airlines International Limited|AFRICAN AIRLINES|Kenya||-||AIN|African International Airways|FLY CARGO|Swaziland||-|5A|AIP|Alpine Air Express|ALPINE AIR|United States||-||AIU|Alicante Internacional Airlines|ALIA|Spain||-||ABP|ABS Jets|BAIR|Czech Republic|Named changed from Aba Air|-|ED*|ABQ|Airblue|PAKBLUE|Pakistan||-||THM|Airmark Aviation|THAI AIRMARK|Thailand||-||AIR|Airlift International|AIRLIFT|United States|defunct|-||AIT|Airest| |Estonia||-||AIV|Airvias S/A Linhas Aéreas|AIRVIAS|Brazil||-|W4|BES|Aero Services Executive|BIRD EXPRESS|France||-||AIW|Atlantic Island Airways|TARTAN|Canada||-||AIX|Aircruising Australia|CRUISER|Australia||-||AIY|Aircrew Check and Training Australia|AIRCREW|Australia||-|IZ|AIZ|Arkia Israel Airlines|ARKIA|Israel||-||AJA|Afghan Jet International Airlines|AFGHAN JET|Afghanistan||-||AJB|Aero JBR|AERO JBR|Mexico||-||AJE|Aero Jet Express|JET EXPRESS|Mexico|defunct|-||AJF|Avia Consult Flugbetriebs|AVIACONSULT|Austria||-||AJI|Ameristar Jet Charter|AMERISTAR|United States||-||AJK|Allied Air|BAMBI|Nigeria||-||AJO|Aero Ejecutivo|AEROEXO|Mexico|defunct|-||AJP|Aero Jets Corporativos|AEROJETS|Mexico||-||AJS|Aeroejecutivos Colombia|AEROEJECUTIVOS|Colombia|Aeroejecutivos Aeroservicios Ejecutivos|-|M6|AJT|Amerijet International|AMERIJET|United States||-||AJV|ANA & JP Express|AYJAY CARGO|Japan|merged into Air Japan|-||AJW|Alpha Jet International|ALPHAJET|United States||-||AJY|AJet|AYJET|Cyprus|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-||AKB|Aktjubavia|KARAB|Kazakhstan||-||AKC|Arca Aerovías Colombianas Ltda.|ARCA|Colombia||-||AKF|Anikay Air Company|ANIKAY|Kyrgyzstan||-||AKH|Akhal|AKHAL|Turkmenistan||-||MNI|Aeromilenio|AEROMIL|Mexico||-||AKK|Aklak Air|AKLAK|Canada||-|4A|AKL|Air Kiribati||Kiribati||-||AKN|Alkan Air|ALKAN AIR|Canada||-||AKW|Angkor Airways|ANGKORWAYS|Cambodia|defunct|-||AKZ|AK Navigator LLC|ABSOLUTE|Kazakhstan|ICAO code no longer allocated|-||ALB|Aero Albatros|ALBATROS|Mexico||-||ALD|Albion Aviation|ALBION|United Kingdom||-||ALE|Aeroalas Colombia|AEROALAS|Colombia|defunct|-||ALF|Allied Command Europe (Mobile Force)|ACEFORCE|Belgium||-||BTS|Aerotaxis Albatros|AEROLINEAS ALBATROS|Mexico||-||FYS|American Flyers|AMERICAN FLYERS|United States||-||DFA|Aero Coach Aviation|AERO COACH|United States||-|EV|ASQ|Atlantic Southeast Airlines|ACEY|United States|Merged into ExpressJet Airlines|-||BVR|ACM Air Charter|BAVARIAN|Germany||-||ALG|Air Logistics|AIRLOG|United States||-||ALL|Aerovallarta|VALLARTA|Mexico||-|HP|AWE|America West Airlines|CACTUS|United States|Merged with US Airways|-||TNO|Aerotransporte de Carga Union|AEROUNION|Mexico||-||TND|Aero Taxis Cessna|TAXIS CESSNA|Mexico||-||TMP|Arizona Express Airlines|TEMPE|United States||-||ALO|Allegheny Commuter Airlines|ALLEGHENY|United States|US Airways Express|-||ALP|Allpoints Jet|ALLPOINTS|China||-||ALP|Alpliner AG|ALPINER|Switzerland|Code now allocated to another user|-||ALQ|Altair Aviation (1986)|ALTAIR|Canada||-|VH|ALV|Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela|AEROPOSTAL|Venezuela||-||ALW|Alas Nacionales, S.A.|ALNACIONAL|Dominican Republic||-||ALY|Alyeska Air Service|ALYESKA|United States||-||ALZ|Alta Flights (Charters) Ltd.| |Canada||-||AMA|ATMA|ADIK|Kazakhstan||-||AMD|Aerolíneas Medellín|AEROLINEAS MEDELLIN|Colombia|defunct|-||AMF|Ameriflight|AMFLIGHT|United States||-||AMH|Alan Mann Helicopters Ltd.|MANN|United Kingdom|ICAO code no longer allocated

text: |-||TEW|

text: Airteam Charter

text: |TEAMWORK|South Africa||-||STT|

text: Alpha Star Charter

text: |STAR CHARTER|Saudi Arabia||-||LBZ|

text: Angkasa Super Service

text: ||Indonesia||-||HEZ|

text: Arrow Aviation

text: |ARROW|Israel||-||UAH|

text: Air Experience Flight

text: Cranwell

text: ||United Kingdom|Royal Air Force|-||DRO|

text: Adro Servicios Aereos

text: |ADRO SERVICIOS|Mexico||-||RVQ|

text: Aero Jet International

text: |REVA AIR|United States||-||ASK|

text: Aerosky

text: |MULTISKY|Spain||-||AEH|

text: |AEROCUTTER|Slovenia||-|||

text: Aeroecom

text: Aerolink Uganda

text: |PEARL|Uganda||-||NKY|

text: Aeromonkey

text: |AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|

text: Aeroworld Pakistan

text: ||Pakistan||-||AGA|

text: AG Air

text: |GEOLINE|Georgia||-||ABZ|

text: Air Ambulance Services

text: |ISLAND LIFEFLIGHT|Bahamas||-|RV|ROU|

text: Air Canada Rouge

text: |ROUGE|Canada||-||CNM|

text: Air China Inner Mongolia

text: |MENGYUAN|China||-||VRE|

text: Air Côte d'Ivoire

text: |COTE DIVORIE|Ivory Coast||-||AWL|

text: Air Walser

text: ||Malta||-||AXY|

text: Air X Charter

text: ||Malta||-||OES|

text: ART Aviation

text: |ART AUSTRIA|Austria||-||ASF|

text: Austrian Air Force

text: |AUSTRIAN AIRFORCE|Austria||-||AVG|

text: Aviation Legacy

text: |AVILEF|Gambia||-||AZY|

text: Aztec Worldwide Airlines

text: |AZTEC WORLD|United States||-|1B||

text: Abacus International

text: ||Singapore|Computer reservation system|-|W9|AAB|

text: Abelag Aviation

text: Air Cargo Germany

text: |LOADMASTER|Germany|defunct|-||AAD|

text: Aero Aviation Centre Ltd.

text: |SUNRISE|Canada|Ceased operations 1995|-||SII|

text: Aero Servicios Ejecutivos Internacionales

text: |ASEISA|Mexico||-||BZS|

text: Aero Biniza

text: |BINIZA|Mexico||-||ACO|

text: Aero Comondu

text: |AERO COMONDU|Mexico||-||AET|

text: Aero-Palma

text: |AERO PALMA|Spain|defunct|-||ABM|

text: Aero Albatros

text: |ALBATROS ESPANA|Spain||-|E4|RSO|

text: Aero Asia International

text: |AERO ASIA|Pakistan|defunct|-|ZI|AAF|

text: Aigle Azur

text: |AIGLE AZUR|France|Former name:

text: Lucas Aigle Azur

text: ; former IATA code: LK|-||AAM|

text: Aviation Management Corporation

text: |AM CORP|United States||-||AAO|

text: Atlantis Airlines (USA)

text: |ATLANTIS AIR|United States||-||AAP|

text: Aerovista Airlines

text: |AEROVISTA GROUP|Kyrgyzstan|defunct|-|AE|AE|

text: Air Ceylon

text: ||Sri Lanka|defunct|-|OZ|AAR|

text: Asiana Airlines

text: |ASIANA|Republic of Korea||-|4K*|AAS|

text: Askari Aviation

text: |AL-ASS|Pakistan||-||AAU|

text: Australia Asia Airlines

text: |AUSTASIA|Australia|Subsidiary merged into

text: QANTAS

text: ; former IATA code: IM|-||AAV|

text: Astro Air International

text: |ASTRO-PHIL|United States||-|8U|AAW|

text: Afriqiyah Airways

text: Afrinat International Airlines

text: |AFRINAT|Gambia|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-||AAX|

text: Afric'air Express

text: |AFREX|Côte d'Ivoire|defunct|-||BRL|

text: Air Brasd'or

text: |BRASD'OR|Canada||-||AFH|

text: Air Fecteau

text: |FECTO|Canada|defunct|-||BRM|

text: Air 500

text: |BOOMERANG|Canada|defunct|-||AAG|

text: Atlantic Flight Training

text: |ATLANTIC|United Kingdom|Changed from Air Atlantique in 2014|-|KI|AAG|

text: Air Atlantique

text: |ATLANTIC|United Kingdom|Former name:

text: Atlantic Air Transport

text: ; former IATA codes: 7M, DG, transferred to Atlantic Flight Training in 2014.|-|QB|AAJ|

text: Air Alma

text: |AIR ALMA|Canada|Ceased operations 10/01/2002; former IATA code: 4L|-||ACS|

text: Air Cess

text: ||Liberia|defunct|-||ADT|

text: Air Dorval

text: |AIR DORVAL|Canada|defunct|-||AHN|

text: Air Hungaria

text: |AIR HUNGARIA|Hungary||-||AHR|

text: Air Adriatic

text: |ADRIATIC|Croatia|defunct|-|LD|AHK|

text: Air Hong Kong

text: |AIR HONG KONG|Hong Kong||-||AHS|

text: Air Viggi San Raffaele

text: |AIRSAR|Italy||-||AEQ|

text: Air Express

text: |LUNA|Sweden||-||AAI|

text: Air Aurora

text: |BOREALIS|United States|Former IATA code: AX|-||ACU|

text: Air Cargo Transportation System

text: |AFRISPIRIT|Kenya||-||ACV|

text: Air Charter Service

text: ||United Kingdom|ICAO code no longer allocated|-||ADC|

text: Air Atlantic Dominicana

text: |ATLAN-DOMINICAN|Dominican Republic|defunct|-||ADW|

text: Air Andaman

text: |AIR ANDAMAN|Thailand|defunct 2004|-|UX|AEA|

text: Air Europa

text: Air Italy

text: |AIR ITALY|Italy|merged into

text: Meridiana

text: |-||ASW|

text: Air Southwest Ltd.

text: |AIRSOUTHWEST|Canada|defunct|-||ASX|

text: Air Special

text: |AIRSPEC|Czech Republic||-|NX|AMU|

text: Air Macau

text: |AIR MACAO|Macao||-|ZV|AMW|

text: Air Midwest

text: |AIR MIDWEST|United States|defunct|-|HM|SEY|

text: Air Seychelles

text: |SEYCHELLES|Seychelles||-||SFB|

text: Air Sofia

text: |AIR SOFIA|Bulgaria|defunct|-||BRF|

text: Air Bravo

text: |AIR BRAVO|Uganda||-|AF|AFR|

text: Air France

text: |AIRFRANS|France||-||ACG|

text: Air Partner

text: |AIR PARTNER|United Kingdom||-|SB|ACI|

text: Air Caledonie International

text: |AIRCALIN|France||-||VSG|

text: AirClass Airways

text: |VISIG|Spain|formerly Visig Operaciones Aéreas|-|EH|AKX|

text: Air Nippon Network Co. Ltd.

text: |ALFA WING|Japan|merged into

text: ANA Wings

text: |-||ALM|

text: Air ALM

text: |ANTILLEAN|Netherlands Antilles|defunct|-||ALN|

text: Air Lincoln

text: |CHICAGO LINCOLN|United States||-||ACM|

text: Air Caledonia

text: |WEST CAL|Canada||-||AGM|

text: Air Guam

text: |AIR GUAM|United States||-|ZW|AWI|

text: Air Wisconsin

text: |AIR WISCONSIN|United States||-||ALU|

text: Air Luxor STP

text: |LUXORJET|São Tomé and Príncipe||-||RSI|

text: Air Sunshine

text: |AIR SUNSHINE|United States||-|GN|AGN|

text: Air Gabon

text: |GOLF NOVEMBER|Gabon|defunct|-||AFS|

text: Air Data

text: ||United Kingdom||-||AFV|

text: Air Afrique Vacancies

text: |AFRIQUE VACANCE|Côte d'Ivoire||-|NQ|AJX|

text: Air Japan

text: |AIR JAPAN|Japan||-|VD|LIB|

text: Air Liberté

text: |AIR LIBERTE|France|defunct|-|TT|KLA|

text: Air Lithuania

text: |KAUNAS|Lithuania|defunct|-||AMG|

text: Air Minas Linhas Aéreas

text: |AIR MINAS|Brazil|defunct|-|4N|ANT|

text: Air North Charter

text: - Canada|AIR NORTH|Canada||-||ANV|

text: Air Nevada

text: |AIR NEVADA|United States||-|NZ|ANZ|

text: Air New Zealand

text: |NEW ZEALAND|New Zealand||-||AOE|

text: Air One Executive

text: ||Italy||-||AMI|

text: Air Maldives

text: |AIR MALDIVES|Maldives|defunct|-|QM|AML|

text: Air Malawi

text: |MALAWI|Malawi||-||AMN|

text: Air Montenegro

text: |MONTENEGRO|Montenegro||-|ML|BIE|

text: Air Mediterranee

text: Air Mekong

text: |MEKONG|Vietnam|defunct|-||TAH|

text: Air Moorea

text: |AIR MOOREA|France|defunct|-||AVZ|

text: Air Valencia

text: |AIR VALENCIA|Spain||-||AMO|

text: Air Montreal (Air Holdings Inc.)

text: |AIR MONTREAL|Canada||-|BM||

text: Air Sicilia

text: ||Italy||-||AMR|

text: Air Specialties Corporation

text: |AIR AM|United States|

text: Air American

text: Total Air

text: |-||AMS|

text: Air Muskoka

text: |AIR MUSKOKA|Canada||-||AOJ|

text: Avon Jet

text: |ASTERIX|Austria||-||AJU|

text: Air Jetsul

text: |AIRJETSUL|Portugal||-||AKA|

text: Air Korea Co. Ltd.

text: ||Republic of Korea||-||LIV|

text: Air Livonia

text: |LIVONIA|Estonia|defunct|-|ZX|ABL|

text: Air BC

text: |AIRCOACH|Canada|Merged into

text: Air Canada Jazz

text: |-||ABN|

text: Air Fret Senegal

text: ||Senegal||-||LJA|

text: Air Jamahiriya Company

text: |AIR JAMAHIRIYA|Libya|ICAO code no longer allocated|-|G8|AGB|

text: Air Service Gabon

text: Air Glaciers

text: |AIR GLACIERS|Switzerland||-||MVM|

text: Air Cargo America

text: |PEGASUS|United States||-||AMY|

text: Air Ambar

text: |AIR AMBAR|Dominican Republic||-|6V|VGA|

text: Air Vegas

text: |AIR VEGAS|United States|defunct|-||AOU|

text: Air Tractor

text: |AIR TRACTOR|Croatia||-||APA|

text: Air Park Aviation Ltd.

text: |CAN-AM|Canada||-||APG|

text: Air People International

text: |AIR PEOPLE|Thailand||-|NH|ANA|

text: All Nippon Airways

text: |ALL NIPPON|Japan||-||ANB|

text: Air Navigation And Trading Co. Ltd.

text: |AIR NAV|United Kingdom|Former ICAO code:  AAT|-||NGO|

text: Air-Angol

text: |AIR ANGOL|Angola||-|TZ|TWG|air-taxi Europe|TWINGOOSE|Germany||-||NGP|

text: Air Nigeria

text: |REGAL EAGLE|Nigeria|defunct|-|2Q|SNC|

text: Air Cargo Carriers

text: |NIGHT CARGO|United States||-||SND|

text: Air Samarkand

text: Air Senegal International

text: |AIR SENEGAL|Senegal|defunct|-||SNY|

text: Air Sandy

text: |AIR SANDY|Canada||-||AII|

text: Air Integra

text: |INTEGRA|Canada||-||BFF|

text: Air Baffin

text: |AIR BAFFIN|Canada|renamed to

text: Air Nunavut

text: |-||BDM|

text: Air Bandama

text: |BANDAMA|Ivory Coast||-|AB|BER|

text: Air Berlin

text: |AIR BERLIN|Germany||-||ABT|

text: Air Brousse

text: |AIR BROUSSE|Canada|defunct|-||APV|

text: Air Plan International

text: |AIR PLAN|Democratic Republic of the Congo||-||ARX|

text: Air Xpress, Inc.

text: |AIREX|United States||-||HTT|

text: Air Tchad

text: |HOTEL TANGO|Chad||-||ARZ|

text: Air Resorts

text: |AIR RESORTS|United States||-||ASB|

text: Air-Spray 1967 Ltd.

text: |AIR SPRAY|Canada||-||ASC|

text: Air Star Corporation

text: |AIR STAR|Canada||-|4D|ASD|

text: Air Sinai

text: |AIR SINAI|Egypt||-||AQN|

text: Air Queensland

text: |BUSHAIR|Australia|defunct|-||ARC|

text: Air Routing International Corp.

text: ||United States||-|QN|ARR|

text: Air Armenia

text: |AIR ARMENIA|Armenia||-||ABR|

text: Air Contractors

text: |CONTRACT|Ireland|Former IATA Code: AG; former name: Hunting Air Cargo Airlines|-||AIL|

text: Air Illinois

text: |AIR ILLINOIS|United States|defunct|-|AI|AIC|

text: Air India

text: Limited|AIRINDIA|India||-||AIG|

text: Air Inter Gabon

text: ||Gabon||-|PJ|SPM|

text: Air Saint Pierre

text: |SAINT-PIERRE|France||-|SZ|WOW|

text: Air Southwest

text: |SWALLOW|United Kingdom|defunct|-||ATJ|

text: Air Traffic GmbH

text: Air Transport International

text: |AIR TRANSPORT|United States||-||ATQ|

text: Air Transport Schiphol

text: |MULTI|Netherlands||-||ATS|

text: Air Transport Service

text: ||Democratic Republic of the Congo||-||AVG|

text: Air Falcon

text: |DJIBOUTI FALCON|Djibouti||-||AUX|

text: Air Uganda International Ltd.

text: ||Uganda||-|NF|AVN|

text: Air Vanuatu

text: |AIR VAN|Vanuatu||-|ZB|BUB|

text: Air Bourbon

text: |BOURBON|Reunion|defunct|-|CC|ABD|

text: Air Atlanta Icelandic

text: |ATLANTA|Iceland||-||AIE|

text: Air Inuit

text: |AIR INUIT|Canada||-||AIS|

text: Air Sureste

text: |SURESTE|Spain||-|RB|SBK|

text: Air Srpska

text: |Air Srpska|Bosnia and Herzegovina|defunct|-|TN|THT|

text: Air Tahiti Nui

text: |TAHITI AIRLINES|France||-|SW|NMB|

text: Air Namibia

text: |NAMIBIA|Namibia||-||NSK|

text: Air Intersalonika

text: |INTERSALONIKA|Greece||-||NTL|

text: Air Anatolia

text: |AIR ANATOLIA|Turkey|defunct|-||SGA|

text: Air Saigon

text: |AIR SAIGON|Vietnam||-||AFW|

text: Afrique Regional Airways

text: |AFRAIR|Côte d'Ivoire|defunct|-|AW|AFW|

text: Africa World Airlines

text: |BLACKSTAR|Ghana||-||ACX|

text: Air Charters

text: |PARAIR|Canada|defunct|-|PE|AEL|

text: Air Europe Italy

text: |AIR EUROPE|Italy|defunct|-|JM|AJM|

text: Air Jamaica

text: |JAMAICA|Jamaica|merged into

text: Caribbean Airlines

text: ; ICAO and IATA codes no longer used.|-||AWN|

text: Air Niamey

text: |AIR NIAMEY|Niger||-||AWT|

text: Air West

text: |AIR WEST|Canada||-|6G|AWW|

text: Air Wales

text: |RED DRAGON|United Kingdom|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-|TX|FWI|

text: Air Caraïbes

text: |FRENCH WEST|France||-|IX|AXB|

text: Air India Express

text: |EXPRESS INDIA|India||-||AXD|

text: Air Express

text: |AIR SUDEX|Sudan||-||BSB|

text: Air Wings

text: |ARBAS|Moldova||-|BT|BTI|

text: Air Baltic

text: |AIRBALTIC|Latvia||-||ANI|

text: Air Atlantic (Nig) Limited

text: |NIGALANTIC|Nigeria||-|EL|ANK|

text: Air Nippon

text: |ANK AIR|Japan|merged into

text: All Nippon Airways

text: , ICAO code no longer allocated|-|YW|ANE|

text: Air Nostrum

text: |AIR NOSTRUM|Spain||-|PX|ANG|

text: Air Niugini

text: |NUIGINI|Papua New Guinea||-|G9|ABY|

text: Air Arabia

text: |ARABIA|United Arab Emirates||-|AC|ACA|

text: Air Canada

text: |AIR CANADA|Canada||-|AP|ADH|

text: Air One

text: |HERON|Italy||-||MHS|

text: Air Memphis

text: |AIR MEMPHIS|Egypt||-|XT|AXL|

text: Air Exel

text: |EXEL COMMUTER|Netherlands|defunct|-||AZF|

text: Air Zermatt AG

text: |AIR ZERMATT|Switzerland||-|UM|AZW|

text: Air Zimbabwe

text: |AIR ZIMBABWE|Zimbabwe||-||MHU|

text: Air Memphis

text: |MEPHIS UGANDA|Uganda||-||MKH|

text: Air Marrakech Service

text: |AIR MARRAKECH|Morocco||-||AZX|

text: Air Max Africa

text: Air Sahara

text: |SAHARA|India|renamed to Jetlite|-||ATA|

text: Air Transport Association

text: ||United States||-|TC|ATC|

text: Air Tanzania

text: |TANZANIA|Tanzania||-||XAC|

text: Air Charter World

text: ||United States||-|2J|VBW|

text: Air Burkina

text: |BURKINA|Burkina Faso||-||ATH|

text: Air Travel Corp.

text: |AIR TRAVEL|United States||-|KM|AMC|

text: Air Malta

text: |AIR MALTA|Malta||-|YT|TGA|

text: Air Togo

text: |AIR TOGO|Togo|defunct|-||ASJ|

text: Air Satellite

text: |SATELLITE|Canada|defunct|-||ASN|

text: Air and Sea Transport

text: ||Russia||-||ASS|

text: Air Class, S.A. de C.V.

text: |AIR CLASS|Mexico||-||NPL|

text: Air Nepal International

text: |AIR NEPAL|Nepal|defunct|-||NPR|

text: Air Napier

text: ||New Zealand||-||WAM|

text: Air Taxi & Cargo

text: |TAXI CARGO|Sudan||-||RSM|

text: Air Somalia

text: |AIR SOMALIA|Somali Republic||-||AWZ|

text: AirWest

text: Allegiant Air

text: |ALLEGIANT|United States||-||AAZ|

text: Angus Aviation

text: |ANGUS|Canada|defunct|-||ABA|

text: Artem-Avia

text: |ARTEM-AVIA|Ukraine|defunct|-||ABB|

text: African Business and Transportations

text: |AFRICAN BUSINESS|Democratic Republic of the Congo||-||ABE|

text: Aban Air

text: |ABAN|Iran|Former IATA code: K5|-||ABF|

text: Aerial Oy

text: |SKYWINGS|Finland||-||ABG|

text: Abakan-Avia

text: ABSA Cargo

text: |Turismo|Brazil||-||ABJ|

text: Abaeté Linhas Aéreas

text: ||Brazil||-||ABK|

text: Alberta Citylink

text: |ALBERTA CITYLINK|Canada|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-||ABO|

text: APSA Colombia

text: |AEROEXPRESO|Colombia|aka Aeroexpreso Bogota|-||ABU|

text: Aerovías Bueno

text: |AEROBUENO|Colombia|defunct|-||ACR|

text: Aerocenter, Escuela de Formación de Pilotos Privados de Avión

text: Antrak Air

text: |ANTRAK|Ghana||-|GB|ABX|

text: Airborne Express

text: |ABEX|United States|August 14, 2003 merged into DHL|-|GB|ABX|

text: ABX Air

text: |ABEX|United States|August 15, 2003 Air operations of former

text: Airborne Express

text: |-||ABZ|

text: ATA Brasil

text: |ATA-BRAZIL|Brazil|defunct|-||ACC|

text: Avcard Services

text: ||United Kingdom|ICAO code no longer allocated|-||ACD|

text: Academy Airlines

text: |ACADEMY|United States||-|8V|ACP|

text: Astral Aviation

text: |ASTRAL CARGO|Kenya||-||ACY|

text: Atlas Cargo Airlines

text: |ATLAS CARGOLINES|Morocco||-||ADA|

text: Airservices Australia

text: |AUSCAL|Australia|Flight Inspection Unit|-|4G*||

text: Advance Leasing Company

text: ||United States||-|7A||

text: Aztec Worldwide Airlines

text: ||United States||-|8T|TID|

text: Air Tindi

text: ||Canada||-||ADB|

text: Antonov Airlines

text: |ANTONOV BUREAU|Ukraine|

text: Antonov Design Bureau

text: |-||ADD|

text: Advanced Air Co.

text: ||Japan|ICAO Code no longer allocated|-||ADE|

text: Ada Air

text: |ADA AIR|Albania|defunct, former IATA code: ZY|-||ADG|

text: Aerea Flying Training Organization

text: |AEREA TRAINING|Spain||-||ADI|

text: Audeli Air

text: |AUDELI|Spain||-||ADJ|

text: Abidjan Air Cargo

text: |ABICAR|Côte d'Ivoire|defunct|-|Z7*|ADK|

text: ADC Airlines

text: |ADCO|Nigeria|defunct; former name: Aviation Development Company|-||ADL|Aero Dynamics|COTSWOLD|United Kingdom||-||ADN|

text: Aerodienst GmbH

text: |AERODIENST|Germany||-||ADP|

text: Aerodiplomatic

text: |AERODIPLOMATIC|Mexico||-||ADY|

text: Aerodyne

text: |AERODYNE|United States||-||ADQ|

text: Avion Taxi

text: |AIR DATA|Canada|2695731 Canada Inc.|-|JP|ADR|

text: Adria Airways

text: |ADRIA|Slovenia||-||ADS|

text: Aviones de Sonora

text: |SONORAV|Mexico||-||ADU|

text: Airdeal Oy

text: |AIRDEAL|Finland||-||ADV|

text: Advance Air Charters

text: |ADVANCE|Canada|defunct|-|EM*|AEB|

text: Aero Benin

text: |AEROBEN|Benin|defunct|-||AEC|

text: Aerocésar

text: |AEROCESAR|Colombia|defunct; aka Aerovías del César|-||AED|

text: Aerotrans Airlines

text: ||Russia|defunct|-||ADX|

text: Anderson Aviation

text: |ANDAX|United States||-|A3|AEE|

text: Aegean Airlines

text: |AEGEAN|Greece||-||AEG|

text: Aerofumigaciones Sam

text: |FUMIGACIONES SAM|Chile|defunct|-|2K|GLG|

text: Aerogal

text: |AEROGAL|Ecuador|Aerolíneas Galápagos SA|-||AEI|

text: Aeroexpreso Interamericano

text: |INTERAM|Colombia|defunct|-||AEJ|

text: Air Express

text: |KHAKI EXPRESS|Tanzania||-||AEK|

text: Aerocon

text: |AEROCON|Bolivia||-||AEM|

text: Aero Madrid

text: |AEROMADRID|Spain||-|KD|AEN|

text: Air Enterprise

text: |AIR ENTERPRISE|France|defunct|-||AEO|

text: Aeroservicios Ejecutivos Del Occidente

text: |AERO OCCIDENTE|Mexico||-||AEP|

text: Aerotec Escuela de Pilotos

text: |AEROTEC|Spain||-|KO|AER|

text: Alaska Central Express

text: |ACE AIR|United States||-|VX|AES|

text: ACES Colombia

text: |ACES|Colombia|defunct|-|KH|AAH|

text: Aloha Air Cargo

text: |ALOHA|United States||-||AAK|

text: Alaska Island Air

text: |ALASKA ISLAND|United States||-|AA|AAL|

text: American Airlines

text: |AMERICAN|United States||-|AX|—|

text: AmericanConnection

text: |—|United States||-|AN|AAA|

text: Ansett Australia

text: |ANSETT|Australia|defunct|-||AAC|

text: Army Air Corps

text: |ARMYAIR|United Kingdom||-|5W|AEU|

text: Astraeus

text: |FLYSTAR|United Kingdom|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-||AEV|

text: Aeroventas

text: |AEROVENTAS|Mexico||-|VV|AEW|

text: Aerosvit Airlines

text: |AEROSVIT|Ukraine|defunct|-||AEX|

text: Airway Express

text: |AVCO|United States|ICAO code no longer allocated|-||AEZ|

text: Aerial Transit

text: |AERIAL TRANZ|United States||-||AFA|

text: Alfa Air

text: |BLUE ALFA|Czech Republic||-|WK|AFB|

text: American Falcon

text: |AMERICAN FALCON|Argentina|defunct|-|QQ|UTY|

text: Alliance Airlines

text: |UNITY|Australia||-||UVS|

text: Air Universal

text: |UNI-LEONE|Sierra Leone|defunct|-||UVT|

text: Auvia Air

text: |AUVIA|Indonesia||-||AFC|

text: African West Air

text: |AFRICAN WEST|Senegal||-||AFE|

text: Airfast Indonesia

text: |AIRFAST|Indonesia||-|FG|AFG|

text: Ariana Afghan Airlines

text: |ARIANA|Afghanistan||-|RV*|AFI|

text: Africaone

text: |AFRICAWORLD|The Gambia||-|Y2|AFJ|

text: Alliance Air

text: |JAMBO|Uganda|Ceased operations 08/10/2000|-||AFK|

text: Africa Air Links

text: |AFRICA LINKS|Sierra Leone||-|SU|AFL|

text: Aeroflot Russian Airlines

text: |AEROFLOT|Russia||-||AFO|

text: Aero Empresa Mexicana

text: |AERO EMPRESA|Mexico||-||AFQ|

text: Alba Servizi Aerotrasporti

text: Airfreight Express

text: ||United Kingdom|Ceased operations 08/03/2002|-||AFY|

text: Africa Chartered Services

text: |AFRICA CHARTERED|Nigeria||-||AFZ|

text: Africa Freight Services

text: |AFREIGHT|Zambia||-||AGA|

text: Aeronaves Del Centro

text: ||Venezuela||-||AGC|

text: Arab Agricultural Aviation Company

text: |AGRICO|Egypt||-||AGF|

text: Atlantic Gulf Airlines

text: |ATLANTIC GULF|United States|defunct|-|5D|SLI|

text: Aerolitoral

text: |COSTERA|Mexico||-||AGG|

text: Algoma Airways

text: |ALGOMA|Canada|ICAO code no longer allocated|-||AGH|

text: Altagna

text: |ALTAGNA|France||-||AGO|

text: Angola Air Charter

text: |ANGOLA CHARTER|Angola||-||AGP|

text: AERFI Group

text: |AIR TARA|Ireland||-||AGQ|

text: Aerogala

text: Amadeus Global Travel Distribution

text: |AMADEUS|Spain||-||AGU|

text: Angara Airlines

text: |SARMA|Russia||-||AGW|

text: Aero Gambia

text: |AERO GAMBIA|Gambia|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-|JJ|AGX|

text: Aviogenex

text: |GENEX|Serbia||-||BLR|

text: Atlantic Coast Airlines

text: |BLUE RIDGE|United States|defunct|-||BLZ|

text: Aero Barloz

text: |AEROLOZ|Mexico||-|PL|PLI|

text: Aeroperú

text: Atlas Blue

text: |ATLAS BLUE|Morocco|defunct|-||BNB|

text: Aero Banobras

text: |AEROBANOBRAS|Mexico||-||AGY|

text: Aero Flight Service

text: |FLIGHT GROUP|United States||-||AGZ|

text: Agrolet-Mci

text: |AGROLET|Slovakia||-|GD|AHA|

text: Air Alpha Greenland

text: |AIR ALPHA|Denmark|sold to

text: Air Greenland

text: |-||AHC|

text: Azal Avia Cargo

text: |AZALAVIACARGO|Azerbaijan|Cargo Airline of the State Concern Azerbaijan Hava|-||AHE|

text: Airport Helicopter Basel, Muller & Co.

text: |AIRPORT HELICOPTER|Switzerland||-||CJE|

text: Aeroservices Corporate

text: |BIRD JET|France||-||AHF|

text: Aspen Helicopters

text: |ASPEN|United States||-||AHG|

text: Aerochago Airlines

text: |AEROCHAGO|Dominican Republic|defunct|-||AHH|

text: Airplanes Holdings

text: |AIRHOLD|Ireland||-||AHP|

text: Aerochiapas

text: |AEROCHIAPAS|Mexico||-||AHU|

text: ABC Air Hungary

text: |ABC HUNGARY|Hungary||-|HT|AHW|

text: Aeromist-Kharkiv

text: Azerbaijan Airlines

text: Avies

text: Airbus Industrie

text: |AIRBUS INDUSTRIE|France||-||AIH|

text: Alpine Air Chile

text: |ALPINE CHILE|Chile||-||AIJ|

text: ABC Aerolíneas

text: |ABC AEROLINEAS|Mexico||-||AIK|

text: African Airlines

text: International Limited|AFRICAN AIRLINES|Kenya||-||AIN|

text: African International Airways

text: |FLY CARGO|Swaziland||-|5A|AIP|

text: Alpine Air Express

text: |ALPINE AIR|United States||-||AIU|

text: Alicante Internacional Airlines

text: |ALIA|Spain||-||ABP|

text: ABS Jets

text: |BAIR|Czech Republic|Named changed from

text: Aba Air

text: |-|ED*|ABQ|

text: Airblue

text: |PAKBLUE|Pakistan||-||THM|

text: Airmark Aviation

text: |THAI AIRMARK|Thailand||-||AIR|

text: Airlift International

text: |AIRLIFT|United States|defunct|-||AIT|

text: Airest

text: | |Estonia||-||AIV|

text: Airvias S/A Linhas Aéreas

text: |AIRVIAS|Brazil||-|W4|BES|Aero Services Executive|BIRD EXPRESS|France||-||AIW|

text: Atlantic Island Airways

text: |TARTAN|Canada||-||AIX|

text: Aircruising Australia

text: |CRUISER|Australia||-||AIY|

text: Aircrew Check and Training Australia

text: |AIRCREW|Australia||-|IZ|AIZ|

text: Arkia Israel Airlines

text: |ARKIA|Israel||-||AJA|

text: Afghan Jet International Airlines

text: |AFGHAN JET|Afghanistan||-||AJB|

text: Aero JBR

text: |AERO JBR|Mexico||-||AJE|

text: Aero Jet Express

text: |JET EXPRESS|Mexico|defunct|-||AJF|

text: Avia Consult Flugbetriebs

text: |AVIACONSULT|Austria||-||AJI|

text: Ameristar Jet Charter

text: |AMERISTAR|United States||-||AJK|

text: Allied Air

text: |BAMBI|Nigeria||-||AJO|

text: Aero Ejecutivo

text: |AEROEXO|Mexico|defunct|-||AJP|

text: Aero Jets Corporativos

text: |AEROJETS|Mexico||-||AJS|

text: Aeroejecutivos Colombia

text: |AEROEJECUTIVOS|Colombia|

text: Aeroejecutivos Aeroservicios Ejecutivos

text: Amerijet International

text: |AMERIJET|United States||-||AJV|

text: ANA & JP Express

text: |AYJAY CARGO|Japan|merged into

text: Air Japan

text: |-||AJW|

text: Alpha Jet International

text: |ALPHAJET|United States||-||AJY|

text: AJet

text: |AYJET|Cyprus|defunct, ICAO code no longer allocated|-||AKB|

text: Aktjubavia

text: |KARAB|Kazakhstan||-||AKC|

text: Arca Aerovías Colombianas Ltda.

text: |ARCA|Colombia||-||AKF|

text: Anikay Air Company

text: |ANIKAY|Kyrgyzstan||-||AKH|

text: Akhal

text: |AKHAL|Turkmenistan||-||MNI|

text: Aeromilenio

text: |AEROMIL|Mexico||-||AKK|

text: Aklak Air

text: Air Kiribati

text: ||Kiribati||-||AKN|

text: Alkan Air

text: |ALKAN AIR|Canada||-||AKW|

text: Angkor Airways

text: |ANGKORWAYS|Cambodia|defunct|-||AKZ|

text: AK Navigator LLC

text: |ABSOLUTE|Kazakhstan|ICAO code no longer allocated|-||ALB|

text: Aero Albatros

text: |ALBATROS|Mexico||-||ALD|

text: Albion Aviation

text: |ALBION|United Kingdom||-||ALE|

text: Aeroalas Colombia

text: |AEROALAS|Colombia|defunct|-||ALF|

text: Allied Command Europe (Mobile Force)

text: |ACEFORCE|Belgium||-||BTS|

text: Aerotaxis Albatros

text: |AEROLINEAS ALBATROS|Mexico||-||FYS|

text: American Flyers

text: |AMERICAN FLYERS|United States||-||DFA|

text: Aero Coach Aviation

text: |AERO COACH|United States||-|EV|ASQ|

text: Atlantic Southeast Airlines

text: |ACEY|United States|Merged into

text: ExpressJet Airlines

text: |-||BVR|

text: ACM Air Charter

text: |BAVARIAN|Germany||-||ALG|

text: Air Logistics

text: |AIRLOG|United States||-||ALL|

text: Aerovallarta

text: |VALLARTA|Mexico||-|HP|AWE|

text: America West Airlines

text: |CACTUS|United States|Merged with

text: US Airways

text: |-||TNO|

text: Aerotransporte de Carga Union

text: |AEROUNION|Mexico||-||TND|

text: Aero Taxis Cessna

text: |TAXIS CESSNA|Mexico||-||TMP|

text: Arizona Express Airlines

text: |TEMPE|United States||-||ALO|

text: Allegheny Commuter Airlines

text: |ALLEGHENY|United States|

text: US Airways Express

text: |-||ALP|

text: Allpoints Jet

text: |ALLPOINTS|China||-||ALP|

text: Alpliner AG

text: |ALPINER|Switzerland|Code now allocated to another user|-||ALQ|

text: Altair Aviation (1986)

text: |ALTAIR|Canada||-|VH|ALV|

text: Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela

text: |AEROPOSTAL|Venezuela||-||ALW|

text: Alas Nacionales, S.A.

text: |ALNACIONAL|Dominican Republic||-||ALY|

text: Alyeska Air Service

text: |ALYESKA|United States||-||ALZ|

text: Alta Flights (Charters) Ltd.

text: | |Canada||-||AMA|

text: ATMA

text: |ADIK|Kazakhstan||-||AMD|

text: Aerolíneas Medellín

text: |AEROLINEAS MEDELLIN|Colombia|defunct|-||AMF|

text: Ameriflight

text: |AMFLIGHT|United States||-||AMH|

text: Alan Mann Helicopters Ltd.

text: |MANN|United Kingdom|ICAO code no longer allocated

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a major problem in the developing world, according to a new report.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone depletion

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ||-||As of 2013, the Clean Air Act regulates this many pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air Canada Rouge|ROUGE|Canada||-||

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and particulates

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: arid climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog can build up on a winter day because inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: EARL|Uganda||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Uganda|PEARL|Uganda||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Uganda|PEARL|Uganda||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Uganda|PEARL|Uganda||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Uganda|PEARL|Uganda||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Uganda|PEARL|Uganda||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Uganda|PEARL|Uganda||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Uganda|PEARL|Uganda||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Uganda|PEARL|Uganda||-||NKY|Aeromonkey|AEROMON|Mexico||-||AWP|Aeroworld

text: In the Assembly, Warren became known as a strong proponent of environmental initiatives, but environment was not among his main interests at first. As the representative of an urban area, his initial legislative focus areas included fair housing, other civil rights matters, and transportation. Air quality was also a concern for his district, where smog was a problem. Early in his legislative career, he was the Assembly's representative to the Governor's Advisory Commission on the Status of Women. That experience led to his becoming author of several bills aimed at ensuring pay equity between men and women performing the same jobs. Four years of effort led to the successful enactment of one of his bills, AB 22.

text: In the Assembly, Warren became known as a strong proponent of environmental initiatives, but environment was not among his main interests at first. As the representative of an urban area, his initial legislative focus areas included

text: fair housing

text: , other

text: civil rights

text: matters, and transportation.

text: Air quality

text: was also a concern for his district, where

text: smog

text: was a problem. Early in his legislative career, he was the Assembly's representative to the Governor's Advisory Commission on the Status of Women. That experience led to his becoming author of several bills aimed at ensuring pay equity between men and women performing the same jobs. Four years of effort led to the successful enactment of one of his bills, AB 22.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: urban area

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: urban areas

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban area

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog was a problem.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 22.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air quality was also a concern for his district, where smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban area,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air quality

text: The nickname Smoggies was first used as a derogatory term by opposing supporters; it relates to the industrial air pollution (smog) that used to hang over the town, but it was later used by Middlesbrough fans in a somewhat self-deprecating manner before finally being adopted as a badge of pride by supporters of the club. An example of this can be seen on the banners carried to away games stating "Smoggies on Tour". Middlesbrough fans were notably praised by UEFA Chief Executive Lars-Christer Olsson after their behaviour during the 2005–06 UEFA Cup campaign. He commended that: Middlesbrough fans had also been praised by Cleveland Police for their behaviour in previous rounds, particularly in the light of aggravation prior to and during the match at Roma.

text: The nickname

text: Smoggie

text: s was first used as a derogatory term by opposing supporters; it relates to the industrial air pollution (smog) that used to hang over the town, but it was later used by Middlesbrough fans in a somewhat self-deprecating manner before finally being adopted as a badge of pride by supporters of the club. An example of this can be seen on the banners carried to away games stating "Smoggies on Tour". Middlesbrough fans were notably praised by

text: UEFA

text: Chief Executive

text: Lars-Christer Olsson

text: after their behaviour during the

text: 2005–06 UEFA Cup

text: campaign. He commended that: Middlesbrough fans had also been praised by

text: Cleveland Police

text: for their behaviour in previous rounds, particularly in the light of aggravation prior to and during the match at

text: Roma

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Smoggies

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial air

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industrial air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2005–06 UEFA Cup campaign.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: (smog)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: industrial air pollution

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smoggies

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: (smog)

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industrial air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smoggies

text: Smog can form in almost any climate where industries or cities release large amounts of air pollution, such as smoke or gases. However, it is worse during periods of warmer, sunnier weather when the upper air is warm enough to inhibit vertical circulation. It is especially prevalent in geologic basins encircled by hills or mountains. It often stays for an extended period of time over densely populated cities or urban areas, and can build up to dangerous levels.

text: Smog can form in almost any climate where industries or cities release large amounts of

text: air pollution

text: , such as smoke or gases. However, it is worse during periods of warmer, sunnier weather when the upper air is warm enough to inhibit vertical circulation. It is especially prevalent in geologic basins encircled by hills or mountains. It often stays for an extended period of time over densely populated cities or urban areas, and can build up to dangerous levels.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industries or cities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industries or cities release large amounts of air pollution, such as smoke or gases.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: warmer, sunnier weather

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smoke or gases.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industries or cities release large amounts of air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: gases.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: It is especially prevalent in geologic basins

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smoke or gases.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: geologic basins encircled by hills or mountains.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: it is worse during periods of warmer, sunnier weather

text: Several atmospheric trace gases such as ozone , sulfur dioxide  and nitrogen oxides  are anthropogenic, chemically reactive factors of air quality at a regional level. Others such as carbon dioxide  and methane  are important greenhouse gases and are produced anthropogenically but mainly by plants, microorganisms and from natural geothermal sources. However, volcanic activity is an important source of trace gases as well.

text: Several atmospheric trace gases such as

text: ozone

text: sulfur dioxide

text: and

text: nitrogen oxide

text: s  are

text: anthropogenic

text: , chemically reactive factors of

text: air quality

text: at a regional level. Others such as

text: carbon dioxide

text: and

text: methane

text: are important

text: greenhouse gas

text: es and are produced anthropogenically but mainly by

text: plant

text: s,

text: microorganism

text: s and from natural geothermal sources. However,

text: volcanic activity

text: is an important source of trace gases as well.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: volcanic activity

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: anthropogenic,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: anthropogenic,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: volcanic activity

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ozone, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Several atmospheric trace gases

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Several atmospheric trace gases

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: volcanic activity

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Several atmospheric trace gases

text: Singapore constantly monitors and review its air quality standard by setting new air quality aims and targets. Singapore uses Telemetric Air Quality Monitoring and Management System comprising 17 remote air monitoring stations linked electronically to a Central Control System. Fourteen of the stations monitor ambient air quality while three measure the quality of roadside air. These stations periodically measure the concentrations of main pollutants such as sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, ozone and respirable suspended particles.

text: Singapore constantly monitors and review its

text: air quality standard

text: by setting new air quality aims and targets. Singapore uses Telemetric Air Quality Monitoring and Management System comprising 17 remote air monitoring stations linked electronically to a Central Control System. Fourteen of the stations monitor ambient air quality while three measure the quality of roadside air. These stations periodically measure the concentrations of main

text: pollutants

text: such as

text: sulphur dioxide

text: oxides of nitrogen

text: carbon monoxide

text: ozone

text: and

text: respirable suspended particles

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: sulphur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: respirable suspended particles.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 17 remote air monitoring stations linked electronically to a Central Control System.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: respirable suspended particles.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Singapore

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Singapore constantly monitors and review its air quality standard

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: respirable suspended particles.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Singapore

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 17 remote air monitoring stations linked electronically to a Central Control System.

text: In business, engineering and manufacturing, quality has a pragmatic interpretation as the non-inferiority or superiority of something; it is also defined as fitness for purpose. Quality is a perceptual, conditional, and somewhat subjective attribute and may be understood differently by different people. Consumers may focus on the specification quality of a product/service, or how it compares to competitors in the marketplace. Producers might measure the conformance quality, or degree to which the product/service was produced correctly.

text: In

text: business

text: engineering

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: , quality has a

text: pragmatic

text: interpretation as the non-inferiority or superiority of something; it is also defined as fitness for purpose. Quality is a perceptual, conditional, and somewhat subjective attribute and may be understood differently by different people. Consumers may focus on the specification quality of a product/service, or how it compares to competitors in the marketplace. Producers might measure the conformance quality, or degree to which the product/service was

text: produced correctly

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollution of the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1,500

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental concerns

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversions

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Producers might measure the conformance quality,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Quality

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: quality has a pragmatic interpretation as the non-inferiority

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: non-inferiority

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Quality is a perceptual, conditional, and somewhat subjective attribute

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: competitors in the marketplace.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: In business, engineering and manufacturing,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Quality is a perceptual, conditional, and somewhat subjective attribute

text: Air is the default gas for most shallow recreational diving, and in some parts of the world it may be the only gas easily available. It is freely available, consistent in quality and easily compressed. If there were no problems associated with the use of air for deeper and longer dives, there would be no reason to use anything else.

text: Air

text: is the default gas for most shallow recreational diving, and in some parts of the world it may be the only gas easily available. It is freely available, consistent in quality and easily compressed. If there were no problems associated with the use of air for deeper and longer dives, there would be no reason to use anything else.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: not the same thing as

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air is the default gas for most shallow recreational diving,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air is the default gas for most shallow recreational diving,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air is the default gas for most shallow recreational diving,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air is the default gas for most shallow recreational diving,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air is the default gas for most shallow recreational diving,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: problems associated with the use of air for deeper and longer dives,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air is the default gas for most shallow recreational diving,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: only gas easily available.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air is the default gas for most shallow recreational diving,

text: The Air Quality Health Index provides a number from 1 to 10+ to indicate the level of health risk associated with local air quality. Occasionally, when the amount of air pollution is abnormally high, the number may exceed 10. The AQHI provides a local air quality current value as well as a local air quality maximums forecast for today, tonight and tomorrow and provides associated health advice.

text: The Air Quality Health Index provides a number from 1 to 10+ to indicate the level of health risk associated with local air quality. Occasionally, when the amount of air pollution is abnormally high, the number may exceed 10. The AQHI provides a local air quality current value as well as a local air quality maximums forecast for today, tonight and tomorrow and provides associated health advice.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQHI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: abnormally high

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 10.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 10.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: abnormally high,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution is abnormally high, the number may exceed 10.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1 to 10+

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: when the amount of air pollution is abnormally high,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Air Quality Health Index provides a number from 1 to 10+

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution is abnormally high,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 10.

text: By the late 1970s, the pollution of Athens had become so destructive that according to the then Greek Minister of Culture, Constantine Trypanis, "...the carved details on the five the caryatids of the Erechtheum had seriously degenerated, while the face of the horseman on the Parthenon's west side was all but obliterated." A series of measures taken by the authorities of the city throughout the 1990s resulted in the improvement of air quality; the appearance of smog (or nefos as the Athenians used to call it) has become less common.

text: By the late 1970s, the pollution of Athens had become so destructive that according to the then Greek

text: Minister of Culture

text: , Constantine Trypanis, "...the carved details on the five the caryatids of the Erechtheum had seriously degenerated, while the face of the horseman on the Parthenon's west side was all but obliterated." A series of measures taken by the authorities of the city throughout the 1990s resulted in the improvement of air quality; the appearance of smog (or nefos as the Athenians used to call it) has become less common.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality;

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: five

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollution of Athens

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality;

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: nefos

text: If passed, this bill would amend several core components of the Clean Air Act (CAA).  Title III of the CAA would be amended to have the term “greenhouse gas” include: water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and any other substance subject to, or proposed to be subject to, regulation, action, or consideration under this Act to address climate change.

text: If passed, this bill would amend several core components of the Clean Air Act (CAA).  Title III of the CAA would be amended to have the term “greenhouse gas” include: water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and any other substance subject to, or proposed to be subject to, regulation, action, or consideration under this Act to address climate change.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrous oxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: “greenhouse gas”

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: “greenhouse gas”

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: “greenhouse gas”

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate change.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride,

text: Spare the Air days are declared for days in which levels of ground-level ozone (a constituent of smog) are predicted to exceed the EPA's federal health-based standard of 84 ppb, or an air quality index over 100.  On a Spare the Air day, Bay Area residents are asked through radio and television announcements to reduce their driving, refrain from using gas-powered gardening equipment and curb other air polluting activities such as painting and aerosol spray can usage. People especially sensitive to smog are advised to limit their time outdoors.

text: Spare the Air days are declared for days in which levels of

text: ground-level ozone

text: (a constituent of

text: smog

text: ) are predicted to exceed the

text: EPA

text: 's federal health-based standard of 84

text: ppb

text: , or an

text: air quality index

text: over 100.  On a Spare the Air day, Bay Area residents are asked through

text: radio

text: and

text: television

text: announcements to reduce their driving, refrain from using gas-powered gardening equipment and curb other air polluting activities such as painting and

text: aerosol spray

text: can usage. People especially sensitive to smog are advised to limit their time outdoors.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Bay Area

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: painting and aerosol spray can usage.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Spare the Air days

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 84 ppb,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 84 ppb, or an air quality index over 100.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog)

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: painting and aerosol spray can usage.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: People especially sensitive to smog are advised to limit their time outdoors.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Spare the Air days

text: A study by atmospheric scientists at Stanford University found that E85 fuel would increase the risk of air pollution deaths relative to gasoline by 9% in Los Angeles, US: a very large, urban, car-based metropolis that is a worst-case scenario. Ozone levels are significantly increased, thereby increasing photochemical smog and aggravating medical problems such as asthma.

text: A study by atmospheric scientists at Stanford University found that E85 fuel would increase the risk of air pollution deaths relative to gasoline by 9% in Los Angeles, US: a very large, urban, car-based metropolis that is a worst-case scenario.

text: Ozone

text: levels are significantly increased, thereby increasing photochemical smog and aggravating medical problems such as asthma.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Ozone levels

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban nature

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: E85

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: US:

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Ozone levels are significantly increased,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 9%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: E85 fuel would increase the risk of air pollution deaths

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Ozone levels are significantly increased, thereby increasing photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: large, urban, car-based metropolis

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Ozone levels are significantly increased,

text: The Clean Air Act requires the US EPA to regulate six common pollutants. These air pollutants (also known as "criteria pollutants") are found all over the United States. They are particle pollution, ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and lead. All of these pollutants have been shown to have adverse health and environmental impacts and some can cause property damage. Of the six pollutants, particle pollution and ground-level ozone are the most widespread health threats. EPA calls these pollutants "criteria" air pollutants because it regulates them by developing human health-based and/or environmentally based criteria (science-based guidelines) for setting permissible levels.

text: The

text: Clean Air Act

text: requires the

text: US EPA

text: to regulate six common pollutants. These air pollutants (also known as "criteria pollutants") are found all over the United States. They are particle pollution, ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and lead. All of these pollutants have been shown to have adverse health and environmental impacts and some can cause property damage. Of the six pollutants, particle pollution and ground-level ozone are the most widespread health threats. EPA calls these pollutants "criteria" air pollutants because it regulates them by developing human health-based and/or environmentally based criteria (science-based guidelines) for setting permissible levels.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what are the most widespread health threats

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sulfur oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particle pollution,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: lead.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "criteria pollutants") are found all over the United States.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and lead.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: particle pollution and ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Clean Air Act requires the US EPA to regulate six common pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and lead.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: particle pollution and ground-level ozone are the most widespread health threats.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "criteria pollutants") are found all over the United States.

text: In United States environmental law, a nonattainment area is an area considered to have air quality worse than the National Ambient Air Quality Standards as defined in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 (P.L. 91-604, Sec. 109). Nonattainment areas must have and implement a plan to meet the standard, or risk losing some forms of federal financial assistance. An area may be a nonattainment area for one pollutant and an attainment area for others.

text: In United States environmental law, a nonattainment area is an area considered to have air quality worse than the

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: as defined in the

text: Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970

text: (P.L. 91-604, Sec. 109). Nonattainment areas must have and implement a plan to meet the standard, or risk losing some forms of federal financial assistance. An area may be a nonattainment area for one pollutant and an attainment area for others.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a nonattainment area

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: nonattainment area for one pollutant

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: nonattainment area for one pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nonattainment area

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: one pollutant

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: nonattainment area

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: nonattainment area

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: nonattainment area

text: In March 2014, with their reliance on coal-fired power having become a major cause of their current "smog crisis," they reduced their original goal of creating a working reactor from 25 years down to 10. "In the past, the government was interested in nuclear power because of the energy shortage. Now they are more interested because of smog," said Professor Li Zhong, a scientist working on the project. "This is definitely a race," he added.

text: In March 2014, with their reliance on coal-fired power having become a major cause of their current "smog crisis," they reduced their original goal of creating a working reactor from 25 years down to 10. "In the past, the government was interested in nuclear power because of the energy shortage. Now they are more interested because of smog," said Professor Li Zhong, a scientist working on the project. "This is definitely a race," he added.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: coal reliance

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: coal-fired power

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "smog crisis,"

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "smog crisis,"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal-fired power

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 25 years down to 10.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: coal-fired power

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "smog crisis,"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: coal-fired power

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: reliance on coal-fired power

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: coal-fired power

text: The major culprits from transportation sources are carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO and NO), volatile organic compounds, sulfur dioxide, and hydrocarbons. (Hydrocarbons are the main components of petroleum fuels such as gasoline and diesel fuel.) These molecules react with sunlight, heat, ammonia, moisture, and other compounds to form the noxious vapors, ground level ozone, and particles that comprise smog.

text: The major culprits from transportation sources are carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO and NO), volatile organic compounds, sulfur dioxide, and hydrocarbons. (Hydrocarbons are the main components of

text: petroleum fuels

text: such as

text: gasoline

text: and

text: diesel fuel

text: .) These molecules react with sunlight, heat,

text: ammonia

text: , moisture, and other compounds to form the noxious vapors, ground level

text: ozone

text: , and particles that comprise smog.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: noxious vapors

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: transportation sources

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: transportation

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: transportation sources

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: carbon monoxide (CO),

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The major culprits from transportation sources are carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: volatile organic compounds, sulfur dioxide, and hydrocarbons.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: transportation sources

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides

text: This list contains the list of cities by PM2.5 annual mean concentration measurement whose measurement is greater than or equal to the air quality guideline (AQG) of 10 as documented by the World Health Organization covering the period from 2008 to 2013, with the majority of values for the years 2011 and 2012. The WHO database contains results of ambient (outdoor) air pollution monitoring from almost 1600 cities in 91 countries. Air quality in the database is represented by the annual mean concentration of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5, i.e. particles smaller than 10 or 2.5 micrometres).

text: This list contains the list of cities by

text: annual mean concentration measurement whose measurement is greater than or equal to the

text: air quality guideline

text: (AQG) of 10 as documented by the

text: World Health Organization

text: covering the period from 2008 to 2013, with the majority of values for the years 2011 and 2012. The WHO database contains results of

text: ambient

text: (outdoor)

text: air pollution

text: monitoring from almost 1600 cities in 91 countries. Air quality in the database is represented by the annual mean concentration of

text: particulate matter

text: and PM2.5, i.e. particles smaller than 10 or 2.5 micrometres).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM10

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2008 to 2013,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: (outdoor)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 10

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 10

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality guideline (AQG) of 10

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 10

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 10

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 10

text: The Air Quality Health Index  or  (AQHI) is a scale designed to help understand the impact of air quality on health. It is a health protection tool used to make decisions to reduce short-term exposure to air pollution by adjusting activity levels during increased levels of air pollution. The Air Quality Health Index also provides advice on how to improve air quality by proposing behavioral change to reduce the ecological footprint. This index pays particular attention to people who are sensitive to air pollution. It  provides them with advice on how to protect their health during air quality levels associated with low, moderate, high and very high health risks.

text: The Air Quality Health Index  or  (AQHI) is a scale designed to help understand the impact of

text: air quality

text: on health. It is a health protection tool used to make decisions to reduce short-term exposure to air pollution by adjusting activity levels during increased levels of air pollution. The Air Quality Health Index also provides advice on how to improve air quality by proposing behavioral change to reduce the

text: ecological footprint

text: . This index pays particular attention to people who are sensitive to air pollution. It  provides them with advice on how to protect their health during air quality levels associated with low, moderate, high and very high health risks.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: high health risks

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high population density

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution by adjusting activity levels during increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ecological footprint.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: low, moderate, high and very high

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Air Quality Health Index

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: low, moderate, high and very high health risks.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: increased levels of air pollution.

text: The Clean Air Act was an Act of Parliament passed in New Zealand in 1972. It was repealed by the Resource Management Act 1991.

text: The Clean Air Act was an Act of Parliament passed in

text: New Zealand

text: in 1972. It was repealed by the

text: Resource Management Act 1991

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1972. It was repealed by the Resource Management Act 1991.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1991.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1972.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Resource Management Act 1991.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act

text: The genesis of air quality within the EU is the Council Directive 96/62/EC on ambient air quality assessment and management which is commonly referred to as the Air Quality Framework Directive. It described the approach as to how air quality would be assessed and managed in the EU member states. It lists the pollutants for which air quality standards and objectives would be developed and specified in legislation (EU, 1996). There were 4 ‘daughter’ directives for specified pollutants, however as we shall see in The Cleaner Air For Europe Directive (CAFE), 2008/50/EC below, Daughter Directives 1, 2 and 3 were subsumed into CAFE with daughter directive 4 to be subsumed at a later stage (EPA, 2016).Subsequent to the Gothenburg Protocol United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) agreed in December 1999, which focused on reducing, by 2010, the air concentrations of four air pollutants, namely sulfur dioxide (to be reduced by 63%), nitrogen oxides (41%), volatile organic compounds (40%) and ammonia (17%), leading the EU to introduce the 2001/81/EC Directive on national emissions ceilings. This became law in Ireland by way of the European Communities (National Emissions Ceilings) Regulations 2004. The Environmental Protection Agency was assigned the status of competent authority to assess ambient air quality, approving air measuring devices etc. (Menzies, 2016). The Cleaner Air For Europe Directive, 2008/50/EC or CAFE as it is known, sets out the need to ascertain the ambient air qualities, assessing for comparison and informing the public where need be. In order to do this the legislation sets out the need for member states to break their countries into zones and agglomerations (collections of people). Ireland is broken into 4 zones, A, B, C and D representing Dublin, Cork, small towns/cities and rural areas respectively (Menzies, 2016).  CAFE, like that of the 2001/81/EC Directive, determines that additional pollutants will be measured and reduced, namely;• Carbon monoxide,• PM10 and PM2.5’s (particulate matter),• Lead,• Benzene,• Sulfur dioxide,• Nitrogen dioxide.The CAFE Directive was transposed into Irish legislation by the Air Quality Standards Regulations 2011 (S.I. No. 180 of 2011) which in turn replaced the Air Quality Standards Regulations 2002 (S.I. No. 271 of 2002), the Ozone in Ambient Air Regulations 2004 (S.I. No. 53 of 2004) and S.I. No. 33 of 1999 - Environmental Protection Agency Act, 1992 (Ambient Air Quality Assessment and Management) Regulations. (EPA, 2016).Monitoring

text: The genesis of

text: air quality

text: within the EU is the Council Directive 96/62/EC on ambient air quality assessment and management which is commonly referred to as the Air Quality Framework Directive. It described the approach as to how air quality would be assessed and managed in the EU member states. It lists the pollutants for which air quality standards and objectives would be developed and specified in legislation (EU, 1996). There were 4 ‘daughter’ directives for specified pollutants, however as we shall see in The Cleaner Air For Europe Directive (CAFE), 2008/50/EC below, Daughter Directives 1, 2 and 3 were subsumed into CAFE with daughter directive 4 to be subsumed at a later stage (EPA, 2016).Subsequent to the

text: Gothenburg Protocol

entity_name: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

text: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

text: (UNECE) agreed in December 1999, which focused on reducing, by 2010, the air concentrations of four air pollutants, namely

text: sulfur dioxide

text: (to be reduced by 63%),

text: nitrogen oxides

text: volatile organic compound

text: s (40%) and

text: ammonia

text: (17%), leading the EU to introduce the 2001/81/EC Directive on national emissions ceilings. This became law in Ireland by way of the European Communities (National Emissions Ceilings) Regulations 2004. The Environmental Protection Agency was assigned the status of competent authority to assess ambient air quality, approving air measuring devices etc. (Menzies, 2016). The Cleaner Air For Europe Directive, 2008/50/EC or CAFE as it is known, sets out the need to ascertain the ambient air qualities, assessing for comparison and informing the public where need be. In order to do this the legislation sets out the need for member states to break their countries into zones and agglomerations (collections of people). Ireland is broken into 4 zones, A, B, C and D representing Dublin, Cork, small towns/cities and rural areas respectively (Menzies, 2016).  CAFE, like that of the 2001/81/EC Directive, determines that additional pollutants will be measured and reduced, namely;•

text: Carbon monoxide

text: and

text: ’s (particulate matter),•

text: Lead

text: Benzene

text: ,• Sulfur dioxide,•

text: Nitrogen dioxide

text: .The CAFE Directive was transposed into Irish legislation by the Air Quality Standards Regulations 2011 (S.I. No. 180 of 2011) which in turn replaced the Air Quality Standards Regulations 2002 (S.I. No. 271 of 2002), the Ozone in Ambient Air Regulations 2004 (S.I. No. 53 of 2004) and S.I. No. 33 of 1999 - Environmental Protection Agency Act, 1992 (Ambient Air Quality Assessment and Management) Regulations. (EPA, 2016).Monitoring

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: European Industrial Revolution.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The Cleaner Air For Europe Directive, 2008/50/EC

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Gothenburg Protocol

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM10 and PM2.5’s

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: European Communities (National Emissions Ceilings) Regulations 2004.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Cleaner Air For Europe Directive,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Cleaner Air For Europe Directive,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Carbon monoxide,• PM10 and PM2.5’s

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: (17%),

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Gothenburg Protocol

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Carbon monoxide,• PM10 and PM2.5’s

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 2001/81/EC Directive on national emissions ceilings.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Carbon monoxide,• PM10 and PM2.5’s

text: Numbered air forces began as named organizations in the United States Army Air Corps before World War II.  The first four NAFs were established as the Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, and Southwest Air Districts on 19 October 1940 to provide air defense  for the United States.  These Air Districts were redesignated as the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Air Forces, respectively, on 26 March 1941.  Over a year after the establishment of the United States Army Air Forces on June 20, 1941, the Arabic numerals were changed to the First, Second, Third, and Fourth Air Forces on 18 September 1942.  Other organizations established during this period and that became Numbered air forces include the Philippine Department Air Force (became Fifth Air Force), the Panama Canal Air Force (became Sixth Air Force), the Hawaiian Air Force (became Seventh Air Force), and the Alaskan Air Force (became Eleventh Air Force).  After World War II, the US Air Force continued to use both named and numbered air forces.  While named air forces were used in both tactical and support roles, numbered air forces were generally employed only in tactical roles.

text: Numbered air forces began as named organizations in the

text: United States Army Air Corps

text: before World War II.  The first four NAFs were established as the Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, and Southwest Air Districts on 19 October 1940 to provide air defense  for the United States.  These Air Districts were redesignated as the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Air Forces, respectively, on 26 March 1941.  Over a year after the establishment of the

text: United States Army Air Forces

text: on June 20, 1941, the Arabic numerals were changed to the

text: First

text: Second

text: Third

text: , and

text: Fourth Air Force

text: s on 18 September 1942.  Other organizations established during this period and that became Numbered air forces include the Philippine Department Air Force (became

text: Fifth Air Force

text: ), the Panama Canal Air Force (became

text: Sixth Air Force

text: ), the Hawaiian Air Force (became

text: Seventh Air Force

text: ), and the Alaskan Air Force (became

text: Eleventh Air Force

text: ).  After World War II, the US Air Force continued to use both named and numbered air forces.  While named air forces were used in both tactical and support roles, numbered air forces were generally employed only in tactical roles.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the cause of air pollution?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: numbered air forces

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: the Panama Canal Air Force

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: numbered air forces were generally employed only in tactical roles.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air defense for the United States.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air defense for the United States.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Seventh Air Force),

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: numbered air forces were generally employed only in tactical roles.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: World War II.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Panama Canal Air Force

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air defense for the United States.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: numbered air forces were generally employed only in tactical roles.

text: Other potentially damaging materials include non-archival quality cardboard, card, paper, cotton and cork, all of which give off acidic vapors over time. PVC and polyurethane plastics are also a problem, as they degrade and give off acidic vapors with time. High humidity of the air is a significant contributing factor, as is lack of ventilation of the specimens. High ambient temperatures can increase the rapidity of the decay.

text: Other potentially damaging materials include non-archival quality

text: cardboard

text: , card,

text: paper

text: cotton

text: and

text: cork

text: , all of which give off acidic vapors over time.

text: PVC

text: and

text: polyurethane

text: plastics are also a problem, as they degrade and give off acidic vapors with time. High

text: humidity

text: of the air is a significant contributing factor, as is lack of ventilation of the specimens. High ambient temperatures can increase the rapidity of the decay.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a significant contributing factor

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: high humidity of the air

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: non-archival quality cardboard

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high humidity

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: PVC and polyurethane plastics

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: High ambient temperatures

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: High humidity of the air is a significant contributing factor,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: High humidity

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: cardboard, card, paper, cotton and cork,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: High humidity

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: acidic vapors over time.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: non-archival quality cardboard, card, paper, cotton and cork,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: High humidity

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: High ambient temperatures

text: Street-level air quality regularly falls short of the government’s Air Quality Objectives (AQOs), and even further short of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Air Quality Guidelines, revised in October.

text: Street-level air quality regularly falls short of the government’s Air Quality Objectives (AQOs), and even further short of the

text: World Health Organisation

text: (WHO) Air Quality Guidelines, revised in October.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Street-level air quality regularly falls short of the government’s

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Street-level air quality regularly falls short of the government’s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air Quality Objectives

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Objectives

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Street-level air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Street-level air quality

text: Urban computing has a lot of potential to improve urban quality of life by improving the environment people live in, such as by raising air quality and reducing noise pollution. Many chemicals that are undesirable or poisonous are polluting the air, such as PM 2.5, PM 10, and carbon monoxide. Many cities measure air quality by setting up a few measurement stations across the city, but these stations are too expensive to cover the entire city. Because air quality is complex, it’s difficult to infer the quality of air in between two measurement stations.

text: Urban computing has a lot of potential to improve urban quality of life by improving the environment people live in, such as by raising air quality and reducing noise pollution. Many chemicals that are undesirable or poisonous are polluting the air, such as PM 2.5, PM 10, and carbon monoxide. Many cities measure air quality by setting up a few measurement stations across the city, but these stations are too expensive to cover the entire city. Because air quality is complex, it’s difficult to infer the quality of air in between two measurement stations.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: urban

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: chemicals that are undesirable or poisonous

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: PM 10

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM 10, and carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: chemicals that are undesirable or poisonous

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: PM 2.5, PM 10,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: chemicals that are undesirable or poisonous

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Many chemicals that are undesirable or poisonous

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: PM 2.5, PM 10,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: PM 2.5, PM 10,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: raising air quality and reducing noise pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM 2.5, PM 10, and carbon monoxide.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Many chemicals that are undesirable or poisonous are polluting the air,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 10,

text: WRPO's oldies format has been on since the spring of 2009, garnering great support from the individuals and businesses in the Indian Lake Resort Region. With their support, the station has upgraded to an on-air digital audio processor, and as of October 2011 had upgraded the quality of the music on-air to the highest quality mp-3 sound possible. (Many commercial radio stations air music in far lower quality than the music on WRPO.)

text: WRPO's oldies format has been on since the spring of 2009, garnering great support from the individuals and businesses in the Indian Lake Resort Region. With their support, the station has upgraded to an on-air digital audio processor, and as of October 2011 had upgraded the quality of the music on-air to the highest quality mp-3 sound possible. (Many commercial radio stations air music in far lower quality than the music on WRPO.)

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: individuals and businesses in the Indian Lake Resort Region.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2009,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: individuals and businesses in the Indian Lake Resort Region.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Indian Lake Resort Region.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: mp-3

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: WRPO's oldies format has been on since the spring of 2009,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: WRPO's oldies format has been on since the spring of 2009,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Indian Lake Resort Region.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Indian Lake Resort Region.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: individuals and businesses in the Indian Lake Resort Region.

text: Also important to indoor air quality is the control of moisture accumulation (dampness) leading to mold growth and the presence of bacteria and viruses as well as dust mites and other organisms and microbiological concerns. Water intrusion through a building's envelope or water condensing on cold surfaces on the building's interior can enhance and sustain microbial growth. A well-insulated and tightly sealed envelope will reduce moisture problems but adequate ventilation is also necessary to eliminate moisture from sources indoors including human metabolic processes, cooking, bathing, cleaning, and other activities.

text: Also important to indoor air quality is the control of moisture accumulation (dampness) leading to mold growth and the presence of bacteria and viruses as well as dust mites and other organisms and microbiological concerns. Water intrusion through a building's envelope or water condensing on cold surfaces on the building's interior can enhance and sustain microbial growth. A well-insulated and tightly sealed envelope will reduce moisture problems but adequate ventilation is also necessary to eliminate moisture from sources indoors including human metabolic processes, cooking, bathing, cleaning, and other activities.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: moisture accumulation

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: moisture accumulation

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: bacteria and viruses

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: moisture

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: human metabolic processes,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: microbiological concerns.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: microbiological concerns.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: moisture accumulation (dampness)

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: dust mites

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: dust mites and other organisms and microbiological concerns.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: moisture accumulation (dampness)

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: bacteria and viruses as well as dust mites

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: moisture accumulation (dampness)

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: microbial growth.

text: A common perception is that such progress from economic growth and technology is unsustainable due to worsening environmental problems. The book argues that this is wrong. In the early stages of economic and technological development environmental impact does increase. Improving access to factors such as food, shelter, and electricity is seen as more important than the environment. As development continues and these problems are tackled, the environmental impact becomes a higher priority, and then steps are taken to reduce it. This pattern can be seen for many environmental indicators, such as air quality, availability of safe water, sanitation, and DDT and PCB residues in human tissues, which initially declined with increasing development but have more recently improved.

text: A common perception is that such progress from economic growth and technology is unsustainable due to worsening environmental problems. The book argues that this is wrong. In the early stages of economic and technological development environmental impact does increase. Improving access to factors such as food, shelter, and electricity is seen as more important than the environment. As development continues and these problems are tackled, the environmental impact becomes a higher priority, and then steps are taken to reduce it. This pattern can be seen for many environmental indicators, such as

text: air quality

text: , availability of safe water, sanitation, and

text: DDT

text: and

text: PCB residues

text: in human tissues, which initially declined with increasing development but have more recently improved.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: economic and technological development

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: environmental impact

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: DDT

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: DDT and PCB

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unsustainable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: DDT and PCB residues in human tissues,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: early stages of economic and technological development

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: environmental indicators, such as air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: DDT

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: DDT

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: worsening environmental problems.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: worsening environmental problems.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: DDT and PCB

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: economic growth and technology is unsustainable due to worsening environmental problems.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: early stages of economic and technological development environmental impact does increase.

text: Air quality laws

text: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Which of the following is not a source of air pollutants?

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: can be prevented by reducing the use of fossil fuels

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 450

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: are there any laws on air quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental concerns

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog can build up on a winter day

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air quality laws

text: Perhaps Browner's biggest triumph came in 1997, when she convinced Clinton to support a stringent tightening of the Clean Air Act's National Ambient Air Quality Standards regarding permissible levels of the ground-level ozone that makes up smog and the fine airborne particulate matter that makes up soot.   The decision came after months of public review of the proposed new standards that became the most divisive environmental debate of the decade.  There was a long and fierce internal discussion within the administration, with opposition from the president's economic advisers echoing strong objections from some industry groups who said the costs of the new standards would far outweigh any benefits and that Browner had exaggerated the degree of certainty behind the EPA's scientific reviews on the matter.  Over eighty environmental and health groups, who had grown quite frustrated with the administration's preference for minimal-cost incremental actions in the area, pressured Vice President Gore to take a stand on the matter, but he remained silent.  Browner's adamant defense in favor of the new standards was conducted almost single-handedly, in private meetings, Congressional testimony, and public debate, and had come in the face of a silence from the White House that had put at risk her standing within the administration.  Some within the administration objected to her unwillingness to modify her stance and even suggested she be fired for insubordination.  Ultimately, Gore lent behind-the-scenes support in favor of the new regulations, which was a key factor in Clinton's final decision in Browner's favor.  Overall, the New York Times termed Browner's actions "a remarkable piece of bureaucratic bravura" and Time magazine labelled Browner the "Queen of Clean Air".  As the decision was announced, one which would affect hundreds of American cities and towns, Browner said: "These new standards will provide new health protections to 125 million Americans, including 35 million children."

text: Perhaps Browner's biggest triumph came in 1997, when she convinced Clinton to support a stringent tightening of the

text: Clean Air Act

text: 's

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: regarding permissible levels of the

text: ground-level ozone

text: that makes up

text: smog

text: and the fine airborne

text: particulate matter

text: that makes up

text: soot

text: New York Times

text: termed Browner's actions "a remarkable piece of bureaucratic bravura" and

text: Time

text: magazine labelled Browner the "Queen of Clean Air".  As the decision was announced, one which would affect hundreds of American cities and towns, Browner said: "These new standards will provide new health protections to 125 million Americans, including 35 million children."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: decade.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 125 million

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Browner's

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: a silence from the White House

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Browner's

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: New York

text: At the time of the smog event, only half of the urban population of the United States lived with local protections on air quality; the smog event catalyzed the call for federal regulation on the issue. According to Spencer R. Weart of the American Institute of Physics, the American public "did not take the problem [of air pollution] seriously" until the 1966 smog. Weart also wrote that because the smog took place in New York City, it had a "disproportionate influence on the media headquartered there."

text: At the time of the smog event, only half of the urban population of the United States lived with local protections on air quality; the smog event catalyzed the call for federal regulation on the issue. According to

text: Spencer R. Weart

text: of the

text: American Institute of Physics

text: , the American public "did not take the problem [of air pollution] seriously" until the 1966 smog. Weart also wrote that because the smog took place in New York City, it had a "disproportionate influence on the media headquartered there."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1966 smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the smog event

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1966 smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1966 smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: only half of the urban population of the United States lived with local protections

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: half

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: only half of the urban population of the United States

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the smog event

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog event,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban population of the United States lived with local protections on air quality;

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: only half of the urban population of the United States

text: It was quickly discovered, however that cleaning the air was only taking care of a small percentage of the problem of indoor pollution; the larger percentile of dust and debris in a room has already "settled" onto surfaces and that any movement through that room would stir the dust and contaminates back up and into the air.  Hence, the idea of "source control" was born; by removing the contaminates at their source, the device could effectively clean the air and then keep it clean.

text: It was quickly discovered, however that cleaning the air was only taking care of a small percentage of the problem of indoor pollution; the larger percentile of dust and debris in a room has already "settled" onto surfaces and that any movement through that room would stir the dust and contaminates back up and into the air.  Hence, the idea of "source control" was born; by removing the contaminates at their source, the device could effectively clean the air and then keep it clean.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: indoor pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: indoor pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: indoor

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: dust and debris

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: indoor pollution;

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor pollution;

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: indoor pollution;

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: small percentage

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: indoor pollution;

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: indoor pollution;

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: dust

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: indoor pollution;

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "source control"

text: Passed only after several pea-souper fogs called "smog" in the capitals and industrial towns had caused health problems, the Clean Air Act 1956 (which applied south and north of the border) reimbursed expenditure spent on the adaptation of fireplaces to burn smokeless fuel. The work counted as an improvement for rent increase purposes under the Rent Act 1957. Eight per cent of the cost (net of any reimbursement) could be added to the rent.

text: Passed only after several pea-souper fogs called "smog" in the capitals and industrial towns had caused health problems, the Clean Air Act 1956 (which applied south and north of the border) reimbursed expenditure spent on the adaptation of fireplaces to burn smokeless fuel. The work counted as an improvement for rent increase purposes under the Rent Act 1957. Eight per cent of the cost (net of any reimbursement) could be added to the rent.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial towns

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial past

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: pea-souper fogs called "smog"

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: the Clean Air Act 1956

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "smog"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial towns

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Eight per cent

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act 1956

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: several pea-souper fogs called "smog"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smokeless fuel.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial towns

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: pea-souper fogs

text: The balloon itself produces the lift, and is usually made of a highly flexible latex material, though Chloroprene may also be used. The unit that performs the actual measurements and radio transmissions hangs at the lower end of the string, and is called a radiosonde. Specialized radiosondes are used for measuring particular parameters, such as determining the ozone concentration. An example of specialized measurements is found in the Tethered Balloon Measurements in Cyprus in 2003, as part of the Preliminary Evaluation of Air Quality in Cyprus,.

text: The balloon itself produces the

text: lift

text: , and is usually made of a highly flexible

text: latex

text: material, though

text: Chloroprene

text: may also be used. The unit that performs the actual measurements and

text: radio transmissions

text: hangs at the lower end of the string, and is called a

text: radiosonde

text: . Specialized radiosondes are used for measuring particular parameters, such as determining the

text: ozone

text: concentration. An example of specialized measurements is found in the Tethered Balloon Measurements in Cyprus in 2003, as part of the Preliminary Evaluation of Air Quality in Cyprus,.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: radiosonde.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2003,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone concentration.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ozone concentration.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: radiosonde.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Preliminary Evaluation of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: highly flexible latex material,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: radiosonde.

text: In 1991 Watson was appointed by Texas Governor Ann Richards to serve as Chair of the Texas Air Control Board, the state agency that was charged with protecting air quality in Texas.  During his tenure, he worked to merge the agency with the Texas Air Control Board and the Texas Water Commission to form the Texas Natural Resources Conservation Commission, and oversaw implementation of the 1991 amendments to the federal Clean Air Act.

text: In 1991 Watson was appointed by

text: Texas Governor

text: Ann Richards

text: to serve as Chair of the Texas Air Control Board, the state agency that was charged with protecting air quality in Texas.  During his tenure, he worked to merge the agency with the

text: Texas Air Control Board

text: and the

text: Texas Water Commission

text: to form the

text: Texas Natural Resources Conservation Commission

text: , and oversaw implementation of the 1991 amendments to the federal

text: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Texas Air Control Board,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1991 amendments to the federal Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: protecting air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Texas Air Control Board,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Texas Air Control Board,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1991 amendments to the federal Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Texas Air Control Board,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Texas Air Control Board,

text: Peroxyacetyl nitrate is a peroxyacyl nitrate.  It is a secondary pollutant present in photochemical smog. It is thermally unstable and decomposes into peroxyethanoyl radicals and nitrogen dioxide gas. It is a lachrymatory substance.

text: Peroxyacetyl nitrate is a

text: peroxyacyl nitrate

text: .  It is a secondary

text: pollutant

text: present in

text: photochemical smog

text: . It is thermally unstable and decomposes into peroxyethanoyl radicals and

text: nitrogen dioxide

text: gas. It is a

text: lachrymatory

text: substance.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Peroxyacetyl

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Peroxyacetyl nitrate

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Peroxyacetyl nitrate

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Peroxyacetyl nitrate

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Peroxyacetyl nitrate

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Peroxyacetyl nitrate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Peroxyacetyl nitrate

text: The composition of particulate matter that generally causes visual effects such as smog consists of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, mineral dust, organic matter, and elemental carbon also known as black carbon or soot. The particles are hygroscopic due to the presence of sulfur, and SO is converted to sulfate when high humidity and low temperatures are present. This causes the reduced visibility and yellow color.

text: The composition of particulate matter that generally causes visual effects such as smog consists of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, mineral dust, organic matter, and elemental carbon also known as black carbon or

text: soot

text: . The particles are hygroscopic due to the presence of sulfur, and SO is converted to sulfate when high humidity and low temperatures are present. This causes the reduced visibility and yellow color.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: high humidity and low temperatures

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high humidity and low temperatures

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog consists of sulfur dioxide,

text: Additionally, there were pollution from industrial sources. Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Henan and many eastern provinces are heavy coal-burning regions. Research shows that prevailing winds blew low-hanging air masses of factory emissions (mostly SO) towards the east coast of China. Regional transportation also had a significant impact on air quality.

text: Additionally, there were pollution from industrial sources.

text: Jiangsu

text: , Anhui,

text: Shandong

text: , Henan and many eastern provinces are heavy coal-burning regions. Research shows that prevailing winds blew low-hanging air masses of factory emissions (mostly

text: SO

text: ) towards the east coast of China. Regional transportation also had a significant impact on air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: China

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: from industrial sources

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial sources

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: SO

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial sources

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industrial sources.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: China.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: industrial sources.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial sources.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: factory emissions (mostly SO) towards the east coast of China.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: pollution from industrial sources.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollution from industrial sources.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: SO)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: heavy coal-burning regions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: prevailing winds

text: To accomplish more serious metropolitan planning, ISTEA doubled federal funding for MPO operations and required the agencies to evaluate a variety of multimodal solutions to roadway congestion and other transportation problems. MPOs also were required to broaden public participation in the planning process and to see that investment decisions contributed to meeting the air quality standards of the Clean Air Act Amendments.

text: To accomplish more serious metropolitan planning, ISTEA doubled federal funding for MPO operations and required the agencies to evaluate a variety of

text: multimodal

text: solutions to roadway congestion and other transportation problems. MPOs also were required to broaden public participation in the planning process and to see that investment decisions contributed to meeting the air quality standards of the

text: Clean Air Act Amendments

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: roadway congestion and other transportation problems.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: roadway congestion and other transportation problems.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: roadway congestion and other transportation problems.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act Amendments.

text: Passed only after several particularly severe smoke-polluted fogs (called “smog”) in London and the industrial towns had caused health problems, the Clean Air Act 1956 (which applied north and south of the border) reimbursed expenditure spent on the adaptation of fireplaces to burn smokeless fuel. The work counted as an improvement for rent increase purposes under the Rent Act 1957. Eight percent of the cost (net of any reimbursement) could be added to the rent.

text: Passed only after several particularly severe smoke-polluted fogs (called “smog”) in London and the industrial towns had caused health problems, the

text: Clean Air Act 1956

text: (which applied north and south of the border) reimbursed expenditure spent on the adaptation of fireplaces to burn smokeless fuel. The work counted as an improvement for rent increase purposes under the Rent Act 1957. Eight percent of the cost (net of any reimbursement) could be added to the rent.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial towns

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smoke

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial towns

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial towns

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smoke-polluted fogs (called “smog”)

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial towns had caused health problems, the Clean Air Act 1956

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smoke-polluted

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: smoke-polluted fogs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Eight percent

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act 1956

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: “smog”)

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smoke-polluted fogs (called “smog”)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial towns

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smoke-polluted fogs

text: Many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted over airports and affect the air quality in the region. VOCs include benzene, formaldehyde and butadienes which are known to cause health problems such as birth defects, cancer and skin irritation. Hundreds of tons of emissions from aircraft, ground support equipment, heating systems, and shuttles and passenger vehicles are released into the air, causing smog. Therefore, major cities such as Seattle, Denver, and San Francisco require a Climate Action Plan as well as a greenhouse gas inventory. Additionally, federal programs such as VALE are working to offset costs for programs that reduce emissions.

text: Many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted over airports and affect the air quality in the region. VOCs include

text: benzene

text: formaldehyde

text: and

text: butadienes

text: which are known to cause health problems such as birth defects,

text: cancer

text: and skin irritation. Hundreds of tons of emissions from aircraft, ground support equipment, heating systems, and shuttles and passenger vehicles are released into the air, causing

text: smog

text: . Therefore, major cities such as

text: Seattle

text: Denver

text: , and

text: San Francisco

text: require a

text: Climate Action Plan

text: as well as a

text: greenhouse

text: gas inventory. Additionally, federal programs such as VALE are working to offset costs for programs that reduce emissions.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: major cities

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Climate Action Plan

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted over airports

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Hundreds of tons

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: San Francisco

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: benzene, formaldehyde and butadienes

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: major cities such as Seattle, Denver, and San Francisco

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Hundreds of tons of emissions from aircraft, ground support equipment, heating systems,

text: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 required Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) of air quality for areas attaining the NAAQS and added requirements for non-attainment areas.

text: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 required Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) of air quality for areas attaining the NAAQS and added requirements for non-attainment areas.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: significant deterioration

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 required Prevention of Significant Deterioration

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Significant Deterioration

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Prevention of Significant Deterioration

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act Amendments

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NAAQS

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Prevention of Significant Deterioration

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 required Prevention of Significant Deterioration

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 required Prevention of Significant Deterioration

text: Beijing launched four-color alert system in 2013. It is based on the air quality index (AQI), which indicates how clean or polluted the air is.

text: Beijing launched four-color alert system in 2013. It is based on the

text: air quality index

text: (AQI), which indicates how clean or polluted the air is.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: AQI indicates how clean

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality index (AQI),

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2013.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: how clean or polluted

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Beijing launched four-color alert system in 2013.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: four-color alert system

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Beijing launched four-color alert system

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: polluted the air is.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air quality index (AQI),

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality index (AQI),

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality index (AQI),

text: Clearfield City features large variations in temperatures between seasons. The hottest month is July, and the coldest is January. The average temperature over the year is 53 °F. The record high temperature is 108 °F (42 °C), which occurred in July 2002, while the record low is −26 °F (−32 °C), which occurred in January 1937.During mid-winter, strong areas of high pressure often situate themselves over the Great Basin, leading to strong temperature inversions. This causes air stagnation and thick smog in the valley from several days to weeks at a time and can result in the worst air-pollution levels in the U.S., reducing air quality to unhealthy levels. Aside from occasional heavy snows in winter, severe weather is very rare.

text: Clearfield City features large variations in temperatures between seasons. The hottest month is July, and the coldest is January. The average temperature over the year is 53 °F. The record high temperature is 108 °F (42 °C), which occurred in July 2002, while the record low is −26 °F (−32 °C), which occurred in January 1937.During mid-winter, strong areas of high pressure often situate themselves over the

text: Great Basin

text: , leading to strong temperature inversions. This causes

text: air stagnation

text: and thick smog in the valley from several days to weeks at a time and can result in the worst air-pollution levels in the U.S., reducing air quality to unhealthy levels. Aside from occasional heavy snows in winter, severe weather is very rare.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: mid-winter

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what can result in the worst air-pollution levels in the US

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: strong temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: reducing air quality to unhealthy levels

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: strong temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: worst air-pollution levels in the U.S.,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: worst air-pollution levels in the U.S.,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: strong temperature inversions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: worst air-pollution levels

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: worst air-pollution levels

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: worst air-pollution levels

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: temperature inversions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air stagnation and thick smog

text: Smog (Dir. Clara Kraft Isono)

text: Smog (Dir. Clara Kraft Isono)

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clara Kraft Isono

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 450

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clara Kraft Isono

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog (Dir. Clara Kraft Isono)

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog (Dir. Clara Kraft Isono)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog

text: Area source models were developed in 1971 through 1974 by the ERT and ESL groups, but addressed a smaller fraction of total air pollution emissions, so that their use and need was not as widespread as the line source model, which enjoyed hundreds of different applications as early as the 1970s. Similarly photochemical models were developed primarily in the 1960s and 70s, but their use was more specialized and for regional needs, such as understanding smog formation in Los Angeles, California.

text: Area source models were developed in 1971 through 1974 by the ERT and ESL groups, but addressed a smaller fraction of total air pollution emissions, so that their use and need was not as widespread as the line source model, which enjoyed hundreds of different applications as early as the 1970s. Similarly photochemical models were developed primarily in the 1960s and 70s, but their use was more specialized and for regional needs, such as understanding smog formation in

text: Los Angeles

text: , California.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: photochemical models

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution emissions,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Los Angeles,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air pollution emissions,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution emissions,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Area source models were developed in 1971 through 1974

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: photochemical models

text: On 1 August, Bukit Rambai remained the worst-affected. API readings there dropped gradually during the morning, reaching 68 at 11am, the lowest recorded there for many days already. However, it then increased quickly for the rest of the day, breaching the 80 mark at 3pm. At 4pm, API was 90. As of 10pm, the API was 92. The highest API for the day in Bukit Rambai was 93, recorded at 9pm. That was also the highest reading of the day in Malaysia. Port Dickson's air quality remained between 52 and 70 for most of the day. However, it suddenly increased to 78 at 3pm and 83 at 4pm, before dropping an hour later. In Kuala Lumpur, air quality was mainly in the 50s. But in the Cheras area of KL, API readings soared to 71 at 2pm, then to 86 at 3pm, 77 at 4pm, before returning to the 50s. In Seremban, air quality hovered around 60 for most of the day, although at 3pm, a reading of 80 was recorded.

text: On 1 August, Bukit Rambai remained the worst-affected. API readings there dropped gradually during the morning, reaching 68 at 11am, the lowest recorded there for many days already. However, it then increased quickly for the rest of the day, breaching the 80 mark at 3pm. At 4pm, API was 90. As of 10pm, the API was 92. The highest API for the day in Bukit Rambai was 93, recorded at 9pm. That was also the highest reading of the day in Malaysia.

text: Port Dickson

text: 's air quality remained between 52 and 70 for most of the day. However, it suddenly increased to 78 at 3pm and 83 at 4pm, before dropping an hour later. In Kuala Lumpur, air quality was mainly in the 50s. But in the Cheras area of KL, API readings soared to 71 at 2pm, then to 86 at 3pm, 77 at 4pm, before returning to the 50s. In

text: Seremban

text: , air quality hovered around 60 for most of the day, although at 3pm, a reading of 80 was recorded.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1 August

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: API

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Bukit Rambai

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1 August,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Bukit Rambai

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Bukit Rambai

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 50s.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Bukit Rambai

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Bukit Rambai

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 52 and 70

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Bukit Rambai

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Bukit Rambai

text: The annual crop burning practice in northwest India, north India and eastern Pakistan, after monsoons, from October to December, are a major seasonal source of air pollution. Approximately 500 million tons of crop residue is burnt in open, releasing smoke, soot, NOx, SOx, PAHs and particulate matter into the air. This burning has been found to be a leading cause of smog and haze problems through the winter over Punjab, cities such as Delhi, and major population centers along the rivers through West Bengal. In other states of India, rice straw and other crop residue burning in open is a major source of air pollution.

text: The annual crop burning practice in northwest

text: India

text: , north India and eastern

text: Pakistan

text: , after monsoons, from October to December, are a major seasonal source of air pollution. Approximately 500 million tons of crop residue is burnt in open, releasing smoke, soot, NOx, SOx, PAHs and particulate matter into the air. This burning has been found to be a leading cause of smog and haze problems through the winter over Punjab, cities such as Delhi, and major population centers along the rivers through West Bengal. In other states of India, rice straw and other crop residue burning in open is a major source of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: season

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog and haze

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: crop burning

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: crop burning practice

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smoke, soot, NOx, SOx, PAHs

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: monsoons,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: crop burning practice

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: crop burning

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 500 million tons

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Punjab,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog and haze problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NOx, SOx, PAHs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: monsoons,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: crop burning

text: As Watsco’s distribution business took off, its manufacturing business became a smaller portion of its total business.  By 1993, about three quarters of the company’s revenues came from distribution.  Manufacturing was profitable and Watsco began manufacturing electronic temperature controls, which it sold to OEMs. Watsco also began making a new product in 1992, which it called the Flash.  The Flash was a machine that captured and filtered chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), the coolant commonly used in air conditioners and refrigeration equipment.  The Flash was manufactured by a Watsco subsidiary in Hialeah, and it was important because the Clean Air Act enacted in July 1992 prohibited the release of CFCs into the air. The Flash made it possible for air conditioning contractors to recover and recycle CFCs in compliance with the law. With this new product, Watsco hoped that its manufacturing business would equal the distribution side by the end of the decade.

text: As Watsco’s distribution business took off, its manufacturing business became a smaller portion of its total business.  By 1993, about three quarters of the company’s revenues came from distribution.  Manufacturing was profitable and Watsco began manufacturing electronic temperature controls, which it sold to OEMs. Watsco also began making a new product in 1992, which it called the Flash.  The Flash was a machine that captured and filtered

text: chlorofluorocarbon

text: s (CFCs), the coolant commonly used in air conditioners and refrigeration equipment.  The Flash was manufactured by a Watsco subsidiary in Hialeah, and it was important because the

text: Clean Air Act

text: enacted in July 1992 prohibited the release of CFCs into the air. The Flash made it possible for air conditioning contractors to recover and recycle CFCs in compliance with the law. With this new product, Watsco hoped that its manufacturing business would equal the distribution side by the end of the decade.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What was the Flash used for?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: CFCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: chlorofluorocarbons

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1993,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: chlorofluorocarbons

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: three

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Flash.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1992

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: chlorofluorocarbons

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: manufacturing business became a smaller portion of its total business.

text: The Air Pollution Index (API) is a simple and generalized way to describe the air quality, which is used in Malaysia. It is calculated from several sets of air pollution data. It was formerly used in mainland China and Hong Kong. In mainland China the API was replaced by an updated Air Quality Index in early 2012 and on 30 December 2013 Hong Kong moved to a health based index.

text: The Air Pollution Index (API) is a simple and generalized way to describe the air quality, which is used in

text: Malaysia

text: . It is calculated from several sets of air pollution data. It was formerly used in

text: mainland China

text: and

text: Hong Kong

text: . In mainland China the API was replaced by an updated

text: Air Quality Index

text: in early 2012 and on 30 December 2013 Hong Kong moved to a health based index.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what does the air pollute?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Air Pollution Index

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2012

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Air Pollution Index

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The Air Pollution Index

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Air Pollution Index

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Air Pollution Index

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Air Pollution Index

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Air Pollution Index

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Air Pollution Index

text: Congress passed the first legislation to address air pollution with the 1955 Air Pollution Control Act that provided funds to the U.S. Public Health service, but did not formulate pollution regulation. However, the Clean Air Act in 1963, created a research and regulatory program in the U.S. Public Health Service. The Act authorized development of emission standards for stationary sources, but not mobile sources of air pollution. The 1967 Air Quality Act mandated enforcement of interstate air pollution standards and authorized ambient monitoring studies and stationary source inspections.

text: Congress

text: passed the first legislation to address air pollution with the 1955 Air Pollution Control Act that provided funds to the U.S. Public Health service, but did not formulate pollution regulation. However, the Clean Air Act in 1963, created a research and regulatory program in the U.S.

text: Public Health Service

text: . The Act authorized development of

text: emission standard

text: s for

text: stationary sources

text: , but not

text: mobile sources of air pollution

text: . The 1967 Air Quality Act mandated enforcement of interstate air pollution standards and authorized ambient monitoring studies and stationary source inspections.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what was the first legislation to address

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: stationary sources

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1955 Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: mobile sources of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: stationary sources, but not mobile sources of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: mobile sources of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act

text: Since the 1990 Clean Air Act, the public has the opportunity to give input on "how a law is carried out". Hearings are held in different cities in the United States by the EPA. Anyone who attends is allowed to participate or written comments can be sent to the EPA. These hearings are open to the public when a "major rule" is about to be discussed. The more public input is recorded, the better the outcome will be for communities around the country. Reports from the Clean Air Act are made available to the public and they include information about the amount of pollution that is emitted by industries and other sources.

text: Since the 1990 Clean Air Act, the public has the opportunity to give input on "how a law is carried out". Hearings are held in different cities in the United States by the EPA. Anyone who attends is allowed to participate or written comments can be sent to the EPA. These hearings are open to the public when a "major rule" is about to be discussed. The more public input is recorded, the better the outcome will be for communities around the country. Reports from the Clean Air Act are made available to the public and they include information about the amount of pollution that is emitted by industries and other sources.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emitted by industries and other sources

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industries and other sources.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emitted by industries and other sources.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industries and other sources.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: industries

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Since the 1990 Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industries

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industries

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act,

text: The Decipol is a unit used to measure the perceived air quality. It was introduced by Danish professor P. Ole Fanger;

text: The Decipol is a

text: unit

text: used to measure the perceived

text: air quality

text: . It was introduced by

text: Danish

text: professor

text: P. Ole Fanger

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air that is unhealthy

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Decipol

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Decipol

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Decipol is a unit used to measure the perceived air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Decipol is a unit used to measure the perceived air quality.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The Decipol

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Decipol

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Decipol is a unit used to measure the perceived air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Decipol is a unit used to measure the perceived air quality.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Decipol is a unit used to measure the perceived air quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Decipol

text: The Alberta government computes an Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) from sensors in five communities in the oil sands region, operated by a "partner" called the Wood Buffalo Environmental Association (WBEA).  Each of their 17 continuously monitoring stations measure 3 to 10 air quality parameters among carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulphide (), total reduced sulfur (TRS), Ammonia (), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (), nitrogen oxides (NO), ozone (), particulate matter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (), total hydrocarbons (THC), and methane/non-methane hydrocarbons (/NMHC). These AQHI are said to indicate 'low risk"'air quality more than 95% of the time.  Prior to 2012, air monitoring showed significant increases in exceedances of hydrogen sulfide () both in the Fort McMurray area and near the oil sands upgraders. In 2007, the Alberta government issued an environmental protection order to Suncor in response to numerous occasions when ground level concentration for ) exceeded standards. The Alberta Ambient Air Data Management System (AAADMS) of the Clean Air Strategic Alliance (aka CASA Data Warehouse) records that, during the year ending on 1 November 2015, there were 6 hourly reports of values exceeding the limit of 10 ppb for , and 4 in 2013, down from 11 in 2014, and 73 in 2012.

text: The Alberta government computes an

text: Air Quality Health Index

text: (AQHI) from sensors in five communities in the oil sands region, operated by a "partner" called the

text: Wood Buffalo

text: Environmental Association (WBEA).  Each of their 17 continuously monitoring stations measure 3 to 10 air quality parameters among

text: carbon monoxide

text: (CO),

text: hydrogen sulphide

text: (), total reduced

text: sulfur

text: (TRS),

text: Ammonia

text: nitric oxide

text: (NO),

text: nitrogen dioxide

text: nitrogen oxide

text: s (NO),

text: ozone

text: particulate matter

text: sulfur dioxide

text: (), total

text: hydrocarbons

text: (THC), and

text: methane

text: /non-methane hydrocarbons (/NMHC). These AQHI are said to indicate 'low risk"'air quality more than 95% of the time.  Prior to 2012, air monitoring showed significant increases in exceedances of hydrogen sulfide () both in the Fort McMurray area and near the oil sands upgraders. In 2007, the Alberta government issued an environmental protection order to Suncor in response to numerous occasions when ground level concentration for ) exceeded standards. The Alberta Ambient Air Data Management System (AAADMS) of the Clean Air Strategic Alliance (aka CASA Data Warehouse) records that, during the year ending on 1 November 2015, there were 6 hourly reports of values exceeding the limit of 10

text: ppb

text: for , and 4 in 2013, down from 11 in 2014, and 73 in 2012.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2012

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: oil sands

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides (NO)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulphide

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Prior to 2012,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: oil sands

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: oil sands

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 4

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 73 in 2012.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: numerous occasions when ground level concentration for ) exceeded standards.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen dioxide (), nitrogen oxides (NO),

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: oil sands

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 73 in 2012.

text: The Sentra finally crossed over into the "compact" class when the redesigned model launched in February 2000 as a 2000 model. When new, this redesign was considered a substantial upgrade, compared to the "cheap" economy car it replaced. Previously, the compact class had been occupied by the Altima, which moved to the mid-size class in 2001, and its wheelbase remained unchanged from the previous generation. Also to be noted is that while earlier Sentras were very similar to their Japan-market B-series Nissan Sunny twins, the B15 Sentra diverged greatly from the B15 Sunny (Nissan Super Sunny). Production shifted from Smyrna, Tennessee to Aguascalientes, Mexico, and the Smyrna production line was retooled to build the Nissan Xterra. The 2000–2001 Sentra SE with the SR20DE Roller rocker motor, which has  and  of torque, occupied the top of the line Sentra until the SE-R returned for model year 2002. The 1.6 L GA16DE engine was dropped in favor of the 1.8 L QG18DE(1809 or 1769cc), rated at  and . In Brazil, this engine generated  at 5,600 rpm and  at 4,400 rpm. Numerous upgrades were made over the previous generation. The new model featured a new interior with higher quality plastics and more comfortable seats. The exterior was also substantially updated and now featured body-side moldings and clear headlights. The curb weight on the QG18DE-engined Sentra is . With the introduction of the B15 in year 2000, Nissan also introduced a CA 'Clean Air' trim only available in California. The CA trim boasts a double walled exhaust, 3 catalytic converters, quick catalyst warm up, and a radiator that has a special coating which actually changes ground level ozone (smog) into oxygen. The Sentra CA model is the only gasoline-fueled vehicle in the world to receive California Air Resources Board (CARB) super ultra low emission vehicle (SULEV) certification and obtain zero-emission credits.

text: The Sentra finally crossed over into the "compact" class when the redesigned model launched in February 2000 as a 2000 model. When new, this redesign was considered a substantial upgrade, compared to the "cheap" economy car it replaced. Previously, the compact class had been occupied by the

text: Altima

text: , which moved to the

text: mid-size

text: class in 2001, and its wheelbase remained unchanged from the previous generation. Also to be noted is that while earlier Sentras were very similar to their Japan-market B-series

text: Nissan Sunny

text: twins, the B15 Sentra diverged greatly from the B15 Sunny (Nissan Super Sunny). Production shifted from

text: Smyrna, Tennessee

text: to

text: Aguascalientes

text: , Mexico, and the Smyrna production line was retooled to build the

text: Nissan Xterra

text: . The 2000–2001 Sentra SE with the SR20DE

text: Roller rocker

text: motor, which has  and  of torque, occupied the top of the line Sentra until the SE-R returned for model year 2002. The 1.6 L GA16DE engine was dropped in favor of the 1.8 L QG18DE(1809 or 1769cc), rated at  and . In Brazil, this engine generated  at 5,600 rpm and  at 4,400 rpm. Numerous upgrades were made over the previous generation. The new model featured a new interior with higher quality plastics and more comfortable seats. The exterior was also substantially updated and now featured

text: body-side molding

text: s and clear

text: headlight

text: s. The curb weight on the QG18DE-engined Sentra is . With the introduction of the B15 in year 2000, Nissan also introduced a CA 'Clean Air' trim only available in California. The CA trim boasts a double walled exhaust, 3 catalytic converters, quick catalyst warm up, and a radiator that has a special coating which actually changes ground level ozone (smog) into oxygen. The Sentra CA model is the only gasoline-fueled vehicle in the world to receive California Air Resources Board (CARB) super ultra low emission vehicle (SULEV) certification and obtain zero-emission credits.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2000s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ground level ozone

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ground level ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: (smog)

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: B15 in year 2000,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: (smog)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ground level ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: and.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1.8 L QG18DE(1809

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1.8 L QG18DE(1809

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: CA 'Clean Air' trim only available in California.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1.8 L QG18DE(1809

text: Some areas endured record levels of air pollution, along with hazardous concentrations of particulate matter. These smoky and hazy conditions prompted health officials to issue air quality advisories and warnings, as particulate matter reached unhealthy levels in the North Bay on June 25. In the San Francisco Bay Area, the Bay Area Air Quality Management District urged the elderly and people with respiratory problems to stay indoors. In spite of the warnings, health officials noted a jump in the number of people with eye and throat irritation. The bad air quality also forced the cancellation of the  Western States Endurance Run, the first in the race's 31-year history. Air quality began to improve on June 28, followed by decreased smoke and improved visibility a day later. By June 30, residents in the Sacramento Valley saw blue skies and good air quality, as a result of onshore winds and the Delta breezes.

text: Some areas endured record levels of

text: air pollution

text: , along with hazardous concentrations of

text: particulate matter

text: . These smoky and hazy conditions prompted health officials to issue air quality advisories and warnings, as particulate matter reached unhealthy levels in the

text: North Bay

text: on June 25. In the

text: San Francisco Bay Area

text: , the

text: Bay Area Air Quality Management District

text: urged the elderly and people with respiratory problems to stay indoors. In spite of the warnings, health officials noted a jump in the number of people with eye and throat irritation. The bad air quality also forced the cancellation of the

text: Western States Endurance Run

text: , the first in the race's 31-year history. Air quality began to improve on June 28, followed by decreased smoke and improved visibility a day later. By June 30, residents in the

text: Sacramento Valley

text: saw blue skies and good air quality, as a result of onshore winds and the

text: Delta

text: breezes.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: record levels

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: onshore winds

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: record levels

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: record levels of air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smoky and hazy

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: onshore winds and the Delta breezes.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: record levels of air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: record levels of air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate matter.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: record levels of air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: onshore winds and the Delta breezes.

text: Houston has excessive ozone levels and is routinely ranked among the most ozone-polluted cities in the United States. Ground-level ozone, or smog, is Houston's predominant air pollution problem, with the American Lung Association rating the metropolitan area's ozone level sixth on the "Top 10 Most Ozone-Polluted Cities" in 2014. The industries located along the ship channel are a major cause of the city's air pollution. In 2006, Houston's air quality was comparable to that of Los Angeles.

text: Houston has excessive

text: ozone

text: levels and is routinely ranked among the most ozone-polluted cities in the United States. Ground-level ozone, or

text: smog

text: , is Houston's predominant air pollution problem, with the

text: American Lung Association

text: rating the metropolitan area's ozone level sixth on the "Top 10 Most Ozone-Polluted Cities" in 2014. The industries located along the ship channel are a major cause of the city's air pollution. In 2006, Houston's air quality was comparable to that of Los Angeles.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industries

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The industries located along the ship channel

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2006,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Ground-level ozone, or smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The industries located along the ship channel

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: sixth on the "Top 10

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Houston has excessive ozone levels

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Ground-level ozone,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Ground-level ozone,

text: While use of these sensors was expensive in the past, the 2010s saw a recent trend towards the development of cheaper portable air-quality sensors that can be worn by individuals to monitor local air quality levels. These sensors, can then, in turn, help measure the spatiotemporal coverage and variety of chemical species, and empower individuals and communities to better understand their exposure environments and risks from air pollution.

text: While use of these sensors was expensive in the past, the 2010s saw a recent trend towards the development of cheaper portable air-quality sensors that can be worn by individuals to monitor local air quality levels. These sensors, can then, in turn, help measure the spatiotemporal coverage and variety of chemical species, and empower individuals and communities to better understand their exposure environments and risks from air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2010s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: risks from

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: chemical species,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2010s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: risks

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: variety of chemical species,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air-quality sensors

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: chemical species,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air-quality sensors

text: Great Smoky Mountains National Park is considered the most polluted national park according to a 2004 report by the National Parks Conservation Association. From 1999 to 2003, the park recorded approximately 150 unhealthy air days, the equivalent of about one month of unhealthy air days per year. In 2013, Colorado State University reported that, due to the passing of the United States Clean Air Act in 1970 and the subsequent implementation of the Acid Rain Program there was a "significant improvement" to the air quality in the Great Smoky Mountains from 1990 to 2010.

text: Great Smoky Mountains National Park is considered the most

text: polluted

text: national park according to a 2004 report by the

text: National Parks Conservation Association

text: . From 1999 to 2003, the park recorded approximately 150 unhealthy air days, the equivalent of about one month of unhealthy air days per year. In 2013,

text: Colorado State University

text: reported that, due to the passing of the

text: United States Clean Air Act

text: in 1970 and the subsequent implementation of the

text: Acid Rain Program

text: there was a "significant improvement" to the air quality in the Great Smoky Mountains from 1990 to 2010.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unhealthy air days

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: acid rain

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Acid Rain Program

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1999 to 2003,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: 150 unhealthy air days,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Acid Rain

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1990 to 2010.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Great Smoky Mountains National Park

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Acid Rain Program

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Acid Rain Program

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Acid Rain

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: one month of unhealthy air days per year.

text: Poor water management and heavy use of agricultural chemicals also have polluted the air. Salt and dust storms and the spraying of pesticides and defoliants for the cotton crop have led to severe degradation of air quality in rural areas.

text: Poor water management and heavy use of agricultural chemicals also have polluted the air. Salt and dust storms and the spraying of pesticides and defoliants for the cotton crop have led to severe degradation of air quality in rural areas.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: heavy use of agricultural chemicals

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: agricultural chemicals

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: defoliants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: heavy agricultural use

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: agricultural chemicals

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Poor water management and heavy use of agricultural chemicals

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Poor water management and heavy use of agricultural chemicals

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: heavy use of agricultural chemicals

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: chemicals

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Poor water management and heavy use of agricultural chemicals

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: polluted the air.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: agricultural chemicals

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Poor water management and heavy use of agricultural chemicals

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Poor water management and heavy use of agricultural chemicals

text: In June 2006, The Boston Herald reported that Boston-area car dealership owner Ernie Boch, Jr. would be bringing the show back to WLVI - at its original timeslot - on an occasional basis. The first program of the new series aired on June 24, 2006. The two films shown on this occasion were Godzilla vs. the Smog Monster and The Giant Gila Monster. Boch himself hosted the show in full makeup as The Ghoul, though the original show never had a host - only announcers (other than for a brief time when Rich Koz, the Son of Svengoolie out of Chicago, hosted the CDF in the early '80s). A second episode aired on October 28, 2006, featuring 1973's Horror Express followed by the original 1968 Night of the Living Dead. It was brought back again on October 27, 2007 with the American International Pictures' (A.I.P.) movies Gamera: The Invincible (aka Gamera) and Attack of the Monsters. The broadcast contained no pop-up ads during the films and no interruptions from any on-air talent personnel during commercial breaks. The Boston Globes Sunday Edition of their TV Guide printed the schedule of the two (2) Gamera movie titles reversed in their time slots.

text: In June 2006,

text: The Boston Herald

text: reported that Boston-area car dealership owner Ernie Boch, Jr. would be bringing the show back to WLVI - at its original timeslot - on an occasional basis. The first program of the new series aired on June 24, 2006. The two films shown on this occasion were

text: Godzilla vs. the Smog Monster

text: and

text: The Giant Gila Monster

text: . Boch himself hosted the show in full makeup as The Ghoul, though the original show never had a host - only announcers (other than for a brief time when Rich Koz, the Son of

text: Svengoolie

text: out of Chicago, hosted the CDF in the early '80s). A second episode aired on October 28, 2006, featuring 1973's

text: Horror Express

text: followed by the original 1968

text: Night of the Living Dead

text: . It was brought back again on October 27, 2007 with the American International Pictures' (A.I.P.) movies Gamera: The Invincible (aka

text: Gamera

text: ) and

text: Attack of the Monsters

text: . The broadcast contained no pop-up ads during the films and no interruptions from any on-air talent personnel during commercial breaks. The Boston Globes Sunday Edition of their TV Guide printed the schedule of the two (2) Gamera movie titles reversed in their time slots.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: early '80s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The broadcast contained no pop-up ads during the films

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Godzilla vs. the Smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: early '80s).

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog Monster

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Godzilla

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: two (2)

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Godzilla vs. the Smog Monster

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Godzilla vs. the Smog Monster

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Godzilla vs. the Smog Monster

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Godzilla vs. the Smog Monster

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Godzilla vs. the Smog Monster

text: The Environmental Quality Act of 1974 and other environmental laws are administered by the Division of Environment. Clean-air legislation was adopted in 1978, limiting industrial and automobile emissions. However, air pollution remains a problem in Malaysian cities.

text: The

text: Environmental Quality Act

text: of 1974 and other environmental laws are administered by the Division of Environment. Clean-air legislation was adopted in 1978, limiting industrial and automobile emissions. However, air pollution remains a problem in Malaysian cities.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1974

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: industrial and automobile emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automobile emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industrial and automobile

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industrial and automobile emissions.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Environmental Quality Act of 1974

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a problem in Malaysian cities.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial and automobile emissions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: limiting industrial and automobile emissions.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Environmental Quality Act of 1974

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: limiting industrial and automobile emissions.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industrial and automobile emissions.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial and automobile emissions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air pollution remains a problem in Malaysian cities.

text: According to the California Air Resources Board, the California Smog Check program removes about 400 tons of smog-forming pollutants from California’s air every day.

text: According to the California Air Resources Board, the California Smog Check program removes about 400 tons of smog-forming pollutants from California’s air every day.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog-forming pollutants from California’s air every day.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog-forming pollutants from California’s air every day.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog-forming

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 400 tons

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California Air Resources Board,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog-forming pollutants

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog-forming pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog-forming pollutants

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 400 tons of smog-forming pollutants

text: The vegetation is in the Amazon rainforest biome and includes terra firme forest, secondary forest and igapó flooded forest, as well as aquatic vegetation.The flora of the APA is very rich, and contributes environmental services to the city such as regulating the microclimate, ensuring soil stability, conserving good quality water, cleaning the air and storing carbon.Trees include the Carapa (andiroba), which gives seeds with medicinal properties, the huge Ceiba pentandra (samaúma)] and the Brazil nut.

text: The vegetation is in the

text: Amazon rainforest

text: biome and includes terra firme forest, secondary forest and

text: igapó

text: flooded forest, as well as aquatic vegetation.The flora of the APA is very rich, and contributes environmental services to the city such as regulating the microclimate, ensuring soil stability, conserving good quality water, cleaning the air and storing carbon.Trees include the

text: Carapa

text: (andiroba), which gives seeds with medicinal properties, the huge

text: Ceiba pentandra

text: (samaúma)] and the

text: Brazil nut

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: APA

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: cleaning the air and storing carbon.Trees

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: regulating the microclimate,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: cleaning the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: regulating the microclimate,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: carbon.Trees

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: cleaning the air and storing carbon.Trees

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: regulating the microclimate,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: cleaning the air and storing carbon.Trees

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: regulating the microclimate,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: regulating the microclimate,

text: In February 2013 the Ministry of the Environment released an exhaustive study on the air quality Impacts of Unimin Ltd. on Kasshabog Lake.  The report concludes that:"Unimin is the source of contaminants that are being released to the atmosphere in an amount and manner that is causing the following adverse effects, contrary to the general provisions of the Environmental Protection Act, RSO 1990 (EPA), Section 14:a)impairment of the quality of the natural environment for any use that can be made of it,b) damage to property,c)harm or material discomfort to any person,d)loss of enjoyment of normal use of property.The Facility operations are the source of contaminants whose observed deposition results in violations of the limits contained in schedule 2 of Ontario Regulation 419?05 (Local Air Quality) for Dustfall.Unimin is the source of contaminants that are being released to the atmosphere in an amount and manner that is in violation of Part III, section 45 of Ontario REgulation 419/05 (Local Air Quality).".

text: In February 2013 the Ministry of the Environment released an exhaustive study on the air quality Impacts of Unimin Ltd. on Kasshabog Lake.  The report concludes that:"Unimin is the source of contaminants that are being released to the atmosphere in an amount and manner that is causing the following adverse effects, contrary to the general provisions of the Environmental Protection Act, RSO 1990 (EPA), Section 14:a)impairment of the quality of the natural environment for any use that can be made of it,b) damage to property,c)harm or material discomfort to any person,d)loss of enjoyment of normal use of property.The Facility operations are the source of contaminants whose observed deposition results in violations of the limits contained in schedule 2 of Ontario Regulation 419?05 (Local Air Quality) for Dustfall.

text: Unimin

text: is the source of contaminants that are being released to the atmosphere in an amount and manner that is in violation of Part III, section 45 of Ontario REgulation 419/05 (Local Air Quality).".

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the cause of the adverse effects?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unimin

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: dust

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 14:a)impairment of the quality of the natural environment

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: contaminants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Unimin

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 419?05

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air quality Impacts of Unimin Ltd. on Kasshabog Lake.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Environmental Protection Act,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Dustfall.Unimin

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Dustfall.Unimin

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 45 of Ontario REgulation 419/05

text: CPU's main campus buildings are predominantly painted with eco-friendly lighter shade green color for environmental consciousness and green campus initiative plans for sustainability. The university has laid in place an Air Quality Monitoring System unit, which monitors air quality and the only unit that serves the City of Iloilo. The unit is operated jointly by the university with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. The other sustainability programs of the university on the campus include a waste water treatment facility for the waste water that is emitted then will be processed to a safer level before it will be dump back to the environment by the main campus buildings. Back in 2005, the university also launched the CPU New Millennium Tree (CPU NMT) for Sustainable Development. The said program is designed to heighten environmental consciousness on the university, where it seeks to plant thousands of mahogany trees.

text: CPU's main campus buildings are predominantly painted with

text: eco-friendly

text: lighter shade green color for environmental consciousness and green campus initiative plans for sustainability. The university has laid in place an Air Quality Monitoring System unit, which monitors air quality and the only unit that serves the

text: City of Iloilo

text: . The unit is operated jointly by the university with the

entity_name: Department of Environment and Natural Resources (Philippines)

text: Department of Environment and Natural Resources

text: . The other sustainability programs of the university on the campus include a waste water treatment facility for the waste water that is emitted then will be processed to a safer level before it will be dump back to the environment by the main campus buildings. Back in 2005, the university also launched the CPU New Millennium Tree (CPU NMT) for Sustainable Development. The said program is designed to heighten environmental consciousness on the university, where it seeks to plant thousands of mahogany trees.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air Quality Monitoring System

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: CPU New Millennium Tree

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Quality Monitoring System unit, which monitors air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Iloilo.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: thousands

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: CPU New Millennium Tree

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air Quality Monitoring System unit, which monitors air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Monitoring System

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Quality Monitoring System unit, which monitors air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: CPU New Millennium Tree

text: The public knew that New York City had an air pollution problem prior to the smog episode; although the photochemical smog of Los Angeles was more visible and famous, New York City had more emissions proportional to its area. A scientist with the Weather Bureau predicted in 1963 that the Northeastern and Great Lakes regions could anticipate a major smog event every three years due to the confluence of weather events and trends like growing population, industrialization, and increased emissions from cars and central heating. A report from the New York City mayor's office in spring 1966 warned that the city "could become a gas chamber" in the wrong weather conditions.

text: The public knew that New York City had an air pollution problem prior to the smog episode; although the photochemical smog of

text: Los Angeles

text: was more visible and famous, New York City had more emissions proportional to its area. A scientist with the

text: Weather Bureau

text: predicted in 1963 that the

text: Northeastern

text: and

text: Great Lakes

text: regions could anticipate a major smog event every three years due to the confluence of weather events and trends like growing population,

text: industrialization

text: , and increased emissions from cars and

text: central heating

text: . A report from the

text: New York City mayor's office

text: in spring 1966 warned that the city "could become a

text: gas chamber

text: " in the wrong weather conditions.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: growing population

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrialization

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: New York City had an air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: confluence

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: growing population, industrialization,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: growing population, industrialization,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: emissions proportional to its area.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: growing population, industrialization, and increased emissions from cars and central heating.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: three years

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog episode;

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: cars and central heating.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: growing population, industrialization, and increased emissions from cars and central heating.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: major smog event every three years

text: Van Nuys was chosen over an existing dirt strip airfield, Mines Field, located at El Segundo, because the weather in Van Nuys was considered more reliable and predictable, particularly in regard to temperature inversions and smog. Metropolitan was also an operational facility while Mines Field had just been procured by the City of Los Angeles for use as a commercial airport. The project arrived there in December 1928 to begin preparations for the flight, with Capt. Hugh M. Elmendorf in charge of logistics and maintenance.

text: Van Nuys was chosen over an existing dirt strip airfield,

text: Mines Field

text: , located at

text: El Segundo

text: , because the weather in Van Nuys was considered more reliable and predictable, particularly in regard to

text: temperature inversion

text: s and

text: smog

text: . Metropolitan was also an operational facility while Mines Field had just been procured by the City of Los Angeles for use as a commercial airport. The project arrived there in December 1928 to begin preparations for the flight, with Capt. Hugh M. Elmendorf in charge of logistics and maintenance.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: temperature inversions and smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Van Nuys

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Mines Field, located at El Segundo,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: temperature inversions and smog.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: temperature inversions

text: Emission test results from individual vehicles are in many cases compiled to evaluate the emissions performance of various classes of vehicles, the efficacy of the testing program and of various other emission-related regulations (such as changes to fuel formulations) and to model the effects of auto emissions on public health and the environment. For example, the Environmental Working Group used California ASM emissions data to create an "Auto Asthma Index" that rates vehicle models according to emissions of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, chemical precursors to photochemical smog.

text: Emission test results from individual vehicles are in many cases compiled to evaluate the emissions performance of various classes of vehicles, the efficacy of the testing program and of various other emission-related regulations (such as changes to fuel formulations) and to model the effects of auto emissions on public health and the environment. For example, the

text: Environmental Working Group

text: used California ASM emissions data to create an "Auto Asthma Index" that rates vehicle models according to emissions of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, chemical precursors to

text: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ASM emissions data

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: chemical precursors to photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: changes to fuel formulations)

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California ASM emissions data to create an "Auto Asthma Index"

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: photochemical smog.

text: Xiaomi released an air purifier on 9 December 2014 in Beijing. This  device has the capability to clean up to 406 m of air in an hour. The device uses HEPA technology to reduce polluting particles from as high as 600 ppm to a clean 2.5 ppm. The device has a real-time air quality monitor. Users can synch the air purifier with a smartphone to control it remotely, receive air quality data, and be alerted when the air filter is dirty.

text: Xiaomi released an air purifier on 9 December 2014 in Beijing. This  device has the capability to clean up to 406 m of air in an hour. The device uses

text: HEPA

text: technology to reduce polluting particles from as high as 600 ppm to a clean 2.5 ppm. The device has a real-time air quality monitor. Users can synch the air purifier with a smartphone to control it remotely, receive air quality data, and be alerted when the air filter is dirty.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the device used for?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: HEPA

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: polluting particles

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particles

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: HEPA technology to reduce polluting particles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 600 ppm

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 600 ppm to a clean 2.5 ppm.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: polluting particles

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 600 ppm

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: polluting particles from as high as 600 ppm

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 406 m of air in an hour.

text: The Clean Air Act was enacted by the United States Congress and signed by President Richard Nixon in 1970. The main provisions of the Clean Air Act were to control air pollution on a national level and an initiative program called New Source Review (NSR). The NSR initiative would require power plants to upgrade to anti-pollution technologies before they can expand existing facilities and add new technologies. The Clear Skies initiative proposed by the Bush administration main intention was to remove the New Source Review provision and deregulate some of the standards that the Clean Air Act required energy facilities to meet. The proposed removal of the NSR prompted nine northeastern states to file suit in federal court to prevent the new ruling. Advocates against Clear Skies viewed the removal of NSR as a weakening of existing laws and an “assault on the Clean Air Act”. Environmental advocates and their political allies would eventually prevail in defeating the Clear Skies initiative.

text: The Clean Air Act was enacted by the United States Congress and signed by President

text: Richard Nixon

text: in 1970. The main provisions of the Clean Air Act were to control air pollution on a national level and an initiative program called

text: New Source Review

text: (NSR). The NSR initiative would require power plants to upgrade to anti-pollution technologies before they can expand existing facilities and add new technologies. The Clear Skies initiative proposed by the Bush administration main intention was to remove the New Source Review provision and deregulate some of the standards that the Clean Air Act required energy facilities to meet. The proposed removal of the NSR prompted nine northeastern states to file suit in federal court to prevent the new ruling. Advocates against Clear Skies viewed the removal of NSR as a weakening of existing laws and an “assault on the Clean Air Act”. Environmental advocates and their political allies would eventually prevail in defeating the Clear Skies initiative.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What was the main purpose of the Clean Air Act?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: New Source Review

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: control air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clear Skies

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1970.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Clear Skies initiative

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: New Source Review

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act

text: The Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) utilizes the Carl Moyer Program to reduce air pollution, especially criteria air pollutants such as airborne particulate matter, ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and lead, in impacted communities in the San Francisco Bay Area. The program provides financial incentives for equipment and vehicle owners to replace or retrofit high polluting engines and equipment. Highly impacted communities are generally economically disadvantaged residential areas located close to industrialized areas with large populations of young children and the elderly. Residents of communities highly impacted by pollution are at higher risk of pollution-related health problems. As an added benefit, the program stimulates the local economy by providing more jobs for engine repair shops and helps businesses by offering incentives for maintenance they would have to implement eventually.

text: The

text: Bay Area Air Quality Management District

text: (BAAQMD) utilizes the Carl Moyer Program to reduce air pollution, especially criteria air pollutants such as

text: airborne particulate matter

text: ozone

text: carbon monoxide

text: nitrogen oxides

text: sulfur dioxide

text: and

text: lead

text: , in impacted communities in the San Francisco Bay Area. The program provides financial incentives for equipment and vehicle owners to replace or retrofit high polluting engines and equipment. Highly impacted communities are generally economically disadvantaged residential areas located close to industrialized areas with large populations of young children and the elderly. Residents of communities highly impacted by pollution are at higher risk of pollution-related health problems. As an added benefit, the program stimulates the local economy by providing more jobs for engine repair shops and helps businesses by offering incentives for maintenance they would have to implement eventually.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrialized areas

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: airborne particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrialized areas

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: San Francisco Bay Area

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: airborne particulate matter,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrialized areas

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: criteria air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrialized areas

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and lead,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: San Francisco Bay Area.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and lead,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrialized areas with large populations of young children and the elderly.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Carl Moyer Program to reduce air pollution,

text: Photochemical smog is the chemical reaction of sunlight, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, which leaves airborne particles and ground-level ozone. This noxious mixture of air pollutants may include the following:

text: Photochemical smog is the chemical reaction of sunlight,

text: nitrogen oxides

text: and

text: volatile organic compound

text: s in the atmosphere, which leaves

text: airborne particles

text: and

text: ground-level ozone

text: . This noxious mixture of air pollutants may include the following:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sunlight,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: sunlight,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds

text: As a result of the wildfires, air quality across the state and into Canada dropped to unhealthy levels in many cities and led to the issuing of several air quality alerts by the U.S. National Weather Service and Environment Canada. Omak, located  northeast of the Okanogan Complex fire, reported an air quality index rating of 500 on August 24. The city of Spokane,  from the fires, reported a rating of 188 on August 24, forcing high school athletics and other outdoor activities to be canceled. By Tuesday, August 25, Environment Canada had posted an Air Quality Health Index alert for cities as far away as Calgary, Alberta——with a score of 12. The Canadian Air Quality Health Index, measured on a scale of one to 10-plus with 10 as “very high risk”, is based on measurements of "ozone at ground level, particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide". By Wednesday the third day of the thick haze of smoke, air quality in Calgary scored 17.

text: As a result of the wildfires,

text: air quality

text: across the state and into Canada dropped to unhealthy levels in many cities and led to the issuing of several air quality alerts by the U.S.

text: National Weather Service

text: and

text: Environment Canada

text: Omak

text: , located  northeast of the

text: Okanogan Complex fire

text: , reported an

text: air quality index

text: rating of 500 on August 24. The city of

text: Spokane

text: ,  from the fires, reported a rating of 188 on August 24, forcing

text: high school athletics

text: and other outdoor activities to be canceled. By Tuesday, August 25, Environment Canada had posted an

text: Air Quality Health Index

text: alert for cities as far away as

text: Calgary, Alberta

text: ——with a score of 12. The Canadian Air Quality Health Index, measured on a scale of one to 10-plus with 10 as “very high risk”, is based on measurements of "ozone at ground level, particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide". By Wednesday the third day of the thick haze of smoke, air quality in Calgary scored 17.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: wildfires

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unhealthy levels

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: wildfires

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: wildfires

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide".

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: wildfires,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unhealthy levels

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: wildfires,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: "ozone at ground level, particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide".

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Calgary, Alberta——with a score of 12.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: wildfires,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "ozone at ground level, particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide".

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: wildfires,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 12.

text: Some small molecules in the atmosphere can also act as photoinitiators by decomposing to give free radicals (in photochemical smog). For instance, nitrogen dioxide is produced in large quantities by gasoline-burning internal combustion engines. NO in the troposphere gives smog its brown coloration and catalyzes production of toxic ground-level ozone. Molecular oxygen (O) also serves as a photoinitiator in the stratosphere, breaking down into atomic oxygen and in order to form the ozone in the ozone layer.

text: Some small molecules in the atmosphere can also act as photoinitiators by decomposing to give free radicals (in photochemical

text: smog

text: ). For instance, nitrogen dioxide is produced in large quantities by gasoline-burning internal combustion engines. NO in the

text: troposphere

text: gives smog its brown coloration and

text: catalyzes

text: production of toxic ground-level

text: ozone

text: . Molecular oxygen (O) also serves as a photoinitiator in the stratosphere, breaking down into atomic oxygen and in order to form the ozone in the ozone layer.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone layer

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: nitrogen dioxide is produced in large quantities by gasoline-burning internal combustion engines.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: gasoline-burning internal combustion engines.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog).

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: gasoline-burning internal combustion engines.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nitrogen dioxide is produced in large quantities by gasoline-burning internal combustion engines.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: nitrogen dioxide is produced in large quantities by gasoline-burning internal combustion engines.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog).

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: gasoline-burning internal combustion engines.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: nitrogen dioxide is produced in large quantities by gasoline-burning internal combustion engines.

text: Like the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, Guangzhou also attempted to raise the air quality of the city. The authority had pledged ￥600 million to fight the problem, and had ordered around 32 chemical plants to stop production by the end of 2009. A report shown on July 13, 2010 indicates that the air quality was rated at 95.07% in 2009, an increase of 12.01% since 2004; this improvement eventually cost authorities ￥24 billion. Later action from organisers to curb the pollution included decreasing the movement of vehicles up to 40 percent and banning barbecue stalls in 11 cities.

text: Like the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, Guangzhou also attempted to raise the

text: air quality

text: of the city. The authority had pledged ￥600 million to fight the problem, and had ordered around 32 chemical plants to stop production by the end of 2009. A report shown on July 13, 2010 indicates that the air quality was rated at 95.07% in 2009, an increase of 12.01% since 2004; this improvement eventually cost authorities ￥24 billion. Later action from organisers to curb the pollution included decreasing the movement of vehicles up to 40 percent and banning barbecue stalls in 11 cities.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2004

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: chemical plants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: chemical plants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: chemical plants

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2008 Olympic Games

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: chemical plants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: chemical plants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 32

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 95.07%

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: barbecue stalls

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: barbecue stalls

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: banning barbecue stalls

text: Some of the principal milestones in the evolution of the Clean Air Act are as follows:

text: Some of the principal milestones in the evolution of the Clean Air Act are as follows:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a problem that can be prevented

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Clean Air Act of 1970 (CAA) was enacted by the United States Congress in 1970.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Some of the principal milestones in the evolution of the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act

text: The Withings Smart Body Analyzer is a smart scale that not only measures weight, but also calculates body mass index and fat mass, registers heart rate and indoor air quality/air temperature, and provides weather reports. The scale can store data for up to eight profiles at a time, recognizing users based on their weight. Measurements can be shared by text, email or social networking sites, such as Twitter.

text: The Withings Smart Body Analyzer is a smart scale that not only measures weight, but also calculates

text: body mass index

text: and

text: fat mass

text: , registers

text: heart rate

text: and indoor air quality/air temperature, and provides weather reports. The scale can store data for up to eight profiles at a time, recognizing users based on their weight. Measurements can be shared by text, email or social networking sites, such as

text: Twitter

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: indoor air quality/air temperature,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Twitter.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor air quality/air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: indoor air quality/air temperature,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: eight

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: indoor air quality/air temperature,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: indoor air quality/air temperature,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: indoor air quality/air temperature,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: indoor air quality/air temperature,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: weather reports.

text: The act mandates air quality control regions, designated as attainment vs non-attainment. Non-attainment areas do not meet national standards for primary or secondary ambient air quality. Attainment areas meet these standards, while unclassifiable areas cannot be classified on the basis of the information that is available.

text: The act mandates air quality control regions, designated as attainment vs non-attainment. Non-attainment areas do not meet national standards for primary or secondary ambient air quality. Attainment areas meet these standards, while unclassifiable areas cannot be classified on the basis of the information that is available.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: non-attainment

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: non-attainment

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: primary or secondary

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unattainment

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: unclassifiable areas

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The act mandates air quality control regions,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ambient air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The act mandates air quality control regions,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: primary or secondary ambient air quality.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: attainment vs non-attainment.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality control regions,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: primary or secondary ambient air quality.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Non-attainment areas do not meet national standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: attainment vs non-attainment.

text: Air pollution costs the world economy $5 trillion per year as a result of productivity losses and degraded quality of life, according to a joint study by the World Bank and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington These productivity losses are caused by deaths due to diseases caused by air pollution. One out of ten deaths in 2013 was caused by diseases associated with air pollution and the problem is getting worse. The problem is even more acute in the developing world. "Children under age 5 in lower-income countries are more than 60 times as likely to die from exposure to air pollution as children in high-income countries." The report states that additional economic losses caused by air pollution, including health costs and the adverse effect on agricultural and other productivity were not calculated in the report, and thus the actual costs to the world economy are far higher than $5 trillion.

text: Air pollution costs the world economy $5 trillion per year as a result of productivity losses and degraded quality of life, according to a joint study by the

text: World Bank

text: and the

entity_name: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation

text: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation

text: (IHME) at the

text: University of Washington

text: These productivity losses are caused by deaths due to diseases caused by air pollution. One out of ten deaths in 2013 was caused by diseases associated with air pollution and the problem is getting worse. The problem is even more acute in the

text: developing world

text: . "Children under age 5 in lower-income countries are more than 60 times as likely to die from exposure to air pollution as children in high-income countries." The report states that additional economic losses caused by air pollution, including health costs and the adverse effect on agricultural and other productivity were not calculated in the report, and thus the actual costs to the world economy are far higher than $5 trillion.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: developing world

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a result of productivity losses

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: poor air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: developing world.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: costs the world economy $5 trillion per year

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: One out of ten

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: One out of ten deaths in 2013

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air pollution costs the world economy $5 trillion per year

text: It is estimated that 24,000 lives are prematurely ended due to the effects of air pollution. Moreover, these health consequences are estimated to cost the UK £29,000 per life year lost in "good" health, £15,000 per life year lost in "poor" health and £1,900–£2,000 per hospital admission. Given the harm caused by air pollution the UK has a poor record in responding to air pollution. The European Union is currently considering prosecuting the British government for breaching air pollution laws. Air pollution near in a number of locations has been recorded at twice the UN's World Health Organization maximum recommended level, which has consequently infringed EU air quality laws. Moreover, the Environment Agency, the UK's principal environmental regulator, has what some may consider to be a poor record of prosecuting infringements of environmental standards. For example, there were 29,627 "substantiated" pollution incidents in 2003, of which 1337 were considered serious by the agency. However, in the same year the agency prosecuted 266 companies, 61 resulted in fines over £10,000. The average fine for companies was £8,412, down from £8,622 in 2002. There are approximately 20,000 incidents each year in the UK and around 250 prosecutions, which means there is a one in eighty chance of company being prosecuted for these incidents.

text: It is estimated that 24,000 lives are prematurely ended due to the effects of air pollution. Moreover, these health consequences are estimated to cost the UK £29,000 per life year lost in "good" health, £15,000 per life year lost in "poor" health and £1,900–£2,000 per hospital admission. Given the harm caused by air pollution the UK has a poor record in responding to air pollution. The

text: European Union

text: is currently considering prosecuting the British government for breaching air pollution laws. Air pollution near in a number of locations has been recorded at twice the UN's

text: World Health Organization

text: maximum recommended level, which has consequently infringed EU air quality laws. Moreover, the Environment Agency, the UK's principal environmental regulator, has what some may consider to be a poor record of prosecuting infringements of environmental standards. For example, there were 29,627 "substantiated" pollution incidents in 2003, of which 1337 were considered serious by the agency. However, in the same year the agency prosecuted 266 companies, 61 resulted in fines over £10,000. The average fine for companies was £8,412, down from £8,622 in 2002. There are approximately 20,000 incidents each year in the UK and around 250 prosecutions, which means there is a one in eighty chance of company being prosecuted for these incidents.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the harm caused by air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality laws

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 24,000 lives are prematurely ended due to the effects of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2003,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: harm caused by air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 29,627

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: twice the UN's World Health Organization maximum recommended level,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: £1,900–£2,000 per hospital admission.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: twice the UN's World Health Organization maximum recommended level,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 24,000 lives are prematurely ended due to the effects of air pollution.

text: For example, the US Clean Water Act is based upon an interest in protecting water quality for its own sake, in contrast with the Clean Air Act which is premised upon protecting air quality only for the sake of human health; however, these are ideological policy premises rather than scientific matters themselves.

text: For example, the US Clean Water Act is based upon an interest in protecting water quality for its own sake, in contrast with the Clean Air Act which is premised upon protecting air quality only for the sake of human health; however, these are ideological policy premises rather than scientific matters themselves.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: human health

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: human health

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: ideological policy premises rather than scientific matters

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: ideological policy premises rather than scientific matters themselves.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ideological policy premises rather than scientific matters

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ideological policy premises

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: human health;

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: human health;

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: human health;

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality only for the sake of human health;

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: ideological policy premises rather than scientific matters

text: Develop warning system for air-quality

text: Develop warning system for air-quality

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming period

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: is a threat to human health

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 450

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: response to air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: warning system for air quality

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Develop warning system for air-quality

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Develop warning system for air-quality

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Develop warning system for air-quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Develop warning system for air-quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Develop warning system for air-quality

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Develop warning system for air-quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Develop warning system for air-quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Develop warning system for air-quality

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Develop warning system for air-quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Develop warning system for air-quality

text: There are six AQI categories, namely Good, Satisfactory, Moderately polluted, Poor, Very Poor, and Severe.  The proposed AQI will consider eight pollutants (PM, PM, NO, SO, CO, O, NH, and Pb) for which short-term (up to 24-hourly averaging period) National Ambient Air Quality Standards are prescribed. Based on the measured ambient concentrations, corresponding standards and likely health impact, a sub-index is calculated for each of these pollutants. The worst sub-index reflects overall AQI. Associated likely health impacts for different AQI categories and pollutants have been also been suggested, with primary inputs from the medical expert members of the group. The AQI values and corresponding ambient concentrations (health breakpoints) as well as associated likely health impacts for the identified eight pollutants are as follows:

text: There are six AQI categories, namely Good, Satisfactory, Moderately polluted, Poor, Very Poor, and Severe.  The proposed AQI will consider eight pollutants (PM, PM, NO, SO, CO, O, NH, and Pb) for which short-term (up to 24-hourly averaging period) National Ambient Air Quality Standards are prescribed. Based on the measured ambient concentrations, corresponding standards and likely health impact, a sub-index is calculated for each of these pollutants. The worst sub-index reflects overall AQI. Associated likely health impacts for different AQI categories and pollutants have been also been suggested, with primary inputs from the medical expert members of the group. The AQI values and corresponding ambient concentrations (health breakpoints) as well as associated likely health impacts for the identified eight pollutants are as follows:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Severe

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: NOx

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: eight pollutants

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: San Francisco

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NH, and Pb

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: context: Inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: eight

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Good, Satisfactory, Moderately polluted,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Poor, Very Poor, and Severe.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: NO, SO, CO, O, NH, and Pb)

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: eight

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Poor, Very Poor, and Severe.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Poor, Very Poor, and Severe.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Moderately polluted,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Good, Satisfactory, Moderately polluted,

text: Ventilation Rate Procedure is rate based on standard and prescribes the rate at which ventilation air must be delivered to a space and various means to condition that air. Air quality is assessed (through CO measurement) and ventilation rates are mathematically derived using constants.Indoor Air Quality Procedure uses one or more guidelines for the specification of acceptable concentrations of certain contaminants in indoor air but does not prescribe ventilation rates or air treatment methods. This addresses both quantitative and subjective evaluations, and is based on the Ventilation Rate Procedure. It also accounts for potential contaminants that may have no measured limits, or for which no limits are not set (such as formaldehyde offgassing from carpet and furniture).

text: Ventilation Rate Procedure is rate based on standard and prescribes the rate at which ventilation air must be delivered to a space and various means to condition that air. Air quality is assessed (through CO measurement) and ventilation rates are mathematically derived using constants.Indoor Air Quality Procedure uses one or more guidelines for the specification of acceptable concentrations of certain contaminants in indoor air but does not prescribe ventilation rates or air treatment methods. This addresses both quantitative and subjective evaluations, and is based on the Ventilation Rate Procedure. It also accounts for potential contaminants that may have no measured limits, or for which no limits are not set (such as formaldehyde offgassing from carpet and furniture).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: CO

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: CO

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: CO

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Ventilation Rate Procedure

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air quality is assessed (through CO measurement)

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: CO

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: limits,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Ventilation Rate Procedure

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Ventilation Rate Procedure

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: constants.Indoor Air Quality Procedure

text: Vog and smog are different. Vog is formed when sulfur oxides emitted by a volcano react with moisture to form an aerosol.  The aerosol scatters light, thus making the vog visible. Smog is formed largely from the incomplete combustion of fuel, reacting with nitrogen oxides and ozone produced from carbon monoxide by reactions with sunlight. The result is also a visible aerosol.

text: Vog and

text: smog

text: are different. Vog is formed when sulfur oxides emitted by a volcano react with moisture to form an

text: aerosol

text: .  The

text: aerosol

text: scatters light, thus making the vog visible. Smog is formed largely from the incomplete

text: combustion

text: of fuel, reacting with

text: nitrogen oxides

text: and

text: ozone

text: produced from

text: carbon monoxide

text: by reactions with sunlight. The result is also a visible

text: aerosol

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: incomplete combustion of fuel

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: incomplete combustion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: incomplete combustion of fuel,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog is formed largely from the incomplete combustion of fuel,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: incomplete combustion of fuel,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nitrogen oxides and ozone produced from carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Vog and smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides and ozone produced from carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: incomplete combustion of fuel,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog is formed largely from the incomplete combustion of fuel,

text: Modern smog, as found for example in Los Angeles is a type of air pollution derived from vehicular emission from internal combustion engines and industrial fumes that react in the atmosphere with sunlight to form secondary pollutants that also combine with the primary emissions to form photochemical smog. In certain other cities, such as Delhi, smog severity is often aggravated by stubble burning in neighboring agricultural areas. The atmospheric pollution levels of Los Angeles, Beijing, Delhi, Mexico City, Tehran and other cities are increased by inversion that traps pollution close to the ground. It is usually highly toxic to humans and can cause severe sickness, shortened life or death.

text: Modern smog, as found for example in Los Angeles is a type of

text: air pollution

text: derived from

text: vehicular emission

text: from

text: internal combustion engine

text: s and industrial fumes that react in the atmosphere with sunlight to form secondary pollutants that also combine with the primary emissions to form

text: photochemical smog

text: . In certain other cities, such as

text: Delhi

text: , smog severity is often aggravated by

text: stubble burning

text: in neighboring agricultural areas. The atmospheric pollution levels of Los Angeles, Beijing, Delhi, Mexico City, Tehran and other cities are increased by

text: inversion

text: that traps pollution close to the ground. It is usually highly

text: toxic

text: to humans and can cause severe sickness, shortened life or death.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Modern smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: internal combustion engines and industrial fumes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industrial fumes

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: vehicular emission from internal combustion engines and industrial fumes

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Modern smog,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: vehicular emission from internal combustion engines and industrial fumes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: internal combustion engines

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Modern smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: internal combustion engines and industrial fumes

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversion that traps pollution close to the ground.

text: Responsibility for ambient air quality monitoring in Bishkek lies with the Kyrgyz State Agency of Hydrometeorology. There are seven air quality monitoring stations in Bishkek, measuring levels of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, and ammonia.

text: Responsibility for ambient air quality monitoring in Bishkek lies with the Kyrgyz State Agency of Hydrometeorology. There are seven air quality monitoring stations in Bishkek, measuring levels of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, and

text: ammonia

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Which of the following is not a type of air pollution: sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, or ammonia?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: formaldehyde

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: sulfur dioxide,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Kyrgyz State Agency of Hydrometeorology.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sulfur dioxide,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: seven

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Kyrgyz State Agency of Hydrometeorology.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: the Kyrgyz State Agency of Hydrometeorology.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Kyrgyz State Agency of Hydrometeorology.

text: In Ohio, between 1970 and 1977, a rule in the Clean Air Act required a reduction in the measured sulfur dioxide (SO) emitted by coal-fired power plants. The State Implementation Plan to decrease the SO emitted by such plants was to increase the height of the smokestacks on the plants. The result was that the SO was carried in the wind out of the state and there was a reduction in the measured SO in the area near the source. In the 1977 amendments to the Act, Congress restricted the use of tall smokestacks as a means to attain compliance in SIPs.

text: In

text: Ohio

text: , between 1970 and 1977, a rule in the Clean Air Act required a reduction in the measured

text: sulfur dioxide

text: (SO) emitted by

text: coal-fired power plants

text: . The State Implementation Plan to decrease the SO emitted by such plants was to increase the height of the smokestacks on the plants. The result was that the SO was carried in the wind out of the state and there was a reduction in the measured SO in the area near the source. In the 1977 amendments to the Act,

text: Congress

text: restricted the use of tall smokestacks as a means to attain compliance in SIPs.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: sulfur dioxide (SO) emitted by coal-fired power plants.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970 and 1977,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal-fired power plants.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: sulfur dioxide (SO) emitted by coal-fired power plants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: sulfur dioxide (SO) emitted by coal-fired power plants.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: coal-fired power plants.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: sulfur dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: coal-fired power plants.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Congress restricted the use of tall smokestacks

text: One of the main problems of citizens living in the area of the investment is the bad air quality of Silesia region and Rybnik city in particular. On the 21st of November 2011 European Commission has sued Poland to the European Court of Justice for lack of progress in transposition of the Ambient Air Quality and Cleaner Air for Europe (CAFE) Directive (2008/50/EC), which should have been implemented in Poland by the 11th of June 2010. The directive requires in particular that the PM10 (larger dust particles) level does not exceed 50 miligrams/m³ more than 35 times a year. However this PM10 level is breached with much higher frequency in most Polish metropolitan areas including Rybnik and Jaworzno in the Silesia region. Recently a group of residents of Rybnik have taken the Polish state to court over the bad air quality and the lack of clear plans to improve the situation in the perceivable future. The local health effects from coal mining, transportation and combustion are also of a significant concern, and communities living in a proximity to these activities are experiencing adverse social effects, such as loss of amenity, displacement, and loss of social capital as well as facing increased risks of respiratory disease, heart disease, and lung cancer.

text: One of the main problems of citizens living in the area of the investment is the bad air quality of

text: Silesia

text: region and

text: Rybnik

text: city in particular. On the 21st of November 2011 European Commission has sued Poland to the European Court of Justice for lack of progress in transposition of the Ambient Air Quality and Cleaner Air for Europe (CAFE) Directive (2008/50/EC), which should have been implemented in Poland by the 11th of June 2010. The directive requires in particular that the

text: (larger dust particles) level does not exceed 50 miligrams/m³ more than 35 times a year. However this PM10 level is breached with much higher frequency in most Polish metropolitan areas including Rybnik and Jaworzno in the Silesia region. Recently a group of residents of Rybnik have taken the Polish state to court over the bad air quality and the lack of clear plans to improve the situation in the perceivable future. The local health effects from coal mining,

text: transportation

text: and

text: combustion

text: are also of a significant concern, and communities living in a proximity to these activities are experiencing adverse social effects, such as loss of amenity, displacement, and loss of social capital as well as facing increased risks of respiratory disease, heart disease, and lung cancer.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2010s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is one of the main problems of citizens

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal mining

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM10

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: coal mining, transportation and combustion

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: coal mining, transportation and combustion are also of a significant concern,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: bad air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal mining, transportation and combustion

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 35 times a year.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Rybnik

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: bad air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM10

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: coal mining, transportation and combustion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: European Commission has sued Poland to the European Court of Justice

text: Congress amended the Clean Air Act in 1977 to address states that had failed to attain the air quality standards established by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (Defendant). "The amended Clean Air Act required these 'non-attainment' States to establish a permit program regulating 'new or modified major stationary sources' of air pollution." During the Carter administration, the EPA defined a source as any device in a manufacturing plant that produced pollution. In 1981, after Ronald Reagan's election, the EPA adopted a new definition that allowed an existing plant to get permits for new equipment that did not meet standards as long as the total emissions from the plant itself did not increase. The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), an environmental protection group, challenged the EPA regulation in federal court, which ruled in the NRDC's favor.Chevron, an affected party, appealed the lower court's decision.

text: Congress amended the

text: Clean Air Act

text: in 1977 to address states that had failed to attain the air quality standards established by the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) (Defendant). "The amended Clean Air Act required these 'non-attainment' States to establish a permit program regulating 'new or modified major stationary sources' of air pollution." During the

text: Carter administration

text: , the EPA defined a source as any device in a manufacturing plant that produced pollution. In 1981, after

text: Ronald Reagan

text: 's election, the EPA adopted a new definition that allowed an existing plant to get permits for new equipment that did not meet standards as long as the total emissions from the plant itself did not increase. The

text: Natural Resources Defense Council

text: (NRDC), an environmental protection group, challenged the EPA regulation in federal court, which ruled in the NRDC's favor.

text: Chevron

text: , an affected party, appealed the lower court's decision.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Reagan administration

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: major stationary sources

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Chevron

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: any device in a manufacturing plant

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Carter administration,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: any device in a manufacturing plant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 'new or modified major stationary sources'

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 'new or modified major stationary sources'

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Congress amended the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: states that had failed to attain the air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 'new or modified major stationary sources'

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 'new or modified major stationary sources' of air pollution."

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Congress amended the Clean Air Act

text: James N. Pitts Jr.  (January 10, 1921 – June 19, 2014) was an American chemist and researcher known for his work in the fields of photochemistry and atmospheric chemistry. Pitts was a pioneer in the study of smog and air pollution, especially in Los Angeles County. Pitts co-founded the Statewide Air Pollution Research Center at the University of California, Riverside in 1961 and served as the center's director from 1970 to 1988. He authored more than 400 scientific publications and four books on the subjects, especially smog.

text: James N. Pitts Jr.  (January 10, 1921 – June 19, 2014) was an

text: American

text: chemist

text: and researcher known for his work in the fields of

text: photochemistry

text: and

text: atmospheric chemistry

text: . Pitts was a pioneer in the study of

text: smog

text: and

text: air pollution

text: , especially in

text: Los Angeles County

text: . Pitts co-founded the Statewide Air Pollution Research Center at the

text: University of California, Riverside

text: in 1961 and served as the center's director from 1970 to 1988. He authored more than 400 scientific publications and four books on the subjects, especially smog.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1961

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Los Angeles County.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 400

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles County.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog and air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Los Angeles County.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog and air pollution, especially in Los Angeles County.

text: Since Harper's government took office in 2006, Canadian greenhouse gas emissions fell from 749 to 726 Mt of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO eq). From 1993 until 2006, during the previous Liberal government greenhouse gas emissions increased from 600 to 749 Mt of CO eq. The reduction corresponded Canada's decreased economic output during the Great Recession and emissions began increasing slightly in 2010, when the economy began recovering. Other significant factors in Canada's decreased emissions during Prime Minister Harper's time in office are initiatives such as the carbon tax in British Columbia, the cap and trade system in Quebec, Ontario's coal-fired power plants, and the Clean Air Regulatory Agenda which regulates emissions for automobiles and light trucks. In 2006, Canada's Clean Air and Climate Change Act was introduced to address air pollution as well as greenhouse gas emissions; it never became law. In 2006, the Clean Air Regulatory Agenda (CARA) was established to "support Government of Canada efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollutant emissions in order to improve the environment and health of Canadians". In December, 2011, the Harper administration announced that Canada would formally withdraw from the Kyoto Protocol. Then Environment Minister Peter Kent stated, "It's now clear that Kyoto is not the path forward for a global solution to  climate change. In December, 2012, Canada became the first signatory to formally withdraw from the Kyoto Protocol. /

text: Since Harper's government took office in 2006, Canadian greenhouse gas emissions fell from 749 to 726 Mt of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO eq). From 1993 until 2006, during the previous Liberal government greenhouse gas emissions increased from 600 to 749 Mt of CO eq. The reduction corresponded Canada's decreased economic output during the

text: Great Recession

text: and emissions began increasing slightly in 2010, when the economy began recovering. Other significant factors in Canada's decreased emissions during Prime Minister Harper's time in office are initiatives such as the

text: carbon tax

text: in British Columbia, the

text: cap and trade

text: system in Quebec, Ontario's

text: coal-fired power plant

text: s, and the Clean Air Regulatory Agenda which regulates emissions for automobiles and light trucks. In 2006, Canada's Clean Air and Climate Change Act was introduced to address air pollution as well as greenhouse gas emissions; it never became law. In 2006, the Clean Air Regulatory Agenda (CARA) was established to "support Government of Canada efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollutant emissions in order to improve the environment and health of Canadians". In December, 2011, the Harper administration announced that Canada would formally withdraw from the

text: Kyoto Protocol

text: . Then Environment Minister

text: Peter Kent

text: stated, "It's now clear that Kyoto is not the path forward for a global solution to  climate change. In December, 2012, Canada became the first signatory to formally withdraw from the Kyoto Protocol. /

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Great Recession

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gas emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: GHG

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Great Recession

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Kyoto Protocol.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Great Recession

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Canada's Clean Air and Climate Change Act was introduced to address air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal-fired power plants,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: automobiles and light trucks.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Kyoto Protocol.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Great Recession

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: automobiles and light trucks.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: coal-fired power plants,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Kyoto Protocol.

text: Cadmium poisoning- Callendar effect- Calnev Pipeline- Cancer- Cancer Alley- Car Free Days- Carbofuran- Carbon audit regime- Carbon credit- Carbon cycle- Carbon dioxide sink- Carbon emissions trading- Carbon fixation- Carbon flux- Carbon footprint- Carbon intensity- Carbon offset- Carbon sequestering- Carbon tax- Carbon tetrachloride- Carfree Cities- Car-free movement- Car-free zone- Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day- Carpool- Carrying capacity- Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety- Cause of Environmental Degradation- Catch and release- Certified wood- Cetacean bycatch- Cetacean Conservation Center- Charles Darwin Foundation- Chartered Institute of Environmental Health- Chemical oxygen demand- Chemical toilet- Chemical warfare- Chemical waste- Chemical weapon designation- Chemical weapon proliferation- Chemical Weapons Convention- Cherenkov radiation- Chernobyl accident- Chernobyl2020- Chicago Climate Exchange- Children's Environmental Exposure Research Study- China Australia Migratory Bird Agreement- Chionophile- Chipko movement- Chlorofluorocarbon- Citizen Information Project- Citizens for Alternatives to Chemical Contamination- Citizens for Global Solutions- City Beautiful movement- Clark County Wetlands Park- Clean Air Act- Clean Air Act (1970)- Clean Air Act (1990)- Clean Air Act 1956- Clean coal- Clean Development Mechanism- Clean Energy Future Group- Clean Up Australia- Clean Water Act- Clear Skies Act- Clearfelling- Climate Audit- Climate change- Climate changes of 535-536- Climate commitment studies- Climate Diagnostics Center- Climate engineering- Climate Group- Climate house- Climate model- Climate modeller- Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory- Climate Outreach and Information Network- Climate sensitivity- Climate surprise- Climatic determinism- Clinton Global Initiative- Cloaca Maxima- Cloud forcing- Coastal Zone Management Act- Cogeneration- Committee on Climate Change Science and Technology Integration- Common alcohol fuel mixtures- Community bicycle program- Community Climate System Model- Community Fisheries Control Agency- Community Forests in England- Community garden- Community gardening- Compact fluorescent lamp- Compactor- Compost- Compost windrow turner- Composting toilet- Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty- Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization- Compressed air energy storage- Computer Conservation Society- Computer recycling- Concrete recycling- Conservation agriculture- Conservation and Neocolonialism- Conservation and Research Center- Conservation area- Conservation areas in Singapore- Conservation areas of Portugal- Conservation Authorities Act- Conservation authority- Conservation biology- Conservation Centre Liverpool- Conservation designation- Conservation district- Conservation easement- Conservation ethic- Conservation genetics- Conservation Halton- Conservation headland- Conservation Law Foundation- Conservation medicine- Conservation movement- Conservation park- Conservation status- Conservation status (TNC)- Conservationist- Constructed wetland- Consumerism- Container composting- Cooler Heads Coalition- Coral bleaching- COSMIC- Country park- Countryside Agency- Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000- Countryside Commission- Critical Mass (cycling)- Critical Mass Energy Project- Current Population Survey- Cycling advocacy

text: Cadmium poisoning

text: Callendar effect

text: Calnev Pipeline

text: Cancer

text: Cancer Alley

text: Car Free Days

text: Carbofuran

text: Carbon audit regime

text: Carbon credit

text: Carbon cycle

text: Carbon dioxide sink

text: Carbon emissions trading

text: Carbon fixation

text: Carbon flux

text: Carbon footprint

text: Carbon intensity

text: Carbon offset

text: Carbon sequestering

text: Carbon tax

text: Carbon tetrachloride

text: Carfree Cities

text: Car-free movement

text: Car-free zone

text: Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day

text: Carpool

text: Carrying capacity

text: Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

text: Cause of Environmental Degradation

text: Catch and release

text: Certified wood

text: Cetacean bycatch

text: Cetacean Conservation Center

text: Charles Darwin Foundation

entity_name: Chartered Institute of Environmental Health

text: Chartered Institute of Environmental Health

text: Chemical oxygen demand

text: Chemical toilet

text: Chemical warfare

text: Chemical waste

text: Chemical weapon designation

text: Chemical weapon proliferation

text: Chemical Weapons Convention

text: Cherenkov radiation

text: Chernobyl accident

text: Chicago Climate Exchange

entity_name: Children's Environmental Exposure Research Study

text: Children's Environmental Exposure Research Study

entity_name: China–Australia Migratory Bird Agreement

text: China Australia Migratory Bird Agreement

text: Chionophile

text: Chipko movement

text: Chlorofluorocarbon

text: Citizen Information Project

entity_name: Citizens for Alternatives to Chemical Contamination

text: Citizens for Alternatives to Chemical Contamination

text: Citizens for Global Solutions

text: City Beautiful movement

text: Clark County Wetlands Park

text: Clean Air Act

text: Clean Air Act (1970)

text: Clean Air Act (1990)

text: Clean Air Act 1956

text: Clean coal

text: Clean Development Mechanism

text: Clean Energy Future Group

text: Clean Up Australia

text: Clean Water Act

text: Clear Skies Act

text: Clearfelling

text: Climate Audit

text: Climate change

text: Climate changes of 535-536

text: Climate commitment studies

text: Climate Diagnostics Center

text: Climate engineering

text: Climate Group

text: Climate house

text: Climate model

text: Climate modeller

entity_name: Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory

text: Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory

text: Climate Outreach and Information Network

text: Climate sensitivity

text: Climate surprise

text: Climatic determinism

entity_section: Clinton Global Initiative (CGI) and CGI U

text: Clinton Global Initiative

text: Cloaca Maxima

text: Cloud forcing

text: Coastal Zone Management Act

text: Cogeneration

entity_name: Committee on Climate Change Science and Technology Integration

text: Committee on Climate Change Science and Technology Integration

text: Common alcohol fuel mixtures

text: Community bicycle program

text: Community Climate System Model

text: Community Fisheries Control Agency

text: Community Forests in England

text: Community garden

text: Community gardening

text: Compact fluorescent lamp

text: Compactor

text: Compost

text: Compost windrow turner

text: Composting toilet

text: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty

entity_name: Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization

text: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization

text: Compressed air energy storage

text: Computer Conservation Society

text: Computer recycling

text: Concrete recycling

text: Conservation agriculture

text: Conservation and Neocolonialism

entity_name: Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute

text: Conservation and Research Center

text: Conservation area

text: Conservation areas in Singapore

text: Conservation areas of Portugal

text: Conservation Authorities Act

entity_name: Conservation authority (Ontario, Canada)

text: Conservation authority

text: Conservation biology

text: Conservation Centre Liverpool

text: Conservation designation

text: Conservation district

text: Conservation easement

text: Conservation ethic

text: Conservation genetics

text: Conservation Halton

text: Conservation headland

text: Conservation Law Foundation

text: Conservation medicine

text: Conservation movement

text: Conservation park

text: Conservation status

text: Conservation status (TNC)

text: Conservationist

text: Constructed wetland

text: Consumerism

text: Container composting

text: Cooler Heads Coalition

text: Coral bleaching

entity_name: Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate

text: COSMIC

text: Country park

text: Countryside Agency

text: Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000

text: Countryside Commission

text: Critical Mass (cycling)

text: Critical Mass Energy Project

text: Current Population Survey

text: Cycling advocacy

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: cadmium poisoning

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: car emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 189

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Cadmium poisoning

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Cadmium poisoning

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Inversions

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Clean Air Act-

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act-

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Environmental Degradation-

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Calnev Pipeline-

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 535-536-

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act-

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: City Beautiful movement-

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Cadmium poisoning-

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Car Free Days-

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act-

text: Clean Air Act standards. Under the Clean Air Act, the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) are developed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for six common air pollutants, also called "criteria pollutants": particulates; smog and  ground-level ozone; carbon monoxide; sulfur oxides; nitrogen oxides; and lead. The National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants are additional emission standards that are set by EPA for toxic air pollutants.

text: Clean Air Act standards. Under the

text: Clean Air Act

text: , the

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: (NAAQS) are developed by the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) for six common air pollutants, also called "criteria pollutants":

text: particulates

text: smog

text: and

text: ground-level ozone

text: carbon monoxide

text: sulfur oxide

text: s;

text: nitrogen oxide

text: s; and

text: lead

text: . The

text: National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

text: are additional emission standards that are set by EPA for toxic air pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulates

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: sulfur oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulates

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: six common air pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act standards.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "criteria pollutants":

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carbon monoxide; sulfur oxides; nitrogen oxides; and lead.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act standards.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: six common air pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide; sulfur oxides; nitrogen oxides; and lead.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act standards.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: the National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: The new school opened in September 2009.  In January 2010 some occupants complained of symptoms such as itchy eyes, nausea, rashes and headaches which were believed to be caused by indoor-air quality problems.  The school's ventilation system was adjusted to run continuously without recycling any of the indoor air and portions of the building were sealed off.  The problems re-emerged three months later after the system was shut off for a weekend. The school was closed for a week and the occupants were relocated to three other schools for the remainder of the academic year.  The source of the problem was determined to be a chemical reaction between flooring materials and the concrete slab.  After remedial action was taken the school moved back into the new facility in August 2010.  The ventilation system continued to be run "24/7" and indoor air quality tested on a regular basis through May 2011.  The School District incurred construction costs of $476,029 to replace the flooring (not including added relocation, management, or operating costs).

text: The new school opened in September 2009.  In January 2010 some occupants complained of symptoms such as itchy eyes, nausea, rashes and headaches which were believed to be caused by indoor-air quality problems.  The school's ventilation system was adjusted to run continuously without recycling any of the indoor air and portions of the building were sealed off.  The problems re-emerged three months later after the system was shut off for a weekend. The school was closed for a week and the occupants were relocated to three other schools for the remainder of the academic year.  The source of the problem was determined to be a chemical reaction between flooring materials and the concrete slab.  After remedial action was taken the school moved back into the new facility in August 2010.  The ventilation system continued to be run "24/7" and indoor air quality tested on a regular basis through May 2011.  The School District incurred construction costs of $476,029 to replace the flooring (not including added relocation, management, or operating costs).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2009

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor-air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: indoor-air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: chemical reaction between flooring materials and the concrete slab.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2009.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor-air quality problems.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: chemical reaction between flooring materials and the concrete slab.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: $476,029

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: indoor-air quality problems.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: indoor-air quality problems.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: itchy eyes, nausea, rashes and headaches

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: indoor-air quality problems.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: $476,029

text: Measurement of VOCs from the indoor air is done with sorption tubes e. g. Tenax® (for VOCs and SVOCs) or DNPH-cartridges (for carbonyl-compounds). The VOCs adsorb on these materials and are afterwards desorbed either thermally (Tenax®) or by elution (DNPH) and then analyzed by GC-MS/FID or HPLC. Reference gas mixtures are required for quality control of these VOC-measurements. Furthermore, VOC emitting products used indoors, e. g. building products and furniture, are investigated in emission test chambers under controlled climatic conditions. For quality control of these measurements round robin tests are carried out, therefore reproducibly emitting reference materials are ideally required.

text: Measurement of VOCs from the indoor air is done with sorption tubes e. g. Tenax® (for VOCs and SVOCs) or DNPH-cartridges (for carbonyl-compounds). The VOCs adsorb on these materials and are afterwards desorbed either thermally (Tenax®) or by elution (DNPH) and then analyzed by

text: GC-MS

text: FID

text: or

text: HPLC

text: . Reference gas mixtures are required for quality control of these VOC-measurements. Furthermore, VOC emitting products used indoors, e. g. building products and furniture, are investigated in emission test chambers under controlled climatic conditions. For quality control of these measurements round robin tests are carried out, therefore reproducibly emitting reference materials are ideally required.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: VOC emitting products

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climatic conditions.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Measurement of VOCs from the indoor air

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: VOCs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climatic conditions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: VOCs from the indoor air is done with sorption tubes

text: Good air quality is vital for the refuge to maintain itself.  A few problems dealing with air pollution are carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide.  The primary producers of these pollutants are vehicle emissions, power plants, and industrial activities.  The Indian River Lagoon area is said to have good air quality.  Sometimes occasional temperate increases can temporarily degrade the air quality below the accepted levels.

text: Good air quality is vital for the refuge to maintain itself.  A few problems dealing with air pollution are

text: carbon monoxide

text: , lead,

text: nitrogen dioxide

text: ozone

text: , particulate matter, and

text: sulfur dioxide

text: .  The primary producers of these pollutants are vehicle emissions, power plants, and industrial activities.  The Indian River Lagoon area is said to have good air quality.  Sometimes occasional temperate increases can temporarily degrade the air quality below the accepted levels.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial activities

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: vehicle emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: temperate increases

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: vehicle emissions, power plants, and industrial activities.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial activities.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: carbon monoxide, lead, nitrogen dioxide,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: vehicle emissions, power plants, and industrial activities.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ozone, particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: sulfur dioxide.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone, particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: vehicle emissions, power plants, and industrial activities.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: temperate increases can temporarily degrade the air quality below the accepted levels.

text: •	Office of Air Quality

text: •	Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: • Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: • Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: • Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: • Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Office of Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Office of Air Quality

text: Coinage of the term "smog" is generally attributed to Dr. Henry Antoine Des Voeux in his 1905 paper, "Fog and Smoke" for a meeting of the Public Health Congress. The July 26, 1905 edition of the London newspaper Daily Graphic quoted Des Voeux, "He said it required no science to see that there was something produced in great cities which was not found in the country, and that was smoky fog, or what was known as 'smog.'" The following day the newspaper stated that "Dr. Des Voeux did a public service in coining a new word for the London fog."  However, this is predated by a Los Angeles Times article of January 19, 1893, in which the word is attributed to "a witty English writer."

text: Coinage of the term "smog" is generally attributed to

text: Dr. Henry Antoine Des Voeux

text: in his 1905 paper, "Fog and Smoke" for a meeting of the

text: Public Health Congress

text: . The July 26, 1905 edition of the London newspaper Daily Graphic quoted Des Voeux, "He said it required no science to see that there was something produced in great cities which was not found in the country, and that was smoky fog, or what was known as 'smog.'" The following day the newspaper stated that "Dr. Des Voeux did a public service in coining a new word for the London fog."  However, this is predated by a Los Angeles Times article of January 19, 1893, in which the word is attributed to "a witty English writer."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1905

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Coinage of the term "smog"

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1905

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smoky fog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: great cities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Public Health Congress.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles Times article of January 19, 1893,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "smog"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "Fog and Smoke"

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: great cities

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Dr. Henry Antoine Des Voeux in his 1905

text: "Smug Alert!" is the second episode in the tenth season of the American animated television series South Park. The 141st episode of the series overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on March 29, 2006. In the episode, Gerald buys a hybrid car and buys into the whole progressive movement, moving his family to San Francisco and disturbing a delicate equilibrium and indirectly causing an environmental disaster along the way. The episode acts as a play on the attitude of owners of hybrid cars, as well as the similarity between the words "smog" and "smug".

text: "Smug Alert!" is the second episode in the

text: tenth season

text: of the American animated television series

text: South Park

text: . The 141st episode of the series overall, it first aired on

text: Comedy Central

text: in the United States on March 29, 2006. In the episode,

text: Gerald

text: buys a

text: hybrid car

text: and buys into the whole progressive movement, moving his family to

text: San Francisco

text: and disturbing a delicate equilibrium and indirectly causing an environmental disaster along the way. The episode acts as a play on the attitude of owners of hybrid cars, as well as the similarity between the words "

text: smog

text: " and "

text: smug

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: environmental disaster

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indirectly causing an environmental disaster

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: hybrid cars

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Gerald buys a hybrid car

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: progressive movement,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: environmental disaster

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: hybrid cars,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2006.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: San Francisco

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: progressive movement,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "smog"

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: San Francisco

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 2006.

text: William explains the world as composed of elements (elementa), which he defines as "the simplest and minimum part[s] of any body—simple in quality, minimum in quantity". He identifies the elements with the traditional four elements (fire, air, water, earth) but (following Constantine the African) not as they are perceived, since as such they are neither simple in quality nor minimum in quantity: earth, for example, contains something hot, something cold, something dry and something wet at the same time. Pure elements are not to be perceived, says William, but to be grasped by reason, through an abstract division of the sensible bodies. Each of these pure elements has two of the four basic qualities: earth is cold and dry, water is cold and humid, air is hot and humid and fire is hot and dry. The perceivable elements, called elementata, are made of pure elements: the sensible earth especially of pure earth, the sensible water especially of pure water, and so on.

text: William explains the world as composed of elements (elementa), which he defines as "the simplest and minimum part[s] of any body—simple in quality, minimum in quantity". He identifies the elements with the

text: traditional four elements

text: (fire, air, water, earth) but (following Constantine the African) not as they are perceived, since as such they are neither simple in quality nor minimum in quantity: earth, for example, contains something hot, something cold, something dry and something wet at the same time. Pure elements are not to be perceived, says William, but to be grasped by reason, through an abstract division of the sensible bodies. Each of these pure elements has two of the four basic qualities: earth is cold and dry, water is cold and humid, air is hot and humid and fire is hot and dry. The perceivable elements, called elementata, are made of pure elements: the sensible earth especially of pure earth, the sensible water especially of pure water, and so on.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hot and humid

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air is hot and humid

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: hot and humid

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Constantine the African)

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hot and humid

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: (fire,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: four

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: hot and humid

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Constantine the African)

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air is hot and humid and fire is hot and dry.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hot and humid

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: elements

text: The magnitude of the potential advantage depends on the mix of generation sources and therefore varies by country and by region. For example, France can obtain significant emission benefits from electric and plug-in hybrids because most of its electricity is generated by nuclear power plants; California, where most energy comes from natural gas, hydroelectric and nuclear plants can also secure substantial emission benefits. The U.K. also has a significant potential to benefit from PEVs as natural gas plants dominate the generation mix. On the other hand, emission benefits in Germany, China, India, and the central regions of the United States are limited or non-existent because most electricity is generated from coal. However these countries and regions might still obtain some air quality benefits by reducing local air pollution in urban areas. Cities with chronic air pollution problems, such as Los Angeles, México City, Santiago, Chile, São Paulo, Beijing, Bangkok and Kathmandu may also gain local clean air benefits by shifting the harmful emission to electric generation plants located outside the cities. Nevertheless, the location of the plants is not relevant when considering greenhouse gas emission because their effect is global.

text: The magnitude of the potential advantage depends on the mix of generation sources and therefore varies by country and by region. For example,

text: France

text: can obtain significant emission benefits from electric and plug-in hybrids because most of its electricity is generated by

text: nuclear power plants

text: California

text: , where most energy comes from

text: natural gas

text: , hydroelectric and nuclear plants can also secure substantial emission benefits. The

text: U.K.

text: also has a significant potential to benefit from PEVs as

text: natural gas

text: plants dominate the generation mix. On the other hand, emission benefits in

text: Germany

text: China

text: India

text: , and the central regions of the

text: United States

text: are limited or non-existent because most electricity is generated from

text: coal

text: . However these countries and regions might still obtain some air quality benefits by reducing local air pollution in urban areas. Cities with chronic

text: air pollution

text: problems, such as

text: Los Angeles

text: México City

text: Santiago, Chile

text: São Paulo

text: Beijing

text: Bangkok

text: and

text: Kathmandu

text: may also gain local clean air benefits by shifting the harmful emission to electric generation plants located outside the cities. Nevertheless, the location of the plants is not relevant when considering greenhouse gas emission because their effect is global.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: United States

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: natural gas

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: natural gas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: greenhouse gas emission because their effect is global.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: greenhouse gas emission because their effect is global.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: greenhouse gas emission

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: natural gas,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: greenhouse gas emission

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: chronic air pollution problems,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: greenhouse gas

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: most energy comes from natural gas,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: France can obtain significant emission benefits from electric and plug-in hybrids

text: Currently, he is the CEO of Sustainable Development Technologies and Vice Chairman of Global Urban Development. He is a Councillor of the World Future Council, a member of Advisory Board of the Climate Change Capital, a member of International Council of Asia Society and a member of the Global Agenda Council of Climate Change of the World Economic Forum and an advisor of the Global Elders and other various roles in Non-profit Partners Entrepreneurships and consultation service for private corporations. In 2012, he spoke at The Wall Street Journals ECO:nomics conference where he quoted as saying "China has spent 30 years on so-called economic reforms and made significant progress. The first issue was to get people to survive. Then you try to deal with the environment. Why is this a good time? Many cities in China have air-quality problems, many have water issues. The problem is severe, and gets the attention of the older people. Because of the economic benefits, they've started to look at the quality of life. The No. 1 thing they care about is their health and the environment. So it's time".

text: Currently, he is the CEO of Sustainable Development Technologies and Vice Chairman of Global Urban Development. He is a Councillor of the

text: World Future Council

text: , a member of Advisory Board of the Climate Change Capital, a member of International Council of

text: Asia Society

text: and a member of the Global Agenda Council of Climate Change of the

text: World Economic Forum

text: and an advisor of the

text: Global Elders

text: and other various roles in Non-profit Partners Entrepreneurships and consultation service for private corporations. In 2012, he spoke at

text: The Wall Street Journal

text: s ECO:nomics conference where he quoted as saying "China has spent 30 years on so-called economic reforms and made significant progress. The first issue was to get people to survive. Then you try to deal with the environment. Why is this a good time? Many cities in China have air-quality problems, many have water issues. The problem is severe, and gets the attention of the older people. Because of the economic benefits, they've started to look at the quality of life. The No. 1 thing they care about is their health and the environment. So it's time".

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: economic reforms

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Many cities in China have air-quality problems

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air-quality problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air-quality

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 30 years on so-called economic reforms

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Many cities in China have air-quality problems,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air-quality problems,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Climate Change Capital,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air-quality problems,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air-quality problems,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air-quality

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Urban Development.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Development.

text: On 2 August, the haze still hit Bukit Rambai the hardest. In the early morning, the API readings continued rising up the 90s, hitting 100 at 5am. That meant it was at the top of the "Moderate" range and even if it were to increase by only 1, that's it and it would enter the "Unhealthy" range. At 6am, the API reading entered the Unhealthy range, hovering between 101 and 105. The highest reading, 105, was recorded at noon. At 3pm, the air quality was back in the Moderate range, and subsided gradually. At 9pm, it was 84. However, instead of Bukit Rambai, it was Tanjung Malim which recorded the worst reading of the day, 114, at 5pm. That was also the highest in Malaysia. Like the past few days, Tanjung Malim's air quality was Good for most of the day, only spiking for a few hours each day. The air quality there entered the Moderate range at 2pm, and returned to the Good range at 8pm. Other than the above two locations, Kemaman, Port Dickson, Seremban, Nilai and Malacca City also recorded air quality in the 70s for a few hours.

text: On 2 August, the haze still hit Bukit Rambai the hardest. In the early morning, the API readings continued rising up the 90s, hitting 100 at 5am. That meant it was at the top of the "Moderate" range and even if it were to increase by only 1, that's it and it would enter the "Unhealthy" range. At 6am, the API reading entered the Unhealthy range, hovering between 101 and 105. The highest reading, 105, was recorded at noon. At 3pm, the air quality was back in the Moderate range, and subsided gradually. At 9pm, it was 84. However, instead of Bukit Rambai, it was Tanjung Malim which recorded the worst reading of the day, 114, at 5pm. That was also the highest in Malaysia. Like the past few days, Tanjung Malim's air quality was Good for most of the day, only spiking for a few hours each day. The air quality there entered the Moderate range at 2pm, and returned to the Good range at 8pm. Other than the above two locations, Kemaman, Port Dickson, Seremban, Nilai and Malacca City also recorded air quality in the 70s for a few hours.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: haze

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unhealthy

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 114,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2 August,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "Moderate"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Malaysia.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 101 and 105.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 114,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: haze

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 101 and 105.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: haze still hit Bukit Rambai

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 114,

text: The SMOG formula correlates 0.88 with comprehension as measured by reading tests. It is often recommended for use in healthcare.

text: The SMOG formula correlates 0.88 with comprehension as measured by reading tests. It is often recommended for use in healthcare.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a health hazard

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The SMOG formula correlates 0.88

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: SMOG formula correlates 0.88 with comprehension as measured by reading tests.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The SMOG formula correlates 0.88

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The SMOG formula correlates 0.88

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The SMOG formula correlates 0.88

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The SMOG

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: SMOG formula correlates 0.88 with comprehension as measured by reading tests.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: SMOG formula correlates 0.88 with comprehension as measured by reading tests.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The SMOG

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: SMOG formula correlates 0.88 with comprehension as measured by reading tests.

text: During the 1948 Donora smog, an air inversion trapped industrial effluent (air pollution) from the American Steel and Wire plant and U.S. Steel's Donora Zinc Works in Donora, Pennsylvania.  "In three days, 20 people died... After the inversion lifted, another 50 died, including Lukasz Musial, the father of baseball great Stan Musial. Hundreds more lived the rest of their lives with damaged lungs and hearts. But another 40 years would pass before the whole truth about Donora's bad air made public-health history."  Today the town is home to the Donora Smog Museum which tells the impact of the Donora Smog on the air quality standards enacted by the federal government in subsequent years.

text: During the

text: 1948 Donora smog

text: , an

text: air inversion

text: trapped industrial effluent (air pollution) from the American Steel and Wire plant and U.S. Steel's Donora Zinc Works in Donora, Pennsylvania.  "In three days, 20 people died... After the inversion lifted, another 50 died, including Lukasz Musial, the father of baseball great

text: Stan Musial

text: . Hundreds more lived the rest of their lives with damaged lungs and hearts. But another 40 years would pass before the whole truth about Donora's bad air made public-health history."  Today the town is home to the Donora Smog Museum which tells the impact of the Donora Smog on the air quality standards enacted by the federal government in subsequent years.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Donora smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the Donora Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1948 Donora smog,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air inversion trapped industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: federal government in subsequent years.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1948 Donora smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Donora Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industrial effluent

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air inversion trapped industrial effluent

text: Roosegaarde's most recent project is the Smog Free Project, using patented ion technology he is building the world's largest smog vacuum cleaner. The Smog Free Tower produces smog-free bubbles of public space, allowing people to breathe and experience clean air for free. In order to create a tangible souvenir, Roosegaarde designed Smog Free Rings and Smog Free Cufflinks made of compressed smog particles from Smog Free Tower. By sharing Smog Free Jewellery, you donate 1000m3 of clean air to the city. In September 2016, the Smog Free Tower will travel to China for a tour, starting with Beijing.

text: Roosegaarde's most recent project is the Smog Free Project, using patented ion technology he is building the world's largest smog vacuum cleaner. The Smog Free Tower produces smog-free bubbles of public space, allowing people to breathe and experience clean air for free. In order to create a tangible souvenir, Roosegaarde designed Smog Free Rings and Smog Free Cufflinks made of compressed smog particles from Smog Free Tower. By sharing Smog Free Jewellery, you donate 1000m3 of clean air to the city. In September 2016, the Smog Free Tower will travel to China for a tour, starting with Beijing.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog free tower

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog particles

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: China

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ion technology

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1000m3

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Beijing.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog Free Rings and Smog Free Cufflinks

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Smog Free Rings and Smog Free Cufflinks

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog Free Rings and Smog Free Cufflinks

text: The main concern with gasoline on the environment, aside from the complications of its extraction and refining, is the potential effect on the climate. Unburnt gasoline and evaporation from the tank, when in the atmosphere, reacts in sunlight to produce photochemical smog. Vapor pressure initially rises with some addition of ethanol to gasoline, but the increase is greatest at 10% by volume. At higher concentrations of ethanol above 10%, the vapor pressure of the blend starts to decrease. At a 10% ethanol by volume, the rise in vapor pressure may potentially increase the problem of photochemical smog. This rise in vapor pressure could be mitigated by increasing or decreasing the percentage of ethanol in the gasoline mixture.

text: The main concern with gasoline on the environment, aside from the complications of its extraction and refining, is the potential

text: effect on the climate

text: . Unburnt gasoline and

text: evaporation from the tank

text: , when in the

text: atmosphere

text: , reacts in

text: sunlight

text: to produce

text: photochemical smog

text: . Vapor pressure initially rises with some addition of ethanol to gasoline, but the increase is greatest at 10% by volume. At higher concentrations of ethanol above 10%, the vapor pressure of the blend starts to decrease. At a 10% ethanol by volume, the rise in vapor pressure may potentially increase the problem of photochemical smog. This rise in vapor pressure could be mitigated by increasing or decreasing the percentage of ethanol in the gasoline mixture.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unburnt gasoline

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unburnt gasoline

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Unburnt gasoline

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Unburnt gasoline

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Unburnt gasoline

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Unburnt gasoline

text: - Construction of infrastructure and measurement systems, as well as planning and maintenance of all kinds of meteorological and hydrological stations and air quality measurement stations

text: - Construction of infrastructure and measurement systems, as well as planning and maintenance of all kinds of meteorological and hydrological stations and air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: construction of infrastructure and measurement systems

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: - Construction

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Construction of infrastructure and measurement systems,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality measurement stations

text: Air conditioning is the cooling and de-humidification of indoor air for thermal comfort. Using a system of coils as a solution to cool and remove moisture from muggy air in a printing plant that was wrinkling magazine pages, Willis Carrier invented and manufactured the world's first mechanical air conditioning unit in 1902. Carrier's invention – encompassing the first system to provide man-made control over temperature, humidity, ventilation and air quality, was first installed as a solution to the quality problems experienced at a Brooklyn printing plant, Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing and Publishing Company. Air conditioning not only spawned a company and an industry, but also brought about profound economic, social and cultural changes.

text: Air conditioning is the cooling and de-humidification of indoor air for thermal comfort. Using a system of coils as a solution to cool and remove moisture from muggy air in a printing plant that was wrinkling magazine pages,

text: Willis Carrier

text: invented and manufactured the world's first mechanical air conditioning unit in 1902. Carrier's invention – encompassing the first system to provide man-made control over temperature, humidity, ventilation and air quality, was first installed as a solution to the quality problems experienced at a Brooklyn printing plant, Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing and Publishing Company. Air conditioning not only spawned a company and an industry, but also brought about profound economic, social and cultural changes.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: man-made

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: man-made control over temperature, humidity, ventilation and air quality,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1902.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: man-made control over temperature, humidity, ventilation and air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: humidity, ventilation and air quality,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1902.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: quality problems experienced at a Brooklyn printing plant,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: temperature, humidity, ventilation and air quality,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1902.

text: The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) since then serves as the environmental regulatory agency for the state, enforcing environmental legislation regarding air and water quality, for example.

text: The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) since then serves as the environmental regulatory agency for the state, enforcing environmental legislation regarding air and water quality, for example.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Florida Department of Environmental Protection

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Florida Department of Environmental Protection

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air and water quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Florida Department of Environmental Protection

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The Florida Department of Environmental Protection

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Florida Department of Environmental Protection

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air and water quality,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Florida Department of Environmental Protection

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air and water quality,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Florida Department of Environmental Protection

text: In general, there are two types of air quality standards. The first class of standards (such as the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards and E.U. Air Quality Directive) set maximum atmospheric concentrations for specific pollutants. Environmental agencies enact regulations which are intended to result in attainment of these target levels. The second class (such as the North American Air Quality Index) take the form of a scale with various thresholds, which is used to communicate to the public the relative risk of outdoor activity. The scale may or may not distinguish between different pollutants.

text: In general, there are two types of air quality standards. The first class of standards (such as the U.S.

text: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

text: and E.U. Air Quality Directive) set maximum atmospheric concentrations for specific pollutants. Environmental agencies enact regulations which are intended to result in attainment of these target levels. The second class (such as the North American

text: Air Quality Index

text: ) take the form of a scale with various thresholds, which is used to communicate to the public the relative risk of outdoor activity. The scale may or may not distinguish between different pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The scale may or may not distinguish between different pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: two types of air quality standards.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: maximum atmospheric concentrations

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: North American Air Quality Index)

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: E.U. Air Quality Directive)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: North American Air Quality Index)

text: The Clean Air Act amendments of 1970 and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act amendments of 1972 moved environmental concerns in a new direction. The standards that they put in place were unattainable with existing technology — they were technology forcing. The standards that the EPA put into place called mainly for state implementation. Each state prepared state implementation plans (SIPs), requiring EPA approval, and each state had to request permits from the EPA to emit pollution into any surface water. Congress also provided for a massive public works program to assist in the construction of water and waste treatment plants for municipalities. The 1970 Clean Air Act also enacted deadlines and penalties for automobile emission standards in new cars, resulting in the development and adoption of catalytic converters and greatly reducing automobile pollution.

text: The Clean Air Act amendments of 1970 and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act amendments of 1972 moved environmental concerns in a new direction. The standards that they put in place were unattainable with existing technology — they were technology forcing. The standards that the EPA put into place called mainly for state implementation. Each state prepared state implementation plans (SIPs), requiring EPA approval, and each state had to request permits from the EPA to emit pollution into any surface water. Congress also provided for a massive public works program to assist in the construction of water and waste treatment plants for municipalities. The 1970 Clean Air Act also enacted deadlines and penalties for automobile emission standards in new cars, resulting in the development and adoption of

text: catalytic converter

text: s and greatly reducing automobile pollution.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: automobile emission standards in new cars

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automobile emission standards

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The standards that they put in place were unattainable with existing technology

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: environmental concerns

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: catalytic converters and greatly reducing automobile pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: pollution into any surface water.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act amendments of 1970

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental concerns in a new direction.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: automobile emission

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unattainable with existing technology

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act amendments of 1970

text: The SMOG grade is a measure of readability that estimates the years of education needed to understand a piece of writing. SMOG is the acronym derived from Simple Measure of Gobbledygook. It is widely used, particularly for checking health messages. The SMOG grade yields a 0.985 correlation with a standard error of 1.5159 grades with the grades of readers who had 100% comprehension of test materials.

text: The SMOG grade is a measure of

text: readability

text: that estimates the years of education needed to understand a piece of writing. SMOG is the acronym derived from Simple Measure of Gobbledygook. It is widely used, particularly for checking health messages. The SMOG grade yields a 0.985

text: correlation

text: with a

text: standard error

text: of 1.5159 grades with the grades of readers who had 100% comprehension of test materials.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a measure of

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: SMOG

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 0.985 correlation with a standard error of 1.5159

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1.5159

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Simple Measure of Gobbledygook.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 1.5159

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1.5159

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1.5159

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: SMOG grade

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Simple Measure of Gobbledygook.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 1.5159

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1.5159

text: A report by CSIRO Deputy Chief of Air Science, Dr Peter Manins, concluded the ambient air quality modelling undertaken for Lane Cove Tunnel was 'best practice'. The air quality modelling indicated that the Lane Cove Tunnel would comfortably meet the air quality requirements set by the Planning Minister's Conditions of Approval. Dr Manins also said most of the air quality modelling results were in fact likely to "over estimate emission and pollution levels".

text: A report by CSIRO Deputy Chief of Air Science, Dr Peter Manins, concluded the ambient air quality modelling undertaken for Lane Cove Tunnel was 'best practice'. The air quality modelling indicated that the Lane Cove Tunnel would comfortably meet the air quality requirements set by the Planning Minister's Conditions of Approval. Dr Manins also said most of the air quality modelling results were in fact likely to "over estimate emission and pollution levels".

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the purpose of the passage?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Lane Cove Tunnel

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution levels

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: "over estimate emission and pollution levels".

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "over estimate emission and pollution levels".

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "over estimate emission and pollution levels".

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Lane Cove Tunnel

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: emission and pollution levels".

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "over estimate emission and pollution levels".

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Lane Cove Tunnel

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: CSIRO Deputy Chief of Air Science, Dr Peter Manins,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: pollution levels".

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "over estimate emission and pollution levels".

text: The study of Indoor air quality and the health impact of such air quality is linked at least in part to microbes in the built environment since they can impact directly or indirectly indoor air quality.

text: The study of

text: Indoor air quality

text: and the health impact of such air quality is linked at least in part to microbes in the built environment since they can impact directly or indirectly indoor air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: microbes in the built environment

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: microbes in the built environment

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: microbes in the built environment

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The study of Indoor air quality

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: microbes in the built environment

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: microbes

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: microbes in the built environment

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: microbes

text: Currently, the locality presents serious pollution problems [1]. As a university city, and capital of the region, there is a large presence of private cars and transportation vehicles. Such vehicles are often second-hand and / or ought to be in disuse. In this way, air pollution is a major problem affecting the inhabitants of the area. In the area of Xalapa and Banderilla as well as in other municipalities of the state there have been numerous cases of people who have come to suffer from congenital (birth) diseases as well as health alterations linked to cancer. Similarly, a large name of inhabitants burn waste and debris affecting air quality causing even more pollution problems with consequences to the health of citizens. The lack of potable water in drought seasons as well as the lack of environmental education is a situation that generates serious problems to the inhabitants of Xalapa and the environs. Based on data from the Mexican Social Security Institute, there are evidences and registered cases of numerous people affected by Skin Cancer, Down Syndrome and Autism.

text: Currently, the locality presents serious pollution problems [1]. As a university city, and capital of the region, there is a large presence of private cars and transportation vehicles. Such vehicles are often second-hand and / or ought to be in disuse. In this way, air pollution is a major problem affecting the inhabitants of the area. In the area of Xalapa and Banderilla as well as in other municipalities of the state there have been numerous cases of people who have come to suffer from congenital (birth) diseases as well as health alterations linked to cancer. Similarly, a large name of inhabitants burn waste and debris affecting air quality causing even more pollution problems with consequences to the health of citizens. The lack of potable water in drought seasons as well as the lack of environmental education is a situation that generates serious problems to the inhabitants of Xalapa and the environs. Based on data from the Mexican Social Security Institute, there are evidences and registered cases of numerous people affected by Skin Cancer, Down Syndrome and Autism.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: drought seasons

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a major problem affecting the inhabitants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: private cars and transportation vehicles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: lack of water

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: burn waste and debris

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: drought seasons

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a major problem affecting the inhabitants of the area.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: a large name of inhabitants burn waste and debris

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Skin Cancer, Down Syndrome and Autism.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Xalapa

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollution problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Skin Cancer, Down Syndrome and Autism.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: a large presence of private cars and transportation vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: lack of potable water in drought seasons

text: On January 7, 2010, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced proposed revisions to the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for the pollutant ozone, the principal component of smog:

text: On January 7, 2010, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced proposed revisions to the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for the pollutant ozone, the principal component of smog:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: ozone,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2010,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog:

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2010,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: ozone,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog:

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: ozone,

text: The relation of Elective Affinity is an external relation between two Real Measures that is determined by their Quantitative aspects. In and of themselves, each Real Measure retains its Qualitative indifference to all others, even those it has Affinity for. Real Measures, however, are also subject to internal alteration akin to what has already been discussed in “Measure” above, i.e., that its Quality can be maintained only within a certain Quantitative range beyond which it undergoes a sudden “leap” into another Quality. These different Qualities form Nodes on a line of gradual Quantitative increase or decrease.

text: The relation of Elective Affinity is an external relation between two Real Measures that is determined by their Quantitative aspects. In and of themselves, each Real Measure retains its Qualitative indifference to all others, even those it has Affinity for. Real Measures, however, are also subject to internal alteration akin to what has already been discussed in “Measure” above, i.e., that its Quality can be maintained only within a certain Quantitative range beyond which it undergoes a sudden “leap” into another Quality. These different Qualities form Nodes on a line of gradual Quantitative increase or decrease.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Real Measure

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Quantitative range

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Quantitative

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: nodes

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Quantitative

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Quantitative aspects

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversions

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: each Real Measure retains its Qualitative indifference

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Elective Affinity

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Elective Affinity

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Elective Affinity

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The relation of Elective Affinity

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The relation of Elective Affinity

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Elective Affinity

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Elective Affinity

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Elective Affinity

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The relation of Elective Affinity

text: Incomplete combustion of petroleum or gasoline results in production of toxic byproducts. Too little oxygen results in carbon monoxide. Due to the high temperatures and high pressures involved, exhaust gases from gasoline combustion in car engines usually include nitrogen oxides which are responsible for creation of photochemical smog.

text: Incomplete combustion of petroleum or gasoline results in production of toxic byproducts. Too little oxygen results in

text: carbon monoxide

text: . Due to the high temperatures and high pressures involved, exhaust gases from gasoline combustion in car engines usually include

text: nitrogen oxide

text: s which are responsible for creation of

text: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high temperatures

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Incomplete combustion of petroleum or gasoline results in production of toxic byproducts.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: high temperatures and high pressures

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: carbon monoxide.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: photochemical smog.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Incomplete combustion of petroleum or gasoline results in production of toxic byproducts.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high temperatures and high pressures

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: nitrogen oxides

text: Real time monitoring data from continuous monitors are typically available as 1-hour averages. However, computation of the AQI for some pollutants requires averaging over multiple hours of data.  (For example, calculation of the ozone AQI requires computation of an 8-hour average and computation of the PM or PM AQI requires a 24-hour average.) To accurately reflect the current air quality, the multi-hour average used for the AQI computation should be centered on the current time, but as concentrations of future hours are unknown and are difficult to estimate accurately, EPA uses surrogate concentrations to estimate these multi-hour averages. For reporting the PM, PM and ozone air quality indices, this surrogate concentration is called the NowCast. The Nowcast is a particular type of weighted average that provides more weight to the most recent air quality data when air pollution levels are changing.

text: Real time monitoring data from continuous monitors are typically available as 1-hour averages. However, computation of the AQI for some pollutants requires averaging over multiple hours of data.  (For example, calculation of the ozone AQI requires computation of an 8-hour average and computation of the PM or PM AQI requires a 24-hour average.) To accurately reflect the current air quality, the multi-hour average used for the AQI computation should be centered on the current time, but as concentrations of future hours are unknown and are difficult to estimate accurately, EPA uses surrogate concentrations to estimate these multi-hour averages. For reporting the PM, PM and ozone air quality indices, this surrogate concentration is called the

text: NowCast

text: . The Nowcast is a particular type of weighted average that provides more weight to the most recent air quality data when air pollution levels are changing.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Nowcast

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What does the AQI stand for?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution levels are changing

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1-hour averages.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1-hour averages.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution levels are changing.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution levels are changing.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: PM, PM and ozone air quality indices,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1-hour averages.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Real time monitoring data from continuous monitors

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution levels are changing.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1-hour averages.

text: "The South Coast Air Quality Management District is the regional government agency responsible for air pollution control. AQMD regulations must be approved by the state Air Resources Board and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency."

text: "The South Coast Air Quality Management District is the regional government agency responsible for air pollution control. AQMD regulations must be approved by the state

text: Air Resources Board

text: and the

text: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution control

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: "The South Coast Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "The South Coast Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution control.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: "The South Coast Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency."

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "The South Coast Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution control.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: "The South Coast Air Quality Management District

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "The South Coast Air Quality Management District

text: Cardig Air currently has scheduled flights to Jakarta, Singapore, Balikpapan, and also to Jayapura and Wamena. In addition, Cardig Air has charter flights to various domestic and regional destinations. Cardig Air is listed in category 2 by Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority for airline safety quality.

text: Cardig Air currently has scheduled flights to Jakarta, Singapore, Balikpapan, and also to Jayapura and Wamena. In addition, Cardig Air has charter flights to various domestic and regional destinations. Cardig Air is listed in category 2 by Indonesian

text: Civil Aviation Authority

text: for airline safety quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: How many flights does Cardig Air have?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 2

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Cardig Air is listed in category 2

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Cardig Air

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 2

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Cardig Air

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Jayapura and Wamena.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Cardig Air

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 2

text: Bill Callahan (born June 3, 1966) is an American singer-songwriter and guitarist who has also recorded and performed under the band name Smog. Callahan began working in the lo-fi genre of underground rock, with home-made tape-albums recorded on four track tape recorders. Later he began releasing albums with the label Drag City, to which he remains signed today.

text: Bill Callahan (born June 3, 1966) is an American

text: singer-songwriter

text: and guitarist who has also recorded and performed under the band name Smog. Callahan began working in the

text: lo-fi

text: genre

text: of underground rock, with home-made tape-albums recorded on four track tape recorders. Later he began releasing albums with the label

text: Drag City

text: , to which he remains signed today.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Bill Callahan

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: lo-fi genre of underground rock,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Bill Callahan

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: four

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Smog.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog.

text: All released under the name "Smog" except those that mention otherwise.

text: All released under the name "Smog" except those that mention otherwise.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: "Smog"

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "Smog"

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "Smog"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: All released under the name "Smog"

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: All

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: All released under the name "Smog"

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "Smog"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "Smog"

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: All released under the name "Smog"

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: All released under the name "Smog"

text: The Air Pollution Control Act was the culmination of much research done on fuel emissions by the federal government in the 1930s and 1940s. Additional legislation was passed in 1963 to better fully define air quality criteria and give more power in defining what air quality was to the secretary of Health, Education, and Labor. This additional legislation would provide grants to both local and state agencies. A replacement, the United States Clean Air Act (CAA), was enacted to substitute the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955. A decade later the Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act was enacted to focus more specifically on automotive emission standards. A mere two years later, the Federal Air Quality Act was established to define "air quality control regions" scientifically based on topographical and meteorological facets of air pollution.

text: The Air Pollution Control Act was the culmination of much research done on fuel emissions by the federal government in the 1930s and 1940s. Additional legislation was passed in 1963 to better fully define air quality criteria and give more power in defining what air quality was to the secretary of Health, Education, and Labor. This additional legislation would provide grants to both local and state agencies. A replacement, the

text: United States Clean Air Act

text: (CAA), was enacted to substitute the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955. A decade later the

text: Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act

text: was enacted to focus more specifically on automotive emission standards. A mere two years later, the Federal Air Quality Act was established to define "air quality control regions" scientifically based on topographical and meteorological facets of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1930s and 1940s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: fuel emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fuel emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: topography

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: fuel emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1930s and 1940s.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: fuel emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fuel emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: United States Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air Pollution Control Act of 1955.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: topographical and meteorological facets of air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: United States Clean Air Act

text: Smog Check Operations, Engineering, Research, Administration

text: Smog Check Operations, Engineering, Research, Administration

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Science

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Administration

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog check operations

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Science/Tech

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Engineering

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog check operations

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog Check

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog Check

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Engineering, Research, Administration

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog Check Operations, Engineering, Research, Administration

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Smog Check Operations, Engineering, Research, Administration

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Smog Check

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog Check Operations, Engineering, Research, Administration

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog Check

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog Check Operations, Engineering, Research, Administration

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Smog Check Operations, Engineering, Research, Administration

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog Check Operations, Engineering, Research, Administration

text: The Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) is one of the laboratories in the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. It studies processes and develops models relating to climate and air quality, including the transport, dispersion, transformation and removal of pollutants from the ambient atmosphere. The emphasis of the ARL's work is on data interpretation, technology development and transfer. The specific goal of ARL research is to improve and eventually to institutionalize prediction of trends, dispersion of air pollutant plumes, air quality, atmospheric deposition, and related variables.

text: The

text: Air Resources Laboratory

text: (ARL) is one of the laboratories in the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. It studies processes and develops models relating to climate and air quality, including the transport,

text: dispersion

text: , transformation and removal of

text: pollutants

text: from the ambient atmosphere. The emphasis of the ARL's work is on data interpretation, technology development and transfer. The specific goal of ARL research is to improve and eventually to institutionalize prediction of trends, dispersion of

text: air pollutant plumes

text: air quality

text: , atmospheric deposition, and related variables.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It is impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What does the Air Resources Laboratory study?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The specific goal of the ARL research is to improve

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: transport, dispersion, transformation and removal of pollutants from the ambient atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate and air quality,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: transport, dispersion, transformation and removal of pollutants from the ambient atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollutants from the ambient atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air pollutant plumes,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Air Resources Laboratory

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollutants from the ambient atmosphere.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutant

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate and air quality,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: transport, dispersion, transformation and removal of pollutants from the ambient atmosphere.

text:
|-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|55 Wins (38 knockouts), 11 Losses (4 knockouts), 2 Draws|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Round
Time|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes|- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||55–11–2||align=left| Franklin Mamani|TD|3 (9)
2:55|2010–05–28|align=left| Coliseo Julio Borelli Viteritto,
La Paz, La Paz|align=left|For vacant WBA Fedebol
Welterweight title.|- align=center|Loss||55–11–1||align=left| Guillermo de Jesus Paz|UD|6|2009–09–11|align=left| Estado José María Gatica,
Villa Domínico, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss||55–10–1||align=left| Denis Shafikov|TD|6 (8)
0:28|2008–11–28|align=left| Hartwall Areena, Helsinki, Uusimaa|align=left||- align=center|Loss||55–9–1||align=left| Ionuţ Dan Ion|KO|3 (10)
1:45|2008–04–19|align=left| Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest|align=left|For WBA NABA
Light welterweight title.|- align=center|Win||55–8–1||align=left| Diego Ponce|KO|2 (8)
1:03|2007–10–27|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,
Caseros, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss||54–8–1||align=left| Souleymane M'baye|TKO|4 (12)|2006–09–02|align=left| Bolton Arena,
Bolton, Greater Manchester|align=left|For WBA Light welterweight title.|- align=center|Win||54–7–1||align=left| Jorge Luis Noriega Medrano|TKO|2 (12)
1:28|2005–12–02|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left|For WBA Fedelatin
Lightweight title.|- align=center|Win||53–7–1||align=left| Walter Diaz|TKO|6 (10)
0:31|2005–10–07|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left|Won WBA Fedelatin
Lightweight title.|- align=center|Win||52–7–1||align=left| Guillermo de Jesus Paz|UD|10|2005–09–03|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,
Caseros, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||51–7–1||align=left| Carlos Donquiz|KO|5 (10)
1:11|2005–05–26|align=left| Luna Park, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||50–7–1||align=left| Carlos Adán Jerez|UD|10|2005–04–30|align=left| Estadio Aldo Cantoni,
San Juan, San Juan|align=left||- align=center|Win||49–7–1||align=left| Norberto Acosta|KO|2 (8)
0:45|2005–03–12|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,
Caseros, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss||48–7–1||align=left| Jose Rosa Gomez|KO|8 (10)|2003–03–08|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,
Caseros, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss||48–6–1||align=left| Leonard Dorin|UD|12|2002–05–31|align=left| Polyvalent Hall, Bucharest|align=left|For WBA Lightweight title.|- align=center|Loss||48–5–1||align=left| Leonard Dorin|SD|12|2002–01–05|align=left| Freeman Coliseum,
San Antonio, Texas|align=left|Lost WBA Lightweight title.|- align=center|Win||48–4–1||align=left| Julien Lorcy|MD|12|2001–10–08|align=left| Palais des Sports, Paris|align=left|Won WBA Lightweight title.|- align=center|Win||47–4–1||align=left| Vincent Howard|KO|3 (10)|2001–07–14|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,
Caseros, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||46–4–1||align=left| Alberto Sicurella|TKO|10 (12)|2001–03–17|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,
Caseros, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||45–4–1||align=left| Justo Martinez|RTD|10 (12)|2000–08–26|align=left| Salon Tattersall,
San Isidro, Buenos Aires|align=left|For South American
Lightweight title.|- align=center|Win||44–4–1||align=left| Ariel Aparicio|KO|1 (10)|2000–06–08|align=left| San Justo, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||43–4–1||align=left| Walter Rodriguez|RTD|8 (12)|2000–04–22|align=left| Club Los Indios,
Moreno, Buenos Aires|align=left|Won South American
Lightweight title.|- align=center|Win||42–4–1||align=left| Ruben Oliva|TKO|5 (10)|1999–12–18|align=left| Club Argentino de Quilmes,
Quilmes, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||41–4–1||align=left| Santos Rebolledo|UD|12|1999–11–17|align=left| Hotel El Panamá,
Panama City, Panamá|align=left|Won WBA Fedelatin
Lightweight title.|- align=center|Win||40–4–1||align=left| Roberto Ortega|UD|10|1999–07–31|align=left| Villa Domínico, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||39–4–1||align=left| Luis Sosa|UD|10|1999–05–08|align=left| Club Argentino de Quilmes,
Quilmes, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||38–4–1||align=left| Jorge David Gomez|TKO|2 (10)
1:09|1999–02–26|align=left| Club Atlético Quilmes,
Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||37–4–1||align=left| Carlos Vilches|KO|2 (10)|1998–11–28|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||36–4–1||align=left| Ruben Oliva|PTS|8|1998–10–10|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||36–4||align=left| Hector Martinez|KO|1 (10)|1998–07–25|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||35–4||align=left| Daniel Zielinski|UD|10|1998–05–23|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||34–4||align=left| Marcelo Cesar|KO|1 (10)|1998–04–04|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||33–4||align=left| Victor Hugo Sanchez|TKO|2 (10)|1998–02–28|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||32–4||align=left| Angel Vera|KO|2 (10)|1998–01–24|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||31–4||align=left| Hector Martinez|TKO|4 (10)|1997–12–20|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss||30–4||align=left| Walter Rodriguez|SD|10|1997–11–22|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||30–3||align=left| Manuel Billalba|PTS|10|1997–10–04|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||29–3||align=left| Raul Cardenas|KO|3 (10)|1997–08–16|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||28–3||align=left| Victor Hugo Sanchez|DQ|5 (8)|1997–07–19|align=left| Villa Gesell, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||27–3||align=left| Angel Vera|RTD|7 (10)|1997–06–07|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||26–3||align=left| Ramon Collado|PTS|10|1997–05–10|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Loss||25–3||align=left| Artur Grigorian|TKO|11 (12)
1:10|1997–02–22|align=left| Sporthalle, Hamburg|align=left|For WBO Lightweight title.|- align=center|Win||25–2||align=left| Rildo Jose Oliveira|KO|2 (12)|1996–12–25|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left|Won WBO Latino Lightweight title.|- align=center|Loss||24–2||align=left| Alberto Roda|PTS|10|1996–08–17|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||24–1||align=left| Ramon Collado|RTD|5 (10)|1996–07–27|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||23–1||align=left| Manuel Billalba|PTS|10|1996–05–25|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||22–1||align=left| Sergio Atilio Martinez|TKO|8 (10)|1996–04–13|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||21–1||align=left| Ricardo Vega|KO|2 (10)|1996–03–09|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||20–1||align=left| Simon Canache|UD|12|1995–10–28|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left|For South American
Lightweight title.|- align=center|Loss||19–1||align=left| Manuel Billalba|PTS|10|1995–09–09|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||19–0||align=left| Philippe Binante|PTS|8|1995–07–25|align=left| Saint-Jean-de-Luz,
Pyrénées-Atlantiques|align=left||- align=center|Win||18–0||align=left| Faustino Martires Barrios|PTS|10|1995–07–15|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||17–0||align=left| Simon Canache|DQ|5 (12)|1995–06–03|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left|Won South American
Lightweight title.|- align=center|Win||16–0||align=left| Daniel Zielinski|TKO|5 (8)|1995–05–13|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||15–0||align=left| Pedro Villegas|TKO|3 (8)|1995–04–07|align=left| La Rioja, La Rioja|align=left||- align=center|Win||14–0||align=left| Ruben Astorga|KO|6 (8)|1995–04–01|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||13–0||align=left| Fabian Bazan|TKO|3 (8)|1995–03–03|align=left| La Rioja, La Rioja|align=left||- align=center|Win||12–0||align=left| Marco Antonio Dos Santos|TKO|2 (8)|1995–01–21|align=left| Canal 9 Studios, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||11–0||align=left| Rene Adelqui Collado|TKO|5 (8)|1994–12–28|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||10–0||align=left| Omar Victoriano Alegre|TKO|2 (8)|1994–12–03|align=left| Estadio Delmi, Salta, Salta|align=left||- align=center|Win||9–0||align=left| Daniel Zielinski|PTS|8|1994–11–19|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||8–0||align=left| Stephan Galtier|TKO|1 (8)|1994–10–01|align=left| Arena de Cosets,
Carpentras, Vaucluse|align=left||- align=center|Win||7–0||align=left| Marcelo Gutierrez|TKO|4 (6)|1994–08–27|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||6–0||align=left| Gustavo Cuello|KO|1 (6)
2:09|1994–07–02|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||5–0||align=left| Raul Notti|KO|1 (6)|1994–06–25|align=left| Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||4–0||align=left| Philippe Mohammed Udofe|KO|5 (6)|1994–05–21|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||3–0||align=left| Jorge Carballo|DQ|3 (6)|1994–04–21|align=left| Club Nolting,
Ciudadela, Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||2–0||align=left| Leonardo Tissera|KO|1 (6)|1993–12–04|align=left| Estadio F. A. B., Buenos Aires|align=left||- align=center|Win||1–0||align=left| Juan Bautista Sosa|KO|1 (6)|1993–11–19|align=left| Mercedes, Corrientes|align=left|

text:
|-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|55 Wins (38 knockouts), 11 Losses (4 knockouts), 2 Draws|-  style="text-align:center; background:#e3e3e3;"|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Res.|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Record|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Opponent|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Type|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Round
Time|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Date|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Location|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notes|- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||55–11–2||align=left| Franklin Mamani|TD|3 (9)
2:55|2010–05–28|align=left| Coliseo Julio Borelli Viteritto,

text: La Paz

text: La Paz

text: |align=left|For vacant

text: WBA Fedebol

text: <br>

text: Welterweight

text: title.|- align=center|Loss||55–11–1||align=left| Guillermo de Jesus Paz|UD|6|2009–09–11|align=left| Estado José María Gatica,<br>

text: Villa Domínico

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||55–10–1||align=left|

text: Denis Shafikov

text: |TD|6 (8)<br>0:28|2008–11–28|align=left|

text: Hartwall Areena

text: Helsinki

text: Uusimaa

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||55–9–1||align=left|

text: Ionuţ Dan Ion

text: |KO|3 (10)<br>1:45|2008–04–19|align=left|

text: Polyvalent Hall

text: Bucharest

text: |align=left|For

text: WBA NABA

text: <br>

text: Light welterweight

text:
title.|- align=center|Win||55–8–1||align=left| Diego Ponce|KO|2 (8)
1:03|2007–10–27|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,

text: Caseros

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||54–8–1||align=left|

text: Souleymane M'baye

text: |TKO|4 (12)|2006–09–02|align=left|

text: Bolton Arena

text: ,<br>

text: Bolton

text: Greater Manchester

text: |align=left|For

text: WBA

text: Light welterweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||54–7–1||align=left| Jorge Luis Noriega Medrano|TKO|2 (12)<br>1:28|2005–12–02|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|For

text: WBA Fedelatin

text: <br>

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||53–7–1||align=left| Walter Diaz|TKO|6 (10)<br>0:31|2005–10–07|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won

text: WBA Fedelatin

text: <br>

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||52–7–1||align=left| Guillermo de Jesus Paz|UD|10|2005–09–03|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,<br>

text: Caseros

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||51–7–1||align=left| Carlos Donquiz|KO|5 (10)<br>1:11|2005–05–26|align=left|

text: Luna Park

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||50–7–1||align=left|

text: Carlos Adán Jerez

text: |UD|10|2005–04–30|align=left| Estadio Aldo Cantoni,<br>

text: San Juan

text: San Juan

text:
|align=left||- align=center|Win||49–7–1||align=left| Norberto Acosta|KO|2 (8)
0:45|2005–03–12|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,

text: Caseros

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||48–7–1||align=left| Jose Rosa Gomez|KO|8 (10)|2003–03–08|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,<br>

text: Caseros

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||48–6–1||align=left|

text: Leonard Dorin

text: Polyvalent Hall

text: Bucharest

text: |align=left|For

text: WBA

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Loss||48–5–1||align=left|

text: Leonard Dorin

text: Freeman Coliseum

text: ,<br>

text: San Antonio

text: Texas

text: |align=left|Lost

text: WBA

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||48–4–1||align=left|

text: Julien Lorcy

text: Palais des Sports

text: Paris

text: |align=left|Won

text: WBA

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||47–4–1||align=left| Vincent Howard|KO|3 (10)|2001–07–14|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,<br>

text: Caseros

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||46–4–1||align=left| Alberto Sicurella|TKO|10 (12)|2001–03–17|align=left| Ce. De. M. No. 2,<br>

text: Caseros

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||45–4–1||align=left| Justo Martinez|RTD|10 (12)|2000–08–26|align=left| Salon Tattersall,<br>

text: San Isidro

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|For South American<br>

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||44–4–1||align=left| Ariel Aparicio|KO|1 (10)|2000–06–08|align=left|

text: San Justo

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||43–4–1||align=left| Walter Rodriguez|RTD|8 (12)|2000–04–22|align=left| Club Los Indios,<br>

text: Moreno

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won South American<br>

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||42–4–1||align=left| Ruben Oliva|TKO|5 (10)|1999–12–18|align=left| Club Argentino de Quilmes,<br>

text: Quilmes

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||41–4–1||align=left| Santos Rebolledo|UD|12|1999–11–17|align=left| Hotel El Panamá,<br>

text: Panama City

text: Panamá

text: |align=left|Won

text: WBA Fedelatin

text: <br>

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||40–4–1||align=left| Roberto Ortega|UD|10|1999–07–31|align=left|

text: Villa Domínico

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||39–4–1||align=left| Luis Sosa|UD|10|1999–05–08|align=left| Club Argentino de Quilmes,<br>

text: Quilmes

text: Buenos Aires

text:
|align=left||- align=center|Win||38–4–1||align=left| Jorge David Gomez|TKO|2 (10)
1:09|1999–02–26|align=left| Club Atlético Quilmes,

text: Mar del Plata

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||37–4–1||align=left| Carlos Vilches|KO|2 (10)|1998–11–28|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|style="background:#abcdef;"|Draw||36–4–1||align=left| Ruben Oliva|PTS|8|1998–10–10|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||36–4||align=left| Hector Martinez|KO|1 (10)|1998–07–25|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||35–4||align=left| Daniel Zielinski|UD|10|1998–05–23|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||34–4||align=left| Marcelo Cesar|KO|1 (10)|1998–04–04|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||33–4||align=left| Victor Hugo Sanchez|TKO|2 (10)|1998–02–28|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||32–4||align=left| Angel Vera|KO|2 (10)|1998–01–24|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||31–4||align=left| Hector Martinez|TKO|4 (10)|1997–12–20|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||30–4||align=left| Walter Rodriguez|SD|10|1997–11–22|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||30–3||align=left| Manuel Billalba|PTS|10|1997–10–04|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||29–3||align=left| Raul Cardenas|KO|3 (10)|1997–08–16|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||28–3||align=left| Victor Hugo Sanchez|DQ|5 (8)|1997–07–19|align=left|

text: Villa Gesell

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||27–3||align=left| Angel Vera|RTD|7 (10)|1997–06–07|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||26–3||align=left| Ramon Collado|PTS|10|1997–05–10|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Loss||25–3||align=left|

text: Artur Grigorian

text: |TKO|11 (12)<br>1:10|1997–02–22|align=left|

text: Sporthalle

text: Hamburg

text: |align=left|For

text: WBO

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||25–2||align=left| Rildo Jose Oliveira|KO|2 (12)|1996–12–25|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won

text: WBO Latino

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Loss||24–2||align=left| Alberto Roda|PTS|10|1996–08–17|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||24–1||align=left| Ramon Collado|RTD|5 (10)|1996–07–27|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||23–1||align=left| Manuel Billalba|PTS|10|1996–05–25|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||22–1||align=left| Sergio Atilio Martinez|TKO|8 (10)|1996–04–13|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||21–1||align=left| Ricardo Vega|KO|2 (10)|1996–03–09|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||20–1||align=left| Simon Canache|UD|12|1995–10–28|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|For South American<br>

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Loss||19–1||align=left| Manuel Billalba|PTS|10|1995–09–09|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||19–0||align=left| Philippe Binante|PTS|8|1995–07–25|align=left|

text: Saint-Jean-de-Luz

text: ,<br>

text: Pyrénées-Atlantiques

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||18–0||align=left| Faustino Martires Barrios|PTS|10|1995–07–15|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||17–0||align=left| Simon Canache|DQ|5 (12)|1995–06–03|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left|Won South American<br>

text: Lightweight

text: title.|- align=center|Win||16–0||align=left| Daniel Zielinski|TKO|5 (8)|1995–05–13|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||15–0||align=left| Pedro Villegas|TKO|3 (8)|1995–04–07|align=left|

text: La Rioja

text: La Rioja

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||14–0||align=left| Ruben Astorga|KO|6 (8)|1995–04–01|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||13–0||align=left| Fabian Bazan|TKO|3 (8)|1995–03–03|align=left|

text: La Rioja

text: La Rioja

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||12–0||align=left| Marco Antonio Dos Santos|TKO|2 (8)|1995–01–21|align=left|

text: Canal 9

text: Studios,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||11–0||align=left| Rene Adelqui Collado|TKO|5 (8)|1994–12–28|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||10–0||align=left| Omar Victoriano Alegre|TKO|2 (8)|1994–12–03|align=left| Estadio Delmi,

text: Salta

text: Salta

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||9–0||align=left| Daniel Zielinski|PTS|8|1994–11–19|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||8–0||align=left| Stephan Galtier|TKO|1 (8)|1994–10–01|align=left| Arena de Cosets,<br>

text: Carpentras

text: Vaucluse

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||7–0||align=left| Marcelo Gutierrez|TKO|4 (6)|1994–08–27|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||6–0||align=left| Gustavo Cuello|KO|1 (6)<br>2:09|1994–07–02|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||5–0||align=left| Raul Notti|KO|1 (6)|1994–06–25|align=left|

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||4–0||align=left| Philippe Mohammed Udofe|KO|5 (6)|1994–05–21|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||3–0||align=left| Jorge Carballo|DQ|3 (6)|1994–04–21|align=left| Club Nolting,<br>

text: Ciudadela

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||2–0||align=left| Leonardo Tissera|KO|1 (6)|1993–12–04|align=left| Estadio F. A. B.,

text: Buenos Aires

text: |align=left||- align=center|Win||1–0||align=left| Juan Bautista Sosa|KO|1 (6)|1993–11–19|align=left|

text: Mercedes

text: Corrientes

text: |align=left|

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: all air pollutants are human-made

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: br>

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: As of 2013, the Clean Air Act regulates this many pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: |-| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"| Most of the smoggiest cities in the United States were in California.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: clean air act of 1970

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: |- align=center|W

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 11 Losses (4 knockouts), 2 Draws|-

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: br>0:28|2008–11–28|align=left|

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Buenos Aires|align=left||-

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: align=center|Loss||55–11–1||align=left|

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: align=center|Loss||55

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 11 Losses (4 knockouts), 2 Draws|-

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Franklin Mamani|TD|3

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Denis Shafikov|TD|6

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 2 Draws|-

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Denis Shafikov|TD|6

text: In the 1960s Gladys Aller, now known as Gladys Farber, became politically active, starting with "SOS - Stamp Out Smog" which led to the Clean Air Act. She was one of the original members of Women Strike for Peace working for nuclear disarmament and the Test Ban Treaty. She helped organize, and traveled on, a trip to the Soviet Union in the midst of the Cold War which they called "Women's Peace Plane to Moscow" in 1963. She subsequently became active in the anti-Vietnam War movement.

text: In the 1960s Gladys Aller, now known as Gladys Farber, became politically active, starting with "SOS - Stamp Out Smog" which led to the Clean Air Act. She was one of the original members of

text: Women Strike for Peace

text: working for nuclear disarmament and the Test Ban Treaty. She helped organize, and traveled on, a trip to the Soviet Union in the midst of the Cold War which they called "Women's Peace Plane to Moscow" in 1963. She subsequently became active in the anti-Vietnam War movement.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Cold War

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nuclear disarmament

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Gladys Aller

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smog"

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Cold War

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Test Ban Treaty.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "SOS - Stamp Out Smog"

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "SOS - Stamp Out Smog"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smog"

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act.

text: Teacher qualifications include a range of variables affecting teacher quality, including: type of teaching certification, undergraduate major or minor, undergraduate institution, advanced degree(s) or certifications (such as certification through the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards), type of preparation program (traditional or alternate route), test scores (various subject matter, licensure, or verbal skills tests), and years of teaching experience.  In many countries, teaching credentials represent the main measure of teacher quality. In the United States, one goal of the No Child Left Behind law is to ensure that all teachers meet state-defined standards of highly qualified teachers. Demographic characteristics such as a teacher's gender, race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic background may also be characterized as elements of teacher quality as variables impacting student outcomes. These indicators of teacher quality are relatively straightforward to ascertain, as opposed to the student achievement and teacher observation measures described below.

text: Teacher qualifications include a range of variables affecting teacher quality, including: type of teaching certification, undergraduate major or minor, undergraduate institution, advanced degree(s) or certifications (such as certification through the

entity_name: National Board for Professional Teaching Standards

text: National Board for Professional Teaching Standards

text: ), type of preparation program (traditional or alternate route), test scores (various subject matter, licensure, or verbal skills tests), and years of teaching experience.  In many countries, teaching credentials represent the main measure of teacher quality. In the United States, one goal of the

text: No Child Left Behind

text: law is to ensure that all teachers meet state-defined standards of

text: highly qualified teachers

text: . Demographic characteristics such as a teacher's gender, race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic background may also be characterized as elements of teacher quality as variables impacting student outcomes. These indicators of teacher quality are relatively straightforward to ascertain, as opposed to the student achievement and teacher observation measures described below.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the main measure of teacher quality?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: No Child Left Behind law

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: No Child Left Behind

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: teaching credentials represent the main measure of teacher quality. In the United States,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: No Child Left Behind law

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Teacher qualifications include a range of variables affecting teacher quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: No Child Left Behind law

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: No Child Left Behind

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Teacher qualifications

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: No Child Left Behind

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: National Board for Professional Teaching Standards),

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: No Child Left Behind law

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: teaching credentials represent the main measure of teacher quality. In the United States,

text: In a container on the summit is one of the 25 monitoring sites in the Lower Saxony air quality monitoring network (:de:Lufthygienisches Überwachungssystem Niedersachsen).

text: In a container on the summit is one of the 25 monitoring sites in the Lower Saxony

text: air quality

text: monitoring network (

text: :de:Lufthygienisches Überwachungssystem Niedersachsen

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Lower Saxony

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 25 monitoring sites in the Lower Saxony air quality monitoring network

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 25 monitoring sites in the Lower Saxony air quality monitoring network

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Lower Saxony air quality monitoring network

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 25

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 25 monitoring sites in the Lower Saxony air quality monitoring network

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality monitoring network

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Lower Saxony air quality monitoring network

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality monitoring network

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Lower Saxony air quality monitoring network

text: The Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act is a 1965 amendment to the U.S. Clean Air Act of 1963. The amendment set the first federal vehicle emissions standards, beginning with the 1968 models. These standards were reductions from the 1963 emissions: 72% reduction for hydrocarbons, 56% reduction for carbon monoxide, and 100% reduction for crankcase hydrocarbons.  The impact the regulatory standards will have on air quality in the future, as well as the potential characteristics of the vehicle fleet can be analyzed with the use of roadway air dispersion models.

text: The Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act is a 1965 amendment to the U.S.

text: Clean Air Act

text: of 1963. The amendment set the first federal

text: vehicle emissions

text: standards, beginning with the 1968 models. These standards were reductions from the 1963 emissions: 72% reduction for

text: hydrocarbon

text: s, 56% reduction for

text: carbon monoxide

text: , and 100% reduction for crankcase hydrocarbons.  The impact the regulatory standards will have on air quality in the future, as well as the potential characteristics of the vehicle fleet can be analyzed with the use of

text: roadway air dispersion model

text: s.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: emissions standards

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1963

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: hydrocarbons

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1968

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 100% reduction for crankcase hydrocarbons.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1963.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: crankcase hydrocarbons.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act

text: Air quality continues to be a major problem in the UK. The Government’s Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollution (COMEAP) estimates that approximately 24,000 deaths per year are advanced due to the effects of “normal” UK concentrations of air pollution.  In hot years such as 2003 this figure may have been even larger. EPUK founded and launched the Healthy Air Campaign in 2011 - now being co-ordinated by Client Earth. Air pollution remains a significant health threat - with the UK  facing the threat of fines from the EU for breaching air quality guidelines - so the work of the EPUK air quality committee remains crucial.

text: Air quality continues to be a major problem in the UK. The Government’s

text: Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollution

text: (COMEAP) estimates that approximately 24,000 deaths per year are advanced due to the effects of “normal” UK concentrations of air pollution.  In hot years such as 2003 this figure may have been even larger. EPUK founded and launched the Healthy Air Campaign in 2011 - now being co-ordinated by Client Earth. Air pollution remains a significant health threat - with the UK  facing the threat of fines from the EU for breaching air quality guidelines - so the work of the EPUK air quality committee remains crucial.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2003

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a significant health threat

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hot summers

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Government’s Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: hot years such as 2003

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a significant health threat

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 24,000 deaths per year

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Government’s Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Government’s Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: hot years

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: hot years

text: The Olympic Games can affect water quality in the surrounding region in several ways, including water runoff and the transfer of polluting substances from the air to water sources through rainfall. Harmful particulates come from both natural substances (such as plant matter crushed by higher volumes of pedestrian and vehicle traffic) and man-made substances (such as exhaust from vehicles or industry). Contaminants from these two categories lead to elevated amounts of toxins in street dust. Street dust then reaches water sources through runoff, facilitating the transfer of toxins to environments and communities that rely on these water sources. For example, one method of measuring the runoff contamination of water sources involves magnetism. Magnetism measurement systems allow specialists to measure the differences in mineral magnetic parameters in samples of water, air, and vegetation. Unlike traditional methods of measuring pollutants, magnetism is relatively inexpensive, and can identify smaller particle sizes.Another method used to assess the amount and effects of water pollutants is to measure the amount of PM2.5 in rainfall. Measuring PM2.5 (the amount of aerodynamic diameter of particle≤2.5 μm in a given amount of air) is a common metric for assessing air quality. Comparing PM2.5 levels between air and rainfall samples allows scientists to determine the amount of air pollution being transferred to water sources. Pollutants in rainfall quickly and directly affect pollution in groundwater sources. In 2013, researchers in Beijing found a significant relationship between the amount of PM2.5 concentrations in the air and in rainfall. Studies showed that rainfall had a significant “washing” effect on PM2.5 in the air, transferring a large portion of these pollutants from the air to water sources. In this way, Beijing’s notorious air pollution has a direct and significant impact on rainfall, and therefore, on water resources throughout the region.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Olympic Games

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Harmful particulates

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Olympic Games

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Olympic Games

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: PM2.5

text: Hemmed in by mountains and rarely having strong winds to disperse smog, the San Joaquin Valley has long suffered from some of the United States' worst air pollution. This pollution, exacerbated by stagnant weather, comes mainly from diesel and gasoline fueled vehicles and agricultural operations. Population growth has caused the San Joaquin Valley to rank with Los Angeles and Houston in most measures of air pollution. Only the Inland Empire region east of Los Angeles has worse overall air quality, and the San Joaquin Valley led the nation in 2004 in the number of days with quantities of ozone considered unhealthy by the Environmental Protection Agency. Although industrial activity, as well as driving, occurs year-round, the air pollution is worse in the winter.

text: Hemmed in by mountains and rarely having strong winds to disperse

text: smog

text: , the San Joaquin Valley has long suffered from some of the United States' worst

text: air pollution

text: . This pollution, exacerbated by stagnant weather, comes mainly from

text: diesel

text: and

text: gasoline

text: fueled vehicles and agricultural operations. Population growth has caused the San Joaquin Valley to rank with

text: Los Angeles

text: and

text: Houston

text: in most measures of air pollution. Only the

text: Inland Empire

text: region east of Los Angeles has worse overall air quality, and the San Joaquin Valley led the nation in 2004 in the number of days with quantities of

text: ozone

text: considered unhealthy by the

text: Environmental Protection Agency

text: . Although industrial activity, as well as driving, occurs year-round, the air pollution is worse in the winter.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: population growth

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is worse in the winter?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: diesel and gasoline

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: mountains and rarely having strong winds

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: diesel and gasoline fueled vehicles and agricultural operations.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Population growth

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: worse in the winter.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: diesel and gasoline fueled vehicles and agricultural operations.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: ozone considered unhealthy by the Environmental Protection Agency.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles and Houston

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: diesel and gasoline fueled vehicles and agricultural operations.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: stagnant weather,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: the air pollution is worse in the winter.

text: Increases in rates of asthma have occurred despite improvements in air quality produced by the passage and enforcement of clean air legislation, such as both the Clean Air Act of 1963 and the Clean Air Act of 1990 in the United States.  In other words, existing legislation and regulation have not kept pace with changing climatic conditions and their health consequences.  Compounding the problem of air quality is the fact that air-borne pollens have been found to attach themselves to diesel particles from truck or other vehicular exhaust floating in the air, resulting in heightened rates of asthma in areas where busy roads bisect densely populated areas, most notably in poorer inner city areas. Research by the American Cancer Society found that a six percent increase in cardiopulmonary deaths occurs for every elevation of 10 μg/m3 in particulate matter concentration in the air.  Exhaust from the burning of diesel fuel is a complex mixture of vapors, gases, and fine particles, including over 40 known pollutants like nitrogen oxide and known or suspected carcinogenic substances such as benzene, arsenic, and formaldehyde.  Exposure to diesel exhaust irritates the eyes, nose, throat and lungs, causing coughs, headaches, light headedness and nausea, while causing people with allergies to be more susceptible allergy triggers like dust or pollen. Many particles in disease fuel are so tiny they are able to penetrate deep into the lungs when inhaled.  Importantly, diesel fuel particles appear to have even greater immunologic effects in the presence of environmental allergens than they do alone.  According to Robert Pandya and co-workers who are studying the role of diesel fuel in asthma, "This immunologic evidence may help explain the epidemiologic studies indicating that children living along major trucking thoroughfares are at increased risk for asthmatic and allergic symptoms and are more likely to have objective evidence of respiratory dysfunction."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: benzene

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: poorer inner city

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: diesel fuel

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: diesel

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: irritates the eyes, nose, throat and lungs,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: diesel exhaust

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 40

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: diesel exhaust

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: dehyde.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: formaldehyde.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: busy roads bisect densely populated areas,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: diesel exhaust

text: Some stories gained more attention. For example, as the air quality declined in Mexico City, The News ran more stories about the smog's impact on the population. This type of reporting, as well as the occasional business piece, earned some respect for the tabloid. The large diplomatic corp in Mexico City read the English-language daily carefully and many embassies used clippings in their reports back to their respective home countries.

text: Some stories gained more attention. For example, as the air quality declined in Mexico City, The News ran more stories about the smog's impact on the population. This type of reporting, as well as the occasional business piece, earned some respect for the tabloid. The large diplomatic corp in Mexico City read the English-language daily carefully and many embassies used clippings in their reports back to their respective home countries.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the air quality declined in Mexico City

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog's

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: as the air quality declined in Mexico City,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog's

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality declined in Mexico City,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air quality declined in Mexico City,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Mexico City,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the air quality declined in Mexico City,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog's

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air quality declined in Mexico City,

text: Data collection processes may include monitoring ambient air for the presence of pollutants, directly monitoring emissions sources, or collecting other quantitative information from which air quality information may be deduced. For example, local agencies may employ a particulate matter sampler to determine ambient air quality in a locality over time. Fossil power plants may required to monitor emissions at a flue-gas stack to determine quantities of relevant pollutants emitted. Automobile manufacturers may be required to collect data regarding car sales, which, when combined with technical specifications regarding fuel consumption and efficiency, may be used to estimate total vehicle emissions. In each case, data collection may be short- or long-term, and at varying frequency (e.g., hourly, daily).

text: Data collection processes may include

text: monitoring ambient air

text: for the presence of pollutants, directly monitoring emissions sources, or collecting other quantitative information from which air quality information may be deduced. For example, local agencies may employ a

text: particulate matter sampler

text: to determine ambient air quality in a locality over time. Fossil power plants may required to monitor emissions at a

text: flue-gas stack

text: to determine quantities of relevant pollutants emitted. Automobile manufacturers may be required to collect data regarding car sales, which, when combined with technical specifications regarding fuel consumption and efficiency, may be used to estimate total vehicle emissions. In each case, data collection may be short- or long-term, and at varying frequency (e.g., hourly, daily).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: long-term

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Monitoring ambient air for the presence of pollutants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fossil power plants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: data collection

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Data collection processes may include monitoring ambient air for the presence of pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: flue-gas stack

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Data collection processes may include monitoring ambient air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Fossil power plants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: total vehicle emissions.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Data collection processes may include monitoring ambient air for the presence of pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Data collection processes may include monitoring ambient air for the presence of pollutants,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Data collection processes may include monitoring ambient air for the presence of pollutants,

text: Due to the diversified terrain, numerous distinct microclimates exist. Nevertheless, the average amount of sunshine hours is the highest of all states in Austria. In autumn and winter, temperature inversion often dominates the climate, characterized by air stillness, a dense fog covering the frosty valleys and trapping pollution to form smog, while mild sunny weather is recorded higher up in the foothills and mountains.

text: Due to the diversified

text: terrain

text: , numerous distinct

text: microclimates

text: exist. Nevertheless, the average amount of sunshine hours is the highest of all states in Austria. In autumn and winter, temperature

text: inversion

text: often dominates the climate, characterized by air stillness, a dense

text: fog

text: covering the frosty valleys and trapping pollution to form

text: smog

text: , while mild sunny weather is recorded higher up in the foothills and mountains.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate inversion

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: temperature inversion

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: temperature inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: temperature inversion

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: average amount of sunshine hours is the highest of all states in Austria.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollution to form smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: temperature inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: a dense fog covering the frosty valleys

text: Usually in May and June, air quality in Hefei diminishes. The city is blanketed by smog caused by the smoke generated as farmers outside the city burn their fields in preparation for planting the next crop. A dense wave of smog began in Hefei surrounding Anhui as well as other Chinese major cities including Shanghai and Tianjin.

text: Usually in May and June, air quality in Hefei diminishes. The city is blanketed by smog caused by the smoke generated as farmers outside the city burn their fields in preparation for planting the next crop. A dense wave of smog began in Hefei surrounding Anhui as well as other Chinese major cities including Shanghai and Tianjin.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Hefei

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: uncontrolled burning

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog caused by the smoke generated as farmers outside the city burn their fields

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: farmers outside the city burn their fields in preparation for planting the next crop.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: farmers outside the city burn their fields

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: May and June, air quality in Hefei diminishes.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Shanghai and Tianjin.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: farmers outside the city burn their fields in preparation for planting the next crop.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: May and June,

text: This very diverse region boasts  alpine peaks, the largest high elevation lake in North America, mountain deserts, the highest concentration of geo-thermal features in the world, and is home to the complete array of animal species that were present in pre-historic times. Additionally, there are permittees that operate three major ski resorts, a commercial airport, large concessioner operations, and dozens of tour guides and outfitters that provide visitor services. Collectively, the area accommodates over seven million visitors annually. Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks are Mandatory Class 1 Areas, as defined by the 1977 Clean Air Act. These areas are subject to anti-degradation practices to maintain their status and protect them from impairment created by manmade air pollution. Notably, the GYA achieved a Clean Cities designation in 2002 as the Yellowstone-Teton Clean Energy Coalition, the only ecosystem to receive such recognition.

text: This very diverse region boasts  alpine peaks, the largest high elevation lake in North America, mountain deserts, the highest concentration of geo-thermal features in the world, and is home to the complete array of animal species that were present in pre-historic times. Additionally, there are permittees that operate three major ski resorts, a commercial airport, large concessioner operations, and dozens of tour guides and outfitters that provide visitor services. Collectively, the area accommodates over seven million visitors annually. Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks are Mandatory Class 1 Areas, as defined by the

text: 1977 Clean Air Act

text: . These areas are subject to anti-degradation practices to maintain their status and protect them from impairment created by manmade air pollution. Notably, the GYA achieved a Clean Cities designation in 2002 as the Yellowstone-Teton Clean Energy Coalition, the only ecosystem to receive such recognition.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: manmade

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: manmade air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: manmade air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: manmade air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1977 Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: manmade

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: manmade air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1977

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Grand Teton

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: manmade air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1977 Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: manmade air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Grand Teton

text: First Open where introduced from 1951 with the first 3 for the midland region being the only Mk1 FO having no centre door seating 42 in 2+1 a format. Second batch 3003-19 built from 1954 had a centre door in with the centre seating bay. This split the middle window into two thin panes with the door in between. From 3020 have a separate centre vestibule with the and having a reduced width bays along with a centre vestibule and doors while still seating 42 in 2+1 format. BR1 type bogies were fitted as standard except 3076-3080 were a test bach built with Commonwealth bogies to improve ride quality. In 1961 changes were made to improve ride quality by replacing the BR1 bogie which quality which became bad after some use, 3101 - 3151 being built with commonwealth type bogie which became standard for a time, with the weight increasing by 5 tons. BR1 and commonwealth bogies usually run at a maximum of . Later B4 bogies were fitted to further improve ride quality with a maximum of . Fitted with Pullman gangways on standard 64 ft frames and fitted with buck-eye couplers as standard. Buck-eye couplers can be dropped and buffers extended to allow use of screw coupling fitted locomotives. Vacuum brakes and steam heating were fitted as standard with a number of Mk1 FO where later fitted with air brakes in the late 60's to 70's with some still retaining vacuum brakes and a number being dual braked (air and vacuum).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960's

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the most common cause of air pollution?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air brakes in the late 60's to 70's

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: late 60's to 70's

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Mk1 FO where later fitted with air brakes

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air brakes in the late 60's to 70's

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: a maximum of.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: (air

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: BR1 bogie which quality which became bad after some use,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: buck-eye couplers

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: midland region

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air brakes in the late 60's to 70's

text: The Ministry of Environment of South Korea uses the Comprehensive Air-quality Index (CAI) to describe the ambient air quality based on the health risks of air pollution. The index aims to help the public easily understand the air quality and protect people's health. The CAI is on a scale from 0 to 500, which is divided into six categories. The higher the CAI value, the greater the level of air pollution.Of values of the five air pollutants, the highest is the CAI value. The index also has associated health effects and a colour representation of the categories as shown below.

text: The Ministry of Environment of South Korea uses the Comprehensive Air-quality Index (CAI) to describe the ambient air quality based on the health risks of air pollution. The index aims to help the public easily understand the air quality and protect people's health. The CAI is on a scale from 0 to 500, which is divided into six categories. The higher the CAI value, the greater the level of air pollution.Of values of the five air pollutants, the highest is the CAI value. The index also has associated health effects and a colour representation of the categories as shown below.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the highest CAI value?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: five

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: South Korea

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: health risks

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: five

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 0 to 500,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: five

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Comprehensive Air-quality Index

text: BAAQMD oversees regional data on air pollution and has the authority to declare Spare the Air Days, when residents should take extra precautions when going outside and may be prohibited from engaging in activities such as burning.  511 Contra Costa built an RSS feed using these data, and released an iPhone application to alert people with allergies or  other environmental sensitivities about air quality alerts.

text: BAAQMD oversees regional data on air pollution and has the authority to declare

text: Spare the Air

text: Days, when residents should take extra precautions when going outside and may be prohibited from engaging in activities such as burning.

text: 511 Contra Costa

text: built an

text: RSS

text: feed using these data, and released an

text: iPhone

text: application to alert people with allergies or  other environmental sensitivities about air quality alerts.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What does the BAAQMD oversee?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: burning

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Spare the Air Days,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Spare the Air Days,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: BAAQMD oversees regional data on air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: burning.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Spare the Air Days,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Spare the Air Days,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: burning.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Spare the Air Days,

text: Junction 28 of the M5 lies within the parish of Cullompton and a short distance from the town centre. Other major road links are the A373 to Honiton and the former A38 to Exeter which runs through the town, and is now the B3181. In 2001 61.6% of people living in Cullompton travelled to work by car or van and 83% of households had at least one car. In October 1969 a bypass was completed but after only five years this was upgraded to form part of the M5. Since this time traffic coming from the south of Cullompton to the M5 junction has had to pass through the centre of the town. There are now problems with air quality in the town and Mid Devon District Council have made the whole of the built up area in Cullompton an Air quality management area. Traffic on the exit slip road leaving the M5 northbound often backed up onto the motorway, so the Highways Agency and Devon County Council made junction improvements by widening roads, introducing traffic lights and reopening the left hand lane of the northbound slip road, at a cost of £1.3m. This cost was covered by businesses moving to Cullompton.

text: Junction 28 of the M5 lies within the parish of Cullompton and a short distance from the town centre. Other major road links are the A373 to

text: Honiton

text: and the former

text: to Exeter which runs through the town, and is now the B3181. In 2001 61.6% of people living in Cullompton travelled to work by car or van and 83% of households had at least one car. In October 1969 a

text: bypass

text: was completed but after only five years this was upgraded to form part of the M5. Since this time traffic coming from the south of Cullompton to the M5 junction has had to pass through the centre of the town. There are now problems with air quality in the town and Mid Devon District Council have made the whole of the built up area in Cullompton an

text: Air quality management area

text: . Traffic on the exit

text: slip road

text: leaving the M5 northbound often backed up onto the motorway, so the

text: Highways Agency

text: and Devon County Council made junction improvements by widening roads, introducing traffic lights and reopening the left hand lane of the northbound slip road, at a cost of £1.3m. This cost was covered by businesses moving to Cullompton.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: How would you describe Cullompton?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: problems with air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air quality management area.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air quality management area.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: problems with air quality in the town

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air quality management area.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 61.6%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: M5 lies within the parish of Cullompton

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: problems with air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air quality management area.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air quality management area.

text: A symmetric, informationally complete, positive operator valued measure (SIC-POVM) is a special case of a generalized measurement on a Hilbert space, used in the field of quantum mechanics. A measurement of the prescribed form satisfies certain defining qualities that makes it an interesting candidate for a "standard quantum measurement," utilized in the study of foundational quantum mechanics. Furthermore, it has been shown that applications exist in quantum state tomography and quantum cryptography.

text: A symmetric, informationally complete, positive operator valued measure (SIC-

text: POVM

text: ) is a special case of a generalized

text: measurement

text: on a

text: Hilbert space

text: , used in the field of

text: quantum mechanics

text: . A measurement of the prescribed form satisfies certain defining qualities that makes it an interesting candidate for a "standard quantum measurement," utilized in the study of foundational quantum mechanics. Furthermore, it has been shown that applications exist in

text: quantum state tomography

text: and

text: quantum cryptography

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: SIC-POVM

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: quantum mechanics.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: quantum mechanics.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: quantum mechanics.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: quantum mechanics.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: A symmetric, informationally complete, positive operator valued measure

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: A symmetric, informationally complete, positive operator valued measure

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: A symmetric, informationally complete, positive operator valued measure

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: A symmetric, informationally complete, positive operator valued measure

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: quantum mechanics.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: quantum mechanics.

text: Normally, the effect of air buoyancy on objects of normal density is too small to be of any consequence in day-to-day activities.  For instance, buoyancy’s diminishing effect upon one’s body weight (a relatively low-density object) is  that of gravity (for pure water it is about  that of gravity). Furthermore, variations in barometric pressure will rarely affect one’s weight more than ±1 part in 30,000. However, in metrology (the science of measurement), the precision mass standards for calibrating laboratory scales and balances are manufactured with such accuracy that air density is accounted for to compensate for buoyancy effects. Given the extremely high cost of platinum-iridium mass standards like the International Prototype Kilogram (the mass standard in France that defines the magnitude of the kilogram), high-quality "working" standards are made of special stainless steel alloys with densities of about 8,000 kg/m, which occupy greater volume than those made of platinum-iridium, which have a density of about 21,550 kg/m. For convenience, a standard value of buoyancy relative to stainless steel was developed for metrology work and this results in the term "conventional mass". Conventional mass is defined as follows: "For a mass at 20 °C, ‘conventional mass’ is the mass of a reference standard of density 8,000 kg/m which it balances in air with a density of 1.2 kg/m." The effect is a small one, 150 ppm for stainless steel mass standards, but the appropriate corrections are made during the manufacture of all precision mass standards so they have the true labeled mass.

text: Normally, the effect of air buoyancy on objects of normal

text: density

text: is too small to be of any consequence in day-to-day activities.  For instance, buoyancy’s diminishing effect upon one’s body weight (a relatively low-density object) is  that of gravity (for pure water it is about  that of gravity). Furthermore, variations in barometric pressure will rarely affect one’s weight more than ±1 part in 30,000. However, in

text: metrology

text: (the science of measurement), the precision mass standards for calibrating laboratory scales and balances are manufactured with such accuracy that air density is accounted for to compensate for buoyancy effects. Given the extremely high cost of

text: platinum

text: iridium

text: mass standards like the

text: International Prototype Kilogram

text: (the mass standard in France that defines the magnitude of the kilogram), high-quality "working" standards are made of special

text: stainless steel

text: alloys with densities of about 8,000 kg/m, which occupy greater volume than those made of platinum-iridium, which have a density of about 21,550 kg/m. For convenience, a standard value of buoyancy relative to stainless steel was developed for metrology work and this results in the term "conventional mass". Conventional mass is defined as follows: "For a mass at 20 °C, ‘conventional mass’ is the mass of a reference standard of density 8,000 kg/m which it balances in air with a density of 1.2 kg/m." The effect is a small one, 150

text: ppm

text: for stainless steel mass standards, but the appropriate corrections are made during the manufacture of all precision mass standards so they have the true labeled mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the cause of air pollution?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air buoyancy

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: high cost of platinum-iridium mass standards

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air density

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Normally, the effect of air buoyancy

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "conventional mass".

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air buoyancy

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air buoyancy

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1 part in 30,000.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 21,550 kg/m.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air buoyancy

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: platinum-iridium

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Normally, the effect of air buoyancy

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 8,000 kg/m

text: Indoor air pollution and urban air quality are listed as two of the world's worst toxic pollution problems in the 2008 Blacksmith Institute World's Worst Polluted Places report. According to the 2014 WHO report, air pollution in 2012 caused the deaths of around 7 million people worldwide, an estimate roughly matched by the International Energy Agency.

text: Indoor air pollution and urban air quality are listed as two of the world's worst toxic pollution problems in the 2008

text: Blacksmith Institute

text: World's Worst Polluted Places report. According to the 2014

text: WHO

text: report, air pollution in 2012 caused the deaths of around 7 million people worldwide, an estimate roughly matched by the

text: International Energy Agency

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Toxic

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: indoor air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban environment

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Indoor air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2014

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: toxic pollution problems

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Indoor air pollution and urban air quality

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 7 million

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Indoor air pollution

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Indoor air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Indoor air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Indoor air pollution

text: The Air Quality Health Index provides a number from 1 to 10+ to indicate the level of health risk associated with local air quality. On occasion, when the amount of air pollution is abnormally high, the number may exceed 10. The AQHI provides a local air quality current value as well as a local air quality maximums forecast for today, tonight, and tomorrow, and provides associated health advice.

text: The Air Quality Health Index provides a number from 1 to 10+ to indicate the level of health risk associated with local air quality. On occasion, when the amount of air pollution is abnormally high, the number may exceed 10. The AQHI provides a local air quality current value as well as a local air quality maximums forecast for today, tonight, and tomorrow, and provides associated health advice.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: AQHI

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: abnormally high

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Air Quality Health Index provides a number from 1 to 10+

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 10.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: abnormally high,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution is abnormally high, the number may exceed 10.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Air Quality Health Index provides a number from 1 to 10+

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution is abnormally high,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Air Quality Health Index provides a number from 1 to 10+

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution is abnormally high,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 10.

text: Other major air pollution, particularly in China, has been compared to the 1966 smog. Elizabeth M. Lynch, a New York City legal scholar, said that images of visible air pollution in Beijing from 2012 were "gross" but not "that much different from pictures of New York City in the 1950s and 1960s," specifically referring to the 1952, 1962, and 1966 smog events. Lynch wrote that the Chinese government's increased transparency on the issue was an encouraging sign that pollution in China could be regulated and abated just as it had in the United States. Similar comparisons between the 1966 smog and Chinese pollution in late 2012 appeared in Business Insider and Slate. USA Today cited the 1966 smog when China issued its first "red alert" air quality warning in December 2015.

text: Other major air pollution, particularly in China, has been compared to the 1966 smog. Elizabeth M. Lynch, a New York City legal scholar, said that images of visible air pollution in Beijing from 2012 were "gross" but not "that much different from pictures of New York City in the 1950s and 1960s," specifically referring to the 1952, 1962, and 1966 smog events. Lynch wrote that the Chinese government's increased transparency on the issue was an encouraging sign that pollution in China could be regulated and abated just as it had in the United States. Similar comparisons between the 1966 smog and Chinese pollution in late 2012 appeared in

text: Business Insider

text: and

text: Slate

text: USA Today

text: cited the 1966 smog when China issued its first "

text: red alert

text: " air quality warning in December 2015.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1960s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: major air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1966 smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1966 smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950s and 1960s,"

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "gross"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: regulated and abated just as it had in the United States.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1966 smog.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1966 smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1952, 1962, and 1966 smog events.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1966 smog.

text: The Toyota Prius is a full series-parallel hybrid electric mid-size car developed and manufactured by the Toyota Motor Corporation. The second generation Prius had been completely redesigned as a mid-size hatchback. The XW20 series represented the second generation of the Toyota Prius, replacing its XW10 predecessor. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resources Board (CARB) also rate the Prius as among the cleanest vehicles sold in the United States based on smog forming and toxic emissions in 2008. Toyota sold about 1,192,000 of the second generation Prius worldwide.

text: The Toyota Prius is a

text: full

text: series-parallel hybrid electric

text: mid-size car

text: developed and manufactured by the

text: Toyota Motor Corporation

text: . The second generation Prius had been completely redesigned as a mid-size hatchback. The XW20 series represented the second generation of the Toyota Prius, replacing its XW10 predecessor. The

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) and

text: California Air Resources Board

text: (CARB) also rate the Prius as among the cleanest vehicles sold in the United States based on

text: smog

text: forming and

text: toxic emissions

text: in 2008. Toyota sold about 1,192,000 of the second generation Prius worldwide.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: XW10

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Toxic emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Toxic emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog forming and toxic emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog forming and toxic emissions in 2008.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog forming and toxic emissions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: smog forming and toxic emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1,192,000

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California Air Resources Board

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog forming and toxic emissions

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog forming and toxic emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: California Air Resources Board

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog forming

text:
<gallery class="center" > File:Abkhaz Roundel.svg|AbkhaziaFile:Afghan National Air Force roundel.svg|Afghanistan File:Albanian Air Force roundel.svg|Albania File:Algeria A-F Roundel.svg|Algeria File:Angola-roundel.svg|Angola File:Argentina-roundel.svg|ArgentinaFile:Argentina Low Visibility Roundel.png|Argentina
(low visibility)File:Roundel of Argentina Navy.svg|Argentine Naval Aviation File:Argentina Navy roundel.svg|Argentine Naval Aviation
(low visibility)File:Roundel of Armenia.svg|Armenia File:RAAF Roundel.svg|Australia File:RAAF-Lowvis-Roundel.svg|Australia
(low visibility) File:Roundel of the Australian Army Aviation.svg|Australia
(Army Aviation) File:Roundel of the Austrian Air Force.svg|Austria File:Azerbaijan Air Force roundel.svg|Azerbaijan File:Bahamas Air Force Roundel.svg|Bahamas File:Royal Bahraini Air Force roundel.svg|Bahrain File:Bangladeshi Air Force roundel.svg|Bangladesh File:URSS-Russian aviation red star.svg|Belarus File:Roundel of the Belgian Air Force.svg|Belgium File:Flag of Belize.svg|Belize File:Benin Air Force Roundel.svg|Benin File:Bolivian Air Force roundel.svg|Bolivia File:Roundel of the Botswana Defence Force.svg|Botswana File:Brazilian Air Force roundel.svg|Brazil File:Brazilian Air Force roundel LOW Visibility.svg|Brazil
(Low Visibility)File:Brazilian Navy Aviation roundel.svg|Brazil
(Naval Aviation) File:Brazil Army Insignia.svg|Brazil
(Army Aviation) File:Royal Brunei Air Force emblem.svg|BruneiFile:Bulgarian Air Force roundel.svg|Bulgaria File:Roundel of Burkina Faso.svg|Burkina Faso File:Royal Cambodian Air Force roundel.svg|Cambodia File:Roundel of the Cameroonian Air Force.svg|Cameroon File:RCAF-Roundel.svg|Canada File:RCAF-LowVis-Roundel.svg|Canada
(low visibility) File:Roundel central african republic.svg|Central African Republic File:Roundel of Chad.svg|ChadFile:Chilean Air Force roundel.svg|Chile File:Chilean Roundel low visibility.svg|Chile (low visibility) File:Roundel of the Peoples Liberation Army Air Force.svg|People's Republic of China File:Roundel of the Peoples Liberation Army Air Force (Low Visibility).svg|People's Republic of China
(low visibility) File:Republic of China National Emblem.svg|Republic of China (Taiwan)File:Republic of China Roundel (Low Visibility) 3.svg|Republic of China (Taiwan)
(low visibility)File:Colombian Air Force Roundel.svg|Colombia File:Colombia Low Visibility Roundel.svg|Colombia
(low visibility) File:Colombian Naval Aviation Roundel.svg|Colombia
(Naval Aviation)File:Colombian Naval Aviation Roundel Low Viz.svg|Colombia
(Naval Aviation
low visibility) File:Roundel of the Congolese Air Force.svg|Republic of Congo File:Congo Air force roundel.svg|Democratic Republic of the Congo File:Roundel ivory coast.svg|Côte d'Ivoire File:Roundel of the Croatian Air Force.svg|Croatia File:Roundel of the Croatian Air Force lowviz-2.svg|Croatia (low visibility) File:Roundel of the Cuban Air Force 1928-1955 and 1962-today.svg|CubaFile:Czech roundel.svg|Czech Republic File:Czech Low Visiablity Roundel.svg|Czech Republic
(low visibility) File:Royal Danish Air Force Roundel.svg|Denmark File:Djibouti Air Force roundel.svg|Djibouti File:Dominican Air Force roundel.svg|Dominican Republic File:Dominican Air Force roundel-Low-Visibility.svg|Dominican Republic
(low visibility) File:Ecuadorian Air Force roundel.svg|Ecuador File:Ecuadorian Naval Aviation Roundel.svg|Ecuador
(Naval Aviation) File:Egyptian Air Force Roundel.svg|Egypt File:Roundel Equatorial Guinea.svg|Equatorial Guinea File:El Salvador Air Force roundel.svg|El Salvador File:Eritrean Air Force roundel.svg|Eritrea File:Roundel of the Estonian Air Force.svg|Estonia File:Roundel ethiopia.svg|Ethiopia File:Finnish air force roundel.svg|Finland  File:French-roundel.svg|France File:Roundel of the French Fleet Air Arm.svg|France
(Naval Aviation) File:Roundel of the French Fleet Air Arm Lowvis.svg|France
(Naval Aviation
low visibility) File:Roundel of the Gabon Air Force.svg|Gabon File:Roundel of the Georgian Air Force.svg|Georgia Image:Roundel of the German Air Force (with Border).svg|Germany File:Roundel Ghana.svg|Ghana File:Hellenic Air Force Roundel.svg|Greece File:Greece Naval Lowvis Roundel.svg |Greek Navy
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Guatemalan Air Force.svg|Guatemala File:Roundel Guinea.svg|Guinea File:Roundel guinea bissau.svg|Guinea-BissauFile:Honduran Air Force insignia.svg|HondurasFile:Roundel of the Hungarian Air Force.svg|Hungary File:Roundel of the Hungarian Air Force (low visibility).svg|Hungary
(Low Visibility) File:Flag of Iceland (state).svg|Iceland File:IAF-roundel.svg|India File:Roundel Indonesia Air Force.svg|Indonesia File:Roundel Indonesia army aviation.svg|Indonesia
(Army Aviation) File:Roundel Indonesia naval aviation.svg|Indonesia
(Naval Aviation) File:Iran Air Force roundel.svg|Iran File:Iraqi Air Force roundel 2011.svg|Iraq File:Irish Air Corps roundel.svg|Ireland File:IAF roundel.svg|Israel File:LV Italian Air Force roundel.svg|Italy File:Jamaican Defence Force roundel.svg|Jamaica File:Japan Air Self-Defense Force roundel.svg|Japan File:Roundel of the Royal Jordanian Air Force.svg|Jordan File:Kazakhstan AF roundel.svg|Kazakhstan File:Roundel of the Kenyan Air Force.svg|Kenya File:Roundel of the Korean Peoples Army Air Force.svg|Korea, North (DPRK) File:Roundel of the Republic of Korea Air Force.svg|Korea, South (ROK) File:Roundel of the Republic of Korea Air Force-LOW VISIBILITY.svg|Korea, South (ROK)
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of Kuwait.svg|Kuwait File:Roundel of the Air Force of Kyrgyzstan.svg|Kyrgyzstan File:Latvia roundel.svg|Latvia File:Roundel of the Lebanese Air Force.svg|Lebanon File:LesothoAir Force roundel.svg|Lesotho File:Roundel of Libya.svg|Libya File:Lithuanian Air Force Roundel 1995.svg|Lithuania File:Roundel of Luxembourg.svg|Luxembourg File:Roundel of the Macedonian Air Force.svg|Macedonia File:Malawi-roundel2.svg|Malawi File:Roundel of the Royal Malaysian Air Force.svg|Malaysia File:IMG Malaysia navy roundel.svg|Malaysia
(Naval Aviation) File:MNDF roundel.svg|Maldives File:IMG Mali Roundel.svg|Mali File:Roundel of Malta.svg|Malta File:Roundel of the Mauritanian Air Force.svg|Mauritania File:IMG Mauritius Roundel.svg|Mauritius File:Mexican Air Force roundel.svg|Mexico File:Mexican Air Force roundel (low visibility).svg|Mexico
(Low Visibility) File:Mexican Naval Roundel.svg|Mexican Naval Aviation File:Roundel of Moldovan Air Force.svg|Moldova File:Soyombo yellow.svg|Mongolia File:Roundel of the Montenegran Air Force.svg|Montenegro File:Roundel of the Royal Moroccan Air Force.svg|Morocco File:Mozambique air force roundel.svg|Mozambique File:Roundel of the Myanmar Air Force.svg|Myanmar File:Roundel of Nepal.svg|Nepal File:Roundel of the Netherlands border.svg|Netherlands File:RNAF Low Visibility Roundel.svg|Netherlands
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Netherlands Low-Visibility.svg|Netherlands
(Low Visibility, Alternate) File:Rnzaf roundel.svg|New Zealand File:Rnzaf-Lowvis roundel 2.svg|New Zealand
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Niger Air Force.svg|Niger File:Roundel of the Nigerian Air Force.svg|Nigeria File:Roundel of the Nigerian Naval Aviation.svg|Nigeria
(Naval Aviation) File:Royal Norwegian Air Force Roundel.svg|Norway File:Royal Norwegian Air Force Low Visibility Roundel.svg|Norway
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Pakistani Air Force.svg|Pakistan File:Roundel of the Panamanian Air Force.svg|Panama File:Panamanian Air Force low visibility insignia.svg|Panama
(Low Visibility)File:Papua New Guinea roundel.svg|Papua New Guinea File:Roundel of Paraguay.svg|Paraguay File:Roundel of the Peruvian Air Force.svg|PeruFile:Roundel of the Peruvian Air Force ( low visibility).svg|Peru
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Peruvian Naval Aviation.svg|Peru
(Naval Aviation)File:Peruvian Naval low visibility roundel.svg|Peru
(Naval Aviation Low Visibility)File:Roundel of the Philippines Air Force.svg|Philippines File:Roundel of the Philippines Air Force-Low Visibility.svg|Philippines
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of Poland.svg|Poland File:Portuguese Air Force roundel.svg|Portugal File:Portuguese roudel lowvis.svg|Portugal
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of Qatar.svg|Qatar File:Roundel of the Romanian Air Force.svg|Romania File:Russian Air Force roundel.svg|RussiaFile:Roundel of the Royal Saudi Air Force.svg|Saudi Arabia File:Roundel of the Royal Saudi Air Force-Low Visibility.svg|Saudi Arabia
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Senegalese Air Force.svg|Senegal File:Roundel of the Serbian Air Force 2006.svg|Serbia File:Roundel of the Serbian Air Force (low vis).svg|Serbia
(Low Visibility) File:Seychelles Coast Guard Aviation Insigna.svg|SeychellesFile:Roundel of Sierra Leone.svg|Sierra LeoneFile:Coat of Arms of Slovakia.svg|Slovakia File:Roundel of the Slovakian Air Force (low visibility).svg|Slovakia
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of Slovenia.svg|Slovenia File:Roundel of South African Air Force.svg|South Africa File:Roundel of South African Air Force (Low Visibility).svg|South Africa
(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Spanish Air Force.svg|Spain File:Sri Lankan Air Force roundel.svg|Sri Lanka File:Roundel of the Sudanese Air Force.svg|Sudan File:Roundel of the Suriname Air Force.svg|Suriname File:Flygvapnet roundel.svg|Sweden File:Flygvapnet-Lowvis roundel.svg|Sweden
(Low Visibility) File:Swiss roundel.svg|Switzerland File:Roundel of the Syrian Air Force.svg|SyriaFile:Roundel of the Tanzanian Air Force.svg|Tanzania File:Roundel of the Royal Thai Air Force.svg|Thailand File:Roundel of the Togolese Air Force.svg|Togo File:Roundel of Transnistria.svg|Transnistria File:Roundel of Trinidad and Tobago Air Guard.svg|Trinidad and Tobago File:Roundel of the Tunisian Air Force.svg|Tunisia File:TAF Roundel.svg|Turkey File:IMG Turkmenistan Roundel.svg|Turkmenistan File:Roundel of the Ugandan Air Force.svg|Uganda File:Roundel of the Ukrainian Air Force.svg|Ukraine File:Roundel of the Ukrainian Naval Aviation.svg|Ukraine
(Naval Aviation) File:Arab Emirates AF roundel.svg|United Arab Emirates File:Arab Emirates AF roundel-Low Visiblity.svg|United Arab Emirates
(Low Visibility) File:RAF roundel.svg|United Kingdom File:RAF Lowvis Army roundel.svg|United Kingdom
(Low Visibility) File:Low-visibility-RAF-Roundel.svg|United Kingdom
(Low Visibility, light) File:Roundel of the USAF.svg|United States File:Roundel of the USAF (low vis).svg|United States
(Low Visibility) File:USAF low visibility roundel.svg|United States
(Low Visibility, Alternate) File:Roundel of Uruguay.svg|Uruguay File:Uruguay Naval Aviation fuzelage mark.svg|Uruguay
(Naval Aviation) File:Roundel Air Force of Uzbekistan.svg|Uzbekistan File:Roundel of Venezuela.svg|Venezuela File:Venezuela Naval aviation roundel.svg|Venezuela

text: <gallery class="center" > File:Abkhaz Roundel.svg|

text: Abkhazia

text: File:Afghan National Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Afghanistan

text: File:Albanian Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Albania

text: File:Algeria A-F Roundel.svg|

text: Algeria

text: File:Angola-roundel.svg|

text: Angola

text: File:Argentina-roundel.svg|

text: Argentina

text: File:Argentina Low Visibility Roundel.png|

text: Argentina

text: <br>(low visibility)File:Roundel of Argentina Navy.svg|

text: Argentine Naval Aviation

text: File:Argentina Navy roundel.svg|

text: Argentine Naval Aviation

text: <br>(low visibility)File:Roundel of Armenia.svg|

text: Armenia

text: File:RAAF Roundel.svg|

text: Australia

text: File:RAAF-Lowvis-Roundel.svg|

text: Australia

text: <br>(low visibility) File:Roundel of the Australian Army Aviation.svg|

text: Australia

text: <br>(Army Aviation) File:Roundel of the Austrian Air Force.svg|

text: Austria

text: File:Azerbaijan Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Azerbaijan

text: File:Bahamas Air Force Roundel.svg|

text: Bahamas

text: File:Royal Bahraini Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Bahrain

text: File:Bangladeshi Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Bangladesh

text: File:URSS-Russian aviation red star.svg|

text: Belarus

text: File:Roundel of the Belgian Air Force.svg|

text: Belgium

text: File:Flag of Belize.svg|

text: Belize

text: File:Benin Air Force Roundel.svg|

text: Benin

text: File:Bolivian Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Bolivia

text: File:Roundel of the Botswana Defence Force.svg|

text: Botswana

text: File:Brazilian Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Brazil

text: File:Brazilian Air Force roundel LOW Visibility.svg|

text: Brazil

text: <br>(Low Visibility)File:Brazilian Navy Aviation roundel.svg|

text: Brazil

text: <br>(Naval Aviation) File:Brazil Army Insignia.svg|

text: Brazil

text: <br>(Army Aviation) File:Royal Brunei Air Force emblem.svg|

text: Brunei

text: File:Bulgarian Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Bulgaria

text: File:Roundel of Burkina Faso.svg|

text: Burkina Faso

text: File:Royal Cambodian Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Cambodia

text: File:Roundel of the Cameroonian Air Force.svg|

text: Cameroon

text: File:RCAF-Roundel.svg|

text: Canada

text: File:RCAF-LowVis-Roundel.svg|

text: Canada

text: <br>(low visibility) File:Roundel central african republic.svg|

text: Central African Republic

text: File:Roundel of Chad.svg|

text: Chad

text: File:Chilean Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Chile

text: File:Chilean Roundel low visibility.svg|

text: Chile

text: (low visibility) File:Roundel of the Peoples Liberation Army Air Force.svg|

text: People's Republic of China

text: File:Roundel of the Peoples Liberation Army Air Force (Low Visibility).svg|

text: People's Republic of China

text: <br>(low visibility) File:Republic of China National Emblem.svg|

text: Republic of China (Taiwan)

text: File:Republic of China Roundel (Low Visibility) 3.svg|

text: Republic of China (Taiwan)

text: <br>(low visibility)File:Colombian Air Force Roundel.svg|

text: Colombia

text: File:Colombia Low Visibility Roundel.svg|

text: Colombia

text: <br>(low visibility) File:Colombian Naval Aviation Roundel.svg|

text: Colombia

text: <br>(Naval Aviation)File:Colombian Naval Aviation Roundel Low Viz.svg|

text: Colombia

text:
(Naval Aviation
low visibility) File:Roundel of the Congolese Air Force.svg|

text: Republic of Congo

text: File:Congo Air force roundel.svg|

entity_name: Air Force of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

text: Democratic Republic of the Congo

text: File:Roundel ivory coast.svg|

text: Côte d'Ivoire

text: File:Roundel of the Croatian Air Force.svg|

text: Croatia

text: File:Roundel of the Croatian Air Force lowviz-2.svg|

text: Croatia

text: (low visibility) File:Roundel of the Cuban Air Force 1928-1955 and 1962-today.svg|

text: Cuba

text: File:Czech roundel.svg|

text: Czech Republic

text: File:Czech Low Visiablity Roundel.svg|

text: Czech Republic

text: <br>(low visibility) File:Royal Danish Air Force Roundel.svg|

text: Denmark

text: File:Djibouti Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Djibouti

text: File:Dominican Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Dominican Republic

text: File:Dominican Air Force roundel-Low-Visibility.svg|

text: Dominican Republic

text: <br>(low visibility) File:Ecuadorian Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Ecuador

text: File:Ecuadorian Naval Aviation Roundel.svg|

text: Ecuador

text: <br>(Naval Aviation) File:Egyptian Air Force Roundel.svg|

text: Egypt

text: File:Roundel Equatorial Guinea.svg|

text: Equatorial Guinea

text: File:El Salvador Air Force roundel.svg|

text: El Salvador

text: File:Eritrean Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Eritrea

text: File:Roundel of the Estonian Air Force.svg|

text: Estonia

text: File:Roundel ethiopia.svg|

text: Ethiopia

text: File:Finnish air force roundel.svg|

text: Finland

text: File:French-roundel.svg|

text: France

text: File:Roundel of the French Fleet Air Arm.svg|

text: France

text: <br>(Naval Aviation) File:Roundel of the French Fleet Air Arm Lowvis.svg|

text: France

text:
(Naval Aviation
low visibility) File:Roundel of the Gabon Air Force.svg|

text: Gabon

text: File:Roundel of the Georgian Air Force.svg|

text: Georgia

text: Image:Roundel of the German Air Force (with Border).svg|

text: Germany

text: File:Roundel Ghana.svg|

text: Ghana

text: File:Hellenic Air Force Roundel.svg|

text: Greece

text: File:Greece Naval Lowvis Roundel.svg |

text: Greek Navy

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Guatemalan Air Force.svg|

text: Guatemala

text: File:Roundel Guinea.svg|

text: Guinea

text: File:Roundel guinea bissau.svg|

text: Guinea-Bissau

text: File:Honduran Air Force insignia.svg|

text: Honduras

text: File:Roundel of the Hungarian Air Force.svg|

text: Hungary

text: File:Roundel of the Hungarian Air Force (low visibility).svg|

text: Hungary

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Flag of Iceland (state).svg|

text: Iceland

text: File:IAF-roundel.svg|

text: India

text: File:Roundel Indonesia Air Force.svg|

text: Indonesia

text: File:Roundel Indonesia army aviation.svg|

text: Indonesia

text: <br>(Army Aviation) File:Roundel Indonesia naval aviation.svg|

text: Indonesia

text: <br>(Naval Aviation) File:Iran Air Force roundel.svg|

entity_name: Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran

text: Iran

text: File:Iraqi Air Force roundel 2011.svg|

text: Iraq

text: File:Irish Air Corps roundel.svg|

text: Ireland

text: File:IAF roundel.svg|

text: Israel

text: File:LV Italian Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Italy

text: File:Jamaican Defence Force roundel.svg|

text: Jamaica

text: File:Japan Air Self-Defense Force roundel.svg|

text: Japan

text: File:Roundel of the Royal Jordanian Air Force.svg|

text: Jordan

text: File:Kazakhstan AF roundel.svg|

entity_name: Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan

text: Kazakhstan

text: File:Roundel of the Kenyan Air Force.svg|

text: Kenya

text: File:Roundel of the Korean Peoples Army Air Force.svg|

text: Korea, North (DPRK)

text: File:Roundel of the Republic of Korea Air Force.svg|

text: Korea, South (ROK)

text: File:Roundel of the Republic of Korea Air Force-LOW VISIBILITY.svg|

text: Korea, South (ROK)

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of Kuwait.svg|

text: Kuwait

text: File:Roundel of the Air Force of Kyrgyzstan.svg|

entity_name: Armed Forces of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: File:Latvia roundel.svg|

text: Latvia

text: File:Roundel of the Lebanese Air Force.svg|

text: Lebanon

text: File:LesothoAir Force roundel.svg|

text: Lesotho

text: File:Roundel of Libya.svg|

text: Libya

text: File:Lithuanian Air Force Roundel 1995.svg|

text: Lithuania

text: File:Roundel of Luxembourg.svg|

text: Luxembourg

text: File:Roundel of the Macedonian Air Force.svg|

text: Macedonia

text: Malawi

text: File:Roundel of the Royal Malaysian Air Force.svg|

text: Malaysia

text: File:IMG Malaysia navy roundel.svg|

text: Malaysia

text: <br>(Naval Aviation) File:MNDF roundel.svg|

text: Maldives

text: File:IMG Mali Roundel.svg|

text: Mali

text: File:Roundel of Malta.svg|

text: Malta

text: File:Roundel of the Mauritanian Air Force.svg|

text: Mauritania

text: File:IMG Mauritius Roundel.svg|

text: Mauritius

text: File:Mexican Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Mexico

text: File:Mexican Air Force roundel (low visibility).svg|

text: Mexico

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Mexican Naval Roundel.svg|

text: Mexican Naval Aviation

text: File:Roundel of Moldovan Air Force.svg|

text: Moldova

text: File:Soyombo yellow.svg|

text: Mongolia

text: File:Roundel of the Montenegran Air Force.svg|

text: Montenegro

text: File:Roundel of the Royal Moroccan Air Force.svg|

text: Morocco

text: File:Mozambique air force roundel.svg|

text: Mozambique

text: File:Roundel of the Myanmar Air Force.svg|

text: Myanmar

text: File:Roundel of Nepal.svg|

text: Nepal

text: File:Roundel of the Netherlands border.svg|

text: Netherlands

text: File:RNAF Low Visibility Roundel.svg|

text: Netherlands

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Netherlands Low-Visibility.svg|

text: Netherlands

text: <br>(Low Visibility, Alternate) File:Rnzaf roundel.svg|

text: New Zealand

text: File:Rnzaf-Lowvis roundel 2.svg|

text: New Zealand

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Niger Air Force.svg|

text: Niger

text: File:Roundel of the Nigerian Air Force.svg|

text: Nigeria

text: File:Roundel of the Nigerian Naval Aviation.svg|

text: Nigeria

text: <br>(Naval Aviation) File:Royal Norwegian Air Force Roundel.svg|

text: Norway

text: File:Royal Norwegian Air Force Low Visibility Roundel.svg|

text: Norway

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Pakistani Air Force.svg|

text: Pakistan

text: File:Roundel of the Panamanian Air Force.svg|

text: Panama

text: File:Panamanian Air Force low visibility insignia.svg|

text: Panama

text: <br>(Low Visibility)File:Papua New Guinea roundel.svg|

text: Papua New Guinea

text: File:Roundel of Paraguay.svg|

text: Paraguay

text: File:Roundel of the Peruvian Air Force.svg|

text: Peru

text: File:Roundel of the Peruvian Air Force ( low visibility).svg|

text: Peru

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Peruvian Naval Aviation.svg|

text: Peru

text: <br>(Naval Aviation)File:Peruvian Naval low visibility roundel.svg|

text: Peru

text: <br>(Naval Aviation Low Visibility)File:Roundel of the Philippines Air Force.svg|

text: Philippines

text: File:Roundel of the Philippines Air Force-Low Visibility.svg|

text: Philippines

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of Poland.svg|

text: Poland

text: File:Portuguese Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Portugal

text: File:Portuguese roudel lowvis.svg|

text: Portugal

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of Qatar.svg|

text: Qatar

text: File:Roundel of the Romanian Air Force.svg|

text: Romania

text: File:Russian Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Russia

text: File:Roundel of the Royal Saudi Air Force.svg|

text: Saudi Arabia

text: File:Roundel of the Royal Saudi Air Force-Low Visibility.svg|

text: Saudi Arabia

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Senegalese Air Force.svg|

text: Senegal

text: File:Roundel of the Serbian Air Force 2006.svg|

text: Serbia

text: File:Roundel of the Serbian Air Force (low vis).svg|

text: Serbia

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Seychelles Coast Guard Aviation Insigna.svg|

text: Seychelles

text: File:Roundel of Sierra Leone.svg|

text: Sierra Leone

text: File:Coat of Arms of Slovakia.svg|

text: Slovakia

text: File:Roundel of the Slovakian Air Force (low visibility).svg|

text: Slovakia

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of Slovenia.svg|

text: Slovenia

text: File:Roundel of South African Air Force.svg|

text: South Africa

text: File:Roundel of South African Air Force (Low Visibility).svg|

text: South Africa

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Roundel of the Spanish Air Force.svg|

text: Spain

text: File:Sri Lankan Air Force roundel.svg|

text: Sri Lanka

text: File:Roundel of the Sudanese Air Force.svg|

text: Sudan

text: File:Roundel of the Suriname Air Force.svg|

text: Suriname

text: File:Flygvapnet roundel.svg|

text: Sweden

text: File:Flygvapnet-Lowvis roundel.svg|

text: Sweden

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Swiss roundel.svg|

text: Switzerland

text: File:Roundel of the Syrian Air Force.svg|

text: Syria

text: File:Roundel of the Tanzanian Air Force.svg|

text: Tanzania

text: File:Roundel of the Royal Thai Air Force.svg|

text: Thailand

text: File:Roundel of the Togolese Air Force.svg|

text: Togo

text: File:Roundel of Transnistria.svg|

text: Transnistria

text: File:Roundel of Trinidad and Tobago Air Guard.svg|

text: Trinidad and Tobago

text: File:Roundel of the Tunisian Air Force.svg|

text: Tunisia

text: File:TAF Roundel.svg|

text: Turkey

text: File:IMG Turkmenistan Roundel.svg|

text: Turkmenistan

text: File:Roundel of the Ugandan Air Force.svg|

text: Uganda

text: File:Roundel of the Ukrainian Air Force.svg|

text: Ukraine

text: File:Roundel of the Ukrainian Naval Aviation.svg|

text: Ukraine

text: <br>(Naval Aviation) File:Arab Emirates AF roundel.svg|

text: United Arab Emirates

text: File:Arab Emirates AF roundel-Low Visiblity.svg|

text: United Arab Emirates

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:RAF roundel.svg|

text: United Kingdom

text: File:RAF Lowvis Army roundel.svg|

text: United Kingdom

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:Low-visibility-RAF-Roundel.svg|

text: United Kingdom

text: <br>(Low Visibility, light) File:Roundel of the USAF.svg|

text: United States

text: File:Roundel of the USAF (low vis).svg|

text: United States

text: <br>(Low Visibility) File:USAF low visibility roundel.svg|

text: United States

text: <br>(Low Visibility, Alternate) File:Roundel of Uruguay.svg|

text: Uruguay

text: File:Uruguay Naval Aviation fuzelage mark.svg|

text: Uruguay

text: <br>(Naval Aviation) File:Roundel Air Force of Uzbekistan.svg|

text: Uzbekistan

text: File:Roundel of Venezuela.svg|

entity_name: National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela

text: Venezuela

text: File:Venezuela Naval aviation roundel.svg|

text: Venezuela

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: gallery class="center">

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Brazil br>

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: photochemical smog

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: As of 2013, the clean air act regulates this many pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: gallery class="center" > File:Afghan National Air Force roundel.svg|Afghanistan

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: br> br>

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: br>

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: br>

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: File:URSS

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: roundel.svg|Afghanistan

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: File:URSS-Russian aviation red star

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: File:Argentina-roundel.svg|ArgentinaFile:Argentina

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: File:Argentina-roundel.svg|ArgentinaFile:Argentina

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: File:Bangladeshi Air Force

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: File:Argentina-roundel.svg|ArgentinaFile:Argentina Low Visibility Roundel.png|Argentina

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: File:Brazilian

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: br>(low visibility)

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: File:Angola-roundel.svg|Angola

text: The thick smoke in the NASA satellite image at right was only part of the smoky haze plaguing the continental United States in early June 2011. According to the U.S. Air Quality “Smog Blog,” smoke from fires in Arizona and New Mexico extended through Texas and Oklahoma up into to the Great Lakes region, affecting air quality for large areas east of the Rocky Mountains.

text: The thick smoke in the NASA satellite image at right was only part of the smoky haze plaguing the continental United States in early June 2011. According to the U.S. Air Quality “Smog Blog,” smoke from fires in Arizona and New Mexico extended through Texas and Oklahoma up into to the Great Lakes region, affecting air quality for large areas east of the Rocky Mountains.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fires

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: fires

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: “Smog Blog,”

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2011.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: “Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: fires

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2011.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: U.S. Air Quality “Smog Blog,”

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: “Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Rocky Mountains.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: fires

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: affecting air quality for large areas east of the Rocky Mountains.

text: The South Coast Air Quality Management District, also using the acronym SCAQMD, formed in 1976, is the air pollution agency responsible for regulating stationary sources of air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin, in Southern California. The separate California Air Resources Board is responsible for regulating mobile sources (e.g. vehicles) in the air basin.

text: The South Coast Air Quality Management District, also using the

text: acronym

text: SCAQMD, formed in 1976, is the

text: air pollution agency

text: responsible for regulating

text: stationary sources

text: of

text: air pollution

text: in the

text: South Coast Air Basin

text: , in

text: Southern California

text: . The separate

text: California Air Resources Board

text: is responsible for regulating mobile sources (e.g. vehicles) in the

text: air basin

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: stationary sources

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: stationary sources

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Southern California

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: stationary sources of air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1976,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: stationary sources

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: stationary sources of air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The South Coast Air Quality Management District,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Southern California.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The South Coast Air Quality Management District,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The South Coast Air Quality Management District,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Southern California.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The South Coast Air Quality Management District,

text: Urban dust domes are a meteorological phenomenon in which soot, dust, and chemical emissions become trapped in the air above urban spaces. This trapping is a product of local air circulations. Calm surface winds are drawn to urban centers, they then rise above the city and descend slowly on the periphery of the developed core. This cycle is often a cause of smog through photochemical reactions that occur when strong concentrations of the pollutants in this cycle are exposed to solar radiation. These are one result of urban heat islands: pollutants concentrate in a dust dome because convection lifts pollutants into the air, where they remain because of somewhat stable air masses produced by the urban heat island.

text: Urban dust domes are a meteorological phenomenon in which

text: soot

text: dust

text: , and chemical emissions become trapped in the air above

text: urban

text: spaces. This trapping is a product of local

text: air circulation

text: s. Calm surface winds are drawn to urban centers, they then rise above the city and descend slowly on the periphery of the developed core. This cycle is often a cause of

text: smog

text: through

text: photochemical reaction

text: s that occur when strong concentrations of the

text: pollutants

text: in this cycle are exposed to

text: solar radiation

text: . These are one result of

text: urban heat islands

text: : pollutants concentrate in a dust dome because

text: convection

text: lifts pollutants into the air, where they remain because of somewhat stable air masses produced by the urban heat island.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: urban heat islands

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: urban heat islands

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: urban dust domes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: soot

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban heat islands

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: soot, dust, and chemical emissions

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: developed core.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: urban heat islands:

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: chemical emissions

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Urban dust domes

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: soot, dust, and chemical emissions

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban heat islands:

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Calm surface winds

text: Air Quality Act of 1967

text: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1,500

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the 1967 act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Air Quality Act of 1967

text: With high confidence, Confalonieri et al. (2007) projected that climate change would increase cardio-respiratory morbidity and mortality associated with ground-level ozone. Ground-level ozone is both naturally occurring and is the primary constituent of urban smog. Ozone in smog is formed through chemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides and other compounds. The reaction is a photochemical reaction, meaning that it involves electromagnetic radiation, and occurs in the presence of bright sunshine and high temperatures. Exposure to elevated concentrations of ozone is associated with increased hospital admissions for pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, allergic rhinitis and other respiratory diseases, and with premature mortality.

text: With high confidence, Confalonieri et al. (2007) projected that climate change would increase cardio-respiratory morbidity and mortality associated with ground-level

text: ozone

text: . Ground-level ozone is both naturally occurring and is the primary constituent of urban

text: smog

text: . Ozone in smog is formed through chemical reactions involving

text: nitrogen oxide

text: s and other compounds. The reaction is a

text: photochemical reaction

text: , meaning that it involves

text: electromagnetic radiation

text: , and occurs in the presence of bright sunshine and high temperatures. Exposure to elevated concentrations of ozone is associated with increased hospital admissions for

text: pneumonia

text: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

text: asthma

text: , allergic

text: rhinitis

text: and other respiratory diseases, and with premature mortality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: urban smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: bright sunshine and high temperatures

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: urban smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: bright sunshine and high temperatures.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: ground-level ozone.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Ground-level ozone

text: An account of the smog was published in 1950 by the noted medical writer Berton Roueché in The New Yorker under the title "The Fog".  Together with another short story, "A Pig From New Jersey", this story won him the 1950 Albert Lasker Medical Journalism Award. "The Fog" was later included in his celebrated collection of short stories Eleven Blue Men.Devra Davis' 2002 novel When Smoke Ran Like Water starts with the Donora Smog.

text: An account of the smog was published in 1950 by the noted medical writer

text: Berton Roueché

text: in

text: The New Yorker

text: under the title "The Fog".  Together with another short story, "A Pig From New Jersey", this story won him the 1950

text: Albert Lasker Medical Journalism Award

text: . "The Fog" was later included in his celebrated collection of short stories

text: Eleven Blue Men

text: Devra Davis

text: ' 2002 novel When Smoke Ran Like Water starts with the Donora Smog.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Donora Smog.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Eleven Blue Men.Devra

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Donora Smog.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smoke Ran Like Water

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Donora Smog.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Donora Smog.

text: In a district defined by its unique geography and quality of life, he is a strong advocate for clean air and water, as well as quality jobs, schools and health care.

text: In a district defined by its unique geography and quality of life, he is a strong advocate for clean air and water, as well as quality jobs, schools and health care.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unique geography

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: clean air

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: clean air and water, as well as quality jobs, schools and health care.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: clean air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unique geography

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: clean air

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: clean air

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: clean air

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: clean air and water,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unique geography

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: clean air

text: Lawsuits were filed against U.S. Steel, which never acknowledged responsibility for the incident, calling it "an act of God". While the steel company did not accept blame, it reached a settlement in 1951 in which it paid about $235,000, which was stretched over the 80 victims who had participated in the lawsuit, leaving them little after legal expenses were factored in. Representatives of American Steel and Wire settled the more than $4.6 million claimed in 130 damage suits at about 5% of what had been sought, noting that the company was prepared to show at trial that the smog had been caused by a "freak weather condition" that trapped over Donora "all of the smog coming from the homes, railroads, the steamboats, and the exhaust from automobiles, as well as the effluents from its plants." U.S. Steel closed both plants by 1966.

text: Lawsuits were filed against U.S. Steel, which never acknowledged responsibility for the incident, calling it "an act of God". While the steel company did not accept blame, it reached a settlement in 1951 in which it paid about $235,000, which was stretched over the 80 victims who had participated in the lawsuit, leaving them little after legal expenses were factored in. Representatives of American Steel and Wire settled the more than $4.6 million claimed in 130 damage suits at about 5% of what had been sought, noting that the company was prepared to show at trial that the smog had been caused by a "freak weather condition" that trapped over Donora "all of the smog coming from the homes, railroads, the steamboats, and the exhaust from automobiles, as well as the effluents from its plants." U.S. Steel closed both plants by 1966.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: homes, railroads, the steamboats, and the exhaust from automobiles

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: the homes,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: U.S. Steel closed both plants by 1966.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: exhaust from automobiles,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: $4.6 million

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: a "freak weather condition" that trapped over Donora

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: exhaust from automobiles,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: plants."

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "freak weather condition"

text: As a result of this case, EPA has worked with the Tribes to develop the Clean Air Act’s Tribal Authority Rule, to provide tribes with more control over enforcement of clean air quality. The company abandoned the plant and related mine, due in large part to increased costs of electricity and competition from cheaper Chinese phosphate. Seventeen mines in the region have been designated as Superfund sites because of selenium poisoning. Since 2001, FMC has been working on cleanup at the reservation. The tribe has developed its own expertise in air, water and land quality, but its resources are still seriously threatened by the extensive cleanup needed.

text: As a result of this case, EPA has worked with the Tribes to develop the

text: Clean Air Act

text: ’s

text: Tribal Authority Rule

text: , to provide tribes with more control over enforcement of clean air quality. The company abandoned the plant and related mine, due in large part to increased costs of electricity and competition from cheaper Chinese phosphate. Seventeen mines in the region have been designated as Superfund sites because of

text: selenium

text: poisoning. Since 2001, FMC has been working on cleanup at the reservation. The tribe has developed its own expertise in air, water and land quality, but its resources are still seriously threatened by the extensive cleanup needed.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Superfund

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Superfund sites

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Chinese phosphate

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: selenium

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Superfund sites

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Chinese phosphate.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: increased costs of electricity and competition from cheaper Chinese phosphate.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: selenium poisoning.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Chinese phosphate.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Seventeen

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: EPA has worked with the Tribes to develop the Clean Air Act’s

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: to provide tribes with more control over enforcement of clean air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: selenium

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: increased costs of electricity and competition from cheaper Chinese phosphate.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: increased costs of electricity and competition from cheaper Chinese phosphate.

text: It is in this form of the Ratio, says Hegel, that “quantum has reached its Notion and has completely realized it.” In the Direct and Inverse Ratios, the relation between the constant and its variables was not continuous, the former only being a fixed proportionality between them, and the latter relating itself to them only negatively. With the Ratio of Powers, however, this relationship is not simply one of external limitation, but, as a Quantum brought into relationship with itself through the power, it is self-determining Limit. This self-determination constitutes the Quality of the Quantum, and finally demonstrates the full significance of the essential identity of Quality and Quantity. Originally, Quantity differentiated itself from Quality in that it was indifferent to what was external to it, that which it quantified. Now however, in the Ratio of Powers, what it relates itself to externally is determined by its own self, and that which relates externally to its own self has long since been defined as Quality. “But quantity is not only a quality; it is the truth of quality itself.” Quantum, having sublated the moment of Quantity that originally defined it and returned to Quality, is now what it is in its truth: Measure.

text: It is in this form of the Ratio, says Hegel, that “quantum has reached its Notion and has completely realized it.” In the Direct and Inverse Ratios, the relation between the constant and its variables was not continuous, the former only being a fixed proportionality between them, and the latter relating itself to them only negatively. With the Ratio of Powers, however, this relationship is not simply one of external limitation, but, as a Quantum brought into relationship with itself through the power, it is self-determining Limit. This self-determination constitutes the Quality of the Quantum, and finally demonstrates the full significance of the essential identity of Quality and Quantity. Originally, Quantity differentiated itself from Quality in that it was indifferent to what was external to it, that which it quantified. Now however, in the Ratio of Powers, what it relates itself to externally is determined by its own self, and that which relates externally to its own self has long since been defined as Quality. “But quantity is not only a quality; it is the truth of quality itself.” Quantum, having sublated the moment of Quantity that originally defined it and returned to Quality, is now what it is in its truth: Measure.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the truth of quality itself

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Ratio of Powers,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Direct and Inverse Ratios,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: negatively.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Direct and Inverse Ratios,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: It is in this form of the Ratio,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: “quantum has reached its Notion and has completely realized it.”

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Direct and Inverse Ratios,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Direct and Inverse Ratios,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Direct and Inverse Ratios,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Direct and Inverse Ratios,

text: Wilco was signed to Reprise Records (Warner) and began recording AM almost as soon as the band was formed. After recording, Tweedy was introduced to Jay Bennett, who then joined the band. Also during this time, Tweedy quit smoking marijuana after a particularly bad experience with some cannabis brownies. A.M. did not fare as well commercially in comparison to Son Volt's first album, only reaching number 27 on the Heatseekers chart while Son Volt's debut Trace hit the Billboard 200. Dan Murphy of Soul Asylum invited Tweedy to join him in a supergroup named Golden Smog with Gary Louris and Marc Perlman of the Jayhawks, Kraig Johnson of Run Westy Run, and Noah Levy of The Honeydogs. Under the pseudonym Scott Summit, Tweedy released Down by the Old Mainstream with Golden Smog in 1996.

text: Wilco was signed to

text: Reprise Records

text: (Warner) and began recording

text: AM

text: almost as soon as the band was formed. After recording, Tweedy was introduced to

text: Jay Bennett

text: , who then joined the band. Also during this time, Tweedy quit smoking marijuana after a particularly bad experience with some

text: cannabis brownie

text: s. A.M. did not fare as well commercially in comparison to Son Volt's first album, only reaching number 27 on the Heatseekers chart while Son Volt's debut

text: Trace

text: hit the

text: Billboard 200

text: Dan Murphy

text: of

text: Soul Asylum

text: invited Tweedy to join him in a supergroup named

text: Golden Smog

text: with

text: Gary Louris

text: and Marc Perlman of the

text: Jayhawks

text: , Kraig Johnson of Run Westy Run, and Noah Levy of

text: The Honeydogs

text: . Under the pseudonym Scott Summit, Tweedy released

text: Down by the Old Mainstream

text: with Golden Smog in 1996.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: marijuana

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: marijuana

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 27

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: marijuana

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Golden Smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: marijuana

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Golden Smog

text: In the 1950s through the 1970s, the area was known as a "haven for asthma sufferers" and that it was "long noted for the beneficial qualities of its pure air" and had a "reputation as a health resort" or a "reputation for clean mountain air." Tujunga was seen as having a "near-Switzerland setting – high and dry."

text: In the 1950s through the 1970s, the area was known as a "haven for

text: asthma

text: sufferers" and that it was "long noted for the beneficial qualities of its pure air" and had a "reputation as a health resort" or a "reputation for clean mountain air." Tujunga was seen as having a "near-Switzerland setting – high and dry."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Tujunga

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unspecified

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: high and dry."

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: asthma sufferers"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: high and dry."

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1950s through the 1970s,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Tujunga

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: asthma sufferers"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "near-Switzerland

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high and dry."

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "near-Switzerland

text: In 2008, a lawsuit was filed against Shell Oil Company for alleged Clean Air Act violation. Shell Deer Park facility, 20 miles east of Houston, was the nation's eighth-largest oil refinery and one of the world's largest petrochemical producers. The facility was also the second largest source of air pollution in Harris County, which ranked among the lowest in the nation in several measures of air quality.  According to Sierra Club and Environment Texas, analysis of Shell's reports to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, air pollutants released at Deer Park since 2003 exceeded the EPA's emissions limits.

text: In 2008, a lawsuit was filed against Shell Oil Company for alleged Clean Air Act violation. Shell

text: Deer Park

text: facility, 20 miles east of Houston, was the nation's eighth-largest oil refinery and one of the world's largest petrochemical producers. The facility was also the second largest source of air pollution in

text: Harris County

text: , which ranked among the lowest in the nation in several measures of air quality.  According to Sierra Club and Environment Texas, analysis of Shell's reports to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, air pollutants released at Deer Park since 2003 exceeded the EPA's emissions limits.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: petrochemical

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: petrochemical producers.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2008,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: lowest in the nation in several measures of air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: petrochemical producers.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: emissions limits.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: lowest in the nation in several measures of air quality.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Shell Oil Company

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: emissions limits.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ranked among the lowest in the nation in several measures of air quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: lowest in the nation in several measures of air quality.

text: When smog levels are high the sky appears yellowish grey because nitrogen oxides are yellow. In contrast, sulfur oxides are colorless and vog looks grey. Once the vog layer dissipates, grey spots of vog in the sky may for a time remain trapped in the inversion layer.

text: When smog levels are high the sky appears yellowish grey because

text: nitrogen oxides

text: are yellow. In contrast,

text: sulfur oxides

text: are colorless and vog looks grey. Once the vog layer dissipates, grey spots of vog in the sky may for a time remain trapped in the inversion layer.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversion layer

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog levels are high the sky appears yellowish grey because nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: When smog levels are high the sky appears yellowish grey

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: When smog levels are high the sky appears yellowish grey

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog levels

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversion layer.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversion layer.

text: China attempted to prevent Beijing's frequent smog from occurring during the meeting through various measures, including limiting driving and closing down factories in Beijing and the surrounding province of Hebei. The air was clear towards the beginning of the APEC week, but was predicted to be somewhat smoggy during the summit itself. The efforts created somewhat of a backlash among internet users, with the phrase "APEC blue" being coined to satirically refer to something fleeting.

text: China attempted to prevent Beijing's frequent smog from occurring during the meeting through various measures, including limiting driving and closing down factories in Beijing and the surrounding province of

text: Hebei

text: . The air was clear towards the beginning of the APEC week, but was predicted to be somewhat smoggy during the summit itself. The efforts created somewhat of a backlash among internet users, with the phrase "

text: APEC blue

text: " being coined to satirically refer to something fleeting.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: APEC week

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: factories

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: APEC week,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: factories

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: factories in Beijing and the surrounding province of Hebei.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: factories in Beijing and the surrounding province of Hebei.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: factories

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: limiting driving and closing down factories in Beijing and the surrounding province of Hebei.

text: Measures to protect air quality include water sprays and sprinklers to control dust on dirt roads and disturbed areas, enclosures and water sprays at belt conveyor transfer points, baghouses on coal storage silos, and other requirements of the mine’s Clean Air Act operating permit NN-OP 08-010. The permit is administered, monitored and enforced by the Navajo Nation Environmental Protection Agency (NNEPA), as authorized by the US EPA. Peabody maintains a network of PM10 particulate monitors to assess the effectiveness of fugitive dust control measures and ensure compliance with national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS). Monitoring data are reported quarterly to the OSM and NNEPA.

text: Measures to protect air quality include water sprays and sprinklers to control dust on dirt roads and disturbed areas, enclosures and water sprays at belt conveyor transfer points, baghouses on coal storage silos, and other requirements of the mine’s Clean Air Act operating permit NN-OP 08-010. The permit is administered, monitored and enforced by the Navajo Nation Environmental Protection Agency (NNEPA), as authorized by the US EPA. Peabody maintains a network of PM10 particulate monitors to assess the effectiveness of fugitive dust control measures and ensure compliance with national ambient air quality standards (

text: NAAQS

text: ). Monitoring data are reported quarterly to the OSM and NNEPA.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal storage silos

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM10

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: dust

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act operating permit NN-OP 08-010.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: dust

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: dust on dirt roads and disturbed areas,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: PM10

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NN-OP 08-010.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: dust on dirt roads and disturbed areas,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM10

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: dirt roads and disturbed areas,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NN-OP 08-010.

text: From 1947 to 1956, Johnston taught at Stanford University. While there, he was named to the editorial board of the Journal of the American Chemical Society. In the early 1950s, Johnston furthered the air pollution work of Arie Jan Haagen-Smit by showing that free-radical reactions underlied the photochemical process leading to smog. Throughout his career, much of Johnston's work involved understanding the kinetics of nitrogen oxides. He returned to Caltech as a faculty member for a year in 1956.

text: From 1947 to 1956, Johnston taught at

text: Stanford University

text: . While there, he was named to the editorial board of the

entity_name: Journal of the American Chemical Society

text: Journal of the American Chemical Society

text: . In the early 1950s, Johnston furthered the air pollution work of

text: Arie Jan Haagen-Smit

text: by showing that

text: free-radical reaction

text: s underlied the photochemical process leading to smog. Throughout his career, much of Johnston's work involved understanding the kinetics of

text: nitrogen oxide

text: s. He returned to Caltech as a faculty member for a year in 1956.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: photochemical process

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950s,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: nitrogen oxides.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nitrogen oxides.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: nitrogen oxides.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: free-radical reactions

text: Major amendments were added to the Clean Air Act in 1977 (1977 CAAA). The 1977 Amendments primarily concerned provisions for the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) of air quality in areas attaining the NAAQS. The 1977 CAAA also contained requirements pertaining to sources in non-attainment areas for NAAQS. A non-attainment area is a geographic area that does not meet one or more of the federal air quality standards. Both of these 1977 CAAA established major permit review requirements to ensure attainment and maintenance of the NAAQS.

text: Major amendments were added to the Clean Air Act in 1977 (1977 CAAA). The 1977 Amendments primarily concerned provisions for the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) of air quality in areas attaining the NAAQS. The 1977 CAAA also contained requirements pertaining to sources in non-attainment areas for NAAQS. A non-attainment area is a geographic area that does not meet one or more of the federal air quality standards. Both of these 1977 CAAA established major permit review requirements to ensure attainment and maintenance of the NAAQS.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1977

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: significant deterioration

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: sources in non-attainment areas for NAAQS.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1977

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Significant Deterioration

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Major amendments were added to the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NAAQS.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Major amendments were added to the Clean Air Act in 1977

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1977

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1977

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Major amendments were added to the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1977

text: Clean Air Act

text: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: What does the Clean Air Act do?

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: can be prevented by a clean air act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 450

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmentalists

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act protects the environment.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act

text: They escape to warn the Propheseers, who refuse to listen to her. They run from them as well, escaping with The Book. The Book, although it has proved to be less-than-accurate, agrees to help them fulfil the Shwazzy's tasks and defeat the Smog in the limited time Deeba has before everyone in London forgets that she exists (this happens to everything that comes to UnLondon). Deeba and Hemi are aided in their quest by Obaday, Rosa, Jones; the utterlings Diss, Bling and Cauldron; and Yorick Cavea and Curdle the milk carton. They collect the UnGun, an ultimate weapon which can be loaded with anything. Deeba, under the banner of 'the Unchosen One', uses it to defeat the Smog and save UnLondon.

text: They escape to warn the Propheseers, who refuse to listen to her. They run from them as well, escaping with The Book. The Book, although it has proved to be less-than-accurate, agrees to help them fulfil the Shwazzy's tasks and defeat the Smog in the limited time Deeba has before everyone in London forgets that she exists (this happens to everything that comes to UnLondon). Deeba and Hemi are aided in their quest by Obaday, Rosa, Jones; the utterlings Diss, Bling and Cauldron; and Yorick Cavea and Curdle the milk carton. They collect the UnGun, an ultimate weapon which can be loaded with anything. Deeba, under the banner of 'the Unchosen One', uses it to defeat the Smog and save UnLondon.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: UnGun,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: UnLondon).

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Propheseers,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Diss, Bling and Cauldron;

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: UnGun,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Diss, Bling and Cauldron;

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: UnGun,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: UnGun,

text: A Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ (written Yang-na by the Spanish), which has been translated as "poison oak place". Yang-na has also been translated as "the valley of smoke". Owing to geography, heavy reliance on automobiles, and the Los Angeles/Long Beach port complex, Los Angeles suffers from air pollution in the form of smog. The Los Angeles Basin and the San Fernando Valley are susceptible to atmospheric inversion, which holds in the exhausts from road vehicles, airplanes, locomotives, shipping, manufacturing, and other sources.

text: A Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ (written Yang-na by the Spanish), which has been translated as "poison oak place". Yang-na has also been translated as "the valley of smoke". Owing to geography, heavy reliance on automobiles, and the Los Angeles/Long Beach port complex, Los Angeles suffers from

text: air pollution

text: in the form of

text: smog

text: . The

text: Los Angeles Basin

text: and the

text: San Fernando Valley

text: are susceptible to

text: atmospheric inversion

text: , which holds in the exhausts from road vehicles, airplanes, locomotives, shipping, manufacturing, and other sources.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: heavy reliance on automobiles

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: heavy reliance on automobiles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution in the form of smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: geography

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Los Angeles suffers from air pollution in the form of smog.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: geography, heavy reliance on automobiles,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: road vehicles,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Los Angeles

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: road vehicles, airplanes, locomotives,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: geography,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: atmospheric inversion,

text: Bard has a strong independent music scene considering its isolation and size. The college's Old Gym was once a popular location for concerts and parties in the 1980s, 1990s, and early 2000s. In 2004, the Old Gym was shut down and in spring 2006 transformed into a student-run theater by students Brel Froebe, Julie Rossman, and Kell Condon. Many activities that once took place there now occur in the smaller SMOG building. SMOG is now primarily used as a music venue. Student-run theater is also popular: dozens of student directed and written productions are put on each semester and a 24 Hour Theater Festival is held at least once a year.

text: Bard has a strong independent music scene considering its isolation and size. The college's Old Gym was once a popular location for concerts and parties in the 1980s, 1990s, and early 2000s. In 2004, the Old Gym was shut down and in spring 2006 transformed into a student-run theater by students Brel Froebe, Julie Rossman, and Kell Condon. Many activities that once took place there now occur in the smaller SMOG building. SMOG is now primarily used as a music venue. Student-run theater is also popular: dozens of student directed and written productions are put on each semester and a 24 Hour Theater Festival is held at least once a year.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Bard has a strong independent music scene

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s, 1990s, and early 2000s.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Bard has a strong independent music scene

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Bard has a strong independent music scene considering its isolation and size.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: dozens

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Bard has a strong independent music scene

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Old Gym

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Kell Condon.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: isolation and size.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Old Gym

text: Prior to the interim action of 1989, when the tailing piles were covered with gravel, winds above  would often spread the fine dust in the tailing piles through the air, lowering air quality locally.  Holden and its partner agencies have reduced wind-borne air pollution from the tailing piles by planting trees atop the tailing piles, with mixed success.  Federal and state agencies have also sought solutions to mineral contamination of the water flowing from the mine into the Railroad Creek watershed. Rio Tinto Group was identified by the EPA as the Potentially Responsible Party in the EPA's process of identify the corporate entity currently liable for the remediation costs. The process of finding a mutually agreeable solution to these problems was a long and onerous one, but an agreement was eventually reached. The negotiations between state, federal, and Holden Village entities and the public can be seen in a federal report and its fourteen proposed alternative solutions.

text: Prior to the interim action of 1989, when the tailing piles were covered with gravel, winds above  would often spread the fine dust in the tailing piles through the air, lowering air quality locally.  Holden and its partner agencies have reduced wind-borne air pollution from the tailing piles by planting trees atop the tailing piles, with mixed success.  Federal and state agencies have also sought solutions to mineral contamination of the water flowing from the mine into the Railroad Creek watershed.

text: Rio Tinto Group

text: was identified by the EPA as the Potentially Responsible Party in the EPA's process of identify the corporate entity currently liable for the remediation costs. The process of finding a mutually agreeable solution to these problems was a long and onerous one, but an agreement was eventually reached. The negotiations between state, federal, and Holden Village entities and the public can be seen in a federal report and its fourteen proposed alternative solutions.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: fine dust

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: tailing piles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fine dust

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: wind

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: wind-borne air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1989,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: lowering air quality locally.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: winds above would often spread the fine dust in the tailing piles

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: fourteen

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Prior to the interim action of 1989,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1989,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fine dust

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: winds above would often spread the fine dust in the tailing piles

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: winds above would often spread the fine dust in the tailing piles

text: The 1948 Donora smog was a historic air inversion that resulted in a wall of smog that killed 20 people and sickened 7,000 more in Donora, Pennsylvania, a mill town on the Monongahela River,  southeast of Pittsburgh.  The event is commemorated by the Donora Smog Museum.

text: The 1948 Donora smog was a historic

text: air inversion

text: that resulted in a wall of

text: smog

text: that killed 20 people and sickened 7,000 more in

text: Donora, Pennsylvania

text: , a

text: mill town

text: on the

text: Monongahela River

text: ,  southeast of

text: Pittsburgh

text: .  The event is commemorated by the

text: Donora Smog Museum

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1950s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air inversion

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Donora smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1948 Donora smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air inversion

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 7,000

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The 1948 Donora smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1948 Donora smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Monongahela River,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The 1948 Donora smog was a historic air inversion

text: In order to protect Scotland's air quality, SEPA regulates and monitors industrial activities and processes in Scotland that may lead to local airborne pollution. In order to do this effectively, SEPA work closely with local authorities and other partners to manage and improve air quality locally."

text: In order to protect Scotland's air quality, SEPA regulates and monitors industrial activities and processes in Scotland that may lead to local airborne pollution. In order to do this effectively, SEPA work closely with local authorities and other partners to manage and improve air quality locally."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: is regulated and monitored in scotland

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial activities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: airborne

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industrial activities and processes in Scotland that may lead to local airborne pollution.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: local airborne

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial activities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: pollution.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: local airborne pollution.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: industrial activities and processes in Scotland that may lead to local airborne pollution.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: industrial activities and processes in Scotland that may lead to local airborne pollution.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: pollution.

text: The United States Congress passed the Clean Air Act in 1963 to legislate the reduction of smog and atmospheric pollution in general. That legislation has subsequently been amended and extended in 1966, 1970, 1977 and 1990. Numerous state and local governments have enacted similar legislation either implementing or filling in locally important gaps in the national program. The national Clean Air Act and similar state legislative acts have led to the widespread use of atmospheric dispersion modeling in order to analyze the air quality impacts of proposed major actions. With the 1990 Clean Air Act, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) began a controversial carbon trading system in which tradable rights to emit a specified level of carbon are granted to polluters.

text: The

text: United States Congress

text: passed the

text: Clean Air Act

text: in 1963 to legislate the reduction of

text: smog

text: and

text: atmospheric pollution

text: in general. That legislation has subsequently been amended and extended in 1966, 1970, 1977 and 1990. Numerous state and local governments have enacted similar legislation either implementing or filling in locally important gaps in the national program. The national Clean Air Act and similar

text: state

text: legislative acts have led to the widespread use of

text: atmospheric dispersion modeling

text: in order to analyze the air quality impacts of proposed major actions. With the 1990 Clean Air Act, the

text: United States Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA) began a controversial

text: carbon trading

text: system in which tradable rights to emit a specified level of carbon are granted to polluters.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: carbon trading system

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act in 1963

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: a specified level of carbon

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act

text: Owing to geography and heavy reliance on automobiles, Visalia suffers from air pollution in the form of smog and other particulates. The Visalia area and the rest of the San Joaquin Valley are susceptible to atmospheric inversion, which holds in the exhausts from road vehicles, airplanes, locomotives, manufacturing, and other sources.  Unlike other cities that rely on rain to clear smog, Visalia gets only  of rain each year: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days. Issues of air quality in Visalia and other major cities led to the passage of early national environmental legislation, including the Clean Air Act.  More recently, the state of California has led the nation in working to limit pollution by mandating low emission vehicles. Particulate pollution can also be high during the winter due to frequent low level inversions and during longer periods of dry weather. The same low level inversions that cause high pollution levels in the winter are the reason for the frequent dense fog, locally known as Tule Fog.

text: Owing to geography and heavy reliance on

text: automobile

text: s, Visalia suffers from

text: air pollution

text: in the form of

text: smog

text: and other

text: particulates

text: . The

text: Visalia area

text: and the rest of the

text: San Joaquin Valley

text: are susceptible to

text: atmospheric inversion

text: , which holds in the exhausts from road vehicles, airplanes,

text: locomotive

text: s, manufacturing, and other sources.  Unlike other cities that rely on rain to clear smog, Visalia gets only  of rain each year: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days. Issues of air quality in Visalia and other major cities led to the passage of early national environmental legislation, including the

text: Clean Air Act

text: .  More recently, the state of California has led the nation in working to limit pollution by mandating

text: low emission vehicle

text: s. Particulate pollution can also be high during the winter due to frequent low level inversions and during longer periods of dry weather. The same low level inversions that cause high pollution levels in the winter are the reason for the frequent dense fog, locally known as Tule Fog.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: geography

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: issues of air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: particulates

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: atmospheric inversion

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog and other particulates.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog and other particulates.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: geography and heavy reliance on automobiles,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: low emission vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Issues of air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: low emission vehicles.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: geography and heavy reliance on automobiles,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: low level inversions

text: With the success of the amendments to the U.S. Clean Air Act the Foundation was interested in uphold its commitment to the environment. The Foundation started to focus on environmental policy and incorporating it into the federal government. The Foundation narrowed its environmental to focus air quality and water issues. In the 1990s the Foundation also was instrumental in creating the multi-million dollar initiatives: MiningWatch Canada, People for Education and the Manitoba School Improvement Program.

text: With the success of the amendments to the U.S.

text: Clean Air Act

text: the Foundation was interested in uphold its commitment to the environment. The Foundation started to focus on environmental policy and incorporating it into the federal government. The Foundation narrowed its environmental to focus air quality and water issues. In the 1990s the Foundation also was instrumental in creating the multi-million dollar initiatives:

text: MiningWatch Canada

text: , People for Education and the Manitoba School Improvement Program.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Foundation narrowed its environmental to focus

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: mining

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality issues

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality and water issues.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air quality and water issues.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: amendments to the U.S. Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: uphold its commitment to the environment.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air quality and water

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: amendments to the U.S. Clean Air Act

text: Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment into the atmosphere. Ever since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the United States, America has had much trouble with environmental issues, air pollution in particular.  According to a 2009 report, around "60 percent of Americans live in areas where air pollution has reached unhealthy levels that can make people sick". Pollution in the United States has plummeted in the recent decade, with pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide decreasing despite the fact the number of vehicles on the road isn't. This is due  to better regulations, economic shifts, and technological innovations. In New York City, NASA reported a 32% decrease in pollution and a 42% decrease in Atlanta between the periods of 2005-2007 and 2009-2011. California has the worst air quality of any state, and in most surveys the cities in California rank in the top 5 or top 10 of most polluted air in the United States.

text: Air pollution

text: is the introduction of

text: chemical

text: s,

text: particulate matter

text: , or

text: biological materials

text: that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the

text: natural environment

text: into the

text: atmosphere

text: . Ever since the beginning of the

text: Industrial Revolution

text: in the United States, America has had much trouble with environmental issues, air pollution in particular.  According to a 2009 report, around "60 percent of Americans live in areas where air pollution has reached unhealthy levels that can make people sick". Pollution in the United States has plummeted in the recent decade, with pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide decreasing despite the fact the number of vehicles on the road isn't. This is due  to better regulations, economic shifts, and technological innovations. In New York City, NASA reported a 32% decrease in pollution and a 42% decrease in Atlanta between the periods of 2005-2007 and 2009-2011. California has the worst air quality of any state, and in most surveys the cities in California rank in the top 5 or top 10 of most polluted air in the United States.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Revolution

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the introduction of chemicals

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Industrial Revolution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental issues

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Industrial Revolution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Revolution

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: California has the worst air quality of any state,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 5 or top 10

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California has the worst air quality of any state,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen dioxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: California has the worst air quality of any state,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: California has the worst air quality of any state,

text: In recent years, the Canada-United States Air Quality Agreement, signed on 13 March 1991, has improved air quality by reducing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions in both countries. The agreement was meant to address the issue of transnational air pollution between the two countries. The agreement was expanded in 2000 to also include goals of reducing emissions of volatile organic compounds and levels of ground-level ozone. Ground-level ozone is caused by reactions between nitrogen oxides and VOCs in the presence of sunlight. Ozone is a contributor to smog and is known to cause numerous respiratory diseases. The 2012 Canada-United States Air Quality Agreement Progress Report found that "Canada's total emissions of sulfur dioxide have decreased by 57% from 1990 levels while the U.S. has reduced total sulfur dioxide emissions from covered sources by 67% from their 1990 emission levels. Between 2000 and 2010, Canada reduced total emissions of nitrogen oxides by 40% in the transboundary ozone region while U.S. total nitrogen oxide emissions decreased by 42% in the region".

text: In recent years, the Canada-United States

text: Air Quality Agreement

text: , signed on 13 March 1991, has improved

text: air quality

text: by reducing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions in both countries. The agreement was meant to address the issue of transnational air pollution between the two countries. The agreement was expanded in 2000 to also include goals of reducing emissions of volatile organic compounds and levels of

text: ground-level ozone

text: . Ground-level ozone is caused by reactions between nitrogen oxides and VOCs in the presence of sunlight. Ozone is a contributor to smog and is known to cause numerous

text: respiratory diseases

text: . The 2012 Canada-United States Air Quality Agreement Progress Report found that "Canada's total emissions of sulfur dioxide have decreased by 57% from 1990 levels while the U.S. has reduced total sulfur dioxide emissions from covered sources by 67% from their 1990 emission levels. Between 2000 and 2010, Canada reduced total emissions of nitrogen oxides by 40% in the transboundary ozone region while U.S. total nitrogen oxide emissions decreased by 42% in the region".

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: transnational

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: transnational

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 42%

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Canada-United States Air Quality Agreement, signed on 13 March 1991,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: transnational air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: volatile organic compounds

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Ground-level ozone

text: Concern was raised over the air quality, and its potential effect on the athletes. Although the Beijing Municipal Government, in its bid file in 2001, committed to lowering air pollution, increasing environmental protection, and introducing environmental technology, research data show that even if the city were to dramatically cut down its emissions, pollution would still drift over from neighbouring provinces, upstream from which 50 percent of Beijing's air was believed to flow. Air pollution was at least two to three times higher than levels deemed safe by the World Health Organization. Marco Cardinale of the British Olympic Association has stated that air pollution coupled with heat and humidity makes it "very unlikely we'll see outstanding performances in endurance sports." Despite this, Beijing committed to remove 60,000 taxis and buses from the roads by the end of 2007 and relocate 200 local factories, including a prominent steel factory, before the games began. The Chinese government provided assurances that "blue skies are a requirement not only for Beijing, but also for the places around it." The United States Olympic Committee was confident that the air quality of Beijing would not be a concern for the US delegation to the games. Nevertheless, the IOC's medical commission analysed air-quality data recorded by the Beijing Environment Protection Bureau in August, when test athletic events were held in the Chinese capital. The commission found that outdoor endurance events—defined as those that include at least an hour of continuous, high-intensity physical effort—may pose some risk.

text: Concern was raised over the air quality, and its potential effect on the athletes. Although the Beijing Municipal Government,

text: in its bid file in 2001

text: , committed to lowering air pollution, increasing environmental protection, and introducing environmental technology, research data show that even if the city were to dramatically cut down its emissions, pollution would still drift over from neighbouring provinces, upstream from which 50 percent of Beijing's air was believed to flow. Air pollution was at least two to three times higher than levels deemed safe by the

text: World Health Organization

text: Marco Cardinale

text: of the

text: British Olympic Association

text: has stated that air pollution coupled with heat and humidity makes it "very unlikely we'll see outstanding performances in endurance sports." Despite this, Beijing committed to remove 60,000

text: taxis

text: and buses from the roads by the end of 2007 and relocate 200 local factories, including a prominent steel factory, before the games began. The Chinese government provided assurances that "blue skies are a requirement not only for Beijing, but also for the places around it." The

text: United States Olympic Committee

text: was confident that the air quality of Beijing would not be a concern for the US delegation to the games. Nevertheless, the IOC's medical commission analysed air-quality data recorded by the Beijing Environment Protection Bureau in August, when test athletic events were held in the Chinese capital. The commission found that outdoor endurance events—defined as those that include at least an hour of continuous, high-intensity physical effort—may pose some risk.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2000s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: at least two to three times higher than levels deemed safe by the World Health Organization

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: two to three times higher than levels deemed safe by the World Health Organization.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: two to three times higher than levels deemed safe by the World Health Organization.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: two to three times higher than levels deemed safe by the World Health Organization.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: heat and humidity

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: two to three times higher than levels deemed safe by the World Health Organization.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: two to three times higher than levels deemed safe by the World Health Organization.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: two to three times higher than levels deemed safe by the World Health Organization.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: World Health Organization.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: heat and humidity

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: pollution would still drift over from neighbouring provinces,

text: The smog event has been referenced in pop culture. Smog figures into the plot of the 2012 Mad Men episode "Dark Shadows", which is set in New York City during the same Thanksgiving weekend in 1966. A reviewer in The A.V. Club interpreted the writers' use of the smog as a symbolic representation of the character Betty, who spends the episode "longing to enter

text: The smog event has been referenced in pop culture. Smog figures into the plot of the 2012

text: Mad Men

text: episode "

text: Dark Shadows

text: ", which is set in New York City during the same Thanksgiving weekend in 1966. A reviewer in

text: The A.V. Club

text: interpreted the writers' use of the smog as a symbolic representation of the character

text: Betty

text: , who spends the episode "longing to enter

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: arid climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1966.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: New York City

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: New York City

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: New York City

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: New York City

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: New York City

text: In 1977, the federal Clean Air Act was amended by Congress to require states to implement vehicle emissions inspection programs, known as I/M programs (for Inspection and Maintenance), in all major metropolitan areas whose air quality failed to meet certain federal standards. New York's program started in 1982, California's program ("Smog Check") started in 1984, and Illinois' program started in 1986. The Clean Air Act of 1990 required some states to enact vehicle emissions inspection programs.  State impacted were those in metropolitan areas where air quality did not meet federal standards.  Some states, including Kentucky and Minnesota, have discontinued their testing programs in recent years with approval from the federal government.

text: In 1977, the federal

text: Clean Air Act

text: was amended by Congress to require states to implement vehicle emissions inspection programs, known as I/M programs (for Inspection and Maintenance), in all major metropolitan areas whose air quality failed to meet certain federal standards. New York's program started in 1982, California's program ("

text: Smog Check

text: ") started in 1984, and Illinois' program started in 1986. The Clean Air Act of 1990 required some states to enact vehicle emissions inspection programs.  State impacted were those in metropolitan areas where air quality did not meet federal standards.  Some states, including Kentucky and Minnesota, have discontinued their testing programs in recent years with approval from the federal government.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is smog check?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: the federal Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: vehicle emissions inspection programs,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act of 1990

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality failed to meet certain federal standards.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality did not meet federal standards.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: all major metropolitan areas whose air quality failed to meet certain federal standards.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California's

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality failed to meet certain federal standards.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: vehicle emissions inspection programs,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality did not meet federal standards.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Kentucky and Minnesota, have discontinued their testing programs in recent years

text: Atmospheric Composition, Greenhouse Gases, and Air Quality

text: Atmospheric Composition, Greenhouse Gases, and Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Which of the following is not a source of air pollutants?

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: can affect the quality of the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1,500

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: greenhouse gases

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Greenhouse Gases

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Greenhouse Gases,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Atmospheric Composition, Greenhouse Gases,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Greenhouse Gases,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Greenhouse Gases,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Atmospheric Composition, Greenhouse Gases,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Atmospheric Composition, Greenhouse Gases,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Atmospheric Composition, Greenhouse Gases,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Atmospheric Composition, Greenhouse Gases,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Greenhouse Gases,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Atmospheric Composition, Greenhouse Gases,

text: The use of sophisticated sensing equipment to monitor air quality is common and has replaced the use of small animals such as canaries, often referred to as "miner's canaries".

text: The use of sophisticated sensing equipment to monitor air quality is common and has replaced the use of small animals such as canaries, often referred to as "

text: miner's canaries

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: "miner's canaries".

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "miner's canaries".

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The use of sophisticated sensing equipment to monitor air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The use of sophisticated sensing equipment

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: "miner's canaries".

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "miner's canaries".

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "miner's canaries".

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "miner's canaries".

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: "miner's canaries".

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "miner's canaries".

text: The Center for Clean Air Policy (CCAP) is an independent, nonprofit think tank that was founded in 1985 in the United States. CCAP works on climate and air quality policy issues at the local, national and international levels. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., CCAP helps policy-makers around the world to develop, promote and implement market-based approaches to address climate, air quality and energy problems while trying to balance both environmental and economic interests.

text: The Center for Clean Air Policy (CCAP) is an independent, nonprofit

text: think tank

text: that was founded in 1985 in the United States. CCAP works on climate and air quality policy issues at the local, national and international levels. Headquartered in

text: Washington, D.C.

text: , CCAP helps policy-makers around the world to develop, promote and implement market-based approaches to address climate, air quality and energy problems while trying to balance both environmental and economic interests.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: CCAP works on climate and air quality policy

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1985 in the United States.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1985 in the United States.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: energy problems

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate and air quality policy issues at the local, national and international levels.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1985 in the United States.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Center for Clean Air Policy

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: climate, air quality and energy problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Policy

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate and air quality policy issues at the local, national and international levels.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Center for Clean Air Policy

text: Old girls of St Mary's Wantage are known as 'SMOGs'.

text: Old girls of St Mary's Wantage are known as 'SMOGs'.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a health hazard

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 'SMOGs'.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 'SMOGs'.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: 'SMOGs'.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Old girls of St Mary's Wantage

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Old girls of St Mary's Wantage

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Old girls of St Mary's Wantage

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 'SMOGs'.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Old girls of St Mary's Wantage

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 'SMOGs'.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 'SMOGs'.

text: The Clean Air Act of 1963 was the first federal legislation regarding air pollution control. It established a federal program within the U.S. Public Health Service and authorized research into techniques for monitoring and controlling air pollution. In 1967, the Air Quality Act was enacted in order to expand federal government activities. In accordance with this law, enforcement proceedings were initiated in areas subject to interstate air pollution transport. As part of these proceedings, the federal government for the first time conducted extensive ambient monitoring studies and stationary source inspections.

text: The Clean Air Act of 1963 was the first federal legislation regarding air pollution control. It established a federal program within the U.S. Public Health Service and authorized research into techniques for monitoring and controlling air pollution. In 1967, the

text: Air Quality Act

text: was enacted in order to expand federal government activities. In accordance with this law, enforcement proceedings were initiated in areas subject to interstate air pollution transport. As part of these proceedings, the federal government for the first time conducted extensive ambient monitoring studies and stationary source inspections.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what was the first federal legislation regarding

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: stationary source inspections

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act of 1963

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Clean Air Act of 1963 was the first federal legislation regarding air pollution control.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: interstate air pollution transport.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: air pollution.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act of 1963

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Air Quality Act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Clean Air Act of 1963

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: interstate air pollution transport.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act of 1963

text: By defining image quality in terms of a deviation from the ideal situation, quality measures become technical in the sense that they can be objectively determined in terms of deviations from the ideal models.  Image quality can, however, also be related to the subjective perception of an image, e.g., a human looking at a photograph.  Examples are how colors are represented in a black-and-white image, as well as in color images, or that the reduction of image quality from noise depends on how the noise correlates with the information the viewer seeks in the image rather than its overall strength.  Another example of this type of quality measure is Johnson's criteria for determining the necessary quality of an image in order to detect targets in night vision systems.

text: By defining image quality in terms of a deviation from the ideal situation, quality measures become technical in the sense that they can be objectively determined in terms of deviations from the ideal models.  Image quality can, however, also be related to the subjective perception of an image, e.g., a human looking at a photograph.  Examples are how colors are represented in a

text: black-and-white

text: image, as well as in color images, or that the reduction of image quality from noise depends on how the noise correlates with the information the viewer seeks in the image rather than its overall strength.  Another example of this type of quality measure is

text: Johnson's criteria

text: for determining the necessary quality of an image in order to detect targets in

text: night vision

text: systems.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: noise

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: noise

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: By defining image quality in terms of a deviation from the ideal situation,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: noise

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: By defining image quality in terms of a deviation from the ideal situation,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: By defining image quality in terms of a deviation from the ideal situation,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: By defining image quality in terms of a deviation from the ideal situation,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: night vision systems.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: noise

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: deviation from the ideal situation,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: By defining image quality in terms of a deviation from the ideal situation,

text: Smog is a type of air pollutant. The word "smog" was coined in the early 20th century as a portmanteau of the words smoke and fog to refer to smoky fog, its opacity, and odour.  The word was then intended to refer to what was sometimes known as pea soup fog, a familiar and serious problem in London from the 19th century to the mid 20th century. This kind of visible air pollution is composed of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, ozone, smoke or particulates among others (less visible pollutants include carbon monoxide, CFCs and radioactive sources). Human-made smog is derived from coal emissions, vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, forest and agricultural fires and photochemical reactions of these emissions.

text: Smog is a type of air

text: pollutant

text: . The word "smog" was coined in the early 20th century as a

text: portmanteau

text: of the words

text: smoke

text: and

text: fog

text: to refer to smoky fog, its opacity, and odour.  The word was then intended to refer to what was sometimes known as

text: pea soup fog

text: , a familiar and serious problem in

text: London

text: from the 19th century to the mid 20th century. This kind of visible air pollution is composed of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, ozone, smoke or particulates among others (less visible pollutants include carbon monoxide, CFCs and radioactive sources). Human-made smog is derived from coal emissions, vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, forest and agricultural fires and photochemical reactions of these emissions.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 19th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: industrial emissions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: human-made

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: coal emissions, vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, forest and agricultural fires

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 19th century to the mid 20th century.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: coal emissions, vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, forest and agricultural fires

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide, CFCs and radioactive sources).

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: coal emissions, vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, forest and agricultural fires

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: pea soup fog,

text: The Clean Air Act 1972 was replaced by the Resource Management Act 1991. The act did not set air quality standards, but did provide for national guidance to be developed. This resulted in the promulgation of New Zealand's National Environmental Standards for Air Quality in 2004 with subsequent amendments.

text: The

text: Clean Air Act 1972

text: was replaced by the

text: Resource Management Act 1991

text: . The act did not set air quality standards, but did provide for national guidance to be developed. This resulted in the promulgation of New Zealand's National Environmental Standards for Air Quality in 2004 with subsequent amendments.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1991

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality standards for air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: the Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act 1972 was replaced by the Resource Management Act 1991.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act 1972 was replaced by the Resource Management Act 1991.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality standards,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act 1972 was replaced by the Resource Management Act 1991.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: New Zealand's National Environmental Standards for Air Quality

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act 1972 was replaced by the Resource Management Act 1991.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Clean Air Act 1972 was replaced by the Resource Management Act 1991.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The Clean Air Act 1972 was replaced by the Resource Management Act 1991.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Clean Air Act 1972 was replaced by the Resource Management Act 1991.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act 1972 was replaced by the Resource Management Act 1991.

text: Conventional approaches to air quality monitoring are based on networks of static and sparse measurement stations. However, there are drivers behind current rises in the use of low-cost sensors for air pollution management in cities.

text: Conventional approaches to air quality monitoring are based on networks of static and sparse measurement stations. However, there are drivers behind current rises in the use of low-cost sensors for air pollution management in cities.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2000s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: there are drivers behind current rises in the use of low-cost sensors

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: networks of static and sparse measurement stations.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: low-cost sensors for air pollution management in cities.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: low-cost sensors

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: networks of static and sparse measurement stations.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: low-cost sensors for air pollution management in cities.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Conventional approaches to air quality monitoring

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: static and sparse measurement stations.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: cities.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: low-cost sensors

text: In 2006, the air quality in Markgröningen was rated third worst in Baden-Württemberg; the problem has been greatly alleviated by construction of a bypass to the east.

text: In 2006, the air quality in Markgröningen was rated third worst in Baden-Württemberg; the problem has been greatly alleviated by construction of a

text: bypass

text: to the east.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a bad thing

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: bypass to the east.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2006,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: third worst in Baden-Württemberg;

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: construction of a bypass to the east.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: third worst in Baden-Württemberg;

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: third worst in Baden-Württemberg;

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: third worst in Baden-Württemberg;

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: bypass to the east.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: bypass to the east.

text: Richard Scorer established the Research Group on the air pollution at Imperial College, the first in the UK to be devoted exclusively to this field of study. He was chosen on the National Council for the quality of the air and played an important role in the drafting of the British Clean Air Act. He was also an adviser to the environmental impact survey of the Concorde.

text: Richard Scorer established the Research Group on the

text: air pollution

text: at Imperial College, the first in the UK to be devoted exclusively to this field of study. He was chosen on the National Council for the quality of the air and played an important role in the drafting of the British Clean Air Act. He was also an adviser to the environmental impact survey of the

text: Concorde

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Richard Scorer established the Research Group on the air pollution at Imperial College,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: British Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: field of study.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: British Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: British Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Richard Scorer established the Research Group on the air pollution at Imperial College,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: British Clean Air Act.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: British Clean Air Act.

text: There are other ways to assess the accuracy of a tag SNP selection method. The accuracy can be evaluated by the quality measure R2 , which is the measure of association between the true numbers of haplotype copies defined over the full set of SNPs and the predicted number of haplotype copies where the prediction is based on the subset of tagging SNPs. This measure assumes diploid data and explicit inference of haplotypes from genotypes.

text: There are other ways to assess the accuracy of a tag SNP selection method. The accuracy can be evaluated by the quality measure R2 , which is the measure of association between the true numbers of haplotype copies defined over the full set of SNPs and the predicted number of haplotype copies where the prediction is based on the subset of tagging SNPs. This measure assumes diploid data and explicit inference of haplotypes from genotypes.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: R2 period

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollution of the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: R2,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: R2,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: R2,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: R2,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: R2,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: R2,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: tag SNP selection method.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: R2,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: R2,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: R2,

text: A physical measure can measure the quantity of a variable with unchanged quality. Using a physical measure provides that the quality of the measurement object has been specified and the quality remains homogeneous. If the presumed unchanged quality is not realized, the measurement gives results which are hard to interpret. In this case, the results are affected by changes in both quantity and quality but in which proportion is unknown. Values of the objects being measured are by no means related to the physical measures, hence, changes in prices do not affect the measurement results. Normally it is not possible to combine physical measures. They are best suited for narrow-focused measurements with neither quality nor value alterations. Therefore, physical measures are best for measuring the real process, and this is why they are used a lot as tools of operative management. Typical ratios in a real process are capacity, efficiencies, lead times, loads, faults, product and process characteristics, etc.

text: A physical measure can measure the quantity of a variable with unchanged quality. Using a physical measure provides that the quality of the measurement object has been specified and the quality remains homogeneous. If the presumed unchanged quality is not realized, the measurement gives results which are hard to interpret. In this case, the results are affected by changes in both quantity and quality but in which proportion is unknown. Values of the objects being measured are by no means related to the physical measures, hence, changes in prices do not affect the measurement results. Normally it is not possible to combine physical measures. They are best suited for narrow-focused measurements with neither quality nor value alterations. Therefore, physical measures are best for measuring the real process, and this is why they are used a lot as tools of operative management. Typical ratios in a real process are capacity, efficiencies, lead times, loads, faults, product and process characteristics, etc.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a physical measure

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1,500

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: air mass

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: A physical measure can measure the quantity of a variable with unchanged quality.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: A physical measure can measure the quantity of a variable with unchanged quality.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: A physical measure can measure the quantity of a variable with unchanged quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: A physical measure can measure the quantity of a variable with unchanged quality.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: quality.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: A physical measure can measure the quantity of a variable with unchanged quality.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: A physical measure can measure the quantity of a variable with unchanged quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: capacity, efficiencies, lead times,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: A physical measure can measure the quantity of a variable with unchanged quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: A physical measure can measure the quantity of a variable with unchanged quality.

text: Quality assessments measure these indicators against an established standard. The measures can be difficult to define in health care. Quality assurance is distinct from quality assessment and is based on the principles of total quality management (TQM).  It is a method of using quality assessment measures in a system-wide manner to deliver high-quality care that is continually improving.

text: Quality assessments measure these indicators against an established standard. The measures can be difficult to define in health care.

text: Quality assurance

text: is distinct from quality assessment and is based on the principles of total quality management (TQM).  It is a method of using quality assessment measures in a system-wide manner to deliver high-quality care that is continually improving.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a health concern

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Quality assessments

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Quality assessments measure these indicators against an established standard.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Quality assessments measure these indicators against an established standard.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Quality assessments measure these indicators against an established standard.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Quality assessments measure these indicators against an established standard.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Quality assessments measure these indicators against an established standard.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Quality assessments

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Quality assessments measure these indicators against an established standard.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Quality assessments measure these indicators against an established standard.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Quality assessments

text: There are geographic patterns to air quality problems and MyEnvironment provides a map so that citizens can see what their relative exposure may be especially as they live near major traffic areas, near regulated facilities, or in proximity to confined animal feeding operations.  The Clean Air Act is the law that defines EPA's responsibilities for protecting and improving the national air quality.

text: There are geographic patterns to air quality problems and MyEnvironment provides a map so that citizens can see what their relative exposure may be especially as they live near major traffic areas, near regulated facilities, or in proximity to

text: confined animal feeding operations

text: .  The Clean Air Act is the law that defines EPA's responsibilities for protecting and improving the national air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: major traffic areas

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: major traffic areas

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: major traffic areas

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: confined animal feeding operations.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: geographic patterns to air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: major traffic areas,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: national air quality.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: MyEnvironment

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: protecting and improving the national air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: confined animal feeding operations.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: major traffic areas,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act

text: The concept of cumulative effects is based on the fact that little things, when combined together, form a larger result. For example, "a single automobile, a small clear- cut in a forest, or a single septic tank is unlikely to have a measurable effect on air quality, runoff, or water quality, respectively. However, with increasing numbers of cars, clear-cuts, or septic tanks, the likelihood of a detectable change increases. This change results from multiple activities at different locations, this type of cumulative effect occurs either off-site or across a large area, such as an airshed".

text: The concept of cumulative effects is based on the fact that little things, when combined together, form a larger result. For example, "a single automobile, a small clear- cut in a forest, or a single septic tank is unlikely to have a measurable effect on air quality,

text: runoff

text: , or

text: water quality

text: , respectively. However, with increasing numbers of cars, clear-cuts, or septic tanks, the likelihood of a detectable change increases. This change results from multiple activities at different locations, this type of cumulative effect occurs either off-site or across a large area, such as an

text: airshed

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: cumulative effect

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: automobile

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: cumulative effects

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: runoff

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: cumulative effects

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: "a single automobile,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: increasing numbers of cars,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: increasing numbers of cars,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: cars, clear-cuts, or septic tanks,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: increasing numbers of cars,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: cumulative effects

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: cars, clear-cuts, or septic tanks,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: increasing numbers of cars,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: increasing numbers of cars, clear-cuts, or septic tanks,

text: The severity of smog is often measured using automated optical instruments such as Nephelometers, as haze is associated with visibility and traffic control in ports. Haze however can also be an indication of poor air quality though this is often better reflected using accurate purpose built air indexes such as the American Air Quality Index, the Malaysian API (Air Pollution Index) and the Singaporean Pollutant Standards Index.

text: The severity of smog is often measured using automated optical instruments such as

text: Nephelometer

text: s, as haze is associated with visibility and traffic control in ports. Haze however can also be an indication of poor air quality though this is often better reflected using accurate purpose built air indexes such as the American

text: Air Quality Index

text: , the Malaysian API (Air Pollution Index) and the Singaporean

text: Pollutant Standards Index

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: haze

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: automated optical instruments such as Nephelometers,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: American Air Quality Index,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: haze is associated with visibility and traffic control in ports.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Pollutant Standards Index.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: American Air Quality Index,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Pollutant Standards Index.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: traffic control in ports.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Nephelometers,

text: Dust collection systems are often part of a larger air quality management program that also includes large airborne particle filtration units mounted to the ceiling of shop spaces and mask systems to be worn by workers. Air filtration units are designed to process large volumes of air to remove fine particles (2 to 10 micrometres) suspended in the air. Masks are available in a variety of forms, from simple cotton face masks to elaborate respirators with tanked air — the need for which is determined by the environment in which the worker is operating.

text: Dust collection systems are often part of a larger air quality management program that also includes large airborne particle filtration units mounted to the ceiling of shop spaces and mask systems to be worn by workers. Air filtration units are designed to process large volumes of air to remove fine particles (2 to 10

text: micrometre

text: s) suspended in the air. Masks are available in a variety of forms, from simple cotton face masks to elaborate

text: respirator

text: s with tanked air — the need for which is determined by the environment in which the worker is operating.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What does dust collection systems do?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: dust collection systems

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: airborne particle

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: fine particles

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Dust collection systems are often part of a larger air quality management program

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: fine particles

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Dust collection systems

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: (2 to 10 micrometres)

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Dust collection systems are often part of a larger air quality management program

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Dust collection systems are often part of a larger air quality management program

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: fine particles (2 to 10 micrometres)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Dust collection systems are often part of a larger air quality management program

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Dust collection systems are often part of a larger air quality management program

text: According to the latest World Health Organisation (WHO) study on ambient air quality among 123 Indian cities, Pathanamthitta was found to have the cleanest air in India, in terms of least concentration of dust particles in air.  Two out of three least polluted cities in India are from Kerala, Kollam being second least polluted.  As per the database, in Pathanamthitta, the annual mean of PM10 and PM2.5 is recorded at 23 and 10 respectively, which is closer to the recommended level of concentration of particulate matter.  While a number of Indian cities are among the world's most polluted, Pathanamthitta's air quality is comparable to some of the cleanest cities in North America, Europe and Australia.

text: According to the latest World Health Organisation (WHO) study on ambient air quality among 123 Indian cities, Pathanamthitta was found to have the cleanest air in India, in terms of least concentration of dust particles in air.  Two out of three least polluted cities in India are from Kerala, Kollam being second least polluted.  As per the database, in Pathanamthitta, the annual mean of PM10 and PM2.5 is recorded at 23 and 10 respectively, which is closer to the recommended level of concentration of particulate matter.  While a number of Indian cities are among the world's most polluted, Pathanamthitta's air quality is comparable to some of the cleanest cities in North America, Europe and Australia.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: particulate matter

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Indian cities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM10 and PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Indian cities

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: dust particles

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Indian

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a number of Indian cities are among the world's most polluted,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Indian cities

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 23 and 10

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: North America,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Indian cities are among the world's most polluted,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: PM10 and PM2.5

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: polluted,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: North America, Europe and Australia.

text: The band members of Golden Smog used pseudonyms in the credits.

text: The band members of Golden Smog used pseudonyms in the credits.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a health hazard

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: pseudonyms

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: pseudonyms

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pseudonyms

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pseudonyms

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: pseudonyms

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: pseudonyms

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Golden Smog used pseudonyms

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: pseudonyms

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: pseudonyms

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: pseudonyms

text: Following the May 26, 2010 hospitalization of seven fishermen that were working in the cleanup crew, BP requested that the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health perform a Health Hazard Evaluation. This was to cover all offshore cleanup activities, BP later requested a second NIOSH investigation of onshore cleanup operations. Tests for chemical exposure in the seven fishermen were negative; NIOSH concluded that the hospitalizations were most likely a result of heat, fatigue, and terpenes that were being used to clean the decks. Review of 10 later hospitalizations found that heat exposure and dehydration were consistent findings but could not establish chemical exposure. NIOSH personnel performed air monitoring around cleanup workers at sea, on land, and during the application of Corexit. Air concentrations of volatile organic compounds and PAHs never exceeded permissible exposure levels. A limitation of their methodology was that some VOCs may have already evaporated from the oil before they began their investigation. In their report, they suggest the possibility that respiratory symptoms might have been caused by high levels of ozone or reactive aldehydes in the air, possibly produced from photochemical reactions in the oil. NIOSH did note that many of the personnel involved were not donning personal protective equipment (gloves and impermeable coveralls) as they had been instructed to and emphasized that this was important protection against transdermal absorption of chemicals from the oil. Heat stress was found to be the most pressing safety concern.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: May 26, 2010

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: volatile organic compounds and PAHs

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: volatile organic compounds and PAHs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: volatile organic compounds and PAHs never exceeded permissible exposure levels.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Corexit.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: volatile organic compounds and PAHs never exceeded permissible exposure levels.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: high levels of ozone or reactive aldehydes

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: volatile organic compounds and PAHs never exceeded permissible exposure levels.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: high levels of ozone or reactive aldehydes

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 2010

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: volatile organic compounds and PAHs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: high levels of ozone or reactive aldehydes

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Heat stress

text: Smoothness: Smoothness is particularly important when being used for printing, the smoother the paperboard, the better the image quality,  because of better ink coverage. Smoothness is measured using air leak methods – the greater the rate of air leakage, at a specific air pressure, from under a cylindrical knife placed on the surface, the rougher the surface.

text: Smoothness: Smoothness is particularly important when being used for printing, the smoother the paperboard, the better the image quality,  because of better ink coverage. Smoothness is measured using air leak methods – the greater the rate of air leakage, at a specific air pressure, from under a cylindrical knife placed on the surface, the rougher the surface.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the best way to measure smoothness

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air leakage

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smoothness

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smoothness:

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: the rougher the surface.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smoothness:

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: better ink coverage. Smoothness is measured using air leak methods

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Smoothness:

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air leak methods

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smoothness:

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smoothness:

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air leak methods

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smoothness is measured using air leak methods

text: Transportation Alternatives was founded in 1973 during the explosion of environmental consciousness that also produced the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act and the National Environmental Policy Act. Since its founding, TransAlt has helped win numerous improvements for cyclists and pedestrians and has become the leading voice for cycling and walking in New York City and a model for livable streets advocacy across the United States. TransAlt's roots are in cycling in New York City, and many of its members are everyday cyclists. A bicycle friendly city means changing the overall transportation system, which, even in New York City where more people use public transit than cars, means shifting a paradigm dominated by the private automobile. Since 2014, TransAlt has been at the forefront of monitoring New York City's Vision Zero initiative and advocating for progress in meeting safety goals.

text: Transportation Alternatives was founded in 1973 during the explosion of environmental consciousness that also produced the

text: Clean Air Act

text: Clean Water Act

text: and the

text: National Environmental Policy Act

text: . Since its founding, TransAlt has helped win numerous improvements for

text: cyclists

text: and

text: pedestrians

text: and has become the leading voice for cycling and walking in New York City and a model for livable streets advocacy across the United States. TransAlt's roots are in

text: cycling in New York City

text: , and many of its members are everyday cyclists. A

text: bicycle friendly

text: city means changing the

text: overall transportation system

text: , which, even in

text: New York City

text: where more people use

text: public transit

text: than cars, means shifting a

text: paradigm

text: dominated by the

text: private automobile

text: . Since 2014, TransAlt has been at the forefront of monitoring New York City's

text: Vision Zero

text: initiative and advocating for progress in meeting safety goals.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: New York City's Vision Zero initiative

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: private automobile

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental consciousness

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: public transportation system

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act and the National Environmental Policy Act.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: explosion of environmental consciousness

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Clean Air Act,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: private automobile.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act and the National Environmental Policy Act.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: livable streets advocacy across the United States.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: explosion of environmental consciousness

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act and the National Environmental Policy Act.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: private automobile.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act and the National Environmental Policy Act.

text: Ambient air quality criteria or standards are concentrations of pollutants in the air (usually outdoor air  but sometimes indoor air) specified for a variety of reasons including for the protection of human health, buildings, crops, vegetation, ecosystems, as well as for planning and other purposes. There is no internationally accepted definition but usually "standards" have some legal or enforcement aspect, whereas "guidelines" may not be backed by laws.  "Criteria/criterion" can be used as a generic term to cover standards and guidelines.

text: Ambient air quality criteria or standards are concentrations of pollutants in the air (usually outdoor air  but sometimes indoor air) specified for a variety of reasons including for the protection of human health, buildings, crops, vegetation, ecosystems, as well as for planning and other purposes. There is no internationally accepted definition but usually "standards" have some legal or enforcement aspect, whereas "guidelines" may not be backed by laws.  "Criteria/criterion" can be used as a generic term to cover standards and guidelines.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: concentrations of pollutants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmental concerns

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: There is no internationally accepted definition

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Ambient air quality criteria or standards

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Ambient air quality criteria or standards are concentrations of pollutants in the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: indoor air)

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: standards

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Ambient air quality criteria or standards

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: protection of human health,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: crops, vegetation, ecosystems,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: pollutants in the air

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Ambient air quality criteria or standards

text: As air pollution in China is at an all-time high, several Hebei cities are among one of the most polluted cities and has one of the worst air quality in China. Reporting on China's airpocalypse has been accompanied by what seems like a monochromatic slideshow of the country's several cities smothered in thick smog. According to a survey made by "Global voices China" in February 2013, 7 cities in Hebei including Xingtai, Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Handan, Langfang, Hengshui and Tangshan, are among China's 10 most polluted cities. Xingtai ranked 1st in the list and is referred to has the worst air quality in all Chinese cities.

text: As air pollution in China is at an all-time high, several Hebei cities are among one of the most polluted cities and has one of the worst air quality in China. Reporting on China's

text: airpocalypse

text: has been accompanied by what seems like a monochromatic slideshow of the country's several cities smothered in thick smog. According to a survey made by "Global voices China" in February 2013, 7 cities in Hebei including Xingtai,

text: Shijiazhuang

text: Baoding

text: Handan

text: Langfang

text: Hengshui

text: and

text: Tangshan

text: , are among China's 10 most polluted cities. Xingtai ranked 1st in the list and is referred to has the worst air quality in all Chinese cities.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: China is at an all-time high

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: China's airpocalypse

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: all-time high,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 7

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 7 cities in Hebei

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: airpocalypse

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Xingtai, Shijiazhuang,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 2013,

text: A low-emission zone (LEZ)  is a defined area where access by certain polluting vehicles is restricted or deterred with the aim of improving the air quality.  This may favour vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles, or zero-emission vehicles such as all-electric vehicles.

text: A low-emission zone (LEZ)  is a defined area where access by certain polluting

text: vehicles

text: is restricted or deterred with the aim of improving the

text: air quality

text: .  This may favour vehicles such as

text: hybrid electric vehicle

text: s, or

text: zero-emission vehicle

text: s such as

text: all-electric vehicle

text: s.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: is the aim of improving the air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: LEZ

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: improving the air quality

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: A low-emission

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: A low-emission zone

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: improving the air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: low-emission zone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: low-emission

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: A low-emission zone

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: improving the air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: low-emission

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: low-emission

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: A low-emission zone

text: As stated above, air pollution has been one of Europe's main environmental harm concerns since the late 1970s. Over the last period of year’s, European Union (EU) policy on air quality aims to develop and drive appropriate measures to improve air quality throughout the EU. The control of emissions from vehicles - with cleaner petrol, catalytic converters etc. -  improving fuel quality and promoting and integrating (integration principle) environmental protection requirements into the transport and energy sector are part of these aims, see 2007 Lisbon Treaty, Article 7 above (EU, 2016). The World Health Organisation (WHO) states that clean air is considered to be a basic requirement of human health which is a complete state of well-being;“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” (WHO, 2003) Such is the significant threat posed to health throughout the world;“2 million premature deaths each year can be attributed to the effects of urban outdoor air pollution and indoor air pollution (caused by the burning of solid fuels)” of which WHO puts down, to more than half, of this disease impact to developing countries (WHO, 2005).Legislation

text: As stated above,

text: air pollution

text: has been one of

text: Europe

text: 's main environmental harm concerns since the late 1970s. Over the last period of year’s, European Union (EU) policy on air quality aims to develop and drive appropriate measures to improve air quality throughout the EU. The control of emissions from vehicles - with cleaner petrol, catalytic converters etc. -  improving fuel quality and promoting and integrating (integration principle) environmental protection requirements into the transport and energy sector are part of these aims, see 2007 Lisbon Treaty, Article 7 above (EU, 2016). The World Health Organisation (WHO) states that clean air is considered to be a basic requirement of human health which is a complete state of well-being;“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” (WHO, 2003) Such is the significant threat posed to health throughout the world;“2 million premature deaths each year can be attributed to the effects of urban outdoor air pollution and indoor air pollution (caused by the burning of solid fuels)” of which WHO puts down, to more than half, of this disease impact to developing countries (WHO, 2005).Legislation

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: late 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Europe's main environmental harm concerns

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: burning of solid fuels

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban environment

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: burning of solid fuels)”

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: late 1970s.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: one of Europe's main environmental harm concerns

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: burning of solid fuels)”

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: world;“2 million

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Lisbon Treaty, Article 7

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: emissions from vehicles - with cleaner petrol, catalytic converters

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: urban outdoor air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 2007 Lisbon Treaty, Article 7

text: In the year 1956 the Virginia Highway Commission (later the Virginia Department of Transportation) proposed Interstate 66 to link Washington, D.C. to the planned Interstate 81, a total project length of 76 miles.  The citizens of Arlington were concerned about the impacts of this project through their county, especially with regard to air quality, noise and community disruption. In 1971, ACT was the plaintiff in an action against the Virginia Highway Commission, having filed a suit in the U.S. district court. ACT won this case after a decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, Arlington Coalition on Transportation v. Volpe, 458 F.2d 1323 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 409 U.S. 1000 (1972). The court paid special attention to the plaintiff's expert calculations and testimony projecting that air quality levels would violate Federal ambient air quality standards as set forth in the Clean Air Act and violate United States Department of Housing and Urban Development guidelines for ambient noise.

text: In the year 1956 the Virginia Highway Commission (later the

text: Virginia Department of Transportation

text: ) proposed Interstate 66 to link Washington, D.C. to the planned

text: Interstate 81

text: , a total project length of 76 miles.  The citizens of Arlington were concerned about the impacts of this project through their county, especially with regard to

text: air quality

text: noise

text: and community disruption. In 1971, ACT was the

text: plaintiff

text: in an action against the Virginia Highway Commission, having filed a suit in the U.S. district court. ACT won this case after a decision by the

entity_name: United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit

text: United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit

text: , Arlington Coalition on Transportation v. Volpe,

text: 458 F.2d 1323

text: (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 409 U.S. 1000 (1972). The court paid special attention to the plaintiff's expert calculations and testimony projecting that air quality levels would violate Federal ambient air quality standards as set forth in the

text: Clean Air Act

text: and violate

entity_name: United States Department of Housing and Urban Development

text: United States Department of Housing and Urban Development

text: guidelines for

text: ambient noise

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: noise

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Interstate 66

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ambient noise

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1956

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Interstate 66

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Federal ambient air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Interstate 81,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Interstate 66

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Federal ambient air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Interstate 81,

text: There were some negative consequences associated with mass automobility as well. The emissions from cars left the country under a blanket of smog and led to some regulatory actions and standards from the government like the Clean Air Act in 1963 and 1970. Other safety legislation was passed to make cars more reliable and sounder after death rates were overwhelming and devastating. And, lastly, because owning an automobile and a home was a symbol of social status and wealth, the mass depopulation of inner cities of the white middle-class was accelerated by the movement which increased racial discrimination.

text: There were some negative consequences associated with mass automobility as well. The

text: emission

text: s from cars left the country under a blanket of

text: smog

text: and led to some regulatory actions and standards from the government like the

text: Clean Air Act

text: in 1963 and 1970. Other safety legislation was passed to make cars more reliable and sounder after death rates were overwhelming and devastating. And, lastly, because owning an automobile and a home was a symbol of social status and wealth, the mass depopulation of inner cities of the white

text: middle-class

text: was accelerated by the movement which increased racial

text: discrimination

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: automobility

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: automobility

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: mass automobility

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: cars

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: mass automobility

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: mass automobility

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1963 and 1970.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The emissions from cars left the country under a blanket of smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: mass automobility

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The emissions from cars left the country under a blanket of smog

text: 1990 was the most recent amendments to the act under President George H.W. Bush. The 1990 amendments granted significantly more authority to the federal government than any prior air quality legislation. Nine subjects were identified in this amendment, with smog, acid rain, motor vehicle emissions, and toxic air pollution among them. Five severity classifications were identified to measure smog. To better control acid rain, new regulatory programs were created. New and stricter emission standards were created for motor vehicles beginning with the 1995 model year. The National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants program was created to expand much broader industries and activities.

text: 1990 was the most recent amendments to the act under President

text: George H.W. Bush

text: . The 1990 amendments granted significantly more authority to the federal government than any prior air quality legislation. Nine subjects were identified in this amendment, with smog,

text: acid rain

text: , motor vehicle emissions, and toxic air pollution among them. Five severity classifications were identified to measure smog. To better control acid rain, new regulatory programs were created. New and stricter emission standards were created for motor vehicles beginning with the 1995 model year. The National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants program was created to expand much broader industries and activities.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Toxic

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: acid rain

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: acid rain

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog, acid rain, motor vehicle emissions, and toxic air pollution

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: toxic air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Nine

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog, acid rain, motor vehicle emissions, and toxic air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: acid rain,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog,

text: A straightforward way to reduce air quality problems is to use internal combustion engines with lower emissions. The 2008 Euro V European emission standards set a limit on carbon monoxide from heavy-duty diesel engines of 1.5 g/kWh, one third of the 1992 Euro I standard. As a result, less forced ventilation will be required in tunnels to achieve the same air quality.

text: A straightforward way to reduce air quality problems is to use

text: internal combustion engine

text: s with lower emissions. The 2008 Euro V

text: European emission standards

text: set a limit on

text: carbon monoxide

text: from heavy-duty

text: diesel engine

text: s of 1.5 g/kWh, one third of the 1992 Euro I standard. As a result, less forced ventilation will be required in tunnels to achieve the same air quality.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1992

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: diesel engines

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: emissions.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1992 Euro I standard.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: internal combustion engines with lower emissions.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1.5 g/kWh,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: A straightforward way to reduce air quality problems is to use internal combustion engines

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality problems

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: carbon monoxide

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality problems is to use internal combustion engines with lower emissions.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: A straightforward way to reduce air quality problems is to use internal combustion engines

text: The 1997 Indonesian forest fires in Kalimantan and Sumatra caused the 1997 Southeast Asian haze. It was a large-scale air quality disaster. The total costs are estimated at US$9 billion to health care, air travel and business. In 2013, the air quality in Singapore sank to its lowest in 15 years due to smoke from Sumatran fires. Singapore urged Indonesia to do more to prevent illegal burning.

text: The

text: 1997 Indonesian forest fires

text: in

text: Kalimantan

text: and

text: Sumatra

text: caused the

text: 1997 Southeast Asian haze

text: . It was a large-scale air quality disaster. The total costs are estimated at US$9 billion to health care, air travel and business. In 2013, the air quality in Singapore sank to its lowest in 15 years due to smoke from Sumatran fires.

text: Singapore

text: urged Indonesia to do more to prevent illegal burning.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Southeast Asian haze

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Southeast Asian haze

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: forest fires

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1997 Southeast Asian haze

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: uncontrolled burning

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: illegal burning.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1997 Southeast Asian haze.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: large-scale air quality disaster.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: forest fires

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: US$9 billion

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: the air quality in Singapore sank to its lowest in 15 years

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1997 Indonesian forest fires

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Indonesian forest fires in Kalimantan and Sumatra

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: forest fires

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 2013,

text: Although the 1990 Clean Air Act is a federal law covering the entire country, the states do much of the work to carry out the Act. The EPA has allowed the individual states to elect responsibility for compliance with and regulation of the CAA within their own borders in exchange for funding. For example, a state air pollution agency holds a hearing on a permit application by a power or chemical plant or fines a company for violating air pollution limits. However, election is not mandatory and in some cases states have chosen to not accept responsibility for enforcement of the act and force the EPA to assume those duties.

text: Although the 1990 Clean Air Act is a federal law covering the entire country, the

text: states

text: do much of the work to carry out the Act. The EPA has allowed the individual states to elect responsibility for compliance with and regulation of the CAA within their own borders in exchange for funding. For example, a state air pollution agency holds a hearing on a permit application by a

text: power

text: or

text: chemical plant

text: or fines a company for violating air pollution limits. However, election is not mandatory and in some cases states have chosen to not accept responsibility for enforcement of the act and force the EPA to assume those duties.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What does the Clean Air Act cover?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: chemical plants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: power or chemical plant

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: chemical plant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: a power or chemical plant

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: limits.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Although the 1990 Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1990 Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: chemical plant

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: a power or chemical plant

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: the states do much of the work to carry out the Act.

text: There is also some discussion involving "active" living walls.  An active living wall actively pulls or forces air through the plants leaves, roots and growth medium of the wall and then into the building's HVAC system to be recirculated throughout the building.  A problem with these systems is that building code still requires all the standard air filtration equipment that would have to be installed anyway, despite the living wall's installation.  This means that active living walls do not improve air quality to the point that the installation of other air quality filtration systems can be removed to provide a cost-savings.  Therefore, the added cost of design, planning and implementation of an active living wall is still in question.  With further research and UL standards to support the air quality data from the living wall, building code may one day allow for our buildings to have their air filtered by plants.

text: There is also some discussion involving "active" living walls.  An active living wall actively pulls or forces air through the plants leaves, roots and growth medium of the wall and then into the building's HVAC system to be recirculated throughout the building.  A problem with these systems is that building code still requires all the standard air filtration equipment that would have to be installed anyway, despite the living wall's installation.  This means that active living walls do not improve air quality to the point that the installation of other air quality filtration systems can be removed to provide a cost-savings.  Therefore, the added cost of design, planning and implementation of an active living wall is still in question.  With further research and UL standards to support the air quality data from the living wall, building code may one day allow for our buildings to have their air filtered by plants.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is a problem with these systems?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: active living walls

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: "active" living walls.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: "active" living walls.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: active living walls do not improve air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: "active" living walls.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: UL standards

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: "active" living walls.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "active" living walls.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "active" living walls.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: "active" living walls.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "active" living walls.

text: Hubbard once defined a thetan as: "... having no mass, no wave-length, no energy, no measurable qualities and no time or location in space except by consideration or postulate. The spirit is not a thing. It is the creator of things." In a lecture series later published as a book ("The Phoenix Lectures"), he jokingly pointed to a study that implied that a "thetan" manifests a small but measurable amount of mass:

text: Hubbard once defined a thetan as: "... having no mass, no wave-length, no energy, no measurable qualities and no time or location in space except by consideration or postulate. The spirit is not a thing. It is the creator of things." In a lecture series later published as a book ("The Phoenix Lectures"), he jokingly pointed to a study that implied that a "thetan" manifests a small but measurable amount of mass:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Hubbard

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: ("The Phoenix Lectures"),

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Hubbard once defined a thetan

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Hubbard once defined a thetan

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: wave-length,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Hubbard

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Hubbard

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: mass, no wave-length,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: mass, no wave-length,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: a small but measurable amount of mass:

text: In 2004, Shenk's original term "data smog" was added to the Oxford English Dictionary

text: In 2004, Shenk's original term "data smog" was added to the Oxford English Dictionary

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: data smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: data smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: data smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: data smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Shenk's original term "data smog"

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2004,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: "data smog"

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: "data smog"

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2004,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: In 2004, Shenk's original term "data smog"

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "data smog"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: "data smog"

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: In 2004, Shenk's original term "data smog"

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "data smog" was added to the Oxford English Dictionary

text: The ERMS applies only to stationary sources that produce over 10 tons of VOMs during a given compliance period.  The compliance period lasts from the beginning of May to the end of September each year as this is the time period in which the air quality tends to be the lowest.  The region managed by ERMS, referred to as a nonattainment area for its substandard ozone quality, encompasses the greater metropolitan area of Chicago.  In total, the non-attainment area comprises six counties and three townships in the northeast corner of Illinois. Though the ERMS wasn’t fully operational until May 2000, the majority of sources were reporting emissions on schedule by 1998.

text: The ERMS applies only to stationary sources that produce over 10 tons of VOMs during a given compliance period.  The compliance period lasts from the beginning of May to the end of September each year as this is the time period in which the air quality tends to be the lowest.  The region managed by ERMS, referred to as a nonattainment area for its substandard ozone quality, encompasses the greater metropolitan area of Chicago.  In total, the non-attainment area comprises six counties and three townships in the northeast corner of Illinois. Though the ERMS wasn’t fully operational until May 2000, the majority of sources were reporting emissions on schedule by 1998.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2000s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: VOMs

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: VOMs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 10 tons of VOMs

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1998.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: over 10 tons of VOMs

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: substandard ozone quality,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10 tons of VOMs

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Chicago.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: substandard ozone quality,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: VOMs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: substandard ozone quality,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: May to the end of September

text: Data from more than 700 air quality measurement stations across Europe are transmitted to the EEA in Copenhagen on an hourly basis. Since the data must be as 'real-time' as possible, the data are displayed as soon as practical after the end of each hour.

text: Data from more than 700

text: air quality

text: measurement stations across Europe are transmitted to the EEA in Copenhagen on an hourly basis. Since the data must be as 'real-time' as possible, the data are displayed as soon as practical after the end of each hour.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Data from more than 700

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Europe

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Data from more than 700 air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 700

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Data from more than 700

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Data from more than 700 air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 700 air quality measurement stations across Europe are transmitted to the EEA

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 700 air quality measurement stations

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 700 air quality measurement stations across Europe are transmitted to the EEA

text: Sir Hubert and Lady (Mavys) Opperman resided at Edgewater Towers, St Kilda, Victoria, from the day it opened In 1961 until their move to a Wantirna retirement village in the late 80s. "They left the 'glorious' views of their St Kilda home for the smog free air at the foot of the Dandenongs" The Edgewater Towers project was the brain child of Opperman's friend and sponsor Bruce Small. The Oppermans had two flats on the 6th floor facing the bay and he was often seen bicycling along the foreshore wearing his signature black beret.

text: Sir Hubert and Lady (Mavys) Opperman resided at

text: Edgewater Towers

text: , St Kilda, Victoria, from the day it opened In 1961 until their move to a Wantirna retirement village in the late 80s. "They left the 'glorious' views of their St Kilda home for the smog free air at the foot of the Dandenongs" The

text: Edgewater Towers

text: project was the brain child of Opperman's friend and sponsor

text: Bruce Small

text: . The Oppermans had two flats on the 6th floor facing the bay and he was often seen bicycling along the foreshore wearing his signature black beret.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1980s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the second to last thing mentioned?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog free air

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: late 80s.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Dandenongs"

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: smog free air at the foot of the Dandenongs"

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog free air

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Dandenongs"

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: smog free air at the foot of the Dandenongs"

text: Regional councils benefit leaders in the community both elected and not, as well as the citizenry, in the way that these councils foster regional economic competitiveness.  Regional councils work to address the many issues that communities are facing today, often these issues are those that are critical to a community's overall well being including transportation, air quality and water quality.

text: Regional councils benefit leaders in the community both elected and not, as well as the citizenry, in the way that these councils foster regional economic competitiveness.  Regional councils work to address the many issues that communities are facing today, often these issues are those that are critical to a community's overall well being including transportation,

text: air quality

text: and

text: water quality

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: critical to a community

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: regional councils

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality and water quality.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Regional councils

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: critical to a community's overall well being

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Regional councils

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: transportation, air quality and water quality.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Regional councils

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: transportation, air quality and water quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: transportation, air quality and water quality.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: transportation, air quality and water quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Regional councils

text: The xanthophyll cycle involves the enzymatic removal of epoxy groups from xanthophylls (e.g. violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, diadinoxanthin) to create so-called de-epoxidised xanthophylls (e.g. diatoxanthin, zeaxanthin). These enzymatic cycles were found to play a key role in stimulating energy dissipation within light-harvesting antenna proteins by non-photochemical quenching- a mechanism to reduce the amount of energy that reaches the photosynthetic reaction centers.  Non-photochemical quenching is one of the main ways of protecting against photoinhibition. In higher plants, there are three carotenoid pigments that are active in the xanthophyll cycle: violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, and zeaxanthin.  During light stress, violaxanthin is converted to zeaxanthin via the intermediate antheraxanthin, which plays a direct photoprotective role acting as a lipid-protective anti-oxidant and by stimulating non-photochemical quenching within light-harvesting proteins.  This conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin is done by the enzyme violaxanthin de-epoxidase, while the reverse reaction is performed by zeaxanthin epoxidase.

text: The xanthophyll cycle involves the enzymatic removal of epoxy groups from xanthophylls (e.g.

text: violaxanthin

text: , antheraxanthin, diadinoxanthin) to create so-called de-epoxidised xanthophylls (e.g. diatoxanthin,

text: zeaxanthin

text: ). These enzymatic cycles were found to play a key role in stimulating energy dissipation within light-harvesting antenna proteins by

text: non-photochemical quenching

text: - a mechanism to reduce the amount of energy that reaches the photosynthetic reaction centers.  Non-photochemical quenching is one of the main ways of protecting against

text: photoinhibition

text: . In higher plants, there are three carotenoid pigments that are active in the xanthophyll cycle: violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, and zeaxanthin.  During light stress, violaxanthin is converted to zeaxanthin via the intermediate antheraxanthin, which plays a direct photoprotective role acting as a lipid-protective

text: anti-oxidant

text: and by stimulating non-photochemical quenching within light-harvesting proteins.  This conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin is done by the enzyme violaxanthin de-epoxidase, while the reverse reaction is performed by zeaxanthin epoxidase.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: non-photochemical

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: non-photochemical quenching

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: diadinoxanthin

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: photoinhibition

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The xanthophyll cycle

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: light stress,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photoinhibition.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: photoinhibition.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: three

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The xanthophyll cycle

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: photoinhibition.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: diadinoxanthin)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: photoinhibition.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The xanthophyll cycle

text: The 1970 amendments completely rewrote the 1967 act. In particular, the 1970 amendments required the newly created The United States Environmental Protection Agency to set the National Ambient Air Quality Standards to protect public health and welfare. In addition, the 1970 amendments required various states to submit state implementation plans for attaining and maintaining the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. This amendment also allowed citizens the ability to sue polluters or government agencies for failure to abide by the act. Finally, the amendment required that by 1975, the entire United States would attain clean air status.

text: The 1970 amendments completely rewrote the 1967 act. In particular, the 1970 amendments required the newly created The United States Environmental Protection Agency to set the National Ambient Air Quality Standards to protect public health and welfare. In addition, the 1970 amendments required various states to submit state implementation plans for attaining and maintaining the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. This amendment also allowed citizens the ability to sue polluters or government agencies for failure to abide by the act. Finally, the amendment required that by 1975, the entire United States would attain clean air status.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What was the purpose of the amendments?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1967 act

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality standards

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: polluters

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The 1970 amendments completely rewrote the 1967

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: public health and welfare.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: polluters

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The 1970 amendments completely rewrote the 1967 act.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1967 act.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The 1970 amendments completely rewrote the 1967 act.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The 1970 amendments completely rewrote the 1967 act.

text: Smith derived Smog from Smoke, a vertically oriented work first produced in painted plywood and installed at the Corcoran Gallery of Art in 1967.  After this version had been deinstalled and returned to the artist, Smith re-worked the forms into a horizontally oriented work which he called Smog. The sculpture has been produced on a smaller scale, measuring 12 inches x 113 inches x 79 inches, in cast bronze with a black patina.

text: Smith derived Smog from

text: Smoke

text: , a vertically oriented work first produced in painted plywood and installed at the

text: Corcoran Gallery of Art

text: in 1967.  After this version had been deinstalled and returned to the artist, Smith re-worked the forms into a horizontally oriented work which he called Smog. The sculpture has been produced on a smaller scale, measuring 12 inches x 113 inches x 79 inches, in cast bronze with a black patina.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1970s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: painted plywood

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1967.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 1967.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 12 inches x 113 inches x 79 inches,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smith derived Smog

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smoke,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Corcoran Gallery of Art in 1967.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smog.

text: A Smoggie or Smoggy is a name given to people from the Middlesbrough area in Teesside, north east England,  originating with visiting football supporters. It is a contraction of 'smog monster'.

text: A Smoggie or Smoggy is a name given to people from the

text: Middlesbrough

text: area in

text: Teesside

text: , north east England,  originating with visiting football supporters. It is a contraction of 'smog monster'.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog monster

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog monster

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Smoggie

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Smoggie

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: of'smog monster'.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: visiting football supporters.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: A Smoggie

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Smoggie

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: of'smog monster'.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Smoggie

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: of'smog monster'.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Smoggie

text: The bureau has a team of air quality specialists dedicated to providing advice, support, and consultancy service to industry, government, local authorities and private consultants. The team has particular expertise with long and short range atmospheric pollution dispersion modelling using the NAME, AERMOD, ADMS, BOXURB and other dispersion models.

text: The bureau has a team of air quality specialists dedicated to providing advice, support, and consultancy service to industry, government, local authorities and private consultants. The team has particular expertise with long and short range

text: atmospheric pollution dispersion modelling

text: using the

text: NAME

text: AERMOD

text: ADMS

text: , BOXURB and other dispersion models.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: dispersion modelling

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: industry, government, local authorities and private consultants.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industry, government, local authorities and private consultants.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: atmospheric pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: local authorities and private consultants.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: NAME, AERMOD, ADMS, BOXURB

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: AERMOD, ADMS, BOXURB

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: atmospheric pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: NAME, AERMOD, ADMS, BOXURB

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: local authorities and private consultants.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NAME, AERMOD, ADMS, BOXURB

text: Photochemical air quality models have become widely utilized tools for assessing the effectiveness of control strategies adopted by regulatory agencies. These models are large-scale air quality models that simulate the changes of pollutant concentrations in the atmosphere by characterizing the chemical and physical processes in the atmosphere. These models are applied at multiple geographical scales ranging from local and  regional to national and global.

text: Photochemical air quality models have become widely utilized tools for assessing the effectiveness of control strategies adopted by regulatory agencies. These models are large-scale air quality models that simulate the changes of pollutant concentrations in the atmosphere by characterizing the chemical and physical processes in the atmosphere. These models are applied at multiple geographical scales ranging from local and  regional to national and global.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Photochemical air quality models

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Photochemical air quality models

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollutant

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollutant concentrations

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: global.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Photochemical air quality models

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Photochemical air quality models

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Photochemical air quality models

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Photochemical air quality models

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Photochemical air quality models

text: In December 2011, CAN presented the three Chief Executive Candidates Henry Tang, CY Leung and Albert Ho with a "Clean Air Ballot" and a symbolic pair of black lungs. All three candidates accepted CAN’s "clean air ballot" and pledged to improve air quality. This event received much note from the local news.

text: In December 2011, CAN presented the three Chief Executive Candidates

text: Henry Tang

text: CY Leung

text: and

text: Albert Ho

text: with a "Clean Air Ballot" and a symbolic pair of black lungs. All three candidates accepted CAN’s "clean air ballot" and pledged to improve air quality. This event received much note from the local news.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2011,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: improve air quality.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: black lungs.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 2011,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: black lungs.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: In December 2011,

text: Some photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions; reactions as fast as 10 seconds and associated processes as fast as 10 seconds are often observed.

text: Some photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions; reactions as fast as 10 seconds and associated processes as fast as 10 seconds are often observed.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions;

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Some photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions;

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions;

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Some photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions;

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 10 seconds

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Some photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions;

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: thermal reactions;

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Some photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions;

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions;

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Some photochemical reactions are several orders of magnitude faster than thermal reactions;

text: Another set of major amendments to the Clean Air Act occurred in 1990 (1990 CAAA). The 1990 CAAA substantially increased the authority and responsibility of the federal government. New regulatory programs were authorized for control of acid deposition (acid rain) and for the issuance of stationary source operating permits. The NESHAPs were incorporated into a greatly expanded program for controlling toxic air pollutants. The provisions for attainment and maintenance of NAAQS were substantially modified and expanded. Other revisions included provisions regarding stratospheric ozone protection, increased enforcement authority, and expanded research programs.

text: Another set of major amendments to the Clean Air Act occurred in 1990 (1990 CAAA). The 1990 CAAA substantially increased the authority and responsibility of the federal government. New regulatory programs were authorized for control of acid deposition (acid rain) and for the issuance of stationary source operating permits. The NESHAPs were incorporated into a greatly expanded program for controlling toxic air pollutants. The provisions for attainment and maintenance of NAAQS were substantially modified and expanded. Other revisions included provisions regarding stratospheric ozone protection, increased enforcement authority, and expanded research programs.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Toxic

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: acid deposition

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Toxic

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: toxic air pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: toxic

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: (acid rain)

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: toxic air pollutants. The provisions for attainment and maintenance of NAAQS

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 1990

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1990

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: toxic air pollutants.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: (acid rain) and for the issuance of stationary source operating permits.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1990

text: The Clean Air Act is a United States federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level. It is one of the United States' first and most influential modern environmental laws, and one of the most comprehensive air quality laws in the world. As with many other major U.S. federal environmental statutes, it is administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in coordination with state, local, and tribal governments. Its implementing regulations are codified at 40 C.F.R. Subchapter C, Parts 50-97.

text: The Clean Air Act is a

text: United States federal law

text: designed to control

text: air pollution

text: on a national level. It is one of the United States' first and most influential modern

text: environmental law

text: s, and one of the most comprehensive

text: air quality law

text: s in the world. As with many other major

text: U.S. federal environmental statutes

text: , it is administered by the

text: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

text: (EPA), in coordination with state, local, and tribal governments. Its implementing regulations are codified at

entity_name: Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations

text: 40 C.F.R.

text: Subchapter C, Parts 50-97.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Clean Air Act is a United States federal law designed to control

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 97

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 50-97.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Clean Air Act

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Parts 50-97.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Clean Air Act

text: In the most general sense, air conditioning can refer to any form of technology that modifies the condition of air (heating, cooling, (de-)humidification, cleaning, ventilation, or air movement). In common usage, though, "air conditioning" refers to systems which cool air. In construction, a complete system of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning is referred to as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC – as opposed to AC).

text: In the most general sense, air conditioning can refer to any form of technology that modifies the condition of air (heating, cooling, (de-)humidification, cleaning, ventilation, or air movement). In common usage, though, "air conditioning" refers to systems which cool air. In

text: construction

text: , a complete system of heating,

text: ventilation

text: , and air conditioning is referred to as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (

text: HVAC

text: – as opposed to AC).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: (heating, cooling, (de-)humidification,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: (heating, cooling, (de-)humidification,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: (heating, cooling, (de-)humidification,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air conditioning

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: "air conditioning" refers to systems which cool air.

text: The rate of asthma in children is increasing at a pace that underscores the need for schools to address indoor air problems. EPA's Indoor Air Quality Tools for Schools Program helps maintain a healthy environment and reduce exposures to indoor environmental contaminants. The Program helps school personnel identify, solve, and prevent indoor air quality problems in the school environment. Through the use of a multi-step management plan and checklists for the entire building, schools can also lower their students' and staff's risk of exposure to asthma triggers.

text: The rate of asthma in children is increasing at a pace that underscores the need for schools to address indoor air problems. EPA's Indoor Air Quality Tools for Schools Program helps maintain a healthy environment and reduce exposures to indoor environmental contaminants. The Program helps school personnel identify, solve, and prevent indoor air quality problems in the school environment. Through the use of a multi-step management plan and checklists for the entire building, schools can also lower their students' and staff's risk of exposure to asthma triggers.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor environmental contaminants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: indoor environmental contaminants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: indoor environmental contaminants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: indoor environmental contaminants.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The rate of asthma in children is increasing

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: indoor environmental contaminants.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: asthma

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: indoor environmental contaminants.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: indoor air problems.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: asthma

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: indoor environmental contaminants.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: indoor air problems.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Indoor Air Quality Tools for Schools Program

text: Criteria air contaminants (CAC), or criteria pollutants, are a set of air pollutants that cause smog, acid rain, and other health hazards. CACs are typically emitted from many sources in industry, mining, transportation, electricity generation and agriculture. In most cases they are the products of the combustion of fossil fuels or industrial processes.

text: Criteria air contaminants (CAC), or criteria pollutants, are a set of

text: air pollutants

text: that cause

text: smog

text: acid rain

text: , and other health hazards. CACs are typically emitted from many sources in

text: industry

text: mining

text: transportation

text: electricity generation

text: and

text: agriculture

text: . In most cases they are the products of the

text: combustion

text: of

text: fossil fuels

text: or industrial processes.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: industrial era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: CACs

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: CACs

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: CACs

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: fossil fuels or industrial processes.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: agriculture.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: cause smog, acid rain, and other health hazards.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: combustion of fossil fuels or industrial processes.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Criteria air contaminants

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Criteria air contaminants

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog, acid rain, and other health hazards.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Criteria air contaminants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: fossil fuels or industrial processes.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Criteria air contaminants

text: , the station is served solely by the Green Line "E" Branch. However, when the Green Line Extension is completed around 2019, the "D" Branch will be extended to College Avenue and begin serving Science Park in addition to the "E" Branch, which will be extended to Union Square. Additionally, one or more of the "B", "C", or "D" branches may be extended to Lechmere as a temporary air quality improvement measure due to delays in the Green Line Extension.

text: , the station is served solely by the Green Line "E" Branch. However, when the

text: Green Line Extension

text: is completed around 2019, the

text: "D" Branch

text: will be extended to

text: College Avenue

text: and begin serving Science Park in addition to the "E" Branch, which will be extended to

entity_name: Union Square (MBTA Green Line "E" Branch station)

text: Union Square

text: . Additionally, one or more of the

text: "B"

text: "C"

text: , or "D" branches may be extended to Lechmere as a temporary air quality improvement measure due to delays in the Green Line Extension.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Green Line Extension

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: What is the cause of the temporary air quality improvement measure?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 2019,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2019,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality improvement measure

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Green Line Extension is completed around 2019,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2019,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 2019,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air quality improvement measure

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 2019,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality improvement measure due to delays in the Green Line Extension.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 2019,

text: . Some isentropic thermodynamic devices include: pumps, gas compressors, turbines, nozzles, and diffusers.

text: . Some isentropic thermodynamic devices include:

text: pump

text: s,

text: gas compressor

text: s,

text: turbine

text: s,

text: nozzle

text: s, and

text: diffuser

text: s.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: global warming

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollution that is caused by engines

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: gas compressors

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Some isentropic thermodynamic devices

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Some isentropic thermodynamic devices

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: isentropic thermodynamic devices

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: gas compressors, turbines, nozzles, and diffusers.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: nozzles, and diffusers.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Some isentropic thermodynamic devices

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Some isentropic thermodynamic devices

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: gas compressors, turbines, nozzles, and diffusers.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: isentropic thermodynamic devices

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Some isentropic thermodynamic devices

text: Bishop also voted for the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (TARP), and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (also known as the “stimulus bill”), and for further measures in 2009 and 2010.  He also voted for the Budget Control Act of 2011, which provided for further gradual increments in the debt limit.

text: Bishop also voted for the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (TARP), and the

entity_name: American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009

text: American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009

text: (also known as the “stimulus bill”), and for further measures in 2009 and 2010.  He also voted for the Budget Control Act of 2011, which provided for further gradual increments in the debt limit.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2008

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: nonrenewable resource

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 2009

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2009

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Bishop also voted for the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 2009

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2008,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Bishop also voted for the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009

text: The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open is an annual charity golf tournament. Proceeds from the tournament support PAVE (Paving Access for Veterans Employment), Paralyzed Veterans of America's vocational rehabilitation program. The mission of the program is to pave a path for employment, economic self-sufficiency and vocational fulfillment for any veteran seeking better quality of life.

text: The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open is an annual charity

text: golf tournament

text: . Proceeds from the tournament support PAVE (Paving Access for Veterans Employment), Paralyzed Veterans of America's

text: vocational rehabilitation

text: program. The mission of the program is to pave a path for employment, economic self-sufficiency and vocational fulfillment for any veteran seeking better quality of life.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open is an annual charity

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open is an annual charity golf tournament.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: (Paving Access for Veterans Employment),

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: (Paving Access for Veterans Employment),

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The Paralyzed Veterans Golf Open

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: PAVE (Paving Access for Veterans Employment),

text: Reger composed the motets of Op. 138 in Meiningen in 1914, at the beginning of World War I, when he also worked on Requiem projects in Latin and German. Inspired by Bach's motets, he had composed "extended a cappella choral settings", such as Geistliche Gesänge, Op. 110, dedicated to the Thomanerchor, with challenging double fugues. In contrast, he composed eight motets forming Acht geistliche Gesänge (Eight Sacred Songs), Op. 138, as a master of "new simplicity". Reger died before completing his review of the Korrekturbögen (proofs) from the publisher. The proofs were next to his bed when he was found dead in a hotel in Leipzig on 11 May 1916. Der Mensch lebt und bestehet was published by N. Simrock in 1916 as the first of Acht geistliche Gesänge (Eight Sacred Songs).

text: Reger composed the motets of Op. 138 in

text: Meiningen

text: in 1914, at the beginning of World War I, when he also worked on

text: Requiem projects

text: in Latin and German. Inspired by

text: Bach's motets

text: , he had composed "extended

text: a cappella

text: choral settings", such as

text: Geistliche Gesänge, Op. 110

text: , dedicated to the

text: Thomanerchor

text: , with challenging

text: double fugue

text: s. In contrast, he composed eight motets forming Acht geistliche Gesänge (Eight Sacred Songs), Op. 138, as a master of "new simplicity". Reger died before completing his review of the Korrekturbögen (

text: proofs

text: ) from the publisher. The proofs were next to his bed when he was found dead in a hotel in Leipzig on 11 May 1916. Der Mensch lebt und bestehet was published by

text: N. Simrock

text: in 1916 as the first of Acht geistliche Gesänge (Eight Sacred Songs).

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War I

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Der Mensch lebt und bestehet

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War I,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: 1914, at the beginning of World War I,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: World War I,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: eight

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 138

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: World War I,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 138

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Reger composed the motets of Op. 138

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1914,

text: In March 1553, he was a Member of Parliament for Canterbury.

text: In March 1553, he was a

text: Member of Parliament

text: for

text: Canterbury

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1550s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: polluting the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: eugenics

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 1553,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1553,

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: 1553,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Canterbury.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 1553,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Canterbury.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1553,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 1553,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Canterbury.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 1553,

text: Lord Dalmeny joined Sotheby’s in 1990 to work in the Country House sale department. In 2000, he became Director of Sotheby’s and from 2003-2007 was Chairman of Sotheby’s Olympia. He also took on responsibility for the single-owner sales department in 2006 and became Deputy Chairman, Sotheby’s UK in 2007.

text: Lord Dalmeny joined Sotheby’s in 1990 to work in the Country House sale department. In 2000, he became Director of Sotheby’s and from 2003-2007 was Chairman of Sotheby’s Olympia. He also took on responsibility for the single-owner sales department in 2006 and became Deputy Chairman, Sotheby’s UK in 2007.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Lord Dalmeny joined Sotheby’s

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2003-2007

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Lord Dalmeny joined Sotheby’s

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Lord Dalmeny joined Sotheby’s

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Lord Dalmeny joined Sotheby’s

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Lord Dalmeny joined Sotheby’s

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Lord Dalmeny joined Sotheby’s

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Lord Dalmeny

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Lord Dalmeny joined Sotheby’s

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Lord Dalmeny joined Sotheby’s

text: Barnes' new team finished first in the NL's first season with a 55–12 record, while Boston fell to fourth.  Ross led the National League batting (.429), on-base percentage (.462), slugging (.562), runs (126), hits (138), bases (190), doubles (21), triples (14), and walks (20). In the 1876 season, Barnes also established the single-season record for runs per game (1.91), a mark which still stands.

text: Barnes' new team finished first in the NL's first season with a 55–12 record, while Boston fell to fourth.  Ross led the National League batting (.429), on-base percentage (.462), slugging (.562), runs (126), hits (138), bases (190), doubles (21), triples (14), and walks (20). In the 1876 season, Barnes also established the single-season record for runs per game (1.91), a mark which still stands.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1876 season

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 55–12

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1876

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Boston fell to fourth. Ross led the National League

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Boston

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: (126), hits (138), bases (190),

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Boston fell to fourth.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1876

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: doubles (21), triples (14), and walks (20).

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 55–12

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 55–12

text: Brothers Keepers has local groups active in information campaigns, presenting teach-ins at schools etc. However the project primarily gained prominence in Germany through the collaborative album, Lightkultur. The title is a pun on conservative politician Günther Beckstein’s term "deutsche Leitkultur" ("German leading culture"), demanding that foreigners subject themselves to the supposed standards of German culture. The album features German musicians such as Torch, Samy Deluxe, Afrob, Denyo from the Beginner and D-Flame. The proceeds of this album went to charity.

text: Brothers Keepers has local groups active in information campaigns, presenting teach-ins at schools etc. However the project primarily gained prominence in Germany through the collaborative album, Lightkultur. The title is a pun on

text: conservative

text: politician

text: Günther Beckstein

text: ’s term "

text: deutsche Leitkultur

text: " ("German leading culture"), demanding that foreigners subject themselves to the supposed standards of German culture. The album features German musicians such as

text: Torch

text: Samy Deluxe

text: Afrob

text: Denyo

text: from the

text: Beginner

text: and

text: D-Flame

text: . The proceeds of this album went to

text: charity

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Brothers Keepers

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: None of the above choices.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Lightkultur.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Brothers Keepers

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Germany

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Brothers Keepers

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: D-Flame.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Brothers Keepers

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: "deutsche Leitkultur"

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: D-Flame.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Brothers Keepers

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Lightkultur.

text: Herodotus wrote that the Thracians (which he considered to include the Getae) sold their children in slavery to traders. Polybius wrote that the Greeks brought slaves "of best quality" from the peoples living on the shores of the Black Sea.

text: Herodotus

text: wrote that the

text: Thracians

text: (which he considered to include the Getae) sold their children in slavery to traders.

text: Polybius

text: wrote that the Greeks brought slaves "of best quality" from the peoples living on the shores of the

text: Black Sea

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Middle Ages

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: pollution of the air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Herodotus

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Herodotus wrote that the Thracians

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Herodotus wrote that the Thracians

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: slavery to traders.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Herodotus

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Herodotus

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Herodotus

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Herodotus wrote that the Thracians

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: slavery

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Black Sea.

text: Boury named this piece after the opening gesture of the American Manheim Rocket theme of the finale of Symphony No. 40 in G minor by W. A. Mozart. Although this piece was written for solo piano, there is a full orchestral quality.  Like the old composers of the Mannheim school Boury used sudden crescendo in the introduction and rising arpeggiated melodic line accompanied by ostinato.  Use of a wide range of keys with chromatic passages and various hairpin dynamic indications support the orchestral quality as well.

text: Boury named this piece after the opening gesture of the American Manheim Rocket theme of the finale of Symphony No. 40 in G minor by

text: W. A. Mozart

text: . Although this piece was written for solo piano, there is a full orchestral quality.  Like the old composers of the

text: Mannheim school

text: Boury used sudden crescendo in the introduction and rising arpeggiated melodic line accompanied by ostinato.  Use of a wide range of keys with chromatic passages and various hairpin dynamic indications support the orchestral quality as well.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: It's impossible to say

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: American Manheim Rocket

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: American Manheim Rocket

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: American Manheim Rocket

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: American Manheim Rocket

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: American Manheim Rocket theme of the finale of Symphony No. 40

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: American Manheim Rocket theme

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: American Manheim Rocket

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: American Manheim Rocket

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: American Manheim Rocket

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: full orchestral quality.

text: The House-Brackmann (HB) scale is the standard used by medical professionals to evaluate facial nerve function.  It is a measure of the range of intentional motion the patient’s facial muscles have, and is based largely on the observations of the physician.  Because of the subjective nature of the scale, there may be discrepancies between assessments by different doctors, but the overall reliability and ease of use has made this scale the most commonly employed by medical professionals.

text: The House-Brackmann (HB) scale is the standard used by medical professionals to evaluate facial nerve function.  It is a measure of the range of intentional motion the patient’s facial muscles have, and is based largely on the observations of the physician.  Because of the subjective nature of the scale, there may be discrepancies between assessments by different doctors, but the overall reliability and ease of use has made this scale the most commonly employed by medical professionals.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what does the hb scale measure

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: The House-Brackmann

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: The House-Brackmann

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The House-Brackmann

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: The House-Brackmann

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The House-Brackmann

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The House-Brackmann

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The House-Brackmann

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: The House-Brackmann

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: The House-Brackmann

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The House-Brackmann

text: Public Smog is a public park in the atmosphere that fluctuates in location and scale. Built through financial, legal, or political activities, Public Smog is subject to prevailing winds and the long-range transport of aerosols and gases. When built through the economic mechanism of emissions trading, the park opens above the region where offsets are purchased and withheld from use. Public Smog first opened briefly to the public during 2004 above California’s South Coast Air Quality Management District, and is now open over the European Union through 2008.

text: Public Smog

text: is a public park in the atmosphere that fluctuates in location and scale. Built through financial, legal, or political activities, Public Smog is subject to prevailing winds and the long-range transport of aerosols and gases. When built through the economic mechanism of emissions trading, the park opens above the region where offsets are purchased and withheld from use. Public Smog first opened briefly to the public during 2004 above California’s South Coast Air Quality Management District, and is now open over the

text: European Union

text: through 2008.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2004

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: aerosols

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: emissions trading

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: public smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: gaseous

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: prevailing winds

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: aerosols and gases.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2004

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: aerosols and gases.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: prevailing winds

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: California’s South Coast Air Quality Management District,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: California’s South Coast Air Quality Management District,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Public Smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: aerosols and gases.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: South Coast Air Quality Management District,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: prevailing winds

text: Solina Chau Hoi Shuen (周凱旋) (born c. 1961) is a businesswoman in Hong Kong, a business partner in the Cheung Kong Group, and director of the Li Ka Shing Foundation. She is also a major stockholder in Tom.com, a publication and advertising company in the People's Republic of China.

text: Solina Chau Hoi Shuen (周凱旋) (born c. 1961) is a businesswoman in Hong Kong, a business partner in the

text: Cheung Kong

text: Group, and director of the

text: Li Ka Shing Foundation

text: . She is also a major stockholder in

text: Tom.com

text: , a publication and advertising company in the

text: People's Republic of China

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Toxics

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Cheung Kong Group,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: People's Republic of China.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Hong Kong,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Hong Kong,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Cheung Kong Group,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Solina Chau Hoi Shuen

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Cheung Kong Group,

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Li Ka Shing Foundation.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Cheung Kong Group,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Cheung Kong Group,

text: Systematic conservation planning is an effective way to seek and identify efficient and effective types of reserve design to capture or sustain the highest priority biodiversity values and to work with communities in support of local ecosystems. Margules and Pressey identify six interlinked stages in the systematic planning approach:

text: Systematic conservation planning is an effective way to seek and identify efficient and effective types of reserve design to capture or sustain the highest priority biodiversity values and to work with communities in support of local ecosystems. Margules and Pressey identify six interlinked stages in the systematic planning approach:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: harming the environment

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: environmentalists

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Systematic conservation planning

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Systematic conservation planning

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Systematic conservation planning

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Systematic conservation planning

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Systematic conservation planning

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Systematic conservation planning

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Margules and Pressey

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: biodiversity values and to work with communities in support of local ecosystems.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Systematic conservation planning

text: The wet, or rainy, season is the time of year, covering one or more months, when most of the average annual rainfall in a region falls.  The term green season is also sometimes used as a euphemism by tourist authorities.  Areas with wet seasons are dispersed across portions of the tropics and subtropics.  Savanna climates and areas with monsoon regimes have wet summers and dry winters.  Tropical rainforests technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year.  Some areas with pronounced rainy seasons will see a break in rainfall mid-season when the intertropical convergence zone or monsoon trough move poleward of their location during the middle of the warm season.  When the wet season occurs during the warm season, or summer, rain falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours.  The wet season is a time when air quality improves, freshwater quality improves, and vegetation grows significantly.  Soil nutrients diminish and erosion increases.  Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime.  The previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season, as the crops have yet to mature.  Developing countries have noted that their populations show seasonal weight fluctuations due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season.

text: The wet, or rainy, season is the time of year, covering one or more months, when most of the average annual

text: rainfall

text: in a region falls.  The term green season is also sometimes used as a

text: euphemism

text: by tourist authorities.  Areas with wet seasons are dispersed across portions of the

text: tropics

text: and

text: subtropics

text: Savanna

text: climates and areas with

text: monsoon

text: regimes have wet summers and dry winters.  Tropical rainforests technically do not have dry or wet seasons, since their rainfall is equally distributed through the year.  Some areas with pronounced rainy seasons will see a break in rainfall mid-season when the

text: intertropical convergence zone

text: or

text: monsoon trough

text: move poleward of their location during the middle of the warm season.  When the wet season occurs during the warm season, or

text: summer

text: , rain falls mainly during the late afternoon and early evening hours.  The wet season is a time when

text: air quality

text: improves, freshwater quality improves, and vegetation grows significantly.

text: Soil

text: nutrients diminish and erosion increases.  Animals have adaptation and survival strategies for the wetter regime.  The previous dry season leads to food shortages into the wet season, as the crops have yet to mature.  Developing countries have noted that their populations show seasonal weight fluctuations due to food shortages seen before the first harvest, which occurs late in the wet season.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: wet season

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a time when air quality improves

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: wet season

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: wet season

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: wet season

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: dry season

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air quality improves,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: intertropical convergence zone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The wet, or rainy, season

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: The wet, or rainy, season

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: dry season

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: air quality improves, freshwater quality improves,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: rainfall

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: wet summers and dry winters.

text: __NOTOC__Gmina Krupski Młyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Tarnowskie Góry County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Krupski Młyn, which lies approximately  north-west of Tarnowskie Góry and  north-west of the regional capital Katowice. It also contains the villages of Potępa and Ziętek.

text: __NOTOC__Gmina Krupski Młyn is a rural

text: gmina

text: (administrative district) in

text: Tarnowskie Góry County

text: Silesian Voivodeship

text: , in southern

text: Poland

text: . Its seat is the village of

text: Krupski Młyn

text: , which lies approximately  north-west of

text: Tarnowskie Góry

text: and  north-west of the regional capital

text: Katowice

text: . It also contains the villages of

text: Potępa

text: and

text: Ziętek

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: The air quality in Krupski M yn is low

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 0

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: br>

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: __NOTOC__Gmina Krupski M<unk>yn

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Poland.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Poland.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Poland.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: __NOTOC__Gmina Krupski M<unk>yn

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Krupski M<unk>yn,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: __NOTOC__Gmina Krupski M<unk>yn

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Pot<unk>pa and Zi<unk>tek.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: north-west of Tarnowskie Góry

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: __NOTOC__Gmina Krupski M<unk>yn

text: Significant mid-winter temperature inversions often occur in the Salt Lake Valley. These inversions, which often last for days and weeks, are most pronounced in mid-winter, although milder inversions sometimes occur during other seasons. Winter temperature inversions cause cold, foggy and hazy valley conditions, with sunny and somewhat warmer conditions prevailing in the surrounding mountains. Temperature inversions trap valley air pollutants, which often rise to unhealthy levels. Humidity is only high enough and temperatures cold enough for fog to occur during mid-winter, although haze and smog can be found year-round. Inversions occur when strong areas of high pressure remain parked over the Great Basin. It usually takes a cold front to force out or break down the high pressure. Consequently, inversions are rare in spring and fall, when the weather takes on a more progressive pattern, with frequent fronts moving through. Such recurring and persistent patterns of inversions follow a unique timescale of about 30 days, providing a means for long-range weather prediction. Such prediction of persistent inversion up to 30 days has been made operational.

text: Significant mid-winter

text: temperature inversion

text: s often occur in the Salt Lake Valley. These inversions, which often last for days and weeks, are most pronounced in mid-winter, although milder inversions sometimes occur during other seasons. Winter temperature inversions cause cold, foggy and hazy valley conditions, with sunny and somewhat warmer conditions prevailing in the surrounding mountains. Temperature inversions trap valley air pollutants, which often rise to unhealthy levels. Humidity is only high enough and temperatures cold enough for

text: fog

text: to occur during mid-winter, although

text: haze

text: and

text: smog

text: can be found year-round. Inversions occur when strong areas of high pressure remain parked over the

text: Great Basin

text: . It usually takes a

text: cold front

text: to force out or break down the high pressure. Consequently, inversions are rare in spring and fall, when the weather takes on a more progressive pattern, with frequent fronts moving through. Such recurring and persistent patterns of inversions follow a unique timescale of about 30 days, providing a means for long-range weather prediction. Such prediction of persistent inversion up to 30 days has been made operational.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Salt Lake Valley

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: inversions trap valley air pollutants

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: strong areas of high pressure

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: year-round

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: yes

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: haze and smog can be found year-round.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: mid-winter temperature inversions often occur in the Salt Lake Valley.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: unhealthy levels.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: year-round.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 30

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: haze and smog can be found year-round.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: mid-winter temperature inversions

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: haze and smog

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: year-round.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: year-round.

text: Past Life Martyred Saints received general acclaim from professional music critics upon its release. According to Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album holds a score of 82/100, indicating "Critical acclaim", based on twenty-four reviews. Heather Phares from Allmusic reserved praise for the album, feeling that it "will win Andersen new fans as well as thrill longtime ones." Priya Elan from NME also responded positively to the album, commenting that "her perceptive glare is intense and unrelenting. A new, added tunefulness makes this a much-welcome Exile In Nihilist-ville." Ian Mathers of PopMatters awarded the record a nine out of ten, feeling that "EMA's work is simultaneously some of the most interesting I've heard in years, and jaggedly alive, the furthest thing from any sort of academic exercise."

text: Past Life Martyred Saints received general acclaim from professional music critics upon its release. According to

text: Metacritic

text: , which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album holds a score of 82/100, indicating "Critical acclaim", based on twenty-four reviews. Heather Phares from

text: Allmusic

text: reserved praise for the album, feeling that it "will win Andersen new fans as well as thrill longtime ones." Priya Elan from

text: NME

text: also responded positively to the album, commenting that "her perceptive glare is intense and unrelenting. A new, added tunefulness makes this a much-welcome Exile In Nihilist-ville." Ian Mathers of

text: PopMatters

text: awarded the record a nine out of ten, feeling that "EMA's work is simultaneously some of the most interesting I've heard in years, and jaggedly alive, the furthest thing from any sort of academic exercise."

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Priya Elan

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 82/100,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Exile In Nihilist-ville."

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: intense and unrelenting.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Past Life Martyred Saints

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 82/100,

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 82/100,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Past Life Martyred Saints

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Past Life Martyred Saints

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 82/100,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 82/100,

text: The 12th Senate seat was contested between TEAM Unity's Juan Miguel Zubiri and GO's Aquilino Pimentel III; Zubiri was proclaimed in July 2007 with a margin of about 20,000 votes, but Pimentel filed an electoral protest to the Senate Electoral Tribunal (SET), which the tribunal accepted, alleging there was massive electoral fraud in Maguindanao. After the revision of votes on Pimentel's protest on July 2009, he released a statement that he now leads Zubiri by 96,000 votes; Zubiri countered that his counter-protest that alleges similar fraud in Mega Manila has him leading by around 132,000 votes in areas affected by his counter protest.

text: The 12th Senate seat was contested between TEAM Unity's

text: Juan Miguel Zubiri

text: and GO's

text: Aquilino Pimentel III

text: ; Zubiri was proclaimed in July 2007 with a margin of about 20,000 votes, but Pimentel filed an electoral protest to the Senate Electoral Tribunal (SET), which the tribunal accepted, alleging there was massive electoral fraud in

text: Maguindanao

text: . After the revision of votes on Pimentel's protest on July 2009, he released a statement that he now leads Zubiri by 96,000 votes; Zubiri countered that his counter-protest that alleges similar fraud in

text: Mega Manila

text: has him leading by around 132,000 votes in areas affected by his counter protest.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Pimentel filed an electoral protest to the Senate Electoral Tribunal

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 2007

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Manila

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Mega Manila

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 96,000

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Aquilino Pimentel III;

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: massive electoral fraud in Maguindanao.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Aquilino Pimentel III;

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Mega Manila

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Pimentel filed an electoral protest to the Senate Electoral Tribunal

text: Air quality forecasting attempts to predict when the concentrations of pollutants will attain levels that are hazardous to public health.  The concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere is determined by their transport, or mean velocity of movement through the atmosphere, their diffusion, chemical transformation, and ground deposition.  In addition to pollutant source and terrain information, these models require data about the state of the fluid flow in the atmosphere to determine its transport and diffusion.  Meteorological conditions such as thermal inversions can prevent surface air from rising, trapping pollutants near the surface, which makes accurate forecasts of such events crucial for air quality modeling. Urban air quality models require a very fine computational mesh, requiring the use of high-resolution mesoscale weather models; in spite of this, the quality of numerical weather guidance is the main uncertainty in air quality forecasts.

text: Air quality

text: forecasting attempts to predict when the concentrations of pollutants will attain levels that are hazardous to public health.  The concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere is determined by their transport, or

text: mean

text: velocity of movement through the atmosphere, their

text: diffusion

text: chemical transformation

text: , and ground

text: deposition

text: .  In addition to pollutant source and terrain information, these models require data about the state of the

text: fluid flow

text: in the atmosphere to determine its transport and diffusion.  Meteorological conditions such as

text: thermal inversion

text: s can prevent surface air from rising, trapping pollutants near the surface, which makes accurate forecasts of such events crucial for air quality modeling. Urban air quality models require a very fine computational mesh, requiring the use of high-resolution mesoscale weather models; in spite of this, the quality of numerical weather guidance is the main uncertainty in air quality forecasts.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Industrial Era

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous to public health

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: thermal inversions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: public health

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ground deposition

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: inversions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: chemical transformation, and ground deposition.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: hazardous to public health.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: hazardous to public health.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: thermal inversions

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: levels that are hazardous to public health.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: hazardous to public health.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: pollutants will attain levels that are hazardous to public health.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: chemical transformation, and ground deposition.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: thermal inversions

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: thermal inversions can prevent surface air from rising,

text: The Brahmo Samaj was the first of the 19th century reform movements. Its founder, Ram Mohan Roy (1772-1833), strived toward an universalistic interpretation of Hinduism. He rejected Hindu mythology, but also the Christian trinity. He found that Unitarianism came closest to true Christianity, and had a strong sympathy for the Unitarians. He founded a missionary committee in Calcutta, and in 1828 asked for support for missionary activities from the American Unitarians. By 1829, Roy had abandoned the Unitarian Committee, but after Roy's death, the Brahmo Samaj kept close ties to the Unitarian Church, who strived towards a rational faith, social reform, and the joining of these two in a renewed religion. The Unitarians were closely connected to the Transcendentalists, who were interested in and influenced by Indian religions early on.

text: The Brahmo Samaj was the first of the 19th century reform movements. Its founder, Ram Mohan Roy (1772-1833), strived toward an

text: universalistic

text: interpretation of Hinduism. He rejected Hindu mythology, but also the Christian trinity. He found that

text: Unitarianism

text: came closest to true Christianity, and had a strong sympathy for the Unitarians. He founded a missionary committee in Calcutta, and in 1828 asked for support for missionary activities from the American Unitarians. By 1829, Roy had abandoned the Unitarian Committee, but after Roy's death, the Brahmo Samaj kept close ties to the Unitarian Church, who strived towards a rational faith, social reform, and the joining of these two in a renewed religion. The Unitarians were closely connected to the

text: Transcendentalists

text: , who were interested in and influenced by Indian religions early on.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 19th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what is the second to last thing mentioned?

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Unitarianism

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 19th century

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Unitarian Church,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Hindu mythology,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Christian trinity.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Calcutta,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Hindu mythology, but also the Christian trinity.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Christian trinity.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Calcutta,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Unitarianism

text: The Environmental Protection Agency is the designated competent authority for the implementation of all Irish and EU ambient air quality legislation. The EPA manages the national ambient air quality monitoring network - assisted in its role of implementing this legislation by the local authorities, many of whom carry out ambient air quality monitoring - while also measuring the levels of a number of atmospheric pollutants, see bullet points above. For example, the EPA utilises several state and semi state buildings – fire stations, Garda Stations etc. - around the Greater Dublin area to gather data in real time and on a collected basis.Domestic solid fuel use such as coal and turf is the other main source of air pollution in Ireland (outside Greater Dublin) and particularly impacts air quality in areas where the sale of coal is permitted. When the Air Pollution (Marketing, Sale and Distribution of Fuel) Regulations were enacted in 1990, this banned the sale of bituminous fuels in the Greater Dublin area as such this lead to an immediate reduction in smoke levels thus offering the potential for better health. According to the Dublin Regional Air Quality Management Plan 2009 – 2012 (Dublin City Council, 2009);“these levels subsequently reduced from being close to or exceeding legal limit values to a point that is almost one tenth of the legal standard of 250 μg/m3.”  As a result, air pollution from the burning of solid fuel can be of a greater concern in smaller towns in Ireland (Dublin City Council, 2009).   Irish Legislation

text: The Environmental Protection Agency is the designated competent authority for the implementation of all Irish and EU ambient air quality legislation. The EPA manages the national ambient air quality monitoring network - assisted in its role of implementing this legislation by the local authorities, many of whom carry out ambient air quality monitoring - while also measuring the levels of a number of atmospheric pollutants, see bullet points above. For example, the EPA utilises several state and semi state buildings – fire stations, Garda Stations etc. - around the Greater Dublin area to gather data in real time and on a collected basis.Domestic solid fuel use such as coal and turf is the other main source of air pollution in Ireland (outside Greater Dublin) and particularly impacts air quality in areas where the sale of coal is permitted. When the Air Pollution (Marketing, Sale and Distribution of Fuel) Regulations were enacted in 1990, this banned the sale of

text: bituminous fuel

text: s in the

text: Greater Dublin area

text: as such this lead to an immediate reduction in smoke levels thus offering the potential for better health. According to the Dublin Regional Air Quality Management Plan 2009 – 2012 (Dublin City Council, 2009);“these levels subsequently reduced from being close to or exceeding legal limit values to a point that is almost one tenth of the legal standard of 250 μg/m3.”  As a result, air pollution from the burning of solid fuel can be of a greater concern in smaller towns in Ireland (Dublin City Council, 2009).   Irish Legislation

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 1990s

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Domestic solid fuel use

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: a number of atmospheric pollutants

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: air pollution from the burning of solid fuel

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Inversions trap pollutants in a cool air mass.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: basis.Domestic solid fuel use

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: solid fuel can be of a greater concern in smaller towns in Ireland

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: basis.Domestic solid fuel use

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: burning of solid fuel

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 250 <unk>g/m3.”

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Irish and EU ambient air quality legislation.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 1990, this banned the sale of bituminous fuels

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Pollution (Marketing, Sale and Distribution of Fuel)

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: burning of solid fuel

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Irish and EU ambient air quality legislation.

text: It didn't take too long for the show to start getting a bit of a wider following though at first it proved a challenge. Its core demographic - Sarajevo youth - was on board all along, but getting viewership in other demographics and other parts of the country took some time. Once obtained, this newly found popularity was in large part based on the abundance of colloquialisms and local Sarajevo street parlance - none of which could be seen up to that point on the very buttoned-up Yugoslav TV. In total, eleven episodes were aired during the first season. Considering each one of the six protagonists was in their early twenties, the sketches expectedly centered around exuberance and improvisation, which dominated over the written material.

text: It didn't take too long for the show to start getting a bit of a wider following though at first it proved a challenge. Its core demographic - Sarajevo youth - was on board all along, but getting viewership in other demographics and other parts of the country took some time. Once obtained, this newly found popularity was in large part based on the abundance of colloquialisms and local Sarajevo street parlance - none of which could be seen up to that point on the very buttoned-up Yugoslav TV. In total, eleven episodes were aired during the first season. Considering each one of the six protagonists was in their early twenties, the sketches expectedly centered around exuberance and improvisation, which dominated over the written material.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Sarajevo

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: colloquialisms and local Sarajevo street parlance

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Yugoslav TV.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Sarajevo

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: local Sarajevo street parlance

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: six

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: eleven episodes were aired during the first season.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Yugoslav TV.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: six protagonists was in their early twenties,

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: colloquialisms and local Sarajevo street parlance

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: colloquialisms and local Sarajevo street parlance

text: Richard Hutchinson may refer to:

text: Richard Hutchinson may refer to:

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: climate change

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Air Pollution

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Dr. Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Richard Hutchinson

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Richard Hutchinson

text: In May 1995, Toronto City Hall hosted a two-day forum on the future of the airport, chaired by former federal cabinet minister Barbara McDougall, organized by the Canadian Urban Institute and sponsored by the Harbour Commission. In an economic paper, endorsed by Chairman Tonks, Metro Toronto advocated for expansion: "The enormous economic potential, new jobs and revenues of the (airport) must be recognized and reaped immediately," while a poll of waterfront residents by the Metropolitan Waterfront Coalition showed 75% opposition to scheduled jets. A study by Concordia University professor Judith Patterson found that introducing jets to the airport could affect air quality along the lake shore by increasing the pollutants that form smog and ground-level ozone. Emissions by a Fokker 70 jet would release 1,400 kilograms of carbon dioxide per takeoff or landing, while a Dash 8 emitted 340 kilograms. A Transport Canada study disagreed with the existing noise regulations for the airport, stating they were out of date and that jets newer than those operating in 1983 were actually quieter than the turboprops operating at the airport. Chairperson McDougall wrapped up the forum, noting that no consensus existed on the future of the airport.

text: In May 1995, Toronto City Hall hosted a two-day forum on the future of the airport, chaired by former federal cabinet minister

text: Barbara McDougall

text: , organized by the Canadian Urban Institute and sponsored by the Harbour Commission. In an economic paper, endorsed by Chairman Tonks, Metro Toronto advocated for expansion: "The enormous economic potential, new jobs and revenues of the (airport) must be recognized and reaped immediately," while a poll of waterfront residents by the Metropolitan Waterfront Coalition showed 75% opposition to scheduled jets. A study by

text: Concordia University

text: professor Judith Patterson found that introducing jets to the airport could affect air quality along the lake shore by increasing the pollutants that form smog and ground-level ozone. Emissions by a

text: Fokker 70

text: jet would release 1,400 kilograms of carbon dioxide per takeoff or landing, while a Dash 8 emitted 340 kilograms. A Transport Canada study disagreed with the existing noise regulations for the airport, stating they were out of date and that jets newer than those operating in 1983 were actually quieter than the turboprops operating at the airport. Chairperson McDougall wrapped up the forum, noting that no consensus existed on the future of the airport.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: introducing jets

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ground-level ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: smog and ground-level ozone.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: smog and ground-level ozone.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: pollutants

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 340 kilograms.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: smog and ground-level ozone.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: smog and ground-level ozone.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: ground-level ozone.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: introducing jets

text: It is located within the NOMA mixed-use redevelopment scheme, between the CIS Tower, New Century House and the Hanover Building, opposite the refurbished Manchester Victoria station.

text: It is located within the

text: NOMA

text: mixed-use redevelopment scheme, between the

text: CIS Tower

text: New Century House

text: and the

text: Hanover Building

text: , opposite the refurbished

text: Manchester Victoria station

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: CIS Tower, New Century House and the Hanover Building,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Manchester Victoria station.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Manchester

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: NOMA mixed-use redevelopment scheme,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: Manchester Victoria station.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Manchester Victoria station.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Manchester Victoria station.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Manchester Victoria station.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: NOMA mixed-use redevelopment scheme,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Manchester Victoria station.

text: As of recent census, Benti is a village with a population of about 8,000.

text: As of recent census, Benti is a village with a population of about 8,000.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Benti

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: Nitrogen

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: climate

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: 8,000.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: 8,000.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: 8,000.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 8,000.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 8,000.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: 8,000.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: Benti is a village with a population of about 8,000.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: 8,000.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: 8,000.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: 8,000.

text: Lieutenant General Rochelle's staff assignments included operations officer, professional development officer, and ultimately as deputy chief, General Officer Management Office, Office of the Chief of Staff Army, Headquarters Department of the Army; between commanding the Brunswick Recruiting Battalion and as the Garrison Commander at Fort Monroe, Lieutenant General Rochelle served as the Division G-1 and Adjutant General of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault); and he served as the Senior Military Assistant to the Deputy Secretary of Defense, the Honorable John J. Hamre, and later as the Special Assistant to the Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel. He served as the Director of the U.S. Army Installation Management Agency (IMA). He assumed duties as the Deputy Chief of Staff, G-1, United States Army, in June 2006.

text: Lieutenant General

text: Rochelle's staff assignments included operations officer, professional development officer, and ultimately as deputy chief, General Officer Management Office, Office of the Chief of Staff Army, Headquarters Department of the Army; between commanding the Brunswick Recruiting Battalion and as the Garrison Commander at Fort Monroe, Lieutenant General Rochelle served as the Division G-1 and Adjutant General of the

text: 101st Airborne Division

text: (Air Assault); and he served as the Senior Military Assistant to the

entity_name: United States Deputy Secretary of Defense

text: Deputy Secretary of Defense

text: , the Honorable John J. Hamre, and later as the Special Assistant to the Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel. He served as the Director of the U.S. Army Installation Management Agency (IMA). He assumed duties as the Deputy Chief of Staff, G-1, United States Army, in June 2006.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: airborne division

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: (Air Assault);

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: June 2006.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: (Air Assault);

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: 101st Airborne Division

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 2006.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Lieutenant General Rochelle's

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: 2006.

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: (Air Assault);

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Lieutenant General Rochelle's

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Deputy Chief of Staff, G-1, United States Army, in June 2006.

text: As air flows inwards through the insulation it picks up, via the insulation fibres, the heat that is being conducted to the outside.  Dynamic insulation is thus able to achieve the dual function of reducing the heat loss through the walls and/or roof whilst at the same time supplying pre-warmed air to the indoor spaces.  Dynamic insulation would appear, therefore, to overcome the major disadvantage of airtight envelopes which is that the quality of the indoor air will deteriorate unless there is natural or mechanical ventilation.  However, dynamic insulation also requires mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR) in order to recover the heat in the exhaust air.

text: As air flows inwards through the insulation it picks up, via the insulation fibres, the heat that is being conducted to the outside.  Dynamic insulation is thus able to achieve the dual function of reducing the heat loss through the walls and/or roof whilst at the same time supplying pre-warmed air to the indoor spaces.  Dynamic insulation would appear, therefore, to overcome the major disadvantage of airtight envelopes which is that the

text: quality of the indoor air

text: will deteriorate unless there is natural or mechanical ventilation.  However, dynamic insulation also requires mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR) in order to recover the heat in the exhaust air.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: what causes indoor air to deteriorate

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: ozone

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: smog

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: As air flows inwards through the insulation

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: As air flows inwards

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: the quality of the indoor air

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: natural or mechanical ventilation.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: pre-warmed air to the indoor spaces.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: As air flows inwards through the insulation

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: airtight envelopes

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: pre-warmed air to the indoor spaces.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: natural or mechanical ventilation.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: Dynamic insulation

text: The Stoics explained perception as a transmission of the perceived quality of an object, by means of the sense organ, into the percipient's mind. The quality transmitted appears as a disturbance or impression upon the corporeal surface of that "thinking thing," the soul. In the example of sight, a conical pencil of rays diverges from the pupil of the eye, so that its base covers the object seen. A presentation is conveyed, by an air-current, from the sense organ, here the eye, to the mind, i.e. the soul's "ruling part." The presentation, besides attesting its own existence, gives further information of its object – such as colour or size. Zeno and Cleanthes compared this presentation to the impression which a seal bears upon wax, while Chrysippus determined it more vaguely as a hidden modification or mode of mind. But the mind is no mere passive recipient of impressions from without. Sensation reacts, by a variation in tension, against the current from the sense-organ; and this is the mind's assent or dissent, which is inseparable from the sense presentation. The contents of experience are not all true or valid: hallucination is possible; here the Stoics agreed with the Epicureans. It is necessary, therefore, that assent should not be given indiscriminately; we must determine a criterion of truth, a special formal test whereby reason may recognize the merely plausible and hold fast the true.

text: The Stoics explained

text: perception

text: as a transmission of the perceived quality of an object, by means of the sense organ, into the percipient's mind. The quality transmitted appears as a disturbance or impression upon the corporeal surface of that "thinking thing," the soul. In the example of

text: sight

text: , a conical pencil of rays diverges from the pupil of the

text: eye

text: , so that its base covers the object seen. A presentation is conveyed, by an air-current, from the sense organ, here the eye, to the mind, i.e. the soul's "ruling part." The presentation, besides attesting its own existence, gives further information of its object – such as colour or size. Zeno and Cleanthes compared this presentation to the impression which a

text: seal

text: bears upon

text: wax

text: , while Chrysippus determined it more vaguely as a hidden modification or mode of mind. But the mind is no mere passive recipient of impressions from without. Sensation reacts, by a variation in tension, against the current from the sense-organ; and this is the mind's assent or dissent, which is inseparable from the sense presentation. The contents of experience are not all true or valid:

text: hallucination

text: is possible; here the Stoics agreed with the Epicureans. It is necessary, therefore, that assent should not be given indiscriminately; we must determine a criterion of truth, a special formal test whereby reason may recognize the merely plausible and hold fast the true.

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Stoics

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a hidden modification or mode of mind

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: the Stoics

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: unanswerable

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: air-current,

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: Epicureans.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: air-current,

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air-current,

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: The Stoics

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: air-current,

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: hallucination

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: colour or size.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air-current,

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: The Stoics

text: The UAW-GM Quality 500 was held October 8 at Lowe's Motor Speedway. Jeff Gordon won the pole. This was the final race that aired on TBS.

text: The

text: UAW-GM Quality 500

text: was held October 8 at

text: Lowe's Motor Speedway

text: Jeff Gordon

text: won the pole. This was the final race that aired on

text: TBS

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: World War II

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: a health hazard

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: air pollution

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: nitrogen oxides

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: air quality

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: no

answers: NDQ_003811

answers: TBS.

answers: NDQ_003812

answers: October 8 at Lowe's Motor Speedway.

answers: NDQ_003813

answers: Lowe's Motor Speedway.

answers: NDQ_003814

answers: Lowe's Motor Speedway.

answers: NDQ_003815

answers: 8 at Lowe's Motor Speedway.

answers: NDQ_003816

answers: Lowe's Motor Speedway.

answers: NDQ_003817

answers: The UAW-GM Quality 500

answers: NDQ_003818

answers: UAW-GM Quality 500 was held October 8 at Lowe's Motor Speedway.

answers: NDQ_003819

answers: Lowe's Motor Speedway.

answers: NDQ_003820

answers: October 8 at Lowe's Motor Speedway.